undoe our selves with wanting of it Neither can we so slenderly forget their memory being our noble friends and who were ornaments to our Regiment and Country and helpers of our credits Shall we not then be sorrowfull for their losses that lost themselves to make us renowned in their deaths and while they lived were our most faithfull and loving Camerades even unto their last breath But since they are gone before us to take in quarters in heaven following their great Captaine who hath made the way open for them being stricken as Iob saith by the hand of the Lord and yet placed at his right hand shall we be sorry for them No we will rather rejoyce and thinke we must follow them when we have fought that good fight against our enemies we shall be crowned with them in glory and rejoyce following the Lambe where ever he goeth and till then his right hand will sustaine us as before for he is our helper and hath sworne by his right hand and the Arme of his strength that he will not forsake us till we rest with him in glory Here also we see that his Majestie having trusted our Nation more than his owne or the Dutch he doth leave them ingaged with the enemy till his Majesties retreate were made sure both first and last Where we see that friendship and true service is best tryed in extremitie for no greater testimony can be given of true service than when the servant doth endanger his own life and honour for the reliefe of his Master as that young Cavalier Captaine Mac-Kenyee did here being a generous act for the safetie of a King which ought to be recorded to vindicate his honour from oblivion whose memory merits to be rewarded that others might imitate his noble example Here also we see that sufferance in a noble manner causeth love for that young Cavalier Henry Lindesey then an Ensigne not able to helpe himselfe his Camerades loving him dearely and the more for his noble sufferance they helpt him off from the crueltie of his enemies to preserve his life for a better occasion who by Gods providence was miraculously healed having lost a great part of his shoulder a wonder in an age such wounds to be cured The twenty-one Dutie discharged at Copemanhagen where the Regiment was completed againe with the Recreut AS all things are preserved by a glorious order so his Majestie after his retreate beginneth againe to make up the body of an Armie to be setled all Winter in quarters within Denmark that against the Spring he might either beate the enemy out of Holsten or otherwise with his sword in his hand make an honourable peace after which resolution taken there was order sent to my Colonell to bring his Regiment to the fields and to reforme the weake Companies that have no Recreut brought over and to strengthen the rest of the Companies till the Regiment was made complete Sir Patrick Mac-Gey having stayd in Scotland his Company was cashier'd and Captaine Annans also in place whereof the Colonell did get from his Majestie two Companies that were sent over by Colonell Sinclaire viz. Captaine George Stewart and Captaine Francis Trafford which were both joyned to the Regiment The Lord of Fowles having leavied a Company in Scotland joyned also to the Regiment Iohn Sinclaire was made Captaine Lievetenant to the Colonels Company Lievetenant Stewart being married having stayd in Scotland with his wife his place was given to Eye Mac-Key and William Brumfield was made Ensigne to Captaine Mac-Kenyee The Lievetenant Colonell having quit the Regiment I succeeded to his place and his Lievetenant Andrew Stewart the Earle of Traquairs brother succeeded Captaine to the Company Ensigne Seaton being made Lievetenant the Captaines brother William Stewart was made Ensigne Tullough his Company was recreâ—ted and was full by his old Officers Beaton and Iohnson Iohn Monro his Company being recreuted long David Monro was made Lievetenant and long William Stewart Ensigne Captaine Monro of Obstell his Company being complete William Carre was made Lievetenant and Hector Monro Ensigne The Regiment thus complete was mustred and received a moneths meanes together with a reckoning of their by-past rests with an assignation on his Majestie of great Britaine for the payment of the moneys The Regiment thus contented the Colonell Captaine Monro of Obstell and Captaine Mac-Key returning for Britaine the Regiment being left under my command was directed to winter Garrisons as followeth The Colonels Company commanded by Iohn Sinclaire as Captaine Iohn Ennis Lievetenant and William Mac-Kenyee Ensigne were quartered in Langland Captaine Monro of Fowles his company was sent to lie in Feamer Andrew Monro being his Lievetenant and Iohn Rhode Ensigne Captaine Monro of Obstell his company was quartered there also and the foresaid Officers Captaine Iohn Monro his company and his Officers were also quartered there Captaine Forbesse of Tullough his company and Officers were quartered in Malline in Skoneland Captaine Mac-Kenyee his company and Officers foresaid were quartered with me in Malline in Skoneland Captaine George Stewart Robert Hâ—ine Lievetenant and Iohn Sanders Ensigne were quartered in Alzenburgh Captaine Francis Trafford his company being Welsh with his Officers were quartered in a Dorpe in Skoneland Captaine Andrew Stewart his company and Officers were quartered in London in Skoneland My company which was Lermonds with the Officers did lie in Garrison in Luckstad in Holsten The Officers that were reformed went to seeke their employments viz. Captaine Sanders Hay went to Sweden and was made Major to Sir Patricke Ruthven in Spruce Patricke Dumbarre was made Captaine to a Company of Danes Souldiers There happened also a mis-fortune this Winter in Feamer where Lievetenant Andrew Monro a valourous young Gentleman was killed in Combate by a Dutch called Ranso and Lievetenant William Mac-Key succeeded in his place being made Lievetenant to Fowles when William Gunne was preferred by me as Ensigne to the Colonells Company the rest of the Garrisons lay in quiet all Winter during which time his Majesties Commissioners lay at Lubeck treating for a peace with the Emperour The twenty-one Observation IN the Firmament we see all things are preserved by a glorious order the Sunne hath his appointed circuite the Moone her constant change and every planet and Starre their proper course and place the Earth also hath her unstirred stations the Sea is confined in limits and in his ebbing and flowing dances as it were after the influence and aspect of the Moone whereby it is kept from putrefaction and by strugling with it selfe from over flowing the land So that in this world order is the life of Kingdoms Honours Artes for by the excellency of it all things florish and thrive and therefore we see that this order is requisite to be observed in nothing more than in military discipline being the life of it Regiments then maintained in good order the Army can be but well ordered and the Army well ordered the King and country cannot but stand
MONRO HIS EXPEDITION VVITH THE VVORTHY SCOTS REGIMENT CALLED Mac-Keyes Regiment levied in August 1626. by S r. Donald Mac-Key Lord Rhees Colonell for his Majesties service of Denmark and reduced after the Battaile of Nerling to one Company in September 1634. at Wormes in the Paliz Discharged in severall Duties and Observations of service first under the magnanimous King of Denmark during his warres against the Emperour afterward under the Invincible King of Sweden during his Majesties life time and since under the Directour Generall the Rex-chancellor Oxensterne and his Generalls Collected and gathered together at spare-houres by Colonell ROBERT MONRO at first Lievetenant under the said Regiment to the Noble and worthy Captaine THOMAS MAC-KENYEE of Kildon Brother to the noble Lord the Lord Earle of Seafort for the use of all worthie Cavaliers favouring the laudable profession of Armes To which is annexed the Abridgement of Exercise and divers practicall Observations for the younger Officer his Consideration ending with the Souldiers Meditations going on service LONDON Printed by William Iones in Red-Crosse streete 1637. COLONELL MONRO TO HIS HIGHNESSE THE PRINCE ELECTOR PALATINE OF RHINE wisheth health and happinesse AFTER seven yeares March in the warres of Germany with one Regiment it being rent in the battell of Nerlin at last I retired unto Britaine to levie againe for the further advancement of the good cause and being at the Court of England attending imployment to expresse my love and most humble respects unto your Highnesse having bin an eye-witnesse the accidents most remarkable which occurred in Germany during those seven yeares warres though a rude and ignorant Souldier I was bold to set pen to paper to discharge a long seven yeares troublesome Expedition in short Duties and Observations of service cōtaining a true simple narration of the principall occurrences which happened in the course of this warre without omitting one dayes March in three yeares under the Magnanimous King of Denmarke nor thereafter in foure yeares March with the Royall Army under the fortunate conduct of his Maiesty of Sweden of never dying memory Being induced thereto chiefely to testifie my humble respects unto your Highnesse to whom I have ever vowed my best endeavours of service next to expresse my love and thankfulnesse to my country and to my deere Camerades Britaines Dutch and Swedens companions not of wants but of valour eternizing their memory who after death like Phoebean Champions ride triumphing in spite of envy being praised by their enemies for having valorously resisted their assaults till they died standing serving the publique through their great love to your Highnesse Royall Mother the Queene of Bohemia your Highnesse selfe and the remnant of the Royall Issue Hoping therefore for their sakes departed of worthy memory my paines may be acceptable unto your Highnesse for their sakes alive that long for a new Leader I have beene bold to send unto your Highnesse at this time worthy Counsellours whose counsell your Highnesse may be bold to follow and their vertues being most Heroicke and examplary may be imitated by your Highnesse in going before us as our new Master Captaine and Leader being descended of the valiant Bruce and of the first King of the Stewarts through your Highnesse Royall Mother Elizabeth Queene of Bohemia Iewell of her sex and the most resplendent in brightnesse of minde for a woman that the earth doth afford That great Monarch Alexander the great shewed his humanitie in the wants of old age to a poore and decrepite Souldier being weary with great travell in the way lent him his own chaire for to warme him by the fire and being upon his death-bed for all the pangs and paines of Death he disdained not to shake hands with the meanest and poorest of all his Souldiers So Mighty and Illustrious Prince I though a poore Souldier doe Dedicate unto your Highnesse these my dutifull Observations and Expeditions Your Highnesse being eminent as your dignity high hath made me presume on your Highnesse goodnesse which I know is full of pardons for those that reverence your Highnesse person as I doe That I have prefixed your Highnesse name was my duty as to my Patron Superiour to whom I am ever most bound especially in discharging of this my duty Neither doe I pay this tribute unto your Highnesse as to adde any thing unto your Highnesse knowledge being already inriched with notable vertues but rather to expresse my love and dearest respect in all humility to him whom I have vowed to follow if my breath may last so long till your Highnesse enemies be overcome Daigne therefore Noble and Illustrious Sir to let passe this my tedious expedition and shallow observations under the name of your Highnesse Patronage to whom I wish the Roman Empire for a possession as it was extended of old from the River Euphrates at the East to the Ocean Sea at the VVest the fertillest part of Asrica at the South and the Rhine and the Danube at the North which to possesse come Noble Sir unto the field and fight before us Britaines Irish and Dutch who long to see your Highnesse to fight with good lucke and victory with strength and power with wisdome and understanding c. against your Highnesse enemies till your Highnesse Royall Mothers Throne be established after her sacred Majesty in your Highnesse Person Vouchsafe then Noble Sir of your gracious generosity favourably to accept of my well wishing and of these my Observations and esteeme the Author thereof to be for ever Your Highnesse most humble and obedient serviture ROBERT MONRO TO THE READER NOble worthy courteous and loving Reader if I could perswade thee to beleeve what profit the diligent and serious Souldier doth reape by reading and what advantage he gaineth above him who thinketh to become a perfect Souldier by a few yeares practise without reading Truely thou wouldest use thy earnest diligence as well in the one as in the other for I dare be bold to affirme that reading and discourse doth as much or rather more to the furtherance of a perfect Souldier than a few yeares practise without reading For out of my owne experience in my profession having seene as many rare occurrences and accidents of warre by practise as hath not been seene the like in many yeares before which shall appeare evidently by the subsequent Observations of one Regiments service Neverthelesse I must confesse that reading and discourse of warres inable the minde more with perfect knowledge than the bare practise of a few yeares Therefore what these yeares past I have collected by the one and the other following the laudable profession of Armes under the mightie and potent King of Denmarke the space of three yeares and since under his Majestie of worthy memory the Invincible King of Sweden his Crowne and Confederats in foure yeares gathered together for the good profit and furtherance of thee and my Country whereby I hope the noble and worthy minded Reader shall be
of no Souldier will doubt Here also we see His Majestie made no difference of season or weather in prosecuting his enemie whenever he found any advantage And therefore it was His Majesties wise resolution to crosse the Rhine while Generall Tillies Armie in the Winter time was farthest from him and making but a faint here before Oppenham his ayme and designe was to crosse the Rhine at an other part by shipping that while the enemie was busied in defence of the Skonce His Majestie might crosse at an other part for the Armie once crossed the Skonce was lost for want of supplie and His Majestie once over the whole Paltz and Mentz were in feare Nothing is more powerfull to resist resolution than resolution for it is said of the Oake being hard timber for to cleave it a sunder there must be wedges made of it selfe that hardnesse may overcome hardnesse My advise then to all brave fellowes watching in trenches or guarding Cannon while as the enemie would try their valour by out-falling in assailing them at such times let the defender doe as was done here leaving the use of the Musket as being more unreadie let them make use of their pikes meeting their enemies in the teeth with a strong firme bodie of Pikes after the old Scots fashion used by our Predecessours that fought pell mell with two-hand swordes till one of the parties did quit the field for though they suffer losse sure they must winne credit that repulse their enemie rather than disgracefully suffer their Cannon to be nayled or their braines knockt out in trenches while as they take them to the uncertaintie of the musket Therefore let resolution be ever present repulsing force with force for if thou wouldest be esteemed amongst the number of brave fellowes thou must resolve to shew thy selfe resolute couragious and valiant going before others in good example choosing rather to dye with credit standing serving the publique than ignominiously to live in shame disgracing both thy selfe and Countrie Who would not then at such times choose vertue before vice glorie honour and immortall fame before an ignominious shamefull and detestable life Let then my deere Camerades of the Brittish Nation where ever they serve embrace this my exhortation and lay it up in the secret corners of their heart and minde that they may be ever mindefull of their credits preferring credit to life for the honour of the invincible Nation doing ever as was done here by their Countrie men in one night thrice at three severall partes whereof twice in sight of their King and Master His Majestie crossing the Rhine did take with him the Scots which were there of Sir Iames Ramseys Regiment of old Spense his Regiment and of My Lord Rhees being landed the Spanish horsemen having furiously charged the Scots with a little advantage of a hedge stood by His Majestie against the Spanish horsemen and with a strong body of pikes and salves of musket resisted valiantly the horsemen till the rest were landed to relieve them As also the next day the Musketieres of Ramseys Regiment that on all occasions were wont to shew their valour were the first stormed the walles at Oppenham as they were the first with their Camerades that accompanied His Majestie at his landing in the Paltz testifying how willing they were to oppose danger in sight of their King and Master revenging themselves on the Spaniard a cruell enemy to the Daughter of our King and Sister to our Dread Soveraigne the Queene of Bohemia whom before they had removed by force of Armes from the sweete land of the Paltz where at this time they were fighting to invest againe His Majestie of Bohemia her Husband and his Royall issue being under the Conduct of the Lyon of the North the invincible King of Swedeâ— their Leader who was carelesse as he said himselfe that night to incurre the feude or the enmity and anger both of the House of Austria and King of Spaine to doe service to his Deere Sister the Queene of Bohemia Who would not then my deere Camerades Companions not of want but of valour and courage at such a time being the time we all of us longed to see who would not I say presse to discharge the dutie of valourous Souldiers and Captaines in sight of their Master and King having crossed the Rhine fighting for the Queene of Souldiers being led by the King of Captaines and Captaine of Kings who would not then as true valourous Scots with heart and hand sustaine the Fight discharging at once the dutie of Souldiers and valourous Captaines by that meanes so farre as in them lay restoring the Paltz contemning death striving to get victory over their enemies and freedome of Conscience to their distressed brethren long kept in bondage and under tyranny of their enemies the space of ten yeares till the coming of this magnanimous King and great Captaine who in six moneths time after did free the Paltz of all Spanish Forces setting them at libertie having brought the Keyes of all Goales with him and opened the doores not onely of all prisons but also of all houses and Churches in the Paltz that had beene closed ten yeares before through the banishment of the owners bringing them backe to their houses againe and having removed the Idolatrous worship of Papists out of their Churches suffered them againe to serve God peaceably in their former true undoubted and onely pure profession of the Faith of Christs Gospell The twenty-fourth Dutie discharged of our March to Mentz and of the intaking of it HIS Majestie having laien here at Oppenham some three dayes till the rest of the Armie were come over at Oppenham and at Stockstat the Armie being come over the Spaniards were afraid to stay in any place that was not wondrous strong and their feare being so great they quit Stagne setting it on fire as also the Lotterings Garrison did quit Wormes having first abused the Towne with plundering and other intolerable damage and hurt they retired all unto Frankendall being strong by fortification they made it strong of men having retired above eight thousand Spaniards within it who being blocked up had never the resolution or courage once to have falne forth on the Swedens Forces but kept themselves close within walles His Majestie taking his march towards Mentz which before was blockt up on the other side of the Rhine next to Francford with Shippes and with the Landgrave of Hessens Forces his Majestie about the middest of December in cruell tempestuous weather for frost and snow coming before it on a Sunday in the afternoone and having himselfe rode about the Towne on the Paltz side and recognosced both workes and walles the Armie standing in Battaile his Majestie having first commanded the Horsemen some to quarters and some on dutie The foote Briggads were commanded towards their severall Postes where Colonell Hepburnes Briggad according to use was directed to the most dangerous Poste next the enemy and the rest
Page 27 Letter N. Bonne being a woman yet she was valiant in Armes Page 28 Letter O. At the Battaile of Leipsigh Sir Iames Ramsey Sir Iohn Hamilton and Colonell Monro of Foules commanded the Vangard of the foote Army Page 63 Letter R. The Battell was begun the seventh of September 1631. in the afternoone betweene twelve and one Page 65 Letter T. Few Britaines are induced to serve the Catholique League Page 75 Letter N. Hohnwart Pfafenhowen Landshut with the Abby St Morris and the Abby of Saint George in Bavier all brought under contribution Page 122 Letter A. The Boores in Bireland did cut off the Souldiers noses eares and legges Page 122 Letter A. The Boores alleaged the dead were risen the Cannon being digged up out of the ground in Bavaria Page 125 Letter G. The Boores in Schwabland being revolted are well payed Page 135 Letter Z. The Boores though they grow pale for feare they are so impudent they never blush at their faults though they oftimes are well corrected for their errours Page 142 Letter G. His Majesties Camer-yonker Boyen and Cratâ—sten both slaine on a party at Nurenberg Page 145 Letter N. The Boldnesse of one fellow being a Leader may engage a whole Army Page 152 Letter Y. The Blew and Yellow as valorous old Souldiers charged well at Leitzen Page 163 Letter T. A Bridge made over the Eler besides Kempten with small Cannon on their Carriage Page 176 Letter R. C. Captaine Bullion his infalling in Rugenwald Page 4 Letter L. Children doe sucke with the milke of their Nurses certaine beginnings of the evills to come our miserie growing as doth our age Page 7 Letter N. A Commander keeping a Fort is like a body infected with a Canker who to preserve the body must resolve to lose a member Page 11 Letter P. Colonell Mackey being gone for Britaine I was recalled to command the Regiment and to joyne my squadron to the rest at Statin Page 11 Letter R. Coloâ—ell Monro and Sir Thomas Conway were both taken on to serve his Majesty of Sweden by my Lord Rhees Commission as Sir Fredericke Hamilton was by my Lord Forbesse Page 13 Letter S. Colonell Lumsdell and Lievetenant Colonell Stewart brought over a Regiment for the Swedens service Page 13 Letter S. A Coâ—onell ought to have freedome to advance the Officers of his owne Regiment Page 13 Letter T. A disereete Commander is better to be followed on little meanes then to follow proud Generalls for greedinesse of meanes Page 13 Letter T. A Cavalier that hath merited well ought to be carefull to maintaine himselfe in credit according to his charge Page 21 Letter C. Colonell Holke his Regiment lost seven Colours at Damaine Page 18 Letter Z. Captaine Beaton behaved himselfe well against his Enemies at an out-fall by Damaine Page 18 Letter Z. A Caveat to an Officer that hath prospered well timely to dispose of his plenty Page 20 Letter C. Captaine Gunne Beaton and Lermond with their Officers were made Prisoners Page 23 Letter F. Captaine Ennis and Lievetenant Lumsdell escaped from the Enemy Page 23 Letter F. Captaine Iames Lyel was murdered Page 28 Letter H. How Captaine Gunne was advanced Page 28 Letter H. Captaine Henry Lindesey advanced being rewarded for vertue Page 28 Letter I. Couragious hearts are oftimes hidden under unclearly raggs Page 62 Letter P. Change of Leaders changes oftimes fortune Page 50 Letter Z. Colonell Tivell shot in the left Arme recognoscing before Francfurt on the Oder Page 31 Letter V. Colonell Lumsdell his behaviour commendable at Francfurt Page 33 Letter W. Commanders are to be pitied who undertake to leade others being blind themselves Page 35 Letter Z. Captaine Dumaine died at Francfurt to whom succeeded David Monro Page 40 Letter F. It s Commonly sâ—ene that those who feare least are soonest overcome as doth witnesse the taking of Francfurt on the Oder and Lansberg on the Wert Page 40 Letter G. The Castle of Spandaw given unto his Majesty by the Duke of Brandenburg Page 43 Letter L. The Citizens of Madeburg discommended for their pride Page 45 Letter P. Captaine Andrew Monro Ferne his Sonne was executed at Statin in Pomeren who at the siege of Trailesound behaved himselfe well being made lame of an Arme. Page 47 Letter S. The Common-wealth must needs decay where the feare of God is taken away and then the ruine of the people doth follow Page 48 Letter V. Colonell Dowbatle with his Dragoniers did take in Tangermund on the Elve Page 49 Letter W. Colonell Monro of Foules with his owne Regiment alone tooke in the Castle of Bloe in Macleburg Page 49 Letter X. Cannon a hundred and fifty were planted about the Royall Leaguer before Werben Page 51 Letter Z. The Conjunction of Brethren against Gods Enemies is most pleasant Page 62 Letter Q. Common danger doth conjoyne oftentimes the coldest friends against the Enemy Page 45 Letter N. Colonell Tivell slaine at Leipsigh battaile Page 66 Letter V. Colonell Lumsdell and Lievetenant Colonell Musten both hurt at Leipsigh Page 66 Letter W. Colonell Colenbagh Colonell Hall divers more kill'd at Leipsigh Page 67 Letter X. Count of Savoy presented himselfe before the Emperour the one side of his body â—lad with cloth of gold the other in gliâ—â—â—ring Armour Page 77 Letter S. The Commons doe follow where Fortune dâ—th favour Page 82 Letter Colonell Hepburn and I were commanded with the whole Musketiers of the Briggad to follow his Majesty unto Oxenford Page 20 Letter B. Colonell Hobalt his sudden advancement Page 85 Letter E. Colonell Hobalt proves ungratefull Page 87 Letter K. Colonell Lodowike Lesly his folke commanded by Captaine Macdowgall on the Castle of Russalhem on the Maine Page 89 Letter M. Clemency was shewed by his Majesty to three thousand Emperiâ—lists Page 74 Letter M. Concord the mother of all happinesse and of the Common-wealth Page 90 Letter P. No Continent in Europe comparable to Germany Page 80 Letter O. The Castle of Openham in the Paltz surprised by Ramseys Musketiers Page 92 Letter T. Colonell Axellilly lost his leg by the Cannon at Mentz Page 95 Letter Z. Cowards ofâ—â—mes speede better in worldly things then those that merit the best Page 96 Letter B. A Captaine well rewarded for being unthankefull Page 97 Letter C. Colonell Alexander Ramsey placed Governour of Creutzenach Page 101 Letter M. Colonell Grame abused for breaking of Accord Page 102 Letter N. Conditions proposed by his Majesty of Sweden to the Duke of Bavier and the Catholique Stends Page 104 Letter R. The Catholique League ever best friends to the house of Austria Page 106 Letter W. The Clergy at Cullen reprehends their Superiours Page 87 Letter I. The Constancy of the Protestants in the Paltz much to be commended Page 95 Letter Conditions of Accord were broken at Stobing to Colonell Monro his Regiment Page 109 Letter C. With Cannon it is easie marching from the fiercest Enemy having advantage of ground Page 109 Letter C.
