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A50251 The summe of certain sermons upon Genes. 15.6 vvherein not only the doctrine of justification by faith is asserted and cleared, and sundry arguments for justification before faith, discussed and answered : but also the nature and the meanes of faith, with the imputation of our sins to Christ, and of Christs righteousness to us are briefly explained and confirmed / preached at Dorchester in New-England by Richard Mather ... ; and now by him published at the earnest request of sundry well-affected and Godly Christians. Mather, Richard, 1596-1669. 1652 (1652) Wing M1276; ESTC W18271 50,747 60

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then my self Hest. 6. 6. But they that are believers indeed have many times need to be comforted concerning their justification and therfore the Lord speaks so earnestly to his Prophets Isai 40. 1 2. Comfort ye comfort ye my people and say unto Ierusalem that her iniquity is pardoned intimating therby that his people have sometimes need yea much need to be cōforted cōcerning the pardon of their sins their justificatiō For though they be believers and their sinns pardoned and their persōs justified in Christ yet somtimes they can scarce believe themselves to be so happy as Job though he had called and God had answered him yet would scarcely believe that God had harkned to his voyce Job 9. 16. And David though Nathan had told him that the Lord had put away his sinn and ●…t hee should not dy 2 Sam 12. yet he is not so q●…ickly perswaded so easily satisfied touching this point but that after this he still prayes cryes for pardon Psal. 51. as if he had never heard those words of the Prophet And as the children of God have many times need to be comforted touching this point so the ministry of the word is a means of Gods ordayning for the comforting of them Isai 57. 29. 1 Thes. 3. 2. Isai 40. 1 2. and therfore to comfort them concerning their justification must not be looked at as a needless labour If God do give them faith and therby do justifie them and pardon their sins why do they not know it and how commeth it to pass that they are pardoned justified in heaven and not in their own consciences also This commeth to pass 1 To shew that not only faith forgivness but even comfort it self is the free gift of God and depends not necessarily infallibly so on faith repentance c but that these may be and yet there be little comfort joy at least for a time And therfore it is that God is called the God of comfort 2 Cor 1. 3. and his spirit the Comforter Iohn 14. 15. 16. and God is said to be hee that speaks peace unto his people Psal. 85. 8. all to shew that peace and comfort and joy are blessings the dispencing wherof the Lord hath reserved in his own hand According to that Job 34. 29. when hee giveth quietness who can make trouble and when he hideth his face who can behould him 2 It thus cōmeth to pass that the godly may feel the smart bitterness of sin the more and so be more deeply humbled in sence therof 3 That they may be more watchfull afterward If David like his broken bones and his roaring all the day long c then let him be bold to be tampering with sin again But by this meanes God keeps his children from turning again to folly they know what it hath cost them before and they will no more buy the pleasure of it so dear 4 That they may learn to be the more pittyfull to others in the like distresses as Christ must suffer be tempted that he might succour them that are tempted Heb 2. 17 18. 5 That they might afterwards more heartily and chearfully prayse and laud the Lord as they that have been in deep afflictions and are delivered out of the same Psal. 107 6 Lastly this commeth to pass through the difficulty and supernaturall way of believing Naturall conscience expects justification by works and therfore hath much adoe to close with mercy in a way of free grace Faith is not like other graces dutyes which have some though obscure footsteps in the naturall dictates of conscience as to worship God love God c Rom 2. 14. but faith is wholly supernatural Math 16. 17. so that Adam in his innocency knew not this way of believing in and trusting to the righteousness of a Redeemer mediator As Christ the object of faith is only by divine revelation no counsell of men or Angels could ever have devised such a way of justification so faith it self as the organ and instrument to apply this righteousness is not by humane light but wholly from above And faith being thus supernatural it is therfore the more difficult not only to be attained but also to be discerned How then may faith justification be known that one may have the comfort of the same It is good for a man to examine himself by the trialls before mentioned from the principall efficient the instrumental means the object the subject and the effects of faith But withall it is needfull to pray for the illumination of Gods spirit which is able to clear up our faith and our justification by faith but without this it will never be satisfyingly discerned known For it is the Spirit that sheddeth abroad the love of God into our hearts Rom 5. 