Interests or Friendships govern you if it be possible admit of no Competitions much less of Pulpit-Combats which do oftner occasion lasting and fatal Divisions than end in a wise Choice Remember what a sucâ—…ssion you have had of Great and Good â—…en in this Place and let it be your ambition still to equal and out-do it if you can And now I shall conclude with one word to you my brethren of the Clergy We have lost a faithful and diligent Labourer in God's Vineyard in a time when we could ill have spared him let us then who still survive double our diligence and express a greater Zeal and Concernment in the defence of Religion and in the care of Souls Let us remember that we are all mortal and how little time we have to work in we know not but let us so improve the remainder of our days that when our Lord comes he may own us for faithful and wise Servants and bestow on us a Crown of Righteousness and Immortality Which God of his infinite mercy grant through our Lord Jesus Christ To whom with the Father and the Holy Spirit be honour and glory and power now and for ever Amen SERMON III. Preach'd at Whitehall before the Queen on the 17th of Iune 1691. Being the Fast-Day Lxxvii PSALM 10 11 12. And I said This is my infirmity but I will remember the years of the right hand of the most High I will remember the works of the Lord surely I will remember thy wonders of old I will meditate also of all thy works and talk of thy doings THE Psalmist at the penning of this Psalm was oppressed with very black and desponding Thoughts The state of the Church seems to have been very calamitous they had been so long and so grievously afflicted that he began to question whether God would ever be merciful to them again Will the Lord cast off for ever and will he be favourable no more Is his mercy clean gone for ever doth his promise fail for evermore Hath God forgotten to be gracious hath he in anger shut up his tender mercies But in my Text he recollects himself confesses his Wickedness and Sin in giving the least entertainment to such unworthy Thoughts of God as if he could forget his promise and Covenant which he had made to their Fathers Abraham Isaac and Iacob This is my infirmity want of Faith and Trust in God's Promises and to cure this Diffidence to revive his dying Hopes and to confirm his Faith in God he calls to mind those glorious Deliverances which God had wrought for his Church and his People Israel in former Ages I will remember the years of the right hand of the most High those days when God did so visibly deliver Israel with his own right hand as it follows 14 15 Verses Thou art the God that doest wonders thou hast declared thy strength among the people Thou hast with thine arm redeemed thy people the sons of Iacob and Ioseph And instances in those miraculous Deliverances in Aegypt the Red Sea and the Wilderness as a reason and foundation of a firm Faith and Trust in God in all Ages these are those Works of the Lord and Wonders of Old which he will remember which he will meditate and talk of with which he will support his Spirit whatever Dangers seem to threaten the final Ruin and Desolation of the Church which is the Argument of the 80. Psalm 14 15. Return we beseech thee O God of hosts look down from heaven and behold and visit this vine and the vineyard which thy right hand hath planted and the branch that thou madest so strong for thy self That God had made a Covenant with Abraham and chose his Seed and Posterity for his peculiar People that he had delivered them out of Aegypt by a mighty hand and an outstretched arm that he had given them Passage through the Red Sea and fed them in the Wilderness forty Years that he had fought their Battles for them and given them possession of the Land of Canaan as he had promised to their Fathers that he had in all succeeding Ages protected them by a viâ—…ble Providence raised up Judges and Saviours to deliver them out of the hands of their Enemies when they cried to him this was a sure foundation of their Faith and Hope that God would not utterly cast off his People but though for their sins he might deliver them into the hands of their Enemies yet when they repented of their Evil Ways and returned unto God God also would return and be merciful unto them And this is the wisest course we can take whatever Troubles we suffer whatever we fear whatever our Sins have deserved whatever our Enemies threaten To remember the works of the Lord and his wonders of old to meditate of all his works and to talk of his doings And this is what I at present intend to make such Remarks on the Providence of God towards the Iewish Church not omitting the experience the Christian Church has had of the same kind and watchful Providence as may be of present use to us both to direct us what we must do and to give us a firm Hope and Trust in God's Mercy for God is always the same under all the Dispensations of his Grace and Providence and as the Iewish Church was a Type of the Christian so God's Providence towards â—…hem assures us what we may expect â—…n like Circumstances or else the Scriâ—…tures of the Old Testament would be of very little use to us now whereas St. Paul tells us That these things happened to them for ensamples and they are written for our admonition upon whom the â—…nds of the world are come 1 Cor. 10. 11. But what difference there is between their State and ours and how far we are concerned in the Examples I shall distinctly observe under the several Particulars as there is occasion for it 1. First then I observe as St. Paul did That the gifts and calling of God are without repentance 11. Rom. 29. God having made a Covenant with Abraham and chosen his Seed for his peculiar People whatever their Provocations were he would never wholly cast them off he many times very severely punished them delivered them into the hands of their Enemies who oppressed them the Aramites and Moabites and Aegyptians and Assyrians and at last into the hands of Nebuchadnezzar who destroyed their City and Temple and carried them captive into Babylon where they continued seventy Years and then they returned into their own Country and rebuilt their Temple and City and so continued till in punishment of their great Sin in crucifying their Messias and for their obstinate Infidelity they were finally destroyed by the Romans and dispersed into all Nations and have never been a Nation since that is till Christ came who was the promised Seed in whom all the Nations of the World are blessed as St. Paul proves 3. Gal. 16. To Abraham and his seed were the
our selves to be Dissenters I hope are by this time very well Satisfied that the Church of England has no inclination to Popery and we have reason to acknowledge that the Body of Dissenters for some private Intriguers on either side do not deserve our notice nor to be thought on either side have not such an irreconcileable Hatred to the Church of England as to sacrifice her to a Popish Interest and this bids fair for a good Understanding between us and let us pray to God to continue and perfect it 2. As for the Preservation of the Church from the Oppression and Persecution of her Enemies this is God's care too and many times nothing but an All-seeing Vigilant and Omnipotent Providence can secure her Many times their Designs are laid deep and low full of Intriegue and Artifice unknown to all men but themselves as it was in the Gunpowder Treason when our King and Nobles and Senators were designed as a rich Sacrifice to a furious and Antichristian Zeal but when the wicked plotteth against the just and gnasheth on him with his teeth the Lord shall laugh at him for he seeth that his day is coming 37. Psal. 12 13. Let us then Pray heartily to God that he would reconcile our Differences and Divisions and restore Peace and Unity to his Church that he would defend us from all the Plots and Machinations of our Enemies that we being delivered from all Persecutions may evermore give thanks unto him in his Holy Church through Iesus Christ our Lord To whom with the Father and the Holy Ghost be Honour Glory and Power now and for ever Amen To his much Esteemed Friends the Church-Wardens and Parishioners of St. LAWRENCE Iewry and St. MARY MAGDALEN Milk-street Gentlemen THough I had no intention to make this Sermon Publick yet I could not with any Modesty deny your Request when you had paid so great a regard to the Counsel given you in it I heartily Congratulate your happy agreement in the Choice of so excellent a Person to succeed the not-to-be-forgotten Dr. CALAMY who I doubt not will deserve all that Honour and Kindness which it is so natural to you to show to your Ministers I here present you with the Sermon as it was Preached excepting some few things at the beginning which were left out in speaking to shorten it as much as I could without injuring the Sense I am sensible the Character falls very short of what our deceased Friend deserved but it is every Word true and I thought had been as inoffensive too as it is true and so I believe it will appear to wise and considering men and others may judge as they please If it will contribute any thing to make both Ministers and People more faithful in the discharge of their several Duties I have what I aimed at both in Preaching and Printing it especially if you please to accept of it as a Testimony of the sincere Respects of GENTLEMEN Your very Humble Servant WILLIAM SHERLOCK SERMON II. Preach'd at the Funeral of the Reverend Benjamin Calamy D. D. and late Minister of St. Lawrence Iewry London Jan. 7. 1685 6 24 Matth. 45 46. Who then is a Faithful and Wise servant whom his Lord hath made Ruler over his Houshold to give them meat in due season Blessed is that servant whom his Lord when he cometh shall find so doing IN this and the foregoing Chapter our Saviour acquaints his Disciples with the Signs and Prognosticks of his coming which plainly have a double aspect both upon his coming to destroy Ierusalem and upon his coming to judge the World But the application he makes of it is of universal use Watch therefore for ye know not what hour your Lord doth come v. 42. which is excellent advice in what sense soever we understand the coming of our Lord for the coming of our Lord signifies his coming to take account of us and whether we apply this to the Hour of our Death or to the last Day of Judgment still it concerns us to watch that is to be always diligent and careful in doing our Duty and discharging that Trust which is committed to us that whenever our Lord comes we may give up our Accounts with joy The Words I have now read to you concern the Apostles of Christ and their Successors the Bishops and Pastors of the Church who are as much obliged to this watchfulness as any other sort of Persons because as they have a greater Trust so they have a greater Account to give This we learn from 12 Luke 42 43 ver where our Saviour having given that general advice to all his Disciples to watch for the coming of their Lord St. Peter particularly enquires how far he and the rest of the Apostles were concerned in it Lord speakest thou this parable unto us or even to all ver 41. To which our Saviour answers Who then is that faithful and wise steward whom â—…is Lord shall make Ruler of his Houshold to give them their portion of meat in due season Blessed is that servant whom his Lord when he cometh shall find so doing Wherein our Saviour does particularly apply that general Advice to his Apostles and their Successors his Servants Stewards and Ministers of the Gospel and indeed those particular expressions which are here used do sufficiently acquaint us to whom this Advice belongs We need not question who is here meant by the Lord which is the peculiar Title of Christ in the New Testament and it is as evident what this Houshold is which is the Church of Christ The House and Temple of the living 1 Cor. 3. 16. 2 Cor. 6 16. God The Houshold of Faith The Houshold of God And Christ is said to be Faithful as a Son or Lord over his 6. Gal. 10. own House whose House are we if we â—…ld fast the confidence and the rejoycing 3. Heb. 5 6. of the hope firm unto the end in distinction from Moses who was Faithful as a Servant The Rulers of the Houshold or the Stewards in St. Luke are the Apostles Bishops Presbyters who are the Governours of the Church 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the 20. Acts 28. Overseers the Ministers of Christ the Stewards of the Mysteries of God The 1 Cor. 4. 1. Meat which they are to give in Season is the Word of Life which with respect to the different degrees and perfection of Knowledge is compared to Milk and to strong Meat and therefore they are commanded to feed the 1 Cor. 3. 2. 5. Heb. 12. 1 Pet. 2. 2. 〈◊〉 Tim. 4. 2. Flock to preach the Word to be instant in season out of season to reprove rebuke exhort with all long-suffering and doctrine This is sufficient to shew you that my Text does principally concern the Bishops and Ministers of the Church who are in an eminent manner the Servants of Christ in the Instruction and Government of his Church which is his House and in speaking to these words