Majestie continually to divert them from us esteeming more of our soules than of deceivable riches whereof the possession is uncertaine as was seene at this time both in Holsten and Yewtland their riches went faster away than they came and though they could have enjoyed them yet at last they were forced to leave them to others Since therefore we can carry nothing with us but our good name let us be ever carefull of that discharging so farre as we may with a good Conscience our dutie to God and man and this Heritage we cannot be robbed of though the world should turne to nothing Here we see this magnanimous King his estate falling for his love to his Niece the distressed Queene of Bohemia and her Children seeing her banished from her Kingdome by the sword of her enemies he hazards the losse of his Crowne and person to get her restored bringing the sword of his enemies within his owne Countrey fortune having crossed him abroad yet for all this this Magnanimous King was not dejected but with a couragious resolution makes use of the time retiring to one corner of his Kingdome to prevent the losse of the whole being naturally fortified with a broad graffe as the Isle of Britaine being strong of shipping having his Majestie of Britaine to friend and the Estates of the united Provinces he was carelesse of the Emperours forces by Sea or Land not being able to harme his Majestie more than they did By this example we may see what advantage our Soveraigne the Kings Majestie of great Britaine hath over all forraigne Kings in Europe through the scituation of his Dominions being mightie in power of men shipping and money is able to make warre abroad where he pleaseth and to make a safe Retreat when he pleaseth being Master at Sea as he can easily be terrifying his enemies with one Armie abroad and a strong Armie at Sea he can offend whom he will and retire when he list forcing all Europe to be in feare of him and his Majestie in feare of none but of the King of Kings The Lord therefore preserve his Majestie his Children and Subjects from the power of forraigne enemies and I wish a great part of my friends and Country-men were so farre addicted to seeke the restitution of her Majestie of Bohemia and her Royall Issue as I am the warres then should never end till they were restored and I avenged of my friends bloud and mine owne shed in the quarrell Here also I did observe his Majesties circumspection in preventing the Emperialists in coming by water unto his Kingdome having beset all Finland with strong Garrisons of Horse and Foote which kept strong guards and good watch by night and by day at such places on the Coast as was most in danger of the enemies over-setting till in the end the enemy was forced to retire his Armie leaving but a few men in Garrison in the Townes which lay on the Coast which Garrisons his Majestie with shipping did often visite to their great hurt with strong parties retiring againe having done his exployt at his pleasure in safetie This Magnanimous King to my knowledge deserved to have been worthily thought of and well spoken of for his noble enterprizing of the warre being Leader and Generall in so good a cause And though the successe was not answerable I dare be bold to affirme it was none of his Majesties fault for his Majestie not onely bestowed much in advancing of it but also did hazard himselfe and his Crowne in maintaining of it Neverthelesse there are alwayes some Cynicks that doe barke at his Majesties proceedings without reason where we may see that no man no nor Kings themselves can escape the lash of censure and none can eschew to be traduced by the ignominious aspersions of the malevolent tongue Therefore it is good to doe well and then we need not care what is said except the sayer put his name to his assertion and then he may be made to foote his Boule in maintaining of it or unworthily to refuse it Here also I did observe that no Armour nor passe could remove the Generalls feare for having once imagined the enemies over-coming he was never fully setled till he was safe a ship-board And therefore I did see at this time that verified that when man distrusteth God it is then just with God to leave man to himselfe for after our Retreat being on the Roade the Generall being thronged in his owne Ship could not command a Ship to transport his servants till I forced a Ship for his Excellencies service which should teach all men in Authoritie while they have command to command with discretion lest the wheele should turne and then they should be beholding to those whom before they commanded Here also I did see mutinous Souldiers well rewarded and it may be sooner than they thought for the day before those that call'd for money when they were commanded to goe on service the next day I being a Ship-board did see them turne slaves unto their enemies being taken prisoners robbed both of Cloaths and money and kept long in bondage being forced to serve against their Conscience such was their folly in calling for money when it was no time to tell it Having at this time left our horses and baggage to our enemies I observed somewhat on the love of men to those beasts and the love of beasts to their Masters as worth the noting to confirme the kindnesse that should be entertained amongst Christians and men of one profession my brother Obstell of worthy memory had a Horse of our owne Country-breed that was so familiarly acquainted with his Souldiers and with the noise and touch of Drumme that the whole day on our march when his Master went a foote he unled followed the Drumme a little aside from the Company halting when they halted and moving when they moved fast or slow Another Horse I left that being in Wismer Leager having rode out one day to a wood halfe a mile from the Leager to cause to cut timber leaving my Horse standing alone and my Cloake on my Saddle a Rutter coming by unknowne to me and my fellowes steales my Horse away who finding himselfe in strangers hands skips loose and runs to our Leager being chas't and hunted at by more than a hundred Horsemen out-runs them all unto the trenches and running through the Leager stands before my Tent my Camerades wondering what became of mee thinking I had been killed by the Horsemen come and make search for me and finding me tell me of my Horse These beasts I have remembred for their love for which I will set downe some particulars concerning the addresse fidelitie and bountie of some Horses whereof I have formerly read Plinie protests their prayses cannot be expressed We reade of the Numidians that were so much redoubted of the Romanes that in their warres they would at spurres runne their Horses in middest of their enemies without a bridle to governe
of the ruine of the City Iustice and Lawes being abolished avarice rife and pride did reigne and dominier a pleasant story to reade and make use of in the day robbing unpunished spoyling the Church in all confusion Aristotle sayes well that such changes come by them that have eaten up their owne and have no more There was also sedition moved at Lisbone in the yeare 166 by the fantasies of the multitude that was a flood that tooke away almost all the Iewes that were turned Christians whereof there were killed above a thousand and the Massacre continuing three dayes was never appeased till at night the third day Arius Silvius and Alvare of Caster gentlemen and chiefe of the Iustices came with men of warre in Armes to Lisbone and appeased the tumult The Kings Majesty hearing the newes of this horrible sedition being much grieved did presently send unto Lisbone two of the chiefest of the Court to wit Iackes Allmod and Iackes Lopes with full power to punish the Malefactors of such cruelty where publiquely there was executed a great number of the seditious popular and the Priests that moved them to the sedition were first put off their charge then hanged then burnt the Iudges and Magistrates that were â—loathfull to suppresse that popular rage and fury were some deprived of their estates and condemned to great pennance and the Towne it selfe was deprived of their priviledges and honours I pray God to keepe my country from the like Who pleaseth to reade the story it is much worth and of great observance for any good Christian. Another notable story of the like we have in the beginning of the Reigne of Charles the fift successor to Ferdinand King of Spaine and Sicil in whom did faile the race of the Kings of Aragon the people being moved by a Monke continued long in seditions one after another till God did remove it at last and since they lived peaceable To conclude then this point it is a vaine thing to be a follower of the popular sort for none is the better for their praise nor the worse for their blame And therefore Plutarch said well that one man could not be master and servant of the people otherwise perforce it behooveth him to fall into inconveniencie as we reade in the fable written of the serpent the taile whereof came one day to quarrell the head saying he would goe his day about foremost and not goe alwayes behinde which being granted unto him by the head he found it worst himselfe not knowing how or where to goe and became the cause that the head was all spoyl'd and rent being compelled against nature to follow a part without sight or hearing to leade it The same we have seene happen unto those who in the Government of the publique would do all things to please the multitude and being once tied to that yoake of slavery in all things to will and agree with the common and lower sort that oftimes are rashly moved and without reason howsoever they cannot thereafter come off and retire hinder or stay the fury and rashnesse of the people And therefore the great servant of God Moses did properly comprehend in the blessings promised unto the Israelites their obedience to Gods lawes that the Lord might establish them in the first ranke a head in briefe that they should be as Masters and should not be subject Reade Deut. 28. The twelfth Dutie discharged of our expedition by water to Aickilfourd in Holsten and of the intaking of it THe eleaventh of Aprill 1628 we got orders to ship againe and being shipped we sayl'd along the coast of Holsten till we arrived before Aickilfourd where lay a Garrison of the Emperialists being five hundred strong halfe Dragoniers and halfe foote souldiers having anchored while we were providing for our landing the Towne being no strength the Dragoniers marched away leaving the Captaine of foote to defend the place who had a Skonce without the Towne with a running line from the Skonce to the Port of the Towne and thinking us to be but a weake flying party that durst not remaine long on the land seeing the enemy lay strong of horse and foote neere by he resolved as his best to defend the Skonce without whereunto he drew his strength his Majesty commanded us to land our forces and to storme the Skonce he staying a shipboard looking on us we land in all haste being allmost two thousand foote of severall Nations English Scots Dutch and French all about equall strâ—ngth we threw dice for the Avangaâ—d who should fall on first concluding those threw most should have the leading and so successively to second one another having throwne sixes the honour of the Avangarde or leading fell on me and mine the English falling next unto us having put our selves in order and dealt out Amunition recommending the successe to the Lord by our preacher Mr. William Forbesse companion of our dangers and having directed Ensigne Allane to recognosse or spie the best advantage being retired I commanded Captaine Lievetenant Carre with fifty musketiers to a broken house that flancked on the Skonce giving him orders to give fire from thence on their backs as we marched to them in front and in case of their retreate to the Towne to cut off their passage or at least to march in with them Thus done I gave charge to my musketiers that no man should give fire till I commanded but to follow their Leaders still in good order The ground we were to advance on to the Skonce was plaine as pavement the Skonce not being high our resolution was to storme without giving fire and as we advanced those of the Skonce did give three severall salvees of musket thundring amoâ—gst us whereof some felt the smart and Captaine Mac-kenyee was favourably shot in the legge and I more favourably in the hilt of my sword which afterwards I gave to Mac-kenyee The most hurt was done to the English marching after us led then by Captaine Chamberlaine a worthy and a valorous gentleman In this time we were advanceing our musketiers commanded by Carre giving fire on their flancks many were hurt and the Captaine shot in the Arme seeing us give no fire but marching hard to storme he quit the Skonce and retired to the Towne and enters the Port before us shutting us out and leaving a few hurt men behind him we brake downe the Stacket and the Towne not walled we entred the broade side and follow the enemy to the market-place thinking he would fight us there But he retired into the Church and shutting the doores defends the Church shooting out he did us great hurt our Souldiers not having forgoâ—ten their cruelty used at Bredenberg resolved to give no quarters and with a huge great ladder and the force of men we ran-forced the doore and entred I thinking to get the Officers prisoners entred withall but could not finde them incontinent perceiving a great quantity of powder spread a thwart the Church
shot over doing us no great hurt in the end our Cannon leaving shooting his Majestie sent orders to set a partie of two hundred Musketiers a-shoare we that were Officers met together in the Admirall shippe and agreed to command out the partie and having cast Lots it fell on the Dutch they suspecting the danger delayed deâ—iring the rest to command out alike which we refused seeing the Lot had falne upon them except his Majestie would give a second command for it thus contesting we goe together towards his Majestie to know his Majesties further resolution and we shew his Majestie of the Dutches delay on whom the Lot had falne his Majestie considering better resolved the partie should be commanded proportionally of all Nations alike and to cast Lots who should send a Captaine to command them the lot falling upon the English they command a Lievetenant that supplied the place of his Captaine in his absence the partie made ready were sent from his Majesties Ship ashoare being twelve Musketiers in every Boate with their Muskets in readinesse the enemy perceiving them coming gives a Salve of a thousand shot amongst them twice before their landing so that the halfe of them were killed yet the Lievetenant valourously led on the rest and begins the fight ashoare and continues the skirmish hot on both sides for one halfe houre till the most part of our partie were killed their powder spent and perceiving no reliefe was to come his Majestie having considered the danger the reliefe though in readinesse was stayd The Lievetenant being the last man retired with credit being thrice shot did come off and died the next night A Sergeant of Captaine Mac-Kenyee his Compaâ—y called Mac-Clawde an old expert Souldier and a diligent sonne to Neale Mac-Clawde was killed and twenty-two Souldiers of the thirtie that I commanded out of our Regiment the rest being wounded for fault of Boates came swimming in their cloathes to his Majesties Ship and were taken in The partie thus lost the enemy begunne to thunder amongst our Fleete with two halfe Cartowes and six Sling-pieces where leaving our Anchors he was thought the best Master that had his Ship first under saile His Majesties Ship being the last was twice shot through and two Constables were shot in two in the waste Thus forced to retire with great losse we hold on our course towards the Isle of Feamer againe The thirteenth Observation IN time of this hot service no man could perceive any alteration in the majestie of this King his Royall face but rather seemed notwithstanding of his losse as it were triumphing over his enemies and comforting others most graciously said We ought not to be astonished when things happeâ— unto us beyond our expectation and that which was more esteemed as a God amongst the Pagans was extraordinarily changeable sometimes taking part with one and sometimes with another In a word this Magnanimous King did abate nothing of his former courage or of his gravitie So that his very enemies if they had seene him at so neere a distance as I did they could not but have humbly reverenced his Majestie for his magnificke stature higher than any ordinary man by the head yet ashamed he was to stoope for a Cannon Bullet when they flew thickest And for the accomplishment of his vertues Nature hath given him an extraordinary rich Presence to wit a face as manly as possible may be seene worthy of a great King wâ—ll mixt in complexion his eyes flaming and shining full of courage his beard browne his nose Aquiline or Emperiall his voice manly winning the hearts of those that see or heare him in effect A Royall King full of assurance without any feare at all in respect of man yet full of Majestie amiable to his friends and terrible to his enemies Here then we may see that it is the LORD that Guards and keepes Kings and Princes from imminent dangers that environ them whereof Histories both ancient and moderne are full of examples of the miraculous deliverance of great personages from dangers One notable Story I will bring to confirme this divine protection in saving Titus sonne to Vespasian appointed for the ruining of Ierusalem to subdue and punish the Iewes Flavius Ioseph in his sixt booke and second Chapter of the Warres of the Iewes records of him that before the siege was layd to the Towne of minde to recognize he fell unawares amongst an Ambushcade of his enemies where then it was knowne as much as ever that it is the LORD who disposeth of the moments of warre and of the life of Kings for though Titus had no head-piece nor Corslet on his backe having not gone to fight but to recognize of an infinite number of shot shot at him none touched him though many were shot behind him those darts shot aside at him he rebated them with his sword and those shot low he made his horse skip to eschew them The Iewes perceiving his resolution made great noise exhorting one another to runne at him and to follow him where ever he went A rare example of a rare deliverance where we see that he is well guarded whom the Lord keepes Here also we may see what difference there is betwixt Commanders he in Feamer shewed himselfe no Souldier neither yet the Captaine in Aickleford but this brave fellow that commanded in Keele preserved himselfe and others and that with credit where we see that where wisedome and valour doe meet oft-times the successe is answerable and a mans discretion is seene when he abides a fit occasion as this brave fellow did where I finde alwayes that those are the best Commanders that are resolute and remisse not hunting before he sees his prey and then with advantage if he would catch Here also experience deare bought did teach us that it is better in commanding men on exployts to command them proportionally out of divers Regiments than to command them all out of one which were to undoe a Regiment and we see often that the examples of the noble carriage of Officers doe much animate and encourage their followers to well-doing and it is a comely thing for the servant of the publique to teach by example which makes his fame live after death as this worthy English Cavalier did especially being in the publique view of the King his Master hiâ— Camerades and his enemies carrying their Characters from service as the marks of his valour without fainting though wounded to death Here also our Scottish High-land-men are prayse-worthy who for lacke of Boats made use of their vertue and courage in swimming the Seas notwithstanding of their wounds with their cloathes shewing their Masters they were not the first came off but with the last following the example of their Leader they would not stay to be Prisoners as many doe at such times and never returne I did also observe after this dayes service an alteration in the common Souldiers behaviour while as before we were to send out a partie
