not only the Vnlearned but the Vnstable also wrest the Scriptures to their own destruction II. VNSTABLE WHO those are is now easier to determine if what hath been said of the other be admitted They are such as do not stedfastly believe what they have learnt who having entertained the Truth do not stick to those Principles of Natural Light and plain Revelation nor are setled in them but sometimes believe them and sometimes question or disbelieve them Such persons the same St. Paul also describes in the Christian Church who were tossed up and down with every wind of Doctrine and could six no where but rolled in uncertainty from one Opinion to another till they lost themselves in Infidelity IV. Eph. 14. The Principles they had received were floating in their mind and never came to any certain constant resolution which made them apt on all occasions to pervert the Scriptures according as their own Fancy or the confident suggestion of some bold Seducer inclined them For some men deliver the vainest Conceit with such an assurance and earnest Zeal that they may be well compared to a violent blast which carries those along with it who are not setled and confirmed in their Belief I may make many more words about this but I shall scarce make it plainer and therefore I will not endeavour it But now desire you to mind what course these words thus explained direct us to take that we may be preserved from abusing the liberty we have of consulting on all occasions with the Oracles of God There is some Learning you see required to the understanding of the Holy Scriptures But you need not go far to seek it for it consists only in the knowledge of such Natural Truths as are ingraven upon our own minds and of those plain Doctrines of Christianity which are revealed in God's Word so clearly that there is no Controversie about them especially of the great Design of Christianity which St. John expresses in this short Sentence These things write I unto you that ye sin not This is very solid and deep Learning to know that the first and chief End of Divine Writings is to teach us to live well and the next follows in the next words of St. John 1. II. 1. If any man sin we have an Advocate with the Father Jesus Christ the righteous c Be not discouraged if contrary to the grent Design of Christianity you fall into sin but hope for Mercy through the Propitiation made by Christ Jesus who will intercede for the sius of those who heartily make this their main design and business not to sin Which Truths of both sorts we must take some pains to six in our rainds and root in our hearts that our belief of them may not be shaken by any other perswasion whatsoever much less by any sudden conceit which starts up in our minds or is suggested to us by others And the way to do that is to live by them for nothing settles knowledge so much as saithful practice according to it especially when we are setled in this practice For those St. Peter calls unstable Souls in the Chapter before this v. 14. apt to be beguiled and insnared who had not arrived at a setled resolution and an habitual course of well-doing Now when this is done which must be our first Work there is but one Rule which I shall propose because if well followed it comprehends all in it to make our reading the Holy Scriptures safe and secure Which is this Never to admit any Interpretation of Scripture from others or fasten any sense upon them our selves which contradicts those known Truths which we have learned and in which we are fixed as the undoubted Mind and Will of God They must be the measure of all the rest by them we must judge of all things whether they be true or false Whatsoever overthrows them and will not consist with them must be rejected It must not make us doubt of them but they must make us conclude it is a safe Interpretation And on the other side whatsoever agrees with them though it should happen not to be the proper meaning of a place of Scripture into which we inquire it can do no harm if it be entertained And here now I shall do these three things First Show how we are to use this Rule Secondly How necessary it is to keep to it Thirdly How readily thereby we may salve many seeming difficulties in the Holy Scripture at least pass by them safely if we observe it I. Concerning the first I shall only say these two things I. First That we must never admit any Interpretation on a sudden till we have examined how it agrees with the Principles of known and undoubted Truth Fancy will be suggesting things to us and if we be not attentive will sometimes insinuate very absurd Notions into our Belief Here therefore our care and labour is required to bring along with us to the reading of Holy Scripture such a sense of God and of our known Duty to him and of the end and intention of Religion that it may be ready at hand to correct our extempore conceits and apprehensions which will be forward to mislead us And if they represent any thing to us which makes Him unjust or unmerciful if they plainly lead us to negligence and carelesness in our Duty if they strike at the end of the Commandment which is Charity out of a pure heart and a good conscience and faith unfeigned we must as suddenly lay them aside as they obtrude themselves upon us For that cannot be the Mind of God which crosses the Natural Notions we all have of Him or thwarts the plain Revelations He hath made of his blessed Nature and Will or tends to make us less diligent in his service less zealous of good works unto which we are created and formed in Christ Jesus that we should walk in them II. Ephes 10. And we are all concerned to watch carefully lest any thing of this kind insinuate it self to the high dishonour of Almighty God and the infinite hazard of our immortal Souls And to watch not only when we are reading the Holy Scriptures but II. Secondly At all other times we must use due care lest our thoughts lead us to form any Opinions which are contrary to the known Principles of Humanity and Christianity The thoughts of men are restless and are apt to cast themselves into a thousand shapes and frame innumerable conceits Now if we let any settle in our minds which agree not with the Truths I have often named they will not fail to be intermedling when we read the Scriptures and draw it to speak in their favour contrary to its meaning There is no private Opinion which we have received but we are naturally desirous to have it justified and confirmed and therefore we had need take care to entertain none that are inconsistent with Piety for they will be sure to catch at every
