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A22030 A looking glasse for England VVherein those enormities and foule abuses may most euidentlie be seene, which are the destruction and ouerthrow of euery Christian common-wealth. Likewise, the onely meanes howe to preuent such daungers: by imitating the wholsome aduertisements contayned in thys booke. VVhich sometime was the iewell and delight of the right honourable Lorde and father to his countrey, Fraunces Earle of Bedforde, deceassed.; De duodecim abusivis. English. Lesse, Nicholas.; Augustine, Saint, Bishop of Hippo, attributed name.; Cyprian, Saint, Bishop of Carthage, attributed name. 1590 (1590) STC 84.5; ESTC S118999 17,805 50

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that is without vertue For it profiteth nothing to haue power and authoritie or to rule if the Maister haue not in himselfe the direct and orderlie sway of vertue But this vertue consisteth not so much in the externe and outwarde strength of the bodie which is very requisite and necessarie for such as are worldly Rulers as it is to be exercised in the inward strength in good and vertuous maners For often times a man doth leese the might power to rule thorow the negligence of the inwarde part as it appeared by Eli the Priest 1. Kinges 2 32. Ely was punished for his children who while hée punished not his children with the rigorous and strait rod of iustice when they did sinne God as one that wold be reuenged for their wickednes vpon him sharply punished him as one that consented to their naughtines Three necessary poynts for a Ruler Therefore it is necessarie that Rulers haue these three things in them that is to say terror to be feared good gouernaunce and loue For except the Gouernour be feared and loued his ordinaunce and rule cannot stand Which way a Ruler must get the loue of his subiects Therfore thorow his goodnes and honest familiare conditions let him procure to gette the looue of them which are vnder him and also by iust and discreete punishment Not that he would or shold appeare to reuenge his owne quarrell or iniurie but that the transgression or breaking of the Lawe of God might be punished and so to be had in feare Wherefore while many persons doe depend and hang vpon him hee himselfe must altogether depende and hang vpon God and cleaue onely to him who hath set him in that rule who hath established him and made him to be a stronger man whereby to beare the burdens of many Except the foūdation be good the building decayeth For except a beame be laide fast and sure vpon a stronger thing which is able to beare it all that is laide vppon it shall fall downe yea it selfe also thorowe the very bignesse and waight of it selfe shall fall to the grounde with the burden thereof So a Prince or Ruler except he stick fast to his maker both he himselfe and all that is with him dooth quicklie perrish Promotions do chaunge conditions either to the better or worse There be some who after they be set in authoritie doo become better men and doo cleaue more neere to God then they did before and some are contrariwise thereby made the wurse Example of Moyses and Saule For Moses after hee was made Gouernour of the people he had communication with God more familiarly thē hée had before But Saul the sonne of Cys after he was King thorow his pride and disobedience highly sinned and offended against God Example of king Salomon and Ieroboam King Salomon after he sate in the seate of his Lorde and father King Dauid God encreased made him rich with the gifte of wisedome to gouerne ouer innumerable people And contrariwise after that Ieroboam the seruant of Salomon had vsurped part of the kingdome of the house of Dauid he turned tenne Tribes of the people of Israell which were in the part of Samaria from the true and right worship of God to the wicked and deuillish worshipping of Idols This hath been much seene in our dayes By which examples it is apparant and manifest that some men when they doo come to dignitie doo growe more perfect and better and some againe thorow pride of their aduauncement and rysing vp doo fall and were worse By both the which is to be vnderstood that they which increase in goodnes doo it by the vertue and godly disposition of the mind euē by the onely helpe of GOD and the other that they doo fall by the weakenes of the minde thorow the negligence and small regard they haue to vertue which no mā can haue without the helpe of GOD. Marke well this lesson The man that hath many things vnder him whereof he hath charge hath not the strength and vertue of the mind is no way able to fulfil or performe what he should doo For many things