observation_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 22_o car._n ii_o cap._n 1._o entitle_v a_o act_n to_o prevent_v and_o suppress_v seditious_a conventicle_n by_o sir_n edmund_n saunders_n kt._n late_a lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n london_n print_v for_o tho._n dring_n at_o the_o corner_n of_o chancery-lane_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1685._o to_o the_o reader_n to_o recommend_v this_o small_a treatise_n to_o thy_o perusal_n there_o need_v no_o more_o than_o the_o title_n with_o the_o author_n name_n who_o loyalty_n integrity_n and_o profound_a learning_n in_o all_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v so_o eminent_a and_o conspicuous_a both_o while_o he_o be_v at_o the_o bar_n and_o after_o his_o deserve_a advancement_n to_o the_o bench_n that_o it_o will_v be_v impertinent_a to_o tell_v thou_o what_o a_o reverence_n be_v always_o pay_v to_o his_o opinion_n his_o memory_n be_v so_o fresh_a that_o i_o can_v suppose_v thou_o ignorant_a of_o the_o same_o or_o void_a of_o a_o profound_a respect_n to_o his_o very_a name_n for_o the_o continuance_n of_o which_o this_o manual_n be_v publish_v as_o also_o for_o the_o public_a good_a of_o the_o realm_n which_o be_v his_o end_n in_o its_o composition_n the_o immediate_a occasion_n of_o write_v these_o observation_n be_v to_o gratify_v the_o request_n of_o divers_a of_o his_o majesty_n justice_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o the_o county_n of_o middlesex_n who_o desire_v his_o opinion_n in_o sundry_a point_n upon_o this_o statute_n for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o themselves_o in_o the_o execution_n hereof_o with_o safety_n from_o the_o malicious_a suit_n of_o the_o dissent_v party_n who_o be_v and_o always_o be_v ready_a to_o take_v advantage_n of_o the_o least_o slip_n or_o mistake_v of_o any_o of_o the_o king_n officer_n of_o the_o peace_n the_o lord_n saunders_n be_v sensible_a thereof_o as_o likewise_o of_o the_o great_a use_n of_o this_o law_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o its_o prosecution_n in_o order_n to_o preserve_v the_o public_a peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v write_v this_o explanation_n of_o it_o even_o while_o he_o be_v lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n it_o be_v all_o of_o his_o own_o handwriting_n so_o far_o as_o page_n 79._o where_n you_o will_v see_v the_o additionals_n print_v with_o this_o mark_n before_o they_o '_o the_o great_a multiplicity_n of_o business_n in_o his_o place_n and_o the_o unhappy_a indisposition_n of_o his_o body_n do_v prevent_v the_o completion_n thereof_o he_o often_o wish_v for_o but_o a_o few_o hour_n time_n to_o perfect_v it_o for_o the_o residue_n as_o it_o have_v not_o the_o same_o author_n so_o neither_o do_v it_o expect_v the_o same_o authority_n it_o be_v add_v as_o a_o essay_n to_o supply_v what_o be_v leave_v undo_v and_o yet_o the_o supplement_n may_v be_v not_o without_o its_o use_n be_v make_v as_o near_o as_o possible_a to_o the_o lord_n saunders_n sense_n in_o other_o paragraph_n and_o according_a to_o his_o method_n and_o rule_n be_v the_o construction_n make_v even_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o may_v most_o advance_v the_o remedy_n and_o suppress_v the_o mischief_n intend_v by_o this_o law_n and_o be_v most_o ground_v upon_o approve_a opinion_n and_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n on_o this_o law_n and_o other_o law_n of_o this_o nature_n for_o the_o subject_a it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o this_o act_n never_o receive_v any_o public_a animadversion_n and_o yet_o do_v perhaps_o need_v a_o explanation_n as_o much_o as_o those_o against_o recusancy_n on_o which_o there_o have_v be_v observation_n make_v and_o print_v and_o not_o without_o approbation_n for_o the_o seasonableness_n of_o this_o publication_n there_o need_v no_o other_o apology_n than_o what_o the_o age_n we_o live_v and_o the_o book_n itself_o do_v bespeak_v and_o if_o it_o may_v prove_v any_o way_n serviceable_a to_o the_o public_a by_o be_v helpful_a to_o the_o justice_n and_o other_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n the_o reverend_a author_n design_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o publisher_n will_v both_o be_v accomplish_v some_o book_n print_v for_o thomas_n dring_n over_o against_o the_o inner-temple_n gate_n in_o fleetstreet_n law_n in_o folio_n the_o statute_n at_o large_a from_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la to_o this_o present_a year_n 1682._o in_o paragraph_n and_o section_n with_o reference_n to_o the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n and_o a_o exact_a table_n by_o joseph_n keble_n of_o grays-inn_n esq_n in_o folio_n keble_v assistance_n to_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o the_o easy_a performance_n of_o their_o duty_n collection_n entry_n etc._n etc._n by_o william_n rastall_a fol._n the_o lord_n coke_n book_n of_o entry_n his_o commentary_n on_o littleton_n be_v the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n his_o commentary_n on_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la etc._n etc._n or_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n his_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o three_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n his_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n or_o four_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n his_o 11_o report_n in_o french_a with_o a_o table_n and_o the_o twelve_o and_o thirteen_o in_o english_a a_o abridgement_n of_o case_n and_o resolution_n of_o law_n contain_v as_o well_o in_o the_o law-book_n statute_n and_o record_n as_o of_o modern_a judgement_n in_o the_o court_n of_o westminster_n by_o h._n roll_n sergeant_n at_o law_n publish_v by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hales_n the_o year_n book_n in_o 10_o volume_n the_o last_o edition_n with_o new_a note_n and_o table_n to_o they_o all_o origines_fw-la juridiciales_fw-la or_o a_o account_n of_o the_o english_a law_n court_n of_o justice_n form_n of_o trial_n punishment_n in_o case_n criminal_a law-writer_n law-book_n grant_n and_o settlement_n of_o estate_n etc._n etc._n also_o a_o chronology_n of_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n keeper_n treasurer_n justice_n itinerant_a judge_n baron_n master_n of_o the_o roll_n king_n attorney_n and_o solicitor_n and_o sergeant_n at_o law_n by_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n knight_n table_n to_o most_o of_o the_o print_a prosident_n of_o plead_n writ_n and_o return_v of_o writ_n at_o the_o common-law_n collect_v by_o george_n townsend_n anno_fw-la xxii_o caroli_n ii_o regis_n a_o act_n to_o prevent_v and_o suppress_v seditious_a conventicle_n for_o provide_v far_o and_o moré_fw-it speedy_a remedy_n against_o the_o grow_a and_o dangerous_a practice_n of_o seditious_a sectary_n and_o other_o disloyal_a person_n who_o under_o pretence_n of_o tender_a conscience_n have_v or_o may_v at_o their_o meeting_n contrive_v insurrection_n as_o late_a experience_n have_v show_v be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n by_o and_o with_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v and_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o that_o if_o any_o person_n of_o the_o age_n of_o sixteen_o year_n or_o upward_o be_v a_o subject_a of_o this_o realm_n at_o any_o time_n after_o the_o ten_o day_n of_o may_n next_o shall_v be_v present_a at_o any_o assembly_n conventicle_n or_o meeting_n under_o colour_n or_o pretence_n of_o any_o exercise_n of_o religion_n in_o other_o manner_n than_o according_a to_o the_o church_n of_o england_n in_o any_o place_n within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n dominion_n of_o wales_n or_o town_n of_o berwick_n upon_o tweed_n at_o which_o conventicle_n meet_v or_o assembly_n there_o shall_v be_v five_o person_n or_o more_o assemble_v together_o over_z and_o beside_o those_o of_o the_o same_o household_n if_o it_o be_v in_o a_o house_n where_o there_o be_v a_o family_n inhabit_v or_o if_o it_o be_v in_o a_o house_n field_n or_o place_v where_o there_o