Counsels go down glibly When persons are fully satisfied that in all our Addresses to them we study only their benefit and profit this opens an effectual door to all the means that we shall use Thus Paul accosts the Romans I long to see you that I may impart unto you some spiritual gift Rom. 1.10 11. Thus he smooths his way to the Philippians Phil. 1.8 God is my Record how greatly I long after you all in the bowels of Jesus Christ Labour then to get their love their good esteem and the work will thrive beyond expectation Love is like the oiling of the Key which makes it to open the lock more easily love greaseth the nail and makes it enter with more facility 2. To holy hearty serious affectionate frequent admonition add an exemplary Conversation Inferiours are apt to be led rather by example than rule and are more prone to imitate Practices than to learn Principles They are more mindful of what we do than of what we say and they will be very prone to suspect that we are not in good earnest when they see that we command them one thing and do another our selves When we teach them well and do amiss our selves we do but pull down with one hand what we build with the other Like a man that at the same time sings a lovely Song and drowns the melody of it by playing an ugly Tune When the Father is immodest the Child that sees it soon grows impudent and therefore the Ancients thought themselves concern'd to be very reserv'd and cautelous before their children Maxima debetur pueris reverentia Psal 101.2 Nâ—l faedum dictu visâ—que ea limina â—angat intra quae pura est Pâ—il 1.4 Col. 1 3. Rom. 10.1 Walk as David therefore in thy house with a perfect heart Let thy children and servants behold nothing in thy deportment which if follow'd may prove sinful 3. To an exemplary conversation add faithful fervent humble constant supplication Paul without ceasing makes mention of his heart's desire and his prayer to God for Israel was that they might be saved Ministers like spiritual Priests should not fail to offer their daily Sacrifices for their people confess their iniquities bewail their misery and cry mightily to God for his mercy All our instructions without prayer will do no good Go to God to sanctifie all By prayer carry thy children servants to the blessed Jesus in the Arms of Faith and beseech him to bless them by laying on his hands on them as Isaac did The accustomed Ceremony used in Blessing Beza in Mat. 19. Impositio manuum Symbolum fuit apud Judaeos familiare quoties solâ—nnis erat precatio vel benedictâ— Mat. 15.22 Gen. 27.1 and 48.9 14. with Matth. 19.13 and Mark 10.16 How pathetically did Abraham plead with God for Ishmael Oh that Ishmael might live before thee Gen. 17.18 Bathsheba calls for Solomon the Son of her Vows Prov. 31.2 Austin the Child of Monica's prayers and tears O pray then pray earnestly O that this my Son Daughter Servant might not dye for ever Thou Lord art the Prince and Lord of Life O speak powerfully to their poor Souls that these pieces of my bowels that are now dead in trespasses and sins may hear thy voice and live Cry out to God with that poor man in the Gospel Lord have mercy on my Son Matth. 17.15 If a Mother do as the Woman of Canaan did Have mercy on me O Lord my Daughter is grievously vexed with a Devil If he seem not to hear and to be silent go nearer to him by Faith and cry Lord help me Lord help me If his Answer seem to be a repulse do not thou desist but rather gather Arguments from his denial as she did and conclude that if he once open his mouth he will not shut his hand and if importunity may prevail with an unrighteous man then much more it will obtain with a gracious God Never leave him therefore till by laying hold on his own strength thou hast overcome him At last thou mayst hear that ravishing voice O Woman be it unto thee even as thou wilt and see thy Daughter made whole from that very hour 4. Lastly To fervent supplication add wary inspection Keep a strict hand Dr. Jacomb Dem. Dâ—c 83. and a watchful eye continually over those that are committed to your charge your utmost care and vigilancy in this will be found little enough How soon will those Gardens that now look like a Paradise be overgrown with weeds if the Keepers thereof do not look to them daily How soon is Childhood and Youth tainted with sin if it be not narrowly watcht Be thou diligent therefore to know the state of thy Flock and look well to thy Herds Carefully observe the natural temper of your inferiours you will by this the better know how to apply your selves to them in advice reproof correction Observe the first sprouts and buds of what is either good or evil in them encourage commend reward them in the one curb restrain and prevent the further growth of the other Do they begin to take God's Name in vain Do they nibble at a lye Doth Pride in apparel peep forth Be sure to kill this Serpent in the very egg to crush this Cockatrice in the Shell 2. Thus of Superiours A word to Inferiours and I have done Dear Lambs the Searcher of Hearts knows how greatly I long after you all in the Bowels of Jesus Christ Shall I prevail with you to remember this when I am laid with my Fathers viz. That 't is no less your Duty to make Religion your business in the relation of Children and Servants than 't is ours in the relation of Parents and Masters Oh what a credit what a glory is it to drink in the Dews of Godliness in the morning of your lives What a lovely sight to behold those Trees blossoming with the fruits of the Spirit in the Spring of their Age Better is a poor and a wise Child than an old and a foolish King Eccl. 4.13 What a Garland of Honour doth the Holy Ghost put on the head of an holy Child How profitable is early Piety Some Fruits ripe early in the year are worth treble the price of latter Fruits Godliness at any time brings in much gain but he that comes first to the Market is like to make the best price of his Ware On the other side how dangerous are delays Remember Children late Repentance like untimely fruits seldom comes to any thing Your lives are very uncertain As young as you are you may be old enough for a Grave Oh then seek your God 1 Tim. 6.6 We read of one that truly repented at his last gasp that so none might despair but 't is of but one that none might presume and seek him when and whiles he may be found Isa 55.5 If thou refuse him now he may refuse thee hereafter I have heard of one that deferring Repentance
before we meddle with it 2. Contempt of the world As love of the world is a great impediment so contempt of the world is a great promoter of our love to God may not our contempt of the world be best express'd by our worldly diffidence we have no confidence in it no expectation of happiness from it I take both the understanding and will to be the seat of Faith now to have both these against the world is to have our understanding satisfied that the world cannot satisfie us to look upon the world as an empty Drum that makes a great noise but hath nothing in it and therefore the will doth not hanker after it hath no kindness for it That person is a good proficient in divine love that can make the world serviceable to devotion by drawing arguments from his worldly condition be it what it will to promote piety e. g. Have I any thing considerable in the world I will manage it as a Steward blessed be God he hath entrusted me with any thing whereby I may shew my love to him in my love to his Have I nothing in the world Blessed be God for my freedom from worldly snares God knows I need food and raiment and I am of Jacob's mind p Gen. 28.20 21. if God will give me no more he shall be my God and I will be content whatever my condition be in the world 't is better than Christ's was and Oh that I could love God as Christ did 3. Observation of God's benefits to us 't is goodness and beneficence that draws out love God is our infinite Benefactor the very brutes love their Benefactors q Isa 1.3 Qui beneficia invenit compedes invenit Sen. The Ox knoweth his owner and the Ass his Master's crib but my people doth not consider Who can reckon up the benefits he receives from God the commonest of our mercy deserves a return of love how much more our Spiritual merces those very mercies that are troublesome to us deserve our love e. g. Trouble for Sin though to a degree of horror hungring after Christ though unto languishing disappointments in the world though without satisfaction any where else lamenting after God though with fear we shall never enjoy him Such like throws of anguish make way for spiritual joy and comfort and the Soul that goes through such exercises grows in love to God every day As for other kinds of Benefits I 'le say but this God doth more for us every hour of our lives than all our dearest Friends or Relations on Earth than all the Saints and Angels in Heaven can do so much as once should they do their utmost and can you do less than love him 4. Watchfulness over our own hearts When we love God we are to remember that we love a jealous God This will restrain the stragling of our affections we should keep as careful a watch over our own hearts as we should over a rich Heiress committed to our Guardianship we reckon she 's undone and we shall never be able to look God or Man in the face if she be unworthily match'd through our default Christians your hearts through the condesension of God and Blood and Spirit of Christ are a match for the King of Glory several inferiour objects not worth the naming are earnest suitors we are undone if any but God have our Supream love if you be not severely watchful this heart of yours will be stoln away be perswaded therefore to examine every thing that you have cause to suspect call your selves often to an account be jealous of your hearts and of every thing whereby you may be endangered 5. Prayer All manner of Prayer is singularly useful to enflame the heart with love to God Those that pray best love God best mistake me not I do not say those that can pray with the most florid expressions or those that can pray with the most general applause but they that most feel every word they speak and every thought they think in Prayer they whose apprehensions of God are most over-whelming whose affections to God are most Spiritually passionate whose Prayers are most wrestling and graciously impudent this is the man that prayes best and loves God best I grant these are the Prayers of a great proficient in the love of God but you may pray for this frame when you cannot pray with it The Soul never falls sick of divine love in Prayer but Christ presently gives it an extraordinary visit (r) Cant. 2.5 6. so soon as ever Christ's Spouse sayes she is sick of love the next words she speaks are that his left hand is under my head and his right hand doth embrace me Compare that with those words (s) Cant. 6 5 Turn away thine eyes from me for they have overcome me Christ speaks as of being overcome and conquer'd Rouze up your selves therefore give your selves unto Prayer Pray for a more Spiritual discovery of Gods amiableness did you know God better you could not but love him more and none can discover God to us as he discovers himself so spiritually so powerfully take no denyal God will never be angry with your being importunate for hearts to love him Bradward de causa dei l. 1. p. 118 119. O my God it is thy self I love above all things 't is for thy self in thee my desires are terminated and therefore what wilt thou give me if thou wilt not give me thy self thou wilt give me nothing If I find thee not I find nothing thou dost not at all reward me but vehemently torment me heretofore when I sought thee finally for thy self I hop'd that I should quickly find thee and keep thee and with this sweet hope I comforted my self in all my labours but now if thou deny me thy self what wilt thou give me shall I be for ever disappointed of so great a hope shall I always languish in my love shall I mourn in my languishment shall I grieve in my mourning shall I weep and wail in my grief shall I alwayes be empty shall I alwayes disconsolately sorrow incessantly complain and be endlesly tormented O my most good most powerful most merciful and most loving God thou dost not use so unfriendly and like an enemy to despise refuse wound and torment those that love thee with all their heart soul and strength that hope for full happiness in thee Thou art the God of truth the beginning and end of those that love thee thou dost at last give thy self to those that love thee to be their perfect and compleat happiness Therefore O my most good God grant that I may in this present life love thee for thy self above all things seek thee in all things and in the life to come find thee and hold thee to eternity 6. Meditation A duty as much talk'd of and as little practis'd as any duty of Christianity Did you but once a day In that time of the day which
our Enemies This likewise draws the heart to a just indignation Zeal and Compassion The very matter we Sing doth abundantly sweeten this Duty Nay further 1. Singing is the musick of Nature The Scriptures tell us the Mountains Sing Jer. 44.23 The valleys Sing Psal 65.13 The trees of the wood Sing 1 Chron. 16.33 Nay the Air is the Bird's Musick room where they chant their musical notes 2. Singing is the Musick of Ordinances Augustin reports of himself Aug lib. 3. conf cap. 6. Bâ—za That when he came to Millain and heard the people Sing he wept for joy in the Church to hear that pleasing Melody And Beza confesses That at his first entrance into the Congregation and hearing them sing the 91 Psalm he felt himself exceedingly comforted and did retain the sound of it afterwards upon his heart The Rabbies tell us That the Jews after the feast of the Passeover was celebrated they sang the 111 Psalm and the five following Psalms and our Saviour and his Apostles sang an HYMN immediately after the Blessed Supper Mat. 26.30 Mat. 26.30 3. Singing is the Musick of Saints 1. They have performed this duty in their greatest numbers Psal 149.2 2. In their greatest straits Isa 26.19 3. In their greatest flight Isa 42.10 11 4. In their greatest deliverances 5. In their greatest plenties Isa 65.14 In all these changes Singing hath been their stated duty and delight And indeed it is meet that the Saints and servants of God should Sing forth their joyes and praises to the Lord Almighty Every Attribute of him can set both their Song and their Tune 4. Singing is the Musick of Angels Job tells us The Morning Stars Sang together Job 38.7 Now these Morning Stars as Pineda Pineda comment in Job tells us are the Angels to which the Chaldee Paraphrase accords naming these Morning Stars Aciem Angelorum an host of Angels nay when this heavenly Host was sent to proclaim the Birth of our dearest Jesus they deliver their message in this raised way of duty Luke 2.13 They were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 delivering their messages in a laudatory Singing the whole Company of Angels making a Musical Quire Nay in Heaven there is the Angels joyous Musick Creaturarum Psalmus est Stella they there sing Hallelujahs to the most High and to the Lamb who sits upon the Throne Rev. 5.11 5. Singing is the Musick of Heaven The glorious Saints and Angels accent their praises this way and make one harmony in their state of blessedness Ibi nil nisi laus Dei nisi amor Dei Aug. and this is the Musick of the Bride-Chamber Rev. 15.3 The Saints who were tuning here their Psalms are now Singing there Hallelujahs in a louder strain and articulating their joys which here they could not express to their perfect satisfaction here they laboured with drowsie Hearts and faltering Tongues But in glory these impediments are removed and nothing is left to jar their joyous celebrations Now thirdly we come to shew the Vniversal practice of this Duty Singing Psalms and Spiritual Songs to God is not more sweet than Oecumenical It hath been always the way of Saints thus to express their joy in the Lord. This Duty hath been practised 1. By all varieties of Persons 1. By Christ and his Apostles as hath been shown Mat. 26.30 The glorious Sun and Stars have shined in favour upon this joyous Service and left their practice of it upon Record The Supernal and upper Orders of the World have not been too high for this Spiritual Harmony 2. Godly Princes have glorified God in this Duty 2 Chron. 29.30 Their Thrones have not raised them above this Spiritual service King Jehoshaphat assaults his enemies not only with the brandishing of his Sword but with the Singing of his Song 2 Chron. 20.21 Princes who have swayed regal Scepters have sang Spiritual Songs and have minded the Quire as well as the Crown David not only takes the Scepter into his hand to rule the people but takes the Harp into his hand to sing the praises of the Lord. 3. Worthy Governours Nehemiah takes care that as soon as the wall of Hierusalem was set up Singers should be appointed to perform this part of God's Worship Nehem. 7.1 These Eminent Magistrates held not only the reins of Government but lifted up those hands which held them with the voices in Singing the Praises of God Magistracy is a spur not a curb to Duty I need not mention Ethan Heman and Asaph Eminent and Worthy Men engaged in this pleasing service 2 Chron. 5.12 4. Holy Prophets They did not only prophesie of things to come but they practised Duties for the present more especially this And as David pens Prophetical so he sings Musical Psalms and professes his dying and his singing Air should both expire together Psal 146.2 Psal 146.2 This Duty should lye by him on his Death-bed and as Moses in the 32 Chapter of Deuteronomy he will close up his life with a Swan-like with a Saint-like Song So the 22 Chapter of the second of Samuel was a song of Thanksgiving for manifold mercies a little before his death 5. The body of the People As Singing is not too low for Kings so not too choice for Subjects the whole multitude sometimes engaged in the harmony Then Israel Sang this Song Numb 21.17 The Peoples voice may make melody as the lesser birds contribute to the Musick of the Grove their chirping notes filling up the harmony 6. Eminent Fathers Basil Basil August lib. 9. Conf. cap 6. Non discumbitur priusquam Oratio ad Deum sit c. Tertul. calls the Singing of Psalms Spiritual incense Augustine was highly commendatory of this service and assures us Ambrose and Athanasius were coincident with him in this particuler 7. Primitive Christians and here I shall only mention what Tertullian relates of the practice of those times he lived in When we come to a feast saith he we do not sit down before there is Prayer and after the meal is past one cometh forth and either out of the Holy Scriptures or else from some composure of his own begins a Spiritual Song 2. In all Ages This service of Singing to God was soon started in the World Moses the first Penman of Scripture he both Sung a Song and Penned a Psalm as we hinted before In the Judges time Deborah and Barak Sang a Triumphant Song Judg. 5.1 2 c. During the time of the Kings of Judah the Levites sang the praises of God in the Sanctuary A little before the Captivity we find the Church praising God in Singing Isa 35.2 In the time of the Captivity Israel did not forget the Songs of Zion though they were in Babylon Psal 126.2 After their return from Captivity we soon find them return to this joyous Service Neh. 7.1 their long Exile had not banished this Duty Towards the close of their Prophets prophesying the Church is again engaged in
to the Sheeps passing out of the Fold when they were to be Tithed for God Levit. 27.32 they were to be told with a Rod one two three c. and the Tenth was the Lords God will not covenant with us in the lump and body but every one was to be particularly minded of his Duty 't is not enough that our Parents did engage for us in Baptism as the Israelites in the Name of their little ones did avouch God to be their God Dent. 29.10 11 12. No man can savingly transact this Work for another we must ratifie the Covenant in our own Persons and make our own professed subjection to the Gospel of Christ 2 Cor. 9.13 This Work cannot be done by a Proxy or Assigns our Parents Dedication will not profit us without some personal Act of our own if we live to years of discretion Once more this must be done not only in words or visible external Rites which may signifie so much as personal Covenanting with God but a Man must ingage his heart to God Jer. 30.21 yea this is a business that must be done between God and our own Souls where no outward witnesses are conscious to it God speaketh to the Soul in this transaction Psal 35.3 Say unto my Soul I am thy Salvation and the Soul speaketh to God Lam. 3.24 thou art my Portion saith my soul and Psal 16.2 O my soul thou hast said unto the Lord thou art my God thus the Covenant is carried on in Soul-Language Now upon this Personal inward Covenanting with God our right to all the priviledges doth depend 2. Renew often the sense of your Obligation to God and keep a constant reckoning how you lay out your selves for him Acts 27.23 His I am and him I serve Phil. 1.21 To me to Live is Christ Some few Renegado's renounce their Baptism but most Christians forget their Baptism 2 Pet. 1.9 He is blind and cannot see afar off and has forgotten that he was washed from his old sins therefore we should be continually exciting our selves both to obedience and dependence that the sincerity of our first Vow and Consent may be verified by a real and constant performance of it 3. You should use frequent self-reflection that you may come to know whether you are indeed washed from the guilt and silth of sin 1 Cor. 6.11 Such were some of you but now ye are sanctified but now ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus and by the spirit of our God You should observe what further sense you have of the pardon of sin how you get ground upon your bondage of Spirit and grow up into some rejoycing of Faith for by these signs God intended our strong consolation Heb. 6.18 And the Eunuch when he was Baptized went his way rejoicing Acts 8.39 Hath God applyed his Covenant to me Taken me into the Family Planted me into the Mystical Body of Christ and shall not I be glad and rejoyce in his Salvation So for Sanctification see whether God's Interest doth prevail in you or the Interest of the Flesh what Power and strength of Will you get against Corruption easily Gal. 5.16 17. whether sin be more subdued and you can govern your Passions and Appetites better Gal. 5.24 They that are Christ's should find something of this in themselves otherwise their Baptism is but an empty formality Fourthly and Lastly You must use it as a great help in all Temptations as when you are tempted to sin either by the delights of Sense a Christian hath his Answer ready I am no Debtor to the Flesh or I am Baptized and dedicated to God in the way of Mortification and Holiness to obtain pardon and Life 1 Cor. 6.15 Shall I take the Members of Christ c. this Soul this Body this Time this Strength is Christs not to please the Flesh but the Lord Or by the terrors of Sense Dionysia comforted her Son Majoricus an African Martyr when he was going to suffer for owning the God-head of Christ with this Speech Memento Fili Baptizatum esse in nomine Patris Filii Spiritus Sancti Remember my Son that thou art Baptized in the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost and be constant So when you are tempted by the Devil taking advantage of your Melancholy and grievous afflictions to question God's Love and Mercy to Penitent Believers Remember the Covenant Sealed in Baptism that you may keep up your Faith in God through Christ which pardoneth all your sins and hath begotten us to a lively hope We must expect to be Tempted the Devil tempted Christ after his Baptism to question his filiation so solemnly attested Compare Mat. 3.17 with Mat. 4.16 Luther saith of himself that when the Devil tempted him to despair or to any doubts and fears about the Love of God or his Mercy to Sinners he would always Answer Ecce ego Baptizatus sum credo in Christum Crucifixum Behold I am Baptized and Believe in Christ Crucified And he telleth us of an Holy Virgin who gave this reply when the Devil abused her Solitudes and injected any despairing thoughts into her mind Baptizata sum I am Baptized and entred into God's Covenant and will expect the pardon of my sins by Jesus Christ Thus should we all the daies of our Life improve our Baptism till we have the full of that Holy and Happy estate for which we were first purified and washed in God's Laver. By what Scriptural Rules may Catechizing be be so managed as that it may become most Vniversally Profitable Serm. XI Proverbs 22.6 Train up or Catechize a Child in the way he should go or in his way and when he is old he will not depart from it THIS most Excellent Book of Sacred Aphorisins or Divine Proverbs is by some not unfitly compared to a costly Chain of Orient Pearls among which though there be a fair Connexion yet there is little or no Coherence I shall therefore immediately enter on the words themselves and in them I observe a Precept and a Promise an important Duty and a perswasive Motive 1. A grand important necessary Duty enjoyned Train up or Catechize a Child in the way he should go In which words we have 1. The Act or Duty prescribed Train up or Catechize Piously and prudently instruct and educate 2. The Object or Person that is to be trained up a Child By a Synechdoche all such Younger ones and Inferiours as are committed to the care and conduct of their Superiours 3. The Subject-matter wherein these Inferiours are thus to be trained up In the way he should go In that way or manner of life which most suits and becomes him that makes most for God's Glory and his own temporal spiritual and eternal good 2. Quo semel est in buta recens servabit odrem testa diu Aâ— plurimum So. Observation 2. A Cogent Argument or prevalent Motive to excite and quicken to the faithful discharge of this important Duty And
any duty in that manner that is suitable and necessary thereunto ought to be laid aside but 5. To these I shall here add the external duties of religion and sacred ordinances to be used in the discharge of the work of the day 1. Is confession of sin a fast day is for atonement and therefore confession of sin is necessary As we read of Ezra when he heard of the sin of the Jews in their making affinity with the people of the Land he rent his garment and sat astonied till the evening sacrifice and made confession of their sin Ezra 9.7 8 9 10. So in Nehem. 9.1 2. we read the Children of Israel were assembled with fasting and they stood and confessed their sins and the iniquities of their Fathers And so Daniel in his solemn fast which he set himself to in the behalf of the Captivity now almost expired he makes an ample confession of sin as we read Dan 9.4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11. And as a fast is an extraordinary duty so confession of sin ought to be more than ordinary in such a day and what may suffice at another time may not be sufficient then It ought to be more extensive with respect to the several kinds and acts of sin with respect to the aggravations of sin and with respect to the persons that are under guilt and with respect to the inward principles of sin in the heart out of which all actual sins do spring As Daniels confession of sin extended to the kinds of it the several aggravations of it and to the persons that were concern'd in it as their Kings Princes Fathers people of the Land those that were near and those that were far off as we find in that chapter And this confession of sin is requisite to the deeper humiliation of the soul to the condemnation of our selves and to the justifying of God whereby he may have the greater glory 2. Is supplication which is the imploring mercy from God either with respect to the pardon of sin committed or the preventing those judgments that are impending or the removing such as are inflicted As we find Daniel in the time of his fasting after his confession made earnest supplications for forgivenesses of sin v. 9. for the turning away God's anger and fury v. 16. for the shining of his face upon his sanctuary v. 17. for the repairing the desolations of their City call'd by his name v. 18. and for the people in general ibid. And therefore fasting and prayer are frequently mentioned together in Scripture Luke 2.37 Acts 10.30 Acts 14.23 24. 1 Cor. 7.5 though prayer in general comprehends confession and thanksgiving in it as well as supplication yet in a stricter acceptation petition for mercy doth most properly express the import of the word and the main matter of the duty And this the King of Nineveh enjoined in the fast appointed by him Jonah 2.8 Let man and beat be covered with sackcloath and cry mightily to God So that supplication and crying to God is another great part of the duty of the day 3. Hearing the word for the word is necessary both for the discovery of sin for our present humiliation and for the discovery of our duty with respect to future reformation both which are necessary to an acceptable fast And the word of the Gospel sets before men a door of hope that their sin may be pardoned and judgment removed It presents God not only as reconcileable but delighting in mercy It sets before men many instances of God's hâ—aring prayer and the prevalency of repentance and humiliation with him And particularly what acceptance solemn fasting hath found with him in several ages And all this mightily tends to the furthering the great duties of the day And it is observed of the fast kept by the children of Israel Nehem. 9.3 that they read in the book of the Law of the Lord their God one fourth part of the day and another fourth part they confessed and worshipped if repentance spiritual mourning and soul humiliation be necessary to the day as I shall shew presently then the hearing the word may be of great use thereunto As when Josiah heard the words of the Law he rent his cloaths and humbled himself 2 Chron. 34.27 and Ahab upon the like occasion humbled himself though not in the like manner and we read how God appointed Jeremiah and Jeremiah Baruch to read the roll that was written from the mouth of God in the ears of the people upon their fasting day Jer. 36.6 and what was the cause of Ninevehs repentance and humiliation was it not Jonah's preaching as our Saviour speaks of it Math. 12.41 They repented at the preaching of Jonah though his preaching was only this yet forty days and Nineveh shall be destroyed The word is effectual through Christ to bring the impenitent to repentance and to renew the exercise of repentance in those that have already repented which is a proper work for a fast day 4. Renewing our Covenant with God which in private fasts is to be done betwixt God and a man 's own soul and in publick fasts by the mouth of the preacher and the peoples consent thereunto And this Covenant is either the general Covenant that we renew or else a particular Covenant with respect to some particular duties that we ingage our selves unto Or else both together As in the publick fast observed by the children of Israel in Nehem. 9. both Princes and Nobles and people renewed their general Covenant to walk in God's Law which was given by Moses the servant of the Lord and particularly they covenanted not to give their Daughters to the people of the Land nor take their Daughters for their Sons as we read Nehemiah Chap. 10. ver 19 20. and the Covenant being written their Princes Levites and Priests did seal to it So if a Church or people have contracted guilt upon themselves by the omitting of some duties or the committing of any sins for which the Lord may have a controversie with them It is a proper work upon a day of fasting to ingage themselves to a reformation by a solemn renewing their Covenant with God And though we have not a particular Instance of this in the New Testament yet the Law of saith that requires men now to take hold of God's Covenant and in all cases to make use of it so in some special cases to renew it also Not that it needs renewing as to the substance or sanction of it on God's part but we are on our part to renew it with God by laying new ingagements and obligations upon our selves to carry it in all things according to the Law of this covenant in the restipulating part of it 5. The next duty of the day is Thanksgiving Though this seems not the proper duty of the day yet is not to be omitted for the due consideration of God's mercy tends to the aggravation of sin and so to make mens confessions and
