the sacrament of the Lords bodie Baptisme is equiualent to the word of God by our aduersaries own confession Ergo also it is of equall value and dignitie with the other sacrament THE TWELFTH GENERALL CONTROVERSY OF THE SACRAMENT OF BAPTISME THis controuersie standeth vpon diuers questions 1. Of the name and definition of Baptisme Secondly of the partes of Baptisme Thirdly of the necessitie of Baptisme Fourthly of the Minister of Baptisme Fiftly of the parties which are to be baptized Sixtly of the effects of Baptisme Seuenthly of the difference of Christs Baptisme and Iohns Eightly of the ceremonies of Baptisme THE FIRST QVESTION OF THE NAME and definition of Baptisme COncerning the name there is no question betweene vs for the name of Baptisme hath the originall and beginning from the scripture Saint Paul vseth this word Coloss. 2.12 We are buryed with him through Baptisme And againe Heb. 6.2 All the question is about the definition of Baptisme The Papists error 98 THey define Baptisme to bee a sacrament of regeneration by water in the worde that is not which signifieth and sealeth vnto vs our regeneration and assureth vs of remission of sinnes but actually iustifieth and regenerateth vs Bellarm. lib. 1. de Baptism cap. 1. The Protestants WE rather according to the scriptures define baptisme to be a signe or seale of our regeneration and new birth whereby wee are assured that as verily by fayth in the blood of Christ we are cleansed from our sinnes as our bodies are washed with water in the name of the Father Sonne and holy Ghost So that Baptisme doth not actually bestow remission of sinnes by the work wrought but is a pledge and seale of the righteousnesse of fayth as Saint Paul sayth of Circumcision Rom. 4.11 for it is not the washing of the flesh by water but the establishing of the heart with fayth and grace that saueth vs 1. Pet. 3.21 See this poynt handled more at large Controuers 11. next before quest 2. part 1. Augustine saith Per fidem renascimur in baptismate by fayth wee are borne agayne in Baptisme De tempor serm 53. It is then the proper act of fayth to regenerate vs not of Baptisme the vse and end whereof is to strengthen and increase our fayth THE SECOND QVESTION OF THE PARTES which are the matter and forme of Baptisme AS touching the matter that is the externall element vsed in Baptisme there is no question betweene vs but that it ought to bee plaine and common water Act. 10.47 Saint Peter saith Can any man forbid water that these should not bee baptized Wherefore wee condemne the foolish and vngodly practises and inuentions of heretikes that either exclude water altogether as the Manichees with others or doe vse any other element as the Iacobites that in stead of water burned them that were to be baptized with a whot yron or as the Aethiopians which are called Abissines that vsed fire in stead of water misconstruing the words of the Gospell Matth. 2.11 That Christ should baptize with the holy Ghost and with fire which is not literally to bee vnderstoode but thereby is signified the internall and forceable working of the spirite which kindleth zeale and loue in our hearts as fire Concerning the forme of Baptisme we all agree that no other is to be vsed then that prescribed by our Sauiour Christ to baptize in the name of the Father the Sonne and holy Ghost that it is neither lawfull to change this forme in sense as many heretikes haue done nor yet in words as to leaue out any of the three persons in Trinitie and inclusiuely to vnderstand them by naming of one for whereas some alleadge that place Act. 2.38 Bee yee baptized in the name of Iesus Christ for remission of sinnes to proue that it is lawfull onely in the name of Christ to baptize wee are to vnderstand that the forme of Baptisme is not in that place expresly set downe but the scope onely and end of Baptisme which is to assure vs of remission of sinnes in the name of Christ as Beza very well noteth vpon that place The point of difference betweene vs concerning the forme of Baptisme is this The Papists THey are bold to affirme that this forme of Baptisme to baptize in the name error 99 of the Father Sonne and holy Ghost is not fully concluded out of Scripture but deliuered by tradition for say they the commandement of Christ to baptize in the name of the Trinitie Matth. 28. may bee vnderstoode thus to baptize them into the faith of the Trinitie or by the authoritie of the Trinitie And it were sufficient by those words to doe and performe it in act without saying the wordes were it not that wee haue otherwise learned by tradition that this very forme of wordes is to bee kept Bellarmine de baptism lib. 1. cap. 3. The Protestants WE neede no tradition for this matter the very forme which is to bee vsed in Baptisme is plainely proued out of the Scriptures for that commandement of Christ Goe and baptize c. doth necessarily imply a forme of speech to be vsed Wee grant that in the Scriptures this word name is taken for power vertue authoritie as Act. 3.6 In the name of Iesus arise and walke So also as there is a Baptisme with water there may be a baptizing with fire Matth. 3.11 Wherefore if part of the commandement bee to bee taken properlie and literally as this Goe and baptize why not the rest also In the name of the Father Sonne and holy Ghost If then the whole commaundement bee properly and plainely vnderstoode how can they baptize in the name of the Trinitie vnlesse the Trinitie bee spoken and named Secondly it appeareth also out of other places of Scripture that this forme was vsed in the Apostles time As Act. 10.47 Can any man forbid water why these should not be baptized which haue receiued the holy Ghost as well as wee As if Saint Peter should haue reasoned thus these haue receiued the giftes of the holy Ghost Ergo they may be also baptized in the name of the holy Ghost Likewise Act. 19.2 When the brethren at Ephesus had answered Paul that they had not heard whether there were a holy Ghost he saith vnto them Vnto what then were you baptized By this interrogatorie it appeareth it was their manner to baptize in the name of the holy Ghost and so consequently of the whole Trinitie Wee haue no cause then to flie vnto tradition this matter being so plainely decided by the Scripture Augustin tract in Iohann 80. Vpon those wordes of our Sauiour Iohn 15.3 You are cleane thorough the word which I haue spoken vnto you Detrahe verbum quid est aqua nisi aqua Accedit verbum ad elementum fit sacramentum Take away the word and what remaineth in Baptisme but bare water let the word be ioyned to the element and it maketh a Sacrament The forme then of Baptisme is the word which Christ
congregate or called to condemne such open wickednes as if neuer any heresie had been condemned but in a Synode or Councel Cont. 2. epistol Pelag. lib. 4. cap. 12. This is that heretical opinioÌ„ as they call it which the Councel of Constance condemned in Iohn Husse him together with it because he said That an heretike whatsoeuer he be ought first to be instructed and taught with Christian loue gentlenes by the holy scriptures by reasons drawn out of the same before he suffer corporall or bodily punishment Fox pag. 610. articul 18. Which his saying is grounded vpon that rule of the Gospell Math. 18.15 That if we see one offend we should first tell him priuatly then before 2. or 3. lastly declare it to the Church and if he will not heare the Church that is by scripture conuincing him then continuing obstinate let him be as a publicane This rule the papists kept not in their bloudie persecutions here in England They put many hundreds to death were not able to coÌ„uince any one of heresie but in disputation were themselues put to silence and made ashamed Their onely arguments were the fire and fagot 3 Againe they vsed vnlawfull waies and vniust in sifting and examining by error 104 cruel tormeÌ„ts the poore innocents brought before them neither shewing accusers nor witnesses Iohn Browne Martyr appearing before Warrham and Fisher two bloudsuckers was burned with hot coales his bare feet being set vpon theÌ„ Fox p. 1292. Cutbert Symsons fingers were grated with an arrow and he himself piteously racked to be made betray his innoceÌ„t brethren p. 2032. Tomkins hand was burned by Bonner till the sinewes sparkled againe pag. 1533. And these were the witnesses