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A90391 An examination of the grounds or causes, which are said to induce the court of Boston in New-England to make that order or law of banishment upon pain of death against the Quakers; as also of the grounds and considerations by them produced to manifest the warrantableness and justness both of their making and executing the same, which they now stand deeply engaged to defend, having already thereupon put two of them to death. As also of some further grounds for justifying of the same, in an appendix to John Norton's book ... whereto he is said to be appointed by the General Court. And likewise of the arguments briefly hinted in that which is called, A true relation of the proceedings against the Quakers, &c. Whereunto somewhat is added about the authority and government which Christ excluded out of his Church ... By Isaac Penington, the younger. Penington, Isaac, 1616-1679. 1660 (1660) Wing P1166; Thomason E1020_5; ESTC R203130 87,615 103

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lead them on fast enough and give them light fast enough for he taketh care of such and knoweth what light and what practises are most proper for them but for men to walk on faster than the Lord holds forth light to them this overturns them raising up a wrong thing in them and the true birth hereby comes to suffer to shrink and be driven back And O how sweet and pleasant is it to the truly spiritual eye to see several sorts of believers several forms of Christians in the School of Christ every one learning their own lesson performing their own peculiar service and knowing owning and loving one another in their several places and different performances to their master to whom they are to give an account and not to quarrel with one another about their different practises Rom. 14.4 For this is the true ground of love and unity Not that such a man walks and does just as I do but because I feel the same spirit of life in him and in that he walks in his rank in his own order in his proper way and place of subjection to that And this is far more pleasing to me than if he walked just in that track wherein I walk nay so far as I am spiritual I cannot so much as desire that he should do so until he be particularly led thereto by the same spirit which led me And he that knows what it is to receive any truths from the spirit and to be led into practises by the spirit and how prone the fleshly part is to make hast and how dangerous that hast is will not be forward to press his knowledge or practises upon others but rather wait patiently till the Lord fit them for the receiving thereof and fear least they should receive and practise too soon even in that part which cannot serve the Lord. And this I can truly say concerning my self I never found my Spirit forward to draw any either to any thing I believed to be true or to any practise or way of worship I observed or walked in but desired that the power and leadings of life might go before them and was afraid lest men should receive things from my hand and not from the Lords Yea and this I very well remember that when I walked in the way of Independency as it hath been commonly called I had more unity with more love towards such as were single hearted in other wayes and practises of worship whose spirits I had some feeling of in the true simplicity and in the life than with diverse of such who were very knowing and zealous in that way of Independency in whom a wrong thing in the mean time had got up which had caused them to swerve from the life and from the simplicity So that the true Church Government being in the spirit and over the conscience as in the sight of God the great care must be to keep it within its bounds that nothing else govern but the Spirit and that the government be extended only unto that which is to be governed First care must be had that nothing govern in the Church of Christ but the Spirit of Christ that nothing else teach nothing else exhort nothing else admonish and reprove nothing else cut off and cast out Every Minister in the Church is to watch over his own Spirit that it intrude not into the work of God that it take not upon it to be the teacher the exhorter the reprover c. And every member is to wait in that measure of the Spirit which he hath received to feel the goings forth of the Spirit in him that teacheth and governeth and so to subject not to man but to the Lord to receive from the Lord to obey the Lord. Not to know any Minister according to the flesh but to receive and submit to what comes from the Spirit in the Spirit Not to know Paul or Apollo or Cephas but the Spirit ministring in them Paul may erre Apollo may erre Peter may erre and did erre when he compelled the Gentiles to live as the Jews Gal. 2.14 for which Paul withstood him to the face vers 11. and Barnabas also did erre vers 13. but the Spirit cannot erre and he that keeps to the measure of the Spirit in himself cannot let in any of their errors if they should erre but is preserved For the least measure of the Spirit is true and gives true judgment but he that receiveth