and have some Towns It s chief places the chief of which is James Town commodiously seated on James River a neat Town and beautified with well built Brick Houses and here are kept the Courts of Judicature and Offices of publick concern for the Countrey Next to James Town may be reckoned Elizabeth a well built Town seated on the mouth of a River so called Also Dales-gift Wicocomoco Bermuda and others The Governour of this Country is sent over by his Majesty and the Country is governed by Laws agreeable with those of England and for the better observing the same the Country possessed by the English is divided into the Counties of Caroluck Charles Glocester Hartford Henrico James New Kent It s division into Counties Lancaster Middlesex Nansemund Lower Norfolk Northampton Northumberland Rapalianock Surrey Warwick Westmorland the Isle of Wight and York and in each of these Counties are held petty Courts every Month from which there may be Appeals to the Quarter Court at James Town As to the Natives which here Inhabite they are much of the nature of those already treated of so I shall omit them here Only say that it is the Habitation of divers sorts of Indians which have no dependance upon each other being of particular Tribes and having their peculiar King to govern them every Indian Town being the habitation of a King and these people do rather live at enmity than amity together It s scituation bounds CAROLINA a Colony not long since established by the English and is that part of Florida adjoyning to Virginia in the Latitude of 36 degrees and extendeth it self to that of 29 which makes it extream Southern bounds on the East it is washed with the Atlantick Ocean and on the West it hath that large tract of Land which runneth into the Pacifick Ocean It is a Country blest with a wholsom and temperate Air the heat in Summer nor the cold in Winter which is so much as to check the growth of Plants Trees c. the several fruits and plants having their distinct seasons being no waies troublesome to its Inhabitants but very agreeable to the English and being found thus healthful hath occasioned several persons to remove from the Bermudes to settle here who dwelling in so pure an Air durst not venture in any other Country Nor do those from the Bermudes only remove hither but from most of the American Plantations as well as from England it being esteemed by all one of the best Colonies that ever the English were Masters of for here is altogether Health Pleasure and Profit centered together which cannot be met with in so large a measure in any other part of the Indies This Country has first Inhabited by the English about the year 1660 and became a Proprietorship which his present Majesty King Charles the Second The Proprietors granted by Patent to the Right Noble George Duke of Albemarle the Right Honourable Edward Earl of Clarendon William Earl of Craven Anthony Earl of Shaftsbury John Lord Berkley Sir George Cartwright Sir Jo. Colleton and Sir William Berkley and to their Heirs and Successors and the said Lords Proprietors having by their Patent power to Establish a Government and make Laws for the better regulation thereof and the inviting of Inhabitants have formed a Model so well framed for the good and welfare of the Inhabitants that it is esteemed by all judicious persons without compare The Natives of Carolina according to the observation of one Ledener who made three several journeys from Virginia to Carolina about the Year 1670 for a discovery of those parts The Native Inhabitants and the nature and disposition of the Inhabitants are said to be of a ready wit and good understanding they instruct their Children in such things as relate to their Families and Country which is so preserved from Generation to Generation They worship one God as Creator of all things to whom their High Priest offers Sacrifice but believes he hath something else to do than to regard Humane affairs committing them to lesser Deities viz. to good and evil Spirits to whom their inferiour Priests make their devotion and Sacrifice They believe the transmigration of the soul and when any one dieth they interr with them provisions and Housholdstuff for the next World which they fancy to be beyond the Mountains and Indian Ocean In their Marriages they are very Superstitious for the generality they are of a good and honest meaning much addicted to mirth and dancing and above all are much prone to Honour and Valour which they place above all other vertues They are great favourers of the English living together in love and friendship and upon all occasions ready to contribute their assistance unto them The Country is by them divided into several Kingdoms and the people in the one keep no correspondence with those that border upon them often waging War against one another The Soil is rich and fertile and produceth excellent Fruits as Apricocks Peaches Grapes of which the English have made good Wine Olives of which good Oyl is made Wallnuts Apples Pears Plumbs Its Fruits Cherries Figgs Mulberries Strawberries Water-Mellons Marachocks Quinces and other Fruits known to us in Europe which for goodness are no wales inferiour to them and in the Southern part Oranges Limes Pomegranates and Pomecitrons and the earth is generally very apt to produce and bring to maturity Corn all sorts of Garden Herbs Roots c. Commodities The Commodities which this Country doth and may produce are Wines Oyls Silk Mulberry-trees growing wildly Cotton Indico Ginger Tobacco Masts for Shipping which for length streightness and bigness are the best in the World c. And it is believed that here may be made more Wines Oyls and Silk than England will vent Besides the Mulberry-trees here are Cedar Oak both white and red Its Trees Poplar Bay Ash Pine with divers others whose names are not yet known The Woods are well stored with Pheasants large Turkeys Partridges Fowls Turtle-Doves Pigeons great variety and plenty of small Birds also Deer Hares Conies c. The Country is well watered with Rivers which with the Sea sufficiently furnish the Inhabitants with excellent Fish and such common in Virginia here are great plenty of wild Fowl as Geese Cranes Herons Swans Curlews Heath Cocks Oxeys Brants Dotterels Widgeons Teal Duck and Mallard in an undestroyable quantity Here are at present two considerable Settlements viz. at Albemarle River in the North and at Ashley River in the middle of the Country which is likely to be the scale of Trade for the whole Country as being very commodiously seated for Shipping and in a healthful place In all these parts which we have passed under the name of CANADA the the people are very barbarous having neither Religion nor Learning Divers people have diversity of Languages they count their years by the course of the Sun their months by that of the Moon their
COSMOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY In Two Parts THE FIRST Containing the General and Absolute Part of COSMOGRAPHY and GEOGRAPHY BEING A TRANSLATION From that Eminent and much Esteemed GEOGRAPHER VARENIVS Wherein are at large handled All such Arts as are necessary to be understood for the true knowledge thereof To which is added the much wanted Schemes omitted by the Author THE SECOND PART Being a Geographical Description of all the WORLD Taken from the Notes and Works of the Famous Monsieur SANSON Late GEOGRAPHER to the French King To which are added About an Hundred Cosmographical Geographical and Hydrographical TABLES of several Kingdoms and Isles in the World with their Chief Cities Seaports Bays c. drawn from the MAPS of the said SANSON Illustrated with MAPS LONDON Printed by S. Roycroft for Richard Blome MDCLXXXII To the Right Noble CHRISTOPHER DUKE OF ALBEMARLE Earl of Torrington Baron Monk of Potheridge Beauchamp and Teys Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter Lord Lieutenant of Devonshire and Essex Captain of His MAJESTIES Life Guards and Guards of Horse One of the Gentlemen of His Bed Chamber and One of His Most Honurable Privy-Council MY LORD WHEN I consider You are the Duke of ALBEMARLE the very Title is so Great that it puts a damp on my Quill and disables me from making any sufficient Apology for this presumptuous Dedication But on the other hand when I consider that You are Heir to Your now Glorious Fathers Vertues as well as to his Titles and Dignities and that his Goodness and Humility are entailed on You his only Son I cannot want a Motive to this Ambition My Lord This Volume is a Cosmographical and Geographical Description of the WORLD in which Your Name is great and