5. witnesseth that we are the children of God Rom 8 16. sealeth believers to the day of redemption Ephe. 1. 13. 4. 30. and enables us to know the things that are freely given us of God 1 Cor 2. 12. Two things concerning justification have been spoken unto already viz the chief author or efficient of it which is the Lord and the instrumental cause or means of it which is faith In the next place wee are to consider of the third and last particular here expressed and that is the forme or manner of it and that is by imputing accounting or reckoning He counted it to him for righteousness VVhence the Doctrine is That As justification is from God as the Author of it and by faith as the instrument or means of it so for the forme or manner of it it is by accounting reckoning or imputing I name these three English words as our english tongue useth them all though they all import the same thing one the same word in the originall being somtimes englished by one of them and somtimes by another Now for the farther opening of this point it is to be observed that there are three things which are said to be imputed or not imputed in this matter of justification Sin Faith Righteousness First of all Sinn and of this the Scripture phrase is negative that sin is not imputed when a man is justified This expression of the not imputing of sin is found in such scriptures as these Rom 4. 8. Psal. 32. 2. 2 Cor 5. 19. in which places the Holy-Ghost speaks of justification In like sort is the word used 2 Sam 19. 19. and in that of Paul 2 Tim: 4. 16. where he prayeth that their sin that forsook him in his appearing before the Emperour might not be laid to their charge or not imputed unto them for it is the same word that is often englished imputed in Rom 4. So this phrase importeth that when the soul is justified his sin is not accounted imputed 〈◊〉 reckoned to him at all in the sight of God but he stands clear before him as if he had
righteous then neither was he nor can any other be accounted righteous before believing But the former of these is abundantly restified in the Scriptures of truth Rom 3. 22 23 30. 4. 2 3 22 23. Galla 2. 16. and therfore the latter is true also We may be Iustified before faith yet be said to be justified by faith namely declaratively faith declaring assuring to us that wee are justifyed before we are said to be Iustified by faith because we know by faith that we are Iustified This cannot be the meaning of that saying we are justified by faith For 1 Then we may in that sence be said to be Iustified by any other grace as well as by faith yea by works of grace as well as by faith because these are evidences of our Iustification witness 1 Iohn 2. 3 4 29. 3. 7 10 14. James 2. 14. c For example by love to the bretheren wee know wee are translated from death to life and so are Iustified shall any man now say that wee are Iustified by love to the brethren that were directly to contradict the Scripture which saith we are not Iustified by works And yet if to be Iustified mean no more but to know we are Iustified then we may say indeed that we are Iustified by works which the Apostle doth so plainly largely gainsay And therfore to be justified by faith hath a farther meaning then only that we are Iustified 2 By the like reason we might say that the world was created by faith which were a very absurd saying and yet it is most true that by faith we understand or kn●… that the world was created by the word of God Heb 11. 3. And by the like reason wee might say that wee are Elected by faith for by saith wee may understād and know our election The sum●… is though by faith we know our election the creation yet it were an improper speech and such as the Scripture never useth to say we are elected by faith or that the world was created by faith and in like sort it we●…e an improper speech and such as the Scripture would never have used to say wee are Iustified by faith if no 〈◊〉 had been ment hereby but only the knowledg of our Iustificat●…on God just●… the ungodly Rom 4. 5. and therfore such as have not faith That doth not follow 1 Because that very text saith these ungodly ones d●…d 〈◊〉 and that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2 This exp●…sition of the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 God I●…tifieth to 〈◊〉 it of unbelievers is d●…tly 〈◊〉 to the Scripture which say that God Iustifieth those that do 〈◊〉 and have ●…aith Rom 3. 26 28 30. Acts 13. 39. and none others John 3. 18. 3 The ungodly one in this text is one that hath not fulfilled the righteousness of the Law and so to justifie the ungodly is no more but to justifie without the works of the Law or not by works which may be and yet not without faith 4 If wee shall extend the wo●…d further then we must not take that saying in sensu composito but in sensu diviso that is not that he is now when God ju●…es 〈◊〉 so ●…godly as to be without faith but that he was so heretofore thou●…h now God hath given him more grace As when it is said the la●…e man shall leap as an Hart and the dumb sing the blind s●… the deaf hear Isai 35. 