and accusers that were brought against them This was cleane contrarie to the law of Moses At the mouth of two or three witnesses shall he that is worthie of death dye Deuteron 17.6 Augustine saith Quis iudex accusantis sumat personam c. What Iudge would take vpon him to be an accuser Our Lord Christ knewe Iudas to be a theefe sayth he yet because he was not accused he did not cast him off He counteth it a very vnnaturall thing for the Iudge to be an accuser and to proceede without witnesses which although in some criminall cases is more tolerable yet in the cases of life and death ought in no wise to be vsed The same iudgement also Augustine giueth of that cruell custome of tormenting men to conuince them by their own mouth which was inuented by the heathen but neuer more cruelly practised then among the papists Hoc intolerabile est saith he rigandum fontibus lacrymarum cum propterea torqueat iudex accusatum ne occidat nesciens innocentem fit per ignorantiam vt tortum innocentem occidat quem ne innocentem occideret torserat How intolerable a thing is it and to be much lamented that while the Iudge tormenteth the partie accused lest vnwittingly he should put an innocent man to death it falleth out that he adiudgeth to death a man both innocent beside tormented whom lest he should slay as an innocent he before put to torment His meaning is that when a man is put to the racke or otherwise tortured that he might confesse the truth and cleere himselfe it commeth to passe that through extremitie of the payne he maketh himselfe guiltie and so the innocent is both wrongfully tormented and vniustly put to death Which kind of forcing men by torture though in some dangerous cases as of high treason and such like where there is great perill in the concealing of the truth and no other way to sift it out may be admitted yet to vse it as an ordinarie course as the papists did and in causes of religion it is to too shameful and of all Christians to be abhorred 4 Where haue they learned so hotly and fiercely to pursue simple men and women to death for none or very small offences which they notwithstanding error 105 falsely called heresie Was it heresie for Iames Brewster to heare one Sweeting to reade many good things out of a certaine booke or for the same Sweeting when as the sayd Iames should say Now the sonne of the liuing God helpe vs to answere Now almightie God so doe yet for these heresies were they both condemned and burnt in Smithfield Anno. 1511. Fox pag. 818. A woman of Auspurge had like to haue been burned for asking a priest that carried the Host to a sicke man with Taper-light what he meant to goe with a light at noone day if Mary the Emperours sister had not made sute for her Anno. 1550. Anno 1525. a Monke burned in France because he had forsaken his abominable order and married a wife pag. 896. Iohannes de Cadurco being at a feast where it was agreed that euery one should bring forth this posie or sentence because he brought forth this Christ reigne in our hearts and prosecuted it out of the scriptures was burned Anno. 1533. pag. 897. A Tailour burned at Paris anno 1549. for working vpon an holy day ex Iohan. Crispin Fox p. 903. Ralfe Hare constrained to abiure for saying before the Bishop of Winchester The Lord is my witnes It is Symbolum Haereticorum saith Winchester a marke to know heretikes by to say the Lord the Lord page 1225. One Thomas Sanpaulinus Matyr because he rebuked a man for swearing was thereupon suspected to be a Lutheran examined condemned and burned at Paris anno 1551. pa. 904. Many such like examples might be produced of holye Martyres which for these and such other great heresies were put to death And as the offences were very smal as we see so their maÌ„ner of proceeding was most cruell void of all humanity They spared not women with childe We haue not forgotten that famous example of their crueltie which shall be remeÌ„bred to their perpetuall shame and infamie Howe they burned 3. simple women in the Isle of Garnsey anno 1556. which had submitted theÌ„selues to their mercie one of the three was great with childe which brast out of her wombe in the midst of the fire and was throwne in againe pa. 1944. They had no compassion of the tender age of children In the towne of Byrbroke while Richard Chapman did pennaunce in the Church beeing inioyned to kneele barefoote and bare legged all the sermon while vppon the colde steps of the Church a little boy for giuing him his hat to kneele vpon was had into the vestrie and piteously scourged pa. 1047. Cruel Bonner burned Richard Mâ—kins a childe of 15. yeeres for speaking against the sacrament of the aultar who notwithstanding at the stake was taught to speak much good of the B. of London and so did pa. 1202. John Fâ—ttie his childe being of 8. yeere oulde for saying to one of the Bishoppes Chaplens that he had Balaams marke was scourged so cruelly that within 14 dayes hee died Nay such was their cruelty they
Monkerie The Papists IF they be come to the yeares of discretion they may men or women at any error 90 age take vpon them the vow of Monkerie Bellarm. cap. 35. 1 Math. 19.14 Suffer little children to come vnto me Ergo young men and mayds may become Monkes Bellarm. Answ. First the text speaketh of little children but by your confession they must be of yeeres of discretion that should enter into your profession so are not little children 2. As though none could come to Christ but through a Monks cowle Nay I would they of all men did not goe furthest off from Christ. It followeth also in the texte Of such is the kingdome of heauen so by this reason heauen gates should be open onely to Monkes and Friers and this is the right heresie of the Pelagians and Manichees that promised the kingdome of God not one but those that cast a way their riches 2 Iohn Baptist liued from a childe in the wildernesse Ergo lawfull for young ones to professe Monkerie Answere First Iohns example is extraordinarie as his office and calling was singular therefore is no more to be imitated and followed in his solitarie life then in his diet of Locusts and wilde honie He sprang also in his mothers womb so I think all Monkes and Eremites doe not Secondly it is not certaine at what yeeres Iohn entred into the Wildernesse for hee was thirtie yeere olde when hee came and preached in the Wildernesse as Matthew writeth 3.1 The Protestants THough we should grant that a Monastical life were in some persons and at some times tolerable among Christians yet of all other the yonger sorte in whom lust doth raigne were most vnfit and not to be admitted vnto that kinde of life 1 Saint Paul would haue no widow to be chosen vnder 60. yeeres 1. Timoth 5.9 and I will the younger to marry vers 16. Ergo it is contrarie to Saint Pauls rule to suffer any such to make vowes of continencie Rhemist answere First it was but a rule for that time when as yet there were no Monasteries nor discipline but young widowes wandred vp down idly Answ. First the same cause that young women had to marrie then they haue now and therefore the rule is generall Secondly as though the wals of Monasteries were able to keepe in Virginitie no it is notoriously knowne that vnchast life hath scaled the wals of Nunneries crept in at windowes and found muses in the ground 2 Saint Paul say they counselleth young widowes to marrie not young Virgins which hauing not experience of lust are not so greatly tempted Ans. How chaste your cloyster women haue been and free from these tentations the stories of former times make mention and the examples of so many vnchaste milch-Nunnes and filthie Monkes and Friers are a sufficient proofe Fulk 1. Timoth. 