precious and although in it self is excellent yet being Countenanced by Your Protection will admit of no Equals This being granted by Your Grace's Favour I have no more to beg but that Your Fathers Magnanimity Valour Grandure and Heroick Actions may be so deeply imprinted on You that these Kingdoms may not only love and admire You but that Your Name and Memory may be precious to future Ages which is the Prayer of MY LORD Your Graces most Obedient Servant RICHARD BLOME THE Preface to the Reader AMongst all those Arts or Sciences which Man ought to have a Knowledge of the Description of the Earth and Heavens which is termed COSMOGRAPHY and GEOGRAPHY for the Vtility and Dignity thence arising ought not to have the least estimate the Soul being naturally inclined to the exploration of COSMOGRAPHY and GEOGRAPHY as a necessary inherent in it which seems evident in that Men of undoubted Judgments out of a singular desire to propagate this Study and sparing no Cost or Labour have travelled over the greatest part of the Universe Vnto this we add That seeing the Earth was created by God to be the habitation of Man if by brevity of Life and Humane imbecility we cannot so well Travel with the Body yet at least-wise we would visit behold and contemplate it in our Minds for its beauty admirable elegancy and the Honour of the Creator There are many other Forceable Arguments by which it appears all Men are generally inclined to the knowledge thereof As the Commodities of every Nation are peculiar to it self so that according to Divine Providence one Nation cannot well subsist without the help of another to which end they are transported by way of Exchange and Traffick unto other Countries But to shew the use of it in all Arts and Sciences there being none but receive some light and assistance from COSMOGRAPHY and GEOGRAPHY To this the immortal Stagyrite and Divine Plato flieth as a refuge when a numberless multitude and variety of Natures secrets in Lands disjoyned and the profound Ocean sometimes nonpluseth or staggers their Capacities The Moral PHILOSOPHER is a Non-essence being unskilled herein for how can he search into or inform himself of the Genius Natures Inclinations or Studies of Men and what is most proper for every distinct Nation or People being his adequate subject without this Chart to stear by The PHYSITIAN is necessitated to have a great insight in this Noble Study both for observing the Drugs and Medicaments transported from Foreign Parts c. judging their Natures and Effects from the several Climates c. but especially for the variety of Bodies or Constitutions which are habituated according to the Climate and Soil of the Country Take this away from the MARTIALIST his Stratagems fail and his whole Knowledge is in a feeble condition The MERCHANT and NAVIGATOR are compelled unto an insight herein for the knowing the Scituation and Climate of Countries their Circumferences the Latitude and Longitude of Places the Currents of Rivers what Commodities each Region aboundeth in and what they are deficient of and the Manners Customs and Dispositions of the Inhabitants Without COSMOGRAPHY and GEOGRAPHY all History is a thing of little use the affinity of them both being such that they seem to center both in one And to come more home to the matter the History of the Scythians Indians Aethiopians and Americans are only expressed unto us by Geographers Farther Historiographers make use of Geographical Descriptions for the better and more full illustration of their History And lastly in reference unto POLICY or Management of State no Wars Societies or Leagues can be well made with a Foreign State or Kingdom except there be first a perfect knowledge of the Nature Disposition Manners Customs Strength c. of the Nation or Pâ—â—ple with which such a Combination or League c. is to be made and established Henry King of Castile though much weakned by Sickness yet neglected not to send frequent Embassadors into Asia that he might have a continual information of the Manners and Strength of those Provinces And the same was done by Moses before his setting foot into Palestine Now Nature which exhibiteth and discovereth her elegancy and force in the production of variety of things hath not only diversly distinguished the Faces and Physiognomy but also the Souls and Minds of Men The Modes Genius's Customs and Natures of Nations being vastly different unto this very end she hath variously disposed the causes themselves GEOGRAPHERS have divided the World into Climates and every Climate is distinctly subject to the Dominion of some Planet as the chief cause of this Diversity where observe that the first Climate which extendeth through the Meroë an Isle made so by the River Nilus is subject to Saturn Those under the second Climate is attributed to Jupiter and passeth through Siene a City in Aegypt Those inhabiting under the third is subject to Mars and extendeth through Alexandria Those under the fourth is appropriated to the Sun and stretcheth through Rhodes and the middle of Greece Those under the fifth which passeth through Rome and divideth Italy from Savoy is attributed to Venus Those under the sixth where Mercury is predominate passeth through France And
Kexholm or Barelogorod INGRIA which is not subdivided into Provinces Notteburg or Orescu Juanogorod Caporia Jamagorod LIVONIA in part as The rest belongeth to the Crown of POLAND ESTEN or ESTONIE where are the parts of Esten Febin Vickeland Pernajo Habsel Harneland Revel Wireland Wiesenburg Tolsburg Alantack Nerva Nyslot Jervenland Wittenstein Kikeland Derpt LETTEN with its parts and places as they lie Towards the West Riga Segenwold Wenden Walmer Towards the South Koekenhaus Creutzburg Dunburg Towards the East Maryenburg SCANDINAVIA Wherein are the ESTATES of DENMARK AND SWEDEN The extent bounds c. of Scandinavia SCANDIA or SCANDINAVIA is only a Peninsula which extends it self from the 56th degree of Latitude unto or beyond the 71 which are near 400 Leagues from North to South and from the 26th degree of Longitude unto the 45th on the Baltick Sea and on the Ocean unto the 53 but this Mass of Land cannot have in its greatest breath above 150 Leagues finishing in two points towards South and North. It s scituation c. It is bounded on the North and West by the Northern Ocean and on the South and East by the Baltick Sea a continual Chain of Mountains dividing it into two almost equal parts of which one is on the Baltick Sea and the other on the Ocean this possessed by the King of Denmark the other by the King of Sweden DENMARK Its Commodities THe Estates of DENMARK contain two Kingdoms to wit DENMARK and NORWAY Denmark is between the Ocean and the Baltick Sea composed of a Peninsula contiguous to Germany and of a Coast contiguous to Sweden and of divers Isles which are between the Peninsula and Coast some likewise in the middle of the Baltick Sea and near Livonia It is scituate partly in the Northern Temperate Zone and partly within the Artick Circle extending from the 55th degree of Longitude or the middle Parallel of the 10th Clime where it joyneth to Germany as far as 71 degrees where it is bounded by the Frozen Ocean the longest day in the most Southern parts being 17 ¼ hours but in the most Northern parts they have no Night for almost three Months whereas on the other side when the Sun is in the other Tropick and most remote from them they have no Day for the like time This Country is very cold and consequently not over fertil nor affording good Fruits The Commodities that this Kingdom affords are Fish Hides Tallow Furniture for Shipping as Pitch Tar Cordage Masts c. also Firr Boards Wainscot several sorts of Armour c. VIRTUTE NON VI To the Rt. honble 〈…〉 Lord 〈…〉 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 Dâ—â—â—â—â— Earl of 〈◊〉 and L d of his Maitys most Honourable privy Councell c 1678 of 〈…〉 younger son of one of the Danish Kings that came into England with William the Conquerour This Mapp is Humbly dedicated by R B â—â—PP OF THE KINGDOME OF DENNMARKE WITH ITS SEVERALL DIOECESES OR PROVINCES DESIGNED BY MONSIEUR SANSON GEO Its Inhabitants The Inhabitants for the most part are of a good statute and complexion very healthful ingenious and of a ready wit very punctual in performing their Promises proud and high conceited of their own worth lovers of Learning as may appear by those Famous men it hath bred viz. Tycho Brahe the great Mathematician John Cluverus the renowned Philosopher and Physitian Godfrey Gottricus that stout Warriour who not only setled the Government of this Kingdom