never so great a measure of the Spirit yet if he keep not low therein but lifteth up himself because thereof above his brethren may easily erre himself and draw aside others into his error Secondly Care must be had that the conscience be kept tender that nothing be received but according to the light in the conscience The conscience is the seat of faith and if it be not kept close to the light which God lighteth there faith is soon made shipwrack of Christianity is begun in the Spirit which keepeth out the fleshly part with all its fleshly wisdome and reasonings about spiritual things and as the beginning is in the anointing so must the progress be As the Spirit begins in the conscience by convincing that by perswading that by setting up his light there and leading the soul by that light so that light must still be eyed and according to its growth and manifestation in the conscience so must the soul stand still or go on The great error of the ages of the Apostasie hath been to set up an outward order and uniformity and to make mens consciences bend thereto either by arguments of wisdom or by force but the property of the true Church Government is to leave the conscience to its full liberty in the Lord to preserve it single and entire for the Lord to exercise and to seek unity in the light and in the spirit walking sweetly and harmoniously together in the midst of different practises Yea and he that hath faith and can see beyond another yet can have it to himself and not disturb his brother with it but can descend and walk with him according to his measure and if his brother have any heavy burthen upon him he can lend him his shoulder and bear part of his burthen with him O how sweet and lovely is it to see brethren dwell together in unity to see the true image of God raised in persons and they knowing and loving one another in that image and bearing with one another through love and helping one another under their temptations and distresses of spirit which every one must expect to meet with If thou art a Christian indeed and in truth preserve thy conscience pure and tender towards God do not defile it with such religious practises duties ordinances c. as thou dost not feel the Spirit leading thee into for all such are Idols and exceedingly pollute thee And be tender also of thy brothers conscience and be not an instrument to draw him
ye and be not afraid of their terror neither be troubled 1 Pet 3.14 and the Apostle Paul bids the Philippians stand fast in one Spirit with one mind striving together for the faith of the Gospel and in nothing terrified by your adversaries which is to them an evident token of perdition but to you of salvation and that of God And the same Apostle who commended the Hebrews as having done well in bearing the great sight of afflictons encourages them to go on still and not be weary or faint in their minds but resist even to blood eyeing Christ who endured the contradiction of sinners to the very last Heb. 12.3 4. And he practised as he taught for he was not terrified with bonds or afflictions nor accounted his life dear unto him but that which was dear unto him was the serving of his Lord and Master in preaching and witnessing to his truths as his spirit led him Acts 20.23 24. trusting on the Lord to uphold him in enduring of them or to deliver him out of them as he pleased 2 Tim. 3.11 but that which he and the rest of the Apostles and Saints of Christ applyed themselves to in case of persecution was to suffer 1 Cor. 4.12 And whoever they are that will be Christs faithful Disciples now must look to meet with the same cross as they did not only from the prophane World but from the worldly professors also for there were not only zealous worldly professors in that age but the same spirit hath remained in every age since which still gets into the best form it can when need requires to oppose the power thereby And they that are in the Spirit and in the power must expect to be persecuted by such and they are to bear it and not to flie from it unless by a particular call and dispensation from the Lord for a particular service which is not the rule as it is here made but rather an exception from the rule So Christ sending his Disciples in hast to preach the Gospel bids them not salute in the way Luke 10.4 nor be stopped by persecution but hasten to publish the sound of Christs coming in the Cities of Israel for the harvest was great but the laborers few Mat. 9.37 and yet notwithstanding all the hast they could make they should not have gone over the Cities of Israel before the Son of man come Mat. 10.23 There is a time to suffer persecution and a time to flee from persecution and both these are to be known in the Lord and to be obeyed in the leadings of his Spirit but to lay it down as a general rule for Christians to observe that when they are persecuted they should flee this is expresly contrary to the Scriptures afore mentioned which shew that Christians are not generally to flee but to stand in the service and work to which they are called bearing witness not only by believing and publishing but also by suffering for