drift_n there_o shall_v be_v find_v any_o mare_n filly_n fole_n or_o gelding_n that_o then_o shall_v be_v think_v not_o able_a nor_o like_a to_o grow_v able_a to_o bear_v fole_n of_o reasonable_a stature_n nor_o to_o do_v profitable_a labour_n by_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o more_o number_n of_o the_o say_a driver_n than_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v kill_v and_o bury_v or_o otherwise_o bestow_v steward_n of_o leet_n to_o inquire_v of_o all_o default_n and_o to_o certify_v the_o presentment_n unto_o the_o next_o quarter_n session_n or_o to_o the_o custos_fw-la rotul_n of_o the_o county_n within_o 40_o day_n after_o such_o presentment_n make_v to_o be_v hear_v and_o determine_v by_o they_o or_o else_o the_o steward_n to_o forfeit_v 40_o shilling_n horse_n infect_v none_o shall_v have_v or_o put_v to_o pasture_n any_o horse_n gelding_n or_o mare_n infect_v with_o scab_n or_o mange_n into_o or_o upon_o any_o commons_o or_o common_a field_n upon_o pain_n to_o forfeit_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o leet_n for_o every_o such_o horse_n etc._n etc._n so_o infect_v ten_o shilling_n this_o offence_n to_o be_v inquire_v and_o present_v in_o the_o leet_n as_o other_o common_a annoyance_n nota_fw-la this_o statute_n in_o the_o most_o and_o fortile_a shire_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v limit_n 15_o handful_n and_o in_o the_o rest_n but_o 14._o and_o by_o the_o 21._o jac._n ca._n 28._o in_o fine_a this_o stafor_a the_o breed_n and_o stature_n of_o horse_n and_o kill_v of_o filly_n etc._n etc._n shall_v not_o extend_v to_o cornwall_n the_o life_n and_o spirit_n of_o all_o law_n do_v consist_v and_o depend_v upon_o the_o due_a execution_n of_o it_o for_o which_o purpose_n there_o must_v be_v fit_a place_n and_o instrument_n of_o custody_n and_o correction_n for_o offender_n and_o a_o upright_a care_n and_o integrity_n in_o officer_n for_o performance_n of_o their_o duty_n pillory_n etc._n etc._n every_o one_o who_o have_v view_n of_o frankpledge_a or_o the_o precinct_n and_o liberty_n of_o a_o leet_n aught_o to_o have_v a_o pillory_n and_o a_o tumbril_n whereby_o to_o do_v justice_n and_o every_o tything_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o stock_n as_o well_o for_o the_o keep_n and_o safe_a detain_v of_o offender_n until_o they_o be_v bring_v before_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o other_o magistrate_n as_o also_o for_o the_o castigation_n of_o malefactor_n and_o disorder_a person_n as_o drunkard_n and_o other_o or_o else_o five_o pound_n forfeit_v the_o often_o cite_v ancient_a law_n of_o 51._o hen._n 3._o do_v enjoin_v a_o inquiry_n if_o any_o steward_n or_o bay_n lief_o for_o any_o reward_n shall_v remit_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o pillory_n or_o tumbril_n and_o si_fw-la habeant_fw-la in_o villa_n pillorium_fw-la debitae_fw-la fortitudinis_fw-la etc._n etc._n a_o pillory_n of_o convenient_a strength_n as_o appertain_v to_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o marker_n which_o they_o may_v use_v if_o need_v be_v without_o bodily_a peril_n either_o of_o man_n or_o woman_n constable_n aleconners_a etc._n etc._n if_o any_o constable_n aleconner_n bay_a life_n or_o any_o other_o officer_n within_o the_o liberty_n do_v not_o well_o and_o due_o execute_v their_o office_n according_a to_o their_o several_a oath_n and_o duty_n purveyor_n if_o any_o purveyor_n shall_v make_v any_o purveyance_n for_o the_o king_n house_n of_o any_o thing_n to_o the_o value_n of_o forty_o shalling_n or_o under_o 8._o 20_o h._n 6._o ca._n 8._o and_o not_o make_v ready_a payment_n to_o the_o party_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o the_o owner_n to_o retain_v their_o good_n and_o to_o resist_v such_o purveyor_n that_o every_o constable_n tâ—thiugman_n or_o chief_a pledge_n of_o every_o town_n be_v require_v shall_v be_v assistant_n to_o such_o owner_n or_o seller_n upon_o pain_n to_o yield_v unto_o the_o party_n grieve_v the_o value_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o double_a damage_n 20._o she_o 6._o ca._n 8._o hue_n and_o cry_n to_o abate_v the_o power_n of_o felon_n it_o be_v command_v that_o cry_n shall_v be_v solemn_o make_v in_o all_o county_n hundred_o market_n fair_n and_o other_o place_n of_o great_a resort_n and_o that_o immediate_o upon_o robbery_n and_o felony_n commit_v fresh_a suit_n be_v make_v from_o town_n to_o town_n and_o from_o country_n to_o country_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o winton_n 13._o edw._n 1._o ca._n 1._o in_o this_o service_n the_o constable_n and_o tethingman_n have_v special_a interest_n and_o their_o contempt_n or_o negligence_n here_o inquirable_a outcry_n make_v without_o cause_n but_o if_o any_o hue_n and_o cry_n be_v levy_v or_o any_o outcry_n make_v without_o any_o ground_n or_o cause_n to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o people_n inquirable_a watch_z and_o ward_n also_o the_o constable_n ought_v to_o see_v that_o the_o peace_n be_v keep_v and_o watch_v and_o ward_v observe_v from_o assension_n day_n till_o michaelmas_n continual_o all_o night_n from_o the_o sun_n set_v till_o the_o sun_n rise_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o town_n 13_o ed._n 1._o c._n 4._o and_o that_o search_v be_v due_o make_v every_o month_n for_o unlawful_a game_n that_o the_o statute_n make_v against_o haunter_n of_o alehouse_n and_o drunkard_n be_v due_o put_v in_o execution_n if_o the_o constable_n have_v be_v remiss_a and_o delinquent_a in_o these_o or_o any_o other_o thing_n touch_v any_o part_n or_o branch_n of_o his_o oath_n and_o office_n it_o be_v presentable_a all_o officer_n default_n and_o so_o all_o other_o officer_n whatsoever_o which_o owe_v any_o suit_n and_o service_n to_o this_o ancient_a court_n as_o tethingman_n or_o chief_a pledge_n surveyor_n of_o highway_n searcher_n and_o sealer_n of_o leather_n and_o such_o other_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o several_a court_n the_o profit_n of_o the_o king_n or_o lord_n of_o the_o leet_n certum_fw-la letae_fw-la in_o most_o leet_n there_o be_v a_o duty_n or_o common_a fine_a call_v in_o some_o place_n certum_fw-la letae_fw-la payable_a to_o the_o lord_n the_o reason_n and_o commencement_n of_o it_o be_v before_o declare_v if_o that_o or_o any_o custom_n or_o duâ—tie_n be_v withdraw_v it_o be_v presentable_a mortmain_n to_o preserve_v the_o service_n due_a of_o the_o fee_n and_o tenor_n of_o land_n 1._o 7_o ed._n 1._o which_o at_o the_o beginning_n be_v provide_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o escheat_n of_o the_o same_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o no_o person_n religious_a or_o other_o shall_v presume_v to_o buy_v or_o sell_v any_o land_n or_o tenement_n or_o by_o colour_n of_o any_o gift_n or_o term_v or_o by_o reason_n of_o any_o other_o title_n whatsoever_o or_o by_o any_o craft_n or_o engine_n appropre_a to_o himself_o any_o land_n or_o tenement_n whereby_o it_o may_v in_o any_o wise_a come_v into_o mortmain_n if_o any_o do_v offend_v it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o the_o king_n and_o other_o chief_a lord_n of_o the_o fee_n immediate_a to_o enter_v into_o the_o land_n so_o alien_v within_o a_o year_n from_o the_o time_n of_o such_o alienation_n and_o to_o hold_v it_o in_o fee_n and_o as_o inheritance_n and_o if_o the_o chief_a lord_n immediate_a be_v negligent_a than_o the_o next_o chief_a lord_n may_v enter_v within_o half_a a_o year_n after_o etc._n etc._n treasure_n trove_v if_o there_o be_v any_o treasur-trove_a viz._n treasure_n put_v into_o the_o earth_n and_o no_o man_n know_v who_o have_v hide_v it_o it_o belong_v either_o to_o the_o king_n or_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n thesaurus_fw-la inventus_fw-la competit_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la et_fw-la non_fw-la domino_fw-la libertatis_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la verba_fw-la specialia_fw-la in_o facto_fw-la libertatis_fw-la contenta_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la praescriptionem_fw-la antiquitus_fw-la fuit_fw-la inventoris_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la naturali_fw-la nunc_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la efficitur_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la estreye_n all_o estreye_n be_v here_o inquirable_a that_o be_v if_o there_o be_v any_o horse_n pig_n hog_n cattle_n or_o swan_n which_o have_v come_v within_o the_o lordship_n and_o be_v there_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n and_o not_o claim_v the_o lord_n may_v have_v they_o by_o prescription_n but_o such_o beast_n ought_v first_o to_o be_v impound_v in_o a_o open_a pound_n proclaim_v in_o three_o market_n town_n next_o adjoin_v and_o then_o if_o none_o claim_v they_o they_o shall_v be_v seize_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v put_v into_o some_o several_a land_n and_o not_o into_o any_o covert_n or_o wood_n where_o the_o owner_n can_v find_v they_o for_o if_o they_o be_v in_o covert_n the_o property_n be_v not_o alter_v though_o they_o be_v there_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n wayfe_n catalla_n waviata_n when_o a_o thief_n upon_o hue_n and_o cry_n and_o pursuit_n
a_o treatise_n of_o the_o antiquity_n authority_n use_v and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o ancient_a court_n of_o leet_n or_o view_v of_o franck-pledge_a and_o of_o subordination_n of_o government_n derive_v from_o the_o institution_n of_o moses_n the_o first_o legislator_n and_o the_o first_o imitation_n of_o he_o in_o this_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n by_o king_n alfred_n and_o continue_v ever_o since_o together_o with_o addition_n and_o alteration_n of_o the_o modern_a law_n and_o statute_n inquirable_a at_o those_o court_n until_o this_o present_a year_n 1641._o with_o a_o large_a explication_n of_o the_o old_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n annex_v london_n print_v by_o r._n b._n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o g._n badger_n at_o the_o king_n head_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1641._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n assemble_v in_o the_o commons_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o in_o that_o numerous_a assembly_n to_o the_o worthy_a speaker_n his_o much_o honour_a john_n selden_n esquire_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o learned_a long_a robe_n this_o treatise_n of_o the_o most_o ancient_a court_n leet_n right_o honourable_a contain_v in_o it_o the_o several_a crime_n and_o offence_n there_o inquirable_a as_o well_o by_o the_o common_a law_n as_o by_o diverse_a statute_n whereof_o many_o of_o this_o great_a congregation_n have_v a_o vote_n and_o interest_n in_o the_o make_n it_o have_v be_v the_o work_n of_o many_o intercisive_a hour_n and_o have_v a_o whole_a winter-age_n under_o the_o oversight_n of_o a_o judge_n coke_n sir_n edward_n coke_n famous_a in_o his_o time_n sometime_o a_o honourable_a member_n of_o former_a parliament_n how_o it_o be_v entertain_v by_o he_o and_o with_o what_o benediction_n it_o return_v to_o the_o author_n from_o he_o be_v well_o know_v to_o a_o gentleman_n yet_o live_v his_o then_o amanuensis_fw-la since_o it_o please_v his_o late_a majesty_n attorney_n general_a upon_o a_o reference_n to_o he_o from_o his_o sacred_a majesty_n date_v december_n 