shall we be sorry for them No we will rather rejoyce and thinke we must follow them when we have fought that good fight against our enemies we shall be crowned with them in glory and rejoyce following the Lambe where ever he goeth and till then his right hand will sustaine us as before for he is our helper and hath sworne by his right hand and the Arme of his strength that he will not forsake us till we rest with him in glory Here also we see that his Majestie having trusted our Nation more than his owne or the Dutch he doth leave them ingaged with the enemy till his Majesties retreate were made sure both first and last Where we see that friendship and true service is best tryed in extremitie for no greater testimony can be given of true service than when the servant doth endanger his own life and honour for the reliefe of his Master as that young Cavalier Captaine Mac-Kenyee did here being a generous act for the safetie of a King which ought to be recorded to vindicate his honour from oblivion whose memory merits to be rewarded that others might imitate his noble example Here also we see that sufferance in a noble manner causeth love for that young Cavalier Henry Lindesey then an Ensigne not able to helpe himselfe his Camerades loving him dearely and the more for his noble sufferance they helpt him off from the crueltie of his enemies to preserve his life for a better occasion who by Gods providence was miraculously healed having lost a great part of his shoulder a wonder in an age such wounds to be cured The twenty-one Dutie discharged at Copemanhagen where the Regiment was completed againe with the Recreut AS all things are preserved by a glorious order so his Majestie after his retreate beginneth againe to make up the body of an Armie to be setled all Winter in quarters within Denmark that against the Spring he might either beate the enemy out of Holsten or otherwise with his sword in his hand make an honourable peace after which resolution taken there was order sent to my Colonell to bring his Regiment to the fields and to reforme the weake Companies that have no Recreut brought over and to strengthen the rest of the Companies till the Regiment was made complete Sir Patrick Mac-Gey having stayd in Scotland his Company was cashier'd and Captaine Annans also in place whereof the Colonell did get from his Majestie two Companies that were sent over by Colonell Sinclaire viz. Captaine George Stewart and Captaine Francis Trafford which were both joyned to the Regiment The Lord of Fowles having leavied a Company in Scotland joyned also to the Regiment Iohn Sinclaire was made Captaine Lievetenant to the Colonels Company Lievetenant Stewart being married having stayd in Scotland with his wife his place was given to Eye Mac-Key and William Brumfield was made Ensigne to Captaine Mac-Kenyee The Lievetenant Colonell having quit the Regiment I succeeded to his place and his Lievetenant Andrew Stewart the Earle of Traquairs brother succeeded Captaine to the Company Ensigne Seaton being made Lievetenant the Captaines brother William Stewart was made Ensigne Tullough his Company was recreuted and was full by his old Officers Beaton and Iohnson Iohn Monro his Company being recreuted long David Monro was made Lievetenant and long William Stewart Ensigne Captaine Monro of Obstell his Company being complete William Carre was made Lievetenant and Hector Monro Ensigne The Regiment thus complete was mustred and received a moneths meanes together with a reckoning of their by-past rests with an assignation on his Majestie of great Britaine for the payment of the moneys The Regiment thus contented the Colonell Captaine Monro of Obstell and Captaine Mac-Key returning for Britaine the Regiment being left under my command was directed to winter Garrisons as followeth The Colonels Company commanded by Iohn Sinclaire as Captaine Iohn Ennis Lievetenant and William Mac-Kenyee Ensigne were quartered in Langland Captaine Monro of Fowles his company was sent to lie in Feamer Andrew Monro being his Lievetenant and Iohn Rhode Ensigne Captaine Monro of Obstell his company was quartered there also and the foresaid Officers Captaine Iohn Monro his company and his Officers were also quartered there Captaine Forbesse of Tullough his company and Officers were quartered in Malline in Skoneland Captaine Mac-Kenyee his company and Officers foresaid were quartered with me in Malline in Skoneland Captaine George Stewart Robert Hume Lievetenant and Iohn Sanders Ensigne were quartered in Alzenburgh Captaine Francis Trafford his company being Welsh with his Officers were quartered in a Dorpe in Skoneland Captaine Andrew Stewart his company and Officers were quartered in London in Skoneland My company which was Lermonds with the Officers did lie in Garrison in Luckstad in Holsten The Officers that were reformed went to seeke their employments viz. Captaine Sanders Hay went to Sweden and was made Major to Sir Patricke Ruthven in Spruce Patricke Dumbarre was made Captaine to a Company of Danes Souldiers There happened also a mis-fortune this Winter in Feamer where Lievetenant Andrew Monro a valourous young Gentleman was killed in Combate by a Dutch called Ranso and Lievetenant William Mac-Key succeeded in his place being made Lievetenant to Fowles when William Gunne was preferred by me as Ensigne to the Colonells Company the rest of the Garrisons lay in quiet all Winter during which time his Majesties Commissioners lay at Lubeck treating for a peace with the Emperour The twenty-one Observation IN the Firmament we see all things are preserved by a glorious order the Sunne hath his appointed circuite the Moone her constant change and every planet and Starre their proper course and place the Earth also hath her unstirred stations the Sea is confined in limits and in his ebbing and flowing dances as it were after the influence and aspect of the Moone whereby it is kept from putrefaction and by strugling with it selfe from over flowing the land So that in this world order is the life of Kingdoms Honours Artes for by the excellency of it all things florish and thrive and therefore we see that this order is requisite to be observed in nothing more than in military discipline being the life of it Regiments then maintained in good order the Army can be but well ordered and the Army well ordered the King and country cannot but stand both in peace and warre for seldome we see any goodnesse in the refusing to obey good orders And we heare ordinarily that one bad voice puts twenty out of tune and that it is the chiefe property of a good Souldier first to learne to obey well in keeping of good order and then doubtlesse in time being advanced he cannot but command well so that here in ordering of this as in all things we see vicissitudes and alterations some Regiments made up and continue in florishing order other Regiments reduced taking an end as occasion and accidents of warre doe happen Spynies Regiment was reduced and my
are well rewarded when their followers are well disciplined 37 H. The opinion Subjects doe conceive of their Princes care in the conservation of his Kingdome moves them to obedience 43 P. Officers by their noble carriage and good example doe often encourage their followers to well-doing 55 B. Officers ought never out of ostentation to make choice of a weake Poste to defend as Seaton did at Trailsound 62 F. Officers or Souldiers that preferre their safetie before the reliefe of their Camerades may be justly called simple 72 S. P. The Properties of a valiant Souldier 72 S. Poule Leaguer called the Flesh-Leaguer where a great Oxe-hide was sold for a Can of Beere 15 N. The publique State being ruin'd he that lives at ease for his particular shall not escape from being ruin'd 59 D. Panick feare entering into Towne Strength or Armie is most dangerous in the night 73 W. Our Piety towards God and our reputation amongst men are the two things we ought to respect so long as we live 75 Y. Pittie never shines more cleerely than when shee is clad in steele 53 Z. A Pigeon carrying a Letter unto a beleaguered Towne taken and let loose 71 Q. R. Resolution is the most fortifying Armour a discreet man can weare 3 B. A Roman Captaine did tremble being victorious 16 N. Our Regiment was beholding to Duke Barnard of Wymar 19 R. A Reliefe in time is the most comfortable thing can come to a Souldier in time of hot service 23 W. The Roman Empire too little for a possession for the Prince Elector Palatine 37 I. Ravishers were punished with the losse of life and goods 44 Q. Remedies to hinder men from vice 44 R. Rutmaster Hoome and his Camerades helped to make the Scots retreat safe at Volgast 80 F. S. Scots readiest of all Nations to take a true Alarum 7 F. A Scots Suttler punished by Bees for his long stay 10 H. The Scots at Bisenberg resisted well the Storme 11 I. Souldiers of all professions should looke nearest to credit 14 M. Sinewes are added to the vertuous mind by noble actions and every one shall smell of that he is busied in 46 T. Scots Highland-men before Keel in necessitie made use of their swimming though wounded in their Clothes 55 B. Scots and English in forraine warre ever good seconds 60 E. A Souldier at Trailsound made a prettie reply to his Camerade being jeering 65 I. A Story notable of a Dragon and a Lyon 66 L. Sergeant Mackey and seven more killed in one night at Trailsound being all of our Regiment 68 M. A Stratagem whereby the Boores in Scotland made the English Horses to breake loose 70 Q. Seven hundred and threescore Shot of Cannon in one day were shot upon Frankendore in Trailsound 71 R. Spiney's Regiment entered into Trailsound 74 X. Souldiers are in policie like to the Crocodile for to make one another to fall they slime the wayes 76 Sir Alexander Lesly being made Governour of Trailsound conferred the credit of the first out fall on Spiney's Regiment 78 C. Sir Iohn Hume of Ayton being pittifully wounded was taken prisoner and dyed with the Enemy 78 C. A Servant that doth endanger his owne life for the reliefe of his Master testifies his true service as Mackenyee did 81 G. Sufferance in a noble manner begets love as Henry Lindesey dyed at Wolgast 80 T. T. Treatie or Still-stand the use of it 76 Trailsound became flourishing by their hopes having got Sir Alexander Lesly for their Governour 77 B. V. Vertue and wisedome are the best guards of safetie 42 M. VV. The Watch on the Elve surprised 24 X. Wounds gotten with credit are the best tokens of courage in a Souldier 23 W. Women are forbidden to shed teares for their children that dyed standing serving the Publique 26 Z. The wise man is onely the cunningest Fencer 42 N. Watch in beleaguered places is the maine point to be looked unto 64 H. In Warres Summum Ins is found to be Summa Injuria 64 H. Walestein his pride was great when he caused to kill the hurt Officers retired with slight wounds 69 O. A worthy Enemy reconciled can be a worthy Friend 77 A. That man is wise that is kinde to his Friend and sharpe to his Enemy but he is wiser that can entertaine his Friend in love and make his Enemy like him 77 A. THE LIST OF THE SCOTTISH OFFICERS IN CHIEFE CALLED the Officers of the Field that served his Majesty of Sweden Anno 1632. THE Marquesse of Hamilton Generall of the Brittish Army Sir Iames Spence Generall over Scots Sir Patrike Ruthven Governour of Vlme and since Generall Sir Alexander Lesly Governour over the Cities along the Baltique Coast and since Felt-marshall over the Army in Westphalia Generall Major Iames King since Lievetenant Generall Sir David Drummond Generall Major and Governour of Statin in Pomeren Sir Iames Ramsey Generall Major had a Regiment of Scots and since was Governour of Hanaw Colonells that served then of Scots My Lord of Rhees Mackey Colonell to a Briggad of Scots Sir Iohn Hephurne Colonell succeeded to command the Scottish Briggad and since was slaine in France Sir Iohn Ruthven Colonell to a Briggad of Dutch and since Generall Major Sir Iames Lumsdell Colonell to a Regiment of Scots Alexander Ramsey Colonell and Governour of Creutzenach Robert Lesly Colonell to a Regiment of Scots Robert Monro Baron of Fowles Colonell of Horse and Foore over Dutch and since died of his wounds at Vlme Iohn Monro of Obstell Colonell to a Regiment of Scots and since slaine on the Rhine in the Weteraw Lodovicke Lesly Colonell to a Regiment of Scots which was Sir Iohn Hamiltons Robert Monro Colonell to a Regiment of Scots which was my Lord of Rhees Iames Carre Colonell to a Regiment of Scots and since Generall Major Sir Fredricke Hamilton Colonell to a Regiment of Scots and Irish The Master of Forbesse Colonell to a Regiment of Scots Alexander Hamilton Colonell to a Regiment of Scots The Earle of Crawford Lindesey Colonell to a Foote Regiment of Dutch and since slaine William Baily Colonell to a Regiment of foote of Dutch Sir Iames Hamilton Colonell to a foote Regiment of Scots Iohn Forbesse Colonell to a foote Regiment of Dutch slaine in France Hugh Hamilton Colonell to a fote Regiment of Dutch Sir William Ballentine Colonell to a foote Regiment of English Sir Iames Ramsey Colonell to a foote Regiment of English and since died at London Alaxander Forbesse called Finnesse Forbesse Colonell to a Regiment of Finnes Walter Leckey Colonell to foote The English Colonells served then Colonell Austin Colonell to an English Regiment served in Germany Sir Iohn Cassells Colonell to a foote Regiment of English English Colonells which was levied by Sir Thomas Conway who was cast away on the coast of Denmarke with his Lievetenant Colonell George Stewart Sir George Fleetwood Colonell to a foote Regiment of English that served at this time in Spruce Scots Colonells that served at
against his enemies with the causes and motives which moved him to undertake warre against the Emperour together with the successe followed his Maiesty in this warre in having freed Porirren Maclenburg the three Markes of Brandenburg the Stift Breame the Stift Madeberg Saxon and Duringer already of the enemy As also Franconia after the in-taking of Wurtzburg in forcing Tillie with his Army that did come for their reliefes for scarcity to retire unto the upper Paltz from whence shortly he hoped to make him retire to Bavaria towards the Danow streame as he had made him to retire before from Leipsigh to the Waser streame and at last he hoped he should bring out of the Emperour and their Catholique League against all their wills a good Generall peace unto all the Evangelists and those of the reformed Religion in Germanie and he hoped to pay them home againe Iure Talionis in using their landes in Byerland as they had done his friends Landes in Maclenburg and Pomeren About this time Madeburg was blocked up by Generall Banier and the Britaines forces commanded and led by the Marquesse of Hamilton at which time also his Majesties Ambassadour of great Britaine Sir Henry Vaine arrived at Wurtzburg where his Honour with his noble traine had the good attendance and respect due given unto him by the whole Officers who were there of both Nations Scots and English whom my Lord Ambassadour courteously and kindly did entertaine with such respect as became his Honour to give unto Cavaliers and those who followed his Honour did also keepe familiaritie alike with both Nations At this time also was Lievetenant Colonell Huball sent with a Convoy of Horse and a thousand Dragoniers towards Hanow who tooke it in by surprize with very little losse where some hurt Officers that were come from Leipsigh were taken prisoners being under cure there The Towne being taken Huball being but before Livetenant Colonell to the blew Regiment having brought a part of the Countrie under contribution he gave out Patents for leavying of horse and foote in his owne name having had a sure muster-place and the helpe of Franckford besides immediatly he did get Commission of His Majestie for leavying three thousand horse and foote to be in two Regiments under his Command he was thus suddenly made up by one fortunate exploite without any great service or hurt to himselfe or those he did command At this same time or there abouts was Prague in Bohemia given over by accord unto Arnham Generall to the Saxons Armie The twenty one Observation HERE His Majestie was put to the triall of his judgement and dexteritie in Command after the intaking of Wurtzburg his Armie for the most part being sent from him under Command of Gustavus Horne towards Bambridge as also having weakened his Armie by beseting the Garrisons on the Maine not keeping above eight thousand foote and horse by himselfe at Wurtzburg while as Generall Tillie Altringer Feucker and the Duke of Loraine had joyned their forces together making up fiftie thousand men of intention to force a passe over the Maine to come at His Majestie His Majestie being sure Tillie would not harme the Countrie being Papists he resolved by cunctation and delaies to wearie him with a defensive warre keeping the maine strength of his Army within Wurtzburg being well provided of all furniture for horse and man he begunne to strengthen the Towne with the spade and the shovell in making of redoutes and skonces without it in manner of a Winter Leaguer he also caused Scaffold the walles round about within the Towne and fearing his coming on Oxenford he did the like discharging all duties himselfe from one place to an other as became a wise Generall that did foresee the designes of his enemie by a timely prevention according to the accidents circumstances and situation of places seeing his enemies strong and himselfe weake he tooke the first advantage This charge of a Generall to an Armie is a place of such weight and importance that few ought to long to intrude themselves in this kinde of Generall command being subject to infinite chances and altogether divers almost every houre set before him Truly though this King had a rare judgement with and dexteritie with great experience in his Command Neverthelesse to speake truth all the time I did follow his Majestie on occasions being neere three yeeres I did never see His Majestie so much troubled in minde and resolution as at this time in Oxenford not knowing well himselfe what to resolve the enemie being behind him and before him able to pursue Wurtzburg and Oxenford alike and to my minde if he had he might have carried both at that time for our Armie was not only scattered and dispersed but also we were weake and which was worse we were all of us discontented being too much toy led with marching working and watching without any pay or gaines for honest men At this time his Majestie stood in neede of assistance and good Counsell having enemies on all hands and a strong enemy the Country also unsure being unfriends and Papists and he being wise resolved without giving Battaile his best was to presse to overcome them with the season with hunger and cold with marches and delayes keeping himselfe within walles he knew well twelve Souldiers with a good Officer to direct them were better being willing to attend than a hundred naked and hungry Souldiers without whereby his enemies Armie were undone without hurt or detriment of his owne being well commanded and well foreseene and provided of all necessaries having given them besides as reward of their former services a little money knowing well how hungry men could be contented with little in time of neede for he resolved if the enemy pursued him hard within Wurtzburg he could not suffer himselfe to be beleaguered with a strong Armie in a straite place and to goe to the Fields with a discontented weake Armie which it behooved him to doe was not good The consideration of this forced him to give some moneys in hand to content them and hand-writ and assignations for more moneys to be payd unto them out of Newrenberg within six moneths afterwards As also his Majestie knew well the enemies Armie neere hand hearing there was money given out by his Majestie that it was the onely way to weaken and dissolve the enemies Armie in making their Souldiers runne away and to take service under his Majestie which in effect accordingly sell out for it being neere Winter and their Armie marched away their stragling Souldiers did strengthen our Garrisons having taken service under us having but heard of the brute of money that was given out amongst us Where we see how necessary it was at this time in such a dangerous extremitie for this little Armie to have beene commanded by a wise Generall that steered his course aright in middest of the greatest tempest like to a skilfull marriner where an arrogant fellow without skill that
