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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A03885	A summary of controuersies Wherein are briefly treated the cheefe questions of diuinity, now a dayes in dispute betweene Catholikes & protestants: especially out of the holy Scripture. Written in Latin by the R. Father, Iames Gordon Huntley of Scotland, Doctour of Diuinity, of the Society of Iesus. And translated into English by I.L. of the same Society. The I. tome, deuided into two controuersies.; Controversiarum epitomes. English	Gordon, James, 1541-1620.; Wright, William, 1563-1639.	1618 (1618)	STC 13998; ESTC S104309	167,262	458

32. Christ hath but one spouse and acknowledgeth no other They shal be two in one flesh but I sayth the Apostle speake in Christ in the Church So also Christ speaketh of the Church my doue and my persect is one Cant. 6. v. 8. Christ is not an adulterer neyther doth he beget any children of an adulteresse For this cause saith S. Cyprian the spouse of Christ cannot be an adulte●esse ●he is not corrupted S. Cyp● in tra●● de vnit E●cles and she is chast And a little after VVhosoeuer be●ng separated from the Church is ioyned to an adul●er●sse he is separated from the promises of the Chu●ch Neyther shall he euer attaine to the rewards S. Aug. Tom. 9. de ●ymh ad Ca●h lib. 4. c vlt. of Christ who teares the Church of Christ He is an al●ene he is prophane he is an enemy he cannot haue God for his Father who hath not the Church for his Mother Thus he which last words S. Augustin repeateth out of him 2. Secondly he that is without the body of Christ cannot receyue the spirit of Christ nor be partaker of the lyfe and Rom. 8. v. 9. S. Aug. Tom. 29. tract 2. in oan merits of Christ But he who hath not the spirit of Christ is not his as witnesseth the Apostle S. Augustine d●clareth this very well by the example of a mans body whose members cannot liue vnlesse they be ioyned to the body Another reasō also S. Augustine alledgeth taken from the forsaid property of the Church None sayth he obtayneth saluatiō euerlasting lyse but he who S. Aug Tom. 7. de vnit Ecc. c. 19. hat● Christ to be his head But none can haue Christ to be his head but he who is in ●is body which is the Church So sayth S. Augustine 4. Thirdly the Name only of a Mother doth proue this sufficiently For none can be conceyued nor borne without a mother and the child which is borne if it leaue to sucke the mothers breasts will perish for hunger By which argument euen our wisest Aduersaries are conuinced For both Caluin ●nd Beza doe confesse Calu. l. 4. nstit c 1. Beza cap. 5. Confess Art 1. this that euen the name only of a mother doth conuince that which we haue sayd to be true yea also the Scripture doth oftē testify that out of the bosome of the Church we cannot hope for the rem●ssion of our sinnes nor euerlasting saluation and that the going out of the true Church was alwaies hatefull And hence it commeth to passe that in the Creed of the Apostles first we belieue the holy Catholike Church and then the remission of sinnes and lyfe euerlasting because indeed without this Church none can obtaine eyther remissiō of their sinnes or life euerlasting CHAP. III. That the Church of Christ is to continue for euer THE second errour of our Aduersaries is that many of them affirme that the Church of Christ hath not continually endured but that it sometymes fayled This error may also be easily refuted by the forsayd propertyes offices of the Church For first the Church is the spouse of Christ of which he speaketh by the Prophet I will betroth thee vnto me for euer Christ therfore did not b●troth his Church vnto him Ose 2. v. 19. for a few yeares only 2. Secondly the Church is the Body of Christ but Christ cannot be without his Rom. 12. v. 5. body And truly it were a monstrous thing to see a liuing head without a body 3. Thirdly the Church is the Kingdome of Christ but the Scriptures doe teach in many places that this Kingdome Psa● 83. ve 89. v. 36. of Christ shall continue for euer as Micheae 4. v. 7. Daniel 2. v. 44. Ierem. 33. v. 20. 21. Luc. 1. 32. 