forth_o that_o the_o agreement_n make_v in_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1575._o between_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n for_o the_o more_o quiet_a and_o certain_a execution_n of_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n be_v not_o observe_v to_o which_o sir_n edward_n cook_n answer_v that_o that_o suppose_a agreement_n have_v not_o be_v deliver_v unto_o they_o but_o have_v hear_v the_o same_o read_v before_o his_o majesty_n out_o of_o a_o paper_n not_o subscribe_v with_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o judge_n they_o answer_v that_o for_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o differ_v from_o their_o present_a answer_n it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o therefore_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n never_o assent_v thereunto_o as_o it_o be_v pretend_v neither_o do_v the_o phrase_n thereof_o agree_v with_o the_o term_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o dr._n dunn_n then_o judge_v of_o the_o admiralty_n will_v have_v produce_v such_o a_o agreement_n to_o the_o judge_n before_o the_o king_n but_o that_o he_o have_v some_o ground_n for_o the_o same_o which_o be_v suppose_v it_o may_v as_o well_o infer_v that_o those_o concession_n be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n because_o those_o judge_n do_v assent_v unto_o they_o as_o that_o they_o do_v not_o assent_v because_o they_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o same_o and_o it_o may_v as_o well_o be_v doubt_v whether_o those_o thing_n wherein_o those_o answer_n at_o that_o time_n do_v differ_v from_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o 8._o of_o king_n charles_n carol._n be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o it_o be_v confident_o affirm_v that_o wherein_o those_o concession_n do_v differ_v from_o those_o answer_n be_v against_o the_o same_o wherein_o the_o phrase_n of_o the_o request_n and_o answer_n be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o common_a law_n be_v not_o so_o much_o considerable_a as_o how_o the_o matter_n therein_o contain_v may_v consist_v both_o with_o law_n and_o equity_n and_o to_o that_o end_n it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o recite_v they_o as_o they_o be_v extant_a in_o several_a manuscript_n in_o which_o be_v collect_v thing_n of_o those_o time_n remarkable_a both_o concern_v the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n as_o follow_v 12._o of_o may_n 1575._o admiralty_n the_o request_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n to_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o her_o majesty_n bench_n and_o his_o colleague_n with_o their_o answer_n to_o the_o same_o that_o after_o judgement_n or_o sentence_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o any_o cause_n or_o appeal_v make_v from_o the_o same_o to_o the_o high_a court_n of_o chancery_n request_n it_o may_v please_v they_o to_o forbear_v the_o grant_n of_o any_o writ_n of_o prohibition_n either_o to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o say_a court_n or_o to_o her_o majesty_n delegate_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o he_o by_o who_o such_o appeal_n shall_v be_v make_v see_v by_o choice_n of_o remedy_n in_o that_o way_n in_o reason_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v content_v therewith_o and_o not_o to_o be_v relieve_v any_o other_o way_n answer_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n and_o his_o colleague_n that_o after_o sentence_n give_v in_o the_o delegate_n no_o prohibition_n shall_v be_v grant_v and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o sentence_n if_o a_o prohibition_n be_v not_o sue_v for_o within_o the_o next_o term_n follow_v sentence_n in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n or_o within_o two_o term_n after_o at_o the_o far_a no_o prohibition_n shall_v pass_v to_o the_o delegate_n that_o prohibition_n hereafter_o be_v not_o grant_v upon_o bare_a suggestion_n or_o surmise_n request_n without_o summary_n examination_n and_o proof_n make_v thereof_o wherein_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o the_o party_n defendant_n to_o have_v counsel_n and_o to_o plead_v for_o the_o stay_n thereof_o if_o there_o shall_v appear_v cause_n they_o have_v agree_v that_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n answer_n and_o the_o party_n defendant_n shall_v have_v counsel_n in_o court_n and_o to_o plead_v to_o stay_v if_o there_o may_v appear_v evident_a cause_n that_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n according_a to_o such_o a_o ancient_a order_n request_n as_o have_v be_v take_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o his_o council_n and_o according_a to_o the_o letter_n patent_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n for_o the_o time_n be_v and_o