5. sect 11. But all these shifts notwithstanding Saint Pauls rule must stand that no widowes must be admitted vnder 60. yeere olde 2 The Manichees tooke occasion hereby to insult against the Catholiks because they admitted so many Virgins to the profession of single life Certatim ad hanc professionem â—asincitatis suasionibuâ—vestris vt iam penè maior in Ecclesijs omnibus virginum apud vos quam mulierum numerositas habeatur August cor Faustum 30.4 Ye labour say the Manichees to drawe women of euery hand to this profession by your perswasions that now in your Churches the number of professed virgins exceedeth the number of women And hereby the Manichees that extolled virginitie and condemned mariage were induced to think that the Catholike Bishops also were of their opinion Likewise Augustine epistol 169. maketh mention of one Priuius that because while he liued among the Catholikes he could not enioy the speech and companie of two young Nuns he ran away with them to the Donatists Thus we see what good commeth to shut young men and women into cloysters THE SECOND PART WHETHER CHILdren may enter into profession of Monkerie without their Parents consent The Papists IF they be of sufficient age as the men of 14. yeere at the least the women error 91 of 12. and their Parents be not driuen to any such necessitie that they neede their childrens helpe they may without Parents consent enter into Monkery 1 God sayd to Abraham get thee out of thy countrey and from thy fathers house Genes 12. and Christ Math. 10. whosoeuer loueth father or mother more then me is not worthy of me Ergo children may become Monkes without their fathers leaue Bellarm. cap. 36. Answ. First who would haue thought that Abraham was a Monk but that the Iesuite saith it SecoÌ„dly by the same reason a man may not leaue his pareÌ„ts only but go out of his countrey Thirdly Abraham was 75. yere old at that time when he went out of Haran verse 4. Ergo wee will conclude that none ought to be made Monks before those yeares Fourthly When God calleth any man to a Monkish life as Abraham had an especial calling of God wee will giue him good leaue to goe Concerning the other saying of our Sauiour it maketh nothing for you First Christ speaketh of persecution when a man ought not for loue of his friends to denie Christ but I trowe you will not grant that your Monkish life is persecution and yet it is after a sorte for the Locusts which are none other but Monkes and Friers Apocal. 9. doe bite and sting like serpents that is do secretly wound mens consciences Secondly a man may leaue his parents as Christ commandeth though he dwell in the same house with them that is by setting his loue and affection on heauenly things Thirdly doe all goe to Christ that come into your Monasteries nay I would they went not from Christ for they liue after another rule then Christs Francis your great founder erected a new sect of Monkerie and found out a new rule for them which he called regulam Euangelicam the rule of the Gospell as though Christes rule were not sufficient The Protestants CHildren ought not by the law of God to make any vow of single and continent life without the consent and liking of their parents Luther Pet. Martyr Lib. de caelibat et votis 1. By the law of Moyses the father had power to disallow the vowes which the daughter made being in his house Numb 30.6 Which law was not ceremonious for it was grounded vpon the Morall law which commanded all obedience and duetie of the children to the Parents And that it is not abrogate it appeareth because the same law is renewed by S. Paul 1. Corinth 7. ver 36.37 Where the Apostle referreth the whole matter of keeping a virgin or placing of her in mariage to the will of the father yet so that he must haue regard vnto the necessitie the estate and condition of his virgine Both these places do apertly proue that neither the childe can be bestowed in marriage nor vowed to virginitie without the consent
them selues to looke into the heart as into a glasse but by reuealing such thinges when the Lord seeth it expedient Neither had the prophets an inherent gift and dwelling in them to know secrets but the worde of God was inspired into them at times as they had neede as we see in Nathan 2. Sam. 7.3.4 in Elisha 2. King 2.15 in Isaiah 2. Kin. 20.4 And though Paul was taken vp into heauen and sawe many secrets yet he knew not all for thus he saith of him selfe If I knew all secretes 1. Corinth 13.2 Ergo no man euer receiued this gift to search the heart but it is proper vnto God who will not giue his honour to another 2. Augustine saith Nescire mortuos quid hic agatur dum hic agitur that the dead know not what is done here while it is in doing But they vnderstand either by relation of those that departe this worlde or els by the Angels Non quidem omnia sed quae sinuntur indicare sicut Prophetae nec hic omnia cognoscebant sed quae illis essereuelanda dei prouidentia iudicarat de cura pro mortuis cap. 15. Neither do they know all things but what God suffereth to be knowen as neither did the Prophets knowe al things while they liued but what God in his diuine prouidence thought good to reueale vnto them I note out of this saying of Augustine three thinges FIRST What great vncertaintie of opinion heere is Howe the dead should come by the knowledge of humane affaires the Papists think they haue it by Gods gift otherwhile they say they see all thinges in God as in a cleare glasse Augustine sayeth they knowe them by the Angelles or by men newly departed this lyfe so that it appeareth to bee but a meer conceit and imagination that they haue any such knowledge whereof there is no surer ground Secondly Augustine saith they know not things presently done but afterward contrarie to the Papists Thirdly they know not all things as the Prophets also did not but what the Lord reuealeth vnto them wherein also he is contrarie to our aduersaries THE THIRD QVESTION CONCERNING THE worship of Angels first in generall then in particular of inuocation The Papists THey say that the diuine honour and adoration due vnto God alone is not to be giuen to Angels But there is a religious reuerence honour and adoration which is not to be denyed to Angels and Saints Rhemist annot Apocalyps 19. sect 4. 1 Iosua fell downe before the Angel and worshipped Iosua 5. Rhemist Ans. He worshipped not an Angel but the Lord Christ himselfe the captaine of the Lords armie for it was a diuine worship He is bid to put off his shooes as Moses was when God appeared out of the fierie bush Exod. 3. But a diuine worship by your owne confession is due onely to God Fulk annot Coloss. 2.3 2. 1. Timoth. 2.21 I charge thee before God and the Lord Iesus Christ and his elect Angels that thou obserue these things Ergo Angels may be adored and reuerenced Rhemist Ans. Saint Paul maketh here the Angels witnesses of his waightie charge so Moses calleth heauen and earth to witnesse Deut. 30.19 may we therefore conclude that he yeelded any religious worship to heauen and earth Fulk ibid. The Protestants AS for due reuerence which is of loue not of any seruice there is no question but we ought to yeeld it vnto the Angels But all religious seruice or worship is due onely to God and whosoeuer man or Angel requireth or receiueth any religious worship or seruice vsurpeth that which is due vnto God Fulk Apocal. 19. sect 4. 1 Apocal. 19.10 and 22.9 Iohn fell downe to worship the Angel but the Angel suffered him not See thou doe it not saith he for I am thy fellowe seruant and of thy brethren worship God Ergo Angels are not to be adored with any religious worship Rhemist First he forbiddeth him onely to worship him with diuine adoration Ans. The words are generall he sayth not worship God with this kind of seruice but worship God Rhemist Secondly you say that Iohn so worthie an Apostle was not ignorant of that poynt that Angels were not to be worshipped as God we may replye also that if Iohn had knowne that this other kind of seruice was vnlawfull he would not haue done it Ans. Iohn sinned not of ignorance but of forgetfulnes in this extasie of his mind while he beheld the glorie of the Angel as likewise through his frailenes and forgetfulnes he committeth the like againe cap. 22. which Iohn would not haue done being once before admonished had he not presently forgotten himselfe But the other error of worshipping the creature for the Creator was too grosse an error for the Apostle Rhemist Thirdly he was deceiued in the person taking the Angel for Christ and therefore was not culpable at all in this fact in giuing diuine honour to the Angel for he sinned onely materially not formally Ans. First Iohn was not ignorant that he was an Angel and not Christ for he sayth he was one of the seuen Angels that had the seuen vials Secondly though he sinned of ignorance yet was it a sinne for the Prophet which beleeued the olde Prophet sinned grieuously as it appeared by his punishment though he did it ignorantly 1. King 13. Wherefore it is a grosse