Selected quad for the lemma: life_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
life_n	believe_v	name_n	son_n	10,779	5	6.4356	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A00616	The conspiracie of Catiline, written by Constancius, Felicius, Durantinus, and translated bi Thomas Paynell: with the historye of Iugurth, writen by the famous Romaine Salust, and translated into Englyshe by Alexander Barcklaye; De conjuratione L. Catalinae. English	Felice, Costanzo.; Paynell, Thomas.; Barclay, Alexander, 1475?-1552.; Sallust, 86-34 B.C. Bellum Jugurthinum. English. aut	1557 (1557)	STC 10752; ESTC S101906	241,855	430

and vanyssheth awaye wythin shorte tyme. But contrarely the excellente and worthy actes belonging to mans wyt be immortall and euerlastyng as the soule is immortall And finally in lykewyse as the begynning of the gyftes corporall or naturall and of the gyftes of fortune is caduke vayne and vncertayne ryght so is the ende of the same mutable transitory And all thynges whiche be borne and springyng agayne decayeth and approcheth to deth whan these same be growē and increased to the high of theyr perfectiō agayne they begyne to decay and consume by age and debilite But the mynde and soule beynge incorrupte eternal and gouernoure of mankynde ruleth and weldeth al thynges but it selfe can nat be violently ruled nor compelled by any thynge erthly consyderyng the frewyll whiche it optayneth of his creatour For whiche consyderation the frowarde iniquite of them is more to be maruayled which subdued to the ioyes and pleasures of the body passe forthe the time of theyr lyfe in carnall lustes and ydelnes But towchyng theyr wyt whiche is the best gyfte and grettest treasure graūted to mankynde that suffre they to slomber and to slepe wythout exercise in slouthe and ydelnes whose dulnes surely is somoch more to be blamed namely sith so many diuers noble exercises occupacions of the mynd be by whom most clere nobles and fame vndefiled may be optayned But of suche diuers exercises concernyng the mynd some are better refused thā procured in troublous tymes inquiet And namely in this tyme turbulent and season vnquiet great offyces lordeshyppes rowmes to commaunde and rule and brefely to speke All maner cure concerning the administracion of thynges appartenyninge to the commen wele semeth vnto me nat at all to be coueted or desyred of any wyse man For neyther is honour giuen vnto vertue as condigne rewarde and worthy therto belongynge nother such as haue gotten iurisdictiō and honoure by fraude and vnlaufull meanes in lyke case can nat be moore sure nor more honest by meane of such honour so vnryghtwysly obtayned For certenly a man to rule hys countrey kynred by myght and violence all if he haue power so to do and also though he ryght wysly correct the crimes of the transgressours and misdoers Neuertheles so to do it is vnbehouefull and vnexpediente And often at conclusion more perylous and daungerous than it is sure or profytable and namelye syth all mutacions of thynges and chaunges of gouernours pretende threten slaughter of some exile or wylfull flyghte imprisonmente wyth othere lyke crueltyes more belongyng to ennemies of a commen wele than to defenders of the same Than forthermore a man to labour to the vttermost of his power and all in vayne And in weryenge him selfe to get noughte els but euyll wyll and hatred it is a point of extreme vtter madnes excepte parchaunce it be suche one whiche hath a disshonest a foule and perelous pleasur to cast away for nought hys owne worshyppe libertie for pleasure of a fewe mighty men vsurpers of dominion and lordshyp But amōg all other besinesse whiche are exercised by mannes wyt the redyng of hystories and the reducing of the same to memory is moch more necessary and profitable to al degrees beryng rule of a commen wele but most namely vnto princes Of power profet and commodite wherof I purpose at this tyme to passe ouer with silence bycause many other authours haue wrytten of the same befor my time And also that no mā shuld suppose my selfe by prid or insolēce to bost mine owne study vainly laudīg the same But meche contrarye I beleue rather that some enuious malygners shal be hereafter which shal obiect ascribe a name of slouth and negligence to this my laboure Nowe great and profitable so euer it be that bycause I haue determyned to lede my lyfe solitarely fre from medlyng with the commen wele Certaynly as I suppose they onely shall impute and ascribe suche name to me to this my labour which thinketh it a most great and singular craft or practised wysedome to wynne beniuolence by salutyng the commen people