Selected quad for the lemma: life_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
life_n	latin_a	perfect_a	tense_n	18	3	16.0917	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A41547	Tyrocinium linguæ latinæ, or, The Latine apprentice made free-man wherein are discussed the difficulties which do incumber those who have to translate the English particles, moods, and tenses, according to the Latine idiome, or to make the reduction of verbs, and participles, from actives to passives, from personals to impersonals, from finits to infinits, or contrariwise : to these are subjoyn'd the differences and proprieties of Latine particles, such as, suiis, sui, ipse, quidam, quispiam, &c. and an alphabetical catalogue of verbs, which under one signification will have diverse regiments and constructions : in the last place followeth (as an epiphonema) most usefull and methodical rules of composing / published for the instruction of youth, by Alex. Gordon ...	Gordon, Alexander, Sir, 1650-1726.	1664 (1664)	Wing G1276; ESTC R256	95,295	274

IMPRIMATUR November 7. 1663. Roger L'Strange Tyrocinium Linguae Latinae OR THE LATINE APPRENTICE MADE FREE-MAN Wherein are Discussed the Difficulties which do Incumber those who have to Translate the English Particles Moods and Tenses according to the Latine Idiome or to make the Reduction of Verbs and Participles from Actives to Passives from Personals to Impersonals from Finits to Infinits or Contrariwise To these are Subjoyn'd the Differences and Proprieties of Latine Particles such as Suus Sui Ipse Quidam Quispiam c. And an Alphabetical Catalogue of Verbs which under one Signification will have diverse Regiments and Constructions In the Last Place followeth as an Epiphonema most Usefull and Methodical Rules of Composing Ovid. Principiis obsta serò Medicina paratur Cum mala per longas invaluere moras Published for the Instruction of Youth By Alex. Gordon Gent. LONDON Printed by T. M. For Mathias Walker at the Sign of the three Hearts at the West end of St. Pauls 1664. FOR THE Right Honourable HENRY HOWARD Esquire Eldest Son of the Right Honourable Henry Howard Esquire and Heir Apparent to his Grace the Duke of Norfolk Premier Duke Premier Earle and Premier Baron of England and First of the HOWARDS Most Honoured SIR I Hope I shall not need a further Apology for this Presumption then to let Your Honour understand that I have been known a Servant to Your most Illustrious Family and have been Dignified with the Quality of Conductor As Tutor to Your Noble Cousin Mr. John Howard Only Son to that Incomparable Person the Right Honourable my Lord Viscount Andever and Heir apparent to the House of Berkshire Quem terris tantum ostenderunt fata An inestimable Jewel that Nature but shewed and straight put up again This Gemm being thus Ravished from the World and me to whom I originally intended this Service Elucent reason cast me upon this boldness to make my Addresse to Your Most Honourable Patronage who are the Heyre of all the Hopes of all Your Superexcellent House and the Top of so Numerous and Noble a Family next after Your most Illustrious Father who hath by His known Gallantry and Transcendent Generosity superadded more Lustre and Glory to his dead Ancestors than ever he received from them though all so Eminently Recorded in the Book of Fame In the next place I presume Your Noble Goodness will be more inclinable to Pardon this great Boldness that I have taken to Plant Your Honoured Name in the Frontispiece of this Tyrocinium it being so suitable to Your Tender Years and I hope it will prove usefull for Your Honour and all the Nobility of the Nation to make Your Ingress more easie into the Latine Tongue which with Your other Perfections that all the World already not only Prognosticates but reads in Your present Epitome will I doubt not place you in a greater Volume amongst all those Glorious Heroes before spoken of under the Canopy of Immortality and if this small Mite of Mine may contribute any thing towards it I shall arrive at my utmost ambition which is next after my Deceased Master to have Served so Princely a Person as Your Self and to be Honoured so far as to be Owned still by Your Most Excellent Family in Quality of a Servant and by Your Great Goodness As Sir Your Most Humble Honourer and Oblidged Faithful Creature Alexander Gordon THE PREFACE TO THE READER MAny there are that think that a Scholler who hath been carefully Instructed in his Rules of Grammer and hath Learned his Syntax several times over needs no further Instruction for matter of Composing But it is not known by Experience the most evident Demonstration in Nature that notwithstanding the Grammattical Theorie done in the exactest manner Young