be_v no_o family_n inhabit_v then_o where_o any_o five_o person_n or_o more_o be_v so_o assemble_v as_o aforesaid_a it_o shall_v and_o may_v be_v lawful_a to_o and_o for_o any_o one_o or_o more_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o county_n limir_n division_n corporation_n or_o liberty_n wherein_o the_o offence_n aforesaid_a shall_v be_v commit_v or_o for_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n of_o the_o place_n where_o such_o offence_n aforesaid_a shall_v be_v commit_v and_o he_o and_o they_o be_v hereby_o require_v and_o enjoin_v upon_o proof_n to_o he_o or_o they_o respective_o make_v of_o such_o offence_n either_o by_o confession_n of_o the_o party_n or_o oath_n of_o two_o witness_n which_o oath_n the_o say_a justice_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o chief_a magistrate_n respective_o be_v hereby_o impower_v and_o require_v to_o administer_v or_o by_o nororious_a evidence_n and_o circumstance_n of_o the_o fact_n to_o make_v a_o record_n of_o every_o such_o offence_n under_o he_o or_o their_o hand_n and_o seal_n respective_o which_o record_v so_o make_v as_o aforesaid_a shall_v to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n be_v in_o law_n take_v and_o adjudge_v to_o be_v a_o full_a and_o
to_o be_v likewise_o where_o the_o offender_n be_v personal_o convent_v at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o conviction_n and_o object_n not_o his_o nonage_n to_o prevent_v his_o conviction_n but_o if_o one_o be_v convict_v as_o a_o offender_n when_o absent_a from_o which_o conviction_n no_o appeal_n be_v give_v by_o this_o act_n as_o where_o the_o penalty_n be_v only_o 5_o s._n or_o 10_o s._n there_o it_o may_v be_v the_o conviction_n will_v be_v utter_o void_a and_o the_o offender_n may_v maintain_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o the_o officer_n that_o levy_n the_o penalty_n of_o 5_o s._n or_o 10_o s._n upon_o his_o good_n for_o that_o he_o have_v no_o other_o remedy_n to_o help_v himself_o and_o therefore_o if_o the_o offender_n be_v present_a when_o convict_v it_o will_v be_v the_o safe_a way_n to_o mention_v it_o in_o the_o record_n 4._o be_v a_o subject_a of_o this_o realm_n etc._n etc._n the_o word_n be_v relate_v to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o offence_n to_o be_v commit_v and_o not_o to_o the_o time_n of_o pass_v the_o act_n for_o if_o a_o alien_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o act_n pass_v be_v afterward_o naturalize_v and_o afterward_o be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n he_o be_v within_o the_o word_n be_v a_o subject_a etc._n etc._n though_o he_o be_v not_o a_o subject_a of_o this_o realm_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o act_n pass_v it_o be_v next_o to_o be_v consider_v who_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v or_o rather_o not_o to_o be_v a_o subject_a of_o this_o realm_n within_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o act_n for_o all_o man_n within_o the_o realm_n be_v subject_n to_o the_o king_n either_o 1_o by_o birth_n as_o bear_v in_o england_n or_o any_o other_o of_o the_o king_n dominion_n 2._o by_o naturalisation_n as_o where_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o england_n give_v a_o alien_n the_o same_o privilege_n that_o a_o subject_a bear_v have_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o birth_n 3._o by_o denization_n by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n whereby_o a_o alien_n be_v make_v a_o free_a denizen_n to_o purchase_v land_n and_o to_o hold_v they_o to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n which_o a_o alien_n can_v do_v or_o 4._o by_o reside_v or_o be_v in_o england_n under_o the_o king_n protection_n as_o alien_n be_v which_o make_v they_o subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n so_o long_o as_o they_o remain_v in_o any_o part_n of_o his_o dominion_n but_o no_o long_o but_o the_o word_n subject_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o the_o act_n intend_v a_o distinction_n that_o some_o person_n inhabit_v within_o the_o realm_n shall_v not_o be_v comprehend_v within_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o by_o these_o word_n all_o natural_a subject_n bear_v in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n dominion_n all_o person_n that_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o england_n be_v naturalize_v subject_n and_o all_o person_n endenize_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n be_v comprehend_v within_o the_o law_n i_o mean_v be_v to_o undergo_v the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n for_o be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n but_o alien_n resident_a in_o england_n and_o those_o that_o be_v naturalize_v or_o endenize_v in_o scotland_n or_o ireland_n and_o not_o in_o england_n and_o so_o continue_v still_o as_o alien_n in_o england_n be_v not_o within_o this_o law_n nor_o shall_v they_o be_v punish_v by_o it_o now_o in_o this_o case_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o infancy_n under_o the_o age_n of_o 16_o year_n the_o proof_n rest_v upon_o the_o offender_n for_o every_o one_o in_o this_o case_n shall_v be_v presume_v to_o be_v a_o natural_a subject_n of_o this_o realm_n unless_o the_o contrary_n be_v make_v appear_v and_o the_o conviction_n will_v be_v of_o the_o same_o effect_n against_o a_o alien_n as_o it_o be_v above_o declare_v to_o be_v against_o a_o infant_n only_o this_o i_o conceive_v fit_a to_o add_v that_o if_o a_o infant_n under_o 16_o or_o a_o alien_n have_v be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n be_v summon_v to_o appear_v before_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o chief_a magistrate_n to_o show_v cause_n why_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v convict_v for_o such_o offence_n and_o refuse_v or_o neglect_v to_o appear_v and_o make_v his_o defence_n and_o thereupon_o he_o be_v convict_v i_o take_v such_o conviction_n to_o be_v bind_v and_o the_o infant_n or_o alien_n shall_v never_o avoid_v it_o and_o the_o rather_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o 13_o paragraph_n of_o this_o act._n 5._o shall_v be_v present_a at_o any_o assembly_n conventicle_n or_o meet_v etc._n etc._n yet_o every_o one_o that_o be_v present_a though_o a_o subject_a of_o the_o realm_n above_o the_o age_n of_o 16_o shall_v not_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o offender_n within_o this_o law_n for_o 1._o one_o that_o be_v a_o idiot_n or_o a_o lunatic_n unless_o it_o be_v during_o some_o lucid_a interval_n wherein_o he_o enjoy_v the_o use_n of_o his_o reason_n so_o far_o as_o to_o be_v suppose_v know_v of_o what_o he_o do_v though_o present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n yet_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v present_a under_o colour_n or_o pretence_n of_o exercise_n of_o religion_n 2._o one_o that_o be_v imprison_v and_o keep_v at_o a_o conventicle_n against_o his_o will._n for_o actus_fw-la non_fw-la facit_fw-la reum_fw-la nisi_fw-la mens_fw-la sit_fw-la rea_fw-la the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o he_o that_o be_v under_o a_o terror_n of_o bodily_a harm_n by_o reason_n of_o threat_n or_o menace_n of_o other_o which_o he_o can_v not_o otherwise_o avoid_v but_o by_o be_v present_a but_o if_o a_o servant_n by_o command_n of_o his_o master_n or_o a_o wife_n by_o command_n of_o her_o husband_n be_v present_a this_o will_v not_o excuse_v they_o because_o they_o may_v without_o the_o gild_n of_o disobedience_n have_v refuse_v to_o obey_v such_o command_n what_o if_o the_o husband_n enforce_v his_o wife_n co-habiting_a with_o he_o to_o be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n against_o her_o will_n whether_o be_v she_o to_o be_v convict_v or_o not_o in_o this_o particular_a case_n i_o conceive_v she_o be_v for_o by_o the_o 16_o paragraph_n of_o this_o act_n the_o penalty_n of_o 5_o s._n and_o 10_o s._n be_v to_o be_v levy_v upon_o the_o good_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o so_o the_o wife_n be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n be_v within_o the_o letter_n and_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o