1634._o esquire_n tho._n tesdall_n esquire_n to_o recommend_v the_o examination_n of_o this_o work_n and_o the_o statute_n therein_o cite_v to_o a_o able_a counsellor_n of_o grays-inn_n who_o after_o a_o deliberate_a perusal_n and_o consideration_n have_v of_o it_o do_v at_o the_o end_n thereof_o certify_v his_o opinion_n in_o these_o word_n i_o have_v serious_o peruse_v this_o tract_n concern_v court_n leet_n 1636._o 13._o july_n 1636._o and_o find_v it_o to_o be_v compile_v with_o much_o care_n and_o diligence_n and_o i_o conceive_v general_o well_o compose_v and_o useful_a to_o be_v publish_v not_o long_o after_o this_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o star-chamber_n intervening_a for_o limitation_n of_o the_o press_n upon_o some_o strict_a term_n this_o little_a creature_n have_v the_o happiness_n to_o be_v reserve_v for_o these_o long_o look_v for_o time_n the_o motive_n induce_v the_o publish_n of_o it_o be_v a_o threefold_a engagement_n of_o the_o author_n 1._o debitum_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la a_o debt_n due_a from_o he_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o expiation_n of_o the_o many_o lose_v and_o misspend_v hour_n of_o precious_a time_n 2._o it_o be_v debitum_fw-la professionis_fw-la a_o debt_n of_o his_o call_n or_o profession_n wherein_o every_o man_n be_v but_o a_o steward_n and_o must_v render_v a_o account_n he_o must_v not_o reponere_fw-la talentum_fw-la in_o sudario_fw-la but_o so_o order_n and_o improve_v it_o that_o he_o may_v be_v enable_v to_o cast_v if_o not_o a_o talon_n yet_o a_o mite_n into_o the_o common_a treasury_n 3._o aturedi_fw-la 3._o in_o vita_fw-la aturedi_fw-la it_o be_v debitum_fw-la promissionis_fw-la in_o praelo_fw-la a_o debt_n of_o promise_n and_o that_o in_o the_o press_n all_o legal_a promise_n especial_o those_o which_o be_v public_o attest_v be_v inviolable_o to_o be_v observe_v now_o the_o end_n of_o publish_v it_o be_v for_o the_o common_a good_a for_o sithenoe_v the_o leet_n be_v just_o term_v schola_fw-la insigniendi_fw-la juvenes_fw-la it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o the_o son_n and_o servant_n of_o farmer_n yeoman_n and_o other_o verse_v in_o rural_a affair_n shall_v be_v discipline_v in_o the_o law_n under_o the_o government_n whereof_o they_o live_v and_o have_v their_o protection_n and_o for_o their_o better_a instruction_n i_o have_v in_o the_o rehearsal_n of_o the_o several_a statute_n declare_v the_o pain_n and_o penalty_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o person_n who_o have_v not_o statute_n at_o large_a or_o abridgement_n reverend_a master_n crompton_n in_o the_o dedication_n of_o his_o justice_n of_o peace_n affirm_v that_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o set_v down_o the_o penalty_n and_o punishment_n due_a to_o every_o offence_n mention_v in_o the_o charge_n contain_v in_o that_o book_n in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o order_n and_o method_n prosecute_v by_o the_o honourable_a sir_n anthony_n fitzharbert_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o that_o subject_a and_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o usage_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n in_o their_o circuit_n deem_v it_o necessary_a to_o inform_v the_o people_n as_o well_o of_o the_o punishment_n as_o of_o the_o offence_n and_o if_o paruis_fw-la fas_fw-la sit_fw-la componere_fw-la magna_fw-la i_o have_v presume_v to_o take_v my_o pattern_n thence_o that_o offender_n may_v know_v the_o proportion_n of_o their_o pain_n as_o well_o as_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o crime_n and_o now_o right_o honourable_a this_o treatise_n together_o with_o the_o other_o annex_v the_o author_n do_v most_o submissive_o present_v unto_o this_o thrice_o honourable_a assembly_n humble_o implore_v the_o vouchsafement_n of_o your_o honourable_a licence_n and_o safe_a conduct_n for_o those_o innocent_a twin_n to_o pass_v cheerful_o into_o the_o world_n that_o they_o may_v be_v dispose_v and_o employ_v to_o that_o end_n for_o which_o they_o be_v compile_v as_o your_o honour_n shall_v think_v fit_a the_o god_n of_o all_o counsel_n and_o consolation_n be_v present_a and_o precedent_n in_o all_o your_o religious_a counsel_n and_o consultation_n and_o multiply_v his_o blessing_n upon_o this_o whole_a body_n as_o well_o in_o all_o your_o public_a as_o private_a affair_n for_o which_o the_o author_n will_v never_o cease_v incessant_o to_o pray_v rob._n powell_n the_o table_n of_o the_o several_a section_n in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o treatise_n the_o preface_n or_o introduction_n touch_v the_o occasion_n and_o original_a of_o law_n the_o first_o institution_n of_o subordination_n by_o moses_n the_o first_o promulgation_n of_o law_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o legal_a oath_n for_o administration_n of_o justice_n the_o first_o imitation_n of_o moses_n in_o this_o kingdom_n by_o king_n alfred_n the_o first_o division_n of_o this_o kingdom_n by_o king_n alfred_n into_o county_n hundred_o and_o tything_n the_o appointment_n of_o officer_n and_o make_v law_n for_o the_o better_a order_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o statute_n concern_v the_o approvement_n of_o wastes-wood_n etc._n etc._n and_o other_o law_n derive_v from_o the_o law_n of_o alfred_n cite_v by_o mr._n cambden_n the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v by_o jury_n in_o those_o subordinate_a court_n of_o county_n hundred_o etc._n etc._n all_o subordinate_a justice_n derive_v from_o the_o king_n and_o crown_n the_o most_o principal_a use_n of_o court_n leet_n stand_v upon_o three_o point_n the_o oath_n of_o legiance_n minister_v at_o those_o meeting_n first_o institute_v by_o king_n arthur_n three_o thing_n considerable_a in_o the_o keep_n of_o turn_v and_o leet_n 1._o time_n 2._o place_n 3._o person_n to_o answer_v a_o objection_n for_o the_o time_n that_o all_o leet_n be_v not_o keep_v infra_fw-la mensem_fw-la after_o easter_n and_o michaelmas_n in_o what_o case_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v a_o leet_n or_o franchise_n may_v be_v seize_v or_o forfeit_v or_o the_o lord_n damnify_v a_o direction_n for_o lord_n in_o choose_v their_o steward_n the_o property_n and_o quality_n which_o a_o steward_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o a_o steward_n in_o leet_n a_o steward_n power_n to_o impose_v a_o reasonable_a fine_n and_o such_o fine_n be_v not_o afferable_a nor_o traversable_a the_o remedy_n for_o recovery_n of_o fyne_n and_o amerciament_n in_o a_o leet_n certain_a caution_n in_o the_o take_n of_o distress_n the_o last_o act_n or_o period_n of_o proceed_n in_o a_o court_n leet_n be_v afferement_n the_o ministerial_a part_n of_o a_o court_n leet_n in_o the_o levy_n of_o fyne_n and_o amerciament_n assess_v a_o special_a caution_n for_o lord_n of_o leet_n against_o the_o farm_a out_o of_o their_o perquisites_n the_o antiquity_n authority_n use_v and_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n leet_n or_o view_v of_o frank_n pledge_n etc._n etc._n the_o preface_n or_o introduction_n touch_v the_o occasion_n and_o original_n of_o law_n whilst_o man_n stand_v in_o the_o state_n of_o innocency_n there_o be_v no_o sin_n and_o so_o no_o need_n of_o any_o write_v or_o positive_a
whether_o the_o robbery_n be_v commit_v in_o the_o day_n time_n or_o in_o the_o night_n case_n co._n lib._n r_o foe_o 6._o ashpole_n case_n the_o hundred_o shall_v not_o be_v liable_a but_o where_o the_o robbery_n or_o felony_n be_v commit_v in_o the_o day_n time_n yet_o if_o diverse_a do_v commit_v a_o robbery_n those_o of_o the_o hundred_o ought_v to_o apprehend_v all_o the_o felon_n for_o though_o they_o apprehend_v some_o of_o they_o yet_o that_o will_v not_o suffice_v to_o excuse_v they_o unless_o they_o apprehend_v all_o of_o they_o by_o that_o statute_n of_o 13._o edw._n 1._o but_o now_o it_o be_v qualify_v in_o that_o point_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27._o eliz._n cap._n 13._o by_o which_o if_o any_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o any_o town_n village_n or_o hamlet_n next_o to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o robbery_n be_v do_v do_v in_o their_o pursuit_n apprehend_v any_o of_o the_o offender_n that_o shall_v excuse_v they_o though_o all_o be_v not_o take_v the_o statute_n concern_v the_o approvement_n of_o waste_n wood_n etc._n etc._n and_o other_o law_n derive_v from_o the_o law_n of_o alfred_n cite_v by_o m._n cambden_n from_o that_o law_n of_o king_n alfred_n the_o statute_n of_o 13._o edw._n 1._o cap._n 46._o concern_v approvement_n of_o waste_v wood_n and_o pasture_n may_v seem_v to_o borrow_v its_o light_n whereby_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o if_o any_o have_v right_o to_o approve_v do_v levy_v a_o dike_n or_o a_o hedge_n and_o some_o by_o night_n or_o at_o any_o other_o season_n when_o they_o suppose_v not_o to_o be_v espy_v do_v overthrow_v the_o hedge_n or_o dike_n and_o man_n of_o the_o town_n near_o will_v not_o indict_v such_o as_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o fact_n the_o town_n near_o adjoin_v shall_v be_v distrain_v to_o levy_v the_o dike_n or_o hedge_n at_o their_o own_o cost_n and_o to_o yield_v damage_n at_o the_o common_a law_n if_o one_o be_v slay_v in_o any_o town_n in_o the_o day_n time_n so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v plain_a day_n light_n and_o the_o man-killer_n do_v escape_v the_o town_n where_o the_o felony_n be_v commit_v shall_v be_v amerce_v for_o it_o dum_fw-la quis_fw-la felonicè_fw-la occisus_fw-la fuit_fw-la per_fw-la diem_fw-la nisi_fw-la felo_fw-la captus_fw-la fuit_fw-la tota_fw-la villata_n illa_fw-la oneretur_fw-la this_o i_o think_v pertinent_a to_o my_o present_a discourse_n to_o parallel_v that_o ancient_a law_n of_o omnes_fw-la ex_fw-la centuria_fw-la &_o decima_fw-la regis_fw-la mulctam_fw-la incurrerent_fw-la with_o our_o latter_a law_n whereby_o towneship_n be_v onerable_a upon_o the_o escape_n or_o not_o apprehend_v of_o offender_n in_o certain_a case_n beside_o that_o good_a and_o profitable_a law_n among_o many_o other_o that_o gracious_a prince_n do_v further_a decree_n that_o the_o decurio_fw-la or_o tything_n man_n may_v judge_v of_o small_a matter_n and_o the_o centurio_n or_o constable_n of_o great_a matter_n and_o at_o the_o fiequent_a meeting_n in_o every_o satrapie_n or_o shire_n now_o call_v county_n court_n the_o senator_n or_o greve_n be_v to_o hear_v and_o determine_v matter_n of_o great_a difficulty_n and_o moment_n king_n edward_z then_z succeed_v who_o make_v a_o law_n de_fw-fr diebus_fw-la cogendi_fw-la populi_fw-la 51._o edw._n sen_fw-la an._n 900_o lamb._n foe_o 51._o that_o every_o greve_n &_o praepositus_fw-la cuique_fw-la shall_v every_o month_n call_v the_o people_n together_o do_v every_o man_n right_a and_o decide_v all_o controversy_n which_o confirm_v the_o use_n of_o the_o county_n court_n king_n edgar_z make_v a_o law_n de_fw-fr comitiis_fw-la centuriae_fw-la comitiis_fw-la quilibet_fw-la interesto_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v 599._o edgar_n anno_fw-la 599._o let_v every_o man_n be_v present_a at_o the_o leet_n or_o meeting_n of_o hundred_o but_o out_o of_o every_o shire_n let_v there_o be_v a_o more_o famous_a meeting_n twice_o a_o year_n celeberrimus_fw-la autem_fw-la bis_fw-la quotannis_fw-la conventus_fw-la agitor_fw-la and_o this_o be_v