Printed in Twelves his Lordship sent him the following Answer Page 151 Another Letter to Sir J. B. Page 157 Of Coâ—djutors to Bishops Page 160 Of the Original of Sine Cures c. Page 164 Of Pensions paid out of Church Livings c. Page 171 Another Letter of Annates c. Page 177 A Letter of the vast Subsidy given by the Clergy to Hen. VIII Page 179 A Letter to Mr. R. S. about Mr. Wood's Antiquities of the University of Oxford Page 181 Another to Mr. R. S. about the same subject Page 183 Some Quotations out of Bish p Barlow s Answer to Mr. Hobb's Book of Heresie wherein is proved the Papists gross hypocrisie in the putting Hereticks to Death Page 185 A Letter to Mr. R. T. concerning the Canon-Law allowing the whipping of Hereticks as practis'd by Bishop Bonner at his House at Fulham Page 189 A Letter to the Earl of Anglesey answering two Questions whether the Pope be Antichrist And whether Salvation may be had in the Church of Rome Page 190 A Letter to another person about Worshipping the Host being formal Idolatry and about famous Protestant Divines holding it lawful to punish Hereticks with death Page 202 A Letter about what Greek Fathers and Councils were not translated into Latine before the time of the Reformation Page 206 A Letter concerning the King's being empower'd to make a Layman his Vicar General Page 214 A Letter concerning the allowance and respect that the sentences of Protestant Bishops may expect from Popish ones writ by way of Answer to a Friend of Mr. Cottington's who acquainted the Bishop that the Court of Arches here was of Opinion that the Sentence of the Arch-Bishop of Turin could not here be question'd by reason of the practice of Popish and Protestant Bishops allowing each other Sentences Page 216 A Letter concerning Historical Passages in the Papacy and of the Question whether the Turk or Pope be the greater Antichrist Page 224 The Bishop's Thoughts about 1. When the famous Prophetical Passage in Hooker might have its accomplishment and 2. About the modus of deposing of a King in Poland the Circumstances of which it was propable the Bishop was well informed â—n by his frequent Conversation with some Polonian Noble-Men and Students at Oxford He returned his Answer to the two Enquiries Page 231 The Bishop's Answer to this Question whether the Famous Saying of Res nolunt male administrari of which a Gentleman in London pretends to be the Author had not its Origine from Aristotle's Metaphysicks to which Venerable Bede in his Philosophical Axioms refers in his citing the Saying Page 235 The Bishop's Letter about Natural Allegiance and of Kingly Power being from God and Confuting the Lord Shaftsbury's Speech in the House of Lords for the contrary c. Page 237 A Letter answering some Queries about Abby-Lands and about the Opinions of Calvin and Luther of the Punishing of Hereticks Page 240 The Bishop's Remarks on Bishop Sanderson's Fifth Sermon ad Populum 1 Tim. 4.3 4 5. Page 243 A Letter answering a Question about the temper of the Prophets when they Prophesâ—â—d and likewise a Query about the Tridentine Creed Page 250 A Letter of a new Popish Book Published Anno 1684. Page 253 A Letter to Sir P. P. Apologizing for his not going to Lincoln and proving that H. 8. his Marrying his Brother's Wife was only against the Judicial Law and animadverting on Calvin's making the Penal-Laws about Religion given to the Jews to bind under the Gospel Page 255 A Letter about the liberty formerly allow'd to the Protestants in France to Print Books there against Popery c. Page 260 A Letter about the French Persecution and of our King 's relieving and protecting the French Refugees in which Letter the Popish Tenet of the Intention of the Priest as necessary to the validity of the Sacrament is confuted Page 263 A Letter of somewhat falsely and maliciously brought in in the body of the Canon-Law Page 268 The Bishop's Judgment about the Levitical Revenue and the proportion between them and the other Tribes Page 271 A Letter to Mr. R. T. concerning the Confirmation of the Order of the Jesuites the numbers of that Order c. Page 281 A Letter censuring the Trent Councils denying the use of the Cup to the Laity in the Eucharist Page 284 A Letter charging the Tenet of the Lawfulness of burning Heretical Cities on the Church of Rome Page 287 A Letter of Gratian's falsifying the passage out of Cyprian in the Canon Law to induce the burning of Heretical Cities c. Page 295 A Letteâ— to the Earl of Anglesey of the Council of Trent not being receiv'd in France Page 302 Another to the same Person on the same Subject Page 309 The Bishop's Survey of the number of the Papists c. Page 312 A Letter about my L. Falkland c. Page 324 The Substance of the Bishops Letter to Mr. Isaac Walton upon his design of writing the Life of Bishop Sanderson Page 333 A Letter giving an account of the Bishop and his Clergies Address to K. James Page 340 About Mr. Chillingsworth's Peculiar Excellency Page 344 A Question about the Case of the