perpetuate our Prosperity and Glory if the Remembrance of past Judgments teaches us to Fear God the Sense of his present Mercies to Love him and both to Obey him Which God of his Infinite Mercy grant through our Lord Iesus Christ To whom with the Father and the Holy Ghost be Honour Glory and Power now and ever Amen SERMON XIII THE Divine Presence IN Religious Assemblies Preach'd at the Cathedral-Church of St. Paul the First Sunday after Opening the QUIRE December 5. 1697. Psalm xcvi 9. O worship the Lord in the Beauty of Holiness WE have lately made our first Solemn Appearance before God in this House with all the External Solemnities of Worship and I hope with those Transports and Ardours of Devotion which such greaâ—… Occasions require Excepting thosâ—… Christian Feasts which contain the Mysteries of our Redemption by Jesuâ—… Christ Two more joyful Solemnitieâ—… could not well have met in One Day the One a Feast of Dedication the 〈◊〉 ther of Peace Blessed Union Maâ—… these Two be never parted May thâ—… Church enjoy Rest and Ease under thâ—… Gracious Influences of a Victorioâ—… Prince and may the Throne be estâ—… blished in Peace by its Love and Zeâ—… for God's House The Publick Solemnities of Worshiâ—… and the Publick Peace of Church aâ—… State are the most comprehensive Bleâ—… sings which we can enjoy in this Worlâ—… They are an Inferiour Accomplishmeâ—… of the Angelick Hymn at the Birth 〈◊〉 our Saviour Glory be to God in tâ—… Highest on Earth Peace Good Will 〈◊〉 wards Men. These are the Matter of our preseâ—… Joy which ought not to be confinâ—… to one short Day but to be had in peâ—… petual Remembrance as we hope aâ—… pray that these Blessings may be peâ—… petual But my present Design relates to God's House and that Worship which we must pay to God there O worship the Lord in the Beauty of Holiness 1. And first I shall begin with the Beauty of Holiness the right understanding of which may possibly turn some Mens Curiosity into Devotion There is I think no dispute but that by the Beauty of Holiness the Psalmist means the Tabernacle or Sanctuary for if David was the Penman of this Psalm the Temple at Ierusalem was not then built and thus it is applied in this Psalm ver 6. Honour and Majesty 〈◊〉 before him Strength and Beauty are in his Sanctuary and v. 7. Give unto the Lord the Glory due unto his Name â—…ing an Offering and come into his Courts which is immediately explained in the Words of my Text O worship the Lord in the Beauty of Holiness and thus the Seventy render it both here and in Psalm 29. 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in his Holy Tabernacle This was the peculiar Place of Worship under the Law which is called the Beauty of Holiness from that excellent and incommunicable Majesty which dwelt there There is such frequent mention madâ—… in the Old Testament of God's peculiâ—… Presence in some places above otherâ—… Of the House of God where he dwelâ—… where he places his Name where 〈◊〉 sits between the Cherubims and such 〈◊〉 peculiar Sanctity and Holiness for thâ—… reason attributed to these Places thâ—… no Man denies the Distinction and Hâ—… liness of Places under the Iewish Dâ—… spensation But there are too many whâ—… think that the Gospel of Christ has pâ—… an end to all such Distinction of Placeâ—… as it has done to all other Iewish Câ—… remonies that God has no othâ—… Church now but the Assemblies 〈◊〉 Christians and the Hearts of devoâ—… Worshippers in what Place soever theâ—… meet that to think God is more prâ—… sent or more acceptably worshipped 〈◊〉 one Place than in another is either Pâ—… gan or Iewish Superstition that to bâ—… have our selves with greater Reverenâ—… in a Christian Church than we do 〈◊〉 our own private Houses unless it be iâ—… the immediate Acts of Worship is nâ—… better than to worship Wood and Brickâ—… and Stone as if they had some peculiaâ—… Sanctity in them This as slight a Matter as some may think it is of mischievous consequence to Religion as it delivers Mens Minds from those awful Regards to the Divine Presence which ought to possess them when they approach God's House as is too often seen in a careless and irreverent Worship And therefore I shall take this Occasion briefly to represent this Matter which when truly stated will admit of little dispute To assert in loose and general Terms the Holiness of Places and that Religious Regard and Reverence which is to be paid to them may I confess give just Offence to Christian Ears as if the Place and House it self had such a Holiness that we must not only worship God in such a Place but that we must pay some Religious Reverence to the House it self with relation to God For if once we admit of any kind of Relative Worship I know not where we can stop but may as well worship Pictures and Images and Crucifixes as Holy Places upon account of their relation to God and Christ. But yet no understanding Christian will deny that we must worship God with all Humility of Soul and Body where-ever we know that God is peculiarly present to receive our Worship that if there be any such Places where God is thus peculiarly present we must approach his Presence and behave our selves while we continue there with all Religious Reverence and Devotion It is the peculiar Presence of God which is the only Holiness of any Place and which alone challenges our Religious Adorations And the reasonableness and necessity of this every one must own who acknowledges the peculiar Presence of God in the appropriated Places of Worship For if God be peculiarly present there to receive our Worship whenever we approach his Presence we ought to approach him with all the external Signs of Reverence which is not to reverence the Place but to reverence that excellent Majesty which is peculiarly present in that Place So that rightly to understand this Matter I must briefly explain the Scripture Notion of God's peculiar Presence in the Places of Worship and what Reverence such a Presence requires from us when we approach such Places First then I observe that though it be the constant Doctrine of Scripture that God is essentially present in all Places yet there are some Places which are peculiarly called his Presence and thus it has been ever since the Creation where-ever God manifested himself peculiarly present such Places were called his Presence and became the ordinary standing Places of Worship It does not seem improbable to me that though all Paradise might be called the Presence of God yet there was some peculiar Place even in Paradise it self where God did most ordinarily appear to our first Parents for we read in Genesis 3. 8. that when Adam and Eve had eaten the forbidden Fruit they heard the Voice of the Lord God that is the Eternal Word walking in the Garden in the cool
of the Evening and Adam and his Wife hid themselves from the Presence of the Lord God amongst the Trees of the Garden Which seems to intimate that there was some particular Place in Paradise where God used to meet with them from which they fled and by so doing thought to hide themselves from the Presence of God In the Story of Cain and Abel this seems more plain there was at that time some peculiar Place whither they brought their Offerings to God and therefore where God was supposed peculiarly present to receive their Offerings Gen. 4. 3 4. and in v. 14. Cain complains Behold thou hast driven me out this Day from the Face of the Earth and from thy Face shall I be hid that is from thy Presence as it is expounded ver 16. Cain went out from the Presence of the Lord and dwelt in the Land of Nod. Where it is plain the Presence of the Lord signifies a certain Place where God was so present as he was not in other Places for we can never go out of the Essential Presence of God as the Psalmist witnesses Psalm 139. 6 7 8 9. Whither shall I go then from thy Spirit or whither shall I go from thy Presence If I climb up into Heaven thou art there if I go down into Hell thou art there If I take the Wings of the Morning and remain in the uttermost Parts of the Sea even there also shall thy Hand lead me and thy Right Hand shall hold me and therefore in this Sense the Land of Nod was as much God's Presence as where Abel and Cain dwelt before but Cain went out from the Presence of God into the Land of Nod that is from that place where God dwelt and conversed with them into a Land where he never vouchsafed such a peculiar presence In the History of Abraham Isaack and Iacob we not only learn that in those days they always had their peculiar and appropriate places of worship but that they pitched their Tents and built their Altars either in such places as God directed them to or where God appeared to them and those were the places where God ordinarily Converst with them Thus the Lord appeared unto Abram in the place of Sichem in the Plain of Moreh and there he built an Altar unto the Lord who appeared unto him Genes 12. 6 7. hither he returned again when he came out of Aegypt unto the place of the Altar which he had made there at first and there he called on the Name of the Lord. Genes 13 4. so that the appearance of God to him in this place had made it a standing place of Worship and here God appeared to him again and renewed his Promise to him after the departure of Lot After this by God ' s command Abram removed his Tent and dwelt in the Plain of Mamre and there he built an Altar to the Lord Genes 13. 