now_o the_o sheriff_n turn_n this_o king_n do_v far_a decree_n 80._o lamb._n foe_o 80._o that_o each_o person_n shall_v find_v pledge_n who_o may_v bring_v he_o forth_o to_o render_v every_o man_n his_o own_o cuique_fw-la fidejussores_fw-la qui_fw-la eum_fw-la jus_o suum_fw-la cuique_fw-la tribuere_fw-la quam_fw-la paratissimum_fw-la praestent_fw-la adhibeto_fw-la the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v by_o jury_n in_o those_o subordinate_a court_n of_o county_n hundred_o etc._n etc._n now_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v at_o that_o time_n in_o those_o meeting_n call_v centuriae_fw-la comitiis_fw-la &_o satrapiae_fw-la comitiis_fw-la now_o call_v court_n leet_n and_o sheriff_n turn_n do_v appear_v by_o a_o law_n practise_v in_o those_o day_n and_o after_o revive_v by_o king_n etheldred_n who_o live_v anno_fw-la 979._o which_v thus_o ensue_v in_o singulis_fw-la centuriis_fw-la comitia_fw-la sunto_fw-la at_o que_fw-la liberae_fw-la conditionis_fw-la viri_fw-la duodeni_fw-la aetate_fw-la superiores_fw-la verbo_fw-la lamb._n expel_v verbo_fw-la unâ_fw-la cum_fw-la praeposito_fw-la sacra_fw-la tenentes_fw-la juranto_n se_fw-la non_fw-la innocentem_fw-la damnaturos_fw-la sontémve_fw-la absoluturos_fw-la let_v there_o be_v meeting_n in_o every_o hundred_o and_o let_v twelve_o freeman_n of_o the_o better_a sort_n together_o with_o the_o chief_a pledge_n swear_v upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n not_o to_o condemn_v the_o innocent_a nor_o to_o acquit_v the_o nocent_a that_o be_v to_o do_v every_o man_n right_o i_o will_v pass_v over_o many_o good_a law_n before_o the_o conquest_n let_v we_o cast_v our_o eye_n a_o little_a near_o and_o see_v how_o the_o counsel_n of_o jethro_n to_o moses_n have_v be_v since_o pursue_v bracton_n a_o learned_a and_o famous_a common_a lawyer_n who_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 3._o from_o the_o conquest_n write_v of_o the_o practice_n and_o duty_n of_o king_n rex_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alius_fw-la debet_fw-la judicare_fw-la etc._n etc._n 2._o bract._n l._n 2._o cap._n 2._o the_o king_n and_o none_o else_o ought_v to_o judge_n if_o he_o alone_o be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o since_o he_o be_v bind_v thereto_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o oath_n and_o there_o before_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o exercise_v the_o power_n of_o law_n as_o god_n vicegerent_n and_o minister_v on_o earth_n sin_n autem_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la ad_fw-la singulas_fw-la causas_fw-la determinandas_fw-la non_fw-la sufficiat_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o if_o the_o king_n be_v not_o able_a to_o determine_v all_o cause_n that_o his_o labour_n may_v be_v the_o easy_a in_o plures_fw-la personas_fw-la partito_fw-la onere_fw-la eligere_fw-la debet_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la svo_fw-la viros_fw-la sapientes_fw-la &_o timentes_fw-la deum_fw-la in_fw-la quibus_fw-la sit_fw-la veritas_fw-la eloquiorum_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la oderunt_fw-la avaritiam_fw-la quae_fw-la inducit_fw-la cupiditatem_fw-la et_fw-la ex_fw-la illis_fw-la constituere_fw-la justiciarios_fw-la vicecomites_fw-la &_o alios_fw-la ministros_fw-la &_o ballivos_fw-la suos_fw-la ad_fw-la quos_fw-la referantur_fw-la tam_fw-la quaestiones_fw-la super_fw-la dubâ—is_fw-la quam_fw-la querimoniae_fw-la super_fw-la injuriis_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o ought_v to_o choose_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n wise_a man_n fear_v god_n and_o hate_v coverousnesse_n and_o out_o of_o they_o to_o appoint_v justice_n sheriff_n and_o other_o minister_n to_o decide_v question_n of_o doubt_n and_o to_o redress_v injury_n etc._n etc._n all_o subordinate_a justice_n derive_v from_o the_o king_n and_o crown_n in_o a_o cause_n of_o replevin_n upon_o a_o distress_n for_o a_o amerciament_n in_o a_o leet_n 18_o 12_o henâ—_n â—_z 18_o fineux_n then_o chief_a justice_n in_o his_o grave_n and_o learned_a argument_n affirm_v that_o at_o the_o first_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n be_v in_o one_o hand_n and_o in_o the_o crown_n and_o then_o afterward_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n the_o administration_n of_o justice_n be_v divide_v into_o county_n and_o the_o power_n be_v commit_v to_o a_o depatie_n in_o every_o county_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o sheriff_n who_o be_v bailiff_n and_o deputy_n to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v assign_v for_o conservation_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o to_o punish_v offender_n and_o to_o defend_v the_o realm_n upon_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n to_o be_v attendant_a upon_o the_o king_n in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o to_o cause_v all_o his_o people_n within_o his_o county_n to_o go_v with_o he_o for_o defence_n of_o his_o land_n and_o for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o the_o county_n and_o correction_n of_o offender_n there_o be_v two_o court_n assign_v to_o he_o viz._n the_o county_n court_n hold_v every_o month_n and_o the_o sheriff_n turn_n hold_v twice_o every_o year_n by_o which_o two_o court_n the_o whole_a county_n be_v govern_v the_o county_n court_n be_v for_o one_o man_n to_o have_v remedy_n against_o another_o for_o any_o thing_n between_o they_o under_o 40._o shilling_n and_o the_o sheriff_n turn_n unto_o which_o every_o man_n within_o the_o county_n of_o a_o certain_a age_n shall_v come_v and_o be_v compel_v to_o come_v that_o
when_o man_n ought_v to_o intend_v devotion_n and_o other_o work_v of_o charity_n for_o remedy_n of_o their_o soul_n and_o sometime_o after_o the_o gule_a of_o harvest_n when_o every_o man_n almost_o be_v busy_v about_o the_o cut_n and_o carry_v of_o his_o corre_n 15._o plough_v foe_fw-mi 316._o b._n the_o calends_o of_o aug._n or_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n peter_n ad_fw-la vincula_fw-la 31._o edward_n 3._o ca._n 15._o whereby_o the_o people_n be_v much_o grieve_v and_o disquiet_v king_n edward_n the_o three_o upon_o the_o grievious_a complaint_n of_o his_o commons_o desire_v the_o quietness_n of_o his_o people_n do_v ordain_v and_o establish_v that_o every_o sheriff_n from_o thenceforth_o shall_v make_v his_o turn_v yearly_a one_o time_n within_o the_o month_n after_o easter_n and_o another_o time_n within_o the_o month_n after_o saint_n michael_n and_o if_o they_o hold_v they_o in_o other_o manner_n that_o then_o they_o shall_v lose_v their_o turn_v for_o the_o time_n as_o it_o be_v restrain_v in_o time_n place_n 2_o place_n so_o it_o be_v to_o place_n and_o person_n it_o must_v be_v keep_v within_o the_o precinct_n and_o liberty_n in_o loco_fw-la debito_fw-la et_fw-la consueto_fw-la if_o it_o be_v hold_v otherwise_o it_o be_v coram_fw-la nonjudice_n and_o the_o matter_n of_o cognizance_n must_v be_v within_o the_o view_n for_o 41._o edward_n 3._o foe_n 31._o kyrton_n cite_v a_o case_n wherein_o the_o lord_n avow_v the_o take_n of_o a_o amerciament_n for_o the_o stop_n of_o a_o highway_n which_o in_o rei_fw-la veritate_fw-la be_v out_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o view_n and_o therefore_o the_o plaintiff_n recover_v damage_n if_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v keep_v his_o turn_v in_o loco_fw-la in_o consueto_fw-la he_o may_v be_v indict_v and_o punish_v for_o it_o person_n 3_o person_n dyer_n 151._o as_o for_o the_o person_n although_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n arthur_n omnes_fw-la proceres_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &c._n &c._n be_v to_o swear_v and_o do_v their_o suit_n real_a in_o pleno_fw-la folkmote_a yet_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n 11._o marl_n ca._n 11._o it_o be_v thus_o provide_v by_o way_n of_o restraint_n de_fw-fr turnie_n vicec_fw-fr provisum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la necesse_fw-la non_fw-la habeant_fw-la ibi_fw-la venire_fw-la archiep_n scopi_fw-la episcopi_fw-la abbates_n priores_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n nec_fw-la aliqui_fw-la viri_fw-la religiosi_fw-la seu_fw-la mulieres_fw-la nisi_fw-la corum_fw-la praesentia_fw-la ob_fw-la aliam_fw-la causam_fw-la specialiter_fw-la exigatur_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o by_o this_o statute_n all_o clergy_n and_o religious_a man_n all_o earl_n baron_n and_o all_o woman_n be_v except_v and_o exempt_v and_o by_o the_o law_n all_o other_o people_n under_o the_o age_n of_o 12._o year_n their_o presence_n be_v not_o necessary_a there_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v never_o swear_v upon_o any_o inquest_n but_o all_o freeholder_n terrtennant_n and_o other_o person_n inhabit_v within_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o leet_n aught_o to_o appear_v and_o do_v their_o suit_n and_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesne_fw-la be_v not_o bind_v to_o come_v to_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v and_o consequent_o not_o to_o any_o leet_n if_o any_o of_o the_o say_a person_n mention_v to_o be_v exempt_v 158.161_o fitzâ—_n na_o bre._n f._n 158.161_o or_o if_o any_o in_o wardship_n to_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v distreyn_v to_o do_v their_o fuite_n the_o law_n have_v provide_v several_a form_n of_o writ_n de_fw-fr exoneratione_fw-la sectae_fw-la for_o discharge_v of_o every_o of_o they_o whatsoever_o the_o law_n prescribe_v or_o restreine_n in_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v 22._o broo._n leet_n 26_o 22_o edw._n 4_o 22._o the_o same_o be_v bind_v in_o a_o court_n leet_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v for_o law_n that_o the_o power_n of_o a_o sheriffein_o the_o town_n and_o a_o steward_n in_o the_o leet_n be_v all_o one_o only_o the_o leet_n have_v power_n to_o inquire_v and_o take_v presentment_n of_o nuisance_n and_o offence_n aswell_o in_o the_o court_n after_o the_o feast_n of_o easter_n as_o after_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n michael_n 11_o fitzâ—_n leet_n 11_o whereas_o the_o sheriff_n in_o his_o turn_v after_o easter_n ought_v not_o to_o inquire_v of_o any_o action_n popular_a etc._n etc._n but_o only_o to_o take_v suit_n of_o the_o resiant_n and_o other_o suitor_n and_o to_o take_v the_o view_n quod_fw-la trithinga_fw-mi teneantur_fw-la scilicet_fw-la that_o all_o above_o the_o age_n of_o 12._o year_n come_v and_o appear_v there_o to_o do_v their_o suit_n and_o to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o legiance_n if_o they_o be_v not_o swear_v before_o for_o after_o a_o person_n be_v once_o juratus_fw-la in_o decennaria_fw-la or_o ad_fw-la fidem_fw-la &_o legeanciam_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la he_o be_v not_o compellable_n to_o be_v swear_v again_o as_o a_o leet_n be_v derive_v by_o grant_n from_o the_o crown_n leet_n forseiture_n of_o a_o leet_n so_o by_o divers_a cause_n that_o may_v be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o return_v to_o the_o crown_n again_o and_o if_o for_o any_o just_a cause_n it_o be_v forfeit_v and_o seize_v then_o must_v the_o resiant_n and_o suitor_n again_o attend_v and_o do_v their_o suit_n at_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v and_o what_o be_v omit_v in_o the_o turn_v may_v be_v