Marriage between Mr. C. P. and Mrs. M. C. answered Page 351 Biretti's Case in Bishop Taylor 's Ductor Dubitantium l. 3. ch 1. Rule 4. Page 358 The Case of the aforesaid Marriage between Mr. C. P. and Mrs. M. C. by Sir P. P. Page 361 The Bishop's Judgment in point of Conscience to it Page 372 A Letter asserting the King 's not being by Scripture prohibited to pardon Murther Page 374 An account of Guymenius's Book Apologizing for the Jesuites Tenets about Morals Page 378. A Letter about the Papists founding Dominion in Grace Page 380 The substance of a Preface to a Discourse about the Gunpowder Treason c. Page 383 The Substance of a Discourse confuting Mr. R. Baxter's Tenet in his Saints Everlasting-Rest that common or special and saving-grace differ only gradually Page 424 The Bishop's Discourse in Confutation of the Infallibility of the Church of Rome Page 454 The Bishops Exercitation on the Question whether it is better not to be at all than to be miserable Page 469 An Abstract of the Bishop's Exercitation concerning the Existence of God if demonstrable by the light of nature Page 521 The Bishop's determination of the Question if the Divine Prescience takes away Contingency Page 568 The Bishop's Determination of the Question whether Election be from Faith foreseen Page 577 The Question decided whether the Fathers under the Old Testament obtained Salvation by the death of Christ Page 583 The Question resolved whether the Church hath Authority in Controversies of Faith Page 594 The Determination of the Question if Faith alone doth justifie Page 601 Of the Supream Power as to things Sacred as well as Civil Page 608 Of the necessity of a Lawful Call to the Ministry Page 611 Concerning the Vnlawfulness of Self-murder Page 620 A Discourse
viz. the Turbervils In Carmarthen not one In Denbighshire but one And it may be worthy the Readers knowledge that Sir William Petty a great Master of Numbers and Calculations having in the late Reign of King James enquired from some of his R. C. Bishâ—ps what Numbers of Children they had Confirm'd throughout the Kingdom gave his judgment that all the Papists in England Men Women and Children were but 32000. And that George Fox in 44 Years hath made more Quakers five times than the Pope of Rome and all his Jesuits and other Emissaries have made Papists But as to the defectiveness of that Survey as to the Non-conformists the following Memorial was given by Sir P. P. to one of King James's Ministers viz. Whereas in the Survey of tâ—e Numbers of several Religionary Persuasions within the Province of Canterbury above the Age of Sixteen returned in the Year 1676. the Total of the Nonconformists there return'd was 93154. and consequently the Nonconformists under the Age of Sixteen doubling the aforesaid Number there made the Total of all the Nonconformists there to be but 186308. The defectiveness of the said Survey does most plainly appear by the instance of the short return there as to the Diocess of London For that Survey making the Conformists above the Age of Sixteen in that Diocess to be 263385 and the Nonconformists there under that Age to be 20893. and the Papists there under that Age to be 2069 makes by doubling that Total with those under the Age of Sixteen Years to be but 286347. Whereas Sir William Petty by his late Printed Calculations hath made the Number of the People of London to be in all 696360. But the Diocess of London taking in all the other places in Middlesex that are without the Bills of Mortality and taking in likewise all Essex and part of Darthfortshire it appears thereby how extreamly defective the return of the Total for the Diocess of London was For the County of Essex bearing a two and twentieth part of the Taxes of this Kingdom and supposing the whole Kingdom to have but 7000000. the Number of People in Essex at that rate will be 318181. And in Fine as I have in another Paper set down the Total of the Burials and Christenings for the Year 1686 the Registred Christenings being near one Third part less than the Burials it may be thence inferr'd that near a Third part that Year were Nonconformists and so if we should Accompt the People then within the Bills of Mortality to have been but 600000 the Nonconformists there then were about 200000. The Reason of this Calculation of a third part being then within the Bills of Mortality Nonconformists is that the Christenings do there in common Years reverâ exceed the Burials the which appears out of the Amsterdam and Paris Bills of Mortality and where Christenings are carefully Registred But within the London Bills the Christenings of Nonconformists Children are not Registred SIR P. Pett judging it might tend to the publick benefit of Mankind to have the Lord Secretary Falklands Works Publish'd together in one Volume in Folio wrote to the late Bishop of Lincolne a large Letter acquainting his Lordship with his design about the same and that in his Lordships Life to be writ before the Book he intended a short