not one of these hath as long as hee liueth any charge or gouernment at all They giue themselues to eating and drinking and bee for the most part burley men of bodie insomuch that espying any one of them whom wee had not seene before wee might know him to bee the Kings Cousin They bee neuerthelesse very pleasant courteous and fayre conditioned neither did wee finde all the time we were in that Citie so much honour and good entertainment any where as at their hands They bid vs to their houses to eate and drinke and when they found vs not or wee were not willing to goe with them they bid our seruants and slaues causing them to sit downe with the first Notwithstanding the good lodging these Gentlemen haue so commodious that they want nothing yet are they in this bondage that during life they neuer goe abroad The cause as I did vnderstand wherefore the King so vseth his Cousins is that none of them at any time may rebell against him and thus bee shutteth them vp in three or foure other Cities Most of them can play on the Lute and to make that kinde of pastime peculiar vnto them onely all other in the Cities where they doe liue bee forbidden that Instrument the Curtizans and blinde folke onely excepted who bee Musicians and can play This King furthermore for the greater securitie of his Realme and the auoyding of tumults letteth not one in all his Countrey to bee called Lord except hee be of his bloud Many great Estates and Gouernours there be that during their office are lodged Lord-like and doe beare the port of mightie Princes but they bee so many times displaced and other placed anew that they haue not the while to become corrupt True it is that during their Office they be well prouided for as afterward also lodged at the Kings charges and in pension as long as they liue payed them monethly in the Cities where they dwell by certaine officers appointed for that purpose The King then is a Lord onely not one besides him as you haue seene except it bee such as be of his bloud A Nephew likewise of the King the Kings Sisters sonne lyeth continually within the walls of the Citie in a strong Palace built Castle-wise euen as his others Cousins doe remayning alwayes within doores serued by Eunuches neuer dealing with any matters Their festiuall dayes new Moones and full Moones the Magistrates make great banquets and so doe such as bee of the Kings bloud The King his Nephew hath name Vanfuli his Palace is walled about the wall is not high but foure square and in circuit nothing inferiour to the walls of Goa the out-side is painted red in euery square a Gate and ouer each gate a Tower made of timber excellently well wrought before the principall Gate of the foure that openeth into the high-street no Loutea bee he neuer so great may passe on horsebacke or carried in his seate Amidst this quadrangle standeth the Palace where that Gentleman lyeth doubtlesse worth the sight although wee came not in to see it By report the roofes of the towers and house are glased greene the greater part of the Quadrangle set with sauage Trees as Oakes Chesnuts Cypresse Pine-apples Cedars and other such like that wee doe want after the manner of a Wood wherein are kept Stagges Oxen and other beasts for that Lord his recreation neuer going abroad as I haue said One preheminence this Citie hath aboue the rest where wee haue beene and it of right as we doe thinke that besides the multitude of Market-places wherein all things are to bee sold through euery streete continually are cryed all things necessarie as Flesh of all sorts fresh-Fish Hearbes Oyle Vineger Meale Rice In summa all things so plentifully that many houses need no seruants euerie thing being brought to their doores Most part of the Merchants remayne in the Suburbs for that the Cities are shut vp euery night as I haue sayd The Merchants therefore the better to attend their businesse doe choose rather to make their abode without in the Suburbs then within the Citie I haue seene in this Riuer a pretie kinde of Fishing not to bee omitted in my opinion and therefore will I set it downe The King hath in many riuers good store of Barges full of Sea-crowes that breed are fed and doe dye therein in certaine Cages allowed monethly a certaine prouision of Rice These Barges the King bestoweth vpon his greatest Magistrates giuing to some two to some three of them as hee thinketh good to Fish therewithall after this manner At the houre appointed to Fish all the Barges are brought together in a circle where the Riuer is shallow and the Crowes tyed together vnder the wings are let leape downe into the water some vnder some aboue worth the looking vpon each one as hee hath filled his bagge goeth to his owne Barge and emptieth it which done hee returneth to fish againe Thus hauing taken good store of Fish they set the Crowes at libertie and doe suffer them to fish for their owne pleasure There were in that Citie where I was twentie Barges at the least of these aforesaid Crowes I went almost euery day to see them yet could I neuer bee throughly satisfied to see so strange a kinde of Fishing ⸪ PEREGRINATIONS VOYAGES DISCOVERIES OF CHINA TARTARIA RVSSIA AND OTHER THE NORTH AND EAST PARTS OF THE WORLD By English-men and others THE SECOND BOOKE CHAP. I. The beginning of English Discoueries towards the North and North-east by Sir HVGH WILLOVGHBY RICHARD CHANCELLOR and others of the Muscouie Trade as also Voyages by Russia ouer the Caspian Sea and thorow diuers Regions of Tartaria §. I. The first Voyage for Discouerie with three ships set forth vnder the charge of Sir HVGH WILLOVGHBY Knight in which he died and Moscouia was discouered by Captaine CHANCELLOR IN the yeere of our Lord 1553. the seuenth of the Raigne of King Edward the sixth of famous memorie Sebastian Cabota was Gouernour of the Mysterie and Companie of the Merchants Aduenturers for the discouerie of Regions Dominions Ilands and places vnknowne Certaine instructions were agreed on by him and the said Companie subscribed by Master Cabota the ninth of May the Kings Letters also procured vnto remote Princes in diuers languages and a fleet of three Ships set forth at that time vnder the command of Sir Hugh Willoughby Knight Captaine generall which went in the Bona Esperanza Admirall a ship of an hundred and twenty tunnes hauing with her a Pinnace and a Boat William Gefferson was Master of the said ship The Edward Bonauenture was of an hundred and sixty tunnes and had with her a Pinnace and a Boat in which went Richard Chancellor Captaine and Pilot Maior of the fleet and Stephen Burrough Master The Bona Confidentia of ninety tunnes had with her a Pinnace and a Boat of which Cornelius Durfoorth was Master The Captaines and Masters were sworne to doe
anchor there came aboord of them a Boat wherein were seuen or eight persons two Turkes the rest Persians the Turkes vassals which bade them welcome and seemed to be glad of their arriuall who told the Factors that the Turke had conquered all Media or the Countrey Sheruan and how that the Turkes Basha remayned in Derbent with a Garrison of Turkes and that Shamaky was wholly spoyled and had few or no Inhabitants left in it The Factors then being desirous to come to the speech of the Basha sent one of the Tisikes or Merchants that went ouer with them from Astracan passingers and one of the Companies seruants Robert Golding with those Souldiers to the Captaine of Bachu which place standeth hard by the Sea to certifie him of their arriuall and what commodities they had brought and to desire friendship to haue quiet and safe trafficke for the same Bachu is from Bildih the place where they rode about a dayes iourney on foot easily to be trauelled which may be sixe leagues the next way ouer Land it is a walled Towne and strongly fortified When the said Messenger came to the Captaine of Bachu the said Captaine gaue him very friendly entertaynement In the morning very early hee sent Horse for the rest of the companie which should goe to Derbent sending by them that went ten Sheepe for the ship Whilest they were at breakfast Master Turnbull Master Tailbâ—yes and Thomas Hudson the Master of the ship came thither and when they had all broken their fasts they went to Bachu And from Bachu they proceeded towards Derbent as it was by the Captaine promised being accompanied on their way for their safe conduct with a Gentleman and certaine Souldiers which had the Captaine of Bachu his Letters to the Basha of Derbent very friendly written in their behalfe In their iourney to Derbent they forsooke the ordinarie wayes being very dangerous and trauelled thorow Woods till they came almost to the Towne of Derbent and then the Gentleman rode before with the Captaines Letters to the Basha to certifie him of the English Merchants comming who receiuing the Letters and vnderstanding the matter was very glad of the newes and sent forth to receiue them certaine Souldiers Gunners who met them about two miles out of the Towne saluting them with great reuerence and afterwards rode before them then againe met them other Souldiers somewhat neerer the Castle which likewise hauing done their salutations rode before them and then came forth Noblemen Captaines and Gentlemen to receiue them into the Castle and Towne As they entred the Castle there was a shot of twentie Peeces of great Ordnance and the Basha sent Master Turnbull a very faire Horse with furniture to mount on esteemed to be worth an hundred Markes and so they were conuayed to his presence who after he had talked with them sent for a Coat of cloth of Gold and caused it to be put on Master Turnbuls backe and then willed them all to depart and take their ease for that they were wearie of their iourney and on the morrow he would talke further with them The next day when the Factors came againe to the presence of the Basha according to his appointment they requested him that he would grant them his priuiledge whereby they might trafficke safely in any part and place of his Countrey offering him that if it pleased his Maiestie to haue any of the commodities that they had brought and to write his minde thereof to the Captaine of Bachu it should be deliuered him accordingly The Bashaes answere was that he would willingly giue them his priuiledge yet for that he regarded their safety hauing come so farre and knowing the state of his Countrey to be troublesome he would haue them to bring their commoditie thither and there to make sale of it promising he would prouide such commodities as they needed and that he would be a defence vnto them so that they should not be iniured by any wherevpon the Factors sent Thomas Hudson backe for the ship to bring her to Derbent The latitude of Bildih by diuers obseruations is 40. deg 25. m. the variation of the Compas 10. deg 40. min. from North to West They arriued at anchor against Derbent East and by South from the said Castle in foure fathom a halfe water the two and twentieth of Iune at ten of the clock in the morning then they tooke vp their Ordnance which before they had stowed in hold for easing the ship in her rolling In the afternoone the Basha came down to the water side against the ship and hauing the said Ordnance placed and charged it was all shot off to gratifie him and presently after his departure backe he permitted the Factors to come aboord the ship The nine and twentieth day their goods were vnladen and carried to the Bashaes Garden where hee made choice of such things as he liked taking for custome of euery fiue and twentie Kersies or whatsoeuer one or after the rate of foure for the hundred The Factors after his choice made determined to send a part of the rest of the goods to Bachu for the speedier making sale thereof They departed from Derbent with the said Barke the nineteenth of Iuly and arriued at Bildih the fiue and twentieth day Robert Golding desirous to vnderstand what might bee done at Shamaky which is a dayes iourney from Bachu went thither from whence returning he was set on by theeues and was shot into the knee with an Arrow who had very hardly escaped with his life and goods but that by good hap he killed one of the theeues Horses with a Caliuer and shot a Turke thorow both cheekes with a Dag On the sixt day of August the Factors being aduertised at Derbent that their ship was so rotten and weake that it was doubtfull shee would not carrie them backe to Astracan did thereupon agree and bargaine at that place with an Armenian whose name was Iacob for a Barke called a Busse being of burden about fiue and thirtie tunnes which came that yeere from Astracan and was at that instant riding at an Iland called Zere about three or foure leagues beyond or to the Eastward of Bildih which Barke for their more safety they meant to haue with them in their returne to Astracan and thereupon wrote vnto Wincoll and the rest at Bachu that they should receiue the same Busse and lade in her their goods at Bildih to be returned to Derbent and to discharge their first Boat which was obserued by them accordingly When all their goods were laden aboord the said Busse at Bildih and being readie to haue departed thence for Derbent there arose a great storme with the winde out of the Sea by force whereof the Cables and Halsers were broken and their Vessell put ashoare and broken to pieces against the Rockes euery of them that were in her saued their liues and part of the goods But there was a Carobia or
those parts obserued the great number of Sea-horses at Cherie Iland and likewise the multitude of Whales that shewed themselues vpon the coast of Greenland They first applyed themselues to the killing of the Morces which they continued from yeere to yeere with a Ship or two yeerely in which Ships the Companie appointed Thomas Welden Commander and in the yeere 1609. the Companie imployed one Thomas Edge their Apprentice for their Northeren Voyage and joyned him in Commission with the foresayd Welden Now the often vsing of Cherie Iland did make the Sea-horse grow scarse and decay which made the Companie looke out for further Discoueries In the yeere 1610. the Companie set out two Ships viz. the Lionesse for Cherie Iland Thomas Edge Commander and the Amitie for a Northerne Discouerie the Master of which Ship was Ionas Poole who in the moneth of May fell with a Land and called it Greenland this is the Land that was discouered by Sir Hugh Willoughby long before which Ship Amitie continued vpon the coast of Greenland discouering the Harbours and killing of Morces vntill the moneth of August and so returned for England hauing gotten about some twelue Tunnes of goods and an Vnicornes horne In the yeere 1611. the Companie set foorth two Ships for Greenland the Marie Margaret Admirall burthen one hundred and sixtie tunnes Thomas Edge Commander and the Elizabeth burthen sixtie tunnes Ionas Poole Master well manned and furnished with all necessarie Prouisions they departed from Blackwall the twentieth of Aprill and arriued at the Foreland in Greenland in the Latitude of 79. degrees the twentieth of May following the Admirall had in her six Biskayners expert men for the killing of the Whale this was the first yeere the Companie set out for the killing of Whales in Greenland and about the twelfth of Iune the Biskayners killed a small Whale which yeelded twelue Tunnes of Oyle being the first Oyle that euer was made in Greenland The Companies two Shalops looking about the Harbour for Whales about the fiue and twentieth of Iune rowing into Sir Thomas Smith his Bay on the East side of the Sound saw on the shoare great store of Sea-horses after they had found the Morses they presently rowed vnto the Ship being in crosse Road seuen leagues off and acquainted the Captayne what they had found The Captayne vnderstanding of it gaue order to the Master Stephen Bennet that he should take into his Ship fiftie tunnes of emptie Caske and set sayle with the Ship to goe into Foule Sound The Captayne went presently away in one Shallop with sixe men vnto the Sea-morse and tooke with him Lances and comming to them they set on them and killed fiue hundred Morses and kept one thousand Morses liuing on shoare because it is not profitable to kill them all at one time The next day the Ship being gone vnto the place well mored where the Morse were killed all the men belonging to the Ship went on shoare to worke and make Oyle of the Morses and when they had wrought two or three dayes it fortuned that a small quantitie of Ice came out of Foule Sound and put the Ship from her Moring The Master and ten men being a board of the Ship let fall their Sheat anchor which brought the Ship vp to ride the Ice comming vpon her againe brought her Anchor home and ranne the Ship ashoare where shee by the Masters weake Iudgement was cast away and all their Bread spoyled not fit to eate The Ship being cast away without hope of recouerie the Commander Thomas Edge gaue order that all the Morse liuing on shoare should be let goe into the Sea and so gaue ouer making of Oyle and presently haled vp ashoare all his Shallops and Boates being fiue setting the Carpenter to trim them the Saylers to make Sayles and Wastcloathes for the Boates fit to serue them at Sea Hauing fitted their Boates as well as they could with the small prouision they had being in number foure small Shallops and the ships Boate they diuided their men into them equally with what prouisions of victuals they could well carrie and after they had sayd Prayers all together on Land being fiftie men they departed from the place where they lost their Ship on the fifteenth of Iuly with the winde Southerly and rowed thirtie or fortie leagues to the Southward and then they lost companie of one Shallop and their ships Boate of Horne Sound which two Boates met with a Hull Ship and acquainted him with the losse of the London Ship and that shee had left on land goods woorth fifteene hundred pounds So our men carryed the Hull Ship into Foule Sound to take in the Companies goods and to kill some Sea-horses for her selfe at that place The Captayne and two other Shallops put from the Coast of Greenland in the height of 77.1 â— Degrees and set their course for Cherie Iland which lyeth in 74. Degrees sometimes Sayling and sometimes Rowing and made Cherie Iland the nine and twentieth of Iuly hauing beene in their Shallops at Sea fourteene dayes and comming into the Iland with a great storme at North-west with much difficultie they landed on the South side of the Iland Being on shoare the Captayne sent three of his Saylers ouer land vnto the North roade being three miles distant from that place to see if the Elizabeth was there and they saw a Ship riding in the North roade and being ouer-joyed they returned backe vnto the Captayne to acquaint him without staying to speake with any of the Ships companie and by good hap the Master of the Elizabeth espyed men on the Shoare being at that time weighing Anchor to set sayle for England vpon which hee stayed and sent the Boate ashoare to see what men they were and when the men of the Elizabeth came ashoare they found them to bee men of the Mary Margaret and so went aboard vnto the Master to acquaint him whereupon the Master caused Anchor to bee weighed and went to the South side of the Iland and there tooke in the Captayne and hee being aboard vnderstanding what a poore Voyage the Elizabeth had made gaue order to the Master to goe for Greenland there to take in such Goods as the sayd Edge had left in Foule Sound They departed from Cherie Iland the first of August and arriued at Foule Sound the Fourteenth Dicto where they found two Boates which they had lost companie of before and all their men being come thither with a Hull Ship which they met with and brought to that place which Ship had spent all the yeere in Horne Sound and got little goods The Elizabeth being mored the Captayne gaue order vnto the Master to deliuer out of his Ship all the goods hee had got at Cherie Iland which was Sea-horse hydes and Blubber being of little woorth And to take in the Oyle and Whale-finnes which were gotten by the Marie Margarets companie
the Master in vnlading of his Ship brought her so light that vnfortunatly hee ouer-set her hauing goods in her worth seuen hundred pounds This ill chance happening vnto the two London Ships the Captayne of them agreed with Thomas Marmaduke Master of the Hull Ship to take in the goods which was saued at the rate of fiue pounds the Tunâ—e which was a great rate notwithstanding they had beene a meanes to get him goods worth fiue hundred pounds for the Hull Ship and vpon the one and twentieth of August 1611. they departed from Greenland in the Hope-well being ninetie nine men in all and arriued at Hull the sixth of September where the sayd Edge tooke out the Companies goods and Shipped them for London by order from the Companie This yeere Edge in coasting in the Shallops discouered all the Harbours on the West side of Greenland §. II. Dutch Spanish Danish disturbance also by Hull men and by a new Patent with the succeeding Successe and further Discoueries till this present IN the yeere 1612. the Companie set forth two Ships viz. The Whale burthen one hundred and sixtie Tunnes and the Sea-horse burthen one hundred and eightie tunnes vnder the Command of Iohn Russell and Thomas Edge for discouering and killing of the Whale They discouered that yeere nothing worth writing of by reason of some falling out betwixt Russell and Edge yet they killed that yeere seuenteene Whales and some Sea-horses of which they made one hundred and eightie Tunnes of Oyle with much difficultie as not being experimented in the businesse This yeere the Hollanders to keepe their wont in following of the English steps came to Greenland with one Ship being brought thither by an English man and not out of any knowledge of their owne Discoueries but by the direction of one Allen Sallowes a man imployed by the Muscouia Companie in the Northerne Seas for the space of twentie yeeres before who leauing his Countrey for Debt was entertayned by the Hollanders and imployed by them to bring them to Greenland for their Pylot At which time being met withall by the Companies Ships they were commanded to depart and forbidden to haunt or frequent those parts any more by mee Thomas Edge There was also a Spanish Ship brought thither by one Nicholas Woodcocke this yeere a man formerly imployed by the sayd Companie which Spanish Ship made a full Voyage in Green-harbour But Woodcocke at his returne into England being complained of by the Companie was Imprisoned in the Gatehouse and Tower sixteene Moneths for carrying the Spanish Ship thither In the yeere 1613. the Companie set out for Greenland seuen sayle of Ships vnder the Command of Beniamin Ioseph and Thomas Edge the Ships departed from Grauesâ—nd the sâ—x and twentieth of Aprill and arriued in Greenland the fourteenth of May. This yeere the English had the Kings Patent vnder the broad Seale of England to forbid all Strangers and others but the Muscouia Companie to vse the Coast of Greenland The English met with fifteene sayle of great Ships two of them were Dutch Ships the rest were French Spanish and of the Archdukes besides foure English Interlopâ—rs The Companies Ships forced them all from the Coast of Greenland not suffering any of them to make a Voyage they tooke from the two Dutch Ships certayne goods buâ— in gâ—ing to take it they neglected their owne voyage which was damnified thereby to the value of three or foure thousand pounds For their Ships came home dead Fraight two or three hundred Tunnes by that meanes This yeere was Hope Iland and other Ilands discouered to the Eastward by the Companie In the yeere following which was 1614. the Companie set out for Greenland thirteene great Ships and two Pinnasses vnder the Command of Beniamin Ioseph and Thomas Edge all which Ships were well appointed with all manner of Artillerie for defence and other necessaries for the making of their Voyage and for Discouerie This yeere the Hollanders set out for Greenland eighteene great Ships whereof foure of them were of the States men of Warre Ships with thirtie pieces of Ordnance a piece This yeere the Dutch stayed and fished for the Whale perforce they were farre stronger then the English which was a cause that the English Ships came home halfe laden and the Dutch with a poore Voyage This yeere the Companie Discouered vnto the Northwards of Greenland as farre as 80. Degrees odde Minuts in the Ship Thomazen as by her daily Iournall doth appeare at large in which Ship was imployed Thomas Sherwin and William Baffin being the second Voyage they were imployed into those parts And some Ilands to the Eastwards of Greenland were Discouered by foure Ships imployed in that seruice as by their Iournall more at large appeareth In the yeere 1615. the Companie set out for Greenland two sayle of great Ships and two Pinnasses vnder the Command of Beniamin Ioseph and Thomas Edge who following their Instructions arriued vpon the Coast of Greenland the sixth of Iune which they found to bee much pestered with Ice and being foggie weather they runne into the Ice so farre that they were fast in it fourteene dayes before they could cleare themselues of it This yeere also the Hollanders set out fourteene sayle of ships whereof three of them were States Men of warre of great force they killed Whales in Horn-sound Bel-sound and Faire-hauen and stayed vpon the coast of Greenland perforce as they did the former yeere whereby the English came home halfe laden This yeere also the King of Denmarke sent vnto Greenland three of his ships Men of warre to demand a toll of the English but they had none payd them for they fell with the Fore-land in 79. degrees where Captaine Edge was and he denyed payment of any toll alledging that the Countrey of Greenland belonged to the King of England These were the first Danish ships that euer came to Greenland who had for their Pilot one Iames Vaden an Englishman to bring them thither In the yeere 1616. the Company set out for Greenland eight Sayle of great ships and two Pinnasses vnder the command of Thomas Edge who following his course arriued in Greenland about the fourth of Iune hauing formerly appointed all his ships for their seuerall Harbours for their making of their Voyage vpon the Whale and hauing in euery Harbour a sufficient number of expert men and all prouisions fitting for such a Voyage This yeere it pleased God to blesse them by their labours that they full laded all their ships with Oyle and left an ouer-plâ—s in the Countrey which their ships could not take in They imployed this yeere a small Pinnasse vnto the East-ward which discouered the East-ward part of Greenland Namely the Iland called now Edges Iland and other Ilands lying to the North-wards as farre as seuentie eight degrees this Pinnasse was some twentie tunnes and had twelue men in
