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A51897 The fifth volume of letters writ by a Turkish spy who lived five and forty years undiscover'd at Paris : giving an impartial account to the Divan at Constantinople of the most remarkable transactions of Europe, and discovering several intrigues and secrets of the Christian courts (especially of that of France) continued from the year 1642 to the year 1682 / written originally in Arabick, translated into Italian, and from thence into English, by the translator of the first volume. Marana, Giovanni Paolo, 1642-1693.; Bradshaw, William, fl. 1700.; Midgley, Robert, 1655?-1723. 1692 (1692) Wing M565CL; ESTC R35022 171,587 384

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go under the Name of Moses For in them these Bloody Victims are expressly enjoined God cannot be Contradictory to himself Doubtless a great Part of the True Law which God gave to Moses was lost in the Former Captivities of your Nation when your Cities and Provinces were quite dispeopl'd your Fathers led away by the Victorious Monarchs of the East and your choicest Memoirs Abolish'd So that what remains now is only a Collection of Fragments patch'd up by Esdras and other Industrious Scribes to which they gave the Specious Title of the Law of Moses that so they might fasten the wavering People in Obedience to something tho' of their own devising Nathan I do not go about to seduce thee Examine All Things Believe neither me nor thy own Rabbi's but trust onely thy Reason which will stand by thee at the Day of Judgment when all Things else shall fail Paris 8th of the 5th Moon of the Year 1655. LETTER IV. To Dgebe Nafir Bassa THese Nazarenes like the Followers of the Prophet are divided into Innumerable Sects and so 't is in all Religions Men cannot think alike Nature it self delights in Variety God has diversify'd the Faculties of our Souls as he has the Constitutions of our Bodies The Zealot is subject to Choler the Bigot to Melancholy the Libertine is of a Sanguine Complexion and as for the Rest they are but so many Walking Speaking Lumps of Flegm This is the Physical Division of Mortals Under which are comprehended the Various Tempers which result from the different Mixture of these Four Radical Principles And for this we must thank Galen and Hippocrates But if we consult the Astrologers they will assign as many different Humours and Complexions as there be Stars in the Heavens at least as there be Constellations They 'll tell ye of the Bull and the Bear and God knows what Heavenly Stories The Dragon shall spit Venom on one Man's Nativity out of his Mouth and give another a poisonous Lick with his Tail If we believe all they say there is not an Herb in the Field but has its particular Star whose Influence causes it to grow and prosper tho' Moses tells us that all the Vegetables appear'd on the Earth even before the Stars themselves had their Existence in the Heavens But whether there be any Truth in Astrology or no this is certain that Men differ in their Sentiments of Religion as they do in their Faces The Physiognomy of Faith is Infinitely various One Man believes in Moses Another in Jesus the Son of Mary a Third in Mahomet our Holy Lawgiver Then these are subdivided into Innumerable Parties The Jews have Seventy Eminent Religious Factions There are number'd Seventy and One Sects of Christians and Seventy Two of Mussulmans These are all at Odds about Words and Exteriour Ceremonies so Zealous for Charity and Peace that they are in perpetual Wars for its Sake murdering one another in the Love of God And such stout Champions for the Truth that they scruple not to tell Ten Thousand Lyes in its Defence The Differences between the Greek and Armenian Nazarenes the Nestorians and Jacobites with other Sects of the East are not unknown to the Ministers of the Port. But perhaps thou art a Stranger to the Newer Schisms of the West The most Eminent Division of Christendom at this Time is into Catholicks and Protestants The Former obey the Roman Mufti and boast of an Uninterrupted Series of Caliphs from Peter the Vicar of the Messias down to the present Pope The Latter are the Followers of Luther and Calvin Men who pretended to certain New Lights and claim'd a Right to reform the Errors of their Fathers in Matters of Faith and Worship God best knows who 's in the Right or Wrong of these Two Parties But they have always been at Daggers-drawing in Defence of their several Tenets persecuting and massacring one another for Conscience-Sake Both Sides appeal to the Written Law to Apostolical Traditions to the Testimony of the Ancients