33. Lastly Christ sweareth in his Holy One that is to say by his Holines that the Kingdome of Christ shall last for euer Wherefore they endeauour to make Christ himself periured who affirme that the Kingdome of Christ sometymes perished 4. Fourthly the Church is the House Matt. 17. v. 18. of Christ the which he built vpon a rocke and against which the gates of hell shall neuer preuaile 5. Fifthly the same is proued be the 1. Cor. 11. v. 26. offices of the Church The Church shall shew the death of our Lord vntil he come God also gaue some as Apostles and Doctors who should Ephes 4. v. 11. teach and rule the Church vntill we meet all in Christ in the end of the world When Christ also sent his Disciples to teach all Nations and to administer the Sacramēts he added this promise Behould I am with Matt. vlt. v. vlt. you all dayes euen to the consūmation of the world By which words as S. Hierome wel noteth he sheweth that they are to liue alwayes and that he is neuer departed from the faithfull belieuers 6. Lastly our Aduersaries themselues being cōuiuced with the truth of this matter do acknowledge that the holy Calu. lib. 4. Instit c. 1. sect 17. in fine Scriptures do testify this in many places For Caluin and Beza to omit many others do acknowledge and proue this out of the Scriptures Seeing that sayth Beza the Kingdome of Iesus Christ is continuall it Beza c. 5. Confess art 1. necessarily followeth that there haue alwaies byn some to be found who did acknowledge him for their King CHAP. IIII. That this Church which hath alwaies continued hath alwaies byn visible THE third errour of our Aduersaries is that they deny the Church of Christ to haue byn alwayes visible For seing that they cannot deny but that the Church of Christ hath alwayes continued as we haue declared in in the precedent Chapter and whē we demaund of them where their Church was for the space of a thousand yeares and more they fly vnto a certaine inuisible Church which they say lay hidden for many yeares But this errour also is easily refuted by the for said properties and offices of the true Church 2. For first the Church is the body of Christ but this body of Christ was visible 1. Cor. 1● vers 27. for the Apostle spake vnto visible men when he sayd you are the body of Christ Moreouer we are made the body of Christ by baptisme and the receiuing of the Eucharist 1. Cor. 10. v. 17. 1. Cor. 12. v. 13. Ephes 4. v. 11. 12. as witnesseth the Apostle But these Sacraments are visible Also in this body of Christ there are Doctors and Pastors vntill the consūmatiō of Saynts vntil we meet with Christ but such persons are also visible The building also of the Church is visible this consūmation of Saynts is visible that worke of ministery is visible which the Apostle sayth shall continue vntill the comming of Christ 2. Secondly the Church is the Kingdome of Christ but euery Kingdome cōprehendeth in it a visible company of mē who all acknowledge one

euery man is Christ and the head of Christ is God as the Apostle testifieth And so the woman hath three heades her Husband Christ and God but each one of them is subiect vnto another So S. Peter or the Pope of Rome is the head of the Church but vnder Christ and subiect vnto him Because Christ is the head Ephes 1. v. 22. of S. Peter and of the Byshop of Rome Moreou●r Christ is the head of the whole Church ●swell present as to come aswell of the old Testament as of othe new But S. Peter or his successor is only head of the Church in this world and of the new Testament only Hereupon sayd Matt. 16. v. 18. Christ vpon this rocke I will build my Church that is to say the Church of the new Testament which was then to be built 2. Yea euen by the nature of a head we way gather very well that besides Christ who is the head of all Churches aswell visible as inuisible as the Apostle saith there is also another visible head of Ephes 1. v. 22. the visible Church for otherwise it were a monster because it should be a visible body without a visible head Yt is necessary therfore that besides an inuisible head which is Christ there be also a visible heade in the visible Church to wit S. Peters successor 3. Furthermore the actions which Christ exerciseth in his Church are of two kindes some are inuisible as our vocation iustification sanctification c. and these Christ exerciseth and doth by himselfe Some other actions are visible as to preach administer Sacraments and to gouerne visibly the Church c. These Christ doth not exercise by himself alone but also by visible men which represent his person Wherfore euen as Christ should not be sayd truly to baptize any vnlesse there were s●me visible man who in the person of Christ should visibly baptize neyther can he be sayd truly to gouerne