Relation of some Memoirs wherein the Lord Falklands great Wit and Moral Perfections were Conspicuous And with the materials of which he was supplied in Discourse from the Lord Chief Justice Vaughan Mr. Robert Boyle and the Lady Ranalagh his Sister and Mr. Abraham Cowly and Mr. Edmund Waller who all had the Honour of his Friendship and frequent Conversation The two latter Persons having Celebrated his Lordships worth in their Immortal Poems and Sir P. told the Bishop he intended to Print their Verses before his Works And Sir P. Considering that the Bishop had often mention'd to him his frequent Conversation with my Lord Falkland at his House at Tew he thought fit to engage the Bishop to furnish him with some materials of Facts relating to his Lordship that might be worthy of the knowledge of the World Sir P. further mention'd it in his Letter to the Bishop that beside the great Learning Reasons and Judgment expess'd in my Lord Falklands Printed Writings there is an incomparable happy mixture of so much of that Great Beautiful Charming thing call'd Wit that the measures of Decorum would admit no more according to that known saying of Mr. Cowley in his Ode of Wit Rather than all be Wit i. e. in writings let none be there And therefore Sir P. thought that the publication of that Lords writings would be serviceable to future Writers as a standard for their measures to be govern'd by Sir P. further took notice in his Letter with what great Honour to my Lord Falklands Memory Mr. Marvel in p. 387. of the second part of his Rehersal Transprosed refers to two of his Lordships Speeches in the Long Parliament the first whereof concerning Episcopacy he saith begins thus He is a great stranger in Israel who knoweth not c. and the other at the delivery of the Articles against my Lord Keeper And Sir P. further observ'd how in the Printed Papers that passed between the late Earl of Clarendon and Serenus Cressy both the Antagonists agreed in their Celebrations of my Lord Falklands and how that Earl in p. 185. of his Animadversions on Cressys Book against Dr. Stillingfleet mentions the Lord Falkland to be a Nobleman of most prodigious Learning of the most exemplary manners and singular good nature of the most unblemish'd integrity and the greatest O nament of the Nation that any Age hath produced Whereupon the Bishop return'd him the following Answer and which he concludes with bearing his Testimony as I may say to some former writers of Loyalty My Ancient and good Friend I Have receiv'd yours and am very glad to hear by any hand especially your own of your health which I pray God continue to his glory your Countries good and the comfort of your Friends I return my thanks for your long Letter though being yours it did not seem so to me You are pleased to inquire after many Books and their Authors and require me to give you my Judgment and Character of both For my Judgment quod soâ—o quam sit exiguum I shall freely give you my Opinion sine ostentatione aut odio partium And here first it seems that you are about publishing my Lord Viscount Falkland's Life and Writings I have none save what are publish'd and in Print For his Person you do and truly suppose that I was acquainted with his Lordship in Oxford when he was Secretary to his Majesty Charles I. and you think that I may say something to his Honour Really Sir Peter I had the honour to be acquainted with that Illustrious person and did and do know that both his natural and acquired parts were exceeding great he was even in those â—â—bâ—llioâ—s
his opinion has neither proof nor probability become his Proselytes 2. If you would know my opinion though it signifie little whether the Pope or Turk be the greater Antichrist 1. 'T is granted that they are both Anti-christs For even in St. Johns time there (a) 1. John 2.18 were and ever since there have been many Antichrists impious Hereticks he means and deserters (b) Ibidiem verse 19. of the truth of the Gospel but amongst those many Antichrists there was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 one great Antichrist who was to come as St. John there says and of all the rest the Turk and Pope have the fairest Pleas to be that Antichrist 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But the Pope is certainly to be prefer'd and he shall have my vote for that great place of being the great Antichrist because he has some proprieties and Characteristical marks of that Beast which the Turk neither has nor can pretend too I shall only name one or two 1. The Seat of Antichrist was to be the (c) Rev. 17.18 great City which reigned over the Kings of the Earth Which unquestionably is Rome where the Pope has and does sit And even the Jesuits confess this as also other Popish writers Now the Turks Seat neither is nor ever was at Rome 2. Another mark of the great Antichrist is That he exalts (d) 2 Thess 2.3 4. himself above all that is called God c. above all Kings and Emperors who in Scripture are called Gods This