allow_v by_o other_o king_n of_o the_o land_n ever_o since_o and_o by_o custom_n time_n out_o of_o memory_n of_o man_n may_v have_v and_o enjoy_v cognition_n of_o all_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n rise_v as_o well_o beyond_o as_o upon_o the_o sea_n without_o let_v or_o prohibition_n this_o be_v agree_v upon_o by_o the_o say_a lord_n chief_a justice_n answer_n and_o his_o colleague_n that_o the_o say_a judge_n may_v have_v and_o request_n enjoy_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o charter-party_n make_v betwixt_o master_n of_o ship_n and_o merchant_n for_o voyage_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o be_v perform_v upon_o and_o beyond_o the_o sea_n according_a as_o it_o have_v be_v accustom_a time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o according_a to_o the_o goodâ—_n meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o of_o henry_n 8._o chap._n 14._o though_o the_o same_o charter-party_n be_v make_v within_o the_o realm_n answer_n this_o be_v likewise_o agree_v upon_o for_o thing_n to_o be_v perform_v either_o upon_o or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n though_o the_o charter-party_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o land_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o hen._n 8._o cap._n 14._o request_n that_o writ_n of_o corpus_fw-la cum_fw-la causa_fw-la be_v not_o direct_v to_o the_o say_a judge_n in_o cause_n of_o the_o nature_n aforesaid_a and_o if_o any_o happen_v to_o be_v direct_v that_o it_o may_v please_v they_o to_o accept_v of_o the_o return_v thereof_o with_o the_o cause_n and_o not_o the_o body_n as_o it_o have_v always_o be_v accustom_v answer_n if_o any_o writ_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v direct_v in_o the_o cause_n before_o specify_v they_o be_v content_a to_o return_v the_o body_n again_o to_o the_o lord_n admiral_n gaol_n upon_o certificate_n of_o the_o cause_n to_o be_v such_o or_o if_o it_o be_v for_o contempt_n or_o disobedience_n to_o the_o court_n in_o any_o such_o cause_n touch_v the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n 8._o caroli_n it_o may_v be_v consider_v that_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n majesty_n and_o twenty_o three_o lord_n and_o other_o of_o his_o majesty_n council_n they_o be_v subscribe_v unto_o by_o all_o the_o judge_n viz._n thomas_n richardson_n robert_n heath_n humphrey_n dawenport_n john_n denham_n richard_n hutton_n william_n jones_n george_n crook_n thomas_n trevor_n james_n weston_n robert_n barkley_n francis_n crawly_n and_o also_o by_o henry_n martin_n judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o william_n noy_n the_o attorney_n general_a and_o the_o transcript_n thereof_o be_v order_v to_o be_v enter_v in_o the_o register_n of_o the_o council_n cause_n and_o the_o original_a to_o remain_v in_o the_o council_n chest_n 18._o feb._n 1632._o sir_n edward_n cook_n concern_v the_o answer_n and_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n to_o those_o thing_n which_o he_o call_v articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la 3_o jacob_n say_v that_o although_o they_o be_v not_o enact_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n as_o the_o statute_n of_o articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la in_o the_o 9_o of_o edwaâ—â—_n 2._o be_v yet_o be_v resolve_v unanimous_o by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n they_o be_v for_o matter_n of_o law_n of_o high_a authority_n next_o unto_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n and_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o these_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n touch_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n aught_o to_o be_v of_o no_o low_a esteem_n the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o unanimity_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n to_o the_o former_a must_v be_v take_v upon_o the_o credit_n alone_o of_o sir_n edward_n cook_n but_o as_o to_o the_o latter_a the_o evidence_n thereof_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o joint_a subscription_n of_o all_o before_o name_v which_o be_v likewise_o attest_v by_o sir_n george_n crook_n who_o be_v one_o of_o they_o who_o in_o his_o report_n of_o hillary_n term_v 8_o caroli_n under_o the_o title_n of_o resolution_n upon_o cause_n of_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n write_v that_o it_o be_v agree_v as_o follow_v first_o if_o suit_n shall_v be_v commence_v in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n for_o contract_n or_o other_o thing_n personal_o do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n no_o prohibition_n be_v to_o be_v