and by dyssimulate reuerence done to euery man passyng by them or els to get fauour by feastynge and flateryng the commenty Whiche enuious maligners yf they wolde consider bothe in what maner seasons and in what ieopardous tymes I haue obtayned offices rownes of auctorite and what men wolde gladly and yet myght nat obtayne suche rowmes Moreouer yf they call to mynd what maner of men afterwarde came into the order of senatoures For certayne if my wyllers consider indifferently these premisses than shall they thinke that I haue chaunged the purpose of my mynd more for cause reasonable and by good aduisement thā for slouth and cowardise and they shall fynde that more profete shall come to the commen wele by this my study which they count but ydelnes and tyme mysspente than of the laboure and besynes whiche other men take vpon them fayntly and iniustlye administrynge the common wele And they shall fynde that my writing shal proue it selfe more laudable and profitable to the comentie thā theyr vndiscrete gouernaunce For often haue I harde of the famous prynces Quintus Maximus and Publius Scipio and besyde these of many other ryght famous and worthy men of the cytie of Rome whiche whā they behelde the ymages of theyr forefathers made of stone of waxe or of metall erecte into hye trones in memoriall of the valiaunte and magnificente actes by them doone for the commen wele the sayde princes in aduisinge suche ymages weere wonte to saye vnto suche as stode nere by them that theyr myndes were gretlye kyndeled to vertue and nobles in contemplynge of the same The case is playne that suche figures of metall stone or waxe had nat such operatiō nor myght within them selfe But such hygh courage and flame was kindeled and increased in the hardye hertes of suche noble men and valiante warrious by remembraunce of the gloryous dedes of theyr forefathers in theyr lyfe tyme done and represented to their memory by such ymages in so moche that this flame kyndled in theyr hertes to vertue coude neuer be slaked nor saciate in thē tyl tyme that they were equall with their forefathers in vertue fame and glory Than how moch more ought the clere description of hystores to kyndell vnto boldnes vertu the myndes of noble men by redyng of the same But moche contrary yf we aduert the worlde as it is nowe amonge all men whiche lyue and conforme them selfe to the maners vsed nowe adayes where shall we fynde one but that wyll striue and contende wyth theyr forefathers to ouercome them other in couetise and superfluous ryches or els in prodigalite and wastfull expences and nat in honest and laudable lyfe good excercises and diligence And moreouer genty linē of the fyrst hed whiche were wont to preuente auncient noble men and ascende vnto vertue and nobles by vertuous maners suche laboure nowe to

lordeshyp honour and authorite by fraude and falshode rather then by very vertue or good meanes and laudable After such maner as if the offyce of a hye Juge of a Tresourer a Cōsull a Prouost and all suche other great offices were noble excellente of them selfe And nat in maners as if suche offices shulde be counted of worthines and dignite after as the vertue and honour is of such as rule in the same offices and by rowmes But playnlye affirmynge the treuth the man maketh the office noble and worsshypefull yf his maners shyne by vertue But yf his conuersacion be contrary no offyce no rowme can make hym noble nor worshypfull But this omittyng I haue proceded in this prologue wyth ouer ferre circumstaunce and also wyth somewhat to moche libertie of wordes more than in a preface is requisite for that it pyteeth me of these tedious maners of this oure citye of Rome But now wyl I come to my mater purposed and fyrst interpryse begonne ¶ Of what matter Salust intendeth to treate in proces of hys boke and what causes moueth hym of suche mater to wryte The fyrste Chapter IN this warke I purpose to wrytte of the warre whiche the Romaynes had an executed agaynste the tyrannye Iugurthe wronfully vsurpyng the name of a kynge ouer the lande of Numidy Many causes moueth me by writinge to commend this warre to perpetuall memory Fyrst for that in the same was foughten at many tymes with greate multitude of men on eyther partie with moche cruell murdre and variable victorye the Romaines sometyme sometyme the Iugurthius preuaylyng in victory Forthermore bycause that fyrst at this batayle and from thens forwarde the commen people of Rome matched with the princes resistynge theyr pryde For where as before this tyme the noble men of Rome oppressed subdued the commens with vnresonable rigoure the commens elect one named