but also shook the Realm of France likewise Waldemare Christiern the Second and Fourth Canutus and Sueno which two last were the Conquerors of England They are great punishers of Offenders especially Theft and Piracy their Women are of a comly grace very fair and as fruitful in Children discreet and sober The Peninsula called JVITLAND once Cimbrica Chersonesus Juitland from the Cimbrians its ancient Inhabitants it is divided into North and South Juitland North JVITLAND is severed into the Bishopricks of Ripen Arthusen Albourg and Wibourg Diocess of Ripen RIPEN contains 30 Prefectures or Herets as they term them 7 Cities or walled Towns and 10 Castles It s chief places are 1. Ripen seated near the German Ocean the chief place of the Diocess and dignified with an Episcopal See 2. Kolding seated on a Creek of the Baltick Sea 3. Wee l 4. Warde c. Diocess of Arthusen ARTHVSEN containeth 31 Prefecture 7 Cities or walled Towns and 5 Castles It s chief places are 1. Arthusen seated on the Baltick Sea having a commodious and well frequented Port and dignified with an Episcopal See 2. Kalla a strong place seated in a large Bay reaching two Dutch miles to the high Hill of Elemanberg opposite to which lie the Isles of Hilgones Tuen Samsoe Hiarneo and Hiolm c. 3. Horsens 4. Randersen 5. Ebelto and 6. Hobro Diocess of Albourg ALBOVRG which is divided into four parts viz. Thyland whose chief Town is Albourg seated on the Bay of Limford which opening into the Baltick Sea extendeth it self through the main Land almost to the German Ocean 2. Hanebert on the North-west of Limford Bay containeth 4 Prefectures and hath for its chief place Thystad 3. Morsee lying on the Ocean contains 3 Prefectures the Isle of Ageroe the Town of Nicopin and the Castle of Lunstead and 4. Vensyssel according to Mercator Vandalorum sedes or the Seat of the Vandals contains 6 Prefectures 3 Towns and 1 Castle viz. Selby Cagen and Hirring Diocess of Wibourg WIBOVRG contains 16 Prefectures the Isles of Egholm Hansholm Bodum Idgen Cisland and Ostholm also it hath 3 Castles and as many Cities or walled Towns viz. 1. Wibourg dignified with an Episcopal See and the Courts of Judicature for both the Juitlands The point of Scagen or Scean ends this Peninsula towards the North. 2. Lemwick and 3. Holcker South JVITLAND is divided into the Dukedoms of Sleswick and Holstein SLESWICK a Country for the most part level Sleswick enriched with fertil Fields both for Corn and Pasturage it is very well provided with good Bays on the Baltick which are found commodious for Merchants The chief places in this Dukedom are 1. Sleswick seated on the Slea which falls into the Baltick where it hath a commodious and well frequented Haven it is a fair Town the chief of the Dukedom and honoured with an Episcopal See 2. Hussen seated on the German Ocean 3. Sternberg the ordinary residence of the Governour for the King of Denmark 4. Hadersleben seated on a navigable In-let of the Baltick and fortified with a strong and fair Castle 5. Flensborg seated on the Baltick amongst high Mountains having a Port so commodious and deep that Ships do lade and unlade close to their Houses and 6. Gottrop where there is a strong Fort belonging to the Duke of Sleswick seated at the end of a large Bay of the Baltick of note for the Custom-house or Tole-booth there erected for Cattle sent out of these parts into Germany
the Helm of State have precedency as the Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper Lord President of his Majesties Council Lord Privy Seal Lord high Chamberlain the Earl Marshal the Lord Chamberlain the Master of the Horse c. Precedency may be thus observed the King who is the fountain of Honour the Prince of England who is eldest Son to the King and is born Duke of Cornwal and about the age of 17 years is usually created Prince of Wales Princes of the Blood Royal who are the Sons Brothers Uncles and Nephews of the King The Archbishop of Canterbury the Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper the Archbishop of York Lord Treasurer of England Lord President of the Privy Council Lord Privy Seal Dukes Marquesses Dukes eldest Sons Earls Marquesses eldest Sons Dukes younger Sons Viscounts Earls eldest Sons Marquesses younger Sons Bishops Barons Viscounts eldest Sons Earls younger Sons Barons eldest Sons Privy Counsellors that are not Noblemen Judges Viscounts younger Sons Barons younger Sons Knights of the Garter if not otherwise dignified as is rarely found Knights Bannerets Baronets Knights of the Bath Knights Batchelors Colonels Sergeants at Law Masters of Chancery and Doctors and Esquires and those may be comprehended under five several heads 1. Esquires unto the Kings Body 2. the descendants by the Male-line from a Peer of the Realm 3. the eldest Sons of Knights of the Garter Baronets Knights of the Bath and Knights Batchelors 4. the two Esquires attending on the Knights of the Bath at their Knighting and 5. Officiary Esquires as Justices of the Peace Barresters at Law Lieutenant Colonels Majors and Captains and lastly Gentlemen At a Marshal Court held at White-Hall the 18th of March An. Dom. 1615. it was declared and concluded on that there are two degrees that establish and settle the Title of an Esquire by birth the one the younger Sons of Peers of the Realm which do invest into the Heirs-males descended from them the Name and Title of Esquires the other the lineal Heir-male of a Knights House and these may justly assume and challenge the Title of Esquire by birth so that in all reason the younger Sons of Peers are more worthy than Knights so the setling of a Title proceeding from them is more worthy and eminent than that derived from Knights The Dominions of England The Dominions of the King of England are very large for besides that of England Scotland and Ireland there are divers small Isles scituate nigh unto them and do belong to one or the other as the Isles of ORKNEY or ORCADES in number 32 seated against the North-cape of Scotland The Isles of SHETLAND also under the Scotish Dominions the HEBRIDES in number 44 seated Westwards of Scotland the SORLINGS seated in the Westrn-cape of Cornwall the SPORADES being several Isles dispersed about the British Seas amongst which these following are the chief MAN scituate between England Scotland and Ireland JERSEY and GARNSEY on the French Coast WIGHT part of Hantshire PORTLAND part of Dorsetshire STEEPHOLMS and FLATHOM in Somerfetshire AIBBRE in Cheshire DENNY in Monmouthshire CODLEY in Pembrokeshire ANGLESEY which is one of the Welsh Counties SHEPPEY in Kent NORTHEY OSEY and HORSEY in Essex FERNE COCKET and HOLY Isle in Northumberland with several other small Isles not worth the naming as indeed many of these are Then in Africa as TANGIER GVINEY c. In the East Indies several places though belonging to the East India Company of London and in America large Dominions as NEW ENGLAND NEW YORK MARYLAND VIRGINIA CAROLINA all which are on the Continent also divers Isles some of which are very considerable as JAMAICA BARBADOS BERMVDOS ANTEGO NEW FOVNDLAND c. all which shall be treated of as they come in order but first of the English Counties County of Barkshire described BARKSHIRE well clothed with Wood and watered with Rivers is blest with a sweet Air hath a rich Soil fit both for Corn and Pasturage especially in the Vale of Whitehorse and generally the whole County for profit and pleasure yieldeth to few Shires in England The principal Commodity that this Shire produceth is Cloth which finds great vent and amongst the Rivers that water the County the Isis the Oke and the Kenet which affords excellent Trouts are the chief It is severed into 20 Hundreds in which are 140 Parishes and hath 12 Market Towns Reading Reading pleasantly seated near the Thames and on the Kenet which is navigable for Barges to London which adds much to its Trade which is considerable especially for Cloth and Mault 't is a large Town containing three Parish Churches is beautified with well built Houses hath fair Streets is well inhabited and hath a very considerable Market for Grains Malt Hops and most Country commodities on Saturdays 'T is a Town Corporate governed by a Major 12 Aldermen and as many Burgesses with sub-Officers enjoyeth several Immunities and sendeth Burgesses to Parliament 'T was formerly beautified with a fair and rich Monastery and a strong Castle built by King Henry the First where in the Collegiate Church of the Abby himself and Queen with Maud their Daughter were interr'd both which now lie in their ruins New Windsor Windsor pleasantly