sanctified to the service and honour of God and so fear among the rest and is then to be exercised when we draw nigh to God especially in the solemn duties of a fast 4. Ingenuous shame Sin is in it self a shameful thing and therefore when it is confessed upon a solemn day it ought to be with shame As Ezra hearing of the sin of Israel after their return from their captivity he sate astonied untill the Evening and then riseth up and rends the mantle and speaks to God O my God I am ashamed and blush to lift up my faee unto thee Ezra 9.5 And to us belongeth confusion of face said Daniel in his fasting Dan. 9.8 Two things cause shame One is to act contrary to our own reason an I the other is to act unsuitably to another's kindness The one is absurd and the other is disingenuous and both may cause shame And there are both these in sin especially when committed with allowance for right reason doth condemn it and it is a high violation of the law of kindness to return evil where we receive all our good 5. Inward purity by which I mean not a total freedom from sin but a freedom from a corrupt end and the secret allowance of sin in our fasting Either of these will spoil the fast 1. A corrupt end As the Pharisees who fasted to appear religious before men And the Jews in Babylon who fasted but did ye fast to me even to me saith the Lord Zach. 7.5 their end was not right 2. A secret allowance of sin this made the Jews fasting of no avail with God Jer. 14.10 They have loved to wander There is their allowance of sin And when they fast I will not hear their cry ver 12. There their fast turns to no account It is said of Ahab he rent his cloaths put on sackcloth and fasted 1 Kings 21.27 But still he kept fast his sin and so not accepted As when the Jews came to enquire of God Ezek. 14. God tells them he well not be enquired of by them And why because they set up Idols in their heart v. 7. so if men come to God by fasting and prayer and have in their hearts an allowance of sin which God the searcher of hearts can know they bring an Idol along with them in their hearts and their prayer and fasting are rejected of him David well knew this when he saith If I regard iniquity in mine heart God will not hear my prayer Though men while they are fasting and praying are not visibly acting sin yet God seeth the aspect of the soul if that be looking towards sin with pleasure and delight as that Hebrew word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 there imports the prayer is rejected Si j'eusse pentè quelque malice c. Or if we read the words as the French Translation I think more properly renders them If I had regarded some wickedness in my heart God would not have heard my prayer the sence is the same to my present purpose 6. Evangelical Faith and Hope in God All our confessions and humiliations and supplications ought to be joined with faith in Christ and hope in God's mercies or else they want the great Ingredients of their acceptableness with God As in Ezra's fast Shechaniah stands up and saith to him we have trespassed against our God and taken strange wives c. Yet there is hope in Israel concerning this thing Ezra 10.2 And to the Lord our God belong mercies and forgivenesses said Daniel in his fasting Dan. 9.9 God's mercy and Christ's merits should bear up our faith and hope while our sin is casting us down with sorrow As Samuel endeavoured to bring the people first to a sense of their sin in their choosing a King and then bears up their faith and hope by telling them God will not forsake his people for his name sake 1 Sam. 22.22 and David while he was confessing his sins of adultery and murther Psal 51. yet stileth God the God of his Salvation ver 14. and whiles he was crying to God out of the depths as he speaks and making his supplication Psal 130.1 2. yet he joins therewith faith and hope in God's mercy ver 4. But there is forgiveness with thee that thou mayest be feared All our duties even our fasting and humiliations ought to be perform'd Evangelically which cannot be except faith and hope do accompany the performance of them 3. I next proceed to speak of the special occasions that call us to this religious fast 1. Is the affliction and distress of the Church When the Jews were in great distress then Esther appointed Mordecai and the Jews to fast Esther 4.16 When the Ammonites and Moabites invaded Judah with a great Army then Jehoshaphat proclaimed a fast 2 Chron. 20.3 When a great famine was upon the land of Israel then said the Prophet Joel ch 1.14 Sanctifie a fast call a solemn assembly And when the Jews were in Babylon then they kept their fast of the 4th 5th 7th and 10th month all the time of their captivity though the several months had respect to some particular calamities that befel them in those months Sympathy and sorrow are naturally exprest by fasting and are spiritually to be exprest with respect to the Churches distress by a Religious fasting 2. Upon the occasion of extraordinary sin If in a particular family it may be a just occasion for a fast in the family if in a particular Church or in a Nation it may be an occasion of a more publick fast As the fast of Ezra chap. 9. and of Nehemiah chap. 9. was upon the occasion of the sin of Israel in making marriages with the people of the Land And Hezekiah rent his clothes and covered himself with sackcloth and went into the house of the Lord upon the occasion of Rabshakehs reproaching and blaspheming God as well as the distress that was upon himself and the people by Senacheribs invasion as we read Isa 37. beginning We should mourn over the dishonour done to God as well as any distress and trouble that may come upon our selves and we read of the Congregation of Israel weeping before the door of the Tabernacle upon the account of the whoredom committed by many of them with the Daughters of Moab and bowing down to their Gods Numbers 25.6 3. For the obtaining some eminent mercy or for success in any great undertakings and enterprizes As Esther Esther 4.11 before she went in to the King to beg for the lives of her People she required her Maidens Mordecai and the Jews to fast And Ezra proclaimed a fast to seek a right way from God for themselves their little ones and all their substance when they were coming out of the Captivity to settle in their own Land Ezra 8.21 When Paul and Barnabas were sent forth to their more publick Ministry certain Prophets fasted and pray'd and laid hands on them and sent them away Act. 13.3 and when they ordained
night and then with her spirit seeks him early Desires blown by meditation are the sparks that set prayer in a light flame The work of preparation may be cast under five heads when we apply to solemn and set prayer 1. The consideration of some attributes in God that are proper to the intended petitions 2. A digestion of some peculiar and special promises that concern the affair 3. Meditation on suitable arguments 4. Ejaculations for assistance 5. An engagement of the heart to a holy frame of reverence and keeping to the point in hand Cypr. de Orat. p. 106. 6. edit Nec quicquam tunc animus quam solum cogitet quod precatur was serious advice from Cyprian let the soul think upon nothing but what it is to pray for and adds that therefore the ministers of old prepared the minds of the people with sursum corda let your hearts be above For how can we expect to be heard of God when we do not hear our selves when the heart does not watch while the tongue utters The tongue must be like the pen of a ready writer Psal 45.1 to set down the good matter which the heart indites take heed of ramblings to preach or tell pious stories while praying to the great and holy God is a branch of irreverence and a careless frame of spirit Heb. 12.28 2. Humble confession of such sins as concern and refer principally to the work in hand Our filthy garments must be taken away when we appear before the Lord that hath chosen Jerusalem Look upon my afflictions Zech. 3.4 Psal 25.18 Psal 39.8.12 Psal 103.3 cries David and forgive all my sins There are certain sins that often relate to afflictions First deliver me from my transgressions then hear my prayer O Lord for this is the heavenly method he first forgiveth all our iniquities and then healeth all our diseases A forgiven soul is a healed soul while a man is sick at heart with the qualms of sin unpardoned it keeps the soul under deliquiums and swooning fits that it cannot cry strongly unto God and therefore in holy groans must discharge himself of particular sins and pour out his soul before God Thus did David in that great penitential Psalm Psal 51.4 Isa 59.2 Ezra 9.6 For sin like a thick cloud hides the face of God that our prayers cannot enter We must blush with Ezra and our faces look red with the flushings of conscience if we expect any smiles of mercy Our crimson sins must dye our confessions and the blood of our sacrifices must sprinkle the horns of the golden altar before we receive an answer of peace from the golden mercy seat When our persons are pardoned our suits are accepted and our petitions crowned with the Olive-branch of peace 3. An arguing and pleading Spirit in prayer This is properly wrestling with God humble yet earnest expostulations about his mind towards us Psal 74.1 Isa 64.9 Why hast thou cast us off for ever why doth thine anger smoke Be not wroth very sore O Lord remember not iniquity for ever see we beseech thee we are thy people If so why is it thus as frighted Rebekah flies out into prayer An arguing frame in prayer cures and appease◠(f) Psal 34.4 Gen. 25.22 Psal 27.4 Psal 22.1 21. Psal 80 4. Jer. 14 8 9. the frights of spirit and then inquires of God The Temple of prayer is call'd the souls inquiring place Why is God so far from the voice of my roaring Thou hast heard me from the horns of the Vnicorns Art thou angry with the prayers of thy people and how long turn us again and cause thy face to shine upon us O hope of Israel why like a wayfaring man like a man astonied O Lord thou art in the midst of us and we are called by thy name leave us not I must refer to Abraham Jacob and Moses Joshuah David and Daniel how they urged arguments with God Sometimes from (a) Ps 5 7. 6 4 31 16. the multitudes of God's mercies from (b) Psal 4.1 6.9 22.4 21. 31. 2 3 7. 140.7 the experience of former answers from the Name of God from (c) Psal 9.10 16.1 their trust and reliance upon him (d) Psal 17.1 from the equity of God (e) Psal 31.17 34.1 from the shame and confusion of face that God will put his people to if not answered and that others will be driven away from God and lastly from (f) Psal 20.5 35 18. the promise of peace These and many like pleadings we find in Scripture for patterns in prayer which being suggested by the spirit kindled from the altar and perfumed with Christ's incense rise up like memorial pillars before the oracle Let 's observe one or two particular prayers what instant arguments holy men have used and pressed in their perplexities 2 Chron. 20.10 c. Jehoshaphat what a working prayer did he make taking pleas from God's Covenant dominion and powerful strength from his gift of the Land of Canaan and driving out the old inhabitants ancient mercies from his Sanctuary and his promise to Solomon from the ingratitude and ill requital of the enemies with an appeal to God's equity in the case and a humble confession of their own impotency and yet that in their anxiety their eyes are sixt upon God You know how gloriously it prevailed when he had set ambushments round about the Court of Heaven v. 8. and the Lord turn'd his arguments into ambushments against the children of Edom c. Yea this is set as an instance (g) Joel 3.2 how God will deal against the Enemies of his Church in the latter days Another is that admirable prayer of the Angel of the Covenant to God for the restauration of Jerusalem Zech. 1.12 wherein he pleads from the length of time and the duration of his indignation for threescore and ten years from promised mercies and the expiration of Prophesies and behold an answer of good and comfortable words from the Lord and pray observe that when arguments in prayer are very cogent upon a sanctified heart such being drawn from the divine attributes from precious promises and sweet experiments of God's former love it 's a rare sign of a prevailing prayer 'T was an ingenious passage of Chrysostom concerning the woman of Canaan Chrys in Mat. 15. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the poor distressed creature was turned an acute Philosopher with Christ and disputed the mercy from him O 't is a blessed thing to attain to this heavenly Philosophy of prayer to argue blessings out of the hand of God Here 's a spacious field I have given but a small prospect where the soul like Jacob does in arenam descendere enter the lists with omnipotency and by holy force obtain the blessing 4. Ardent affections in prayer betokening a heart deeply sensible are greatly prevalent Exod. 14 15. A crying prayer pierces the
afflict affront and troubles us and wo to them that a child of God upon a mature judgment names in prayer I find not that such a prayer in Scripture return'd empty Jacob in a great strait Deliver me from the hand of my brother Gen. 32.11 from the hand of Esau David in the ascent of Mount Olivet O Lord I pray thee turn the counsel of Ahithophel into foolishness 2 Sam 15.31 2 Chron. 20.10 Prayer twisted the rope for him at Giloh Thus Jehoshaphat in his prayer names Ammon Moab and Edom conspiring against him Thus Hezekiah spreads the railing letter before the Lord Isa 37.14 Psal 83.6 c. Act 4 27. Joseph l. 18. c. 9. Euseb Chron. l. 2. p. 159. Eph. 3.14 Luke 17.5 2 Cor. 12.8 and the Psalmist takes them all in a round Catalogue that consulted against Israel Thus the Church in her prayer names Herod-Antipas and Pontius Pilate whereof the first was sent into perpetual banishment and the latter slew himself It 's of great use in prayer to attend to some special case or single request with arguments and affections suitable For this cause says Paul I bow the knee Suppose a grace deficient in its strength Lord increase our faith or a temptation urgent For this I pray'd to the Lord thrice A great reason why we reap so little benefit by prayer because we rest too much in generals and if we have success 't is but dark that often we cannot tell what to make of the issues of prayer Besides to be particular in our petitions would keep the spirit much from wandring when we are intent upon a weighty case and the progress of the soul in grace would manifest its gradual success in prayer 6. Holy and humble appeals before the Lord in secret when the soul can submissively and thankfully expose it self to divine searching about some measures of holiness and grace wrought in the heart Psal 139.23 Tertal de orat p. 213. The soul cannot bide by the presence of God under flashings of defilement neque agnosci poterit à spiritu sancto spiritus inquinatus neither will the holy spirit own a defiled soul But when a person can humbly modestly and reverently say search me and try my reins and if there be any way of wickedness in me lead me in the everlasting way it vvill be the means of the ebullitions and boilings up of joyful affections and meek confidence at the footstool of grace especially in pleas of deliverance from wicked and proud enemies When David can plead in comparison with and in the case stated between his enemies and himself For I am holy Psal 86.2 14 17. It shews him a token for good or when we plead against the assaults of Satan can we be conscious that we have watcht and prayed against entring into temptation When in the main we can wash our hands in Innocency Psal 26 6. Psal 18.20.7.3 we may then comfortably compass God's altar about In case of opposition and injustice He rewarded me says David in the point of Saul according to my righteousness and the cleanness of my hands before him Or about the truth of the love that is in the heart to God Thou that knowest all things John 21.17 Neh. 14.14 22 Isa 38.3 Isa 26.8 says Peter knowest that I love thee As to zeal for the Worship and Ordinances of God so did Nehemiah As to the integrity of a well-spent life so did Hezekiah or if we cannot rise so high yet as the Church did The desire of our soul is to thy name and to the remembrance of thee Or lastly when we can unfeignedly plead the usefulness of a mercy intreated in order to the divine glory As when a minister or the Church of Christ for him prays for such gifts and graces Eph. 6.19 Col. 4 3. such knowledg and utterance that he may win souls to Christ and can appeal that it is his principal aim this is glorious 7. Pray for the spirit that ye may pray in and by the spirit Awaken the North and the South to blow upon thy garden that the spices thereof may flow forth Cant 4.16 Then thou mayest invite Christ Let my beloved come into his garden and eat his pleasant fruits that the soul may enjoy him and hold sweet communion with him All successful prayer is from the breathing of the spirit of God when he inspires and indites when he directs the heart as to matter and governs the tongue as to utteranee 1 Cor. 2.10 Rom. 8.27 Psal 147.18 Ezek. 47.1 Gerson T. 2. K. K. 4. 49. Zech. 12.10 God graciously hears the sighs of his own Spirit formed in us He sent forth his spirit and the waters flow That I may allude the waters of contrition flow upon the breathing of the spirit and the soul is as it were all afloat before the throne of grace when these living waters issue from under the threshold of the sanctuary Sequitur lachrymosa devotio flante spiritu sancto Devout tears drop down from the spirit's influences Melting supplications follow the infusions of grace by the spirit Then they shall mourn for piercing of Christ says the Prophet and be in bitterness as for a first-born like the mourning at the town of Hadadrimmon where Josiah was slain Then (a) 13.1 2 4 14.8 Isa 66.12 Rich. de Sâ—ult p. 321. in that day what inundations of mercy shall refresh the Church when the Lord will extend her peace like a river and the glory of the Gentiles like a flowing stream great things to the Church and gracious things to the soul Inter orationem suspiria cognoscit holy sighs in prayer give intelligence of great mercies to follow Nay to withstand powerfully all the wiles of Satan one means is Eph. 6.18 to consecrate every part of the spiritual armour by prayer in the Spirit 8. Apply special promises to special cases in prayer For God hath and will magnifie his word of promise above all his name Psal 138.2 John 12.28 when we are under the word of command for a duty we must seek for a word of promise and unite them in prayer When a promise of aid suits to the precept it renders prayer victorious and obedience pleasant when we come with God's own words into his presence when we take his words with us that he would take away all iniquity he 'll receive us graciously Hos 14 2. Gen. 32.9 1 Kings 8.24 Jacob urged that God had bid him return from his Country and kinred Solomon urges the word of promise to David Jehoshaphat urges the a 2 Chron. 20.8 9. word of promise to Solomon Daniel fills his mouth (b) Dan. 9.2 3 with the promise given to Jeremiah he reads and then applies it in prayer First search the Bible and look for a promise and when found open it before the Lord. Paul teaches us to take the (c) Heb. 13.5 6. promise given to
appointed this Society only for the mutual comfort of the Members thereof or of the whole and not also for his own glory Patres secundum haec temporalia bona filiorum sortem à servorum conditione distinguerent ad Deum autem colendum omnibus domus suae membris pari dilectione consulerent qued naturalis ordo ita praescripsit ut nomen patrum-familias hinc exortum sit Qui autem veri patres-familias sunt omnibus in f milia sua tanquam filiis ad colendum promerendum Deum consulant Aug. de Civit. Dei lib. 9. cap. 16. even from the whole and doth that houshold Society as such live to God's glory that do not as such serve him and pray unto him Hath God given authority to the one to command and rule and the other a a charge to obey only in reference to worldly things and not at all to spiritual only in things pertaining to the world and in nothing to things pertaining to God Can the comfort of the Creature be God's ultimate end no it is his own glory Is one by authority from God and order of Nature Pater-familiâs the Master of the Family so called in reference to his Servants as well as to his Children because of the care he should take of the Souls of Servants and of their worshipping God with him as vvell as of his Children and should he not improve this power that God hath given him over them all for God and the welfare of all their Souls in calling them jointly to vvorship God and pray unto him Let Reason and Religion judg Proposition 2. God is the OWNER of our Families as such therefore as such they should pray unto him God being our absolute OWNER and Proprietor not only ratione 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 essentiae suae by reason of the supereminency of his Nature sed etiam jure creationis giving us our being and all vve have We our selves and all that is Ours We and Ours being more His than our Own are unquestionably bound to lay out our selves for God vvherein vve might be most useful for our OWNERS interest and glory Besides the title of Creation God is the OWNER of our Families by right of conservation and redemption For hath God a right to and propriety in the persons in a Family or the particular Members of it and not of the vvhole Whose are your Families if not God's OWN Will you disclaim God as your OWNER If you should yet in some sense you are HIS still though not by resignation and wholly devoting of your selves to him Whose vvould you have your Families to be God's OWN or the Devil 's OWN Hath the Devil any title to your Families and shall your Families serve the Devil that hath no title to you neither of Creation Preservation or Redemption and vvill you not serve God that by all this hath a title to you and an absolute full propriety in you If you will say your Families are the Devils then serve him but if you say they are God's then serve him Or will you say we are Gods but we will serve the Devil If you do not say so yet if you do so is it not as bad Why are you not ashamed to do that that you are ashamed to speak out and tell the world what you do Speak then in the fear of God If your Families as such be God's own is it not reasonable that as such you should serve him and pray unto him for do not you expect honour and obedience from your Children because they be your own and work and labour and service from your own Servants because they be your own and whatever you are OWNERS of would you not have it for your Use and will you require these things from yours because they are yours and shall not God require service from His and if he do shall he not have it especially when God's title of Propriety in you is infinitely greater than any title you have to any thing you have or call your own Take heed lest your demands and expectations from yours be not a condemnation of your selves in denying that to God which is his due from you because you are his Proposition 3. God is the Master and Governour of your Families therefore as such they should serve him in praying to him If he be your OWNER he is your Ruler too and doth he not give you Laws to walk by and obey not only as you are particular persons but as you are a combined Society Eph. 5.25 to the end and 6.1 to v. 10. Col. 3.19 to the end and 4.1 Is God then the Master of your Family as such and should not then your Family as such serve him Do not Subjects as such ow obedience to their Governours Mal. 1.6 A Son honoureth his Father and a Servant his Master if I then be a Father where is mine honour and if I be a Master where is my fear Where indeed Not in prayerless ungodly Families 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Anton l. 1. Sect. 17. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Idem Proposition 4. God is the Benefactor of your Families as such therefore as such they should serve God in praying to him and praising of him God doth not do you good and give you mercies only as individual persons but also as a conjunct Society Is not the continuance of the Master of the Family not only a mercy to himself but to the whole Family also if he be not he is not over good Is not the continuance of the Mother Children Servants in life health and being a mercy to the Family that you have an house to dwell together and food to eat together do not you call these Family-mercies and do not these call aloud in your ears and to your consciences to give praises to your bountiful Benefactor together and to pray together for the continuance of these and the grant of more as you shall need them It would be endless to declare how many ways God is a Benefactor to your Families conjunctly and you are shameless if you do not conjunctly praise him for his bounty Such an house is rather a stye for Swine than a dwelling house for rational Creatures May not God call out to such prayerless Families as to them Jer. 2. 31. O generation see ye the word of the Lord Have I been a wilderness to Israel a land of darkness Wherefore say my people we are Lords we will come no more unto thee Hath God been forgetful of you Speak 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Idem ibid. ye ungodly prayerless Families Hath God been forgetful of you No every morsel of bread you eat tells you God doth not forget you every time you see your Table spread and food set on you see God doth not forget you Why then saith God Will not this Family come at ME when you have food to put into your Childrens mouths that they do not cry for bread and you constrained to