18. and here God frequently appeared to Abram as we may see in 15 17 18 Chap. Thus when God appeared to Isaack at Beersheba he built an Altar and called upon the Name of the Lord and pitcht his Tent and took up his abode there as in a place where God was present 26 Genes 24 25. Thus as Iacob was going towards Haran being forced to lodge all night in the Field in his Dream he saw a Ladder set upon the Earth and the top reach'd to Heaven and the Angels of God ascended and descended on it and God himself stood above it and renewed his Promise and Covenant to Iacob From hence Iacob concluded that God was peculiarly present in this place how dreadful is this place this is none other but the House of God and this is the Gate of Heaven and therefore he calls the place Bethel and set up the Stone for a Pillar whereon he lay and powred Oil on it and vowed that if he came again in peace to his Fathers House that Stone which he had set up should be God ' s House 28 Gen. and accordingly when he was returned from Padan-Aram God himself commanded him to go up to Bethel and dwell there and to make there an Altar to God who appeared to him when he fled from the Face of his Brother Esau 35 Genes 1. After the Days of the Patriarchs the next instance of this nature is that of Moses to whom God appeared in a burning Bush and said Draw not nigh hither put off thy Shoes from off thy Feet for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground that is consecrated by the Presence of God to whom we must approach with all external Reverence which pulling off the Shoes was an expression of in those Eastern Countries 3 Exod. 1 c. and a like example we have in Ioshua 5 Chap. 13 14 15. And this is a true Account of the holiness even of the Iewish Tabernacle and Temple There were indeed great Mysteries concealed under Types and Figures but these Types were not the holiness of the place but God's peculiar Presence there When Moses had set up the Tabernacle a Cloud covered the Tent of the Congregation and the Glory of the Lord filled the Tabernacle 40 Exod. 34. Thus at the Dedication of Solomon's Temple when the Priests were come out of the Holy Place the Cloud filled this House of the Lord so that the Priests could not stand to minister because of the Cloud for the Glory of the Lord had filled the House of the Lord 1 Kings 8. 10 11. This was a visible Sign that God had taken possession of this House and would dwell there as Solomon expounds it 12 13 ver Then spake Solomon the Lord said he would dwell in the thick darkness I have surely built Thee a House to dwell in a setled place for Thee to abide in for ever For this reason it is called the House of God his Habitation his Dwelling-place his Gate his Courts and which is the true Interpretation of all this his Presence Let us come before his Presence with thansgiving 95 Psal. 2. that is to his House and Temple where God is present which is therefore called appearing before the Lord as all the Tribes of Israel were commanded to do three times every year at the three solemn Festivals and this appearing before the Lord was their coming up to Ierusalem to worship at the Temple This I hope sufficiently proves that both before and under the Law God who is essentially present in all places was yet so peculiarly present in some places as he was not in others 2. But for the better understanding this we must inquire what this special and peculiar Presence of God is For this seems a great difficulty to some Men that God who is present every where should not be equally present in all places But the Account of this I think is plain and short that though God is present every where he is not equally present in all places to all purposes which is the only possible distinction
Calamities upon Nations but for the Punishment of some Publlick and National Sins And therefore a Christian Nation which professes the True Faith and Worship of Christ preserves the Reverence of Religion corrects and suppresses Vice may expect to be blessed with all external Prosperity for righteousness exâ—…alteth a nation it does so in its natural tendency and effects and it does so by the Blessing of God and therefore when God brings any Publick Judgments upon a Nation professing the true faith of Christ we have reason to take notice of God's Anger and Displeasure to enquire what is amiss among us what that accursed thing is which hath provoked God to Jealousy and made him take the Rod into his hand We have then reason to humble our selves before God to deprecate his Anger and Displeasure to turn from all the evil of our ways that hem ay return and be merciful to us But there is one thing worth observing which may be matter of Hope and Comfort to us at this time That God never delivered the Iewish Church into the hands of their Enemies to oppress them never carried them away into captivity excepting the last Destruction of Ierusalem in Punishment of their Sin in Crucifying their Messias but only when they were guilty of Idolatry A Corruption of Manners might bring other Judgments upon them but it was generally and I think always for their Idolatry that God made their Enemies rule over them and carried them captive into a Strange land This we have a summary account of Iudges 2. how that after the Death of Ioshua and those Elders who had seen all that God did for them they forsook the Lord and served Baal and Ashtaroth and the anger of the Lord was kindled against them and God deliver'd them into the hand of spoilers who spoiled them v. 11 12 c. For this Sin of Idolatry the Ten Tribes were carried away into a Perpetual Captivity and Iudah carried captive to Babylon which they were threatned with by the Prophets for their Whoredoms that is their Idolatries 2 4 5. ch of Hosea and this is the account the Prophet Ieremy gives of it Like as ye have forsaken me and served strange gods in your land so shall ye serve strangers in a land which is not yours 5. Jer. 19. Now in proportion to God's dealâ—…g with the Iewish Church we have â—…ason to hope That though a Church â—…nd Nation which professes the true â—…aith and Worship of Christ may be â—…everely punished for their other Sins â—…et while they preserve themselves â—…lean from Spiritual Fornication from all Antichristian Idolatries God will not Un-Church them nor deliver them finally up into the Power of Idolatrous Oppressors I am sure we of this Nation ever since the Reformation of Religion among us though God has made us smart severely for our other Sins have yet always found a watchful Providence defending us from all Attempts though contrived with Art and Skill and backed with Power to reduce us again under the Roman Yoke May the same Good Providence still watch over us and defend us and neither suffer our Popish Enemies to rejoice over us nor deluded Protestants to make dangerous and fatal Experiments 3dly When God did think fit to correct his People he always kept the Rod in his own hand and prescribed the Measures and Continuance of their Sufferings This is so plain from all the Promises and Threatnings of the Law and from the Examples of God's Providence towards Israel that there is no need to multiply particular Instances There was no Good not Evil befel Israel but by a particular Providence God inflicted Judgments on them when he saw fit and he removed them again He gave the Commission to Plague and Sword and Famine which they could not exceed In the 26. Levit. we may observe That God proportion'd his Judgments to their Sins When their Sins were grown so Publick and National as to deserve some Publick Judgments yet at first God threatens them with some more light and gentle Punishments but if they continued incorrigible he tells them he had more terrible Judgments in reserve for them which proves That God determines the Kinds Degrees and Continuance of his Judgments When David for his sin in Numbring the People had that hard Choice given him of seven years famine or to flee three months before his enemies or three days pestilence he answers Let me fall now into the hands of the Lord for his mercies are great and let me not fall into the hand of man 〈◊〉 Sam. 24. 14. That is he chose Peâ—…ilence before the Sword for Pestiâ—…ence is God's immediate hand and â—…ho the Sword be God's Judgment too â—…et it is put into the hands of men who gratify their own Lust and Rage and Revenge with it And yet tho God leaves more to man in this than â—…n any other Judgments he does not â—…ut the Sword wholly out of his own hands when he puts it into the hands of men but gives Laws to it as appears from the example of the King of Assyria whom God sent against Ierusalem To take the spoil and to take the prey and to tread them down like the mire in the street Howbeit he meaneth not so neither doth his heart think so but it is in his heart to destroy and cut off nations not a few wherefore it shall come to pass that when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion what he himself not what the King of Assyria intended to do I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria and the glory of his high looks 10. Isa. 5 6 7 12. Now God has the same tender care of a Christian Nation that he had of Israel He mingles our Cup for us he prescribes what we shall suffer and how long and he corrects as a Father not to destroy but to reform and this is a mighty comfort that whatever men threaten we are in the hands of God who has the Winds and Seas aâ—… his command who giveth Salvation 〈◊〉 Kings who delivereth David his Servaâ—… from the hurtful Sword Psal. 144. 10. The most powerful Oppressors are but the Rod of God's Anger the more fierce and savage Instruments God employs to correct us we may conclude the more angry God is but whatever the Rod is it is God that strikes whâ—… knows when to strike and when to spare We never have any reason to be afraid of men whatever their Power how great soever their Rage and Vengeance be but ought to pray to God as the Prophet does O Lord correct me but with judgment not in thine anger lest thou bring me to nothing Jer. 10. 24. O Lord rebuke me not in thine anger neither chasten me in thy sore displeasure have mercy upon me O Lord for I am weak O Lord heal me for my bones are vexed Psal. 6. 1 2. or as it is in Psal. 56. 1 2 3. Be merciful to me O