night the enemy might enter the walles being thus doubtfull on both sides the enemy sends a Trumpeter to know if they will treate for conditions our Lievetenant Colonell having the command for the time in Colonell Holke his absence I thinke was glad of the offer to prolong time till his Majesty of Denmark might send a fresh supply Pledges delivered hinc inde a still-stand or cessation of Armes was concluded on by both parties for a fortnights time then Articles were drawne up to be advised on which continued in advising certaine dayes in the end the treaty being almost agreed on to the subscription orders come to our Lievetenant Colonell to dissolve the treaty seeing his Majesty of Denmark had folke in readinesse to come in all haste with Colonell Holke for their reliefe Whereupon my Lord Spynie a Scots Noble man with his Regiment with sufficient provision of money and Amunition were sent unto the Towne and being entred the treaty was rejected and made voide At this time also Sr. Alexander Lesly an expert and a valorous Scots Commander with some Swedens forces was sent to governe the Towne his Majesty of Sweden having condescended with his Majesty of Denmark that his Majesty of Denmark should dismisse the protection of Trailesound in favour of his Majesty of Sweden and to that effect the Danes forces should be drawne out of the Garrison for to give place to the Swedens in the meane time the command was turned over upon Sr. Alexander Lesly whom Colonell Holke did assist with the Danes forces till they were removed the absolute command being given to Sr. Alexander Lesly as Governour for his Majesty of Sweden In time of the still-stand I tooke a foare losse under my Lievetenant Colonell his hand seale to goe by Sea to Copmanhagen to be cured there seeing no Chirurgian in Trailesound would undertake to cut the bullet out of my knee without hazarding me to be same which to prevent I choosed rather though with infinite paine to keepe the bullet a fortnight till I came to Copmanhagen where happily I found better cure The eighteenth Observation TWo things we must respect so long as we live our inward integrity and our outward uprightnesse our piety towards God and our reputation amongst men the one makes our life famous the other our death happy so both together bring credit to the name and felicity to the soule Then whensoever our breath is made but aire we shall be blessed leaving a sweete odour behinde us and men will regrate our losse as at this time they did our hurt He whom before I was wont to obey and visite came now and visited me I not being able to stirre my Lievetenant Colonell came to comfort me having neede to be comforted himselfe by good advise how to defend the workes the second night a generall feare having possessed the hearts both of Burgers and Souldiers and I to encourage him did tell him a story of Augustus the Emperour who being neere death commanded that after his decease all his friends should clap their hands and laugh unfainedly as the custome was when a Comedy was well acted even so said I though I was sorry at our losse yet I was glad for being hurt when I looked to be kill'd and having acted my part of the play for that time and retired off the Stage all I could doe was but to minde my Camerads of their duties In the meane time the Enemies cannon having shot foure great bullets of a hundred and sixty pound weight out of morters through the top of my lodging even to the bottome where I did lie affrighting me still when my feete were not able to shift away my body yet recommending my soule to God I resolved he was well guarded whom the Lord had a care of and having delivered me from many dangers I still confided he would not suffer me to be smother'd under walles For which and all his blessings I doe infinitly thanke his Majesty in giveing me time to doe any thing that may please his Majesty for my deliverance To make my Lievetenant Colonell laugh I did tell him a story of a vision that was seene by a Souldier of the Colonells company that morning before the enemy did storme being a predictive dreame and a true One Murdo Mac-claude borne in Assen a Souldier of a tall stature and valiant courage being sleeping on his watch awakened by the breake of day and jogges two of his Camerades lying by him who did finde much fault with him for sturring of them he replied before long you shall be otherwise sturred a Souldier called Allen Tough a Loghaber-man recommending his soule to God asked him what he had seene who answered him you shall never see your country againe the other replyed the losse was but small if the rest of the company were well he answered no for there was great hurt and death of many very neere the other asked againe whom had he seene more that would dye besides him sundry of his Camerades he tould by name that should be killed the other asked what would become of himselfe he answered he would be killed with the rest in effect he describeth the whole Officers by their cloathes that should be hurt a pretty quicke boy neere by asked him what would become of the Major meaning me he answered he would be shot but not deadly and that the boy should be next unto me when I were hurt as he was This discourse ended I wished my Lievetenant Colonell to set all care aside and to looke to himselfe and to the credit of his Nation in maintaining of the place till the reliefe should come and so we parted Here I did observe that no city be it never so strong or so well beset nor no Armour be it of what proofe it will is able to encourage a fearefull heart as in this City and at this time were many of the Burgars Souldiers strangers Officers of women and children who were tormented by the feare of death and of their meanes whose feare was generally so great that they were bereft both of wisdome and courage as people given over so that their feare in some sort did frustrate their lawfull defences the like I did never see neither wish to see againe for the enemy could not though victorious put them in a worse habit nor make them seeme more miserable than I did see them at this time making themselves unfit to resist their enemies and they were all of them in mine eyes like to the sword-fish having weapons but they wanted hearts they had quaking hands without use and in a word if the enemy had seene them as I did he would rather pitty them as cowards then kill them like gallants Notwithstanding of this feare which possessed the burgars and those Souldiers that had not beene on occasion yet our Nation that are ever most couragious in greatest extremity failed nothing of their woâ—ted valour but having once retired to the Ravelin
our Officers and Souldiers to transport them for their country which accordingly was obeyed As also his Majesty did give orders to ordaine us both Officers and Souldiers free quarters in Alzenheur till the shipps were ready to saile So that we being free from our honourable Master his service we were ready to imbrace new conditions from a new Master The twenty-second and last Observation on our Danes service HEre concluding our Danes service we see that the end of warres is peace and that the end of this peace was the beginning of greater warre under a new Master Happy therefore is that man or that Regiment that can say while as they are thanked off we have served truely and with credit our last Master and then they may be assured of a second Master having wonne a good name as this Regiment did under his Majesty of Denmarke in whom the least omission could never be found much lesse to have committed any grosse errour worthy imputation And therefore we were Graciously dismissed and honestly rewarded according to the time Captaine Andrew Stewart brother to the noble and worthy Earle of Traquaire being soliciting businesse at Copmanhagen contracted a feaver and died there being in his Camerades absence honourably buried by the Stathoulders direction whose death as untimely was much regrated by all his Camerades he being a valorous and expert Commander Likewise Iohn Hampeseede an old true servant to my cozen the Barron of Fowles he dying of a feaver at Angle leager was honourably buried there This Danes warre thus ended was the beginning of a greater warre as is said for the Emperour in Summer 1629. The Danes peace being made in August 1629 did send assistance of men unto the Pole against his Majesty of Sweden under the command of the Felt-marshall Arnhem which the next summer did bring the sword of the Sweden against himselfe So that we see there is nothing here on earth to be expected by us more then a continuall warfare Lord therefore make us dayly to warre in that spirituall warfare serving truely the King of Kings and Lord of hosts fighting that good fight against our spirituall enemies where he that overcomes receives for a reward instead of worldly glory an immortall Crowne of Glory in the Heavens The Colonells Observation of the Kingdome of Denmarke HAving had the honour to have dined with his Majesty at his Table then in the gorgeous pleasant Palace of Freddesborree taking leave of his Majesty having kissed his hand I retired to Alzenheur where I began to thinke that this King could have said of his whole Kingdome as Scipio said you see not a man amongst all those but if I command him he will from a Turret throw himselfe into the Sea even so this Magnanimous King to my knowledge was of absolute authority in his Kingdome as all Christian Kings ought to be in theirs ever obeyed in the Lord without asking the head a reason Why doe you command us thus For we reade that the favour of the Lord was in Iuda in giving them one heart in doing and obeying the commandements of the King and of their Magistrates and Principalls as I did cleerely observe in this Kingdome of Denmarke the goodnesse of government for the florishing of the Kingdome wher 's Totus orbis componebatur ad exemplum Regis He commanding they obeyed both lived in prosperity the Ruler or King Heroick wise noble magnanimous and worthy The Gentry Citizens and Communalty obedient which made their joy and felicity to continue in despite of their mighty foes and that by reason of his Majesties Government in military discipline who doth entertaine a great number of Officers yeerely having good allowance for commanding of Souldiers trained up in peace against warre such as Colonells Lievetenant-Colonells Majors Captaines and other inferiour Officers which are still entertained at the countries charge in exercising of Souldiers for his Majesties emploiment being alike ever ready in all Provinces for peace or warre Would to God we were so well provided in our owne country at home and then we needed not to feare any forraine enemy that are enemies to God to our King and to our Religion And for the better maintaining of warre no Kingdome or King I know is better provided of a Magazin then this magnanimous King for Armes brasse ordnance whereof every yeere his Majesty doth cast above a hundred peeces being sufficiently provided of Amunition and of all sorts of fiery Engines to be used by Sea or Land together with Armour sufficient for to arme a great Armie of Horse His Majestie is also sufficiently well provided of shipping and yearely doth adde to the number which ships are built by two worthy Scottish-men called Mr. Balsoure and Mr. Sinclaire being both well accounted off by his Majestie who in like manner hath a Reprobane at Copmanhagen for making of Cords and Cables for his shipping and Kingdome where I was informed that in twenty foure houres time they were able to furnish the greatest ship the King had of Cables and of all other tackling and cordage necessary to set out the Ship Likewise by his Majesties Artizens within the Kingdome all sort of stuffes and silkes are woven sufficient to serve the Kingdome and his neighbours that please to buy Moreover this Kingdome is worthy commendation for the order of Iustice and Lawes having their Law-books deciding all controversies amongst them and if it come to any great difference the Kings Majestie as being above the Law sits in judgement as the Interpreter and Director of Iustice and according to his Princely dignity mitigates as pleaseth his Majestie the law and decides the controversie This Kingdome also is praise-worthy for the purity of their Gentry being as ancient and noble as any other Kingdome and can bragge of a purer and cleerer bloud of Gentility then many Nations can for they never ally or enter into marriage with any inferiour to themselves be they never so rich if they be Burgars or Plebeians they never marry with them and if one of their daughters will through love miscarry in her affection to marry a Citizen they will not thereafter doe so much as to honour her with their company but on the contrary shee loseth both her portion and honour not suffering her to carry the armes of her familie Moreover this Nation is praise-worthy for their entertaining of learning and of the liberall Sciences professed in their owne Vniversities where their children are well taught and trained up after a noble and heroick manner within their owne Kingdome not onely in their Studies of the liberall Sciences but also in their exercise of body as fencing dancing singing playing of Instruments and riding of horses and what else are noble Recreations as learning of forraine languages Spanish Italian French Dutch and such like and afterwards their youth being well travell'd returning from their Travells they attend on the Chancellarie as under-Secretaries to States-men to enable them to be profitable
Letter H. Captaine Andrew Stewart brother to the Earle of Traquare died at Copâ—anhagâ—n and was buried there Page 86 Letter K. Captaine Monro his valour in clearing the passage Page 18 Letter Q. Citizens of Trailsound compared to the Swordfish having weapons but wanting hearts and had quaking hands without use Page 76 Letter Colonell Mackey with his owne division defends the Passe at Oldenburg Page 17 Letter P. Colonell Mackey had his face spoyled with Gunpowder Page 18 Letter Q. Colonell Frets a Leeflâ—nder was slaine on our post at Trailsound Page 69 Letter N. Count of Mongomery cruelly beaten by the Rascall Boores being mistaken Page 47 Letter V. The nature of the Common people is to serve as slaves or to strike like Tyrants Page 40 Letter X. A Caveat for making Booty Page 32 Letter E. Citizens of Trailsound forgetting benefit were more unthankefull then beasts Page 66 Letter L. Charlemaine his priviledge granted to those had served well Page 72 Letter T. A Cavalier ought patiently to attend his preferment Page 3 Letter B. Continency in all things is most necessary for a Souldier Page 25 Letter X. Men ought patiently to undergoe their Crosses and not to despaire as some did in Denmarke Page 86 Letter He that thinkes on deaths Casuality ought neither to be carelesse nor covetous Page 86 Letter V. Cowards may be compared to dogs that doe barke more then bite Page 70 Letter P. The Cruelty was great the enemy used in harming the dead and innocent Page 40 Letter K. D. It is a worthy and brave enterchange when men attaine unto eternall fame and glory after Death for a temporall Death Page 41 Letter L. The strictnesse of Discipline is the conservation of an Army Page 36 Letter G. It were impossible to make Boores and Souldiers agree together without the strictnesse of Military Discipline Page 62 Letter F. It is never good in plenty to Disdaine Souldiers lest in adversity they may prove unusefull Page 2 Letter A. The observance of Discipline is the maintaining of Kingdomes Cities and Common-wealths Page 69 Letter O. Dumbarre renowned in despite of envy Page 13 Letter L. It is the Duty of valorous Commanders to care for the buriall of the slaine though their enemies Page 25 Letter Y. We are Drowned in the mud of vice and slothfulnesse while we want businesse and have no foe to awe us Page 46 Letter T. E. An English Cavalier being deadly wounded retired bravely at Keel Page 55 Letter B. Ensignes six of Scots shot at Ouldenburg Page 18 Letter Q. A rare Example of strength and courage in Ensigne David Monro Page 21 Letter S. Emulation of Superiours by example groweth amongst inferiours Page 37 Letter H. The whole Officers were hurt except one Ensigne Ihonston Page 68 Letter M. He that wilfully continues an Enemy teacheth his enemy to doe him a mischiefe if he can Page 77 Letter A. Though the Enemy be unworthy reconcile with him to be freed of his scandalous tongue Page 77 Letter A. The Enemy studies all the plots of our ruine and the danger is ever most that is least seene Page 77 Letter Experience teacheth that neither Fly Bee nor waspe can harme those that are healed of the sting of Scorpions Page 22 Letter T. The best Exhortation a Leader can give Souldiers is to shew himselfe valorous Page 23 Letter W. Enemies prove oftimes good pedagogues setting both death and judgment before us Page 66 Letter K. F. Feare doth put us in a more horrid habit then any enemy can doe Page 22 Letter F. It is not good to Feele the ill of the sturdy popular having once loosed the reine Page 48 Letter W. Friends that are trusty the best companions of danger Page 14 Letter M. To be a Follower of the popular sort is a vaine thing Page 50 Letter Y. The Footâ— is alwayes more usefull in warres and lesse chargable then Horse Page 23 Letter W. Fortune having crossed his Majesty of Denmarke in his warres abroade brought the sword of his enemies within his owne Kingdome Page 29 Letter A. G. The Germans are commonly friends to the victorious ete contra Page 16 Letter O. Germans of old did sing going on service Page 70 Letter P. Those that thirst after Gold let them bring it valiantly from afarre to supply the poore at home or to decore and enrich their Country Page 72 Letter S. A man is glad to come off with credit being hurt as I was at Trailsound where I thought to be slaine Page 75 Letter Y. Ill Gotten gaines is farre worse then losses with preserved honesty Page 31 Letter D. Gentlemen three of my Colonells Company slaine at Trailsound Gordon Stewart and Tullough Page 68 Letter M. H. Honour compared to a chaste made Page 31 Letter D. Happie are those that travell in well-doing for when the paines are gone then doe they enjoy the pleasure Page 63 Letter G. Hugh Murray his brother being slaine would not carry him off till he had beene revenged and then himselfe shot in the Eye the Bullet came out at his Nose Page 23 Letter V. Hector Monro being shot in one foot would not retire till first he emptied his Bandeliers and being shot then through the other foote was carried off by others Page 23 Letter V. We ought never to glory too much in peace or prosperitie as the Holsteners did but rather to prevent the worst Page 28 Letter The Highland Souldier his predictive Dreame seene at Trailsound Page 75 Letter Z. I. A just cause and a just deputation is that which gives the minde securitie And he dyeth well that dyeth fighting for a just cause Page 53 Letter Iustice the strictest that is observed amongst Souldiers Page 44 Letter S. An Isles Gentleman being deadly wounded did swimme with his Cloaths and wounds to escape the fury of his Enemies Page 32 Letter D. K. As forraine Kings make use of Cavaliers in their need so they ought with reason if not rewarded make their retreat to their King and Master being disdained without respect Page 25 Letter X. Our Knowledge is of none effect without assurance in God through Christ. Page 5 Letter E. The King of Denmark deserved praise for enterprising the warre though the successe was not answerable Page 30 Letter B. The King of Denmark commended for his care Page 32 Letter E. The King of Denmark contrary to feare through his valour did cast a kinde of honour upon God confiding in his care onely Page 35 Letter F. The King of Denmark did establish his Throne in despite of his Enemies Page 35 Letter F. Kings are but servants though more splendid for the Common-wealth Page 35 Letter F. The Kings Majestie of Denmark commended Page 43 Letter O. The King of Denmark did comfort his Officers after their losse sustained before KEEL Page 29 Letter A. Kings are kept and guarded from eminent danger by the Lord. Page 29 Letter A. A King or a Prince that undertakes toyle and
