Selected quad for the lemma: life_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
life_n	ambassador_n	send_v	yield_a	18	3	15.9798	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A11367	Here begynneth the famous cronycle of the warre, which the romayns had agaynst Iugurth vsurper of the kyngdome of Numidy: whiche cronycle is compyled in latyn by the renowmed romayn Salust. And translated into englysshe by syr Alexander Barclay preest, at co[m]maundement of the right hye and mighty prince: Thomas duke of Northfolke; Bellum Jugurthinum. English and Latin	Sallust, 86-34 B.C.; Barclay, Alexander, 1475?-1552.	1525 (1525)	STC 21627; ESTC S111868	201,461	356

were more to be douted or more greuous in peace or ī ware or whyle he was absent or present ¶ Nat farre from that way whiche Metellus helde with his army was a towne of the Numidyans moche acustomed and frequented of marchantes of Italy and other strange countreis and the princypall market towne of all the kyngdome of Numidy This towne was named Vacca Metellus drewe hym and his army thyder and set garnyson into the same towne This dyd he to proue the myndes of the inhabytantes for if they had kept forth the garnyson thanne shulde they euydently haue declared themselfe ennemies of the romayns And also he ledde a garnyson thyder to thintent to haue taken the towne by force of armes yf the inhabytauntes wolde nat haue admytted the same garnyson Also he commaunded vytayls and all other thynges necessary or expedyent to warre for to be brought thyder thinkynge as the case required that the concours of marchantes resortyng thyder And his good prouision of vytayls shulde be great defence and conseruacyon for hym and his army bothe in warre and in peace But whan the citezins sawe such purueyance as he made of vitels considring that he shulde nat hurt nor disprouyde them whyle he had vytell ynough of his owne prouysion anon they opened the gates and suffred hym to entre withall his garnyson and retynue But in the mean tyme Iugurth agayne sende his embassadours to Metellus more diligently and instaūtly than he had done before mekely besechyng and requyring hym of peace And yeldyng vnto hym euery thynge onely reserued his owne lyfe and the lyfe of his chyldren Metellus sende these embassadours home agayne attysed to the prodycion of their maister Iugurth as he had done to the other embassadours which were sent before But concernyng the peace which they desyred in their maisters name nouther he graūted nor vtterly denyed it And in this prolongynge of tyme he loked alway after parfourmynge of the promesse of the other embassadours whiche before had graunted to the betrayeng of Iugurth But whan Iugurth consydred and pondered togyder the wordes dedes of Metellus and whan he parceyued in mynde himselfe assayled with his owne craftes of subtylte and that Metellus vsed suche craftes agaynst hym as he hymselfe had vsed agaynst other than was his mynd greued most of all For Metellus fayned peace but in very dede he shewed sharpe warre Iugurth thus cōsydred also that his greattest towne named Vacca was alienate lost from hym his ennemies by longe continuaunce and exercise knewe the coostes of his countrey of Numidy The myndes of his lordes and cōmens were prouoked and moued agaynst hym Whan he aduysed these difficulties with other mo cōtrary to hym he cōcluded fully determined at last to resyst and withstane Metellus in batayle with strength force of armes and no farther to meke nor submitte hymselfe by peticion ¶ Howe Iugurth prepared and addressed hymselfe agayne to warre and what ordynaunce and policy he vsed agaynst the newe consull Metellus ¶ The .xxx. chapyter WHerfore Iugurth thus determyninge to assayle Metellus cause his wayes to be espyed hauyng hope of victorie by auauncement auauntage of some place where he intended of the place and countrey and anone prepared the greattest army that he coude of all sortes of people This done he dyd so moche that by hylles narowe passages by pathes he preuented an ouerpassed the hoost of Metellus ¶ In that parte of Numidy whiche before in deuysion of the kyngdome was assigned in possessyon to Adherball was a flodde named Muthull rennyng from the meridyonall part of the countrey A certayne hyll hy and longe was nere to this water so that at any place the hyll was about .xx. myle from the streme and of equall dystance in length The grounde of this hyll was of suche nature that euer it was barayne wherfore it was nat apte to mennes habitacion but desert About the myddes and pendant of it was an other hyll smaller of quantite but of an vnmesurable heght couered and all ouergrowen with wylde olyue trees with myr trees other sortes of trees wont to growe naturally on dry sandy groūde