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A29507 A commentary on the Canticles or the Song of Salomon wherein the text is analised, the native signification of the words declared, the allegories explained, and the order of the times whereunto they relate observed / by Thomas Brightman ; unto which is added brief notes out of severall expositors of the Revelation touching the rising and fall, progresse and finall destruction of the enemies of the church with some other observations out of divers writers. Brightman, Thomas, 1562-1607. 1644 (1644) Wing B4681; ESTC R19776 96,242 119

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my love untill she please 6 Who is she that commeth up out of the wildernesse like pillars of smoake perfumed with myrrhe and incense and with all the spices of the merchant 7 Behold his bed which is Solomons ● threescore strong men are round about it of the valiant men of Israel 8 They all handle the sword and are expert in war every one hath his sword upon his thigh for the feare by night 9 King Solomon made himselfe a palace of the trees of Lebanon 10 He made the pillars thereof of silver and the pavement thereof of gold the hangings thereof of purple whose mids was paved with the love of the daughters of Ierusalem 11 Come forth ye daughters of Zion and behold the king Solomon with the crown wherewith his mother crowned him in the day of his marriage and in the day of the gladnesse of his heart The Analysis HItherto hath beene spoken of that milder time of the Church after the return from the Captivitie both of the time neere and farther off Now shall be shewed a more troublesome time by the absence of her beloved which in vaine she seeketh in her bed verse 1. in the Citie verse 2. or among the watchmen of the Citie verse 3. but at length she findes and holds him verse 4. and 5. And thus ●ar to the birth of Christ The rest of the time unto his death is as it were an overseeing of the marriage whose preparing is in respect of the Bride verse 6. in respect of the beloved and his bed verse 7. 8. His Litter verse 9. 10. The solemnity of the Marriage which giveth us a King Crowned verse 11. And his love very comely c. Chap. 4. 1 2 3 to the 7. THE EXPOSITION Vers 1. By night on my Bed I sought him whom my soule loveth I sought him but I found him not OF all the space of time untill the break of the day that is to say that day wherein Christ dyed worthy of memory is that night which the Spouse now speaketh of The weaker sort might be afraid lest Christ had altogether forsaken them now they could not finde him to helpe them whom yet they hoped to be neere at hand in the bordering mountaines as is generally shewed in the last verse of the former Chapter This calamity is declared in seeking her beloved which is first begun in her bed in this verse Now her bed is the Temple as before Chap. 1. 16. Our bed is greene This search was made in the night namely when the true worship of God was much obscured and altogether over-whelmed with night-like darknesse The Church therefore complaineth it was such a time wherein true Religion was trodden down so that Christ whom the faithfull thirsted for was no where to be found in his true worship These things then belong to that desolation which Antiochus Epiphanes brought upon them who robbed the Temple forbad Sacrifices offered Swines flesh in the Temple constrained them to worship strange gods compelled them to leave circumcising their children burned their holy Bookes and left no manner of wickednesse unattempted This wofull spectacle Daniel did manifestly declare almost 300. yeeres before Chap. 8. 9 10 c. and 11. 28 29 c. And it is said to be done 1 Maccab. 1. from the 23. verse to the end of the Chapter The Temple was not cast down as by Nebuchaduezzar but wofully deformed and shut up from the true worshippers whence she saith She sought him in the Bed but found him not The Bed remained empty and Christ was gone Vers 2. I will rise now and go about the Citie in the streets and in the broad wayes I with seek him whom my soul loveth I sought him but I found him not The second search which sheweth that Christ was not only absent from the Temple but likewise was not to be found in the holy city If every corner were sought never so diligently there could bee found no footstep of piety The cruelty of Antiochus wrought this effect who after he had sacked the city burnt it with fire overthrew the houses and walls carried away the women and children captives guarded the upper city with murtherers put the citizens to flight and made the city an habitation of strangers c. 1 Macta● 1. 33. 34. 