go_v upon_o their_o own_o knowledge_n though_o they_o be_v neighbour_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o question_n be_v move_v and_o so_o be_v presume_v to_o have_v a_o better_a knowledge_n of_o the_o fact_n than_o any_o other_o for_o vicinus_fw-la facta_fw-la vicini_fw-la presumitur_fw-la scire_fw-la but_o least_o this_o presumption_n shall_v fail_v the_o law_n allow_v other_o evidence_n to_o be_v give_v to_o they_o by_o which_o they_o may_v more_o certain_o and_o confident_o give_v their_o verdict_n of_o the_o issue_n which_o be_v mean_v by_o this_o word_n rei_fw-la and_o here_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o give_v you_o a_o brief_a description_n de_fw-fr quibus_fw-la rebus_fw-la what_o the_o enquest_n may_v inquire_v of_o and_o find_v law_n of_o the_o law_n wherefore_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o a_o jury_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v nor_o meddle_v with_o a_o matter_n of_o law_n and_o if_o they_o do_v and_o find_v it_o their_o verdict_n as_o to_o this_o shall_v be_v void_a yet_o daily_a experience_n as_o well_o as_o littleton_n sect._n 368_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o may_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o give_v a_o general_a verdict_n though_o to_o find_v the_o special_a matter_n be_v the_o safe_a way_n for_o they_o because_o if_o they_o mistake_v the_o law_n they_o run_v into_o the_o danger_n of_o a_o attaint_n in_o many_o case_n the_o jury_n be_v to_o inquire_v of_o the_o knowledge_n and_o intent_n of_o a_o man_n intent_n of_o a_o man_n intent_n as_o where_o the_o nar._n be_v that_o the_o defendant_n keep_v a_o dog_n which_o kill_v the_o plaintiff_n sheep_n sciens_fw-la canem_fw-la suum_fw-la ad_fw-la mordendas_fw-la oves_fw-la consuetum_fw-la there_o though_o sciens_fw-la be_v not_o traversable_a yet_o the_o jury_n upon_o evidence_n must_v inquire_v of_o it_o lib._n 4._o 18._o in_o some_o case_n thing_n of_o spiritual_a thing_n a_o jury_n may_v try_v and_o find_v a_o spiritual_a thing_n as_o a_o divorce_n matrimony_n etc._n etc._n and_o must_v take_v notice_n thereof_o upon_o pain_n of_o attaint_n lib._n 4._o 29._o lib._n 9_o lib._n 7_o 43._o 400._o in_o trespass_n quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la in_o the_o county_n of_o d._n upon_o not_o guilty_a if_o the_o jury_n find_v the_o defendant_n guilty_a in_o the_o county_n of_o s._n their_o verdict_n be_v void_a but_o if_o they_o find_v he_o guilty_a general_o a_o attaint_n lie_v finch_n 400._o the_o juror_n of_o one_o county_n may_v find_v any_o transitory_a thing_n do_v in_o another_o county_n nay_o sometime_o they_o must_v find_v local_a thing_n in_o another_o county_n as_o if_o the_o heir_n plead_v â—iens_fw-la per_fw-la descent_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n reply_v asset_n in_o a_o parish_n and_o ward_n within_o london_n the_o juâ—y_n may_v find_v asset_n in_o any_o county_n in_o the_o same_o câ—se_n against_o a_o executor_n who_o plead_v pleâ—e_a administravit_fw-la the_o jury_n may_v likewise_o find_v asset_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n country_n of_o thing_n do_v in_o another_o county_n or_o country_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o place_n be_v only_o name_v for_o necessity_n of_o trial_n but_o where_o the_o place_n be_v part_n of_o the_o issue_n it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o therefore_o if_o i_o promise_v in_o one_o place_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n in_o another_o and_o issue_n be_v upon_o the_o bâ—each_n the_o jury_n ought_v to_o come_v from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o breach_n but_o if_o i_o promise_v in_o london_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n at_o budeaux_n in_o france_n and_o issue_n upon_o the_o breach_n yet_o this_o shall_v be_v try_v in_o london_n for_o necessity_n because_o otherwise_o it_o will_v want_v trial_n and_o the_o jury_n must_v inquire_v of_o the_o breach_n at_o bordeaux_n but_o if_o i_o promise_v in_o france_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n in_o france_n so_o that_o both_o contract_n and_o performance_n be_v beyond_o sea_n this_o want_v trial_n in_o our_o law_n lib._n 6.47_o li._n 7._o 23._o 26._o 27._o the_o jury_n may_v find_v estoppel_n estoppel_v estoppel_v as_o the_o take_n of_o a_o lease_n of_o a_o man_n be_v own_o land_n by_o deed_n indent_v or_o the_o delivery_n of_o a_o deed_n before_o the_o date_n as_o in_o debt_n by_o a_o administrator_n upon_o a_o land_n date_v 4_o aprilis_n 24_o eliz._n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o the_o intestate_a dye_v before_o the_o date_n of_o the_o obligation_n and_o isint_fw-la nient_a son_n fait_fw-fr upon_o which_o they_o be_v at_o issue_n and_o adjudge_v