to us all if God had spared him her or them if your house had been consumed by flames and God had turned you all out of doors before morning would you not have said It would have been a mercy if God had safely preserved us and our dwellings and caused us to rest and sleep and rise in safety Why Sirs will you not acknowledg mercies to be mercies till God hath taken them away from you and if you do should you not give the praise daily unto God Was it not God himself that watched over you while you did sleep and could not did not watch your selves When you all did sleep you knew not where you were nor what dangers you were exposed unto nor how you might prevent them but God then was good unto you and should you not conjunctly acknowledg this when you do wake and rise and see that God hath kept you and do enjoy the comfort and the benefit of his watchful Providence over you Psal 127.1 Except the Lord keep the City the Watchman waketh but in vain 2. for so he giveth his beloved sleep And as you have had many Family mercies in the night to bless God for in the morning so you have many Family mercies in the day to give thanks to God for at night before you go to bed If you see not cause to acknowledg God's goodness towards you you are blind if you do and have not hearts you are worse Methinks you should not quietly sleep till you have been together on your knees least God should say this Family that hath not acknowledged my mercy to them this day nor given me the glory of those benefits of which to them I gave the comfort shall never see the light of another day nor have the mercies of one day more to bless me for When sleep doth close their eyes so shall death too they shall live no longer and rise no more this night they shall go to their beds and the day or two after shall be carried to their graves I wonder Sirs that you do not dream of an angry God because thus slighted by you I wonder that you do not dream of some sore judgment or other that might overtake you before the Sun doth rise What if God should say unto you when you are laid down in your beds THIS NIGHT your Souls shall be required of you you that went to bed before you had given me the praise of the mercies that I had given unto you all the day and before you had prayed for my protection over you in the night and should send some suddain sickness to make you feel that he is offended with you for this neglect might not God say shall I keep and preserve that Family till the morning that would not so much as ask me so to do and if I do will not acknowledg it to be a mercy or a kindness to them Take heed though God be patient do not provoke him Reason 2. You should pray to God daily in your Families because there are sins committed every day in your Families 2. 2. Ad candem à defectibus nostris excitamur Do you indeed sin together and will you not pray together what if you should be damned all together Doth not every member of your Family commit many sins every day How great is the number then of all when considered or put together What! so many sins every day under your roof within your walls committed against the glorious blessed God and not one Prayer one sin should be lamented with a thousand tears but you have not one tear shed by one and another by another in Prayer together for a thousand sins Is this to repent daily when you do not confess them daily Would you have God to pardon all the sins of your Family say would you or no If you would not God might justly let you go to your Graves and Hell too with the guilt of sin upon your Souls If you would is not pardon worth asking for Would you have it and not beg it at the hands of God would not all judg that man worthy of death that being justly condemned might yet have life for asking for and will not How do you how can you quietly go to your beds and sleep with the guilt of so many sins upon your Souls and have not prayed to have them blotted out What do you take to make you sleep What is your pillow made of that your heads can rest upon it under the weight and load of so much guilt Is indeed your bed so soft or your heart so hard that you can rest and sleep when to all the sins of commission in the day you add this sin of omission in the evening Lay to heart your daily Family sins and you will feel a reason why you should pray to God in your Families daily Reason 3. 3. You should pray in your Families daily unto God 3. Ad eandem plerisque tum cerporaelium tum spiritualium bonorum indigentiis premimur 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quia 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Indiget vir viro sed omnes Deo etiam Hercules 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Homer Od. lib. 8. Omne bonum Dei donum because you have many daily Family wants which none can supply but God God wants not your Prayers but you and yours want God's mercies and if you will have them should you not pray for them Can you supply your Families wants If they want health can you give it them If they want bread can you give it them except God first give it unto you Why then did Christ direct us to pray Give us this day our daily bread If they want grace can you work it in them or do you not care though they die without it Is not God the giver of every good gift Jam. 1.17 Every good and perfect gift is from above and cometh down from the Father of lights Mercies are above and good things are from above and prayer is a means appointed by God to fetch them down Jam. 1.5 If any man want wisdom let him ask it of God Do you think you do not want wisdom to discharge your duties to God and man that you do not want wisdom to manage your family for their temporal spiritual and eternal good If you think so you are fools and if you think you want it not by those very thoughts you may discern your want of it If you think you have enough it is plain that you have none and should you not ask it of God if you would have it If you and yours want health in your Family should you not ask it of God Can you live without dependance upon God or can you say you have no need of God's help to supply your wants then you speak contradictions for to be under wants and not to be dependent beings is a contradiction to think you do not live in dependence upon God is to think you are
〈◊〉 ruler of his own house Kings are Fathers of their own Countries and Fathers are Kings in their own houses in respect of their rule and authority over them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Homer Odys lib. 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Idem Odys 9. Direction II. N c sibi nec aliis utilis Omne animi vitium tanto conspectius in se Crimen habet quanto qui peccat major habetur Juven Sat. 8. 2. That Prayer be managed to the spiritual benefit of the Family the Master thereof should make it his business to be accomplished with gifts and knowledg suitable to the place where God hath set him Ignorance in a Master of a Family renders him uncapable of the discharge of the duties of his place and is worse than in a Child or Servant Such a Family is lik a body that hath a head without eyes It is a shame to see what little knowledg many Governours of Families have in matters of Religion that when they should instruct and catechise their children and servants need to be catechised themselves The Apostle requireth this qualification in Masters of Families that they should be knowing men so some interpret this place 1 Pet. 3.7 as becomes knowing men Naturally men are endued with greater powers to understand than women are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Viri similiteâ— unà versentur ut scientes decet Beza Piscat Quid est stultius quam quia diu non didiceriâ— non discere Omnis aetatis homines schola admittit Tamduâ— dâ—scendum est quamdiu nescias Sen. Epist 76. and a Master of a Family hath had more time to get knowledg than Children and Servants have and if he hath not attain'd to more it is his shame and reproach and renders him more contemptible in the eyes of those that are subjected to him who have not that reverent awe of him and his authority as they would have if authority were accompanied with knowledg study then you Masters the Scripture more and the grounds of Religion more that you might be able to manage this duty to the greater profit of all in your Families Direction III. 3. It is necessary also to this purpose that the Master of the Family instruct each member of his house in the principles of Religion that they may be able to understand the matter of the Prayers that are put up to God For if the Governour have knowledg how to ask and those that kneel down with him know not the meaning of his words though commonly used and plain to them that have been instructed how shall they concur in such requests or confessions or say Amen to what they do not understand Or what spiritual profit can they get When you lament Original Sin which you and they were guilty of and defiled with if they know not what this means nor how they are corrupted even from their birth how shall they in Prayer be humbled for it If you pray that you may be justified sanctified or have the Image of God engraven on your hearts that you may have Faith in Christ repentance for sin be converted c. how shall they joyn with you if they have no knowledg of these things when they are ignorant what is meant by the Image of God by faith repentance conversion c. and what benefit can they have by such Prayers as to their own concurrence with you to make these things their own desire when yet they are the things you must daily beg of God That Prayer then might be performed to their spiritual edification lay first the foundation be knowing your selves and make them so too and Prayer will be more advantageously done to you and them Nisi priùs in nobâ—s ejusmâ—diâ— affectus exsuscitamus quos altorum animis impressos volumus frustrà erit quicquld conamur Bowl past Evang. Direction IV. 4. That Prayer be managed to the spiritual profit of those in the Family the Master of the Family should get his own heart in good frame and get his own affections warmed in the duty Do you come to Prayer with a lively heart and quickned affections your selves your heat might warm them Quod enim minister Ecclesiae est in templo id pius pater-familias esi indomo ille publico docendi munere fungitur hic privatim suam instituit familiam ad pietatem ac hoâ—â—statem dâ—mesticos suos format Gerhard lo. com de Conjug and your earnest importunity might stir them up unto the same let them see you are in good earnest by your fervent praying as becomes men that are begging for such things as the life of their souls the pardon of their sin the favour of God deliverance from hell and for everlasting happiness Whereas if you come to the duty with flat dull and cold affections this will make them so too As you find it with your selves when you are under a dull and lukewarm Preacher you have little workings of affections so your Family will find it under your Prayers if they be such for as a Minister should get lively workings in his own breast of those affections which he would raise in the People so should you in Family duties get those workings of love joy and sorrow for sin which you would desire should be in those that joyn with you for what a Minister is in the Church that you are proportionably in your house Direction V. Orationis Lex ut non aliter quà m eos decet qui ad Dei colloquium in grediuntur mente animóque compositi simuâ— Calv. Inst l. 3. cap. 20. 5. When you are to set actually on the duty prepare your Family by some short advice to carry themselves as becomes those that are going to speak to the great eternal God at least sometimes and the oftner the better Do not rashly rush out of your worldly callings into the presence of the glorious God say to them to this or the like purpose The God we are going to pray unto is a holy just omniscient God that looks into all our hearts that sees and knows the frame of our spirits that will not be mocked and cannot be deceived All we are sinful Creatures that have broke his righteous Laws and thereby have deserved hell and everlasting torments yet this gracious God holds forth his golden Scepter and gives us leave to approach his presence to beg for pardon and for Christ and grace and heaven Our wants are great and many too and yet our mercies are great and many too come then O come let us with a holy fear of God put up our joynt Petitions that God would supply our wants especially of our souls and make joynt confessions of our sins to God with humble broken penitent hearts and joyntly bless him for the mercies we are all partakers of but let us do all as those that would please God while we pray unto him and not by our
Cum isto milite praesens absens ut siâ—s Ter. Eu. present at Prayer absent in mind when present in body God is not pleased with the prostrating of the body when your hearts joyn not in the work Do not so dissemble on your knees with God and man Are you then desiring the mercies prayed for whether pardon of sin strength against sin love to God repentance for sin an interest in Christ and evidences thereof when your minds and thoughts are wandering about other things Which if they do let Conscience call to thee to mind the * Vt vivas igitur vigila HOC AGE Hor. l. 2. Sat. 3. work thou art about for is not this to sin against God when you pretend to be serving of him and to be provoking of him when you should be praying to him to be reconciled unto you and turn away his anger from you Conjunct Prayer should be made with one mouth and with one mind Acts 1.14 They prayed together with one accord * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Qui rectè orare cupit debet necessario in se esse collectus von distractus aut sensibus dissipatus aut vagus Ames Cas Cons 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 est vox musica significat concentum concentus autem à cantu eo differt quod cantus unius sit concentus non nisi plurium hic vero concentum animorum significat Camer prael Verbo Graeco elegans subest metaphora 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 de musico vocum concentu harmonicóque sono dicitur tanquam si diceretur non minùs gratam esse Deo concordem pluriuâ— erationem quà m concentus musicus hominum curibus sit gratus Novar in loc ex Crit. Sac. which word is translated Rom. 15.6 one mind that ye may with one mind and one mouth glorifie God but where your thoughts are wandering in Family Prayer though there be but one mouth there be many minds these persons do not accord in Prayer which is great discord before God There should be a sympathy and agreement of hearts in conjunct Prayer Matth. 16 19. If two of you shall agree on Earth as touching any thing they shall ask A harmony of hearts should be in Prayer the word is borrowed from Musicians when several playing together do make an accord in Musick a consent of many voices in one thence translated to the mind denotes a concent of more hearts in one such Prayers make sweet harmony in the ears of God Keep your minds fixed then else though you do agree to go together into one Room to pray there will not be an agreement of hearts when you pray Direction III. 3. Direct Those that joyn should not only attend but also assent to the matter of the Prayer so far as it is agreeable to the Word of God When the corruption of the heart is acknowledged believe that this is true the misery of an unregenerate state lamented believe it to be true when Grace is prayed for as necessary to your salvation and that you are undone without it believe this as a most certain truth for if these things be spoken by him that prayeth and heard by you that joyn and not believed your hearts will not be humbled when sin is confessed nor earnest after Grace when it is prayed for and so you will lose the benefit of that Prayer Direction IV. 4. Direct Do not only believe these things in Prayer but make particular application thereof unto your selves When original sin is acknowledged think and say in your own hearts Lord this is my condition my heart is thus corrupt loathsom and vile When wants are expressed and supplies begged go along with what is said and apply it particularly to your selves Lord this is my want the want of Christ is my want O that he may be given to me the want of love to God and delight in him is my want O that I might love thee O that I could love thee and so in other things this is my sin and these are my doubts and my fears this is my burden and this is my temptation according as these are insisted on in prayer and this will make the duty to be for your spiritual benefit and profit These are the Directions for them that are to joyn with him that is your mouth to God The Directions more common to all that prayer might be managed to spiritual profit are these following Direction 1. Sciamus non alios ritè probèque se accingere ad orandum nisi quos afficit Dei Majestas Calv. Inst Speculator adstat desuper Qui nâ—s diebus omnibus Actúâ—que nostros prospicit A luce prima in vesperam Hic testis hic est arbit r Hic intuetur quicquid est Humana quod mens concipit Hunc nemo fallit Judicem Aur. Prud. Cathemer Hym. 2. For further direction in this point how you should do all in the Name of Christ see the Serm. on Col. 3.17 1. Direct Get and keep upon all your hearts awful lively impressions of the perfection of that God that you pray unto Take heed of coming with low irreverent unsuitable thoughts of God but conceive of him and believe and work and press it upon your hearts that the God you kneel before is most holy most wise most gracious and merciful most just eternal unchangeable all-sufficient true in his threatnings righteous in his commands faithful in his promises every where present and knowing all things that he observeth all your words and ways and looks into your hearts and thoughts that this God you cannot deceive though you should deceive your selves and one another Consider and believe that this God is present among you and doth know your ends your desires and what you are as well as who you are Then think is this that God that we are to speak unto to kneel before and shall we not so manage this duty that we might please this God and if you do you shall find it shall be for your spiritual benefit Direction 2. 2. Direct Put up your prayers to this great and glorious God in the name of Jesus Christ There is no access for sinners to God but by and through a Mediator You shall reap no benefit by praying except you go in the name of Christ Joseph told his Brethren they should not see his face except they brought Benjamin with them Gen. 43.5 nor we the face of God without Christ Eph. 3 12. Heb. 7.25 Col. 3.17 Heb. 13.15 This praying in the name of Christ doth not consist in the bare mentioning of his Name with our tongues but to pray in obedience to his command in his strength for his Glory trusting his promises resting on his merits expecting audience and acceptance only for his sake Direction 3. Quid odiosius aut etiam Deo magis execrandum putamus hac fictione ubi quis veniam peccatorum postulat interim aut se peccatorem non esse cogitans aut certè peccatorem
esse non cogitans quia Deus ludibrio habetur rogando semper inopiam nostram verè sentiamus ac seriò cogitantes omnibus que petimus nos indigere Generalis quidem confusus necessitatis suae affectus illuc eos ducit sed non cos sollicitat quasi in re praesenti ut egestatis suae le vamen petant Calv. Inst 3. Direct Get and keep upon your hearts a true real lively sense of your sins and wants and mercies Hereby shall every part of prayer confession petition and thanksgiving be more profitably managed and you better disposed for the work you have to do upon your knees Know your sin in the intrinsecal malignity of it the vileness of it in its own nature as it is sin Know it also and understand it as to the dreadful consequents of it in its several kinds acts and aggravations of them Get also a sense of your wants and of the necessity of the things you are to pray for If you want grace know that you want it and are undone without it and pray accordingly Pray as persons that believe you must be damned if you are not sanctified that you must perish if you do not repent and pray as men that do believe it And if you have grace already in truth know how much you want of it in respect of growth that you love God but a little which is your shame and Oh what a blessed thing were it to love him more Pray as those that would get at least one degree of love to God more by every prayer you make Think seriously what a little grace you have 1. to what you may have 2. to what you might have had 3. to what you ought to have 4. to what others have 5. to what you need And that 1. to fight against such strong corruptions 2. to resist such strong temptations 3. to bear such afflictions that might befall you 4. to perform such duties as are required from you 5. that you dye at last with peace comfort and joy Know also your mercies personal to body to soul relative what mercy you have one in another by being made mercies one to another Mercies for this life and the life to come think how many how great how precious how suitable how durable how sufficient how satisfying good God hath given you himself Son Spirit promises priviledges much in hand and more in hope and all undeserved A real abiding sense of these things will make you think and say Why me Lord why me and will wind up your hearts to lively praises too much neglected in Family duties so that you shall find the benefit and sweetness of drawing near to God in prayer Direction 4. 4. Direct Realize invisible things to yourselves Istuc est sapere non quod ante pedes modò est videre sed etiam illa quae futura suâ—t prospicere Ter. Adelph Act. 3. by believing of them as certainly as if you saw them with your eyes When you are going to pray look into the unseen world stand and take a view of departed souls and seriously think what is their state and what they are enjoying or suffering that are already gone into eternity and from thence fetch arguments to quicken your hearts when dull and to be laborious when slothful and lively and fervent in your duty O how would a believing view of souls in Heaven and Hell help you to pray in prayer Suppose then you saw the glorious Saints in Heaven and the happiness they there enjoy in that they shall sin no more and suffer no more and be tempted no more and sigh and sob nor weep nor sorrow any more for ever all sin is expelled from those glorious souls and all tears are wiped from their eyes and now are full of love to God solacing themselves in the perfect perpetual and immediate suition of the chiefest good and then think this is the state that I am hoping for and looking longing waiting for and that now I am going to beg and pray I may be fitted and prepared for and hereafter be possessed of and then pray as becometh such that unfeignedly desire to be partakers of their joy and felicity Again stand and take a view of poor damned Souls and suppose you saw them with your eyes rolling in a lake of burning Brimstone full of the fury of the Lord Suppose you heard their direful execrations their doleful outcries their hideous roarings and bitter lamentations ringing in your ears saying Wo and alas that ever we were born that are come to this place of torment to this place of torment Oh! it is it is a place of torment In scipsos furenter exordescent damnati assiduè sibi ipsis iugubrem hanc caâ—tilenam occinent O tempus rerum omnium preciâ—sissimum O dici O horae plusquam aurcae quò evanuistis aeterium non rediâ—urae nos coeci excordes obstructis oculis auribus libidine furebamus mutuis nosmet exemplis trahebamus ad enteritum post longissima annorum spatia nihil de poenis nostris accisum erit sed iterum quasi ab initio pati tormenta incipiemus aâ—que ilà sine interruptione sine fine sine mâ—do volvetur assiduè nostrorum tormentâ—rum rota ibi erit calor ignis rigor frigoris erunt ibi perpetuae tâ—nebrae eâ—it ibi fumus perpetuae lachrymae erit ibi aspectus terrificus daemonum erit clamor in perpetuum O aeternitas interminabilis O aeternitas nullis temporum spatiis mensurablìs Quam grave est in mollissimo lectu per triginta annos immobilem â—â—cere quid erit in sulphureo isto lacu triginta millia millium annorum ardere O aeternitas aeternitas tu sola ultra omnem modum supplicia damnatorum exaggeras Mor erit sine morte finis erit sine fine defectus sine defectu quia mors semper vivit finis semper incipit defectus deficere nescit Quid gravius quam semper velle quod nunquam erit semper nâ—llo quod nunquam non erit In aeternum damnati non assequenâ—ur quod volunt quod nolunt in aeternum pati cogentur Gerhard Meditat. sparsim Once we had praying time and hearing time but we did not improve it for our good else we had not been now in this extremity of pain no we had not no we had not We did pray but we did but triflle in our prayers and did but dally with that God whom now we find and feel to be to us consuming fire and yet we burn and are not consumed we were not in good earnest in those prayers we were at but now we suffer in good earnest and are damned in good earnest Oh! this place is hot it is hot it is exceeding hot Will not God pity us will not God have mercy on us we once thought he would but we did flatter and deceive our selves and thought it would be well because we lived
pauper te divite quodque inter amicos contingere non potest quomodo in tanta amoris animorum copula contingeâ— Lud. Vives de off mar sick in one anothers sickness The husband must improve all his skill and strength to procure a competence of estate and the wife all hers to help and further it The Reputation of the wife the husband must tender as the apple of his eye and the wife must every way advance the good name of her husband And in short the Holy Ghost hath determined that he that is married careth for the things of the world how he may please his wife and she that is married careth for the things of the world (f) Circa ejus lectum sunt sacra omnia ibi arae ibi Deus ubi pax concordia charitas Deum facilè tibi amicum reddes si hominem reddideris Lud. Viv. de Christ. foem p. 710. how she may please her husband 1 Cor. 7. 33 34. This will bring honour to Religion comfort to their lives and a blessing on all they have This will make them digest all the pains and troubles of that condition seeing they find two to be better than one and do never miss of a sweet and constant (g) Summus autem amicitiae gradus est foedus conjugale Melan. l. c. friend in their bosom Without this care the one will be a perpetual burden to the other and a daily torment When the one is unconcern'd in the others trials when the one gathers and the other scatters when the one blasts the others reputation when one perpetually crosseth and vexeth the other There follows a Hell of disquiet in the mind ordinarily a blast upon the estate besides guilt and shame unspeakable Think therefore often God hath made us One if my wife be sick I am not half well if my husband be poor I cannot be rich if he be discontent how can I be content we 'l laugh and weep together nothing but Death shall separate our Affections or Interests 9. Mutual Prayer Hence the Apostle Peter 1 Pet. 3.7 advises that their Prayers be not hindred which implies that they should pray for and with one another Thus Isaac is said Gen. 25.21 to 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 h Verba fudit magna copia ante è regione ante oculos multiply prayers with or before his wife and it follows how prevalent these prayers were This Common Debt we owe to all much more to them that are so nearly united to us The purest love is written in Prayer This Duty must constantly be done for and frequently with each other No better preservative of real love and peace than praying together There they must bewail their failings in their conjugal Relations the (i) Cum vero non amor procreandae sobolis sed voluâ—tas dominatur in opere commixtionis habeant conjuges etiam de commixione sua quod defleant Lombard l. 4. d. 31. pollutions that cleave to the marriagebed There they should beg the blessing of Children and blessings upon their Children a blessing upon their Estates and especially all spiritual blessings in heavenly things in Christ upon their souls Who knows but that God may touch the heart of the Wife when the husband is pouring out prayers for her Certainly they are in the discharge of their duty to which God hath annexed a promise And it will be the wisdom of them both to espy Fit times for their joynt-Prayers if they cannot keep Pace with Holy Mr. Bolton who prayed twice daily alone twice with his Wife and twice with his Family And herein consider what particular grace or mercy your Relation wants what sin and temptation they are most liable to and press God with an humble importunity in the case till your prayer be answered You owe each other a spiritual as well as as a matrimonial love and if you only eat and drink together what do you more than others do not the Beasts of the field so If your love reach only to the body and the things of this life do not the Publicans the same but if you love one anothers souls and be restless after the salvation thereof you do more than others and your labour shall not be in vain in the Lord. And thus you have heard a plain Breviate of these Common Duties which Husbands and Wives should discharge towards each other I follow now the Order of my Text to declare in the Second place the special Duty of the Husband in this Position namely The great Duty of every Husband is to Love his own Wife This is the foundation of all the rest this must be mixed with all the rest this is the Epitome of all the rest of his Duty And hence this is expresly mentioned four times in this Chapter vers 25 28 33. as being the great wheel which by its motion carries about all the other wheels of the affections that are within us and the actions that are without us Fix but this blessed Habit in the heart and it will teach a man yea it will enforce a man to all that tenderness honour care and kindness that is required of him These are but the beams from that Sun they are but the fruits from that root of real Love that is within Love suffereth long and is kind it envies not is not puffed up seeks not her own is not easily provoked thinketh none evil beareth all things 1 Cor. 13.4 6. It is here as it is in Love to God which you know doth both instruct and thrust a man on to the utmost of his Duty excluding those wary fears wherewith hypocrites abound lest they should do too much Even so Love to a man's Wife suggests all fit expressions thereof and carries a man to perform the highest effects of it when as the want of this causes him to dispute every inch of God's command and to be jealous of every prescription I shall trace this comprehensive Grace or Duty 1. In its nature and property 2. In its Pattern 3. In its effects which done you will see that the greatest part if not all the Husbands Duty is contained in Loving his Wife as himself 1. For the First The Nature and Property of this Love It is Conjugal true aed genuine such as is peculiar to this Relation Not that fondness which is proper in Children nor the brutish lust which is peculiar to Beasts but that which is right and true 1. For the ground of it which is the near Relation which Gods Ordinance hath now brought him into and his will revealed in his Word Such was the Love of Isaac to Rebeka Gen. 24.67 She became his Wife and he loved her The Ordinance of God hath made her (k) Not only by original creation so she is part of his flesh but by nuptial coâ—junction so she is one flesh Gatak Serm. p. 200. One Flesh with me and the Law of Nature obligeth me to love my own flesh