seated near the banks of the Thames and adjoyning to a Park and Forest well stored with Game 't is a fair large well frequented and inhabited Town Corporate governed by a Major and other sub-Officers sendeth Burgesses to Parliament and hath a very good Market for Provisions on Saturdays This Town is of great note for its stately Castle and Royal Palace of his Majesty seated on a great eminency wherein is a Chappel for Devotion a Colledge for Learning and an Alms-house for decayed Gentlemen called the poor Knights of Windsor and famous is this Castle not only for giving birth to so many of our Kings and Princes but for being the place where the ceremony of the Knights of the Garter is solemnized on St. Georges day Nigh unto New Windsor is Old Windsor a Town of greater antiquity though not of so much splendor Newbury Newbury well seated on the Kennet and in a Champain Plain a large well inhabited and frequented Town Corporate governed by a Major Aldermen and Burgesses beautified with a spacious Market-place and well built Market-house sufficiently served with Corn Flesh Fish and Fowl on Thursdays This Town had its rise out of the ancient Spinae now a small Village near adjoyning and called Speenhamland and is of note for its Jack of Newbury who got so great an estate by Clothing which this Town at present is very considerable for Wallingford Wallingford a Town of great antiquity and in times past very strong and large containing four Parish Churches within its Walls which took up a mile in circuit 'T is at present a large Town Corporate governed by a Major Aldermen and sub-Officers enjoyeth large Immunities and sendeth Burgesses to Parliament 'T is commodiously seated on the banks of the Thames over which
Fowl called the Soland-Geese which in many places are taken in very great plenty and are sound very profitable to the Inhabitants not only for their Flesh to eat but for their Feathers and Oil. Their chief Commodities are Course Cloths Freezes Lead-Oar Feathers Sea-Coal Alum Iron Salt Salt-Peter Linnen-Cloth Train-Oil Hops Wood Alablaster some Hides and Tallow c. To the R t Noble Iames Duke of Monmouth Buckleuch Earle of Doncaster Dalkeith Baron of Kendale Miâ—ekeâ—â— Ashdale Kt. of the Garter one of his Majs most honble prvy Councell This Mapp is most humbly dedicatâ—â— by Ric Blome A MAPP of the Kingdome of SCOTLAND By Ric Blome by His Majys comand Its Inhabitants The Inhabitants especially those Southernly are of a good feature strong of body very hardy couragious and fit for Martial affairs and their Nobility and Gentry which are of several degrees as Dukes Marquesses Earls Viscounts Barons Knights Esquires and Gentlemen are generally very ingenuous and accomplished men in all civil knowledge Nobility and Gentry of Scotland Their Sessions of Parliament This Kingdom like unto England consisteth of a King Nobility Gentry and Commons and these with the Lords Spiritual assemble together in Parliament as often as they are called together by Writ from the King And by reason of his Majesties residence in England so that he is not here at their Sessions of Parliament he constituteth and sendeth one to act as his Vice-Roy who is commonly called Lord Commissioner and such at present is the Right Noble John Duke of Lotherdale c. Things worthy of note Amongst the things worthy of note in this Kingdom for Antiquity famous was that Fortification drawn from Abercorne upon Edenborough Frith unto Alcluyd now called Dunbritton opening upon the West Sea where as Speed noteth Julius Agricola set the limits of the Roman Empire past which according to Tacitus there were no other bounds of Britain to be sought for And here the second Legion of Augusta and the twentieth of Victrix built a part of the Wall as also an ancient coped Monument of an high and round compass which according to the opinions of some was a Temple consecrated to the God Terminus but others there be that will have it to be a Trophy raised by Carausius who fortified this Wall with seven Castles Caledonian Wood. Here began that Wood Caledonia which name Tacitus attributeth to all that Tract of ground which lieth Northward beyond Grahames Dike or the Wall of Antonius Pius which Ptolomy divideth into several Nations as the Caledonii Vacomagi Epidii c. who are all known to the Romans by the general name of the Picts from their painting themselves This Wood or Forrest was very spacious and over-shadowed with Thickets and tall over-spreading Trees which rendred it impassable and was divided by Grampe-Hill now calâ—ed Grantzbain that is the crooked bending Mountain Solinus is of opinion that Vlysses was in Caledonia and to confirm his belief therein he saith there was a Votive Altar with an Inscription in Greek Letters Plutarch â—aith that Bears were brought out of Britain to Rome but for more truth 〈◊〉 may be said that here were bred the wild white Bulls a Beast of nature â—erce and cruel whose thick and curled manes resembled the Lions In the â—ays of Severus Argetecox a petty Prince reigned over this Tract of Ground â—hose Wife being reproachfully called by Julia the Empress an Adulteress â—oldly made this Answer We British Dames have to do with the best of men Cámbden p. 32. â—â—t you Roman Ladies secretly commit the same with every base and lewd Companion Two famous Loughs In this Kingdom are two famous Loughs Nessa and Lomund the former never Friezeth though in the extreamest cold weather and the waters of the â—atter most raging in the calmest and fairest weather and herein is an Island that the Wind forceth or moveth to and fro In the Rivers Dee and Done besides the great abundance of Salmons is taken a Shell-fish called the Horse-muskle wherein Pearls are engendred which are very good in many Physical Medicines and some of them not much inferiour to the Oriental Pearl Courts of Judicature Court of Parliament As to their Courts of Judicature they are peculiar to themselves and are several The chief amongst which is the High Court of Parliament consisting of Lords and Commons hath the same Authority as that of England and is also summoned by Writ from his Majesty at his pleasure as occasion requireth Colledge of Justice The second Court is the Sessions or Colledge of Justice consisting of a President 14 Senators 7 of the Clergy and as many of the Laity unto whom was afterwards adjoyned the Chancellor who is the chief and 5 other Senators besides 3 principal Scribes or Clerks and as many Advocates as the Senators see convenient And this was thus constituted by King James the Fifth in Anno 1532 after the form of the Parliament at Paris These sit and administer Justice with equity and reason and not according to the rigour of the Law every day except Sundays and Mondays from the first of Novemb. to the 15 of March and from Trinity Sunday to the first Calends of August and all the time between as being either Seed-time or Harvest is vacation They give judgment according to the Parliament Statutes and Municipal Laws and where they are defective they have recourse to the Imperial Civil Law Other Courts There are likewise in every Shire or County inferiour Civil Judicatories or Courts kept wherein the Sheriff of the Shire or his Deputy decideth the Controversies and Law-suits of the Inhabitants from which there are oft-times Appeals to the Sessions or Colledge of Justice And these Sheriffs are for the most part Hereditary Besides these Courts there are other Judicatories which they call Commissariots the highest whereof is kept at Edenburgh and these have to do with Ecclesiastical affairs as Wills and Testaments Divorcements Tithes c. In criminal Causes the Kings Chief Justice holdeth his Court at Edenburgh Likewise the Sheriffs in their Territories and the Magistrates in some Boroughs may sit in Judgment of Manslaughter in case the Manslayer be taken within 24 hours after the fact committed and being found guilty by a Jury may be put to death but if the said limited time is past the matter is referred and put over to the Kings Justice or his Deputies There are also Civil Courts in every Regality holden by their Bailiffs Ecclesiastical Government This Kingdom as to Ecclesiastical Government is divided into two Archbishopricks viz. of St. Andrews the Primate of Scotland and of Glasco and under these are several Suffragan-Bishops viz. under him of St. Andrews those of Dunkeld Aberdon Murray Dunblan Berohiu Ross Cathanes and Orkney And under him of Glasco those of Galloway Argile or Lismore and the Isles Ancient Inhabitants of Scotland The ancient People of this Kingdom were 1.