35. and 40. No marvell if among the dregs of such most desperately wicked men her beloved could not be found But what could be more elegantly spoken to foreshew this desolation of the city Vers 3. The watchmen that go about the city found me to whom I said Saw ye him whom my sout loveth She seeking the city in vaine ligh●eth on the watchmen of whom she enquireth of her beloved saying Have ye seen him whom my soul loveth She stayes not till they examine her but begins to question them The watchmen keepers of the city are the holy Priests who as much as they may hold fast keep the truth in these dark times And are ●aid to have found the Church wavering being driven from her seates The chief of these were Mattathias the father of the Maccabees and his sons who valiantly answered the Kings servant requiring them to sacrifice If all Nations fell away from the worship of their elders yet be a●d his children and brethren would walk in the Covenant of their eld●rs and not transgresse their worship to the right hand or to the left 1. Macca 2. 19. 20. Such faithfull men then found the Church which yet gave her no answer they were so astonished as their silence here declareth Vers 4. It was but a little that I passed from them but I found him whom my soul loveth I held him and would not let him go untill I had brought him into my mothers house and into the chamber of her that conceived me Now she departeth from the high priests and governours of the city getting no comfort of them at that time suffering with the rest a common destruction But going a little from them she chanceth on him whom she should have whereby is taught that the Church did not long lie in these miseries but was in short time delivered from those chastisements Neither was this comfort vain but at length fully shewed by Iudas Maccabeus 1. Mach 4. 47. In the 142. yeer of the reigne of the Greekes Antiochus began to afflict Iudea In the thr●e and forty yeer he spoiled the Temple Af●er two whole yeers he took away the daily sacrifice and all divine worship for the time 1. Maca. 1. 21. 30. 47. In the eight and fortieth yeer the nineth moneth were the holy houses purged and divine worship restored again 1. Mach. 4 52. 53. c Now was her beloved found and brought into the house of her mother For we have him present with us as long as we keep his publike worship or as often as we recover it being lost wherein he hath promised to shew himselfe to his These darknesses for the time they lasted
the worship of God before all Wine Psal 122. 1. The King himself likewise in the sweetnes●e of singing a figure of the Bridegroom with diligence and desire of Religion one of the company of the faithfull did not he desire one thing of the Lord that he might dvvell in the house of the Lord all the dayes of his life Psal 27. 4. He manifestly confirmeth the Law of the mouth of God to be betteer to him then many thousands of Gold and silver And his judgements to be sweeter then hony to his mouth Psal 119. 72. 103. Vers 2. Because of the savour of thy good ointments thy name is as an oyntment poured out Therefore the virgins love thee Here with an elegant Periphrasis is set forth the consi●eration of the name of the Bridegroom from the effects whose force is weak●ed by the similitude For the sence is Thy name is an oyntment poured out very well answering to the smell of thy oyntments Oyntments signifie the gifts of the spirit and the smell of these gifts is that fruit and sweetnesse which is received by the Communication of them Now whereas the Church publisheth the oyntments of the Bridegroome it properly pertaineth unto Christ which is a most replenished treasury of the inf●nitn●sse of all graces Yet it is not to be doubted but here together with Christ David his type may also be beholden who being repleni●hed with great abunda●ce of most divine graces breathed out their sweetnesse to Gods people which he governed He was a man after Gods own hear by whose example the Kings following are commended He was ordain●d to be the a●nointed of the God of ●acob 2. Sam. 23. 1. God annointing him with his holy oyl Psal 89 21. Neither was it without cause ●hat he was three times anointed First privatly by Samuel secondly by his own Tribe thirdly by all Israel whereas the other Kings were only anoynted but once Whence that name is worthily given him Psal 2. 2. The Kings of the earth stand up and the rul●rs take counsell together against the Lord and against his anointed Wherefore in these words Solomon de●l●reth the happinesse of those times which had a King so well furnished with all the gifts of the spir●t The virgins are the citizens of the Church that people of God which obeyed his government who therfore loved his Ki●g exce●dingly because they saw him anoynted of God and enr●●hed with sucn notable and excellent gifts The love of the virgins first shewed it self when Saul persecuted David ●econdly in his two yee●s wars with Ishbosheth and thirdly in Absolons conspiracie when the true citizens divinely smelling the Odour of the annointed King could not be terrified by any dangers from ●leaving to him with firme minde● So short but lively is the image of the Church in Davids raigne Notable in kisses In the figurative M●ssias In the peoples desire of those kisses and the love of the virgins in the true Subjects a most happy Kingdom wherein these four reigned Vers 3. Draw me we will run after thee The King hath bro●ght me into his Chambers we will reioyce and be glad in thee we will remember thy love more then wine the righteous do love thee In this one little verse Solomon intreateth of the Church during his raigne whose whole condition is divided into sixe members First the King drawing by his example and the spirit working together in the faithfull The first authority of his raigne began with the published meeting at Gibeon 2. Chro. 1. 