error of your Schoolemen that say a man sinneth not if he worship the diuell in the shape of an Angel ignorantly Rhemist Fourthly the Angel would not receiue this worship at Iohns hand whom he knew to be in great fauour with God and greater then some Angel Ans. First though hereafter the childrē of God shal be made equall to the Angels in glorie yet in this mortall life they must needes be inferiour seeing Christ himself in respect of his passion was inferiour to the Angels Heb. 2.9 Secondly the Angel would not haue taken this homage at any other mans hands beside Iohn for he giueth a reason that he is not only his fellow seruant but also of his brethren So for al their shifts and cauils we strongly conclude by this example that no religious honour ought to be giuen to Angels 2 Honoramus Angelos charitate non seruitute sayth Augustine nec eis templa construimus We honour Angels with the duetie of loue not of seruice neither doe we build temples vnto them Quod ergo colit summus Angelus id colendum etiam est ab homine vltimo That therefore which is worshipped of the highest Angel the man of lowest degree ought also to worship De vera religion cap. 55. Ergo no worship due vnto Angels but all vnto God THE SECOND PART OF THE INVOcation of Angels The Papists THey hold that it is lawfull to direct our praiers vnto Angels Rhemist Coloss 2. sect 3. Yea and because they pray for vs and deale with God to procure mercie for vs they may iustly be called our aduocates Angels are deputed for our protection
many that shal be condemned in the day of Iudgement haue had power to do straunge workes Math. 7.22 23. 2 What better argument can wee haue of this then common experience For the Popes haue registred in their Calendars notorious wicked meÌ„ and traitors to their Princes as saints and holy men Such an one was Thomas Becket who som hundreth yeers was worshipped as a saint by the name of S. Thomas of Canterbury and yet was a plaine traitour to his prince Fox page 225. And therefore his shrine was iustly put downe in King Henrie the 8. dayes Richard Scroope of York was openly in armes against Henry the fourth Thomas Earle of Lancaster a rebell against Edward the second yet both are the popes canonized saintes Elizabeth Barton was called the holy Maide of Kent and fayned that she had many reuelations yet was found to be a traitour executed these are the popes saints And on the other side they haue condemned the true saintes and Martyrs of God and accursed them to the bottomlesse pit of Hell as they delt most wickedly with Iohn Husse that zealous seruant of God vpon whose head they set a crowne of paper pictured with deuilles as if he were giuen into the power of SataÌ„ But we do iudge of these holy men as the scripture teacheth which sayth that they are blessed which dye in the Lord Apocal. 14.13 Their good life holy profession and constant death and martyrdome declaâ—â—d no lesse and that assurance which God gaue them of their election as it appeared in that worthy Martyr doctor Barnes who being brought to the stake sayeth thus vnto the people If saintes do pray for vs I trust to pray for you within this halfe houre who at the same time vttered his opinion that not withstanding to pray vnto saintes was against the worde of God although it should be granted that they pray for vs. Let them now be ashamed to say still that the pope cannot erre in Canonizing saints who condemneth good men and iustifieth the wicked according to the common saying Many are worshipped for saints in heauen whose soules do burne in Hell Thirdly Augustine thus writeth of this matter Per has humanorum cordium tenebras res multùm miranda dolenda contingit vt eum nonnunquam quem iniustum putamus iustiu tamen est auersemur hominem bonum tanquam malum affligamus quem nescientes amamus By reason of the darkenes and ignorance of mens heartes a pitifull and strange thing many times falleth out that we should hate a man whome we take to be a wicked and vngodly one and yet he is a righteous man and so wee punish a good man for a bad whom we notwithstanding do vnwittingly loue for his goodnes tract in Iohan. 99. Ergo the iudgement of men is vncertaine and the best may be deceiued in iudging of others who are bad and who good THE SECOND QVESTION CONcerning the adoration of Saints THis question hath three partes First whether saintes are to be adored Secondly of the diuerse kindes of adoration Thirdly concerning the worship due vnto holy men liuing as the kissing of feete and such like THE FIRST PART WHETHER SAINTS are to be adored and worshipped The Papists THey doubt not to affirme that there is a kynde of Religious woorshippe due vnto Saintes not that great Religious woorshippe which is proper error 25 vnto God but a kinde somewhat lesse and inferiour to that yet a religious adoration which is the meane or middest betweene that highest worship due vnto God and ciuill honour which is giuen vnto men So this is their sentence that religious worship is due both to God and to the saints heerein onely say they the difference is the more religious worship belongeth onely to God the lesse vnto the saintes Bellarm. cap. 12. lib. 1. de Sanctor beatit Argum. 1 The Psalmist saith Adore his footestoole Psal. 99.5 and Heb. 11.21 Iacob adored the top of his rod Ergo it is lawfull to adore creatures Bellarm cap. 13. Rhemist annot 11. Heb. sect 9. Answer In the first place by the footestoole is vnderstood the Tabernacle with the Arke the Prophet saith not Adore his footestoole but At or before his footestoole for we deny not but that we may kneele downe and fall prostrate in adoring of God before such thinges but none is to be adored but God In the same place the Apostle saith that Iacob worshipped toward the end of his staffe that is leaning vpoÌ„ his staffe The vulgar latine readeth corruptly adorauit fastigium baculi He worshipped the end of his staffe for then the Greek preposition 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 were superfluous And Augustine expoundeth it aright saying that Iacob by faith worshipped God vpon the end of his staffe quaest in Gen. 162. Fulk annot Heb. 11. sect 9. Argum. 2. Nabuchadnezzar bowed himselfe to Daniel and caused odors to be offered vnto him and worshipped him who for so doing was not reproued of the Prophet Ergo Saints are to be worshipped Bellar. ibid. Rhemens annot Apocal. 19 sect 5. Ans. 1 The offering of sacrifice is a worship by our aduersaries owne confession proper to God though they graunt most grossely that it is lawfull to offer incense to the images of saints Bellarm. cap. 13. The King therefore commanding in this place sacrifice to be offred to Daniel did attribute vnto him the godly worship and therefore no doubt he was reproued of Daniel though the text make no mention of it Bellarmine by offering of sacrifice here wold vnderstand the bringing of gifts Ans. This is shewed afterward verse 48. Howe the King made Daniel a great man and gaue him great gifts and the offering of presents is but a part of ciuil honor but the King here doth yeeld religious worship to Daniel 2 It appeareth verse 47. that the King was reproued by Daniel and forbidden to worship him and commaunded onely to worship God because the King confesseth that Daniels God is a God of Goddes and therefore onely to bee worshipped The Protestants WE can finde in the worde of God but two kindes of worship or adoration a religious worship only due vnto God and a ciuill honour vsed amongst men As for the Angels and saints we do honour them with loue not with seruice We do also reuerence the holy men vpon earth as the Prophetes and Apostles were in times past with a ciuill adoration or worship of loue not with a religious seruice There is also a due reuerence estimatioÌ„ of such things as are sanctified to holy vses as of the Tabernacle Arke Altar Sacrifice in the Law such now are the Sacraments which are duely to be reuerenced yet not to be adored or kneeled vnto So we conclude that all religious seruice and worship belongeth onely vnto God and it were great idolatrie to giue it to any other Fulke annot Apocal. 19. sect 5. Argum. 1. The scripture is plaine Math. 4 10. Thou shalt worship the