present_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n for_o in_o the_o case_n of_o john_n charneles_a edward_n the_o three_o belknappe_n set_v forth_o the_o law_n to_o be_v that_o if_o a_o thing_n be_v not_o present_v within_o the_o lord_n view_v than_o it_o shall_v be_v present_v in_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v and_o for_o default_n there_o it_o shall_v be_v present_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n when_o the_o king_n come_v into_o the_o country_n by_o which_o it_o plain_o appear_v as_o before_o be_v express_v that_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v at_o first_o whole_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n and_o immediate_o derive_v from_o his_o person_n to_o subaltern_a officer_n to_o answer_v one_o objection_n for_o the_o time_n that_o all_o leet_n be_v not_o keep_v strict_o infra_fw-la mensem_fw-la after_o easter_n and_o michaelmas_n where_o there_o be_v ancient_a customary_a court_n of_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesne_fw-la or_o such_o like_a that_o be_v ever_o exempt_v from_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v and_o the_o lord_n of_o such_o land_n have_v their_o own_o turn_v that_o of_o easter_n be_v call_v turnus_n de_fw-fr hockday_n and_o that_o of_o michaelmas_n turnus_n sancti_fw-la martini_n as_o in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o winton_n and_o other_o place_n those_o court_n be_v leave_v to_o their_o arbitrary_a keep_n either_o before_o or_o after_o the_o month_n or_o at_o other_o set_a time_n according_a to_o their_o ancient_a respective_a custom_n and_o not_o restrain_v by_o any_o statute_n britton_n the_o tenor_n of_o who_o learned_a work_n run_v in_o the_o king_n name_n edward_z 1._o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v pen_v by_o himself_o answerable_a to_o justinian_o institutes_n do_v there_o in_o the_o first_o salutation_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n with_o edwardus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la etc._n etc._n set_v forth_o that_o because_o his_o peace_n can_v not_o well_o have_v its_o be_v without_o law_n he_o cause_v the_o law_n then_o use_v in_o this_o realm_n to_o be_v put_v in_o writing_n and_o do_v thereby_o command_v a_o strict_a observation_n thereof_o in_o all_o thing_n save_v a_o power_n to_o repeal_v alter_v and_o amend_v all_o such_o thing_n as_o shall_v seem_v meet_a unto_o he_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o earl_n baron_n and_o other_o of_o his_o council_n and_o save_v all_o custom_n unto_o those_o as_o by_o prescription_n use_v the_o same_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n so_o as_o those_o usage_n be_v not_o discordant_a unto_o right_n at_o that_o time_n be_v 5._o edward_n 1._o those_o ancient_a customary_a turn_v within_o many_o particular_a lordship_n be_v in_o use_n not_o subject_a to_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v and_o so_o not_o within_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 31._o edward_n 3._o cap._n 15._o which_o being_n make_v long_o after_o extend_v not_o to_o any_o leet_n but_o such_o as_o be_v and_o be_v derive_v out_o of_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v and_o so_o it_o be_v admit_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o the_o leet_n of_o another_o lord_n be_v not_o within_o the_o statute_n but_o the_o leet_n of_o the_o turn_v brook_n leet_n 21.6_o hen._n 7.2_o and_o so_o by_o necessary_a consequence_n all_o leete_v derive_v out_o of_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v and_o no_o other_o in_o what_o case_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v a_o leete_n or_o franchise_n may_v be_v seize_v or_o forfeit_v or_o the_o lord_n damnify_v in_o all_o grant_n of_o any_o liberty_n or_o franchise_n there_o be_v common_o two_o condition_n one_o in_o facto_fw-la which_o be_v always_o explicit_a as_o to_o pay_v money_n or_o to_o do_v or_o not_o to_o do_v any_o other_o act_n etc._n etc._n 2._o
condition_n in_o league_n which_o be_v tacit_a and_o implicit_a create_v by_o law_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o condition_n in_o law_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n 1._o the_o one_o which_o be_v found_v upon_o a_o confidence_n and_o skill_n 2._o the_o other_o without_o either_o of_o these_o there_o be_v 3._o cause_n arise_v from_o the_o violation_n of_o trust_n or_o confidence_n and_o want_v or_o privation_n of_o skill_n which_o induce_v a_o forfeiture_n aswell_o of_o office_n as_o of_o franch_n ses_fw-fr that_o be_v to_o say_v 1._o abuser_n 2._o non_fw-fr user_fw-fr 3._o refuser_fw-fr all_o which_o i_o will_v but_o summary_o touch_v and_o they_o may_v all_o three_o proceed_v 1._o either_o from_o ignorance_n 2._o or_o from_o wilfulness_n abuser_n it_o be_v say_v by_o m._n kitchen_n that_o court_n leet_n be_v to_o be_v forfeit_v in_o quo_fw-la warrant_n which_o be_v keep_v by_o ignorant_a steward_n some_o make_v a_o doubt_n of_o it_o in_o office_n which_o concern_v the_o mere_a and_o only_a private_a profit_n of_o the_o lord_n without_o damage_n to_o the_o weal_n public_a the_o ignorance_n of_o a_o steward_n can_v be_v no_o cause_n of_o schism_n but_o in_o office_n concern_v administration_n of_o justice_n pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi publico_fw-la as_o a_o leet_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o franchise_n may_v be_v forfeit_v the_o steward_n of_o thelibertie_n of_o the_o abbot_n of_o crowland_n 145._o crompt_v jur._n so_o 145._o by_o colour_n of_o his_o liberty_n of_o infang-theefe_n adjudge_v a_o man_n to_o death_n and_o for_o this_o the_o liberty_n be_v seize_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n et_fw-la nulla_fw-la poena_fw-la senescallo_fw-la for_o quicquid_fw-la justicia_fw-la fecerit_fw-la de_fw-la recordo_fw-la ignoranter_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la defect_n scientiae_fw-la non_fw-la erit_fw-la proeopunitus_fw-la 2_o ric._n 3._o foe_n 10._o a_o lord_n of_o a_o leet_n be_v fine_v forty_o shilling_n for_o that_o his_o steward_n take_v a_o indict_v ment_fw-mi de_fw-fr morte_fw-la de_fw-fr home_n in_o his_o leet_n which_o do_v not_o belong_v unto_o it_o and_o so_o encroach_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o also_o take_v a_o indictment_n of_o a_o robbery_n do_v out_o of_o his_o franchise_n in_o another_o county_n brook_z in_o finibus_fw-la pur_fw-it contempt_n 49._o cite_v 41._o ass_n p._n 30._o if_o the_o lord_n do_v hold_v his_o leet_n at_o any_o time_n after_o the_o month_n from_o easter_n and_o michaelmas_n it_o be_v void_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 31._o e._n 3.15_o and_o all_o presentment_n void_a and_o the_o lord_n shall_v lose_v his_o profit_n brook_z leet_n 17._o and_o 21._o non_fw-fr user_fw-fr assize_n of_o bread_n and_o beer_n and_o pillory_n and_o tumbril_n be_v appendant_a to_o the_o view_n of_o franck-pledge_a where_o a_o man_n have_v they_o by_o a_o grant_n from_o the_o king_n if_o he_o do_v not_o keep_v pillory_n and_o tumbril_n he_o lose_v his_o office_n brook_n quowar_n 8._o refuser_fw-fr the_o abbot_n of_o s._n albon_n have_v the_o grant_n of_o a_o gaol_n detain_v the_o prisoner_n for_o that_o he_o will_v not_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n to_o sue_v out_o a_o commission_n for_o their_o delivery_n the_o king_n seize_v the_o franchise_n into_o his_o hand_n 8._o hen._n 4.18_o a_o direction_n for_o lord_n in_o choose_v of_o their_o steward_n since_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o ancient_a court_n be_v liable_a upon_o just_a cause_n of_o for_o feiture_n and_o seizure_n into_o the_o king_n hand_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o lord_n of_o liberty_n as_o well_o for_o prevention_n of_o their_o own_o inconvenience_n as_o for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o the_o country_n by_o due_a execution_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v select_v choose_v and_o appoint_v out_o of_o man_n treyn_v up_o in_o the_o study_n of_o the_o provincial_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n such_o as_o must_v have_v the_o four_o property_n of_o jethro_n his_o counsel_n able_a man_n such_o as_o must_v be_v viri_fw-la potentes_fw-la not_o in_o strength_n of_o body_n but_o in_o courage_n of_o mind_n 2._o they_o must_v be_v viri_fw-la timentes_fw-la deum_fw-la that_o fear_n god_n and_o not_o the_o face_n of_o man_n he_o that_o have_v this_o virtue_n want_v none_o and_o he_o that_o want_v this_o be_v open_a to_o injustice_n oppression_n malice_n and_o all_o other_o enormous_a impiety_n 3._o they_o must_v be_v amantes_fw-la veritatem_fw-la it_o be_v s._n paul_n counsel_n ephes_n 6.14_o stand_v therefore_o and_o your_o loin_n gird_v about_o with_o verity_n and_o have_v on_o the_o breastplate_n of_o righteousness_n etc._n etc._n 4._o they_o must_v be_v abhorrentes_fw-la avaritiam_fw-la the_o root_n from_o whence_o all_o evil_n grow_v 1_o tim._n 6.10_o that_o which_o as_o bracton_n say_v do_v inducere_fw-la cupiditatem_fw-la when_o samuel_n his_o son_n be_v judge_n over_o israel_n it_o be_v a_o brand_n upon_o they_o they_o walk_v not_o in_o his_o way_n but_o turn_v aside_o after_o lucre_n and_o take_v reward_n and_o pervert_v judgement_n 1_o sam._n 8.3_o the_o property_n and_o quality_n which_o a_o steward_n ought_v to_o have_v f_o let_v a_o describe_v the_o office_n of_o a_o steward_n and_z giveth_z counsel_n unto_o lord_n of_o manor_n and_o liberty_n to_o provide_v or_o elect_a their_o steward_n in_o these_o word_n provideat_fw-la sibi_fw-la dominus_fw-la de_fw-la senescallo_fw-la circumspecto_fw-la &_o fideli_fw-la viro_fw-la provido_fw-la &_o discreto_fw-la &_o gratioso_fw-la humili_fw-la pudico_fw-la pacifico_fw-la &_o modesto_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o legibus_fw-la consuetudin_fw-mi busque_fw-la provinciae_fw-la &_o officio_fw-la senescaleiae_fw-la se_fw-la cognoscat_fw-la &_o jura_fw-la domini_fw-la svi_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la teneri_fw-la affectet_fw-la quique_fw-la subballivos_fw-la domini_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la erroribus_fw-la &_o ambiguis_fw-la sciat_fw-la instruere_fw-la '_o &_o docere_fw-la quique_fw-la egenis_fw-la parcere_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la nec_fw-la prece_fw-la vel_fw-la pretio_fw-la velit_fw-la a_o justitiae_fw-la tramite_fw-la deviare_fw-la &_o perverse_a judicare_fw-la cujus_fw-la officium_fw-la est_fw-la curias_n tenere_fw-la maneriorum_fw-la &_o de_fw-la substractationibus_fw-la consuetudinum_fw-la servitiorum_fw-la reddituum_fw-la sectarum_fw-la ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la mercata_fw-la molendina_fw-la domini_fw-la &_o advisus_fw-la franciplegiorum_fw-la aliariumque_fw-la libertatum_fw-la domino_fw-la pertinentium_fw-la inquirat_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o which_o description_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o a_o steward_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o double_a qualification_n 1_o in_o moralibus_fw-la 2_o in_o judicialibus_fw-la whereby_o he_o must_v be_v guide_v as_o well_o in_o the_o keep_n of_o court_n baron_n for_o the_o profit_n of_o his_o lord_n as_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o he_o in_o the_o government_n of_o leet_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o common_a weal_n 1_o in_o moralibus_fw-la a_o