that_o the_o jury_n may_v find_v that_o the_o bond_n be_v deliver_v the_o 3d_o of_o april_n because_o they_o be_v swear_v ad_fw-la veritatem_fw-la dicendum_fw-la though_o the_o party_n be_v estop_v to_o plead_v a_o deed_n be_v deliver_v before_o the_o date_n but_o they_o may_v plead_v a_o delivery_n after_o the_o date_n because_o it_o shall_v never_o be_v intend_v that_o a_o deed_n be_v deliver_v before_o the_o date_n but_o after_o it_o may_v but_o if_o the_o estoppel_n estoppel_v estoppel_v or_o admittance_n be_v within_o the_o same_o record_n in_o which_o issue_n be_v join_v than_o the_o juror_n can_v find_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o this_o which_o the_o party_n have_v affirm_v and_o admit_v of_o record_n though_o it_o be_v not_o true_a for_o the_o court_n may_v give_v judgement_n upon_o matter_n confess_v by_o the_o party_n and_o the_o juror_n be_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v with_o any_o such_o thing_n but_o only_o with_o such_o in_o which_o the_o party_n vary_v li._n 2._o 4._o li._n 4._o 53._o co._n lit._n 227._o the_o jury_n may_v find_v deed_n or_o matter_n of_o record_n show_v record_v not_o show_v if_o they_o will_v though_o not_o show_v in_o evidence_n finch_n 400._o they_o may_v inquire_v of_o thing_n do_v before_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n lib._n 9_o 34._o the_o jury_n may_v find_v a_o warranty_n warranty_n warranty_n be_v give_v in_o evidence_n though_o it_o be_v not_o plead_v nay_o the_o jury_n may_v find_v that_o which_o can_v be_v plead_v as_o in_o trespass_n upon_o not_o guilty_a the_o jury_n may_v find_v that_o the_o defendant_n lease_v land_n for_o life_n upon_o condition_n and_o enter_v for_o the_o condition_n break_v though_o this_o can_v be_v plead_v without_o deed_n yet_o the_o jury_n may_v find_v it_o lit._n sect._n 366._o but_o this_o matter_n come_v more_o proper_o under_o the_o title_n evidence_n wherefore_o we_o will_v procee_v to_o that_o cap._n xi_o evidence_n evidence_n evidence_n evidence_n evidentia_fw-la this_o word_n in_o legal_a understanding_n say_v coke_n 1_o inst_z 283._o do_v not_o only_o contain_v matter_n of_o record_n as_o letter_n patent_n fine_n recovery_n inrollment_n and_o the_o like_a and_o writing_n under_o seal_n as_o charter_n and_o deed_n and_o other_o write_n without_o seal_n as_o court-roll_n account_n and_o the_o like_a which_o be_v call_v evidence_n instrumenta_fw-la but_o in_o a_o large_a sense_n it_o contain_v also_o testimonia_fw-la the_o testimony_n of_o witness_n and_o other_o proof_n to_o be_v produce_v and_o give_v to_o a_o jury_n for_o the_o find_n of_o any_o issue_n join_v between_o the_o party_n and_o it_o be_v call_v evidence_n because_o thereby_o the_o point_n in_o issue_n be_v to_o be_v make_v evident_a to_o the_o jury_n probationes_fw-la debent_fw-la esse_fw-la evidentes_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la perspicuae_fw-la &_o facile_fw-la intelligitur_fw-la and_o this_o evidence_n with_o bracton_n we_o may_v term_v probatio_fw-la duplex_fw-la viz._n viva_fw-la as_o witness_n viva_fw-la voce_fw-la and_o mortua_fw-la as_o by_o deed_n write_n and_o instrument_n and_o violenta_fw-la presumptio_fw-la in_o many_o case_n be_v plena_fw-la probatio_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o all_o the_o witness_n to_o a_o deed_n be_v dead_a than_o the_o deed_n shall_v receive_v credit_n presumption_n presumption_n per_fw-la collationem_fw-la sigillorum_fw-la scripturae_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o especial_o if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o continual_a and_o quiet_a possession_n which_o be_v a_o violent_a presumption_n 1_o inst_z 6._o for_o no_o man_n can_v keep_v his_o witness_n alive_a man_n that_o be_v so_o brand_v with_o infamy_n that_o they_o can_v be_v juror_n for_o which_o see_v before_o who_o may_v be_v juror_n can_v be_v witness_n the_o wife_n can_v be_v a_o witness_n for_o or_o against_o her_o husband_n witness_n who_o may_v be_v witness_n neither_o can_v the_o party_n to_o the_o usurious_a contract_n be_v a_o witness_n against_o the_o usurer_n in_o a_o information_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o usury_n but_o kinsman_n never_o so_o near_o tenant_n servant_n master_n counsellor_n and_o attorney_n &_o c._n â—ay_n be_v witness_n a_o counsellor_n may_v be_v a_o witness_n to_o the_o agreement_n etc._n etc._n but_o not_o to_o validity_n of_o a_o assurance_n nor_o to_o the_o counsel_n he_o give_v march_n rep._n 43._o if_o a_o witness_v be_v serve_v with_o process_n and_o have_v money_n sufficient_a to_o bear_v his_o