being about eight or nine leagues off The Southwardest part of it bare South-east and by East off it which shortly wee perceiued to bee the Land lying in 76. degrees and 55. minutes which is called Horne-sound This Land lyeth by our common Compasse North North-west Within two houres after we had sight of Land it began to snowe and was very cold This euening the Compasse was varied thirteene degrees West The one and thirtieth day variable weather with snowe and very cold and the winde also variable and in the afternoone the winde was at the North-east In the morning wee espied a ship and about noone we spoke with her and their Master and Pilot came aboord of vs. And wee knew them to bee that ship of Saint Iohn de Luz which had leaue of the Companie to fish And they told vs that there were eight Spaniards on the Coast. Also wee espied another ship which we supposed to be a French man and had one Allan Sallas to their Pilot. The second of Iune in the morning about fiue of the clocke our Generall sent our shallop to a small Pinke that all this night we saw along the shoare to bid their Master and Pilot come aboord vs which presently they did The Masters name was Claiâ— Martin of Horne and his ship was for Dunkerke and he told vs that he was consorted with another ship that was his Admirall the Captaines name was Fopp of Dunkerke and that he was on the Coast. Wee kept the Master and Pilot aboord of vs and sent some of our men aboord of her and brought her vnder our lee and then we sent their Master aboord againe charging them to follow vs. This afternoone we tooke their shallop with fiue or sixe men whereof two were English men and one Scot at the Faire foreland The fourth day also faire weather This morning was the first Whale killed Wee had no night since the three and twentieth of May. The fift day faire weather but very cold the winde North. Wee sayled along the Iland being about eighteene or twentie leagues in length lying for the most part by the common Compasse North and by West halfe Westward About nine of the clocke in the afternoone we saw our other three ships viz. the Gamaliel the Desire and the Richard and Barnard which lay there to and fro because they could not goe into their Harbour by reason of the Ice and also because there were foure other ships in a Bay or Coue called Pooppy Bay or Nickes Coue and also other ships on the other side in Greene Harbour We sayled along the drift Ice vntill about one or two of the clocke in the morning at which time we came to an anchor in the entrance of the Sound because the Ice came driuing out so fast The sixt day faire weather the winde variable till the afternoone at which time it came to the Northwards About three in the afternoone we weighed anchor and about ten of the clocke we came to the foure ships lying in Pooppy Bay two of them being Hollanders and one a Rocheller and the other a ship of Burdeaux The Masters of the Hollanders came aboord of our ship to speake with the Generall both of them being of Amsterdam and brought a Commission granted by the Graue Maurice for to fish in this Countrey But when they saw our Kings Maiesties Commission granted to the worshipfull Companie they told our Generall that they would depart this Coast hauing our Generals Ticket to shew to their Aduenturers that they were there and had made their Port and how he would not suffer them to fish We anchored close by the French ship wherein was Allane Sallas being readie to fight if they refused to come aboord vs. So when we sent our shallop the Master came presently and their Surgeon who could speake English At the first they denyed that Sallas was aboord of them but being hardly vrged they confessed that hee and one Thomas Fisher an English man were aboord who were both presently sent for This Sallas was their Pilot and Fisher was their Gunner The seuenth day faire weather we road still at an anchor This day I obserued the latitude of the place and found it in 78. degrees 24. minutes The variation of the Compasse is in this place 15. degrees 21. minutes West About a North Sunne a small ship of Biscay came into the harbour where we roade The eight day for the most part snow the winde Southward This day the Master of the French ship being a ship of nine score or two hundred called the Iaques of Bardeaux agreed with our Generall that hee might fish on the coast our Generall was to haue halfe the Whales he could kill Also this day the Master of the ship of Râ—chel and the Master of the small ship of Biscay were agreed to depart from the coast The ninth day faire weather This morning the Gamaliel our Reare-Admirall and the Desire weighed anchor to goe for Greene harbour where two ships lay one of Dunkerke and the other of Saint Sebastian in Biscay The Captaine of the Dunkerke called Fopp had beene with our Generall and told him that he would depart from this Coast. Our Generall gaue him leaue to take the Pilot of the small Pinke and the other Dutch men he had taken of his keeping only the English men and the Scots Also the two ships of Holland with the ship of Biscay and that of Rochel weighed anchor and departed from this Harbour About six of the clocke in the afternoone came the Master of the ship of Saint Sebastian aboord of vs being brought by one of the Masters Mates of the Desire they hauing taken two of his Shallops to know our Generals pleasure whether he should haue them againe or no. Our Generall gaue them him againe vpon condition that he would depart the Coast. About a North North-west Sunne we weighed anchor to goe for Horne-Sound where we heard that there were diuers ships the wind Northward a small gale The tenth day faire weather the winde at North being very close weather About a North Sunne we came to an anchor in the entrance of Low Sound where we saw two ships ride at anchor Our Generall sent our shallop to see what ships they were who found them to bee the two ships of Holland Also our long Boate went on shoare to set vp the Kings Maiesties Armes vpon a low point of land lying a great way off called Low-nesse We set vp a Crosse of wood and nayled the Armes vpon it The thirteenth day in the morning it snowed very fast being very thicke weather the winde variable we standing off from the land About seuen of the clock it began to cleere vp at which time we espied three ships and making toward them at length we perceiued them to be the three ships which came from the Bay where we road the winde also was at East and by South
faire weather the winde Northward This day and the last night I obserued the latitude of the place where we roade and found it by both to bee in the latitude of 78. degrees 7. minutes the skie at both obseruations being very cleere where I finde that there is no sensible error betweene a South obseruation and a North the skie being cleare But if the skie be hasie there will be some difference as of eight or ten minutes being obserued on shoare by some large Quadrant or other Instrument for the purpose also a South South-west Moone by the common Compasse maketh a full Sea in this place The ninth of Iuly faire weather the winde at North. This day wee stood to the Southward along the Iland but toward night it fell calme and then the winde came to the West The tenth day faire weather but thicke and close the winde South South-west All this day we stood for Bell-Sound Our Generall went on shoare this afternoone and killed foure Deere and brought a young Morse aliue with him aboord The eleauenth day faire weather but calme This afternoone wee perceiued fiue shippes in a Bay in Bel-sound The winde was so calme that we were faine to towe in our shippes and about a North North-wâ—st sunne we came to an anchor by them with our three ships viz. the Tigre Admirall the Mathew Vice-Admirall and the Richard and Barnard hauing made all things readie for to fight These fiue shippes which rid here the one was a great shippe of Biscay of seuen hundred Tunnes and the two Hollanders which we found the sixt of Iune in Pooppy-bay and one small Pinke of Amsterdam and another small shippe of Rochell This great shippe of Biscay which we expected would haue fought with vs sent their Captaine aboord of vs before we came to an anchor and submitted themselues vnto the Generall The two ships of Amsterdam whose Masters names were these viz. Cornelius Calias William Vermogon Admirall and Iohn Iacob Vice-Admirall these two would gladly haue stood out with vs if the Biscaine would haue assisted them The twelfth day faire weather This day the ship of Iohn Iacobo was vnladen of such goods as shee had in her as Oyle Blubber and Mories skinnes The thirteenth day I was sent in a shallop to Greene Harborough The foureteenth day thicke close weather the winde Northward but toward noone it began to cleare vp and then it blew more winde About a West sunne we came to a small Iland or rather a Rock where Morses vse to come where we found seauen which we killed and knocked out their teeth and let them lye In this place are many of these rockes where are great multitudes of foule and they are called Lizets Ilands The Land all along is so full of Rockes that it is vnpossible for any shippe to come neere the Maine but in the Sands which are very deepe and good to come in All this euening and night wee rowed betweene this Iland and Ice-sound The fifteenth day about nine or tenne a clocke we came to the shippes in Greene-barborough where we found that they had killed eighteene Whales in all Foure of these ships were Frenchmen which had killed eight Whales for the Companie according to the agreement which the Generall had made with them which was that they should kill eight for vs and after what they could kill should be for themselues Our English men had killed three in this place and the Baskes in the Desire also three The Desire had taken in an hundred tunnes of Oyle when wee came there and she was to be laden so soone as she could The seauenteenth day also faire weather the winde Northward This day toward a West Sunne the Master of the French shippe came from Sea-horse Bay who went thither to speake with our Generall because Master Mason and Master Cooper had stayed his Shallops from going to Sea in regard they would not obserue the orders which the Generall had appointed them which were that those Whales which our Englishmen did chase they should not follow nor our men should not follow the Whales they chased For the order of the Biscaines is that who so doth strike the first Harping Iron into him it is his Whale if his Iron hold This euening I say he returned from Sea-horse Bay hauing lost his labour for the Generall and Master Edge were in Bell-sound We vnderstood by him that they had killed some eight and thirtie Whales in all and that there was one hundred and sixtie tunnes of Oyle ready made The fiue and twentieth day in the morning the Desire weighed Anchor to go to the Generall and the Master of the French ship also this morning went from thence to speake with the Generall because of a Whale which was in strife betweene his Biscaines and ours when for pilfering and for some peremptorie speeches two of the Rochellers were ducked at our Yard arme the one on the one side and the other on the other This day I also obserued the latitude of this place and found it to be 77. degrees 40. minutes Also the variation of the Compasse is 13. degrees 11. minutes West This variation was obserued the third of August in the morning the height of the sunne aboue the Horizon was 17. degrees 24. minutes and the declination was 14. degrees 41. minutes North in the latitude of 77. degrees 40. minutes and his Magnetical azimuth was 63. from South to East The ninth day wee had sight of Master Bonners Ship wherein was Master Marmaduke who had beene to the Northward as farre as Faire-hauen and now as he said he was bound to the southward to discouer beyond Point Looke-out hauing his direction from Master Edge as he said Our Generall told him that hee had hindered the Voyage more by his absence then his discouerie would profit and that it were best that he went backe with him to the Fore-land and that he would giue no licence to goe now for Discouerie because the yeare was farre spent but bad him according to his Commission so to proceede The twelfth day I obserued and found the latitude of this place by an exact obseruation to be in 79. degrees 14. minutes They in the Pooppy-Bay had seene a ship of England off Black-point and had spoken with her who told them that they were come from Kildeene The foureteenth day faire weather the Winde at North North-east This day about tenne a clocke in the forenoone we waied anchor to goe homeward being sixe ships in company viz. the Tigre Admirall the Gamaliel Vice-Admirall the Iohn and Frances the Annula the ship of Burdeaux which the Generall agreed with to fish in Greene-harborough and the Biscay ship which fished in Sir Thomas Smiths Bay The fifteenth day very faire weather all the forenoone almost calme in the afternoone an easie gale at North-east This day about twelue a clocke at noone wee were against Faire Foreland
ships being laden vnder the command of Captaine Thomas Edge An. 1617. Witches Iland was discouered and what voyage was made appeareth in the Letter following written to Master Decrow by William Heley Laus Deo in Portnick the 12. of August 1617. Worshipfull Sir MY dutie remembred May it please you to vnderstand that through Gods blessing our Voyage is performed in all the Harbours in the Countrie this yeere with a greater ouerplus then our ships will carry so that in some places wee must of force leaue good store of Oyle and Blubber behinde for the next yeere Wee are all for the most part readie to set sayle being full laden onely I desire to see the Coast cleere of Interlopers whereby our prouisions may be left in securitie We tooke a ship of Flushing called the Noahs Arke Master Iohn Verlile in Horne-sound hauing out of him two hundred hogsheads of Blubber and two Whales and a halfe to cut vp a great Copper and diuers other prouisions and sent him away ballasted with stones There were two more of them who were gone laden with Blubber before we could get thither hauing intelligence of our comming There were also two Danes who made one hundred and odde tunnes of Oyle and laded one ship for Copen-hauen the other with halfe the Oyle and Finnes for Amsterdam and left the Country about the sixth or seuenth of August And for Master Cudner he rid in Portnick where he killed eleuen Whales and made some seuentie and odde tunnes of Oyle which is laden aboord him and his Finnes In whom if our ships had come together thither as I desired I would haue laden fortie or fiftie tunnes of Oyle in him and displaced his men and sent him for England but bad weather hindring our ships getting thither and his sudden departure after our comming in with the Pleasure shee being laden and not sufficiently fitted to surprise him he escaped but I sent her away in company with him whereby he may not doe any hurt in other places in the Country I would haue had him to haue taken in some Oyle for which I offered him fraight so I might put some men into him to see to it and that it might be brought safe to London but he refused yet protesteth he purposeth to bring his ship and goods to London his voyage is by the thirds so that his men will rather dye then forgoe that they haue got The small ship Iohn Ellis is returned from the South Eastward hauing made some further discouery and killed some eight hundred Seamorse and laden the teeth and thirtie tunnes of hides and the rest of his lading in Oyle he brought some Sea-horse blubber with him He met with Thomas Marmaduke of Hull in those parts who had not done any thing when he saw him towards making a voyage but went for Hope Iland and no doubt but hee will doe much spoile there As for the Beare shee departed for Hamborough the third of August out of Crosse-road and the Gray-hound in company with her for England who I hope is safely arriued and by whom I hope you vnderstand of her proceedings at full The Whales killed this yeere in the Country are about one hundred and fiftie in number and the Oyle made will be about one thousand eight hundred and odde tunnes besides the blubber left for want of caske The lading of this ship is one hundred and eightie tunnes as by the Bill of lading here enclosed Thus hauing not further wherewith to acquaint your Worship withall praying God to send all home in safety with a good passage I humbly take my leaue and doe rest Readie at your Worships command in all dutifull seruice WILLIAM HELEY A Letter of Master ROBERT SALMON to Master SHERWIN In Sir THOMAS SMITHES Bay the 24. of Iune 1618. LOuing friend Master Sherwine I kindly salute you wishing you as much prosperitie as vnto my selfe c. Since our comming into the Bay we haue beene much troubled with Ice and Northerly windes so as we haue not beene two dayes free of Ice We had a storme Northerly which brought in much Ice so as we were inclosed withall eight dayes therâ— went such a Sea in the Ice that did beate our ships very much for foure and twentie houres that I did thinke we should haue spoyled our ships but I thanke God we cannot perceiue any hurt at all it hath done to vs also we haue broken two anchors with the Ice we haue killed thirteene Whales but they yeeld but little in regard of the Ice which hath much hindred vs in our worke for in ten dayeâ— we could not doe any worke the Bay was so full of Ice the Bay was full as low as Fox noâ—e and now at this present the Bay is full of shattered Ice the windes hanging Northerly keepes it in Here is fiue sayle of Flemmings which haue fourteene and sixteene pieces of Ordnance in a ship and they doe man out eighteene Shallops so that with theirs and ours here is thirtie Shallops in the Bay too many for vs to make a voyage there is at the least fifteene hundred tunnes of shipping of the Flemmings we haue reasonable good quarter with them for we are merry aboord of them and they of vs they haue good store of Sacks and are very kinde to vs proffering vs any thing that we want I am very doubtfull of making a voyage this yeere yet I hope Crosse-road will helpe vs for one ship the Company must take another course the next yeere if they meane to make any benefit of this Country they must send better ships that must beat these knaues out of this Country but as farre as I can vnderstand by them they meane to make a trade of continuance of it they haue euery one of them Graue Maurices Commission vnder his Hand and Seale we will let them rest this yeere and let who will take care the next yeere for I hope not to trouble them I pray remember my dutie to the Captaine and also to honest Master Thornbush and to Iohn Martin Master Smith doth remember his loue to you and to all the rest of his friends we are well at this present I thanke God I pray let vs heare from you when you haue any conuayance I hope wee shall goe home in companie together as wee came out Thus with my loue once againe remembred to you beseeching God to send vs all a prosperous voyage and ioyfully to meet I rest A Letter of Master TH. SHERWIN Bell-sound this 29. of Iune 1618. MAster William Heley your Letter I receiued wherein I vnderstand you haue tooke very great griefe which I am very sorry for but I am in good hope to come to you my selfe one of these dayes that I may comfort you with a good couple of Hennes and a bottle of Canary wine but I pray bee carefull of your selfe and keepe you warme and take heede the Nodis doe not pick out your eyes but as for the Flemmings let
number of three hundred men of which I the Relator of this was one were put into one ship belonging to Sweden and came from thence for vs. We were assaulted with a great tempest and were tossed so long that all our victuals were almost spent the miserie of which threw vs into more desperate feares now were wee assaulted by double deaths Famine and Shipwrack what course to take for our reliefe no man presently knew Continue without foode it was impossible and as impossible was iâ— for vs to recouer the Land in any short time without the assured destruction of vs all At this season our Commanders were these Lieutenant Benson Lieutenant Walton who was Prouost Martiall of the field and an Ancient of the Colonels companie The common Souldiers vowed and resolued to compell the Mariners seeing the present miseries and no hopes promising better to set vs all on shoare vpon the first Land that could be discouered Our Commanders did what they could by disâ—wasion to alter this generall resolution because they feared it would bee the losse of the greatest part of our Companies if they came once to bee scattered and besides they knew that it would redound to their dishonour and shame if they should not discharge the trust imposed vpon them by our Captaines which trust was to conduct vs and land vs before whilest our Chieftaines remayned a while behinde in England to take vp the rest of our Companies Yet all this notwithstanding Land being discouered there was no eloquence in the world able to keep vs aboord our ship but euery man swore if the Master of the ship would not set vs on the shoare the sailes should be taken into our owne hands and what was resolued vpon touching present landing should in despite of danger be effected Vpon this the Master of the ship and the Mariners told vs that if we put to land in that place we should all either perish for want of victuals which were not to bee had in that Countrie or else should haue our throats cut by the people Wee resolued rather to trie our bad fortunes on the land and to famish there if that kind of death must needes attend vpon vs then to perish on the Seas which we knew could affoord vs no such mercy and on shoare wee went as fast as possibly we could When our Officers saw that there was no remedie nor force to detayne vs aboord they then disheartned vs no longer but to our great comforts told it that the Master of the ship which thing hee himselfe likewise openly confessed knew both the Land and Gouernour thereof as indeed we proued afterwards he did and therefore desired they all our companies not to misse-behaue themselues toward the people for that it was an Iland called Iuthland vnder the Dominion of the King of Denmarke but subiect to the command of a Lord who vnder the King as his Substitute was the Gouernour And that we might be the better drawne to a ciuill behauiour towards the Inhabitants our Officers further told vs that they would repaire to the Lord Gouernour of the Countrie and acquaint him with the cause of our vnexpected landing there vpon which we all promised to offer no violence to the people neither was that promise violated because we found the Inhabitants tractable and as quiet towards vs as we to them yet the greater numbers of them ran away with feare at the first sight of vs because as afterward they reported it could not bee remembred by any of them that they euer either beheld themselues or euer heard any of their ancestors report that any strange people had landed in those places and parts of the Iland for they thought it impossible as they told vs that any ship should ride so neâ—ee the shoare as ours did by reason of the dangerous Sands Our Officers so soone as they were at land went to the Gouernour of the Iland whilest the Souldiers who stayed behind them ran to the houses of the Ilanders of purpose to talke with the people and at their hands to buy victuals for a present reliefe but when wee came among them they could neither vnderstand vs nor we them so that the Market was spoiled and wee could get nothing for our money yet by such signes as wee could make they vnderstood our wants pitied them and bestowed vpon vs freely a little of such things as they had In the end a happy meanes of our reliefe was found out by a Souldier amongst vs who was a Dane by birth but his education hauiâ—g beene in England no man knew him to be other then an English man This Dane made vse of 〈◊〉 owne natiue language to the good both of himselfe and vs certifying the people who the rather beleeued him because he spake in their knowne tongue of the cause that compelled vs to land vpon their Coast and that we intended no mischiefe violence or money to which report of his they giuing credit stood in lesse feare of vs then before and thereupon furnished vs with all such necessaries as the Countrie affoorded to sustaine our wants The foode which wee bought of them was onely fish and a kinde of course bread exceeding cheape Of which foode there was such plentie that for the value of three pence wee had as much fish as twentie men could eate at a meale and yet none of the worst sorts of fish but euen of the very best and daintiest as Mackrels and Lobsters and such like In which our trading with the poore simple people we found them so ignorant that many yea most of them regarded not whether you gaue them a Counter or a Shilling for the bigger the piece was the more fish they would giue for it but besides fish wee could get no other sustenance from them or at least could not vnderstand that they had any other But obserue what happened in the meane time that we were thus in traffique with the Ilanders for victuals our Officers as before is said being gone to the Lord Gouernour who lay about twelue English miles from the Sea side the Master of our ship on a sudden hoysed vp sailes and away he went leauing one of his owne men at shoare who accompanied our Officers as their guide through the Iland The cause of the ships departure did so much the more amaze vs by reason it was so vnexpected and the reason thereof vnknowne to vs But wee imagined the Master of the ship and Mariners feaâ—ed to receiue vs into the Vessell againe because some of our men at their being at Sea threatned the Saylers and offered them abuses before they could be brought to set vs on land On the next day following the Lord Gouernour of the Iland came to vs bringing our Officers along with him yet not being so confident of vs but that for auoyding of any dangers that might happen he came strongly guarded with a troupe of Horse-men well armed And vpon his