Marius a man of basse byrth to be cōsul of Rome and captayne in this batayle whiche after he had obtayned victory ouer Iugurth with greate glorye triumph and fauoure of the commentie he supported thē in suche wyse agaynst the noble men that of the same rose a cyuile bataile and greuous discorde betwene the noble men and commens of Rome Marius maintenyng the commens partie and Silla susteyninge that partie of the noble men In somoch that finallye bytwene these two partes and captayns of the same was foughten an vnkynde vnnaturall and cruell batell to the greuous ruine of the Romaine empire and subuercion of the cōmen wele whiche contention and variaunce confounded bothe the lawes of god and man and by the same were all good ordinaunces disordred And this same furious debate and folye proceded at last to so vnresonable madnesse excecate fury that it neuer desisted nor this varyaunce and discencion bytwene the noble men and commens neuer ceased tyll tyme that cruell mortall batayle foughten bytwene both parties tyl tyme that also distructiō of the land of Italy compelled both parties at last to consyder theyr owne blynde folye and cruell furor so finallye to mittigate and fynishe theyr debate and vnresonable dyssencion But fyrst or I begyn to write of this batell I shall repeate and declare a few thinges done before this war began to th entent that al thinges moost chiefe worthye expedient to be knowē may be more euidēt open clere to the reders ¶ How the kynge Massinissa came into the fauoure of the Romayns and howe the lande of Numydy was commytted vnto hym The second Chapter THe Romayns had thre notable famous batayls agaynste the Carthaginences in whiche the same Romayns had great dāmage Howe be it in conclusion of euery batayle they wanne victorye of theyr ennemyes in the seconde of these batailes what tyme Haniball duke and captayne of the Carthaginences wasted the welth and riches of Italy more thā any other enemy had euer done before after the Romayns beganne to haue any greate name and to delate theyr dominion A famous prince named Massinissa kynge of the lande of Numydy was receyued into frindshippe and fauour of the Romaynes by one Publius Scipio captayne of the sayd Romaynes whiche Scipio afterward for his manhode was named Scipio affrycan bycause he ouer came and subdued the lande of Affrike This Massinissa so receyued into fauour of the Romayns in the foresayde batayle dyd many noble and famous actes of chyualry with hygh valiantise and corage For whiche dedes after the Romayns had ouercome the Carthaginences and theyr citie and after they had taken prisoner the king Sciphax which had in Affrik a worthy great and large impire the people of Rome gaue frely vnto the same kynge Massinissa all suche cities and landes as they had taken and wone in batayle For whiche benefites so magnificent and ample Massinissa cōtinued vnto them in profitable and faythful frendshyp hys life induring but at last his lyfe ended and the welth of his empire decayed also with hym This kynge departyng lefte behynd hym thre sonnes whose names were Macipsa Manastaball and Galussa of whome Micipsa suceded his father and alone obtayned the kyngedome after that the other two brethern Manastabal and Galussa were departed frome this lyfe by sickenesse This Micipsa had two sonnes named Adherball Hiempsall But Manastaball his brother which departed as sayd is left behynd him one sonne nat lauflly borne but a bastarde begoten of his cōcubine wherfore departing he lefte hym orbate withoute lande or lyuelode This consyderinge Micipsa suffered hym nat to faute nor decaye but forasmoche as he was his brothers sonne receyued hym into his court hym cherished in lyke wise as he dyd his owne sonnes Adherbal Hiemsal This Iugurth after that he was a lytel growen vp to age was myghty in strength comely and fayre of face but moost of all excellente of wyt wysedome Nor he gaue nat hym selfe to be corrupte with lust nor incraftye slouthe but as is the custome maner of the people of Numidi hymselfe he exercised somtyme in rydyng somtime in castyng the dart iustyng somtyme in ronnyng wrestlynge with his companyons of lyke age And nat with standyng that in laud and prayse he passed al his peres yet none enuied hym but he was derely beloued cheryshed lauded of al men Moreouer he passed moche of his tyme in huntynge of wyld bestes which in that land habounded he was the firste or one amonge the firste which durst assaile and stryke the lyon and other cruell and wylde bestes he dyde moche lytel sayd or bosted of hymselfe For suche demeanour his vncle Micipsa at first begynnynge was gladde and ioyefull supposynge that in tyme to come the manly behauour strength of Iugurth shuld be glory honour to al his kyngdome But afterwarde in processe of tyme whan he cōsydred vnderstode his lyfe approchinge fast to ende hys naturall sonnes yonge and vnexperte And this yonge man Iugurth in honour and fauour dayly encreasing more and more