trial_n per_fw-la pais_fw-fr or_o the_o law_n concern_v jury_n by_o nisi-prius_a etc._n etc._n methodical_o compose_v for_o the_o public_a good_a in_o the_o 16_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n charles_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n scotland_n france_n and_o ireland_n etc._n etc._n by_o s._n e._n of_o the_o inner-temple_n esquire_n per_fw-la testes_fw-la solum_fw-la lex_fw-la ipsa_fw-la nunquam_fw-la litem_fw-la dirimit_fw-la qua_fw-la per_fw-la juratam_fw-la xij_o hominum_fw-la decidi_fw-la poterit_fw-la cum_fw-la sâ—_n modus_fw-la iste_fw-la ad_fw-la veritatem_fw-la eliciendam_fw-la multo_fw-la potior_fw-la &_o efficatior_fw-la quà m_fw-la est_fw-la forma_fw-la aliquarum_fw-la aliarum_fw-la legum_fw-la orbis_fw-la fortescue_n cap._n 31._o london_n print_v by_o john_n streater_n james_n flesher_n and_o henry_n twyford_n the_o assign_v of_o richard_n atkyns_n and_o edward_n atkyns_n esquire_n 1665._o the_o preface_n the_o philosopher_n can_v not_o see_v a_o man_n unless_o he_o hear_v he_o speak_v loquere_fw-la ut_fw-la videam_fw-la speech_n be_v the_o index_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o the_o mind_n only_o discriminate_v the_o man_n for_o although_o a_o idiot_n who_o have_v but_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o man_n may_v with_o silence_n so_o hide_v his_o folly_n that_o stranger_n to_o his_o manner_n can_v discern_v he_o from_o a_o sophister_n yet_o doubtless_o silence_n be_v the_o great_a enemy_n to_o learning_n the_o grave_a wherein_o oblivion_n bury_v the_o part_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o brave_a spirit_n wherefore_o learned_a sallust_n from_o this_o take_v his_o exordium_n omnes_fw-la homines_fw-la qui_fw-la seize_v student_fw-la praestare_fw-la caeteris_fw-la animalibus_fw-la summa_fw-la open_a niti_fw-la decet_fw-la ne_fw-la vitam_fw-la silentia_fw-la transeant_fw-la veluti_fw-la pecora_fw-la those_o man_n who_o will_v excel_v beast_n shall_v labour_v that_o their_o life_n may_v not_o pass_v in_o such_o silence_n as_o beast_n do_v it_o seem_v he_o deem_v that_o man_n little_a inferior_a to_o a_o beast_n who_o act_v nothing_o to_o prolong_v his_o memory_n for_o this_o he_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o every_o man_n say_v quo_fw-la mihi_fw-la rectius_fw-la esse_fw-la videtur_fw-la ingenii_fw-la quà m_fw-la virium_fw-la opibus_fw-la gloriam_fw-la quaerere_fw-la &_o quoniam_fw-la vita_fw-la ipsa_fw-la qua_fw-la fruimur_fw-la brevis_fw-la est_fw-la memoriam_fw-la nostri_fw-la quà m_fw-la maxim_n longam_fw-la effiiere_fw-la in_o my_o opinion_n it_o be_v far_o better_a to_o acquire_v glory_n by_o the_o riches_n of_o wit_n than_o strength_n and_o because_o our_o life_n be_v short_a of_o themselves_o we_o shall_v endeavour_v by_o ingenuity_n to_o eternize_v their_o memory_n and_o to_o effect_v this_o linea_fw-la nulla_fw-la dies_fw-la sine_fw-la linea_fw-la nulla_fw-la dies_fw-la abeat_fw-la quin_fw-la linea_fw-la ducta_fw-la supersit_fw-la no_o day_n shall_v pass_v over_o our_o head_n wherein_o we_o shall_v not_o act_v some_o memorable_a exploit_n man_n shall_v not_o live_v like_o snail_n never_o stir_v out_o of_o their_o house_n but_o be_v active_a i_o mean_v not_o busybody_n in_o other_o man_n matter_n but_o in_o their_o own_o calling_n of_o which_o the_o wise_a cato_n tell_v we_o every_o man_n shall_v give_v a_o reasonable_a account_n and_o if_o we_o believe_v the_o famous_a seneca_n nihil_fw-la est_fw-la turpius_fw-la quà m_fw-la grandis_fw-la natu_fw-la senex_fw-la qui_fw-la nullum_fw-la habet_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la suae_fw-la argumentum_fw-la quo_fw-la diu_fw-la se_fw-la vixisse_fw-la dicat_fw-la praeter_fw-la aetatem_fw-la nothing_o be_v more_o unworthy_a than_o a_o old_a man_n who_o have_v nothing_o to_o show_v for_o his_o antiquity_n but_o a_o graybeard_n who_o be_v no_o soon_o dead_a than_o forget_v long_o before_o he_o be_v half_o rot_v yet_o who_o be_v so_o apt_a to_o deride_v the_o endeavour_n of_o other_o man_n as_o this_o ancient_a ignoramus_n who_o wrinkle_n in_o his_o face_n worn-out_a look_n and_o many_o year_n sway_v more_o with_o the_o vulgar_a people_n than_o all_o the_o argument_n of_o law_n or_o reason_n have_v seneca_n be_v such_o a_o silent_a momus_n the_o world_n will_v never_o have_v be_v blessed_v with_o his_o so_o learned_a work_n and_o doubtless_o write_v book_n be_v needful_a in_o no_o science_n more_o than_o in_o the_o law_n for_o without_o book_n how_o will_v the_o lawyer_n do_v for_o argument_n at_o the_o bar_n or_o resolution_n at_o their_o chamber_n whence_o the_o oracle_n sir_n edward_n coke_n pronounce_v this_o omnes_fw-la debere_fw-la jurisprudentiae_a libris_fw-la componendis_fw-la animum_fw-la adjicere_fw-la that_o all_o man_n ought_v to_o addict_v themselves_o to_o the_o compose_v book_n of_o law_n some_o to_o the_o report_v of_o the_o judgement_n and_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n who_o be_v lex_fw-la loquens_fw-la