of Hamilton Generall of the Brittish Army Sir Iames Spence Generall over Scots Sir Patrike Ruthven Governour of Vlme and since Generall Sir Alexander Lesly Governour over the Cities along the Baltique Coast and since Felt-marshall over the Army in Westphalia Generall Major Iames King since Lievetenant Generall Sir David Drummond Generall Major and Governour of Statin in Pomeren Sir Iames Ramsey Generall Major had a Regiment of Scots and since was Governour of Hanaw Colonells that served then of Scots My Lord of Rhees Mackey Colonell to a Briggad of Scots Sir Iohn Hepburne Colonell succeeded to command the Scottish Briggad and since was slaine in France Sir Iohn Ruthven Colonell to a Briggad of Dutch and since Generall Major Sir Iames Lumsdell Colonell to a Regiment of Scots Alexander Ramsey Colonell and Governour of Creutzenach Robert Lesly Colonell to a Regiment of Scots Robert Monro Baron of Fowles Colonell of Horse and Foote over Dutch and since died of his wounds at Vlme Iohn Monro of Obstell Colonell to a Regiment of Scots and since slaine on the Rhine in the Weteraw Lodovicke Lesly Colonell to a Regiment of Scots which was Sir Iohn Hamiltons Robert Monro Colonell to a Regiment of Scots which was my Lord of Rhees Iames Carre Colonell to a Regiment of Scots and since Generall Major Sir Fredricke Hamilton Colonell to a Regiment of Scots and Irish. The Master of Forbesse Colonell to a Regiment of Scots Alexander Hamilton Colonell to a Regiment of Scots The Earle of Crawford Lindesey Colonell to a Foote Regiment of Dutch and since slaine William Baily Colonell to a Regiment of foote of Dutch Sir Iames Hamilton Colonell to a foote Regiment of Scots Iohn Forbesse Colonell to a foote Regiment of Dutch slaine in France Hugh Hamilton Colonell to a foote Regiment of Dutch Sir William Ballentine Colonell to a fote Regiment of English Sir Iames Ramsey Colonell to a foote Regiment of English and since died at London Alaxander Forbesse called Finnesse Forbesse Colonell to a Regiment of Finnes Walter Leckey Colonell to foote The English Colonells served then Colonell Austin Colonell to an English Regiment served in Germany Sir Iohn Cassells Colonell to a foote Regiment of English which was levied by Sir Thomas Conway who was cast away on the coast of Denmarke with his Lievetenant Colonell George Stewart Sir George Fleetwood Colonell to a foote Regiment of English that served at this time in Spruce Scots Colonells that served at this time in Sweden Leefland and Spruce Iames Seaton Colonell to foote of Swedes Colonell Kinninmond Colonell to foote of Swedes since dead Colonell Thomson Colonell to foote of Swedes since dead Colonell Scot Cloonell to foote of Finnes since dead William Cunningham Colonell to â—oote of Scots in Spruce Francis Ruthven Colonell to foote of Dutch in Spruce Sir Iohn Meldrum Colonell in Spruce to foote Lievetenant Colonells who served then whereof since some have beene advanced Thomas Hume of Carolside Lievetenant Colonell of Horse since a Colonell in France Lievetenant Colonell Dowglas since a Colonell of Horse in Germany under the Swede Henry Muschamp Lievetenant Colonell since was a Colonell and was slaine at Nerling Alexander Lesly Lievetenant Colonell since a Colonell to foote Alexander Cunninghame Lievetenant Colonell since a Colonell to foote Lievetenant Colonell Vavazer since a Colonell to foote William Gunne Lievetenant Colonell since a Colonell to foote of Dutch Iohn Lesly Lievetenant Colonell since Colonell to foote of Scots Lievetenant Colonell Finnesse Forbesse since a Colonell Alexander Forbesse called the Bald Lievetenant Colonell since a Colonell Robert Stewart Lievetenant Colonell since a Colonell Hector Monro Lievetenant Colonell since a Colonell and being made Knight Baronet died at Hamburg and was buried at Buckstehood in the Oldland oâ— the Elve Sir George Dowglas Lievetenant Colonell since Ambassadour for his Majesty of Great Britaine in Spruce died in Germany and was transported and buried in Scotland George Lesly Lievetenant Colonell since Colonell Iohn Lindesey of Bainshow Lievetenant Colonell since slaine at Newbrandenburg Lievetenant Colonell Monypenny Lievtenant Colonell to horse Alexander Lindesey Lievetenant Colonell since slaine in Bavier Iohn Sinclaire Lievetenant Colonell was slaine at Newmarke William Stewart Lievetenant Colonell succeeded to Sinclaire Henry Lindesey Lievetenant Colonell to Lesly the younger William Lindesey Lievetenant Colonell to Horse Iames Henderson Lievetenant Colonell to Foote Sir Arthur Forbesse Lievetenant Colonell to foote was slaine in combat neere Hamburg Robert Weere Lievetenant Colonell since slaine in Saxony Iohn Lyell Lievetenant Colonell to foote Iames Dickson Lievetenant Colonell since slaine in the Paltz Sandelens Lievetenant Colonell since slaine in the Paltz William Borthwicke Lievetenant Colonell to foote Macdowgall Lievetenant Colonell since slaine in Schwabland Iames Hepburne Lievetenant Colonell since slaine in France Robert Hannan Lievetenant Colonell to foote died in Alsas Iohn Monro Lievetenant Colonell to foote Robert Lumsdell Lievetenant Colonell to foote William Herring Lievetenant Colonell to foote Sir Iames Cunninghame Lievetenant Colonell to foote William Spence Lievetenant Colonell to foote Iohn Ennis Lievetenant Colonell to foote Poytagheâ— Forbesse Lievetenant Colonell to foote Iohn Forbesse of Tullough Lievetenant Colonell was slaine at Nerling George Forbess Lievetenant Colonell to foote Alexander Hay Lievetenant Colonell of Dragoniers David Leslie Lievetenant Colonell to Horse Iames Drummond Lievetenant Colonell to horse Kinninmond the elder Lievetenant Colonell to foote Kinninmond the younger Lievetenant Colonell to foote Francis Sinclaire Lievetenant Colonell to foote Gordon Lievetenant Colonell since a Colonell to foote of Dutch under the Crowne of Sweden Iohn Henderson Lievetenant Colonell since a Colonell under the Emperour William Troope Lievetenant Colonell slaine in the Paltz Potley Lievetenant Colonell to foote under Sir George Fleetwood Arthur Mon-gorge Lievetenant Colonell to foote Iames Mongomry Lievetenant Colonell slaine in combat Scots Majors Major Ruthven slaine at Nerling Major Mill. Major Cunninghame Major Iohn Forbesse Major David King slaine at Nerling Major Bodwell slaine at Wertzburg Major Mackenyee since Generall adjutant under the Felt-marshall Lesâ—y Major Sidserfe slâ—ine at Nerling Major David Monro Major William Falconer Major Francis Sinclaire Major William Keith Major Sanderson Major William Bruntfield died of his wounds at Buckstehoode in the Oldland Diverse Captaines and inferiour Officers of the Nation followed the Army being in charge whom I omit out of this List. MONRO HIS EXPEDITION IN GERMANY The first Part. TVesday the tenth of Octobeâ— 1626. from Cromartie in Scotland to Lugstad on the Elve by Sea Dayes 5 300 Dutch Miles Wee wintered in Holstein in good Quarters Moneths 6 From Lugstad on the Elve we marched to the Weser streame above Bâ—emen Dayes 4 12 Dutch Miles On the Weser stream we remained weekes Ten. 10 The tenth of Iuly 1627. we marched from the Weâ—er to Bucstihoode Dayes 3 12 Dutch Miles From the Oldland we crossed the Elve at Blanckenesse and continued our Expedition to Beysenburg on the Elve in Mechlenburg Dayes 3 10 Dutch Miles At Beysenburg we rested Dayes
thanking our countrimen he died of paine and agony before night After this show made of courage by the besieged they being discouraged desired a Parle where Major Greeneland an English Cavalier then serving the Emperour was sent out to make the accord with his Majesty pledges delivered by both the accord agreed on was subscribed where it was coâ—cluded the Governour should march out with flying Colours and Armes and with two peeces of Ordinance with bag and baggage and a convoy to the next Emperiall Garrison providing the Governour should leave behinde him all cannon being threescore peeces of Brasse all store of Amunition and victuall and all spare Armes and to march forth precisely the next day by twelve of the clocke But had the Governour the Duke of Savellie bin so valorous as those he commanded he might in respect of the season situation of the Towne have kept the City a moneth longer so that to our Iudgments he was no good Souldier knowing his Generall was able to relieve him The enemy thus march't away and his Majesty having beset the Garrison heareing Generall Tylly with a strong Army had taken resolution to visit his Majesty in Maclenburgh he stood not long on advisement but out of hand disposed of his Army couragiously wisely and circumspectly as the event did witnesse his Majesties good command an resolution Damaine beset with Swedens Generall Bannier was ordained to stay there for to command the Garrison and to keepe correspondence with his Majesties and with others in case of Tyllies coming Generall Major Kniphowsen was sent with his owne Regiment and six companies of my Lord of Rhees commanded by his Lievetenant Colonell Bainshow to lie at new Brandenburg Major Sinclair with two companies was ordained to lie at Triptowe the Grave Fonottenburg with his Majesties Regiment of horse and my squadron of Foote was appointed to lie at Malchene his Majesty himselfe with the rest of the Army were to lie at Pooswell being the passe unto Pomeren and to the Oder Felt-marshall Horne being recall'd with his forces from Landsberg was ordained to lie at Freedland all having their instructions and orders in writ which they durst not passe one jot to th' end that where ever Tyllies Army would settle the rest of our Army from the severall Garrisons should come together to relieve the party besieged if his Majesty thought fitting So leaving Damaine having lost three hundred men before it our march houlds out according to our severall orders and instructions The fifth Observation ALL things were atchieved unto here by the goodnesse of a glorious order being seconded with skilfull and valorous Officers and Souldiers obedient even unto death every one by revolution keeping his certaine time and turne and that with strictnesse each being greedy of their owne honour and advancement under this noble King and Generall who liked of no wicked Souldier living out of compasse and rule such as were birds of the Divells hatching all such were banished from this Army that was led by Pious and religious Gustavus of never dying memory who could not abide any that would profaine Gods ordinance or that refused to give obedience to good orders Here at Letts before our rising to Dameine I could not but pitty though an enemy the Italian Governour that commanded in Letts who suffered himselfe the place and his followers to be surprised knowing of the Armies approach for we see by his example that goods evill conquest with great paines are soone lost going away with wings swifter then the winde whereof Histories are full of examples to which purpose I will inferre one story I have reade of Hugolene Gerrardesque Depise as records Paulus Aemilius in the eighth booke of the French story This Hugolene being a Commander for the Pope over the Guelfes having chased a part of the Gibelins that were with the Emperour terrifying the rest he became so greatly renowned amongst his owne folke that he commanded what he pleased and was made Lord and Governour of a City as this Italian was here being accounted noble rich magnificent and learned he was married having good issue he abounded in all riches more then he could desire or wish being counted happy and at his ease according to his owne minde and the opinion of his friends he made a feast on his birth day and having assembled his friends being merry he fell in commendation of his owne worth and honour extolling himselfe above the Clouds so farre that he begun to aske of one of his neerest friends if he thought he lacked any thing to make him happy the other considering the uncertainty of worldly affaires and the deceitfull vanities thereof that perish in a moment when the Lord pleaseth but to breath said certainely the wrath of God cannot be farre from this thy great prosperity Incontinent the Forces of the Gibelius begining to stirre unexpected come about the lodging breake in through the Ports kill his children and take himselfe who begging life being refused was miserably murthered and all his goods taken by the enemy in Italy in the yeare 1288. to teach all mortall men not to glory too much in uncertaine riches that come but slowly and goe away swiftly Those men that are meanely risen may justly be checked here that when they have attained unto wealth riches and honour presently they will begin to counterfeit the Nobility pressing to tread in their footeâ—steps though not belonging unto them for wealth attained unto it may be by unlawfull meanes should not make the owners too proud of it lest suddenly it may be lost as chanced to Hugolene Neverthelesse some fantastick Officers that cannot governe themselves nor their wealth they will hunt and hawke with traines on Princes bounds as I have knowne some doe being abroad thinking themselves equall to Princes whereof they were farre short and they will have their silver plate their gold their silver their Iewells their Coaches their horses their traines and Officers of houshold counterfeiting greatnesse and great men having it may be but little worth besides suffering themselves in their Pompe to be surprized their goodâ— taken from them and then to be cast in a close dungeon or prison till they die for want the reward of their pride whereas it had beene better they had lived with greater sobriety and modesty and then if misfortune should happen unto them they would be the more respected and consequently the sooner set at liberty I have read of Cavaliers that served long and truely with credit whose mindes were not set on outward things perishable but rather their hunting was after a good name renowne and credit to leave behinde them when all other things might be stripped from them which in my opinion were more to be commended then those that would counterfeit worth being without it But on the contrary I have knowne some Cavaliers that hunted after credit did gaine much renowne and were rich in credit though poore otherwise leaving no more houshold stuffe
all his will is so that he converts our noisomnesse unto health and our sinnes being ill he turnes them unto our good that eternall Governour triumphs in the Chariot of his providence and if willingly we follow him then freely as his Souldiers if unwillingly we must follow him as captives and servants We see then here by Gods providence the Duke was contented to joyne his Army with the Kings Majesties Army being come to Wittenberg to goe Conjunctis viribus against their common enemy the house of Austria and the Catholique league It had beene good for Madeburg this union had beene sooner concluded but the Lord would not have it seeing their punishments by Generall Tillies Army their scourge was decreed long before But now the Duke of Saxon terrified by their example thinkes it better to prevent such another wound by joyning with his Majesty being made warie by others fall for it is better late to thrive then never and it is better to prevent evill then to suffer and it was better for the Duke of Saxon to blush in time then out of time to grow pale for now being taken at the rebound Tillies Army being at Lipsigh seing his own house on fire to be relieved he offers his service to his Majesty damning himselfe soule and body if ever he will forsake his Majesty and his Crowne if then he would but helpe him to beate the enemy out of his country againe So that he which could not be tied with one knot before is now hard tied by foure great points which he was made to condescend unto on his honour and credit to have bin kept unviolable And his Majesty getting him once thus bound the way to make him sure was to make him fight that having dipped his hands once in the bloud of his enemies he was not suddenly to be clensed and this was the manner to tye him harder then the custome was of old amongst the Germans who were wont when they entred in confederacy to draw bloud in a Goblet of both their browes and drinke of it mutually for the more strict observance of their fidelities to each others But shortly after this confederacy was made much German bloud was drawne and of other strangers bloud to make the tie so much the harder and before the tie was broke his Majesties bloud was shed to the perpetuall disgrace of him that after his Majesties death forgetting his honour and credit did violate his confederacy made with the crowne as with the King our Master of never dying memory The fifteenth Dutie discharged of our March over the Elve at Wittenberg to Diben THE Conjunction agreed upon betwixt his Majestie and the Duke of Saxon all things sealed and subscribed his Majestie gave Orders to breake up with the Armie and to crosse the Elve over the bridge at Wittenberg for to joyne with the Dukes Armie the orders were obeyed with great contentment and entering into Saxonie we quartered the first night not farre from Diben the place appointed for our Randez-vouz the next morning we marched thither and were drawne up in battaile on the Fields where in the after-noone the Dukes Armie arrived being drawne up in battaile within Cannon shot of us the whole Officers of our Armie were commanded to be in readinesse on horse-backe to convey his Majestie for to welcome the Duke and his Armie which for pleasing the eye was the most complete little Armie for personages of men comely statures well armed and well arraide that ever mine eyes did looke on whose Officers did all looke as if they were going in their best Apparell and Armes to be painted where nothing was defective the eye could behold This shew seene by his Majestie and his Officers his Majestie returning the Duke with his followers did convey his Majestie to the sight of our Armie which being called to their Armes having lyen over-night on a parcell of plowd ground they were so dusty they looked out like Kitchin-servants with their uncleanely Rags within which were hidden couragious hearts being old experimented blades which for the most part had overcome by custome the toyle of warres yet these Saxons gentry in their bravery did judge of us and ours according to our out-sides thinking but little of us neverthelesse we thought not the worse of our selves The ceremony past we were all remitted to take rest for that night in our former quarters the next morning by breake of day we were called up to march where both our Armies were ordained to march on severall streets one Randezvouz being appointed for us at night within a mile and a halfe of the enemies Armie where being come to our Randezvouz by foure a clocke in the after-noone and drawne up in battaile our guards drawne out to watch were directed to their Postes and then we resting by our Armes as we were in battaile we slept lying where we stood that in case of a Alarum we were not to be found in disorder being ready to fight where we stood Immediately after the Armie was setled in Quarters newes was come to his Majestie in poste that the Castle of Leipsigh was given over by accord to the enemy As also that Generall Tilly with a mightie and strong Armie was come a mile from Leipsigh and was preparing for a Fight which newes did no wayes alter his Majesties countenance being resolved before for the like to have sought him to Fight So that being both willing and so neare it was easie bringiâ—g them together our baggage was appointed to goe backe to Diben our horse and foote watches were strengthened and we were in readinesse and refreshing first our bodies with victualls we slept till the nâ—xâ— morning The fifteenth Observation NOthing earthly is more pleasant to be seene than to see brethren in Christ coâ—joyned against Gods enemies for advancing of the glory of God in promoting of his Gospell and for setting at libertie those poore soules our brethren in Christ that were kept long under the yoke and tyranny of the house of Austria and the Catholique League their mortall enemies Who would not then for their liberties that were banished that they might one day retire to their possessions who would not I say be willing yea more who would not rejoyce having such a Leader as Gustavus was to hazard their lives for the weale of the publique yea more for the promoting of Christs Gospell Surely for mine owne part I was most willing and wished long to have seene a day wherein I might hazard my life in this quarrell in being one of the number of Fighters before I did come at it for many reasons but especially for the libertie of the daughter of our dread Soveraigne the distressed Queene of Bohemia and her Princely Issue next for the libertie of our distressed brethren in Christ and thirdly for my better instruction in the profession of Armes which is my calling for having before seene many occurrences that did belong to our Calling I longed to