beginners when they come to the Practical part do not onely stick but fall into great absurdities and faults no lesse worthy of Pitty then Remedy The reason hereof is so manifest that there can be nothing said against it to wit that every Language hath its own Dialect or particular way of speaking the Latine hath its Latinismes the English its Anglicismes but of the last of the Grammer makes not nor cannot any mention therefore it is no marvel if one that hath learned his Grammer faile exceedingly when he meets with difficulties whereof he hath heard nothing And as often as this falls out our Young Schollers striving to Regulate the Latine by the English Phrase stumble into most Ridiculous errors not knowing the Antipathie and diversity that is oftentimes found betwixt two Languages As for Example The English Verbs are often to be rendred into Latine by the Active Voice when they are of themselves of the Passive and contrariwise by the Passive when they are in the Active As Cicero is followed by all Orators If you would say according to the English Dialect Cicero sequitur ab omnibus Oratoribus you should be guilty of Incongruity because a Deponent hath no Passive Voice wherefore you must put it Actively into Latine and say Ciceronem sequntur omnes Oratores I am well pleased with your Civility here your English Verb is of the Passive Voice and in Latine it is put Actively thus Placet mihi tua urbanitas But in following your English Phrase you would say Placeor tuâ urbanitate Although it hath not the Passive Voice Oftentimes there goeth Prepositions in the English before the Infinitive As Without drinking without eating before drinking or eating so that in this Case if one would follow the English phrase and say Sinè manducare antequàm Libere antequà manducare He would be Ridiculously Incongruous But what shall I say of the diversity of the Tenses in both Languages which is so great that the Imperfect of the English is often express'd by the Present in the Latine As He loves you so much that he would loose his life for you Ità te amat ut pro te vitam amittat Sometimes the Present Tense of the English is rendered by the Perfect Tense of the Latine and the English Perfect by the Plusquam Perfect Neither can the English Gerunds or Participles be put by the same Gerunds Participles of the Latine and we are often necessitate to reduce the Participles to the Finite Mood of the Verbs from which they descend specially when the Verbs have no participle and then it is hard to know in what Tense they are to be put Besides all these difficulties consider how hard a thing it is to change the English Particles such as That What By Of c. into the Particles and wayes of speaking suitable to the Latine seeing they are so diversly taken in both Languages Lastly That I may not insist in shewing a thing of it self so manifest what grosse mistakes are there seen amongst young beginners in not knowing the Nature and Proprieties of the Latine Particles such As Alius Alter Quisque Aliquis Quidam Sui Suus c. Of all which difficulties and that not

hath which is Colo and then say Adulator colit Laudat omnes or you may change your Active If it be easier to be done then by altering the other into a Synonime of the same nature that the other Verb is of Secondly You may repeat the word Governed Omnes and put it after each Verb in their proper Cases As Adulator omnibus blanditur omnes laudat if you finde it not expedient to repeat the governed word then after the last Verb put is or ille in the case convenient and say Adulator omnibus blanditur eosque Laudat Remember to leave out the Conjunction if the governed word be repeated oftner then twice As Adulator omnes Laudat omnibus blanditur omnium captat benevolentiam by the figure Polyptoton or Metagoge Perhaps you may say that in satisfying one Verb explicitly you do not defraud the other since the Case that it governeth is understood As Adulator laudat omnes blanditur supp omnibus yet this is rather to be remarked then followed wheresoever you find it and most usually these wayes of speaking are put by one of the wayes above and use in matters of this kinde is equivalent to a positive Rule or Law CHAP. XI Concerning the marke of an Active Verb and the Regiment of Passive Verbs and Verbs of Receiving IT is hard if not impossible to make known perfectly by precepts which is known by practise so stands the Case now with me who is to give the mark of an Active Verb which by practise and long experience is certainly know For let a young Scholer consider the definition of the Active Verb left to him by the Grammarians and he will find it in appearance agree to a Neuter Verb for they say that an Active ends in o and signifieth to do some