striving could not be removed till it had stifled him Let Children learn hence to take heed of being ungrateful to their Patents for fear of the dreadful consequence thereof Thus we have seen three particulars of Childrens actiue obedience there is yet another which is more passive and that is 4. Submission or subjection to Parental discipline with all lowliness of mind (f) Phil. 2 3. acknowledging their coercive authority and therefore are Children oblig'd with patience to bear their Parents rebukes whether verbal or real considering in charity they design good The ignorance imperfection and corrupt inclinations of Children born in sin require Parents animadversion and the Childrens submission both to their Admonitions and Corrections 1. Their Admonitions when in their watchful inspection they give check unto exorbitant behaviour and lay restraints upon their Children who should indeed stand in great awe of those reproofs and threats which do arise from Parents displeasure When Jonadah's posterity were tempted to act in complaisance with others their Fathers forewarning kept them in awe that they did not violate his appointment (g) Jos 35.6 and so upon doing amiss an ingenuous Child will amend There should be shame upon a Father's frown and discountenance (h) Numb 12.14 yea though Parents should be out in the matter as well as manner and be too quick in their rebukes as it should seem Jacob was with Joseph for his dreams not considering what signal motion of God was in them yet the Children should bear it as Joseph did (i) Gen. 37.10 and as Jonathan did his Father's unkind exprobation (k) 1 Sam. 20.30 c. It is true Jesus took up his Mother in one instance but it was in his Heavenly Father's cause which he was concern'd in as God-man (l) Luke 2.49 Yet in other cases they should not only bear but amend upon admonition as Moses did upon his Father in law's dislike of that task he took upon himself alone (m) Exod. 18.13 17.24 whereas on the other hand Ely's Sons slighted their Father's reproof (n) 1 Sam. 2.25 and such others there are who scorn to be told of their faults (o) Prov. 13.1 though they loose God's favour by it and are accounted fools by him who is never out in his censure when the submiss are prudent going on in the way of life (p) 3.34 35. 15.5 3.23 Many Children are impatient of just restraints in their meats drinks apparel and recreations not considering the advantage of self-denyal and patience learn'd betimes when as others can say experimentally they had been undone if they had not been early curb'd Monica Austin's Mother ‖ Aug. Conf. l. 8. c. 9. having in her minority been educated to temperance when growing up and getting from under that severer tuition by the insinuation of a jocund companion was drawn to drink her whole draughts till upon the upbraiding of her associate she reform'd her self and observ'd her former rules of temperance Reverend Mr. Greenham used to say Be most moderate in those things which thine appetite liketh best and check thy too much greediness of them And another said well †Citante Steph. Guazi de civili convers p. 376. maluisse se infirmum quam delicatum esse c. That he had rather be infirm than delicate sith weakness only can hurt the body alone but delicacies may at once corrupt both body and mind and more than that may also render any one unjust by reason they make him covetous to get that which may maintain them and also dull and regardless of the Word of God and the service of his friends and country I have in my own observation seen Children prove well who have submitted to the prudent restraints and admonitions of their watchful Parents and Guides as to these things and others ruin'd who when they have been told of their faults have swell'd and rag'd against those that have lov'd them best yea in a most unchristian manner So necessary it is to submit to Parents admonitions So also to 2. Their corrections or real chastisements whether by stripes or other punishments inflicted sith we should imagine Parents come to this sharp and unpleasant work out of a principle of love (q) Prov. 13.24 with an aim at their Childrens good (r) 22.15 and it is look'd upon in Scripture a Rul'd Case that reverence with submission is paid to the Parents of our flesh (s) Hebr. 12.9 when under their rod which we are to bear and upon the feeling of it to amend what is amiss as some kind of satisfaction (t) Prov. 29.17 whereas disdain and stubbornness spoils all and if it be persisted in may sometimes occasion Parents to call in the posse magistratus (u) Deut. 21.18 19 c. The Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the Epistle to the Hebrews translated We gave them reverence doth import that we Children when faulty under our Fathers frowns and stripes turn'd our faces with shame and blushing at our unworthy acts not able to look them in the face as the Prodigal upon his return (w) Luke 15.21 with Tit. 2.8 which accords as some have noted ‖ Laws on Hebr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to the Hebrew word which is in this case to submit with humility to them in this Relation Because though we cannot bear that others should beat and scourge us yet our Parents as having power upon a just cause to punish by vertue of their Superiority and our dependence upon them whose end is or should be their Childrens reformation and therefore is in mercy to prevent further sin and misery in complyance with God's command they correct their ofspring to save it from hell though many an inconsiderate Child may at present conceive the Father correcting to be a severe Judge when as to intended amendment he is indeed a loving Father So that though it seem to be jarring and harsh musick disagreeable to the faulty Patient yet it will sound sweeter to the judicious ear than the melody of a luscious and disorderly indulgence Ingenuous Children have acknowledg'd the benefit of Paternal correction especially after they have sought to God by Prayer that God would sanctifie the rod to their good That was a good practical answer of one of Zeno's Scholars Citante Steph. Gua2zi de civil Convers who to his Father asking what wisdom he had learned by being so long abroad said He was able to shew it at any time which he did to the purpose not long after when his Father chastising him with strokes he took it quietly and patiently shewing that he could sustain the displeasure of his Parent without any untoward reparties In short Children should in all these duties deport themselves with piety toward their Parents being in that relation they bear the image of God as Creator Upholder and Governour of the World So that resistance yea surly and rude replies are a
shall 1. speak to the office and then 2. a little to the enforcement of it here 1. Concerning the office we may by an affection of a Trope so expound the provocation in my Text forbidden Christian Parents 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that in a short manner of speech the Negative doth emphatically intend more than is express'd as including the Positive wherein the office of Parents provident care and well treating of their Children being of great weight and extent is connoted to us 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The charge which the Apostle gives here to all the Fathers of our flesh from the Father of mercies according to the original word is not to irritate their Children which is somewhat different from the prohibition to the Ephesians (c) Eph. 6.4 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 provoke not your Children to wrath this in my Text seeming to deny more generally So that he allows not of any kind of abuse of the paternal authority which may justly irritate or provoke the passions of Children an ill effect produced in their hearts and proceeding from any male-administration of the Father's power which in rigor is more apt to exceed its bounds than the Mothers either in substracting a fit allowance for nourishment and nurture not a usual fault which yet the Apostle taxeth (d) 1 Tim. 5.8 and Quintilian complain'd of * Lib. 1. c. 2. or loading them with impious (e) Mat. 14 8. and inhumane commands (f) 1 Sam 20.31 without necessity compelling to sordid and servile works not fit for ingenuous Children but slaves or treating them for not just hitting their humour with contumelious words (g) 30. pouring forth curses out of that mouth that should bless sith the name of Father breathes sweetness and benignity bitter words and the language of a barbarous enemy will be apt to exasperate when upon any little enormities a Father shews himself morose and sharp it may be beating his Children to gratifie his own lust and rage or inflicting other penalties no way proportion'd to the fault if any (h) 33. compar'd with Deut. 25 1 2. chastening not with the rod of men or the stripes of the children of men i. e. not in a humane way with gentleness and moderation (i) 2 Sam. 7.14 or by imperiousness for some self-respects as wordlings impose upon their Children in the great concern of changing their condition c. be sure it is contrary to the prohibition which imports that the Parents conduct should be moderated betwixt the extremes of an unwarrantable indulgence and rigor that it may tend to their Childrens benefit and their own satisfaction They should so deport themselves in this good government that their Children may both love and honour their presence not being too fond lest their Children should not fear them nor too stern lest they should fear them too much The moving Principle to be premis'd which influenceth Parents and enclineth them effectually to exert a provident care in all the branches of it is an imbred natural affection of love which did act Abraham (k) Gen. 22.2 Isaac and Rebekah (l) 25.28 in the Old Testament and is called forth in the New m (n) Tit. 2.3 Rom. 1.31 as the fundamental requisite to sway Parents in the exercise of their authority and a due performance of their Relative office in all the severals of it so that they may indeed adorn the Gospel Out of this inward Principle arise Dues from Parents to their Children more general viz. 1. Prayer and 2. Good Behaviour and more particular with respect to the 1. Birth 2. Nourishment 3. Education 4. Disposal and 5. Maintenance of their Children and 6. their own departure from them all according to the dictates of humane and Christian prudence 1. The more general and previous duties wherein Parents are concern'd for the sake of their Children as well as themselves are Prayer and good Behaviour which give success to all the following particular ones respectively and without which they will not be well discharg'd so as they should be by a Christian Parent who is oblig'd to rule his own house well having his Children in subjection with all honesty or as we render it with all gravity (n) 1 Tim. 3.4 5. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 I know not well how to omit yet can but touch on these 1 Prayer Parents are to make their requests known to God without ceasing (o) 1 Thes 5.17 upon all occasions for all things throughout the whole course of their Childrens lives they are concern'd to be daily Orators at the Throne of grace that God would make their Children his Children and confer upon them all temporal and spiritual blessings this is requisite to the having of Children and the having of them good 'T is a mercy to have them as Isaac Hannah and others had (p) Gen 25.21 1 Sam. 1 10. as a return to prayer which is also a means to have them good (q) Gen. 17.18 20. 1 Chron. 22.12 29.19 Ps 72 per. totu◠sith the sincere Parent 's prayer may reach his Child in every particle of its life in the womb as Rebekah did hers (r) Gen 25.22 and in the world at the ingress with Zachariah's (s) Luke 1.64 progress with Job's (t) Job 1.5 and egress with David's who made his petition more fervent with fasting (u) 2 Sam. 12.16 and when the Parent is leaving his Children as Isaac (w) Gen. 27.4 all which shew the benefit of paternal requests for the fruit of their bodies Monica Augustin's Mother was very earnest frequent and pathetical in her addresses to God for her Husband and Son and she had gracious returns for both How wicked then are those Parents who follow their Children yea without provocation too with imprecations and direful curses instead of prayers 2. Good Behaviour before God and man in love to their Children To follow prayer in upright walking is the best course Parents can take to entail a blessing upon their Children and make them good indeed The seed of the just or merciful man who walketh in his integrity shall be blessed after him (x) Prov. 20.7 3.22 The generation of the righteous have certainly the surest Deed of entail for inheriting of blessings that can be made (y) Psal 112.2 Deut. 5.29 4.8 9. sith God hath given promises thereof unto gracious persons who really walk with him and before him according to his holy statutes (z) Gen. 17.1 7. Acts 2.39 1 Kings 11 12. 'T is the Lord's usual way to confer his favours in this channel so that Parents are concern'd to carry themselves well upon this account And what ifluence their good behaviour hath on their Children as they set fair patterns to them may be touch'd on afterwards I hasten to speak to 2. The more particular duties of Parents with their several respects as 1. To the birth of the Child whiles it
and soul Is that man fit to govern another that can't rule himself Is he that hath drowned his reason capable of instructing one that which requires some vvisdom to understand and learn and more to teach Are not Sots that can't speak sense in a sweet frame to speak to God in Prayer or to read a Chapter What have such to do to take God's name into their mouths which hate to be reformed O that wicked Masters would consider that their wickedness doth not only hazzard the damnation of a single soul but even of all that are under their charge Is it not enough to have your own sins to be lay'd to your charge are all your oaths and lyes and wickedness too little to sink you but you must make your Servants sins yours Is one damnation too little but you must seek to double it Are those flames so cool and tolerable that you are busie in adding fuel to that terrible fire to make it burn seven times hotter What a hell must such a mans house be in which the Name of God is scarce heard except it be in an oath or a curse Is there a blessing like to be in the house on which God's curse rests Friends I believe you would be loth your children should have Cham's curse and be servants to a Tyrant and a Slave Prov. 3.33 Pythagoras a wicked man is both Masters if you would have your servants obey your commands you must not break God's If you would have them sober you must not be drunk if you would have them chast you must not be filthy if you would have them true you must not be false if you would have them good you must not be bad your selves Your example signifieth more to them than your precept do not undo that by your actions and life which you would build up by your words O! little do wicked Masters think what a plague they are to a City what a curse to a Family and what inevitable ruin they expose their own and other souls bodies and estates to except infinite power and mercy step in quickly to prevent it Secondly Take heed of idleness carelessness and trusting your Servants too much A master's negligence tempts the Servant to unfaithfulness When Masters are idle abroad usually the Servants are so at home It can't well be expected that when the Master is spending his time foolishly and unaccountably in the Coffee-houses Ale-houses or Taverns the Servant should spend his wisely in the Shop especially where he observes that the Master never minds which end goes foremost never examines his Books nor calls him to any account O this sin of idleness that Sodomitical soul-debasing body-weakning Ez. 16.49 estate-wasting sin Have we a mind to try whether God will rain such another storm of brimstone upon us as once he did upon them Seneca O how many persons are very prodigal of that commodity which will shortly be very precious Sirs do you never take a Bible in your hands do you never read how much God is displeased with sloth how oft he forbids it Rom. 12.11 Prov. 18.19 Can you call your spending three or four hours together in an idle house in insignificant chat redeeming the time Is neglecting your Servants the way to make them faithful O think of these things before it is too late I know men have their excuses and can easily evade what I say But believe it it is one thing to deal with a poor Minister and another thing to deal with God and a thousand of your pleas when they are cast into his ballance at the Day of Judgment will be found light If men must be judged for idle words I believe they will scarce be acquitted for idle actions I wish we that are Masters could oft speak to our selves in that brave Emperor's language Antoninus l. 5. n. 1. In the morning when thou findest thy self unwilling to rise consider with thy self presently it is to go about a man's work that I am stirred up am I unwilling to do that for which I was born and brought into this world was I made for this to lay me down and make much of my self in a warm bed O but this is pleasing And was it for this that thou wert born that thou mightest take thy pleasure Was it not in truth that thou shouldest alwayes be busie and in action Seest thou not how every thing is busie in its kind to perform what belongs to it in its place c. and you use to say If you keep the shop the shop will keep you If you keep not your eye upon your servant when you hope to find an honest man you may meet a thief Thirdly Take heed who you admit into your Family One that is born of wicked debauched Parents and hath had nothing but bad examples and seldom good precepts that hath been accustomed to lying and baseness from the Cradle that hath not been taught to read and knows neither his duty to God nor man that is ignorant of God Christ Soul Heaven Hell and consequently is not capable of lying under the force of the most powerful motives to faithfulness Psal 101 3. David was huge cautious in this point a lyer should not dwell in his house As good servants bring a blessing along with them into the Families where they come Gen. 39 5. so sometimes wicked servants bring a curse with them into the house where they come Little do Masters think how much dammage a neglect in this may bring upon them their estate may insensibly be wasted their other Servants infected their Children be corrupted and provisions laid in to feed their sorrows all their days Never talk of what thou shalt have with them how responsable their Parents be will this ballance the hazard of your Childrens Souls Sooner take a toad into your bosome then a wicked servant into your Family Fourthly Take heed of putting your Servants upon too much work It 's the way to alienate their affections to make them almost uncapable of doing their duty as they should to God it puts them upon cryes and groans to him Exod. 2.24 that hath ever an ear open to the complaints of the oppessed by this you make them more blockish and less ingenuous and consequently not so fit to carry on your business so much for your interest as else they might do remember how contrary this is to humanity How would you like this in others Were the Egyptians to be justified for their great burdens wherewith they loaded the Israelites and the Turks to be commended for the hard vassalage they put poor Christians to I know you readily censure both these and how can you condemn either when you imitate both Is your sin less because against greater light except you desire the curse of God and man too take heed of this sin You may learn more mercy from an Heathen than you ever practised For he tells you Seneca
contract a pollution by the bare apprehension than the eye doth by the reception of the species of a loathsom object Thoughts are morally evil when they have a bad principle want a due end and converse with the object in a wrong manner Angels cannot but understand the offence which displaced the Apostate Stars from heaven but they know not sin cognitione practicâ Glorified Saints may consider their former sins to enhance their admirations of pardoning mercy Christ himself must needs understand the matter of the Devils temptation yet Satan's suggestions to his thoughts were as the vapors of a jakes mixed with the Sun-beams without a defilement of them Yea God himself who is infinite purity knows the Object of his own acts which are conversant about sin as his holiness in forbidding it wisdom in permitting mercy in pardoning and justice in punishing But thoughts of sin in Christ Angels and glorified Saints are accompanied with an abhorrency of it without any combustible matter in them to be kindled by it As our thoughts of a divine object are not gracious unless we love and delight in it so a bare apprehension of sin is not positively criminal unless we delight in the object apprehended As a sinful Object doth not render our thoughts evil so a divine object doth not render them good because we may think of it with undue circumstances as unseasonably coldly c. And thus there is an imperfection in the best thought a regenerate man hath for though I will suppose he may have a sudden ejaculation without the mixture of any positive impurity and a simple apprehension of sin with a detestation of it yet there is a defect in each of them because 't is not with that raised affection to God or intense abhorrency of sin as is due from us to such objects and whereof we were capable in our primitive state 2. Positively Our thoughts may be branched into first motions or such that are more voluntary 1. First motions Those unfleched thoughts and single threads before a multitude of them come to be twisted and woven into a discourse such as skip up from our natural corruption and sink down again as fish in a river These are sins though we consent not to them because though they are without our will they are not against our nature but spring from an inordinate frame of a different hue from what God implanted in us How can the first sprouts be good if the root be evil Not only the thought formed but the very formation or first imagination is evil Voluntariness is not necessary to the essence of a sin though it be to the aggravation of it 'T is not my Will or Knowledg Gen. 19.33 35 which doth make an act sinful but God's prohibition Lot's incest was not ushered by any deliberate consent of his Will yet who will deny it to be a sin since he should have exercised a severer command over himself than to be overtaken with drunkenness which was the occasion of it Original sin is not effectivè voluntary in infants because no act of the will is exerted in an infant about it Yet it is voluntary subjectivè because it doth inhaerere voluntati These motions may be said to be voluntary negatively because the Will doth not set bounds to them and exercise that soveraign dominion over the operations of the soul which it ought to do and wherewith it was at it's first creation invested Besides though the Will doth not immediately consent to them yet it consents to the occasions which administer such motions and therefore according to the rule that causa causae est causa causati may be justly charged upon our score 2. Voluntary thoughts which are the blossoms of these motions Such that have no lawful object no right end not governed by reason eccentrick disorderly in their motions and like the jarring strings of an untun'd Instrument The meanest of these floating phancies are sins because we act not in the production of them as rational creatures and what we do without reason we do against the law of our creation which appointed reason for our guide and the understanding to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the governing power in our souls These may be reduced to three heads 1. In regard of God 2. Of our selves 3. Of others I. In regard of God 1. Cold thoughts of God When no affection is raised in us by them When we delight not in God the object of those thoughts but in the thought it self and operation of our mind about Him consisting of some quaint notion of God of our own conceiving This is to delight in the act or manner of thinking not in the object thought of And thus these thoughts have a folly and vanity in them They are also sinful in a regenerate man in respect of the faintness of the understanding not acting with that vigor and spriteliness nor with those raised and spiritual affections which the worth of such an object doth require 2. Debasing Conceptions unworthy of God Such are called in the Heathen Vain Imaginations * Rom. 1.21 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 their reasonings about God who as they glorified not God as God so they did not think of God as God according to the dignity of a Deity Such a mental Idolatry may be found in us when we dress up a God according to our own humors humanize Him and ascribe to Him what is grateful to us though never so base †Psal 50.21 Thou thoughtest that I was altogether sach an one as thy sel◠Exod. 15.11 Isai 6.3 Psal 89.35 Which is a grosser degrading of the Deity than any representation of him by material Images because it is directly against his Holiness which is His glory applauded chiefly by the Angels and an attribute which He swears by as having the greatest regard to the honour of it Such an imagination Adam seemed to have conceiting God to be so mean a being that he a creature not of a daies standing could mount to an equality of knowledg with Him 3. Accusing thoughts of God Either of his mercy as in despair or of his Justice as too severe as in Cain ‖ Gen. 4 13. Of His providence Adam conceited yea and charged God's providence to be an occasion of his crime * Gen. 3 12. The woman whom thou gavest to be with me His posterity are no juster to God when they accuse Him as a negligent Governour of the world Psal 94.11 The Lord knoweth the thoughts of man that they are vanity What thoughts Injurious thoughts of His providence v. 7. as though God were ignorant of men's actions or at best but an idle Spectator of all the unrighteousness done in the world not to regard it though He did see it And they in the Prophet were of the same stamp That said in their hearts the Lord will not do good neither will He do evil From such kind of thoughts most of the Injuries from
the neglect of them as proceeding from licentiousness what saith the Apostle Who art thou that judgest another man's Servant verse 4. And But why dost thou judg or set at naught thy Brother For we must all stand before the Judgment-seat of Christ verse 10. As if he had said thou dost set thy self in the Throne of God and thou dost take God's work out of his hands 2. This is a manifest breach of the Laws of God and of Christ The things as I said before which thou dost censure and reproach another for are often-times doubtful and liable to dispute but the Command of God against this sinful practice is evident and without controversie He whom thou censurest possibly may sin but thou that dost reproach him certainly dost sin and that against clear Light and so thou dost put thy self into the Number of those that rebel against the Light which is mentioned as a great aggravation of sin Job 24.13 The Law of God hath so evidently forbidden this sin that if thy Conscience doth not smite thee for it if thou canst go on quietly in this sin it is a sign thou art in a deep sleep if not dead in Trespasses and sins That this practice is so great a breach of the Laws of God and of Christ will appear by these particulars 1. It is against particular and express Scriptures forbidding this practice The Text is evident it is not like some places of Scripture which are hard to be understood and soon wrested but it is so plain that he that runs may read it none shall dwell in God's holy Hill that allow themselves in this practice Again Exod. 23.1 Thou shalt not raise a false Report against thy Brother A false Report either that which thou knowest to be false then thou art guilty of Forgery or that which in the Issue shall be found to be false in which case thou art guilty of rashness and uncharitableness In the Hebrew it is a vain Report a report that wants the solidity of a through information and of real use to thy Neighbour Jam. 4.11 Speak not evil of another for he that speaketh evil of his Brother and judgeth his Brother speaketh evil of the Law and judgeth the Law and so in the grossest sense is an Antinomian Tit. 3.2 Ministers must put people in mind to speak evil of no man 2. This is against the fundamental Law of Love and Charity which is the chief of the Laws of God so great a Law that the rest of the Laws of God must give place to it Sacrifice Sabbaths The Worship and Service of God must frequently give place unto this duty of Mercy and Charity to men by which you may see as how great a duty this is so how great a sin the violation of this command is God accepts no man's person he regards no Service where this is wanting Though men pretend or express never so much love to God though they do or suffer never so much for him yet if they have not Charity it prositeth nothing 1 Cor. 13.3 and 1 Joh. 3.10 In this the Children of God are manifest and the Children of the Devil whosoever doth not righteousness is not of God neither he that loveth not his Brother 1 Joh. 4.20 If a man say I love God and hateth his Brother he is a Lyar for he that loveth not his Brother whom he hath seen how can he love God whom he hath not seen But possibly some may ask who then is my Brother to the love of whom I am thus obliged Possibly he is one of my own party and Religion and such I do love No every man is thy Brother in this sense and the object of thy Love 'T is true good men are the principal objects of thy Love but not the only objects of it the commands of the Gospel in this matter are general 1 Pet. 2.17 Honour all men love the Brother-hood that is Love them in a more eminent degree Gal. 6.10 As we have opportunity let us do good to all men especially to the Houshold of Faith But now all Persons yea even those that censure and reproach others will pretend they love them but be not deceived if thou dost sincerely love thy Neighbour thou wilt be ready to do all good Offices for him to seek his Good to maintain his Credit to Interpret all things in the best sense to cover his failings 1 Pet. 4.8 Charity will cover a multitude of sins Didst thou love thy Neighbour thou wouldst not be so apt to censure him so greedy to hear nor so ready to believe evil reports concerning him When God shall come at the last day to try men's Love to their Brethren by the Rules and Characters of it which he did prescribe in the first Epistle to the Corinthians 13th Chapter I doubt multitudes of Persons will be found deeply guilty that thought themselves in a manner wholly Innocent You should do well to study that Chapter and to labour throughly to understand it and that I commend to you as an excellent Antidote against this wicked practice 2. This is a sin against that great and Royal Law of Christ which even the Heathens have admired and the Emperour Severus did so highly applaud Mat. 7.12 Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you do ye even so to them for this is the Law and the Prophets Now let your own Consciences answer the Question would you be thus dealt with by others Would you have all your Infirmities sharply censured Your secret miscarriages published to the World The whole course of your Lives ript up and all your actions severely examined No no they that are so forward to censure the real or supposed miscarriages of others would have their own more tenderly dealt with And generally those that are most severe Judges of others are most partial to themselves they that will most freely defame other men will not endure to be reproved and admonished themselves They that will turn the edge of the Sword to others would have the back only turned to themselves 3. It is sin against the great Law of maintaining Peace amongst men This is prescribed as a remedy against this very sin Rom. 14.9 Let us therefore follow after the things that make for Peace and things wherewith we may Edifie one another Heb. 12.4 Follow Peace with all men Rom. 12.18 If it be possible as much as lyeth in you live peaceably with all men He saith indeed if it be possible because in some cases it is impossible to have peace with wicked men without the neglect of our Duty and without the loss of Truth and Holiness but as far as it is possible we are obliged to promote it But what Peace can there be in the midst of Censures and Reproaches The Natural Off-spring of such Parents are Contentions Divisions Animosities while Peace lyes bleeding and languishing 4. It is against that great Command laid upon all Christians of excelling other men Christ