purpose they do amisse And yet we deny not but that the names of holy men may be safely remembred by thankesgiuing vnto God for such excellent instruments and setting before our eyes their good example And concerning the names which haue bene superstitiously giuen in times past vnto Churches and other places though it were to bee wished that they neuer had beene so giuen yet now we vse them setting apart all superstition as ciuill names of differēce as S. Luke describeth the ship of Alexandria wherein they were carried whose badge saith he was Castor Pollux Act. 28.11 In a ciuil matter of description hee refuseth not to vse the names of the heathen goddes Augustine also giueth a good rule concerning such names He speaketh of the names of dayes which were called after the names of heathenish Idols as the 4. day in the weeke which we call Wednesday was then called and is yet in the Latine toung Dies Mercurij Mercurie his day Sic dicitur a paganis a multis Christianis sed nolumus vt dicant et vtinam corrigātur melius de ore Christiano ritus loquendi ecclesiasticus procedit So it is called of the heathē of many christians but I would not haue them called so and I wish they were amended for a Christian kinde of speaking best becommeth a Christian. Sed si quem forte cōsuetudo traxerit c. sciat illos omnes homines fuisse But if custome preuaile with a man so to speake let him vnderstand that all they were but men whome the heathen take for gods So say wee it were to be wished that we had names void of al shew of superstition but seeing for our speaking we must be ruled by custom let vs know that those saints by whose names places are called are no Gods nor Gods fellowes nor patrons or Mediators for vs nor any way to bee worshipped But they are the fellow seruants of all faithfull Christians to bee reuerenced with a Christian duety of loue not a religious worship of seruice THE THIRD PART OF THE ADORning and beautifiyng of Churches The Papists error 32 THe Temples and Churches of Christians they would haue built in the most sumptuous and costly manner yea in beauty to exceede the palaces of Princes with siluer golde silke Veluet to be decked and adorned Bellarmine cap. 6. Argum. 1. The Tabernacle of the Iewes was of exceeding beauty the Curtaines therof of silke the vessels euen to the snuffers for the Lampes were of golde the Priests garment had a breastplate of golde set about with precious stones Therfore why should not the Temples of Christians be in like sort adorned and set foorth as Isay prophecieth that the Glory of Lebanon shal come the Firre Oliue and Boxe tree to beautifie my sanctuary Isai. 60.13 which is literally to be vnderstood Bellarm. ibid. Ans. First if the Iesuite had turned his argument and reasoned thus the temple of the Iewes was gorgeous and sumptuous and beautifull to the eye therfore Churches of Christians ought not to be so now he had reasoned much better for their seruing of God was externall now God will be worshipped in spirit All things were done vnto them in types and figures the outward glorie of their temple was a liuely figure of the spirituall beautie of the Church of Christ. Secondly where you would haue the prophecie of Isay to be literally vnderstood you haue made a good argument for the Iewes for then they shall haue their sanctuarie restored againe which the Prophet speaketh of by name And if that place of Isay haue a literall sense why not that also 54.10 I will lay thy stones with Carbuncle and thy foundation with the Saphires I wil make thy windowes of Emeraudes and thy gates shining stones Say also that this shal be literally performed and so according to this grosse sense the prophecie of Haggie shal also be fulfilled the glorie of the last house shal be greater then the first Hagg. 2.10 But I thinke you neuer sawe Church built in this goodly manner in beautie surpassing the Iewish temple nor neuer shall The Protestants THat the Churches of Christians and places of praier ought decently to bee kept yea and with conuenient cost and seemely beautie to be built and repaired and Church vessels with other necessarie furniture to be of the best not of the worst sort we doe both commend it and practise it for so we learne by the example of our Sauiour that cast out of the temple sellers of doues and money changers and would not suffer them to carrie vessels through it Mark 11.15 16. that the house of praier ought to be reuerently regarded but yet it followeth not that such immoderate and excessiue cost should be bestowed vpon the walles of the Church and Idols to garnish and beautifie idolatrie and poore people in the meane time to want A Matrone ought to goe comely and decently apparelled though not tricked vp with the iewels and ornaments of an harlot Argum. 1. Our Sauiour Christ reproueth the Scribes and Pharisees because they drewe the people to bee good vnto the altar and bestowe largely vpon them and so leaue their parents helplesse Math. 15.5 And he often doth inculcate that golden saying I will haue mercie not sacrifice it is better to succour the liuing temples of God which are the bodies of his poore children then to bestowe superfluous cost vpon dead temples of stone Argum. 2. Christ also doth rebuke them because like hypocrites they did garnish the sepulchres of the Prophets yet persecuted their doctrine Math. 23.29 so all popish pharisees are worthie of blame that take greater care in garnishing the temples and tombes of the holy Apostles and Martyrs then they doe in setting forth their holy doctrine and preaching the Gospell nay they doe contemne persecute and hate that doctrine for the which those holy men died so that this prouerbe was very well deuised of them In times past we had golden Priests and woodden Cuppes now we haue woodden Priests and golden Cuppes Augustine exhorting the people to be liberall to their Bishops and Pastors thus writeth further Forte ecclesiam fabricat forte vtile aliquid in domo dei molitur expectat vt attendas expectat vt intelligas super egenum Perhaps he is in building a Church and doing some profitable worke in the house of God he looketh that thou shouldest attend and consider of his neede By this it appeareth that Churches were not superfluous costly in Augustines time for nothing was done but what was thought necessarie and profitable and the builders which were then for the most part their Bishops were not of any great abilitie to bestowe superfluous cost nay they were not able to finish the necessarie workes without the beneuolence and contribution of the people THE FOVRTH PART OF THE DEDICAtion of Churches The Papists error 53 THe superstitious dedication of their Churches with the Annuall memories thereof they would warrant
not haue broken them Thirdly Pentecost whereof Saint Paul speaketh was the feast of the Iewes which with other solemnities of theirs the Apostles obserued not as a portion of Christian religion but taking occasion of the meeting of the Iewes in those festiuall dayes and so doe we obserue those holy dayes for order and edification of Gods people that vse to assemble at such times Fulk Matth. 15. sec. 3. Fourthly what cause is there why Easter and Whitsontide should be tied to the Lords daye and the Natiuitie of Christ which Bellarmine confesseth was vpon the Lords day should indifferently bee kept vpon any day but that hereby wee vnderstand that it is an indifferent matter whether they should bee kept vpon the Lords day or any other and whether vpon any certaine daye or to bee left to the discretion of the gouernors of the Church to be obserued as any other occasion shall be offered Fulk annot Apocalyps 1. sect 6. Lastly we shewed Augustines opinion in the first part of this question how hee vnderstandeth that saying Psalme 118. This is the day which the Lord hath made onely of the Sabboth thereby insinuating that other holy dayes either were not instituted of God at all or else not with the like necessitie THE FOVRTH PART OF THE solemnities of Saintes The Papists error 69 1. THey hold that holy dayes may be dedicated vnto Saints for their honor and worship as Christ promised that the charitable act of Marie Magdalene wrought vpon him should be recorded and remembred Matth. 26. vers 13. Hereby we learne that the good workes of Saintes may be recorded to the honor of Saints in the Church whereof arise their commemorations and holy dayes Rhemist annot Matth. 