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A80294 The compleat planter & cyderist. Together with the art of pruning fruit-trees In two books. I. Containing plain directions for the propagating all manner of fruit-trees, and the most approved ways and methods yet known, for the making and ordering of cyder, and other English wines. II. The art of pruning, or lopping fruit-trees. With an explanation of some words which gardeners make use of, in speaking of trees. With the use of the fruits of trees for preserving us in health, or for curing us when we are sick. By a lover of planting. Lover of planting.; Colledge-Royal of Physicians at Rochelle. Approbation of the Colledge-Royal of Physicians at Rochelle. 1690 (1690) Wing C5650A; ESTC R230518 156,388 399

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some time out of the Ground or been carried in the Wind or Frosts that their Roots seem to be dry set them over night in Water immerging only the Roots and it will very much revive them or when you Plant them after you have added an indifferent quantity of Earth cast in a Pail or more of Water as the largness of the Foss or hole requires which not only quickens the Roots but makes the Earth adhere thereunto which otherwise would lye light and hollow about them The Air does much incommode the Root of any Plant whatever and so does Frost § 5. One may Carry young Trees many Miles to be transplanted How to order Trees for Carrying being carefully taken up lay the Roots all one way the smallest and tenderest in the middle of the Bundle and bind them close from the Roots to their tops with a soft band and then stuff the Roots round about with Straw Hay Moss and the like afterwards bind the bundle all over from the Roots to the very top with Hay or Straw-bands or something els to preserve them from bruising and wrap something abouts the Roots a piece of an old ackcloth or any thing that will preserve the Roots from the Wind Sun and from bruising And in Winter you may carry young Trees thus many Hundred Miles § 6. See Chap. 8. Sect 2. Set upon every Removal in a better Soil § 7. It must always be observed that upon every removal of Fruit-trees to Plant or set them again into as good or better Soil as that out of which they were taken But if that cannot be then Plant and set them for so far as the Roots may extend in three or four years growth in as good or better Mold than that out of which they were removed by laying good Soils under upon and about the Roots at the setting for after they have taken Root two or three years they will then grow in ordinary Soils the great danger is at first Planting which is the reason Trees prosper abundantly better taken out of course and barren Nurseries than out of those whose Soils are very rich either by nature or improvement therefore be sure to lay as good or better Soil upon under and about the Roots when they are set again if you expect your Trees prosper Set not Trees deep but shallow § 8. Take heed of setting the Roots of your Plants too deep below the good Soil for if set shallow they prosper far better than such as are set deep because in the top of the Earth is the best Mold so made by the Suns influence thereon and every shower of Rain reaches and refreshes and feeds the Roots for all may easily observe Trees thrive best where the Roots run near the Surface and not at all where Planted deep because by deep Planting they thrust down their Roots below the good Soil into that which is barren and unfruitful which causes your Trees to be injured by Canker Moss and to be bad bearers and ill thrivers § 9. Cut away many of the Branches of all large Trees you set Prune the Branches and Roots at removal because every removal is a check to nature and their growth and the Roots being cut yield for some years but a faint nutriment scarce sufficient to preserve life much less to make a large growth But Plants of a lesser size need not have their Branches cut unless they cross one another grow too nigh together or run up too high without spreading but cut off the ends of all the Roots because if cut many small Fibra's or strings shoot out of the cut place which draw nourishment for the Plant which without cutting would not See before Sect. the second in Chap. 8. § 10. Make a hole about one yard square and two Foot deep but if your Soil be wet or binding Gravel or such like How to set Trees very bad in the bottom go not so deep it will be better to set them shallow and raise the Earth about them And if not manur'd Land you set them in have in readiness some very fine rich Mold or shovelings of a Yard where Cattle are frequently lodged or fed or well temper'd Street-dirt or the Mold of rotten Vegetables or the Sediments of Currents that settle in the bottoms of Pools or Ditches that have lain long on heaps till the same are become mellow and dry especially if some Lime be at casting out mixt therewith or rotten Neats-dung which you may mix with the Earth that came forth of the hole and so order it that it may be as good or better than that out of which the Trees came Fill the hole full half way up with this and tread it down in such form having respect to the Roots of the Tree that is to be set in it that the Roots may rest close upon it then cut off the ends of all the Roots like unto a Deers foot on the underside they 'l put forth new Roots the better if the Tree have one long down-right Root call'd the Tap or Heart-root cut it almost half off then clay your Tree in and fill up the hole with the Mold by casting in the smallest and best next to the Roots and be careful that all the small Mold run between all the Roots to that end stir and shake the Plant that there may not be any hollow place where the Mold salls not and with your hand draw up the uppermost Roots and part them that they may spread in the Mold every way Fill up the hole with the Mold and use all diligence to Place the Roots of your Tree in the same posture they were in before you removed it If the Tree be young and the Roots slender this can be performed no way but by throwing in a little Soil at a time and then raising up with your hands such Roots as are pressed down by it below their proper situation spreading them on the Soil you have cast in and then throwing in more and ordering the Roots as before so continuing to do till you have fill'd up the hole Old Trees with sturdy Roots require not so much curiosity but be sure that the Mold lye close under betwixt and among the Roots If the Soil be light press it down gently with your foot then cover them half a yard about with Straw Weeds Litter Fern or the like which will keep the Roots warm all Winter and moist and cool in the following Summer but if your Ground be not very rich cover the top about the Tree with Dung Note that Dung is not good to lay next the Roots of your Trees unless it be converted to Mold by it's long lying and rottenness but Dung is better being mixed with the Earth laid next the Roots of Trees than alone § 11. Forget not to water all Trees you Plant either very early or late To Stake Trees § 12. Standard-trees Planted in an open place should for a