haue exchewed Catilines company and amytie he had nothyng gone oute of kynde from his forefathers He was excellently lerned in greke and latine he had a ioly quicke wytte he was a goodly yonge manne and a towarde But he with Catilines company and amitie made vnlyke to hym selfe in a folyshe brayde fled vnto Catilines campe Whom his harde father returnynge hym backe againe frome hys iourney whanne he hadde with spytefull rebukes rated hee afterwarde commaunded hym to be slayne Also there was an opinion that P. Clodius the sonne of Appius departed out of the citie to thentente to go to Catiline After that chaunging his purpose he returned to the citie and so Cicero obiecteth againste hym in manye places that he was companion of the conspiracie the whiche cryme although it werē obiected of an enemye yet I beleue it to be true for the lyfe and maners of Clodius approue that he boldely enterprised all thinges Also there were some that saide that C. Antonius the consull was one that conspired with Catiline whoos 's opinion was approued by this one argumente that Antonius neuer endeuoured hym selfe to auoide that suspicion of familiaritie wyth Catiline which men than had of hym neyther by denyinge nor yet by dissimulacion Nor this furious infeccion dyd not onelye inuade the citie but in a maner all Italy and was nowe spred priuely throughe many prouinces And excepte the conspiracie had bene discouered in the citie surely Catiline in short tyme had gathered an infinite armye and the commocions in all places had ben excedynge greate In Apulia in Brutiis in Pelignis in Capua in a countrey of Pise and specially amonge the Pisaurians and Camercians in Tuschayne in Fraunce the hither and further the bandes of men of armes romed abrod some priuelye and some openlye ¶ Ambassadours are sente from the senate into diuers prouinces of Italy to wythstande the rebellion Cap. xxiiii BVT the huge mocion of this cursed conspiracie reysed vp by Marcellus the father and the sonne disclosed by L. Vectius was appealed and brought downe by Bibulus in pelignis and by Cicero in Brutus and by them they were bothe punyshed But in the further Fraunce C. Murena the legate brother vnto Murena that was apointed to bee consull In the countreye of Pyse and the one parte of Fraunce the noble maire Q. Metellus dyd withstand and let the myscheuous fury and ententes of the conspiratours And many of these dyd Metellus cast in prisō Albeit through the faulte of the writers as I suppose it is falsely red in Saluste that this C. Murena shulde be the ruler of the hyther Fraunce For Cicero doth affirme that he was at that tyme in the further Fraunce with all his power And by the same authour wee haue shewed before that Q. Metellus Celer was sente from the senate into the countrey of Pise a part of Fraunce Furthermore Cicero the consul cōmaunded that all the inhabitantes and dwellers there aboute shulde strongly fortifie their townes with garisons of men of armes and to defende their borders and cities from the inuasion of Catiline Also he sente P. Sestius the treasourer with an army to Capua bycause he herde saye that the rebels wente about to take it Than whan he was come to Capua he banyshed frome thence C. Meulanus a man geuen to ryot and C. Marcellus endeuoryng him selfe to wynne the citie by force and to reyse vp a seruile warre and entendynge to do many other leude deedes and deliuered that citie frome mooste greuouse peryll Wherfore the chiefe rulers of Capua for that the welth of their citie was preserued they in honour of M. Tullius sette vp a golden image and called hym their patrone and to P. Sestius they openly gaue gret thākes ¶ The preparacion of the rebelles in the citie and their councelles wyth the ambassadours of Dolphinois Cap. xx v. AT THE same season the capitaines lefte by Catiline in the citie entised vnto warre the citizens the straungers the noble men the meane and men of lowe degree of what sort so euer they were which they sawe desyrous of new alteracions that were mete for warre further they prepared mallettes to set fire on the citye and sente secretlye vnto Catiline bothe armoure and money ¶ There were than at Rome ambassatours of Fraūce sente from a citie somwhat in trouble desiryng of the senat to deliuer their towne which was greatly indetted