themselves in the Sea which serveth for its Eastern bounds It is interlaced with Hills and Forests and garnished with divers Forts and Castles It s chief places are Dundee Dundee seated on the Mouth of the River Tay a noted and well resorted Town for Trade by reason of its commodious Port for Ships Brechin Brechin scituate on the River South-Eske near its fall into the Sea and dignified by King David the First with an Episcopal See Nigh unto this Town is Red-head a place not unknown to Seamen Montross Montross of old Celurca of some account for being honoured with the Title of an Earldom Arbroth seated near the Sea a Town endowed with large Revenues Arbroth and by King William dedicated to a Religious use in honour of Thomas of Canterbury MERNIS Very fertil or MERNIA a small but plain and fertil Champaâ—â—â— Country which shooteth it self forth on the German Ocean It s chief placâ— are Dunnotyr Dunnotyr defended by a strong Castle seated on an high and inaccessibâ—â— Rock near the Sea Fordon Fordon seated also not far from the Sea BVQVIHAN washed with the Sea whose Waves did here cast up mighty Mass of Amber of an inestimable value it hath good Pastures most to feed Sheep whose Wool is excellent and its Rivers breed store of Salmon which are had at such easie rates that it is scarce worth the trouble of takiâ— them It s chief places are Rotheniay and Stanes Adjoyning to this Country lieth Boena and Bamff a small Sheriffdom alâ— Ajuza a little Territory of no great note MARR Marr. a long and narrow County somewhat inclined to Mountains bâ— well watered with the Done or Dee well stored with Salmons and other Fisâ— Its chief places are Aberdene Aberdene feated on the Sea-shoar at the Mouth of the Done dignified wiâ—â— an Episcopal See hath an Hospital also a Free-Grammar-School and is of no for taking of Salmons Kildrumy and Kildrumy MVRRAY Murray a pleasant and fertil County and the rather as watered wiâ—â— the Spey Findorne and the River and Lake Nessa which reacheth aboâ—â—â— 23 miles in length the water whereof is observed to be so warm that it nevâ— is sound to freez and this Lake is its Northern limits as the Spey is its Easterr all which empty themselves in the Sea where it formeth a Bay Its chiâ—â— places are Innernes Innernes Bean-Castle which Ptolomy thinks to be Banatia and here Anno 1460. a Marble-Vessel artificially engraven full of Roman Coins wâ— found Narden Narden or Narne an hereditary Sheriffdom and here stood within a bâ— land a strong Fortress of a great height which was kept by the Danes agaiâ— the Scots Innernes Innerlothea and Innerlothea in former times two eminent Fortifications Alâ— Elgin and Rothes Elgin Rothes places honoured with the Titles of Earldoms LOQVABREA a County well stored with Rivers and Lakes whicâ— empty themselves into the Sea it hath also good Pastures yet is it very Mouâ—â—tainous and well clothed with Wood and in the bowels of the Earth are Minâ— of Iron Iron-Mines It s chief place is Innerlothey Innerlothey once of good account being well frequented and traded unto but through the Pyracies and Wars of the Danes and Norwegians who razâ— it it hath now scarce any Remain left ROSS It s sertility a large Mountainous and Woody County which reacheth froâ— one Sea to the other hath great plenty of Stags Deer Wild-fowl and Fisâ— Its chief places are Cromarty Cromarty or the Haven of Safety as having so secure and capacious an Haâ—â— bour for Ships Ness-mouth Lovet Ness-mouth and Lovet In this County is the Territory of Ardmanoch Ardmanoch very Mountainous froâ— which the second Sons of the Kings of Scotland bear their Title SVTHERLAND regarding the Sea is well watered with Rivers bâ— sides the large Lough or Lake Shyn almost in the midst of the Country Weâ—â—â— wards of which are great store of Hills from which is dug excellent whiâ—â— Marble very good for curious Works It is a Country more fit for breediâ— of Cattle Dunrobin Dorne than for Tillage and hath for its chief places Dunrobin anâ— Dorno Very cold and barren STRATHNAVERNE a County far engaged Northwards whicâ— with Cathanes have the utmost Northern Coast of all Britain which must oâ— casion it to be of a very cold temperature it is very much inclined to sterility Strabubaster Tounge is Mountainous and but ill inhabited It s chief places are Strabubaster anâ— Tounge A MAPP of the Kingdome of IRELAND by Ric Blome by his Matys Com To the R t honble Ric Boyle Earle of Burlington â—â—ron Cliford of Lansborro in England Earle of Corke Viscount Dungaruen 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lord High Treasurer of Ireland c. And to the Rt. honble Roger Boyle Earle of Orrery Baron 〈◊〉 Broghill in Ireland and of his Ma js most honble privy Councell c This Mapp is humbly Dediâ—â—â—â—◠〈◊〉 the R t honble Sr. Rob Kilrâ—â—ray of Terry Bâ—â—on in England Kt. Bart 〈◊〉 of Londonderry Baron of Crallon 〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉 County in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. his estate in Ireland being called Medinshill This Mapp 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 is DD by Ric Bloâ—◠〈◊〉 the R t honble Earle of Arran Viscâ—â—llough Baron Butler of Clougrenan 〈◊〉 of his Maie s most honble privy Councell 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 This Mapp of the Province of 〈◊〉 is humble DD by Ric Blom◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 honble 〈◊〉 Baron of 〈…〉 Mai s Army of 〈…〉 his 〈◊〉 most honble 〈…〉 This Mapp of the Provence of 〈…〉 Humbly DD by Ric Blome CATHANES a County washed with the Eastern Ocean where it formeth several Creeks and is well watered with Rivers which afford good store of Fish from which and by the grasing and feeding of Cattle the Inhabitants get the greatest part of their livelyhood It s chief places are Dornock a mean place yet the See of a Bishop Dornock Catnes a Maritim Town dignified with an Earldom Catnes Nigh unto this Town Southwards is Ness-head and Northwards Dunesbe-head both Maritim places and Girnego Girnego Three Mountains In this Tract are three Promontories to wit Vrdehead of old Berubium Dunsby or Dunscanby of old Virvedrum and Howbum of old Orcas There are several Isles dispersed about this Kingdom of Scotland as the Orcades Shetland and Hebrides which may properly be said to belong thereunto but as to the description thereof they shall be treated of amongst the other small Isles belonging in general to great Britain after we have treated of the Kingdom of Ireland IRELAND It s scituation IRELAND environed on all sides by the Sea and next to Great Britain may claim priority of all others in Europe It is a Country generally of a fertil Soil and plentifully stored with Cattle Fowl and Fish Fertility but is Mountainous Woody Waterish and full of unprofitable Loughs or
It is a Country well provided of all things necessary for the sustenance of Man is severed into nine Baronies viz. Burrins Corcomroe Ibrickam Inchiquin Islands Clanderlagh Moyfertagh Bounraty and Tullogh And hath for its chief places Clare Clare seated on a Creek which floweth out of the Shannon Kylaloe Kylaloe seated on the Shannon near the Lough Derg dignified with an Episcopal See Kilsennerag Bunraty Kilsennerag and Bounraty not far from the Shannon a Town of some account County of Roscomon described ROSCOMON a long but narrow County of a very fertil Soil and breedeth store of Cattle but Northwards where the Curlew Mountains are it is inclined to sterility It is divided into seven Baronies viz. Roscomon Boyle Bealanioo East and West Ballintuber Athlone and Moycarne And hath for its chief places Roscomon Roscomon seated near the Lough Ree once a place of good account and strength Elphen Elphen honoured with the See of a Bishop Athlone Athlone scituate on the Lough Ree defended by a Castle and beautified with a fair Stone-Bridge And under the Curlew-Hills in former time was a famous Abby together with the Abby of Beatitude Country of Letrim described LETRIM a hilly County yet very fit for grasing of Cattle which are here in great abundance It is severed into five Baronies viz. Letrim Drumaheire Rosdogher Carrigallin and Moyhill And hath for its principal place Letrim Meukerk Letrim seated in a fertil Soil near the Lough Alyne and Meukerk MUNSTER Its Commoditles THis Province in Irish called Mown and in Latin Momonia is Mountainous Woody and of a different Soil but for the generality very fertil