the Decrees of Councils and the Practice of those whom they call the Primitive Church Yet neither Part will allow the other a Sufficient Judgment to Interpret those Memoirs of Antiquity nor an Authentick Power to decide Controversies of this Nature Thus their Disputes are like to last till the Final Day of Decision when all Human Quarrels shall be determin'd before the Grand Tribunal In the mean Time they take all Advantages to execute their Spight and Malice on each other under the Notion of Justice and Piety We are daily alarm'd here with Tragical Relations of horrid Murders and Butcheries committed on the Protestants of Piedmont and other Parts under the Duke of Savoy Whilst some say That all these Reports are false and the Sufferings of those People are according to Law the due Punishment of their Rebellious Actions It is not in my Power to adjust their Differences nor is it Material to a Mussulman which of them has the Law on their Side Yet if I were inclin'd to take any Part it shou'd be that of the Oppressed Cruelty I abhor And our Holy Prophet has forbid Force to be us'd in Matters of Religion since the Conscience is Responsible to none but God May that God from whose Vnity have sprung all the Different Essences in the World and all the Variety in Nature give us Grace to love the Whole Creation and not to shed Blood unless in the Sacred Combat Paris the 13th of the 6th Moon of the Year 1655. LETTER V. To William Vospel a Recluse of Austria I HAD concluded thee Dead till thy Letter certify'd me to the Contrary So long a Silence between Friends wou'd put any Man upon the same Thoughts Ten Years have slipt away between my last to thee and thy Answer I hope thou dost not measure Time after the Rate of the Seven Sleepers Perhaps thou hast enjoin'd a Ten Years Silence and Abstinence from all Manner of Conversation by the Superiour of thy Convent Such Severities are not uncommon in Religious Societies where the main Business is to acquire Perfection The Armenian Monasteries are much more Rigid where but for One Extravagant Word I have known a Man's Tongue lock'd up for the Space of Two and Twenty Years under Pain of Excommunication and then releas'd onely for the Sake of a most Significant Jest put on the Patriarch in Mute Signs Wit will find a Way to vent it self tho' it be at the Fingers Ends. And for ought I know thou hast oblig'd thy Abbot to take off the Censure by the like Method There was Abundance of Satyre in the Subsannation of the Ancient Romans and no less Rhetorick in the Shrugg or Grimace of the Modern Italians The Mimicks of Scaramouchi are a perfect Lampoon and Harlequin is Burlesque all over Thou know'st I always entertain thee with one frivolous Discourse or other to divert thy Melancholy and thy own Letters give me Encouragement They seem to be writ in a pleasant Humour But
the Ground in Detestation of their Errors For they are worse than the Zindicks and Giafers I have more Charity for a Christian or a Jew than I have for these Vermin of the Land In fine I wish they were extirpated from the Earth and that they may after this Life be either Metamorphos'd into Hogs which Creature thou know'st is an Abomination to all Good Men and Angels and they already resemble it in their Uncleanness or else that they may become the Asses of the Jews in Hell to carry their Burdens for a Thousand Ages Paris 17th of the 11th Moon of the Year 1654. LETTER X. To Pesteli Hali his Brother Master of the Grand Signior 's Customs THE God of our Fathers grant thee as much Joy every Minute of thy Life as I feel at this Instant Wilt thou know the Occasion of this Unusual Transport I can hardly believe my self when I tell thee of an Adventure the most surprizing that ever happen'd to me since my Arrival in this City And perhaps thou wilt think I Romance in relating it But assure thy self that of a Truth Oucomiche our Mother is at this Time in Paris with our Cousin Isouf May a Thousand soft Passions thrill thy Heart when thou readest this News as they did mine when at my Chamber Door I first saw and knew the Face of her that bare me after I had given her over for Dead long ago for I had heard no Tidings of her these Eleven Years Good God! So strange and unexpected a Sight had almost dismantl'd my Sences those Out-Works of the Soul For a while I stood still astonish'd and trembling with Ecstacy I was not presently satisfy'd whether I beheld a Mortal or the Ghost of one For they say these appear in the same Forms as they bore when Alive Neither Age nor Travel with all the other Infirmities and Crosses of Human Life had so alter'd her Complexion but that I