steward_n must_v be_v qualify_v with_o these_o property_n before_o mention_v circumspection_n fidelity_n providence_n discretion_n humility_n peace_n and_o modesty_n which_o may_v be_v reduce_v into_o these_o two_o general_n s._n verity_n and_o industry_n the_o one_o proceed_v from_o the_o heart_n the_o other_o from_o the_o hand_n his_o diligence_n or_o industry_n must_v be_v temper_v with_o 1_o circumspection_n 2_o providence_n 3_o discretion_n otherwise_o it_o may_v incur_v the_o peril_n of_o temeritie_n and_o precipitance_n which_o common_o prove_v fatal_a in_o all_o action_n canis_fw-la festinans_fw-la caecos_fw-la parit_fw-la catulos_fw-la his_o verity_n must_v be_v attend_v with_o fidelity_n epist_n co._n l._n 5._o epist_n humility_n peace_n and_o modesty_n veritas_fw-la secum_fw-la ducit_fw-la comites_fw-la simplicitatem_fw-la unitatem_fw-la &_o pacem_fw-la tandem_fw-la 2._o judicialibus_fw-la and_o therein_o he_o must_v be_v attend_v with_o four_o property_n 1_o scientia_fw-la he_o must_v know_v himself_o or_o be_v expert_a in_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o country_n and_o have_v ability_n to_o instruct_v or_o direct_v the_o bailiff_n and_o other_o minister_n in_o dubious_a thing_n wherein_o they_o may_v err_v 2._o misericordia_fw-la he_o must_v spare_v the_o poor_a not_o rack_n poor_a tenant_n nor_o grind_v their_o face_n he_o must_v not_o be_v outrageous_a in_o impose_v excessive_a fine_n in_o the_o leet_n but_o as_o judge_n in_o other_o court_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v moderate_a and_o discreet_a secundum_fw-la quantitatem_fw-la delicti_fw-la not_o beyond_o the_o dimension_n of_o the_o offence_n for_o excessive_a amerciament_n be_v against_o the_o law_n excessus_fw-la in_o re_fw-la qualibet_fw-la jure_fw-la communi_fw-la reprobatur_fw-la coo._n li._n 11._o foe_n 42._o mercy_n and_o truth_n must_v meet_v together_o righteousness_n and_o peace_n must_v kiss_v each_o other_o psal_n 85.10_o 3_o justitia_fw-la the_o prince_n of_o virtue_n the_o faithful_a companion_n of_o this_o life_n without_o which_o no_o humane_a society_n can_v subsist_v justice_n know_v no_o father_n mother_n nor_o brother_n persona_fw-la non_fw-la accipit_fw-la sed_fw-la deum_fw-la imitatur_fw-la a_o steward_n must_v put_v on_o this_o armour_n and_o must_v neither_o be_v draw_v by_o price_n nor_o prayer_n neither_o by_o lucratotie_a
for_o that_o the_o offence_n do_v arise_v upon_o the_o person_n of_o the_o offender_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v estreat_v upon_o his_o person_n and_o not_o upon_o the_o issue_n of_o his_o land_n 41_o ed._n 3.26_o in_o some_o case_n the_o distress_n may_v be_v of_o another_o man_n good_n upon_o the_o land_n of_o the_o amercee_n as_o if_o a_o man_n do_v hold_v land_n of_o a_o leet_n by_o the_o service_n of_o crier_n of_o the_o court_n or_o the_o like_a and_o be_v amercy_v for_o neglect_v of_o his_o service_n a_o lord_n may_v distreyne_v the_o beast_n of_o any_o other_o upon_o the_o land_n so_o hold_v 47_o edward_n 3_o folio_n 13.12_o henry_n 7.15_o and_o the_o reason_n for_o that_o the_o offence_n do_v arise_v ratione_fw-la tenurae_fw-la or_o soli_fw-la 41_o edward_n 3.26_o certain_a caution_n in_o the_o take_n of_o distress_n a_o lord_n can_v distreyn_n for_o amerciament_n in_o a_o leet_n in_o any_o land_n seize_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n for_o the_o king_n debt_n for_o that_o the_o place_n be_v privilege_v and_o the_o right_n of_o distress_n suspend_v for_o that_o time_n for_o as_o the_o king_n can_v be_v amercy_v so_o by_o consequence_n his_o land_n be_v out_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o a_o leet_n 8._o bro._n leet_n 8._o and_o the_o distress_n tortuous_a and_o so_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o finchden_n in_o the_o case_n of_o sudbury_n bishop_n of_o london_n upon_o a_o replevin_n inter_fw-la norwiche_n &_o manley_n 47_o edward_n 3.13_o he_o can_v distreine_v the_o horse_n of_o a_o stranger_n in_o the_o stable_a or_o osterie_n of_o the_o party_n amercy_v nor_o the_o garment_n of_o another_o in_o a_o tailor_n shop_n where_o the_o tailor_n be_v amercy_v and_o so_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o keble_n 10_o henry_n 7.21_o if_o upon_o a_o distress_n take_v the_o amerciament_n fine_o or_o other_o duty_n be_v tender_v and_o satisfaction_n offer_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v accept_v 8._o bro._n distress_n 8._o and_o in_o case_n it_o be_v refuse_v and_o the_o distreynee_v put_v to_o a_o replevin_n the_o lord_n shall_v not_o have_v return_n for_o a_o distress_n be_v but_o a_o gage_n or_o pledge_v for_o a_o duty_n which_o be_v offer_v the_o lord_n ought_v to_o deliver_v the_o gage_n a_o lord_n may_v not_o distreyne_v a_o millstone_n parcel_n of_o a_o mill_n nor_o door_n nor_o window_n nor_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v fix_v unto_o or_o parcel_n of_o a_o freehold_n 14_o henry_n 8.25_o the_o distress_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v excessive_a for_o excessive_a distress_n be_v forbid_v by_o the_o common_a law_n 41_o edward_n 3_o folio_n 26._o as_o for_o the_o amerciament_n of_o two_o shilling_n or_o such_o like_a to_o take_v two_o or_o three_o horse_n be_v outrageous_a and_o excessive_a the_o last_o act_n or_o period_n of_o proceed_n in_o a_o court_n leete_n be_v afferment_n afferement_n be_v as_o much_o as_o ponere_fw-la in_o certitudinem_fw-la seu_fw-la taxare_fw-la to_o assess_v or_o tax_v derive_v from_o the_o french_a word_n the_o subject_a of_o this_o act_n be_v call_v amerciament_n in_o latin_a misericordia_fw-la and_o it_o be_v describe_v by_o a_o ancient_a writer_n glanvill_n lib._n 9_o cap._n 11_o in_o this_o wise_a est_fw-la autem_fw-la misericordia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la quâ_fw-la quis_fw-la per_fw-la juramentum_fw-la legalium_fw-la hominum_fw-la de_fw-la vicineto_fw-la eatenus_fw-la amerciandus_fw-la est_fw-la ne_fw-la aliquid_fw-la de_fw-fr svo_fw-la honorabili_fw-la contenemento_fw-it amittat_fw-la and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 15_o and_o westm_n 10.6_o libre_fw-la homo_fw-la non_fw-la amercietur_fw-la etc._n etc._n nisi_fw-la per_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la parium_fw-la suorum_fw-la viz._n proborum_fw-la &_o legalium_fw-la hominum_fw-la de_fw-la vicineto_fw-la qui_fw-la facultatum_fw-la suarum_fw-la noticiam_fw-la habeant_fw-la pleniorem_fw-la as_o it_o be_v recite_v by_o fleta_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 48._o that_o be_v amerciament_n be_v to_o be_v assess_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o equal_n good_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o vicinage_n or_o neighbourhood_n who_o have_v the_o better_a knowledge_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o ability_n of_o the_o amercees_o the_o party_n to_o this_o act_n be_v the_o steward_n and_o the_o country_n or_o pares_fw-la and_o these_o pares_fw-la or_o probi_fw-la homines_fw-la be_v according_a to_o modern_a practice_n choose_v at_o the_o leet_n out_o of_o the_o jury_n by_o the_o steward_n to_o tax_v and_o afferre_fw-la the_o amerciament_n indifferent_o not_o to_o wrong_v any_o for_o hatred_n nor_o to_o spare_v any_o for_o favour_n etc._n etc._n which_o oath_n by_o bracton_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 1._o foe_n 116._o be_v thus_o declare_v et_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la fideliter_fw-la faciendum_fw-la speak_v before_o ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la videndum_fw-la qualiter_fw-la quis_fw-la sit_fw-la amerciandus_fw-la etc._n etc._n affidabunt_fw-la amerciatores_fw-la quod_fw-la neminem_fw-la gravabunt_fw-la per_fw-la odium_fw-la nec_fw-la alicui_fw-la deferent_a propter_fw-la amorem_fw-la et_fw-la quod_fw-la celabunt_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la audiverunt_fw-la 38_o edward_n 3_o foe_n 3.9_o as_o if_o one_o be_v amercy_v upon_o a_o presentment_n in_o a_o leete_n for_o not_o repair_v a_o bridge_n or_o a_o highway_n the_o manner_n of_o entry_n up_o on_o the_o court_n book_n and_o roll_n must_v be_v ideo_fw-la in_o mia_fw-la et_fw-la amerciamentum_fw-la inde_fw-la afferatur_fw-la per_fw-la afferatores_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la curia_fw-la ad_fw-la tunc_fw-la electos_fw-la et_fw-la juratos_fw-la ad_fw-la 20s._o rastall_a intrat_fw-la do_fw-mi trus_fw-la in_o amerciam_fw-la 2._o so_o that_o the_o steward_n can_v tax_v or_o afferre_fw-la a_o amerciament_n upon_o the_o presentment_n of_o a_o jury_n if_o he_o do_v it_o be_v void_a in_o law_n and_o lie_v not_o against_o the_o party_n amerce_v the_o steward_n as_o only_o to_o record_v and_o enroll_v the_o amerciament_n affer_v and_o true_o and_o just_o to_o estreate_v they_o to_o the_o bailiff_n of_o the_o manor_n to_o be_v by_o he_o distreyn_v for_o and_o levy_v for_o the_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o lord_n this_o last_o act_n of_o taxation_n and_o record_v thereof_o do_v determine_v the_o judicial_a part_n of_o a_o court_n leet_n and_o after_o judgement_n must_v follow_v execution_n wherein_o the_o life_n and_o vigour_n of_o all_o law_n do_v depend_v the_o ministerial_a part_n of_o a_o court_n leete_n in_o the_o levie_v of_o fine_n and_o amerciament_n assess_v this_o part_n or_o act_n have_v a_o double_a relation_n 1_o to_o the_o lord_n 2_o to_o the_o bailiff_n the_o court_n be_v the_o king_n but_o the_o emergent_a profit_n former_o describe_v by_o two_o remedy_n s._n 1_o fine_a 2_o amerciament_n belong_v to_o the_o lord_n and_o for_o that_o they_o do_v arise_v out_o of_o offence_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n and_o common_a weal_n the_o lord_n be_v bind_v both_o in_o law_n and_o conscience_n not_o to_o be_v too_o prone_a in_o remit_v of_o they_o especial_o in_o those_o case_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n immediate_o as_o in_o his_o prerogative_n touch_v the_o oath_n of_o legiance_n or_o immediate_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n whereof_o the_o king_n be_v caput_fw-la et_fw-la custos_fw-la as_o touch_v fine_n upon_o delinquent_a officer_n and_o minister_n amerciament_n in_o case_n of_o common_a barrator_n drunkard_n false_a and_o double_a weight_n and_o measure_n deceit_n and_o corruption_n in_o victualler_n tradesman_n and_o artificer_n and_o such_o like_a enormous_a offence_n which_o in_o their_o quality_n be_v exemplary_a and_o have_v general_o a_o interest_n in_o the_o public_a calamity_n of_o church_n and_o state_n as_o also_o in_o amerciament_n for_o not_o repair_v of_o bridge_n causy_n highway_n and_o many_o more_o of_o that_o nature_n hereafter_o ensue_a in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o tract_n which_o ratione_fw-la communis_fw-la nocumenti_fw-la deserve_v no_o manner_n of_o favour_n or_o indulgence_n the_o best_a excuse_n that_o a_o lord_n can_v plead_v for_o himself_o in_o such_o case_n of_o remission_n of_o amerciament_n be_v but_o misericordia_fw-la and_o that_o excuse_n be_v take_v away_o by_o a_o former_a act_n of_o mercy_n and_o moderation_n in_o the_o afferor_n or_o equal_n who_o be_v astrict_n by_o a_o solemn_a oath_n quod_fw-la neminem_fw-la gravabunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o they_o shall_v neither_o surcharge_n for_o hatred_n nor_o detract_v or_o diminish_v for_o favour_n the_o law_n presume_v that_o as_o they_o ought_v so_o they_o do_v assess_v they_o merciful_o and_o after_o a_o solemn_a and_o judicial_a mercy_n non_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la extrajudiciali_fw-la misericordia_fw-la 2_o the_o second_o relation_n concern_v the_o bailiff_n who_o must_v be_v true_a faithful_a and_o vigilant_a observe_v the_o caution_n before_o prescribe_v in_o levy_v of_o distress_n he_o must_v not_o be_v exoculate_v with_o common_a rural_a bribe_n bacon_n cheese_n etc._n etc._n as_o that_o he_o can_v see_v a_o jury_n man_n in_o his_o right_a place_n to_o return_v nor_o any_o good_n or_o catsell_v to_o distreine_v his_o office_n be_v also_o