and abounding in Corn Cattle Fowl and Fish and the rather as being so well watered with Rivers and Bays which lose themselves in the Sea which almost encompasseth it except towards the East and North where it butteth upon the Provinces of Leimster and Connaugh which said Bays afford good Harbours for Shipping the chief amongst which being those of Bautre Mare Dingle and Sennon And along the Shoar are seated abundance of small Isles It is of a large extent Extent being from Waterford-Haven in the East to Feriter-Haven in the West about 100 miles and from Baltimore-Bay in the South to Galloway-Bay in the North about 90 and in circumference tracing its many Promontories and Indents above 500 miles And as to its Temporal Government it is at present severed into six Counties Counties Division viz. Limerick Tipperary or Holy-Cross Kerry Cork Desmond and Waterford all which are subdivided into several Baronies as shall be treated of as they come in order and first with Limerick County of Limerick described LIMERICK a fertil and well inhabited County is severed into eleven Baronies viz. Abbey-Outheney-boy Limerick-Liberty Clan-Williams Small-County Coshma Coshlea Killmalock Poblebria Kenry Cuonagh and Connelloe And hath for its chief places Limerick in Irish Loumeagh the chief City in the Province Limerick seated in an Isle so made by the River Shennon which after 60 miles course loseth it self in the Sea and by reason of its commodious scituation the River being Navigable to the very City makes it to be a place well inhabited and frequented is graced with good built Houses beautified with a Cathedral Church and a fair Stone-Bridge is honoured with the See of a Bishop and is strongly fortified with a Castle and begirt with a Wall Kill-Mallo a well inhabited Town which is also begirt with a Wall Killmallo Adare seated on the Shennon once a Town of good account And Clan-William Adare County of Tipperary or Holy-Cross described TIPPERARY or HOLY-CROSS more fertil in its Southern parts than elsewhere is divided into twelve Baronies viz. Slevardagh and Compsey Kilnemana Ikerin Iffa and Offa Iliogurty Middle-third Owney and Arra Clan-Williams Ileagh Kilnelougurty Vpper-Ormond and Lower-Ormond and hath for its principal places Cassile seated on the Showr and dignified with an Archiepiscopal See Cassile by Eugenius the Third Bishop of Rome Holy-Cross seated on the River Showr or Swire Holy-Cross once a place of good account and note for its famous Abby which was well frequented by Pilgrims and other devout persons who came to see and worship a piece as was generally supposed of the Holy-Cross from whence the Country adjoyning is generally called County of the Holy-Cross of Tipperary Emeley dignified with the See of a Bishop once a place of good account Emeley and well inhabited and frequented Clomel seated on the River Showr a well frequented Town Clomel Carick-Mac-Griffin Thurles and Tipperary Carick-Mac-Griffin scituate on a Rock Thurles and Tipperary The North part of this County which is very hilly and not over fertil beareth the name of Ormond and is honoured in giving Title to his Grace James Butler Duke Marquess and Earl of Ormond Earl of Brecknock and Ossery Viscount Thurles Baron of Arklow and Lanthony Lord Steward of his Majesties Houshold Knight of the Garter and one of the Lords of his Majesties most Honourable Privy Council c. County of Kerry described KERRY a County watered with the Sea where it thrusteth forth a largâ— Bay called Dingley-Bay and hath on its Shoar divers small Isles It is verâ— Mountainous and Woody but interlaced with fertil Valleys 'T is divided intâ— eight Baronies viz. Glaneroughty Iveragh Dunkerone Moygunnyhy Trughanackme Corkaguiny Iraghticonnor and Clanmorris And hath for its chieâ— place Dingle Dingle which hath a commodious Port on the other side of which is Smerwick-Sound a good Road for Ships Ardart Traley Ardart a place of mean account although the See of a Bishop and Traleâ— County of Desmond described DESMOND a Mountainous County and well washed with the Seâ— which thrusteth forth its Arms a good way into the Land and forms threâ— Promontories viz. first that of Eraugh lying between Baltimore and Banâ—râ— a Bay sufficiently well known for the great store of Herrings here taken Secondly that of Beare being enclosed between the Bays of Maire and Dinglâ— It hath for its chief places Donekyran Ardes Downbay Donekyran defended by a Castle Ardes and Downbay CORKE a large County lying on the Sea where it hath good Roads an Ports for Ships County of Corke described It is severed into fifteen Baronies viz. Duhallo Condonâ— aâ— Clangibon Orrery and Killmore Fermoy Imokillire Barrimore Corke Chursey Kinsale Barriroe Ibawne Beare and Bantry Musbery Carbury and Barets And hath for its chief places Corke Corke the chief City in the Province dignified with the See of a Biskoâ— commodiously seated on a Bay of the Sea where it hath a good Haven bâ— reason of which it is a place well inhabited and frequented by Merchants anâ— Tradesmen who drive a good Trade and is a place of some strength beinâ— begirted with a Wall besides a River over which it hath a Bridge Kinsale Kinsale seated at the
Mouth of the River Bany where it hath a good Porâ— and is a place well fortified Ross Ross seated on the Sea-shoar once of good account when it had a goâ—â— Road and Port which now is barred up Yoghall Yoghall fortified with a Wall and scituate on the River Broadwater at iâ— influx into the Sea where it hath a good Haven which makes it to be well iâ— habited and to enjoy some Trade County of Waterford described WATERFORD a pleasant and fertil County washed with the Sea 〈◊〉 divided into seven Baronies viz. Deeceis Gualtier Cashmore and Coshbridâ— Middle-third Vpper-third Glamhery and Waterford-Liberty And hatâ— for its cheif places Waterford Waterford by the Britains and Irish called Portblargy said to be built 〈◊〉 certain Pirates of Norway seated on the River Showr on which it hath 〈◊〉 commodious and capacious Port where about a 1000 Sail of Ships may safeâ—â— ride at Anchor It is a fair and well inhabited City enjoyeth a good Trade 〈◊〉 dignified with the See of a Bishop and is esteemed the second place of â—â—te iâ— the whole Kingdom Dungarvan Dungarvan a well fortified Town on the Sea-shoar where it hath a gooâ— Road for Ships which makes it to be of some account Ardmore Ardmore also seated on the Sea-shoar Lismore Lismore a place of some note Divers small Isles in the British Sea And thus much for the Description of Ireland besides which and Greaâ—-Britain there are a vast number of lesser Isles which may be comprehendeâ— under the denomination of the British Isles and may be considered under fouâ— sorts or heads viz. the Orcades the Hebrides the â—orâ—inges and the Isles oâ— Scilly with those of the Sporades And of these in order MAPP OF THE ISLES 〈◊〉 WIGHT IARSEY GARNSEY â—â—RKE MAN ORCADES â—â—D SHETLAND BY RIC Blome by his Matys Comand SHETLAND ISLE OF Mâ—â— To the R t honble Will Earlâ— of Derby L d Stanley and Strange of 〈…〉 〈…〉 L d Lieutenant 〈◊〉 County 〈◊〉 of Lancaster Chesir Admirall of the 〈…〉 Lord of Man 〈…〉 This Mapp of 〈…〉 humbly dedicated by Rich Blome .. â—â—â—E OF WIGHT To the Worshipfull Thomas Bucclugh of Swaynston Brixton in the Isle of Wight Esq Son heir to the Sr. Io Barington of Barrington hall in Essex Kt. and Bart. This Mapp of the Isle of Wight is Humbly dedicated by Ric Blome ORCADES â—ARSEY To the R t honble S. r George Carteret Kt Bar t 〈◊〉 Chamberlaine of his Majâ—â—s household one of his Matys most honble privy Councell c This Mapp of Jarsey is humbly dedicateâ— by Ric Blome GARNSEY To ye. Rt. Hon Christopher Haton Baron Hatton of Kirby Governour of the Isle of Garsey c. This Mapp of Garnsey is Humbly DD. by Ric Blome Isles of Orkney when first discovered and how subdued THe ORCADES or ISLES of ORKNEY are in number 32 and scituate against the Northern Cape of Scotland from which it is separated by a narrow Streight In Solinus his time they were uninhabited and overgrown with sledgy or rushy Weeds and at present they are not over-crowded with People as not being very commodious to dwell in being very cold destitute of Woods and unfit to bear Wheat so that instead of Bread-corn they make use of dried Stock-fish which they beat to powder And these Isles according to Tacitus are said to be first discovered by Julius Agricola when he sailed round