easily discern'd the manifest Features Lineaments and Air of my Mother I concluded therefore it must be She or her Apparition if there be any such Things These were my First Thoughts in that Waking Trance But her Voice and Address soon put me out of Doubt when impatient to see me stand like one Thunder-struck she ran to me with open Arms and Tears of Joy in her Eyes crying out with a Tone and Affection peculiar to Women Art thou alive my Son Mahmut Do these Eyes see thee or am I in a Dream For my Part I was as much upon the Rapture as she and hardly knew how to deport my self or what to say or do Yet the Fear I was in lest somebody in the House shou'd over-hear us and make ill Consequences of this Passionate Interview taught me a Lesson of Moderation and Prudence Wherefore I beckon'd to her to suppress her Passion and converse by Signs as the Custom is at the Mysterious Port. Those Silent Expressions of our mutual Love Joy and Admiration were not less significant because not cloath'd in Words Thou know'st there 's Eloquence enough in this Mute Language And I was Jealous of Words lest some Inquisitive Soul might understand us tho' we convers'd in Arabick After our first Endearments and Tendernesses were over in which my Cousin Isouf also had his Share for we were all reciprocally overjoy'd to see one another in this Nest of Infidels I began to consult the Safety of us all Three in providing convenient Lodgings for my Mother and Kinsman In Order to this we made a Visit to Eliachim the Jew who entertained us at a Banquet after the Fashion of the East We advis'd with that honest Hebrew about our Affairs I having made frequent and sufficient Proof of his Fidelity and Friendship In fine he took them both into his own House under the Notion of Greeks his Acquaintance judging this the securest Way to prevent any Discovery or even the least Suspicion of our Circumstances They have continu'd there these Five Days and their Character has not been question'd by any I visit 'em daily and we pass away many Hours in recounting the different Adventures of our Lives in discoursing of our Friends in Arabia Greece and other Parts of the World and in concerting the best Methods to serve one ●●other till Death shall divide us from our selves as well as from our Friends and rank us 〈◊〉 a List of Invisible Beings whose State and Qualities we know not Well but all this while I believe thou art Impatient to know what Motive of their own or Turn of Fortune drove them into so remote a Region as France a Country Inhabited by none but Infidels Shall I tell thee in a Word 'T was Love on her Part and the Desire of Novelty on his Our Kinsman Isouf from his Childhood felt powerful Inclinations to travel Which encreas'd with his Years and were much heighten'd by his Converse with Greeks Armenians Franks and some Mussulmans at Constantinople who had seen many Foreign Countries both in the East and West The Relations they made of the Curiosities they had seen and of their own Adventures fir'd his Youthful Blood and he form'd a Resolution to depart with the First Convenience from Constantinople and visit all the Regions in the World if his Life and Health wou'd hold out I formerly acquainted thee that he had survey'd the Greatest Part of Asia Since which he set forth again and having finish'd his Travels in that Quarter of the World he bent his Course for Africk where he visited Egypt Barbary the Empire of Morocco and Fez with that of the Aethiopians and many other Regions under the Torrid Zone too tedious for me at this Time to mention particularly because I write in Haste Hereafter I shall give thee a more ample Account of his Observations c. Wherein thou wilt find that Isouf has not altogether lost his Time At length having satisfi'd himself with whatsoever he thought worthy to be seen and known in that Southern Tract he parted from Fez with a Design to see Europe Some Bills of Exchange caus'd him to take Grand Caire in his Way where he encounter'd my Mother She perceiving that he wou'd take Shipping directly for France resolv'd to lay hold on so favourable an Opportunity of seeing me once more before she dy'd Wherefore imparting her Design to him Isouf offer'd her his utmost Service And having settl'd her Affairs at Caire and pack'd up her Money Jewels and other Necessaries they took the Road of Scanderoon where they soon arriv'd and putting themselves into the Habit of Greeks Isouf also speaking pretty well that Language and the Lingua Franca they bargain'd with the Master of a Vessel then lying in the Harbour and bound for Marseilles He took them on Board and under the Protection and Favour of Heaven they arriv'd safe at Marseilles and are now in this City Yet amidst all the Pleasure I conceive in the Presence of so near a Relation as a Mother I am not without some Qualms
