Selected quad for the lemma: money_n
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A26473
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Advice to the women and maidens of London shewing, that instead of their usual pastime, and education in needlework ... it were far more necessary and profitable to apply themselves to the right understanding and practice of the method of keeping books of account : with some essays, or rudiments for young beginners, in twelve articles / by one of that sex.
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One of that sex.
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1678
(1678)
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Wing A664; ESTC R21333
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12,181
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39
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one in one Year and another in another in this or the like way of keeping the Accounts of House Expences or other petty Charges besides the satisfaction they will have to see how and which way their Money goes They will also train up their Children to be regular and handy in Accounts of greater Moment I have not further to say concerning this Account of House-Expences but that at the Years end when the Account is past and approved there should be a Scheme thereof drawn out of the said Account in manner following viz. The several Gradations how the aforesaid Years Expences did arise  January February March April May. June July August Septemb. October Novemb. Decemb. Total  l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. Flesh 3 6  6  9 6  11 4 11 11 3 16 11 12 9 1 1 12 11 4 14 9 4 15 9 6 16 11 4 5 10 3 13 4 62 5 1 Fish 16 7  12 1  10 9 1 3 1  17 5 1 5 5 13 10 1 1 3 18 15 17 6 6 1 9 17 10 Drink 1 12 2  15 2  1 6  15 10  10 2 6 8 9    8 2 7 1 14 2 3 8 7 10 7 2 18 26 17 6 Bread and Meal 2 5 5 2 2 9 4 5 6  15 2 1 3 8 1 3 5 17 2 12 1 2 4 8 4 8 2 1 8 1 15 6 23 7 8 Butter Cheese c. 6 5  18 6  7 2  17 10 6 3 10 1 12 1 1 1 3 13 10 4 4 14 8 3 0 3 2 1 10 2 25 6 2 Fruit Herbs Roots 4 10  6 2  4 2  3 8  5   14 3 13 2 1 8 6 1 11 2 13 6 6 7 7 7 6 18 7 Wages 1     1          15 6       2    1 2 7 15 6 Salteries Pickles 2 10  3 2  1 4  3 2  2 9  7  7 5 5 4 8 10 1 2 4 2 8 2 12 5 Groceries 2 1  3 3  3 4  2 4  2 3  8 2 7 17 5 11 11 4 5 10 6 4 7 3 10 10 Fire and Candle 1 19 3 2 11 6 2 4 11 1 10 6  6   5 7 2 1 9 10 11 3 1 11 10 11 10 1 16 8 24 11 2 Laundry 5 2  16 7  11 7  6 5  16 10  6 5 4 10 13 4 9 11 5 2 10 3 11 6 6 8 Physick 1 6 3  10 9  1 3  3   4   7 6 5 1 8 3 8 9 11 1 4 5 3 5 12 4 Repairs 3 1  10 1  11 2  2 2  1 11    1 9             1 10 1 12 Brittle Ware 5 1   6  1 6  3 6   10   9 4 8 1 11 2 8 6    1 8 4 Houshold-stuff 1 8  2 4  1 10 1 9 3   11 1 5 8 4 1 1 4 6 14 8 2 6 8 6 6 12 2 Apparel 5 8 7 7 9 4 2 7 9 6 10 10 10 9 5 9 10 7 2 10 8 9 1 8 3 14 4 4 13 3 4 13 2 4 2 6 70 12 1 Rent and Taxes 2 3 2 5 3   2 6 5 5     1 5 8    4 9 4 10 6 6 9 6 1 6 25 10 2 Schooling Books  4  7 4  2 8   8  10 4       9 3       1 4 1 6 2 2 18 1 Gifts and Charities 6 6  7 6  4 6        17 4 1    5 9 4 6 11 7 1 3 5 4 2 1 Incident Charges 2 6 1  9 1 13 5  10 6 1 3   16 2 16 3 5 1 3 8 8 1 12 11 1 4 2 3 15 10 16 9 3  21 17 11 30 1 6 20 17 9 24 14 10 26 15 3 40 9 4 9 9 9 40 4 39 1 5 26 6 4 21 11 33 11 11 334 7 3 This fore-going Scheme hath two principal Aspects First you see the Total Expence of each Moneth at the bottom thereof viz. January 21 l. 17 s. 11. Febr. 30 l. 1 s. 6 d. c. Secondly you see the Total Years Expence of each Commodity in the last Collumn and so the Years Expence for Flesh-meat is 62 l. 5 s. 1 d. And for Fish 9 l 17 s. 10. c. And the Total of the whole Years Charge at the foot of all to be 334 l. 7 s. 3. Note That the Account of Promiscuous Incident Charges amounting in the Year to 16 l. 9 s. 3 d. may be if you will distinguished into other several heads as Port