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A31706 The commentaries of C. Julius Cæsar of his warres in Gallia, and the civil warres betwixt him and Pompey / translated into English with many excellent and judicious observations thereupon ; as also The art of our modern training, or, Tactick practise, by Clement Edmonds Esquire, ... ; where unto is adjoyned the eighth commentary of the warres in Gallia, with some short observations upon it ; together with the life of Cæsar, and an account of his medalls ; revised, corrected, and enlarged.; De bello civili. English Caesar, Julius.; Edmondes, Clement, Sir, 1566 or 7-1622. Observations upon Caesars commentaries of the civil warres.; Hirtius, Aulus. De bello Gallico. Liber 8. English.; Edmondes, Clement, Sir, 1566 or 7-1622. Manner of our modern training or tactick practise.; Caesar, Julius. De bello Gallico. English. 1655 (1655) Wing C199; ESTC R17666 660,153 403

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length to injoy the sweetness of victory for their manifold labours he provided a reward for such as were seen first upon the walls and gave them the signe to begin The souldiers flying suddenly out of all parts did quickly possess themselves of the walls The enemie being frighted with so sudden an accident and put from the towers and walles imbattelled themselves angle-wise in the market-place and in other spacious streets of the citie with this resolution that if they were assaulted in any part they would resist in form of battell But when they saw no man to descend on even ground but to inclose them round about upon the wall fearing lest there would be no way to escape they cast their armes away and fled all to the furthest part of the town Part of them sticking in a throng at the gate were there slain by the souldiers and part being got out of the gate were slain by the horsemen Neither was there any man that looked after pillage but being moved to anger with the slaughter of our men at Genabum and with the travell and labour of those great workes they neither spared old men women nor children In the end of all that number which was about fourty thousand scarce eight hundred that upon the first noise forsook the town came safe to Vercingetorix These he received with great silence being now farre in the night lest any sedition should have grown in the camp through the pity and commiseration of the vulgar people and sent out his familiar friends and chiefest men of each State to meet such as had escaped away and to bring them to their own people as they lay quartered in the camp THE FIRST OBSERVATION WE may see here the saying verified touching the disposition of the Galles for matter of valour which in the beginning seemed so great that it needed no further strain to countervail the worth of Caesars army and was expressed with such industry and resolution both in spoiling and disappointing the Roman works as also by ingenious fortifying and making good their own labours that a man would have deemed them virtute pares equall in valour But being a little spent in the action like a pot that hath a mouth as big as the belly and powreth out all the liquor at an instant they fell at length to that baseness as shewed less spirit then the women did who chose rather to betray their husbands purposes to the enemy then to hazard their lives by escaping to Vercingetorix And this is that which is so often noted by Historiographers Quod multa bella impetu valida per taedia moras evanuere That many warrs which are hot at the first slacken and vanish upon a tedious continuance The first thing that I observe is that which Caesar himself noteth Quod plerumque in summo periculo timor misericordiam non recipit That usually in case of extreme danger fear hath no mercy Which was true on either side For the Galles were so set upon flying to Vercingetorix that they regarded not the wofull laments of the women and children whom they were well content to hazard whilest they themselves might escape in safety And on the other side the women did forget to be pitifull to their husbands whom they would not suffer to escape and leave them in their weakness behind as a prey to appease the wrath of the bloudy souldier which would consequently follow in that escape Which sheweth that there is notice comparable to the bond of nature specially when it concerneth the preservation of life For as in other things respect and affection may easily work a communication of good things unto others as also a participation of their evils for their relief so herein we are altogether senseless and the love we owe to our lives is so great that it admitteth no respect Agesilaus to his friend was without respect a friend and yet notwithstanding being driven one day to remove upon the sudden and to leave one sick behind him whom he loved dearly the sick man calling him by his name as he was going away besought him that he would not forsake him Agesilaus turning back again answered O how hard it is both to love and to be wise according to the saying Sapere amare vix Deo conceditur To be wise and to love God himself can scarce do it THE SECOND OBSERVATION IT is a principle among men of warre not to put necessity upon an enemy nor make him valiant whether he will or no as I have already noted in the former Commentaries which the Romans well observed in this particular service at Avaricum for being possest of the walls they did not suddenly assault them in the market-place where they had made head for their defence but gave them a breathing time the better to understand what they did and respite to bethink themselves of a starting hole for the safety of their lives Which as it was quickly apprehended by the Galles so it made an easie execution to the Roman souldier And as it seemeth it was the more carefully handled in respect of the condition of the enemy being revolters for such Provinces as have rebelled are harder to be recovered after their revolt then they were at first to be subdued For at the first they have no occasion to fear any hard condition but yielding to subjection do look for favour whereas rebels and revolters besides the condition of an enemy are in the nature of offenders and stand in fear of the extremities of warre which maketh them more obstinate then otherwise they would be And therefore it behoveth a Generall not to impose any further necessity upon an enemy then the quality of the warre doth lay upon him which oftentimes is more then can be well avoided CHAP. XIIII Vercingetorix doth comfort the Galles for the loss of Avaricum THe next day calling a Councell he comforted the Galles and exhorted them not to be utterly dismaied with that loss for the Romans had not overthrown them with valour nor in a set battell but with a kind of Art and skill in besieging a town whereof they themselves were ignorant He erred much that looked for all the events of warre to fall out prosperously It was never his opinion that Avaricum should be kept whereof they themselves were witnesses But it fell out by the imprudency of the Bituriges over great indulgence of the rest that this loss happened unto them which notwithstanding he would speedily heal with greater helps For by his diligence he would unite such States unto them as were not yet of the confederacy and make one purpose of all Gallia which the whole world was not able to resist and that he had almost effected it already In the mean time he thought it fit that they should yield unto one thing for their safeties sake which was to fortifie their camp to the end they might better sustain the sudden assaults of the