the Pope does who takes upon him and his own Canonists and Council say he may do it to depose Kings and give away Kingdoms A most prodigious instance of this Papal pride we have in Pope Alexander the VI. whom you have mention'd who gave (e) Vide Constitut 2. Alexandrio 6. in Bullario Romano Tom. 1. pag. 347. Editionis Romae 1638. to Ferdinand King of Arragon and his Heirs for ever all the West Indies that is almost half the known World at one clap as appears by his Bull Published at Rome before mentioned in the Margent But the Turk has never claim'd such an Universal Monarchy over the whole World and therefore has not so good a Plea as the Pope has to be Antichrist 3. It is a mark of Antichrist or the Whore of Babylon as St. John calls her that she (a) Rev. 17.6 was drunk with the Blood of the Saints Which agrees not to the Turk who suffers Christians to live if they do not Rebel and pay their Taxes and does not take away their lives because they are not of his Religion But the Pope where ever he has power suffers none to live who will not submit to him and imbrace his Romish and Idolatrous way of Worship The many thousands nay many hundred thousands who barely on this account have in these last 600. Years been Murder'd by the Pope and his party either by open War Inquisitions or otherways are signal evidences of this truth and amongst others the French Massacre Anno. 1572. and our late Irish Massacre are sad and signal Instances I am Sir Your affectionate Friend and Servant T. L. Bugden Sept. 9. 1682. The Bishops thoughts being desired about two things namely 1. when the Famous Prophetical passage in Hooker might have its Accomplishment and 2. about the Modus of the deposing of a King in Poland the Circumstances of which it was probable the Bishop was well inform'd in by his frequent Conversation with some Polonian Noble Men and Students at Oxford he return'd his Answer to the two Enquiries THE passage enquired about in Hooker was as followeth viz. By these or the like suggestions received with all joy and with all sedulity practised in Certain parts of the Christian World They have brought to pass that as David doth say of Man so it is in hazard to be verified concerning the whole Religion and Service of God The time thereof may peradventure fall out to be Threescore and ten Years or if strength do serve unto Fourscore What follows is like to be small joy to them whatsoever they be that behold it Thus have the best things been overthrown not so much by puissance and might of Adversaries as through defect of Council in them that should have upheld and defended the same The Answer of the Bishop was as followeth viz. SIR I Received yours and though I have hardly time to return my thanks and tell you so yet in obedience to your commands I shall crave leave to tell you 1. That the passage you name in Mr. Hooker occurs in his fifth Book and in the end of the 79. Paragraph pag. 432. of the (a) The year when it was Printed is not mention'd only that it was Printed at London Old Edition And in the (b) Anno. 1062. last Edition of Hookers Policy by Doctor Gauden Bishop of Exeter the place occurs in the same Book and Paragraph pag. 329. 330. Note that Mr. Hooker had a Wife and if any be bad one of the worst in England and yet Bishop Gauden in his (c) Pag. 12. â—incâ ultimâ Life before Hookers Policy tells us that Mr. Hooker was never Married Now for Mr. Hookers Prophetical passage the time of it is not yet come For though we talked much of it and said it was fulfill'd when the Long Parliament pull'd down the Church and sold Church-lands for of such Sacriledge Hooker speaks yet it may be fulfill'd hereafter and Hookers Prediction true For Hooker did first Print his first Book in the (d) See Hookers Life by Isaack Walton pag. 117. Year 1597. The first four of his Policy being before Printed (e) Ibid. pag 116. Anno 1594. Now if you add to that Number 80. which is the utmost time Hooker mentions then the time of the fulfilling his prediction must be in the (f) Ann. 1597. Add 80. In all 1677. Year 1677. and so it is possible you and I may live to see the Issue of it And so much for the Point of Prophecies concerning which and our Country Men our old Historian Gul. Neubrigensis so they Print his Name but it should be Neuburgensis tells us Gens Anglorum Prophetiis semper dedita For your other Query about Poland The Historian I recommended to you because he was commended to me by My Lord Goreski and several other Polish Gentlemen was Mart. Cromerus who has other Works but those they commend as giving the best account of the State of Poland are 1. His Chronicon de Origine rebus gestis Poloniae Basil 1582. 2. His Polonia seu de situ populis moribus c. Poloniae Basil 2582. Now the Story I told you is what those Polonian Noble Persons tell me for I have not Read much in Cromerus That Poland is an Elective Kingdom 2. That there are pacta conventa and Fundamental Capitulations between him and the People which contain Jura Regni Populi the power of the King and the Priviledges and