2. Of what force was this attraction There followed most calme peace such abundance of wealth as no where the like wisedome almost more then mortall Glory which amazed all other Kings and which exceeded all a beholding next unto God These were enough to have drawn the most unwilling But the people followed willingly We will run say they after thee Secondly here is taught that the people drawn by the Kings example do flie with a swift course He commanded the meeting at Gibeon they flocked thither in great troopes 1 Chro. 1. 13. Thirdly the chamber whereinto the Bride is brought was that most magnificent Temple built by Solomon This house is the inner chamber nay rather the couch and Bed as it is afterward called wherein the Bridegroom converseth with the Bride most familiarly whither Solomon brought the Church when for her sake he built and adorned it so beautifully and especially by drawing the people into the Temple on the day wherein he dedicated the house going before them with sacrifices prayer and thanksgiving as 1. Kings 8. through the whole chapter Fourthly and fiftly is declared how joyfull all the people were of those things so happily begun and continued for many yeers Lastly he saith the upright love thee But why doth he mention the upright as though there were any in those times whose hearts were not sincere and sound verily he seemeth by these words to passe over privily those blessed times to a sorrowfull falling away We know how grievously Solomon fell in the last yeers of his reigne by bringing in strange wives 1. King 11. His heart was not found towards the Lord but he followed Ashtaroth and M●lcom and built an high place for Chemosh and Molech But did not many of his flattering courtiers run before whither they saw the King ready to decline But the faithfull and upright in heart remained firm in the truth howsoever destitute of the Kings authority Here then we may behold the beginning and middle of his raigne very pleasant The King leading the people following The Temple built m●st magnificently the great mirth and rejoycing of all m●n But the most part in the end were defiled yet the love of the upright was constant though many fell away to Idolatrie Vers 4. I am black but comely O ye daughters of Jerusalem as the Tents of Kedar as the Curtains of Solomon Having spoken before of the flourishing est●te of the Church now the withering age followeth which is wholly propheticall and so are all the rest which follow Brightnesse and light are tokens of mirth and gladnes and are so used in the Scriptures Black and darknesse are applied to griefe and mourning And truely there hapned mournfull times presently ●fter Solomon when his son Rehoboam by an undiscreet answer drave ten Tribes from the Church No marvell then if she mourned in black a matter so full of offence that it might make the strongest to stagger and the weak to fall altogether wherefore least any should split his ship against this Rock the whole rage of that time is not described in a word as before but in full five verses He beginneth at the falling away of the Tribes where a great alteration hapned aswell in the Church as in the Kingdome The Church affairs are first declared briefly in this verse afterward severally in the 6 7. and 8. verses The state of the Kingdome in the 9. verse As concerning the briefe explication The Church confesseth
dangers then the deepest sleep that is Herod making use of this night endeavoured most wickedly his destruction But the Angel one of the mighties of Israel warning Joseph to flie with the childe into Egypt delivered him from the jawes of Herod and the cruell slaughter of the Bethlehemites Truly this bed was better guarded then Salomons Vers 9. King Salomon made himself a Chariot of the wood of Lebanon Such was the bed Now followeth a description of the Chariot in this and the next verse The bed was enough to shew what did belong to private use but by this Chariot is declared with what Majesty he would shew himself to the multitude The King made this Chariot for himself alone although the dignity th●reof belongeth to the Spouse also The generall matter of it is wood of Lebanon whereof likewise the Temple was built 1 King 5. 