visibly euery particuler Church vnlesse in each of them some particuler persō do visibly gouerne in Christs steed so also neyther should Christ be sayd truly to gouerne visibly the whole Church vnlesse there were some one who in his person migh visibly gouerne the whole Church But this person can be no other but the Byshop of Rome 4. And that which hath byn said 1. Cor. 3. v. ●1 before of the h●ad is also to be vnderstood of the rocke and foundation For Christ is indeed the chiefest foundation of all true belieuers but the secondary Ephes 2. ● 20. and subordinate foundation vnto Christ is also the doctrine of the Apostles and Prophets as the Apostle expressely saith to the Ephesians and Caluin also acknowledgeth it to be most true But if the doctrine Calu. ibid. l. 1. Inst cap. 7. sect 2. of all the Apostles be also the foundation of the Church why should not also S. Peters doctrine be the same For when we say that S. Peter is the foundation of the Church by S. Peter we doe vnderstand not his person only but also his doctrine preached in the Church of Rome 5. Moreouer seing that S. Iohn in his Apocalyps sayth that the Citty of God hath Apocal. 21. v. 14 twelue foundations and in them twelue names of the twelue Apostles of the lambe VVhat meruaile is it if S. Peter the first of the Apostles be called a rocke or foundation of the Citty of God 6. And heere it is to be considered that when the Apostle sayth that there is no other foundation besides Christ this word besides hath the same signification 1. Cor. v. 11. that contrary or against hath as appeareth by many other places of holy Scripture For otherwise all the Apostles are called the foundations of the Church as we haue sayd before but they are not contrary or against Christ but vnder Supra cap. 35. §. 2. Cotr. 1. Christ and subiect vnto him 7. Finally if we examine more exactely the true sense of those wordes of S. Paul to the Corinthians it will appeare manifestly 1. Contr. 3. v. 11. that our Aduersaries wrest the said wordes of the Apostle to a contrary sense and meaning For the Apostle doth not speake of the foundatiō of the whole building of the Church of Christ wherof ● Cor. 3. v. 11. only is our present Cōtrouersy but of the foundatiō of particuler priuate actions of euery true belieuer For S. Paul manifestly writeth that he layd that foundotion wherof he speaketh that euery one buildeth his owne proper worke vpon this foundation But there is a great difference among these foundations because heere Christ himselfe is the who made ordayned S. Peter to be a foundation I say Matt. 16. v. 18. vnto thee saith Christ to S. Peter that thou art Cephas there S. Paul is he who ●oga●●er ●aid that foundation wherof he speaketh as a wise worke mayster sayth he haue I layd the 1 Cor. 3. v. ●0 foundation Heere Christ himselfe is ●e who buildeth Vpon this rocke saith our Lord I will buyld There euery priuate man is he who buyldeth but let euery one looke saith the Apostle how he buildeth theron heere Matt. 16. v. 18. the Church is that which is built theron I will build saith our Lord my Church There the worke of euery priuate man is that which is built theron If any mans worke abide saith the Apostle that which he built 1. Cor. 3. v. 14. therupon shall receaue reward S. Paul therfore speaketh of the foundatiō of good workes which belong vnto iustice and life euerlasting wherof as we haue said Christ is the ●● ●huius cap. only foundation We treat here of the founddation of the outward and visible gouernement of the Church and doctrine of sound faith Now S. Peter his successors were such a foundation Wherfore that which our Aduersaries alleadge out of S. Paul doth nothing concerne this our present disputation 8. The second argument S. Peter denyed Ioan. 18. v. 25. Christ thrice therfore be could not be the rocke against whome the gates of hell should neuer preuaile I answere that when S. Peter denyed Christ he was not as then the foundation of the Church For promise was made vnto him only Matth. 16. I will build c. I will giue thee c. speaking alwaies in the future tense but afterward Ioan. 21. the authority was Ioan. 21. v. 15. actually giuen which was before promised vnto him and that after that denyall of S. Peter as also after the resurrection of Christ feede my lambes saith Christ feede my sheepe 9. The third argument After that the forsayd authority was giuen Ioan. 21. S. Peter was reprehended by S. Paul Gal. 2. I answere that as witnesseth Tertullian the Tertull. l. 5. centra Ma●ci c. 3. Tertull. de praesc aduersus Haeret. c. 23. infine Marcionists obiected this very same place against Catholikes vnto whome Tertullian answereth in