â—…hird is open and bare-faced The Devil in express words tempts him to â—…dolatry with the Promise of all the Kingdoms of the World and the Glory of them which he had drawn a beautiful Landskip of and shew'd him from a high Mountain All these things will I give thee if thou wilt fall down and worship me Or as St. Luke relates it All this power will I give thee and the glory of them for it is delivered unto me and to whomsoever I will I give it Which in some sense was true at that time not that the Devil had the Supreme and Absolute disposal of Kingdoms for St. Paul assures us that all the Powers even of the Pagan World were of God and ordained by 13 Rom 1. God But yet he was at that time the God of this World and had a more visible Kingdom than God himself The true Worshippers of God were aâ—… that time chiefly confined to Iudea aâ—… very little spot of Earth but all the Power and Glory of the World was in the hands of Idolaters who Worshipped the Devil and wicked Spirits And the force of the Argument is as if he had said to our Saviour You call your self the Son of God and Worship him but will God do that foâ—… you which I can and will do if you Worship me You your self see that he has no Kingdom but Iudea to bestow on you and that also is at present in the hands of my Worshippers but what is that to all the Kingdom of the World which are at my disposal and which you see your self are mine and under my Government But our â—…aviour without disputing the value of â—…is World or what Power the Devil â—…ad in the disposal of it chides away â—…e Tempter with Indignation Be gone â—…atan For it is written Thou shalt worâ—…ip the Lord thy God and him only shalt â—…ou serve But though Christ refused â—…is proffer his pretended Vicar has â—…ken it and revived the old Pagan â—…olatry for the Kingdoms of the â—…orld and the Glory of them This is the prevailing Temptation 〈◊〉 this day to corrupt Religion the â—…aith and Worship of God for some â—…mporal Advantages too many Men â—…ink That the best Religion which â—…ill best serve a secular Interest â—…nd we have reason to think that â—…o many do this and know â—…hat they do that their furious â—…eal for a false Religion is not all â—…gnorance and Mistake but an undisâ—…mbled Love of this World For can â—…e think that the Devil never temptâ—… any Man but Christ knowingly â—…d willingly to renounce the true Reâ—…gion and the true Worship of God â—…r this World No doubt he does â—…d very often prevails too and these knowing Idolaters who make a downright bargain to Worship the Devil for the Kingdoms of the World and the Glory of them are those who abuse the Ignorant and Credulous with a false and hypocritical Zeal But let us remember that we musâ—… Worship the Lord our God and him only must we serve Let us remember what our Saviour tells us What shall it proâ—… a man if he gain the whole world aâ—… lose his own soul Or What shall a maâ—… give in exchange for his soul Let us â—…member that the end of Religion 〈◊〉 to please God to Glorify him to 〈◊〉 like him and to enjoy him for everâ—… and this will give us a secure Victoâ—… over the World and the Devil Whiâ—… God of his infinite Mercy grant throug our Lord Iesus Christ To whom with tâ—… Father and the Holy Ghost be Honoâ—… Glory and Power now and for ever Amen SERMON V. â—…each'd before the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor at St. Bridget's Church on Tuesday in Easter-Week 1692. IV. LUKE 35. â—…t love ye your enemies and do good and lend hoping for nothing again and your reward shall be great and ye shall be the children of the Highest for he is kind to the unthankful and to the evil OUR Conformity to the Death and Resurrection of our Saviour consists in dying to 〈◊〉 and walking in newness of life â—…ich St. Paul tells us is represented 〈◊〉 the External Ceremony of Bapâ—…m the baptised Person being buried with Christ in Baptism and rising out of his watry grave a new born Creature 6. Rom. 3 4. For in that he died he died unto sin once but in that he liveth he liveth unto God Likewise reckon ye also your selves to be dead indeed unto sin but alive unto God through Iesus Christ our Lord 9 10. And the principal Exercise of this Divine Life which is our conformity to the Resurrection of Christ is a Divine Conversation If ye then be risen with Christ seek those things which are above where Christ sitteth at the right hand of God Set your affections on things above not on things on the earth 3. Col. 1 2. And to set our affections on things above does not only signify to think sometimes of Heaven and to desire to go to Heaven when we dye which very worldly-minded men may do but to lay up for our selves Treasures in Heaven which are durable and eternal in opposition to those perishing Treasures on Earth which are subject to Thieves to Moths and Rust 6. Matth. 19 20 21. To make to our selves friends of the mammon of unrighteousness that when we fail they may receive us into everlasting habitations 16. Luke 9. Now ye all know what this means viz. To purge our minds from the love of Riches and from all covetous Desires to improve â—…r Estates in Acts of Piety and Chaâ—…ty for the Service of God and to â—…pply the wants of the poor and miâ—…rable to return our Money into the â—…ther World where it will encrease â—…to Eternal Life and Glory for this 〈◊〉 truly to have our Conversation in â—…eaven to live above this World to â—…t loose from all the Enjoyments of it â—…o live to God and another World â—…o improve every thing we enjoy here â—…o secure and advance our future Hapâ—…iness when men are Charitable upon â—…hese Principles and these Designs they â—…ust live a very heavenly Life For where our Treasure is there our hearts will be also This our Ancestors who appointed this Annual Solemnity seem to have been very sensible of That there is no particular Grace or Virtue the exercise of which is a more visible demonstration of a Divine and purified Mind which is risen with Christ and lives to God as Christ doth than the Grace of Charity and therefore that there was no time more proper to exercise Charity and to exhort Christians to Charity and to show Charity in all its Pomp and humble Bravery than the Feast of the Resurrection wherein we commemorate the Love of our Lord in dying for us and his triumph over Death and in full assurance of a blessed Immortality of which the Resurrection of our Saviour was an ocular Demonstration send our Hearts and our Eyes after him to Heaven and contemplate that Glory to which he is advanced
Providence but we may make our Complaints to God and be the more importunate in our Prayers for the Preservation of our King The Death of our excellent Queen both calls for and will justify and recommend such humble Importunities and the preservation of our King will in a great measure make up this Loss to us Which God of his infinite Mercy grant through our Lord Iesus Christ to whom with the Father and the Holy Ghost be Honour Glory and Power now and for ever Amen SERMON IX Preach'd before the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor and the Court of Aldermen at the Parish-Church of St. Bridget on Tuesday in Easter-Week April 6. 1697. 2 Cor. VIII 12. For if there be first a willing mind it is accepted according to that a man hath and not according to that he hath not THE Occasion of these Words was this The Christians of Iudaea were at this time in great Want by reason of a general Dearth which was foretold by Agabus at Antioch Acts II. 28. And there stood up one of them named Agabus and signified by the spirit That there should be great dearth throughout all the world which came to pass in the days of Claudius Caesar. Upon this Notice the Disciples every man according to his ability determined to send relief unto the Brethren which dwelt in Iudaea This is that Contribution for the Saints which St. Paul directs them about at the Conclusion of his first Epistle to them Ch. 16. and this is what he inculcates on them in this and the following Chapter but with so much Art and Insinuation that though he uses the most powerful Arguments yet he would not seem to persuade nor to think that they needed any Persuasion for it is not Honourable for Christians whose Religion is Charity to need such Persuasions and Importunities They may be directed in their Charity and put in Mind of such particular Charities as are of the greatest Necessity or the most present use or have the most general Influence or do the greatest Reputation and Service to Religion or their Charity may be heightened inflamed and enlarged by the proper Arguments and Motives of Liberality but their Religion teaches them to be Charitable and the Name and Profession of a Christian is a Reproach to them without it And this is all the Apostle aims at even in his soft and tender way of Persuasion not merely to persuade them to contribute to the Necessities of the Saints which he knew they were willing â—…o do but that they should contriâ—…ute liberally with a free and chearful Heart and open Hand which is the â—…um of all his Arguments as I shall â—…hew you in the Conclusion if Time permit But the great Difficulty concerns the proper Measures of a liberal and overflowing Charity Our Saviour has prescribed no set Bounds and Proportions to our Charity and it is thought as possible to be imprudent and excessive as too frugal and sparing We have many other Obligations upon us besides CHARITY to provide for our own comfortable Subsistence to take Care of our Wives and Children and to discharge all other Duties and Offices according to our Station and Character in the World All which ought to set Bounds to our Charity But what these Bounds are is thought the great Question which is not easily answered This is true nor can any certain Measures be prescribed nor does the Apostle pretend to it But though there is a great Latitude in true Christian Charity which does not consist in a Point but admits of different degrees and Proportions yet the Apostle in my Text directs us to such a Principle as is much better and safer than any stated Rules because it will be sure never to sink below the just Proportions of Charity and will render all we do be it more or less very acceptable to God For if there be first a willing mind it is accepted according to that a man hath and not according to that he hath not In which Words I shall observe Three Things which are expressed or necessarily implied in them First That a great readiness and Forwardness of Mind to do Good is the true Spirit of Charity which gives Value and Acceptation to all we do Secondly That this readiness of Mind to do Good to Relieve the Necessities of those who want will observe the just Proportions of Giving will give according to what a man hath as is necessarily implied in the Words for if a willing Mind be accepted according to what a man hath it is because it gives according to what a man hath Thirdly That where there is this Willing Mind with a fitting Proportion according to our Abilities whether it be more or less which we give it is equally acceptable to God Such a Man is accepted according to what â—…e hath not according to what he hath â—…ot I shall speak as briefly as I can to each of these that I may not be prevented in such an Application as is proper to this Solemnity First That a great Readiness and Forwardness of Mind 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifies to do Good to relieve the Necessities of those in Want is the true Spirit of Charity and gives Value and Acceptation to all we do Such a Willingness of Mind when 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it is the Principle and first Mover in all our Charitable Actions is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 very acceptable to God This I think I may take for granted for what is the Grace and Vertue of Charity but a Charitable Inclination Disposition Temper Habit of Mind And what is this but a Readiness and Forwardness to do Good Our Inclinations and Passions are the Principles of Action and therefore have a natural Tendency towards their proper Acts and Objects and will act when they have the Power and Opportunity of Action Charity is Love the Love of Pity and Compassion to the Miseries and Sufferings and Wants of our Brethren and Love in all other Instances is a very restless active Principle and so will our Love to the Poor and Miserable be if it be Inclination and Habit. There is no man but will pretend to be very ready and willing to do Good though he never does any For to have no Inclination to do Good is so Infamous that those who do no good are ashamed to own it but to do no good is a plain Evidence against them when nothing can hinder them from doing Good but the want of Will and Inclination to do it when God has furnished them with the means of doing Good and there are thousands of Objects to exercise their Charity and to move their Pity if they had any The Will is accepted for the Deed both by God and Men when it is not in our Power to do that Good which we sincerely desire to do and which we would certainly do were it in our Power but it is to mock both God and Men to pretend a Willingness when â—…t is