6. Luke 7. 22. No man must herupon imagin that they did these things while they so remayned for that was utterly imposible that a lame man should leap as an Hart whilest he remained lame or a dumb man sing whilest he still remayned dumb and so of the rest but the meaning is they that were once lame dumb deaf should afterward be inabled to leap sing see hear these acts should be performed by such as had been such as is mentioned though now they were not such Wee may as well conclude from these texts that blind men may see while they continue blind so of the rest as t●… conclude from the text in hand that an ungodly man an unbeliever 〈◊〉 justified of God whilest he is an ungodly man an unbeliever When some rich man marryeth a poor beggar we say he married one that had scarce raggs to her back but the meaning is not that he married her in her raggs but bestowed on her fitting apparrell and so married her So God justifies the ungodly such as had neither faith nor any other grace but the meaning is not that he justifies them in their unbelief but bestows the grace of faith upon them and then Iustifies them In believing we do not believe an untruth but a truth and therefore it is a truth that we are Iustified afore we do believe It is true indeed that a man must be Iustified before hee can rightly believe himself to be Iustified but not before he believe on Christ for Iustification or unto righteousness A man can not rightly believe that he 〈◊〉 Iustified before he be Iustified for then he should therin believe a falshood nor can he be Iustified afore he do believe on Ch●…st for Iust●…cation The Scripture speakes little of man believing himself to be Iustified but much of bebelieving on Christ that he might be justified Gal 2. 16. Rom 20. 10. Now to believe on Christ is not an assurance or perswasion of being Iustified already but is that act of the soul of the will especially wherby a man comes to Christ receiveth Christ relyes on Christ chuseth Christ c that in him he might be justified and saved And when this is done then there is room for that other belief or perswasion of being Iustified already but not before according to that Ephe. 1. 13. after ye believed ye were sealed with that holy spirit of promise To beleive a mans self to be in a good and Iustified estate afore he have received Christ by faith what is it but the vain presumption carnal confidence of poor deluded soules as if a woman should perswade her self of title interest to a wealthy mans estate yet was never married to him Therfore afore a man can believe aright that he is justified he must first be united and married to Christ by believing on him and then therby he shall be justified indeed and so he may safely believe his justification All Gods people were justified when Christ made satisfaction for their sinns by his death resurrection Rom 4. 25. h●…e was raysed again for our ●…stification Now this was above 1600 years agoe and therfore long afore our believing It is true the death resurrectiō of Christ was long afore our believing and afore we were born into the world But what shall be said to Abram Isaak Jacob David and the rest of the Saints that lived long afore the Incarnation of Christ It can not be denyed but that they
faith which they have is but a temporary faith at the best and such as will not continue because the stoniness of the heart hath not been removed by the work of Gods spirit in conviction contrition humiliatiō Math 13. 5 6 20 21. And from this it is that so many professors do so fearfully fall away that one becomes a meer worldling an other falls to profaneness loose living another turns opinionist drinking in the poyson of some pernicious tenent all this apostacy is because they never were believers in truth for then they should not have fallen away and why were they not believers in truth even from hence because the stoutness stoniness of their hearts was never taken away Oh therfore all you that are professors of the Gospel and think ye do believe examin well your selves upon this point of true humiliation for if there you be not right your faith is not right nor will it hold out and continue in the day of tryall 4 A fourth triall may be taken from the object of faith and there is to be considered the object of faith quae justificat and qua 〈◊〉 which doth justifie and as it doth justifie In the former respect the object of ●…aith is the whole word of God Acts 24. 14. what God can speak it can doth believe when it knowes it ●…o be spoken of God which discovers the faith of many to be 〈◊〉 because though they say they b●…lieve the promises yet th●…y believe not the comm●…ndements for then they would obey t●…em and ass●…nt to them with their whole hearts nor do they bel●…eve the threatning ●…or then they d●…rst not so securely continue in sin but would surely tremble be afraid because of them as Psal. 119. 