side they plagued us still with cannon especially in the night time while it behooved us to have fire which was their marke so that sundry were lost and one night sitting at supper a Bullet of thirty two pound weight shot right out betwixt Colonell Hepburnes shoulder and mine going through the Colonells Coach the next shot kill'd a Sergeant of mine by the fire drinking a pipe of Tobacco This night the enemy made an out-fall to try his valour thinking to beate us from our cannon but he was bravely repulsed by push of Pike slightly esteeming of their muskets and scorning to use ours with sharpe points of pikes conveied them home to their Graffe The next day in the morning knowing his Majesty had crossed the Rhine they did capitulate with Colonell Hepburne who did give them being Italians more honourable quarters then in truth their carriage did deserve having got licence to march out Bag and Baggage with full Armes with a convoy to the next Garrison they being marched his Majesty having crossed the Rhine in the night where the Spaniard made some resistance but in vaine his Majesty having got over the next morning he marched towards Openham in the Paltz on the one side of the Towne and we setting over also we pursued the Towne and the Castle on the other side but Sr. Iames Ramsey his musketiers being led by their Major finding a privy passage about the Castle they stormed over the walles coming betwixt the outward Skonce and the castle and finding the draw-bridge downe on a sudden they entered the Castle and put all to the sword the rest of the enemy finding the Castle to be in they runne all to storme the Skonce on which were nine Companies of Italians with their colours their Officers finding the castle surprized behinde them and the storme going on before them they threw downe their Armes calling for quarters which was granted but their colours taken from them they willing to take service were all disposed by his Majesty to Sr. Iohn Hepburne who was not only a Colonell unto them but a kinde Patron putting them in good Quarters till they were armed and clad againe But their unthankfulnesse was such that they stayed not but disbandoned all in Bireland for having once got the warme ayre of the Summer they were all gone before Winter The twenty-third Observation HERE then we see that it is the dutie of all wise Generals of intention to beleaguer Citie Fort or Strength first to recognosce and having once recognosced then to proceed as they finde most advantagious for the Beleaguerer and disadvantagious for the assailed the pursuer must know what number of men are requisite for the pursute as well offensive as defensive In this point of recognoscing his Majesties judgement was wonderfull as in all other practicall duties fitting a great Commander and as his Majesties judgement was great and good so he was of that minde nothing in this kinde could be well done which he did not himselfe neither could his Majestie abide at such times as he went to recognosce any other to accompany him in the danger other reasons doubtlesse His Majestie had which were onely privie unto himselfe This point how necessarie it is for a great Commander to be judicious of no Souldier will doubt Here also we see His Majestie made no difference of season or weather in prosecuting his enemie when ever he found any advantage And therefore it was His Majesties wise resolution to crosse the Rhine while Generall Tillies Armie in the Winter time was farthest from him and making but a faint here before Oppenham his ayme and designe was to crosse the Rhine at an other part by shipping that while the enemie was busied in defence of the Skonce His Majestie might crosse at an other part for the Armie once crossed the Skonce was lost for want of supplie and His Majestie once over the whole Paltz and Mentz were in feare Nothing is more powerfull to resist resolution than resolution for it is said of the Oake being hard timber for to cleave it a sunder there must be wedges made of it selfe that hardnesse may overcome hardnesse My advise then to all brave fellowes watching in trenches or guarding Cannon while as the enemie would try their valour by out-falling in assailing them at such times let the defender doe as was done here leaving the use of the Musket as being more unreadie let them make use of their pikes meeting their enemies in the teeth with a strong firme bodie of Pikes after the old Scots fashion used by our Predecessours that fought pell mell with two-hand swordes till one of the parties did quit the field for though they suffer losse sure they must winne credit that repulse their enemie rather than disgracefully suffer their Cannon to be nayled or their braines knockt out in trenches while as they take them to the uncertaintie of the musket Therefore let resolution be ever present repulsing force with force for if thou wouldest be esteemed amongst the number of brave fellowes thou must resolve to shew thy selfe resolute couragious and valiant going before others in good example choosing rather to dye with credit standing serving the publique than ignominiously to live in shame disgracing both thy selfe and Countrie Who would not then at such times choose vertue before vice glorie honour and immortall fame before an ignominious shamefull and detestable life Let then my deere Camerades of the Brittish Nation where ever they serve embrace this my exhortation and lay it up in the secret corners of their heart and minde that they may be ever mindefull of their credits preferring credit to life for the honour of the invincible Nation doing ever as was done here by their Countrie men in one night thrice at three severall partes whereof twice in sight of their King and Master His Majestie crossing the Rhine did take with him the Scots which were there of Sir Iames Ramseys Regiment of old Spense his Regiment and of My Lord Rhees being landed the Spanish horsemen having furiously charged the Scots with a little advantage of a hedge stood by His Majestie against the Spanish horsemen and with a strong body of pikes and salves of musket resisted valiantly the horsemen till the rest were landed to relieve them As also the next day the Musketieres of Ramseys Regiment that on all occasions were wont to shew their valour were the first stormed the walles at Oppenham as they were the first with their Camerades that accompanied His Majestie at his landing in the Paltz testifying how willing they were to oppose danger in sight of their King and Master revenging themselves on the Spaniard a cruell enemy to the Daughter of our King and Sister to our Dread Soveraigne the Queene of Bohemia whom before they had removed by force of Armes from the sweete land of the Paltz where at this time they were fighting to invest againe His Majestie of Behemia her Husband and his Royall
love rather let all things seeme sweet unto thee for his sake who is and should be the end of all our thoughts of all our actions of all our speeches of our reading praying and meditating for through him we attaine unto salvation and everlasting life for his love we will not feare to die nor refuse to live Say then O Iesu how can I praise thee as I ought or thinke of thee as I am bound for thy infinite mercies Thee will I praise I will be readie to suffer for thee being assisted by thy grace I will magnifie and glorifie thee I humbly desire thy favour vouchsafe therefore to doe good unto me write my name in thy booke and let me never be blotted out but let me be accounted amongst the least of thine Elect I presume nothing of my selfe let all my comfort be in thy pretious bloud shed for me a sinner wherein I onely repose my desire is to be with thee in the land of the living in the Kingdome of heaven In the meane time I will behold thee in this life with the eyes of faith placing my joy in thee in this my pilgrimage and though I should be tossed too and fro yet will I retaine thee fast in my minde for thou art my brother that hast taken my flesh and bones on thee thanks be unto thee sweet Iesu that hast united thy humane nature unto the Divine unite me unto thee sweet Iesu and leave not my soule in the grave for thou art my Saviour and Redeemer for ever AMEN THE TABLE OF THE SECOND PART A. Page Letter ANDREVV and Iohn Monroes both died at Shevelben in the Marke 10 P. Authority laid aside he that obeyeth is as good as he that commandeth 14 V. Ambition grounded upon vertue maketh the meanest Souldiers mount from the lowest centry to the top of Honour 14 V. An Army sometimes is ruin'd by an idle and a vaine brute being brickle like glasse 16 Y. Avarice hath hin the losse of Armies and Kingdomes 82 Z. Ashamed we neede not be though poore being honest 96 A. Altringer shot in the head 117 Q. Ausburg given over by accord 117 R. Foure Armies against his Majesty of Sweden at once 126 I. Accidents of warre being infinite the knowledge of them can never be limited 155 E. Articles of warre the strictest lawes that are 161 R. A Christian Advertisment from over-mourning 170 F. An Advise to brave Leaders 93 W. B. The Benefit is great we have when Frontier Garrisons are well beset for the Enemy can be affronted in coming and going and we have time to draw breath 11 Q. A rare example of the valour of Blanch Rubea 27 M. A rare example of Bonne and her husband Peter Brunore of Parme. 27 N. Bonne being a woman yet she was valiant in Armes 28 O. At the Battaile of Leipsigh Sir Iames Ramsey Sir Iohn Hamilton and Colonell Monro of Foules commanded the Vangard of the foote Army 63 R. The Battell was begun the seventh of September 1631. in the afternoone betweene twelve and one 65 T. Few Britaines are induced to serve the Catholique League 75 N. Hohnwart Pfafenhowen Landshut with the Abby St Morris and the Abby of Saint George in Bavier all brought under contribution 122 A. The Boores in Bireland did cut off the Souldiers noses eares and legges 122 A. The Boores alleaged the dead were risen the Cannon being digged up out of the ground in Bavaria 125 G. The Boores in Schwabland being revolted are well payed 135 Z. The Boores though they grow pale for feare they are so impudent they never blush at their faults though they oftimes are well corrected for their errours 142 G. His Majesties Camer-yonker Boyen and Cratesten both slaine on a party at Nurenberg 145 N. The Boldnesse of one fellow being a Leader may engage a whole Army 152 Y. The Blew and Yellow as valorous old Souldiers charged well at Leitzen 163 T. A Bridge made over the Eler besides Kempten with small Cannon on their Carriage 176 R. C. Captaine Bullion his infalling in Rugenwald 4 L. Children doe sucke with the milke of their Nurses certaine beginnings of the evills to come our miseries growing as doth our age 7 N. A Commander keeping a Fort is like a body infected with a Canker who to preserve the body must resolve to lose a member 11 P. Colonell Mackey being gone for Britaine I was recalled to command the Regiment and to joyne my squadron to the rest at Statin 11 R. Colonell Monro and Sir Thomas Conway were both taken on to serve his Majesty of Sweden by my Lord Rhees Commission as Sir Fredericke Hamilton was by my Lord Forbesse 13 S. Colonell Lumsdell and Lievetenant Colonell Stewart brought over a Regiment for the Swedens service 13 S. A Colonell ought to have freedome to advance the Officers of his owne Regiment 13 T. Adiscreete Commander is better to be followed on little meanes then to follow proud Generalls for greedinesse of meanes 13 T. A Cavalier that hath merited well ought to be carefull to maintaine himselfe in credit according to his charge 21 C. Colonell Holke his Regiment lost seven Colours at Damaine 18 Z. Captaine Beaton behaved himselfe well against his Enemies at an out-fall by Damaine 18 Z. A Caveat to an Officer that hath prospered well timely to dispose of his plenty 20 C. Captaine Gunne Beaton and Lermond with their Officers were made Prisoners 23 F. Captaine Ennis and Lievetenant Lumsdell escaped from the Enemy 23 F. Captaine Iames Lyel was murdered 28 H. How Captaine Gunne was advanced 28 H. Captaine Henry Lindesey advanced being rewarded for vertue 28 I. Couragious hearts are oftimes hidden under uncleanly raggs 62 P. Change of Leaders changes oftimes fortune 50 Z. Colonell Tivell shot in the left Arme recognoscing before Francfurt on the Oder 31 V. Colonell Lumsdell his behaviour commendable at Francfurt 33 W. Commanders are to be pitied who undertake to leade others being blind themselves 35 Z. Captaine Dumaine died at Francfurt to whom succeeded David Monro 40 F. It s Commonly scene that those who feare least are soonest overcome as doth witnesse the taking of Francfurt on the Oder and Lansberg on the Wert 40 G. The Castle of Spandaw given unto his Majesty by the Duke of Brandenburg 43 L. The Citizens of Madeburg discommended for their pride 45 P. Captaine Andrew Monro Ferne his Sonne was executed at Statin in Pomeren who at the siege of Trailesound behaved himselfe well being made lame of an Arme. 47 S. The Common-wealth must needs decay where the feare of God is taken away and then the ruine of the people doth follow 48 V. Colonell Dowbatle with his Dragoniers did take in Tangermund on the Elve 49 W. Colonell Monro of Foules with his owne Regiment alone tooke in the Castle of Bloe in Macleburg 49 X. Cannon a hundred and fifty were planted about the Royall Leaguer before Werben 51 Z. The Conjunction of Brethren against Gods Enemies is
though the world should turne to nothing Here we see this magnanimous King his estate falling for his love to his Niece the distressed Queene of Bohemia and her Children seeing her baninished from her Kingdome by the sword of her enemies he hazards the losse of his Crowne and person to get her restored bringing the sword of his enemies within his owne Countrey fortune having crossed him abroad yet for all this this Magnanimous King was not dejected but with a couragious resolution makes use of the time retiring to one corner of his Kingdome to prevent the losse of the whole being naturally fortified with a broad graffe as the Isle of Britaine being strong of shipping having his Majestie of Britaine to friend and the Estates of the united Provinces he was carelesse of the Emperours forces by Sea or Land not being able to harme his Majestie more than they did By this example we may see what advantage our Soveraigne the Kings Majestie of great Britaine hath over all forraigne Kings in Europe through the scituation of his Dominions being mightie in power of men shipping and money is able to make warre abroad where he pleaseth and to make a safe Retreat when he pleaseth being Master at Sea as he can easily be terrifying his enemies with one Armie abroad and a strong Armie at Sea he can offend whom he will and retire when he list forcing all Europe to be in feare of him and his Majestie in feare of none but of the King of Kings The Lord therefore preserve his Majestie his Children and Subjects from the power of forraigne enemies and I wish a great part of my friends and Country-men were so farre addicted to seeke the restitution of her Majestie of Bohemia and her Royall Issue as I am the warres then should never end till they were restored and I avenged of my friends bloud and mine owne shed in the quarrell Here also I did observe his Majesties circumspection in preventing the Emperialists in coming by water unto his Kingdome having beset all Finland with strong Garrisons of Horse and Foote which kept strong guards and good watch by night and by day at such places on the Coast as was most in danger of the enemies over-setting till in the end the enemy was forced to retire his Armie leaving but a few men in Garrison in the Townes which lay on the Coast which Garrisons his Majestie with shipping did often visite to their great hurt with strong parties retiring againe having done his exployt at his pleasure in safetie This Magnanimous King to my knowledge deserved to have been worthily thought of and well spoken of for his noble enterprizing of the warre being Leader and Generall in so good a cause And though the successe was not answerable I dare be bold to affirme it was none of his Majesties fault for his Majestie not onely bestowed much in advancing of it but also did hazard himselfe and his Crowne in maintaining of it Neverthelesse there are alwayes some Cynicks that doe barke at his Majesties proceedings without reason where we may see that no man no nor Kings themselves can escape the lash of censure and none can eschew to be traduced by the ignominious aspersions of the malevolent tongue Therefore it is good to doe well and then we need not care what is said except the sayer put his name to his assertion and then he may be made to foote his Boule in maintaining of it or unworthily to refuse it Here also I did observe that no Armour nor passe could remove the Generalls feare for having once imagined the enemies over-coming he was never fully setled till he was safe a ship-board And therefore I did see at this time that verified that when man distrusteth God it is then just with God to leave man to himselfe for after our Retreat being on the Roade the Generall being thronged in his owne Ship could not command a Ship to transport his servants till I forced a Ship for his Excellencies service which should teach all men in Authoritie while they have command to command with discretion lest the wheele should turne and then they should be beholding to those whom before they commanded Here also I did see mutinous Souldiers well rewarded and it may be sooner than they thought for the day before those that call'd for money when they were commanded to goe on service the next day I being a Ship-board did see them turne slaves unto their enemies being taken prisoners robbed both of Cloaths and money and kept long in bondage being forced to serve against their Conscience such was their folly in calling for money when it was no time to tell it Having at this time left our horses and baggage to our enemies I observed somewhat on the love of men to those beasts and the love of beasts to their Masters as worth the noting to confirme the kindnesse that should be entertained amongst Christians and men of one profession my brother Obstell of worthy memory had a Horse of our owne Country-breed that was so familiarly acquainted with his Souldiers and with the noise and touch of Drumme that the whole day on our march when his Master went a foote he unled followed the Drumme a little aside from the Company halting when they halted and moving when they moved fast or slow Another Horse I left that being in Wismer Leager having rode out one day to a wood halfe a mile from the Leager to cause to cut timber leaving my Horse standing alone and my Cloake on my Saddle a Rutter coming by unknowne to me and my fellowes steales my Horse away who finding himselfe in strangers hands skips loose and runs to our Leager being chas't and hunted at by more than a hundred Horsemen out-runs them all unto the trenches and running through the Leager stands before my Tent my Camerades wondering what became of mee thinking I had been killed by the Horsemen come and make search for me and finding me tell me of my Horse These beasts I have remembred for their love for which I will set downe some particulars concerning the addresse fidelitie and bountie of some Horses whereof I have formerly read Plinie protests their prayses cannot be expressed We reade of the Numidians that were so much redoubted of the Romanes that in their warres they would at spurres runne their Horses in middest of their enemies without a bridle to governe them In the Battaile of Cannes Hanniball returning the next day on the place of Battaile to looke more narrowly to the place a Romane Knight halfe dead hearing the noise of people lifted up his head of purpose to have spokē but his voice failing died with the last gaspe by Hanniball there roade a Numidian on that dead Knights Horse who knowing his Master begun to move his eares to bray and to leape and rebound with such fury till he casts the Numidian to ground runnes through the dead bodies and stands before his dead Master and leaning
continuing three dayes was never appeased till at night the third day Arius Silvius and Alvare of Caster gentlemen and chiefe of the Iustices came with men of warre in Armes to Lisbone and appeased the 〈◊〉 The Kings Majesty hearing the newes of this horrible sedition being much grieved did presently send unto Lisbone two of the chiefest of the Court to wit Iackes Allmod and Iackes Lopes with full power to punish the Malefactors of such cruelty where publiquely there was executed a great number of the seditious popular and the Priests that moved them to the sedition were first put off their charge then hanged then burnt the Iudges and Magistrates that were sloathfull to suppresse that popular rage and fury were some deprived of their estates and condemned to great pennance and the Towne it selfe was deprived of their priviledges and honours I pray God to keepe my country from the like Who pleaseth to reade the story it is much worth and of great observance for any good Christian Another notable story of the like we have in the beginning of the Reigne of Charles the fift successor to Ferdinand King of Spaine and Sicil in whom did faile the race of the Kings of Aragon the people being moved by a Monke continued long in seditions one after another till God did remove it at last and since they lived peaceable To conclude then this point it is a vaine thing to be a follower of the popular sort for none is the better for their praise nor the worse for their blame And therefore Plutarch said well that one man could not be master and servant of the people otherwise perforce it behooveth him to fall into inconveniencie as we reade in the fable written of the serpent the taile whereof came one day to quarrell the head saying he would goe his day about foremost and not goe alwayes behinde which being granted unto him by the head he found it worst himselfe not knowing how or where to goe and became the cause that the head was all spoyl'd and rent being compelled against nature to follow a part without sight or hearing to leade it The same we have seene happen unto those who in the Government of the publique would do all things to please the multitude and being once tied to that yoake of slavery in all things to will and agree with the common and lower sort that oftimes are rashly moved and without reason howsoever they cannot thereafter come off and retire hinder or stay the fury and rashnesse of the people And therefore the great servant of God Moses did properly comprehend in the blessings promised unto the Israelites their obedience to Gods lawes that the Lord might establisâ— them in the first ranke a head in briefe that they should be as Masters an t should not be subject Reade Deut. 28. The twelfth Dutie discharged of our expedition by water to Aickilfourd in Holsten and of the intaking of it THe eleaventh of Aprill 1628 we got orders to ship againe and being shipped we sayl'd along the coast of Holsten till we arrived before Aickilfourd where lay a Garrison of the Emperialists being five hundred strong halfe Dragoniers and halfe foote souldiers having anchored while we were providing for our landing the Towne being no strength the Dragoniers marched away leaving the Captaine of foote to defeâ—â— the place who had a Skonce without the Towne with a running line from the Skonce to the Port of the