and_o some_o to_o the_o collect_v of_o these_o case_n and_o resolution_n methodize_v and_o fit_v they_o for_o some_o particular_a purpose_n as_o littleton_n standford_n fitzherbert_n crumpton_n perkins_n finch_n etc._n etc._n and_o indeed_o most_o of_o the_o law-book_n extant_a if_o not_o all_o set_v aside_o the_o report_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o collection_n out_o of_o other_o this_o i_o speak_v not_o in_o derogation_n of_o they_o in_o the_o least_o for_o as_o it_o be_v equal_o if_o not_o more_o laborious_a so_o it_o be_v full_a as_o glorious_a judicious_o to_o cull_v out_o authentic_a case_n out_o of_o the_o volume_n of_o the_o law_n where_o so_o many_o be_v no_o law_n and_o rightful_o place_v they_o in_o a_o particular_a treatise_n as_o it_o be_v to_o report_v the_o judgement_n and_o resolution_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o court_n for_o the_o reporter_n be_v but_o the_o court_n secretary_n and_o cook_n be_v institutes_n merit_n as_o much_o as_o his_o report_n and_o ash_n table_n fitzherbert_n and_o brooks_n abridgement_n be_v as_o useful_a as_o the_o year_n book_n themselves_o of_o which_o kind_n of_o collection_n one_o elegant_o thus_o break_v out_o quo_fw-la quidem_fw-la beneficio_fw-la haud_fw-la scio_fw-la aut_fw-la aliud_fw-la aut_fw-la legum_fw-la candidatis_fw-la magis_fw-la gratum_fw-la aut_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la magis_fw-la commodum_fw-la aut_fw-la divini_fw-la honoris_fw-la illustrationis_fw-la magis_fw-la idoneum_fw-la vel_fw-la cogitando_fw-la quidem_fw-la consequi_fw-la quisquam_fw-la poterit_fw-la then_o which_o benefit_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o any_o man_n can_v even_o imagine_v another_o either_o to_o lawyer_n more_o grateful_a or_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n more_o profitable_a or_o for_o the_o illustration_n of_o divine_a honour_n more_o fit_a for_o with_o the_o least_o labour_n a_o small_a price_n and_o little_a time_n they_o present_v you_o with_o those_o resolution_n and_o judgement_n which_o lie_v scatter_v in_o the_o voluminous_a book_n of_o the_o law_n which_o will_v otherwise_o cost_v much_o time_n pain_n and_o charge_n to_o find_v out_o the_o thought_n of_o which_o public_a good_a first_o give_v life_n to_o these_o endeavour_n of_o i_o not_o that_o any_o one_o shall_v in_o the_o least_o imagine_v that_o i_o be_o so_o guilty_a of_o vain_a ostentation_n as_o to_o believe_v that_o my_o part_n or_o ability_n can_v perform_v any_o thing_n in_o this_o kind_n like_o other_o man_n no_o ipse_fw-la mihi_fw-la nunquam_fw-la judice_fw-la i_o placui_fw-la i_o can_v never_o yet_o please_v myself_o with_o my_o own_o labour_n much_o less_o be_v they_o worthy_a to_o please_v other_o haud_fw-la equidem_fw-la tali_fw-la i_o dignor_fw-la honore_fw-la however_o when_o i_o consider_v that_o no_o man_n have_v yet_o write_v particular_o concern_v this_o subject_a and_o of_o what_o general_n use_v it_o be_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o this_o treatise_n will_v receive_v a_o favourable_a construction_n from_o most_o man_n and_o a_o plausible_a acceptation_n from_o other_o book_n the_o use_n of_o the_o book_n the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n epidemical_a since_o man_n life_n and_o estate_n be_v subject_a to_o that_o trial_n per_fw-mi pais_fw-fr here_o demonstrate_v but_o in_o particular_a the_o practiser_n at_o law_n especial_o attorney_n solicitor_n clerk_n etc._n etc._n and_o all_o juror_n for_o who_o direction_n it_o be_v of_o singular_a use_n be_v chief_o concern_v herein_o but_o i_o will_v not_o hang_v a_o bush_n out_o to_o invite_v and_o prepossess_v your_o judgement_n vincat_fw-la utilitas_fw-la the_o profit_n which_o every_o ingenious_a reader_n shall_v gather_v out_o of_o it_o will_v speak_v more_o for_o it_o than_o the_o best_a eulogical_a preface_n and_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o profess_v myself_o to_o be_v philomathes_n but_o can_v plead_v no_o other_o plea_n than_o not_o guilty_a to_o polymathes_n i_o must_v confess_v never_o any_o man_n take_v a_o law-book_n in_o hand_n with_o great_a affection_n to_o it_o than_o i_o and_o notwithstanding_o the_o hard-favoured_a objection_n which_o some_o man_n cast_v upon_o it_o i_o real_o think_v the_o study_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v the_o most_o pleasant_a study_n in_o the_o world_n and_o he_o which_o delight_v in_o the_o study_n of_o any_o other_o art_n or_o science_n must_v consequent_o be_v delight_v with_o this_o for_o the_o