doo bring with thē many troubles and vexations Trust in the Lord he shall nourish thee Therfore let euery man that is a Ruler procure first with all industry of his minde that in all things he may be sure of the helpe of God For if in his dooings hee haue the Lorde and gouernour of all Lords and Gouernours to his helper no man can sette light or despise his ordinaunce rule because there is no power but of God Hee lifteth vp the poore and needie out of the very dunghill and maketh him to sitte with the Princes of his people Likewise hee casteth downe the mightie from their seate exalting them which are meeke and lowlie that all the world might be obedient vnto God and his glory onely exalted The seauenth abuse A Christian man full of brawling and contention Capit. 7. A Most yrksome and pernicious thing is this seauenth abuse which nowe we haue in hande to witte a Christian man full of contention who by faith and baptisme being a partaker and a bearer of the name of Christ dooth against the sayings and minde of Christ delight in pleasures of the world which are transitorie and doo dailie fall alway Whatsoeuer a man loueth it is either for the loue of the thing it selfe loued or for the loue of some other thing got thereby Because all manner of thinges for which a man doth striue doe cause the same strife eyther for the looue that is borne to them beeing a couetous desire for himselfe or for the loue of some other thing which lieth hid vnder an odious and hateful matter As for example warre although it bée odious and an hateful thing yet is it holden and maintained on both sides with a bold and fierce courage for the looue and desire which men haue to winne the victory and for the purchasing of liberty In like manner many other thinges are desired and sought after with contention who may haue them first before another by no lesse hatefull and painefull labour yea and feare then the other which are gotte by most detestable warre The reward of contention is the obteyninge of his purpose for that he loued And therefore a man may perceiue there is no cōtention but for that which is loued that is to say for a louing and a fréendly reward which foloweth to their mind after it is ended Whosoeuer therfore striueth for any manner of thing of this world sheweth euidently and plainlie that he loueth this world How then doth the holy Ghost by the mouth of Saint Iohn forbid that this world shold be loued to whom he saith 1 Iohn 2.15 Loue not the worlde nor the thinges that be in the world The loue of god and of the world are alwayes separated For the loue
A Looking Glasse for Englande VVherein those enormities and foule abuses may most euidentlie be seene which are the destruction and ouerthrow of euery Christian Common-wealth ⸪ Likewise the onely meanes howe to preuent such daungers by imitating the wholsome aduertisements contayned in thys Booke VVhich sometime was the Iewell and delight of the right honourable Lorde and father to his Countrey Fraunces Earle of Bedforde deceassed AT LONDON Printed by Iohn C. for Henry Car and Thomas Butter Anno. Dom. 1590. To the right Honourable Sir Thomas Henage Knight vize Chamberlaine to her excellent Maiesty Treasurer of her royall Chamber and one of her highnesse most honourable priuie Counsell all happines in this life and the fulnesse of felicitie in the life to come hartily wished and prayed for NEedlesse vvere it for me right honourable to trouble your learned eares vvith any friuolous dyscourse concerning the manifolde vertues contained in this little Booke because the vvork sufficiently declares it selfe your iudgment exceedeth my simple demōstration As for the noble man vvho sometime made account of this vvorthy Ievvell and kept it as hath beene knovvn vvith no little care declaring in his ovvn honorable course of life the perfect imitation of so singuler precepts as he vvas generally reputed a fatherlie freend to his Countrey a bright shining star in his Princes Courte Let this christall mirrour vvherein may be seene the liuely shapes of vertue and vice honourable Syr Thomas bee patronized by you for noble Fraunces Earle of Bedfordes sake let this his dailie and hourlie looking glasse be the more welcome to you Manie are the copies in writing hereof secretely deliuered abroade among both noble and other who for the matter it selfe and intire affection to the man while he liued keepe them as the apple of theyr eye and are fearefull to loose such excellent documcnts Long did I trauaile to gette a copie of this famous worke yet all in vaine tyll being sent for to a deere freend of mine that lay vnder the fatherlie correction of God vpō his death