faithless confidence a fond credulous presumption arising from a groundless over easie perswasion of the mercy of God towards us this kind of Presumption may be joyn'd vvith some sense and conviction of sin and the dangerous consequence of it but presently salves all vvith the general air and breath of a Promise misconstrued and misapplied The Mistakes are these 1. This is more Fancy than Faith or Hope 'T is a vain imagination that deludes men into a belief and expectation of that vvhich they are in no likelihood of in no capacity for they promise themselves vvhat God hath never promised cry peace peace vvhen God hath not spoken peace 2. Such an one doth not rightly distinguish between the vvorkings of natural affection towards any good propounded and the rational actings of Hope for the obtaining of it in a probable or certain vvay in the use of due and proper means Heaven glory and eternal Life are good vvords and better things at the first mention of them vve naturally desire them and vvish for them but shall vve be carried away vvith a meer sound of vvords must vve needs have all vve hear of vve shall quickly bring our selves into a fools Paradise this vvay dreaming vve eat and yet awake an hungry there is more ado than so to inherit the Promises vve must prove our title first the Promises give us an interest in Heaven but 't is Christ that gives us an interest in the Promises he opens the mouth of a Promise to speak comfort to us in him they are all Yea and Amen but out of him they all cry no no vve have nothing for you vvho are out of Christ they vvill deny all the vvorld that come not in his Name and never let out any thing of their treasure to such no vvringing out of one drop of solid comfort The bare History or outward Relation of the Mercy of God in the letter of the Word gives us no interest in the things promised the carnal Jews as Paul observes had the Promises and boasted of them but got little by them Christ is the door of every Promise let us not think to make a forceable entry to climb up at the vvindows like Theives to steal out mercy as if vve cared not how vve came by it you vvill find vvhat is so gotten vvill thrive accordingly and quickly come to nothing What I drive at is this 't is not the report of the vvorth or amiableness of a thing but an apprehension of the possibility of it as to us that causes hope till vve are clear in this our hope cannot act rationally if it have no other ground besides our own desires and natural inclinations raised and kindled in us by the specious appearance and ravishing beauty of some taking objects this argues rather vvhat vve vvould have than any likelyhood of obtaining of our vvishes vvhich is of the very essence of hope earnest desires are very apt to run out into a forward presuming hope vve know not vvell vvhy or vvherefore Quae volumus facile credimus 3. Another mistake in this fond credulous presumption is that it takes up promises in its own sense and not in the true sense and meaning of God So the Jews John 8.33 cryed they were Abrahams seed c. and the Promise run in these very words to Abraham and his seed therefore who but they must be included in it but it was the Spiritual seed that God meant not that after the flesh they are not all Israel which are of Israel Rom. 9.6 No sayes Christ you are the Children of the Devil of your Father the Devil John 8.44 and they took up stones and threw at him ver 59. being not able to bear any contradiction to their false hopes So when we read those Promises of salvation to those that come to Christ believe in him call upon his Name we must not understand them as if a bare form of Godliness and crying Lord have mercy upon us would bring us to heaven No My brethren the Mystery of Religion lies deeper than so 't is the labour of the heart that requires the greatest diligence intention and seriousness imaginable strong workings within great agonies and contentions of Spirit in our dealings with God in any duty The life of our Worship does consist in these inward spiritual motions of the Soul towards God This is that coming that believing that praying to which Salvation is promised The grace of Hope enquires after the Secrets of the Covenant the real intent and mind of God in every Promise prayes for a right understanding of all particulars Open my eyes that I may see the wonders of thy Law Psal 119.18 Besides the true meaning of a Promise a Child of God is very solicitous to know whether God do indeed mean him and speak to him and offer those pearls to him whether he be a person rightly qualified and under all those due circumstances that belong to persons entertaining such an hope 't is a great comfort and satisfaction to a Believer when God does own his hope and encourage him in it by some sensible demonstrations of his undoubted interest in such and such Promises he hears God saying to him take eat this is thy portion purchased by Christ for thee thou art my Child and this is childrens bread it belongeth to thee While we are musing and praying over a promise God does sometimes feed us out of that promise himself and with his own hand puts many a sweet morsel into our mouths O this is overcoming kindness this is a double a treble welcome to have such fare and the Master of the Feast standing by and looking on and carving to us himself and crying out as it is Cant. 5.1 Eat O my friends drink yea drink abundantly O beloved When we have shut our Bibles and have done with a promise and are setting down the Cup of Salvation out of our hands God many times makes us to mend our draught and go deeper than ever we did drink yea drink abundantly O beloved But presumption is a bold guest thrusts in uninvited catches at this and that in a rude manner The word Presumption notes a taking before-hand before 't is offer'd before 't is due before he is called he runs away with a promise puts his own sense upon it and deludes himself with vain hopes from it and when the King comes to review his Guests shall be cast out into outer darkness Mat. 22.11 12 13. 4. Another errour or mistake in presumption is that it picks and chuses out some Promises and rejects others the priviledges of the Saints it catcheth at freedom from condemnation eternal life and glory but the Promises of Grace Sanctification and Holiness it minds not it hopes to see God without Holiness and to go to Heaven as well as the best it is more for the wages than for the work But the grace of Hope fastens upon every Promise gathers honey out of every flower
grain of mustard-seed it will remove mountains 't is not imaginable what great things a little grace will do when stirr'd up and acted the strength of God is in it out of the mouths of babes and sucklings he ordains strength Psal 8.12 The smallest degree of true grace is able to secure it self against the gates of hell at least so far as to prevent a total overthrow Nay let me say further though with submission I am perswaded that never any child of God fell before a temptation under the actual exercise of that measure of grace be it more or less that God hath given him to withstand it I do not Arminianize upon facienti quod in se est c. I speak not of the power of nature but true grace acted to the highest degree of attainment 't is that which does great things and hath the blessing he that is faithful in a little shall be ruler over much but if the good man slumber and sleep no wonder if the enemy break in upon him when we are putting forth our selves to the utmost in any conflicts with Satan God with the temptation will find out a way of escape that we may be able to bear it 1 Cor. 10.13 in that very hour it shall be given Mark 13.11 Mat. 10.19 when we seem to be surpriz'd and over-matched by a temptation God will come in with more strength and out of weakness we shall become strong Heb. 11.34 thus little David overcomes great Goliah with a sling and a stone the Devil himself flyes from the Children of God when they resist him in the strength of that grace they have to him that hath shall be given the weak shall be as David and David as God vel as the Angel of God Many times weak Christians don't put forth that strength which they have would they but lift up the hands that hang down and the feeble knees Heb. 12.12 their spirits would return and their courage would increase and something might be done but alas they give way to their fears and despairing thoughts lye flat upon the ground and give up all for lost they don't attend to the actings of their hope whilest it goes by another name all is despair as good never a whit as never the better 't is to no purpose for them to do any thing they are past recovery undone for ever O my brethren don't give the Devil such an advantage against you but set your selves to act that grace you have be it never so little look among the ashes blow up the least sparks you see you don't know how soon it may break out into a flame and remember this that repeated acts of weak grace are equivalent to strong grace both as to thy success and God's acceptation who requires no more of thee than what is proportionable to that which he hath given to thee 7. Consider that all graces are joyn'd with their contraries in this state of imperfection here below no faith but is unequally yoked with some unbelief no hope without some despair and desponding that which is perfect is not yet come and that which is imperfect is not yet done away we are flesh as well as spirit and they two are contraries As there is some kind of hope in presumption so there may be some kind of despair in hope no degree of true Christian hope is consistent with the damning sin of final despair but some degrees of despondency and that which thou callest despair and which in a degree is so may be consistent with saving hope and so it holds true in all other graces from that mixture of corruption wherein the weakness of every grace doth lye yet grace is grace still hath all its essential parts and deserves not that nick-name which thou puttest upon it all dimness is not stark blindness every cloud doth not make mid-night what must you have all or none 't is indeed a sign of sincerity to covet all grace and as true a sign of humility and submission to the will of God thankfully to accept of a little owning those first fruits of the Spirit which in due time will be seconded with an after increase to thy plenary content and satisfaction our heavenly Father waters every plant of his own planting that it may bring forth more fruit therefore do not call every weak act of Hope despair do not call every fit of despair final despair what if the Sun be set must it never rise more if thou art cast down art thou utterly forsaken if mercy is at present gone out of thy sight must it be clean gone for ever these are but the breakings out of those peccant humours that will be predominant sometimes in the best of men By what hath been said we may answer those Objections which the Devil makes against our hope from the weakness of it I have but one thing more to add by way of direction to weak Believers who are never in more danger of being drawn into despair than when they are musing upon their sins examining and judging themselves by the Law charging themselves home with all that guilt that lyes upon them in order to their further humiliation in the sight of God then does the Devil many times strike in and suggest such frightful considerations to them that make them start back further than God would have them Therefore I shall now shew how we should prepare our selves for how we should order and manage our selves under a deep and serious consideration of our sins and unworthyness which we are called to and it is requisite the swelling temper of our proud hearts requiring it sometimes to set our selves apart for this work Zach. 12.12 The Direction is this Take down along with thee into the Valley of conviction contrition and self-abhorrency so much of a sense of Gods love and free grace in Christ as may keep thee from being overwhelm'd and from sinking into despair before you set out be sure you have some hold at least of the hemm of the garment of Christs righteousness you know not what foul weather what storms and tempests what thunder and lightning you may meet with before you return carry your cordial along with you though you never smell to it or tast it but in a fainting fit my meaning is you should take at least some general view of mercy before you take a strict particular view of sin usually they are the deepest and truest humiliations that are occasion'd by some previous sense of Gods love to us Ezek. 16.61 63. A man that is to go down into a deep pit he does not throw himself head-long into it or leap down at all adventures but fastens a rope at top upon a cross beam or some sure place and so lets himself down by degrees So let thy self down into the consideration of thy sin hanging upon Christ and when thou art gone so low that thou canst endure no longer but art ready to be overcome
with the horror and darkness of thy miserable estate dwell not too long at the gates of hell lest the devil pull thee in but wind thy self up again by renewed acts of faith and fly for refuge unto the hope that is set before thee Heb. 6.18 And all the way thou goest admire the infinite grace and love of God to thee in delivering thee from so great a death My brethren there 's no entring into the maze and labyrinth of sin without this clew in your hands Solitary considerations of sin if we dwell too long upon them will work too violently therefore we should make frequent transitions from sin to free grace from the Law to the Gospel from our miserable and wretched selves to our merciful and mighty Redeemer But you 'l say how can this be to pass from one contrary passion to another who can make such transitions The Schools tell us it must be per magnum conatum by some great endeavour that is a strain beyond ordinary and such endeavours we must put forth counting it as much our duty to rejoyce in mercy as to mourn for sin and we cannot do both at once though there be a connexion of divine Graces as well as moral vertues yet this implies rather a successive continuation than any simultaneousness at least as to the intense actings of different graces 't is true where there is one grace there is every grace that is in semine in the seed or root of it and it may be also as to some weaker latent actual influences yet those particular graces which upon different distinct considerations do work contrary passions in us they cannot be both intensely acted at the same time sed per vices intervalla there is a time to mourn and a time to rejoyce a time to fear and a time to hope particular graces do take their turns in the soul and act sutably unto the present occasion 2. Direction against despair for unbelievers convinced of sin but unacquainted with Christ and free Grace The distraction fear and amazement of spirit that seizes upon such is unexpressible till God break in upon them and begin with them speaking peace to them man can do little yet means must be used I shall name a few things 1. Look upon this conviction of sin thou lyest under rather as a mercy than a judgement as a token for good in as much as God hath given thee timely notice of thy danger and fair warning to flee from the wrath to come 2. Look upon thy self now in a far greater capacity for grace and pardon than ever heretofore 3. Set thy self with all seriousness to study the doctrine of free grace in Christ never more need than now meditate much upon the great goodness of God and his excellent loving kindness Psal 31.19 Psal 36.6 Intense thoughts of sin and slight perfunctory thoughts of mercy drive us to despair 4. Be perswaded to come to Christ under all thy fears Hast thou been as a Dove of the valley mourning on the mountains for thy iniquity Ezek. 7.16 come down from those mountains those solitary places and go weeping to the Lord Jer. 50.4 Bemoan thy self at the feet of Christ he will hear thee Jer. 31.18 19. tell God all thou hast to say of thy miserable condition complaining to thy self and to men signifies little it heightens thy fear but God sympathizes with thee Jer. 31.20 put thy self into his hands he will lead thee ver 9. refreshing will come from the presence of the Lord Acts 3.19 there will be a lifting up Job 22.29 what ever the issue be thou canst be no worse than thou art in thy own judgement to sin is mors animae but to despair is descendere in infernum sin is death and despair is hell cry out of the belly of that hell to Christ and see if he do not bring thee forth But alas those who are under a spirit of bondage and fear have a thousand objections against this I have been pressing them to I shall go over some of these and answer them as I go they come to Christ they 'l tell us They cannot come Tell the Lord then thou art willing to come but canst not be perswaded to come as thou canst canst thou not go into thy chamber into thy closet and shut thy door and throw thy self down in the dust before the Lord this is coming and this thou canst do I am sure do it then and call upon the name of the Lord. But Object 2 I cannot pray Answ It may be not now at this time but how canst thou tell what thou maist do at such a time when in obedience to an Ordinance of God thou hast put thy self into a praying posture in that very hour it may be given and hath been I am perswaded to thousands of God's children he will prepare thy heart Psal 10.17 if thou canst not utter thy mind as thou wouldest pray as thou canst and if thou hast nothing to say if no one savoury expression drops from thee it may be it is because the inward sense thou hast of sin is too big for utterance it may be so sometimes and 't is best when it is so and then out of the abundance of thy heart weep and mourn out thy inward meaning Lacrymae pondera vocis hahent groan and sigh and look wishfully towards heaven and believe that God sees thee when thou hast no sight of him this is prayer But Object 3 I have lived hitherto as without God in the world neglecting prayer altogether I am a mere stranger unto Christ and will he hear such a one as I who come upon this pinch just when necessity drives me certainly no he will tell me to my face as well he may he knows me not and bid me go to those empty creatures I formerly trusted in Answ Don't you take upon you to personate Christ in his dealings with sinners his thoughts are not as your thoughts what if you would do thus and thus if you were in Christs stead does it therefore follow that he must do so too O no as the heavens are higher than the earth so are his thoughts above thy thoughts Isa 55.8 9. do you think and say what you will Christ will act like himself and do that for thee that never entred into thy heart to conceive of his wayes are unsearchable and past our finding out his love passeth knowledge thou dost not know thou canst not tell before-hand what infinite rich grace is able to do for thee O come then and make a tryal and know for thy further encouragement that poor humble sinners are alwayes welcome to Christ but never more welcome than at their first coming Luke 15.22 c. There are two jubilees kept in heaven one at the conversion of a sinner here on earth Luke 15.7 the other at his glorification in heaven Jude 24. Christ does then present us to glory with exceeding joy how glad is Christ
when he hath brought a sinner safe and sound to heaven and secur'd him there to all eternity I mention this to shew the great delight Christ takes in shewing mercy to poor sinners in opposition to those evil surmizes and hard thoughts which thou hast of him but yet it may be thou replyest Object 4 My case is not the case of common sinners none so great an offender as I no sins like mine capable of such high aggravations were there but one man in the whole world to be damned and to go to hell I have reason to believe that I am he and since things are so bad with me I cannot be comforted Answ This is a sad case indeed we see objections rise higher and higher and doubting souls out of our very answers to one objection will pick out matter for another but I am loth to leave thee behind me in the very bottom of the pit let me then reach down a helping hand to thee once more let me give thee one lift more and I hope in answering this objection I shall answer all and silence thy unbelief for ever Is it so that thou art the worst of men the greatest of sinners under matchless guilt be it so we will admit all this to be true and take thee under that black character which thou hast now given of thy self and yet I say there is hope my advice to thee in short is this come as the greatest sinner that ever was in the world to Christ and I dare undertake for thy welcome let that which hath been hitherto thy discouragement turn now to thy great encouragement Christ came not to the whole but to the sick not to call the righteous but sinners to repentance even the greatest of sinners and since thou takest thy self to be so obey this loud call and come immediately to Christ though thy sins be as scarlet and as crimson they shall be as white as snow and as wool Isa 1.18 therefore turn thee to thy God and wait continually on him Hosea 12.6 etiam cum ad culmen perveneris omnium peccatorum as Zanch. upon the place lib. 1. de relig when thou art come to the height of all sin and wickedness Thus whoever thou art O poor trembling doubting soul remember that God hath once more called thee to come to Christ this day to come as thou art in thy rags in thy poverty in thy emptiness and insufficiency that he may be all in all to thee though means and ordinances do not presently take off our doubts and overcome our fears and fully satisfie our souls but still we remain hopeless and heartless and unbelieving yet if they do so far prevail with us as to put us upon the tryal and use of those means we are directed to compelling us to comply with the counsel that God gives us by his Ministers this may be a sign for good that God hath taken a secret hold of thy heart and is drawing thee on in the way wherein he will be found Go home then and say though I am as cloudy and dark as ever unsatisfied as ever though I have no heart to come to Christ no expectation of any success in coming yet I will come however if it be but to satisfie the importunity of others of the Ministers of the Gospel who in Christ's name and in his stead do so earnestly beseech me once more to make tryal of the freeness of his grace Tell Jesus Christ who sent you we will own it at the last day and justifie our message to you tell him then what thou hast heard this day and that thou couldest not make away with thy self and throw thy self headlong into hell till thou hast once more expos'd thy self to his wonted pity and commiseration to such as thou art tell him thy soul is ready to break for the longing desire it hath after Christ cry out and say how long Lord holy and true when wilt thou shine out upon thy poor creature who is walking in the valley of the shadow of death and can see no light O make hast to help O arise and save me come Lord Jesus come quickly with relief and succour to my poor soul offer thy self in this manner to Christ present thy self thus before the Lord and if thou findest thy self pressed out of measure above strength insomuch as thou despairest even of life as 2 Cor. 1.8 9. O then cast thy self burthen and all upon Jesus Christ Mat. 11.28 and when thou canst not gather comfort from any present sensible impressions made upon thy heart then argue from promises made to thy coming take them as an answer from God to thee and make thy best of them as David did Psal 119.81 My soul fainteth for thy salvation but I hope in thy word hath not Christ said John 6.37 Him that cometh to me I will in no wise cast out if he should never speak one word more to thee all thy dayes here is enough said already to support thee we say omne praeteritum est necessarium that which is past can never be recall'd Christ will never unsay what is pass'd out of his lips keep thy hold here and thou art safe to eternity Nothing but raptures and particular revelations some strong sensible feelings of comfort will satisfie some whereas indeed God hath revealed his whole counsel to us in the Scriptures and has nothing more to say to sinners than what is already expressed in the Gospel the particular answers that God gives his people sometimes what are they but inward repetitions of Gospel-promises to the heart sealed up there by the Spirit How a Christian may get such a faith that is not only saving but comfortable and joyful at present Serm. XXV 1 Peter 1.8 Whom having not seen ye love in whom though now ye see him not yet believing you rejoyce with joy unspeakable and full of glory THE Question which this Text was chosen to resolve is How a Christian may get such a Faith as is not only saving at the last but comfortable and joyful at present This case hath two things in it one it takes for granted the other it doth suppose may and sometimes doth come to pass it takes first for granted that joy and comfort arise from Faith viz. Faith unfeigned as the Apostle speaks which purifies the heart and sets love a work to obey the Law and so the commandment hath the end for which it was made 1 Tim. 1.5 and this is very sure for all comfort must begin in God and be derived from him he is the father of mercies and the God of all comfort 2 Cor. 1.3 and he hath given us everlasting consolations through grace 2 Thess 2. last but it is not from God absolute or without a Mediator alas there is no comfort in that What comfort can a malefactor that hath myriads of inditements against him upon the file the least whereof must take away his life expect from a just