verdict_n may_v be_v find_v in_o common-plea_n so_o may_v it_o also_o be_v find_v in_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o criminal_a cause_n that_o concern_v life_n or_o member_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o court_n can_v refuse_v a_o special_a verdict_n it_o the_o court_n can_v refuse_v it_o if_o it_o be_v pertinent_a to_o the_o matter_n in_o issue_n 1_o inst_z 228._o it_o have_v be_v question_v etc._n a_o special_a verd_fw-mi ct_n may_v be_v find_v upon_o any_o issue_n as_o upon_o a_o eisque_fw-la hoc_fw-la etc._n etc._n whether_o the_o jury_n can_v find_v a_o special_a verdict_n upon_o a_o special_a point_n in_o issue_n or_o no_o as_o they_o may_v upon_o the_o general_a issue_n but_o this_o question_n have_v be_v full_o resolve_v in_o many_o of_o our_o book_n first_o in_o plo._n com._n 92._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o jury_n may_v give_v a_o special_a verdict_n and_o find_v the_o matter_n at_o large_a en_fw-fr chescun_fw-fr issue_n en_fw-fr le_fw-fr monde_fw-fr so_o that_o the_o matteâ—_n find_v at_o large_a tend_v only_o to_o the_o issue_n join_v and_o contain_v the_o certainty_n and_o verity_n thereof_o lib._n 9_o 12._o and_o in_o 2_o inst_z 425._o upon_o collection_n of_o many_o author_n it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o have_v be_v resolve_v that_o in_o all_o action_n real_a personal_a and_o mix_v and_o upon_o all_o issue_n join_v general_a or_o special_a the_o jury_n may_v find_v the_o special_a matter_n of_o fact_n pertinent_a and_o tend_v only_o to_o the_o issue_n join_v and_o thereupon_o pray_v the_o discretion_n of_o the_o court_n for_o the_o law_n and_o this_o the_o juror_n may_v do_v at_o common_a law_n not_o only_o in_o case_n between_o party_n and_o party_n but_o also_o in_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n at_o the_o king_n suit_n which_o be_v a_o proof_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n the_o 2d_o cap._n 30._o be_v but_o a_o affirmitive_a of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o as_o this_o special_a verdict_n be_v the_o safe_a for_o the_o jury_n plead_v a_o freehold_n upon_o condition_n without_o deed_n may_v be_v sound_a by_o verdict_n though_o it_o can_v be_v plead_v 1_o inst_z 228._o so_o in_o many_o case_n it_o be_v most_o advantageous_a to_o the_o party_n and_o help_v he_o where_o his_o own_o plead_n can_v as_o for_o example_n say_v littleton_n sect._n 366._o 367_o 368._o albeit_o a_o man_n can_v in_o any_o action_n plead_v a_o condition_n which_o touch_v and_o concern_v a_o fréehold_n without_o show_v writing_n of_o this_o yet_o a_o man_n may_v be_v aid_v upon_o such_o a_o condition_n by_o the_o verdict_n of_o 12._o man_n take_v at_o large_a in_o a_o assize_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n or_o in_o any_o other_o action_n where_o the_o justice_n will_v take_v the_o verdict_n of_o 12._o juror_n at_o large_a as_o put_v the_o case_n a_o man_n seize_v of_o certain_a land_n in_o fee_n let_v the_o same_o land_n to_o another_o for_o term_v of_o life_n without_o deed_n upon_o condition_n to_o tender_a to_o the_o lessor_n a_o certain_a rent_n and_o for_o default_n of_o payment_n a_o reentry_n etc._n etc._n by_o force_v whereof_o the_o lessée_fw-fr be_v seize_v as_o of_o fréehold_v and_o after_o the_o rent_n be_v behind_o by_o which_o the_o lessor_n enter_v into_o the_o land_n and_o after_o the_o lessée_fw-fr arraign_v a_o assize_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n of_o the_o land_n against_o the_o lessor_n who_o plead_v that_o he_o do_v no_o wrong_n nor_o disseisin_n and_o upon_o this_o a_o assize_n be_v take_v in_o this_o case_n the_o recognitor_n of_o the_o assize_n may_v say_v and_o render_v to_o the_o justice_n their_o verdict_n at_o large_a upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n as_o to_o say_v that_o the_o defendant_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o land_n in_o his_o demesne_n as_o of_o fee_n and_o so_o seize_v let_v the_o same_o land_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o term_v of_o his_o life_n render_v to_o the_o lessor_n such_o a_o yearly_a rent_n payable_a at_o such_o a_o feast_n etc._n etc._n upon_o such_o condition_n that_o if_o the_o rent_n be_v behind_o at_o any_o such_o feast_n at_o which_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v pay_v than_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o lessor_n to_o enter_v etc._n etc._n by_o force_n of_o which_o lease_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v seize_v in_o his_o demesne_n as_o of_o fréehold_a and_o that_o afterward_o the_o rent_n be_v behind_o at_o such_o a_o feast_n etc._n etc._n by_o which_o the_o lessor_n enter_v into_o the_o land_n upon_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o lessée_fw-fr and_o pray_v the_o discretion_n of_o the_o justice_n if_o this_o be_v a_o disseisin_n do_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o not_o then_o for_o that_o it_o appear_v to_o the_o justice_n that_o this_o be_v