8._o penny_n of_o copyhold_n in_o the_o same_o county_n and_o this_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o r._n 3_o cap._n 4._o stamf._n plit_v coron_n li._n 2_o cap._n 24_o foe_fw-mi 85_o 86_o 87._o 2._o the_o second_o sort_n be_v matter_n here_o inquirable_a presentable_a and_o punishable_a for_o the_o first_o it_o may_v seem_v unnecessary_a to_o inquire_v at_o the_o law_n day_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o the_o court_n have_v not_o power_n to_o correct_v and_o punish_v and_o which_o the_o authority_n of_o instice_n of_o peace_n do_v daily_o meet_v with_o but_o there_o be_v two_o reason_n to_o clear_v the_o doubt_n and_o approve_v the_o inquiry_n of_o they_o 1._o the_o benefit_n of_o escheat_n of_o land_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o good_n and_o chattel_n for_o upon_o conviction_n of_o any_o offender_n in_o case_n of_o felony_n their_o land_n do_v escheat_n unto_o the_o king_n if_o they_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o or_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o who_o they_o be_v hold_v save_v to_o the_o king_n the_o waste_n thereof_o for_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v what_o land_n tenement_n and_o good_n the_o offender_n have_v for_o they_o accrue_v to_o the_o king_n if_o the_o lord_n have_v not_o a_o grant_n of_o cattalla_n felonum_fw-la by_o charter_n from_o the_o king_n 9_o h._n 7_o foe_z 23_o 29._o 2._o fleming_n justice_n fleming_n the_o second_o reason_n id._n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o reverend_a judge_n who_o in_o a_o speech_n of_o his_o concern_v the_o necessity_n of_o leet_n and_o law-daye_n say_v that_o a_o leet_n be_v schola_fw-la insigniendi_fw-la juvenes_fw-la a_o school_n to_o direct_v and_o instruct_v young_a man_n to_o know_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o prepare_v they_o for_o great_a employment_n at_o great_a meeting_n as_o the_o assize_n gaol_n delivery_n and_o session_n of_o the_o peace_n the_o first_o sort_n of_o offence_n which_o concern_v power_n of_o inquiry_n but_o not_o of_o punition_n be_v treason_n praemunire_n pettie-treason_n and_o felony_n high_a treason_n which_o glanvill_n lib._n 1_o cap._n 2_o call_v crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majest_n ut_fw-mi de_fw-fr niece_n vel_fw-la sedic_fw-la personae_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la velregni_fw-la vel_fw-la exercitus_fw-la britton_n ca._n 29_o title_n turn_v the_o viscount_n give_v direction_n for_o inquire_v at_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v of_o the_o mortal_a enemy_n of_o the_o king_n or_o the_o queen_n or_o their_o child_n or_o of_o their_o consenter_n and_o long_o after_o that_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o ed._n 3_o cap._n 2_o a_o declaration_n be_v make_v what_o offence_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v high_a or_o petty_a treason_n if_o any_o person_n do_v imagine_v or_o compass_v the_o death_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n or_o of_o the_o queen_n or_o of_o their_o elder_a son_n and_o heir_n it_o be_v high_a treason_n crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majest_n by_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n for_o princeps_fw-la censetur_fw-la una_fw-la persona_fw-la cum_fw-la ipso_fw-la rege_fw-la or_o if_o a_o man_n do_v violate_v the_o king_n companion_n or_o the_o king_n elder_a daughter_n unmarried_a or_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o king_n elder_a son_n and_o heir_n or_o if_o a_o man_n do_v levy_v war_n against_o the_o king_n in_o his_o realm_n or_o be_v adherent_a to_o the_o king_n enemy_n in_o his_o realm_n give_v they_o aid_n or_o comfort_v there_o or_o elsewhere_o other_o treason_n which_o do_v not_o touch_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n so_o near_o if_o any_o counterfeit_n the_o great_a seal_n privy_a seal_n or_o the_o money_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o if_o any_o bring_v false_a money_n into_o this_o realm_n counterfeit_v to_o the_o money_n of_o england_n know_v it_o to_o be_v false_a to_o merchandise_n or_o make_v payment_n in_o deceit_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n if_o any_o do_v false_o forge_v or_o counterfeit_v any_o coin_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n which_o be_v not_o the_o proper_a coin_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v currant_n within_o this_o realm_n if_o any_o do_v forge_n or_o counterfeit_v the_o sign_n mannuall_a privy_a signet_n or_o privy_a seal_n if_o a_o man_n slay_v the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n or_o the_o king_n justice_n of_o the_o one_o bench_n or_o the_o other_o justice_n in_o eyre_n or_o justice_n of_o assize_n or_o any_o other_o justice_n be_v in_o their_o place_n do_v their_o office_n all_o those_o before_o cite_v and_o all_o aider_n procurer_n and_o abbetter_n shall_v be_v deem_v and_o adjudge_v traitor_n and_o shall_v incurâ—e_v all_o pain_n and_o for_o feiture_n as_o in_o case_n of_o high_a treason_n be_v use_v and_o ordain_v 1_o mar._n ca._n 6._o if_o any_o for_o wicked_a lucre_n or_o gain_n do_v clip_v wash_v round_o or_o file_v any_o money_n which_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v the_o coin_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o the_o money_n thereof_o or_o the_o coin_n or_o money_n of_o another_o realm_n which_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v allow_v to_o be_v currant_n within_o this_o realm_n or_o the_o dominion_n thereof_o it_o be_v high_a treason_n 5_o eliz._n 11._o the_o forfeiture_n by_o the_o statute_n be_v of_o good_n but_o of_o land_n only_o during_o life_n and_o no_o corruption_n of_o blood_n nor_o forfeiture_n of_o dower_n it_o be_v first_o declare_v high_a treason_n 3_o h._n 5_o afterward_o abrogate_a 1_o mar._n 1_o and_o revive_v by_o this_o statute_n of_o 5_o eliz._n 11._o premünire_fw-it and_o treason_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n 1_o 5_o eliz._n c._n 1_o it_o be_v enact_v 5_o eliz._n ca._n 1._o that_o if_o any_o person_n of_o any_o estate_n dignity_n or_o degree_n soever_o shall_v by_o writing_n ciphr_a print_v or_o preach_v deed_n or_o act_n advise_o and_o witting_o extol_v or_o set_v forth_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n use_v or_o usurp_v within_o this_o realm_n or_o any_o the_o dominion_n thereof_o every_o such_o person_n their_o abbetter_n procurer_n and_o counsellor_n be_v lawful_o indict_v or_o present_v within_o one_o year_n after_o such_o offence_n commit_v and_o be_v lawful_o convict_v or_o attaint_v shall_v incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o praemunire_n provide_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o provision_n make_v anno_fw-la 16_o rich._n 2._o and_o if_o any_o person_n or_o person_n their_o abbetter_n or_o procurer_n after_o such_o conviction_n and_o attainder_n do_v eftsoons_o commit_v the_o same_o offence_n and_o be_v thereof_o due_o convict_v and_o attaint_v shall_v incur_v the_o pain_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o high_a treason_n in_o like_a danger_n be_v they_o who_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o supremacy_n prescribe_v 1_o eliz._n 1_o which_o for_o the_o first_o offence_n be_v praemunire_n and_o if_o any_o the_o person_n appoint_v by_o this_o act_n to_o take_v the_o say_a oath_n do_v after_o the_o space_n of_o three_o month_n next_o after_o the_o first_o tender_a thereof_o the_o second_o time_n refuse_v or_o do_v not_o take_v and_o pronounce_v it_o shall_v also_o be_v adjudge_v in_o the_o case_n of_o high_a treason_n and_o this_o statute_n require_v a_o publication_n hereof_o at_o the_o leete_n but_o this_o act_n shall_v not_o extend_v to_o make_v any_o corruption_n of_o blood_n disinherison_n of_o any_o heir_n forfeiture_n of_o any_o dower_n nor_o the_o prejudice_n of_o any_o right_a or_o title_n of_o any_o person_n other_o than_o the_o right_n or_o title_n of_o the_o offender_n during_o he_o she_o or_o their_o life_n only_o nota_fw-la the_o penalty_n in_o a_o praemunire_n be_v describe_v 22_o edward_n 3.1_o and_o 16_o richard_n 2.5_o to_o be_v ouâ—_n of_o the_o king_n protection_n to_o forfeit_v land_n good_n and_o chattel_n and_o their_o body_n to_o be_v take_v imprison_v and_o ransom_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n but_o by_o this_o statute_n of_o 5_o eliz._n 1_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o kill_v any_o attaint_v in_o praemunire_n petty_a treason_n if_o any_o servant_n kill_v he_o or_o her_o master_n or_o mistress_n or_o a_o man_n secular_a or_o religious_a kill_v his_o prelate_n or_o ordinary_n to_o who_o he_o owe_v faith_n and_o obedience_n it_o be_v petty_a treason_n in_o they_o and_o the_o abbetter_n 25_o edward_n 3_o 2._o if_o a_o woman_n kill_v her_o husband_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o subjection_n and_o obedience_n which_o she_o owe_v to_o he_o it_o be_v petty_a treason_n 19_o henry_n 6_o fol._n 47._o if_o a_o servant_n after_o he_o be_v out_o of_o service_n kill_v his_o master_n so_o as_o it_o be_v do_v out_o of_o a_o prepense_a malice_n while_o he_o be_v in_o service_n it_o be_v petty_a treason_n though_o not_o express_o within_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o ed._n 3._o it_o be_v petty_a treason_n in_o a_o son_n who_o kill_v his_o mother_n and_o he_o shall_v be_v draw_v