husband_n be_v within_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o act._n if_o one_o be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n to_o the_o end_n to_o detect_v and_o discover_v the_o conventicle_n and_o to_o give_v evidence_n against_o the_o offender_n in_o order_n to_o their_o conviction_n he_o be_v not_o a_o offender_n within_o this_o law_n but_o he_o that_o be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n out_o of_o curiosity_n to_o observe_v what_o they_o say_v or_o do_v he_o be_v a_o offender_n against_o this_o law_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v convict_v as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o 6._o under_o colour_n or_o pretence_n of_o any_o exercise_n of_o religion_n etc._n etc._n the_o preamble_n of_o this_o statute_n say_v that_o seditious_a sectary_n and_o other_o disloyal_a person_n under_o pretence_n of_o tender_a can_v science_n at_o their_o meeting_n contrive_v insurrection_n and_o those_o meeting_n be_v and_o be_v common_o under_o colour_n or_o pretence_n of_o exercise_n of_o religion_n now_o if_o there_o be_v a_o meeting_n of_o sectary_n of_o the_o number_n of_o 5_o or_o upward_o above_o the_o household_n or_o of_o five_o or_o upward_o where_o there_o be_v no_o household_n but_o before_o they_o proceed_v to_o any_o pretend_a exercise_n of_o religion_n they_o be_v disturb_v and_o suppress_v the_o question_n be_v whether_o these_o or_o any_o of_o they_o may_v be_v convict_v for_o be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n under_o colour_n or_o pretence_n of_o any_o exercise_n of_o religion_n see_v none_o be_v there_o exercise_v this_o be_v a_o question_n that_o may_v and_o i_o suppose_v do_v often_o happen_v and_o i_o take_v it_o somewhat_o clear_a that_o in_o such_o case_n they_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v convict_v for_o the_o chief_a end_n and_o design_n of_o that_o statute_n be_v to_o prevent_v sedition_n and_o insurrection_n and_o as_o a_o mean_n to_o obtain_v that_o end_n this_o law_n be_v make_v to_o suppress_v conventicy_n where_o as_o the_o statute_n take_v notice_n sedition_n and_o insurrection_n be_v contrive_v now_o if_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v convict_v though_o there_o be_v no_o actual_a exercise_n of_o religion_n than_o their_o plot_v sedition_n and_o contrive_v insurrection_n be_v the_o great_a evil_n shall_v escape_v correction_n whilst_o a_o pretend_a exercise_n of_o religion_n be_v the_o lesser_a evil_n as_o be_v but_o in_o order_n to_o the_o great_a evil_n of_o sedition_n
chattel_n of_o the_o husband_n of_o such_o feme-covert_a provide_v also_o that_o no_o peer_n of_o this_o realm_n shall_v be_v attach_v or_o imprison_v by_o virtue_n or_o force_n of_o this_o act_n any_o thing_n matter_n or_o clause_n therein_o to_o the_o contrary_a notwithstanding_o provide_v also_o that_o neither_o this_o act_n nor_o any_o thing_n therein_o contain_v shall_v extend_v to_o invalidate_v or_o avoid_v his_o majesty_n supremacy_n in_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n but_o that_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n may_v from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o at_o all_o time_n hereafter_o exercise_n and_o enjoy_v all_o power_n and_o authority_n in_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n as_o full_o and_o as_o ample_o as_o himself_o or_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n have_v or_o may_v have_v do_v the_o same_o any_o thing_n in_o this_o act_n notwithstanding_o some_o observation_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 22_o car._n secundi_fw-la cap._n 1._o entitle_v a_o act_n to_o prevent_v and_o suppress_v seditious_a conventicle_n sect_n 1._o for_o provide_v far_o and_o more_o speedy_a remedy_n etc._n etc._n beside_o the_o statute_n of_o 16_o car._n 2._o cap._n 4._o which_o be_v and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o make_v this_o act_n be_v expire_v there_o be_v several_a other_o act_n yet_o in_o force_n for_o the_o prevent_n and_o suppress_v of_o seditious_a conventicle_n as_o the_o statute_n of_o 35_o eliz._n cap._n 1._o entitle_v a_o act_n to_o retain_v the_o queen_n majesty_n subject_n in_o their_o due_a obedience_n which_o act_n be_v but_o temporary_a at_o first_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 39_o eliz._n cap._n 18._o be_v continue_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o next_o parliament_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 43_o eliz._n cap._n 9_o be_v continue_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o session_n of_o the_o next_o parliament_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o jacobi_n cap._n 25._o be_v continue_v until_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o session_n of_o the_o next_o parliament_n the_o same_o parliament_n of_o 1_o jacobi_n continue_v by_o several_a prorogation_n in_o 3_o 4_o and_z 7_o jacobi_n so_o that_o the_o next_o parliament_n after_o the_o continuance_n of_o 1_o jacobi_n be_v hold_v in_o 18_o jac._n where_o only_o two_o bill_n of_o subsidy_n past_a and_o nothing_o more_o be_v do_v in_o that_o parliament_n whereupon_o in_o 20_o jac._n it_o come_v to_o be_v a_o question_n whether_o this_o act_n of_o 35_o be_v in_o force_n or_o not_o as_o appear_v in_o hutton_n rep._n fol._n 61._o the_o judge_n be_v in_o doubt_n as_o it_o seem_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o proviso_n in_o the_o bill_n of_o subsidy_n that_o the_o royal_a assent_n to_o these_o bill_n shall_v not_o determine_v that_o session_n of_o parliament_n which_o doubtless_o it_o do_v not_o yet_o when_o the_o parliament_n be_v afterward_o dissolve_v and_o nothing_o more_o do_v 27.28_o co._n 4._o inst_z 27.28_o the_o pass_v of_o these_o two_o bill_n be_v matter_n of_o record_n make_v it_o such_o a_o session_n of_o the_o next_o parliament_n that_o discontinue_v this_o act_n of_o 35_o eliz._n but_o to_o prevent_v the_o doubt_n afterward_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 21_o jacobi_n cap._n 27._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o say_a act_n of_o 35_o eliz._n as_o have_v not_o be_v since_o repeal_v by_o any_o other_o statute_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v ever_o since_o the_o session_n of_o parliament_n in_o 7_o jacobi_n to_o have_v be_v of_o such_o force_n and_o effect_n as_o the_o same_o be_v the_o last_o day_n of_o that_o session_n and_o from_o thenceforth_o until_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o session_n of_o the_o next_o parliament_n which_o next_o parliament_n be_v in_o 1_o car._n primi_fw-la and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o that_o parliament_n this_o statute_n of_o 39_o eliz._n be_v again_o discontinue_v but_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 3_o car._n 1._o cap._n 4._o the_o statute_n of_o 35_o eliz._n viz._n so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o have_v not_o be_v repeal_v by_o any_o other_o statute_n be_v continue_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o session_n of_o the_o next_o parliament_n in_o such_o force_n and_o effect_n as_o it_o be_v on_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o session_n of_o parliament_n hold_v in_o an._n 1_o car._n 1._o and_o last_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 16_o car._n 1._o cap._n 4._o in_o the_o close_a of_o a_o temporary_a act_n entitle_v a_o act_n for_o the_o far_a relief_n of_o his_o majesty_n army_n and_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n all_o statute_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n whereof_o the_o act_n of_o 35_o eliz._n be_v one_o which_o have_v their_o continuance_n or_o be_v by_o the_o act_n of_o 3_o car._n 1._o cap._n 4._o make_v be_v enact_v to_o have_v continuance_n until_o some_o other_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v make_v touch_v the_o continuance_n or_o discontinuance_n of_o the_o same_o by_o which_o last_o act_n the_o statute_n of_o 35_o eliz._n be_v make_v perpetual_a there_o have_v be_v no_o act_n since_o make_v either_o for_o the_o continuance_n or_o discontinuance_n of_o the_o same_o but_o yet_o there_o