willingness to relieve their necessities However I am persuaded that this most inhumane and Barbarous Persecution of the Innocent French Hereticks as they miscall them will make all sober Papists abhor the Pope and his party who use such Unchristian and Antichristian means to make Proselytes and endeavour to bring Men to the Catholick Faith as they pretend by Dragoons and Imprisonments not by demonstrations and Reasons out of Scripture For my Lord Anglesey's Papers which you mention I should be glad to see them for I well know that he had a great Understanding not only of things Civil and Political but Theological too Concerning the Question you mention of the Intention of the Priest and the dispute about it in the Council of Trent by a Bishop there you have the story in Father Paul's History of the Council lib. 2. pag. 240 241. The Bishop who Disputed excellently well against that Intention of the Priest was as he tells you the Bishop of Minori and that the Fathers did not (a) Father Paul's History of that Council pag. 242. approve his Opinion but that they were troubled and knew not how to Answer his Reasons However the Bishop of Minori did as he tells us in the Margent of that Page 242. a Year after the Council Write a little Book wherein he says that the Fathers of the Council were of his Opinion The truth is they maintain the necessity of the Priests Intention to magnifie the Priests Power and the Peoples dependance on him for if they Anger him he may as is and must be confess'd absolutely damn them For they Confess if he intend not all their Sacraments are absolute Nullities So that in the Eucharist if the Priest intend not to Consecrate it remain Bread still and they then Worshiping it as they do with Latria are the worst Idolaters (b) This is confess'd and prov'd by Costerus the Jesuit in his Enchiridion Controversiarum cap. 8. num 10. pag. 361. Editionis Colon. Agrippin 1587. in the World In short this their Doctrine of Intention is most erroneous and to them pernicious For 1. None in the Papacy who is Married can be so much as morally sure that his Children are not Bastards and every time he lyes with his Wife he commits not Fornication For Matrimony with them being a Sacrament if the Priest did not intend to Marry them then 't is no Marriage and then his Children are Bastards and he a Fornicator in begetting them 2. And once more notwithstanding their pretended Infallibility they can never be so much as morally certain that there is one true Christian in their whole Church For if those who Baptize do not intend it they are not Baptized and so not Christians and whether they intend or no is impossible for any save God who knows the Heart to know and therefore it is impossible to know that any in their Church no not the Pope is a Christian However this I am sure of that I am and intend to be Your affectionate Friend and Servant Thom. Lincoln Bugden April 20. 1686. A Letter of somewhat falsly and maliciously brought in in the Body of the Canon-Law My Honoured Friend FOR the Gloss you mention on the Can. Quoniam Dist 10. give me leave to tell you 1. That in an old Edition of the (a) Edit Paris An. 1522. Canon-Law with the Gloss and Case there is not one word or any mention of Cyprian or Julian 2. In the Edition of that Law with the Gloss and Case (b) An. 1612. at Paris which it seems you follow there is mention of Cyprian and Julian too 3 If you consult a Late (c) Edit Lugduni 1661. Edition of the Corpus Juris Canonici without the Gloss and many considerable Additions you will find several Notes subjoyn'd to that Canon Quoniam Dist 10. For instance 1. That in some Printed Copies of the Canon-Law the Title prefix'd to the Can. Quoniam was this Cyprianus Julio Imperatori which is ridiculous it being impossible that Cyprian should write to Julius the Emperor who was dead almost 300 years before Cyprian was born 2. In those Notes we are told that in all the Manuscripts one in the Vatican excepted the word Imperatori was left out and in one Manuscript Copy it was Cyprianus Juliano Episcopo whence it seems some ignorant Transcribers had made it Cyprianus Juliano Imperatori and yet Cyprian was dead at least 100 years before Julian was Emperor and so was not like to write to him 3. In those Notes above (d) In Edit Lugd. 1661. mention'd in some Antient Copies 't is Cyprianus Episcopo Jubiano 4. The Premises consider'd that there is such great difference and various readings of that Gloss as 1. Cyprianus Julio Imperatori 2. That the word Imperatori was in no Manuscript Copy save one 3. That in some Copies it was Cyprianus Juliano Imperatori 4. In others Cyprianus Juliano Episcopo 5. In others Cyprianus Jubiano Episcopo 6. In others as in the Printed Edition at Paris 1522. there is no mention at all of Cyprian Julian or any Emperor So that nothing is or can be certainly concluded as to Julian's being Pontifex and the Glossator calling him so