Towne and thinking us to be but a weake flying party that durst not remaine long on the land seeing the enemy lay strong of horse and foote neere by he resolved as his best to defend the Skonce without whereunto he drew his strength his Majesty commanded us to land our forces and to storme the Skonce he staying a shipboard looking 〈◊〉 us we land in all haste being allmost two thousand foote of severall Nations English Scots Dutch and French all about equall strongth we threw dice for the Avangard who should fall on first concluding those threw most should have the leading and so successively to second one another having throwne sixes the honour of the Avangarde or leading fell on me and mine the English falling next unto us having put our selves in order and dealt out Amunition recommending the successe to the Lord by our preacher Mr. William Forbesse companion of our dangers and having directed Ensigne Allane to recognosse or spie the best advantage being retired I commanded Captaine Lievetenant Carre with fifty musketiers to a broken house that flancked on the Skonce giving him orders to give fire from thence on their backs as we marched to them in front and in case of their retreate to the Towne to cut off their passage or at least to march in with them Thus done I gave charge to my musketiers that no man should give fire till I commanded but to follow their Leaders still in good order The ground we were to advance on to the Skonce was plaine as pavement the Skonce not being high our resolution was to storme without giving fire and as we advanced those of the Skonce did give three severall salvees of musket thundring amongst us whereof some felt the smart and Captaine Mac-kenyee was favourably shot in the legge and I more favourably in the hilt of my sword which afterwards I gave to Mac-kenyee The most hurt was done to the English marching after us led then by Captaine Chamberlaine a worthy and a valorous gentleman In this time we were advanceing our musketiers commanded by Carre giving fire on their flancks wany were hurt and the Captaine shot in the Arme seeing us give no fire but marching hard to storme he quit the Skonce and retired to the Towne and enters the Port before us shutting us out and leaving a few hurt men behind him we brake downe the Stacket and the Towne not walled we entred the broade side and follow the enemy to the market-place thinking he would fight us there But he retired into the Church and shutting the doores defends the Church shooting out he did us great hurt our Souldiers not having forgotten their cruelty used at Bredenberg resolved to give no quarters and with a huge great ladder and the force of men we ran-forced the doore and entred I thinking to get the Officers prisoners entred withall but could not finde them incontinent perceiving a great quantity of powder spread a thwart the Church fearing the blowing up of the powder I commanded every man upon paine of death to retire the word not well spoken the powder blew up blowing the top of the Church above a hundred were killed and a number burnt pitifully and I with Lievetenant David Monro standing behinde me was also pittifully burnt the blast past Captaine Chamberlaine entring findes the Officers and gives them quarters as his prisoners of the souldiers few or none of two hundred and fifty escaped The Towne was plundered and his Majesty fearing the coming of the enemies Horsemen before
we shew his Majestie of the Dutches delay on whom the Lot had falne his Majestie considering better resolved the partie should be commanded proportionally of all Nations alike and to cast Lots who should send a Captaine to command them the lot falling upon the English they command a Lievetenant that supplied the place of his Captaine in his absence the partie made ready were sent from his Majestics Ship ashoare being twelve Musketiers in every Boate with their Muskets in readinesse the enemy perceiving them coming gives a Salve of a thousand shot amongst them twice before their landing so that the halfe of them were killed yet the Lievetenant valourously led on the rest and begins the fight ashoare and continues the skirmish hot on both sides for one halfe houre till the most part of our partie were killed their powder spent and perceiving no reliefe was to come his Majestie having considered the danger the reliefe though in readinesse was stayd The Lievetenant being the last man retired with credit being thrice shot did come off and died the next night A Sergeant of Captaine Mac-Kenyee his Company called Mac-Clawde an old expert Souldier and a diligent sonne to Neale Mac-Clawde was killed and twenty-two Souldiers of the thirtie that I commanded out of our Regiment the rest being wounded for fault of Boates came swimming in their cloathes to his Majesties Ship and were taken in The partie thus lost the enemy begunne to thunder amongst our Fleete with two halfe Cartowes and six Sling-pieces where leaving our Anchors he was thought the best Master that had his Ship first under saile His Majesties Ship being the last was twice shot through and two Constables were shot in two in the waste Thus forced to retire with great losse we hold on our course towards the Isle of Feamer againe The thirteenth Observation IN time of this hot service no man could perceive any alteration in the majestie of this King his Royall face but rather seemed notwithstanding of his losse as it were triumphing over his enemies and comforting others most graciously said We ought not to be astonished when things happen unto us beyond our expectation and that which was more esteemed as a God amongst the Pagans was extraordinarily changeable sometimes taking part with one and sometimes with another In a word this Magnanimous King did abate nothing of his former courage or of his gravitie So that his very enemies if they had seene him at so neere a distance as I did they could not but have humbly reverenced his Majestie for his magnificke stature higher than any ordinary man by the head yet ashamed he was to stoope for a Cannon Bullet when they flew thickest And for the accomplishment of his vertues Nature hath given him an extraordinary rich Presence to wit a face as manly as possible may be seene worthy of a great King well mixt in complexion his eyes flaming and shining full of courage his beard browne his nose A quiline or Emperiall his voice manly winning the hearts of those that see or heare him in effect A Royall King full of assurance without any feare at all in respect of man yet full of Majestie amiable to his friends and terrible to his enemies Here then we may see that it is the LORD that Guards and keepes Kings and Princes from imminent dangers that environ them whereof Histories both ancient and moderne are full of examples of the miraculous deliverance of great personages from dangers One notable Story I will bring to confirme this divine protection in saving Titus sonne to Vespasian appointed for the ruining of Ierusalem to subdue and punish the Iewes Flavius Ioseph in his sixt booke and second Chapter of the Warres of the Iewes records of him that before the siege was layd to the Towne of minde to recognize he fell unawares amongst an Ambushcade of his enemies where then it was knowne as much as ever that it is the LORD who disposeth of the moments of warre and of the life of Kings for though Titus had no head-piece nor Corslet on his backe having not gone to fight but to recognize of an infinite number of shot shot at him none touched him though many were shot behind him those darts shot aside at him he rebated them with his sword and those shot low he made his horse skip to eschew them The Iewes perceiving his resolution made great noise exhorting one another to runne at him and to follow him where ever he went A rare example of a rare deliverance where we see that he is well guarded whom the Lord keepes Here also we may see what difference there is betwixt Commanders he in Feamer shewed himselfe no Souldier neither yet the Captaine in Aickleford but this brave follow that commanded in Keele preserved himselfe and others and that with credit where we see that where wisedome and valour doe meer oft-times the successe is answerable and a mans discretion is seene when he abides a fit occasion as this brave fellow did where I sinde alwayes that those are the best Commanders that are resolute and remisse not hunting before he sees his prey and then with advantage if he would catch Here also experience deare bought did teach us that it is better in commanding men on exployts to command them proportionally out of divers Regiments than to command them all out of one which were to undoe a Regiment and we see often that the examples of the noble carriage of Officers doe much animate and encourage their followers to well-doing and it is a comely thing for the servant of the publique to teach by example which makes his fame live after death as this worthy English Cavalier did especially being in the publique view of the King his Master his Camerades and his enemies carrying their Characters from service as the marks of his valour without fainting though wounded to death Here also our Scottish High-land-men are prayse-worthy who for lacke of Boats made use of their vertue and courage in swimming the Seas notwithstanding of their wounds with their cloathes shewing their Masters they were not the first came off but with the last following the example of their Leader they would not stay to be Prisoners as many doe at such times and never returne I did also observe after this dayes service an alteration in the common Souldiers behaviour while as before we were to send out a partie of commanded men we were troubled with the Souldiers striving who should goe out on the partie every one desiring it should be he but after this dayes smart once felt by their Camerades they learned to be more wise and to stay till they were commanded and then they obeyed though not so freely as before Here also I will entreat thee Iudicious Reader to give me leave to digresse somewhat to discourse a little of Sea-fights which occurred in the discharge of the last dutie though not properly belonging to my scope Yet in this retreat-making as we
to our Lievetenant Colonell to dissolve the treaty seeing his Majesty of Denmark had folke in readinesse to come in all haste with Colonell Holke for their reliefe Whereupon my Lord Spynie a Scots Noble man with his Regiment with sufficient provision of money and Amunition were sent unto the Towne and being entred the treaty was rejected and made voide At this time also Sr. Alexander Lesly an expert and a valorous Scots Commander with some Swedens forces was sent to governe the Towne his Majesty of Sweden having condescended with his Majesty of Denmark that his Majesty of Denmark should dismisse the protection of Trailesound in favour of his Majesty of Sweden and to that effect the Danes forces should be drawne out of the Garrison for to give place to the Swedens in the meane time the command was turned over upon Sr. Alexander Lesly whom Colonell Holke did assist with the Danes forces till they were removed the absolute command being given to Sr. Alexander Lesly as Governour for his Maj sty of Sweden In time of the still-stand I tooke a foare loffe under my Lievetenant Colonell his hand scale to goe by Sea to Copmanhagen to be cured there seeing no Chirurgian in Trailesound would undertake to cut the bullet out of my knee without hazarding me to be lame which to prevent I choosed rather though with infinite paine to keepe the bullet a fortnight till I came to Copmanhagen where happily I found better cure The eighteenth Observation TWo things we must respect so long as we live our inward integrity and our outward uprightnesse our piety towards God and our reputation amongst men the one makes our life famous the other our death happy so both together bring credit to the name and felicity to the soule Then whensoever our breath is made but aire we shall be blessed leaving a sweete odour behinde us and men will regrate our losse as at this time they did our hurt He whom before I was wont to obey and visite came now and visited me I not being able to stirre my Lievetenant Colonell came to comfort me having neede to be comforted himselfe by good advise how to defend the workes the second night a generall feare having possessed the hearts both of Burgers and Souldiers and I to encourage him did tell him a story of Augustus the Emperour who being neere death commanded that after his decease all his friends should clap their hands and laugh unfainedly as the custome was when a Comedy was well acted even so said I though I was sorry at our losse yet I was glad for being hurt when I looked to be kill'd and having acted my part of the play for that time and retired off the Stage all I could doe was but to minde my Camerads of their duties In the meane time the Enemies cannon having shot foure great bullets of a hundred and sixty pound weight out of morters through the top of my lodging even to the bottome where I did lie affrighting me still when my feete were not able to shift away my body yet recommending my soule to God I resolved he was well guarded whom the Lord had a care of and having delivered me from many dangers I still confided he would not suffer me to be smother'd under walles For which and all his blessings I doe infinitly thanke his Majesty in giveing me time to doe any thing that may please his Majesty for my deliverance To make my Lievetenant Colonell laugh I did tell him a story of a vision that was seene by a Souldier of the Colonells company that morning before the enemy did storme being a predictive dreame and a true One Murdo Mac-claude borne in Assen a Souldier of a tall stature and valiant courage being sleeping on his watch awakened by the breake of day and jogges two of his Camerades lying by him who did finde much fault with him for sturring of them he replied before long you shall be otherwise sturred a Souldier called Allen Tough a Loghaber-man recommending his soule to God asked him what he had seene who answered him you shall never see your country againe the other replyed the losse was but small if the rest of the company were well he answered no for there was great hurt and death of many very neere the other asked againe whom had he seene more that would dye besides him sundry of his Camerades he tould by name that should be killed the other asked what would become of himselfe he answered he would be killed with the rest in effect he describeth the whole Officers by their cloathes that should be hurt a pretty quicke boy neere by asked him what would become of the Major meaning me he answered he would be shot but not deadly and that the boy should be next unto me when I were hurt as he was This discourse ended I wished my Lievetenant Colonell to set all care aside and to looke to himselfe and to the credit of his Nation in maintaining of the place till the reliefe should come and so we parted Here I did observe that no city be it never so strong or so well beset nor no Armour be it of what proofe it will is able to encourage a fearefull heart as in this City and at this time were many of the Burgars Souldiers strangers Officers of women and children who were tormented by the feare of death and of their meanes whose feare was generally so great that they were bereft both of wisdome and courage as people given over so that their feare in some sort did frustrate their lawfull defences the like I did never see neither wish to see againe for the enemy could not though victorious put them in a worse habit nor make them seeme more miserable than I did see them at this time making themselves unfit to resist their enemies and they were all of them in mine eyes like to the sword-fish having weapons but they wanted hearts they had quaking hands without use and in a word if the enemy had seene them as I did he would rather pitty them as cowards then kill them like gallants Notwithstanding of this feare which possessed the burgars and those Souldiers that had not beene on occasion yet our Nation that are ever most couragious in greatest extremity failed nothing of their wonted valour but having once retired to the Ravelin maintained it couragiously repelling the enemies valour with resolution built on vertue and love of credit so that they made their enemie with great losse to be frustrate of his hoped for victory finding the valour of the Scots tempered with constant resolution and vigorous spirits his fury was made to setle by little and little till at last resolution the strong Armour of the descreete Souldier prevailed against all the shuffles and cries of the enemy and the defender seeing the storme past and the tempest cease he laughes and smiles with as much honour quiet and safety as before he suffered toyle griefe or
Regiment that can say while as they are thanked off we have served truely and with credit our last Master and then they may be assured of a second Master having wonne a good name as this Regiment did under his Majesty of Denmarke in whom the least omission could never be found much lesse to have committed any grosse errour worthy imputation And therefore we were Graciously dismissed and honestly rewarded according to the time Captaine Andrew Stewart brother to the noble and worthy Earle of Traquaire being soliciting businesse at Copmanhagen contracted a feaver and died there being in his Camerades absence honourably buried by the Stathoulders direction whose death as untimely was much regrated by all his Camerades he being a valorous and expert Commander Likewise Iohn Hampeseede an old true servant to my cozen the Barron of Fowles he dying of a feaver at Angle leager was honourably buried there This Danes warre thus ended was the beginning of a greater warre as is said for the Emperour in Summer 1629. The Danes peace being made in August 1629 did send assistance of men unto the Pole against his Majesty of Sweden under the command of the Felt-marshall Arnhem which the next summer did bring the sword of the Sweden against himselfe So that we see there is nothing here on earth to be expected by us more then a continuall warfare Lord therefore make us dayly to warre in that spirituall warfare serving truely the King of Kings and Lord of hosts fighting that good fight against our spirituall enemies where he that overcomes receives for a reward instead of worldly glory an immortall Crowne of Glory in the Heavens The Colonells Observation of the Kingdome of Denmarke HAving had the honour to have dined with his Majesty at his Table then in the gorgeous pleasant Palace of Freddesborree taking leave of his Majesty having kissed his hand I retired to Alzenheur where I began to thinke that this King could have said of his whole Kingdome as Scipio said you see not a man amongst all those but if I command him he will from a Turret throw himselfe into the Sea even so this Magnanimous King to my knowledge was of absolute authority in his Kingdome as all Christian Kings ought to be in theirs ever obeyed in the Lord without asking the head a reason Why doe you command us thus For we reade that the favour of the Lord was in Iuda in giving them one heart in doing and obeying the commandements of the King and of their Magistrates and Principalls as I did cleerely observe in this Kingdome of Denmarke the goodnesse of government for the florishing of the Kingdome wher 's Totus orbis componebatur ad exemplum Regis He commanding they obeyed both lived in prosperity the Ruler or King Heroick wise noble magnanimous and worthy The Gentry Citizens and Communalty obedient which made their joy and felicity to continue in despite of their mighty foes and that by reason of his Majesties Government in military discipline who doth entertaine a great number of Officers yeerely having good allowance for commanding of Souldiers trained up in peace against warre such as Colonells Lievetenant-Colonells Majors Captaines and other inferiour Officers which are still entertained at the countries charge in exercising of Souldiers for his Majesties emploiment being alike ever ready in all Provinces for peace or warre Would to God we were so well provided in our owne country at home and then we needed not to feare any forraine enemy that are enemies to God to our King and to our Religion And for the better maintaining of warre no Kingdome or King I know is better provided of a Magazin then this magnanimous King for Armes brasse ordnance whereof every yeere his Majesty doth cast above a hundred peeces being sufficiently provided of Amunition and of all sorts of fiery Engines to be used by Sea or Land together with Armour sufficient for to arme a great Armie of Horse His Majestie is also sufficiently well provided of shipping and yearely doth adde to the number which ships are built by two worthy Scottish-men called Mr. Balfoure and Mr. Sinclaire being both well accounted off by his Majestie who in like manner hath a Reprobane at Copmanhagen for making of Cords and Cables for his shipping and Kingdome where I was informed that in twenty foure houres time they were able to furnish the greatest ship the King had of Cables and of all other tackling and cordage necessary to set out the Ship Likewise by his Majesties Artizens within the Kingdome all sort of stuffes and silkes are woven sufficient to serve the Kingdome and his neighbours that please to buy Moreover this Kingdome is worthy commendation for the order of Iustice and Lawes having their Law-books deciding all controversies amongst them and if it come to any great difference the Kings Majestie as being above the Law sits in judgement as the Interpreter and Director of Iustice and according to his Princely dignity mitigates as pleaseth his Majestie the law and decides the controversie This Kingdome also is praise-worthy for the purity of their Gentry being as ancient and noble as any other Kingdome and can bragge of a puter and cleerer bloud of Gentility then many Nations can for they never ally or enter into marriage with any inferiour to themselves be they never so rich if they be Burgars or Plebeians they never marry with them and if one of their daughters will through love miscarry in her affection to marry a Citizen they will not thereafter doe so much as to honour her with their company but on the contrary shee loseth both her portion and honour not suffering her to carry the armes of her familie Moreover this Nation is praise-worthy for their entertaining of learning and of the liberall Sciences professed in their owne Vniversities where their children are well taught and trained up after a noble and heroick manner within their owne Kingdome not onely in their Studies of the liberall Sciences but also in their exercise of body as fencing dancing singing playing of Instruments and riding of horses and what else are noble Recreations as learning of forraine languages Spanish Italian French Dutch and such like and afterwards their youth being well travell'd returning from their Travells they attend on the Chancellarie as under-Secretaries to States-men to enable them to be profitable members in the Common-weale And being foris familiat according to their gifts and qualities they are preferred to Government and charges under his Majestie in all Provinces of the Kingdome of Denmarke Tewtland Holsten and Norway His Majestie also is praise-worthy for his Oeconomie in keeping of Store-houses to feed Oxen and stalles for keeping of milch Cowes whereof is received yearely great income of moneys for Butter and Cheese made in great quantitie by Hollanders in Denmarke Holsten and Yewtland which parts abound also with all sorts of Fish which inricheth his Majesties treasure infinitely together with their trading by Sea to the