of a Biscay ship The fourth and fifth Whales killed The sixt whale killed Three hundred Morses Biscainers enuie The seuenth Whale killed The eight Whale killed The ninth and tenth Whales killed The eleuenth twelfth and thirteenth Whales killed Ascension day Greenland attayned in eighteene dayes A ship of Saint Iohn de Luz Eight Spaniards on the coast The Generall was Captaine Beniamin Ioseph after slaine in fight with a Carrike Dutch ship No night the 23. of May. Diuers strangers Lat. 78. deg 24. minut Ship of Biscay Snowe Greene harbour Low sound His Maiesties Armes and a Crosse set vp at Low-nesse Snowe Thomas Bonner English man Master and Pilot. 76. deg 55. min. declination 67. deg 30. min. Variation 12. deg 14. min. Abundance of Ice An Iland in 72 degrees on the Coast of Groinland Three and twentie whales killed A man slaine Latitude 78. deg 7. min. Note A South South west Moone maketh a full Sea here A Biscayn ship of 700. tuns Many rockes full of Fowle Lisets Ilands Eighteene Whales killed Three Whales killed by the English Eight thirtie Whales killed August 1. Latitude 77. degrees 40. minutes Variation 13. degrees 11. minutes Latitude 79. degrees 14. minutes This was Maâ— Cudners ship of London Latitude 79. degrees 8. minutes Sunnes refraction Note M. Cudner of London William Gourdon Variation 1. degree 5. min. Rost Ilands or Rosten 68. dâ—g no min. Thâ— variâ—tion 4 degrees 8. minutes East Variation 5. dâ—g 3. minutes East The lying of the land about Scoutsnesse We went forth to Sea We met with Ice in 75. deg 10. minutes Eleuen Sayles fast in the Ice M. Th. Sherwin Iune We goe cleere off the Ice Wee met with the Mary An-Sarah We came to the Fore land We proceeded to the Northwards Maudlen Sound Hackluyts Head-land We anchoreâ— in Maudlen Sound I went forth in a shallop We set sayle out of Maudlen Sound and followed the Ice Prince Charles Iland in 78. degrees 40. minutes Wee stood againe for shoare Eleuen Holland ships We anchored in Sir T. Smiths Bay We went forth of Sir T. Smiths Bay We were driuen backe againe into Crosse-road We set sayle out of Crosse-road One shallop to the Northward The other into Maudlen Sound The Kings Armes set vp in Trinitie Harbour Trinitie Harbor is vnder the parallel of 79. degrees 34. minutes We came to an anchor in Faire Hauen No Whales were yet come in The shallop returned from the Northwards Cape Barrèn Saddle Iland A Storme Iulie The Whales began now to come in Two Whales escaped We came forth of Faire hauen We met with Ice and stood to the Northwards Our Shallop came to vs. We returned towards Faire hauen We intended to discouer in Shallops I went forth in the one Shallop Master Baffin came to me in the other Shallop Red-beach Wee hailed our Shallop vpon the Ice We returned to our Shallop We were vnder saile and came to an anchor againe We killed a Whale August We went to the Northwards with our Shallops We got to the shoare of Red Beach with out Shallops We walked ouer Red-beach The Kings armes are set vp at Wiches Sound We passed ouer Wiches Sound We found Beach Finâ— We met with the Hartsease Shallop Note The end of Sir Thomas Smiths Inlet discouered We returned towards our Ship A storme began when we were amongst Ice We get forth of the Ice We came aboord our ship The Holland Discouerers go homewards Our Ship went forth to Sea We met with Ice eight leagues from the Shore We plyed off and on the Ice two dayes Wee anchored againe in the North Harbor I went to the Eastwards in a shallop Ice was newly frozen in Red-cliffe Sound I intended to go once to Point Desire A great snow began I could not passe for Ice The originall cause of Ice at Sea I went backe againe to Red-beach I returned towards our ship Point Welcome The Kings Armes are set vp againe at Point Welcome I went into Red cliffe Sound Point Deceit I came aboord our ship A Whale lay sunken fourteene dayes The Hartseasâ— anchored by vs. Warme weather in the end of August We set sayle to the Eastward The Thomasinâ— returnes for England We stood to the westwards Wee met with Ice We left the Ice and came for England A storme beganne A Corpo Santo It is often seen at the end of stormes Hackluyts Headland Perill and escape Note Errour of Grouland Fogges High Hill Drift wood Note Sir T. Smiths Iland Mount Hackluyt Hudsons Hold-with-hope questioned as before also Ships of the King of Denmarke Terrible Disaster Flemmings Peter Goodford drowned Cold and heate strangely variable Tobacco lighted by the Sun at midnight Gods mercy to England whiles warres haue infested thâ— rest of the World A. Thuan-bister l. 135. Iam. 3. Exod. 1. Al. Gwagninâ— descript Mosc George brother to the Emperor done to death Hee addes principal Nobles here omitted * 700. women at one time 378. prisoners at another 500. Matrons and Virgins of noble bloud exposed to be rauished by the Tartars in his sight at another time c. * A Secretarie cutting off his priuities he died presently which the Emperour construing to be done purposely caused him there instantly to eate whâ—t he had cut off * Or Theodor Sir Ierom Horsey The death of Iuan Vasiliwich 1584. April 18. Lord Boris adopted as the Emperors third sonne The day of Pheodor his coronation Iohn de Wale Chare Sibersky Prince of Siberia taken prisoner brought to Mosco Sophet Keri Alli King of the Crims arriuall at Mosco The new Emperor Pheodore Iuanowich his Lâ—tters and Requests to the Queene Master Horseys voyage from Mosco to England ouer land 1586. Thuan. hist. lib. 120. Diuorce vrged D. Fl. S.I.H. Boris his plot Thuan. hist. lib. 135. sec. Demetrius slain some tell that one pretended his colâ—er stood awry in mending it cut his throate * It was in the Northern parts at Duglets * Some write that he caused diuers places in Mosco to be fiâ—red and then afterwards out of his owne cost repaired them D. Flet. Death of Theodore The Empresse succeedeth Russians vse of fortie dayes mourning for an Emperours death The Queene turneth Nun. Boris his willing vnwillingnesse Boris his speech Boris Emperor His Wife Son Daughter Tartars Russian New yeere Boris crowned His policies P. Basman * Where the censorious bitternesse also seemeth too much to insult on Bâ—ris his dâ—sasters Tedious Title Strange request His audience P. Basman Emperours glorie Princes splendour Pollaxes Counsell and Nobilitie Plate Dining roomâ— Change of Rayment Two hundred Nobles guests Three hundred noble Seruitors Garlike and Onions Drinkes Meads Memory of Q. Elizabeth Gifts Newes of Demetrius Princes pomp Peter Basman Oucsinia the Princesse Second audience Citizens Souldiers Golden Seale Great dinner Ambassadors departure Sled-passage Emperor Boriâ— his death New christened Emperors person His respect to his sonne * Because he had done more for him then might lawfully be commanded
huntings Court and Counsell His Citie Cambalu and glorious Palace pag. 81. § 6. The Cans prouisions for Embassadours and for Posts against Dearth for High-wayes for the Poore in Cambalu for Astrologers Tartars Wine Fuell Religion Opinions Behauiour Court-neatnesse Polos proceeding from Cambalu westward Of Pulisangan Gouza Tainfu Pianfu Thaigin Cacianfu Quenzaufu Sindinfu Thebeth Caindu Caraian Carachan Cardandan and Vociam pag. 87. § 7. Of the Prouince of Mien and Bengala how they were conquered to the Can Of Cangigu Amu Tholoman Cintigui and some other parts of Cataio And of the Conquest of Mangi pag. 93. § 8. Of the Cities of Mangi now called China and the rarities thereof the many wonders of Quinsai the Palaces Pleasures Rites and Gouernment obserued by the Natiues and the Tartars pag. 96. § 9. The ships of India described the I le of Zipangu the Sea Chin and World of Ilands the two Iauas Zeilan and other Ilands with the rarities therein pag. 102. § 10. Of the firme Land of the Creater India pag. 104 CHAP. V. The Historie of Ayton or Anthonie the Armenian of Asia and specially touching the Tartars H. P pag. 108. § 1. Of the Kingdome of Cathay and diuers other Prouinces of Asia and of the first habitation of the Tartars and of Cangius or Cingis his beginnings ibid. § 2. Of Changius Can his second vision and conquests Of Hoccoâ—â— and his three sonnes expeditions of Gino Can of Mangu Can who was visited by the King of Armenia and â—aptâ—â—ed of the expedition of his brother Haloon pag. 112. § 3. Of Coâ—na Can the fift Emperour of the Tartarâ—ans Of the warre with Barcha and Tartarian quarrell with the Christians Haolaons death Acts of the Solâ—an of Egypt Of Abaya and other sonnes and successours of Haloon pag. 117. § 4. Of Argon the sonne of Abaga and 〈◊〉 his brother of Baâ—do and of the exploits of Casan against the Soldan of Egypt and others pag. 120. § 5. Casan dyeth Carbanda succeedeth his Apostasiâ— The Authors entrance into a Religious habit Of Tamor Can the sixt Emperour and of Chapar Hochtaâ— and Carbanda three other Tartarian Kings pag. 125. CHAP. VI. Trauels and Memorials of Sir Iohn Mandeuile pag. 128. CHAP. VII The Voyage of Nicolo di Conti a Venetian to the Indies Mangi Cambalu and Quinsai with some obseruations of those places pag. 158. CHAP. VIII Extracts of Alhacen his Arabike Historie of Tamerian touching his Martiall trauels done into French by Iean de Bec Abbat of Mortimer pag. 160. § 1. Tamerlans birth and person his Expedition against the Muscouite his marriage with the Cans daughter his ouer-throwing of Calix ibid. § 2. Cataio Cambalu Tamerlans Expedition into China entring the Wall conquering the King and disposing of the Countrey and returne to Cataio pag. 14◠§ 3. The differences betwixt Tamerian and Baiazet the Turke his returne to Samarcand and Expedition against Baiazet the battell and victorie his Caging of Baiazet and making him his foot-stoole pag. 155. § 4. Encrease of Samarcand Affaires of China Funerals of the Can comming to Quinza and description thereof His disposition of his estate and death pag. 160. CHAP. IX Reports of Chaggi Memet a Persian of Tabas in the Prouince of Châ—â—an touching his trauels and obseruations in the Countrey of the Great Can vnto M. G. Baptista Ramuâ—ic pag. 164. CHAP. X. A Treatise of China and the adioyning Regions written by Gaspar da Cruz a Dominicanâ—riar â—riar and dedicated to Sebastian King of Portugall here abbreuiated H. P. pag. 166. Of Camboia and the Bramenes there the cause of his going to China Of China and the neighbouring Regions ibid. § 2. Cantan described the publike and priuate buildings and gouernment The shipping and husbandrie of China their contempt of the idle and prouision for impotent poore pag. 170. § 3. Of their mechaâ—ix all Trades Merchandises and Moneyes their prouisions of flesh and fish the Persons and attyre of Men and Women their Feasts pag. 176. § 4. Of their Loâ—thias Mandarines or Magistrates their creation priuiledges maintenance of Prisons and Tortures of the King and of Embassadours pag. 183. § 5. Of the Portugall commerce with the Chinois of the seuere Iustice executed vpon certaine Magistrates for wrongs done to the Portugals pag. 190. § 6. Of the Religion in China difficultie of bringing in Christianitie Terrible Earth-quakes and Tempests in China pag. 195. CHAP. XI The relation of Galeotto Perera a Gentleman men of good credit that lay prisoner in China pag. 199. The Contents of the Chapters and Paragraphs in the second Booke of the Second part of Purchas his PILGRIMS CHAP. I. THe beginning of English Discoueries towards the North and North-east by Sir Hugh Willoughby Richard Chancellor and others of the Muscouie Trade as also Voyages by Russia ouer the Caspian Sea and thorow diuers Regions of Tartaria pag. 211. § 1. The first voyage for discouerie with three ships set forth vnder the charge of Sir Hugh Willoughby Knight in which he dyed and Muscouia was discouered by Captaine Chancellor ibid. Some additions for better knowledge of this Voyage taken by Clement Adams Schoole-master to the Queenes Henshmen from the mouth of Captaine Chancellor pag. 218. The Copie of the Duke of Moscouie and Emperour of Russia his Letters sent to King Edward the Sixth by the hands of Richard Chancellor pag. 221. § 2. The first voyage made by Master Anthonie Ienkinson from the Citie of London toward the Land of Russia begun the twelfth of May in the yeere 1557. pag. 222. § 3. Notes taken out of another mans Relation of the same voyage touching the Russian Rites pag. 226. § 4. The voyage of Master Anthony Ienkinson made from the Citie of Mosco in Russia to the Citie of Boghar in Bactria in the yeere 1558. written by himselfe to the Merchants of London of the Moscouie Companie pag. 231. § 5. Aduertisements and reports of the sixt voyage into the parts of Persia and Media gathered out of sundrie Letters written by Christopher Borough and more especially a voyage ouer the Caspian Sea and their shipwracke and miseries there endured by the Ice pag. 243. A Letter of Master Henrie Lane to the worshipfull Master William Sanderson contayning a briefe discourse of that which passed in the North-east discouerie for the space of three and thirtie yeeres pag. 249. CHAP. II. Obseruations of China Tartaria and other Easterne parts of the World taken out of Fernam Mendez Pinto his Peregrination pag. 2â—2 § 1. Mendez his many miserable aduentures his strange Expedition with Antonio de Faria diuers Coasts visited Pirats tamed miseries sâ—ffered glorie recouered pag. 252. § 2. Antonio Faria his taking of Nouda a Citie in China triumph at Liampoo strange voyage to Calempluy miserable shipwrack pag. 258 § 3. Their shipwrack in which Faria and most of them were drowned the miserable wandrings of the rest to Nanquin their imprisonment sentence and appeale to Pequin rarities obserued in those places and wayes of the
of the Second part of Purchas his PILGRIMS CHAP. I. A Voyage set forth by the Right Worshipfull Sir Thomas Smith and the rest of the Muscouie Company to Cherry Iland and for a further Discouerie to bee made towards the North-Pole for the likelihood of a Trade or a passage that way in a Ship called the Amitie of burthen seuentie tunnes in the which I Ionas Poole was Master hauhauing foureteene Men and one Boy Anno Dom. 1610. H. pag. 699. A briefe note what Beasts Fowles and Fishes were seene in this land pag. 707. CHAP. II. A Commission for Ionas Poole our Seruant appointed Master of a small Barke called the Elizabeth of fiftie tunnes burthen for Discouery to the Northward of Greeneland giuen the last day of May 1610. H. P. ibid. CHAP. III. A briefe Declaration of this my Voyage of Discouery to Greeneland and towards the West of it as followeth being set forth by the right Worshipfull Sir Thomas Smith Gouernour of the right Worshipfull Company of new Trades c. written by Ionas Poole H. pag. 711. CHAP. IIII. A Relation written by Ionas Poole of a Voyage to Greeneland in the yeere 1612. with two Shippes the one called the Whale the other the Sea-horse set out by the right Worshipfull the Muscouie Merchants H. pag. 713. CHAP. V. A Iournall of the Voyage made to Greeneland with sixe English Shippes and a Pinnasse in the yeere 1613. written by Master William Baffin H.P. pag. 716. CHAP. VI. A Voyage of Discouery to Greeneland c. An. 161â— written by Ro. Fotherbye H.P. pag. 720. CHAP. VII A true report of a Voyage Anno 1615. for Discouerie of Seas Lands and Ilands to the Northwards as it was performed by Robert Fotherbie in a Pinnasse of twenty tunnes called the Richerd of London H.P. pag. 728. A Letter of Robert Fotherby to Captain Edge written in Crosse-rode Iuly 15. 1615. pag. 731. CHAP. VIII Diuers other Voyages to Greenland with Letters of those which were there employed communicated to me by Master William Heley in the yeere 1617. 1618. 1619. 1620. 1621. 1623. pag. 732. A Letter of Master Robert Salmon to Master Sherwin In Sir Thomas Smiths Bay the 24. of Iune 1618. pag 733. A Letter of Master Th. Sherwin Bell-sound this â—9 of Iune 1618. â—bid A Letter of Iames Beuersham to Master Heley From Faire-hauen the 12. of Iuly 1618. ibid. A Letter of Iohn Chambers to W. Heley Bel-sound Iune 16. 1619. pag. 734. A Letter of I. Catcher to Master Heley from Faire-hauen Laus Deo this seuenteenth of Iune 1620. pag. 735. A Letter of Robert Salmon from Sir Thomas Smiths Bay Iuly 6. 1621. ibid. Laus Deo in Faire-Hauen the foure and twentieth of Iune 1623. pag. 736. Master Catchers Letter the nine and twentieth of Iune 1623. pag. 737. Captaine William Goodlards Letter â— Bel-sound this eight of Iuly 1623. ibid. CHAP. IX The late changes and manifold alterations in Russia since Iuan Vasilowich to this present gathered out of many Letters and Obseruations of English Embassadours and other Trauellers in those parts pag. 738. § 1. Of the reigne of Iuan Pheodore his sonne and of Boris ibid. The most solemne and magnificent coronation of Pheodor Iuanowich Emperour of Russia c. the tenth of Iune in the yeere 1â—84 seene and obserued by Master Ierom Horsey Gentleman and seruant to her Maiestie pag. 740. § 2. Occurrents of principall Note which happened in Russia in the time while the Honorable Sir Thomas Smith remained there Embassadour from his Maiestie pag. 748. § 3. One pretending himselfe to be Demetrius with the Popes and Poles helpes attaineth the Russian Empire his Arts Acts Mariage fauour to the English and miserable end pag. 755. The Copie of a Letter sent from the Emperor Demetry Euanowich otherwise called Grishco Otreapyoue pag. 758. The Copie of the translation of a Commission that was sent from the Mosko from the Emperour Demetry Euanowich alias Gryshca Otreapyoue by a Courtier named Gauaryla Samoylowich Salmanoue who was sent downe to the Castle of Archangell to Sir Thomas Smith then Lord Embassadour pag. 759. The Copie of the Translation of a new Priuiledge that was giuen to the Company by the Emperour Demetry Euanowich otherwise called Gryshca Otreapyoue the which Priuiledge was sent into England ouer-land by Olyuer Lysset Merchant and seruant to the foresaid Company ibid. The Copie of the translation of a Contract made by the Emperour Demetry Euanowich otherwise called Gryscha Otreapyoue and the daughter of the Palatine Sendamersko chiefe Generall of Poland pag. 761. § 4. The Copie of the Translation of a Letter sent from the new Emperour Vassily Euanowich Shoskey to the Kings Maiesty by Master Iohn Mericke pag. 765. Captaine Margarets Letter to Master Mericke from Hamborough Ian. 29. 1612. pag. 780. § 5. Of the miserable estate of Russia after Swiskeys deportation their election of the King of Polands Sonne their Interregnum and popular estate and choosing at last of the present Emperour with some remarkeable accidents in his time H.P. pag. 782. Pacta inter Primarium Ducem Exercituum Regni Poloniae inter Heroes Moscouiae pag. 783. CHAP. X. A briefe Copie of the points of the Contracts betweene the Emperours Maiestie and the Kings Maiestie of Sweden in Stolboua the seuen and twentieth of February 1616. pag. 792. CHAP. XI A Relation of two Russe Cossacks trauailes out of Siberia to Catay and other Countries adioyning thereunto Also a Copie of the last Patent from the Muscouite A Copie of a Letter written to the Emperour from his Gouernours out of Siberia pag. 797. The Copie of the Altine Chars or golden Kings Letter to the Emperour of Russia ibid. A Description of the Empires of Catay and Labin and other Dominions as well inhabited as places of Pasture called Vlusses and Hords and of the great Riuer Ob and other Riuers and Land passages pag. 799. CHAP. XII Notes concerning the discouery of the Riuer of Ob taken out of a Roll written in the Russian tongue which was attempted by the meanes of Antonie Marsh a chiefe Factor for the Moscouie Company of England 1584 with other notes of the North-east H. pag. 804. The report of Master Francis Cherry a Moscouie Merchant and Master Thomas Lyndes touching a warme Sea to the South-east of the Riuer Ob and a Note of Francis Gaulle H.P. p. 806. CHAP. XIII Discoueries made by Englishmen to the North-west Voyages of Sir Sebastian Cabot Master Thorne and other Ancients and Master Weymouth H.P. ibid. The Voyage of Captaine George Weymouth intended for the discouery of the North-west Passag toward China with two flye Boates. pag. 809. CHAP. XIV Iames Hall his Voyage forth of Denmarke for the discouery of Greenland in the yeere 1605. abbreuiated H. pag. 814. CHAP. XV. The second Voyage of Master Iames Hall forth of Denmarke into Greeneland in the yeere 1606. contracted H. pag. 821. CHAP. XVI The Voyage of Master Iohn Knight which had beene at Greeneland once
1155. § 1. The Ships employed in the Voyage and accidents on the Coasts of Spaine in the Canaries and the Nauigation thence to Dominica ibid. § 2. Description of Dominica and the Virgines Their landing on Port Ricco March fights and taking the Towne pag. 1157. § 3. The Fort Mora besieged and taken The Towne described the Mines Purpose to hold the place altered by the death and sicknesse of manie pag. 1162. A resolution which they were to trust to p. 1163. § 4. Purpose of returne Treatie with the Spaniards His Lordships departure Description of the Iland the Beasts Fruits Plants c. pag. 1168. § 5. Accidents by Sea in their way to the Azores and there pag. 1174. CHAP. IIII. The first Voyages made to diuers parts of America by Englishmen Sir Sebastian Cabot Sir Thomas Pert also of Sir Iohn Hawkins and Sir Francis Drake and many others collected briefly out of Master Camden Master Hakluit and other Writers pag. 117â— A briefe Historie of Sir Francis Drakes Voyages pag. 1179. A briefe recitall or nomination of Sea-fights other Englishmens Voyages related at large in the printed Workes of Master Hakluit pag. 1186. CHAP. V. The Relation of Peter Carder of Saint Verian in Cornwall within seuen miles of Falmouth which went with Sir Francis in his Voyage about the World begun 1577. who with seuen others in an open Pinnasse or Shallop of fiue tunnes with eight Oares was separated from his Generall by foule weather in the South Sea in October Anno 1578. who returning by the Straites of Magellan toward Brasill were all cast away saue this one onely aforenamed who came into England nine yeeres after miraculously hauing escaped many strange dangers aswell among diuers Sauages as Christians H. pag. 1187. CHAP. VI. Master Thomas Candish his Discourse of his fatall and disastrous Voyage towards the South Sea with his many disaduentures in the Magellan Straits and other places written with his owne hand to Sir Tristram Gorges his Executor H. pag. 1192. CHAP. VII The admirable aduentures and strange fortunes of Master Anthonie Kniuet which went with Master Thomas Candish in his second Voyage to the South Sea 1591. H. P. pag. 1201. § 1. What befell in their Voyage to the Straits and after till hee was taken by the Portugals ibid. § 2. Anthonie Kniuet his comming to the R. of Ianero and vsage amongst the Portugals and Indians his diuers Trauels thorow diuers Regions of those parts pag. 1207. § 3. His strange trauels with twelue Portugals whom the Sauages did eate His life with the Canibals and after that with the Portugals from whom hee fleeth to Angola is brought backe and after manifold chances is shipped to Lisbone pag. 1216. § 4. The diuers Nations of Sauages in Brasill and the adioyning Regions their diuersities of Conditions States Rites Creatures and other thinges remarkeable which the Author obserued in his many yeeres manifold Peregrinations pag. 1225. The Giants of Port Desire and Inhabitants of Port Famine also Angola Congo and Massangana and Angica Countries of Africa pag. 1232. § 5. The description of diuers Riuers Ports Harbours Ilands of Brasill for instruction of Nauigators pag. 1237. CHAP. VIII Relations of Master Thomas Turner who liued the best part of two yeeres in Brasill c. which I receiued of him in conference touching his Trauels pag. 1243. CHAP. IX The taking of Saint Vincent and Puerto Bello by Captaine William Parker of Plimouth the seuenth of February 1601. ibid. CHAP. X. Certayne Notes of a Voyage made by Dauid Middleton into the West Indies with Captaine Michael Geare Ann. Dom. 1601. H. pag. 1242. CHAP. XI The Description of the I le of Trinidad the rich Countrey of Guiana and the mightie Riuer of Orenoco written by Francis Sparrey left there by Sir Walter â—aileigh 1595. and in the end taken by the Spaniards and sent Prisoner into Spaine and after long Captiuitie got into England by great sute H. pag. 1247. CHAP. XII Captaine Charles Leigh his Voyage to Guiana and plantation there H. pag â—250 CHAP. XIII A true Relation of the traiterous Massacre of the most part of threescore and seuen English men set on Land out of a Ship of Sir Oliph Leagh bound for Guiana in Santa Lucia an Iland of the West Indie the three and twentieth of August written by Iohn Nicol. H. P. pag. 1255. CHAP. XIIII The Relation of Master Iohn Wilson of Wansteed in Essex one of the last tenne that returned into England from Wiapoco in Guiana 1606. H. pag. 1260. CHAP. XV. Part of a Treatise written by Master William Turner Sonne to Doctor Turner of London a Physitian touching the former Voyage H. pag. 1265 CHAP. XVI A Relation of a Voyage to Guiana performed by Robert Harcourt of Stanton Harcourt in the Countie of Oxford Esquire pag. 1267. The names of the Riuers falling into the Sea from Amazones to Dessequebe and of the seuerall Nations inhabiting those Riuers pag. 1282. CHAP. XVII A Relation of the habitation and other Obseruations of the Riuer of Marwin and the adioyning Regions pag. 1283. Riuers from Brabisse to the Amazones p. 1286 CHAP. XVIII A Description and Discouerie of the Riuer of Amazons by William Dauies Barber Surgeon of London pag. 1287. The Contents of the Chapters and Paragraphs in the Seuenth Booke of the second part of Purchas his PILGRIMS CHAP. I. A Treatise of Brasill written by a Portugall which had long liued there H. pag. 1289. § 1. Of the beginning and originall of the Indians of Brasill and of their Customes Religions and Ceremonies ibid. § 2. Of their manner of killing and eating of Humane flesh and of their creating Gentlemen pag. 1294. § 3. Of the diuersitie of Nations and Languages and of the Soyle and Climate pag. 1297. § 4. Of the Beasts Land-serpents and Fowles pag. 1301. Of Land-snakes and Serpents pag. 1303. Of the Fowles that are in the Land and are thereon sustained pag. 1304. § 5. Of the Brasilian Trees for Fruit Medicine and other vses and their Herbes of rare operations pag. 1306. Of the Herbes that yeeld Fruit and are eaten pag. 1309. § 6. Of the Fishes that swimme in the Salt-water also Shel-fishes Trees and Fowles of the Sea of Riuers and the Creatures which liue therein and the Beasts and Plants brought thither out of Portugall pag. 1312. Birds that doe feed and are found in the Salt-water pag. 1316. Fresh-water Snakes and Creatures of the water pag. 1317. Of the Beasts Trees and Herbes that came from Portugall and doe grow and breed in Brasill pag. 1318. CHAP. II. Articles touching the dutie of the Kings Maiestie our Lord and to the common good of all the estate of Brasill Written as is thought by the Author of the former Treatise H. pag. 1320. CHAP. III. Extracts out of the Historie of Iohn Lerius a Frenchman who liued in Brasill with Monsieur Villagagnon Anno 1557. and 58. H.P. pag. 1325 § 1. Of the Beasts and other liuing Creatures and Plants