bedde and for he had nothing of greater esteeme to leaue his friend albeit he had the blessing of God in some measure gaue mee thys sweete Booke wherof I was more glad than had he giuen mee vvhat terrestrial affectiō to much coueteth Beeing possessed of this noble Bedfordes Iewell vvhose name I honour vvhile I liue for many benefits receiued I coulde not conceale it to my selfe but shewing it to diuers my freendes who dailie desired copies thereof as I my self had doone and finding my selfe vnable to furnish the desire of so many as well to satis-fie them as other vvho I know are in like sort affected I was perswaded to make the same common by impression and so haue doone to their no litle contentment And for your honours forvvard zeale to vertue fauouring all such as are true professors therof as also for defence of this Booke frō wicked detractors I make as humble present therof to your honor that as you are in liuely follower of that vvoorthy Earle and Counseller in life so pray I that your rewarde may be vvith him in the kingdom of Heauen A looking Glasse for Englande VVherein those blemishes and abuses may be perfectly seene which are the destruction and ouerthrowe of euery Christian Common-wealth The first abuse A wise man without works Capit. 1. AMong those seuerall maimes and blemishes in any estate whatsoeuer the first that presenteth it selfe is a wise man or a Preacher without good works that is to say such a one as dooth not worke according to his teaching and to the wisedome which hée deliuereth with his own tongue For the hearers doo despise the good wholsome doctrine if they perceiue that the works of the Preacher do differ from his teaching And the authoritie of the Preacher shall neuer be good except by example of good life hee fasten it in the hart of the hearer especially when the Preacher himselfe is fallen into the loue of sin and will not apply the wholsome salues of other Preachers to his owne woundes The Lorde therefore willing to instruct his Disciples bothe in doctrine and good works taught them how they shold take héede thereunto saying Math. 5.13 If the salt be vnsauorie wherein shall it be made sauorie that is to say if the Preacher be out of the way and doo not as hee ought to doo what Preacher shal bring him in again And if the light that is within thee is become darknes how great then shall the darknes be it self If the eye haue lost the vse and offyce of sight what man can require that same seruice of the hand or foote or any other member of the body Therfore let Preachers take héede that they incur not a sharper vengeance if they be the greater occasion to manie that they doo perrish Example of a wise man without workes For Salomon himselfe while hee did transgresse and worke contrarie to his great wisedome was the cause that by his salt onely the kingdom of all the people of Israell was deuided Wherefore those persons to whom many things are committed haue the greater losse if they bestow not that wel which they haue receiued of their head and Gouernour and therfore he that hath the greater charge shall make the greater answere and reckoning For the seruaunt which knoweth the will of his Maister doth it not shal suffer sharpe scourges and bitter punishments The second abuse An olde man without deuotion and godlie feare Cap. 2. The weaker and more olde a man is in his body the younger and more strong shoulde hee be in his soule THe second staine and shamefull abuse is an olde man that hath no holinesse in him but when the members parts of his body be olde and féeble the limmes of his minde that is to say of the inward man are nothing the stronger It is decent and comelie that olde men shoulde giue themselues to more perfect holines and deuotion then other men whom the florishing time of this world hath not as yet forsaken The example may be gathered in wood that euen as the Trée is accounted naught and euill which after it hath blossomed bringeth forth no good fruite so among men he is a wicked and euill person who when the flower of his youth is past doth not in the olde time of his body bring foorth ripe works of good fruites For what thing can be more ridiculous then a mans mind not to endeuour to attaine strength and perfection when all the parts of his bodie by age are come to defection and ende When his eyes were dimme his eares harde of hearing his heade balde his cheekes withered through lacke of bloode when he beginneth to want his teeth to haue his breath strong and earthlie his breast stuffed with phlegme euermore troubled with the cough and finally whē his legs doo faile vnder him as he goeth by age and swelling with diseases the