will observe a just proportion Let no Man then enquire how much he must give the proper enquiry is how much he must love Let no man satisfy himself with some small trifling Presents which bear no proportion to what he has upon pretence that God has prescribed no proportion of giving but let him ask himself Whether in his own Conscience what he gives bears any proportion to that love and charity to the poor and miserable which God requires and let him remember that though God has not fixt the proportions of giving he requires great degrees of Charity and though Men may give liberally without Charity yet not to give in some due proportion is a certain sign of want of Charity when there wants no ability to give Give me leave to observe by the way that what I have now said of Charity is true of all other Christian Graces and Virtues that it is the principle which both must and will give laws and measures to the external acts of such Graces and Virtues As to instance at present only in the Acts of Religious Worship the measures and proportions of which are as much disputed and no more determined and limited by the Laws of our Saviour than those of Charity We are commanded to fast and pray and to communicate at the Lord's Table and to read and meditate on the Holy Scriptures and such other acts of Religion but we are not told how often we must fast and pray and receive the Lord's Supper nor how much time we must spend in our publick or private Devotions for though all the publick Exercises of Religion must be regulated by the publick Authority of the Church which as to time and place and other external circumstances is the safest rule yet our private Devotions are free and both publick and private Devotions have a great latitude and thus as it is in the case of Charity some men think they can never spend time enough in the publick and private â—…xercises of Religion and others â—…hink a very little will serve the turn â—…nd any trifling pretence is sufficient to â—…xcuse them from their Closets or the Church and especially from the Lord's Table And the resolution of this is the same â—…s in the case of Charity We are commanded to be devout Worshippers of God and the true spirit of Devotion â—…aturally prescribes the external meaâ—…ures and proportions Devout minds who have a true sense of God and of their constant dependance on him That they owe all temporal and spiritual Blessings to him and daily need the pardon of their Sins the ptotection of his Providence and the supplies of his Grace will never fail to worship God whom they inwardly reverence and adore and as our devout sense of God encreases in strength and vigour the external expressions of devotion will be more frequent more lively and affecting for nature will exert it self and will exert it self in proportion to its strength and vigour But to return 3. The third thing I proposed I must at present wave that where there is a willing mind with a fit proportion according to our abilities which as you have heard there will be where there is a truly willing and charitable mind whether it be more or less that we give it is equally acceptable to God Such a man is accepted according to what he hath not according to what he hath not and indeed there is no great occasion to insist on it for it is self-evident that God will not exact that from us which we have not Only we must observe that this does not excuse any man from Charity though he have nothing to give he must have a willing charitable mind to make him accepted nor does it excuse those from Charity who have but little to give for they must give according to what they have nor does it excuse those who have nothing to give from other acts of Charity which require the giving nothing and a great many such acts of real charity there are which poor people may do for each other though they have not a penny in their purse But it is time now to turn my Discourse to the proper business of this great Solemnity Publick Charities are always reckoned amongst the greatest Ornaments of any Country and make up the most lovely and charming part of their Characters Stately and magnificent Buildings shew great Art and great Riches and a gallant and noble Genius but great Charities have something divine and strike the Mind with a Religious Veneration There may be much more magnificent Shows than this Day 's Procession but none which affect wise and good Men with a sincerer Pleasure To follow a great number of Orphans in the mean but decent Dress of Charity singing the Praises of God and praying for their Benefactors is beyond all the Roman Triumphs however adorned with a pompous Equipage and great numbers of Royal Slaves These present us with nothing but the miserable Spectacles of Spoil and Rapine the uncertain Changes and Viâ—…issitudes of Fortune the lamentable Fate of conquered Princes and People and the Pride and Insolence of Conquerors but here are the Triumphs of a generous Goodness and divine Charity Triumphs without Blood and Spoil without Slaves and Captives unless redeem'd Slaves rescued from the Jaws of Poverty and all the Injuries and Miseries of a ruined Fortune That to me this great City and this honourable Train never looks greater than in this humble Pomp. A Pomp not for Vanity and Ostentation but to endear and recommend Charity by shewing the visible and blessed Fruits of it and to the same End I must give you an account of the present State of these publick Charities The Report was here Read THAT these are all great Charities I need not tell you indeed all so great that it is hard to know to which to give the Preference and what occasion all these Charities have of fresh liberal and constant Supplies the Report acquaints you But I cannot pass over one thing I observe in this Report and which I fear many necessitous People feel that there have been no Orphans taken into Christ's Hospital this Year nor as I remember for two Years last past I do not mention this by way of Reflection as any fault in the administration and government but to put you in mind how much that excellent Foundation needs your Supply and though I do not love to compare Charities they being all of great use and necessity in their kind yet I think this Foundation has something to plead for it self beyond any other A helpless Age destitute of Friends â—…nd all means of Support will plead â—…or it self without saying any thing â—…t is a pitiable Sight to see poor â—…nnocent Children turned helpless inâ—…o the wide World to starve or beg or steal or to suffer all imaginable Difficulties and Necessities at home without Education without Government or Discipline without being used â—…o labour or taught any honest
great Reproach to a Christian Nation where such Doctrines are publickly owned and profess'd and such Persons courted and flattered as â—…he most refined Philosophical Wits I pray God this Nation do not find the â—…ischievous Effects of it both in Church â—…nd State Government can never be long secure without the Sacred Authority of Religion and destroy Revealed Religion and we shall quickly have none as is too visible in the Lives of Deists I 'm sure it is a vain thing to talk of a Reformation of Manners while such Men are suffered to poison the very Fountains to undermine all Religion and to root up the very Foundations of Piety and Vertue I do not love to prophesie ill Things but that Nation cannot reasonably expect to receive Good from God which is so unconcerned for his Glory and Worship it being the standing Rule of his Government He that honoureth me I will honour but those which despise me shall be lightly esteemed To God the Father God the Son and God the Holy Ghost be Honour Glory and Power now and for evermore Amen SERMON XII Preach'd on September 2. 1699. Being the Fast for the Fire of London at the Cathedeal Church of St. Paul's before the Right Honourable the Lord-Mayor Aldermen and Citizens of London Micah vi 9. The Lord's Voice crieth unto the City and the Man of Wisdom shall see thy Name Hear ye the Rod and who hath appointed it WHen the State of this World is Happy and Prosperous it is no wonder to see Men indulge themselves in Ease and Luxury forget God or grow careless and formal in Religion For though it might reasonably be expected that happy Creatures who rejoice in the Blessings of Heaven should be very devout Worshippers of that God from whose Bounty and Goodness they receive all yet Humane Nature in this degenerate State is very fond of sensual Pleasures And when an easie and plentiful Fortune puts it into Mens Power to enjoy as much of this World as they will there are but very few who can set Bounds to their Enjoyments and taste the Pleasures of this Life without taking large and intoxicating Draughts of it and this sensualizes Mens Minds and a carnal Mind is Enmity against God saith unto God Depart from us for we desire not the Knowledge of thy Ways Never any People had more sensible Demonstrations of the Power and Presence of God amongst them and his particular Care of them than the Israelites had and yet Moses tells us in his Prophetick Hymn Iesurun waxed fat and kicked thou art waxen fat thou art grown thick thou art covered with Fatness then he forsook God which made him and lightly esteemed the Rock of his Salvation Deut. 32. 15. And thus God complains Isa. 1. 2 3. Hear O Heavens and give ear O Earth for the Lord hath spoken I have nourished and brought up Children and they have rebelled against me The Ox knoweth his Owner and the Ass his Master's Crib but Israel doth not know my People doth not consider And as much as we may despise and abhor the Ingratitude of the Iews this is the general State of Mankind and we may find too many Examples of it in all Times and Nations But it seems much more unaccountable when the Iudgments of God are abroad in the World that the Inhabitants thereof should not learn Righteousness Because Judgments are apt to awaken Men and make them consider When God speaks in Thunder and Lightning those must be deaf indeed who will not hear This is the merciful Design of Providence in sending such terrible Judgments on the World to make Men consider their Ways and their Doings and to convince them that there is a God that judgeth in the Earth For Judgments have a Voice had we but Ears to hear They proclaim the Power and the Majesty of God a terrible Majesty and irresistible Power theâ—… scourge and they threaten Sinners anâ—… call for Weeping and Mourning anâ—… Fasting And how unthankful soever thâ—… Iews were to God for his great Mercieâ—… and Deliverances yet they were not so insensible of his Judgments When he sleâ—… them then they sought him and returned and enquired early after God and remembred that God was their Rock and thâ—… High God their Redeemer Psalm 78â—… 34 35. This we are exhorted to in my Text To hear the Rod and who hath appointed it To consider for what reasons those Evils which we at any time suffer are come upon us and what God intends by the Rod which is the only way to grow better by our Afflictions and to prevail with God in great Pity and Compassion to remove them But this is the great difficulty Who shall reveal this Secret to us How shall we distinguish between the Corrections of God and the Wickedness of Men How shall we understand the Language of the Rod and to whom it speaks for what Sins it strikes and who are those Achans that are the Troublers of our Israel and