Mexico dated in the moneth of December 1591. With a Letter added written 1605. of later Discoueries H. pag. 1562. A Letter written from Valladolid by Ludouicus Tribaldus Toletus to Master Richard Hakluyt translated out of Latine touching Iuan de Onate his Discoueries in New Mexico fiue hundred leagues to the North from the Old Mexico H. pag. 1565. The Prologue of the Bishop Frier Bartholomew de las Casas or Casaus to the most high and mightie Prince Our Lord Don Philip Prince of Spaine pag 1568. CHAP. IIII. A briefe Narration of the destruction of the Indies by the Spaniards written by a Frier Bartholmew de las Casas a Spaniard and Bishop of Chiapa in America pag. 1569. Of the I le of Hispaniola pag. 1570. Of the two Iles Saint Iohn Iamayca pag. 1573 Of the I le of Cuba ibid. Of Terra Firma or the firme Land pag. 1575 Of the Prouince of Nicaragua pag. 1576. Of New Spaine pag. 1577. Of the Prouince and Realme of Guatimala pag. 1579. Of New Spaine and Panuco and Xalisco pag. 1580. Of the Realme of Yucatan pag. 1581. Of the Prouince of Saint Martha pag. 1583. Of the Prouince of Carthagene pag. 1584. Of the Coast of Pearles and of Paria and of the I le of the Trinitie ibid. Of the Riuer Yuia pari pag. 1587. Of the Realme of Venesuela ibid. Of the Prouinces of the firme Land or quarter that is called Florida pag. 1589. Of the Riuer of La plata ibid. Of the mightie Realmes and large Prouinces of Peru. ibid. Of the new Realme of Granado pag. 1591. Part of a Letter written by one which saw things mentioned pag. 1596. The summe of the Disputation betweene Frier Bartholomew de las Casas or Casaus and Doctor Sepulueda pag. 1601. CHAP. V. Notes of Voyages and Plantations of the French in the Northerne America both in Florida and Canada pag. 1603. CHAP. VI. The Voyage of Samuel Champlaine of Brouage made vnto Canada in the yeere 1603. dedicated to Charles de Montmorencie c. High Admirall of France H. pag. 1605 CHAP. VII The Patent of the French King to Monsieur de Monts for the Inhabiting of the Countries of La Cadia Canada and other places in New France pag. 1619. The Voyage of Monsieur de Monts into New France written by Marke Lescarbot pag. 1620. CHAP. VIII Collections out of a French Booke called Additions to Noua Francia contayning the Accidents there from the yeere 1607. to 1611. pag. 1642. CHAP. IX The first Plantation of English Colonies in Virginia briefly mentioned pag. 1645. CHAP. X. The Relation of Captaine Gosnols Voyage to the North part of Virginia begun the six and twentieth of March Anno 42. Elizabethae Reginae 16â—2 and deliuered by Gabriel Archer a Gentleman in the said Voyage H. pag. 1647. CHAP. XI Notes of the same Voyage taken out of a Tractate written by Iames Rosier to Sir Walter Raileigh and of Maces Voyage to Virginia pag. 1651. CHAP. XII A Voyage set out from the Citie of Bristoll at the charge of the chiefest Merchants and Inhabitants of of the said Citie with a small Ship and a Barke for the Discouery of the North part of Virginia in the yeere 1603. vnder the command of mee Martin Pringe H. pag. 1654. A Relation of the voyage made to Virginia in the Elizabeth of London a Barke of fiftie tunnes by Captaine Bartholmew Gilbert in the yeere 1603. Written by Master Thomas Canner a Gentleman of Barnards Inne his Companion in the same Voyage H. pag. 1656. CHAP. XIII Extracts of a Virginian Voyage made An. 1604. by Captaine George Waymouth in the Archangell Set foorth by the Right Honourable Henrie Earle of South-hampton and the Lord Thomas Arundel written by Iames Rosier H.P. pag. 1659 CHAP. XIIII The description of the Ilands of Azores or the Flemish Ilands taken out of Linschoten with certaine occurrents and English acts pag. 1667. Of certaine notable and memorable Accidents that happened during my continuance in Tercera in which are related many English Fleets Sea-fights and Prizes pag. 1672. The Contents of the Chapters and Paragraphs in the Ninth Booke of the Second part of Purchas his PILGRIMS CHAP. I. PArt of the first Patent granted by his Maiestie for the Plantation of Virginia Aprill the tenth 1606. pag. 1683. CHAP. II. Obseruations gathered out of a Discourse of the Plantation of the Southerne Colonie in Virginia by the English 1606. Written by that Honorable Gentleman Master George Percy H. pag. 1684 CHAP. III. The Description of Virginia by Captaine Iohn Smith inlarged out of his written Notes pag. 1691. Of such things which are naturall in Virginia and how they vse them pag. 1694. Of their planted Fruits in Virginia and how they vse them pag. 1696. Of the naturall Inhabitants of Virginia and their Customes pag. 1697. Of their Religion pag. 1701. Of the manner of the Virginians Gouernment pag. 1703. CHAP. IIII. The proceedings of the English Colonie in Virginia taken faithfully out of the writings of Thomas Studley Cape-Merchant Anas Todkill Doctor Russell Nathaniel Powell William Phetiplace and Richard Pot Richard Wiffin Tho. Abbay Tho. Hope and since enlarged out of the Writings of Captaine Iohn Smith principall Agent and Patient in these Virginian Occurrents from the beginning of the Plantation 1606. till Anno 1610. somewhat abbreuiated pag. 1705. The Proceedings and Accidents with the second suppy pag. 1719. CHAP. V. A Letter of Master Gabriel Archer touching the Voyage of the Fleet of Ships which arriued at Virginia without Sir Thomas Gates and Sir George Summers 1609. H. pag. 1733. CHAP. VI. A true reportorie of the wracke and redemption of Sir Thomas Gates Knight vpon and from the Ilands of the Bermudas his comming to Virginia and the estate of that Colonie then and after vnder the Gouernment of the Lord La Warre Iuly 15. 1610. written by Wil. Strachy Esq H. p. 1734 § 1. A most dreadfull Tempest the manifold deaths whereof are heere to the life described their Wracke on Bermuda and the description of those Ilands pag. 1734. § 2. Actions and Occurrents whiles they continued in the Ilands Rauens sent for Virginia Diuers Mutinies Paine executed Two Pinnaces built pag. 1742. § 3. Their departure from Bermuda and arriuall in Virginia Miseries there departure and returne vpon the Lord La Warres arriuing Iames Towne described pag. 1747. § 4. The Lord La Warres beginnings and proceedings in Iames Towne Sir Thomas Gates sent into England his and the Companies testimony of Virginia and cause of the late miseries pag. 1754. CHAP. VII The Voyage of Captaine Samuell Argal from Iames Towne in Virginia to seeke the I le of Bermuda and missing the same his putting ouer toward Sagadahoc and Cape Cod and so backe againe to Iames Towne begun the nineteenth of Iune 1610. H. pag. 1758. CHAP. VIII A short Relation made by the Lord De la Warre to the Lords and others of the Counsell of Virginia touching his vnexpected returne home and
afterwards deliuered to the generall Assembly of the said Companie at a Court holden the 25. of Iune 1611. Published by authority of the said Counsell pag. 176â— CHAP. IX A Letter of Sir Samuell Argoll touching his Voyage to Virginia and Actions there Written to Master Nicholas Hawes Iune 1613. H. p. 1764. CHAP. X. Notes of Virginian Affaires in the gouernment of Sir Thomas Dale and of Sir Thomas Gates till Ann. 1614. taken out of Master Ralph Hamor Secretarie to the Colonie his Booke pag. 1766. CHAP. XI A Letter of Sir Thomas Dale and another of Master Whitakers from Iames Towne in Virginia Iune 18. 1614. And a peece of a Tractate written by the said Master Whitakers from Virginia the yeere before pag. 1768. To the R. and my most esteemed friend M. D.M. at his house at F. Ch. in London ibid. Part of a Tractate written at Henrico in Virginia by M. Alexander Whitaker Minister to the Colonie there which then gouerned by Sir Thomas Dale 1613. pag. 1771. CHAP. XII Of the Lotterie Sir Thomas Dales returne the Spaniards in Virginia Of Pocahuntas and Tomocomo Captaine Yerdley and Captaine Argoll both since Knighted their Gouernment the Lord La Warres Death and other occurrents till Anno 1619. pag. 1773. CHAP. XIII The estate of the Colonie Anno 1620. and Master Dermers Letter to me from Virginia touching his Voyage for the South Sea pag. 1775. A Note of the Shipping Men and Prouisions sent to Virginia by the Treasurer and Companie in the yeere 1619. pag. 1776. CHAP. XIIII A true Relation of a Sea-fight betweene two great and well appointed Spanish Ships or Men of Warre and an English ship called the Margaret and Iohn or the Black Hodge going for Virginia pag. 1780 CHAP. XV. Virginian affaires since the yeere 1620. till this present 1624. pag. 1783. § 1. A Note of the shipping Men and prouisions sent and prouided for Virginia by the Right Honourable Henry Earle of South-hampton and the Companie and other priuate Aduenturers in the yeere 1621. c. With other Occurrents then published by the Companie ibid. Ships and People ibid. And for the benefit of the Plantations these things following haue beene here done this yeere ibid. Other Occurrents of note ibid. Gifts pag. 1784. § 2. Newes from Virginia in Letters sent thence 1621. partly published by the Company partly transcribed from the Originals with Letters of his Maiestie and of the Companie touching Silke-workes pag. 1787. His Maiesties gracious Letter to the Earle of South-hampton Tresurer and to the Counsell and Companie of Virginia here commanding the present setting vp of Silke-workes and planting of Vines in Virginia pag. 1787. § 3. The barbarous Massacre committed by the Sauages on the English Planters March the two and twentieth 1621. after the English accompt pag. 1788. § 4. A Note of prouisions necessarie for euery Planter or personall Aduenturer to Virginia and accidents since the Massacre pag. 1719. CHAP. XVI English Voyages to the Summer Ilands Henry Mays Shipwracke there 1593. The first Colony sent 1612. pag. 1793. A Copie of the Articles which Master R. More Gouernour Deputie of the Summer Ilands propounded to the Company that were there with him to be subscribed vnto which both hee and they subscribed the second of August in his House Anno 1612. which about the same time hee sent into England to the Worshipfull Companie of the Aduenturours pag. 1795. CHAP. XVII Relations of Summer Ilands taken out of Master Richard Norwood his Map and Notes added thereto printed 1622. The Historie of the Creatures growing or liuing therein being inlarged out of Captaine Smiths written Relations pag. 1796. CHAP. XVIII Extracts out of Captaine Iohn Smiths Historie of Bermudas or Summer Ilands touching the English acts and occurrents there from the beginning of the Plantation pag. 1801. CHAP. XIX Briefe intelligence from Virginia by Letters a supplement of French-Virginian occurrants and their supplantation by Sir Samuel Argal in right of the English plantation pag. 1â—05 CHAP. XX. Virginias Verger or a discourse shewing the benefits which may grow to this Kingdome from American-English Plantations and specially those of Virginia and Summer Ilands p. 1809. The Contents of the Chapters and Paragraphs in the tenth Booke of the Second part of Purchas his PILGRIMS CHAP. I. A Briefe Relation of the discouerie and plantation of New England and of sundrie accidents therein occurring from the yeer of our Lord 1607. to this present 1622. published by the President and Councell and dedicated to the Princes Highnesse here abbreuiated p. 1827. CHAP. II. The voyage of Master Henrie Challons intended for the North plantation of Virginia 1606. taken by the way and ill vsed by Spaniards written by Iohn Stoneman Pilot. H. pag. 1832. CHAP. III. Extracts of a Booke of Captaine Iohn Smith printed 1622. called New Englands trialls and continuing the storie thereof with Motiues to the businesse of fishing there pag. 1837. An Abstract of Letters sent from the Colonie in New England Iuly sixteene 1622. p. 1840. CHAP. IIII. A Relation or Iournall of a plantation setled at Plimoth in New England and proceedings therof printed 1622. and here abbreuiated p. 1842. CHAP. V. Good newes from New England or a relation of things remarkable in that Plantation written by E. Winslow and here abbreuaited pag. 1853. CHAP. VI. Noua Scotia The Kings Paâ—ent to Sir William Alexander Knight for the plantation of New Scotland in America and his proceedings therein with a description of Mawooshen for better knowledge of those parts pag. 1871. The description of the Country of Mawooshen discouered by the English in the yeere 1602.3 5 6 7 8 and 9. H. pag. 1873. CHAP. VII The beginning of the Patent for New-found-land and the plantation there made by the English 1610. deliuered in a Letter dated thence from M. Guy to M. Slany Also of the weather the three first winters and of Captaine Weston with other remarkable occurrents H. pag. 1876. Master Iohn Guy his Letter to Master Slany Treasurer and to the Counsell of the New-found-land plantation pag. 1877. To Master Iohn Slany Treasurer and others of the Councell and Companie of the New-found-land plantation the 29. of Iuly 1612. pag. 1879. CHAP. VIII Captaine Richard Whitbournes voyages to New-found-land and obseruations there and thereof taken out of his printed booke p. 1882. A Relation of New-found-land pag. 1884. CHAP. IX The names of diuers honourable persons and others who haâ—e vndertaken to helpe to aduance his Maiesties plantation in the New-found-land written by the said R. W. with extracts of certaine Letters written from thence pag. 1888. The second Part of the tenth Booke CHAP. X. DIuers warlike Fleets set forth to Seâ— against the Spaniards by our English Debora Queene Elizabeth of glorious memorie Her manifold deliueries and victories pag. 1891. CHAP. XI The Popes Bull the King of Spaines preparations the Duke of Medinas Expedition the Duke of Parmas Forces for the inuasion of England diuers Sea fights twixt
so they continued driuing with the Ice South-east into the Sea by the space of fortie houres and then being the sixteenth day the Ice stood Whiles they droue with the Ice the dangers which they incurred were great for oftentimes when the Ice with force of wind and Sea did breake pieces of it were tossed and driuen one vpon another with great force terrible to behold and the same happened at sometimes so neere vnto the Lighters that they expected it would haue ouer-whelmed them to their vtter destruction but God who had preserued them from many perils before did also saue and deliuer them then Within three or foure dayes after the first standing of the Ice when it was firme and strong they tooke out all their goods being fortie and eight Bales or Packes of Raw Silke c. laid it on the Ice and couered the same with such prouisions as they had Then for want of victuals c. they agreed to leaue all the goods there vpon the Ice and to goe to the shoare and therevpon brake vp their Chests and Corobias wherewith and with such other things as they could get they made Sleds for euery of them to draw vpon the Ice whereon they layed their clothes to keepe them warme and such victuals as they had and such other things as they might conueniently carrie and so they departed from the said goods and Pauoses very early about one of the clocke in the morning and trauelling on the Ice directed their way North as neere as they could judge and the same day about two of the clocke in the after-noone they had sight of the Chetera Babbas foure Hillocks of Ilands so called vnto the same they directed themselues and there remayned that night The goods and Pauoses which they left on the Ice they judged to be from those Chetera Babbas about twentie Versts And the next morning departed thence East-wards and came to the Chetera Bougories or foure Ilands before spoken of before noone the distance betweene those places is about fifteene Versts where they remained all that night departing thence towards Astracan the next morning very early they lost their way through the perswasion of the Russes which were with them taking to much towards the left hand contrary to the opinion of Master Hudson whereby wandering vpon the Ice foure or fiue dayes not knowing whether they were entred into the Crimme Tartars Land or not at length it fortuned they met with a way that had beene trauelled which crost back-wards towards the Sea that way they tooke and following the same within two dayes trauell it brought them to a place called the Crasnoyare that is to say in the English Tongue Red Cliffe which diuers of the company knew There they remayned that night hauing nothing to eate but one Loafe of Bread which they happened to find with the two Russes that were left in the ship to keepe her all the Winter as is aforesaid whom they chanced to meet going towards Astracan about fiue miles before they came to the said Crasnoyare who certified them that the ship was cut in pieces with the Ice and that they had hard scaping with their liues In the morning they departed early from Grasnoyare towards the Ouchooge and about nine of the clocke before noone being within ten Versts of the Vchooge they met Amos Riall with the Carpenter which he found at Ouchooge and a Gunner newly come out of England and also sixtie fiue Horses with so many Cassacks to guide them and fiftie Gunners for guard which brought prouision of victuals c. and were sent by the Duke to fetch the goods to Astracan The meeting of that company was much joy vnto them The Factors sent backe with Amos Riall and the said company to fetch the goods Thomas Hudson the Master Tobias Paris his Mate and so they the said Factors and their company marched on to the Vchooge where they refreshed themselues that day and the night following And from thence proceeded on towards Astracan where they arriued the last day of Nouember These that went for the goods after their departure from the Factors trauelled the same day vntill they came within ten Versts of the Chetera Babbas where they rested that night The next morning by the breake of the day they departed thence and before noone were at the Chetera Babbas where they stayed all night but presently departed thence Thomas Hudson with the Carpenter and Gunner to seeeke where the goods lay who found the same and the next day they returned backe to their company at the Chetera Babbas and declared vnto them in what sort they had found the said goods The third day early in the morning they departed all from the foure Babbas towards the said goods and the same day did lade all the goods they could finde vpon the said sleds and withall conuenient speed returned backe towards Astracan And when they came to the Chetera Bougori where they rested the night in the morning very early before the breake of day they were assaulted by a great company of the Nagays Tartars Horse-men which came shouting and hallowing with a great noyse but our people were so inuironed with the sleds that they durst not enter vpon them but ranne by and shot their Arrowes amongst them and hurt but one man in the head who was a Russe and so departed presently Yet when it was day they shewed themselues a good distance off from our men being a very great troope of them but did not assault them any more The same day our men with those carriages departed from thence towards Astracan where they arriued in safetie the fourth of December about three of the clock in the after-noone where our people greatly rejoyced of their great good hap to haue escaped so many hard euents troubles and miseries as they did in that Voyage and had great cause therefore to prayse the Almightie who had so mercifully preserued and deliuered them They remayned the Winter at Astracan where they found great fauour and friendship of the Duke Captaine and other chiefe Officers of that place but that Winter there hapned no great matter worth the noting In the Spring of the yeere 1581. about the midst of March the Ice was broken vp and cleare gone before Astracan A Letter of Master HENRIE LANE to the worshipfull Master WILLIAM SANDERSON containing a briefe discourse of that which passed in the North-east discouerie for the space of three and thirtie yeeres MAster Sanderson as you lately requested me so haue I sought and though I cannot finde some things that heretofore I kept in writing and lent out to others yet perusing at London copies of mine old Letters to content one that meaneth to pleasure many I haue briefly and as truely as I may drawne out as followeth The rough hewing may bee planed at your leasure or as pleaseth him that shall take the paines First the honourable attempt
may be called the Mother Citie of the Worlds Monarchie for the wealth gouernment greatnesse iustice prouisions It stands in the height of 41. degrees to the North it contayneth in circuit as the Chinois and as I after heard read in a little Booke written of the greatnesse thereof called Aquesendoo which I brought with mee into this Kingdome thirtie leagues ten in length and fiue in bredth all which space is enuironed with two Walls and innumerable Towers and Bulwarkes Without is a larger space which they say was anciently peopled which now hath but Hamlets and scattered Houses and Garden-houses of which sixteene hundred are of principall note in which are the sixteene hundred Proctors for the sixteene hundred Cities and Townes of note of the two and thirtie Kingdomes of this Monarchie which reside there three yeeres for the said Townes Without this circuit or wall there are in the space of three leagues broad and seuen long foure and twentie thousand Sepulchres of Mandarines with their little gilded Chappels encompassed with grates of Iron and Latten with rich Arches at their entries Neere to them are Gardens Groues Tankes Fountaines the walls lined within with fine Porcelane adorned also with Lions and Pinacles of diuers paintings There are in that space fiue hundred Lodgings called Houses of the Sonne of the Sunne for entertainment of Souldiers maimed in the Kings warres besides many others for the old and sicke euery of which receiue their monethly allowance and haue in them as they said two hundred men in all one hundred thousand Wee saw another street very long where liued foure and twentie thousand Rowers for the Kings shipping and another aboue a league long where liued fourteene thousand Tauerners for prouision for the Court and another where were infinite Curtesans freed from tribute which those of the Citie pay for seruice of the Court many running from their husbands and here protected by the Tutan of the Court which is supreme in cases of the Kings house In that compasse also liue the Landerers of the Citie which were as they told vs aboue one hundred thousand there being many Tankes or Ponds compassed with stone and Riuers There are therein as that Booke sayth thirteene hundred Noble houses of Religious men and women which professe the foure chiefe Sects of the two and thirtie which are in that Kingdome some of which they say haue aboue one thousand persons within them besides seruitors There are other houses store with great walls in which are Gardens and Groues with game for hunting and are as it were the Halls of Companies where many resort to see Playes and the great men make their feasts there with incredible costs Some of these houses cost aboue a million maintayned by Companies of rich Merchants which are said to gaine much thereby And when any will make a feast he goeth to the Xipatom of the house who sheweth him a Booke wherein is contayned the order of feasts and seruices which Booke I haue seene and heard read of all sorts and of what prices they are whether Sacred to their Idols or Secular of which our Authour hath a large Chapter here omitted Now for Pequin it hath three hundred and sixtie Gates each hauing a Castlet with two Towers and a Draw-bridge a Notarie and foure Warders to take notice of those which goe in and out and an Idoll proper according to the dayes of the yeere euery of which is festiuall in one of them The Chinois reported that there are therein three thousand eight hundred Temples or Pagodes in which are continually sacrificed birds and wilde beasts which they say are more acceptable then tame those especially very faire which are of the Menigrepos and Conquiais and Talagrepos the Priests of the foure chiefe Sects of Xaca Amida Gizon and Canom The streets are long and large the houses faire of one or two lofts encompassed with Iron and Latten grates and at the streets end are triumphall arches closed at night in the chiefe are Watch-bells Euery street hath a Captaine and foure quarter-Quarter-masters or Corporals which euery ten dayes acquaint the Lonchacys or Chaems with occurrents That Booke reports of one hundred and twentie water-passages sixe fathome deepe of water and twelue wide with many stone bridges which are said to be eighteene hundred rich and faire with arches pillars and chaines it tels also of one hundred and twentie Market-places each of which haue their monethly Faires which make some foure faires a day thorow the yeere of which we saw ten or twelue in our two moneths free abode very full of horse-men and foot-men with all commodities to be sold. There are one hundred and sixtie Shambles each hauing one hundred blockes for Flesh of all sorts the price set downe on euery blocke and besides the shop-weights are weights at euery Gate to examine the weight againe And besides those generall shambles euery street hath fiue or sixe shops which sell all kinde of Flesh houses also for Poultrie and for Bacon and hanged Beefe §. V. Foure Buildings incredibly admirable in Pequin and diuers of their superstitions their Hospitals and prouisions for the Poore The Kings reuenues and Court their Sects BVt nothing seemed to me more admirable then the Prison called Xinanguibaleu that is the Prison of the exiled whose compasse contayneth about two leagues square as well in length as breadth walled high and ditched deepe with draw-bridges hanged on Iron cast pillars very great It hath a high arch with two towers whereon are six great watch-Bels at the sound whereof the rest within answer which are sayd to bee one hundred In this Prison are continually three hundred thousand men from sixteene to fiftie yeers of age all condemned to banishment for the fabrike of the wall betwixt Tartaria and China whom the King findes maintainance onely without other pay After they haue serued sixe yeares they may goe out freely the King freely remitting their sentence in satisfaction of their labour And if in the meane time they kill an enemie or haue beene thrice wounded in sallies or performe any worthy exploit he is also freed There are two hundred ten thousand employed in that seruice of which yeerly in those that dye are maimed or freed one third part is set off and supplyed from that Prison which was builded by Goxiley the successor of Crisnagol the founder of the wall brought thither from all parts of the Realme and sent to the Chaem of the wall at his appointment These prisoners are sent from other prisons being loose saue that they weare at their necke a board of a spanne long and foure fingers broad inscribed with their name and sentence of exile such a time In this Prison are two Faires yeerely one of which wee saw kept in Iuly and Ianuarie franke and free without payment of tolls to which are thought to assemble three millions of persons the