served well 72 T. A Cavalier ought patiently to attend his preferment 3 B. Continency in all things is most necessary for a Souldier 25 X. Men ought patiently to undergoe their Crosses and not to despaire as some did in Denmarke 86 He that thinkes on deaths Casuality ought neither to be carelesse nor covetous 86 V. Cowards may be compared to dogs that doe barke more then bite 70 P. The Cruelty was great the enemy used in harming the dead and innocent 40 K. D. It is a worthy and brave enterchange when men attaine unto eternall fame and glory after Death for a temporall Death 41 L. The strictnesse of Discipline is the conservation of an Army 36 G. It were impossible to make Boores and Souldiers agree together without the strictnesse of Military Discipline 62 F. It is never good in plenty to Disdaine Souldiers lest in adversity they may prove unusefull 2 A. The observance of Discipline is the maintaining of Kingdomes Cities and Common-wealths 69 O. Dumbarre renowned in despite of envy 13 L. It is the Duty of valorous Commanders to care for the buriall of the slaine though their enemies 25 Y. We are Drowned in the mud of vice and slothfulnesse while we want businesse and have no foe to awe us 46 T. E. An English Cavalier being deadly wounded retired bravely at Keel 55 B. Ensignes six of Scots shot at Ouldenburg 18 Q. A rare Example of strength and courage in Ensigne David Monro 21 S. Emulation of Superiours by example groweth amongst inferiours 37 H. The whole Officers were hurt except one Ensigne Ihonston 68 M. He that wilfully continues an Enemy teacheth his enemy to doe him a mischiefe if he can 77 A. Though the Enemy be unworthy reconcile with him to be freed of his scandalous tongue 77 A. The Enemy studies all the plots of our ruine and the danger is ever most that is least seene 77 Experience teacheth that neither Fly Bee nor Waspe can harme those that are healed of the sting of Scorpions 22 T. The best Exhortation a Leader can give Souldiers is to shew himselfe valorous 23 W. Enemies prove oftimes good pedagogues setting both death and judgment before us 66 K. F. Feare doth put us in a more horrid habit then any enemy can doe 22 F. It is not good to Feele the ill of the sturdy popular having once loosed the reine 48 W. Friends that are trusty the best companions of danger 14 M. To be a Follower of the popular sort is a vaine thing 50 Y. The Foote is alwayes more usefull in warres and lesse chargable then Horse 23 W. Fortune having crossed his Majesty of Denmarke in his warres abroade brought the sword of his enemies within his owne Kingdome 29 A. G. The Germans are commonly friends to the victorious et e contra 16 O. Germans of old did sing going on service 70 P. Those that thirst after Gold let them bring it valiantly from afarre to supply the poore at home or to decore and enrich their Country 72 S. A man is glad to come off with credit being hurt as I was at Trailsound where I thought to be slaine 75 Y. Ill Gotten gaines is farre worse then losses with preserved honesty 31 D. Gentlemen three of my Colonells Company slaine at Trailsound Gordon Stewart and Tullough 68 M. H. Honour compared to a chaste made 31 D. Happie are those that travell in well-doing for when the paines are gone then doe they enjoy the pleasure 63 G. Hugh Murray his brother being slaine would not carry him off till he had beene revenged and then himselfe shot in the Eye the Bullet came out at his Nose 23 V. Hector Monro being shot in one foot would not retire till first he emptied his Bandeliers and being shot then through the other foote was carried off by others 23 V. We ought never to glory too much in peace or prosperitie as the Holsteners did but rather to prevent the worst 28 The Highland Souldier his predictive Dreame seene at Trailsound 75 Z. I. A just cause and a just deputation is that which gives the minde securitie And he dyeth well that dyeth fighting for a just cause 53 Iustice the strictest that is observed amongst Souldiers 44 S. An Isles Gentleman being deadly wounded did swimme with his Cloaths and wounds to escape the fury of his Enemies 32 D. K. As forraine Kings make use of Cavaliers in their need so they ought with reason if not rewarded make their retreat to their King and Master being disdained without respect 25 X. Our Knowledge is of none effect without assurance in God through Christ 5 E. The King of Denmark deserved praise for enterprising the warre though the successe was not answerable 30 B. The King of Denmark commended for his care 32 E. The King of Denmark contrary to feare through his valour did cast a kinde of honour upon God confiding in his care onely 35 F. The King of Denmark did establish his Throne in despite of his Enemies 35 F. Kings are but servants though more splendid for the Common-wealth 35 F. The Kings Majestie of Denmark commended 43 O. The King of Denmark did comfort his Officers after their losse sustained before KEEL 29 A. Kings are kept and guarded from eminent danger by the Lord. 29 A. A King or a Prince that undertakes toyle and travell in his body for the safetie of his people is commendable 59 D. L. Lievetenant Colonell Arthur Forbesse dyed in Holstein 1 A. A Leaders dutie set downe at large 8 G. Lievetenant Martin killed at Bisenburg-Skonce 11 I. Lievetenant Hugh Rosse having lost his leg wished he had a woodden Leg. 17 P. Lievetenant Colonell Seaton shot at Ouldenburg 18 Q. A Lievetenant and thirteen Souldiers killed with one shot of Cannon 65 K. The Love of horses wonderfull to their Masters 30 C. Lievetenant Colonell Seaton commended for keeping strict Discipline 66 L. Lindesey of Bainshow a valorous Cavalier received three dangerous wounds at Trailsound 78 C. Lievetenant Lumsdell in time of hot service desired Colonell Holk being retiring to stay and to see if the Scots durst fight 79 D. M. Major Dumbar his custome commendable going on service 40 L. The Majestie of a King ought never to be denyed by his subjects in things indifferent 1 A. Major Wilson his over-sight in making his Accord lost his Colours 12 K. The meanest things doe helpe against the Enemy as the casting of sand and Bee-hives 13 L. Murdo Poulson killed at Ouldenburg by the Cannon 18 Q. Mutiny should ever be detestable in all estates as amongst Souldiers 48 W. The multitude tumultuous hath more changes than the deepe Sea in a tempest hath waves 24 X. The Makelesse the Sweden Ship by report did carry two hundred pieces of Ordnance 56 C. No Menagrie comparable to that which spares the lives of men 63 G. N. A Nation being enemies to vice and glad in their povertie they may haply remaine unconquered 72 S. O. Officers
from the enemy in making them give ground he possessed the mill on the other side of the passe till the rest of the commanded Musketiers did follow the enemy to the Castle where Kniphowsen with his Forces did advance the passe being free His Majestie having given Orders where the Batteries should be made giving Generall Banier charge to attend the Armie as it begunne to grow darke his Majestie accompanied by Colonell Tivell went to appoint the place where the approaches should beginne where the Guards should be kept that were to guard the workmen in case of an out-fall where presently both the Guards and the men that should worke were commanded forth with sufficient Officers to oversee them Likewise there were men commanded from every Regiment proportionably for making the Batteries and a strong Guard was appointed to guard the Cannon against an out-fall others were commanded from every Regiment to make more Cannon Baskets and the Furiers with Convoyes were ordained to returne to Letts for bringing of Proviant to every Regiment This all orderly done he that had meate in his Knapsacke being free of dutie could invite his Camerade to supper and make merry till he were commanded on dutie himselfe where divers did eate that were not sicke on the morrow The enemy perceiving the next morning the Guards by the approaches saluted them with Cannon and Musket and were saluted againe though not so kindly as friends doe one another The service continued the whole day his Majestie oft visiting the Castle being hardest prest as of most consequence for the Castle once wonne the Towne could not hold out Vpon the Castle were seaven Companies of Colonell Holks Regiment who fearing to be blowne up by a Mine entred in treatie and were content to take service under his Majestie and to render their Colours which immediatly was agreed upon and their Colours brought to be planted and spred on our Batteries as tokens of his Majesties victory The Cannon in the meane time from our Batteries thundring till night on their workes they begunne to be discouraged finding the Castle was given over they were out of hopes to maintaine the Towne longer The next morning Captaine Beaton of our Regiment having the guard in the Trenches the enemy falling out strong the Dutch retired and gave ground while our folke maintained their Poast valiantly in sight of his Majesty who commanded Generall Bannier with some Musketiers of Here-Tyvells Regiment and ours led on by Major Potley an English Cavalier of good worth to second the Guards and to beate backe the enemy in plaine champagne Generall Bannier advanced the enemy playing hard with cannon on them Notwithstanding whereof entering the skirmish the enemy was beate backe not without great losse on both sides where I cannot but commend Bannier his carriage being in sight of his King as his Majesty did commend our Nation for their good behaviour and charity for a Captaine of Banniers Regiment being left for dead on the field his countrimen for feare refusing to bring him off he was voluntarily brought off by our countrimen to their great praise who after disdaining his Camerades and thanking our countrimen he died of paine and agony before night After this show made of courage by the besieged they being discouraged desired a Parle where Major Greeneland an English Cavalier then serving the Emperour was sent out to make the accord with his Majesty pledges delivered by both the accord agreed on was subscribed where it was concluded the Governour should march out with flying Colours and Armes and with two peeces of Ordinance with bâ—g and baggage and a convoy to the next Emperiall Garrison providing the Governour should leave behinde him all cannon being threescore peeces of Brasse all store of Amunition and victuall and all spare Armes and to march forth precisely the next day by twelve of the clocke But had the Governour the Duke of Savellie bin so valorous as those he commanded he might in respect of the season situation of the Towne have kept the City a moneth longer so that to our Iudgments he was no good Souldier knowing his Generall was able to relieve him The enemy thus march't away and his Majesty having beset the Garrison heareing Generall Tylly with a strong Army had taken resolution to visit his Majesty in Maclenburgh he stood not long on advisement but out of hand disposed of his Army couragiously wisely and circumspectly as the event did witnesse his Majesties good command an resolution Damaine beset with Swedens Generall Bannier was ordained to stay there for to command the Garrison and to keepe correspondence with his Majesties and with others in case of Tyllies coming Generall Major Kniphowsen was sent with his owne Regiment and six companies of my Lord of Rhees commanded by his Lievetenant Colonell Bainshâ—w to lie at new Brandenburg Major Sinclair with two companies was ordained to lie at Triptowe the Grave Fonottenburg with his Majesties Regiment of horse and my squadron of Foote was appointed to lie at Malchene his Majesty himselfe with the rest of the Army were to lie at Pooswell being the passe unto Pomeren and to the Oder Felt-marshall Horne being recall'd with his forces from Landsberg was ordained to lie at Freedland all having their instructions and orders in writ which they durst not passe one jot to th' end that where ever Tyllies Army would settle the rest of our Army from the severall Garrisons should come together to relieve the party besieged if his Majesty thought fitting So leaving Damaine having lost three hundred men before it our march houlds out according to our severall orders and instructions The fifth Observation ALL things were atchieved unto here by the goodnesse of a glorious order being seconded with skilfull and valorous Officers and Souldiers obedient even unto death every one by revolution keeping his certaine time and turne and that with strictnesse each being greedy of their owne honour and advancement under this noble King and Generall who liked of no wicked Souldier living out of compasse and rule such as were birds of the Divells hatching all such were banished from this Army that was led by Pious and religious Gustavus of never dying memory who could not abide any that would profaine Gods ordinance or that refused to give obedience to good orders Here at Letts before our rising to Dameine I could not but pitty though an enemy the Italian Governour that commanded in Letts who suffered himselfe the place and his followers to be surprised knowing of the Armies approach for we see by his example that goods evill conquest with great paines are soone lost going away with wings swifter then the winde whereof Histories are full of examples to which purpose I will inferre one story I have reade of Hugolene Gerrardesque Depise as records Paulus Aemilius in the eighth booke of the French story This Hugolene being a Commander for the Pope over the Guelfes having chased a part of the Gibelins
every particular Cameradship did strive who could best provide themselves of convenient lodgings where we were to rest for a weeke Lievetenant Colonell Iohn Monro being come before his Colonell from Scotland with a company he was made to march from Statin to Werben and from thence to Wittenberg being then ordained to march with our Regiment with whom did come from Scotland Robert Monro Kilternes sonne out of love to see his friends who contracting a feaver at Wittenberg died there and was honourably buried The fourteenth Observation HIS Majesty like a wise and prudent Generall we see would not sturre from his Loaguer at Werben till first he was made certaine by good intelligence of his enemies designe counsell and resolution which being well knowne his Majesty then resolved by preventing of them to make them unprofitable and truly the discoverer of such plots and counsells ought to be well rewarded seeing by the discovery of our enemies designes we were made to resist dis intended evill against us Happy therefore are those intelligences that come in time and there ought to be no delay used in taking that counsell that cannot be praised till the turne be done and things once deliberated should be quickly done and though he be a brave fellow who doubts in advising yet in action he ought to be confident as Gustavus was getting intelligence of the enemies designe with celerity he tooke his horses and Dragoniers with him and leaving his foote and Cannon he advanced to the passe of Wittenberg for to prevent Tillie who was striving to make the Duke turne Emperialist but Gustavus wisely taking the ball at the right rebound he did turne the Duke by Gods providence both soule and body good Swede Where cleerely we may see the Lords powerfull hand and providence in this as in all humane affaires suffering things sometimes to take delayes Notwithstanding of mans instant urging the Lord deferres to his appointed time that the glory may be given unto himselfe alone and not to mans wit or policy For as the Rudder in a ship doth with a little motion governe all the shipe even so God the director and governour of the world doth move the whole himselfe not sturring And as there is one God in the heavens that governes all the frame of the earth so the Lord hath his Substitutes on earth whom he hath made above their fellowes in judgment and herolike vertues yet he himselfe keepes the Prerogative above them all in commanding them to let us see that all the event and conclusions of Kings projects and intentions be they never so powerfull availe nothing to the furtherance of their intentions till they first acknowledge them to come from the fountaine God that distributes them againe on his servants when he pleaseth that they may learce to glorify him and not their owne wit or policy which is so much as nothing till he consent This God then the author and doer of all things and of this union and confederacy that eternall I say and provident Godhead that governes the motions of the Heavens the starres variable courses the Elementary changes all things above and beneath the earth ruling and governing spreading where he pleaseth his light beames from his eternity and with a winke piercing into the Bowells of heaven earth and sea be doth not only goe before them but in them seeing and knowing all and governing them all his will is so that he converts our noisomnesse unto health and our sinnes being ill he turnes them unto our good that eternall Governour triumphs in the Chariot of his providence and if willingly we follow him then freely as his Souldiers if unwillingly we must follow him as captives and servants We see then here by Gods providence the Duke was contented to joyne his Army with the Kings Majesties Army being come to Wittenberg to goe Conjunctis viribus against their common enemy the house of Austria and the Catholique league It had beene good for Madeburg this union had beene sooner concluded but the Lord would not have it seeing their punishments by Generall Tillies Army their scourge was decreed long before But now the Duke of Saxon terrified by their example thinkes it better to prevent such another wound by joyning with his Majesty being made warie by others fall for it is better late to thrive then never and it is better to prevent evill then to suffer and it was better for the Duke of Saxon to blush in time then out of time to grow pale for now being taken at the rebound Tillies Army being at Lipsigh seing his own house on fire to be relieved he offers his service to his Majesty damning himselfe soule and body if ever he will forsake his Majesty and his Crowne if then he would but helpe him to beate the enemy out of his country againe So that he which could not be tied with one knot before is now hard tied by foure great points which he was made to condescend unto on his honour and credit to have bin kept unviolable And his Majesty getting him once thus bound the way to make him sure was to make him fight that having dipped his hands once in the bloud of his enemies he was not suddenly to be clensed and this was the manner to tye him harder then the custome was of old amongst the Germans who were wont when they entred in confederacy to draw bloud in a Goblet of both their browes and drinke of it mutually for the more strict observance of their fidelities to each others But shortly after this confederacy was made much German bloud was drawne and of other strangers bloud to make the tie so much the harder and before the tie was broke his Majesties bloud was shed to the perpetuall disgrace of him that after his Majesties death forgetting his honour and credit did violate his confederacy made with the crowne as with the King our Master of never dying memory The fifteenth Dutie discharged of our March over the Elve at Wittenberg to Diben THE Conjunction agreed upon betwixt his Majestie and the Duke of Saxon all things sealed and subscribed his Majestie gave Orders to breake up with the Armie and to crosse the Elve over the bridge at Wittenberg for to joyne with the Dukes Armie the orders were obeyed with great contentment and entering into Saxonie we quartered the first night not farre from Diben the place appointed for our Randez-vouz the next morning we marched thither and were drawne up in battaile on the Fields where in the after noone the Dukes Armie arrived being drawne up in bartaile within Cannon shot of us the whole Officers of our Armie were commanded to be in readinesse on horse-backe to convey his Majestie for to welcome the Duke and his Armie which for pleasing the eye was the most complete little Armie for personages of men comely statures well armed and well arraide that ever mine eyes did looke on whose Officers did all looke as if they were