law_n and_o statute_n law_n of_o england_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o law_n merchant_n and_o do_v leave_v the_o â—_z of_o merchant_n to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o that_o law_n which_o law_n merchant_n he_o say_v as_o it_o be_v part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n be_v universal_a and_o one_o and_o the_o same_o in_o all_o country_n of_o the_o world_n for_o as_o cicero_n say_v of_o that_o law_n 3._o non_fw-la erit_fw-la alia_fw-la lex_fw-la romae_fw-la alia_fw-la athenis_fw-la alia_fw-la nunc_fw-la alia_fw-la post_fw-la haec_fw-la sed_fw-la et_fw-la omnes_fw-la gentes_fw-la et_fw-la omni_fw-la tempore_fw-la una_fw-la eademque_fw-la lex_fw-la obtinebit_fw-la whereby_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o cause_n concern_v merchant_n be_v not_o now_o to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o peculiar_a and_o ordinary_a law_n of_o every_o country_n but_o by_o the_o general_a law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n he_o say_v further_a that_o until_o he_o understand_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o law_n merchant_n and_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n he_o do_v not_o a_o little_a marvel_n that_o england_n entertain_v traffic_n with_o all_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n have_v so_o many_o port_n and_o so_o much_o good_a ship_n the_o king_n of_o england_n also_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n what_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n there_o be_v to_o be_v find_v so_o few_o case_n concern_v merchant_n or_o ship_n but_o now_o the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v apparent_a for_o that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n do_v leave_v those_o case_n to_o be_v rule_v by_o another_o law_n namely_o the_o law_n merchant_n which_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n the_o law_n mariner_n to_o which_o happy_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o french_a agent_n mention_v ancient_a addition_n of_o the_o realm_n relate_v be_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v contain_v and_o preserve_v in_o the_o ancient_a black_a book_n of_o the_o admiralty_n as_o certain_a royal_a ordinance_n make_v by_o ancient_a king_n of_o the_o realm_n 2_o the_o judgement_n or_o resolution_n of_o oleron_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o 3_o certain_a verdict_n give_v upon_o a_o inquisition_n at_o quinborough_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o some_o other_o matter_n touch_v the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n touch_v the_o black_a book_n of_o the_o admiralty_n mr._n selden_n style_v it_o 28._o vetusti_fw-la tribunalis_fw-la maritimi_fw-la commentarii_fw-la and_o codex_fw-la manuscriptus_fw-la de_fw-la admiralatu_fw-la and_o in_o his_o note_n upon_o fortescue_n 32._o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v in_o it_o worthy_a of_o observation_n constitution_n touch_v the_o admiralty_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o richard_n the_o first_o king_n john_n and_o edward_n the_o first_o touch_v the_o judgement_n or_o law_n of_o oleron_n 254._o and_o the_o use_n of_o they_o in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n mr._n selden_n where_o he_o from_o they_o argue_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o regard_n king_n richard_n the_o first_o do_v publish_v the_o sea_n law_n in_o the_o island_n of_o oleron_n which_o be_v then_o in_o his_o possession_n say_v that_o they_o be_v still_o in_o force_n and_o sir_n edward_n cook_n likewise_o argue_v 234._o that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n be_v long_o before_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o from_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n so_o call_v because_o they_o be_v there_o make_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o the_o inquisition_n at_o quinborough_n be_v take_v in_o the_o year_n 1376._o in_o the_o 49._o of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o by_o eighteen_o expert_a seaman_n before_o william_n nevil_n admiral_n of_o the_o north_n philip_n courtny_n admiral_n of_o the_o west_n and_o the_o lord_n latimer_n warden_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o relate_v as_o by_o the_o title_n appear_v to_o the_o usage_n of_o former_a time_n the_o verdict_n there_o give_v be_v desire_v to_o be_v establish_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n in_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o town_n adjoin_v to_o the_o thames_n to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o owner_n master_n and_o mariner_n of_o ship_n under_o penalty_n 17._o etc._n etc._n and_o malines_n write_v that_o he_o have_v see_v they_o enroll_v among_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o admiralty_n 2_o that_o general_o where_o law_n have_v be_v provide_v for_o business_n concern_v the_o sea_n as_o also_o in_o england_n several_a judge_n have_v be_v