eyes that if we do not wilfully shut them we cannot but read it to our infinite satisfaction For so God loved the world saith our Lord Himself that he gave his only begotten Son that whosoever believeth in him should not perish but have everlasting life For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world but that the world through him might be saved III. John 16 17. And so St. Paul writes But God who is rich in mercy for his great love wherewith he loved us even when we were dead in sins hath quickened us together with Christ Jesus by Grace ye are saved And hath raised us up together and made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ Jesus That in the ages to come he might shew the exceeding riches of his Grace in his kindness towards us through Christ Jesus II. Ephes 4 5 6 7. Who can doubt at all of the favour of God his exceeding great and rich favour towards us who doth but cast his eyes on such words as these and believes the Truth of the Gospel of Christ Which were written for this very end that in all future Ages of the World after the Apostles were gone men might discern how abundant the Grace of God is in his kindness manifested towards us in our Blessed Lord. And therefore we in this Age of the World as well as all that were before us may conclude without any scruple that God is Love as St. John speaks and that he will be good to us for Christ's sake though we have greatly offended his Majesty Sixthly For that is the next thing the kindness of God towards sinful men and his readiness to pardon them and receive them into his favour and love again is here also so perspicuously revealed that there need be no question made of it In this was manifested the love of God towards us because that God sent his only begotten Son into the world that we might live through him Herein is love not that we loved God but that he loved us and sent his Son to be the propitiation for our sins 1 John IV. 9 10. And in the same manner writes St. Paul After the kindness and love or pity of God our Saviour towards man appeared not by works of righteousness that we have done but according to his mercy he saved us by the washing of regeneration and the renewing of the Holy Ghost That being justified by his Grace we should be made heirs according to the hope of Eternal life III. Tit. 4 5. Nay for this very end he saith God shewed mercy to him though a very great Sinner a Blasphemer of Christ a Persecutor of his Disciples that men might be incouraged to hope in God if they would repent and turn to Him as he did 1 Tim. I. 14 15 16 c. Read the place and you will see that all the wit of man cannot devise plainer and clearer words to express the exceeding Grace of God towards all men which is declared so fully as well as familiarly that his words need no Commentary to explain them and make them more easie to be understood Seventhly With the same Evidence the Gospel speaks of the way and means whereby this Forgiveness was procured for us and that is by the Death and by the Resurrection of our Lord Jesus Who was delivered saith the Apostle for our offences and rose again for our justification IV. Rom. ult In whom we have redemption through his blood the forgiveness of sins according to the riches of his Grace I. Ephes 7. It is God that justifies who is he that condemneth It is Christ that died yea rather that is risen again who is even at the right hand of God who also maketh intercession for us who shall separate us from the love of Christ c. VIII Rom. 34 35 c. It would be endless to recite all that the Scriptures speak on this subject in terms as plain and clear as these So that we cannot reasonably doubt if we believe these Books that by one offering of Himself he hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified as the Author to the Hebrews speaks X. 12 13 14. This man after he had offered one Sacrifice for sins for ever sate down at the right hand of God from henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool For by one offering he hath perfected for ever c. They that would make any other Satisfaction necessary by the Merits of Saints or any other Oblation of Christ necessary but that one which he Himself offered directly contradict the express words of this Book which are as easie to be understood as any that the most studied invention of men can indite Eighthly And so is the way and means whereby these Blessings thus purchased are communicated to us viz. the Mediation and Intercession of Christ Jesus on our behalf whereby he can save us to the utmost seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for us VII Heb. 25. Nor is there any other that can perform this Office for us but he for as there is one God so one Mediator between God and man the man Christ Jesus as St. Paul teaches in so many words 1 Tim. II. 4. Whereby we cannot but in reason think he means there is no more than One Mediator as it is certain there is no more than one God who communicates his Mind to us by this alone Mediator as we must address our selves to Him by no other Which St. Paul declares more fully in 1 Cor. VIII 5 6. Where he saith though there be many that are called Gods as there are gods many and lords many yet to us Christians there is but one God the Father of whom are all things and we in or for or to him and one Lord Jesus Christ by whom are all things and we by him That is As there is but one sole Fountain of all good unto whom we are to direct our Prayers and all we do for the first Cause must be our last End so He derives all unto us by his Son Jesus Christ alone by whom therefore and by Him alone we are to go to God the Father for what we are desirous to receive from Him None else in Heaven or Earth is capable of this Honour but this great Lord alone whom the Father loveth and hath given all things into his hands III. John 35. as any one that reads this place seriously may easily discern And therefore they who betake themselves unto any other Patron to recommend them to the Heavenly Grace are concerned to hide this Book from the Peoples Eyes and to discourage them from reading it by telling them it is obscure and hard to be understood For they who do read it see this truth so fully and expresly asserted there that if their minds be not prejudiced they cannot think it safe to implore the assistance of any other in the Heavenly Court which apparently derogates from the Honour of our