Britain with his Fleet at which time he brought them under his subjection After that according to Ninnius Octha and Ebissus Saxons who served under the Britains sailed about the Picts Country with 40 Sail of Cyules that is Flyboats or roaving Pinnaces and sorely wasted these Isles Soon after this they fell into the hands of the Norwegians who kept the possession thereof until the Year 1266 at which time the Scots waging War with them Magnius the Fourth of that name then King of Norway was constrained to surrender them up again upon composition unto Alexander the Third King of the Scots which was afterwards confirmed by King Haquin And in Anno 1498 Christian the First King of Norway and Denmark upon the Marriage of his Daughter to James the Third King of the Scots renounced all his Right for himself and his Successors thereunto It s People And the People that inhabit these Isles as well in Language as Behaviour resemble much of the wild Irish and are called Redshanks a sort of People utterly rude and barbarous The chief of these Isles are as followeth POMONIA by Solinus called Pomona Diutina Pomonia and by the Inhabitants Mainland for that it is far larger than all the rest being about 26 miles in length and 6 in breadth an Isle well stored with Lead and Tin is indifferently inhabited and hath for its chief Town Kirke-wale a large Town dignified with an Episcopal See Kirkwale is fortified with two Castles and for Divine Worship hath 12 Churches one of which to wit its Cathedral is a fair Structure Hoy with other Isles HOY indifferent large having several Towns Souna Flotta South-Ranals Burra Siapins Eglis Roous Wester Papa Fana Heth or Eda Streoms Sand-Isle and North-Ranals with divers others of less note and not worth the naming Shetland Isles The ISLES of SHETLAND by some though falsly esteemed the Thule of the Ancients and by the Commentator upon Horace the Fortunate Island where according to the fabulous Opinion of Tzetzes the Souls of good men are Ferried over into those Elysiian Fields which are always clothed in their Summer-Livery but the mistake is very gross for on the contrary this Isle lying in the Latitude of 63 degrees is extreamly Cold and the greatest part of the Year pestered with Ice and Snow and the more as lying on every side open to the bitter Storms of the Northern Ocean Isle of Hebrides described The HEBRIDES HEBVDES or Western Isles as seated Westwards of Scotland are about 44 in number and for the generality are plentifully provided with Corn Woods Sheep Salmons Herrings and other Fish as also with Fowl Deer and Conies And for the People according to Solinus they are said to be uncivil ignorant of Religion Arts and Literature contenting themselves in a mean condition for Food Rayment or Habitation and all these Isles were anciently ruled by a King of their own which was not by succession but election and to that end their Kings were prohibited to marry but were permitted to enjoy other mens Wives which he fancied when and as long as he pleased And 't is said that in the other part of Scotland according to ancient Custom the Virginity of all New-married Wives were the Landlords due until such time that King Malcolme made a Law that half a Mark should be paid for redemption It seemeth Maiden-heads in these parts were then of no great value for a Mark Scotch is little above a Shilling English The
degree of Latitude which is 72 degrees of Latitude and makes about 1800 of our Leagues In this length and breadth we do not comprehend the Islands which belong to Asia which are as great as rich and possibly as numerous as all the rest of the Universe It s Scituation It s Scituation for the most part is between the Circular Tropick of Cancer and the Circle of the Artick Pole scarce extending it self beyond this but surpassing the other in divers of its Isles which it expands under the Equator so that almost all Asia is scituate in the Temperate Zone what it hath under the Torrid being either Peninsula's or Isles which the Waters and Sea may easily refresh Asia the richest of all the four Parts ASIA being the greatest the best and most temperate part of our Continent it must by consequence be the richest which not only appears in the goodness and excellencies of its Grains Vines Fruits Herbs c. but likewise in its great quantities of Gold Silver Precious Stones Spices Drugs and other Commodities and Rarities which it sends forth and communicates to other parts and particularly to Europe A Generall MAPP of ASIA Designed by MOUNSIE R SANSON Geographer to the FRENCH KING Rendred into English Ilustrated by RIC BLOME By his MAJtis Especial Command LONDON Printed for Ric Blome 1669 To The Rt. Noble Christopher Duke of Albemarle Earle of Torington Baron Monk of Potheridge Beauchamp and Teys Kt. of ye. most noble order of the Garter Lord Leivtenant of Devon-shire Ess ex Captaine of his Matys Guards of Horse one of the Gentlemen of his Bed-Chamber c one of the Lords of his most honble Privy Councell This Mapp is most humbly D.D. by R. B It s Name The Name of ASIA is derived diversly by sundry Authors but whether it took its name from a Virgin-Woman or a Philosopher whether from some City Country or Marish or from whatever it were most certain it is that that Name was first known to the Greeks on that Coast opposite to them towards the East afterwards it was given to that Region which extends to the Euphrates and which is called Asia Minor and was communicated to all the most Oriental Regions of our Continent Its Bounds Its Bounds are towards the North with the Northern frozen or Scythian Ocean to wit that which washes Tartary on the East and South with the Oriental or Indian Ocean the Parts of which are the Seas of China India and Arabia Towards the West Asia is separated from Africa by the Red-Sea from the Streight of Babel-Mandel unto the Isthmus of Suez and from Europe by the Archipelago by the Sea of Marmora and by the Black-Sea drawing a Line cross all these Seas and passing by the Streight of Galipoli or the Dardanelles by the Streight of Constantinople or Chanel of the Black-Sea by the Streight of Caffa or Vospero the Line continuing by the Sea of Zabaque and by the Rivers of Don or Tana of Volga and of Oby where they are joyned the nearest one to another It s division Asia may be divided into firm Land and Islands the firm Land comprehends the Kingdoms of Turkey in Asia Arahia Persia India China and Tartary We will follow this order and then end with the Isles TURKY in ASIA or that which the Grand Signior doth possess in whole or in part in ASIA wherein are several Regions Countries Isies c. may be considered as they lie Westernly and towards EUROPE as ANATOLIA or ASIA MINOR wherein are comprised several Provinces all which are at present by the Grand Signior included under four Beglerbeglies that is Lord Lieutenants to wit those of Anatolia particularly so called Smyrna Ephesus Pergama Troya Burfia Comana Chaloedoine Scutari Sinopi Castele Angouri Sardis Philadelphia Caramania Archalich Side Nigdia Tarsus Satalia Antiochia Tocat Amasia Tocat Trebisonde Caisaria Caraisar Marast Arsingan Sukas Aladuli Vardar Adana Maaraz Manbeg South-westernly as Divers ISLES as they lie in the ARCHIPELAGO MEDITERRANEAN and AEGEAN Seas the chief of which are Cyprus Nicosia Paphos Salamis Amathus Arsinoe Famagusta Rhodes Rhodes Metelin of old Lesbos Metelino Medina Samos Samo Tenedos Tenedos Scarpante Scarpante Lero Lero Negropont Colchis Coos Coos Lero Lero Pathmos Pathmos Scio or Chios Scio Icaria of old Icarus Nicaria Southernly and regarding Arabia and the Mediterranean Sea as SOURIA or SYRIA with its parts of Syria Propria Aleppo Aman Zeugma Antioch Samosat Hemz or Emsa Hierapolis Alexandretetts Phoenicia Tripoli Sayd or Sidon Tyre or Sor Damascus Acre Palestine formerly Judea Canaan or the Holy-Land Jerusalem Samaria Naplouse Gaza Joppa or Jussa Southernly and towards Arabia Deserta as ASSYRIA now DIARBECK with its parts of Chaldea or Babylonia now Yerack Bagded or Babylon Balsera Cousa Orchoe Sipparum Mesopotamia or the particular Diarbeck Orpha Caraemid Merdin Asanchif Carra Sumiscasack Virta Assyria now Arzerum Mosul of old Ninive Schiarazur Easternly and regarding Persia as TURCOMANIA with its parts of Turoomans Erzerum Cars Curdes Schildir Bitlis Georgiens Derbent Tiflis North-Easternly and towards the Caspian Sea as GEORGIA with its parts of Avogasia St. Sophia Mingrelie