from such various and uncertain readings 5. That the Roman Emperors and antiently all Kings were Sacerdotes Pontifices (a) Can. Cleros Dist 21. Gratian out of (b) Etymol l. 7. cap. 12. Isidore tells us in these words Ante autem Pontificeâ— Reges erant nam majorum haec consuetudo fuit ut Rex esset Sacerdos Pontifex inde Pontifices Romani Imperatores appellabantur At the beginning of the World and till Moses his time when God annex'd the Priesthood to Aaron and his Family Imperium Sacerdotium were in Primogenito And after our blessed Saviour's time the Priesthood was in the Apostles and their Successors yet the Pagan Emperors kept the Sacerdotium in their hands and were call'd Summi Pontifices but when the Emperors became Christians with the Gloss he mentions out of Cyprian tho' Cyprian was dead before Constantine and any Christian Emperor but cites no place in Cyprian to prove it 6. For the Glossator honest John Semeca if you consult the Paralipomena ad Abbatis Vespergensis Chronicon ad Annum 1256. pag. 332. you will find high commendations of him and his Gloss that he was Praepositus Halberstatensis and was an excellent Dr. of the Laws and excommunicated by Clemens the 4th who was made Pope An. 1264. but both the Pope and he died shortly after and so with their Lives that Quarrel ended I am Sir Your affectionate Friend and faithful Servant Tho. Lincolne Sir P. P. having observed many to look with an evil Eye on the Clerical Revenue and that in the considering of the affluent Quota the Levitical Tribe had allotted to it by the Divine Wisdom yet of the Proportion that the Number of the Levites held with the Number of all the
times a Loyal Subject and faithful Servant to his Prince and a true Son of the Church of England c. So that the commendation I can give him although it be great will be ivtra laudem sed infra meritum The old saying is still true Cicerone opus est ut dignè laudetur Cicero I shall only name two passages which concern my Lord which shew his ingenuity and Learning Being with my Lord in Oxford some time after Dr. Hoyle was by the Rebâ—llioâ—s Parliament invited out of Ireland and by them design'd Regius Professor of Divinity it seems that we had not then amongst all our English Dissenters any one who durst undertake that Office although it was both for dignity and revenue very considerable Now Dr. Hoyle a known Rebell and Presbyterian being so exceedingly magnify'd in all our Mercuries and News-Books for a most Learned Divine I ask'd my Lord whether Dr. Hoyle was a person of such great parts as was pretended My good Lord presently told us only Dr. Morly since Bishop of Winton and my self were present That he very well knew Dr. Hoyle in Dublin and had him many times at his Table and that he was a person of some few weak parts but of very many strong infirmities This Character which my Lord gave of Dr. Hoyle is like himself very ingenious and the University did find it true Another thing concerning that very ingenious and Learned Lord and very well known to me and many others was this When Mr. Chillingworth undertook the Defence of Dr. Potter's Book against the Jesuite he was almost continually at Tew with my Lord examining the Reasons of both Parties pro and con and their invalidity or consequence where Mr. Chillingworth had the benefit of my Lords Company and his good Library The benefit he had by my Lord's Company and rational Discourse was very great as Mr. Chillingworth would modestly and truly confess But his Library which was well furnish'd with choice Books I have several times been in it and seen them such as Mr. Chillingworth neither had nor ever heard of many of them 'till my Lord shew'd him the Books and the passages in them which were significant and pertinent to the purpose So that it is certain that most of those Ancient Authorities which Mr. Chillingworth makes use of he owes first to my Lord of Falkland s Learning that he could give him so good directions and next to his civility and kindness that he would direct him But no more of this You desire to know some more Authors who in the War between Charles the I. and the Parliament writ for the King you name Dudly Diggs Dr. Ferne Dr. Hammond and you might have named many more all Ingenuous and Loyal persons and my Friends and Acquaintance but I do not think their Reasons so cogent or their Authority so great that we may safely rely upon them I shall rather commend unto you two Writers on this subject both of them of great Authority and in several respects of greater Judgment I mean 1. Arch-Bishop Vsher whose judgment in Antiquity is far greater 2. My Predecessor Bishop Sanderson the best and most rational Casuist ever England had whose judgment will be confest far greater 1. First Arch-Bishop Usher does expresly and datâ operâ make it his business to prove our King's Supremacy in all Civil and Ecclesiastical Causes against all Popes and Parliaments and to the same purpose does amongst others cite Bp. Andrews Hooker Dr. Saravia