25. sect 1. The Protestants 1. THe good works of Saints may be remembred to the honor of God without their holy dayes and commemorations Christ instituted no holy day of Mary Magdalene nor commanded an image of her fact to be made but a memorie of her in preaching the Gospel Fulk ibid. Secondly we graunt that Christian solemnities may be kept as things indifferent which the Church may retaine or abrogate as it shall seeme best for edification not obserued of necessitie as a part of the worship of God nor consecrate to the honor of Saints seeing al diuine worship is wholly to be reserued to God not to be giuen to any other For times and seasons the scripture saith the Lord hath put onely in his owne power therefore he is onely to haue the honor of them Act. 1.7 Thirdly what honor is due vnto Saints Augustine sheweth Colimus martyres eo cultu dilectionis societatis quo in hac vita coluntur sancti homines Dei Wee doe honor Martyrs with the seruice of loue and fellowship as holy men are honored in this life But it is not lawful to consecrate times and dayes to holy men liuing therefore neither to Saints departed for one and the same kind of honor is due to them both The Papists error 70 2. THey maintaine that there may bee holy dayes and commemorations of all Saints as Christ promiseth there should bee of Mary Magdalene Rhemist Matth. 25. sect 1. The Protestants THis is another principal fault which we finde complaine of in their holy dayes that they haue pestred the Church with such a number of Saints and Saints dayes First as we haue partly shewed before they appointed a seuerall Saint almost for euery purpose as here we haue set it downe Saint Leonard for captiues Saint Rochus for the pestilence Saint George for warre Saint Anna giueth riches Saint Nicholas and Christopher for the sea Saint Apollonia for the toothake Saint Otilia for the eyes Saint Margaret for women in trauell Saint Laurence keepeth from the fire Saint Catherine giueth wit learning Saint Iohn against poyson Saint Quirine for the fistula Saint Protasius and Geruasius helpe to bewray theft And thus is it true of them as Ieremie complained of the Idolatrous Israelites that their gods were after the number of their cities Ierem. 2.28 In like manner also haue they multiplied their Saints dayes for beside the festiuals of Christ the holy Ghost and of the Apostles they haue added these besides Saint George his day Corpus Christi Assumption of Mary Natiuitie of Mary Conception of Mary The birth dayes of the Apostles Magdalenes Laurence The Dedication feast Martin their holy dayes Nicholas their holy dayes Catherine their holy dayes Anne their holy dayes Beside in the Dioces of Salisburge fifteene festiuals of Saint Rubert with many more whereof some of them are blasphemous as to keepe the Conception of Mary in remembrance that shee was conceiued without sinne some of them fabulous and forged as the Assumption of Mary in memorie of her Assumption in body to heauen which is a meere fable But all the rest are idolatrous and superstitious ordained for the honor and worship of creatures And thus haue they cumbred the people of God with their infinite obseruations So that the Lorde saith to them concerning their feastes as vnto the Israelites They are a burden vnto mee I am wearie to beare them Isai. 1.14 In Augustines time or who else it was that made those Sermons when there were nothing so many festiuals as now among Papists yet more then needed he writeth thus in a sermon vpon a festiuall Laetus sum hodierno die propter tantam festiuitatem sed aliquantulum tristis quia non video tantum populum congregatum quantus congregari debuit I am glad to daye because of this festiuall day and somewhat grieued withall that the people resorte not in such frequencie as they should We may see by this that euen then the people began to wax wearie of their many holy dayes The Papists THey enioyne sanctification and necessarie keeping of all their festiuities and holy dayes and so make no difference betweene the obseruation of error 71 holy dayes appointed of GOD and others ordained of men requiring the like strictnes in keeping of them all Rhemist Annot. Galat. 4. sect 5. The Protestants THere are no dayes necessarie to be kept but those that are of the Lords appointment the rest being voyde of superstition may be celebrated as indifferent and therefore not to be commaunded with the like strictnes as is the Lords daye There is greater libertie vpon holy dayes for bodilie labour then vppon the Sabboth for bodilie rest vppon the seauenth day is commaunded of GOD bodily labour vppon all other dayes permitted and may without offence of conscience bee vsed when it is not by the lawfull authoritie of the gouernors of the Church vppon iust occasion restrained as during the time of publike praiers and fastes hearing of the word and such like The rest of the Sabboth so far as it helpeth our preparation and fitnes to spirituall exercises and is a part of sanctifying the Lords day bindeth simplie in conscience because it is the commaundement of GOD but
Apostle calleth their feasts of loue which they were wont to make after the receiuing of the Sacrament the Lords Supper coenas dominicas because they were made in the Lords houses which were called Dominicae he meaneth not the Sacrament Ans. First there were then no such distinct places as Churches and Oratories for the seruice of God which began to be built many yeeres after but they assembled together in their owne houses Secondly if their loue-feasts were called the Lords Suppers it would followe that they neuer had them but at night and that then also the Sacrament was celebrated about the time of their feasts which must be at the eeuentide But this I think they dare not affirme that they celebrated the Sacrament at night wherefore the Apostle cannot meane any other Supper but that which was instituted by Christ as it followeth vers 23. Augustine calleth it the Lords Supper Coenam manibus suis consecratam discipulis suis dedit His Supper being consecrated he gaue with his owne hands to his Disciples And although we sate not downe at that feast Ipsam coenam tamē fide quotidie manducamus Yet we eate that Supper daily by faith 2. The name Communion the Apostle also himselfe vseth he calleth it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The communion of the bodie of Christ 1. Corinth 10.16 so doth Augustine name it Communionem corporis Christi de ciuit Det. 20. cap. 9. 3. As for the names of Eucharist and Leiturgie we mislike them not being vnderstood in their own sense but because they are Greeke and not vnderstood of the people we vse them not The horrible sacrilege of the Masse is the cause also why we vse not that terme THE SIXT QVESTION OF THE MANNER OF saying and celebrating Masse The Papists IT is not necessiarie that the Masse or as we call it the Sacrament should be sayd or done in the vulgar and familiar speech but for the greater reuerence to be kept in the Latine tongue they say it is more conuenient and that the words of consecration should not be vttered in a loud and audible but in a soft and low voyce Bellarm. cap. 11.12 Argum. Christ for the space of three houres being so long vpon the Crosse vttered nothing in the hearing of the standers by but 7. short sentences Ergo in the sacrifice of the Masse it is not necessarie to vtter all in the hearing of the people Ibid. Ans. First they haue not proued by this example that the Priest should mutter and mumble to himselfe but the contrarie rather that either he must altogether hold his peace or els speake aloude vnlesse they can shew that Christ spake some words secretly to himselfe Secondly we must not fetch the right vse of the Sacrament of our owne heads from the example of Christs sacrifice vpon the Crosse but we are commanded to resort for direction to the institution in his last Supper 1. Corinth 11.23 The Protestants FIrst for the Sacrament or any other part of the seruice of God to be ministred in an vnknowne tongue is contrary to S. Pauls rule who would haue al things to be done in the Church to edifying and in such sort that the vnlearned might say Amen 1. Corinth 14.16 But the people cannot be edified by a language which they vnderstand not nor yet can say Amen vnto strange prayers But of this matter we haue alreadie elsewhere entreated more at large Secondly it is also contrarie to S. Pauls