but rather to stand together till at last they might get honourable quarters for themselves rather then shamefully to be cut off in flying away Here we see that the foote Souldiers suffer ever the greatest losse in extremity and they have ever least gaines though most credit but we see his Majesty with clemency doth follow the example of the ancient Romans who of all victories thought that victory best which least was stained with bloud having given quarters and service to three thousand Emperiall Souldiers without drawing one drop of bloud Likewise we see here the continuance of his Majesties industry and diligence aswell in prosecuting his victory as he was valiant in obtaining of it in the one as in the other vindicating his owne honour and the honour of his noble friends shewing after the fury was past his clemency and meekenesse towards his enemies yet who ever was more valiant than he being ever in all his on-sets a Leader And as we see his Majesties valour and diligence in prosecuting his victory so we see also his care in supplying the weakenesse of his Army as a wise Generall should doe in not letting his enemies see the weakenesse of his Army which ought never to be knowne to those who would rejoyce at the same Likewise here I did observe a great thankefulnesse in a King in acknowledging openly in view of an Army the good service done by his servants wherein I did especially see his love to our Nation beyond all others that did serve him to make other Nations emulous of their glory in following of their vertues and though his Majesty used them here rather like unto friends then to servants it should not make them the more sawcy but rather the more humble as both Officers and Souldiers did verifie in promising the continuance of their faithfull obedience and of better service as the Lord would enable them on the next occasions Likewise we did see here how few of our Nation are induced to serve those Catholique Potentates and for my part I finde the reason good for if we have any enemies in Europe it must be those that would not onely overthrow our estates at home if they could but also would force us if it lay in their powers to make shipwracke of our consciences by leading us unto Idolatry Moreover we see here that his Majesty and the Duke of Saxon having once beene companions of danger together they were then entertaining one anothers familiarity in renewing of their friendship confirmed againe with the German custome in making their League the firmer by drinking brother-ship together where I having entred the Hall and being seene by his Majesty I was presently kindely embraced by houlding his Arme over my shoulder wishing I could beare as much drinke as old Generall Major Ruthven that I might helpe his Majesty to make his Guests merry and holding me fast by the hand calling to the Duke of Saxon declared unto him what service our Nation had done his Father and him and the best last at Leipsigh commending in particular to the Duke Colonell Hepburne and Lumsdell and having called Colonell Hepburne unto him he did reiterate the former discourse and much more in commendation of the Scots In the continuance of this warre in Germany as the sequell of the Story will prove from the Balticke coast unto the Alpes and Tyroll where Colonell Hepburne was sent out as Colonell to command a party I was sent with him as his second being ever much obliged unto him not onely for his love on those occasions but also for his good counsell he being long before me in the Swedens service And as we were oft Camerades of danger together so being long acquainted we were Camerades in love first at Colledge next in our travells in France at Paris and Poictiers Anno 1615. till we met againe in Spruce at Elben in August 1630. Nothing therefore in my opinion more worthy to be kept next unto Faith then this kinde of friendship growne up with education confirmed by familiarity in frequenting the dangers of warre and who is more worthy to be chosen for a friend then one who hath showne himselfe both valiant and constant against his enemies as the worthy Hepburne hath done who is generally so well knowne in Armies that he needes no testimony of a friend having credit and reputation enough amongst his enemies To conclude then this observation as I begunne it I cannot but commend his Majesties wisdome and fore-sight in bringing the Rex-chancellor Oxensterne on the Dutch bottome to be second to his Majesty and to free him of a part of his buthens by placeing him at Hall as Legate being Centrum Germania The ninteenth Duty discharged of our March from Hall towards Erfort in Duringland HIS Majesty having left Colonell Winckle at Hall as Governour with a strong Garrison to command the Towne he ordained and left the Duke of Anhalt as Stat-houlder not only over the Towne but also over the whole Stifft of Madeburg having taken leave of the Duke of Saxon after many protestations and promises of mutuall friendship our march did continue towards Erfort and before our up-breaking the Castle of Leipsigh was given over by accord unto the Duke of Saxon and the Dukes Army was also marching towards Silesia and Bohemia The seventeenth of September our first nights quarter was taken at a Dorpe two miles from Hall where those of Erfort being so displeased at our coming as unwilling to entertaine such Guests they being all Catholiques Iesuits and Monkes being mightily afraid they did send their Commissioners before them to treate with his Majesty but his Majesty did give them their answers by Duke William of Wymar that they should quit the Catholique faction and give their oath of fidelity to his Majesty of Sweden and that they should take in his Garrisons within their Towne and render up to his Majesty the Castle of Eryackburg with the Colleges to come in his Majesties will who should suffer them to be untroubled in their Religion paying their contribution to the warres like the other Burgers and country The Commissioners thinking their conditions to be hard they tooke leave of his Majesty promising to referre the businesse to the Towne and Clergie and they being departed the Duke of Wymar with a Regiment of horse was directed after them having charge to ride as hard as they could and entering the Portes with a few horse at the first commanded the Guard to lay downe their Armes which hardly they could refuse the rest being so neere they entred the Towne and marched peaceably unto the market place which caused an extraordinary feare amongst the Burgers and yet a greater terrour amongst the Clergy The Councell being called to come on the market place they were commanded to render the Towne keyes unto the Duke who getting the keyes the Towne was taken without bloud The twenty two of September his Majesty having quartered the greatest part of the Army without the
had commanded had made shipwracke of all As his Majestie was wise and moderate in his Command so those who obeyed were faithfull and intire to their Superiour Here inferiours whom Fortune favoureth though weakest were subject in all things to him who was Fortunes Minion and Mars his equall Gustavus the Invincible that by his wisedome and foresight forced old Tillie to retire to Nurenberg having gained nothing but losse which retreate was the presage of his future ruine at the Leacke where it enters into the Danow Here also we are instructed as well by his Majesties politique government as by his military He being alike expert in both discharging the dutie of a King and a Generall Tam Arte quam Marte for the enemy was no sooner gone but incontinent his Majestie caused serve his publique Edicts for bringing in the Country-men to give their oaths of fidelitie moving them thereto partly by compulsion and partly by promises of dutie and of libertie to their Consciences two strong Arguments to move those to obedience who had seene their friends forced to turne backes upon them from whom under God they did expect Reliefe to come Moreover we see here that those who are honoured by God are also worthy of honour from their equalls other Kings Princes and Confederates sending their Ambassadours unto them to congratulate their good Fortunes and successe as also to Treate with them in matters belonging to their mutuall States and standing at this time also there were Commissioners sent from Vlme Strasburg Nurenberg and Francford treating with His Majestie for themselves apart as free from the bodie of the Empire And such feathers his Majestie was glad to get out of the Emperours wings knowing the more he wanted of such feathers the worse he could flie and some of them were light changing as the winde To conclude then whom fortune favoures the world laughs on as may be seene here by the example of Lievetenant Colonell Howbalt after the intaking of Hanow by meere fortune being surprized which was the occasion this Cavalier was so suddenly made up in getting Command over horse and foote from Livetenant Colonell who foure yeeres before was Sergeant under the blew Regiment Yet notwithstanding the good he had received under his Majestie and his Crowne he afterwards quit them and their service in their greatest extreamitie which was unthankfully done of him being more unkindly then friendly The twenty second Duty discharged of our March from Wurtzburg to Francford on the Maine HIS Majesty having beset Wurtzburg Castle with a strong Swedens Garrison under command of Colonell Axellille preparation being made for the march the Colonell of the Artillery Leonard Richardson a Swede was directed downe the Maine with the great Cannon and three hundred commanded musketiers of Scots of Sr. Iames Ramfey his Regiment comanded by Alexander Hanan being a discreete Cavalier of good command and conduct and valorous also they had abundance of Cannon fire-workes Amunition and all other furniture belonging to Artillery with them by water having got orders to take in all strengths on the Maine which lay in their way where they and he who commanded them made good booty having taken in severall Castles and Miltenburg also and from thence continued their course downe the water towards Ashaffenburg a City and a Castle on the Maine belonging to the Bishop of Mentz where they had orders to remaine till his Majesties coming with the Army This march continued for five dayes where we had nightly good quarters by the way being in feare of no enemy we kept the whole march the Maine on our right hand our horsemen upon the left having had the Felt-marshall with his Army lying at Bambridge betwixt us and the enemy so that this march though in winter was not so troublesome unto us as their travelling is to them who journey in forraine countries for to see strange faces where they must needs lay out monies for their entertainment some of us on this march were well entertained and did get mony besides to spend at Francford Likewise when it behoved travellers to hire guides and sometimes to hire convoies for their safeties we had Gustavus a King under God our Leader and a powerfull Army to convoy us and at night the sweete and sociable society of our countrimen and strangers the one to season the other which made our march pleasant alongst the pleasant and fruitfull River of the Maine that runnes through faire Franconia into the Rhine at Mentz Having come with the Army the length of Hanow leaving Ashaffenburg behinde us we marched to Steinhem which presently we tooke in by accord where the most part of the Souldiers did take service which being done his Majesty did send unto the Lords of Francford desiring them for the well of the professours of the Evangell to take in a Carrison with a protestation if they refused to doe it willingly it behoved him otherwise to deale with them which was not his desire They having taken the proposition for two dayes in advisement his Majesty the sixteenth of November did let quarter the Army before their Ports in Offenback Ober and Nider Rode the next day they consented his Majesties Army should march through leaving six hundred men in Garrison in Saxenhowsen the Lords giving their Oath to secure the Garrison of Saxenhowsen of all dangers and on the seventeenth of November his Majesty with the whole Army in comely order marched alongst the bridge from Saxenhowsen through the Towne of Francford to wards Hechst where there lay two miles off the Towne a Garrison of the enemies In this march through Francford such order was kept without any disorder as if it were the solemne procession of a King and his nobles in parliament every one admiring of his Majesties good order and discipline kept over his Army The nineteenth of November Hechst was taken in by his Majesty with accord where the Souldiers for the most part tooke service The next day the Army lying still in Dorpes his Majesty returned to Francford and met with the Landgrave of Hessen the Landgrave of Darmstat and with the Earles of the Vetro where it was agreed amongst them for the defence of the Land to joyne in one confederacy where the Castle of Russelshem was given unto his Majesty by the Landgrave of Darmstat whereon two hundred Scots of Colonell Lodowick Lesly his Regiment were set under command of Captaine Macdowgall The next day being the two and twentith of November his Majesty returned to Hechst againe and having put forth the Papists placing his owne Preachers on Sunday his Majesty thanked God that he had gotten in Francfort without bloud or stroake of sword His Majesty caused to set over a ship-bridge at Hechst and sent ships before Mentz to blocke it by water till his Majesty with the Army crossed the Maine and marched by Darmstat in the Bergstrasse of intention to have gone for Heidelberg but retiring downe neere the Rhine having
quartered the Army his Majesty with a party did visit the Skonce of Openham and thereafter resolved to take it in The twenty second Observation THIS march being profitable as it was pleasant to the eye we see that Souldiers have not alwayes so hard a life as the common opinion is for sometimes as they have abundance so they have variety of pleasure in marching softly without feare or danger through fertill foyles and pleasant countries their marches being more like to a Kingly progresse then to warres being in a fat land as this was abounding in all things except peace they had plenty of corne wine fruite gold silver Iewells and of all sort of riches could be thought of on this River of the Maine where the Townes and pleasant Flects lie by the water not distant in many places halfe an English mile from one another being one of the pleasantest parts and wholesomest for ayre that I did see in all Germany having a great Traffique by water from thence unto the west sea by the Rhine running northward unto Holland This Towne of Francford is so pleasant for ayre situation buildings traffique commerce withall Nations by water and by land that it is and may be thought the Garden of Germany and consequently of Europe seeing no continent in Europe is comparable unto Germany for fertility riches corne wine traffique by land pleasant Cities faire buildings rare orchards woods and planting civility as well in the country as in the cities their Dorpes and Flects walled about The Boores inhabitants having their wines in Sellers set in great rife or plentifull as water to entertaine their friends in a bountifull manner especially alongst this pleasant River of the Maine Here at Frankford is the Mart called the Francforter Masse whether the Marchants resort from all partes of Europe for the mutuall interchange of money and wares Hether also are brought twice in the yeare from all parts of Eâ—repe the travells and bookes written by the learned of all sciences and of all controversies of Religion to be transported againe from thence for the use of other Kingdomes The inhabitants of Francford we see here are content to take in his Majesties Garrison in Saxonhousen without compulsion or losing of bloud and this kinde of conquest is the best conquest when we conquer more by love then by force where they by their timely yeelding preserved their Towne their buildings their orchards their houses of pleasure undestroied when others through their pride stoode out till they were punished by the ruine of their Townes the losing of their moveables as their gold their silver their rich cupboords their Iewells their ornaments their orchards their gandens in regard of their pride in time of their plenty But this City of Francford was made wise by the ruine of other Cities whose intemporate troubles made them moderate Thus concord is the mother of all happinesse in the Common-weale for she debarres enemies augments wealth makes the Cities sure without a guard and oftimes we see that those who contemne Peace seeking glory they lose both peace and glory Therefore the Lords of Francford did well in preferring good conditions of peace before an uncertaine war especially against such a Heroick King as Gustavus was then the Patriot Protectour of their faith and Religion and consequently of their freedome and their countries freedome and for their rewards to my knowledge they were inriched three yeares together by the hant of the Army with the substance of the foure upper Circles of Germany which in th' end they rewarded with unthankefulnesse and doubtlesse will be punished for it sometime Here also we have the power of example for the Towne of Fâ—â—â—â—ford having taken his Majesty of Sweden for their Protector following their examples the two Landgraâ—es Hessen and Darmstat with the Earles of the Veteraw desire also to be in the confederacy and were most gladly accepted of Vlme Nurenberg and Strasburg ended also their confederacy with his Majesty after the example of Francford promising supply of men money and victualls for the Army Amunition and horses for the Artillery with abundance of Armes for horse and foote with powder ball match waggons spades shovells Pikes mattockes axes and all other things fitting for the advancement of the warres Here was a greate conquest without stroake of sword shewing unto us the number of friends we get when fortune smiles on us but how soone this Hâ—roicke Person is but once gone and that fortune beginneth to frowne then these variable friends quit their confederacy againe following the strongest for which one day the sword of their enemies will come amongst them with hunger and pestilence At this time the Queenes Majesty of Sweden was come to Statin and from thence on her journey towards Francford Here also the Kings Majesty of Bohemia was come to visit his Majesty of Sweden and was Royally received by his Majesty as likewise by the Lords of Francford and was wonderfully well liked of by the whole Communalty of the Cities and Countries where ever his Majesty did come Here also the Marquesse of Hamilton did come unto his Majesty againe being followed like a Prince and well respected by both the Kings The Ambassadors of Britaine and of France were there also and the Rex-chancellor of Sweden being come with the Queenes Majesty and Sir Patricke Ruthvene come from Spruce were all made welcome to this Court then at Francford which was not inferiour to the Emperours owne Court in respect of great confluence of people that came from all parts to congratulate the Lyon of the north his victories and to admire his fortunes being so increased in two yeares time that all things succeeded happily unto his Majesty according to his owne hearts desire The twenty third Duty discharged of the intaking of the Skonce at Oppenham and his Maiesties erossing the Rhine HIS Majesty having viewed and well recognosced the Skonce on the Rhine over against Oppenham the River being interjected betwixt it and the Towne his Majesty did leade Colonell Hepburnes Briggad and Colonell Winckles being the blew with some cannon great and small before it where his Majesty did stay till the Batteries were made and the approaches begun then leaving the command on Colonell Hepburne with tempestuous cold weather with hard frosts and snow we lay downe on the fields having no shelter but some bushes by the side of the Rhine The Skonce was really fortified with Fossees that were broad deepe and full of water with a draw-bridge over the Moate and the Skonce was well beset with a thousand men and well provided of victualls fire and Amunition having free passage at their pleasure without danger from the Towne unto the Skonce and backe againe The Castle and the hill on the other side of the Rhine being mounted high their cannon from their batteries did cleanse and scowre the fields about the Skonce being a razed Champange and plaine without any shelter of their batteries on the other