of Letters Boat and Coach-hire Travelling-charges and the like And thus much may serve to be spoken concerning this petty-charge Account In the Practise whereof two things are to be minded viz. Exactness and Neatness without Exactness it is an insignificant thing a labour in vain And without Neatness the Accountant doth but manifest her unaptness and unreadiness Therefore if one Year do not render the Accountants exact and neat let them Practise it two Years For if a true Account be not kept without blots it will never commend the Artist I should now in performance of my Promise in the Title Page present you with some Essays or Rudiments of Accounts in the way of a Trade but what can be expected in these few sheets Or why should I here Copy the Works of others The best Service I can do you is to refer you to that Book lately Printed whence I derive all my small stock of Learning in Accounts The Title of the Book is Debtor and Creditor made Easie and is to be had of the Bookseller whose Name is affixed to the Front of this But that I may do something to acquit my self of this Engagement I shall here Present you with some short Precepts and a few useful Examples for a beginner in the wat of Trade and leave you to Reap the Harvest of this Learning from better Authors The General Precept therefore is this That when any Goods are bought or sold when any Money is received or paid in short when any Bargain is made each Action or Contract is to be Entred in your Leiger or Book of Accounts twice viz. Debtor and Creditor For you must consider that every Receit or Payment every Buying and Selling or other Contract is a transferring of Property
from one to another so that the Person or thing who is the Receiver or Borrower is intended here for the Debtor and the Person who pays or the thing delivered or lent is the Creditor But I cannot more aptly Explain my meaning than in referring you to the Petty-charge Account before going wherein you have this Rule of a double Entry plainly Demonstrated For in the Moneth of January I Receive 21 l. 17 s. 11 d. This I disburse as hath been shewn In Flesh 3 l. 6 s. In Fish 16 s. 7 d. c. Here now the Account of Flesh is Debtor 3 l. 6 s. and the Account of Fish is Debtor 16 s. 7 d. c. and that of Money or Cash is Creditor for all those Sums and thus one answers th' other and Balances the Account Therefore to proceed Imagine an Exchange-Woman Shop-keeper or the like newly entring upon Trade is desirous to keep her Accounts in an exact Method The first thing she is to do is to draw an Inventory of her Estate as followeth viz. In Ready Money 60 l. A Piece of black A-la-mode Containing 55 Ells cost 3 s. per. Ell. 0â— l. 05 s. 20 Dozen of Womens Gloves cost 16 s. per Dozen 16 l. Due to her by Mrs. Martha Thorpe 20 l. So her whole Estate is 104 l. 5 s. These four Branches of her Stock are to be kept in so many several Heads of Accounts as in the former Rules of House Accounts So that first Money or Cash is to be made Debtor and an Account of Stock Creditor Turn over to the Leiger which begins at page 28 and you 'l see this done the Debtor is always on the left hand and the Creditor on the right There you will find it so entred viz. Cash in pag. 28 is Debtor to Stock in pag. 29. And Stock in pag. 29. is Creditor by Cash in pag. 28. And in the like manner you will find the other three Parcels entred in pag. 30 31. Having thus Posted your Account of Stock and set open your shop you begin your Trade after some such manner as this And here I desire the Reader or Learner as she reads these following Instructions to cast her eye upon the Leiger where the Parcels are entred You sell by Retail for ready Money five dozen of Gloves at 20 s. per dozen 5 l. For this having Received Money your Cash is Debtor Debtor 28. Creditor 31. and Account of Gloves is Creditor as you see it done in pag. 28.31 5 l. You have sold