remain_v one_o question_n upon_o it_o still_o viz._n why_o the_o act_n of_o 21_o jac._n and_o 3_o car._n 1._o do_v not_o continue_v this_o act_n of_o 35_o eliz._n total_o but_o only_o so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o be_v unrepealed_a by_o any_o former_a act._n to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o in_o the_o act_n of_o 35_o eliz._n there_o be_v two_o clause_n be_v the_o 8_o and_o 9th_o paragraph_n on_o mr._n keeble_v statute_n book_n the_o first_o for_o impose_v a_o penalty_n upon_o such_o person_n as_o shall_v harbour_v or_o entertain_v in_o their_o house_n any_o person_n which_o shall_v obstinate_o refuse_v to_o repair_v to_o divine_a service_n by_o a_o month._n and_o the_o next_o clause_n be_v a_o proviso_n that_o the_o law_n shall_v not_o extend_v to_o the_o harbour_v of_o a_o wife_n and_o other_o relation_n there_o name_v be_v both_o repeal_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 3_o jac._n cap._n 4._o which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o the_o statute_n of_o 35_o eliz._n be_v not_o whole_o continue_v but_o only_o so_o much_o as_o be_v unrepealed_a which_o be_v the_o whole_a statute_n save_v only_o these_o two_o clause_n i_o have_v be_v the_o long_o about_o this_o act_n of_o 35_o eliz._n to_o prove_v it_o in_o force_n at_o this_o day_n for_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o whole_a parliament_n that_o it_o be_v in_o force_n declare_v in_o the_o expire_a act_n of_o 16_o car._n 2._o cap._n 4._o by_o which_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v conclude_v in_o point_n of_o law_n it_o have_v often_o be_v affirm_v to_o i_o that_o the_o act_n of_o 35_o eliz._n be_v discontinue_v and_o not_o now_o in_o force_n but_o such_o affirmation_n rather_o proceed_v from_o affection_n to_o have_v it_o so_o than_o from_o any_o other_o ground_n the_o statute_n of_o 23_o eliz._n cap._n 1._o against_o say_v and_o hear_v of_o mass_n the_o statute_n of_o 13_o and_o 14_o car._n 2._o cap._n against_o quaker_n the_o statute_n of_o 13_o and_o 14_o car._n 2_o cap._n 4._o for_o uniformity_n of_o public_a prayer_n the_o statute_n of_o 17_o car._n 2._o cap._n 2._o common_o call_v the_o oxford_n act_n for_o restrain_v of_o nonconformists_n from_o inhabit_v in_o corporation_n all_o which_o statute_n and_o several_a other_o do_v in_o part_n provide_v remedy_n against_o the_o seditious_a practice_n of_o sectary_n and_o disloyal_a person_n and_o this_o act_n provide_v far_a and_o more_o speedy_a remedy_n against_o they_o 2._o that_o be_v any_o person_n etc._n etc._n this_o word_n person_n extend_v both_o to_o man_n and_o woman_n see_v the_o 16_o paragraph_n of_o this_o act_n and_o to_o peer_n as_o well_o as_o commoner_n but_o peer_n be_v not_o to_o be_v arrest_v or_o imprison_v as_o commoner_n may_v be_v see_v the_o 17_o paragraph_n hereunder_o so_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o mayor_n or_o other_o head_n officer_n be_v dofuntary_o present_a at_o a_o conventirle_n for_o any_o other_o cause_n except_o for_o the_o suppress_n of_o it_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v condvive_v as_o a_o ostendes_fw-la within_o this_o law_n 3._o of_o the_o age_n of_o 16_o year_n or_o upward_o etc._n etc._n this_o be_v plain_a and_o if_o evidence_n be_v give_v against_o a_o person_n for_o be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n who_o be_v of_o the_o growth_n or_o stature_n of_o a_o young_a man_n or_o young_a woman_n it_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v that_o such_o person_n be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o 16_o year_n unless_o the_o contrary_n be_v special_o make_v appear_v and_o in_o such_o case_n the_o proof_n or_o onus_fw-la probandi_fw-la rest_v upon_o the_o offender_n in_o such_o conviction_n whereupon_o there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n by_o this_o act_n and_o so_o i_o take_v it_o
the_o poverty_n of_o the_o offender_n in_o that_o case_n i_o take_v it_o if_o it_o be_v within_o the_o three_o month_n the_o justice_n at_o his_o discretion_n may_v impose_v the_o fine_a upon_o any_o other_o offender_n that_o be_v then_o convict_a of_o the_o same_o offence_n but_o if_o the_o three_o month_n be_v elapse_v than_o i_o think_v he_o can_v though_o it_o be_v not_o clear_a see_v the_o 14_o paragraph_n of_o this_o act._n 4._o upon_o the_o good_n and_o chattel_n of_o any_o other_o person_n or_o person_n who_o shall_v be_v then_o convict_v in_o manner_n aforesaid_a of_o the_o like_a offence_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v of_o be_v present_a at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o conventicle_n for_o if_o a._n and_o b._n be_v both_o present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n now_o it_o be_v the_o like_a offence_n in_o both_o consider_v the_o offence_n in_o itself_o now_o though_o a._n have_v be_v former_o convict_v and_o so_o he_o be_v to_o incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o 10_o s._n and_o b._n have_v not_o be_v former_o be_v to_o incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o 5_o s._n only_o now_o here_o the_o penalty_n be_v different_a yet_o the_o offence_n be_v the_o like_a and_o therefore_o in_o case_n of_o poverty_n the_o fine_a of_o 10_o s._n for_o the_o offence_n of_o a._n may_v be_v impose_v on_o b._n or_o the_o 5_o s._n for_o the_o offence_n of_o b._n may_v be_v impose_v upon_o a._n or_o upon_o any_o other_o convict_v of_o be_v present_a at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n but_o i_o think_v the_o preacher_n or_o teacher_n in_o this_o conventicle_n be_v not_o within_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o clause_n for_o that_o though_o he_o be_v present_a yet_o he_o be_v to_o be_v convict_v of_o a_o great_a offence_n for_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o preach_v or_o teach_v in_o the_o conventicle_n and_o not_o of_o the_o lesser_a offence_n of_o be_v present_a at_o it_o 5._o at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o say_a justice_n etc._n etc._n note_v this_o discretion_n be_v bound_v in_o these_o point_n 1._o there_o must_v be_v poverty_n of_o a_o offender_n in_o the_o case_n at_o least_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o justice_n or_o else_o there_o be_v no_o room_n leave_v for_o discretion_n 2._o the_o sum_n to_o be_v levy_v on_o any_o one_o offender_n in_o case_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o other_o must_v not_o amount_v to_o above_o 10_o l._n upon_o occasion_n of_o any_o one_o meet_v or_o conventicle_n these_o two_o point_n be_v observe_v the_o law_n have_v lest_o it_o absolute_o to_o the_o choice_n and_o discretion_n of_o the_o justice_n upon_o what_o other_o of_o the_o offender_n at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n except_o the_o preacher_n or_o teacher_n there_o to_o impose_v the_o penalty_n he_o shall_v think_v fit_a wherein_o he_o may_v do_v well_o to_o have_v regard_n to_o the_o estate_n and_o forwardness_n to_o offend_v of_o such_o person_n or_o person_n upon_o who_o he_o shall_v impose_v the_o penalty_n 6._o and_o every_o constable_n headborough_z tythingman_n churchwarden_n and_o overseer_n of_o the_o poor_a respective_o be_v hereby_o authorize_v and_o require_v to_o levy_v the_o same_o according_o have_v first_o receive_v a_o warrant_n etc._n etc._n the_o warrant_n to_o levy_v the_o penalty_n be_v under_o hand_n and_o seal_n of_o the_o justice_n convict_v be_v in_o its_o nature_n a_o execution_n for_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o the_o officer_n upon_o demand_n make_v to_o have_v the_o door_n open_v and_o declare_v of_o his_o warrant_n at_o the_o same_o time_n may_v break_v open_a the_o door_n to_o enter_v and_o make_v execution_n of_o the_o warrant_n by_o levy_v of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o offender_n if_o upon_o such_o demand_n the_o door_n shall_v not_o be_v open_v to_o he_o though_o it_o have_v be_v question_v by_o some_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n to_o the_o contrary_a the_o objection_n they_o have_v make_v be_v that_o this_o be_v a_o particular_a mode_n of_o levy_v a_o penalty_n by_o way_n of_o distress_n