Action which by adding the letter r becometh a Passive but one that is little acquainted with an Active Verb may imagine all these marks to agree to the Verb Noceo which is a Neuter and so he is little surer by this definition then without it But though it were harder then it is yet I would not refuse to contribute somthing herein for the benefit and ease of young beginners who are often deceived in this point notwithstanding the definition of an Active Verb. Neither do I promise to bring you such a definition that it can put you out of all doubts but one that will bring you easier and more sure to the general knowledg of an Active Verb. A Verb is most commonly either an Active or of the Active signification thse words comprehend the Deponents of the Active signification if it ends in o or being a Deponent in or and if it can be joyned with these two words Some thing in a right and pertinent sense As I Read this Verb which is lego ends in o and you may say in good sense I Read Some thing but Sedeo Gaudeo Valeo are not Actives albeit they end in o because you cannot add to them in a right sense these two words Some thing for we say not I fit some thing but upon some thing neither I rejoyce some thing but at some thing c. So the words must have an immediate dependence upon the Active Verb. Thus having given you a general kind of knowledge on this subject I come to the general exceptions You must except these kinde of Verbs following from this definition who though they end in o and may have after them in right sense some thing yet are they not to be used as Actives these are they Verbs of Studying Placing Displacing Favouring Obeying Envying with Noceo Interdico Egeo Careo Fido. Except of Deponents these Blandior Adversor Medeor Medicor which have the Dative with Vescor Vtor Abutor Fungor Fruor which have the Ablative Misereor and Miseresco which have the Genitive Though you will find many more both Actives and Deponents to be excepted when you give your self to reading yet these that I have made mention of are the most general and obvious and are capable with the preceeding definition to give you a general Idea and knowledg of an Active Verb. The mark of a Passive Verb is that it ends in or and signifieth to suffer id est signifieth the reception of some action As Amor I am Loved then I receive the Love of another The Syntax saith that the Passive hath after it the Ablative with the Preposition à or ab but this should be so understood when the word that is put in the Ablative is a Person or any living Thing As Amor à Deo I am loved by God otherwise if that which is in the Ablative be not a living or animate thing you must leave out the Preposition As I am overcharged with grief Obruor dolore He is troubled with a heavy sicknesse Gravissimo conflictatur morbo According to what hath been said of the Passive in Living and Animate things so must you do with the Verbs of Receiving for if the word which is put in the Ablative after these Verbs be a Person or living thing Then is put before it à or ab As I received Letters from my Father Accepi Literas à Patre meo And if this word be inanimate or without life then it hath going before it é or ex As I received great contentment from your Letters Incredibilem ex Epistolis tuis cepi voluptatem or é venatione In hunting é Musicâ in Musick Ex Agriculturâ In husbandrie Albeit you will finde Cicero in these wayes of speaking make use of the Genitive As Capere fructum Laboris Vigiliarum Industriae To reap Fruits of his Labour Vigilancie and Industry By the way I remarke that the Compound accipio is used most with Persons or Animate Things and the Simple Capio with Inanimate or not Living Things or else some of its Synonimes As Haurio duco peto traho The Grammer saith that the Participle governeth the Case of its Verb neverthelesse the Participle of the Passive is put with the Dative although the Verb from whom this Future descendeth governeth the Ablatve as we must suffer in this Life Multa nobis ferenda sunt in hâc vità I must write a Letter Scribenda est mihi Epistola And thus farr of English Particles Moods and Tenses c To this I add a most usefull Treatise of Latine Particles and of Verbs which have a Particular Regiment CHAP. I. Concerning the Relative Particles Qui Quae Quod. THese Pronouns Qui Quae Quod being put after a Negation hath the Verb whereof it is the Nominative in the Subjunctive Mood As There is no Phylosopher of Epicur his opinion Nullus est Philosophorum qui cum Epicuro sentiat vel Epicuro assentiatur You have said nothing that is approved by Learned men nihil dixisti quod probetur eruditis there is none but accuseth you of negligence Nemo est qui te negligentiae non accuset I finde nothing here