rule that the Priest should mutter to himselfe and not speake aloud in the hearing of the people for he saith Ye doe shew forth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 annuntiatis preach or declare the death of Christ so often as ye receiue it 1. Corinth 11.26 But they doe not annuntiare that is preach set forth and declare the death of Christ that speake onely to themselues Augustine sayth Populus cum episcopo orat quasi ad eius verba subscribens respondet Amen The people prayeth with their pastor and subscribing to his words say Amen But how can the people say Amen where nothing is heard or subscribe in their hearts vnto it THE SEVENTH QVESTION OF THE CEREMOnies which they vse in the idolatrous sacrifice of the Masse The Papists error 138 SOme ceremonies goe before the celebration of the Masse and they are of such things as they haue alwaies in a readines for that impious seruice such are the vestiments and apparel of the priest the Albe Chesil Stole Dalmatike with such other Altars Altarclothes Corporasses Pixes Paxes Dishes Candlestickes Platters Censers water-pots all these and the like trumperie ought of right to be vsed in the sacrifice of the Masse the better to discerne the bodie of Christ Rhemist 1. Corinth 11. sect 18. The Protestants FIrst for diuers causes we doe condemne and reiect these superstitious vsages of the Papists 1. Because of the superfluous vnnecessarie number of them fewer by a great deale may serue for the Communion to be kept after Christs institution neither doe we reade that Christ at his last Supper vsed any such who notwithstanding would not haue left out any thing requisite and needfull for the Sacrament 2. The superfluous and excessiue cost in making so many Church vessels of gold and siluer so many Masse garments of silke fine linnen embrodered with gold pearle precious stones was both an intolerable burthen to the Church at whose charge such things were prouided and a great deale more costly then became the simplicitie of the Gospell 3. Conuenient vessels and instruments which are necessarie for the administration of the Sacrament with other seemely ornaments as a decent couering for the Communion table a cleane and hansome vessell to keepe the wine a cup of siluer for the distribution cleane linnen napkins for the bread such instruments and ornaments of the Lords table we condemne not but vse them our selues yet none of them for such ends or purposes as they pretend to discerne the bodie of the Lord by them as though they were ordained to waite and attend vpon the bodily presence of Christ which they haue falsely imagined but we vse them for decencie and order sake and due reuerence which is to be yeelded to so great mysteries In the Apostles time they had no consecrated Altars but Communion tables 1. Cor. 10.21 neither is it like that they vsed vessels of gold or siluer in the Lords Supper when they had neither siluer nor gold in their purses Math. 10.9 Wherfore such things are not necessarie for the discerning of the Lords bodie The Papists 2. THere are other ceremonies which they obserue and vse in the very action it selfe and celebration of the Masse as the diuers gestures of the Priest to lift vp his eyes and cast them downe againe and to lift them vp the second the third time sometime to cast abroad his hands to close them againe to warble with his fingers to bow to bend to ducke to turne on
godly men there remaineth doubt mistrust feare error 72 of hell and damnation and the feare of Gods iudgements causeth iust men to humble themselues least they should be damned And so S. Paul saith Worke out your saluation with feare and trembling Philipp 2. Rhemist 1. Iohn 4. sect â— The Protestants Ans. WE acknowledge a dutifull reuerence feare of God alwaies remaining in the godly but it is farre from that seruile and slauish feare which is caused onely by the remembrance of hell fire and eternall iudgement Augustine doth thus resemble the matter The chaste wife saith he and the adulterous doe both feare their husbands sed casta timet ne discedat vir adultera ne veniat But the chaste wife is afraid least her husband should depart the adulterous is afraid least he should come Such a feare as is in the chaste wife we graunt to be in the children of God but not the other 2. We also confesse that the horror of hell is profitable to make a way and entrance for the calling of worldly and hard harted men as the needle or bristle as Augustine saith maketh a way for the thread But in a man already called this feare is expelled by loue as the Apostle saith 1. Ioh. â— â—8 For we must be of those that loue the appearing of Christ 2. Tim. 4.8 Not of that number which feare it and wish it were prolonged August Si possumus efficere fratres vt dies iudicij non veniret puto quia nec sic erat male viuendum If we could bring it about that the day of iudgement should not come at all we ought not for all that to liue ill His meaning is that we ought not to liue well onely for feare of Gods iudgements THE FIFTH PART OF THE VSE of the Law The Papists error 73 THe law they say is by Christ Ministratio vitae effecta made the ministration of life Andr. lib. 5. in qua omnis nostra salus consistit wherein consisteth our saluation Catech. Colom ex Tileman de leg loc 3. err 14. they call it Verbum fidei and verbum Christi the word of Christ and the word of Faith to be obeyed and followed of all Christians that which Christ vttered to the yong man Math. 19.17 If thou wilt enter into life keepe the commandements Concil Trident. sess 6. cap. 7. So their opinion is that the law is made vnto vs a meane and instrument of our saluation The Protestants Ans. FIrst our Sauiour vttered those words to the yong man onely to humble him thereby and to teach him to know him selfe for otherwise the Apostles should haue taught contrary doctrine to their master who exhort men onely to beleeue and they shal be saued Act. 16.31 Argum. The Law was not ordeined to saue men but it serueth onely as a Schoolemaster as S. Paul saith to bring vs to Christ Galath 3.24 It also reuealeth and discouereth sinne Rom. 7.7 The Apostle also calleth it the killing letter and ministery of condemnation 2. Cor. 3.6.9 How then can it procure our saluation therefore what can be more opposite and contrary to Scripture then this assertion of theirs Let Augustine speake Testimonium legis eis qui ea non legitimè vtuntur testimonium est quo conuincantur eis qui legitimè vtuntur testimonium est quo demonstratur quò liberandi confugere debeant peccatores The testimonie of the law to them which vse it not aright is a testimony to conuince them to them which doe a testimony to teach them to whom sinners ought to flie for their deliuerance Ergo the law doth not it selfe worke our deliuerance but sendeth vs to our deliuerer THE THIRD PART OF THIS controuersie of Iustification THe particular questions are these First of Free will and the power thereof Secondly of Faith Thirdly of good workes Fourthly of the manner of our iustification THE FIRST QVESTION of Free will THe parts of this question First whether free will in spirituall things were vtterly extinguished by the sinne of Adam Secondly of the power and strength of free will in vs. THE FIRST PART WHETHER FREE WILL be vtterly lost by the transgression of Adam The Papists FRee will is not vtterly extinguished but onely abated in strength and attenuated error 74 Concil Trid. sess 6. cap. 1. The Rhemists also gather by the parable of the man in the Gospell that lay for halfe dead Luk. 10. vers 30. that neither vnderstanding nor free will and other powers of the soule are vtterly extinguished and taken away but wounded onely by the sinne of Adam Rhemist ibid. The Protestants Ans. IT is but a feeble collection and of small force which they draw from this allegorie for allegories and similitudes as they know themselues right well doe not hold in all things but wherein onely they are compared neither doe they necessarily conclude Argum. But that we are altogether dead in sinne by the transgression of Adam the scripture speaketh plainly in many places without allegorie Ephes. 2.1 5. When we were dead in our sinnes he hath quickened vs in Christ. Likewise Coloss. 