prescribe_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o king_n have_v no_o share_n or_o interest_n therein_o till_o distribution_n of_o the_o money_n levy_v into_o three_o part_n but_o certain_o this_o be_v the_o king_n suit_n it_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o his_o law_n a_o conviction_n by_o his_o officer_n and_o the_o distress_n be_v a_o execution_n for_o he_o the_o record_n of_o conviction_n be_v a_o judgement_n or_o award_v for_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o so_o much_o etc._n etc._n and_o before_o distribution_n the_o whole_a be_v he_o to_o be_v return_v into_o the_o session_n at_o lest_o it_o be_v a_o execution_n for_o a_o three_o part_n for_o he_o and_o as_o for_o that_o the_o door_n may_v be_v break_v open_a and_o be_v so_o open_a the_o rest_n may_v be_v levy_v the_o rest_n of_o this_o paragraph_n be_v plain_a sect_n 3._o 1._o and_o be_v it_o far_o enact_v by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o every_o person_n who_o shall_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o preach_v or_o teach_v in_o any_o such_o meeting_n etc._n etc._n here_o the_o word_n every_o person_n who_o shall_v take_v upon_o he_o be_v general_a so_o that_o a_o alien_a or_o person_n under_o the_o age_n of_o 16_o who_o shall_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o preach_v etc._n etc._n be_v to_o be_v convict_v and_o forfeit_v 20_o l._n for_o the_o first_o offence_n as_o well_o as_o a_o denizen_n or_o subject_a of_o the_o realm_n of_o the_o age_n of_o 16_o year_n or_o upward_o though_o every_o one_o that_o be_v to_o be_v convict_v for_o only_o be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n must_v be_v a_o subject_a of_o the_o realm_n and_o of_o the_o age_n of_o 16_o or_o upward_o as_o be_v abovesaid_a and_o here_o by_o this_o clause_n if_o in_o such_o meeting_n several_a shall_v take_v upon_o they_o successive_o to_o preach_v or_o teach_v though_o at_o one_o time_n of_o meet_v yet_o every_o such_o person_n come_v within_o the_o penalty_n of_o this_o clause_n and_o their_o penalty_n to_o be_v levy_v as_o in_o case_n there_o be_v but_o one_o 2._o and_o if_o the_o say_a preacher_n or_o teacher_n so_o convict_v be_v a_o stranger_n and_o his_o name_n and_o habitation_n not_o know_v or_o be_v flee_v and_o can_v be_v find_v etc._n etc._n these_o word_n must_v be_v take_v in_o the_o disjunctive_a that_o be_v if_o the_o preacher_n be_v a_o stranger_n who_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v not_o know_v or_o if_o his_o name_n be_v not_o know_v for_o then_o he_o can_v be_v convict_v or_o if_o his_o habitation_n be_v not_o know_v for_o then_o by_o presumption_n the_o penalty_n can_v be_v levy_v in_o either_o of_o these_o case_n the_o penalty_n may_v be_v levy_v upon_o other_o offender_n present_a at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n and_o where_o the_o statute_n say_v not_o know_v that_o must_v be_v intend_v not_o know_v to_o the_o justice_n or_o officer_n that_o suppress_v the_o conventicle_n and_o prosecute_v the_o offender_n for_o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o the_o preacher_n and_o his_o name_n and_o habitation_n be_v or_o may_v be_v know_v to_o the_o conventicler_n themselves_o but_o if_o not_o know_v to_o the_o officer_n he_o be_v not_o know_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o this_o law_n 3._o or_o be_v flee_v and_o can_v be_v find_v etc._n etc._n that_o be_v so_o flee_v that_o he_o can_v be_v find_v by_o the_o officer_n that_o prosecute_v he_o for_o the_o offence_n though_o perhaps_o he_o be_v not_o so_o flee_v but_o may_v easy_o be_v find_v by_o his_o own_o disciple_n 4._o or_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o justice_n justice_n or_o chief_a justice_n or_o magistrate_n before_o who_o he_o shall_v be_v convict_v shall_v be_v think_v unable_a to_o pay_v the_o same_o etc._n etc._n this_o clause_n suppose_v the_o teacher_n or_o preacher_n name_v to_o be_v know_v otherwise_o he_o can_v be_v convict_v at_o all_o i_o say_v the_o preacher_n or_o teacher_n can_v be_v convict_v if_o his_o name_n be_v not_o know_v but_o by_o the_o former_a clause_n if_o his_o name_n be_v not_o know_v the_o penalty_n of_o 20_o l._n may_v be_v impose_v upon_o other_o present_v at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n where_o the_o preacher_n or_o teacher_n name_n be_v know_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o justice_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o preacher_n inability_n to_o pay_v aught_o to_o appear_v upon_o record_n under_o his_o hand_n and_o seal_n 5._o the_o say_a justice_n justice_n or_o chief_a magistrate_n respective_o be_v hereby_o impower_v and_o require_v to_o levy_v the_o same_o by_o warrant_n as_o aforesaid_a upon_o the_o good_n and_o chattel_n of_o any_o such_o person_n who_o shall_v be_v present_a at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n any_o thing_n in_o this_o or_o any_o other_o act_n etc._n etc._n by_o this_o clause_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o the_o penalty_n in_o this_o case_n
may_v be_v impose_v upon_o any_o person_n present_a at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n though_o such_o person_n upon_o who_o it_o be_v impose_v be_v not_o convict_v for_o be_v present_a at_o the_o conventicle_n nor_o can_v be_v convict_v for_o be_v present_a as_o a_o alien_a or_o subject_a under_o 16_o year_n of_o age_n and_o the_o different_a pen_n of_o this_o and_o the_o precedent_n paragraph_n seem_v to_o make_v it_o clear_a for_o in_o the_o precedent_n paragraph_n the_o word_n be_v that_o the_o penalty_n there_o mention_v in_o case_n of_o poverty_n of_o such_o offender_n 12_o he_o be_v convict_v for_o be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n shall_v be_v levy_v on_o the_o good_n and_o chattel_n of_o any_o other_o person_n or_o person_n who_o shall_v be_v then_o convict_v in_o manner_n aforesaid_a of_o the_o like_a offence_n at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n so_o the_o penalty_n there_o can_v be_v lay_v upon_o none_o but_o such_o as_o by_o this_o law_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v convict_v for_o be_v present_a at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n but_o a_o alien_a or_o subject_a under_o 16_o year_n can_v be_v convict_v for_o that_o offence_n but_o here_o the_o word_n of_o this_o paragraph_n say_v that_o the_o penalty_n of_o 20_o l._n here_o mention_v may_v be_v levy_v upon_o any_o such_o person_n who_o shall_v be_v present_a at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n whether_o convict_v or_o not_o and_o a_o alien_n may_v be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n though_o he_o can_v be_v convict_v whereby_o to_o forfeit_n 5_o s._n as_o a_o subject_a may_v but_o the_o penalty_n impose_v on_o the_o preacher_n so_o far_o as_o 10_o l._n may_v be_v levy_v upon_o he_o and_o the_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la in_o this_o paragraph_n do_v seem_v to_o confirm_v this_o construction_n 5._o and_o the_o money_n so_o levy_v to_o be_v dispose_v of_o in_o manner_n aforesaid_a etc._n etc._n that_o be_v as_o above_o direct_v by_o the_o next_o precedent_n paragraph_n viz._n one_o three_o to_o the_o king_n one_o other_o three_o to_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o parish_n where_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v and_o the_o other_o three_o to_o the_o informer_n and_o such_o person_n as_o the_o justice_n shall_v appoint_v 6._o and_o if_o such_o offender_n so_o convict_v as_o aforesaid_a shall_v at_o any_o time_n again_o commit_v the_o like_a offence_n etc._n etc._n the_o commitment_n of_o the_o say_a offence_n must_v be_v after_o the_o conviction_n for_o the_o first_o see_v above_o §_o 2._o obs_n 1._o 7._o shall_v for_o every_o such_o offence_n incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o forty_o pound_n to_o be_v levy_v and_o dispose_v as_o aforesaid_a this_o penalty_n of_o 40_o l._n may_v be_v levy_v upon_o the_o preacher_n as_o the_o 20_o l._n penalty_n above_o and_o in_o case_n of_o inability_n of_o the_o preacher_n upon_o the_o good_n of_o other_o present_a at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o