my spirit rejoyceth in God my Saviour Luke 2. I will rejoyce in the God of my salvation Hab. 3. your Father Abraham saw my day and did rejoyce to see it the plain English is this Abraham saw Jesus Christ in the promises sc his obedience and sufferings and the glory that came by Christ's righteousness and did apply it to himself by Faith and was assured of his interest in it which made him to rejoyce in that sight Though a Prince may have a legal right to a treasure hid in the field yet till it be discovered to him there is no joy the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost and so we rejoyce in the hope of the glory of God Rom. 5.2 5. I will not dispute whether assurance be of the nature of Faith our Reformers were of renown and other learned men since at home and abroad that are for assurance do not at any hand exclude adherence some think that Faith is a mixed habit adherence and assurance are two acts of the same Faith two flowers from the same root 'T is true there may be adherence without assurance but it is as true that there cannot be assurance without adherence If I know and believe that Christ died for me I should stick to it in negotio justificationis without taking notice of any inherent holiness either in men or Angels how do the stars disappear at the rising brightness of the Sun yet no disparagement to the stars at all But I say I will not dispute and if I could it were both unseasonable and needless for whether assurance be of the nature of Faith or whether it be an effect of Faith is all one in this case before us for there must be something of assurance that must bring in joy and comfort The believers here in my Text they loved Christ and in whom after they believed they did rejoyce with joy unspeakable their first acts of Faith might be recumbency afterwards evidence then joy so the Ephesians after they believed in Christ they were sealed with the holy Spirit of promise as an earnest Ephes 1.13 14 15. The note of the old learned and pious Piscator is unusquisque fidelis verus est not esse potest or esse debet but est certus suae salutis I will name but one Scripture more 't is Cant. 2.6 my beloved is mine and I am his he feeds among the lillies my beloved is mine there is the Gospel with its marrow in the heart of a believer there is assurance and I am his there is the law in the same heart there is obedience he feedeth among the lillies there is joy and comfort he died for me and I am his soul and body for his service Hence comes joy and sometimes such that even overwhelms This for the entrance now to the directions First If you would get Faith comforting in life as well as saving at death you must not sit down satisfied with a bare recumbence on Jesus Christ Mistake me not I do not discourage and I dare not disparage it If it be right as I take that for granted it is a grace more precious incomparably than all treasures and happy is the bosom that wears so inestimable a Jewel But when Christians sensible of their sin and hell do attain to this they rest satisfied here They are told and that is truth that their state is safe there they acquiesce set up their staff behind the door and go no further they do not press on for assurance they will rather argue against it thus Object That assurance is not so necessary Answ So necessary what do you mean is it not commanded is it not promised is it not purchased is it not attained by the people of God sure it is necessary to the vigor of grace and to the being of joy and comfort be of good comfort thy sins are pardoned Object 2. Yea but many do live and die and do well without it Answ Who told you so the Scripture saith the Spirit himself doth bear witness with our spirits that we are the children of God Rom. 8.16 and we know and believe the love that God hath given us 1 John 4.16 with many very many more Texts to that purpose A tempted believer may bear false witness against himself sure such a position as this with mercy upon uncertainties is not the way to comfort him the sure way were to advise him to see his sins more and humble his soul more for them and to study Jesus Christ and to come to him more with the like and God will return and speak peace they that sow in tears shall reap in joy Object 3. But this joy is not so necessary Resp What do you mean again so necessary why 1. It is frequently commanded take one Text Phil. 4.4 Rejoyce in the Lord i. e. Christ always and again I say rejoyce 2. It is frequently promised I will make them joyful in my house of prayer Isa 56.7 I will see you again and your heart shall rejoyce and your joy no man taketh from you 3. It is practised frequently we rejoyce in Christ Jesus Phil. 3.3 4. It is often prayed for the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing Rom. 15.13 5. It is Christ's office to give the oyl of gladness for the spirit of heaviness Isa 61.3 6. It is the special work of the blessed Spirit who is therefore the Comforter Take the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in what notion you will his work is either comforting or tending to comfort Lastly It is the priviledge of the Gospel-Ordinances to feast the soul with marrow and fatness and with wine well refined i. e. God hath not given us the spirit of bondage to fear again as formerly but the Spirit of adoption whereby or rather by whom i. e. cujus ope we cry abba Father Surely joy and comfort is necessary for the measures of grace If you had a child infirm sickly hard-favoured and a friend should say this strength quickness and comeliness is not so necessary your child is alive is it not you would think this were hardly sutable much less comfortable Object 4. A Christian that doth come to and rely on Christ for righteousness may have comfort Answ yes but then it must be by the way of a practical syllogism He that cometh to Christ shall never perish Joh. 6. but I do so therefore Here his coming together with repentance and obedience which are concomitants beget evidence and from thence comfort Object 5. but many good people want this joy and comfort Answ confessed but then it is our own fault did we use the means especially secret duties meditation prayer which we neglect it would be otherwise Object Last But those that do these yet are in great darkness Answ Yea for sometime The holy spirit teacheth many lessons excellent ones in this School chiefly these three 1. They learn what dismal creatures
they must have been for ever without Jesus Christ 2. They learn to give a guess what were the unintelligible amazements and consternatious that were upon the soul of Jesus Christ in their room 3. The blessedness that comes by Jesus Christ And when they have learned their lessons in this School out of the word by this ever blessed Tutor God brings them out with silver joy and gold and comfort 2. Direct Make serious use of marks and signs The best search is in a man 's own heart and there the greatest case of conscience is whether Christ be in you 2 Cor. 13.5 One of the best uses the preacher can make is a use of tryal Skilful ones lay open these marks with much evidence and vehemence beseech require charge that impartial search be made And Christians hear and affect and say it is a home-Sermon but do not seriously upon retirement bring themselves to the truth The Minister may preach his lungs out of his body and it is not minded If self-tryal were impartially practised the blessed spirit in this way would give in evidence and by that comfort for instance Jesus Christ tells us he lays down his life for his sheep John 10. there he gives the marks of his sheep as first They do not follow the voice of strangers i. e. Strange doctrines duties worship as Socinianism Popery Pelagianism new or old Quakerism they fly from them they know not the voice of strangers v. 5. 2. They know Christ with an high appreciating and obedient knowledg v. 14. 3. They hear his voice and they follow him not a stranger v. 28. Now if you would try your selves by these and many very many such like if you would impartially see the complexion of your souls in the glass of the word this would beget certainty and that would beget comfort 3. Direct Be not slothful in the business of Faith remove away far from you a sluggish frame stir up blow up the coals exercise thy Faith exert new acts of application of Jesus Christ to thee daily We want comfort and why Jesus Christ is not in our serious thoughts all the day We eat bread daily for life natural and cloath our selves daily to cover our nakedness before men sure the soul hath as much need of food and rayment as the body Jesus crucified is the onely the Heavenly food and rayment stir up thine appetite Mitte sidem put forth thine hand put him on repeated acts of recumbency and application will rise up into acquaintance and evidence and will let in this precious joy and consolation Believe it Sirs it is a sin of a far greater nature than we are aware of a sin of horrid unkindness neglect slighting of our best friends viz. that we make sure of every thing but Jesus Christ A little land a small Tenement a little money there we cry fast bind and fast find there we have a male in the flock and can defend our diligence very smartly but in the great concern of our souls we are at uncertainties and hap hazard there the blind and the lame is for sacrifice What a noise is there about a civil propriety in mint and cummin and what a Silence and remisness about the soul's propriety in the Son of God 't is a prodigious and inexcusable indiscretion and folly and an unspeakable mischief into the bargain 4. Direct Take heed of thy heart fetch not thy comforts from and terminate not thy joy upon any creature this were clear idolatry therefore check thy joy about these things cut off the suckers and the boughs will be laden with fruit stop these back-ditches and the stream will be strong Remember Job could approve his sincerity by this that he did not rejoyce because his wealth was great and because his hand had gotten much Cap. 31. v. 24. Remember our Lord Christ abated his disciples joy Rejoyce not in this that the Devils are subject to you a man may cast out Devils and go to hell but rejoyce rather in this that your names are in the book of life Act Faith to see God the giver Christ the purchaser of your daily mercies and thence fetch your joy into them My cloaths first must have warmth from my body and then they warm me 5. Direct If a Christian would attain to that Faith viz. certainty that will make his life comfortable he must go on to be more holy in both the parts of it he must die to sin more The Scripture calls upon us every where to hate abhor mortifie crucifie viz. to death lay aside as a dead corps put off as filthy rags cast away as a plague-sore what all this while why lusts filthy lusts wrath anger vain-glory pride impatience filthy wanton thoughts You know the Apostle presseth these things as the main use of the Doctrine of Jesus Paul is abundant in this in his Epistles to the Churches do it then dwell upon these Scriptures much daily let them dwell in you be docrs of the word Your ministers are afraid either of the rickets the head is big with airy notions or but notions and the joynts be weak or Childdishness that people are more taken with a little gawdy trimming than with the substance of the cloth Study these truths and look to your hearts and conform to them this is the way for to get and when you have gotten to keep some assurance and that will comfort your hearts the pure in heart shall see God and any glimpse of that is a most comfortable sight The Scripture saith especially in Gospel times that the people of God should walk in the light of his countenance if thou put away iniquity from thy heart thou shalt lift up thy face the more conscience the more sense of love and the more sense the more comfort the less clouds the more fun The old Puritans had a great deal of feeling and much Serious joy 6. Direct Look well to the other part of holiness live to righteousness live in it live the Col. 3.17 read it over and over as many as walk according to this rule peace shall be upon them Gal. 6.16 to such a one Christ will manifest himself Joh. 14.21 his Father and himself will come to such a one and will make their abode with him v. 23. the Father will love him it is meant of love manifestative not initial he will manifest his love there is joy indeed to the upright I will shew the Salvation of God not I will begin to be but I will shew Psal 50. last Look to your trades let there be holiness to the Lord upon your weights and measures look to your family duties study well and observe your relation-duties family-passions cloud Faith disturb duty darken comfort 7. Direct All this while I take it for granted that thou art a Christian Why then if thou wilt get and keep this Faith that will get and keep comfort alive The seventh direction is To be much and frequent in
sit down and seriously consider who it is that orders that condition let your thoughts dwell upon that and see if it be not to your advantage for the suppressing of all undue perturbations of mind Psal 39.3 David tells us while he was musing the fire burned that is the fire of passion as many do expound it There is indeed a musing which tends to heart-disquietment when all our thoughts are taken up in poring upon that which troubles us but that musing which I am now urging hath a quite other effect Vide Boeth de Cons Philos. l. 1 Prosa 6. it will quench the fire not kindle it Methinks that Christian should not easily be disturbed at what befalls him who considers let it be what it will it is all of God What believe and own a Providence as carving out every condition and yet be discontented that 's very sad Is it fit for the Creature to be angry with God as †Jon. 4.9 Is 43.9 Rom. 9.20 Jonas was shall man dispute with God the clay say to the Potter Why hast thou made me thus must Providence be arraigned at our tribunal and our Will clash with God's by no means There 's all the Reason in the world that whatsoever pleaseth God should please the Creature 'T is the Lord saith * 1 Sam. 3.18 Eli let him do what seems him good I was dumb saith †Psal 39.9 David and opened not my mouth because thou Lord didst it The Lord gave saith †Job 1.21 Job and the Lord hath taken away blessed be the name of the Lord. I do not know a more effectual Help to stilness of Spirit than the consideration of this that all is ordered by God And certainly he that is quiet and composed upon this that frame demonstrates him to have not only a good but a great and a noble spirit 'T is an excellent passage that of Seneca †Magnus est animus qui se Deo tradidit pusillus degener qui ob lectatur de ordine murdi malè existimat Deos mavult emendare quà m se Ep. 107. 'T is a great soul which surrenders up it self to God but that 's a poor low soul which contends and thinks ill of the ordering of the world and which would rather mend the Gods than it self But here in our considering in order to the having of the heart smooth and calm 't is good to take in more viz. not only to employ our thoughts upon the thing but also upon the modification and circumstances thereof not only to think of this that all is ordered by God but how and in what manner all is ordered by him Oh this if duly weighed and digested would be of great efficacy to further Contentation Now take an account of this in four things 1. All is ordered by God irresistibly Is 43.13 I will work and who shall let 'T is applicable to God's providential dealings with every single person in the world these are carried on with such a mighty power that 't is a vain thing for any to go about to resist and hinder God in what he will do If Man will be cross and thwart and controll him what doth it signifie God's vvill shall be done for all that He will do all his pleasure there is no contending with him Job 34.33 Should it be according to thy mind he will recompense it whether thou refuse or whether thou choose c. Christian Thou passionately desirest such a mercy thou shalt have it never the sooner for that If God will bestow it thou shalt have it If he will withhold it all thy earnestness and striving will do no good Or thou wouldst fain have such an affliction removed that will not do thy work If God will take it off from thee there 's an end of it If he will continue it thou must bear it still Humble Contentment may do much but proud contending will do nothing God knows what he hath to do and he will not be hindred in what he sees fit to do Pray therefore whenever passion begins to rise in the soul think of this speedily If it be thus that the tide of Providence vvill have its course that there 's no hindring of the Almighty and Soveraign-acting God for he doth whatsoever pleaseth him Eccl. 8.3 and worketh all things after the counsel of his own will Eph. 1.11 then our Reason and judgment will tell us that 't is best to yield and submit to this God and to comply with that which we cannot alter 2. All is ordered by God righteously He is righteous and he doth nothing but what is righteous shall not the Judge of all the earth do right Gen 18.251 Psal 145.17 Rev. 15.3 Psal 97.2 Job 34.23 the Lord is righteous in all his wayes and holy in all his works Just and true are all thy wayes O thou King of Saints Clouds and darkness are round about him righteousness and judgment are the habitation of his Throne He will not lay upon man more than right that he should enter into judgment with God This is an excellent subject for our Thoughts to dwell upon when any thing troubles us Well may there be our contentment in every state when there is God's righteousness in every state Providence may sometimes be dark and mysterious yet 't is alwayes just and righteous God may sometimes cross us but he never wrongs us He doth not see it good in all our desires to gratifie us but 't is good for us in all his dispensations to Psal 51.4 Lam. 1.18 justifie him Doth he remove a mercy vvhich vve have not forfeited Doth he lay on an affliction vvhich vve by sin have not deserved and if so doth it not become us to be silent before him Lam. 3.39 Mic. 7.9 Wherefore doth a living man complain a man for the punishment of his sin Oh saith the Church I will bear the indignation of the Lord for I have sinned against him 'T is a smart passage that in Prov. 19.3 The foolishness of man perverteth his way and his heart fretteth against the Lord we provoke God to afflict us and then we are angry with him whereas we have reason only to be angry with our our selves our own sins being the procuring cause of all our miseries We have often too just Grounds of being troubled with our own hearts because of their pride carnality unthankfulness unbelief c. this is good discontent but we never have any just Grounds of being disturbed at what God doth he being in all his actings holy and righteous Bring it to this in your consideration such a good I want such an evil I feel but is God unrighteous in either surely no For do I deserve the one and do I not deserve the other why then should I quarrel or fret against God Discontent is a bold impeachment of God's righteousness and is not that a thing of a very hainous nature grounded
of the Affliction but what puts a greatness into the affliction why the greatness of the Affection If the Relation was not overloved the loss of him would not amount to such an affliction as 't is usually made he that over-loves will over-grieve Qui nimis amat nimis dolet and he that overgrieves will be apt to murmur Grace then confining the Affections to these sublunary things so it furthers Contentment 4. It makes the Conscience good And a good conscience is that Ark into which God uses to put the manna of concentment It carries joy in it 't is a continual feast Prov. 15.15 now he that hath this joy within is not easily or much moved at any trouble without let the weather be what it will there is nothing but serenity in his soul If the part be sore you cannot touch it but 't is in pain let it be but firm and sound and it can bear a smart blow without complaining when Conscience is sound and good a man can bear any thing but when 't is not so he can bear nothing without being under great anguish of mind 2. Secondly Godliness works Contentment by making a person to have a powerful sense of God's Glory so as alwayes to rest in that as his ultimate end and most desirable good this is that glorious effect which Grace produceth in the heart And thereby it doth effectually further quietness of spirit in every condition Pray observe it Selfishness and lowness of mens ends is at the bottom of all their discontent they look no higher than their sensual ease delight and satisfaction and if they be crossed in these then they storm and are angry But now a Godly man living up to his Godliness his eye is upon God's glory as the thing which he chiefly aims at and mainly centers in and upon this he is content in every state For saith he let my state be what it will God will glorifie himself by it and 't is that state which God did see would most tend to his glory otherwise he had not put me into it oh therefore I 'le like it yea rejoyce in it in as much as it is most conducive to that which is better than all my little comforts namely the Glory of God Methinks he should live in all contentedness who knows and minds these two things that all occurrences tend to the promoting of God's Honour and then too of his Own Good but the knowing and minding of these is proper only to one that is Godly how necessary therefore is Godliness to contentment Take an unregenerate man these neither doe nor can signifie any thing to him for as to the First the advancement of the Honour of his Creator he being all for Self for so every one is before conversion the honour of God is nothing to him and so it can have no influence upon him for the quieting of his heart under troubles and as to the second the advancement of his own good he not being in Covenant with God on which the sanctification of all Providences doth depend can have no assurance of this and therefore cannot from this fetch that which may quiet and comfort him but both of these have their full power and strength where grace is and thereupon it becomes an effectual means to contentment 3. Thirdly In the general habit of Grace there are contained certain special Graces which do very much further Contentment I 'le instance in Humility Faith Repentance Heavenly-mindedness Self-denyal 1. Humility The humble man is alwayes a contented man the proud man is alwayes of a contrary temper Pride puts us upon contending with God Humility upon yielding and submitting to him Pride makes us think we are wiser than God can order our conditions better than he Humility dreads this heart-blasphemy Pride must be at the top of the pinacle no condition no mercy is high enough for it a proud person cannot bear a low state he looks upon himself as wronged if he be not chief as he said to his Daughter Si non dominaris injuriam te accipere existimas Sueton. Humility accepts of the lowest condition and the lowest mercy Oh! saith the humble person what can be too low for me who deserve to be in Hâ—ll what too little for me who am less than the least of all mercies Pride is for charging God Gen. 32.10 Humility is altogether for admiring God that will be finding faults with what God doth this only finds faults with what we our selves do Pride is the heart-disquieting sin Humility is the heart-quieting grace 'T is never well enough with the proud the Angels that fell even when they were in Heaven and Adam even in Paradise in all his Glory were 〈◊〉 â—f his 〈◊〉 alwayes very well with the humble Well Godliness work◠〈…〉 by â—he â—ooâ—ing out of pride and planting humility in the 〈◊〉 2. Faith That 's another Grace which doth eminently help on Contentation how readily and how aptly doth it interpose upon all occasions for the keeping down of all turbulent risings in the heart Doth the man begin to be froward What will become of me and mine be still saith Faith God will provide for thee and thine Oh but such and such blessings are denyed me yet be still Of the pride and vanity of this speech of Alexander see Philo. l. de Cherubim p. 91. saith Faith thou hast all in God thou may'st say that truly which the great Conquerour once vainly said when he had Europe and Asia in his eye haec haec mea sunt these and these blessings yea all are mine for God is mine But the Providences of God towards me are very bitter yet be still saith Faith there is abundant sweetness in the Promise to take off that bitterness that is in the Providence But it is at present very ill with me yet be still saith Faith wait but a little and it will be better But what have I to comfort me why saith Faith enough and enough the unchangeable love of God the pardon of all thy sins the Covenant-state eternal life c. They saith an holy Writer never felt God's love or tasted the forgiveness of sin who are discontented Thus Faith with great readiness and strength answers all Objections which tend to the disturbing of the spirit 'T is the Grace which keeps from * Psal 27.13 fainting and from †Psal 42 11. fretting also 3. Repentance He that truly mourns for sin doth not easily murmur because of some outward cross Where sin is heavy nothing besides comparatively 2 Cor. 4.17 is heavy What light things are afflictions to him who groans under the burden of sin Godliness turns the grief and anger into the right channel it works Contentment by diversions when the sinner would be grieving and complaining because of poverty sickness c. this makes him to look into the naughtiness of his heart and to grieve for that pride and passion and
anointing Oyl which being poured on the Head was both gentle and pleasant and a Pledge of the Communication of Spiritual priviledges whence no inconveniences would ensue The last clause of the words belonging not unto our present design I shall not insist on their explication Some few things must be further premised unto our Principal intention concerning the nature of those Reproofs which are proposed as a matter of such Advantage in the Text. And 1. The word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 here used signifieth to Argue to Dispute to Contend in judgment as well as to reprove rebuke or reprehend Its first signification is to Argue or to plead a Cause with Arguments Hence it is used as a Common Term between God and man denoting the Reasons real or pretended only on the one side and the other So God himself speaks unto his People 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Isa 1.18 Go to now and let us Plead reason or argue together And Job calls his Pleas or Argument in Prayer unto God 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chap. 23.4 I would fill my mouth with Arguments Wherefore that only hath the true Nature of a Reproof which is accompanied with Reasons and Arguments for the evincing of what it tends unto Rash groundless wrathful precipitate Censures and rebukes are evil in themselves and in our present case of no Consideration Nor indeed ought any one to engage in the Management of Reproofs who is not furnished with Rule and Argument to evince their necessity and render them effectual Sometimes things may be so Circumstanced as that a Reproof shall so carry its own Reason and efficacious Conviction along with it as that there will be no need of arguing or Pleas to make it useful So the look of our Blessed Saviour on Peter under the Circumstances of his case was a sufficient Reproof though he spake not one word in its Confirmation But ordinarily Cogent Reasons are the best conveyances of Reproofs to the minds of men be they of what sort they will 2. Reproofs do alwayes respect a Fault an evil a miscarriage or a sin in them that are reproved There may be mutual admonitions and exhortations among Christians with respect unto sundry things in the course of their Faith and Obedience without a regard unto any evil or miscarriage The general nature of a Reproof is an admonition or exhortation but it hath its special nature from its regard unto a fault in Course or particular fact And hence the word signifies also to Chastise wherein is a Correction for and the means of a recovery from a miscarriage 2 Sam. 7.14 I will reprove him by the Rod of men that is Chastise him This therefore is that reproof which we intend a warning Admonition or Exhortation given unto any whereby they are rebuked for and with respect unto some moral evil or sin in their course way practice or any particular miscarriage such as may render them obnoxious unto Divine Displeasure or Chastisement for it is essential unto a regular reproof that in him who gives it it may be accompanied with or do proceed from an apprehension that the person reproved is by the matter of the reproof rendred obnoxious unto the displeasure of God 3. It may also be considered that Reproving is not lest arbitrarily unto the wills of men Whatever seems to be so it loseth its nature if it be not a duty in him who Reproves and come short of its efficacy No wise man will reprove but when it is his Duty so to do unless he design the just reproach of a busie body for his Reward The command is general with respect unto Brother and Neighbour Deut. 19.17 Thou shalt not hate thy Brother in thine heart Thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy Neighbour and not suffer sin upon him But as to the particular discharge of this work as a Duty there must be either an especial Office or an especial Relation or a concurrence of Circumstances for its warranty God hath in his wisdom and care given Rules and bounds unto our Engagement unto Duties without a regulation whereby we shall wander in them with endless Dissatisfactions unto our selves and unnecessary Provocations unto others But the Duty of reproving with the love wisdom tenderness and compassion required in the discharge of it its Motives Ends and Circumstances its proper Rules and Limitations fall not under my present consideration but these things in general were necessary to be premised unto what do so That which the Text instructs us in may be comprised in this general Observation Reproofs though accompanied with some sharpness if rightly received and duly improved are a mercy and advantage incomparably above all the satisfactions which a joynt consent with others in sin and pleasures can afford The latter part of the Proposition I have mentioned only to express the ballance that is proposed by the Psalmist between the best and most desirable advantages of wicked society on the one hand and the sharpest or most displeasing severities that accompany the communion of thc Righteous or godly But I shall not at all handle the comparison as designing only some Directions how men should behave themselves under Reproofs that they may be a kindness and an Excellent Oyl unto them or how they may by them obtain Spiritual benefit and Advantage unto their own Souls And this however at present the matter may be managed is of it self of great Importance For as in the state of weakness and imperfection of mistakes and miscarriages wherein we are there is no outward help or aid of more use and advantage unto us than seasonable Reproofs so in the right receiving and improving of them as high a tryal of the spirits of men as to their interest in Wisdom and folly doth consist as in any thing that doth befal them or wherewith they may be exercised For as scorners of Reproofs those that hear them unwillingly that bear them haughtily and impatiently with designs of revenge or disdainful Retortions have the Characters of Pride and Folly indelibly fixed them by the Holy Ghost so their due Admission and Improvement is in the same infallible Truth represented as an evident pledge of wisdom and an effectual means of its encrease This is so much and so frequently insisted on in that great Treasure of all wisdom Spiritual Natural and Political namely the Book of Proverbs that it is altogether needless to call over any particular Testimonies unto that purpose Two things we are to enquire into in compliance with our present Design 1. How Reproofs may be duly received 2. How they may be duly improved whereunto the Reasons shall be added why they ought so to be I. That we may receive Reproofs in a due manner three things are to be considered 1 The general Qualification of the Reprover 2 The Nature of the Reproof And 3 The matter of it 1. The Psalmist here desires that his Reprover may be a Righteous man Let the Righteous smite me