he had given no assistâ—nce to the last League neither yet was he of the League As also he affirmed that at the last Westphalia convention he refused assistance to the rest of the League his Majesty replied to the Cullens Ambassadour how hardly and unchristianly they had dealt with the Evangelists Stends worse then if they had bin Iewes or Turkes in taking their Churches from them and in banishing themselves Neverthelesse there were some Articles proposed unto them concerning the Neutrality viz. First of all molesting the Evangelists under whatsoever pretence to be abolished and put away Secondly the free liberty of the Religion to be granted and suffered and that the Students of the Religion should be taken aswell in the Colleges as the Papists Thirdly in all Cities the Evangelists to be as free to traffique as the Papists Fourthly they should give no assistance unto the Kings Majesties enemies nor no contribution nor Bills to answer monies on exchange Fifthly to give free passage through their land aswell to his Majesties Army as to his enemies not to hinder them of it both alike Sixthly that his Majesty of Swedens servants should have the Passes open when they pleased to passe and repasse Seaventhly that his Majesties Agents might lie at Cullen to see the Neutrality were justly observed Eightly that his Majesty of Sweden his friends and confederats should have free traffique in their Townes and Territories The Cullens Ambassadour returned from Francfurt with these sleight points to be granted by their Bishop The Swedens were come so neere Cullen that the Superiours were reprehended for it by the Clergy out of the Pulpits for giving such liberty to Hereticks to come againe so neere unto their jurisdictions By this time the Landgrave of Hessen with his Army being neere ten thousand strong of horse and foote for our assistance did lie on the other side of the Rhine over against us and from thence they fell strong on the Spaniards which were in Rinckoe making them also quit those parts and the inhabitants for feare forsaking their houses his Majesty promised them his gracious protection to stay and remaine in their houâ—es they paying their weekely contribution which they payed before to the Bishop of Mentz Being here also at Mentz the French Ambassadour Idid see get audience The reason of his coming being to shew his Majesty of Sweden that the Kings Majesty of France was offended his Majesty of Sweden had crost the Rhine against his paction and confederacy made with the King of France and therefore desired he should retire againe with his Army His Majesty answered he did but prosecute his enemy and if his Majesty of France was offended he could not helpe it and those that would make him retire over the Rhine againe it behooved them to doe it with the sword in their hand for otherwise he was not minded to leave it but to a stronger if his Majesty of France should anger him much he knew the way to Paris and he had hungry Souldiers would drinke wine and eate with as good a will in France as in Germany Therefore he hoped his Majesty would be better advised in sending the next Ambassage in milder termes This interchange of message went betwixt them till at last they were setled on secondary conditions of a new League offensive and defensive At this time the Felt-marshall Gustavus Horne tooke in Mergenhem on the Sawler streame Hailburne on the Necker Wmpviniphen and Necker Olin. Likewise Kunickstene in the Vetre was taken in by accord after Mentz as also the Spaniard left Vieitzler and Geylhousen leaving them both unto the Sweden without shot of Musket or Cannon His Majesty at this time caused publish an Edict where all Marchants of whatsoever Religion or Nation they were of should be free to passe and repasse with their goods to the Francforder Masse and that none of his Majesties Army of whatsoever condition they were either of horse or foote should trouble them under paine of death where the concealer of the wrong being got notice of should be punished to death as the Actor Likewise the twelfth of Ianuary Babenhousen was taken in by accord by his Majesties order and direction and in the end of December Manhem was taken in by Duke Barnard of Wymar having surprized their guards where about two hundred and fifty were cut off of the strangers and quarters and service given to the Dutch where a Captaine and his Ensigne were taken prisoners and let loose againe for the paiment of their Ransome and being come to Heidelberg they were executed by the Governours direction there for over-seeing their duties and these of the League lying at Heidelberg were mightily troubled with the neerenâ—sse of the Swedens neighbour-hood having gorten Manhem their passage unto the Rhine was altogether cut off from them Likewise the Spaniard did quit Garmarsham and retiring to Franckendale they had no more in the Paltz but that and Heidelberg His Majesty wonderfully having gotten in Creutznach and the Castle Where the valorous courage of my Lord Craven a Noble and worthily renowned English Lord was to his great commendation taken notice of by both the Kings For he out of affection and desire to advance the cause following his Majesty of Bohemia of worthy memory at the storming of the workes at Creutznach in sight of his Majesty of Sweden leading up his Company of Voluntiers to the good example of others gave outward testimony of his inward courage in so much that his Majesty of Sweden and all the beholders openly extolled his Lordships noble praise-worthy carriage for having endeavoured so farre as lay in him on this exploit to make his memory out-live himselfe As afterward his Lordship did shew his prowesse Heroicke spirit at the intaking of Donavert Where he did merit so much that I having reason to have said more could say no lesse His worth being knowne his affection to the cause his respects to his Majesty of Bohemia whom he followed merits a well deserving reward from his Majesties Royall Issue Before Creutznach Lievetenant Colonell Talbot was killed and the worthy Captaine Dowglas was shot in the arme Colonell Alexander Ramsey was placed Governour of Creutznach by his Majesty of SwedeÌ„ as a beginning of reward for his old service attendance who loved nothing better than nobly and kindly to entertaine his friends and strangers being the common receptacle and refuge of all his Country-men that liked to honour him with their company As also he was most willing to entertaine and respect strangers of the best quality and most of all he was peremptory in maintaining his Countries credit obliging all Cavaliers to his power but most unwilling to be beholden to others carrying still a noble minde At this time his Majesty being in Mentz Bingen Bagherach on the Rhine and Shaule were taken in by Scalade with a surprise by the Scots of Sir Iames Ramseys Regiment where those within were thrice stronger
though they lost severall Battailes their power was so great that incontinent they made up Armies againe one after another for the space of twentie yeares together so that with difficultie they made the body of the Empire to stand though the wings were very neere clipped by his Majestie of Sweden who in three yeares time subdued the most part of the Empire and with his owne little Armie in one Winter freed the Paltz of the Spanish Forces except Heidelberg alone on which occasions those of our Nation that followed his Majestie shewed both their valour and their love especially those of my Lord Sponce his Regiment seconded well by those of my Lord Rhees Regiment and Sir Iames Ramseys worthy Regiment were well seconded by Colonell Lodowicke Leslyes Regiment which formerly were Sir Iohn Hamiltons These foure Regiments of foote having followed his Majesties owne person in all occasions were worthy their deeds should be Registred to all posteritie Other six Regiments of Scots under Generall Tott and two of English being yonger in the service than the former foure were also shorter of continuance whose actions I cannot relate but by Information Therefore I will be sparing lest I should deregate from their worth or oversee my selfe At this time also there were a great many worthy Cavaliers of our Nation under his Majestie who for their long experience and valour had attained to the honour not onely to be trusted before others with Governments but also were honoured in commanding of strangers both Dutch and Swedeus whereof some were employed in Dutchland some in Sweden some in Liffeland and some in Spruce all alike serving their Master to his minde where he liked best to make use of them for the weale and advancement of his service Sir Patricke Ruthven Generall Major and Governour of Vlme Colonell over Dutch to foote and to horse Sir Alexander Lesly Generall Major and Governour over the whole Cities alongst the Balticke Coast Sir David Drummond Generall Major and Governour of Statin over a Regiment of Swedens Sir Iohn Hepburne Colonell over the Scots Briggad Generall Major King Colonell to horse and foote of Dutch Colonell Carre Colonell to foote of Scots Sir Iohn Ruthven Generall Major Colonell of Dutch Colonell Robert Monro of Fowles Colonell to foote and to horse over Dutch The Earle of Crawford Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell Baily Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell Ramsey Governour of Cretesnough and Commander of Dutch Colonell Alexander Hamilton Colonell of Scots Sir Iames Ramsey Colonell of foote over Scots Sir William Ballentine Colonell over English Colonell Dâ—wglas Colonell of Dutch horsemen Colonell Hume Colonell of Dutch horsemen Colonell Alexander Lesly the younger Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell Iohn Lesly Colonell to foote over Scots Colonell William Gunne Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell Kinninmond Colonell of Swedens Colonell Hugh Hamilton Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell Finnes Forbesse and his brother both Colonells to foote over strangers Colonell Iohn Forbesse Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell Alexander Forbesse called the bald Colonell to foote over Dutch which all with the former twelve Regiments were employed severally upon the Dutch bottome during his Majesties time and since to the great credit of their Nation as likewise other Cavaliers of them were employed in Sweden such as Colonell Scot Colonell Seaton and Colonell Thomson others also were employed in his Majesties service in Spruce as Sir George Fleetwood Colonell to foote over English Francis Ruthven Colonell to foote over Scots and William Kunningham Colonell to foote over Scots Alexander Gordon Colonell to foote over Dutch which Officers with their Regiments after conclusion of the peace made with the Kings Majestie of Polle were also brought into Dutchland against the Saxon and the Emperour Thus farre on passant I was bold to inferre to satisfie the curious Reader and his Highnesse to whom we all vowed faith and obedience being formerly led by such a Generall as the Lyon of the North the invincible King of Sweden who did instruct us all to doe his Highnesse service in all respects to the sacrificing of our lives untill his Highnesse be avenged of his enemies and most honourably restored to his Country credit honours and former losses For we know Germany so well that without guides we can enter their Cities where we know them weakest having helped to subdue many of them before as shall be evident before our expedition come to an end Where we would wish such a Leader as his Highnesse or one of the race come of the Iewell of Europe his Royall Mother for whom and her royall Issue we are obliged and resolved yet to fight till her Throne be established in despight of her enemies Here also we see God will not suffer those Christians unpunished that violate their promise as was seene on Colonell Graâ—e whose fault is too common amongst their faction that hold for a maxime they are not bound to keepe promise or accord unto us as was seene on Colonell Monre of Fowles his Regiment marching out of Stobing the conditions of their accord being broken unto them the Souldiers were forced to serve and the Officers were made prisoners If my fortune were once againe to command the Guards in Memmungen in Bavier the Dukes chiefe residence though I would not breake my word I would hazard to breake my sword to be avenged on those who keepe no promise or oath being enemies to God and to his truth as they did witnesse by their cruelty used at Bamberg where the Felt-marshall being set on unawares was forced to retire having sent away his cannon before him choosing the least of two inconveniences having thought better to endanger a few men in skirmish than by standing to hazard the losse of all and of his cannon Where we see that it is hard for a brave Commander to make a good retreat without cannon where on the contrary having a little time with some advantage of ground it is casie retiring from the fiercest enemy who may lose himselfe and his Army with pressing too farre forwards against cannon Likewise there is nothing more able for to make a partie of horsmen fortunate than a reasonable supply of musketiers ever to attend them for they are ever best together Moreover we have here a laudable custome of a brave Commander as his Majesty was being as carefull in maintaining his conquest as he was fortunat in conquering for before his Majesty would march from the Rhine towards the Danow he first established the Rexchancell chancellor of Sweden at Mentz leaving unto his care the direction of the Army left in the Palatinat to attend the Spaniard which Army was to be led by Palsgrave Christian Brickafield being at least eight thousand strong The twenty seventh Duty discharged of our Marchfrom Mentz unto Francony and to Shawbach HIS Majesty having got intelligence of the Ruffle Generall Tilly had given at Bamberg to Felt-marshall Horne and hearing the Felt-marshall was retired
on Swinford incontinent his Majesties Army was brought together at Mentz and leaving the Rex-chancellor Oxensterne in the Paltz at Mentz as director and to attend on the Spanish forces till the Paltz were cleered of the enemie The sixth of March his Majesty did breake up from Francford where in the fields before Aschaffenburg the Army made a shew in presence of his Majesty of Bohemia Marquesse of Hamilton and divers others men of quality and having passed the bridge we quartered over night in the fields on the backe side of the hill and the next day continued our march towards Lore and having sent before to make provision for the Army in all parts where he resolved to quarter through Franconia being free of our enemies The next night we quartered at Erinfield and our Briggad passing by Gemond we marched on Carlestat where we quartered over night the next day continuing our march we joyned at night with the army at Tettelbach where before our upbreaking the next morning a fire being entred in the Subburbs as his Majesty was marching out of quarter those of Spences Regiment were blamed for this accident though innocent Neverthelesse his Majesties rage continued the whole day and we being separated his Majesty marched on Kitchen on the Maine to joyne with the Felt-marshall and we were commanded to march on Oxenford on the Maine and from thence to Vinchen where we againe were to joyne with the Army having ever our cannon and Amunition waggons along with us On Sunday in the afternoone his Majesty againe over-viewed the Army being set in order of Battaile the Felt-marshalls forces and some new forces having joyned with us being pleasant to behould where in time of the show his Majesty of Bohemia did come and salute our Briggad being resaluted with all due respect of the whole body of the Briggad where his Majesty was pleased to shew us how glad he was of the good report and commendation his Majesty of Sweden had given of our good service the continuance whereof he hartily wished Our Army this day was above twenty thousand men horse and foote besides those did belong to the Artillery being all in good order Generall Tilly having understood of his Majesties coming and of the strength of his Army he thought as best for the safety of his Army not to stay our coming and besetting Bamberg and Fercham with new levied men taking the ould Souldiers with him he marched towards Newmarke in the upper Palatinat having taken all the best things he could finde within the Bishopricke of Bamberg with him on waggons And having sent his Generall Quartermaster before him towards Loaffe he was met by some of the Swedens party and being kill'd all his letters were brought unto his Majesty and before his Majesty brake up with the Army he caused to publish an Edict over all Franconia that all sort of people which had before bin fugitives for feare of Religion they were all free to returne unto their houses againe not being molested or troubled in the peaceable labouring of the ground Likewise on this march a strong party of our Army led by Colonell Sparereutter Rancountring with the enemies party by Schawbbishhall after a long skirmish the Emperialists were made to retire with losse towards the Castle of Danberg where Lievetenant Colonell Buckey that had the command of the Emperialists was sore wounded a Rut-master of the Crabbats and a Lievetenant was kill'd and aboue twenty six Souldiers besides a hundred and thirty were taken prisoners The newes came to his Majesty on our march which we continued from Winsen on Welmersdorffe and from thence the next day being the twentith of March to Furt a passe on the River of Pegnets a mile from Nurenberg where the Army lay but one night so long as his Majesty did visit Nurenberg and the next day our march continued towards a little Towne called Schawbach where his Majesty rested the Army two dayes till that the Duke of Wymars forces with Generall Banier coming from During were come within one dayes march of us his Majesties intentions being towards Donavert on the Danube where my Cozen Fowles with both his Regiments joyned with us His Majesty of Sweden accompanied with the King of Bohemia and Palsgrave Augustus and divers Princes more before their coming to Nurenberg they were met by the Lords of the Towne with a great convoy on horsbacke and were most nobly welcomed where the whole inhabitants were overjoyed at the sight of his Majesty of Sweden but chiefely their affections most abundantly did extend towards his Majesty of Bohemia which is impossible for any tongue to expresse But well I know my eyes did see their eyes shedding teares of joy being overjoyed with the sight of two Kings at once as they thought sent by the King of Kings for their reliefes and to make their welcome the more respected the whole City Burgers and Souldiers were in their brightest Armes and being conveyed unto the City they were sumptuously banqueted and in testimony of their love they gifted unto his Majesty of Sweden foure halfe Cartowes with all furniture belonging to them together with two silver Globes one Coelestiall the other Terrestiall there were also presented unto him drinking Credences many with some Antiquities that were rare and with all testifying their affection in way of complement they assure his Majesty that not only with words but with their whole estate they were ready to serve the common cause to die and live with his Majesty in the defence of the publique His Majesty thus taking leave of Nurenberg promises to continue their friend and shewes them he was to goe with his Army towards the Danow streame to see how to get a passe over the Danow for to visit the Duke of Bavier and he hoped he would make Tilly with his Army to retire thence But Tilly finding his Majesties Army growing still stronger and stronger he retired backe unto the upper Palatinat and from thence he crossed the Danow to joyne with the Duke of Bavaria to hinder our coming unto Bavaria being then of his owne forces neere eighteene thousand men foote and horse But many of them were new leavied folkes and the Duke of Bavaria had also a strong Armie together but for the most part they were such as could not indure the noise or whisling of the Cannon Bullets By this time Grave Henry William Fonselins being shot in the leg before Bamberg was departed at Swineford of a burning feaver contracted through the paine of the shot whose death his Majestie of Sweden did much lament The twenty-seventh Observation THE fifth of March 1632. his Majestie having left sure footing in the Paltz with a bridge over the Rhine and the Mayne where it enters into the Rhine where also was begunne as the Trophee of his victorie the foundation of a Citie and strength called Gustavus-Burg Then in the beginning of the Spring we sprung forth from the Rhine towards the Danow streame