12●… Isai 66. 2 5. Holy David did 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Com●… 〈◊〉 Psal. 119 66. and so did blessed Paul confessing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be ●…y and the Commandement to be holy just and g●… and such as he delighted in Rom 7. 12 22. As for them that can not endure to be ruled by the Law the Commandements of it nor to be awed by its threatnings their faith is not sound as not believing the whole word of God though they pretend a belief of that part which consists of promises In the latter respect the object of faith is Christ only and his righteousness Hee is that blessed promised seed that is chiefly intended in the promise to Abram and which his faith did mainly look at John 8. 56. and is the object of true faith as it doth justifie save Acts 16. 31. Joh. 3. 16 36. Therfore where there is this faith there will be many thoughts of Christ many desires after him many longings for him an high prizing of him to count him precious 1 Pet. 2. 6 7. the cheifest of ten thousands Cant 5. 10. A pea●…l treasure worthy to bee bought with the sale of all that ever a man hath Math 13. 44 46. and that all other things are but loss and dung in comparison of this Christ and his righteousness Phil. 3. 7 8 9. Therfore where the soul scarce ever thinks of Christ or doth not much esteem him and prize him or not so esteem him as to co●…nt health wealth freinds liberty life it self and all a mans own righteousness and what ever can be named amongst creatures to be all nothing in comparison of this Lord Jesus Christ there we may be well assured that as yet there is not any faith Luke 14. 26. 5 Lastly Such an excellent grace as faith can not be without many excellent effects fruits such as are Humility Purity Love weanedness from the world the like First for Humility a soul that is lifted up with high conceits of its self is destitute of faith for such a frame and true faith are quite contrary inconsistant Hab 2. 4. therfore the text saith the soul of such an one is not upright in him Look at them that have been most eminent in faith as David Paul the Centurion the woman of Canaan and we shall find they have ever been low-thoughted of themselves Psal. 131. 1 2. Eph. 3. 8. 1 Tim: 1. 15. 1 Cor 15. 9. Math 8. 〈◊〉 Math 15. 27. For Purity faith doth fetch such vertue from the blood and spirit of Christ and the pro●…ise as doth so purifie the heart Acts 15. 9. 26. 18. that it can not allow of any sin but unfainedly hates it all Rom 7. 15. and loves holyness Psal. 119. 5 97. And for weanedness from the world the example of Moses in notable who by his faith ref●…sed all the pleasures profits and preferments of Pharaohs Court preferring the society of the saints and the very rebuke of Christ before them all Heb 11. 25 26. And therfore it is said that faith is the victory that overcomes the world 1 John 5. 4. So that by it the heart is preserved from being too much discouraged when worldly comforts are wanting 1 Sam 30. 6. Hab 3. 17 18. and taught so much the more to draw neer to God at such times Psal. 56. 3. 109. 4. Lastly this faith doth so work by love Gal. 5. 6. and love wee know is the fulfilling of the Law Rom 13. 10. that where there is this faith there can not but be obedience to all the will of God Heb 11. 8. c and the more faith the more obedience and the more good works wheras a faith that hath not works is dead no better then the saith of Divels Jam 2. 19 20. If now upon examination triall a man shall find himself without faith oh then let such an one bewayl his condition and seek unto God for this precious faith in the use of such meanes as were mentioned in the precedent use But if it shall be found upon d●…e and serious 〈◊〉 to be otherwise then let such a man bee unfeynedly thankfull comfortable that shall be the next use For if justification be by faith then they that truely believe can never be sufficiently thankfull inasmuch as now they are counted just righteous in the sight of God Consider either the contrary to this justified estate or the thing it self and wee shall see there is in it marvello●…s great cause to be thankfull and rejoyce For the former let these particulars be minded 1 That it is amongst the greatest of miseryes when a man shall be without the forgivness of his sinns So much is manifest by the lamentations of the godly who have greatly lamented this thing Psal. 90. 8. Job 7. 20 21. As also by the Imprecations against the wicked against whom it is wished as the greatest evill that the●…r sinns migh●… not be covered nor blotted out Nehe. 4. 5. Psal. 109. 14. The Com●…inations also of God do shew the same for it is threatned denounced against men as one of the sorest of evill●… that their sinns shall ly down with them in the dust