no_o disseisin_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n insomuch_o as_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o lessor_n be_v congeable_a on_o he_o the_o justice_n ought_v to_o give_v judgement_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v not_o take_v any_o thing_n by_o his_o writ_n of_o assize_n and_o so_o in_o such_o case_n the_o lessor_n shall_v be_v aid_v and_o yet_o no_o write_n be_v ever_o make_v of_o the_o condition_n for_o as_o well_o as_o the_o juror_n may_v have_v conusance_n of_o the_o lease_n they_o also_o as_o well_o may_v have_v conusance_n of_o the_o condition_n which_o be_v declare_v and_o rehearse_v upon_o the_o lease_n in_o the_o same_o manor_n it_o be_v of_o a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n or_o a_o gift_n in_o tail_n upon_o condition_n although_o no_o write_v be_v ever_o make_v of_o it_o and_o as_o it_o be_v say_v of_o a_o verdict_n at_o large_a in_o a_o assize_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o same_o manner_n it_o be_v of_o a_o writ_n of_o entry_n found_v upon_o a_o disseisin_n and_o in_o all_o other_o action_n where_o the_o justice_n will_v take_v the_o verdict_n at_o large_a there_o where_o such_o verdict_n at_o large_a be_v make_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o whole_a entry_n be_v put_v in_o issue_n also_o in_o such_o case_n verdict_n general_n verdict_n where_o the_o enquest_n may_v give_v their_o verdict_n at_o large_a if_o they_o will_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n upon_o the_o matter_n they_o may_v give_v their_o verdict_n general_o as_o be_v put_v in_o their_o charge_n as_o in_o the_o case_n aforesaid_a they_o may_v well_o say_v that_o the_o lessor_n do_v not_o disseise_v the_o lessée_fw-fr if_o they_o will_v etc._n etc._n the_o jury_n may_v likewise_o find_v estoppel_n estoppel_v estoppel_v which_o can_v be_v plead_v as_o in_o the_o 2d_o report_n fol._n 4._o it_o well_o appear_v where_o one_o goddard_n administrator_n of_o james_n newton_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o john_n denton_n upon_o a_o obligation_n make_v to_o the_o intestate_a bear_v date_n the_o four_o day_n of_o april_n anno_fw-la 24_o eliz._n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o the_o intestate_a dye_v before_o the_o date_n of_o the_o obligation_n and_o so_o conclude_v that_o the_o say_a escript_n be_v not_o his_o deed_n upon_o which_o they_o be_v at_o issue_n and_o the_o jury_n find_v that_o the_o defendant_n deliver_v it_o as_o his_o deed_n 30_o july_n anno_fw-la 23_o eliz._n and_o find_v the_o tenor_n of_o the_o deed_n in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la noverint_fw-la univeâ—si_fw-la etc._n etc._n dat._n 4._o aprilis_fw-la anno_fw-la 24_o eliz._n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n be_v alive_a 30_o july_n anno_fw-la 23._o eliz._n and_o that_o he_o die_v before_o the_o say_a date_n of_o the_o obligation_n and_o pray_v consideration_n of_o the_o court_n if_o this_o be_v the_o defendant_n deed_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v by_o anderson_n chief_a justice_n windham_n periam_n and_o walmesley_n that_o this_o be_v his_o deed_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o judgement_n be_v that_o although_o the_o obligée_v in_o plead_v can_v allege_v the_o delivery_n before_o the_o date_n â—_o note_v that_o a_o deed_n may_v be_v plead_v to_o be_v deliver_v after_o the_o date_n but_o not_o before_o because_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v write_v before_o the_o date_n which_o may_v be_v after_o the_o date_n 12_o h._n 6._o 1._o â—_o as_o it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o 12_o h._n 6._o 1._o which_o case_n be_v affirm_v to_o be_v good_a law_n because_o he_o be_v estopped_a to_o take_v a_o averment_n against_o any_o thing_n express_v in_o the_o deed_n yet_o the_o juror_n who_o be_v swear_v ad_fw-la veritatem_fw-la dicend_fw-la shall_v not_o be_v estop_v for_o a_o estoppel_n be_v to_o be_v conclude_v to_o speak_v the_o truth_n and_o therefore_o juror_n can_v be_v estop_v because_o they_o be_v swear_v to_o speak_v the_o truth_n but_o if_o the_o estoppel_n or_o admittance_n record_n as_o in_o waste_v suppose_v in_o a._n to_o plead_v that_o a_o be_v a_o hamlet_n in_o b._n and_o not_o a_o town_n of_o itself_o admâ—â—teth_v the_o waste_v etc._n etc._n