appoint_v to_o determine_v difference_n and_o redress_v offence_n concern_v the_o same_o 37._o gregorius_n tholosanus_n say_v judicum_fw-la diversorum_fw-la ratio_fw-la eo_fw-la dirigitur_fw-la ut_fw-la light_n facilius_fw-la expediantur_fw-la ne_fw-la immortales_fw-la sint_fw-la sub_fw-la judicibus_fw-la mole_n negotiorum_fw-la occupatis_fw-la &_o proinde_fw-la cum_fw-la commercia_fw-la hominum_fw-la sint_fw-la maximae_fw-la utilitatis_fw-la placuit_fw-la negotiatoribus_fw-la proponi_fw-la proprios_fw-la judices_fw-la and_o according_o first_o the_o grecian_n have_v their_o special_a and_o proper_a judge_n appoint_v for_o those_o business_n so_o suidas_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o natodicae_fw-la be_v magistrate_n who_o do_v justice_n to_o seaman_n and_o other_o who_o trade_n by_o sea_n and_o the_o athenian_n have_v a_o express_a law_n to_o that_o purpose_n atticis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n that_o action_n concern_v seaman_n and_o merchant_n shall_v be_v commence_v before_o the_o judge_n call_v the_o smothetae_fw-la according_a to_o their_o instrument_n of_o contract_n and_o deal_n second_o among_o the_o roman_n there_o be_v ancient_o a_o officer_n call_v praefectus_fw-la classis_fw-la by_o tully_n and_o livy_n 14._o and_o javolenus_fw-la make_v mention_n of_o seius_n saturninus_n archigubernius_fw-la classis_fw-la britannicae_n and_o tacitus_n of_o praetor_n classis_fw-la which_o name_n import_v a_o power_n of_o judicature_n in_o latter_a time_n they_o have_v also_o a_o magistrate_n who_o be_v call_v comes_fw-la commerciorum_fw-la commercijs_fw-la who_o office_n be_v to_o oversee_v matter_n of_o commerce_n or_o negotiation_n three_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v break_v into_o several_a state_n the_o lesser_a as_o republic_n have_v their_o consul_n and_o the_o great_a kingdom_n have_v their_o admiral_n to_o order_n and_o determine_v those_o business_n the_o office_n of_o the_o consul_n be_v describe_v in_o the_o consolato_fw-la del_fw-it mare_fw-la consoli_n determinano_n â—utti_v le_fw-fr controversy_n 20._o etc._n etc._n the_o consul_n determine_v all_o controversy_n which_o be_v for_o fraight_n for_o damage_n do_v to_o good_n on_o shipbord_n for_o part_n of_o ship_n to_o be_v set_v to_o sale_n at_o a_o outcry_n for_o commission_n give_v to_o master_n and_o mariner_n for_o debt_n contract_v by_o master_n for_o the_o necessary_a use_n of_o the_o ship_n for_o thing_n promise_v or_o undertake_v betwixt_o merchant_n and_o mariner_n for_o good_n take_v up_o at_o sea_n and_o general_o for_o all_o other_o contract_n and_o business_n which_o be_v declare_v among_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o sea_n 27._o four_o the_o venetian_a state_n be_v a_o seignory_n when_o any_o great_a war_n be_v expect_v or_o undertake_v have_v their_o general_n or_o supreme_a commander_n of_o the_o navy_n who_o be_v of_o as_o high_a a_o esteem_n as_o any_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n have_v absolute_a power_n over_o all_o officer_n and_o other_o of_o the_o navy_n at_o other_o time_n the_o legatus_fw-la classis_fw-la or_o vice-general_n have_v the_o power_n of_o dispose_n of_o the_o navy_n and_o over_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o galley_n and_o other_o person_n of_o the_o navy_n 17._o they_o have_v beside_o four_o consul_n who_o judge_n and_o determine_v all_o matter_n concern_v negotiation_n and_o trade_n 26._o five_o admiral_n in_o europe_n have_v their_o beginning_n as_o most_o affirm_v in_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n and_o that_o in_o magna_fw-la graecia_n which_o be_v now_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n where_o the_o dignity_n of_o admiral_n be_v the_o three_o place_n to_o wit_n after_o the_o vice_n roy_fw-fr admire_v and_o constable_n to_o who_o belong_v the_o building_n repair_v and_o keep_v of_o the_o ship_n royal_a and_o set_v out_o of_o the_o fleet_n for_o war_n with_o the_o king_n consent_n he_o have_v also_o jurisdiction_n civil_a and_o criminal_a among_o commander_n officer_n and_o other_o employ_v about_o the_o navy_n and_o all_o other_o who_o get_v their_o livelihood_n by_o the_o industry_n and_o art_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v such_o which_o transport_v in_o ship_n and_o adventure_v their_o estate_n by_o sea_n as_o also_o such_o that_o make_v it_o their_o trade_n to_o take_v fish_n or_o do_v build_v ship_n this_o court_n be_v call_v magna_fw-la curia_fw-la and_o from_o it_o there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n only_o to_o the_o supreme_a
