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love_n	day_n	great_a	time_n	3,379	5	3.3867	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A01289	An historicall collection of the continuall factions, tumults, and massacres of the Romans and Italians during the space of one hundred and twentie yeares next before the peaceable empire of Augustus Cæsar Selected and deriued out of the best writers and reporters of these accidents, and reduced into the forme of one entire historie, handled in three bookes. Beginning where the historie of T. Liuius doth end, and ending where Cornelius Tacitus doth begin.	Fulbecke, William, 1560-1603?.	1601 (1601)	STC 11412; ESTC S102772	89,977	230

seemed to be grieued with the torture of M. Marius O extreme punisher of pittie and compassion to whome it seemed a crime not to consent to crueltie Neither did he spare the dead for the ashes of C. Marius the elder he caused to be raked out of the graue and throwne into a riuer Sylla whilest he sought the victorie was to the Romanes a Scipio whilst he vsed it a very Mithridates Many other bloudsheds he did commit and more would he haue committed had not the terrour of a guiltie conscience followed him with the blazing brand of his vexed soule which torment some cal an ecstasie some melancholie some madnesse but I denying it to be any one of these allow it to be all these doubtlesse it is a thing sooner felt thē known not to be auoided by medicine but by true felicitie In this perplexitie he died and yet ceassed not the ciuill or rather vnciuil and vnbrotherly discord thus was Rome the famous citie of Europe the mother and nurce of worthie Senators the miracle of nations the epitomie of the world the kingdome of Mars and the seauenheaded soueraigne of many prouinces exceedingly shaken with these quarrels stained with these bloudsheds and grieuously discomforted with the death of her children her babes were brought foorth for the sword to glut vpon the bodies of her ancients were made as pauements to walk vpō her matrons became a pray and prize to euery rauisher her priests and deuoute sacrificers were slaine before the gates of the temples Syllaes bodie was conueied in sumptuous manner to Campus Martius in which place before the buriall the two Consuls namely M. Aemilius Lepidus and Q. Luctatius Catulus did earnestly debate about the repealing and cancelling of the acts and decrees of Sylla Lepidus vrged that they who were proscribed by Sylla ought incontinent to be reduced to the citie and there to haue restitution of their goods Catulus together with the Senate defended the contrarie saying that though his motion were good and honest yet it might be the beginning of some tumult which would be most daungerous if it were suddenly done because the common-weale was but newly recomforted and had as yet enioyed but a short pause of tranquilitie By this dissention they fell to weapons Cn. Pōpeius and Q. Catulus hauing gathered an armie did proffer battell to Lepidus and in a light skirmish ouercame him Not long before the death of Sylla Q. Sertorius rising in armes maintained warre in Spaine for when he saw that the faction of Marius which he specially fauoured was vtterly defeated and dissipated by L. Sylla he fled presently into Spaine where before he had bene Pretor there hauing gathered a great host and contriued an huge nauie fearing lest Sylla who had put Carbo to flight and slaine Marius should send an armie against him he caused Liuius Salinator his Lieutenant to encampe in the mountaines of Pyraeneum but he was afterward slaine by C. Anius the Romane Proconsul who was sent thither to abate the courage of Sertorius and after him Q. Metellus was also sent but their proceedings were not prosperous VVherefore Cn. Pompeius being as yet a priuate man had charge giuen him of the Senate to go into Spaine There came at that time for the aide and assistance of Sertorius M. Perperna with a great multitude of souldiers Cn. Pompeius made way for himselfe through the Alpes betwixt the famous springs of Padus and Rhodanus He immediatly after his coming into Spain did enter into conflict with two of Sertorius his captaines Herennius and Perperna and not farre from the citie of Talentia ouercame them Herennius was there slaine Perperna escaped by flight Pompey did passe the winter in the Pyrenae an mountaines Sertorius in Lusitania and at the beginning of the spring Metellus and Pompeius did encounter with seuerall armies Sertorius and Perperna in which battell Sertorius constrained Pompey to fly and Metellus draue Perperna to the like extremitie Pōpey was at that time wounded in the thigh afterward they met againe at Seguntia where Sertorius did the second time ouerthrow Pompey and Metellus Perperna the third time when Sertorius was coming against Metellus Pompey meeting him in the way caused him to retire Sertorius did againe oppose himselfe to Pompey Hauing taking Segida a noble citie of Celtiberia where Sertorius lost a thousand souldiers Pompey as many then they turned thēselues to the besieging of townes Pompey did besiege Palantia but Sertorius did raise the siege and of them which besieged Caliguriū he did slay three thousand Metellus and Pōpeius with great stoutnesse stomacke took many cities that were leagued with Sertorius and at