The playne bytwene the hylles and the water was desert and vnhabitable for lacke of water saue such places of the playne as were nere to the flodd of Muthull which part was growen with small trees and occupyed with men beestes Iugurth came to the sayd small hyll whiche descended from the pendāt of the hyll greatter ouerthwart the valey And ther toke place with his army nat togyder but dispersed abrode amonge the trees by companyes and bendes he made his frende Bomilchar capitayne and gouernour of his oliphantes and of part of his army of fotemen and infourmed hym parfitely howe he shulde behaue hymselfe and gouerne them whome he had commytted to hym bothe before the batayle and also in the batayle whan it came to the poynt But he hymselfe drewe nerer to the great hyll withall the horsmen and many of the fotemen whiche were elect and chosen men and sette them in ordre and array with moche policy and wysedome This done he hymselfe went about compassed euery company cohort and bende syngulerly and one by one warnynge and requyringe them to call to theyr myndes theyr olde strengthꝭ nobles and victorie and there by to defende themselfe and their countrey of Numidy from the immoderate couetyse of the romayns whiche were nat content nor tatisfied with the possession of the most part of the worlde saynge fathermore that they shulde fyght but with suche as they before had auercome and subdued And howe beit they had chaunged theyr capytayne the cowardise of their hertes was nat chaunged Also he rehersed declared to thē that he had made all prouision for them whiche a captayne mygh or ought to make for his army He declared howe he had taken for them the vpper place that they were crafty in batayle and many in nombre shulde fyght with a fewe vncrafty cowardes Wherfore he desyred exhorted them whan tyme shulde come that than they wolde be redy to assayle the Romayns manly at sounde of the trumpettes for that one same day sayd he shulde outher establisshe all theyr laboures victories and besynesses or els it ▪ shulde be the heed and begynnyng of their most great myschyefe and dystruccion Moreouer through out all his army he put them in remēbrance man by man of the benefites which he had done to them before for their manly dedes of chyualry as suche as for their worthynes he had rewarded with dignite money offices or other worshyp and shewed suche vnto other cōmen soudyours sayeng that if they wolde so demeane themselfe manly so sholde they be promoted and auanced to worshyp and ryches And thus he conforted them all euery man after his maners and cōdicions some with gyftes some with promesses some with thretnynges and other lyke ways acordynge to the disposicion of their myndes and nature

for other suche delycious thyngꝭ They solde away the where and other vitayles which was delyuered of theyr capytayns among them in cōmen dayly they bought theyr bread And finally what euer shame or rebuke longyng to couetyse or lechery coude outher be sayd done or ymagined of any man all was vsed in that hoost And among some more shamefull dedes than ought to be named But Metellus hehaued hym selfe as a myghty wyse man nat lesse this difficultie hardnesse than if it had ben in a batayle foughtē agaynst his ennēmies as he which in myddes of so great couetyse voluptuesite cruelty was syngulerly indued with tēperaunce merueylous good maner vsed he in coartynge the same fautes Wherfore at the first begynnynge he withdrewe auoyded from the army at his commaundemēt ordinaunce the occasyons which styred the soudyours to suche slouth cowardyse and voluptuosite For he commaunded vnder great payne that no person shulde be so hardy to sell among the soudyours nouther bread nor other vitayle all reddy dressed saue the cōmen ꝓuisyon that the pages waterlaggers scolyons shuld nat cōe nere the army nor folowe the same That none of the cōmen simple sodyours shulde kepe or mentayne seruaunt nor beest in theyr tentes nor vyage whyle they moued fro place to place These inconuenyences first of all he redressed refourmed After these amended all other fautes he mesured by his wysdome craft and policy refourmynge them by lytell lytell This done to haue his soudyours occupyed he moued dayly from place to place and that nat in wayes cōmen vsed but by harde and vnoccupyed wayes He caused them dayly to cast dychesse trenches about the army to the intent that they shuld nat waxe slouthfull nor vicious by ouermoch rest ydlenesse He ordayned often watche among them euery nyght and he hymselfe acompanyed with his vnder captayns and heed officers often serched yf the watches were truely kept cōpassyng about the army on euery syde Whyle they remoued chaunged places somtyme he was in the forwarde and amonge the first somtyme