Phazza Savatopoli Gurgistaâ— Cori Bassachiuch Quiria Zitrach Stranu Chipicha Northernly and towards Moscovy as COMANIA Asof Maurolaco Serent â—VERSâ—â— SECVNDIS To the R t honble Heanage Earle of Winchelseâ— Vis t Maidstone Baron Fitz Herbert of Eastwell Lord of the Royall Mannour of Wye and Lord Leiutenant of Kent and 〈◊〉 This Mapp is humbly D. D by R. B A MAPP of THE ESTATES of the TURKISH EMPIRE in ASIA and EUROPE Designed by Mon sr Sanson Geographer to the French King Turky in Asia UNDER the name of TVRKY in ASIA we understand not all which the Great Turk possesses but only certain Regions which he alone possesses or if there be any Estates intermixed they are inconsiderable And in this Turky we shall find Anatolia which the Ancients called Asia Minor the greater Souria which the Ancients called Syria the Great Turcomania by the Ancients called Armenia the Great then Diarbeck which answers to Mesopotamia and to divers parts of Assyria and the Chaldea or Babylonia of the Ancients ANATOLIA is that great Peninsula which is washed on the North by the Black-Sea Mare Major or Euxine Sea and on the South by that part of the Mediterranean which we call the Levant Sea which extends Westward to the Archipelago or Aegean Sea and thence to the Euphrates which bounds it on the East The Parts of Asia Minor or Anatolia The Ancients divided this Great Asia Minor into many lesser Regions of which the principal are viz. Pontus Bithynia Little Asia Minor into Lycia Galatia Pamphilia Cappadocia Cilicia Caria Ionia Aeolis Lydia Phrygia Major and Minor Paphlagonia Lycaonia Pysidia Armenia Minor Mysia the Isle of Rhodes c. But at present the Turks do in general call this Great Asia Minor Anatolia which signifies Orient That part of Anatolia which is
by Richard Blome By his Majesties Especiall Command London Printed for Richard Blome To the Rt. honble Anthony Earle of Shaftesbury Baron Ashby of Wimbourne St. Giles and Lord Cooper of Paulet This Mapp is most humbly D.D. by R.B. AMERICA AMERICA is a Continent different from that wherein we inhabit or which we call Ours for the surface of the Globe being described into two Hemispheres divided by the first Meridian America is in that Hemisphere which is opposite to ours The Voyages of Columbus Cabral and Visputius into America In 1942 and some succeeding years Christopher Columbus a Genouese for and in the name of Ferdinand King of Arragon and Isabella Queen of Castile made divers Voyages into the Islands which are before this Continent and discovered part of the Coasts of the Continent In 1501 Alvares Cabral for and in the name of Emanuel King of Portugal Navigating along the Coast of Africa on a Voyage to the East-Indies some Eastern Winds carried him so far to the West that he discovered the Coast of a main Land which was afterwards called Brazil where a little after Americus Vesputius a Florentine was expresly sent with a particular charge to discover this Country In which he was so happy that his name was given to that part of the Coast which he discovered and in fine to the whole Continent From these Voyages of Columbus Cabral and Americus Vesputius the Spaniards pretend to be the first who discovered or caused to be discovered and gave knowledge of this Continent America known by the Ancients The Greeks and Latins have given fair testimonies that the Ancients have had some knowledge of America Plato in his Timaeus and in his Critias calls in the Atlantick Isle and esteems it as great or greater than Asia and Africa together It seems that Plato or Solon or the Priest of Egypt c. had knowledge of the greatness scituation and form of the two parts of America so well they agree to Asia and Africa the Northern America with Asia the Southern with Africa America bounded AMERICA is almost divided into two parts of which one is between the Equator and the North the other in regard of us is towards the South and part under the Equator After Plato Theopompus either in his Treatise of Wonders or in his History makes mention of another Continent besides ours and touches divers particulars Among others that its greatness is so vast that it was not wholly known that its Men were greater stronger and lived longer than we that they had Gold and Silver in so great quantity that they made less account of it than we do of Iron That they had a great number of Cities and among others two very great ones and of Customs much different the principal aim of the one being to War and the other to Religion which I esteem agreeing with Cusco and Mexico which we have so found when first known to us Mexico more inclined to War and Cusco to the adoration of its Divinities AMERICA having been known to the Ancients under divers names and all these names preserved till now there remains to know from whence the People of this America should descend whether from Europe Asia or Africa It is to be believed that the first of our Continent which were carried into America were so either by chance or by force the Eastern Winds having driven them from the Coast of Africa or Libya where they sailed and carried them so far into the West that they have found these Lands And it is likewise to be believed that of those which have been so carried some have been unfurnished of Victuals for so long and impremeditated a Voyage and so have been constrained to eat some among them to preserve the rest as others since have done And thus America may have been peopled by divers Nations How America became first peopled by those of our Continent and at divers times and according to the Parts from whence they were according to the hunger and necessity they suffered upon the Sea they became more or less barbarous And that some have been carried by chance or force from our Continent to the other we may judge both by Ancient and Modern Histories Diodorus Siculus makes mention of certain Phoenicians Aristotle had said almost the same before of the Carthaginians who sayling along the Coast of Africa or Libya were carried far into the Occidental Ocean where they found a very great Isle distant from our Main Land many days sail and the Country as beautiful as that of Toscany so that some of Carthage would here have settled but that the Republick prohibited any more to pass fearing lest it should weaken their Estate commanding those which were passed to retire and abolishing as much as they could the knowledge of their Country yet with design to retire thither if they should become so unfortunate as to fall under the Romans subjection Those particulars which Authors apply to this Isle agree better with America Meridionalis which is almost an Isle than with the Isles on this side it Besides these Authorities of the Ancients the accident which arrived to Alonzo Zanches de Guelva in Adalousie or whatever other Pilot he was who landing at the Madera where was Christopher Columbus who told him how he had been carried by force into the West which he had discovered and how he had returned And the like accident which happened to Cabral in 1501 as we have already said makes it sufficiently appear how the same thing may have hapned to other Saylors and particularly to those Nations on this side which lie upon the Ocean as the Moors Spaniards Celtes and Bretons c. And those who traded on the Ocean as the Phoenicians Carthaginians and Tyrrhenians and this is the more easily because between the two Tropicks the Eastern Brises or Winds do for the most part blow and easily carry nay sometimes force Ships from East to West It is true that it is hard to turn from East to West by the same course And possibly from these two so different things the Poet took occasion to say Facilis descensus Averni Sed revocare gradum superasque revertere ad auras Hoc opus hic labor est Understanding it easy to descend from our Continent into the other which we esteem the Lower Hemisphere but hard to return from that to ours which we esteem the Higher the means to return with least difficulty not being found out but with time and after having and that at divers times essayed all courses which is by disingaging themselves from between the Tropicks which some attribute to Pedrarias de Avila who about the year 1514 began to give Rules for the time of parting and the course was to be held to go from our Continent to the other and likewise the time and course to return from the others to ours Since some have passed from this world of our Continent and by