Amos and Micheas moreouer in the time of Ieremy there liued ●he good King Iosias and the good prophets Ezechiel Daniel and Sophonias Therfore those things which Isay and Hiere●y do say cannot be vnderstood of all v●iuersally 5. The other places which our Aduersaries S. Aug. Tom. 2. Epist 48. ad V incentium alleadge do proue that there a●● at sometymes but a few in the Church ● but they do not proue that the say● Church was inuisible Yea as S. Aug●stine disputing against the Donatists we● obserueth when the Church of God ● most vexed with the persecutions of th● wicked and seemeth to be almost oppre● see therewith then is she most diuine i● such her members as are renewed for co●rage and constancy for fayth and obedience Mat. 1. v. ●8 towards God was more eminent i● one Noë or Abraham then in ten thousand others 6. Lastly this our disputatiō is not properly of the auncient Church which w● Eusebius in Cron. Orosi●● in hist Gen●b in sua Cono. Sand. de visib Monar ch l. 7. in prin Coc●iu● Tom. 1. lib 8. Art 2. before Christs time but of that whi● ensued the promulgation of the Gospe● till this our present age whereof Chri● sayth Vpon this rocke I will build my Church ● the gates of hell shall not preuaile against it F● albeit the Church hath beene alwayes v●sible euen frō the beginning of the wor● till the cōming of Christ as Paulus Orosi● Eus●bius haue out of the holy Scriptur● in euery age declared in this our age al● Genebrard Sanders and Coccius haue brief● demonstrated the same Yet notwithstanding before the comming of Christ t● whole Church of God was in a manner Psal 75. v. 2. Psal 147. v. vlt. concluded into greater straits of persons and places according to those words of the Prophe● Dauid God was knowne in Iury againe He hath not done thus to euery Nation and he hath not manifested or made knowne his iudgment vnto them But amongst the Gentils there were but few who acknowledged and rightly worshipped God Wherefore the true Church was often reduced vnto a few persons in number but S. Aug. Tom. 2. Epist 84. ad V incent notwithstāding euer visible those very eminent in sanctity and holynesse as is declared by S Augustins words already alledged But the state and condition of the Church of Christ is farre differēt after the Genes 22. v. 18. promulgatiō of the Ghospel frō that other for now that blessed seed of Abrahā is come wherin all the Natiōs of the earth were to be Blessed now those prophesies of Christs inheritance and Kingdomes are fullfilled Psal 2. v. 8. Aske of me I wil giue thee all Nations for thy inheritaunce and the bounds of the whole earth for thy Psal 71. v. 8. ●●ssession Also He shall gouerne and raigne from sea to sea and from the ●yuer to the end of the whole world And againe All the Kings of the earth ●●all adore him and all Nations shall serue him Moreouer Our Lord hath prepared his holy arme Ibid. v. 1● Isa 52. v. 10. ●● the eyes of all Nations and all the limits of the ●rth shall see the saluation of our Lord and God When S. Augustine had alledged this place among others against the Donatists admiring their great madnesse and ignorance who affirme the Church to be eyther inuisible or to lye lurking in some od place only brake forth into these most true S. Aug. To● 7. de vnit Eccles c. 7. words worthy of so great a Doctor VVho is sayth he so deafe who is so mad and who so foolish to contradict these so cleare euident testimonies but he which knoweth not what he speaketh And truly that the Church of God was farre more knowen and spread ouer the whole world after the promulgation of the Ghospell euen in the Apostles tyme then it euer was in the tyme of the law those words of the Apostle do sufficiently declare But Rom. 10. v. 18. I say haue they not heard And ●●●tes into all earth hath the sound of them gone forth and vnto the Rom 1. v. ●8 ends of the whole world the wordes of them And againe speaking vnto the Romā Church he sayth I giue thankes to my God through Iesus Christ for all of you because your sayth is renewed in the whole world 7. Moreouer from the Apostle● tyme till this our present age the Church of Christ hath bin not only visible but also spread abroad knowne and most