might issue to the Ethnikes some light in stead of a totall darknesse a diseased life being better then death and to Europe to be lightned of their burthen where professing themselues Lights they proue Lightnings and raise so manifold combustions And most especially could I wish this honour to my Countrey-men the English Iesuites and Priests Popiâ—h Emissaries of whatsoeuer Order that they were there ordered or which fits their ambition better ordering that Easterne World rather then here disordered and disordering playing the Lords of Mis-rule in the West The very Name of Christ is sweet to mee euen in Iapan yea from a Iesuites mouth or a Iesuites Conuert and would God they taught them Iesus more and lesse Iesuitish fancies of exchanged worship of Creatures howsoeuer gilded with Christian Names that the Iaponians might learne to acknowledge Iesus and Maria truly and not with Names and Images of they know not what to worship Venus and her Sonne Cupid in stead of the Blessed Virgin and that incarnate Blessednesse her blessed Sonne who is God ouer all blessed for euer One told Cortes the Mexian Conqueror then speaking great words that there is much difference in conquering Neighbours at home and naked Americans I adde that a man may be Christened and yet farre short of Christianitie euen by Iesuites testimonies and that somewhat more is required to a Christian then Christian Names giuen in Baptisme to hundreds at once as some haue done without further instruction Deuotion is rather to be prized by weight and worth then by tale and numbers as happens in their Beades here and too often in their Conuersions there which were they indeed so much to be magnified and gloried in would aswell preuaile in men of capacitie to ouerthrow strong holds and high imaginations as here to worke on our silly women laden with sinnes hoping for their Confession-cure and there with sillinesse it selfe or such as Reason turnes Christians because they will not runne madde with their owne to such Monsters as their Bonzi teach them Themselues confesse that it is not much they can preuaile with Mahumetans any where or here in China and Ours haue found them to say more then they had done in that little I should much rejoyce that their Reports were true and that as an Orator of theirs hath solemnized the Canonization of Loiola their Patriarke and Xauier the Indian Apostle so hee stileth them this Saint Francis had conuerted three hundred thousand Soules of innumerable Nations yea all Heretikes in neere sixteene hundred yeeres had not conuerted so many nay had not peruerted so many not Christians to all their Heresies together as he alone adjoyned to Christ in eleuen yeeres I am glad to heare it and that which hee addeth that all Heretickes whatsoeuer had not infectâ—d so many Languages and peoples as those of which hee had illustrated many with Christian Truth and Pietie Doth this man consider how much of the World hath beene Christian and how much after that Hereticall how many more Nations the Nestorian Heresie hath infected then Xauier saw leauening in manner all Asia from Constantinople where it began vnto Tartaria Cathay or China and the Indies and hath not the Iacobite Heresie preuailed ouer Africa and before that the Arrian ouer all the World which as Saint Hierome saith groned and wondred to see it selfe growne Arrian But these perhaps rather peruerted Christians then any way conuerted Ethnikes Yet the great Nations of the Gothes and Vandales were of Ethnikes made Arrians the great Nations of the Lithuanians Muscouites Russes c. haue not many hundred yeeres since of Ethnikes beene conuerted to the Greeke Church which they hold not Catholike that I mention not the Armenians Georgians and others one of which numbreth many times three hundred thousand And that one Impietie of Mahumet hath more Followers many then all whatsoeuer professions of Christianitie in all Languages Nations Rites whatsoeuer I greeue to tell it and that from peruerse Ethnikes and peruerted Christians And although Luther and Caluin went not out of Germanie and France which he objects yet their sound the Gospell which they preached hath gone ouer all the Earth as these our Relations shew in the Voyages of English Dutch French yea the Apostles themselues and they haue shaken the Towres of Babylon in Europe where they were strongest where Antichrist hath his Throne a Conquest more then Indian or Iaponian and when the Prophesie of Babylons vtter ruine is fulfilled the same word shall conquer I hope both Iewes and Gentiles yea these Iesuites and their Preachings may by Diuine Dispensation become Harbengers to the Gospell hereafter as the Iewish Dispersions in the Translations of the Scripture and profession of the true God were fore-runners of the Apostles preaching Meane-while they find vs worke at home to watch ouer our Flockes lest such grieuous Wolues enter and make vs to leaue the Pharisies glorie of compassing Sea and Land to winne Proselites to these their Heires and Successors in this as in many other things But I will leaue them glorying of their Conuersions grieuing that they are not herein better then their reports I will follow them to these parts of China and here for Chinas sake to Iapon and with that Rule of Cassius Cui bono obserue them in things not gainefull to their Religion approue and applaud their industrie yea accept and thankfully acknowledge their authoritie In their Conuersions to the Faith I suspend my faith in the qualitie if I admit their quantitie For how could one man well instruct so many in so little time except hee could haue giuen the Holy Ghost as the Apostles in their conuersions did Francis Xauier in the yeere 1541. sayled from Lisbon wintred at Mosambique whence hee passed into India after that to Malaca and to Iaponia Et Cunctas oras sayth the former Author quas Oceanus ab Indico mari vsque ad extremos Sinas id est totius Orbis dimidiâ—m circumfluit Euangelica praedicatione illustrauit impleuit Iapon was first discouered and knowne to the Portugals by Mota carryed out of his course to China thither by tempest 1542. Hee dyed Anno 1552. the fiue and fiftieth of his Age of his Indian peregrination the eleuenth in the I le Sancian on the Coast of China This was the Indian Standrad-bearer to all of that Societie beginning his trauell to Lisbon the first yeere of their Confirmation 1540. and now deified or Canonized and inuoked by Doctor Schulchenius Chancellor of Collen his Orator Ignati Francisce vestris succurrite precibus c. A Letter of his written from Iapon in Nouember 1549. thus relateth Wee came by Gods grace in August to Iapon on the Feast day of the Assumption of the Virgin Marie hauing set foorth from Malaca on Midsommer day The Master of the Ship was a Chinese which had vndertaken that office to the Captayne of Malaca and sayled prosperously till
their dead fiue hundred being ouerwhelmed and fifteene or twenty Temples called on their Amida and some ranne to Fuscimo Taicos new Citie for him and his Nobles whereof the best part was ruined and much harme happened in many other places Taicos Palace at Fuscimo fell downe and oppressed seuenty women himselfe escaped into the Kitchin vntouched and the relations of that Earth-quake would yeeld a booke alone Taico yet would seeme to dominere ouer Nature and leuell a very huge Hill with the Valley to erect new Palaces And because hee could not entertayne at Fuscimo the China Embassadours he receiued them at Ozaca The solemne state and pompe I omit They had audience the twentieth of October The Kings Letter was written in a plate of Gold very great and ponderous inclosed in a golden Coffer wherein also was the Vest and royall Crowne for Taico and in another was a Crown for Mandocorasama his Wife with title of Queene Hee sent also twenty Vests of Quingui with title and dignity of China for twenty Lords the first of which was Augustine by him named and as many for those whom Taico should name In the Epistle of the King were these words Futatabi cioscen vocasu cotonacare that is Thou shalt not returne againe into Corai and if thou returnest thy dignitie shall no longer aduantage thee words importing their vassallage to the Chinois The Embassadour and Taico were equall in sitting on the Tatamis the chiefe Lords of Iapon were present and after the taste of their Chia Taico receiued the Epistle or golden plate and layd it on his head and the Vests going in to put them on At his returne the Chinois adored him and a feast followed with pompous plenty which was continued other dayes But when the Legates moued him to pull downe his Forts in Corai and to pardon the Coraians hee brake into exceeding furie and commanded them backe to Corai and extruded them in great haste out of the Countrey with inhumane vsage About this time Peter Martines first Bishop of Iapon came thither Taico died Sept. 16. 1598. hauing taken politike order for the State and as foolish for himselfe to be made a God prescribing the forme of his Temple One was crucified for speaking of his death Word was sent by the Gouernours which Taico had appointed as protectors for his Sonne to the Iaponian Lords in Corai to returne and so after seuen yeeres that warre had end What euents followed after in Iapon you may see in my Pilgrimage and somewhat also before in Captayne Saris and Master Cocks relations Taicosamas posteritie rooted out and Ogasha Sama seizing the Soueraigntie to himselfe So much harder is it to be a Man then a God and easier to bequeaâ—h a Temple and tytle of Camus and diuine worship as to a new Faciman or Mars all which his Exâ—cutors performed and caused to be effected his body not burned after the wont but as he had prescribed put in a Câ—est and translated to that sumptuous Temple where he is worshâ—pped as the principall of all the Cami with an Image erected to him seene by Cap. Saris then to bequeath long life to himselfe accomplishment to his Coraian designes or sure succession to his posteritie in all which hee fayled But we will with our persecuted Iesuites leaue Iapon and ship our selues for China §. III. RVGGERIVS enters againe into China with RICIVS and is forced backe to Amacao thence sent for againe by the Vice-roy Sande and Almeida are sent to them and enter the Countrey as farre as Cequion and returne to Sciauchin IT is a custome in China that of all Charters granted by the Magistrates a copie is kept in the Registrie and the execution or what hath therein beene done subscribed at the end The succeeding Vice-roy finding the copie of that Charter granted to the Iesuites at their departure without such subscription because nothing had beene done therein wrote to Canton to the Aitao he which then was absent to the Ansam or Hiam-xan the Gouernour of the Citie and he being ignorant thereof to the Port-gouernours at Amacao They went to the Bishop and by him were sent to our Colledge where they were shewed the sealed Charter but there being then Melchior Carnerus Patriarch of Ethiopia which expedition was dissolued Capralis Gomez Pasius and other principall Iesuites it was thought fit that it should not be deliuered to the Souldiers but carried by two Iesuites to the Aitao and Ruggerius with Ricius were therein employed the China Captaines also consenting that they should goe to Ansan thence by the Ci-hien or Gouernour to be sent to Canton This Ci-hien when they came thither would haue sent it and not them which they refused whereupon he grew angry cast it on the ground and commanded them to returne backe saying that a deposed Vice-royes grant could no way benefit them They went to their Inne and there consulted to goe without his leaue deceiuing a Ship-master with sight of the said Charter who tooke them into his ship but terrified by others cast them out againe with their goods At this time came a message to the Ci-hien of his Fathers death whereupon according to the China Custome he lost his office and returned home during his three yeereâ— mourning They by this occasion and a weightier cause money giuen to the Successour and the Notaries subtiltie in a seeming seruice to the Common-wealth were sent in manner as prisoners to Canton as strangers found there The Aitao notwithstanding gaue them kinde entertaynment They petitioned shewing that they were Religious men which had passed so many Seas allured by the fame of China there to spend their dayes and desired nothing but a small piece of ground to raise thereon a little house to the Lord of Heauen and they would be further burthensome to none but procure liuelihood of their owne mens beneuolence They mentioned nothing of Christian Religion lest it might cause suspicion and bee a let to them the Chinois thinking too well of themselues that strangers should teach them any thing which they haue not already more complete in their owne Bookes Rebellions haue also begunne vnder colour of new Sects The Aitao or high Admirall commended their desires but said it belonged to higher Magistrates and could onely bee granted by the Ciai-yuen the Visitour of the Prouince or the Vice-roy They desired that hee would at least let them stay there in the Palace of the King of Siams Legates till the Portugals Mart came and in meane time they would trye what they could doe with the Visitour or Vice-roy This hee granted but the same day repeated professing that he feared the Visitor if out of Mart-time he should finde stâ—angers there whose censure is dreadfull to euery Magistrate He therefore commanded them presently to packe for Amacao They were comne backe to Ansan and found things in worse case then before For at the gates of the Citie they found an
the Kings Palace and offered vp their Magistracies if he persisted to breake the Law Lately also when the chiefe of the Colai did not obserue the Law in two moneths space about one hundred Libels were put vp notwithstanding they knew him a great Fauourite and hee dyed within a while after as was thought of griefe There are also besides Magistrates not a few Colledges instituted for diuers purposes but the most eminent is that called Han lin Yuen into which none are chosen but choice Doctors after due Examinations They which liue in that Royall Colledge meddle not with Gouernment yet are of higher dignitie then the Gouernours Their Office is to order the Kings Writing to make Annals of the Kingdome to write Lawes and Statutes Of these are chosen the Masters of the Kings and Princes They wholly addict themselues to their studies and in the Colledge haue their degrees of honours which they attayne by writing Thence they are preferred to great dignities but not out of the Court. Neither is any chosen to bee a Colao but out of this Colledge They gaine much also by Writings for their Friends Epitaphs Inscriptions and the like which all seeke to haue of them their name giuing credit and reputation of Elegance These are the chiefe for Examinations of Licentiates and Doctors who hold them for Masters and send them Presents All these Pequin Magistrates are found also at Nanquin but obscured by the Kings absence Hum vu had fixed his Seat at Nanquin but after his death Yun lo one of his Nephewes who in the Northerne Prouinces defended with an Armie those Borders against the Tartars perceiuing Hum-vâ—â— Sonne but weake thought to depriue him of the Kingdome which hee effected by helpe of the Northerne Prouinces and with force fraud and largesse obtayned his Vncles Throne And because he was strongest in the North parts and most feare was from the Tartars there he there fixed his Residence where the Tartar Kings had wonted to abide and called that Citie Pequin that is the Northerne Court as Nanquin signifieth the Southerne leauing to this the former Offices and Immunities The Gouernment of the other thirteene Prouinces depends on two Magistrates the one Pucinsu the other Naganzasu the former judging Ciuill Causes the later Criminall both residing with great Pompe in the Mother Citie of the Prouince In both Courts are diuers Colleagues and they also chiefe Magistrates called Tauli which gouerning other Cities often reside in them The Prouinces are all distributed into diuers Regions which they call Fu each of which hath a peculiar Gouernour called Cifu These Regions are subdiuided into Ceu and Hien that is the greater or more eminent Townes and those which are more vulgar which are not lesse then our Cities if you except our greatest These haue their speciall Gouernours called Ciceu and Cihien The Gouernours of Cities and Regions haue their foure Assistants and Colleagues as Auditors and Iudges to helpe them As for the opinion of some that thinke those only to bee Cities which are called Fu and Ceu and Hien to bee Townes it is an errour for the City wherein the Gouernour of the Region resides is also called Hien and hath its peculiar Gouernour called Cihien and Assistants and the Cifu hath no more power there then in other places of his Iurisdiction which is the first Appeale to him as Superiour from the Cihien or Ciceu The second Appeale is to the Pucimfu and Naganzosu and their Colleagues in the Metropolitane Cities which Cities likewise haue their Cihien and Cifu aswell as the Subordinate all in incredible Symmetrie And because the whole Prouinciall Gouernment hath reference to Pequin therefore in euery Prouince besides these are other two superiour to them sent from the Royall Citie the one fixing his Residence in the Prouince called Tutam which may bee compared to our Vice-roy hauing command ouer other Magistrates and in Martiall affaires the other is yeerely sent from the Court and is called Cia-yuen as a Commissioner or Visitor which reuiewes all the Causes of the Prouince the Cities also and Castles inquireth of the Magistrates and punisheth some of the meaner sort acquainting the King touching the rest how euery one demeaneth himselfe and he onely executeth Capitall punishments Besides these are many others in Cities Townes and Villages and beside them many which haue command of Souldiers especially in the Confines and on the Coasts in supinest Peace watching and warding in Ports Walls Bridges Castles as in the hottest Warres with Musters and Martiall exercises All the Magistrates of the Kingdome are reduced to nine Orders whether you respect the Philosophicall or Militarie Senate to all which out of the Treasury is proportionably distributed monethly pay Money or Rice yet little answerable to that their Magnificence the highest Order not hauing one thousand Duckets yeerely and equall to all of the same ranke the supreame in matters of Warre hauing as much as the supreame in the literate Order if you looke to that which the Law alloweth But much more accrueth extraordinarie then this fee or stipend besides what any mans industrie couetise fortune bribing addeth by which they oft attayne to great wealth All the Magistrates vse the same Caps both Mercuriall and Martiall of blacke Cloath with two Eares or wings of Ouall figure which may easily fall off which being a disgrace causeth the more modestie and steadinesse in carriage of their heads They all weare like Vest and like blacke leather Bootes of peculiar fashion also a Girdle wider then the body about foure fingers broad adorned with circular and square Figures On the breast and backe they weare two square Cloathes Embroidered in which and the Girdles is great varietie according to their diuers Degrees by which the skilfull know their ranke and place The cloathes intimate it by the figures of Flowers Fowles Beasts the girdles by the matter of Wood Horne Sweet wood Gold or Siluer and the best of all of that Iasper before mentioned called Tu ce brought from Cascar Their shadowes or Sumbreros by their Colours and numbers intimate like difference They haue other Ornaments Banners Chaynes Censors Guards with Cryes to make way that in most frequent streetes no man appeareth more or lesse according to the Magistrates Dignitie The Chinois hauing plentie of all things care not for subduing the neighbour-Nations better keeping their owne lesse caring for others Countries then our Europeans their Chronicles of foure thousand yeeres not mentioning any care of enlarging their Empire And if any China impressions or foot-prints bee it is from men voluntarily going to other Countries not from the Kings ambition sending them It is also remarkeable that Philosopers beare all the sway the Souldiers and Captaynes being subject to them and sometimes beaten of them as Schoole-boyes by their Master euen in Militarie matters the King more vsing the aduise of Philosohpers then Captaynes whereupon
Saracens and Iewes doe there feed on The Saracens called the Christians also Isai as before and Terzai which is a name giuen in Persia to the Armenian Christians as an Armenian affirmed to Ricius whence hee coniectured that these Christians came out of Armenia And by the report of Haiton the Armenian which sayth their King came to the Great Can of Cathay which wee haue before obserued at least the best parts thereof to be the North parts of China to perswade him and his to become Christians which in great part also hee affected besides other Christians there reported to bee by Paulus and those of Sarnau subiect to the Great Can mentioned by Vertomannus which seeme to be neere these in China The Malabar Christians haue Chaldee memorials of China conuerted by Saint Thomas and their Metropolitan hath his style of all India and China A certaine Iew at Pequin hearing of the Iesuites there came to them to see and conferre with them imagining them to be Iewes This Iew was borne at Chaifamfu the Mother-citie of the Prouince Honan his name was Ngai his countenance not resembling the Chinois hee neglecting Iudaisme had addicted himselfe to the China studies and now came to Pequin to the examination in hope of proceeding Doctor There did hee enter the Iesuites House professing that he was of their Law and Religion Ricci leads him into the Chappell where on the Altar stood the Image of the Virgin Iesus and Iohn Baptist kneeling which he taking to be the Images of Rebecca and her Twins did worship vnto them contrary he said to their custome The Images of the Euangelists he supposed to be so many of Iacobs sonnes But vpon further questioning the Iesuite perceiued that he was a professor of the Law of Moses he confessed himselfe an Israelite and knew not the name of Iew so that it seemed the dispersion of the ten Tribes had pierced thus farre Seeing the Hebrew Bible hee knew the Letters but could not reade them He told them that in Chaifamfu were ten or twelue Families of Israelites and a faire Synagogue which had lately cost them ten thousand Crownes therein the Pentateuch in Rolls which had bin with great veneration preserued fiue or six hundred yeers In Hamcheu the chiefe Citie of Chequian hee affirmed were many more Families with their Synagogue many also in other places but without Synagogues and by degrees wearing out his pronunciation of Hebrew names differed from ours as Herusoloim Moscia for Messia Ierusalem His Brother hee said was skilfull in the Hebrew which he in affection to the China preferment had neglected and therefore was hardly censured by the Ruler of the Synagogue 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THE 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 MAP 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 OF 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 CHI 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 NA 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 As for the Christian Religion thither carried by the Iesuites you haue heard the whole substance of their owne large Histories I meane not of Miracles and other like stuffe and stuffings but the meanes of conuaying the Gospel to the Chinois which are merchandise money gifts Mathematiks Memoratiue-art Morality which to China Couetousnes and Curiosity with their conforming to Confutius Ethikes and China Literature Habite Names and officious Rites were good Orators and made way with much adoe to that little which is done a mutuall exchange in many things of Romish for Chinois Beades Shauing Vests Songs Mumsimus Tapers Censers Images Legends Monkes Nunnes Processions Pilgrimages Monasteries Altars hee and shee Saints and other things innumerable pertayning rather to bodily exercise which profiteth little then to Godlinesse or God-likenesse who being a Spirit requireth men to worship him in spirit and truth and by foolishnesse of preaching saueth them that beleeue not by wisedome of words in elegant writings and those more of Arts then Christianity The great Doctor of the Gentiles tooke another course not with excellency of words sayth he or wisedome yea hee esteemed to know nothing among the learned Corinthians but Iesus Christ and him crucified neither stood his word in the entising speech of mans wisedome but in playne euidence of the Spirit not the wisedome of the World but the wisedome of God in a mysterie c. Which I speake not as denying the seruice of Arts to Diuinity but of Diuinity in manner to Arts where the profession is not as of a Tent-maker to liue that he may preach but as of an European Philosopher where Hagar domineereth and Sara at some times whispers a little and except in Images and Shewes scarcely shewes her selfe as more fully appeareth in the fore-going History But would God any Arts or any Preachers may occasion the opening of their eyes which were wont to bragge of two eyes and say Europeans had but one when as they haue but this one naturall eye and in spirituall things are blinde and would God the Chinois might as generally acknowledge themselues thankfull to Iesuiticall labours in professing the Gospell as I doe here my selfe for this Historicall light of China §. VII The Map of China taken out of a China Map printed with China Characters illustrated with Notes for the vnderstanding thereof THe originall Map whence this present was taken and contracted was by Captaine Saris whose industrie and acts haue both heere and elsewhere enriched this worke gotten at Bantam of a Chinese in taking a distresse for debts owing to the English Merchants who seeing him carefull to conuay away a Boxe was the more carefull to apprehend it and therein found this Map which another Chinese lodged at his house lately come from China had brought with him The greatnesse of the danger at home if knowne made him earnestly begge for that which was on the other side as earnestly desired and kept Master Hakluyt procured it of the Captaine professing his intent to giue it to Prince Henry of glorious memory who being suddenly aduanced to a higher view in Heauen and Master Hakluyt following this Map came to my hand who sought to expresse my loue to the publike in communicating what I could thereof For it being in China Characters which I thinke none in England if any in Europe vnderstands I could not wholly giue it when I giue it no man being able to receiue what he can no way conceiue And as in greatest things our little vnderstandings easier apprehend negations then affirmations and can better tell what they are not then what they are so this Map easily tells at first euen without Commentaries the comments and conceits of our Geogâ—â—phers Ortelius Mercator Hondius and whatsoeuer other our Authors of Maps and Globes who all haue heerein fayled giuing nothing lesse then China in their China whether wee regard the generall figure and shape thereof or the particular Riuers Hills Prouinces Wall Latitude and if wee beleeue the Iesuites Longitude also They