6. Other things that concern the beauty of it are mentioned in the verse following where yee shall see the application of the Prophecie Vers 10. He made the Pillars thereof of silver the bottome thereof of gold the covering of it of purple the midst thereof being paved with love for the daughters of Jerusalem Such was Salomons stately Chariot wherein hee was wont to be carried in publique whose beautifull and glorious structure is here declared to expresse that high and incomprehensible excellencie of Christs humane nature for this was that triumphall Chariot wh●ch he built for himself of the wood of Lebanon conceived in the womb of Mary of N̄azareth of Galile at the foot of Lebanon that rightly the matter may be said to be taken from thence whence his humanity was built up or framed yet he made this Chariot for himself not begotten by the company of man but by vertue of the most High overshadowing the Virgin Whose pillars were silver the seats were gold the coverings purple all the frame from head to foot most pure most precious most divine and within the ground and pavement and that which was as it were the foundation to all the rest of the frame was wholly love of the daughters of Ierus●lem he had them drawne with the needle or rather ingraven in his heart and bowels seeing for his elects sake only he made him this Chariot of humanity wherein he would openly be carried in the sight of the world for men to behold him Vers 11. Go forth O yee daughters of Sion and behold King Salomon with the Crown wherewith his mother crowned him in the day of his espousals and in the day of the gladnesse of his heart It seemeth here it was the custome for parents at such a solemnity to bestow some singular ornament upon their children and that Bathsheba bestowed this Crown on Salomon when he married Pharaohs daughter though the Scripture speak not of it for David was dead before But it shall better appeare in the new Salomon then in the Type For the Crown which the daughters of S●on are commanded to behold is that great glory which the Father gave the Sonne entring into his office testifying from heaven This was that his beloved Sonne in whom he was well pleased And likewise annoynting him above his fellowes by the Spirit himself descending in a visible shape and resting on him Matth. 3. 16 17. The Church whose husband he is and by some reason her sonne as we have seen before put this Crown on his head by acknowledging him to be King and Head of the Church The Sonne of God the Lambe which took away the sins of the world the Messias himself who had all power in heaven and in earth and whom the faithfull sought and obtained of him to be dispossessed of devils healed of diseases and a remedy in all their troubles It was manifest what opinion they held of him and of what incomprehensible Majesty indeed he was All the time from the beginning of his office until his passion was the day of his espousalls or marriage as he hath taught himself calling his Disciples the children of the wedding chamber and himself the Bridegroome Matth. 9. 15. and by the Parable of a certain King which made a M●r●iage for his son Mat. 22. 2 c. This was the day of the gladnesse of his heart when with a ready and willing minde he earnestly indeavoured to effect all those things which belong to our salvation that hee preferred the care thereof before meat and all other necessaries of his life John 4. 32. The daughters of Jerusalem should not be moved with this glory but only the daughters of Sion the Citizens and free Denizens of the City of the heavenly Ierusalem these moved with the divine beauty and excellencie of this King and Crown should slock unto him every where by heaps making the hypoc●●tes afraid lest all men should believe in him Iohn 11. 48. CHAP. IIII. 1 BEhold thou art fair my love behold thou art fair thine eyes are like the doves among thy locks thine hair is like the flock of goats which look down from the mountain of Gilead 2 Thy teeth are like a flock of sheep in good order which go up from the washing which every one bring out twins and none is barren among them 3. Thy lips are like a thread of skarlet and thy talke is comely thy temples are within thy locks as a piece of a pomegranate 4 Thy neck is as the tower of David built for defence a thousand shields hang therein and all the targets of the strong men 5 Thy two breasts are as two young roes that are twins feeding among the lillies 6 Untill the day break and the shadowes flee away I will go into the mountain of myrrhe and to the mountain of incense 7 Thou art all fair my love and there is no spot in thee 8 Come with me from Lebanon my spouse even with me from Lebanon and look from the top of Amanah from the top of Shenir and Hermon from the dens of the lions and from the mountains of the leopards 9 My sister my spouse thou hast wounded mine heart thou hast wounded mine heart with one of thine eyes and with a chain of thy neck 10 My sister my spouse how fair is thy love how much better is thy love then wine and the savour of thine oyntments then all spices 11 Thy lips my spouse drop as honey combs honey and milk are under thy tongue and the savour of thy garments is as the savour of Lebanon 12 My sister my spouse is as a garden inclosed as a spring shut up and a fountain sealed up 13 Thy plants are as an orchard of pomegranates with sweet fruits as camphire spikenard 14 Even Spik●nard and saffron calamus and cinamon with all the trees of incense myrrhe and aloes with all the chief spices 15 O fountaine of the gardens O well of living waters and the springs of Lebanon 16 Arise O North and come O South and blow on my garden that the spices thereof may flow out let my welbeloved