Ilerda and Iliosca the townes of the Ilergitanes they put Sertorius to a desperate plunge but Caligurium the citie of the Vascons he did with much prowesse puissance defend Sertorius was like to Iugurth in his fight and in his fortune not vnlike to him the exploits and stratagemes of them both were singular and admirable but their end and last euent was miserable and mournefull Iugurtha was taken by treacherie Sertorius by the treason of M. Antonius and M. Perperna his captaines was slaine as he was sitting at a bāquet in the eight yeare of his rebellion his empire was presently transferred to M. Perperna whome Pompey ouercame tooke prisoner and put to death and in the tenth yeare after the beginning of this warre he tooke Spaine The Romanes were in these times busied molested in Italie by certaine fencers or sword players trayned vp in a shadowed fight vnder the gouernment of Lentulus but defying their maister and stirred with an hellish humor to seate themselues in the highest thrones of honor for as fire is to gunpowder so is ambition to the heart of man which if it be but touched with self-selfe-loue mounteth aloft and neuer bēdeth downward till it be turned to ashes they raunged themselues and drew to their ensignes a great multitude offorlorn men For in processe of time their armie did encrease to fourescore thousand and moe The leaders were Spartacus Enomans and Crixus who making great spoile and saccage in Italie at length imbattelled themselues vpon the mountaine Vesurius Against them were sent Clodius Glaber and Publius Varinius but their armies were suddenly by these enemies discomfited therefore the yeare next ensuing C. Lentulus and L. Gellius Consuls and Q. Arrius the Praetor prepared against them Crixus one of these rebellious captaines was together with his whole armie vtterly ouerthrowne but Spartacus in whome was more vigor of sinewes courage and counsell conducting his souldiers from the Apennine mountaine to the Alpes and from the Alpes into France was at the first enforced to retire by one of the Consuls by the other to flye But afterward hauing animated surueyed and marshalled his men he did suddenly turne backe vpon the Consuls gaue them battell in seuerall places ouercame them was marching toward Rome there to possesse himself of

free from the daunger of the rolle And whereas many things were done in the tumults and seditions of the citizens against law and custome by Lepidus and Antonius he did repeale them by an Edict and made his sixth Consulship which he then enioyed to be the death-death-day of these lawes by which meanes when he had worthily drawne vnto him the hearts of the people yet in one thing he pleased them aboue the rest which was done rather of pollicie thē of plaine meaning for hauing singled out a great number of Senators whose loue toward him was specially approued in a very frequent Senate he did offer to surrender the Empire into the hands of the Senators and people But some of the Senators because they suspected that his wordes differed from his meaning some because they did feare greater daunger by a popular estate others because they feared his displeasure if they should agree vnto it they did with one voice refuse the offer and ioyned in earnest sute and humble petition vnto him that he would be the sole gouernour and absolute Emperour of Rome and for that cause they did decree that the stipēd of those who did guard his person should be doubled that he might be in more safetie by that meane both to his friends and to the cōmonweale VVhen by the franke assent of the Senate and people he had thus not confirmed the auncient Empirie but in deed created a new Monarchie that he might seeme popular he was content to charge him selfe with the weightie affaires of the Empire but the authoritie and dignitie thereof he did cōmunicate with the people and therefore vnto the Senate and people he did allot Numidia Asia Graecia Epirus Dalmatia Macedonia Sicilia Creta Cyrene Bythinia Pontus Sardinia and Hispania Betica which were the more peaceable and quiet countries To himselfe he tooke the other parts of Spaine and all Fraunce Narbonensis Lugdunensis Aquitanica Celtica likewise Germania Coelosyria Phoenicia Cyprus and Aegypt And that he might void out of their minds all suspition of Monarchie the supreme authoritie that was assigned to him he did only restraine to ten yeres continuance The Romanes did bestow diuerse honors vpon Caesar planting before the doore of his Court a Bay tree on the top whereof they set a wreath of oaken boughs signifying that he was the man that had both ouercome their enemies and set their citie in safetie They decreed also that his Court should be called a Pallace so that in what region soeuer the Romane Emperor did soiourne his Court was called a Pallace and that he should be called Augustus For when many would haue adorned him with some title of excellencie Caesar had a great desire to be called Romulus secundus but because that did resemble too much the title of a king he was content to be called Augustus that is maiesticall or diuine Thus had Caesar the power of a king the stile only foreprised In him all the dignities and magistracies did meete he was sole Consul in determining iudicially of publike affaires sole Pōtifex for he had that speciall title