to Mrs. Thorp five dozen of Gloves at 22 s. per dozen 5 l. 10 s. To Enter this Mrs. Thorp not yet having paid is Debtor Debter 30. Creditor 31. and Account of Gloves Creditor as will appear by the Figures of Reference in the Margin 5 l. 10 s. Having given out 25 Ells of Allamode for making of Hoods they now being returned in 30 Hoods cost 2 s. 6 d. each Hood in stuff onely which is equivalent to 3 s. per Ell. 3 l. 15 s. For this make in your Leiger an Account of Hoods and let that be Debtor and Allamode Creditor 3 l. 15 s. Paid your Sempstress for Silk and making the said Hoods Debtor 32. Creditor 31. at 6 d. a piece l. 15 s. Hoods is here Debtor to Cash l. 15 s. Note Debtor 32. Creditor 29 when I say Debtor to Cash it is in short to express that Hoods is Debtor and Cash is Creditor And here also Observe all along in your Leiger that every Debtors Parcel begins To and then mentions the Creditor and every Creditor begins By and then mentions the Debtor The first tells whither you are going the second whence you come You have Received of Mrs. Thorp in part of her Debt 15 l. Make Cash Debtor Debtor 28. Creditor 31. Mrs. Thorp Creditor 15 l. Bought of Henry Garstang 20 dozen of Gloves at 15 s. per dozen 15 l. Here Gloves are Debtor Debtor 30. Creditor 33 and you must state an Account for Henry Garstang and make that Creditor 15 l. You pay the said Garstang in Money 10 l. and by 30 Hoods at 3 s. 4 d. per Hood 5 l. 1. Henry Garstang is Debtor to Cash for the 10 l. paid him Debtor 32. Creditor 29. Debtor 32. Creditor 33. 10 l. 2. The said Garstang is Debtor to Hoods 5 l. for 30 sold him Bought of James Jones two Pieces of Bag-Holland containing 60 Ells at 5 s. per Ell. 15 l. Four Pieces of Cambrick at 40 s. per Piece 8 l. 23 l. Make an Account of Linnen Debtor Debtor 32. Creditor 33 and James Jones Creditor 23 l. Both these must be new opened in the Leiger You pay Mr. Jones in Money 12 l. 10 s. And he is willing to accept of the Assignment upon Mrs. Thorp for the Debt she owes being 10 l. 10. So he is paid in full 23 l. By this time I hope it is easie to be understood that Jones is Debtor Debtor 32. Creditor 29. Debtor 32. Creditor 31. and Cash Creditor for the 12 l. 10 s. paid And he is Debtor and Mrs. Thorp Creditor for the Assignment of 10 l. 10 s. Your whole parcel of Linnen is cut out and made up into Handkerchiefs Cravats Cuffs c. the charge thereof as by the Sempstress's Bill amounts to and you paid her 2 l. 10 s. This is easily put in Order thus Debtor 32. Creditor 29. Linnen Debtor and Cash Creditor 2 l. 10 s. You meet with a Merchant going to Barbadoes who hath occasion for about half of your Linnen and the parcel is made out proportionable to his pay which is not to be in Money but in two Hogsheads of Sugar weighing Nett 14 C. 3 q. 14 l. The price 26 s. per C. amounting to 19 l. 6 s. 9 d. The Goods being Bartered and interchanged you need onely make an Account of Sugar Debtor 34. Creditor 33. Debtor and Linnen Creditor 19 l 6 s 9 d Your disbursements for House-keeping and all other petty charges amounts to in a week past 3 l 6 s 8 d. Make an Account in your Leiger of House-keeping Debtor 34. Creditor 29. and let that be Debtor to Cash 3 l 6 s 8 d And thus I have done as to carrying on a Trade for I dare not swell this into a farther progress this may suffice to give you a relish of an Art which the more known will yield the pleasanter taste But all this will signifie but little unless you bring your Accounts to a certain conclusion or Balance whereby to see how your new Stock differs from your Old To accomplish this there are two Accounts more to be stated in your Leiger which have not yet been opened that is the Account of Profit and Loss and the Account of Balance The first of these you could not have been without if this Trade had been a little farther carried on That of Balance is ever the last Account in the