the testimony of the truth They are Christs Souldiers and their duty is to stand in the battel and bear all the shot and persecutions of the enemy if God call them off to any other service that is a sufficient warrant for them but flying upon other termes may prove a great dishonour to their Master and to his cause and truth and may be the occasion of a great loss to their Spirits who are so tempted to flee Neither is this bearing the brunt of persecutions and standing in Gods work and service notwithstanding them all even unto death any tempting of God but an obedient taking up of the cross according to his will and command And whereas you plead that reason requires it what kind of reason is it which bids avoid the cross of Christ and flee for safety And what kind of Spirit is that which preacheth this Doctrine laying it down as a general rule for Christians to flee when they are persecuted Is it not that Spirit which fain would be at ease in the flesh in so much as it self will rather persecute than be disturbed of its fleshly liberty though its very unwilling to bear the reproach of being accounted a persecutor Ah how did the Jews cry out against their Fathers for killing the Prophets and verily thought if they had lived in their dayes they should by no means have done it and yet the same Spirit was in them though they saw it not but thought themselves far from it That which blinded them was a wrong knowledge of the Scriptures and a great zeal and devotion about their Temple worship and Ordinances without a sensible feeling of the guidance of Gods Spirit The same Spirit that deceived them layeth the same snare in these dayes and men swallow it as greedily with as great confidence as they did the zealous professors of religion for the generality still becoming persecutors of the present appearance of truth not knowing what they do Thus in the fear of the Lord God and in love to your souls with a meek and gentle spirit not being offended at what ye have done but looking over it to the Lord who bringeth glory to his name and advantage to his truth by the sufferings and death of his Saints have I answered your grounds and considerations and in the same fear love and meekness have I some things further to propose to your considerations which are of great concernment to you and deserve to be weighed by an equal hand in the equal ballance without prejudice or partiality 1. Consider meekly and humbly whether the Scriptures be the rule of the Children of the new covenant for if the Scripture was not intended by God for the rule and ye take it to be the rule then ye may easily mistake the way to eternal life and also err in your understanding and use of the Scriptures making such an use of them as they were never intended for and so missing of the true use and intent of them Now that the Scripture was not intended nor given forth by God to be the rule of the Children of the New Covenant besides our faithful Testimony from the sight of the thing in the true eternal light weigh our arguments from the Scripture many are mentioned in our writings consider at present of these three 1. The Scripture is an outward rule or law but the Scripture saith the law of the new covenant shall be an inward law It is written in the Prophets that all the Children of the new covenant or new Jerusalem shall be taught of the Lord Isa 54.13 who teacheth them inwardly by his Spirit and writeth his law in their hearts Jer. 31.33 34. and after this manner did the Lord take his people into covenant with himself and teach them in the Apostles dayes 1 John 2.27 The covenant is inward the teacher inward the writing inward the law inward and there it is to be read learned and known where the Spirit teacheth and writeth it 2. Scripture or the writings
ruined by any appearance of God nay nor by any appearance of the powers of darkness against God for the gates of Hell cannot prevail against the true Church And there is great advantage of errors heresies to the true Church for the life grows and gets ground by a fair tryal overcoming of them and the approved are thereby made manifest 1 Cor. 11.19 Now what kind of Church is yours which is in such danger of being ruined by that whereby the true Church was advantaged So that to plead that either you must suffer your Religion your souls your liberties to be made a prey of or take this course to defend them is very inconsequent and a strong argument against you that yours is not the truth which needs such a defence as the truth hath not been used to have but hath grown up been preserved and thriven not only without it but against the strength and force of it So likewise those considerations of the Shepherds defending the flock from Wolves and of the keeper of the vineyards maintaining the hedg against wild beasts c. are not proper to the thing in hand for the spiritual sheep the soul the liberty of the Church the true Religion the true vineyard are not outward nor to be defended after an outward manner but the defence is according to the nature of the thing which is to be defended To trust or look after an outward power for defending