are in a better state than Adam was in his first Creation None will deny who read and believe the Scriptures that Adam was Blessed before he sinned there was no Curse of the Law upon man until the Law was broken by him and as God made all other things good so man as he came out of God's hand was made both Good and Happy The primitive Blessedness of Adam consisted chiefly in two things First In the Innocency which was in him Secondly In the Image of God which was upon him whereby he was capacitated for and had a nearness of Communion and fellowship with God In both respects pardoned Persons are in a better estate than Adam 1. In respect of Innocency although they cannot so properly be called Innocent in themselves doubtless they are not so Innocent as Adam before his fall yet upon their pardon they are guiltless they are reputed Innocent in the sight of God and however God may chastise them for sin here they shall no more be punished for any sin in the other World than if they had never offended than if they had never committed any the least sin from their Birth unto their Death but had been as white and clean as pure and Innocent as the first Adam before his fall or the second Adam who never fell and herein their condition is better than that of Adam in Innocency because no guilt shall be charged upon them unto their Condemnation whereas Adam had no such security against Condemnation for afterward he falling into sin would certainly have fallen into Hell had not pardoning mercy prevented it 2. In regard of the Image of God that is repaired in all those that are pardoned when God forgiveth their sin he changeth their nature and that Faith which justifieth the Person doth also purifie the heart Acts 15.9 Indeed pardoned Persons are renewed but in part and the inherent Righteousness and Holiness which they attain unto in this life is but imperfect yet in this they are in a better condition than Adam was at first because although Adam's inherent Righteousness were perfect yet it was left to his own keeping and he quickly lost it and fell quite off from God putting himself out of God's favour and out of Covenant together and there was no Salvation attainable by him until God had promised Christ and made a New Covenant of Grace with him But the inherent Righteousness of pardoned Persons although it be far short many degrees of absolute perfection yet it is committed to the keeping of Christ by the Spirit in them who is both able and hath promised to bring it unto perfection so that they shall never totally fall from Grace but grow up from one degree of Grace unto another until they arrive unto Heaven where they shall be absolutely perfect both in Holiness and happiness and in the mean time they are accepted as compleat and perfect in their head the Lord Jesus Christ whose perfect Righteousness is through Faith imputed unto them whereby the defects of their righteousness are supplyed and they adopted to eternal Life Pardoned persons are in a better state than Adam therefore they are blessed Reas 5. Such whose iniquities are forgiven are blessed because they shall be blessed the blessedness of pardoned persons is chiefly in hope of future blessedness without which hope in some circumstance of time they would be as the Apostle saith 1 Cor. 15.19 of all Men most miserable and therefore I shall chiefly speak of the future blessedness of the pardoned and here 1. Shew what the future blessedness is which pardoned persons shall have 2. Prove that pardoned persons shall most assuredly attain this blessedness 3. Shew how this future blessedness doth render them blessed at the present and this will be a full proof that pardoned persons are blessed 1. The first thing is to shew what the future blessedness is which pardoned persons shall have and here I must premise that there is but little of this future blessedness revealed in comparison of what it really is and what pardoned persons will find it to be Ministers have preached and written much concerning it but they have not told one half no nor the thousand part of the Glory and excellency thereof and it must be but little then that I have time or room to speak of it in this discourse yet something I must say and it is no difficult thing to set it forth by Scripture-light and in a few words as far exceeding all outward happiness and earthly felicity The blessedness which pardoned persons shall have doth lye in three things 1. In the blessed and glorious place where they shall live 2. In the blessed and glorious company which they shall converse withal 3. In the blessed and glorious state which they shall attain to 1. Pardoned persons shall live and take up their eternal abode in a most blessed and glorious place Here they have no continuing City but they seek one to come Heb. 13.14 The most strong and flourishing Cities in the World may be demolished by the hands of Men or overthrown by Earthquakes or consumed and turned into ashes by the devouring flames of fire but the City they shall dwell in cannot be demolished overthrown or consumed that City will abide and continue so long as God shall abide the Maker of it They look for a City which hath Foundations whose Builder and Maker is God Heb. 11.10 The Foundations of this City are sure and strong such as shall never be moved the Cities and Houses they now dwell in are made by man and therefore are but mean but the City they shall dwell in is of God's Building and Making and therefore is very glorious It is the New Jerusalem which they shall hereafter inhabit the Jerusalem which is above the Walls and Gates thereof are Pearls and the Streets thereof pure Gold as it is described Rev. 21. at the latter end of that Chapter But the place is beyond all comparison and doth exceed in glory whatever description may be made of it 2. Pardoned persons shall have most blessed and glorious company to converse withal in Heaven 1. In Heaven pardoned persons vvill have the company of all the Saints there they vvill find all their godly friends and acquaintance and that both such as die before them and those that die after them in vvhose Society they vvill have a mutual sweet complacency and their joy one in another vvill exceed vvhat tongues can express There they shall have the company of all those Godly Ministers either vvhom they have known and heard or vvhose Writings only they have seen and read and how vvill the spiritual children delight to see the glory and live always in the company of their spiritual Fathers vvhom God hath made instrumental for their conversion then they vvill rejoyce indeed that ever they saw their face that ever they heard their voice that ever they believed their report that ever they vvere perswaded by them to
whose person is of infinite dignity that thence may arise an equivalency of merit in his sufferings as may prove satisfactory to God's infinite justice and because no mere man being a finite creature hath this dignity and God cannot suffer because this would argue weakness and infirmity which is infinitely removed from him therefore it is requisite that the person who can satisfie should be God-man that as in one nature he may be capable of suffering so the other nature may put a vertue and efficacy upon it and such a person was Jesus Christ 3. That Jesus Christ hath done that which is sufficient to satisfie God's justice for the sins of men is evident from his Death and other sufferings which we have upon record in the Gospel which sufferings were not for himself he being an innocent person and it would have argued injustice in God had he permitted such sufferings to have been laid on his body especially had he himself inflicted such dreadful inward sufferings on his Soul were it not that he stood in the room of sinners and endured all these sufferings for their sins that he might give satisfaction to his justice hereby 4. That Christ's sufferings have given to God satisfaction and that he hath accepted of this satisfaction in the behalf of sinners is evident from the Compact and Covenant which he made with Christ that if he would offer up this sacrifice of himself he would be well pleased and sinners should hereby be justified from his sending his Son into the world for this very end and anointing him to the office of High-Priest that he might first make satisfaction and then Intercession for the people from his owning him when here raising him when dead receiving him to glory when raised which he would not have done had not he accepted his satisfaction from his Covenant he hath through him made with man and promises therein of remission of sins through his blood which he would never have made had not Christ's death given him satisfaction Moreover all those places of Scripture which speak of Christ's death as a sacrifice as a ransom as a punishment which he endured that sinners might be and whereby believers are actually reconciled unto God do clearly and abundantly prove that Christ hath given satisfaction to God's justice and which God is well pleased withal 5. That all sinners must know and believe this Doctrine of Christ's satisfaction that they may attain remission of sins is evident because God never did never will forgive any sin without respect unto it this way of remission is the chief thing which he hath revealed in the Scriptures In the Old Testament it was shadowed under the sacrifices for sin which were offered in the New Testament it is the end of the Revelation of Christ this being the chief design of his sufferings and death to give satisfaction to God's justice in order to the forgiveness of man's sin And they that are ignorant hereof or do not believe this do not know nor believe in Jesus Christ and him crucified and therefore cannot obtain forgiveness by his death 2. Sinners must know and believe the doctrine of Justification by Christ's Righteousness that they may attain remission of sins 1. They must know the nature of Justification it self that it doth consist in the remission of our sins and the acceptation of our Persons as perfectly Righteous in God's sight they must know that they have no Righteousness of their own to present God withal because guilty of sin and the least guilt is inconsistent with a perfect Righteousness and therefore if they were as some are really Holy yet that they could not be accepted as perfectly Righteous in God's sight upon the account of a perfect Righteousness of their own which none here do attain unto much less when they are naturally void and empty of all good and real Holiness and polluted all over with Sin 3. They must know that the Righteousness of Christ is perfect and was intended for them and held forth to them which they must submit unto and accept of if they would be justified in God's sight 4. That the Righteousness of Christ is made theirs by Faith God imputing it and accounting it unto believers as if it were their own and they had wrought it out in their own persons This way of Justification by Christ all must know and be perswaded of that would obtain Justification which doth include forgiveness of sin 2. Some things must be done and practised by sinners that they may attain this blessedness of forgiveness 1. They must get conviction of sin 2. They must make confession of sin 3. They must by Faith make Application of Jesus Christ 4. They must forsake sin 5. They must make Supplication and earnest Prayer unto God for pardoning Mercy 6. They must forgive others 1. Sinners would you attain the blessedness of forgiveness Labour to get conviction of sin get conviction of your Original sin the guilt of Adam's first sin in which you are involv'd your present emptiness of all Spiritual good and the Universal depravation of all the powers and faculties of your Souls with inherent pollution which renders you opposite unto all real good and naturally prone unto nothing but evil get conviction of your actual sins of all your hainous breaches of God's Law whether the first or second Table of it whether sins against God more immediately his Nature his Worship his Name his Day or against your Neighbour whether relative sins or sins against the life or chastity or estate or good name of any and get conviction that all inordinate motions that have not the consent of the will and much more inordinate affections which are influenced by it are sinful and provoking unto God Get also convictions of your more hainous disobedience to the Gospel what an aggravation it is of all your other sins that you have repented of none when you have so much need and have been so often called hereunto what an affront is it unto God a disparagement unto Christ that you have neglected your Salvation by him and have been guilty of unbelief in not receiving yea refusing Christ so able and willing to save you and when you have had such frequent and earnest as well as gracious and free tenders of him Get conviction of the guilt of your sins and what an Obligation you are under hereby to undergo eternal Destruction in the flames of Hell fire for it and let this awaken you out of your security let the thoughts of this pierce and wound your consciences and make you cry out with those Sinners which were convinced by Peter's Sermon Acts 2.37 When they heard this they were pricked in their heart and said unto Peter and the rest of the Apostles Men and brethren what shall we do Get conviction also of the horrid baseness and ungratefulness of sin as it dishonours and displeases that God by whom you were at first created are continually
preserved and maintained and who though he could so easily destroy you and glorifie his justice hereby yet is both patient with you and willing also to be reconciled unto you and sends his Embassadors in his name to tell you that he entreats you that you would be reconciled and let these considerations affect you with ingenuous grief for sin Lastly Get conviction of the defilement of sin how your Souls are stained by it and hereby degenerated and debased into a lower degree of vileness than is in the beast that perisheth yea that hereby you are become without regeneration and until your Souls are washed more loathsom in the eyes of God than the most nasty thing in the World is in your eyes 2. Make confession of sin In some cases it is requisite you should confess some sins unto man but it is absolutely universally necessary in order to forgiveness that you should confess your sins unto God the promise of pardoning mercy is made to confession Prov. 28.13 He that covereth his sins shall not prosper but he that confesseth and forsaketh them shall have mercy David found by experience the evil of covering and keeping close his sins and the benefit of acknowledgment and confession Psal 32.3 4 5. When I kept silence my bones waxed old through my roaring all the day long for day and night thine hand was heavy upon me my moisture is turned into the drought of Summer Selah I acknowledged my sin unto thee and my iniquity have I not hid I said I will confess my transgressions unto the Lord and thou forgavest the iniquity of my sin Selah Sinners make a full confession of your sins that you may have a full pardon and discharge do not hide any sin as a sweet morsel under your tongue it is a vain thing to seek and endeavour the hiding of any sin from him who is omniscient God hath knowledg of all your Iniquities do you therefore acknowledg all unto him Make free confession of your sins Stay not till God force you by his Scourges and even drag you unto it by his cords of affliction but let it be your voluntary act and be ingenuous herein mingle not your confession with excuses and extenuations Say not though you are bad yet you are not so bad as others that your hearts are good though your lives have been naught that such and such gross sins were your slips and failings that you were overtaken overperswaded and drawn unto such wicked practices by your companions and so by transferring your guilt endeavour to make your selves as Innocent as you can this is abominable in the sight of God and a certain sign of sin's dominion which is inconsistent with the remission of it and will shut you out from pardoning Mercy but in confession of your sins acknowledg your selves to have been the chief of sinners Sinners take all the blame to your selves and set your sins out in the deepest Crimson and Scarlet colours and with all their hainous circumstances and aggravations tell God that your heart is the worst part and if there have been some abominations found in your lives there are a thousand-fold more abominations in your hearts Confess your sins with humility and self-loathing say with Agur Prov. 30.2 Surely I am more brutish than any man and have not the understanding of a man with David Psal 73.22 So foolish was I and ignorant I was as a Beast before thee with Job Chap. 42.6 I abhor my self and repent in dust and ashes Confess your sins with shame like Ezra Chap. 9.6 O my God I am ashamed and blush to lift my face unto thee for our iniquities are increased over our head and our trespass is grown up unto the Heavens Confess your sins with grief and godly sorrow like David Psal 39.18 I will declare mine iniquity I will be sorry for sin 3. Make Application of Christ by Faith that you may attain forgiveness There is no other Name given under Heaven amongst men whereby you can be pardoned and saved Acts 4.12 And he is able to save you and procure a pardon for you in the uttermost extent of your most hainous guilt Heb. 7.25 And the reason is given in the same Verse because he ever liveth to make Intercession for sinners it is his Office as High-Priest wherein he is most merciful and faithful to make Reconciliation for the sins of the People Heb. 2.17 Christ is near to the Father being at his right hand in Heaven and hath great interest in him being his dearly beloved Son and his Intercession for pardon is always accepted it being for no more than what himself hath purchased and what his Father hath promised and therefore you that are the worst of Sinners have great encouragement to come unto Christ and to make Application of him you have his promise that whosoever cometh unto him he will in no wise cast out Joh. 6.37 and if you apply your selves unto him and apply unto your selves his merits and Righteousness by believing you shall certainly attain the forgiveness of all your sins however numerous and hainous they have been Acts 10.43 To him give all the Prophets witness that through his Name whosoever believeth in him shall receive remission of sins And our Saviour himself telleth us Joh. 3.16 God so loved the World that he gave his only begotten Son that whosoever believeth in him should not perish but have everlasting life And the Apostle doth discourse at large in the former part of his Epistle to the Romans concerning Justification which he proveth by manifold Arguments that it cannot be works that it must be by Faith therefore by Faith make Application of Christ and his imputed Righteousness and rest therein only that you may be justified that you may be pardoned and saved 4. Forsake every sin that you may attain the forgiveness of it Prov. 28.13 He that confesseth and forsaketh his sins shall find mercy Isa 55.7 Let the wicked forsake his way and the unrighteous man his thoughts and return to the Lord for he will have mercy upon him and to our God for he will abundantly pardon him Isa 1.16 17 18. Wash ye make ye clean put away the evil of your doing from before mine eyes cease to do evil learn to do well seek judgment relieve the oppressed judg the fatherless plead for the widow Come now and let us reason together saith the Lord though your sins be as Scarlet they shall be as white as Snow though they be red like Crimson they shall be as Wool You must loath your sins that you may be pardoned and withal you must leave them you must cease from doing evil if you would have God cease from his displeasure and unless you do forsake your sins never expect that God should forgive them there must be a returning to God that you may be received unto favour and this cannot be without a turning from sin It would be a dishonour unto God to pardon you
whilst that you continue in your rebellions and wage War still against Heaven by going on still in your trespasses 5. Make your Supplication unto God and be earnest in Prayer unto him that he would forgive you your sins it is against God that your sins have been committed and it is God's Prerogative to remit and pardon and though he pardon freely for his Name 's sake yet he will be enquired after and sought unto for his high favour Isa 43.25 26. I even I am he that blotteth out thy Transgressions for mine own sake and will not remember thy sins Put me in remembrance c. If you would have pardon you must ask it if you would find God's favour you must seek it if you desire the door of Mercy to be opened unto you you must knock at the door by earnest Prayer Mat. 7.7 Hence are David's earnest cryes in Prayer for pardoning Mercy in so many of his Psalms especially Psal 51. in the first verse Have Mercy upon me O God according to thy loving kindness according to the multitude of thy tender Mercies blot out my transgressions v. 9. Hide thy face from my sins and blot out mine iniquities v. 14. Deliver me from Blood-guiltiness O God thou God of my Salvation c. Be earnest in Prayer at the Throne of Grace for this blessedness of forgiveness wrestle with God by importunate Supplications fill your mouths with Arguments plead the gracious disposition of God the multitude of his tender Mercies and the riches of his free Grace plead the Glory of his Name which would greatly be advanced and admired if your great sins might be pardoned plead the merits of Christ and Satisfaction given to his justice by his Son together with his Intercession for you at his right hand plead the promises of the Covenant of Grace and his faithfulness which doth engage him to fulfil them humble believing fervent Prayer will prevail for forgiveness 6. Forgive others if you would that God should forgive you Mat. 6.11 Forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors v. 14 15. For if you forgive men their trespasses your heavenly Father will also forgive you but if you forgive not men their trespasses neither will your heavenly Father forgive your trespasses If you do not forgive the hundred Pence of smaller offences unto your fellow-servants you will be called to an account and imprisoned in Hell and there tormented for the ten thousand Talents of hainous transgressions which you have committed against your Lord Mat. 18. at the latter end of that Chap. If you bear hatred and malice and revenge in your hearts against others whatever their offences their wrongs or injuries have been you put your selves out of capacity of obtaining pardoning Mercy Do not say I forgive such a one who hath wronged me but I will never forget him for this is a deceit of your hearts whereby you seek to stop the mouth of your consciences that they may not trouble you by these Scriptures for if you do not forget injuries so as to carry it towards such Persons as if they had not wronged you so as to love them cordially and to be ready to shew kindness unto them you do not forgive them and so you cannot be forgiven by God If then you would be pardoned by God you must from the heart forgive others receive the Exhortation of the Apostle Eph. 4.31 32. Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamour and evil speaking be put away from you with all malice And be kind one to another tender-hearted forgiving one another even as God for Christ's sake hath forgiven you Thus I have finished my Answer unto the two Queries wherein doth appear the blessedness of forgiveness and how this blessedness may be attained and now give me leave to borrow a little room for some Application Application I might speak much here by way of comfort unto pardoned Persons but the most that I have already spoken yea all that I have spoken under the first Query may be turned into a Use of comfort to your selves and therefore referring you thither I shall pass you by and bend my speech only unto you that are unpardoned too many of whom are to be found in every Assembly and therefore I cannot think that this Assembly is free I shall take leave to chide you in a Use of Reproof endeavour to awaken you in a Use of Terror and in the conclusion press you to endeavour after this blessedness of forgiveness in an Use of Exhortation Vse 1. For Reproof Is there such blessedness in forgiveness Whence is it then that so many of you neglect this blessedness in the neglect of your pardon Are not all of you sinners Have not all of you need of forgiveness Will not your own Consciences tell you that forgiveness is a great priviledg And have not Ministers often told you of this priviledg and the way of attaining it Hath not God by them held forth a pardon to you and used many arguments with you that you would accept it Whence is it then that so many of you slight and undervalue it as if it were of no worth Whence is it that so many of you are without pardon when profered when none of you are without sins often committed and those highly aggravated and whereby your Souls are so greatly endangered May not Robbers and Murderers and other notorious Malefactors rise up in judgment against you that are without a pardon When such Persons are apprehended found guilty and condemned though but unto a temporal death they will make all friends and use all means to escape and O! how welcome is a pardon to them And yet though you are all guilty of sin and condemned for it unto eternal death and a pardon is purchased proclaimed and profered unto you there are too many of you that slight and neglect it that have no earnest desire after it and hitherto have not been perswaded by any arguments to make use of the means which God hath appointed with any diligence for the obtaining of it Who is there that to any purpose doth look after a pardon Who do diligently hear for it earnestly pray for it Who do make full and free confession of sin that you may attain remission of it Who do prize Christ and by Faith make application of him that they may have a pardon by him Who do forsake sin which God absolutely requires of all to whom he doth forgive sin Who do when injur'd heartily forgive others as they desire God would forgive them Sinners will not many of your consciences accuse you of unpardoned guilt unto which you have added the neglect of forgiveness And is not your sin hereby doubled and most highly aggravated and the guilt of it fastned upon you Vse 2. Let me tell you by way of Terror for your awakening that God is displeased with all workers of iniquity but he is most highly displeased with you that slight his mercy