distribute the three thousand foote prisoners that were willing to take service under the Dutch Regiments Whereupon I approached unto his Majesty intreating his Majesty to consider the great losse our Regiment had sustained on all the former occasions of service that seeing we were become weake like to other Regiments Therefore his Majesty might be gratiously pleased to give order to Generall Bannier that I might have all the Britaines and Irish that were amongst the prisoners to strengthen our Regiment which his Majesty granting directed a Cavalier with me unto the Generall commanding I should have them I was overjoyed thinking to get a recreut of old Souldiers and the Cavalier having declared his Majesties will unto the Generall the Generall said with all his heart I should have them and when I had made tryall to finde out the number there were but three Irish amongst them all and being disappointed of a strong Recreut I did over-see those to follow their Camerades and being returned his Majesty asked me how I sped I told his Majesty Britaines were so farre addicted to his Majesty and the cause that few of them served the Emperour whereupon I intreated his Majesty for some Dutch but his Majesty refusing promised to put me and the Regiment alone upon an occasion where I should get not onely the prisoners but good booty also The next morning continuing our march towards Hall the most part of my folkes were commanded for the intaking of the Castle of Hall the party being commanded by the Colonell of the Artillery Captaine William Stewart Clare his brother then Captaine under our Regiment was commanded with the commanded men the Castle being taken by accord we did get fifty old Souldiers that tooke service under our Regiment His Majesty on the Sabboth day in the morning went to Church to give thankes to God for his by-past victories this church being the Bishops Cathedrall seate I did heare there sung the sweetest melodious musicke that could be heard where I did also see the most beautifull women Dutchland could affoord The next day the Duke of Saxon with a princely traine came unto Hall to congratulate his Majesties victory and was invited to sup with his Majesty where they made merry and the next day held counsell how to maintaine the warres and how they should prosecute their victory where it was concluded that his Majesty with his Army should advance towards Erford and then over Duringer Valt unto Franconia and that the Dukes Army should march unto Silezia and towards the Crantzis or Fronâ—iers of Bohemia After this conclusion his Majesty sent post unto Spruce to call the Chancellor of Sweden from thence to he at Hall as Legate for his Majesty to disburden him of the politicke affaires having burthen enough of the military employment and of the receiving and dispatching of forraine Ambassadors and till the Chancellors coming he did leave Colonell Winckle with a strong Garrison in Hall having wisely fore-seene both the way how to prosecute his victory as also to maintaine his Conquest The eighteenth Observation THIS great Army of Generall Tillies being defeated did seperate themselves in great Troopes and bands especially the foote who ought ever to stand well and fight with courage bouldly in field and not to suffer themselves to be rent though the horsemen should runne away and being they cannot runne so fast for their safeties my counsell then shall be ever to them to fight well for victory and though they should lose all hope of victory I would not have them to disbandon or scatter but rather to stand together till at last they might get honourable quarters for themselves rather then shamefully to be cut off in flying away Here we see that the foote Souldiers suffer ever the greatest losse in extremity and they have ever least gaines though most credit but we see his Majesty with clemency doth follow the example of the ancient Romans who of all victories thought that victory best which least was stained with bloud having given quarters and service to three thousand Emperiall Souldiers without drawing one drop of bloud Likewise we see here the continuance of his Majesties industry and diligence aswell in prosecuting his victory as he was valiant in obtaining of it in the one as in the other vindicating his owne honour and the honour of his noble friends shewing after the fury was past his clemency and meekenesse towards his enemies yet who ever was more valiant than he being ever in all his on-sets a Leader And as we see his Majesties valour and diligence in prosecuting his victory so we see also his care in supplying the weakenesse of his Army as a wise Generall should doe in not letting his enemies see the weakenesse of his Army which ought never to be knowne to those who would rejoyce at the same Likewise here I did observe a great thankefulnesse in a King in acknowledging openly in view of an Army the good service done by his servants wherein I did especially see his love to our Nation beyond all others that did serve him to make other Nations emulous of their glory in following of their vertues and though his Majesty used them here rather like unto friends then to servants it should not make them the more sawcy but rather the more humble as both Officers and Souldiers did verifie in promising the continuance of their faithfull obedience and of better service as the Lord would enable them on the next occasions Likewise we did see here how few of our Nation are induced to serve those Catholique Potentates and for my part I finde the reason good for if we have any enemies in Europe it must be those that would not onely overthrow our estates at home if they could but also would force us if it lay in their powers to make shipwracke of our consciences by leading us unto Idolatry Moreover we see here that his Majesty and the Duke of Saxon having once beene companions of danger together they were then entertaining one anothers familiarity in renewing of their friendship confirmed againe with the German custome in making their League the firmer by drinking brother-ship together where I having entred the Hall and being seene by his Majesty I was presently kindely embraced by houlding his Arme over my shoulder wishing I could beare as much drinke as old Generall Major Ruthven that I might helpe his Majesty to make his Guests merry and holding me fast by the hand calling to the Duke of Saxon declared unto him what service our Nation had done his Father and him and the best last at Leipsigh commending in particular to the Duke Colonell Hepburne and Lumsdell and having called Colonell Hepburne unto him he did reiterate the former discourse and much more in commendation of the Scots In the continuance of this warre in Germany as the sequell of the Story will prove from the Balticke coast unto the Alpes and Tyroll where Colonell Hepburne was sent out as Colonell to
downe the water towards Ashaffenburg a City and a Castle on the Maine belonging to the Bishop of Mentz where they had orders to remaine till his Majesties coming with the Army This march continued for five dayes where we had nightly good quarters by the way being in feare of no enemy we kept the whole march the Maine on our right hand our horsemen upon the left having had the Felt-marshall with his Army lying at Bambridge betwixt us and the enemy so that this march though in winter was not so troublesome unto us as their travelling is to them who journey in forraine countries for to see strange faces where they must needs lay out monies for their entertainment some of us on this march were well entertained and did get mony besides to spend at Francford Likewise when it behoved travellers to hire guides and sometimes to hire convoies for their safeties we had Gustavus a King under God our Leader and a powerfull Army to convoy us and at night the sweete and sociable society of our countrimen and strangers the one to season the other which made our march pleasant alongst the pleasant and fruitfull River of the Maine that runnes through faire Franconia into the Rhine at Mentz Having come with the Army the length of Hanow leaving Ashaffenburg behinde us we marched to Steinhem which presently we tooke in by accord where the most part of the Souldiers did take service which being done his Majesty did send unto the Lords of Francford desiring them for the well of the professours of the Evangell to take in a Garrison with a protestation if they refused to doe it willingly it behoved him otherwise to deale with them which was not his desire They having taken the proposition for two dayes in advisement his Majesty the sixteenth of November did let quarter the Army before their Ports in Offenback Ober and Nider Rode the next day they consented his Majesties Army should march through leaving six hundred men in Garrison in Saxenhowsen the Lords giving their Oath to secure the Garrison of Saxenhowsen of all dangers and on the seventeenth of November his Majesty with the whole Army in comely order marched alongst the bridge from Saxenhowsen through the Towne of Francford towards Hechst where there lay two miles off the Towne a Garrison of the enemies In this march through Francford such order was kept without any disorder as if it were the solemne procession of a King and his nobles in parliament every one admiring of his Majesties good order and discipline kept over his Army The nineteenth of November Hechst was taken in by his Majesty with accord where the Souldiers for the most part tooke service The next day the Army lying still in Dorpes his Majesty returned to Francford and met with the Landgrave of Hessen the Landgrave of Darmstat and with the Earles of the Vetâ—o where it was agreed amongst them for the defence of the Land to joyne in one confederacy where the Castle of Russelshem was given unto his Majesty by the Landgrave of Darmstat whereon two hundred Scots of Colonell Lodowick Lesly his Regiment were set under command of Captaine Macdowgall The nâ—xt day being the two and twentith of November his Majesty returned to Hechst againe and having put forth the Papists placing his owne Preachers on Sunday his Majesty thanked God that he had gotten in Francfort without bloud or stroake of sword His Majesty caused to set over a ship-bridge at Hechst and sent ships before Mentz to blocke it by water till his Majesty with the Army crossed the Maine and marched by Darmstat in the Bergstrasse of intention to have gone for Heidelberg but retiring downe neere the Rhine having quartered the Army his Majesty with a party did visit the Skonce of Openham and thereafter resolved to take it in The twenty second Observation THIS march being profitable as it was pleasant to the eye we see that Souldiers have not alwayes so hard a life as the common opinion is for sometimes as they have abundance so they have variety of pleasure in marching softly without feare or danger through fertill soyles and pleasant countries their marches being more like to a Kingly progresse then to warres being in a fat land as this was abounding in all things except peace they had plenty of corne wine fruite gold silver Iewells and of all sort of riches could be thought of on this River of the Maine where the Townes and pleasant Flects lie by the water not distant in many places halfe an English mile from one another being one of the pleasantest parts and wholesomest for ayre that I did see in all Germany having a great Traffique by water from thence unto the west sea by the Rhine running northward unto Holland This Towne of Francford is so pleasant for ayre situation buildings traffique commerce withall Nations by water and by land that it is and may be thought the Garden of Germany and consequently of Europe seeing no continent in Europe is comparable unto Germany for fertility riches corne wine traffique by land pleasant Cities faire buildings rare orchards woods and planting civility as well in the country as in the cities their Dorpes and Flects walled about The Boores inhabitants having their wines in Sellers set in great rife or plentifull as water to entertaine their friends in a bountifull manner especially alongst this pleasant River of the Maine Here at Francford is the Mart called the Francforter Masse whether the Marchants resort from all partes of Europe for the mutuall interchange of money and wares Hether also are brought twice in the yeare from all parâ—s of Europe the travells and bookes written by the learned of all sciences and of all controversies of Religion to be transported againe from thence for the use of other Kingdomes The inhabitants of Francford we see here are content to take in his Majesties Garrison in Saxonhousen without compulsion or losing of bloud and this kinde of conquest is the best conquest when we conquer more by love then by force where they by their timely yeelding preserved their Towne their buildings their orchards their houses of pleasure undestroied when others through their pride stoode out till they were punished by the ruine of their Townes the losing of their moveables as their gold their silver their rich cupboords their Iewells their ornaments their orchards their gardens in regard of their pride in time of their plenty But this City of Francford was made wise by the ruine of other Cities whose intemperate troubles made them moderate Thus concord is the mother of all happinesse in the Common-weale for she debarres enemies augments wealth makes the Cities sure without a guard and oftimes we see that those who contemne Peace seeking glory they lose both peace and glory Therefore the Lords of Francford did well in preferring good conditions of peace before an uncertaine war especially against such a Heroick King as Gustavus was then the Patriot
Protectour of their faith and Religion and consequently of their freedome and their countries freedome and for their rewards to my knowledge they were inriched three yeares together by the hant of the Army with the substance of the foure upper Circles of Germany which in th' end they rewarded with unthankefulnesse and doubtlesse will be punished for it sometime Here also we have the power of example for the Towne of Francford having taken his Majesty of Sweden for their Protector following their examples the two Landgraves Hessen and Darmstat with the Earles of the Veteraw desire also to be in the confederacy and were most gladly accepted of Vlme Nurenberg and Strasburg ended also their confederacy with his Majesty after the example of Francford promising supply of men money and victualls for the Army Amunition and horses for the Artillery with abundance of Armes for horse and foote with powder ball match waggons spades shovells Pikes mattockes axes and all other things fitting for the advancement of the warres Here was a greate conquest without stroake of sword shewing unto us the number of friends we get when fortune smiles on us but how soone this Heroicke Person is but once gone and that fortune beginneth to frowne then these variable friends quit their confederacy againe following the strongest for which one day the sword of their enemies will come amongst them with hunger and pestilence At this time the Queenes Majesty of Sweden was come to Statiâ— and from thence on her journey towards Francford Here also the Kings Majesty of Bohemia was come to visit his Majesty of Sweden and was Royally received by his Majesty as likewise by the Lords of Francford and was wonderfully well liked of by the whole Communalty of the Cities and Countries where ever his Majesty did come Here also the Marquesse of Hamilton did come unto his Majesty againe being followed like a Prince and well respected by both the Kings The Ambassadors of Britaine and of France were there also and the Rex-chancellor of Sweden being come with the Queenes Majesty and Sir Patricke Ruthvene come from Spruce were all made welcome to this Court then at Francford which was not inferiour to the Emperours owne Court in respect of great confluence of people that came from all parts to congratulate the Lyon of the north his victories and to admire his fortunes being so increased in two yeares time that all things succeeded happily unto his Majesty according to his owne hearts desire The twenty third Duty discharged of the intaking of the Skonce at Oppenham and his Maiesties crossing the Rhine HIS Majesty having viewed and well recognosced the Skonce on the Rhine over against Oppenham the River being interjected betwixt it and the Towne his Majesty did leade Colonell Hepburnes Briggad and Colonell Winckles being the blew with some cannon great and small before it where his Majesty did stay till the Batteries were made and the approaches begun then leaving the command on Colonell Hepburne with tempestuous cold weather with hard frosts and snow we lay downe on the fields having no shelter but some bushes by the side of the Rhine The Skonce was really fortified with Fossees that were broad deepe and full of water with a draw-bridge over the Moate and the Skonce was well beset with a thousand men and well provided of victualls fire and Amunition having free passage at their pleasure without danger from the Towne unto the Skonce and backe againe The Castle and the hill on the other side of the Rhine being mounted high their cannon from their batteries did cleanse and scowre the fields about the Skonce being a razed Champange and plaine without any shelter of their batteries on the other side they plagued us still with cannon especially in the night time while it behooved us to have fire which was their marke so that sundry were lost and one night sitting at supper a Bullet of thirty two pound weight shot right out betwixt Colonell Hepburnes shoulder and mine going through the Colonells Coach the next shot kill'd a Sergeant of mine by the fire drinking a pipe of Tobacco This night the enemy made an out-fall to try his valour thinking to beate us from our cannon but he was bravely repulsed by push of Pike slightly esteeming of their muskets and scorning to use ours with sharpe points of pikes conveied them home to their Craffe The next day in the morning knowing his Majesty had crossed the Rhine they did capitulate with Colonell Hepburne who did give them being Italians more honourable quarters then in truth their carriage did deserve having got licence to march out Bag and Baggage with full Armes with a convoy to the next Garrison they being marched his Majesty having crossed the Rhine in the night where the Spaniard made some resistance but in vaine his Majesty having got over the next morning he marched towards Openham in the Paltz on the one side of the Towne and we setting over also we pursued the Towne and the Castle on the other side but Sr. Iames Ramsey his musketiers being led by their Major finding a privy passage about the Castle they stormed over the walles coming betwixt the outward Skonce and the castle and finding the draw-bridge downe on a sudden they entered the Castle and put all to the sword the rest of the enemy finding the Castle to be in they runne all to storme the Skonce on which were nine Companies of Italians with their colours their Officers finding the castle surprized behinde them and the storme going on before them they threw downe their Armes calling for quarters which was granted but their colours taken from them they willing to take service were all disposed by his Majesty to Sr. Iohn Hepburne who was not only a Colonell unto them but a kinde Patron putting them in good Quarters till they were armed and clad againe But their unthankfulnesse was such that they stayed not but disbandoned all in Bireland for having once got the warme ayre of the Summer they were all gone before Winter The twenty-third Observation HERE then we see that it is the dutie of all wise Generals of intention to beleaguer Citie Fort or Strength first to recognosce and having once recognosced then to proceed as they finde most advantagious for the Beleaguerer and disadvantagious for the assailed the pursuer must know what number of men are requisite for the pursute as well offensive as defensive In this point of recognoscing his Majesties judgement was wonderfull as in all other practicall duties fitting a great Commander and as his Majesties judgement was great and good so he was of that minde nothing in this kinde could be well done which he did not himselfe neither could his Majestie abide at such times as he went to recognosce any other to accompany him in the danger other reasons doubtlesse His Majestie had which were onely privie unto himselfe This point how necessarie it is for a great Commander to be judicious
last they were setled on secondary conditions of a new League offensive and defensive At this time the Fâ—lt-marshalâ— Gustavus Horne tooke in Mergenhem on the Sawler streame Hailburne on the Necker Wmpviniphen and Necker Olin. Likewise Kunickstene in the Vetro was taken in by accord after Mentz as also the Spaniard left Vieitzler and Geylhousen leaving them both unto the Sweden without shot of Musket or Cannon His Majesty at this time caused publish an Edict where all Marchants of whatsoever Religion or Nation they were of should be free to passe and repasse with their goods to the Francforder Masse and that none of his Majesties Army of whatsoever condition they were either of horse or foote should trouble them under paine of death where the concealer of the wrong being got notice of should be punished to death as the Actor Likewise the twelfth of Ianuary Babenhousen was taken in by accord by his Majesties order and direction and in the end of December Manhem was taken in by Duke Barnard of Wymar having surprized their guards where about two hundred and fifty were cut off of the strangers and quarters and service given to the Dutch where a Captaine and his Ensigne were taken prisoners and let loose againe for the paiment of their Ransome and being come to Heidelberg they were executed by the Governours direction there for over-seeing their duties and these of the League lying at Heidelberg were mightily troubled with the neerenesse of the Swedens neighbour-hood having gotten Manhâ—m their passage unto the Rhine was altogether cut off from them Likewise the Spaniard did quit Garmarsham and retiring to Franckendale they had no more in the Paltz but that and Heidelberg His Majesty wonderfully having gotten in Creutznach and the Castle Where the valorous courage of my Lord Craven a Noble and worthily renowned English Lord was to his great commendation taken notice of by both the Kings For he out of affection and desire to advance the cause following his Majesty of Bohemia of worthy memory at the storming of the workes at Creutznach in sight of his Majesty of Sweden leading up his Company of Voluntiers to the good example of others gave outward testimony of his inward courage in so much that his Majesty of Sweden and all the beholders openly extolled his Lordships noble praise-worthy carriage for having endeavoured so farre as lay in him on this exploit to make his memory out-live himselfe As afterward his Lordship did shew his prowesse Heroicke spirit at the intaking of Donavert Where he did merit so much that I having reason to have said more could say no lesse His worth being knowne his affection to the cause his respects to his Majesty of Bohemia whom he followed merits a well deserving reward from his Majesties Royall Issue Before Creutznach Lievetenant Colonell Talbot was killed and the worthy Captaine Dowglas was shot in the arme Colonell Alexander Ramsey was placed Governour of Creutznach by his Majesty of SwedeÌ„ as a beginning of reward for his old service attendance who loved nothing better than nobly and kindly to entertaine his friends and strangers being the common receptacle and refuge of all his Country-men that liked to honour him with their company As also he was most willing to entertaine and respect strangers of the best quality and most of all he was peremptory in maintaining his Countries credit obliging all Cavaliers to his power but most unwilling to be beholden to others carrying still a noble minde At this time his Majesty being in Mentz Bingen Baghâ—rach on the Rhine and Shaule were taken in by Scalade with a surprise by the Scots of Sir Iames Ramseys Regiment where those within were