can as soon withdraw it self as that Light when interrupted by a Cloud In a Word I conceive the Soul to be a very Free Agent and that it is here and there and every where It United it self to the Body by its own Choice and can retire again from it at Pleasure One closely pursu'd Act of Contemplation will at any Time carry thee or me to the Invisibles whenever we go resolutely about it Paris 1st of the 4th Moon of the Year 1659. LETTER XVII To the Venerable Ibrahim Cadilesquer of Romeli THere has not a Year escap'd since my Arrival at Paris wherein I did not send to the Ministers of the Ever Happy and Exalted Port constant Intelligence of Battles Sieges Storming of Towns and such other Occurrences of War as happen'd between the Kingdoms of France and Spain But now I believe my Future Dispatches must contain other Matters For in all Appearance this War which has lasted Four and Twenty Years is in a fair Way to be ended The King of Spain grows weary of his Continual Losses in Italy Flanders and Catalonia And he of France seems glutted with Perpetual Victories and Conquests In a Word these Two Potent Monarchs laying aside their Quarrels are making diligent Preparations this Year for a Campagne of Friendship and Love They are both in Arms yet commit no Acts of Hostility Whilst Cardinal Mazarini on the Part of this Crown and Dom Louis d' Aro de Gusman First Minister of Spain are gone to meet each other on the Frontiers of both Kingdoms as Plenipotentiaries for their Respective Masters to concert the Measures of a Lasting Peace and treat of a Marriage between the King of France and the Infanta of Spain All Europe is amaz'd at this surprizing Change And the French and Spaniards who border on each other can hardly believe their own Senses whilst they find a Mutual Commerce restor'd between their Frontier Towns and Villages which had been Interrupted ever since the Year 1635. about Sixteen Moons before I came to this City But though they are thus disposed to Peace here in the West the Northern Monarchs are pushing the War forward in Sueden Denmark and Poland with all Imaginable Vigour and Animosity The coming over of the Elector of Brandenburgh to the Danish Interest has made a great Alteration in their Affairs For whereas Fortune seem'd before in all Things to favour the Suedes now they lose Ground and find their Attempts Unsuccessful Four Thousand of their Men fell before the Walls of Copenhagen in Three Nights and Two Days Which caus'd King Gustavus to raise the Siege Whilst the Duke of Brandenburgh retook Fredericks-Ode and thereby restor'd to the King of Denmark the Provinces of Holstein Jutland and Ditmarsen The Hollanders also have had a Combat with the Suedes at Sea and sunk Fourteen of their best Ships Besides what they burnt and took These Events have stirr'd up several Princes to mediate a Peace And 't is not Improbable but in a little Time we may see all the Christians good Friends And then 't will be Time for the Mussulmans to be upon their Guard As for Mahmut he will not fail to pry into the Counsels of these Infidels and send timely Notices to the Port. Leaving the Rest to the Wisdom of his Superiours and the Pleasure of Destiny Paris 29th of the 6th Moon of the Year 1659. LETTER XVIII To Musu Abu'l Yahyan Alfaqui Professor of Theology at Fez. THE Character which the Great and Illustrious Abdel Melec Muli Omar President of Presidents Grace and Ornament of Ancient Learning Oracle of Africa and Restorer of Obsolete Truth has given me of thy Profound Wisdom and Science fills me with Reverence and Sacred Love I am ravished with Wonder and Joy to hear That in this Age wherein the Mussulman Theology has suffered so many Innovations there yet survives a Man who dares and is able to assert against all Opposers not only the Primitive and Original Truth brought down from Heaven by the Hand of Gabriel but also the Real and Indubitable Sayings Sermons Counfels and Actions of the Prophet whilst he was on Earth conversing with Mortals before his Transmigration to the Gardens of Eternal Repose and Solitude Thou art the Enoch the Hermes Trismegistus of the Age. I have seen many Copies of the Zunè or the Book of Doctrine each pretending to comprize the whole System of that Divine Philosophy and Wisdom which dropt from the Lips of our Incomparable and most Holy Law-giver and were Attested by his Wife the Holy Agesha Mother of the Faithful and by his Ten Disciples