what God expects from us in such Cases I shall briefly explain these things to you and apply it to the present Occasion But I must premise That I only address my self now to those who believe a God and a Providence and that God hath revealed his Will and the Rule of his Providence in the Holy Scriptures As for Atheists and Infidels who have neither Eyes nor Ears they can only feel the Rod like Bruits not hear its Voice like Men Though the Lord's Voice crieth unto the City it is only the Men of Wisdom that see his Name Now as for those who believe a God and the Holy Scriptures there are two very plain Interpreters of God's Judgments Natural Conscience and the Word of God For the Judgments of God have not an Articulate Voice to acquaint us in plain and express Words upon what Errand they come but they are Signs which speak by an Interpreter and if we carefully attend to the Dictates of Natural Conscience and to the Word of God we cannot mistake their meaning 1. As first No Man who attends either to the Dictates of Natural Conscience or to the Word of God can doubt who it is that hath appointed the Rod This is the first and most naturaâ—… question of all and yet a great many who profess to believe a God and a Providence seem not well satisfied in this Point They allow that some Judgments are the Hand of God but are not willing to grant this of all especially when they see what the immediate and visible Causes of such Sufferings are Some of the greatest Evils which either private Men or Publick Societies suffer are manifestly owing to the Injustice and Wickedness of Men and they can no more believe that it is the Will and Appointment of God that they should suffer such Evils than that it is the Will of God that others should do them And all such Rods as are not appointed by God can teach us nothing but the Wickedness of those by whom
we suffer for if God has not sent them they can bring us no Message from God And yet most Men are in some degree infected with this Disease We suffer many Evils which we are not willing to ascribe to God and then we learn nothing from them but a little Worldly Policy and Prudence to take better care of our selves and our Affairs to be jealous and distrustful of Men or it may be to watch our Opportunities to revenge the Injuries we suffer and to return them with Interest And yet we profess to believe a Providence though it were as Honourable to God to deny his Providence as to deny his Sovereign Disposal and Government of all Events or rather they are both an equal Reproach to him For a Providence which does not take care of Creatures is little worth and we cannot say that God takes care of his Creatures if any Evil befals them without his Will and Appointment But Natural Conscience sees the Hand of God in all the Evils we suffer Whatever the visible and immediate Causes and Instruments of our Sufferings are a guilty Conscience takes notice of the Divine Vengeance the Terrors of God take hold upon him and he trembles before his Judge though he do not see him he is afraid of God when he feels only the Hands of Men. And what is the meaning of this What is the Language of these guilty Fears but that whatever the Rod be that strikes it is moved and directed by a Divine Hand that the Wickedness and Injustice the Wrath and Fury of Men is no other than the Vengeance of God For why should the Evils we suffer from Men so terrifie a guilty Conscience had we not a Natural Persuasion that all these Evils are sent by God whoever are the Instruments of them Thus it is natural in all such Cases to fly to God for help Atheists themselves cannot wholly prevent this but when they are surprized with any sudden Dangers Nature is too quick and too powerful for their Philosophy and surprizes them into an Acknowledgment of God and a Providence which they must do Penance for when their Fright is over Sinners who forget God in Prosperity fly to him in their Distress remember that God is their Rock and the High God their Redeemer And if this be a Natural Acknowledgment of Providence as it certainly is it owns the Hand of God in our Sufferings as well as his Power to save for both equally belong to the Supreme and Sovereign Lord of the World and it is not meerly his Power to help which makes Sinners fly to God in their Distress but a Sense of his Anger in what they suffer They do not fly to God as Men do to a powerful Patron but as Criminals do to the Mercy of a provok'd Father or Prince When they fly to God it is to implore his Mercy as humble Penitents to appease his Anger that he may remove his Judgments and when we fly to the Mercies of God to remove the Rod it is an Acknowledgment that it is â—…e that strikes as well as he alone that can save And that Conscience judges right in all this however some Men may attribute it to a Superstitious Education is evident from Scripture which expresly tells us That God doth whatsoever pleaseth him both in Heaven and in Earth That none can stay his Hand or resist his Will or say unto him What dost thou That there is no Evil in the City which the Lord hath not done If Iob be stript of all his large Possessions in a day it is the Lord that gave and the Lord that taketh away If the mighty King of Assyria invade Israel and lay waste their Cities and Country he is the Rod of God's Anger and the Staff in his Hand is his Indignation Isa. 10. 5 6. Affliction cometh not forth of the Dust neither doth Trouble spring out of the Ground but God is the Iudge he putteth down one and setteth up another Psal. 75. 7 8. This shews us that whatever our Sufferings are it is God that appoints the Rod and then it must nearly concern us 2dly To hear the Rod what and to whom it speaks Now in this Case also Conscience and the Word of God are the best Interpreters of God's Judgments The Rod teacheth another way but teacheth the same thing that Conscience and Scripture teach us that is it proclaims aloud the Evil of Sin and God's Anger and Displeasure against it and calls us to Repentance and Reformation of our Lives When the Judgments of God are upon us Conscience knows their Errand and calls all our Sins to remembrance and sets them in order before us Nothing but Guilt makes us afraid of God and how quiet and secure soever Sinners are at other times the Judgments of God will awaken their guilty Fears and if Men will hearken to the Voice of an awaken'd Conscience it will certainly tell them why God strikes and we cannot take a safer Course than to reform those Sins of which our Consciences then accuse us All the Threatnings of Scripture are against Sin and all the Judgments there recorded especially Publick and National Judgments were inflicted for the Punishment of Sin and these are to be our Examples as they are the standing Rules and Measures of Providence God never punishes but for Sin though he may exercise particular good Men with difficult Trials and therefore when bad Men and a wicked Nation suffer they may certainly know the Cause they have sinned and God is angry and summons them to Repentance for this is the fruit of all to take away Sin The Voice of Judgments is the same with the Voice of Conscience and the Voice of God's Prophets Wash 〈◊〉 make ye clean put away the Evil of â—…our Doings from before mine Eyes Cease to do Evil learn to do well seek Iudgment relieve the Oppressed judge the Fatherless plead for the Widow Isa. 1. 16 17. This is plain enough and sufficiently known if it were but sufficiently laid to Heart and this is all that we are concerned to know of the Judgments of God The secret and hidden Deâ—…gns of Providence which many times surpize the World with unexpecteâ—… Events are the Care of God anâ—… belong not to us till the Scene oâ—… pens and we see what part is alloâ—… ted us in it Whatever God be aâ—… doing we have nothing to do but tâ—… amend our Lives which will removâ—… the Scourge from us and entitle us tâ—… the Care and Protection of Providencâ—… Whereas to busie our selves with Poliâ—… tick or Prophetick Guesses at unknowâ—… Events to paint our Imaginations witâ—… black and frightful or with gay anâ—… charming Scenes of Things as despondâ—… ing Fears or sanguine Hopes inspire thâ—… Prophet can do us no good but may dâ—… a great deal of hurt to our selves anâ—… the World This is not the Voice oâ—… the Rod which makes no new Reveâ—… lations to us but only awakens thâ—…
Convictions of Conscience and enforceâ—… the Reproofs and Threatnings of the Word with such sensible and smarting Proofs of the Evil of Sin and God's Anger against it as will make all Men consider who have not lost their Senses and many times restore Sense and Understanding to those who had lost them But this to some Men will seem a very dull Account of God's Judgments which will neither gratifie their Curiosity nor ill Nature nor which they think worse leave them any excuse to palliate their Hypocrisie The Judgments of God declare God's Anger against Sin and call us to Repentance This Men will own but do not like to hear it express'd in such general Terms as if when God sends his Judgments amongst us he were angry with â—…s for all our Sins and called us to repent of them all This they think hard that they must part with all their Sins to remove these Judgments nay this they think can't be the Truth of the Case because the World is always very wicked and yet the Judgments of God are not always abroad in the World And therefore they suppose that when God does execute Judgments it is not Sin in general but some particular Sins which so highly provoke him and could they learn what they are and reform them they might see happy Days again And this sets Men at liberty to favour what Sins they please to reproach and accuse each other and to charge all the Evils and Calamities they suffer upon one another without thinking of reforming themselves Thus to be sure it always is when there are differing Parties and Factions in a Nation who judge very differently of Good and Evil They will all confess they are great Sinners and it may be too many of all Parties are guilty of the same Sins but those Sins which are common to them all must pass for nothing because so far they are all agreed But then there are peculiar Party-Sins which every Party dislikes in each other and what they dislike they conclude God dislikes too and to these they attribute all the Evils they suffer As if the Judgments of God were not to reform the World but to decide some Party-Quarrels which will never be decided this way when every Party will expound Judgments in favour of themselves But all Men see that this is to judge by a false and partial Rule This is neither Conscience nor Scripture for Conscience equally condemns all Sin and so does the Scripture too I grant tho' there is always a great deal of wickedness committed in the World God does not always inflict Publick Judgments which are commonly executed when Wickedness and Impiety is grown publick too when publick Government is remiss in punishing Wickedness or the Numbers and Power of Sinners are grown too great for the Correction of publick Justice But we shall always find in Scripture that when God did inflict publick Judgments he called for a general Repentance and Reformation and if this were not so no Man could understand the Voice of the Rod without a Spirit of Prophecy But this deserves a more particular Consideration both with respect to those Sins for which God most commonly sends his Judgments when he sees fit to execute a publick Vengeance and the necessity of an universal Reformation when the Judgments of God are upon us 1. The most general Account the Scripture gives us of publick Judgments is an universal Corruption of Manners Thus the Prophet describes the State of the Iewish Church when God threatned his Judgments against them Ah â—…nful Nation a People laden with Iniquiry a Seed of evil Doers Children that are Corrupters they have forsaken the Lord they have provoked the Holy One oâ—… Israel they are gone away backward And the whole Head is sick and the wholâ—… Heart faint From the Sole of the Foot unto the Head there is no Soundnesâ—… in it but Wounds and Bruises and puâ—… trifying Sores they have not been closed nor bound up nor mollified with Oint ment Isa. 1. 