thrice stronger than those pursued them but being once entred the Towne the Inhabitants assisting the Scots they put all to the sword except the Officers that were taken Prisoners by Major Hanan a Gentleman of much worth valour and discretion in Command whose losse was much lamented he having died soone after of a Consumption was much regrated of all his acquaintance and of my selfe in particular being my old Camerade At this time also the Towne of Spier came under his Majesties protection and devotion and leavied three Companies for his Majesties service Landaw also and Crowneweâ—senburg did become good Swedens Landstall was taken in also by storme through the helpe of the Country Boores shortly after was Elwangen Oberwesell Papart and Lovensteene taken in by accord Also the Castle of Erenfells and the Towle-house over against Bingen was taken in by the Landgrave of Hessens folke By this time was Damets in Maclenburg given over by Accord unto Generall Major Lowhowsen as also Wesmer on the Baltick Coast was taken in by Accord the tenth of Ianuary 1632. And the Garrison marched out three thousand strong being commanded by Colonell Grame who having buried some Cannon robbed the shippes and tooke away against Accord a number of Armes Likewise on his march unto Silesia he killed a Swedens Lievetenant but being followed the Swedens at the command of Generall Tott Generall Major Lowhowsen having ovâ—rtaken them five hundred were killed and two thousand taken prisoners that tooke service and Colonell Grame was sent prisoner to Gripswald to remaine there till further tryall By this time also Generall Tott his Army marched over the Elve towards Luneburg being neere foureteene thousand strong of foote and horse under whom were severall Scots Regiments come from Scotland the Harvest before viz. Sir Iames Lumsdells Regiment to whom Robert Stewart was Lievetenant Colonell The Master of Forbesse his Regiment to whom Sir Arthur Forbesse was Lievetenant Colonell Sir Frederick Hamiltons Regiment to whom Alexander Cunningham was Lievetenant Colonell Colonell Astins English Regiment to whem Vavezer was Lievetenant Colonell Colonell Monro of Obstell his Regiment to whom Iohn Monro was Lievetenant Colonell and a Squadron of English commanded by Lievetenant Colonell Mon-Gorge being the Remainder of Sir Thomas Conwayes Regiment and Colonell Robert Lesly his old Regiment of Scots Generall Tott his Army being over the Elve Colonell Ryneaker and Curmago did gather all the Emperialists and those of the League out of all other Garrisons towards Stoade and Bukstihoode to defend themselves where leaving them to some other penne to write of I returne to the Rhine His Majesty being making preparation towards the Danube to visit the Byerforst and Tillie where I minde to follow out my march our idle time being almost spent His Majestie did write unto the States of Holland to draw sooner unto the fields than their custome was to hinder the Spaniards from sending forces unto Dutchland which letters mooved the States to give out Edicts that all Regiments and Companies should be complete under paine of cashiering to draw to the fields against the first of March By this time his Majesty of France having a strong Army together on the borders of Dutchland the Catholique League did what they could to put his Majestie of France by
more and rare to be seene his Majesty of Bohemia in person came unto him to offer him assistance Royall in leavying of an Army for himselfe and was refused 〈◊〉 am willing other Armies should be in Dutchland to be participant of his glory but his owne Where we see Fortunes Favourit laught on by the world but how soone againe Fortune begun to frowne on his successour who having got but one Buffet all men would kill him his friends nomine tenus aswell as his enemies Where we see cleerely that there is no friend in adversity except it be a friend in Christ who will never forsake or leave us This then is the friendship we should make to league and confederate with our brethren in Christ with whom we have unity in Faith if that we would have our friendship durable and constant others will change as the winde blowes plenty or penury upon us being but temporary friends as many of the Dutch are but our brethren in Christ will never totally leave us no not in our greatest wants and extremity of Fortune Which should make us choose such and to live and dye with such fighting for them and their liberties who will never leave us though death sever us but after death they will prove constant friends to our successours as the Germans did not to the Chancellor of Sweden if they succeede unto us in the true and undoubted Faith And to verifie this I can beare witnesse that though the enemy did keepe our brethren in Christ that were in the Pultz under ten yeares bondage Neverthelesse that bondage nor the tyranny used unto them by their enemies made them never forget their fidelity and love to their King and Prince neither yet could their tyranny make them forsake or renounce their faith in Christ but as they continued true â—o God so were they faithfull in their love to their King and Master not only to his Majesty but also shewed their love and kindnesse unto us being his Majesties friends whom they knew to be one in faith with themselves And therefore they were ever ready and willing to undergoe alike danger with us against our common enemies as doth witnesse their assistance given to the Scots of Sir Iames Ramseys Regiment having Conjunct is viribus beaten their enemies on divers occasions The Kings Majesty of Sweden though before this time none of the greatest Kings yet in this warre having begun with a little Army of ten thousand strong in three yeares time he grew so great that he was carelesse of the threatning of the great King of France having entertained then in readinesse foure Armies at once his owne which he led himselfe under which I was still The Felt-marshall Gustavus Hornes Armie Generall Totts Army on the Wazer and the Marquesse of Hamiltons Army with whom Banier was joyned on the Elve These foure Armies his Majesty commanded alike and at one time having the Emperour the King of Spâ—ne the Catholique League and the Duke of Bavier his enemies And though the Duke of Saxon had an Army apart yet his Majestie would not suffer the King of Bohemia the Duke of Lunenburg the Land grave of Hessen nor the Dukes of Wâ—mar to lead Armies in Dutchland but as Subalternes to his Command And I thinke he had reason for if his Majestie of Bohemia had had an Armie in the fields it behooved the Swedens to have beene subalterne to the Dutch and Scots who were then strong in the fields in commanding strangers as they did their owne Country-men Notwithstanding of all these forces led and commanded by his Majestie of Sweden we see that the Empire is like a depth without a bottome that cannot be sounded For though they lost severall Battailes their power was so great that incontinent they made up Armies againe one after another for the space of twentie yeares together so that with difficultie they made the body of the Empire to stand though the wings were very neere clipped by his Majestie of Sweden who in three yeares time subdued the most part of the Empire and with his owne little Armie in one Winter freed the Paltz of the Spanish Forces except Heidelberg alone on which occasions those of our Nation that followed his Majestie shewed both their valour and their love especially those of my Lord Spence his Regiment seconded well by those of my Lord Rhees Regiment and Sir Iames Ramseys worthy Regiment were well seconded by Colonell Lodowicke Lesâ—yes Regiment which formerly were Sir Iohn Hamiltons These foure Regiments of foote having followed his Majesties owne person in all occasions were worthy their deeds should be Registred to all posteritie Other six Regiments of Scots under Generall Tott and two of English being yonger in the service than the former foure were also shorter of continuance whose actions I cannot relate but by Information Therefore I will be sparing lest I should derogate from their worth or oversee my selfe At this time also there were a great many worthy Cavaliers of our Nation under his Majestie who for their long experience and valour had attained to the honour not onely to be trusted before others with Governments but also were honoured in commanding of strangers both Dutch and Swedens whereof some were employed in Dutchland some in Sweden some in Liffeland and some in Spruce all alike serving their Master to his minde where he liked best to make use of them for the weale and advancement of his service Sir Patricke Ruthven Generall Major and Governour of Vlme Colonell over Dutch to foote and to horse Sir Alexander Lesly Generall Major and Governour over the whole Cities alongst â—he Balticke Coast Sir David Drummond Generall Major and Governour of Statin over a Regiment of Swedens Sir Iohn Hepburne Colonell over the Scots Briggad Generall Major King Colonell to horse and foote of Dutch Colonell Carrâ— Colonell to foote of Scots Sir Iohn Ruthâ—â—â— Generall Major Colonell of Dutch Colonell Robert Monro of Fowles Colonell to foote and to horse over Dutch The Earle of Crawford Colonell to foote oâ—er Dutch Colonell Baily Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell Ramsey Governour of Creâ—â—snough and Commander of Dutch Colonell Alexander Hamilton Colonell of Scots Sir Iames Ramsey Colonell of foote over Scots Sir William Ballentine Colonell over English Colonell Dowglas Colonell of Dutch horsemen Colonell Hâ—me Colonell of Dutch horsemen Colonell Alexander Lâ—sly the younger Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell Iohn Lesly Colonell to foote over Scots Colonell William Gunne Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell Kiâ—â—iâ—mond Colonell of Swedens Colonell Hugh Hamilton Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell 〈◊〉 Forbesse and his brother both Colonells to foote over strangers Colonell Iohn Forbesse Colonell to foote over Dutch Colonell Alexander Forbesse called the bald Colonell to foote over Dutch which all with the former twelve Regiments were employed severally upon the Dutch bottome during his Majesties time and since to the great credit of their Nation as likewise other Cavaliers of them were
of Daâ—berg where Lievetenant Colonell Buckoy that had the command of the Emperialists was sore wounded a Rut-master of the Câ—abbats and a Lievetenant was kill'd and aboue twenty six Souldiers besides a hundred and thirty were taken prisoners The newes came to his Majesty on our march which we continued from Winsâ—n on Wolmersdoâ—ffe and from thence the next day being the twentith of March to Furt a passe on the River of Pegnâ—ts a mile from Nurenberg where the Army lay but one night so long as his Majesty did visit Nurenberg and the next day our march continued towards a little Towne called Schawbach where his Majesty rested the Army two dayes till that the Duke of Wymars forces with Generall Banier coming from During were come within one dayes march of us his Majesties intentions being towards Donavert on the Danube where my Cozen Fâ—â—les with both his Regiments joyned with us His Majesty of Sweden accompanied with the King of Bohemia and Palsgrave Augustus and divers Princes more before their coming to Nurenberg they were met by the Lords of the Towne with a great convoy on horsbacke and were most nobly welcomed where the whole inhabitants were overjoyed at the sight of his Majesty of Sweden but chiefely their affections most abundantly did extend towards his Majesty of Bohemia which is impossible for any tongue to expresse But well I know my eyes did see their eyes shedding teares of joy being overjoyed with the sight of two Kings at once as they thought sent by the King of Kings for their reliefes and to make their welcome the more respected the whole City Burgers and Souldiers were in their brightest Armes and being conveyed unto the City they were sumptuously banqueted and in testimony of their love they gifted unto his Majesty of Sweden foure halfe Cartowes with all furniture belonging to them together with two silver Globes one Coelestiall the other Terrestiall there were also presented unto him drinking Credence many with some Antiquities that were rare and with all testifying their affection in way of complement they assure his Majesty that not only with words but with their whole estate they were ready to serve the common cause to die and live with his Majesty in the defence of the publique His Majesty thus taking leave of Nurenberg promises to continue their friend and shewes them he was to goe with his Army towards the Danow streame to see how to get a passe over the Danow for to visit the Duke of Bavier and he hoped he would make Tilly with his Army to retire thence But Tilly finding his Majesties Army growing still stronger and stronger he retired backe unto the upper Palatinat and from thence he crossed the Danow to joyne with the Duke of Bavaria to hinder our coming unto Bavaria being then of his owne forces neere eighteene thousand men foote and horse But many of them were new leavied folkes and the Duke of Bavaria had also a strong Armie together but for the most part they were such as could not indure the noise or whisling of the Cannon Bullets By this time Grave Henry William Fonselins being shot in the leg before Bamberg was departed at Swineford of a burning fâ—aver contracted through the paine of the shot whose death his Majestie of Sweden did much lament The twenty-seventh Observation THE fifth of March 1632. his Majestie having left sure footing in the Paltz with a bridge over the Rhine and the Mayne where it enters into the Rhine where also was begunne as the Trophee of his victorie the foundation of a Citie and strength called Gustavus-Burg Then in the beginning of the Spring we sprung forth from the Rhine towards the Danow streame being on this march royally accompanyed by his Majestie of Bohemia whom his Majestie esteemed of as of himselfe in all quartering ordaining his quarters before his owne continuing the march through Franconia in suretie having the yeere before freed that whole circle from the enemie so that the Iâ—habitants had given their Oaâ—h of fealtie unto His Majestie This March was pleasant through a plentifull Countrie at this time being a prâ—gresse befitting two Kings with a Royall Armie and forces from other partes joyning with us as we drew neere our enemies we made all sure behinde us both for our Retreates in case of neede as also for the safetie of those were to come after us and thirdly for the furnishing our Armie in Amunition and victuals to be brought unto us in case of want His Majestie here being of intention to get a passe over the Danow having before made the Towne of Vlme sure for his retreate for the more abundance his Majestie resolved to have the passe of Donavert being the right passe betwixt Nurenberg and Ausburg Before Tillyes Armie could joyne with the Duke of Baviere his Majestie resolved it was not best to give them time but with celeritie concluded to march towards them knowing it was but follie and madnesse to stay till they were joyned and the Duke of Baviere being assured of his Majesty comming to visit his Countrie he closed the passes the best â—e could both Donavert Rhine and Ratisbone And as he did beset well the frontier Garrisons before his Majesties comming he also very circumspectly betimes tooke all victuals out of his Majesties way towards Engolstat as a wise Commander ought to doe where he made his Magazin being the onely part he was assured of for his retreate and such a parte as he knew well we were not able to get without treason and then being assured he had time to provide an Armie to oppose his Majesty himselfe not being taken unawares It is the dutie of all good Commanders at their downe lying and uprising from quarters to be very carefull to prevent fire seeing thereby the whole Armie may be endangered by the losse of men Amunition Armes and Artillery and since such losse is irrecoverable our care should be the greater to avoyde the hurt And therefore Order should be given to all Guardes to make diligent roundes over the Quarters to prevent the like accidents and to give Orders to the Gavilliger and his servants to oversee all fires and to see them quencht at all upbreakings and dislodging otherwise the enemy being neere great inconvenience might happen and if any enemy at such times trusting to our disorder should offer to invade us finding the contrary it were easie to beate them backe as also it were a fit time to try their valour they being more than halfe afraid But I will advise all you that desire to gaine credit to seeke out your enemy rather than to stay his comming unto you and by this meanes haply you may set up your Trophees in his owne Country to speake to posteritie as doth Gustavus-Burg betwixt the Maine and the Rhine The twenty-eight Dutie discharged of our March to Donavert for the In-taking of it THE twenty-fourth of March his Majestie with the Armie continued the march from Schwabach towards
a little skirmish made with horse in the Feilds retired over the water casting off the Bridge behinde them they escaped having left a weake Garrison of foote in the Towne and Castle to make an Accord for keeping the Towne unplundered which was suddenly agreed on so that before night we were quartered in the Towne the enemy being retired where divers of our Briggad made bootie worth their paines The next day his Majestie hearing we had taken in the Towne did breake up with the Armie towards Memmungen leaving Orders for foâ—â—â—e Felt-marshall to joyne with the Armie at Freisingen having got moneyes for his Majestie both from Landshut and the Bishopricke of Freisingen for keeping them unplundered Hohnwart Pfafenhowen being two walled Townes with the Abbacie of St. Morris and the Abbacie of St. George were also brought under Contribution where the Boores on the march cruelly used our Souldiers that went aside to plunder in cutting off their noses and eares hands and feete pulling out their eyes with sundry other cruelties which they used being justly repayed by the Souldiers in burning of many Dorpes on the march leaving also the Boores dead where they were found A strong partie of the Dukes Souldiers thinking to have surprized the Swedens in their quarters they fell themselves in the ditch that they prepared for others so that very few of them escaped with life out of the Swedens hands By this time also Weysenburg not farre from Nurenberg was taken in by the Dukes Forces having got some Cannon from the Castle of Weiltzburg Neverthelesse the Swedens Garrison behaved themselves valourously in making an honourable Accord though those Papists unworthily brake their promise for those that would not willingly serve were cut downe and the Towne by condescending was also plundered their wives and children were abused and the Burgomasters and Preachers were taken prisoners unto Engolstat and the Ports of the Towne they razed and burnt The thirtieth Observation IN this Expedition as in all the former his Majesties wisedome and diligence is praise-worthy for prosecuting his victories so orderly on the hot sent as the cunning Hunter doth his prey in giving one sweat after another till he kill or derne in putting the Fox in the earth and then hooke him out or starve him Likewise His Majestie also very wisely advancing within his enemies Country First made the passes sure behinde him in case of Retreate or of scarcitie of Amunition or victualls most prudently he left Generall Ruthven at Vlme as Governour being his Magazin-place and surest retreate being also made certaine of the Duke of Wittenbergs friendship who in necessitie was able to furnish him with a great supply of men moneys victualls and Amunition for his Armie being then one of the most powerfull Princes within Germany As also his Majestie having got Ausburg under subjection â—e very wisely left a part of his Armie to subdue the adjacent Cities in Schwabland to helpe his Contribution as Memmungen Pibrach Brandenburg on the River Elâ—e as also Midaleham Kaâ—ffbire and Kempten on the Leacke and Elve and that by the industry and diligence of Generall Major Ruthven with the rest of the young Cavaliers of the Scots Nation that followed him such as Colonell Hugh Hamilton Colonell Iohn Forbesse Lievetenant Colonell Gunne Lievetenant Colonell Mongomerie Major Ruthven Major Brumfield and divers other Scots Captaines such as Captaine Dumbarre that was killed by the Boores neere Vlme who all were obliged to Generall Ruthven not onely for their advancements but also for their meanes which they made in short time beyond their fellowes who had served longer by reason their lot was to have fallen in a fat soyle that abounded in riches and as their service to his Majestie was faithfull and loyall so his Majestie was liberall and bountifull in advancing them to titles of honour As also in bestowing on them Cadoucks and casualties to inrich them more than others whose fortunes were not to be so rewarded though their deservings were no lesse so that being rich in credit they care not for the want of abundance of externall things being inwardly contented through their vertue Here also we see that as his Majestie was circumspect for his retreate even so he was fore-seeing for the safetie of his Armie in not hazarding to ingage it too farre with disadvantage against the Dukes Armie and the strong Citie of Engâ—lstat being the best Strength for one within the Empire Neverthelesse having once recognosced the Citie he would not leave it till he had showne his resolution and left his intrenchment as the tokens of his worth in hazarding to beleaguer it having an Armie to second them and while as his Majesties horse was shot under him he said it did put him in minde he was but mortall and subject to mischances as others and therefore he knew no better remedie but to resigne himselfe and all his to the providence of the Almightie and that he was perswaded that though God should call him out of the world yet the Lord would not abandon his owne Cause being so just but he was assured God would stirre up some other worthier than he to put a period to those warres for the libertie of Gods service in Dutchland and withall he tooke God to witnesse he had no other intention in prosecuting those warres but onely to pull downe the tyranny of the house of Austria and to obtaine a solid and a setled peace unto all men that were interessed in the quarrell Where by this his speech we see that as he was a brave and a valourous King so he was wise at this time in preserving himselfe and his Armie from losing them before such a strong Citie As also we see that the Conditions of mortall men have their changes common unto them that oft-times they are crossed by contrary fortunes as formerly they did prosper and the Lord doth hide the causes of both from us to spurre us ever to seeke to his Majestie in doing good and those good of themselves as this just King was who notwithstanding had need of Gods direction in all his wayes and enterprises which should make us all earnest in seeking the Lord to direct us in all our wayes seeing of our selves we are not able to doe any thing that is good neither ought we to ascribe any thing of our prosperous successe or fortune unto our selves being but the Lords servants and instruments he useth as weake meanes of his glory and the well-fare of his Church on earth Our daily delight should be then to learne wisedome out of the actions of others and like the Bee that makes the honey to converse amongst good company that we may savour at least of their goodnesse following the footsteps of this Heroick and godly King fructifying ever during our life times unto all sort of well-doing till such time as we may end with glory living after death Moreover here we see his Majestie though on a march not neglective to discharge