the_o grecian_n call_v a_o bill_n of_o this_o kind_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 33._o quae_fw-la de_fw-la nautico_fw-la soenore_fw-la conscripta_fw-la est_fw-la of_o which_o nauticum_fw-la foenus_fw-la there_o be_v several_a title_n in_o the_o digest_v and_o code_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o money_n so_o lend_v to_o be_v transport_v at_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o lender_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v call_v pecunia_n trajectitia_fw-la of_o which_o salmatius_n pecunia_fw-la trajectitia_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quae_fw-la trans_fw-la mare_fw-la vehenda_fw-la accipitur_fw-la 2._o &_o usurae_fw-la quae_fw-la ex_fw-la pacto_fw-la in_o eam_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la praestantur_fw-la maritimae_n &_o nauticae_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la four_o bill_n of_o sale_n of_o ship_n be_v make_v conformable_a to_o maritine_n law_n for_o as_o west_n in_o his_o precedent_n deliver_v the_o form_n it_o be_v in_o such_o bill_n of_o sale_n express_v and_o declare_v that_o he_o that_o sell_v the_o ship_n bind_v himself_o his_o executor_n and_o administrator_n the_o say_a ship_n so_o bargain_v and_o sell_v to_o warrant_v and_o defend_v against_o all_o man_n for_o one_o whole_a year_n and_o a_o day_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n the_o danger_n of_o the_o sea_n fire_n and_o enemy_n only_o except_v these_o thing_n be_v consider_v it_o may_v be_v think_v reasonable_a that_o such_o contract_n and_o write_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o law_n among_o merchant_n and_o other_o maritime_a law_n the_o suit_n arise_v about_o the_o same_o shall_v rather_o be_v determine_v in_o those_o court_n where_o the_o proceed_n and_o judgement_n be_v according_a to_o those_o law_n than_o in_o other_o court_n which_o take_v no_o notice_n thereof_o for_o the_o restrain_v of_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n from_o proceed_v in_o suit_n arise_v from_o such_o contract_n and_o write_n make_v at_o land_n although_o the_o business_n therein_o contain_v be_v to_o be_v perform_v at_o sea_n among_o the_o authority_n cite_v by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n there_o may_v be_v intend_v appliable_a to_o this_o purpose_n first_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o the_o 15._o of_o richard_n the_o 2._o chap._n 15._o second_o some_o judgement_n give_v and_o prohibition_n grant_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n concern_v cause_n of_o this_o sort_n commence_v in_o the_o admiralty_n touch_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 15._o of_o richard_n the_o 2._o chap._n 34._o which_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o main_a objection_n against_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n it_o may_v be_v conceive_v that_o whereas_o that_o of_o the_o 13._o chap._n only_o in_o general_n restrain_v the_o admiral_n from_o meddle_v with_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n and_o allow_v they_o to_o meddle_v with_o thing_n do_v on_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v relate_v to_o the_o sea_n this_o statute_n be_v intend_v to_o declare_v more_o express_o both_o in_o what_o place_n and_o in_o what_o matter_n they_o shall_v not_o meddle_v and_o touch_v the_o place_n in_o regard_n the_o word_n realm_n 43._o as_o sir_n edward_n cook_n observe_v in_o a_o general_a sense_n extend_v to_o the_o sea_n within_o the_o king_n dominion_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o land_n declare_v the_o restraint_n to_o be_v only_o within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n and_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v that_o he_o intend_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o body_n and_o the_o extremity_n or_o bound_n of_o county_n as_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 3._o of_o edward_n 1_o make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o shire_n and_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o march_n and_o border_n of_o shire_n whence_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 5._o of_o elizabeth_n chap._n 5._o allow_v to_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n as_o the_o main_a sea_n so_o also_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o in_o that_o respect_n this_o statute_n special_o except_v from_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n the_o conusance_n of_o wreck_n of_o sea_n as_o happen_v on_o the_o coast_n or_o shore_n of_o the_o sea_n out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n so_o that_o as_o to_o the_o place_n or_o territory_n of_o the_o restraint_n this_o statute_n declare_v it_o straight_a than_o that_o of_o the_o 13._o of_o richard_n the_o second_o touch_v the_o matter_n with_o which_o the_o admiral_n by_o this_o statute_n be_v not_o to_o meddle_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n they_o be_v express_o declare_v first_o contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n that_o be_v personal_a action_n concern_v contract_n