4 5 6. And in Verse 10 he calls them The Rulers of Sodom anâ—… People of Gomorrah When Wickednesâ—… is grown universal and hath infected alâ—… Ranks and Orders of Men such a Nation is ripe for Judgment but it addâ—… greatly to the Guilt and Provocation when Men are not contented to bâ—… wicked without bidding open Defiane to God and to all Religion Wo untâ—… them who draw Iniquity with Cords of Vanity and sin as it were with Cart-ropeâ—… Who deride all the Threatnings of God and even dare his Power and Justice That say Let him make speed and hast en his Work that we may see it and leâ—… the Counsel of the Holy One of Israel draâ—… nigh and come that we may know iâ—… Who mock at the differences of Gooâ—… and Evil and value the Reputation oâ—… their Wit and Philosophy too much to beâ—… cheated with such empty Names Wo unto them that call Evil Good and Good Evil that put Darkness for Light and Light for Darâ—…ss that put Bitter for Sweet and Sweet 〈◊〉 â—…itter Wo unto them that are wise in their own Eyes and prudent in their own Sight Who having first destroyed the eternal and essential differences of Good and Evil change their Names too at pleasure and think themselves the only wise Men in the World for doing so This takes off all Restraints and gives the Reins to their Lusts and they live just as they believe without making any difference between Good and Evil. Wo unto them that are mighty to drink Wine and Men if strength to mingle strong Drink who justifie the Wicked for a Reward and take â—…ay the Righteousness of the Righteous from him Therefore as the Fire devouâ—…eth the Stubble and the Flame consumeth the Chaff so their Root shall be as Rotâ—…nness and their Blossom shall go up as the Dust because they have cast away the Law of the Lord of Hosts and despised the Word of the Holy One of Israel Isa. 5. 18 c. The like Account we find in the other Prophets And when the State of a Church and Nation is so corrupt we need not enquire for what particular Sins God strikes but yet there were some Sins which God expressed 〈◊〉 severer Indignation against and seldoâ—… delayed to punish such as their Idâ—… latry and Contempt of the God oâ—… Israel of his Word and Prophets Prophanation of his Worship Atheâ—… istical Notions of Providence and 〈◊〉 Good and Evil or their abominabâ—… Hypocrisie in committing all the Lewâ—… ness and Villanies which Men couâ—… commit and sheltring themselves in aâ—… external Form and Appearance of Râ—… ligion which the Prophets every wheâ—… complain of To these Causes is oâ—… ing the universal Corruption of Maâ—… ners for it is impossible any Natiâ—… should so universally degenerate tâ—… they have either corrupted their Reâ—… gion by Superstition and Hypocrisie lost all Sense of it and therefore tâ—… calls for a speedy Vengeance As for what more particularly
signifies a gracious and favourable Acceptance and this no Man can promise himself who will not pray where God has promised to hear All the Promises of the Gospel are originally made to the Christian Church the Body of Christ and to particular Christians as Members of and in Communion with the Christian Church But those cannot pretend to be in Communion with the Church who never Communicate with it who though they form no Schism yet withdraw themselves from its Publick Assemblies and will either be no Christians which I fear is too often the Case or will be Christians by themselves Now if they know of any Promises made to them in this single Capacity let them take the Comfort of it for my part I know of none Those who live in Communion with the Church and serve God in his House as oft as Leisure and Opportunity will permit may expect a Gracious Return to their Private Prayers which are offered to God in the Name of Christ and in the Communion of the Church but this is no Encouragement to those who set up Private Devotions against Publick Worship 4thly Let us worship the Lord in the Beauty of Holiness that is when we approach the House of God let us take care to worship him This is the proper Work of the Place we have no other Business here and it is Prophaneness not to do it There is no Reverence due to the House as I observed before but there is to that God who dwells in it When Moses and Ioshua were commanded to put off their Shoes because the Ground was Holy it was not to worship the Ground but that God who was present there And for the same Reason if we believe the Presence of God in Christian Churches it will not only justifie but require all the visible Signs of a Religious Reverence that to uncover the Head and bow the Body may escape the Censure of Superstition or Idolatry And while we are in the House and Presence of God especially in time of Worship we must carefully abstain from all irreverent Behaviour Laughing Whispering Talking or any such Indecencies as unbecoming the Presence of a Prince or any Superiours much more the Presence of God And yet this is too familiar a Practice and that among some who if they have no sense of or Reverence for the Divine Presence themselves yet in good Manners and common Prudence ought not to affront Christian Assemblies nor set such a scandalous Example to others What St. Paul said to the Corinthians concerning their irreverent Behaviour at the Lord's Supper is very applicable to these Men Have ye not Houses to converse and talk and laugh in or despise ye the Church and Presence of God And when we approach the House of God let us heartily joyn in all the parts of Worship with Attention of Mind and fervent Passions This becomes the Place and the Presence we are in We come to worship God and not to worship him is a Contempt and a Contempt put upon him in his own Presence And truly I know not how to excuse those from this Contempt who turn their Backs upon any part of the Christian Worship You may easily guess what I mean Is Communicating at the Lord's Table any Part of the Christian Worship Nay is it not the principal Part of it How comes it to pass then that when our Churches are crowded at Prayers or Sermons the Table of the Lord is deserted Certainly if Christ be ever present with us it is in this Mysterious Supper Why then do we fly from the Presence of our Lord Why do we approach his House and refuse to eat and drink at his Table though he offers us the dearest Pledges of his Love his Flesh to eat and his Blood to drink To God the Father God the Son and God the Holy Ghost be Honour Glory and Power now and for ever Amen SERMON XIV Preach'd at St. Paul's Cathedral November 22. 1699. Being the Anniversary Meeting of the Lovers of Musick Psalm LXXXI 1 2. Sing aloud unto God our strength make a joyful noise unto the God of Iacob Take a Psalm and bring hither the Timbrel the pleasant Harp with the Psaltery TO Praise God is acknowledged by all men to be the most Excellent part of Divine Worship it is the Religion of happy Creatures and the Natural Homage due to Infinite Goodness which is the most Glorious Perfection of the Deity It exercises the best Passions of our Souls in the most perfect manner Love Ioy Reverence Admiration which are the proper Passions of Devotion made for God who is their last Object and made for the praise of God which is their most perfect Exercise We cannot well conceive what other Acts of Religion can be proper for Heaven when we shall be advanced to the utmost perfection of our Natures when we shall have put of Mortality and Corruption and all other wants with them when a Complete and Consummate Happiness shall leave no more place for Desire when we shall have nothing more to ask of God nothing more to expect but the secure Possession and Enjoyment of those Pleasures which fill but never satiate which are Eternally repeated and are Eternally New and Fresh I say in such a State as this as Faith will be turned into Sight and Hope into Enjoyment so Prayer also which is so great a part of the Worship of Sinners and indigent Creatures will be all turned into Thanksgiving and Praise Now as for this reason St. Paul prefers Charity before Faith and Hope because though they are admirable Graces for the state of Christians in this World and absolutely necessary to carry us to Heaven yet they cannot enter into Heaven themselves where Charity attains its greatest Glory and Perfection so by the same Reason it appears that Praise and Thanksgiving is the most excellent part of Worship because this is the Religion of Heaven and therefore ought to be the chief Delight and Entertainment of those who hope to go to Heaven But what is it to praise God Is it only to sing aloud and to make a joyful noise to God Does it consist meerly in the Harmonious Melody of Voices and Musical Instruments Does he praise God best who composes the best Anthems or sings them best Or do we think that we then praise God best when we feel our selves the most transported and ravished with excellent Musick performed by the best Voices the choicest Instruments and the greatest Masters This is a very easy and a pleasant way of praising God if this would carry us to Heaven but this is only to praise the Musick the Composition or the Performance when we think of nothing else come for no other end and mean no more by it I would not have you mistake me I do not appear in this place at this time to decry or disparage the use of Musick in the Worship of God which would neither become this Presence nor my own Character