the Tartar Souldiers whom they hire sometimes but onely for the present on the other side against the Polonian and Sweaden thinking it best policy so to vse their seruice vpon the contrary border The chiefe Captaines or Leaders of these forces according to their names and degrees are these which follow First the Voyauodey Bulshaia that is the Great Captaine or Lieutenant generall vnder the Emperour This commonly is one of the foure houses of the chiefe Nobilitie of the Land but so chosen otherwise as that he is of small valour or practice in Martiall matters being thought to serue that turne so much the better if he bring no other parts with him saue the countenance of his Nobilitie to bee liked of by the Souldiers for that and nothing else For in this point they are very warie that these two to wit Nobilitie and Power meet not both in one specially if they see wisedome withall or aptnesse for policie Their great Voiauod or Generall at this present in their warres is commonly one of these foure Knez Feoder Iuanowich Methisloskey Knez Iuan Michailowich Glinskoy Cherechaskoy and Trowbetskoy all of great Nobilitie but of very simple qualitie otherwise though in Glinskoy as they say there is somewhat more then in the rest To make vp this defect in the Voiauod or Generall there is some other ioyned with him as Lieutenant generall of farre lesse Nobilitie but of more valour and experience in the warres then he who ordereth all things that the other countenanceth At this time their principall man and most vsed in their warres is one Knez Demetrie Iuanowich Forestine an antient and expert Captaine and one that hath done great seruice as they say against the Tartar and Polonian Next vnder the Voiauod and his Lieutenant generall are foure other that haue the marshalling of the whole Armie diuided among them and may be called the Marshals of the field Euery man hath his quarter or fourth part vnder him whereof the first is called the Praua Polskoy or Right wing The second is the Lenoy Polskoy or Left wing The third is Rusnoy Polskoy or The broken band because out of this there are chosen to send abroad vpon any sudden exploit or to make a rescue or supply as occasion doth require The fourth Storeshouoy Polskoy or The warding band Euery one of these foure Marshals haue two other vnder them eight in all that twice euery weeke at the least must muster and traine their seuerall wings or bands and hold and giue iustice for all faults and disorders committed in the Campe. And these eight are commonly chosen out of the hundred and ten which I spake of before that receiue and deliuer the pay to the Souldiers Vnder these eight are diuers other Captaines as the Gul auoy Captaines of thousands fiue hundreds and hundreds The Petyde Setskoy or Captaines of fifties and the Decetskies or Captaines of tennes Besides the Voiauoda or Generall of the Armie spoken of before they haue two other that beare the name of Voiauoda whereof one is the Master of the great Ordnance called Naradna Voiauoda who hath diuers Vnder-officers necessary for that seruice The other is called the Voiauoda Gulauoy or the Walking Captayne that hath allowed him 1000. good Horsemen of principall choice to range and spye abroad and hath the charge of the running Castle which we are to speake of in the Chapter following All these Captaynes and men of charge must once euery day resort to the Bulsha Voiauoda or Generall of the Armie to know his pleasure and to informe him if there be any requisite matter pertayning to their Office WHen Wars are towards which they faile not of lightly euery yeere with the Tartar and many times with the Polonian and Sweden the foure Lords of the Chetfirds send forth their Summons in the Emperours name to all the Dukes and Dyacks of the Prouinces to be proclaymed in the head Townes of euery Shire that all the Sinaboiarskey or Sonnes of Gentlemen make their repayre to such a border where the Seruice is to be done at such a place and by such a day and there present themselues to such and such Captaynes When they come to the place assigned them in the Summons or Proclamation their names are taken by certayne Officers that haue Commission for that purpose from the Roserade or High Constable as Clerkes of the Bands If any make default and faile at the day he is mulcted and punished very seuerely As for the Generall and other chiefe Captaines they are sent thither from the Emperours owne hand with such Commission and charge as he thinketh behoofefull for the present seruice When the Souldiers are assembled they are reduced into their Bands and Companies vnder their seuerall Captaynes of tens fifties hundreds thousands c. and these Bands into foure Polikeis or Legions but of farre greater numbers then the Romane Legions were vnder their foure great Leaders which also haue the authoritie of Marshals of the field as was said before Concerning their Armour they are but slightly appointed The common Horse-man hath nothing else but his Bow in his Case vnder his right arme and his Quiuer and Sword hanging on the left side except some few that beare a Case of Dagges or a Iaueling or short Staffe along their Horse side The vnder Captaynes will haue commonly some piece of Armour besides as a shirt of Male or such like The Generall with the other chiefe Captaynes and men of Nobility will haue their Horse very richly furnished their Saddles of Cloth of Gold their Bridles faire bossed and tasselled with Gold and Silke frindge bestudded with Pearle and Precious Stones themselues in very faire Armour which they call Bullatnoy made of faire shining Steele yet couered commonly with Cloth of Gold and edged round about with Armine Furre his Steele Helmet on his head of a very great price his Sword Bow and Arrowes at his side his Speare in his hand with another Helmet and his Shesta pera or Horse-mans Scepter carried before him Their Swords Bowes and Arrowes are of the Turkish fashion They practise like the Tartar to shoot forwards and backwards as they flye and retyre The Strelsey or Footman hath nothing but his Peece in his hand his striking Hatchet at his backe and his Sword by his side The stocke of his Peece is not made Caleeuer wise but with a plaine and strait stocke some-what like a Fowling-peece the Barrell is rudely and vnartificially made very heauie yet shooteth but a very small Bullet As for their prouision of victuall the Emperour alloweth none either for Captayne or Souldier neyther prouideth any for them except peraduenture some Corne for their Money Euery man is to bring sufficient for himselfe to serue his turne for foure moneths and if need require to giue order for more to bee brought vnto him to the Campe from his Tenant that tilleth his
subtilly to draw me to take vpon me to search for those things which himselfe had stolne and accused me of a matter no lesse then Treason amongst vs that I had deceiued the company of thirtie Cakes of bread Now they began to talke amongst themselues that England was no safe place for them and Henry Greene swore the shippe should not come into any place but keepe the Sea still till he had the Kings Majesties hand and Seale to shew for his safetie They had many deuices in their heads but Henry Greene in the end was their Captaine and so called of them From these Ilands we stood to the North-east and the Easter Land still in sight wee raysed those Ilands that our Master called Rumnies Ilands Betweene these Ilands and the shallow ground to the East of them our Master went downe into the first great Bay We kept the East shoare still in our sight and comming thwart of the low Land wee ranne on a Rocke that lay vnder water and strooke but once for if shee had we might haue beene made Inhabitans of that place but God sent vs soone off without any harme that wee saw Wee continued our course and raysed Land a head of vs which stretched out to the North which when they saw they said plainly that Robert Billet by his Northerly course had left the Capes to the South and that they were best to seeke downe to the South in time for releife before all was gone for we had small store left But Robert Billet would follow the Land to the North saying that he hoped in God to find somewhat to releeue vs that way as soone as to the South I told them that this Land was the Mayne of Worsenhome Cape and that the shallow rockie ground was the same that the Master went downe by when he went into the great Bay Robert Iuet and all said it was not possible vnlesse the Master had brought the ship ouer Land and willed them to looke into the Masters Card and their course how well they did agree We stood to the East and left the mayne Land to the North by many small Ilands into a narrow gut betweene two Lands and there came to an Anchor The Boat went ashoare on the North side where wee found the great Horne but nothing else The next day wee went to the South side but found nothing there saue Cockle grasse of which we gathered This grasse was a great releefe vnto vs for without it we should hardly haue got to the Capes for want of victuall The wind seruing we stood out but before we could get cleane out the wind came to the West so that we were constrayned to anchor on the North side The next day wee weighed and doubled the point of the North Land which is high Land and so continueth to the Capes lying North and South some fiue and twentie or thirtie leagues To the North we stood to see store of those Fowles that breed in the Capes and to kill some with our shot and to fetch them with our Boat We raised the Capes with joy and bare for them and came to the Ilands that lie in the mouth of the streight but bearing in betweene the Rockie Iles we ranne on a Rocke that lay vnder water and there stucke fast eight or nine houres It was ebbing water when we thus came on so the floud set vs afloat God guiding both wind and Sea that it was calme and faire weather the ebbe came from the East and the floud from the West When wee were afloat wee stood more neere to the East shoare and there anchored The next day being the seuen and twentieth of Iuly we sent the Boat to fetch some Fowle and the ship should way and stand as neere as they could for the wind was against vs. They had a great way to row and by that meanes they could not reach to the place where the Fowle bred but found good store of Gulls yet hard to come by on the Rocks and Cliffes but with their Peeces they killed some thirtie and towards night returned Now we had brought our ship more neere to the mouth of the Streights and there came to an anchor in eighteen or twentie fathom water vpon a Râ—ffe or shelfe of ground which after they had weighed their Anchor and stood more neere to the place where the Fowle bred they could not find it againe nor no place like it but were faine to turne to and fro in the mouth of the Streight and to be in danger of Rockes because they could not find ground to let fall an Anchor in the water was so deepe The eight and twentieth day the Boat went to Digges his Cape for Fowle and made directly for the place where the Fowle bred and being neere they saw seuen Boates come about the Easterne point towards them When the Sauages saw our Boate they drew themselues together and drew their lesser Boats into their bigger and when they had done they came rowing to our Boat and made signes to the West but they made readie for all assayes The Sauages came to them and by signes grew familiar one with another so as our men tooke one of theirs into our Boate and they tooke one of ours into their Boate. Then they carried our man to a Coue where their Tents stood toward the West of the place where the Fowle bred so they carried him into their Tents where he remayned till our men returned with theirs Our Boat went to the place where the Fowle bred and were desirous to know how the Sauages killed their Fowle he shewed them the manner how which was thus They take a long Pole with a snare at the end which they put about the Fowles necke and so plucke them downe When our men knew that they had a better way of their owne they shewed him the vse of our Peeces which at one shot would kill seuen or eight To be short our Boat returned to their Coue for our man and to deliuer theirs When they came they made great joy with dancing and leaping and stroking of their brests they offered diuers things to our men but they only tooke some Morses Teeth which they gaue them for a Knife and two glasse buttons and so receiuing our man they came aboard much rejoycing at this chance as if they had met with the most simple and kind people of the World And Henry Greene more then the rest was so confident that by no meanes we should take care to stand vpon our Guard God blinding him so that where hee made reckoning to receiue great matters from these people he receiued more then he looked for and that suddenly by being made a good example for all men that make no conscience of doing euill and that we take heed of the Sauage people how simple soeuer they seeme to be The next day the nine and twentieth of Iuly they made haste to
and blew a very stiffe gale Then we stood in for the shoare and spent most of this day in turning vp Horne-Sound And about a North North-west Sunne at ten a clock wee espied six ships lying at anchor on the South side of the Sound in a small Bay The one of them was Captaine Fopp the Dunkerker who came in before vs and was appointed by our Generall to come into this harbour and there to stay for vs and to goe to the Foreland to haue his other ship which we kept there Foure of them were Biscaines of Saint Sebastian and one of them was in the harbour where we road and found the French ship The sixt was a ship of Amsterdam wherein Thomas Bonner was Master and Pilot and aboue twentie English men more All the Biscaines came aboord of vs as soone as we were at an anchor but Thomas Bonner refused to come being sent for by our Generall Our Generall commanded our Gunner to shoot at him he himselfe discharging the second Ordnance Then presently he began to set saile and cut his cable thinking to get from vs but wee hauing shot him through three or foure times they began to weaue vs so we sent our shallop and he came aboord There were fiue or sixe more of the English men fetched aboord and some of our men sent to bring her to an anchor where shee might ride safe for shee was almost run ashoare This was about a North sunne or eleuen a clocke The Biscaines were charged presently to depart so soone as they had filled fresh water which they said they wanted and to bring what Whale finnes they had found or had taken or other things The fourteenth day faire weather the winde at East North-east This morning one of the Biscaines brought a few Whale finnes aboord of vs and the skin of a Beare which they had killed Then was our Boate-swaine sent aboord of them to search their ships and to bid them depart Our Generall kept the Holland ship wherein was Thomas Bonner to the vse of the Companie This day I obserued the latitude of this place by a Quadrant of foure foote Semidiameter and found it to stand in 75. degrees 55. minutes the Declination of the Needle vnder the Horizon is 67. degrees 30. minutes pointing to the Northwards but pointing to the Southwards it is 80. degrees The variation of the Compasse is 12. degrees 14. minutes west from the true Meridian but from our common sayling Compasse it is 17. degrees because the Compasse is touched fiue degrees and a halfe to the Eastward and the variation is to the Westward This day in the afternoone the foure ships of Biscay departed from this Harbour which is called Horne-Sound and about a North sunne I with the Master Thomas Sherin went ashoare with other to set vp another Crosse with the Kings Maiesties Armes cast in Lead nayled vpon it Then I obserued the Sunne vpon his North Meridian by my foresaid Quadrant and found it eleuated aboue the Horizon 10. degrees and thirtie minutes but because his heigth at the South Meridian and his heigth at the North did not agree in finding of the Latitude I did abate fiue minutes from each as the meane betwixt both for his altitude at the South Meridian was 36. degrees 40. minutes the declination 23. degrees and 29. minutes The fifteenth day faire weather the winde in the morning South but almost calme This day about noone we weighed anchor with the ship of Amsterdam and diuers of her men were fetched aboord vs with their Shipper and some of our men were sent aboord her with one of our Masters Mates called Master Spencer All this day it was so calme that wee were faine to towe our ship Our Carpenter did trim vp two of the Biscaine Shallops which they did leaue behinde them and they did leaue diuers Hoopes and Caske staued ashoare The eighteenth day faire weather the winde variable we stearing away Northward This afternoone wee met with another ship of Biscay being a ship of two or three hundred Tunnes Our Generall as he did to the rest caused her Master and Pilot to come aboord vs to whom he shewed his Commission charging them to depart this Countrey They seeing no remedie were content so soone as they had filled fresh water Wee met with them off the Southward part of the Iland Our Generall being so neere Greene Harbour where the Gamaliel and the Desire road wee went into the Sound to see them with this great ship of Biscay and the ship of Amsterdam We found that the entrance of Greene Harbour was quite stopped with Ice and ran our ship into it thinking to get through but wee could not Then wee got her out againe and came to the Bay where wee roade on the other side of the Sound in Pooppy Bay or Niches Coue. The nineteenth day faire weather the winde Northward This day about twelue of the clock we came to an anchor in the foresaid Bay This afternoone there came another ship of Saint Sebastian into the Bay where wee roade and about seuen of the clocke the Captaine came aboord of vs who told vs that he had lost six of his men and a shallop vpon the coast of Groineland vpon an Iland in the latitude of 72. degrees or thereabouts This was the Master which had beene here the last yeere and made a great voyage Master Woodcocke being their Pilot. His making so great a voyage was the cause that so many ships were here this yeere The twentieth in the morning we had newes that the Iohn and Francis was come about two dayes agoe and that they had killed one and twentie Whales at the Foreland and had also killed two at Greene harbour This day it was very close weather with some snowe the winde North-west This afternoone the Captaines of the two Biscay ships were commanded to depart this Coast. The one and twentieth wee perceiued another ship standing toward vs. Wee lessâ—ned our sailes and stayed for her to see what shee was At length we perceiued her to bee another Biscaine About a North sâ—nne we came to an anchor in Greene harbour by the Gamaliel and the Desire and the ship of Burdeaux and the Biscaine followed vs. So soone as they were come to an anchor their Captaine came aboord of vs to whom our Generall shewed his Commission as he had done to the rest charging him to depart those Coasts and told him that hee would take away some of their shallops They earnestly intreated him not to take them away and they would depart the Captaine offering his bond to our Generall that if he stayed either in Greenland Groineland or Cherie Iland he would willingly forfait all he was worth There was another Whale killed in Greene-harbour in the killing whereof there was a man slaine and a Boate ouerwhelmed by too much haste of following him after the harping Iron was in him The three and twentieth day
South-west and sometimes West South-west till I had runne one hundred and thirtie leagues and was by account in latitude 72. degrees 30. minutes where hauing the wind contrarie to proceed further Westward I stood Eastward till I had runne thirtie leagues in which course I should haue seene this Land if credit might be giuen to Hudsons Iournall but I saw not any And hauing a hard gale of winde still Northerly I conceiued no course so good to be taken at this time as to sâ—eed homewards and so stood to the Southwards directing my course for England this beeing the eight and twentieth of August After which time the wind continued Northerly till the sixt day of September and then wee were on the coast of Scotland in latitude 57. degrees and on the eight day of September had sight of the land of England on the coast of Yorkeshire Thus by the great mercy of God haue we escaped many dangers and after a cold Summer haue some taste of a warme Autumne All glorie therefore be to God the Father the Sonne and the Holy Ghost Amen By this briefe Relation and by the plat wherein I haue traced the ships way vpon each seuerall trauerse it may plainly appeare how farre the state of this Sea is discouered betwixt 80. and 71. degrees of latitude making difference of longitude 26. degrees from the Meridian of Hackluyts Headland Now if any demand my opinion concerning hope of a passage to bee found in those Seas I answer that it is true that I both hoped and much desired to haue passed further then I did but was hindred with Ice wherein although I haue not attayned my desire yet forasmuch as it appeares not yet to the contrarie but that there is a spacious Sea betwixt Groinland and King Iames his New-land although much pestered with Ice I will not seeme to disswade this worshipfull Companie from the yeerly aduenturing of 150. or 200. pounds at the most till some further discouerie be made of the said Seas and Lands adjacent for which purpose no other Vessell would I aduise vnto then this Pinnasse with ten men which I hold to bee most conuenient for that action although heretofore I conceiued otherwise but now I speake after good experience hauing sayled in her out and in aboue two thousand leagues RO. FOTHERBY A Letter of ROBERT FOTHERBY to Captaine EDGE written in Crosse-rode Iuly 15. 1615. MAster Edge By the mercy of God I came into Crosse-road on Thursday last being driuen from Sea neere shoare by extreme tempest At the beginning of the storme I was vnwittingly eâ—bayed with Ice aboue fortie leagues from land in latitude 78. degrees and 30. minutes but thankes be to God I got cleare of it yet not without much trouble and great danger Hauing plyed vnder two coarses to and againe so long till my Pinnasse was made leake with bearing I tryed it vnder a mayne coarse and stem'd South-east and South-east and by South notwithstanding I was hurried to the Northward and fell right with the Foreland which by reason of the misty storme we could not set till we were within a league of it then I stood ouer the Bay and came to an anchor here where I must be forced to stay till our sailes be mended and a new mayne coarse be made if not a fore coarse also Then I purpose to goe to Sea againe and to proceed in coasting the Ice to the Westward if it hinder me to proceed Northward I haue already coasted it from Hackluyts Headland to the latitude aforesaid and intend to beginne againe so neare as I can at the place where I was put off with the storme I came from Faire Hauen the fourth of Iuly and then had there beene killed twelue Whales besides one found dead and another brought in by Fra. Birkes which he found at Sea before he came into Faire Hauen When I came in hither here were three Ships and a Pinnasse of the King of Denmarks they rid in deepe water about a league and a halfe from the Road but weighed from thence and the Admirall came to an anchor close by me and sent to intreat me to come aboord of him I went aboord and was courteously entertayned by the Generall who questioned me of the Country and asked me by what right the English Merchants did resort and fish in this place I told him by the King of Englands right who had granted a Patent to the Muscouie Company of Merchants whereby he authorizeth them and forbiddeth all others to frequent these places Then he entreated me to goe with him to Sir Tho. Smiths Bay to the two Englâ—sh ships there I told him it would be losse of time to me because I had some businesse here to doe and then to goe forth presently to Sea againe to prosecute my Discouery He said that he would haue me goe with him to be witnesse what passed betwixt him and you for he had matters of importance to acquaint you withall which concerned our King and theirs and therefore intreated me to giue direction presently to weigh and set saile for I must needs goe with him I replyed againe that it would be a great losse vnto me of time and I knew not how to answer it but he told me peremptorily that I must goe with him So seeing no remedie I bad the Master be readie then he presently weighed and kept me aboord him but afterwards meeting with the two Captaines that came from you he returned and anchored againe in Crosse-road I receiued very courteous entertaynment of the Admirall Vice-admirall and of Captaine Killingham but Captaine Killingham being aboord of me went away as he seemed discontented because I would not giue him a young Morse I haue aboord which I denyed to doe because I writ to my Master from Faire Hauen that such a thing I haue and will bring aliue into England if I may When he went off aboord of me he said he would shoot downe my flag And soone after there came a shot which flue ouer vs out of the Admirall and I expected another but soone after there came a man aboord of me out of the Admirall to see if any of your men that came in the Shallop would goe with them into the Bay and he swore vnto me that the shot was made to call their Boat aboord because they were ready to weigh As farre as I can perceiue their purpose is to see what Grant the King of England hath made vnto the Companie for they seeme to pretend that the right of this Land belongs to the King of Denmarke and neither to English nor Hollanders Thus with my heartie commendations to your selfe and Master Bredcake together with my praiers for your prosperous voyage I commit you to God CHAP. VIII Diuers other Voyages to Greenland with Letters of those which were there employed communicated to mee by Master WILLIAM HELEY An. 1616. Edges Iland was discouered and a prosperous voyage was made all the