these is to betray the faith which is the sheild Therefore let them consider whether in looking out too much at these they have not lost the true weapon and the sight of the true thing which is to be defended which the arme of the Lord alone gathers and the arme of the Lord alone preserves This argument is yet further pressed from the present state of your own people too many of them being perillously disposed as ye say to receive their doctrine being already too much disaffected if not enemies to order c. Answ Alas alas have you had your order your Church government so long up and are the multitude among you yet so ready to be shaken Behold what a weak unstable settlement ye have attained to all this time by your outward force But search honestly and see who they are that are so ready to be shaken Are they the discontented and unconscionable multitude as ye speak or are they the most simple hearted most conscientious and zealous towards God amongst you for it is experienced here in Old England that the ground they gain is not upon the unconscionable but the conscientious If it be these that are somewhat touched with the sence of their doctrine it may make you fear that there is more of God therein than you are aware of Therefore do not proceed to argue thus violently against a thing before ye have tryed it but come to a deep serious inward consideration of the thing between God and your own souls not in the pride loftiness and self willedness but in the honesty humility and meekness of your Spirits and then perhaps ye may see beauty and the life of your souls in that which ye now so revile and persecute And though ye matter not how ye imagine and speak all manner of evil falsely against us yet do not also wrong the best among your selves by tearming them discontented and unconscionable because their Spirits are not hardened by your form but yet retain some tenderness towards God his truths and people But why do ye charge following the light within so deeply as to be a giving up of mens selves to their own inclinations and that it immediately canonizeth them for Saints dischargeth them from subjection both Civil and Sacred and from the Scriptures as the rule of life and by vertue of this their Saint-ship intitles them to the estates and dignities of all who are not of their minds c. Answ Surely if ye were guided by the light within ye would be preserved from such kind of injuriousness both to persons and principles Are your tongues and pens your own at liberty to speak and write any thing that will make for your advantage how manifestly false soever If it were but a natural light yet being of God it would not deserve this deep blame Have ye ever tryed it as we have done if not why do ye speak so against it before ye have tryed it We can upon much experience testifie that it is against our inclinations that it discovers them calls from them and is a daily cross to them upon following whereof we feel the bitter dying of the earthly part and the inclinations thereof pining away And from true subjection to that which truly is of God it never discharges but leads to obedience to what is lawfully commmanded by authority to patient suffering under what is unlawfully inflicted And as for the Scriptures it opens them in the life which gave them forth it fulfils them in us it makes them our own it makes us able to set our seal to the truth of them in the sight of God and to receive that for the rule which the Scriptures say is the rule the living word Christ the living way the word in the mouth and in the heart Rom. 10. the law in the mind the law of the spirit of life in Christ Jesus which is the word ingrafted into their hearts who are created anew in Christ And this is the honour which we give to the Scriptures namely to receive that which they testifie of to live and walk in that spirit which they call to us to live and walk in to take heed of painting the old nature and letting the old spirit live upon its imaginations which it gathers out of the Scriptures reading them in the oldness of the letter and not in the newness of the Spirit And we profess nakedly that we believe the truth of God not meerly because the Scripture hath said it for that which is out of the truth may thus believe but also because in coming to the thing and receiving the truth as it is in Jesus we have found it to be just as the Scriptures speak of it But what do ye speak as if following the light did intitle men to the estates and dignities of all who are not of their mind Nay the light teacheth not to covet not to desire earthly dignities or estates Let it be looked at over Old England which of us so much as mind these things Nay the Lord knows that the love of these things is daily rooted out of our hearts more and more and we are a people whom the World cannot charge with covetousness or love of the World wherewith all sorts of professors hitherto have been too justly chargeable O Rulers of New-England why do ye thus overturn the cause of the innocent if we were a bad people yet to lay things so notoriously false to our charge and to charge that principle in us with it which