penalty_n of_o 20_o l._n might_n sect_n 4._o obs_n 1._o and_o be_v it_o far_o enact_v by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o every_o person_n who_o shall_v witting_o and_o willing_o suffer_v any_o such_o conventicle_n etc._n etc._n these_o word_n conclude_v alien_n as_o well_o as_o denizen_n and_o peer_n as_o well_o as_o commoner_n 2._o to_o be_v hold_v in_o his_o or_o her_o house_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v in_o the_o house_n or_o out_o house_n in_o he_o or_o her_o possession_n whereby_o he_o or_o she_o may_v have_v hinder_v the_o conventicle_n from_o be_v hold_v there_o for_o in_o this_o case_n the_o bare_a possession_n of_o the_o house_n though_o without_o any_o title_n make_v it_o to_o be_v his_o or_o her_o house_n within_o the_o intent_n of_o this_o law_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o a_o man_n enter_v upon_o i_o and_o put_v i_o out_o of_o possession_n of_o my_o house_n by_o wrong_n and_o keep_v i_o out_o of_o possession_n and_o in_o that_o time_n suffer_v a_o conventicle_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o same_o house_n now_o he_o that_o have_v sell_v the_o possession_n of_o my_o house_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v for_o suffer_v a_o conventicle_n in_o his_o house_n though_o in_o truth_n the_o title_n of_o the_o house_n be_v i_o 3._o or_o in_o case_n of_o the_o poverty_n etc._n etc._n this_o be_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n convict_v as_o above_o in_o case_n of_o the_o preacher_n but_o the_o penalty_n in_o this_o case_n of_o poverty_n be_v only_o to_o be_v levy_v upon_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v convict_v for_o be_v present_a at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n and_o not_o upon_o alien_n who_o be_v not_o to_o be_v convict_v for_o be_v present_a at_o the_o conventicle_n the_o pen_n of_o this_o clause_n and_o the_o like_a clause_n in_o the_o second_o paragraph_n do_v exact_o agree_v but_o be_v both_o different_a from_o the_o clause_n in_o the_o three_o paragraph_n where_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o preacher_n in_o case_n of_o his_o poverty_n or_o inability_n be_v to_o be_v levy_v on_o any_o person_n present_a at_o the_o same_o conventicle_n though_o not_o convict_v sect_n 5._o 1._o this_o be_v clear_a yet_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o more_o than_o ten_o pound_n may_v not_o be_v impose_v upon_o one_o person_n for_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o preacher_n where_o his_o name_n or_o habitation_n be_v not_o know_v for_o that_o penalty_n be_v not_o impose_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o poverty_n or_o inability_n of_o the_o preacher_n but_o because_o he_o be_v not_o know_v so_o as_o the_o justice_n may_v judge_v whether_o he_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v the_o penalty_n or_o not_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n co-habiting_a be_v both_o present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n and_o convict_a whereby_o the_o penalty_n of_o 5._o s._n impose_v upon_o the_o wife_n be_v to_o be_v levy_v on_o the_o husband_n be_v good_n yet_o the_o husband_n may_v be_v charge_v with_o 10_o l._n beside_o for_o and_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o another_o for_o the_o wife_n penalty_n of_o 5_o s._n be_v not_o lay_v upon_o the_o husband_n in_o regard_n of_o her_o poverty_n but_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o relation_n between_o they_o where_o there_o be_v a_o penalty_n of_o twenty_o pound_n or_o more_o to_o be_v impose_v in_o respect_n the_o justice_n may_v assess_v what_o sum_n he_o think_v fit_a upon_o each_o party_n liable_a so_o that_o no_o one_o be_v charge_v with_o more_o than_o 10_o l._n in_o regard_n of_o poverty_n etc._n etc._n act._n sect_n 6._o 1._o provide_v also_o and_o be_v it_o far_o enact_v that_o in_o all_o case_n of_o this_o act_n where_o the_o penalty_n or_o sum_n charge_v upon_o any_o offender_n exceed_v the_o sum_n of_o 10_o s._n this_o paragraph_n give_v a_o appeal_n to_o the_o offender_n in_o certain_a case_n whereupon_o these_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o 1._o the_o person_n that_o may_v appeal_v must_v be_v a_o offender_n charge_v with_o above_o the_o sum_n or_o penalty_n of_o 10_o s._n for_o if_o he_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o sum_n or_o penalty_n of_o 10_o s._n only_o or_o under_o he_o be_v conclude_v by_o the_o conviction_n and_o can_v appear_v a_o constable_n convict_v upon_o the_o 11_o paragraph_n of_o this_o act_n may_v appeal_v 2._o the_o time_n when_o he_o may_v appeal_v and_o that_o must_v be_v within_o one_o week_n after_o the_o penalty_n above_o 10._o s._n be_v levy_v upon_o his_o good_n etc._n etc._n or_o else_o after_o the_o voluntary_a payment_n of_o such_o penalty_n either_o to_o the_o officer_n or_o justice_n convict_v so_o that_o before_o the_o whole_a penalty_n charge_v upon_o the_o offender_n be_v either_o levy_v or_o pay_v the_o offender_n can_v appeal_v neither_o can_v he_o appeal_v at_o all_o if_o a_o week_n be_v elapse_v after_o the_o penalty_n levy_v or_o pay_v and_o no_o appeal_n within_o that_o time_n but_o in_o such_o case_n the_o offender_n be_v for_o ever_o conclude_v by_o the_o conviction_n before_o the_o justice_n etc._n etc._n 3._o the_o manner_n of_o appeal_n must_v be_v in_o write_v from_o the_o person_n or_o person_n convict_v i._n e._n the_o justice_n or_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n but_o such_o writing_n need_v not_o be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o party_n appeal_n 4._o the_o judge_n to_o who_o judgement_n the_o appeal_n lie_v be_v the_o justice_n of_o peace_n in_o their_o next_o quarter_n sessions_n that_o be_v next_o after_o the_o appeal_n and_o not_o next_o after_o the_o levy_n or_o payment_n of_o the_o money_n and_o it_o must_v be_v the_o quarter_n session_n for_o the_o same_o county_n liberty_n or_o place_v where_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v and_o the_o offender_n convict_v and_o not_o any_o other_o if_o it_o be_v in_o a_o corporation_n by_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o corporation_n the_o certificate_n and_o return_n of_o
money_n levy_v and_o the_o appeal_n must_v be_v to_o the_o session_n for_o such_o place_n and_o not_o to_o the_o quarter_n session_n for_o the_o county_n at_o large_a and_o so_o be_v it_o rule_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o town_n of_o southmolton_n in_o devon_n to_o the_o mayor_n of_o which_o place_n the_o court_n of_o kings-bench_n mic._n 35._o car._n 2._o grant_v a_o mandamus_fw-la for_o the_o receive_v a_o appeal_n from_o a_o conviction_n of_o a_o conventicle_n hold_v in_o that_o town_n make_v by_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n of_o that_o corporation_n 2._o to_o who_o the_o justice_n or_o justice_n etc._n etc._n that_o first_o convict_v such_o offender_n shall_v return_v the_o money_n levy_v upon_o the_o appellant_n etc._n etc._n though_o the_o word_n be_v only_o the_o money_n levy_v upon_o the_o appellant_n yet_o the_o money_n pay_v by_o the_o appellant_n be_v to_o be_v return_v by_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o law_n and_o here_o be_v a_o necessary_a caution_n to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o justice_n convict_v that_o where_o any_o penalty_n of_o above_o 10_o s._n be_v levy_v upon_o or_o pay_v by_o one_o offender_n he_o do_v not_o proceed_v to_o make_v distribution_n of_o the_o penalty_n so_o levy_v or_o pay_v till_o one_o full_a week_n be_v pass_v after_o the_o levy_n or_o payment_n of_o it_o for_o the_o offender_n have_v that_o time_n to_o appeal_v in_o and_o if_o he_o do_v appeal_n within_o that_o time_n the_o justice_n be_v to_o return_v the_o whole_a money_n to_o the_o session_n and_o if_o the_o offender_n upon_o his_o appeal_n be_v acquit_v by_o the_o session_n he_o be_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o all_o his_o money_n the_o justice_n upon_o his_o appeal_n be_v to_o certify_v the_o record_n of_o the_o conviction_n and_o the_o evidence_n upon_o which_o the_o conviction_n pass_v under_o