sole Censor in taxing the Romanes by poales and fining them for faults sole Tribune in abrogating these lawes voiding these acts which were made and done by other magistrates which though in shew they were manie yet in deed there was now but one Magistrate in Rome one Emperour one Augustus but these honors did not warrant Caesars quietnesse for he was endangered by many trecheries and being thereby too seuere in punishing both the worthie and vnworthie vpon suspition surmise without anie formall proceeding against them he did indeed minister oile vnto the flame of their malice Amongst the rest Cn. Cornelius whose grandfather was Cn. Pompeius Magnus did with his complices imagine and conspire the death of Augustus whom Caesar would not put to death because he thought by that meane he should gaine no great securitie neither would he deliuer them from imprisonment lest others might take courage counsell to attempt the like VVith this doubt perplexitie he was grieuously troubled and cares did torment his mind both in the night and in the day time wherefore walking alone in his garden and musing what to do Liuia the Empresse came vnto him and prayed him of all loues to reueale vnto her what griefe had encroched vpon his heart and what was the cause of his vnusuall dumpes to whom Caesar made this answer Can any man Liuia be of a calme and contented mind against whom on euery side are layd the snares of treason Seest thou not how manie doe besiege my quietnesse whom the punishment of condemned persons doth not only not deterre but as if there were some hope of reward others rush desperatly forward to vnlawfull attempts Liuia when she heard this did thus reply It is no maruel my Lord if you be beset with dāgers partly because you are a man and therefore borne to casualtie partly an Emperour by whose authoritie because manie are put to death many that liue do conceiue hatred against you for a Prince cānot only not please all but though he gouerne in most orderly and peaceable maner it cannot be otherwise but he should haue many foes For there be not so many iust as iniurious whose humours can neuer be satisfied they which be of the better sort do aime at great matters which because they can not obtaine and because they are inferiour to others are full of male-contentment and for that cause they are offended with their Prince But the danger vnto which you are subiect by them which do not cōspire against your person but against your estate cannot anie way be auoided For if you were a priuate man none would offer you iniurie vnlesse he receiued wrong before at your hands but an Empire and the reuenues thereof they which haue power do rather affect then they which are poore do loath This though it be a point of vnconscionable men yet as other faults so this is the seed of nature which out of some men neither by rewards nor by threats you shall be able to extirpate for neither feare nor lawe can do more then nature VVhich being thoroughly cōsidered it will seeme a great deale more conuenient to strengthen and stablish your Empire with faithfulnesse and loyaltie then with sharpnesse and rigor Augustus did thus reioyne I know Liuia that the highest things be most subiect to hatred the greatest Emperours haue the greatest enemies for if our cares griefes and perils were not greater then the griefes and perturbations of priuate mē we should be aequal to the Gods but this doth chiefly molest me that I cannot deuise anie remedie which may cure conquer this mischiefe All men haue enemies many haue bene slaine by enemies but the estate of Princes lieth so open to casualtie that we are cōstrained to feare our familiar frinds and our daily acquaintance with whom because we must continually conuerse we do continually feare

and this maladie is more hardly redressed then emnitie for against our enemies we may oppose our friends but if our friends do faile vs where is thē our helpe therfore both solitude and multitude is grieuous vnto vs it is dangerous to be without a gard but to haue an vnfaithful gard is much more dangerous Apparant enemies may be auoided but false hearted friends we cannot anie way shunne for we must call thē friends of whose constant faithfulnesse we can not possibly be assured for my selfe I do plainely protest that my heart abhorreth from the extremitie of punishment and the necessitie of torture goeth greatly against my mind Then said Liuia You haue spoken well my Lord but if you will be aduised by me you ought not to refuse my counsell because it proceedeth from a woman I will aduise you of that which none of your friends will impart vnto you not because they are ignorant of it but for that they dread your displeasure VVhich Augustus taking hold of Tell it me Liuia said he whatsoeuer it is I will said Liuia and that as willingly as you would heare it for I am made partaker of your destinie Caesar being safe I am Empresse and he being dishonored which misfortune the Gods auert I am also disgraced and bereaued of glorie That I may not vse an ambush of words nor a labyrinth of circumstances my theame shal be one word and that is Clemencie Change thy course Augustus and forgiue some of thy foes manie things may be healed by lenitie which crueltie can neuer cut off Neither do I speake this as if disloyall and irregular