and_o second_o be_v employ_v matter_n criminal_a and_o the_o prosecution_n of_o they_o touch_v the_o first_o which_o concern_v this_o assertion_n the_o word_n be_v that_o the_o court_n of_o almiralty_n have_v no_o manner_n of_o conusance_n of_o any_o contract_n plea_n or_o quarrel_n rise_v within_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n but_o all_o such_o contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n shall_v be_v try_v determine_v and_o remedy_v by_o the_o common_a law_n which_o word_n be_v so_o general_a that_o it_o be_v pretend_v they_o ought_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o all_o contract_n and_o write_n whatsoever_o even_o of_o such_o as_o concern_v sea_n business_n if_o they_o be_v make_v or_o write_v within_o the_o body_n of_o any_o country_n in_o answer_v whereunto_o there_o may_v be_v take_v into_o consideration_n a_o general_n rule_v cite_v by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n allow_v as_o he_o say_v by_o all_o law_n 330._o in_o construction_n of_o statute_n viz._n quamvis_fw-la lex_fw-la generaliter_fw-la loquatur_fw-la restringenda_fw-la tamen_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la cessante_fw-la ratione_fw-la &_o ipsa_fw-la cesset_fw-la cum_fw-la enim_fw-la ratio_fw-la sit_fw-la anima_fw-la vigorque_fw-la ipsius_fw-la legis_fw-la non_fw-la videtur_fw-la legislatur_fw-la id_fw-la sensisse_fw-la quod_fw-la ratione_fw-la caret_fw-la â—tiamsi_fw-la verborum_fw-la generalitas_fw-la prima_fw-la fancy_n aliter_fw-la suadeat_fw-la and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o statute_n as_o may_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o preamble_n as_o the_o key_n thereof_o be_v to_o hinder_v the_o admiral_n encroach_a of_o divers_a jurisdiction_n franchise_n and_o profit_v pertain_v to_o the_o king_n and_o other_o lord_n beside_o those_o they_o be_v wont_a or_o aught_o to_o have_v of_o right_a by_o which_o word_n it_o be_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o conusance_n of_o some_o maâ—ters_n do_v former_o belong_v to_o that_o jurisdiction_n and_o not_o to_o diminish_v any_o of_o their_o ancient_n and_o just_a right_n in_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v permit_v and_o allow_v to_o the_o admiral_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 15._o of_o richard_n 2._o and_o unto_o which_o neither_o the_o king_n court_n noâ—_n the_o court_n of_o any_o other_o lord_n have_v former_o before_o this_o statute_n any_o pretence_n sir_n edward_n cook_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o 1._o objection_n of_o the_o complaint_n 8â—_n jacobi_fw-la say_v that_o the_o judge_n acknowledge_v that_o of_o contract_n pleaâ—_n and_o quarrel_n make_v upon_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n the_o admiralty_n have_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v jurisdiction_n and_o that_o no_o precedent_n can_v be_v show_v that_o any_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v for_o any_o contract_n plea_n or_o quarrel_v concern_v any_o marine_a cause_n make_v or_o do_v upon_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o word_n he_o imply_v that_o although_o the_o admiral_n have_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v jurisdiction_n upon_o the_o sea_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o concern_v marine_a cause_n but_o if_o a_o contract_n plea_n or_o quarrel_n be_v make_v or_o do_v upon_o the_o sea_n concern_v any_o terrene_a cause_n or_o matter_n concern_v business_n of_o the_o county_n a_o prohibition_n may_v be_v grant_v now_o it_o may_v seem_v worthy_a of_o consideration_n whether_o any_o reason_n can_v be_v show_v why_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n ought_v to_o have_v cognizance_n of_o contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n which_o concern_v terrene_a cause_n or_o matter_n concern_v business_n of_o the_o county_n make_v or_o do_v upon_o the_o sea_n yet_o if_o contract_v plea_n or_o quarrel_n which_o concern_v marine_a cause_n or_o matter_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n be_v make_v or_o do_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n the_o admiral_n ought_v not_o to_o have_v the_o like_a cognizance_n and_o if_o no_o reason_n thereof_o can_v be_v show_v how_o according_a to_o the_o general_a rule_n which_o sir_n edward_n cook_n deliver_v touch_v the_o construction_n of_o statute_n the_o common_a interpretation_n which_o be_v make_v of_o that_o of_o the_o 15._o of_o richard_n 2._o chap._n 3._o by_o which_o contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n arise_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n be_v extend_v to_o contract_n plea_n or_o quarrel_n relate_v to_o marine_a affair_n can_v be_v justify_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o rule_n be_v cum_fw-la ratio_fw-la sit_fw-la anima_fw-la legis_fw-la non_fw-la