his_o hand_n and_o seal_n and_o also_o the_o appeal_n make_v before_o he_o in_o writing_n that_o the_o session_n may_v the_o better_o be_v enable_v to_o proceed_v as_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n shall_v appear_v before_o they_o 3._o whereupon_o such_o offender_n may_v plead_v and_o make_v defence_n and_o have_v his_o trial_n by_o a_o jury_n thereupon_o etc._n etc._n the_o offender_n may_v plead_v that_o he_o be_v not_o guilty_a of_o the_o offence_n contain_v in_o the_o first_o conviction_n which_o in_o this_o case_n stand_v instead_o of_o a_o indictment_n and_o thereupon_o issue_n be_v join_v for_o the_o king_n the_o appellant_n may_v give_v in_o evidence_n that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o conventicle_n where_o he_o be_v present_a but_o a_o lawful_a assembly_n or_o that_o he_o be_v elsewhere_o and_o not_o present_a at_o such_o conventicle_n as_o the_o conviction_n suppose_v or_o any_o other_o matter_n that_o be_v legal_a evidence_n for_o his_o acquittal_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o prosecutor_n for_o the_o king_n may_v produce_v and_o give_v in_o evidence_n any_o new_a matter_n for_o the_o prove_v of_o the_o appellant_n guilty_a of_o the_o offence_n contain_v in_o the_o conviction_n from_o which_o he_o have_v so_o appeal_v and_o i_o take_v it_o that_o though_o the_o statute_n have_v indulge_v the_o offender_n to_o plead_v to_o the_o fact_n and_o to_o have_v a_o trial_n by_o a_o jury_n yet_o if_o the_o appellant_n think_v fit_a he_o may_v by_o a_o demurrer_n insist_v upon_o matter_n in_o law_n at_o the_o session_n for_o that_o the_o conviction_n be_v insufficient_a in_o substance_n for_o want_n of_o form_n be_v no_o exception_n by_o the_o 13_o clause_n of_o this_o act_n as_o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o any_o conventicle_n be_v hold_v or_o that_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o conviction_n that_o it_o be_v a_o lawful_a assembly_n and_o not_o a_o conventicle_n or_o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o appellant_n be_v present_a at_o any_o such_o conventicle_n in_o those_o or_o the_o like_a case_n if_o the_o appellant_n do_v demur_v to_o the_o conviction_n and_o the_o prosecutor_n for_o the_o king_n join_v in_o demurrer_n the_o court_n of_o session_n ought_v to_o give_v judgement_n either_o for_o or_o against_o the_o appellant_n as_o the_o matter_n in_o law_n do_v appear_v before_o they_o but_o now_o let_v we_o see_v what_o other_o matter_n of_o fact_n beside_o not_o guilty_a the_o appellant_n may_v plead_v at_o the_o session_n and_o first_o i_o conceive_v he_o may_v plead_v the_o king_n pardon_v after_o the_o offence_n commit_v and_o before_o the_o conviction_n for_o after_o the_o conviction_n the_o pardon_n come_v too_o late_o save_o only_o for_o the_o king_n be_v three_o part_n and_o if_o such_o pardon_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n be_v show_v in_o court_n as_o it_o must_v be_v if_o it_o be_v plead_v the_o court_n if_o the_o pardon_n appear_v to_o be_v sufficient_a in_o law_n ought_v to_o discharge_v the_o appellant_n of_o the_o conviction_n and_o the_o penalty_n impose_v by_o such_o conviction_n the_o appellant_n may_v likewise_o plead_v auterfoit_n convict_v viz._n that_o he_o be_v former_o convict_v of_o the_o same_o offence_n and_o have_v pay_v the_o penalty_n or_o that_o the_o same_o have_v be_v levy_v upon_o his_o good_n and_o so_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v twice_o charge_v for_o the_o same_o offence_n and_o this_o be_v a_o good_a plea_n to_o discharge_v he_o but_o if_o the_o penalty_n upon_o the_o other_o conviction_n be_v not_o pay_v or_o levy_v than_o such_o plea_n of_o auterfoit_n convict_v ought_v not_o to_o be_v allow_v for_o perhaps_o the_o former_a conviction_n may_v be_v pass_v by_o some_o contrivance_n of_o the_o offender_n or_o his_o agent_n that_o the_o penalty_n shall_v not_o be_v levy_v and_o so_o by_o a_o mean_a the_o offender_n may_v escape_v unpunished_a if_o the_o plea_n of_o auterfoit_n convict_v shall_v be_v allow_v without_o the_o penalty_n be_v levy_v or_o pay_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n it_o can_v be_v no_o mischief_n to_o the_o appellant_n for_o though_o he_o stand_v twice_o convict_v for_o the_o same_o offence_n yet_o the_o first_o payment_n of_o the_o penalty_n discharge_v he_o of_o both_o conviction_n for_o if_o the_o penalty_n shall_v be_v again_o levy_v upon_o he_o he_o have_v liberty_n in_o a_o week_n after_o to_o appeal_v and_o upon_o show_v his_o case_n by_o plea_n at_o the_o session_n ought_v to_o be_v relieve_v and_o restore_v to_o his_o money_n so_o levy_v the_o second_o time_n and_o in_o case_n such_o appellant_n shall_v not_o prosecute_v with_o effect_n etc._n etc._n if_o at_o the_o next_o quarter_n session_n the_o appellant_n shall_v not_o appear_v and_o plead_v matter_n of_o fact_n or_o demur_n in_o law_n to_o the_o record_n of_o the_o first_o conviction_n this_o will_v be_v a_o non-prosecution_n whereby_o treble_a cost_v be_v to_o be_v give_v against_o he_o so_o that_o if_o he_o do_v not_o appear_v at_o the_o day_n give_v he_o from_o time_n to_o time_n till_o the_o appeal_n be_v determine_v but_o if_o he_o appear_v and_o upon_o motion_n the_o court_n of_o session_n for_o some_o cause_n seem_v reasonable_a to_o they_o do_v grant_v far_a time_n to_o the_o appellant_n for_o draw_v of_o his_o plea_n or_o if_o after_o plea_n plead_v they_o grant_v he_o far_o time_n than_o ordinary_a for_o trial_n in_o such_o case_n this_o be_v no_o default_n in_o the_o appellant_n and_o therefore_o no_o cost_v to_o be_v award_v against_o he_o so_o if_o the_o court_n do_v take_v time_n to_o consider_v of_o the_o matter_n in_o law_n this_o be_v not_o a_o failer_z of_o prosecution_n of_o the_o appellant_n whereby_o to_o subject_v he_o to_o the_o payment_n of_o any_o cost_v and_o in_o all_o case_n of_o non-prosecution_n there_o must_v be_v a_o record_n of_o it_o make_v by_o the_o session_n or_o if_o upon_o such_o trial_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v acquit_v etc._n etc._n it_o be_v not_o say_v if_o upon_o trial_n the_o first_o conviction_n shall_v be_v affirm_v or_o find_v true_a but_o if_o the_o appellant_n shall_v not_o be_v acquit_v suppose_v the_o appellant_n be_v convict_v of_o be_v present_a at_o a_o conventicle_n and_o 5_o s._n penalty_n impose_v upon_o he_o and_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o the_o teacher_n 10_o l._n more_o be_v impose_v upon_o he_o which_o be_v levy_v he_o appeal_v and_o plead_v that_o the_o teacher_n be_v able_a to_o pay_v himself_o and_o therefore_o the_o appellant_n ought_v not_o to_o have_v be_v charge_v with_o the_o 10_o l._n in_o this_o case_n i_o conceive_v such_o plea_n be_v insufficient_a and_o though_o it_o be_v find_v so_o by_o verdict_n at_o the_o session_n yet_o the_o appellant_n be_v not_o acquit_v of_o the_o offence_n which_o 〈◊〉_d of_o be_v present_a at_o the_o conventicle_n nor_o be_v the_o teacher_n find_v innocent_a and_o therefore_o the_o appellant_n can_v be_v relieve_v but_o aught_o to_o pay_v treble_a