Wherfore Lētulus supposed lightly to allure those men to ayde them in their warres for as much as the french men are of nature inclined to warre and alwaye intentiue to newe businesse and hated the present estate of the people of Rome In this confederacie were many commodities Fyrst Fraunce had great plentie of horsemen of whome the conspiratoures sawe them selfes to haue greate neede Seconde bycause the people of Dolpiny were next adioynynge to Italye and by the reason that Fraūce shuld be in an vprore ruffelinge they thought no man could resiste the conspiracy And so bycause P. Vmbrenus was aqueinted with the frenchemen they gaue hym charge that he shulde require the saide ambassadoures to take their partes and shewed hym by what reason it myght be done Vmbrenus sente for the ambassadours and diligently accomplyshed the matter ¶ Ciceros watchefull diligence and hys monicions to the frenche ambassadours whych vttered the secretes of the conspiracy Cap. xxvi BVT M. Cicero beynge alway watcheful and prouident to see and perceiue what the conspiratours wente aboute and intended vsed the helpe and counsaile of L. Torquatus P. Lentulus Spinter Q. Catulus M. Lucullus P. Seruilius M. Cato Q. Sanga and of many other moste noble and worthy men They hyghly fauoryng the common weale inquered and serched out al thyng and what so euer came to their knowlege they forthwith made relacion therof to the consull Than as fortune woulde the ambassadoures communed of these matters wyth Q. Fabius Sanga a righte noble manne whyche was the Frenche mens patrone He beyng a a counsel wyth Cicero in al thinges spedely shewed the matter to the consull Than the consull thynkinge that he hadde nowe good occasion openlye to conuince the conspiratours which thing he alway desyred commaunded the ambassadours to come secretelye vnto hym and admonyshed them that they shulde not bee ennemyes to the people of Rome withoute a cause Nor that they shulde ioyne their welthy state with the wretched condicion of Catiline Lentulus and other miserable personnes nor that it behoued them to enteprise thynges vncertayne for certayne or for a small commoditee to aduenture vpon exceding great perylles All warre is easelye begonne but it is not in his power to make an ende that beganne it He sayde Catiline by my counsailes by my great laboure and trauaile and wyth mi strēgth of men of armes is so be set about on al sides febled that my felowe Antonius with an army may easely subdue hym Within the citie al thinges are abundantly foreseen and prouided for that no man can once sturre

retynue which thing I know for certayne is to your greate pleasure and gladnes For his worthy merytes he is right dere and wel beloued vnto vs. And we shall deuoyr vs to the best of oure power that he may bee lyke deere and well beloued of all the senatours people of Rome I am surely ryght ioyefull on youre behalfe of this youre treasoure Iugurth thauncient amyte betwene you and me byndeth me to be gladde of this your commodite For certaynely lo here haue ye a man of Iugurth wrrthy to discende of such noble stocke as ye are and as his grandefather Massinissa was in his dayes whom he foloweth in all poyntes of vertue and magnanimite ¶ Howe the kyng Micipsa adopted Iugurth vnto his sonne The fyfte Chapter WIth these letters of Scipio Iugurth retourned vnto Numidy vnto his vncle Mycipsa where he was worthely and ioyefully receiued of the cōmentie But after that the king Micipsa vnderstode by these letters of commendacion of the captayne Scipio that the valiaunte and noble actes of Iugurth were trewe whiche longe before he had harde by report of the cōmen fame thā what for the nobles of Iugurth and fauoure bothe of his dedes and commendacion of Scipio he moued his mynde chaunged frō his forsayd purpose and not forther intended to oppresse Iugurthe by malyce nor enuy But concluded to attempt to ouercome him with benefites and kindnesse to th entent that he so ouercome shulde not in tyme to come fynde in his hert for pyte to indommage hym nor his heyres And sone after this purpose the same Micipsa adopted Iugurth vnto his sonne and farthermore decreed ordayned in his testament that Iugurth shulde be one of his heyres and partener in possession of his kingdome togyder with his two natural sōnes Adherbal Hiempsall But a fewe yeres after this ordinaunce Micipsa what by age what by sykenesse drew nere vnto his end of lyfe and was consumed by age and disease wherfore consideryng his deth so fast approchynge it is sayd that he called Iugurth before him and than before many of his frendes and kynsmen also in presēce of his two natural sōnes