2.13 he sayth not as in the parable 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they left him for halfe dead but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 plaine dead men indeed Augustine sayth Cum peccauit primus homo non in parte aliqua sed tota qua conditus est natura deliquit When the first man sinned he did not offend in any one part but wholly in that nature wherein he was created And in another place Natura tota fuit per liberum arbitrium in ipsa radice vitiata Our nature wholly was corrupted by free will in the very roote or originall that is in Adam Ergo all the powers both of bodie and soule wholly corrupt and decayed in spirituall things THE SECOND PART OF THE POWER AND strength of free will in man The Papists THey say not that a man by his free will only is able to liue well or to obtaine error 75 eternall life but yet by the power of free will stirred prepared and assisted by the grace of God he is able to doe it The first stirring then and motion of the heart they say is of God Then it is the part of free will to apprehend the grace offered and to giue consent vnto it and to worke together with it Trid. Concil sess 6. cap. 5. can 4. Eckius setteth downe foure steps or degrees to iustification The beginning of our calling is onely of God by inspiring of grace into vs this is the first degree The second is in our owne power to giue assent vnto grace once inspired Thirdly to obtaine that which by so assenting we doe desire is onely of Gods gift and this is the third degree gratiae gratum facientis of grace which maketh vs gracious or acceptable The fourth degree of perseuerance in the grace of saluation receiued is partly in our power and free will partly of the grace of God
the Masse is auaileable The Papists error 132 FIrst they affirme that Masse may be fayd and offered for all the liuing yea for Pagans and infidels for men absent as well as present for Saint Paul willeth prayers and supplications to be made for all men 1. Timoth. 2.1 Bellarm. cap. 6. Secondly the sacrifice of the Masse is auaileable for the dead which are in error 133 Purgatorie Bellarm. cap. 7. Concil Trid. sess 22. can 3. error 134 Thirdly Masse may be rightly sayd in the remembrance and for the honour of Saints with inuocation of them also in the prayers of the Church Bellarm. cap. 8. Argum. The Apostles taught the Church to keepe a memorie or inuocation of the Saints in this sacrifice and that there should be speciall prayers for the dead for these and such like were the things no doubt that S. Paul sayth he would set in order when he came 1. Cor. 11.34 Rhemist ibid. Ans. 1. To the place out of Timothie we haue answered before that it is vnderstood generally of all prayers made by the faithfull neither doth it follow it is lawfull to pray for all men and therefore the Sacrament is auaileable for all men for these are two diuers things prayer is an effect of our faith the Sacrament is an instrumental or ministerial cause of our faith 2. It is too great boldnes for you without scripture to affirme that these superstitious rites of yours were those very orders which the Apostle promised at his comming to establish but either they were such as partained not to the administration of the Sacrament or were but accidentall orders meete for the Church of Corinth and not necessarie for all times and places The Protestants FIrst the Sacrament for sacrifice we acknowledge none is onely ordained for their comfort that doe receiue it neither can one receiue the Sacrament for another no more then he may be baptized in the stead of another Secondly neither doth the celebration of the Sacrament profite the dead as we haue shewed before that it is in vaine to pray for them Thirdly neither are the Saints either then or at any other time to be prayed vnto or either by this or any other religious worship to be honoured Argum. All these superstitious obseruances are cleane contrarie and repugnant to the institution of Christ. First he sayth Take ye eate ye doe this wherefore to their comfort onely the Sacrament worketh that doe receiue it and are doers in that action the benefite thereof then is not extended to the absent but onely to the partakers Secondly the dead can feele no comfort by it because they can neither eate nor drinke it nor be doers therein Thirdly Christ sayth Doe this in remembrance of me he sayth not in remembrance of Angels Apostles Saints but onely of me Therefore it is contrarie to the institution to vse any commemoration of Saints in the Sacrament Augustine sayth Quis offeret sacrificium corporis Christi nisi pro ijs qui sunt membra Christi Who will offer the sacrifice of the bodie of Christ but for the members of Christ Lib. 1. de origin anim cap. 9. Therefore the Sacrament can not be celebrated for Pagans and Infidels who are no members of Christ. Againe he sayth Nos Martyribus non constituimus templa sacerdotia sacra aut sacrificia We doe not erect either temples priests seruice or sacrifices to Martyrs De ciuitat dei lib. 8. cap. 27. Ergo it is not lawfull to vse the Sacrament for the honour of Saints THE FIFT QVESTION OF priuate Masses The Papists IF any man shall say that priuate Masses wherein the Priest alone by himselfe error 135 doth communicate are vnlawful and therefore to be abolished we pronounce him accursed Concil Tridentin sess 22. can 8. Argum. The sacrifices of the law were sacrifices before the people did eate thereof so the substance making of a medicine is one thing the ingredience or taking of it an other Ergo neither is receiuing part of the substāce or making of the sacrifice of Christs bodie but a consequence only therefore there may be a sacrifice and sacrament without it Rhemist 1. Corinth 11. sect 14. Ans. First we denie that there is any sacrifice in the Eucharist but a Sacrament onely and therefore the comparison holdeth not betweene a sacrifice which consisted both of oblation to God and the participation of the people that offered and the Sacrament which Christ in his institution offered not to God but to his Disciples Secondly neither doth the similitude of a medicine conclude for you cannot proue that the Sacrament not receiued hath vertue in it as a medicine hath for faith is requisite to the worthie receiuing of the Sacrament which is not necessarie in the applying of a medicine and yet it is not properly called a medicine vnlesse being made it be also applied and being receiued doth heale The Protestants WE vtterly condemne the superstitious practises of popish priests who doe vse to communicate alone in their Masses the people standing by gazing and looking vpon him yea you might haue seene many Masses sayd in one Church at once almost in euery corner one no person being present for the most part but the priest and his boy Argum. This priuate receiuing of the Sacrament is contrarie to the institution of Christ who sayth speaking to many Take ye eate ye and diuide this amongst you there must be then a diuision and distribution Saint Paul also sayth We that are many are one bread and one bodie in as much as we are partakers of one bread 1. Corinth 10.17 Ergo many must communicate together· For the Apostle speaketh not of the mysticall communion of the faithfull in this place which doe all make but one bodie in Christ for so we doe communicate with the Church by faith not onely in the Sacrament but without it but of the Sacramentall communion of as many as receiue together for how els can they be sayd to be partakers of one bread or loafe vnlesse they receiue together Augustine sayth that Sacramentum benedicitur sanctificatur ad distribuendum comminuitur That the Sacrament is blessed sanctified and broken to be distributed Ergo where there is distribution there must be many to receiue AN APPENDIX CONCERNING THE name of the Sacrament The Papists THey vtterly mislike these names of the Sacrament that it is called amongst vs the Lords Supper or Communion belike say they they will bring it againe to the Supper or euening seruice Rhemist 1. Corinth 11. sect 6. And the name Communion is as ignorantly vsed of them thereby making the people beleeue that many should communicate together 1. Cor. 11. sect 24. they should rather vse the names of the Eucharist Masse or Leiturgie The Protestants FIrst for the name of the Lords Supper we doe learne of S. Paul so to call it When ye come together sayth he this is not to eate the Lords Supper 1. Corinth 11.20 Rhemist The