come_v to_o inform_v he_o of_o a_o conventicle_n that_o have_v be_v hold_v he_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v the_o informer_n his_o oath_n and_o it_o be_v no_o excuse_n for_o he_o that_o the_o informer_n do_v not_o require_v he_o to_o tender_v a_o oath_n for_o his_o come_n be_v imply_o a_o request_n it_o be_v in_o order_n to_o make_v a_o conviction_n and_o if_o he_o refuse_v or_o omit_v to_o give_v he_o his_o oath_n in_o order_n to_o the_o make_v a_o conviction_n he_o be_v punishable_a whether_o a_o conventicle_n be_v hold_v yea_o or_o no_o for_o be_v inform_v there_o be_v one_o he_o be_v a_o offender_n in_o not_o take_v the_o information_n upon_o oath_n and_o so_o be_v it_o resolve_v by_o the_o court_n of_o kings-bench_n mic._n 34_o car._n 2._o banco_n regis_fw-la on_o a_o motion_n in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n between_o smith_n qui_fw-la tam_fw-la etc._n etc._n vers_fw-la langham_n of_o northamptonshire_n the_o one_o moiety_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o informer_n etc._n etc._n although_o it_o be_v not_o express_o declare_v unto_o who_o the_o other_o moiety_n shall_v be_v give_v yet_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v it_o for_o wheresoever_o a_o forfeiture_n or_o penalty_n be_v give_v by_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n upon_o any_o offence_n it_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v to_o the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n though_o not_o particular_o name_v unless_o it_o be_v otherwise_o special_o order_v informer_n here_o be_v mean_v not_o he_o that_o inform_v the_o justice_n but_o he_o that_o sue_v for_o the_o 100_o l._n and_o so_o inform_v the_o king_n court_n of_o such_o a_o offence_n commit_v by_o such_o a_o justice_n for_o otherwise_o the_o justice_n may_v go_v unpunished_a by_o agree_v with_o he_o that_o be_v informer_n in_o the_o first_o sense_n beside_o if_o none_o but_o such_o informer_n may_v bring_v the_o action_n there_o will_v in_o all_o probability_n be_v a_o failure_n of_o proof_n in_o this_o case_n for_o none_o but_o those_o who_o inform_v the_o justice_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n capable_a of_o prove_v the_o justice_n refusal_n or_o neglect_v to_o do_v his_o duty_n although_o a_o moiety_n be_v here_o give_v to_o the_o informer_n yet_o if_o none_o will_v sue_v for_o the_o same_o the_o whole_a may_v be_v sue_v for_o at_o the_o king_n suit_n for_o there_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n create_v by_o the_o act_n and_o by_o the_o law_n give_v to_o the_o king_n the_o not_o sue_v by_o any_o informer_n for_o his_o part_n shall_v not_o prejudice_v the_o king_n the_o moiety_n go_v only_o to_o the_o informer_n i.e._n to_o he_o that_o will_v and_o do_v sue_v for_o the_o same_o if_o none_o will_v sue_v for_o it_o the_o whole_a be_v the_o king_n be_v and_o before_o any_o information_n action_n or_o popular_a suit_n bring_v he_o may_v pardon_v or_o release_v the_o whole_a penalty_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v a_o good_a bar_n against_o all_o man_n but_o what_o if_o a_o offend_a justice_n within_o this_o law_n shall_v get_v a_o friend_n to_o file_v a_o information_n against_o he_o by_o consent_n to_o prevent_v and_o anticipate_v a_o real_a informer_n and_o such_o prior_n suit_n the_o offender_n shall_v plead_v to_o the_o real_a informer_n action_n to_o trice_n he_o thereof_o i_o answer_v that_o such_o plaintiff_n may_v by_o virtue_n of_o 4_o h._n 7._o cap._n 20._o aver_v the_o former_a suit_n to_o be_v by_o covin_z and_o collusion_n and_o such_o covin_z he_o may_v in_o his_o replication_n plead_v general_o and_o if_o the_o former_a suit_n be_v find_v to_o be_v by_o covin_z to_o evade_v the_o act_n and_o trice_n the_o present_a plaintiff_n the_o defendant_n shall_v suffer_v two_o year_n imprisonment_n and_o such_o averment_n the_o plaintiff_n may_v make_v though_o on_o the_o first_o suit_n there_o be_v a_o verdict_n for_o the_o defendant_n for_o want_v of_o evidence_n or_o the_o like_a nay_o though_o there_o be_v a_o recovery_n against_o he_o sect_n 12._o if_o any_o person_n be_v at_o any_o time_n sue_v for_o put_v any_o of_o the_o power_n of_o this_o act_n in_o execution_n etc._n etc._n whether_o it_o be_v for_o inform_v disturb_v search_a imprison_a or_o distrain_v etc._n etc._n by_o the_o seven_o and_o 21_o jac._n all_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n constable_n and_o several_a other_o officer_n have_v this_o privilege_n if_o sue_v for_o any_o thing_n do_v by_o colour_n of_o their_o office_n they_o may_v plead_v the_o general_a issue_n and_o give_v special_a matter_n for_o their_o excuse_n or_o justification_n in_o evidence_n but_o this_o act_n give_v the_o same_o advantage_n to_o all_o manner_n of_o person_n do_v any_o act_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o this_o statute_n whether_o they_o be_v officer_n or_o no_o and_o the_o end_n be_v to_o prevent_v their_o be_v prejudice_v by_o a_o nicety_n of_o plead_v and_o that_o the_o truth_n of_o their_o excuse_n may_v fair_o and_o clear_o appear_v upon_o evidence_n any_o informer_n or_o other_o person_n go_v in_o assistance_n of_o any_o officer_n for_o the_o execute_v any_o power_n give_v by_o this_o law_n have_v the_o same_o privilege_n and_o benefit_n every_o such_o defendant_n shall_v have_v his_o full_a treble_a cost_n etc._n etc._n i.e._n the_o cost_v give_v by_o the_o jury_n in_o case_n of_o trial_n and_o the_o cost_v likewise_o give_v by_o the_o court_n de_fw-fr incremento_fw-la be_v to_o be_v treble_v both_o such_o cost_v as_o the_o defendant_n will_v have_v in_o case_n this_o law_n be_v not_o he_o be_v now_o to_o have_v treble_a and_o in_o case_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v nonsuit_n if_o without_o evidence_n or_o after_o evidence_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v thrice_o so_o much_o cost_v as_o he_o otherwise_o shall_v have_v in_o such_o case_n sect_n 13._o and_o be_v it_o far_o enact_v by_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o this_o act_n and_o all_o clause_n therein_o contain_v shall_v be_v construe_v most_o large_o and_o beneficial_o for_o the_o suppress_n of_o conventicle_n and_o for_o the_o justification_n and_o encouragement_n of_o all_o person_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o execution_n thereof_o this_o clause_n show_v the_o deep_a sense_n our_o lawmaker_n have_v of_o the_o pernicious_a effect_n of_o such_o unlawful_a meeting_n which_o be_v emphatical_o express_v in_o the_o preamble_n of_o this_o act_n where_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o clause_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a act_n be_v declare_v viz._n for_o provide_v far_o and_o more_o speedy_a remedy_n against_o the_o grow_a and_o dangerous_a practire_n of_o seditious_a sectary_n and_o other_o disloyal_a person_n who_o under_o the_o pretence_n of_o tender_a conscience_n have_v or_o may_v at_o their_o meeting_n contrive_v insurrection_n as_o experience_n have_v show_v and_o that_o experience_n have_v be_v much_o more_o abundant_a of_o late_a day_n and_o therefore_o the_o act_n continue_v as_o necessary_a as_o ever_o it_o be_v too_o well_o know_v that_o the_o person_n so_o pretend_v to_o a_o great_a tenderness_n of_o conscience_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n be_v no_o less_o disaffect_v to_o the_o english_a government_n than_o they_o avow_v themselves_o to_o be_v to_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o base_a reflection_n on_o the_o wisdom_n and_o prudence_n of_o our_o lawmaker_n that_o the_o prosecution_n of_o this_o law_n shall_v be_v think_v unnecessary_a in_o the_o same_o age_n wherein_o it_o be_v make_v and_o the_o reason_n continue_v for_o which_o it_o be_v at_o first_o provide_v viz._n the_o danger_n of_o mutiny_n and_o sedition_n for_o the_o prevention_n and_o suppress_v whereof_o there_o be_v no_o better_a mean_n than_o the_o execution_n of_o this_o act_n which_o as_o this_o clause_n be_v ought_v to_o have_v the_o large_a and_o most_o beneficial_a construction_n imaginable_a i._n e._n such_o a_o equitable_a construction_n although_o it_o be_v a_o penal_a law_n as_o may_v best_o conduce_v to_o the_o suppression_n of_o such_o conventicle_n though_o perhaps_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o express_o within_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v construe_v within_o the_o intent_n as_o for_o instance_n suppose_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o man_n shall_v meet_v and_o assemble_v themselves_o together_o under_o the_o colour_n and_o pretence_n of_o exercise_v religion_n and_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o formal_a preach_v and_o teach_v but_o only_o a_o extempore_o enthusiastical_a prayer_n yet_o the_o prolocutor_n or_o speaker_n in_o such_o assembly_n ought_v to_o be_v construe_v with_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o three_o section_n of_o this_o act_n and_o incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o 20_o l._n be_v certain_o within_o the_o intent_n though_o not_o within_o the_o precise_a letter_n of_o that_o clause_n the_o like_a of_o the_o quaker_n meeting_n though_o they_o can_v proper_o be_v within_o the_o three_o section_n when_o it_o be_v