famous throughout diuers Kingdomes of the world as many historiographers aswell Ecclesiasticall as prophane doe testify and the worthy Cardinall C●sar Bar●●ius hath euidently declared and that not only throughout all ages but also euery S. Aug. Tom. 7. de vnit Ecc. cap. 7. yeare in so much that those who do not consent and agree heereunto are not only to be accounted Infidels but as S. Augustine speaketh very fitly and truely men out of their wittes CHAP. VI. Diuers other Arguments of our Aduersaries against the visible Church are confuted THE third argument of our Aduersaries wherby they impugne the visible Church is this The Holy Scripture compareth the Church to the Moone but the Moone doth often tymes not appeare as it hapneth in the new moone and in the Eclips I answere that we must not seeke for a similitude or likenesse in all thinges betwixt the Church and the moone for otherwise the Church of Christ should neyther see not vnderstand nor belieue and it should be altogeather without life as the Moone is But in this matter that similitude or liknesse betwixt the Church and the moone is only to be sought out in which the Scripture compareth the Church to the moone but the Scripture doth not compare the Church to the Moone as she is a mutable planet but as she is beautifull in her selfe Beautifull saith Cant. 6. v. 9. Salomon is the moone but in mutuability the Scriptur compareth a foole to the moone but not the Church A foole saith the Eccl. 27. v. 12. Wiseman is changed as the moone Moreouer the Church of Christ is not compared to euery moone but only to the moone Isa 60. v. 26. when she is in her fulnesse perfection yea to the moone which is neuer diminished nor fayleth hēce are those wordes of the Prophet Isay which Caluin acknowledgeth Cal. in illa verba are to be vnderstood of the Church Thy sunne shall neuermore be set and thy moone shall not be diminished or as Caluin translateth it shall not be hidden Lastly S. Iohn saith that the moone is vnder the feete of the Church that therby we may vnderstād that the Church of Christ by the vertue of the sunne to wit Christ himselfe where withall she is wholy inuested and Apo. 12. v. 1. adorned is free from all mutability in matters of faith 2. The fourth argument These thinges which we

with the word of God in generall the which they should not doe for ther are three sorts of the word of God to wit that which is belieued preached and written The belieued word is in the hart of the Church that which is preached is in her mouth and that which is written is in her bookes Of the belieued and preached Word the Apostle sayth the word is in thy mouth and in thy hart this is the word of fayth which we preach We Rom. 20. v. 8. confesse that in the belieued and preached word the Church is founded because by the same it is ingendred nourished Rom. 10. v. 10. Ibid v. 14. and gouerned and that vnto this word it is subiect and obedient as vnto the Words of her spouse For indeed this kind of word is necessary for the Church For with our hart sayth the Apostle we belieue vnto Iustice but with the mouth confession is made to saluation And againe How shall they heare without a preacher 2. But the nature of the written word is farre different for this is neyther altogeather necessary for the Church seeing that the Church was without it more then two thousand yeares neyther can the written word be profitable to the Church vnlesse it be also rightly preached and belieued For what doth it profit a man to haue the Bible vnlesse he rightly belieue and vnderstand it 3. But the Scripture whereof we now dispute doth only conteyne the written word but the belieued and preached word is conteined in the visible Church as the necessary and essentiall parts therof seing the one is as it were the life in the hart of the Church the other as it were the speach in her mouth neither can they euer be separated from her according to that saying and promise of God The words which I haue put in thy mouth shall not Isa 59. v. vlt. depart from thy mouth nor from the mouth of thy seede nor from the mouth of thy seedes seede from henceforth for euermore 4. Wherefore this argument doth proue the quite cōtrary for seeing that the written word receiueth it profit and authority from the rightly belieued and preached word which are the partes of the Church it is necessary that the written word receiue that authority and vtility from the