and which is very considerable there 's a long Preface to the Book of at least 20 pages in Quarto The Book was publish'd by Dr. Bernard Bishop Usher's Chaplain Anno 1661. and Printed at London and Sold by Richard Mariott in St. Dunstan's Church-yard in Fleetstreet The Title of the Book is this Clavi Trabales confirming the King's Supremacy and the Subjects Duty c. 2. This second Author I mention was Dr. Sanderson Bishop of Lincoln in his Tracts 1. De solemni Ligâ Foedere 2. De Juramento Negativo 3. De Ordinationibus Parliamenti circa disciplinam cultum And that which adds honour and weight to these Tracts is this that although Dr. Sanderson then Regius Professor of Divinity composed them yet they contain not his judgment but the judgment of the whole Vniversity of Oxford for it is call'd in the Title page Judicium Vniversitatis Oxoniensis in plena Convocatione Communibus suffragijs nemine contradicente promulgatum 1 Junii 1647. In the last and best Edition besides the 3. Tracts above mention'd you have his excellent Prelections 1. De Obligatione Juramenti promissorii 2. De obligatione conscientiae The last and best Edition I above mention'd was at London Anno 1671. By Richard Royston in St. Paul's Church-yard For answering your other Questions I must as poor men do crave some more time The Circumstances I am in and the very many publick businesses which at this time trouble me did disable me to return to you a speedier answer with my thanks for your kind Letter I beg your pardon for the rude Scrible and my great Age Anno 85. currente and the Infirmities which accompany it consider'd I hope your goodness will grant it I shall only add that God Almighty would be graciously pleas'd to bless you and your Studies is the Prayer of Your Affectionate Friend and Servant Thomas Lincoln The Substance of a Letter Written by Dr. Barlow late Lord Bishop of Lincolne to Mr. Isaac Walton upon his design of Writing the Life of his Predecessour Bishop Sanderson AFTER he has Congratulated Mr. Walton upon his design to write the Life of Bishop Sanderson and that upon two accounts viz. Because he was satisfied both of his ability to know and his Integrity to write Truth And that he was no less assured that the Life of that Prelate would afford him matter enough both for his commendation and for the Imitation of Posterity He next proceeds to gratifie his desires in assisting him towards the said intended Work with the Communication of such particular passages of that Prelates Life as were certainly known to him and gives him a short Narration of which this is the substance First he professes he had known him about twenty Years and that in Oxford he had injoyed his Conversation and Learned and Pious Instructions when he was Royal Professor of Divinity in that University and that after he was by the cross events that hapned in the Civil Wars in the time of King Charles the First forced to retire into the Country he had the benefit of conversing with him by Letters wherein with great candour and affection he answered all doubts he proposed to him and gave him more satisfaction than he ever had or expected from others But to proceed to particulars he further says that having hapned in one of his Letters to the said Dr. Sanderson to mention two or three Books Written professedly against the being of Original Sin and asserting
prophanare Vnde Sacerdos quantumcunque polluâ—â— existat divina non potest polluere Sacramenta quae purgatoria cunctorum pollutionum exiscunt The Sons of Eli the High Priest are called Sons of Belial and such as knew not the Lord 1 Sam. 2.12 yet 't is not to be doubted but that their Administration of the Holy things was useful and profitable to God's People Yet this we must say that though the sinfulness and prophaneness of Ministers cannot directè and per se make the Sacrament invalid it may indirectly and per accidens occasion the Sacraments not doing the People so much good as might otherwise have happened And thus the Sons of Eli 1 Sam. 2.17 are said to have made some abhor the offerings of the Lord and v. 24. to make the Lord's People transgress I shall now proceed to shew that the Validity of the Sacrament depends not on the intention of the Priest The Papists say first in general that the intention of the Priest is required And that Secondly By Intention they understand Voluntatem faciendi quod facit ecclesia Bellarmine takes a great deal of pains to clear this Tenet of the Church of Rome from absurdity But Omnia cum fecit Thaida Thais olet God as the King of all sends his Ministers of the Gospel as his Embassadors Now what matter is it what the Embassador intends if he delivers his King's Message well If a Man gives a Gift and sends it by another the intention of the Giver is only considered and not that of the Messenger But to urge the matter more closely if the efficacy of the Sacrament depends on the intention of the Priest then according to the Papists will it be in his power to deprive