in riches and as their service to his Majestie was faithfull and loyall so his Majestie was liberall and bountifull in advancing them to titles of honour As also in bestowing on them Cadoucks and casualties to inrich them more than others whose fortunes were not to be so rewarded though their deservings were no lesse so that being rich in credit they care not for the want of abundance of externall things being inwardly contented through their vertue Here also we see that as his Majestie was circumspect for his retreate even so he was fore seeing for the safetie of his Armie in not hazarding to ingage it too farre with disadvantage against the Dukes Armie and the strong Citie of Engolstat being the best Strength for one within the Empire Neverthelesse having once recognosced the Citie he would not leave it till he had showne his resolution and left his intrenchment as the tokens of his worth in hazarding to beleaguer it having an Armie to second them and while as his Majesties horse was shot under him he said it did put him in minde he was but mortall and subject to mischances as others and therefore he knew no better remedie but to resigne himselfe and all his to the providence of the Almightie and that he was perswaded that though God should call him out of the world yet the Lord would not abandon his owne Cause being so just but he was assured God would stirre up some other worthier than he to put a period to those warres for the libertie of Gods service in Dutchland and withall he tooke God to witnesse he had no other intention in prosecuting those warres but onely to pull downe the tyranny of the house of Austria and to obtaine a solid and a setled peace unto all men that were interessed in the quarrell Where by this his speech we see that as he was a brave and a valourous King so he was wise at this time in preserving himselfe and his Armie from losing them before such a strong Citie As also we see that the Conditions of mortall men have their changes common unto them that oft-times they are crossed by contrary fortunes as formerly they did prosper and the Lord doth hide the causes of both from us to spurre us ever to seeke to his Majestie in doing good and those good of themselves as this just King was who notwithstanding had need of Gods direction in all his wayes and enterprises which should make us all earnest in seeking the Lord to direct us in all our wayes seeing of our selves we are not able to doe any thing that is good neither ought we to ascribe any thing of our prosperous successe or fortune unto our selves being but the Lords servants and instruments he useth as weake meanes of his glory and the well-fare of his Church on earth Our daily delight should be then to learne wisedome out of the actions of others and like the Bee that makes the honey to converse amongst good company that we may savour at least of their goodnesse following the footsteps of this Heroick and godly King fructifying ever during our life times unto all sort of well-doing till such time as we may end with glory living after death Moreover here we see his Majestie though on a march not neglective to discharge that last and honourable dutie to the corps of that noble and worthy Cavalier the Markgrave of Turlagh and Bawden by making the whole Armie to give two Salves of Cannon Musket and Pistoll in comely order as the Custome is at such times where it is to be regrated how oft-times death doth prevent the expected goodnesse of many a brave fellow as this young Cavalier was the worthy sonne of a worthy Father who carried divers times the title of a Generall Here also I would exhort by the way all worthy Souldiers who aime at credit never to give themselves to mouze or plunder aside from the Armie lest they be punished in dying ignominiously by the hands of cruell tyrants as the ignorant Papist-Boores that have no more knowledge of God than to tell over their Beads being taught as their best devotion and knowledge of the mysteries of God tending to salvation to glory in their ignorance which makes many of them to commit any wickednesse what soever to winne damnation to themselves being once commanded by a Priest that can make the poore ignorant beleeve that to doe wickedly is the way to heaven Who cannot then see how detestable this Doctrine is that gives people libertie to commit all villany and then to assure them of pardon for it The use then we should make of this who professe another truth is to abhorre their examples of life as we doe their doctrine seeing wee should know that no crime before God is so abominable as to glory in sinne for where sinne groweth there groweth also the punishment And he that sinnes openly with an out-streched necke as these villaines did in Wisenburg in sight of God and before the Sunne and the world they offended double teaching others by their example to sinne Happie therefore is the man who delights not in sinne but happier is he that glories not in sinne yea happiest of all that continues not in sinne but repenteth of the evill done and ceaseth to doe so any more The thirty one Duty discharged of our Expedition unto Munchen and of our abode there BEing retired from Landshut a pretty little Towne and Castle in Bavaria lying on the Eiser we continued our march after his Majesty and marched towards Frising where we joyned with his Majesty and incamped over night in the fields where his Majesty had intelligence that Wallestine with a strong Army was on his march towards the upper Paltz which made his Majesty make the greater haste to visit Munchen the Duke of Bavaria his chiefe Towne of residence having made the Bishop of Frising pay fifty thousand Dollers and promise contribution beside out of the whole Bishopricke and continuing our march the sixth of May towards Munchen on our way the Commissioners from Munchen did come and salute his Majesty offering all kinde of submission for to spare from plundering of their City and from ruinating of their houses and policy His Majesty lying over night in the fields within halfe a mile of the City his Majesty commanded Colonell Hepburne with our Briggad to march away and to make the Circuit of the Towne to lie over-night at the bridge that went over the Eiser with his Briggad to guard the bridge that none should passe or repasse till his Maiesties coming to the Towne which accordingly we obyed and guarded the bridge till the next morning his Maiesty encamped the whole Army without the Towne marching in with our Briggad alone where Colonell Hepburnes Regiment had the watch on the market place and the guarding of the Ports his Maiesty of Sweden and the King of Bohemia being lodged on the Castle I was commanded with our Regiment and my
though expert in military vertue he resolved to weary the enemy having a strong and mightie Armie to be entertained with all sort of provision which must needs be brought from a farre out of Bavaria upon the Axell or Waggons being a labour of infinit paine and toyle to transport entertainment for fiftie thousand men daily and Corne for Horses such a farre way and having appointed their Magazin-house in the upper Paltz to weary them the sooner his Majestie very wisely as we see plotted the ruine of it to be effectuated by Colonell Dowbattle being knowne for a Cavalier of much worth that formerly had done his Majestie divers notable good services as at this time which made his Majestie to be the more carefull of his safe retreate in comming himselfe with a partie betwixt the enemy and him to be his second being no small honour where in the first Rancounter Colonell Ree was killed and then a little Captaine of the Leeffe Regiment throwing off his Doublet did valourously command supplying the place of the Colonell till such time as his Majestie tooke notice of his noble carriage and then lighted from his Horse taking the Command to him selfe Neverthelesse at his Majesties returne to Quarters he did give his own Pourtraict with a gold chaine to the Captaine and advanced him to a Lievetenant Colonells place for reward of his vertuous carriage in sight of his Master Colonell Ree being kill'd I being then the eldest Lievetenant Colonell under his Majesties Armie of foote having served three yeares before as Lievetenant Colonell I sought of his Majestie as my due according to the custome then used that I might be made Colonell to Rees Regiment which his Majestie confessed openly to have been my due Neverthelesse on other considerations shewed by his Majest ie unto me I was contented to give way to his Majesties will whereupon his Majestie urged me to be Colonell to the Regiment I had commanded so long in absence of my Lord of Rhees seeing his Lordship had advertised his Majestie he was not to returne to his Charge As also he had sent his Warrant under his hand unto me to deale with his Majestie to get the Regiment being weake to be made up for my selfe but I being desirous to have commanded strangers the other Regiment being strong and ours very weake my intention was to have joyned them both in one seeing at that time his Majestie would not admit me to recrue the Regiment from Scotland but having given me Patent as Colonell his Majestie assigned a Muster-place for me in Schwabland from whence I was to receive moneys to strengthen my Regiment being then but seven Companies to twelve and before the next Summer I made them up to ten Companies His Majestie having the eighteenth of August 1632 placed me Colonell over the Regiment at which time Major Iohn Sinclaire was placed my Lievetenant Colonell and Captaine William Stewart was made Major The thirty-sixt Dutie discharged of the joyning of our Armie with the Succours and of our service at Nurenberg THE sixteenth of August the succours being come from Saxon Hessen and During brought up by the Rex-chancellor Oxensterne and Duke William of Wymar being come together at Ventzhame the eighteenth at Aiorach and Prugg and the twenty-one at Furt by foure of the Clocke in the morning they presented themselves in Battaile before Furt where did lie above a thousand Emperialists which were presently chased away taking their Retreate unto Walestines Leaguer which done Duke Barnard of Wymar and Generall Banier continued the Armies march being thirtie thousand strong through the fields towards a Dorpe called Grosseroote and draws up in Battaile in plaine Champaigne halfe a mile from the enemies Leaguer his Majestie then marching out of his Leaguer with the Armie from Swyno towards Clyneroote incontinent presented himselfe in Battaile before the enemies Leaguer but the Emperialists unwilling to be seene in the fields they kept themselves close within their Leaguer playing on us with their Cannon having done no more hurt than the killing of one Constable and a few Souldiers and we attending their resolution and out-coming enterprized nothing all day but stood ready in Battaile till night that the foote Briggads had orders to advance within Cannon reach of their Leaguer where our Batteries were ordained to be made all in Front as our Armie stood alongst the face of the enemies Leaguer where we had cast up a running trench before the front of our Armie from the right hand to the lef t going from one Battery to another on which Batteries were planted seventy-two pieces of Cannon great and small well guarded with strong guards of Musketiers and Pikemen the Briggads lying ready at hand to relieve them in time of need and our horse-Briggads being appointed without them to stand in readinesse for to second the foote The day peeping the Emperiall Generalls were saluted with a salve of Cannon which untimely stirred some from their rest making them retire unto their Strengths not having the courage to shew their faces in the fields This service of Cannon having continued the whole day in the night the Emperialists retired their Forces towards their workes on the old hill being mighty strong on that quarter so that there was no possibility to harme them any more with Cannon His Majestie thinking if it were possible to get in the hill he was then able to beate the enemy out of his Leaguer and therefore in the night gave Orders to draw off the Cannon from the Batteries and having the Armie in readinesse we marched in the night through Furt towards the other side of the enemies Leaguer of intention to take in the hill and then to beate them out of their Leaguer and his Majestie having got intelligence the enemy had marched away and left but a Reare-guard on the Hill to make his Retreate good we marched neere the Hill and drew up in Battaile alongst the side of it horse foote and Cannon by seven of the Clocke in the morning where incontinent on slight information his Majestie resolved in earnest to pursue the Hill Duke William of Wymar then Lievetenant Generall next unto his Majestie had the command of the Armie Generall Banier had the Command of the foote and Duke Barnard of Wymar Commanded the Horse Colonell Leonard Richardson had the Command of the Artillery divers other Cavaliers of note were ordained to attend his Majestie for giving assistance in Command to be directed by his Majestie as occasion offered such as Grave Neeles a Sweden then Generall Major of foote Generall Major Boetius a Dutch Sir Iohn Hepburne then having left command of the Briggad being out of employment he attended his Majestie Generall Major Rusteine being then Stallemaster to his Majestie attended also Generall Major Striffe commanded the Horse next to Duke Barnard The Armiethus in Battaile and the whole Officers of the field attending his Majestie and their severall Charges the service being but begunne Generall Banier
an immortall Crowne after death for fighting well the Battells of the Lord As his Majesty went about his enemies with wisdome and courage so Walesline went about his with craft and policy casting a ditch before our forces to fall in which was made the buriall place of his owne Souldiers being fallen in the ditch they had prepared for others I confesse there is nothing more commodious in warre then to deceive an enemy and oftimes through deceit men obtaine victory yet the wisdome of Gustavus seasoned with infinite courage could not be trapped with a Fowlers grinne but brake through it with the assistance of God till he was victorious over his crafty enemies This Magnanimous King for his valour might have bin well called the Magnifique King and holden for such who while as he once saw appearance of the losse of the day seeing some forces beaten backe and some flying he valorously did charge in the middest of his enemies with hand and voice though thrice shot sustained the fight doing alike the duty of a Souldier and of a King till with the losse of his owne life he did restore the victory to his eternall credit he died standing serving the publique Pro Deo et Religionetuenda and receiving three Bullets one in the body one in the Arme and the third in the head he most willingly gave up the Ghost being all his life time a King that feared God and walked uprightly in his calling and as he lived Christianly so he died most happily in the defence of the truth and to witnesse all this was true I could take Heaven and Earth Sun and Moone mineralls c. to witnesse that his Colours ever florished and spred in the name of the Lord and that his confidence was not set on the Arme of man though he was a warriour from his youth up he was the Captaine over Iraell whose fingers the Lord taught to fight and to leade his people He had the heart of a Lyon that by Gods helpe had done such things that those that had seene and heard it as I did must needs have faid that it was the Lord that did it and not he being it was the Lords worke But our adversaries and their damned crew of Iesuits and Monkes will say that it was their power and might and the goodnesse of their cause that made his Royall Maiesty to fall But we may say with Salomon in the twenty-eighth of the Proverbs and twenty-one verse It was for the sinnes of the Land and our sinnes that he was taken from amongst us and from those poor Cavaliers that did follow him for his Maiestics love and the love of the cause He was shot with three Bullets dead with the last for our sinnes and the sinnes of the Land And what he did before his death for the liberty of Dutch-land and freedome of the Gospell none but knowes it he left his owne Kingdome to bring strangers to freedome in theirs he set light by his owne life for Dutch-land that they might keepe theirs he waked and cared day and night for them as a father for his children that at last he might bring peace for them to sleepe sound he brought the keyes and opened their Church doores that were closed up by the Antichristian Idolaters that the Devills doctrine was banished againe out of the Paltz and Christs Gospell preached and the Sacraments duely administred which I saw and was partaker of singing thankes unto God for their deliverance He it was and none other under God who helped them to their liberties He it was and none other releeved Israell Notwithstanding whereof the unthankfulnesse of the people was so great that with my eares divers times I did heare some of them say he might as wel have stayed in his own country till they had sent for him so great was their unthankfulnesse Likewise they said if he had had much at home he had not come unto them over seas such a farre Iourney Was not this to recompence good with evill Was not this right the chiefe Butlers part that did not remember Ioseph but forgot him Was not this Ioas his part to Ichoida his Father O then this was the poisonable bullet of ingratitude of the people for which our King and Master was taken away Oh would to God the people had never bin so unthankfull that our King Captaine and Master had yet lived Moreover as these people were unthankfull so they were Godlesse many of them in the time of their troubles as I did behould oftimes with mine eyes a carelesse security amongst them thinking their victories were so frequent and their owne power so great they needed not the assistance of the Swedens nor of strangers and their pride was so great that disesteeming of strangers in their pride they led a life very insolent and deboist being given to the workes of the flesh adultery fornication uncleannesse lasciviousnesse idolatry c. In a word it was even amongst them as it was in the dayes before the flood as if the Lord had forgotten them or could not see their villany so it behooved God to have punished them by his Majesties death For in their hearts they said there was no God so that their mischiefe came on them unawares and this the peoples carriage caused his Majesties untimely death being shot the second time O would to God they had done otherwise and served God more truely that we might have had the presence and conduct of our Magnanimous King longer till the pride of Austria had bin more humbled and the whore of Babylon brought unto repentance of her Idolatries O would to God I could enough lament his death As also lament my owne sinnes and the wickednesse of the people that was the cause of this untimely death through their sinnes And his Majesties selfe also being a sinner as he himselfe oftimes confessed wishing that God would not lay to his charge the greate respect and reverence the best sort of the people did give unto him being but a sinfull man as they were for which he seared the Lord was angry with him shewing by his cōfession he did glory in nothing but in the Lord ascribing ever all his victories unto God and nothing presuming of himselfe For I dare be bould to say he was a man according to Gods minde if there was one on earth Such was our Master Captaine and King As was Abraham the Father of many so was our Master Captaine and King Was Noah in his time unreproveable So was our Master Captaine and King Was Iob in his sufferings patient So was our Master Captaine and King Was Ionathan true and upright in keeping his word So was our Master Captaine and King Was Iehosaphat in his warres penitent and busie craving the helpe of the Lord So was our Master Captaine and King Was Simeon good and full of the spirit So was our Master Captaine and King Was young Tobias mindfull all his dayes of the Lord in his
on the Isle of Aenary where he did see the smoke of the Cannon saith Philip Dore diligent to make good execution with Cannon and not in vaine spending pouder and shot on the Spaniard his great piece called the Basiliske the ball being monstrous great broke through the whole ship even to her keele and killing thirty wounded severall Captaines and Gentlemen that were mutilated or dismembred So that the Marquesse of Guat was all spoiled with the bloud and entralls of the dead Guicciardin roported that at the siege of Calis in the yeare 1558. by the Duke of Guise in name of the King of France on the three Kings day in the morning with thirty three double Cannon from one battery made such a noyse that the sound was heard five houres going beyond Calis being twenty English miles And lest the judicious Reader will thinke this an untruth I would warrant it from my owne deede for he that pleaseth may reade the story written by the Author Guicciardin But those peeces of Cannon that are farthest hard are called pot-peeces or Mortiers such as Mounts on the Castle of Edenburrough being so wide that it is reported that a man did get a Childwithin which I also warrant from my owne deede but the truth is it is a huge great peece from whence did come our old Scots Proverbe the Devill shoote Mounts in your arse Gentle Reader excuse my homelinesse since I was not the Inventer of this Proverbe These kinde of Peeces are very large and carry stones for bullets The Mortiers of Soliman at the Siege of Rhodes in the yeare 1522. their bullets wayed some of them two hundred weight the least one hundred and fifty pounds of great weight when they light on a house they goe through from top to ground and Paulus Iovius reports of a Mine made by Peter Valler which made entrance for the Spaniard within the new Castle of Naples kept by the French the French were so astonished with the surprize of the Mine that they retired unto the last and furthest Court so that the guards had not time to draw up their Draw-bridges and the French letting downe the Portcullies to hinder the Spaniards entry coming with a furious presse the French bring a peece of Cannon to terrifie the Spaniards that had entred one Gate or the first Court and shoote amongst them where by chance the Iron bullet tooke hould of the thicke of the Port where it remaines to this day showne for a Monument unto strangers that have got the credit to goe within this Castle to see it Many such Stories we could inferre but let these suffise in this place for this time THE CHRISTIAN SOVLDIER GOING ON SERVICE HIS Meditations I. WHEN thou seest thy Camerade going to Muster with a faire shew outwardly deckt with brave clothes and delighting in his Plumes thinke with thy selfe such an outward shew is nothing without the inward gifts of the minde for if thou desirest to be a Souldier of Christ thou must be adorned with all vertues that inwardly thou mayest be such as outwardly thou doest appeare unto the world Thou must then learne to mortifie those vices to which thou art most subject taking accompt of thy selfe how thou hast resisted vice and what good thou hast done and say then when thou findest thou hast done nothing that is good Lord make us every day to renounce sinne and resist vice that our love and zeale to thee may be inflamed to well-doing even in the greatest extremity of adversity II. When thou seest the Kings Majesty thy Master or his Generall coming to looke on the battaile when all Front towards the King with due respect and reverence thinke then againe with thy selfe and say as for me it is good to draw neere unto thee O Lord for thou art my King and my God thee alone will I worship and love make me happy in thy love and for thy sake I will despise all things for thou art the strength of my head and my portion for ever for through hope we attaine unto thee by Faith III. When thou seest thy Camerads knitting all things about them handsome and fast before they march say thou then knit mine heart unto thee O Lord that I may feare thy name for he that loveth not thee must quake and feare and it is a fearefull thing to fall into thy hands for thy coming unto Iudgment is terrible thy roaring is like a Lyon and thy Sword a consuming fire no place can hide man from thy presence thou seest the heart and the Reines no secret is hid from thee and who can escape thy vengeance None except they repent Lord therefore save me from that bitter death and give me grace to repent that I may bewaile my misery before I depart IIII. When thou art entred in the troublesome way of thy march and sufferest toyle travell heate cold hunger thirst nakednesse perill being called to labour and to suffer and not to live in pleasure and idlenesse say then my sorrow O Lord is ever before me for in me dwelleth no good I offend day by day and which is worse I cannot repent sinne increaseth and the Fountaine of grace is stopped and I finde no comfort Say then againe O Lord spurre me and whip me with thy Rod before I perish and reserve not thy punishment lest at last I shall be made to pay the uttermost farthing Lord therefore create a new heart within me that I may prepare a habitation for thee to rest in a cleere conscience O Lord for thy Sonne Christs sake suffer me not to goe away empty for with thee is mercy and great redemption therefore I will be comforted whilst thou givest me time to amend my life V. When thou seest thy Camerads for love of credit and the favour of their Officers making no difference betwixt faire and foule way but with patience induring all toile to come to the end of their march thinke then with thy selfe that after this manner of old the servants of Christ for the favour and love of God and of his glory did serve the Lord in hunger and thirst in cold in nakednesse in watching and fasting in prayers in meditations in manifould persecutions and troubles contemning all pleasurs for Christ they sought the glory of God more then their owne fame Lord therefore make us contemne and slight all things for the love of Christ altering from vice to vertue mortifying our lusts that we may become Souldiers of Christ loving nothing so much as God and the salvation of our soule VI. When thou seest thy Camerade fix in his Armes and well exercised with Pike Musket and Sword then thinke with thy selfe that thy duty is to trust in the Lord and to doe good that thou mayest dwell in the land and be â—ed assuredly thy delight must be in the law of the Lord and thou must be exercised therein day and night that thou mayest be full of hope and strength remembring thy end