that last and honourable dutie to the corps of that noble and worthy Cavalier the Markgrave of Turlagh and Bawden by making the whole Armie to give two Salves of Cannon Musket and Pistoll in comely order as the Custome is at such times where it is to be regrâ—ted how oft-times death doth prevent the expected goodnesse of many a brave fellow as this young Cavalier was the worthy sonne of a worthy Father who carried divers times the title of a Generall Here also I would exhort by the way all worthy Souldiers who aime at credit never to give themselves to mouze or plunder aside from the Armie lest they be punished in dying ignominiously by the hands of cruell tyrants as the ignorant Papist-Boores that have no more knowledge of God than to tell over their Beads being taught as their best devotion and knowledge of the mysteries of God tending to salvation to glory in their ignorance which makes many of them to commit any wickednesse whatsoever to winne damnation to themselves being once commanded by a Priest that can make the poore ignorant beleeve that to doe wickedly is the way to heaven Who cannot then see how detestable this Doctrine is that gives people libertie to commit all villany and then to assure them of pardon for it The use then we should make of this who professe another truth is to abhorre their examples of life as we doe their doctrine seeing wee should know that no crime before God is so abominable as to glory in sinne for where sinne groweth there groweth also the punishment And he that sinnes openly with an out-stretched necke as these villaines did in Wisenburg in sight of God and before the Sunne and the world they offended double teaching others by their example to sinne Happie therefore is the man who delights not in sinne but happier is he that glories not in sinne yea happiest of all that continues not in sinne but repenteth of the evill done and ceaseth to doe so any more The thirty one Duty discharged of our Expedition unto Munchen and of our abode there BEing retired from Landshut a pretty little Towne and Castle in Bavaria lying on the Eiser we continued our march after his Majesty and marched towards Frising where we joyned with his Majesty and incamped over night in the fields where his Majesty had intelligence that Wallestine with a strong Army was on his march towards the upper Paltz which made his Majesty make the greater haste to visit Munchen the Duke of Bavaria his chiefe Towne of residence having made the Bishop of Frising pay fifty thousand Dollers and promise contribution beside out of the whole Bishopricke and continuing our march the sixth of May towards Munchen on our way the Commissioners from Munchen did come and salute his Majesty offering all kinde of submission for to spare from plundering of their City and from ruinating of their houses and policy His Majesty lying over night in the fields within halfe a mile of the City his Majesty commanded Colonell Hepburne with our Briggad to march away and to make the Circuit of the Towne to lie over-night at the bridge that went over the Eiser with his Briggad to guard the bridge that none should passe or repasse till his Maiesties coming to the Towne which accordingly we obyed and guarded the bridge till the next morning his Maiesty encamped the whole Army without the Towne marching in with our Briggad alone where Colonell Hepburnes Regiment had the watch on the market place and the guarding of the Ports his Maiesty of Sweden and the King of Bohemia being lodged on the Castle I was commanded with our Regiment and my Lord Spences Regiment led by Lievetenant Colonell Musten and ordained to lie in the great Courte of the Palace night and day at our Armes to guard both the Kings persons and to set out all Guards about the Palace where I was commanded with our whole Officers not to stirre off our watch having allowance of Table and diet for us and our Officers within his Maiesties house to the end we might the better looke to our watch and the command of all directions under stayers was put upon me being then Commander of the Guards where I had power over the whole offices belonging to the house and might have commanded to give out any thing to pleasure Cavaliers having stayed in this charge three weekes nobly entertained Here in Munchen the Boarish-Boares alleadged the dead were risen since before his Maiesties coming by the Dukes command the great cannon were buried side by side in the Magazin house whereof his Maiesty being made acquainted they were digged up out of the ground and carried away to Ausburg above one hundred and fourty peeces of Cannon great and small whereof there were twelve Apostles and other Cannon which formerly were taken from the Elector Palatine and the Duke of Brunswicke with their names and Armes on them of which one was found wherein there were thirty thousand Duckets of gold being a present for a King Likewise in this Magazin house there were found clothes and Armes ready to cloth an Army of ten thousand foote which helped our Army much many other rarieties were gotten in this house worth much mony which were transported away by both the Kings As also all the Dukes servants of his whole houshold were there that bare offices about the house and the house it selfe was as well replenished and furnished as any Kings Palace needed to be of all magnificent furniture for bed board and hangings which were sumptuous and costly Here also about this Palace were pleasant gardens fish-ponds water-workes and all things yeelding pleasure in the most splendid grandure that can be imagined with a pleasant Tennis-court for recreation where both the Kings sometimes did recreat themselves Moreover this house was so magnificently situated that for three miles about it there was such pleasant Hare hunting that sometimes we could see the Hares flocking together in troopes above twenty As also for the Princes pleasure there could be brought together in prospect of the Palace heards of Deare sometimes above five hundred at once and sometimes sâ—t pleasure a thousand to be brought together His Maiesty having remained here above a fort'night and getting intelligence of some turbulent uproares made by the Papists Boores in Schwabland his Maiesty leaving Generall Banier to command over the Army at Monchen his Maiesty with a strong party of horse and two Briggads of foote marched towards Memmungen in Schwabland and having presently stilled the uproâ—re he retired upon Ausburg and from thence to Munchen againe where his Majesty on a sudden taxed the Towne in a hundred thousand Rex Dolours which the Burgers and Clergy were willing to give his Majesty to keepe the City unplundered for which summe there were fifâ—y of the speciall Burgers and Clergy given as pledges unto his Majesty till paiment were made of the monies against a certaine day and to that effect the pledges
behave themselves valiantly for a time as I did heare his Majestie of Sweden give testimony of their valour alleaging if the Emperours Horsemen had behaved themselves like the foote his Majestie had not returned victorious for Sparre intending to have broken through his Majesties Horses the Crabats having runne away the rest of the Emperiall horsemen were overcome and then most part of their foote were cut downe Generall Major Sparre was taken prisoner with Gordoâ— and Lesly and were brought all three unto Nurenberg with three Cornets In obtaining this victory Colonell Ree was kill'd his Majestie after his death being forced to light from his Horse and command the Musketiers having skirmished well for an houre on both sides the praise whereof his Majestie did give to the Scots Cavalâ—ers that commanded the Emperialists to whom he promised before they were taken within-three dayes to let them loose againe Ransome-free Neverthelesse they were kept for five weekes with us their Country-men where we made merry as friends Here also in this Conflict was killed his Majesties Camerjounker called Boyen and an other Chamberman called Cratzistene that attended his Majestie About the ninth of August the Emperialists catched a great number of our Horses at forrage and waited on us so well that there was no more hopes to bring forrage unto the Leaguer so that many of our Horsemâ—â— for want of Horses were put to their feete till our succours were come unto us The thirty-fift Observation HEre we have two mightie Armies waiting to take advantages one of another being resolved for to gaine credit to endure all toyle and misery and they contemned all hazard and danger to winne glory to themselves being armed with courage and military vertue contemning spoyle and riches leaning to their vertue they delight in the warre being taught by discipline heartily to embrace povertie for their Mistresse and here the Souldier wearied is content to make the ground his bed to lie on as also making the first morsell that chances to his hand to satisfie his appetite and in stead of sleeping out the whole night he is contented with a nod nothing seeming impossible or impregnable unto his couragious and resolute minde glorying more in his contented povertie than others doe in their greatest riches for he thinkes he hath not to doe with gold being able to command his owne desires as the bravest Leaders and most valiant Captaines of Armies have ever made greater esteeme of honour and renowne than deceivable riches or of the spoyle of their enemies reserving glory and honour unto themselves they allowed the spoyle for the common Souldier hunting after an immortall name to leave behinde them after death rather than with the spoyle of others to be thought rich robbing themselves of a good name and their soule and conscience of eternall rest We see then that it is much better to contest with honest men for vertue and a good name than with the avaritious or niggard that hath come to an estate with the spoyle of his enemies or perhaps with the spoyle of his friends or worst of all by detaining their meanes from them who did serve valiantly for it with the losse of their bloud Such Conquests unlawfully made by some Officers are rather to be pittied than envied and I am of the minde he hath provided well for his wife children and friends that leaves an immortall name behinde him for himselfe and his after death rather than to leave them rich in the Devills name by unlawfull Conquest His Majestie of Sweden having had here but a weake Armie though expert in military vertue he resolved to weary the enemy having a strong and mightie Armie to be entertained with all sort of provision which must needs be brought from a farre out of Bavaria upon the Axell or Waggons being a labour of infinit paine and toyle to transport entertainment for fiftie thousand men daily and Corne for Horses such a farre way and having appointed their Magazin-house in the upper Paltz to weary them the sooner his Majestie very wisely as we see plotted the ruine of it to be effectuated by Colonell Dowbattle being knowne for a Cavalier of much worth that formerly had done his Majestie divers notable good services as at this time which made his Majestie to be the more carefull of his safe retreate in comming himselfe with a partie betwixt the enemy and him to be his second being no small honour where in the first Rancounter Colonell Ree was killed and then a little Captaine of the Leeffe Regiment throwing off his Doublet did valourously command supplying the place of the Colonell till such time as his Majestie tooke notice of his noble carriage and then lighted from his Horse taking the Command to himselfe Neverthelesse at his Majesties returne to Quarters he did give his own Pourtraict with a gold chaine to the Captaine and advanced him to a Lievetenant Colonells place for reward of his vertuous carriage in â—ight of his Master Colonell Ree being kill'd I being then the eldest Lievetenant Colonell under his Majesties Armie of foote having served three yeares before as Lievetenant Coâ—onell I sought of his Majestie as my due according to the custome then used that I might be made Colonell to Rees Regiment which his Majestie confessed openly to have been my due Neverthelesse on other considerations shewed by his Majestie unto me I was contented to give way to his Majesties will whereupon his Majestie urged me to be Colonell to the Regiment I had commanded so long in absence of my Lord of Rhees seeing his Lordship had advertised his Majestie he was not to returne to his Charge As also he had sent his Warrant under his hand unto me to deale with his Majestie to get the Regiment being weake to be made up for my selfe but I being desirous to have commanded strangers the other Regiment being strong and ours very weake my intention was to have joyned them both in one seeing at that time his Majestie would not admit me to recrue the Regiment from Scotland but having given me Patent as Colonell his Majestie assigned a Muster-place for me in Schwabland from whence I was to receive moneys to strengthen my Regiment being then but seven Companies to twelve and before the next Summer I made them up to ten Companies His Majestie having the eighteenth of August 1632 placed me Colonell over the Regiment at which time Major Iohn Sinclaire was placed my Lievetenant Colonell and Captaine William Stewart was made Major The thirty-sixt Dutie discharged of the joyning of our Armie with the Succours and of our service at Nurenberg THE sixteenth of August the succours being come from Saxon Hessen and During brought up by the Rex-chancellor Oxensterne and Duke William of Wymar being come together at Ventzhame the eighteenth at Aiorach and Prugg and the twenty-one at Furt by foure of the Clocke in the morning they presented themselves in Battaile before Furt where did lie above a thousand Emperialists
Paltz and Christs Gospell preached and the Sacraments duely administred which I saw and was partaker of singing thankes unto God for their deliverance He it was and none other under God who helped them to their liberties He it was and none other releeved Israell Notwithstanding whereof the unthankfulnesse of the people was so great that with my eares divers times I did heare some of them say he might as wel have stayed in his own country till they had sent for him so great was their unthankfulnesse Likewise they said if he had had much at home he had not come unto them over seas such a farre Iourney Was not this to recompence good with evill Was not this right the chiefe Butlers part that did not remember Ioseph but forgot him Was not this Ioas his part to Iehoida his Father O then this was the poisonable bullet of ingratitude of the people for which our King and Master was taken away Oh would to God the people had never bin so unthankfull that our King Captaine and Master had yet lived Moreover as these people were unthankfull so they were Godlesse many of them in the time of their troubles as I did behould oftimes with mine eyes a carelesse security amongst them thinking their victories were so frequent and their owne power so great they needed not the assistance of the Swedens nor of strangers and their pride was so great that disesteeming of strangers in their pride they led a life very insolent and deboist being given to the workes of the flesh adultery fornication uncleannesse lasciviousnesse idolatry c. In a word it was even amongst them as it was in the dayes before the flood as if the Lord had forgotten them or could not see their villany so it behooved God to have punished them by his Majesties death For in their hearts they said there was no God so that their mischiefe came on them unawares and this the peoples carriage caused his Majesties untimely death being shot the second time O would to God they had done otherwise and served God more truely that we might have had the presence and conduct of our Magnanimous King longer till the pride of Austria had bin more humbled and the whore of Babylon brought unto repentance of her Idolatries O would to God I could enough lament his death As also lament my owne sinnes and the wickednesse of the people that was the cause of this untimely death through their sinnes And his Majesties selfe also being a sinner as he himselfe oftimes confessed wishing that God would not lay to his charge the greate respect and reverence the best sort of the people did give unto him being but a sinfull man as they were for which he feared the Lord was angry with him shewing by his cōfession he did glory in nothing but in the Lord ascribing ever all his victories unto God and nothing presuming of himselfe For I dare be bould to say he was a man according to Gods minde if there was one on earth Such was our Master Captaine and King As was Abraham the Father of many so was our Master Captaine and King Was Noah in his time unreproveable So was our Master Captaine and King Was Iob in his sufferings patient So was our Master Captaine and King Was Ionathan true and upright in keeping his word So was our Master Captaine and King Was Iehosaphat in his warres penitent and busie craving the helpe of the Lord So was our Master Captaine and King Was Simeon good and full of the spirit So was our Master Captaine and King Was young Tobias mindfull all his dayes of the Lord in his heart and his will not set to sinne So was our Master Captaine and King like unto a stone most precious even like a Iasper cleere as Christall ever and ever And truely if Apelles with his skill in painting and Cicero with his tongue in speaking were both alive and pressed to adde any thing to the perfection of our Master Captaine and King truely the ones best Colours and the others best Words were not able to adde one shaddow to the brightnesse of his Royall Minde and Spirit So that while the world stands our King Captaine and Master cannot be enough praised Alas then it was our sinnes and the sinnes of the Army and the Land was the cause of our punishment in losing of him with that unhappy last bullet of the three shot through his head who was the head of us all under God our Father in Christ that did undoe us it was we I say that sinned against the Lord and his Anointed It was our misdeedes did thus grow over our heads that made us lose our Head and Leader Woe woe then to us that left the Lord till we made the Lord take him from us that was our guard and comforter under God in all our troubles What then ought we to doe that one day we may raigne with him in glory While it is to day we must cast off the workes of darknesse and embrace the light in newnesse of life repenting of the evill and turning away from our wickednesse by repentance not like unto Cain not like unto Saul not like unto Achitophell not like to Iudas Iscariot who all doubted but like those of Nineve in dust and ashes to fast and pray beleeving in the Lord and with David to say We have sinned against thee and against the Heavens be mercifull unto us o Lord like unto Peter let us ô Lord Weepe bitterly let us then repent and beleeve the Gospell beleeve yea and turne to the Lord with all our hearts with fasting and praying and mourning with Saul that said Thou art more righteous then I in shewing me good for evill much more ought we to lift up our voices and with teares of repentance mourne for the losse of our Master Captaine and King through our sinnes and unthankfulnesse Therefore to day while we have time let us acknowledge our sinnes before the Lord and repent lest a worse come unto us and that then we be cast into prison till that we pay the last farthing for if the Lord spared not his owne Sonne who was blamelesse and without sinne while he tooke on him our sinnes what shall then become of us No otherwise but except we turne from our sinnes we must also die the death Let us not then close our eares as at Meriba and at Massa in the wildernesse but with the forlorne Child cry Father we have sinned against thee and against heaven and are not more worthy to be called thy Sonnes Lord therefore be mercifull unto us and enter not into judgment with us Then let us all weare mourning and lament the death of the valiant King Gustavus Adolphus while we breath Yet what helpe Res est irrevocabilis et quod factum est infectum fieri nequit what is done cannot be recalled and should we mourne like unto those who have no hope Farre be it from us seing it