may_v soon_o swallow_v up_o the_o other_o not_o only_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o subject_n for_o who_o good_a the_o diversity_n of_o court_n be_v erect_v but_o also_o the_o wrong_n of_o the_o prince_n from_o who_o those_o jurisdiction_n be_v derive_v sir_n thomas_n rydlye_n in_o his_o view_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n further_o show_v how_o injurious_a to_o the_o admiralty_n and_o unreasonable_a this_o practice_n be_v in_o regard_n that_o in_o law_n no_o fiction_n ought_v to_o be_v admit_v but_o such_o as_o be_v both_o possible_a and_o equitable_a first_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v possible_a because_o otherwise_o it_o be_v to_o admit_v that_o by_o way_n of_o supposition_n which_o nature_n will_v not_o allow_v and_o therefore_o although_o one_o that_o be_v dead_a to_o some_o construction_n of_o law_n may_v be_v feign_v to_o be_v alive_a if_o at_o that_o time_n any_o of_o his_o equal_n in_o age_n be_v still_o live_v yet_o one_o who_o die_v two_o hundred_o year_n since_o can_v to_o any_o purpose_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v live_v all_o of_o the_o same_o age_n be_v long_o before_o dead_a second_o the_o fiction_n ought_v to_o be_v equitable_a because_o if_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n for_o it_o it_o be_v altogether_o unnecessary_a and_o useless_a and_o therefore_o although_o the_o law_n may_v admit_v a_o fiction_n or_o supposition_n that_o a_o child_n in_o the_o mother_n womb_n be_v already_o bear_v for_o its_o benefit_n in_o regard_n that_o otherwise_o it_o may_v be_v deprive_v of_o its_o filial_a portion_n or_o some_o other_o right_n in_o equity_n belong_v to_o it_o yet_o where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o reason_n or_o equity_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v as_o vain_a and_o ridiculous_a but_o for_o the_o fiction_n of_o a_o ship_n to_o arrive_v in_o wardo_fw-it de_fw-fr cheap_a where_o there_o be_v no_o water_n to_o bear_v or_o carry_v be_v of_o a_o thing_n utter_o impossible_a and_o it_o be_v whole_o void_a of_o equity_n because_o a_o trial_n of_o any_o business_n thereupon_o can_v obtain_v any_o just_a and_o fait_fw-fr remedy_n thereby_o at_o the_o common_a law_n which_o may_v not_o have_v be_v have_v in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n which_o be_v a_o more_o competent_a and_o proper_a court_n for_o the_o trial_n of_o such_o thing_n than_o any_o court_n of_o the_o common_a law_n second_o concern_v action_n of_o trespass_n the_o admiral_n in_o his_o ordinary_a capacity_n claim_v no_o jurisdiction_n of_o offence_n against_o the_o crown_n but_o only_o on_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o wrong_n and_o injury_n do_v in_o other_o place_n without_o force_n or_o violence_n to_o make_v such_o cause_n triable_a in_o the_o king_n court_n it_o be_v suggest_v that_o they_o be_v do_v vi_o &_o armis_fw-la which_o be_v the_o usual_a form_n of_o endictment_n of_o trespass_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o of_o cut_v of_o a_o purse_n although_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v no_o fear_n nor_o violence_n use_v in_o commit_v the_o same_o touch_v the_o interrupt_n and_o obstruct_v the_o proceed_n in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o cause_n proper_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o concern_v stipulation_n and_o libel_n although_o it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o what_o sir_n edward_n cook_n affirm_v 7.9_o that_o where_o the_o principal_a matter_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v of_o ecclesiastical_a cognisance_n the_o temporal_a judge_n ought_v not_o to_o call_v in_o question_n the_o form_n of_o proceed_n though_o they_o be_v against_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o common_a law_n because_o cuilibet_fw-la in_o sua_fw-la arte_fw-la merito_fw-la credendum_fw-la that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v allow_v in_o the_o admiral_n court_n yet_o in_o the_o three_o objection_n of_o the_o complaint_n 8_o jacob_n it_o be_v show_v that_o whereas_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n the_o admiral_n court_n have_v use_v to_o take_v stipulation_n for_o appearance_n and_o performance_n of_o the_o act_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o same_o court_n it_o be_v now_o affirm_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n that_o the_o amiralty_n court_n be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n and_o therefore_o not_o able_a to_o take_v such_o stipulation_n and_o hereupon_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o utter_a overthrow_n of_o that_o court_n the_o answer_n whereunto_o be_v that_o the_o admiralty_n proceed_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n and_o therefore_o can_v take_v any_o