alledge them to prove that a General Council cannot err These words cannot alike serve all these purposes as our Divines rightly have observed for a Pope may err where a Council doth not and a General Council may err where the truly Catholick Church cannot And therefore it is not the evidence of things which leads men thus to expound the Holy Scriptures but their own private affections and their several interests and designs to the advancement of which they easily consent to apply them Not attending to the clear scope of them or rather shutting their eyes not only to that but to the main scope of the whole Book of God and to all other Notices which would give them better direction And solve also even many seeming difficulties which are in the Scripture or at least guide us so evenly that we shall pass safely by them Which is the third General Truth I propounded in the beginning of this Part of my Discourse III. AMONG all those things which we are concerned to learn there are none thought more difficult than several passages in St. Paul's Epistles some part of which St. Peter had in his eye when he concluded his Second Epistle But I may be confident that if we will admit or take up no sense of them that is contrary to such known and confessed Truths as are on all sides embraced we may give a fair account of them at least preserve our selves from making any dangerous construction of them That which above all the rest is thought to be of greatest difficulty is his Doctrine of Election and Reprobation which some take to be the things hard to be understood in St. Paul's Epistles But if we stick close to the known fixed Principles of Reason and Religion which are naturally written on our Hearts or revealed by our Saviour we shall be led thereby unto a fair and easie interpretation of his meaning in these matters For there is an Election of whole Nations and there is an Election of particular Persons and they are elected either to enjoy the means of Grace or to partake of Eternal Salvation The first of these it is evident are absolute and have no dependence upon any thing we do but the latter are not as St. Paul expresly teaches us 2 Thess II. 13. where he saith God had chosen them to Salvation through Sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the Truth Faith was supposed to this and the fruits of Faith in Sanctity and Holiness They were not chosen to Salvation but through these though they were chosen to be made partakers of the Grace of the Gospel before these The like may be said concerning Reprobating or rejecting men Which sometimes plainly concerns whole Nations and sometimes particular Persons and sometimes is only from the Priviledges they formerly enjoyed sometimes from Eternal Life both of them for their sins and the former the National rejection from their former Priviledges is designed by God to prevent the latter viz. the final destruction of every one of them which he doth not desire Thus God reprobated or rejected and cast away Israel as St. Paul teaches in the Epistle to the Romans But it was not with an intention that they should utterly perish No he saith more than once God forbid i. e. he abhorred such a thought he disclaimed any such meaning For quite contrary by their being rejected from enjoying the Priviledges they formerly had the Gentiles were brought to Christianity and the end of that was to provoke the Jews also to jealousie and move them at last to bethink themselves better and to repent of their sin and be saved Let any man read seriously the Tenth and Eleventh Chapters of that Epistle and he will be satisfied that the Reprobation spoken of in the Ninth Chapter was such that they might notwithstanding be restored into the favour of God and be finally saved That is they were rejected from being his peculiar people as they had been but not from all hope of his Mercy if they did not continue a disobedient and gainsaying people For the Apostle still prays for them in the entrance of the Tenth Chapter and begins the Eleventh in this manner I say then Hath God cast away his people God forbid That is will any man infer then from what I have said that God hath utterly reprobated them never to receive them more No such matter none ought to interpret my words to such a sense which I disown nor did it ever come into my mind For I my self am an instance of the contrary being an Israelite of the seed of Abraham of the tribe of Benjamin c. And yet he saith afterward that God had blinded their eyes and given them a spirit of slumber eyes that they should not see and ears that they should not hear according to that of David Let their table be made a snare and a trap and a stumbling-block c. v. 8 9 10. But what then Have they stumbled that they should fall and be utterly ruined God forbid but rather through their fall Salvation is come to the Gentiles to provoke them to jealousie v. 11. For if they did not abide still in Unbelief he shows they might be grafted into the Church again v. 23. And explains his mind still more fully in this matter v. 25. that blindness was hapned only in part to Israel till the fulness of the Gentiles was come in and so all Israel shall be saved For though they were as concerning the Gospel Enemies for our sake yet as touching the Election they were beloved for the Fathers sake They were not absolutely and finally reprobated but for the present did not believe that through the Mercy showed to us Gentiles they might also obtain Mercy For God concluded them all in Unbelief that he might have mercy upon all v. 28 31 32. All these expressions and a number more in that Chapter evidently demonstrate it was not an irrecoverable Rejection which the Apostle speaks of much less a Rejection without any respect to their sins but such a Rejection for their rejecting Christ as in the design of God was to bring them to Repentance and to Faith in Christ when they saw what they had lost and others had gained by their Infidelity He now that will interpret the Ninth Chapter according to the plain declared sense of the Apostle in this will have no hard work to undertake but easily see that as he speaks of the whole body of the Jewish Nation so he did not think them to be utterly lost but designed even their Reprobation for their recovery And now I might proceed to show if it would not inlarge this Treatise too much how the difficulties which are raised about Faith and Works are not so great neither as they seem if we firmly adhere to common Truths Which lead every man to conclude that the Faith which enters us into a state of Justification doth include in it an hearty purpose of well-doing and