the People of that and even of Salvation it self And then again none but the Priests themselves can tell whether Idolatry be committed or no. For Papists are bound to â—orship the Consecrated Bread Cultu latâ—â—â— and they all grant that if after Consecration the Bread should not be Transubstanâ—â—ated they are gross Idolaters Now who can tell what the Priest intends in Consecration Moreover since Order is a Sacrament with the Romanists that they cannot know the intention of the Priest it must necessarily follow that instead of their being able to know that their Pope is Infallible they are not able to know that he is a Pope at all For he cannot be a Pope unless he was made a Bishop But whether he was ever made a Bishop or whether he or any else in the Câ—urch was ever Baptized and made a Christian none but the searcher of Hearts knows And so it must necessarily follow that all Papists while such must perpetuae incertitudinis vertigine acti in aeternum dubitare But so absurd is this Tenet of the intention of the Priest as essential to the validity of the Sacrament and the ill Consequences of it so very many that we are told it out of the History of the Council of Trent a Bishop in that Council Disputing largely against it the Historian saith of him Tantae erant rationes à se adductae ut caeteros Theologos in stuporem dederant Vide fis Historiam Tridentinam lib. 2. p. 276. Leidae â—editam Anno 1622. Of a Presbyterian Divine reporting publickly That Bishop Sandersoâ— died an Approver of that Sect and of a Paper attested by Bishop Barlow to the contrary and of the contrary likewise appearing out of Bishop Sanderson's last Will and Testâ—ment OF the shameful Calumnies of Papists in reporting that some of the Fathers of our Church died Papists though they had been the greatest Zealots against Popery an Instance is given by one who was a Convert from the Church of Rome to that of England and Authour of a Book call'd The Foot out of the Snare Printed at London Anno 1624. and where in pag. 18. he mentions how Dr. King Bishop of London in a Sermon on the 5th of November had represented the Jesuits and Jesuited Papists as notorious Architects of Fraud and Cousenage and saith that the Bishop spoke those words prophetically as by a kind of fore-instinct how he should in his memory suffer by their Forgeries the which he did by their lying Book called The Bishop of London's Legacy making him die a Papist and which Book as he saith was writ by one Musket a Jesuit and â—â—lates in p. 80. how a Priest of the Church of Rome told him He was sorry that ever their Superiors should suffer such a Book for that it would do the Romanists more hurt than any Book they ever wrote And he might well say so it being most true what the Lord Bacon said That Frost and Fraud have always foul ends And as Bishop King was thus in his Memory basely attacked by a Papist so our great Bishop Sanderâ—on was by a Presbyterian Divine who shall not be named out of honour to a Noble Lord his Patron And it is not to be doubted but that Dr. Sanderson who had been ordain'd Deacon and Priest by that Bishop King as Walton tells us in the Doctor 's Life had been sufficiently inform'd of that Popish Calumny design'd to blast Bishop King's Reputation and therefore Bishop Sanderson did take care that Posterity should be sufficiently apprised of the Faith he intended to live and die in by his giving the world a notification thereof in his last Will and Testament the which was by him perfected on the 6th day of January 1662. some few Weeks before his Death for he died on the 26th day of that Month and his Will was proved in the Prerâ—gative Court at London on the 28th of March 1663. The Witnesses Names to the Will are Josiah â—uâ—len Ja. Thornton Edw Foxley Bishop Barlow who since succeeded Bishop Sanderson in the Dioces of Lincoln did while he was Provost of Queens College in Oxford sign an Attestation of the factum of Bishop Sanderson's dying as he had lived a true Son of the Church of England and of a Presbiterian Divine calumniating him for the contrary and delivered the following Paper to the late Minister of Buckden for his information in the Matter of that Factum There was one of Bishop Sanderson's Sermons preach'd on this Text But in vain do they worship me teaching for Doctrines the Commandments of men Mat. 15.9 This Posthumous Sermon was printed on this occasion Mr. Roswel B. of D. and Fellow of Christ Church College in Oxon meeting with Dr. Tho. Sanderson the Bishop's Son he shows him a Copy of this Sermon fairly writ with the Bishop's own hand Mr. Roswell read lik'd and desired it might be printed but the Dr. deny'd because the Bishop had commanded none of his Papers to be printed after his Death Mr. Reynel Fellow of C. Christi being in Lancashire found that a Presbyterian Minister had possessed many of that Country with a belief that Bishop Sanderson before his death repented of what he writ against the Presbyterians and on his death bed would