you will haue sufficient for your selues and to helpe your neighbours the which I desire may be Other newes I haue none to write you So desiring God to blesse you in your proceedings in this your Voyage I take my leaue Resting Your louing friend to command ROBERT SALMON Iun. Nine Ships were imployed Anno 1622. of which one for Discouerie Their disastrous successe you may reade before page 469. The last Fleete Anno 1623. was set forth by the former Aduenturers vnder the command of Captaine William Goodlard William Heley being Vice-admirall Of the successe thereof you may read the Letters following Laus Deo in Faire-Hauen the foure and twentieth of Iune 1623. MAster Heley your health wished as also a happy accomplishment of your pretended Voyage desired I had written you according to order of all matters happening since our arriuall had not contrarie windes and weather premented and therefore haue taken the first opportunitie offering as present Wee arriued at our harbour with both our Ships in safetie vpon the third of this present blessed be God finding the yeare past to haue beene a verie hard season in regard of the great quantitie of Snow and lee but yet not very offensiue to vs in respect of our good harbour Touching our proceeding vpon our Voyage by the eight of this present we had killed thirteene Whales and then were all our Shallops constrained in by reason of foule weather till the fifteenth dicto and vpon the fifteenth we killed two more which being all boyled but the heads and then estimated will hardly make past eightie Tunnes which is a very small quantitie The weather continued bad till the twentie two dicto and vpon the three and twentieth we killed three more which by probabilitie will make neere fortie Tunnes And thus wee doubt not but by degrees we shall accomplish our Voyage by the grace of God As touching our order for the Flemmings wee went as yesterday aboord them supposing that wee should haue found the Danes there but they are not as yet arriued but wee found there fiue sailes of Flemmings the Admirall fiue hundred Tunnes the Vice-admirall of the same burthen the other three were two hundred each Ship hauing also fiftie or sixtie persons amongst them hauing foure and twentie Shallops belonging to their fiue Ships and are building Houses and Tabernacles to inhabit for they make new and substantially also they told vs they expected one or two Ships more euerie day after same time we had conference concerning the order giuen vs with the Generall Cornelius Ice and declared vnto him that the time granted them to fish vpon King Iames his New Land was expired and thereupon his Maiestie hath granted to our Principals a Commission vnder the broad Seale of England for the depressing of any Interloper or Flemming whatsoeuer that we shall meete withall vpon this Coast yet notwithstanding it pleased our Principals to appoint vs to goe aboord them and in a louing manner to informe them hereof which if you will condescend vnto the desist fishing you shall manifest your selues friends to our Principals if otherwise you shall cause them to compell by force who had rather perswade by loue Vnto which he answered that he heard of no such matter in Holland for if there were it should be certified by writing to which we answered that Sir Nowel Carroon their Agent was not ignorant of it who should giue information and saith he I haue a Commission from the Prince of Orange for the making of my Voyage vpon this Coast which was procured by my Merchants for my defence and this is that could be gotten by words from him Also at our first arriuall there rode two Biskie shippes with the Flemmings but within a day or two they waied and stood for the Southward but inquired of the Flemmings what port they were bound for they answered for the North Cape but Master Mason is perswaded they are at Greene-harbour to which purpose I wrote to Master Catcher that he giues order to his shallop that goes to Bel-sound to stand in for the harbour to giue the Captaine true information And so for present I rest intreating you to remember me to Master Salmon and Master Iohn Hadland and thus contracting my sailes lest the winde of my words carrie me into the Ocean of discourse here I anchor resting Your friend NATHANIEL FANNE Master CATCHERS Letter the nine and twentieth of Iune 1623. BRother Heley with my best loue I salute you wishing your health with a prosperous Voyage c. Since our departure we haue had much foule weather and troubled with Ice before we could get into harbour and after we came into harbour we neuer let fall anchor by reason of the Ice till the sixteenth of this month in which time we killed sixe Whales at the Fore-land which made but eighteene Tuns and a halfe and since we haue killed sixe Whales more which I hope will make in all vpwards of eightie Tunnes We haue fit nine Shallops verie well and I thanke God not one of our Men faileth saue one that was shot accidentally with a Musket I hope some of the Shutberne harbours will supply our wants if there be any which I feare there will our harbour manie say still is vnpossible to make a Voyage by reason that the Flemmings shed bloud there which I pray God to take that plague from vs. For Faire-hauen A doubt not but that you shall heare by the Letters sent you of the proceedings but Master Sherwin writ that there is fiue Flemmings of fiue hundred Tunnes a peece there was also two Biscainers which the English nor Flemmings would suffer to fish therefore they departed and said they would goe for the North Cape but I thinke they are in Greene-harbour or gone to the Eastward which if they be in Greene-harbour our Shallop going to Bel-sound shall touch there to see and so certifie the Captaine and know his will what he would haue done in it I hold it not fit that they should harbour there There are no Danes in the Countrie as yet c. Captaine WILLIAM GOODLARD'S Letter Bell-sound this eight of Iuly 1623. LOuing friend Master Heley I kindely salute you wishing health to you with the rest of your companie praising the Lord for your good successe in your fishing To certifie you of our proceedings wee haue killed here in Bel-sound three and thirtie Whales and lost manie more by Irons broken yet I hope sufficient to fill our ships we haue boiled a hundred and eightie Tunnes of which a hundred and sixtie aboord our Ship and make account sixtie tunnes more will fill our hould Our Whales here proue verie watrish and leane which maketh bad Oyle and hindereth vs much in boyling This present day our shallop came from the Fore-land at which time they had killed fifteene Whales verie small and are verie doubtfull of a Voyage there if God sendeth fish into this harbour I will not spare till I haue
exposed to scorne and manifold miseries hee dyed in a forraine countrie But before that Tragedie the Poles are said to haue more then acted others For when they held him prisoner before his departure from Moscouia they sent for many Grandes in Suiskeys name as if he had much desired to see them before his fatall farewell to take a friendly and honourable leaue of them They come are entertayned and in a priuate place knocked on the head and throwne into the Riuer and thus was most of the chiefe remayning Nobilitie destroyed The Poles fortified two of the Forts at Mosco and burnt two others as not able to man them But the Muscouite also there held them besieged till famine forced them to yeeld the Russians finding there sixtie barrels of pouldred mans flesh it seemeth of such as had dyed or were slaine that their death might giue life to the Suruiuers a iust but miserable and tragicall spectacle We shall conclude this Discourse with giuing you two Letters the one taken out of a Letter written from Colmogro Sept. 7. the yeere is not dated amidst these broiles the other from Captaine Margaret before mentioned by Thuanus and after them for further illustration and profitable vse of this storie is added part of a Letter of Doctor Halls ON Thursday morning came George Brighouse from Mosco he hath beene three weekes on the way but by reason of his small staying here I can learne but small occurrents which is still Mosco holdeth out of late some of the Nobilitie issued out and gaue the Enemie a small skirmish slue neere foure thousand of them tooke prisoners one hundred and seuentie whereof eleuen Polish Gentlemen gallant men are almost starued in prison Sandomirsky is entred the borders with a new supply of Souldiers the which Demetrie his sonne in Law hath long since expected The Crim Tartar is returned from thence into his owne Country hath taken more then twentie thousand prisoners captiues out of Resan and thereabouts Knez Scopin is two nineties from Yeraslaue he meanes to march from thence to Mosco but by Georges speeches he makes no great haste Bouginsky that was Secretarie to Demetrie is still vnder prestaue with an Officer was almost starued with hunger but Master Brewster doth daily releeue him to his great comfort George Brighouse came Poste by Volodemer the Princesse wife to Euan Euanowich that was eldest sonne to the old Emperour shee to whom you gaue the good intertainment to is there at his going vp and comming backe made very much of him he dined in her Presence after dinner sent him a great Present of many dishes and drinkes for your sake and often remembred you and your great kindnesse to her and hers still remembring T. La. and kept him so a long time in her owne Cell There is a great conspiracy still in the Mosco against the Emperour Vasili Euanowich onely the Muscouites stand with him and very few of the Nobilitie Daily there issueth out by force or stealth diuers of the Gentrie most of the Dutch specially the Women are gone out of the Mosco to the Tartar It is supposed that the Emperour cannot long hold out and Demetrie Euanowich is reported to bee a very wise Prince Captaine MARGARETS Letter to Master MERICK from Hamborough Ian. 29. 1612. RIght worshipfull Sir I could not omit this commoditie without commending my seruice to your Worship and also briefly to aduertise you of the State of Mosco which is not as I could wish Also I left Master Brewster in good health at my departure but three dayes after the Towne within the red wall was burnt with certaine fire Bals shot in by the Russes so that there is but three houses left whole the English house also being burnt Master Brewster is constrained to haue his dwelling in a Seller vnder the Palace without great friends except Misslofsqui The Generall Cotqueuilsh is arriued there and left a sufficient number of men to keepe the Castle and the red Wall hee himselfe with his Armie is gone towards Resan and he hath sent with much to doe and vpon certaine conditions to the Riuer of Sagia towards the Volga to bring victuals to maintayne them that are in the Castle besieged of the Muscouites The King of Poland is altogether resolued to goe there in person this summer and if the Russes haue no forraine helpe as there is no appearance no question it will come to passe as I writ last to your Worship that they will be forced to yeeld I write briefly to your Worship because I hope to take my voyage to France through England and there to meet with your Worship intreating your Worship to accept these few lines as a testimony of the seruice I haue vowed to your Worship c. and so I end in haste Thus haue we finished foure Acts of this Tragedie the first ending with the end of Bealas family the second with the ruine of that of Boris the third with that whatsoeuer Demetrius the fourth with this Suiskey attended with that shadow or ghost of another Demetrius Now as I haue seene sometimes the Spectators of Tragedies whiled with discourse of a Chorus or as in our vulgar entertayned with musicke to remit for a time those bloudie impressions fixed in attentiue mindes so haue we represented Pheodâ—res Coronation added to the first Boris his Charter to the English to conclude the second that of Demetrius to the third and for this fourth I haue here made bold with a Letter of my worthy friend so am I bold to call that good Man zealous Protestant elegant Writer industrious Preacher learned Doctor and Reuerend Deane Doctor Hall a Hall adorned with so rich Arras and with all the ground light life the All of these Christian humilitie which may serue as a Letter of commendation to my intent as it was intended to another worke which had it beene publike might haue preuented the greatest part of this A worke of Master Samuel Southeby in Sir Th. Smiths Voyage mentioned touching those Russian occurrents which he in part saw As a Traueller he deserueth place here And howsoeuer I haue neither beene so happy to see the Worke nor the Workman yet this Epistle tells what we haue lost and my worke easily proclaimes the defect of such a Wardrobe being as you see like a Beggars cloke all of diuersifyed patches so much more labour to mee in both getting and stitching them though so much lesse satisfaction to thee Once as I haue placed this long Russian storie in the midst of Marine Discoueries to refresh the Reader a while on Land so amidst these tragicall harsh Relations I thus seeke to recreate thy wearie spirits with this chat of mine and after these Minda gates more really with this Letter so vsefull to the present subiect so pleasing in the stile The whole and the next following to Buchinski the Reader may finde in his so
demeanour like to bruâ—t beasts whom the King kept a long time after Two yeeres after I saw two of them at Westminster apparelled like English c. Master Robert Thorne writes that his Father and Master Hugh Eliot a Merchant of Bristoll were the first discouerers of New-found Land and if the Mariners would haue beene ruled and followed their Pilots minde the West Indies had beene ours so that it seemeth this Discouerie was before that of Columbus Master Hakluyt hath published the particulars of these things more fully as also diuers Treatises touching the North-west of Sir Humphrey Gilbert and others to which I referre the Reader and no lesse for the Voyages made by diuers English into those parts three by Sir Martin Frobisher in the yeeres 1576 77 and 78. Two of Captaine Iohn Dauies in 86 and 87. that of Master Hore An. 1536. that of Sir Humphrey Gilbert 1583. that of Master Charles Leigh to Ramea An. 1597. and before in 1593. that of George Drake with those of Iaques Cartier and diuers others My purpose is not to steale Master Hakluyts labours out of the World by culling and fleecing them for our purpose but by this Index to instruct men where they may haue festiuall store in this kinde I had rather giue you new things Such are to the World these that you had before in Hudsons voyages set together as also those of Greenland and such are those of Waymouth Knight Hall Baffin c. And first as Foreman of our Quest we will giue you Sir Humphrey Gilberts Letter written with his owne hand from New-found Land whereof he tooke formall possession to the Crowne of England and was as a Martyr of those Discoueries It was written to Sir George Peckham a great Aduenturer in that voyage and a greater in one of longer life his written Treatise of Westerne planting extant in Master Hakluyts third Tome and I haue here inserted it being hitherto vnprinted as a memorial of both their worths and after it though in time before wee will recreate you with a plaine Mariners Letter endorsed in homely phrase To the Honorable Kings Grace of England here as I thinke giuen you from the Originall I haue also another written to Cardinall Wolsey touching the same voyage in Latin by Albertus de Prato for the antiquitie rather then any remarkable raritie worthy here to be mentioned SIr George I departed from Plymouth on the eleuenth of Iune with fiue sailes and on the thirteenth the Barke Rawley ran from me in faire and cleere weather hauing a large winde I pray you solicite my brother Rawley to make them an example of all Knaues On the third of August wee arriued at a Port called Saint Iohns and will put to the Seas from thence God willing so soone as our ships will be ready Of the New-found Land I will say nothing vntill my next Letters Be of good cheare for if there were no better expectation it were a very rich demaynes the Country being very good and full of all sorts of victuall as fish both of the fresh water and Sea-fish Deere Pheasants Partridges Swannes and diuers Fowles else I am in haste you shall by euery Messenger heare more at large On the fifth of August I entred here in the right of the Crowne of England and haue engrauen the Armes of England diuers Spaniards Portugals and other strangers witnessing the same I can stay no longer fare you well with my good Lady and be of good cheare for I haue comforted my selfe answerable to all my hopes From Saint Iohns in the New-found Land the 8. of August 1583. Yours wholly to command no man more HVM GILBART I mentioned before Master Thornes fathers finding New-found Land with Master Eliot These animated King Henrie the eight to set forth two ships for discouerie one of which perished in the North parts of New-found Land The Master of the other Iohn Rut writ this Letter to King Henrie in bad English and worse Writing Ouer it was this superscription Master Grubes two ships departed from Plymouth the 10. day of Iune and arriued in the New-found Land in a good Harbour called Cape de Bas the 21. day of Iuly and after we had left the sight of Selle we had neuer sight of any Land till we had sight of Cape de Bas. PLeasing your Honorable Grace to heare of your seruant Iohn Rut with all his Company here in good health thanks be to God and your Graces ship The Mary of Gilford with all her thanks be to God And if it please your honorable Grace we ranne in our course to the Northward till we came into 53. degrees and there we found many great Ilands of Ice and deepe water we found no sounding and then we durst not goe no further to the Northward for feare of more Ice and then we cast about to the Southward and within foure dayes after we had one hundred and sixtie fathom and then wee came into 52. degrees and fell with the mayne Land and within ten leagues of the mayne Land we met with a great Iland of Ice and came hard by her for it was standing in deepe water and so went in with Cape de Bas a good Harbor and many small Ilands and a great fresh Riuer going vp farre into the mayne Land and the mayne Land all wildernesse and mountaines and woods and no naturall ground but all mâ—sse and no inhabitation nor no people in these parts and in the woods wee found footing of diuers great beasts but we saw none not in ten leagues And please your Grace the Samson and wee kept company all the way till within two dayes before wee met with all the Ilands of Ice that was the first day of Iuly at night and there rose a great and a maruailous great storme and much foule weather I trust in Almightie Iesu to heare good newes of her And please your Grace we were considering and a writing of all our order how we would wash vs and what course wee would draw and when God doe send foule weather that with the Cape de Sper shee should goe and he that came first should tarry the space of sixe weeks one for another and watered at Cape de Bas ten dayes ordering of your Graces ship and fishing and so departed toward the Southward to seeke our fellow the third day of August we entered into a good Hauen called Saint Iohn and there we found eleuen saile of Normans and one Brittaine and two Portugall Barkes and all a fishing and so we are readie to depart toward Cape de Bas and that is twentie fiue leagues as shortly as we haue fished and so along the coast till we may meete with our fellow and so with all diligence that lyes in me toward parts to that Ilands that we are commanded by the grace of God as we were commanded at our departing And thus Iesu saue and keepe your honorable Grace and all your honourable Reuer in
North-east and North-east and by East till about midnight when we found the said banke to fall away The eleuenth day being cleere of the Ice I stood away North North-east till sixe a clocke when we met with another great banke of Ice at which time the Commanders of the Lion being now againe very fearfull as before came vp to our ship perswading the Shipper and Companie to leaue vs and to stand to Seaboord with them But the Shipper who was also Lieftenant of the ship being more honestly minded said that he would follow vs so long as he could with which answere they departed vsing many spitefull wordes both of the Captaine and mee saying we were determined to betray the Kings ships at which time they shot off a peece of Ordnance and so stood away from vs. I seeing their peruerse dealing let them goe wee coasting alongst the Ice North North-east with a fresh-gale it being extreme cold with snow and hayse the Sea also going very high by reason of a mightie current the which I found to set very forceably through this Strait which being nigh vnto America side setteth to the Northwards and on the other side to the contrarie as by proofe I found So coasting alongst this mayne banke of Ice which seemed as it had beene a firme Continent till about eleuen a clocke when wee espyed the Ice to stretch to windward on our weather bow wee setting our starboord takes aboord stood away East and by South with the winde at South and by East till wee had doubled a Seaboord the Ice at which time I directed my course directly ouer for the cleere coast of Groineland East and by North which course I directed all the Frost to goe wee standing away our course all this night it being very much snow and sleete The twelfth day in the morning about foure a clocke we espyed the Land of Groenland being a very high ragged Land the tops of the Mountaines being all couered with snow yet wee found all this coast vtterly without Ice wee standing into the Land espyed a certaine Mount aboue all the rest which Mount is the best marke on all this Coast the which I named Mount Cunningham after the name of my Captaine We comming into the shoare betweene two Capes or Head-lands the Land lying betweene them North and by East and South and by West the Southmost of which Forelands I named Queene Annes Cape after the name of the Queenes Maiestie of Denmarke and the Northermost of the two I called Queene Sophias Cape after the name of the Queene Mother So standing into the Land we came amongst certaine Ilands where sayling in still amongst the same vnto the Southermost foot of the foresaid Mount wee came into a goodly Bay which wee did suppose to be a Riuer being on both sides of the same very high and steepe Mountaines wee named the same King Christianus Foord after the name of the Kings Maiestie of Denmarke So sayling vp this Bay which wee supposed to bee a Riuer the space of sixe or seuen English leagues finding in all that space no anchoring being maruellous deepe water till at the length we had sayled vp the Bay the foresaid distance at length I brought the Ship and Pinnasse to an anchor in sixteene fathom shelly ground at which time our Captaine and I went aland giuing thankes vnto God for his vnspeakable benefits who had thus dealt with vs as to bring vs to this desired Land into so good an Harbour which done the Captaine and I walked vp the Hills to see if wee could see any of the people hauing our Boat to row alongst with vs. Hauing gone alongst the Riuer side vpon the tops of the Hills the space of three or foure English miles at length looking towards our Boat wee saw vpon the Riuer side foure of the people standing by their Houses or rather Tents couered ouer with Seale-skins Wee comming downe the Hills towards them they hauing espyed vs three of them ranne away vpon the Land and the other tooke his Boat and rowed away leauing their Tents Wee being come downe the Hills called to our men in the Boat and entring into her rowed towards the Sauage who was in his Boat made of Seale-skins Hee holding vp his hands towards the Sunne cryed Yota wee doing the like and shewing to him a knife hee presently came vnto vs and tooke the same of the Captaine When hee had presently rowed away from vs wee rowed a little after him and seeing it was but in vaine wee rowed aland againe and went into their Tents which wee found couered as is aforesaid with Seale-skins Wee finding by the houses two Dogs being very rough and fat like in shape to a Foxe with very great abundance of Seale fish lying round about their Tents a drying with innumerable quantities of a little fish like vnto a Smelt which fish are commonly called Sardeenes of which fish in all the Riuers are wonderfull skuls these fishes also lay a drying round about their Tents in the Sunne in great heapes with other sundrie kindes Then entring into their Tents wee found certaine Seale skins and Foxe skins very well drest also certaine Coates of Seale skins and Fowle skins with the feather side inward also certaine Vessels boyling vpon a little Lampe the Vessell being made after the manner of a little Pan the bottome whereof is made of stone and the sides of Whales finnes in which Vessell was some little quantitie of Seale fish boyling in Seale oyle and searching further wee did finde in another of their Vessels a Dogs head boyled so that I perswaded my selfe that they eate Dogs flesh Moreouer by their houses there did lye two great Boates being couered vnder with Seales skins but aloft open after the forme of our Boates being about twentie foote in length hauing in each of them eight or ten tosts or seates for men to sit on which Boates as afterwards I did perceiue is for the transporting of their Tents and baggage from place to place and for a saile they haue the guts of some beast which they dresse very fine and thin which they sow together Also the other sorts of their Boats are such as Captaine Frobisher and Master Iohn Dauis brought into England which is but for one man being cleane couered ouer with Seale skins artificially dressed except one palce to â—it in being within set out with certaine little ribs of Timber wherin they vse to row with one Oare more swiftly then our men can doe with ten in which Boates they fish being disguised in their Coates of Seale skinnes whereby they deceiue the Seales who take them rather for Seales then men which Seales or other fish they kill in this manner They shoot at the Seales or other great fish with their Darts vnto which they vse to tye a bladder which doth boy vp the fish in such manner that by the