battery_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr ad_fw-la dampnum_fw-la ipsorum_fw-la the_o defendant_n quoad_fw-la the_o clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la plead_v not_o guilty_a quoad_fw-la the_o battery_n justify_v and_o for_o the_o first_o issue_n it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o defendant_n and_o for_o the_o second_o for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o now_o move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o declaration_n be_v not_o good_a because_o the_o baron_n join_v the_o feme_fw-fr with_o he_o in_o trespass_n de_fw-la clauso_fw-la fracto_fw-la of_o the_o baron_n feme_fw-fr baron_n &_o feme_fw-fr which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v but_o for_o the_o battery_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr they_o may_v join_v whereto_o all_o the_o court_n agree_v but_o it_o be_v move_v that_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v find_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o this_o issue_n in_o which_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o join_v and_o the_o defendant_n be_v thereof_o acquit_v and_o the_o issue_n be_v find_v against_o the_o defendant_n for_o that_o part_n wherein_o they_o ought_v to_o join_v this_o verdict_n have_v discharge_v the_o declaration_n for_o that_o part_n which_o be_v ill_a and_o be_v good_a for_o the_o residue_n as_o in_o 9_o e._n 4._o 51._o trespass_n by_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr for_o the_o battery_n of_o both_o the_o defendant_n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o find_v guilty_a and_o damage_n assess_v for_o the_o battery_n of_o the_o baron_n by_o its_o self_n and_o for_o the_o battery_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr by_o its_o self_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o damage_n for_o the_o battery_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr &_o the_o writ_n abate_v for_o the_o residue_n and_o of_o that_o opinion_n be_v lea_n chief_a justice_n &_o doderidge_n al._n contra_fw-la and_o the_o same_o law_n i_o conceive_v if_o the_o jury_n have_v find_v the_o defendant_n not_o guilty_a of_o the_o battery_n to_o the_o husband_n but_o guilty_a to_o the_o wife_n cro._n 2._o part_n 655._o rochel_n and_o his_o wife_n steel_n rochel_n and_o his_o wife_n against_o steel_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o assault_v in_o the_o exchequer_n hill_n 16._o 59_o against_o steel_n and_o other_o who_o plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o the_o verdict_n find_v steel_n guilty_a of_o the_o battery_n to_o the_o wife_n but_o â—â—und_v nothing_o concern_v the_o husband_n wherefore_o judgement_n be_v stay_v but_o the_o baron_n hold_v that_o if_o the_o jury_n have_v find_v the_o defendant_n not_o guilty_a as_o to_o the_o husband_n than_o the_o verdict_n have_v help_v the_o declaration_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v have_v judgement_n for_o the_o damage_n for_o the_o battery_n of_o the_o wife_n be_v of_o what_o a_o verdict_n may_v be_v the_o jury_n may_v find_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v be_v give_v in_o evidence_n to_o they_o as_o record_n either_o patent_n statute_n or_o judgement_n thing_n do_v in_o another_o county_n 411._o plo._n com._n 411._o or_o country_n for_o which_o see_v evidence_n before_o hob._n 227._o and_o of_o these_o thing_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v conusance_n they_o be_v to_o have_v conusance_n also_o of_o all_o incident_n incident_n incident_n and_o dependent_n thereupon_o for_o a_o incident_a be_v a_o thing_n necessary_o depend_v upon_o another_o co._n littleton_n 227._o b._n find_v the_o verdict_n may_v be_v against_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o issue_n so_o the_o substance_n be_v find_v if_o the_o matter_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o issue_n be_v find_v it_o be_v sufficient_a though_o it_o be_v against_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o issue_n as_o in_o the_o first_o institutes_n foe_n 114._o b._n a_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la be_v allege_v by_o prescription_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n for_o tithe_n of_o lamb_n and_o thereupon_o issue_v join_v and_o the_o jury_n find_v that_o before_o twenty_o year_n then_o last_v pass_v there_o be_v such_o a_o prescription_n prescription_n prescription_n and_o that_o for_o these_o twenty_o year_n he_o have_v pay_v tithe_n lamb_n in_o specie_fw-la and_o it_o be_v object_v first_o that_o the_o issue_n be_v find_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o that_o the_o prescription_n be_v general_a for_o all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o prescription_n and_o 20._o year_n fail_v thereof_o 2._o that_o the_o party_n by_o payment_n of_o tithe_n in_o specie_fw-la have_v wave_v the_o prescription_n or_o custom_n but_o it_o be_v adjudge_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o albeit_o the_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la have_v not_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n yet_o the_o prescription_n be_v find_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o