and_o hang_v and_o so_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o thorpe_n 12_o edward_z 3_o 17._o where_o a_o man_n kill_v his_o mother_n take_v sanctuary_n and_o be_v draw_v from_o thence_o and_o convict_v cromp._n just_o foe_fw-mi 15._o note_v that_o in_o all_o petty_a treason_n felony_n be_v include_v but_o not_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la and_o it_o be_v affirm_v 22_o li._n ass_n that_o a_o pardon_n of_o all_o felony_n will_v servefâ—r_v pettâ—e_a treason_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o all_o petty_a treason_n be_v inquireable_a as_o felony_n in_o the_o turn_v and_o leet_n the_o escheat_n hereof_o pertain_v to_o every_o lord_n of_o his_o own_o fee_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o such_o treason_n do_v not_o touch_v the_o king_n himself_o felony_n all_o felony_n at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v here_o inquirable_a as_o felony_n save_v the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n and_o rape_n which_o be_v here_o to_o be_v inquire_v as_o trespass_v 7_o henry_n 6_o foe_z 13._o 6_o hen._n 7_o foe_z 4_o 41_o ass_n plit_v 30._o of_o felony_n here_o inquirable_a there_o be_v these_o four_o several_a sort_n ensue_a viz._n 1_o such_o as_o do_v concern_v the_o ademption_n of_o life_n 2_o or_o hurt_v of_o body_n without_o privation_n of_o life_n 3_o or_o the_o spoliation_n and_o take_v away_o of_o good_n 4_o or_o the_o take_v away_o waste_v and_o consume_v of_o life_n body_n and_o good_n all_o privation_n of_o life_n be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o homicide_n but_o as_o one_o write_v exit_fw-la diversa_fw-la interficientis_fw-la intention_n hoc_fw-la diversas_fw-la &_o appellationes_fw-la &_o causas_fw-la habet_fw-la the_o intention_n of_o the_o actor_n do_v alter_v the_o appellation_n of_o the_o act._n majest_n skeny_n l._n regiae_n majest_n a_o learned_a writer_n of_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n do_v set_v forth_o duo_fw-la genera_fw-la homicidâ—i_fw-la one_o which_o be_v call_v murdrum_n and_o the_o second_o sort_n which_o be_v call_v simplex_fw-la homicidium_fw-la and_o both_o be_v inquiable_a at_o the_o leete_n as_o bloodshed_n murder_n mvrth_a be_v where_o any_o of_o prepense_a malice_n do_v kill_v another_o felonious_o felleo_fw-la animo_fw-la whether_o it_o be_v open_o or_o secret_o and_o whether_o the_o party_n be_v a_o english_a man_n or_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o so_o as_o he_o live_v in_o the_o realm_n under_o the_o king_n protection_n and_o all_o homicide_n which_o be_v do_v in_o this_o manner_n be_v call_v murder_n to_o this_o day_n for_o the_o name_n of_o murder_n be_v never_o change_v but_o the_o law_n do_v retain_v it_o continual_o for_o the_o heinousness_n of_o the_o crime_n to_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o that_o and_o other_o homicide_n and_o as_o a_o civilian_n write_v quicquid_fw-la a_o praecedenti_fw-la malitia_fw-la vel_fw-la ferro_fw-la vel_fw-la veneno_fw-la instit_fw-la cowel_n instit_fw-la vel_fw-la modo_fw-la quocunque_fw-la perpetratur_fw-la illud_fw-la murdrum_fw-la dicitur_fw-la it_o be_v the_o cry_v scarlet_a sin_n of_o cain_n in_o the_o first_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n and_o have_v be_v and_o be_v so_o horrid_a and_o detestable_a as_o that_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o edward_n 3_o 2_o and_z 14_o edward_z 3_o 15_o a_o charter_n of_o pardon_n be_v not_o to_o be_v allow_v in_o such_o a_o case_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 13_o richard_z 2_o stat._n 2_o c._n 1_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o if_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n be_v allege_v before_o any_o justice_n and_o if_o upon_o a_o good_a inquest_n of_o the_o visne_n where_o the_o dead_a be_v slay_v they_o do_v find_v that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o await_n assault_n or_o malice_n prepense_a the_o charter_n shall_v be_v disallow_v and_o further_o it_o shall_v be_v do_v as_o the_o law_n command_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o a_o charter_n of_o pardon_n of_o all_o felony_n will_v not_o discharge_v a_o murder_n without_o express_a word_n and_o here_o in_o the_o duty_n and_o legiance_n of_o a_o subject_a i_o can_v pretermit_v the_o remembrance_n of_o his_o now_o gracious_a majesty_n tender_a and_o incomparable_a care_n in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o true_a intention_n of_o those_o ancient_a law_n by_o reject_v and_o deny_v all_o suggestion_n and_o suit_n for_o pardon_n in_o case_n of_o murder_n rape_n and_o such_o like_a heinous_a crime_n which_o to_o the_o comfort_n of_o all_o his_o true_a and_o loyal_a subject_n he_o have_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v by_o the_o equal_a and_o exemplary_a distribution_n of_o his_o justice_n aswell_o to_o the_o tall_a cedar_n as_o to_o the_o low_a shrub_n of_o his_o kingdom_n manslaughter_n all_z simplex_fw-la homicidium_fw-la or_o manslaughter_n be_v distinguish_v from_o murder_n by_o reason_n they_o be_v do_v sudden_o and_o upon_o hot_a blood_n without_o malice_n forethink_v in_o ancient_a time_n if_o a_o man_n do_v lie_v in_o wait_n to_o kill_v another_o it_o be_v felony_n quia_fw-la voluntas_fw-la profacto_fw-la but_o now_o exitus_fw-la in_o malificiis_fw-la spectatur_fw-la &_o 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â—râ—h_o lamb._n â—râ—h_o nos_fw-la vero_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la ut_fw-la cuique_fw-la annos_fw-la ad_fw-la 12_o natus_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la fidem_fw-la det_fw-la see_v in_o posterum_fw-la tum_fw-la furto_fw-la tum_fw-la furti_fw-la societate_fw-la temperaturum_fw-la all_o and_o every_o person_n or_o person_n who_o shall_v keep_v or_o harbour_v any_o such_o youth_n and_o do_v not_o bring_v they_o in_o to_o be_v swear_v be_v presentable_a broo._n leet_n 7._o common_a nuisance_n all_o purpresture_n be_v here_o inquirable_a the_o word_n be_v not_o obvious_a to_o every_o country_n capacity_n glanv_n li._n 9_o ca._n 11._o thus_o define_v it_o dicitur_fw-la autem_fw-la propriè_fw-la purprestura_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o be_v proper_o call_v purpresture_n when_o any_o thing_n be_v unjust_o usurp_v upon_o the_o king_n as_o upon_o the_o king_n demesne_n or_o in_o stop_v the_o public_a way_n or_o turn_v public_a water_n out_o of_o their_o right_a course_n or_o when_o any_o man_n shall_v erect_v 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offend_v do_v forfeit_a for_o every_o time_n so_o do_v 20._o shilling_n 17._o 33_o h._n 8._o c._n 17._o the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o party_n grieve_v or_o any_o other_o that_o will_v sue_v for_o the_o same_o forfeiture_n in_o any_o court_n of_o record_n leet_n or_o law-day_n by_o action_n of_o debt_n bill_n plaint_n information_n or_o otherwise_o and_o the_o other_o moiety_n to_o the_o king_n as_o highway_n must_v not_o be_v encroach_v upon_o or_o annoy_v so_o they_o must_v be_v due_o repair_v and_o amend_v highway_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o highway_n 1_o chimini_n majores_fw-la 2_o chimini_n minores_fw-la the_o majores_fw-la be_v the_o four_o great_a fossae_a way_n whereof_o two_o extend_v through_o the_o kingdom_n in_o length_n and_o two_o in_o breadth_n the_o lesser_a way_n be_v such_o which_o lead_v from_o city_n to_o city_n and_o from_o one_o town_n to_o another_o per_fw-la quos_fw-la mercata_fw-la vehuntur_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o convey_v and_o carry_v of_o ware_n and_o merchandise_n from_o market_n to_o market_n and_o concern_v these_o it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n confessor_n si_fw-mi quippiam_fw-la operis_fw-la ad_fw-la corum_fw-la perturbationem_fw-la erigatar_n solotenus_fw-la deponatur_fw-la &_o chimini_fw-la more_fw-it solito_fw-la reparentur_fw-la which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o common_a law_n at_o this_o day_n and_o for_o that_o the_o highway_n grow_v very_o noisome_a and_o tedious_a to_o travel_v in_o 8._o 1_o 2._o ph._n marca_n 8._o and_o dangerous_a to_o all_o person_n passenger_n and_o carriage_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o constable_n and_o churchwarden_n of_o every_o parish_n within_o this_o realm_n shall_v yearly_o upon_o tuesday_n or_o wednesday_n in_o easter_n week_n call_v together_o a_o number_n of_o the_o parishioner_n and_o elect_v two_o honest_a person_n of_o the_o parish_n to_o be_v surveyor_n and_o orderer_n for_o one_o year_n of_o the_o work_n for_o amendment_n of_o the_o high_a way_n in_o their_o parish_n lead_v to_o any_o market_n town_n that_o the_o surveyer_n shall_v have_v authority_n to_o order_n and_o direct_v the_o person_n and_o carriage_n which_o shall_v be_v appoint_v for_o those_o work_n by_o their_o discretion_n and_o shall_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o office_n upon_o pain_n of_o 20_o shilling_n every_o one_o make_v default_n that_o steward_n of_o every_o leet_n have_v power_n to_o inquire_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o suitor_n of_o all_o and_o every_o the_o offence_n that_o shall_v be_v commit_v against_o every_o point_n and_o article_n of_o this_o statute_n and_o to_o assess_v such_o reasonable_a fyne_n and_o amerciament_n as_o shall_v be_v think_v meet_v that_o the_o steward_n of_o every_o leet_n shall_v make_v estraet_v indent_v of_o all_o the_o fyne_n forfeiture_n and_o amerciament_n for_o the_o default_n present_v before_o he_o and_o shall_v deliver_v one_o part_n fign_v and_o seal_v by_o he_o to_o the_o bailiff_n or_o high_a constable_n of_o 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of_o the_o charge_n do_v not_o once_o mention_v those_o offence_n but_o that_o they_o be_v and_o be_v offence_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o inquirable_a and_o punishable_a in_o turn_v and_o leet_n will_v be_v very_o manifest_a so_o 〈◊〉_d leet_n so_o fitzh_n in_o his_o court_n leet_n so_o 86._o print_v a.d._n 1559_o after_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o ed._n 6._o do_v charge_v the_o inquiry_n of_o forestaller_n and_o regrator_n and_o the_o statute_n 5._o ed._n 6._o do_v not_o abridge_v any_o other_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o clause_n in_o the_o same_o act_n viz._n if_o any_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o virtue_n of_o that_o act_n for_o any_o thing_n therein_o mention_v he_o shall_v not_o otherwise_o be_v vex_v or_o put_v to_o any_o pain_n for_o that_o thing_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o here_o to_o take_v a_o short_a survey_n of_o the_o ancient_a ordinance_n of_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v but_o declaration_n of_o the_o common_a law_n the_o old_a law_n entitle_v indicium_fw-la collistrigii_n hen._n 51_o hen._n 51_o hen._n 3._o provide_v that_o inquiry_n be_v make_v de_fw-la forstallariis_fw-la who_o before_o the_o due_a hour_n do_v buy_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o ordinance_n of_o the_o town_n and_o market_n or_o do_v go_v out_o of_o the_o town_n to_o meet_v with_o any_o vendible_a thing_n and_o do_v buy_v they_o extra_fw-la villam_fw-la that_o they_o may_v sell_v they_o in_o the_o town_n to_o regrator_n at_o a_o dear_a rate_n than_o they_o which_o will_v have_v bring_v it_o into_o the_o town_n that_o law_n be_v second_v with_o another_o entitle_v statut._n de_fw-fr pistoribus_fw-la &_o braciotaribus_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o de_fw-fr forstallariis_fw-la be_v repeal_v only_o touch_v the_o assize_n of_o wine_n by_o 21_o jac._n by_o which_o the_o king_n command_v that_o no_o forestall_a shall_v dwell_v in_o any_o town_n and_o render_v the_o reason_n qui_fw-la pauperum_fw-la est_fw-la depressor_n manifesle_n &_o totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la &_o patriae_fw-la publicus_fw-la inimicus_fw-la a_o oppressor_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o a_o enemy_n of_o the_o country_n and_o hereby_o the_o 1_o conviction_n be_v a_o grievous_a amerciament_n 2_o judgement_n of_o the_o pillory_n 3_o incarceration_n and_o redemption_n 4_o abjuration_n of_o the_o town_n and_o the_o like_a against_o those_o that_o shall_v counsel_v or_o countenance_v they_o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v if_o any_o steward_n or_o bailiff_n do_v for_o any_o reward_n remit_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o pillory_n by_o which_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o steward_n of_o leet_n have_v power_n to_o inquire_v of_o this_o offence_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o ed._n 3_o cap._n 3_o all_o forestaller_n of_o wine_n and_o all_o other_o victual_n ware_n and_o marchandize_n that_o come_v to_o the_o town_n of_o england_n by_o land_n or_o by_o water_n be_v