of Humane Nature is to do good this I take to be the great Advantage and Glory of Riches and Power that it makes Men Publick Patrons and Tutelar Angels to their fellow Creatures which is the nearest Resemblance of the Perfection and Happiness of God and in the Pagan World made Gods of Men But Self-love knows nothing of this Happiness but destroys not only the Sense but the Notion of it But to set aside other Considerations Mankind will not suffer a Man to make himself Easie and Happy by Self-love When he is known they combine against him as a common Enemy they load him with Infamy and Reproach they strip him of his ill-gotten Riches and severely revenge his Injuries this is the great End of Humane Government and the proper use of the Rods and Axes of Princes to restrain and govern Self-love and to punish the outrages it commits This is enough to satisfie us of the Folly and Unreasonableness of this Principle and how impossible it is that Self-love should make any Man happy I will add but one Argument more to disswade you from it that this Self-love can never enter into Heaven That is a Holy Place a Spiritual State wherein nothing can enter that is Unclean Flesh and Blood whether a fleshly Carnal Mind or an Earthly Body cannot inherit the Kingdom of God There God is all in all there is Universal Love among all those blessed Inhabitants and therefore there can be nothing of Self O that blessed Place where there is perfect Unity and Harmony of Souls no Parties and Factions no Emulations and Jealousies no Private Interests no Rivals where all center in God and embrace each other and mingle Flames and feel and rejoyce in each others Happiness To which Blessed Place God of his infinite Mercy bring us all through our Lord Iesus Christ To whom with the Father and the Holy Ghost be Honour Glory and Power now and for ever Amen SERMON XVI Preached at the Temple Church 2 Cor. iv ver 18. While we look not at the things which are seen but at the things which are not seen For the things which are seen are temporal but the things which are not seen are eternal THIS is the Principle of that true greatness of Mind which appeared in the Apostles and Primitive Christians and enabled them to do that which the Pagan Philosophy boasted of without doing viz. to contemn the World and to live above its Hopes and Fears to bear the Miseries of Life and to despise the Pleasures of it to suffer Shame and Reproach and the loss of all Things and Death it self made as terrible as Pain could make it not only without Fear but with Joy and Triumph For which Cause saith the Apostle we faint not but though our outward man perish yet the inward man is renewed day by day for our light affliction which is but for a moment worketh for us a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory while we look not at the things which are seen but at the things which are not seen for the things which are seen are temporal but the things which are not seen are eternal By the Things which are seen is meant all the Good and all the Evil things of this Life by the things which are not seen all the Happiness and Miseries of the Life to come But is not this a very strange Choice to prefer what is absent and unseen before what is present and sensible To be unconcerned about the Happiness or Miseries of this Life and to live upon unseen Hopes and Fears No saiâ—… 〈◊〉 Apostle We have all the reasoâ—… 〈◊〉 world to do so because seen thingâ—…â—…re but temporal and unseen things are eternal This World will last but a little while the Fashion of this World passeth away but the World to come will have no end and this makes such a difference between seen and unseen Things that there can be no reasonable Competition as there is no Comparison between them So that in speaking to these Words there are two things distinctly to be considered 1. The Reasonableness of this Principle of looking to unseen Things or of living by Faith for it is Faith alone that can give us a View of the invisible World And 2. The Reasonableness of this Choice in preferring unseen before seen Things because the things which are seen are temporal but the things which are not seen are eternal 1. The Reasonableness of this Christian Principle of Action of looking at unseen things or living by Faith Some unthinking Men are apt to make a Jest of believing if you have any natural Reasons or sensible Demonstrations they will hearken to you but Faith is below a man of Wit and Philosophy who knows how many Cheats and Impostors there have been in the World But such men little consider how necessary Faith is in Humane Life that they themselves in a thousand Cases have no other Principle to act upon in the greatest Concernments of this Life and that upon much less evidence than we have for another World There are but three ways of knowing any thing Sense or Reason or Faith which last extends further and has a more universal Influence upon the Government of our Lives than either Sense or Reason Our whole Conversation with Mankind is resolved into Believing into a Civil Historical or Political Faith all humane Commerce and Intercourse is founded on it and there are very few Actions of our Lives that can be performed without it that he who will not believe must not live in this World And is it not absurd and ridiculous then to laugh at believing when they might as well laugh Sense and Reason out of the World and live as well without them Now if we must live by Faith in this World if we must believe and must trust one another if we must depend on Mens Word or Oath or Friendship or Honesty though we can have no natural Certainty or Demonstration of Moral Causes what reason can there be to banish Faith out of Religion which is of such absolute necessity in all the other Concernments of Life One would think there should be less need of Faith for this World than for the next which is an invisible State and can be certainly known only by Revelation and if Faith be ever reasonable it is most reasonable where it is most necessary where there is no other means of knowledge This is enough to shew you how little those Men understand themselves who ridicule Faith which is to ridicule Humane Nature and all Humane Conversation If we may if we must believe if we cannot live without believing it must make a man contemptible to talk against all Faith which is an Essential part of Humane Knowledge and a necessary Principle of Moral Prudence Some Men are so afraid of being thought easy and credulous that they run into the other Extream and will believe nothing at least nothing concerning another World And think
credulous Fools and to think themselves the only wise Men in the World to be wise in their own eyes and prudent in their own Sight This indeed perfects all the rest and there is no help for it for if they will contradict all Mankind they must think either themselves or all the rest of Mankind to be Fools Now I believe those who are at all acquainted with the Passions of Human Nature cannot think this is a very easie thing to despise the general Sense of Mankind which at least looks more like the Sense of Nature than the private Opinions of some few Philosophers or to scorn all Men for Fools and Ideots who ever believed a God and a Providence the moral Differences of Good and Evil Revelation Prophecy and Miracles Nothing but absolute Demonstration can reasonably harden a Man against such an universal Consent and it is enough to make any Man to suspect even Demonstration it self to have all the World against him For we can never think that all Mankind should conspire to resist Demonstration and yet by what I have already said you may easily perceive that they are far enough from demonstrating the Principles of Atheism and Infidelity But besides the general Sense of Mankind which they may despise as an unthinking Multitude though the less of Thought and Design the more there appears of Nature in such a general Consent but I say besides this they should consider how many very wise thinking Men and great Philosophers have in these Points thought as the Multitude do I will not name Moses and the Prophets nor Christ and his Apostles for whom I know they have little Reverence but what think they of Pythagoras and Plato and Tully and Seneca and Epictetus and many other such Men Were they all Fools too and yet they were neither Atheists nor Infidels and were zealous Preachers of moral Vertue And as for the Unthinking Multitude as they call them it is worth considering that the greatest Numbers of them are as wicked as they themselves are or could wish them to be that it is sufficiently their interest to be Atheists and Infidels too and yet Nature is too strong for their Fears and they believe a God and the Difference of Good and Evil though they believe and tremble as the Devils do It is wonderful what should give these Men such Confidence to despise all the World and I can think of no other Reason for it but that they find it necessary and the only way they have to be even with the World that since all Mankind despise them they will despise all Mankind But they find this a very unequal Match and are very uneasie under it For the Judgment of all Mankind is a perswasive Argument of the Sense of Nature their despising Mankind is only a Sign of Folly and Impudence I shall make some few Observations on what I have said and so conclude I. I observe how the Love of Sin will corrupt Mens natural Sense and Notions of Things and blind and stupifie their Minds Nothing else but this can make an Atheist or an Infidel That there wants no Proof of the Being of God is evident from the general Belief of Mankind and there is nothing in the Notion of a God which should make any Man averse to the Belief of a God but only his Justice in punishing Sinners and that can make no Man afraid of believing a God but those who resolve to live in Sin There is no other Exception Men can take against the Gospel of Christ which promises Forgiveness of Sins to those who repent of their Sins and reform their Lives but that Repentance and Reformation are made the Gospel Terms of Forgivness and Hell-fire is denounced against impenitent Sinners If we consider this before-hand it may convince us how unnatural Sin is and how foolish Sinners are Sin can never be reconciled to the Principles of Nature and Sinners are so foolish as to put out the Light of Nature that they may transgress the Laws of Nature which is a very foolish Design to put out the Light that we may sin and not know it till we feel our selves eternally damned for it 2dly This may satisfie us how difficult a thing it is to sin with security much more difficult than to obey the Laws of God It is a much easier thing to conquer and subdue our sensual Lusts and Appetites by the Arguments and Motives of Religion by the Fear of God and the Rewards and Punishments of the next Life than it is to deliver our selves from the Notions of Good and Evil from the Belief of a God and of the Gospel of Christ that if we consult our own Ease and Satisfaction it is much easier to be a good Man and to be saved than to live in Sin without the Fears of Damnation 3dly I observe how vain a thing it is to be wicked upon Principles Men of Honour when they know they do such things as the World accounts infamous think themselves in Reputation bound to justifie them but those Principles whereby they pretend to justifie their Vices are more infamous than their Vices themselves as an Atheist or Infidel in the Opinion of the VVorld is a more contemptible Creature than a common Sinner All Men who are liable to Temptations themselves have a great Compassion for the VVeakness of Human Nature but when Men will justifie their Vices and justifie them by renouncing God and all Religion this strikes those who otherwise it may be are as bad themselves with Horror and Indignation makes wise Men despise them and good Men abhor them and I wish this general Contempt of them were more publick and visible which would either cure their Atheism and Infidelity or make them more modest that they should not appear so wise in their own eyes and prudent in their own sight 4thly I observe the irrecoverable Condition of these Men who call evil good and good evil who put darkness for light and light for darkness who put bitter for sweet and sweet for bitter who are wise in their own eyes and prudent in their own sight they have hardened themselves beyond the ordinary Methods of God's Grace and therefore must unavoidably fall under this VVo For when Men have wilfully put out their Eyes and stifled all the natural Notions of their Minds you may as well think of converting bruit Beasts as of converting them This is a miserable hopeless State VVhich God of his infinite Mercy deliver us all from through Jesus Christ our Lord. 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