Lievetenant Georg Heatly were the first that scaled the walles of Francfurt 34 Y. Mackâ—y his Regiment had ever good fortune in service as they had in their quarters never knowing want for nine yeares 47 T. The Marquesse of Hamilton was made welcome at Verben 52 C. The Marquesse his Army arrived in good time for the furthering of the service though not for the weale of the Souldiers 53 D. Men of our profession ought to heare their troubles patienly that in the end they may gaine credit and honour 72 F. Major Rothwell and his brother botâ— slaine at Wertzberg 106 W. His Majesty of Sweden put to the triall of his judgment by Tilly. 85 F. Mentz upon the Rhine taken in by accord 95 Z. A Royall March made by two Kings through Franconia unto Bavaria 112 H. The young Markgrave of Turlough killed with the Cannon before Engolstat 120 Y. The Marquesse of Hamilton tooke leave of his Majesty at Newstat 154 C. When a Man of warre groweth proud over victories then commonly approacheth his punishment except he suddenly repent 158 K. Magnanimity and humility were cohabitant in his Majesty of Sweden 162 R. Man being but the Ball of time tossed from hand to hand governed by a power that must be obeyed 174 M. Major Sidsefe with Ramseys Musketiers makes the Emperialists give ground 176 Q. N. The Neglect of the Commander of Lettes discommendable 15 X. Nature doth beget us miserable and we live over-burthened with cares vanishing like a flower or bubble ult  Novices in warre sometimes are made sicke with the thundering of Cannon before they come neare danger 70 B. Neutrality sought out of policy 103 Q. Nurenberg most commodious for the Protestant faction 129 N. Necessity seldome suffers to make choice of time 130 P. The Nurenbergers made up twenty-foure Companies which carried the Letters of the Alphabet in their Coulours 132 T. Nurenberg for three monthes together sustained eight hundred thousand soules within the walles besides the entertaining of the Army 132 T. At Nurenberg the Horsmen were set to foote 144 L. At Nurenberg left under cure above two thousand 150 W. The Nurenbergers bring huge baggage from the Imperiall Leaguer 153 A. At Nurenberg were lost above thousands of horse and catttle 153 A. If there be any Nectar in this life it is for sorrow we indure for the goodnesse and love of our absent friends 157 I. Naumburg taken in by Colonell Bransten 140 O. Novices in warres being afraid of death doe seeke their safeties in flying as the Saxons did 69 A. O. Officers of Mackeys Regiment were like the Eagles birds taking command on them how soone they could but fly 14 V. The Order used by the King at Brandenburg worth the observance 15 W. Officers that grow fantasticke for wealth checked for pride 20 C. Officers that hunt for credit may gaine renowne though poore 20 C. When Officers grow too rich they grow feeble 50 Z. Occasions taken in warres of times doe helpe more then vertue it selfe 24 H. No Officer of discretion ought to advance further then with conveniency he may retire 42 K. The Oppression done to the poore causeth the unfortunate events of warlike enterprises 48 V. The Order his Majesty appointed to be kept at Verben Leaguer is worth the observance 51 The Order his Majesty placed the Army unto at Leipsigh is worth the observance 64 S. To Obtaine Victory art and skill in handling the weapons of our warfare are requisite 69 An Outfall well repulsed by push of pike 162 S. Opportunity of time a swift Eagle 129 N. Oxensterne the Chancellour appointed by the King of Sweden to have the direction at Nurenberg 153 A. The Office of a Generalla great charge 137 A. An Outfall made at Rhine by Lievetenant Colonell Iohn Lesly 100 I. P. The Plague or Pestilence though raging among Souldiers ought not to hinder them from going freely on their duties 10 O. The Pest raging at Statin fewer Scots died then of other Nations causâ incognitâ 12 R. Princes that are absolute should have way given unto them in things indifferent 13 T. A Prentiship well past by an Officer under his Majesty of Sweden such an one may be made choice of to serve his King and Country before another 21 D. Publia Cornelia Annia lived twenty yeares without once offending her husband 29 Q. Publique employment ought never be given to greedy persons 85 D. Pikemen being resolved men are best for execution 37 C. In a Prince truth of all vertues is chiefest 45 O. The Plague removed in the dog-dayes from Verben Leaguer wonderfully 49 Y. Plumes or Feathers are sometimes tokens rather to cut men downe then of safety 70 A. Protestation made by his Majesty to the Lords of Francfurt 87 I. The Power of example seene in the following of Francfurt 90 Q. Papenhaim relieved Madeburg 104 S. The People of Nurenberg overjoyed at the sight of two Kings at once shed teares 111 E. Palsgrave Augustus tooke in Heckstat on the Danube 115 M. The Papists in Bavaria were hanged by their purses 116 P. The Protestant Councilâ— at Ausburg did present unto his Majesty of Sweden Corne Fishes and Wine 118 S. Piety where ever most there is most happinesse 119 W. Papenhaim praised for his warlike exploits 136 A. Papenhaim merits to be recorded for his resolute carriage and extraordinary diligence 142 H. Papenhaim the first adventured after the battaile of Leipsigh with an Amy in Lower Saxon. 142 H. Papenhaim compared to a crafty Pyrat at Sea 142 H. Panicke feare doth betray many brave men 152 Z. Papenhaim retired from Mastreicht and relieved Paterborne 157 H. Papenhaim tooke in Milhousen and plundred Saltz 157 H. Papenhaim tooke in Theanestade and caused hang three Burger-masters halfe dead 157 H. Papenhaim immoderate in his victories 158 K. It is Pitty pride should be oftimes cohabitant with valour 158 K. Punnishment of cruelty though it come late yet sure it never comes light 158 K. Papenhaim retired from Hall was killed at Leitzen 165 X. Pencell or tangue can adde nothing to his Majesty of Swedens perfection 169 D. Palsgrave Christian did neglect a golden oportunity at Rhine 173 K. Some doe finde Pefection in the very jawes of mischiefe while as others flying from danger meete with death 174 M. Q. The Queenes Majesty of Sweden proposed to other women for good example of patience 26 L. R. Robert Rosse killed by the Cannon before Damaine 17 Z. Robert Monro Furer and Robert Monro Sergeant both died at Brandeburg 47 R. River of the Elve so shallow that the Kings Cannon were drawn through 49 W. A Retreit most formall made by his Majesty of Sweden at Verben Leaguer 55 G. Robert Monro Kilternes Son died at Vittenberg 59 L. As the Rudder in a ship doth governe so God moves and governes the world and doth not stirre himselfe 60 M. Resolution ought ever to be resisted with Resolution 92 W. Rut-master Home of Carrelside praised for
his valour 98 D. The Rhinegrave retired from the Enemy with losse 98 D. The Rhinegrave being modestly valiant had both remissenesse and courage 99 F. Ramseys Regiment good seconds to their Countrimen 116 O. Religion and justice are the fundaments of good society 119 V. Religion is our guide to Heaven and on earth the Fountaine of our justice 119 W. Being Rich in credit the want of externall things should never greeve us 123 C. The Rhinegraves Regiment having taken seven Standards from the Spaniard chased them out of the Paltz 155 X. Rich he is in God and not poore who ever is content with his Fortune 181 S. Souldiers wonderfully delivered from danger at Sea 4 L. The Story of Hugolene Depise remarkable 20 B. Souldiers wives preferred to other women for many reasons 27 M. Sempronius Gracchus choosed to die before his wife 29 R. Scots resent soonest of all Nations the austere carriage of their Commanders 42 I. Strengths or Forts are discouraged while as their secrets are discovered 42 I. The Spade and the Shovell ever good Companions in danger 52 K. Souldiers insurrection amongst themselves is to be avoided 47 R. Serbester beere the best in Dutchland for the body as their Religion is for the soule 47 T. Souldiers well rewarded will refuse no danger 50 Z. The Scots Briggad with push of Pike disordered the enemies battailes at Leipsigh 66 V. The Spoile was parted at Leipsigh Leaguer the enemy being gone 71 E. Saxony was is and shall be sedes belli till the warres end in Germany 72 I. The Scots Briggad was thanked by his Majesty of Sweden 73 I. Sir Iames Ramsey Sir Iohn Hamilton force the passage on the Maine at Wurtzberg 79 W. The Swedens entred first the storme at Wurtzburg castle 80 Y. The Scottish Clergy esteemed of abroad 81 Z. Sir Iohn Hamilton like to a Cavalier of worth did resent the wrong done to him and his Country at Wurtzburg 82 A Skirmish at Oxenford in view of his Majesty by the Scots 83 C. Sir Henry Vane Ambassadour for Britaine arrived at Wurtzburg 85 E. Stanhem taken in by Accord 87 K. Souldiers sometimes have pleasant marches 89 N. A Scots Sergeant slaine with a Cannon bullet at Oppenhem drinking Tobacco by the fire 91 S. The Scottish fashion of old was to fight pell mell with two handed Swords 93 W. The Scots at his Majesties crossing the Rhine in the night did valorously resist the Spanish fury 93 X. The Spaniard Enemy mortall to the Prince Elector Palatine of Rhine 93 X. The Spaniards retire into Frankendall 95 The Scots of Ramseys Regiment by scaleing the walls tooke in divers little Townes in the Paltz 101 M. Scots Regiments divers were under Generall Tods Army 102 O. Sharnesse sent to his Majesty of Sweden to treate for a Neutrality 103 P. Suspitions past betwixt his Majesty of France and the King of Sweden 105 V. Sweden Souldiers did runne away from their Post at Donavert 115 N. A Stone house a scurvy defence against Cannon 115 O. Sweden Souldiers three hundred in one night slaine before Engolstar 120 Z. A Souldier in one night could passe prentice for resolution before Engolstat 120 Z. Scots Officers advanced by Generall Major Ruthven 122 C. Scots Regiments two were appointed at Minken in Bavier to guard two Kings 125 G. Spoile in great brought out of Bavaria 126 I. Scots Colonells two were unfortunate by their imprisonment 174 O. Spire given over by Colonell Hornegt 135 X. The Swedens convoyed the Spaniard toward Mastreight 135 Y. Stoad beset againe with a Sweden Garrison 137 A. The Swedens take in Coblentz and quit it to the French 138 C. The Swedens beleaguor Benfeld in Alsas 139 D. The Spaniard discommended for his conduct in the Paltz 141 F. Spaniards they were not all that fled neither were they all Swedens that followed the victory 141 G. The Souldier glorying in his poverty is contented with any thing 141 O. Separation wonderfull of two Armies without a shot 154 D. Stout he must be and wise also that cannot be surprised 155 E. The Separation of loving friends compared to that death makes betwixt the body and Soule 155 F. A Slight accord made at Rhine on the Leake 159 L. Souldiers ought to setle their wives before they should be impediments unto them at service 161 Q. Souldiers abstaine more from vice for feare of punishment then for obedience to Gods Law 162 R. The Swedens after Leitzen resolved to revenge the Kings death 165 Y. Souldiers having once conceived an evill opinion of their Leaders no eloquence is able to remove it 174 N. The Swedens Army was left at Donavert 1633 for three moneths 178 V. T. Terror in great amongst the Catholiques at Erford 77 P. The Tyranny of our Enemies ought rather to be prevented then suffered 132 T. The Townes about Nurenberg unhumanely used by Gallas 154 B. Time nor number of yeares doth not make a good Souldier but the continuall meditation of exercise and practice 69 A. V. The Valour of Lievetenant Colonell Walter Butler commended at Francfurt on the Oder 34 Y. Victory is never peculiar unto any 50 Z. The Valiant man would choose to die honourably when Cowards desire to live with ignominy 72 H. In Vaine we murmur at things must be in vaine we mourne for what we cannot remedy 174 M. Vnworthy they are of command who preferre any thing to the health of their followers 155 E. VV. A Woman wonderfully delivered of a child a shipboard 6 M. Our Wings the farther they are spread from us our bodies are the better guarded 10 O. In Warres nothing can be well effectuated without the guide of intelligence 41 H. Wirtzburg taken by accord 79 V. The Want of feathers is a great impediment unto flying 87 K. The Wings of the Empire were neare clipt by his Majesty of Sweden 108 A. To Win credit we must rather seeke to our Enemies then to stay their commings 113 I. Both Wise and stout they ought to be that leade Armies 152 Z. Wisdome force or power cannot prevaile against that cause the Lord takes in hand 154 D. Wallestine takes in the Castle of Plesingburg 166 Wallestine his retreit after losing the battaile of Leitzen 165 Z. Wallestine did goe about to fight more with craft and policy then with the dint of Armes 153 A. Y. The Young Rhinegrave slaine 1631. 52 A. Young Papenhaim valorously did keepe out the castle of Mansfelt 113 K. Licence is granted for the printing of this Booke Hampton Court Decemb. 8. 1636. John Coke FJNJS
Lord Spences Regiment led by Lievetenant Colonell Musten and ordained to lie in the great Courte of the Palace night and day at our Armes to guard both the Kings persons and to set out all Guards about the Palace where I was commanded with our whole Officers not to stirre off our watch having allowance of Table and diet for us and our Officers within his Maiesties house to the end we might the better looke to our watch and the command of all directions under stayers was put upon me being then Commander of the Guards where I had power over the whole offices belonging to the house and might have commanded to give out any thing to pleasure Cavaliers having stayed in this charge three weekes nobly entertained Here in Munchen the Boarish-Boares alleadged the dead were risen since before his Maiesties coming by the Dukes command the great cannon were buried side by side in the Magazin house whereof his Maiesty being made acquainted they were digged up out of the ground and carried away to Ausburg above one hundred and fourty peeces of Cannon great and small whereof there were twelve Apostles and other Cannon which formerly were taken from the Elector Palatine and the Duke of Brunswicke with their names and Armes on them of which one was found wherein there were thirty thousand Duckets of gold being a present for a King Likewise in this Magazin house there were found clothes and Armes ready to cloth an Army of ten thousand foote which helped our Army much many other rarieties were gotten in this house worth much mony which were transported away by both the Kings As also all the Dukes servants of his whole houshold were there that bare offices about the house and the house it selfe was as well replenished and furnished as any Kings Palace needed to be of all magnificent furniture for bed board and hangings which were sumptuous and costly Here also about this Palace were pleasant gardens fish-ponds water-workes and all things yeelding pleasure in the most splendid grandure that can be imagined with a pleasant Tennis-court for recreation where both the Kings sometimes did recreat themselves Moreover this house was so magnificently situated that for three miles about it there was such pleasant Hare hunting that sometimes we could see the Hares flocking together in troopes above twenty As also for the Princes pleasure there could be brought together in prospect of the Palace heards of Deare sometimes above five hundred at once and sometimes for pleasure a thousand to be brought together His Maiesty having remained here above a fort night and getting intelligence of some turbulent uproares made by the Papists Boores in Schwabland his Maiesty leaving Generall Banier to command over the Army at Monchen his Maiesty with a strong party of horse and two Briggads of foote marched towards Memmungen in Schwabland and having presently stilled the uproare he retired upon Ausburg and from thence to Munchen againe where his Majesty on a sudden taxed the Towne in a hundred thousand Rex Dolours which the Burgers and Clergy were willing to give his Majesty to keepe the City unplundered for which summe there were fifty of the speciall Burgers and Clergy given as pledges unto his Majesty till paiment were made of the monies against a certaine day and to that effect the pledges were sent with a Convoy unto Ausburg to be kept there till the monies were paied His Majesty then fearing that Walestine lately made Generalissimus to the Emperours whole Army was coming with a strong Army out of Bohemia and his Majesty thinking he was to fall with those Forces into the Duke of Saxons country and seeing the Duke of Bavier had his Army ready at Rhinsberg and the passe open he might joyne with Walestine when he pleased and therefore his Majesty resolved suddenly to breake up with his Army from Munchen giving orders all should be in readinesse against the twenty sixth of May to march towards Donavert and from thence in haste to Nurenberg The thirty-one Observation WISE Generalls must resolve in time to rule their affaires according to the occurrences happening in the course of warres for the Duke of Bavier finding himselfe after Tillies death and his losse sustained at Rhine on the Leacke not bastant to rancounter his Majesties Army in the fields he very wisely resolved to make a defensive warre betaking himselfe with his Army within his Strengths and Passes collecting his Forces together at those two places of Engolstat and Rhinsberg which his Majesty perceiving thought againe it was not time for him to enter in beleaguering of such strengths being so strongly beset and so well provided especially seeing his enemies were drawing strong to the fields from all parts The Spaniard forcing his troopes on the Rhine within the Palatinat Generall Major Ossa coming behinde him with an Army in Schwabland the Duke of Bavier lying strong with his Army betwixt him and Nurenburg on the passes of Engolstat and Rhinsberg Walestine also drawing neere to the Duke of Saxon with a strong Army to fall into his country betwixt his Majesty and home and Papenhaim then dominiering in the nether Saxon Creitches in consideration whereof his Majesty very wisely resolved to hang the little Townes Cloisters and Abbacies belonging to the Papists in Bavaria by the Purse taking of them on the sudden all the monies they were able to give him and pledges for the rest promising unto them unlesse they would duely pay their promised contribution unto his Commissaries the next time he would burne their Dorpes and houses and put all to the sword whereas then he had used clemency in hope they would give the like obedience unto him as unto the Duke their Master For his Majesty did see the enemy forced him by a diversion And therefore he used his time while he was in Bavaria that they might not forget he had bin there but rather tooke tokens with him as men mony Armes rare monuments of antiquity and rich Iewells and which was worse wherein his Majesty had neither hand nor direction many of their houses Dorpes and Castles were burnt to the ground by evill and wicked instruments that repaied burning with burning using the Papists at home as they used Protestants abroade being neere the Baltique coast they never dreamed that the Protestants would come so farre up as to repay them under the foote of the Alpes And had Gustavus lived we had gone neere to warme them within Rome for their by-past cruelties where we see that God the righteous judge punisheth sinne with sinne and man by his owne iniquity His Majesty leaving no Garrison in Bavaria to keepe the country the better in awe and obedience he tooke Hostages and pledges of speciall men from them along with him to make them the readier to pay the summes they had promised As also their contribution and to make them the loather to rise againe in Armes against his Majesties Garrisons which lay adjacent unto them The Duke of Baviers