Church as that wherin only the word rightly preached and belieued is to be found 5. The second argument If the Church should teach any thing contrary to the Scriptures we were not to belieue the Church Therefore the Scripture doth not receiue that authority from the Church but rather the Church from the Scripture I answere that in the same māner it may be said that if the Scripture should conteine any thing against truth we should not also belieue it if the holy Ghost should vtter and speake any lye we should not belieue him But th●se conditions are indeed impossible and blasphemous against God wherefore they are not only to be admitted but not euen to be proposed of Christians For it is impossible that the Church should teach any thing contrary to the Scriptures for then the holy Ghost should lye because he should teach one thing by the Church and the contrary by the Scriptures 6. The third argument if the Scripture receiue that authority from the Church then the Church should be aboue the Scripture which seemeth to be very absurd I answere That the Church is aboue the Scriptures may be vnderstood two wayes First because the Church exceedeth the Scripture in dignity and excellency and in this sense without all doubt the Church is about the Scripture for the Scripture is made for the Church and not contrary wise All things sayth the Apostles 1. Cor. 4. v. 51. are done for you Christ dyed for the Church and not for the Scriptures the Church belieueth hopeth loueth and prayseth God but the Scripture doth none of these The Church shall reigne and liue euerlastingly with Christ in heauen the Scripture shall perish after the day of Iudgement Lastly the Church conteineth in it the word of God rightly belieued preached and the Holy Ghost it selfe all which do farre exceede the written word in excellency and dignity 7. Secondly it may be vnderstood that the Church is aboue the Scripture so as she may change the Scripture or of Scripture make no Scripture or lastly she may teach some what contrary to Scripture or depart from the true sense of Scripture In which sense the Sectaries of this tyme say that we affirme the Church to be aboue the Scripture And thus it is false that the Church is aboue the Scripture but neyther is there any Catholike which in this sense will affirme that the Bellar. l. 3. de verbo Dei c. vlt. in resp ad 14. argum Church is aboue the Scripture as Bellarmine truly affirmeth For if the Church were in this sense aboue the Scripture the Church should erre and be opposite vnto her ●elfe because in that the Church hath once approued the Scripture she cannot any more reiect and disproue it vnlesse she contradict her selfe which is impossible 8. The fourth argument The holy Scripture receiueth her authority immediatly from God himselfe because he is the Author of the Scripture therefore it doth not receiue it authority from the Church I answere there be two kinds of certaynties the one of the thing in it owne Nature the other in respect of vs so also there are two kinds of authorityes the one of the thing considered in it selfe and this hath the Scripture from her principall Author to wit God himselfe the other is in respect of vs and this it hath from the Church as we haue Cap 13. praeced §. 17. 19. proued before out of Caluin and Beza For we know not otherwise that God is the Author of the Scripture with any certainty of fayth but by the testimony of the Church 9. And that which we haue sayd of the Scripture may also be euidently seene in Christ our Lord who is aboue the Scripture For Christ was forced to proue his authority by miracles that it might the better be knowen and allowed of men For otherwise the Iewes had not beene bound to haue admitted his authority Ioan. 15. v. 14. S. Aug. Tom. 9. Tract 91. in Ioan. Hereupon saith Christ speaking vnto his disciples of the Iewes If I had not done among them workes that no other man hath done they should not haue sinned that is to say of Infidelity not belieuing in Christ a● S. Augustine very well expoundeth And in another place speaking vnto the Iewes Ioan. 10. v. 17. he sayth If I doe not the workes of my Father belieue me not 10. But if the authority of Christ which was most exellent in it selfe and immediatly from God stood in need of those meanes wherby it might become knowne vnto vs to the end it might oblige vs to belieue it much more the authority of the Scripture will stand in need