such_o recognizance_n as_o a_o court_n of_o record_n may_v do_v and_o for_o take_v of_o recognizance_n against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n we_o find_v that_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v as_o by_o the_o law_n they_o ought_v and_o if_o a_o erroneous_a sentence_n be_v give_v in_o that_o court_n no_o writ_n of_o error_n but_o a_o appeal_n to_o certain_a delegate_n do_v lie_v as_o it_o be_v apparent_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 8_o eliz._n reginae_fw-la cap._n 5._o which_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n whereunto_o it_o may_v be_v reply_v 15._o that_o some_o thing_n do_v by_o or_o before_o the_o admiral_n be_v matter_n of_o record_n may_v be_v maintain_v from_o a_o ancient_a ordinance_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o with_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n at_o grimsby_n viz._n that_o when_o the_o king_n write_v by_o his_o letter_n patent_n to_o the_o admiral_n to_o arrest_v ship_n more_o or_o less_o for_o his_o service_n and_o that_o the_o admiral_n shall_v write_v to_o his_o lieutenant_n to_o see_v thing_n put_v in_o execution_n according_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o admiral_n and_o his_o lieutenant_n be_v of_o record_n after_o the_o admiral_n shall_v have_v write_v to_o the_o king_n or_o to_o the_o chancellor_n of_o england_n the_o name_n of_o the_o ship_n arrest_v together_o with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o owner_n and_o master_n of_o they_o in_o that_o case_n neither_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n nor_o the_o master_n shall_v be_v admit_v to_o say_v that_o the_o ship_n be_v not_o arrest_v but_o admit_v that_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n be_v not_o a_o court_n of_o record_n in_o ordinary_a matter_n no_o more_o be_v the_o stipulation_n take_v there_o such_o recognizance_n as_o be_v require_v to_o be_v take_v in_o court_n of_o record_n by_o the_o common_a law_n those_o stipulation_n cause_v no_o privilege_v obligation_n before_o other_o bond_n nor_o extend_v to_o any_o part_n of_o man_n land_n which_o be_v otherwise_o in_o recognizance_n take_v in_o court_n of_o record_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o it_o may_v seem_v strange_a thâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d edward_n cook_n acknowledge_v and_o â—â—â—â—â—ing_v the_o proceed_n of_o that_o 〈…〉_z according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n 〈…〉_z stipulation_n or_o have_v for_o the_o 〈◊〉_d appearance_n and_o the_o performance_n of_o deâ—crees_n and_o sentence_n in_o â—hat_n court_n prâ—scribed_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n ne_o judicia_fw-la sint_fw-la elusoria_fw-la and_o unversal_o practise_v where_o judicial_a proceed_n be_v according_a to_o that_o law_n as_o likewise_o in_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n court_n and_o in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o university_n proceed_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o same_o shall_v not_o be_v allow_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o the_o complaint_n in_o this_o point_n may_v seem_v the_o more_o considerable_a in_o regard_n that_o to_o the_o public_a notary_n about_o the_o exchange_n with_o out_o exception_n or_o control_v it_o have_v be_v allow_v that_o merchant_n appear_v before_o they_o in_o a_o manner_n near_o to_o the_o recognizance_n of_o the_o common_a law_n do_v acknowledge_v bond_n and_o bind_v see_v &_o executores_fw-la &_o bona_fw-la tam_fw-la immobilia_fw-la quam_fw-la mobilia_fw-la praesentia_fw-la in_o futura_fw-la and_o sometime_o themselves_o be_v absent_a the_o same_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o their_o â—_z by_o their_o servant_n or_o factor_n exhibit_v procuration_n from_o they_o to_o that_o purpose_n and_o it_o may_v be_v note_v that_o among_o sir_n edw._n cook_n authority_n there_o can_v be_v discern_v any_o statute_n judgement_n or_o book-case_n to_o make_v good_a the_o answer_n to_o that_o objection_n in_o the_o complaint_n second_o concern_v libel_n in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n the_o lord_n hobard_fw-mi in_o aud_o and_o jenning_n case_n affirm_v that_o if_o a_o contract_n in_o truth_n be_v make_v at_o sea_n and_o in_o the_o admiral_n court_n it_o be_v lay_v general_o without_o say_v supper_n alto_fw-mi mari_fw-fr a_o prohibition_n may_v lie_v for_o the_o libel_n must_v warrant_v the_o sure_a in_o itself_o but_o justice_n reeves_n in_o his_o argument_n paschae_fw-la 22._o garoli_fw-it differ_v from_o he_o in_o opinion_n and_o distinguish_v betwixt_o a_o particular_a jurisdiction_n create_v in_o diminution_n of_o the_o general_a court_n of_o common_a law_n and_o a_o particular_a jurisdiction_n over_o thing_n that_o never_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n