issue_n be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o assize_n of_o darrein_a presentment_n if_o the_o plaintiff_n allege_v the_o avoidance_n of_o the_o church_n by_o privation_n avoidance_n avoidance_n and_o the_o jury_n find_v the_o voydance_n by_o death_n the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v judgement_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o voydance_n be_v not_o the_o title_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n but_o the_o voydance_n be_v the_o matter_n 1_o instit_fw-la 282._o if_o a_o garden_n of_o a_o hospital_n bring_v a_o assize_n against_o the_o ordinary_a deprivation_n deprivation_n he_o plead_v that_o in_o his_o visitation_n he_o deprive_v he_o as_o ordinary_a whereupon_o issue_n be_v take_v and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o deprive_v he_o as_o patron_n the_o ordinary_a shall_v have_v judgement_n for_o the_o deprivation_n be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o matter_n ib._n the_o lessée_fw-fr covenant_n with_o the_o lessor_n not_o to_o cut_v down_o any_o tree_n etc._n etc._n and_o bind_v himself_o in_o a_o bond_n of_o 40._o pound_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o covenant_n the_o lessée_fw-fr cut_v down_o 10._o 10._o breach_n of_o 20._o tree_n cut_v down_o for_o 10._o tree_n the_o lessor_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o the_o bond_n and_o assign_v a_o breach_n that_o the_o lessée_v cut_v down_o 20._o tree_n whereupon_o issue_n be_v join_v and_o the_o jury_n find_v that_o the_o lessée_v cut_v down_o ten_o judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o sufficient_a matter_n of_o the_o issue_n be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o forfeit_v the_o bond._n ib._n and_o this_o rule_n hold_v in_o criminal_a cause_n for_o if_o a._n be_v appeal_v or_o indict_v of_o murder_n viz._n that_o he_o of_o malice_n prepense_a kill_v j._n a._n plead_v that_o he_o be_v not_o guilty_a modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la manslaughter_n indictment_n of_o murder_n and_o verdict_n find_v manslaughter_n yet_o the_o jury_n may_v find_v the_o defendant_n guilty_a of_o manslaughter_n without_o malice_n prepense_a because_o the_o kill_n of_o j._n be_v the_o matter_n and_o malice_n prepense_a be_v but_o a_o circumstance_n plo._n com._n 101._o and_o general_o where_o modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la forma_fw-la modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la be_v not_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o issue_n but_o word_n of_o form_n there_o it_o suffice_v though_o the_o verdict_n do_v not_o find_v the_o precise_a issue_n as_o if_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o entry_n in_o casu_fw-la proviso_n of_o the_o alienation_n make_v by_o the_o tenant_n in_o dower_n to_o his_o disinheritance_n and_o count_v of_o the_o alienation_n make_v in_o fee_n and_o the_o tenant_n say_v that_o he_o do_v not_o alien_a in_o manner_n as_o the_o demandant_n have_v declare_v alienation_n alienation_n and_o upon_o this_o they_o be_v at_o issue_n and_o it_o be_v find_v by_o verdict_n that_o the_o tenant_n alien_v in_o tail_n or_o for_o term_n of_o another_o man_n life_n the_o demandant_n shall_v recover_v yet_o the_o alienation_n be_v not_o in_o manner_n as_o the_o demandant_n have_v declare_v littleton_n sect._n 483._o also_o if_o there_o be_v lord_n &_o tenant_n &_o the_o tenant_n hold_v of_o the_o lord_n by_o fealty_n only_o &_o the_o lord_n distrain_v the_o tenant_n for_o rent_n and_o the_o tenant_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o trespass_n against_o his_o lord_n lord._n trespass_n by_o the_o tenant_n against_o the_o lord._n for_o his_o cattle_n so_o take_v and_o the_o lord_n plead_v that_o the_o tenant_n hold_v of_o he_o by_o fealty_n and_o certain_a rent_n and_o for_o that_o rent_n behind_o he_o come_v to_o distrain_v etc._n etc._n and_o demand_v judgement_n of_o the_o writ_n bring_v against_o he_o quare_fw-la vi_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o the_o other_o say_v that_o he_o do_v not_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o manner_n as_o he_o suppose_v and_o upon_o this_o they_o be_v at_o issue_n and_o it_o be_v find_v by_o verdict_n that_o he_o hold_v of_o he_o by_o fealty_n only_o in_o this_o case_n the_o writ_n shall_v abate_v and_o yet_o he_o â—oth_v not_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o manner_n as_o the_o lord_n have_v say_v for_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o issue_n be_v whether_o the_o tenant_n hold_v of_o he_o or_o no_o for_o if_o he_o hold_v of_o he_o although_o that_o the_o lord_n distrain_v the_o tenant_n for_o other_o service_n which_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v yet_o such_o