Your sins are inexcusable your condemnation is unavoidable and your punishment hereafter in Hell will be most dreadful and intolerable Possibly now you are careless and secure sin is sweet and conscience is quiet you are at ease and conscience asleep but will this ease and sleep always continue Is there not a time coming when you shall be awakened If you are not awakened under God's Word may not God awaken you under his Rod If you are not awakened under God's threatnings will you not awake when he cometh to execution If you are secure in the midst of outward peace and prosperity can you be secure in the midst of trouble and adversity Think what you will do when death doth approach Think what a dreadful aspect unpardoned sin will have when you are brought down unto the sides of the pit to the brink and border of eternity and when you are summoned to make your appearance before the highest Majesty O the horrour that then will seize you O the fearfulness that then will surprise you To have the black guilt of drunkenness or swearing of uncleanness or deceiving or any other iniquity to stare you then in the face O how dismal will it be and affrighting And think with what rage and fury your consciences will then reflect upon your fore-past sins especially your neglect of a pardon then unattainable and how tormenting will this be unto you You may then cry out Lord have mercy on us Christ have mercy on us But will God then hear you who have refused to hearken unto him Will Christ regard you who have neglected refused and shut the door of your hearts against him all your days But sinners what will you do at the day of judgment when the Lord Jesus shall come in flaming fire to take vengeance upon you for unpardoned sins That great day will certainly come and it will quickly be here Time runs away swiftly and it will quickly be run out yet a little while and the Angel will lift up his hand and cry with a loud voice and swear by him that liveth for ever and ever that time shall be no longer Rev. 10.5 6. Then the mystery will be finished the prophesie accomplished and the whole frame of this visible world dissolved the Sun then and the Moon will be darkened and the Stars will fall unto the earth as the fig-tree casteth her untimely figs when she is shaken of a mighty wind and the heavens themselves then shall be rolled together as a great scroll and so pass away with a great noise the earth and all the elements shall be on fire and consume away on that day when the Lord Jesus Christ shall appear from Heaven with Millions of mighty Angels in power and brightness of majesty and then you must come out of your graves and will stand trembling before Christ's great Tribunal and none of you will be able to hide your selves under any Rock or Mountain from his angry face Then then you will fully know what a priviledg it is to be pardoned when you see where pardoned persons are placed when you see them gathered to the right hand of the great Judg and there acquitted openly owned graciously and crowned by him with honour and glory and invited by him to take possession of those eternal habitations of rest and joy in his Kingdom prepared for them by his Father But O the tearings of spirit and heart-vexing tormenting grief which you will have that no place is found for you amongst them that through your neglect of pardoning mercy you have forfeited and eternally lost a share in eternal glory and not only so but have by sin also plunged your selves into a bottomless gulf of endless misery Think how dreadful the irreversible sentence of condemnation will be unto you Depart from me ye cursed into everlasting fire prepared for the Devil and his Angels Alas Alas sinners what will you do no thought can conceive what your horror will be when you come to reap the bitter fruit of all your unpardoned sins It is the punishment of Hell Sinners which the guilt of sin unremoved doth oblige you to undergo And therefore I am sent this day to forewarn you and in the name of my Master to foretel you that if you do not now sue out for and obtain this forgiveness of sin your sin hereafter will bring eternal ruine and destruction of soul and body in Hell Without a pardon profaneness will be your ruine Some of you it may be can swear and curse and blaspheme the Name of God hereafter God will swear in his wrath that you shall not enter into his rest and you shall be banished out of Christ's presence with a curse Depart from me ye cursed c. Those tongues which have been so liberal of oaths and blasphemies must be tormented in flames of fire without one drop of water to cool them Without a pardon drunkenness will be your ruine you that have so often enflamed your selves with wine and strong drink God will enflame you with the wine of his vengeance he will make you to drink the dregs of his wrath which is at the bottom of the cup of his indignation Without a pardon uncleanness will be your ruine your pleasures are empty and of short continuance but your pains will be full hereafter and they will abide for ever Without a pardon unrighteousness will be your ruine your unrighteous gains one day will prove your unspeakable loss and God will be the avenger of all such upon you as have been wronged and defrauded by you Without a pardon your neglect of Christ and Salvation will be your ruine and if you persevere in this neglect it is impossible that you should escape Sinners think seriously and think frequently of your unpardoned iniquities and withal think of the dreadful punishment they will bring upon you think of your eternal damnation unto the most exquisite torments of Hell and then drink on swear on and scoff your fill be unholy and profane unjust and unclean if you think good but know that for all these sins God will bring you to judgment know that these iniquities unpardoned will be your ruine Should I tell you of one that were condemned for some vile fact to be slay'd alive or burnt alive or sawn asunder or dragg'd to pieces with wild horses or starv'd with hunger and cold or any other ways cruelly tortured to death but that he might escape all this misery if he would accept of a pardon ready provided for him and withal leave off such vile facts for the future you would count him worse than mad should he neglect his pardon and expose himself to ruine and misery through his carelesness and obstinacy And yet though you are condemned for sin to far worse torment and misery that which is more dreadful than ten thousand painful deaths and all this mischief and punishment may be avoided and escaped if you will accept of the pardon
Apostle had shewed the Ephesians their Race and Course of Duties which they had to run in Eph. 4.5 6. 1.9 He acquainteth them also what oppositions they might expect and what Enemies they had to grapple with and what a Panoply or Armour they must put on and use Eph. 6.10 18. that so their Course might be successful 3. By finishing the Course with joy is meant to have it managed and compleated so as that the Comforts Prize and Glory of it might be theirs who run to discharge Trust and Duty with all Activity Prudence Constancy and Delight to face and conquer Difficulties with such masculine courage and success as best becomes the Spirit Hopes and Furniture of a Christian to make our matchless estimation of approaching Glory remarkable in all our strokes and steps No man is crowned that strives not lawfully 2 Tim. 2.5 Our Motions must be persevering swift and even and herein answerable to the great ends of God Christ in calling us to our Trust and Care and all our warrantable ends in our voluntary undertaking to be Combatants and Racers to hold Integrity so fast to prize the Crown so much to watch over Hearts so strictly and discipline the whole Man so exactly as that the Gospel may not be ashamed to own us nor Christ ashamed of us Our Trust nor Talents must not be imbezeled nor managed with slightness nor falshood nor any way abused by us lest those Comforts should be lost that are before us as the determined recompence of faithful Racers For God resolves to render to every man as his work shall be Rom. 2.6 10. 2 Cor. 5.10 Jer. 17.10 We know the Apostle's Care and Counsel 1 Cor. 9.24 27. Phil. 2.12 He knew all running would not serve the turn and he was apprehensive of all those Dangers Snares and Oppositions which called for universal Watchfulness Resolution Care and Courage and knew the Crown of Life could never fit the Sluggard's or Coward 's Temples Nor will God prejudice the Interest of Religion nor restrain and mortifie all those awakening Arguments which are to be derived from this Principle and Topick viz. That only faithful Racers must be Crowned with Life and Joys Query 2. How far must love to Life be conquered and subdued and every thing be disregarded for the right finishing of our course with joy 1. These things must be distinguished in order to the understanding of the Nature and Measure of this Duty and Attainment 1. It is one thing what may be loved and valued simply and abstractedly as only considered in it self and 't is another thing what may be loved and valued as compared with something else And 2. It is one thing what degree of value of Love and Care may suit the excellency and importance of the Object and another thing what may exceed it 3. It is one thing how I may love a thing when consistent with and conducing to our best Concernment and 't is another thing how I may love what is withdrawn from and set against it And 4. It is one thing to have Affections to be Snares and Hindrances and another thing to have them Helps and Furtherances to something better And 5. A moderate and subordinate love is one thing and a supreme and co-ordinate love is another And 6. It is one thing to love with true submission to God's commanding and disposing Will and another thing to love to the prejudice of God's Prerogative and Providence so as to murmur and quarrel with the great Jehovah for what he doth 2. And upon these Distinctions may we ground these following Propositions and Conclusions 1. Life and the Comforts of it are eligible and desirable as they are considered in themselves and in this sense God hath not forbidden the loving of them They come from God as emanations and expressions of his Goodness They are good and perfect gifts and lovely in their kind and plaees for had not Life been lovely it could have been no punishment to dye for all punishment is Malum Physicum propter Malum Morale and when it is laid in a privation the want cannot be evil if the thing we are deprived of be not good and lovely nor could the promise of long life have been a quickning Argument to Holiness and Duty as it is 1 Pet. 3.10 11. Exod. 20.12 had we not loved it Nor would God have promised to us as a Mercy what is not good and lovely Adam in Innocence had the love of Life implanted in him he did ill in that he feared the loss of Life too little to make him regularly careful to preserve it And it had been no argument of awful cogency that he should dye upon transgression had not the love of Life been deeply rooted and implanted in him for who can rationally fear the loss of what he cares not for It is plain that Adam's love to Life was the result of God's Creation and therefore good for it was in him in his Innocence And the Argument was framed to prevent Transgression as something possible but not yet existent and God was never angry with him till he through sin had forfeited his Life and this proved his love to Life to be every way consistent with a state of Innocence And for all the Comforts of Life they are desirable in themselves and lovely As Relation Eph. 5.25 Liberty 1 Cor. 7.21 and Birth-priviledges Acts 22.28 Credit Prov. 22.1 Outward Supplies Prov. 30.8 Yea Plenty of them Eccl. 7.11 10.10 And it is impossible and inhumane for any man simply to desire and attempt his own personal Misery and Destruction yea it is his sin to do it See Acts 26.29 Neither doth Grace it self mortifie or correct our love to Life and all its Comforts as simply considered in themselves for if it did it could neither be the trial nor the commendation of a gracious sober Christian to part with Life and Comforts since it would only be demanding from him what he cared not for Gen 22.1 2 12. 2. Life and the Comforts of it have their subserviency to better things and thus it is more our Duty not to disregard them Life makes us capable of serving God and of the enjoyment of him Our spiritual and eternal Life suppose natural Life and further 't is our state of usefulness and trial We cannot actually serve God any further or our Generation longer than we have our Lives and Beings here The usefulness and comforts of Relations are reciprocal How can I see or serve God with what I have not They are my helps and trust and trials Relations may be mutually won and ripened for eternal Glory by each others Conversation 1 Pet. 3.1 Credit is valuable because of usefulness to others and our own necessary confidences and encouragements 1 Tim. 3.7 Places of Honour and important Trust must not be disregarded Joseph Mordecai and Daniel were greatly serviceable through their great interest and estimation in their respective Princes Courts
and light transient tasts and relishes are no evidences we must have these better things to bear up our hearts against the coming of the Bridegroom It sufficeth â—ot to be enrolled among Professors and to enjoy the charitable thoughts and approbations of the wisest Virgins under Heaven It is singular mercy to be rightly guided in self-esteem and valuation for they that measure themselves by themselves or compare themselves among themselves are not wise The Apostle 2 Cor. 10.12 would not have us to take up with the positive degree of good things but to take our aims by the comparative of better These good things are more light ineffectual and superficial and too often like the Seal that is impressed upon bare Paper whereas these better things are like the Seal's impression on the Wax Yet let no trembling Soul or broken reed be affrighted at the end of these foolish Virgins to see the Door thus shut against them the tender heart of Jesus Christ aimeth not at our consternation but awaking and to prepare and hasten us unto Glory before the Key be turned Nor doth his Apostle in the foresaid place despise the day of small things but his real scope and purpose is to excite Professors to look carefully to their foundations and then to go on unto perfection Heb. 6.1 And blessed for ever be the Lord for the second part of that sixth Chapter to the Hebrews in the close whereof we may see the afflicted heart tossed with tempests and not comforted yet hoping in Mercy and fleeing to Jesus as his Refuge and casting the Anchor of his floating Soul within the Vail whither the Fore-runner is entred for us who himself was once tossed in the Ship of the Militant Church albeit without sin but is now gone ashore to heaven as our fore-runner both to look to our Anchor which is fastned there and to hold all fast and to draw our tossed Ship to shore and to see all safe that where our fore-runner is there may we be also And thus the sweet conclusion of that Chapter doth fully recompence the severity of its beginning Let us comfort our selves and one another with these things Thirdly You have heard the miserable condition of such especially Professors of the Gospel and Pretenders to Christ who have Grace to seek at his coming As for the hapy state of such as are ready to enter in with him into the Bride-chamber of eternal peace and joy I shall speak a little in the Close Now therefore in the remainder of this Exercise it will be expected as seasonable that it be considered What gifts of Grace are chiefly to be in exercise in order to an actual Preparation for the coming of Christ by Death and Judgment For his coming is first by Death and then by Judgment And I say an actual Preparation because there is always a general and habitual preparedness to meet Christ Jesus in hearts that are truly godly but not always a particular actual fitness And this we see here in the five wise Virgins who are found in their midnight-sleep with Lamps that have need of trimming at the coming of Christ Thus Hezekiah was fit to dye as to a general and habitual fitness in that he could assert his sincerity before God when the message of death was brought him but he was to seek of a particular actual fitness in that he begs for longer life with prayers and plenty of tears The Message of Death awaked him and the holy man is startled and hath his Lamp to trim for the tidings of his death at hand was as much in effect as if it had been said unto him by the Prophet Behold the Bridegroom cometh go forth Hezekiah to meet him The nature of his distemper which some by the remedy a lump of Figs applied to the Bile conceive to have been the Pestilence and this considered with the shortness and sharpness of the Message and the Prophet Isaiah's quick abrupt departure from him that the King had then no Heir to succeed him in the Throne and also that he was now at the full strength of Nature being but nine and thirty years of age and his fear also what might become of his Kingdom and of his former Reformation after the grand Apostasie of his Father Ahaz I say these considerations made him to apprehend that there was a rebuke of God in this present Dispensation and therefore he is loth to dye under a temporal frown albeit his a vowed integrity would at the worst have seen him safe at heaven For though a Child of God cannot dye in his debt yet he is unwilling to depart under the sense of his temporal displeasure so as the good Prophet did whom the Lion slew at his return from Bethel to Judah 2 Kings 13.24 When David therefore was under God's rebukes for sin and even almost consumed with the blow of his hand he betakes himself as Hezekiah did to prayers and tears saith he Psal 39.10 11. to the end Hear my prayer O Lord and give ear to my Cry hold not thy peace at my tears for I am a stranger with thee and a Sojourner as all my Fathers were O spare me that I may recover strength before I go hence and be no more Thus you see that the dear Children of God who have a general and habitual fitness to meet Jesus Christ when he is coming to them by Death and Judgment may yet be to seek of a particular actual preparation 2. Before I come to the answer of the Question let me premise this also That though a state of Grace is here supposed seeing Grace cannot be exercised where it is not yet there may be need to have it cleared inasmuch as the want thereof is a great hinderance in the way of this Duty You know that one that feareth God and obeyeth the voice of his Servant Jesus Christ may yet walk in darkness and see no light Isa 50.10 and he may say with Jonah he is cast out of God's sight and his soul is filled with troubles when his life draweth nigh unto the Grave wherefore let your eye be not only on your Lamp but also on your Vessel and examine your Oyl as well as mind your light For though you have received an Vnction from the Holy One and felt the sweet influences of the Spirit and have had the witness in your self yet the Comforter which sometimes relieved your Soul may at the present be far from you and suspend his testimony for Grace inherent is not self-enlightning but like the Moon which holdeth forth Light no longer than the Sun shineth upon it and though the Diall hath its Lines and Figures to declare the time of the day yet you will be to seek if the Sun withdraw hiâ— Light Even thus though the Spirit of God hath drawn the Lines and Figures of his Gifts and Graces in your heart yet if he also do not shine upon them you will not know what
you to be Christians nor better than Infidels and Heathens Look not that men should think you better than your fruits do manifest you to be nor that they take you to be good for saying that you are good nor judge you to excel others any further than your works are better than others And marvel not if the World ask What do you more than others when Christ himself doth ask the same Matth. 5.47 If ye salute your Brethren and those of your own Opinion and way and if ye love them that love you and say as ye say do not even Publicans and Infidels do the same Matth. 5.46 Marvel not if men judge you according to your works when God himself will do so who knoweth the heart He that is all for himself may love himself and think well of himself but must not expect much love from others Selfishness is the Boil or Imposthume of Societies where the Blood and Spirits have an inordinate Afflux till their corruption torment or gangrene the part While men are all for themselves and would draw all to themselves instead of loving their Neighbour as themselves and the Publick Good above themselves they do but hurt and destroy themselves for they forfeit their communion with the body and deserve that none should care for them who care for none but themselves To a Genuine Christian another's good rejoyceth him as if it were his own and how much then hath such a one continually to feed his joy and he is careful to supply another's wants as if they were his own But the scandalous selfish hypocrite doth live quietly and sleep easily if he be but well himself and it go well with his Party however it go with all his Neighbours or with the Church or with the World To himself he is fallen to himself he liveth himself he loveth himself he seeketh and himself that is his temporal prosperity he will advance and save if he can whatever his Religion be and yet himself he destroyeth and will lose It is not well considered in the World how much of sin consisteth in the narrow Contraction of mens love and regard unto their natural selves and how much of goodness consisteth in a Community of love and what a glory it is to the Government and Laws of God that he maketh it so noble and necessary a part of every man's duty to love all men and to do good to all as he is able though with a difference God could do us all good enough by Himself alone without one another But what a mercy is it to the World that as many Persons as there are so many there are obliged by God to love their Neighbours as themselves and to do good to all about them And what a mercy is it to the Actor that God will thus make him the Instrument and Messenger of his Beneficence Ministers and Christians all Would you be thought better than others Are you angry with men that think otherwise of you What good do you more than others in your places What good do you that other men 〈◊〉 see and feel and taste and judge of Every man loveth himself and can feel what doth him good in natural things And God that by giving you food and other mercies to your bodies would have you therein taste his love to your Souls would use you just so for your Brethrens good Do you give them good words and counsel It is well But that is not it that they can yet taste and value You must do that sort of good for them which they can know and relish not that this will save them or is any great matter of it self no more than God's common bodily mercies to you but this is the best way to get down better And he that seeth his Brother have need and shutteth up the bowels of his compassion from him how dwelleth the love of God in him 1 Joh. 3.17 Give to him that asketh and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away Matth. 5.42 That is let not want of Charity hinder thee at any time from giving though want of ability may hinder thee and prudence may restrain thee and must guide thee If you say Alas we have it not to give I answer 1. Do what you can 2. Shew by your compassion that you would if you could Take care of your poor Brethren 3. Beg of others for them and put on those that can to do it Say not These carnal people value nothing but carnal things and cannot perceive a man's love by spiritual benefits For it is not Grace but the means and out-side of things spiritual that you can give them and for ought I see the most of us all do very hardly believe God's own love to us if he deny us bodily mercies If you languish in poverty crosses and painful sickness any thing long your murmuring sheweth that you do not sufficiently taste God's goodness without the help of bodily sense And can you expect that natural men believe you to be good for your bare words when you so hardly think well of God himself though he promise you Life Eternal unless he also give you bodily supplies VIII He that will glorifie his Religion and God before men must be strictly just in all his dealings just in governing just in trading and bargaining just to Superiours and to Inferiours to Friends and to Enemies just in performing all his promises and in giving every man his Right He that in love must part with his own Right for his Neighbour's greater good must not deprive another of his Right for Charity includeth Justice as a lower Vertue is included in a higher and more perfect He must not be unjust for himself for riches or any worldly ends he must not be unjust for Friends or Kindred he must not be drawn to it by fear or flattery no price must hire him to do an unrighteous deed But above all he must never be unjust as for Religion as if God either needed or countenanced a lye or any iniquity No men are more scandalous dishonourers of Religion and of God than they that think it lawful to deceive or lye or be perjured or break Covenants or be rebellious or use any sinful means to secure or promote Religion as if God were not able to accomplish his Ends by righteous means This cometh from Atheism and Unbeliâ—f when men think that God will lose his Cause unless our wits and sinful shifts preserve it as if we and not He were the Rulers of the world The unrighteous shall not inherit the Kingdom of God 1 Cor. 6.9 and seldom scape the hatred or contempt of men IX He that will glorifie God must know and observe the Order of Commands and Duties and that God will have Mercy and not Sacrifice and must prefer the End before the Means as such He must not pretend a lesser Duty against a greater nor take the lesser at that time for a Duty
but for a sin when the greater should take place God hath made his Laws and our Duty to be the means of our own good It is no profaneness but duty to omit that which else would be a duty when a greater is to be preferred God calls it the Sacrifice of a Fool who knoweth not that he doth evil under the name of duty when Sacrifice is preferred before an obedient hearing of Gods Commands Eccl. 5.1 2 3. It was no want of holy zeal in Christ which made him bid the unreconciled leave thy Gift at the Altar and first go and be reconciled to thy Brother and then come and offer thy Gift Matth. 5.24 Some zealous Persecutors Censurers and Dividers now would think I spake like an ungodly person if I should say to them Let your Liturgy and your Prayers and your Worship stay till you have confessed and lamented your injuries to your Brethren and then come and offer your service to God and lift up pure hands to him without wrath and doubting yet is it no more than God often calls for to the hypocritical Jews Isa 1.11 c. To what purpose is the multitude of your Sacrifices when ye come and appear before me Who hath required this at your hands to tread in my Courts Bring no more vain Oblations Incense is an abomination to me When ye spread forth your hands I will hide mine eyes when ye make many prayers I will not hear your hands are full of bloud Wash you make you clean Relieve the oppressed Isa 58.2.3 c. They seek me daily and delight to know my ways as a Nation that did righteousness and forsook not the Ordinances of their God they ask of me the Ordinances of Justice they take delight in approaching to God Wherefore have we fasted and thou seest not Have we afflicted our Soul and thou takest no knowledge Ye fast for strife and debate and to smite with the fist of wickedness Ye shall not fast as this day to make your voice to be heard on high Is it such a fast that I have chosen a day for a man to afflict his Soul to bow down his head as a bull-rush and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him Wilt thou call this a fast and an acceptable day to the Lord Is not this the fast that I have chosen to loose the bands of wickedness and to let the oppressed go free and that ye break every yoke Is it not to deal thy bread to the hungry and that thou bring the poor that are cast out to thy house When thou seest the naked that thou cover him and that thou hide not thy self from thy own flesh Then shall thy Light break forth as the Morning and thy health shall spring forth speedily and thy righteousness shall go before thee the glory of the Lord shall be thy reward Then shalt thou call and the Lord shall answer thou shalt cry and he shall say Here I am It is a point that our Lord Jesus layeth a great stress upon He purposely healeth on the Sabbath day and tells the censorious Pharisees The Sabbath was made for man and not man for the Sabbath that is the end which is man's good is to be preferred before the means nay it is no means and so no duty which is against it He defendeth his Disciples for getting themselves food as they passed in the Corn-fields and he teacheth them the lawfulness of the Priest's labour on the Sabbath and of David's eating of the Shew-bread and at two several times doth tell them that God will have Mercy and not Sacrifice and biddeth them go learn what that meaneth Mat. 4.13 and Mat. 12.7 And it is not only Pharisees but many better men who have need to go learn the meaning of that Sentence The meaning i◠this that caeteris paribus the great duties of the Law of Nature are to take place before the positive Institutions God's Institutions are for man's good whatever is a duty is also a means to the happiness of man and pleasing of God which is the end of all Love to God and 〈◊〉 greater than all the instituted means of them as such therefore 〈◊〉 no duty which is no means or is against the Instituter's end Preaching and Prayer must be omitted for some works of love and humane good Discipline is a duty when it is a means to the end for which it is ordained But when it would hinder or destroy that end the reputation of Religion and the glory of God's Holiness and the Churche's good it is no duty but a sin To omit a Sacrament to break the Rest of the Lord's day to forbear the Sacred Assemblies may be a duty when the good of men requireth them Ordination is a duty when it is a means to its proper end But if it were pleaded against those ends and order set against the thing ordered even the work of the Ministry the case would be altered When men mistake and mis-time and mis-place God's Institutions to the excluding of the great Moral duties which are their end and perswade men to that as a part of Religion which would certainly do more hurt than good they scandalously drive men away from Religion Thus imprudent scandalous Professors can backbite and reproach others and make them odious and destroy Christian Love and Peace and Concord on pretence of Zeal for Order Government Ceremonies Forms or for this or that Mode of Discipline or Worship not having learned what this meaneth I will have Mercy and not Sacrifice nor that Forms and External Institutions were made for man and not man for them And yet I know that this will not justifie the Familist or Hypocrite who thinks that he may do any thing to save his flesh Do you think it is not a scandal to Turks or other Infidels tempting them to deride or hate Christianity to find the Papists placing their Merits in hurtful Pilgrimages which waste that time which should be spent and in a multitude of unprofitable Ceremonies and in unwholesome food and injuries to health under the Names of Abstinence and Mortification By this Rule they may next perswade us that it will please God if men famish or hang themselves and consequently if they do so by others For we must love our Neighbour but as our selves God himself hath made all our Religion so suitable to our good that he expecteth not that we should take any thing for our duty but what he giveth us Evidence in the thing or security by his promise shall be our gain He that worketh upon self-love and winneth man by a Saviour and a glorious reward and proveth the goodness of all his Word and ways as to our happiness hath instituted none of his Ordinances to our hurt The Apostles had their power only to Edification and not the Destruction or hurt of Souls 2 Cor. 10.8 and 13.10 Let all things be done to Edifying 1 Cor. 14.26 is a word of greater comprehension