in the rerewarde or hynder part and anone in the myddes ouerseynge theyr order to the intent that none shulde passe out of order aray and place to them assigned But kepe thicke togyder euery man cōpany about theyr owne standerdꝭ and also he ordayned that among themselfe they shulde conuey cary theyr owne vitayles and armoure And thus in short tyme he confermed and sette the army in good order rather with fayre wordes or rebukyng blamyng theyr fautes prohybityng their dysorder than in chastisyng or punysshyng their offēces with rygour or crueltie ¶ Of the behauour of Iugurth agaynst Metellus and howe he sende embassadours to Metellus requyring vnfaynedly to yelde vp the kyngdome of Numidy to the empyre of Rome And howe Metellus behaued hymselfe agaynst the same embassadours ¶ The .xxix. chapyter IN the meane seasō whan Iugurthe vnderstode by messangers espyes of this behauour of Metellus and also whā he remembred that which was infourmed to hym at Rome of the integryte and vndefyled name of Metellus whiche wolde nat be corrupte with money nor accloyed with brybes lyke other before he began to mystruste his matters and to haue lasse confydence in his cause thanne euer he had before In somoche that than he began to laboure to yelde hymselfe vnfaynedly and to make a trewe composytion with Metellus and the Romayns without any fyction gyle or disceyt Wherfore he sende embassadours with supplicacions peticions requyring humbly of Metellus to graunt to hym his owne lyfe and the lyfe of his chyldren onely and concernyng all other thyngꝭ he wolde yelde them into handes of the romayns But Metellus knewe well ynough long before this tyme by often experience profe that the Numidians of naturall disposicion were vnfaythfull mouable and vnstable of myndes newfangled and moche desyrous of newe besynesse newelties Wherfore he began with the embassadours of Iugurth tastyng and prouyng the mynde of eche of them by lytell and lytell and separatly one by one And whan he knewe that they somwhat inclined to his purpose he than promysed to them great gyftes promocion so that they wold do some pleasure for hym for the senatours people of Rome Than at last he counsayled and desyred them to delyuer Iugurth to hym alyue specially if it myght be brought about and yf they coude nat so than to delyuer hym outher quicke or deed But whan he had made this apoyntement secretly with thembassadours deuyded in sonder one by one than openly that euery man myght here he shewed to them all togyder other thynges as his pleasure was that they shuld certyfie their kynge Iugurth concernynge their embassade After this within fewe dayes whan he sawe his hoost moost redy and contrary to Iugurth he remoued his tentes and so addressed hym with his army redy in aray and went forward into Numidy where contrary to any similitude of warre the vyllages and cotages were full of men the feldes full of beestꝭ and tylmen and euery where was moche plenty of people yonge and olde namely rude people tyllers of the grounde whiche had styll fled before the army in foretyme for feare but at the last whan they sawe no defence nor socoure the kynges lewtenantes and all other left their townes villages and lodges and went forthe to mete Metellus withall humilite honour and seruice submittyng themselfe to hym and redy to gyue to hym whete and other corne suche as they had And to cary vitayles after his hoost to ease the soudyours and to do and parfourme all other thynges what euer they were commaunded But for all this Metellus was nat lesse diligent nor circumspect in orderyng of his hoost but proceded forwarde togyder with his army ī aray redy in armoure and defended as if theyr ennemies had ben nere at hande serchynge the countrey abrode on euery syde by his espyes doutynge treason and thynkyng that all these tokens of subiection were but for a face or cloke to couer the treason gyle of Iugurth And so by suche dyscet to wayt a tyme to execute his treason Wherfore Metellus thus mysdemynge kept hymselfe in the forwarde of the hoost with an elect and chosen company of archers slyngers and other lyke soudyours apoynted in lyght harnes His vnder captayne Caius Marius had rule and charge of the rerewarde amonge the horsmen and on bothe the wynges of his hoost he ordayned horsmen other soudyours for supplement subsidy and socouts of the forwarde yf nede shulde requyre and amonge them to expell their ennemies on what syde so euer they shulde come were mengled bowmen and other lyght harnysed fotemen with dartes pykes and iauelyns to trouble the horsmen of theyr ennemies For in Iugurth was so moche gyle so great experience and knowledge of the countrey and also so great practyse of chyualrie that a man coude nat well knowe whether he