Adherbal and Hiempsal he had to the same Iugurth such wordes as he herafter insue folowe ¶ The exortacion which the kyng Micipsa a lytell before his deth had to Iugurth The .vi. Chapter MI dere sonne Iugurth I knowe it is not oute of your remembraūce howe after that ye had lost your father my brother I charitably louingly receiued you yonge of tender age into my kyngdome what tyme ye warre without riches wythout conforte and without any hope of comferte or ryches but very lykely to haue bene cast awaye This dyd I thinkyng that for these my benefytes and kyndnesse I shoulde bee vnto you not lesse intyerly beloued than of myne owne naturall chyldren with my body begotten Nor certainly this thing hath not disceiued me For why to ouerpasse your other great magnificente excellente dedes of you valyauntly done before specially now last of all cōmynge from the warre of Numāce ye greatly adourned and inhaunced to honoure glory bothe of mine owne person and this my kingdome And where as the Romaynes in fore times were frendes vnto vs by your vertue and manlye actes ye haue establyshed that amitie and of frendes made thē moche moore frendes So that in Hispayne the name glorie of oure householde by your manhode is renouate and renewed Thus finally ye haue ouercome the enuie of your yl willers onely by your glorious actes and valiaunt interprises whiche is one of the moost difficultie wherfore nowe my sonne Iugurth sithe it is so that nature hath nere concluded the ende of my life I admonishe charge and exhorte you by the faith of your right hand and by the faith and fidelite which ye owe to this my kingdome I obtest and require you that ye loue meintaine and cherishe these my two sonnes Adherbal and Hiempsall whiche of kinnered be nere to you and by my benefite and kindnes are bretherene vnto you Forthremore I exhorte you that ye counte not better and moore pleasure to acquainte and conioine vnto youe forayns or straungers rather than to ret●yne suche as be ioyned to you by natural blode and kynred For neyther is a great army of men nor habundance of treasours the chefe socours or defence of a kyngdome but ●oche rather trusty faythfull frendes whome a man canne neyther compelled by force of armes nor yet bye with golde nor syluer to parseuer in stedfast amyte but they be optayned kept by kyndnesse good dedes fidelite faythfulnes But among all frendes who can be more frendlye stedfaste in amyte than brother to brother Certaynly none ought to be more louyng of natural inclination Or what straūger shal ye fynd faythful and trusty to you if ye shewe your selfe ennemy to your owne kynsmen Forsothe if ye contynue togyder honest good louyng in agreable concorde bytwene your selfe thanne this kyngdome which I committe gaue vnto you shall continue sure and stedfast as it is nowe But cōtrarely if ye be yll and disagreynge among your selfe ye shal in short season make it ryght poore feble incertayne For by loue peace concorde small ryches small lordshyppes generally al smal thynges increase and multiplie by discorde the grettest thynges of the worlde decay and fall vtterly to ruyne But you my sonne Iugurthe by cause ye passe these myne other two naturall sonnes in age wysdome therfore it semeth you moche more than them to make suche wyse prouision bothe for your selfe and for them also that nothyng happen other wyse than well For in euery stryffe debate howe be it whiche is mightyer rycher often suffreth iniury Neuerthelesse it semeth more that he dothe wronge thanne his feble aduersary But ye my dere sonnes Adherball Hiempsall se that ye worshipe and loue this Iugurth your worthy vncle And bewar that ye nat offende nor dysplease hym but folow his vertue manly behauour And do your deuoir to the best of your power after his example behauynge your selfe so discretly so wysely that it be nat hereafter reported by me that I haue taken vnto me by adoption better chyldren than I haue begottē Thus concluded the kyng Micipsa his words Howe be it Iugurth well perceyued the kynges wordes but fayned and spoken agaynst his herte if any other remedy myghte haue bene founde neuertheles he answered benygnely for the tyme all if he thought and reuoulued in his mynde moche otherwyse and contrary to his humble and mylde answere ¶ Howe the kyng Mycipsa departed from lyfe and of the fyrst cause of dissencion and discord betwene Iugurth A●herball and Hiempsall The .vii. Chapter NOt long after the kynge Micipsa decessed whose deathe was dolourous and sore bewayled of all his subiectes but most of all to his naturall sonnes it was to be lamented and not without greate cause as the processe of this