persons should generally and without difference receiue mercie nay they that be notoriously stained and branded with conspiracie they that trouble the quietnesse of the Common-weale they that are ouerflowed with vices whose life is nothing else but leudnes so that they are past hope or helpe cut them off my Augustus as the putrified parts of a distempered bodie but they which either through the infirmitie of youth or the imprudency of mind or through ignorance or mischaunce haue offended or which against their willes haue bene drawne into daunger admonish them but with minatorie speeches and let them finde grace but with condition Some thou mayest punish with exile some with infamie and some with money and that none may be vniustly condemned nor by a fained accusation suffer death let the truth be tried by such proofes as may worthilie be approued For it behooueth thee Augustus not onely to be free from doing wrong but euen from shew and semblance of iniurie Priuate men haue done enough if they haue not offended but a Prince must endeuor not to be suspected of faults Thou rulest ouer men not ouer beasts ouer Romanes and not ouer Barbarians and the onely meane to lincke their hearts vnto thee is to benefite all and to oppresse none For though a man may be constrained to feare yet he cannot be enforced to loue for when the subiect clearely discerneth that his Prince is bountifull he is soone perswaded but when he is once resolued vpon manifest praesumption that some be vniustly put to death lest the same thing happen vnto him he may iustly feare and whō he so feareth he hateth with the strength of his heart But a Prince is the priuiledge of his subiects security that they take no harme neither of forreiners nor of their fellow subiects much lesse of their Prince protector And it is a great deale more magnificent and glorious to saue then to kill wherfore lawes benefites admonitions must be vsed that men may become circumspect warie and further they must be so diligently watched and obserued that though they would be yet they may not be traiterous and they which are greene in conceit and as it were flexible waxe to the stronger powers must haue perpetuall conseruatiues lest they be corrupted and to tollerate the offences of some is both great wisedome and great manhood for if euerie mans fault should be his fall the earth would soone lacke inhabitants Thinke my good Augustus that the sword cannot do all things for thee it cannot make men wise it cannot make them faithful it may constraine them but it cannot perswade them it doth pierce the heart of him that is slaine but it doth alienate the mind of him that doth liue VVherefore alter thy opinion noble Emperour and by vsing clemencie they will thinke that all that thou hast heretofore done was done by necessitie and against thy will but if thou perseuerest still in the same minde and purpose they will impute all that hath bene done to the austeritie and sourenesse of thy nature VVith these speeches of Liuia Augustus being moued pardoned many and vsed as much lenitie as his owne safetie would beare whereby he purchased the entire loue of the Romanes and all his life time after there was neuer anie treason attempted against him Thus after ciuill emnities extinguished forreine warres fully ended iustice recalled destiny satisfied strength was restored to lawes authoritie to Magistrates dignitie to the Nobles maiestie to the Senate safetie to the people the fieldes were without hinderance trimmed and tilled the sacrifices celebrated and solemnized quietnesse returned to men and euerie possession to his lawfull owner good lawes were made imperfect lawes were amended bad lawes cancelled the Senators were seuere without currishnesse the people honest without constraint and with this harmonie peace pleased the Romanes A Table of the principall matters contained in this historie according to the number of the Pages A Ancus a great builder 8 M. Antonius the orator put to death by Marius Cinna 65 M. Antonius he helpeth Caesar 138. He is spared at the time whē Caesar is slain 169 He fighteth with Pansa 175 He fighteth with Hirtius 176. He fighteth with both the Consuls ibid. Octauius becommeth an enemie vnto him ibid. He writeth contumelious letters to Brutus and Cassius 180. The testamēt of M. Antonius 193 B D. Brutus suffereth him selfe to be besieged by Antonius 175. He is slaine 179 C Campania the praise of it 10 Carthage the beginning of the second Corthagiā warre 12 Masinissa quarrelleth with the Carthagimans 45. Scipio is sent as Vmpier betwixt them and Masinissa 46. the Citie of Carthage is burnt 47 Q. Caepio is slaine C. Iulius Caesar he is inclined to sedition 103. his originall 107. his death is sought for by Sillaes officers 108. the Heluetians sled before Caesar 116. they are ouercome by him 117. he pursueth battel against Ariouista ibid. he fighteth against the Belgians and Nerrians ibid. he ouerthroweth the Germanes ibd he burneth the villages of the Sicambrians 118. he ouercommeth the Britaines ibid. he is reconciled to the Britaines ibid. he renueth against them ibid. the Eburons are ouercome by him 119. his reuenge vpon the French rebels 120. a decree made by the Senate that he should dismisse his armie 122 he is incensed by Curio against the Senate 123. his