Yet all these various Transcripts differ both in their Sence and Manner of Expressions I have perused the Books Entituled Dahif or Imperfect which contain the Memoirs of his other Wives and the Manuscripts called Maucof or Fragments Being only a Collection of some Select Sentences Aphorisms and Parables of the Sent of God But these have no other Authority to back 'em save the Credit of some Learned Scribes who were not familiar with the Divine Favourite only living in his Time and taking Things on Report In fine I have met with several Parchments of the Zaquini or Pretended Traditions of Abu Becre Omar and Othman But these I esteem as Spurious Corrupted and full of Errors What shall I say The Zeal of Omar Ebn Abdi'l-Aziz the Ninth Caliph of the Tribe of Merwan is not unknown to me I am no Stranger to his singular Piety not to be matched among Crowned Heads For of him it is Recorded That as he descended from the Throne at the Time of his Inauguration he gave the Robe from his Back as an Alms to a Poor Man And That during his whole Reign he spent but Two Piasters a-Day on himself And so great was his Resignation to Destiny an Admirable Vertue in a Sovereign Emperour that when he was on his Bed in his last Sickness and was counselled to take Physick he answered No if I were sure to heal my self only by reaching my Finger to my Ear I would not For the Place to which I am going is full of Health and Bliss This Caliph was a Miracle of Humility and his Charity always kept him Poor Moslema Ebn Abdi'l Malec relates That going to visit Omar on his Death-Bed he found him lying on a Couch of Palm-Leaves with Three or Four Skins instead of a Pillow his Garments on and a foul Shirt underneath Seeing this Moslema was grieved and turning to his Sister Phatema the Empress he said How comes it to pass that the Great Lord Commander of the Faithful appears in so squalid a Condition She replyed As thou livest he has given away all that he had even to the very Bed that was under him to the Poor and only reserved what thou seest to cover his Nakedness Then Moslema could not refrain but burst forth into Tears saying God shew thee Mercy upon Mercy thou Royal Saint For thou hast pierced our Hearts with the Fear of his Divine Majesty This Caliph was numbred among the Saints He it was that perceiving the Contradiction and Disputes of the Mussulman's the Darkness and Confusion in the Various Copies of the Zunè or Book of Doctrine assembled a General Divan of Mollah's and Learned Men at Damascus from all Parts of the Empire Commanding that all the Manuscripts of the Zunè which were extant should be brought in to this Assembly on Pain of Death to him that should detain one This being done he Commanded Six of them to be chosen out of the Whole Number by Vote Men Eminent for Learning and Piety And that these Six should severally collect out of all the Multitude of Copies each Man a Book containing what he thought to be the most Genuine Discourses of the Prophet concerning this World and that which is to come When this was executed according to his Will he commanded all the Old Books to be burn'd in a Field near Damascus Yet after all the Religious Care of this Holy Caliph to restore these Writings to their Primitive Integrity the Mussulmans soon fell into New Contentions about the Sence and Interpretation of these Correct Copies of the Zunè From whence sprang the Four Cardinal Sects on which all the Innumerable lesser and later Divisions among True Believers are founded I cannot therefore but inwardly rejoyce and from my Heart highly applaud the Method taken by those of your Renowned College to discern the True Doctrines and Sayings of the Holy Prophet from those which are Supposititious by comparing all the Books that are extant together and reducing Matters of Divine Revelation to the Analogy of the Alcoran Those of Philosophy and Moral Regards to the Standard of Experience and Reason For it is Impious to believe that the Divine Apostle would impose any Thing on our Faith repugnant to the Sence of Men or the Express Will of Heaven By the Soul of Pythagoras Mahomet said Nothing but what was Rational and Evident to any Unprejudiced Mind But the Greatest Part of these Sectaries are besotted They form to themselves False Notions of God and his Prophet and think to merit Paradise by their Stupidity Reverend Alfaqui I have much more to say to thee and many Questions to ask But Time and the Grand Signior's Service force me to conclude abruptly wishing thee Perfection of Bliss Paris 29th of the 6th Moon of the Year 1659. according to the Christian Style The End of the Fifth Volume