well with sinewes or guts that no water can pierce them through beeing some of them aboue twentie foot long and not past two foot or two foot and an halfe broad in forme of a Weauers shittle and so light that a man may carrie many of them at once for the weight In these Boates they will row so swiftly that it is almost incredible for no ship in the World is able to keepe way with them although shee haue neuer so good a gale of wind and yet they vse but one Oare who sitting in the midle of their Boate and holding their Oare in the middle being broad at each end like our Oares will at an instant goe backward and forward as they please In these Boates they catch the most part of their food being Seales and Salmons Morses and other kinds of fishes Some they kill with their Darts and other some with Angles hauing a Line made of small shiuers of Whales Finnes and an Hooke of some fishes bones with which Line and Hookes we also haue caught very much fish Also they haue another kinde of Boate which is very long For wee haue seene one of them thirtie two foot in length open in the toppe like our Boates hauing tenne seates in it In which when they remooue their Dwellings they carrie their Goods or House-hold-stuffe for they remooue their Dwellings very often as their fishing doth serue liuing in the Summer time in Tents made of Seales skinnes and in Winter in Houses some-what in the ground Wee could not particularly learne their Rites or Ceremonies but generally they worship the Sunne as chiefe Authour of their Felicitie At their first approach vnto vs they vsed with their hands to point vp to the Sunne and to strike their hands vpon their brests crying Ilyont as who would say I meane no harme which they will doe very often and will not come neere you vntill you doe the like and then they will come without any feare at all They burie their dead in the Out-Ilands neere the Seaside Their manner of Buriall is this Vpon the tops of the Hils they gather a company of stones together and make thereof an hollow Caue or Graue of the length and breadth of the bodie which they intend to burie laying the stones somewhat close like a wall that neyther Foxes nor other such beasts may deuoure the bodies couering them with broad stones shewing afarre off like a pile of stones And neere vnto this Graue where the bodie lyeth is another wherein they burie his Bow and Arrowes with his Darts and all his other Prouision which hee vsed while hee was liuing Hee is buried in all his Apparell and the coldnesse of the Climate doth keepe the bodie from smelling and stinking although it lye aboue the Ground They eate all their Food raw and vse no fire to dresse their Victuals as farre as wee could perceiue Also wee haue seene them drinke the Salt-water at our shippes side But whether it bee vsuall or no I cannot tell Although they dresse not their meate with fire yet they vse fire for other things as to warme them c. Diuers of our men were of opinion that they were Man-eaters and would haue deuoured vs if they could haue caught vs. But I doe not thinke they would For if they had bin so minded they might at one time haue caught our Cooke and two other with him as they were filling of water at an Iland a great way from our ship These three I say were in the ships Boate without eyther Musket or any other Weapon when as a great company of the Sauages came rowing vnto them with their Darts and other Furniture which they neuer goe without and stood looking into the Boate for Nayles or any old Iron which they so greatly desire while our men were in such a feare that they knew not what to doe At length our Cooke remembred that hee had some old Iron in his pocket and gaue each of them some as farre as it would goe with his Key of his Chest. And presently they all departed without offering any harme at all But this I speake not that I would haue men to trust them or to goe among them vnprouided of Weapons CHAP. XVIII A true Relation of such things as happened in the fourth Voyage for the Discouerie of the North-west Passage performed in the yeere 1615. Written by WILLIAM BAFFIN AFter three sundry Voyages towards the North-west to the great charge of the Aduenturers the last being vnder the command of Captaine Gibbins in which was little or nothing performed Yet the Right Worshipfull Sir Dudley Digges Knight Master Wostenholme Esquire Master Alderman Iones with others being not therewith discouraged This yeere 1615. againe set forth the Discouery a ship of fiftie fiue tunnes or thereabouts which ship had beene the three former Voyages on the action The Master was Robert Bileth a man well acquainted that way hauing beene employed in the three former Voyages my selfe being his Mate and Associate with fourteene others and two Boyes The sixteenth we weighed Anchor at Saint Katharines and that tyde came to Blackwall the winde being at South South-west The seuenteenth wee went downe to Grauesend and the eighteenth to Lee where we anchored that night Vpon the sixt of May we saw Land on the Coast of Groenland on the East side of Cape Farewell and that night we had a great storme so wee kept a Southerly course to get about the Ice which lay on that shoare and then kept our course vntill the seuenteenth day of May all which forenoone we sayled by many great Ilands of Ice some of which were aboue two hundred foot high aboue water as I proued by one shortly after which I found to be two hundred and fortie foot high and if report of some men be true which affirme that there is but one seuenth part of the Ice aboue water then the height of that piece of Ice which I obserued was one hundred and fortie fathomes or one thousand sixe hundred and eightie foote from the toppe to the bottome this proportion I know doth hold in much Ice but whether it doe so in all I know not This seuenteenth of May about noone we were come to the firme Ice as one would suppose being in the latitude of 61. degrees 26. minutes or thereabout being the latitude of the Souâ—h part of the I le of Resolution we comming to this Ice our Master asked my opinion concerning the putting into the Ice My iudgement was it would be best for vs to stand and ply it vp to the Northwards Hee answered we were on the North side of the South Channell and much Ice we must passe through and if that we could get some two or three leagues within the Ice it would euery tide open and we should get some thing onward of our way hauing all the Channell to the South-wards of vs. So with
right-all Booke Chap. 15. Their forces for the warres with the chiefe Officers and salaries The onely Gentlemen Souldiers by birth and inheritance Emperours Guard Degrees of Horsemen 1. Pretoriani or such as attend the Emperors person 15000 Two other troupes to the number of 65000. Horsemen in continuall pay 80000. Footmen in continuall pay 12000. Strangers mercenaries in pay 4300. The chiefe Captaines or Leaders 1. The Voiauod or Generall 2. Lieutenant generall 3. Marshals of the field foure 4. Marshalâ— Deputies 8. 5. Coronels Vnder-captaines 6. Masters of the Artillerie The walking Captayne Chap. 16. Of their mustering and leuying of forces manner of Armour and prouision of victuall for the Warres Their order for mustering The Horse-mans Furniture Shooting forward and backward The footmans Furniture Prouision of victuall Prouisions Honos alit artes Chap. 17. Of their marching charging and other Martiall Discipline George-ensigne Horse-mens Drummes The horsemans manner of charging The footmans charge The walking Castle Store of Munition Reward for valour Chap. 18. Of their Colonies an maintayning of their conquests or purchases by force Lituania Narue The Deuillie was Permia and Pechora Chap. 19. Of the Tartars and other borderers to the countrey of Russia with whom they haue most to doe in war and peace Thâ— Polonians called Laches by the Russe The Chrim Tartar The firing of Mosko by the Chrim Tartar in the yeere 1575. Homage done by the Russe to the Chrim Tartar See the first booke of Bathay and of the Tartars Conquests The manner of the Tartars fight and Armour Apparell Mirzohs or Morseis The subtiltie of the Tartar Tartars resolution Captiues The Tartars Religion Idols Sorcerie Marriage The Tartar Nobilitie The Tartar dyet The Tartars dwelling Moueable Citie and Court Tartars persons described Speach Song Shooting Diuers kindes of Tartars The Nagay Tartar the cruellest The Chircasce the ciuillest Tartars The Cheremissen Tartar The Mordwit Tartar the most barbarous of the rest Shalcan Derbent Tartars generall Rules Chap. 20. Of the Permians Samoits and Lappes The Permians The Samoits The Samoits Religion Slata Baba or the Golden Hag. The Samoits habite and behauiour The Lappes No Bread Wilde Lappes Witches Wardhuyse Cola. Sleds drawne with Deere Chap. 21. Of their Ecclesiasticall state with their Church Offices The Church Officers The Patriarch Patriarch of Sio or Chio. The translation of the Patriarchicall sea from Constantinople or Sio to Mosko The Patriarchship of Constantinople translated to Mosko * As they doe and euer since haue done Kalender pretence The Patriarchs Iurisdictition Two Metropolites Foure Archbishiops Sixe Bishops Ecclesiasticall Iurisdiction Their Gentlemen commissaries The Church reuenues The Election of Bishops The learning and exercise of the Russe Clergie Priests The Russe Priests can marry but once The Priests maintenance Their Priests attyre Friers Their manner of shiring Friers The Friers Learning Nunneries Eremites Strange hardinesse Basileo the Eremite Lame Miracle Nichola the Eremite Chap. 22. Of their Lyturgie or form of Church-seruice and their manner of administring the Sacraments Their morning Seruice Legend Candles Compline Their euening Seruice The manner of the Russe Baptisme Oyle and Salt Presented Cutting off haire Proselyte-paines Tartars choose to die rather then turne Christians Rebaptising The administring of the Lords Supper Confession Communion in both kinds Chap. 23. Of the Doctrine of the Russe Church what errors it holdeth 1. Their disallowing of certaine parts of the Canonical Scriptures 2. Traditions equall to the holy Scripture 3. The Church to haue soueraigne authoritie in interpreting the Scriptures 4. The holy Ghost to proceed from the Father onely 5. Christ not sole Mediator of intercession Saint Nicolas his 300. Angels Images 6. Iustification by workes 7. Saluation vncertaine 8. Auricular confession 9. Three Sacraments 10. All damned that die without Baptisme 11. Anabaptisme 12. Difference of meates 13. Marriage for some persons vnlawfull Inquisition Chap. 24. Of the manner of solemnizing their Marriages The manner of indowment for Wiues Ceremonies in Marriages Ring Loafe Mead. Corne. Silence Chap. 25. Of the other Ceremonies oâ— the Russe Church The signe of the Crosse how it crosseth out other deuotions Holy-water Hallowing of Riuers Drinking of Holy-water Cruell blindnesse of â—uperstition Brewing with Holy-water Palm-sunday Fasts Vigils Burialls Monâ—hs minds Chap. 26. Of the Emperours domesticke or priuate behauior His priuate Prayer The Emperour giueth presence euery morning The Emperors Seruice at his Table Beare bayâ—ing Emperour Theodore described Pilgrimage Chap. 27. Of the Emperors priuate or houshold Officers Master of the Horse The Lord Steward The Lord Treasurer Comptroller Chamberlaine Tasters Harbengers Gentlemen of the Chamber The Guard Groomes Chap. 28. Or the priuate behauiour or qualitie of the Russe people Constitution of their bodies Their Dyet Drinking and kissing Sleeping Bath-stoues Extremities Women-dawbers The Noblemans attyre The Gentlemans apparell The Noblewomans attire The Mousicks or common mans attire Their wits and capacities Crueltie of the Russe people Intemperancy a H. G. A. in 〈◊〉 of the Enâ—â—â—sh assertion â—or Wâ—lloughby sayth Il est â—ien vâ—ay que nos Mariniers n'ont trouve au die lieu de 72. degrees aulcun Pays 72. in Sir Hugh Willoughbies Booke perhaps was mistaken for 77. their figure of 7. and that of 2. in old writing being very like each other â—o that the last 7. with a little touch of the running Pen might appeare 2. His hand I am sure is of the old fashion of that time as appeares by a Will I haue with his hand and perhaps all of his hand Some Englâ—sh Maps haue made an Iland in that height where none is and the Dutch Willebâ—rd Iles which they say are eight in 73. haue small likeâ—ihood perhaps Sir Hugh Willoughbie might misreckon by not knowing the variation of the Compas and Sea â—ules which I take to be most likâ—ly and H. G. A. confesseth also b Sebastian Cabota the English Columbus sonne of Iohn a Venetian bred heere and Discouerer for Henry the Seuenth of America and first Gouernour of the Moscouie Companie c In the said Map is Queene Elizabeths Picture with Neptune yeelding his Trident and Triton sounding her Fame with these Verses Te Deus aequoreusdonat Regina Tridente Et Triton laudes efflat vbique tuas * Sir F. Drake first finder of the S. Sreights called Maires W. Gemeticensis de Ducib Norman Hans Townes Cathay See l. 2. cap. 1. of this whole Voyage 212. * An errour in the latitude the Land stands in 77. Greenland discouered by Sir Hugh Willoughbie This Voyage was written by Sir H. Will. and found in his ship In Ianuarie after he was aliue as appeares by a Will of Gab. Will. his kinsman subscribed by Sir Hug. Willoughbie which Will I now haue and keepe as a Relike of that worthie discouerer and first finder of King Iames his New-land * See Hackl V tom 1. pag. 274. 1576. Sir M. Frobisher Hakl tom 3.29 seqq 1578. 1580. Pet and Iackman Hak. to 1. p.
The description of the land of Groenland Of the fertility of the Countrey Store of fowle Blacke Foxes Fishes Of the Coast. Of the people The colour of the people The people very actiue They eat their meat most part raw Of their apparell Of their weapons We could see no Wood. Drift-wood Iuly 1605. Frost Iland Our meeting againe with the ship Three of the people taken Two men set aland A great current setting to the Southwards Drift Ice A mighty bank of Ice A great scul of Whales A great current We fell with Orkeney Godske Lindeno Captaine Cunningham Hans Browne a Gentleman of Norway Rickerson a Dane Andres Noll of Bergen Our comming to Flecorie Our departure One of our Groenlanders dyed The fift and sixt most what calme· Shotland Our Groenlander dyed Sight of Land with Ice A current The Pinnasse came foule of the Lion South current Variation obserued A current setting South-west Sight of Amerâ—ca in 58. degrâ—es and 30. mâ—nutes A Current Variation obserued Compassed about with Ice Land of America A mightie current setting to the westward Note Here I did giue direction to the other steer-man to direct their course for Groenland Variation obserued The Current Variation obserued Variation obserued Wee lost the Lion and Gilliflowre The siluer Myne The place of the siluer Myne Barter for Seales skinnes and Whales finnes Many greene Ilands Another foord Queene Sophias Cape Reine Deere Ramels Foord A hollow Sea Fos Bay No ground at 100. fathoms in the middest of Fos Bay Fos Riuer in 66. degrees 25. minutes A Town found teach 〈◊〉 vp the Riuer A man left on Land Fiue of the people taken againe Groenland called by the Inhabitants Secanunga Knights Ilands We met againe with the Lion Sight of Land Frost Iland Variation obserued A great Southerne Sea Variation obserued A Bas Goose. Variation obserued to the North-east Sight of Ferris The streame vnder the Ilands of Farre Turco April 18 1606. Pentlefrith in Orkney Saint Margarites Sound Two small Ilands The Bling-head the North-east part of Lewis Fifty eight degrees 27. min. Eighteene degrees of variation A current to the Northward Many Gulles and much Rock-weed A current to the North eastward The variation 13. degrees Westward An Owle The variation 14. degrees and an halfe to the West Fiftie eight degrees of latitude White fowles Dead Cowes The variation of the Compasse 24. degrees North-westward Iune 1. Many blacke wild fowles Latitude 56. degrees Variation 24. degrees Westward Fifty eight degrees A small current to the South-west Sight of Land like Ilands The Land of America descryed in 56. degrees 48. minutes America here sheweth like broken Ilands Edward Gorrell the Masters Mate M. Iohn Knight with fiue more passeth ouer to a great Iland where he and three of his company seem to haue bin intercepted by the Sauages Their Trumpettor Their Shallop noâ— finished They could not passe to the great Iland for Ice The Sauages of the Countrie assault our men at one of the clocke at night Our men expulse the Sauages Aboue fiftie Sauages in sight Very great Boates of the Sauages The descriptioÌ„ of the Sauages A great Current setting to South Pintels are small Iron pins made fast to the Rudder and hung the Rudder to the Stern-post c. They get out of the Bay where they rode Our Shippes Keâ—le was splintâ—d in two or three places They consult to touch at New found Land Broken Ilands in 49. degrees and a halfe of latitude Many broken Ilandâ— which weâ—e the Isles de Fogo Sunken Rocks Twelue Shallops of Fishermen 60. degrees 30. minutes difference of longitude betweene the meridian of London and Cockins Sound in Groenland Obiection Answere Cockins Ford in 65. deg 20. min Variation 23. deg 58. min. Many good Rodes Great footing Ramels Riuer Iames Hall deadly wounded by a Sauage The death of Iames Hall Queene Sophias Cape Cunninghams Riuer The supposed Mine found to be of no value A pleasant Valley Many of their winter houses in Ramels Riuer The fashion of their greater Boates. Ramels Ford in the latitude of 67. degrees The variation is 24. degrees 16. minutes William Huntrice Master of the Hâ—â—rts-â—ase They come out of harbour Thick and foggie weather the winde being South Burnils Cape Variation 13. degr 22. min. Variation 11. degr 10. min. Variation 7. degrees 23. minutes Variâ—tion 7. degrees 20. minutes The true variation 6. deg 4. minutes They lose company of their consort The Hartsease Variation 6. degrees to the East Ground found Land descryed The Iles of Orkney The lying of the Channell in Orkney Buquham-ness They arriue at Hull High Mountaynes of stone very pure No profitable Vre Continuall Snow Grasse No Trees Balls Riuer A Groue of small wood Foxes White Hares Deere These seeme to be Elkes or Loâ—shes Dogges like Wolues The pizzelâ— of Dogges and Foxâ—s are bone so also is the Morses pizzle of which I haue by me one of stone The great swiftnesse of their Boats Their Oares broad at both ends Salmons and Morses c. Angles and Lines Their great Boats 32. foot long They worship the Sunne Their salutation Their burials They burne the weapons and all other Furniture of the dead They vse fire They are not Man-eaters Nailes old Iron greatly desired of the Sauages Men are not to goe among Sauages without theâ—r weapons The first by Hudsâ—â— in which hee perished the second by Sir Thoâ—aâ— Button the third by Captaine Gibbins Groenland Cape Farewell High Icie Ilands I le of Resolution No night Variation 24. degrees Sauage Iles. Dogges Great Boat with 14. men Bagge of Images Their Dogges described The people described Situation Many Ilands and seuerall tyde Sets Brokâ—n Point Obseruations of longitude Master Rudston Mill Iland Nottinggams Iland Cape Comfort Sea Horse point Salisburie I le Swan Iland Digges I le Saluages Willocks Howsoeuer the passage this way was embayed yet that former discouerie of Sir Tho. Button then by him kept secret for some intent of his is both more probable and to the most iudicious more then probable and that by that Tyde argument from the West as in Master Brigs his Map and notes appeareth Store of Grand Bay Whales Baffin twice at Greenland Morses Sea Vnicorne· The horne is still kept in the Robes at Windsore where I haue seene it neere seuen foot long and cressed c Variation of the Compasse admirable March 26. Groinland Men and dogs Dead Whale Hope Sanderson Tents Men and Women Womens Ilands The people described Women Religion Buriall of Men and Dogs 42. Inhabitants Vnicornes hornes Horne Sound They see many Sea Vnicornes Sharp frost on Midsummer day Sir Dudly Digs his Cape Wostenholme Sound Whale Sound Sir Thomas Smiths Sound in 78. deg Variation of the compasse 56. degrees to the West Which may make questionable D. Gilberts rule Tom. 1 l. 2. c. 1. that where more earth is more attraction of the compasse happeneth by variation toward it Now the known continents of Asia
the Master altered his minde as those Barbarians are vsually inconstant and lingred long amongst the Ilands in the way This troubled vs in two respects principally both for the losse of the season which God offered and which being past wee were compelled to winter on the Coast of China and againe because in the same Ship was carryed an Idoll of the Deuill to which the Mariners in sight and spight of vs sacrificed after the manner of their Countrey They also by lots demanded answers thereof touching their Voyage which as they sayd and beleeued were sometimes good sometimes bad A hundred leagues from Malaca holding our course to China wee stayed at an Iland where after many Ceremonies the Deuill was consulted what fortune wee should haue who answered very prosperous Whereupon with great alacritie wee set sayle they worshipped the Idoll placed in the poope with Candles burning and incense of sweet Wood wee trusted in God the Creator of Heauen and Earth and in his Sonne our Lord Iesus Christ desiring to carrie his Religion into those parts When wee were vnder sayle they demanded of the Deuill whether this Ship should returne from Iapon to Malaca the answer was made by the lot-casters that it should goe to Iapon but not returne to Malaca which made them alter their mindes thinking it better to winter in China and to deferre the voyage to Iapon till the next yeere You may well thinke how it grieued vs that the Deuill must bee consulted touching our course After this we came to Cauchinchina where two aduerse things happened Emanuel Sina our companion by the rolling of the Ship in the troubled Sea fell into the sinke almost dead with the bruise and water but in few dayes recouered which before it was ended the Masters Daughter with the like rolling of the Ship fell into the Sea and in all our sight was drowned and much lamentation followed The Barbarians presently sought to pacifie the Deuill and without rest all the day and night tooke paines to kill Birds to the Idoll and to set dishes of meate before it and by lots consulted to know the cause of that misfortune The answer was that if Emanuel which first fell in had dyed the Girle had not fallen into the Sea You see in what danger the Deuill hereby had cast vs if our Lord had not restrayned his rage c. The tempest being asswaged wee came in few dayes to the Port of Canton in China And there they purposed to Winter notwithstanding all our intreaties and expostulations but I know not how on a sudden they would goe to Chincheo on the same Coast. And when wee were almost there the Master was certified by some which sayled by that there was store of Pirats at Chincheo whereupon the winde being faire for Iapon and crosse for Canton they brought vs to Cangoxuma the Countrey of our friend Paul whose friends vsed vs vnkindly There wee spent fortie dayes in learning the Elements of the Iaponian tongue with great labour and began to publish the Decalogue and other heads of Christian learning which Paul had accurately conuerted into his owne Language and wee purposed speedily to Print them whereby the knowledge of Christ is further and more easily founded c. The occasion of his journey thither hee sheweth in another Letter that some Portugals being lodged in a House possessed by Deuils compassed the sayd house with Crosses and that there was great hope of good to bee done in those parts whereupon notwithstanding those Seas are very tempestuous and much infested with Pirats hee resolued to goe thither Ricius and Trigantius adde that the Iaponian Priests alledged in defence of their Idolatries the Chinois wisedome against him whereupon hee returned to India to aduise with the Vice-roy to send an Ambassage into China without which there was no entrance and obtayned that Iames Pereira was named Legate with whom he had before conferred about the businesse at Sancian where the Portugals at that time vsed to trade with the Chinois Amacao not yet established but Aluarus Taidius the Captayne of Malaca opposed Xauier loath herein to bee crossed vsed the Popes Bull which constituted him Apostolicall Nuncio and grieuously Cursed all that should hinder his proceedings in promoting Religion And when Aluarus would not otherwise relent hee interdicted him and his followers Soone after Aluarus was possessed with a Leprosie and further contemning the Vice-roy was taken and cast in Irons and dyed miserably Xauier burning with zeale of his China expedition sought to get some Chinois by fauour or reward to conueigh him by stealth into China and to expose him some-where on the Continent although hee knew that imprisonment attended such strangers as came into China without licence Being admonished to take leaue of the Captayne What sayd hee should I goe to salute an Excommunicate person I shall neuer see him nor hee me in this life nor after but when in the Vale of Iosaphat I shall accuse him before the Iudge Christ. And praying for him after with a countenance full of Maiestie hee put off his shooes and shooke off the dust according to the Euangelicall precept Thus he came to Sancian a Desart Iland where the Portugals vsed to make oothes of boughes or straw for the time of their Trading with the Chinois with whom hee consulted about some way to effect his desires though with losse of libertie or life At last he agreeth with a China Merchant for as much Pepper giuen him of the Portugall Merchants in almes as was worth aboue two hundred Duckets to set him and his Interpreter on shoare secretly Hee vndertooke it but either secretly terrified by other Portugals or with his owne danger his Interpreter forsooke him and after that the Merchant also vanished He stayed yet wayting for him till a Feuer tooke him out of the world in December 1552. His corps was after translated to India The Portugals of those times were very desirous of Trade with the Chinois who on the other side were very suspitious of them both by that which they saw of their Ships and Ordnance and by that which the Moores at Canton reported of these Franks so the Mahumetans call Europaeans that they were warlike and victorious as appeared in Malaca and all India vnder colour of Merchandise subiected to the Portugals The Chinois at Canton call them still Falanks for they want the R and pronounce not two consonants without a vowell interposed By the same name they call also the Portugals Ordnance Yet desire of gaine preuayled that they were admitted to such a trade as ye haue heard so as the Mart ended they must away with their goods to India That course continued diuers yeeres till the Chinois growing lesse fearefull granted them in the greater Iland a little Peninsula to dwell in In that place was an Idoll which still remayneth to bee seene called Ama whence the Peninsula was called Amacao that is Amas