inward gifts of the minde for if thou desirest to be a Souldier of Christ thou must be adorned with all vertues that inwardly thou mayest be such as outwardly thou doest appeare unto the world Thou must then learne to mortifie those vices to which thou art most subject taking accompt of thy selfe how thou hast resisted vice and what good thou hast done and say then when thou findest thou hast done nothing that is good Lord make us every day to renounce sinne and resist vice that our love and zeale to thee may be inflamed to well-doing even in the greatest extremity of adversity II. When thou seest the Kings Majesty thy Master or his Generall coming to looke on the battaile when all Front towards the King with due respect and reverence thinke then againe with thy selfe and say as for me it is good to draw neere unto thee O Lord for thou art my King and my God thee alone will I worship and love make me happy in thy love and for thy sake I will despise all things for thou art the strength of my head and my portion for ever for through hope we attaine unto thee by Faith III. When thou seest thy Camerads knitting all things about them handsome and fast before they march say thou then knit mine heart unto thee O Lord that I may feare thy name for he that loveth not thee must quake and feare and it is a fearefull thing to fall into thy hands for thy coming unto Iudgment is terrible thy roaring is like a Lyon and thy Sword a consuming fire no place can hide man from thy presence thou seest the heart and the Reines no secret is hid from thee and who can escape thy vengeance None except they repent Lord therefore save me from that bitter death and give me grace to repent that I may bewaile my misery before I depart IIII. When thou art entred in the troublesome way of thy march and sufferest toyle travell heate cold hunger thirst nakednesse perill being called to labour and to suffer and not to live in pleasure and idlenesse say then my sorrow O Lord is ever before me for in me dwelleth no good I offend day by day and which is worse I cannot repent sinne increaseth and the Fountaine of grace is stopped and I finde no comfort Say then againe O Lord spurre me and whip me with thy Rod before I perish and reserve not thy punishment lest at last I shall be made to pay the uttermost farthing Lord therefore create a new heart within me that I may prepare a habitation for thee to rest in a cleere conscience O Lord for thy Sonne Christs sake suffer me not to goe away empty for with thee is mercy and great redemption therefore I will be comforted whilst thou givest me time to amend my life V. When thou seest thy Camerads for love of credit and the favour of their Officers making no difference betwixt faire and foule way but with patience induring all toile to come to the end of their march thinke then with thy selfe that after this manner of old the servants of Christ for the favour and love of God and of his glory did serve the Lord in hunger and thirst in cold in nakednesse in watching and fasting in prayers in meditations in manifould persecutions and troubles contemning all pleasurs for Christ they sought the glory of God more then their owne fame Lord therefore make us contemne and slight all things for the love of Christ altering from vice to vertue mortifying our lusts that we may become Souldiers of Christ loving nothing so much as God and the salvation of our soule VI. When thou seest thy Camerade fix in his Armes and well exercised with Pike Musket and Sword then thinke with thy selfe that thy duty is to trust in the Lord and to doe good that thou mayest dwell in the land and beâ—â—ed â—ssrâ—dly thy delight must be in the law of the Lord and thou must be exercised therein day and night that thou mayest be full of hope and strength remembring thy end ever redeeming the time takeing heede of small sinnes that by time thou maist avoide the greatest and if thou shalt behave thy selfe godly in the day thou mayst be assured to be merry at night VII When thou hearest the Alarum given going to thine Armes thinke then with thy selfe that it is more then time to abandon the universall world and to imbrace God and say as for me it is good to draw neere to God and to put my trust in him that I may declare all his Workes For whom have I in heaven but him and on earth I desire none but him he will guide me by his counsell and afterwards receive me unto glory VIII When thou seest thy Camerade making ready and fix against his enemies girding his loynes that he may fight the more valiantly then thinke with thy selfe that it is thy duty to put on the spirituall Armour and to gird thy loynes against Satan the world and the flesh that thou mayst fight the spirituall combat bridling thy riotous appetite bringing under the flesh despising the worlds glory be at no time altogether idle but ever doing somewhat for the publique welfare discharging the duties of thy calling beseeching God for Christ thy Captaines sake to pronounce thee happy in the day of thy appearance IX When thou seest thy Camerade appointed to watch over himselfe and others lest he be circumvented by his enemies lost and utterly ruin'd then thinke with thy selfe that thy duty is to watch over thy selfe diligently lest the wrath of thine enemies seaze upon thee by Gods permission for thy punishment crushing thee to peeces and consider with thy selfe that as it is fearefull to fall into the hands of thine enemies so it is more fearefull to fall into the hands of the living Lord. Stand then in awe to offend him that infinitely loves thee let thy chiefest care be then to please God and to forsake unrighteousnesse that leadeth unto death and then surely thou mayst rejoyce though in trembling being merry in the Lord. X. When thou seest thy Camerades invironed with enemies and preparing themselves for Battaile then thinke with thy selfe that it is thy dutie also to arme thy selfe against thy spirituall enemies craving God his assistance that he leave thee not nor suffer thee to be tempted above thy strength and if thou fightest valiantly unto the end thou art happie being promised for thy reward the Ioyes of Heaven For the Spirit saith to him that overcommeth I will give to â—ate of the tree of life XI When thou seest thy Camerades give eare to the words of Command hearkning unto their Captaines instructions obeying the tucke of Drumme or sound of Trumpet then thinke with thy selfe that it is thy dutie to hearken unto Gods Word receiving comfort from the mouth of his servants for blessed are the eares that heare when the Lord whispereth and blessed are those who prepare themselves for the
past by an Officer under his Majesty of Sweden such aâ— one may be made choice of to serve his King and Country before another Page 21 Letter D. Publia Cornelia Annia lived twenty yeares without once offending her husband Page 29 Letter Q. Publique employment ought never be given to greedy persons Page 85 Letter D. Pikemen being resolved men are best for execution Page 37 Letter C. In a Prince truth of all vertues is chiefest Page 45 Letter O. The Plague removed in the dog-dayes from Verben Leaguer wonderfully Page 49 Letter Y. Plumes or Feathers are sometimes tokens rather to cut men downe then of safety Page 70 Letter A. Protestation made by his Majesty to the Lords of Francfurt Page 87 Letter I. The Power of example seene in the following of Francfurt Page 90 Letter Q. Papenhaim relieved Madeburg Page 104 Letter S. The People of Nurenberg overjoyed at the sight of two Kings at once shed teares Page 111 Letter E. Palsgrave Augustus tooke in Heckstat on the Danube Page 115 Letter M. The Papists in Bavaria were hanged by their purses Page 116 Letter P. The Protestant Councilâ— at Ausburg did present unto his Majesty of Sweden Corne Fishes and Wine Page 118 Letter S. Piety where ever most there is most happinesse Page 119 Letter W. Papenhaim praised for his warlike exploits Page 136 Letter A. Papenhaim merits to be recorded for his resolute carriage and extraordinary diligence Page 142 Letter H. Papenhaim the first adventured after the battaile of Leipsigh with an Amy in Lower Saxon. Page 142 Letter H. Papenhaim compared to a crafty Pyrat at Sea Page 142 Letter H. Panicke feare doth betray many brave men Page 152 Letter Z. Papenhaim retired from Mastreicht and relieved Paterborne Page 157 Letter H. Papenhaim tooke in Milhousen and plundred Saltz Page 157 Letter H. Papenhaim tooke in Theanestade and caused hang three Burger-masters halfe dead Page 157 Letter H. Papenhaim immoderate in his victories Page 158 Letter K. It is Pitty pride should be oftimes cohabitant with valour Page 158 Letter K. Punnishment of cruelty though it come late yet sure it never comes light Page 158 Letter K. Papenhaim retired from Hall was killed at Leitzen Page 165 Letter X. Pencell or tangue can adde nothing to his Majesty of Swedens perfection Page 169 Letter D. Palsgrave Christian did neglect a golden oportunity at Rhine Page 173 Letter K. Some doe finde Pefection in the very jawes of mischiefe while as others flying from danger meete with death Page 174 Letter M. Q. The Queenes Majesty of Sweden proposed to other women for good example of patience Page 26 Letter L. R. Robert Rosse killed by the Cannon before Damaine Page 17 Letter Z. Robert Monro Furer and Robert Monro Sergeant both died at Brandeburg Page 47 Letter R. River of the Elve so shallow that the Kings Cannon were drawn through Page 49 Letter W. A Retreit most formall made by his Majesty of Sweden at Verben Leaguer Page 55 Letter G. Robert Monro Kilternes Son died at Vittenberg Page 59 Letter L. As the Rudder in a ship doth governe so God moves and governes the world and doth not stirre himselfe Page 60 Letter M. Resolution ought ever to be resisted with Resolution Page 92 Letter W. Rut-master Home of Carrelside praised for his valour Page 98 Letter D. The Rhinegrave retired from the Enemy with losse Page 98 Letter D. The Rhinegrave being modestly valiant had both remissenesse and courage Page 99 Letter F. Ramseys Regiment good seconds to their Countrimen Page 116 Letter O. Religion and justice are the fundaments of good society Page 119 Letter V. Religion is our guide to Heaven and on earth the Fountaine of our justice Page 119 Letter W. Being Rich in credit the want of externall things should never greeve us Page 123 Letter C. The Rhinegraves Regiment having taken seven Standards from the Spaniard chased them out of the Paltz Page 155 Letter X. Rich he is in God and not poore who ever is content with his Fortune Page 181 Letter S. Souldiers wonderfully delivered from danger at Sea Page 4 Letter L. The Story of Hugolene Depise remarkable Page 20 Letter B. Souldiers wives preferred to other women for many reasons Page 27 Letter M. Sempronius Gracchus choosed to die before his wife Page 29 Letter R. Scots resent soonest of all Nations the austere carriage of their Commanders Page 42 Letter I. Strengths or Forts are discouraged while as their secrets are discovered Page 42 Letter I. The Spade and the Shovell ever good Companions in danger Page 52 Letter K. Souldiers insurrection amongst themselves is to be avoided Page 47 Letter R. Serbester beere the best in Dutchland for the body as their Religion is for the soule Page 47 Letter T. Souldiers well rewarded will refuse no danger Page 50 Letter Z. The Scots Briggad with push of Pike disordered the enemies battailes at Leipsigh Page 66 Letter V. The Spoile was parted at Leipsigh Leaguer the enemy being gone Page 71 Letter E. Saxony was is and shall be sedes belli till the warres end in Germany Page 72 Letter I. The Scots Briggad was thanked by his Majesty of Sweden Page 73 Letter I. Sir Iames Ramsey Sir Iohn Hamilton force the passage on the Maine at Wurtzberg Page 79 Letter W. The Swedens entred first the storme at Wurtzburg castle Page 80 Letter Y. The Scottish Clergy esteemed of abroad Page 81 Letter Z. Sir Iohn Hamilton like to a Cavalier of worth did resent the wrong done to him and his Country at Wurtzburg Page 82 Letter A Skirmish at Oxenford in view of his Majesty by the Scots Page 83 Letter C. Sir Henry Vane Ambassadour for Britaine arrived at Wurtzburg Page 85 Letter E. Stanhem taken in by Accord Page 87 Letter K. Souldiers sometimes have pleasant marches Page 89 Letter N. A Scots Sergeant slaine with a Cannon bullet at Oppenhem drinking Tobacco by the fire Page 91 Letter S. The Scottish fashion of old was to fight pell mell with two handed Swords Page 93 Letter W. The Scots at his Majesties crossing the Rhine in the night did valorously resist the Spanish fury Page 93 Letter X. The Spaniard Enemy mortall to the Prince Elector Palatine of Rhine Page 93 Letter X. The Spaniards retire into Frankendall Page 95 Letter The Scots of Ramseys Regiment by scaleing the walls tooke in divers little Townes in the Paltz Page 101 Letter M. Scots Regiments divers were under Generall Tods Army Page 102 Letter O. Sharnesse sent to his Majesty of Sweden to treate for a Neutrality Page 10â— Letter P. Suspitions past betwixt his Majesty of France and the King of Sweden Page 105 Letter V. Sweden Souldiers did runne away from their Post at Donavert Page 115 Letter N. A Stone house a scurvy defence against Cannon Page 115 Letter O. Sweden Souldiers three hundred in one night slaiâ—â— before Engolstaâ— Page 120 Letter Z. A Souldier in one night could passe prentice for
travell in his body for the safetie of his people is commendable Page 59 Letter D. L. Lievetenant Colonell Arthur Forbesse dyed in Holstein Page 1 Letter A. A Leaders dutie set downe at large Page 8 Letter G. Lievetenant Martin killed at Bisenburg-Skonce Page 11 Letter I. Lievetenant Hugh Rosse having lost his leg wished he had a woodden Leg. Page 17 Letter P. Lievetenant Colonell Seaton shot at Ouldenburg Page 18 Letter Q. A Lievetenant and thirteen Souldiers killed with one shot of Cannon Page 6. Letter K. The Love of horses wonderfull to their Masters Page 30 Letter C. Lievetenant Colonell Seaton commended for keeping strict Discipline Page 66 Letter L. Lindesey of Bainshow a valorous Cavalier received three dangerous wounds at Trailsound Page 78 Letter C. Lievetenant Lumsdell in time of hot service desired Colonell Holk being retiring to stay and to see if the Scots durst fight Page 79 Letter D. M. Major Dumbar his custome commendable going on service Page 40 Letter L. The Majestie of a King ought never to be denyed by his subjects in things indifferent Page 1 Letter A. Major Wilson his over-sight in making his Accord lost his Colours Page 12 Letter K. The meanest things doe helpe against the Enemy as the casting of sand and Bee-hives Page 13 Letter L. Murdo Poulson killed at Ouldenburg by the Cannon Page 18 Letter Q. Mutiny should ever be detestable in all estates as amongst Souldiers Page 48 Letter W. The multitude tumultuous hath more changes than the deepe Sea in a tempest hath waves Page 24 Letter X. The Makelesse the Sweden Ship by report did carry two hundred pieces of Ordnance Page 56 Letter C. No Menagrie comparable to that which spares the lives of men Page 63 Letter G. N. A Nation being enemies to vice and glad in their povertie they may haply remaine unconquered Page 72 Letter S. O. Officers are well rewarded when their followers are well disciplined Page 37 Letter H. The opinion Subjects doe conceive of their Princes care in the conservation of his Kingdome moves them to obedience Page 43 Letter P. Officers by their noble carriage and good example dot often encourage their followers to well-doing Page 55 Letter B. Officers ought never out of ostentation to make choice of a weake Poste to defend as Seaton did at Trailsound Page 62 Letter F. Officers or Souldiers that preferre their safetie before the reliefe of their Camerades may be justly called simple Page 72 Letter S. P. The Propertiâ—s of a valiant Souldier Page 72 Letter S. Poule Leaguer called the Flesh-Leaguer where a great Oxe-hide was sold for a Can of Beere Page 15 Letter N. The publique State being ruin'd he that lives at ease for his particular shall not escape from being ruin'd Page 59 Letter D. Panick feare entering into Towne Strength or Armie is most dangerous in the night Page 73 Letter W. Our Piety towards God and our reputation amongst men are the two things we ought to respect so long as we live Page 75 Letter Y. Pittie never shines more cleerely than when shee is clad in steele Page 53 Letter Z. A Pigeon carrying a Letter unto a beleaguered Towne taken and let loose Page 71 Letter Q. R. Resolution is the most fortifying Armour a discreet man can weare Page 3 Letter B. A Roman Captaine did tremble being victorious Page 16 Letter N. Our Regiment was beholding to Duke Barnard of Wymar Page 19 Letter R. A Reliefe in time is the most comfortable thing can come to a Souldier in time of hot service Page 23 Letter W. The Roman Empire too little for a possession for the Prince Elector Palatine Page 37 Letter I. Ravishers were punished with the losse of life and goods Page 44 Letter Q. Remedies to hinder men from vice Page 44 Letter R. Rutmaster Hoome and his Camerades helped to make the Scots retreat safe at Volgast Page 80 Letter F. S. Scots readiest of all Nations to take a true Alarum Page 7 Letter F. A Scots Suttler punished by Bees for his long stay Page 10 Letter H. The Scots at Bisenberg resisted well the Storme Page 11 Letter I. Souldiers of all professions should looke nearest to credit Page 14 Letter M. Sinâ—wes are added to the vertuous mind by noble actions and every one shall smell of that he is busied in Page 46 Letter T. Scots Highland-men before Keel in necesâ—itie made use of their swimming though wounded in their Clothes Page 55 Letter B. Scots and English in forraine warre ever good seconds Page 60 Letter E. A Souldier at Trailsound made a prettie reply to his Camerade being jeering Page 65 Letter I. A Story notable of a Dragon and a Lyon Page 66 Letter L. Sergeant Mackey and seven more killed in one night at Trailsound being all of our Regiment Page 68 Letter M. A Stratagem whereby the Boores in Scotland made the English Horses to breake loose Page 70 Letter Q. Seven hundred and threescore Shot of Cannon in one day were shot upon Frankendore in Trailsound Page 71 Letter R. Spiney's Regiment entered into Trailsound Page 74 Letter X. Souldiers are in policie like to the Crocodile for to make one another to fall they sâ—â—me the wayes Page 76 Letter Sir Alexaâ—der Lesly being made Governour of Trailsound conferred the credit of the first out-fall on Spiney's Regiment Page 78 Letter C. Sir Iohn Hume of Ayton being pittifully wounded was taken prisoner and dyeâ— with the Enemy Page 78 Letter C. A Servant that doth endanger his owne life for the reliefe of his Master testifies his true service as Mackenyee did Page 81 Letter G. Sufferance in a noble manner begets love as Henry Lindesey dyed at Wolgast Page 80 Letter T. T. Treatie or Still-stand the use of it Page 76 Letter Trailsound became flourishing by their hopes having got Sir Alexander Lesly for their Governour Page 77 Letter B. V. Vertue and wisedome are the best guards of safetie Page 42 Letter M. VV. The Watch on the Elve surprised Page 24 Letter X. Wounds gotten with credit are the best tokens of courage in a Souldier Page 23 Letter W. Women are forbidden to shed teares for their children that dyed standing serving the Publique Page 26 Letter Z. The wise man is onely the cunningest Fencer Page 42 Letter N. Watch in beleaguered places is the maine point to be looked unto Page 64 Letter H. In Warres Summum Ins is found to be Summa Injuria Page 64 Letter H. Walestein his pride was great when he caused to kill the hurt Officers retired with slight wounds Page 69 Letter O. A worthy Enemy reconciled can be a worthy Friend Page 77 Letter A. That man is wise that is kinde to his Friend and sharpe to his Enemy but he is wiser that can entertaine his Friend in love and make his Enemy like him Page 77 Letter A. THE LIST OF THE SCOTTISH OFFICERS IN CHIEFE CALLED the Officers of the Field that served his Majesty of Sweden Anno 1632. THE Marquesse