attaint_v at_o the_o king_n suit_n by_o indictment_n or_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n shall_v forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n the_o thing_n forestall_v if_o they_o be_v full_o buy_v but_o if_o agreement_n be_v only_o make_v by_o earnest_n than_o the_o value_n of_o the_o thing_n so_o forestall_v and_o two_o year_n imprisonment_n or_o more_o at_o the_o king_n will_v if_o the_o buyer_n have_v not_o whereof_o to_o pay_v it_o by_o all_o those_o law_n it_o be_v not_o perfect_o know_v what_o person_n shall_v be_v take_v for_o a_o forestall_a etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o a_o full_a declaration_n be_v make_v by_o the_o latter_a statute_n of_o 5_o ed._n 6.14_o these_o monopolist_n of_o late_a year_n begin_v to_o swarm_v and_o muster_v themselves_o against_o the_o common_a weal_n and_o in_o time_n like_o the_o frog_n of_o egypt_n will_v have_v overrun_v and_o cover_v the_o whole_a land_n and_o without_o a_o scarcity_n will_v have_v bring_v a_o dearth_n among_o we_o if_o his_o now_o royal_a majesty_n by_o his_o proclamation_n order_n and_o direction_n date_v 28._o december_n 1630_o afterward_o put_v in_o execution_n against_o some_o principal_a engrosser_n of_o corn_n and_o grain_n by_o two_o several_a censure_n and_o decree_n in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o starchamber_n mich._n 7._o car._n have_v not_o minister_v a_o timely_a prevention_n by_o which_o direction_n a_o strict_a inquiry_n of_o forestalle_n and_o regrator_n be_v require_v in_o a_o court_n leet_n there_o follow_v several_a sort_n of_o fraud_n deceit_n and_o conspiracy_n as_o well_o in_o make_v sell_v and_o utter_v of_o victual_n and_o ware_n which_o concern_v the_o alimony_n and_o sustenance_n of_o the_o body_n as_o also_o in_o trade_n of_o mercimony_n and_o manufacture_n and_o in_o artificer_n and_o labourer_n all_o which_o be_v inquirable_a at_o leet_n assize_n of_o bread_n bread_n be_v the_o principal_a of_o all_o kind_n of_o victual_n it_o be_v the_o staff_n of_o life_n and_o the_o life_n of_o the_o poor_a in_o sacred_a scripture_n the_o commination_n of_o famine_n be_v denounce_v by_o break_v the_o staff_n of_o bread_n levit_fw-la 26.26_o if_o therefore_o any_o baker_n shall_v make_v and_o put_v to_o sale_n any_o bread_n which_o be_v not_o of_o good_a and_o sufficient_a weight_n and_o assize_n according_a to_o the_o â—ate_z and_o price_n of_o corn_n and_o grain_n in_o the_o market_n adjoin_v or_o be_v not_o wholesome_a for_o the_o body_n of_o man_n brewer_n and_o tipler_n if_o brewer_n and_o tipler_n do_v not_o keep_v and_o observe_v the_o assize_n of_o ale_n and_o beer_n and_o make_v it_o good_a and_o wholesome_a for_o the_o body_n of_o man_n or_o do_v drefuse_v to_o suffer_v their_o ale_n and_o beer_n to_o be_v assay_v a_o taste_v by_o the_o officer_n on_o that_o behalf_n appoint_v before_o they_o set_v the_o same_o to_o sale_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v be_v the_o better_o direct_v where_o to_o search_v every_o license_a tipler_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o bush_n or_o alestake_n at_o his_o door_n cup_n glass_n if_o any_o tipler_n sell_v by_o glass_n cup_n or_o dish_n or_o any_o measure_n which_o be_v not_o of_o due_a assize_n and_o lawful_o seal_v whereby_o the_o poor_a labourer_n and_o wayfaring_a passenger_n for_o who_o relief_n and_o comfort_n such_o person_n be_v allow_v to_o tipple_v be_v scant_v and_o defraud_v by_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o judicium_fw-la collist_n 51._o hen._n 3_o before_o mention_v if_o a_o baker_n or_o brewer_n be_v convict_v for_o not_o observe_v the_o assize_n of_o bread_n and_o ale_n the_o first_o second_v and_o three_o time_n he_o shall_v be_v amerce_v according_a to_o his_o offence_n if_o it_o be_v not_o over-grievous_a but_o if_o it_o be_v grievous_a and_o often_o si_fw-mi grave_n fecerit_fw-la delictum_fw-la &_o plury_n &_o castigari_fw-la noluerit_fw-la tunc_fw-la patiatur_fw-la judicium_fw-la corporis_fw-la scil_n pistor_n collistrigium_fw-la &_o brasiatrix_fw-la trubicetum_fw-la vel_fw-la castigatorium_fw-la a_o baker_n to_o the_o pillory_n and_o a_o brewer_n to_o the_o tumbril_n or_o other_o correction_n etc._n etc._n butcher_n etc._n etc._n if_o any_o butcher_n fishmonger_n regrator_n 3.6_o 13_o edw._n 3.6_o ostler_n brewer_n baker_n pulter_n or_o any_o other_o seller_n of_o any_o manner_n of_o victual_n do_v not_o sell_v the_o same_o for_o reasonable_a price_n have_v regard_n to_o the_o price_n in_o the_o place_n adjoin_v so_o that_o the_o same_o seller_n have_v moderate_a gain_n and_o not_o excessive_a reasonable_o to_o be_v require_v according_a to_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o the_o say_v victual_n be_v carry_v shall_v pay_v double_a for_o the_o same_o to_o the_o party_n damnify_v or_o in_o default_n of_o he_o to_o any_o other_o that_o will_v pursue_v on_o this_o behalf_n 13_o ed._n 3.6_o victualler_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 13_o ri._n 2.18_o for_o victualler_n 1â—_n 13_o â—â—h_n 2_o 1â—_n it_o be_v accord_v that_o they_o shall_v have_v reasonable_a gain_n according_a to_o the_o discretion_n and_o limitation_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o no_o more_o upon_o pain_n to_o be_v grievous_o punish_v according_a to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o say_a justice_n where_o no_o pain_n be_v limit_v in_o certain_a before_o that_o time_n and_o that_o sheriff_n steward_n of_o franchise_n and_o all_o other_o that_o have_v assize_n of_o bread_n and_o ale_n and_o the_o correction_n thereof_o shall_v take_v no_o amerciament_n or_o fine_a for_o any_o default_n touch_v the_o assize_n to_o spare_v any_o bodily_a punishment_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 4._o certain_a person_n for_o their_o own_o profit_n do_v procure_v letter_n patent_n of_o the_o king_n to_o be_v surveyor_n and_o corrector_n of_o victual_n within_o certain_a city_n borough_n and_o other_o place_n and_o by_o pretence_n thereof_o do_v commit_v diverse_a extortion_n and_o oppression_n to_o the_o damage_n of_o the_o people_n and_o derogation_n of_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n which_o letter_n patent_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 12_o edw._n 4._o ca._n 8._o be_v
after_o he_o or_o else_o for_o ease_v of_o himself_o without_o hue_n and_o cry_n do_v wave_n or_o derelinquish_v therefore_o call_v by_o the_o civilian_n bonaderelicta_fw-la the_o good_n felonious_o stoine_v by_o he_o or_o any_o part_n thereof_o and_o slay_v away_o the_o king_n or_o the_o lord_n be_v to_o have_v it_o unless_o the_o owner_n of_o they_o do_v make_v fresh_a suit_n after_o the_o felon_n to_o attaint_v he_o for_o thoâ—_n good_n which_o if_o he_o do_v he_o shall_v have_v his_o good_n again_o notwithstanding_o the_o wayve_v and_o seize_v â—ot_n note_n if_o good_n be_v stoine_n and_o wayve_v yet_o the_o owner_n may_v rescise_v they_o 20_o year_n after_o if_o they_o be_v not_o former_o seize_v by_o a_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n or_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o liberty_n fugam_fw-la fecit_fw-la if_o any_o upon_o indictment_n of_o murder_n before_o the_o coroner_n be_v find_v quod_fw-la sugam_fw-la fecit_fw-la or_o if_o any_o be_v indict_v of_o felonic_a and_o acquit_v and_o find_v that_o he_o sle_z he_o forfeit_v his_o good_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n may_v claim_v they_o by_o charter_n but_o not_o by_o prescription_n the_o old_a law_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la post_fw-la fugam_fw-la redierit_fw-la &_o inno_fw-la centiam_fw-la svam_fw-la purgaverit_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la facultates_fw-la suae_fw-la apâ—d_fw-la fiscum_fw-la remanebunt_fw-la exigent_n if_o exigent_n be_v award_v against_o one_o indict_v in_o felony_n he_o forfeit_v his_o good_n though_o he_o be_v after_o acquit_v of_o the_o felony_n the_o king_n shall_v have_v his_o good_n and_o the_o lord_n by_o charter_n but_o not_o prescription_n outlaw_n all_o person_n outlaw_v in_o trespass_n debt_n or_o other_o personal_a action_n do_v forfeit_v their_o good_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n may_v have_v they_o by_o charter_n cleri_fw-la convicti_fw-la all_o clerk_n convict_v man_n that_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o clergy_n and_o do_v undergo_v the_o burn_a in_o the_o hand_n call_v by_o 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that_o owe_v suit_n to_o this_o court_n be_v come_v and_o which_o not_o and_o if_o all_o the_o chief_a pledge_n or_o their_o dosen_n be_v come_v as_o they_o ought_v to_o come_v and_o which_o not_o and_o if_o all_o the_o dosen_n be_v in_o the_o assize_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o which_o not_o and_o who_o receive_v they_o and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o of_o the_o king_n villain_n fugitive_a dwell_n otherwhere_o than_o in_o the_o king_n demean_n and_o of_o such_o as_o be_v within_o the_o king_n demean_n and_o have_v not_o .hiden_fw-mi a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o of_o the_o lord_n villain_n in_o frankpledge_a otherwhere_o than_o in_o this_o court_n of_o custom_n and_o service_n due_a to_o this_o court_n withdraw_v how_o and_o by_o who_o and_o in_o what_o bailiff_n time_n of_o purpresture_n make_v in_o land_n and_o water_n to_o annoyance_n of_o wall_n house_n dikes_n and_o hedge_n set_v up_o or_o beat_v down_o to_o annoyance_n of_o bound_n withdraw_v and_o take_v away_o of_o way_n and_o path_n open_v or_o stop_v of_o water_n turn_v or_o stop_v or_o bring_v from_o their_o right_a course_n of_o breaker_n of_o house_n and_o of_o their_o receiver_n of_o petty_a larens_n as_o of_o goose_n hen_n or_o sheaf_n of_o i_o heeve_n that_o steal_v cleathe_n or_o of_o thief_n that_o do_v pilfer_v clothes_n through_o window_n and_o wall_n of_o such_o as_o go_v on_o message_n for_o thief_n of_o cry_n levy_v and_o not_o pursue_v of_o bloodshed_n and_o if_o fray_v make_v of_o escape_n of_o thief_n or_o felon_n of_o person_n outlaw_v return_v not_o have_v the_o king_n warrant_v of_o woman_n ravish_v not_o present_v before_o the_o coroner_n of_o clipper_n and_o forger_n of_o atoney_n of_o treasure_n find_v of_o the_o assize_n of_o bread_n and_o aleâ—roken_a of_o false_a measure_n and_o of_o bushel_n gallon_n yard_n and_o ells._n of_o false_a balance_n and_o weight_n of_o such_o as_o have_v double_a measure_n and_o buy_v by_o the_o great_a and_o sell_v by_o the_o less_o of_o such_o as_o continual_o haunt_v tavern_n and_o no_o man_n know_v whereon_o they_o do_v live_v of_o such_o as_o sleep_v by_o day_n and_o watch_n by_o night_n and_o fare_v well_o and_o have_v nothing_o of_o cloth-seller_n and_o currier_n of_o leather_n dwell_v out_o of_o merchant_n town_n of_o such_o as_o take_v church_n or_o churchyard_n and_o after_o depart_v without_o do_v that_o which_o belong_v thereâ—ntâ—_n of_o person_n imprison_v and_o after_o let_v go_v without_o maineprise_n of_o such_o as_o take_v dove_n in_o winter_n by_o doorefal_v or_o engine_n and_o of_o all_o these_o thing_n you_o shall_v do_v we_o to_o wit_n by_o the_o oath_n that_o you_o have_v take_v a_o note_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o be_v repeal_v alter_v or_o expire_v since_o the_o time_n whereinis_fw-la m._n kitchen_n write_v which_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o set_v down_o in_o regard_n many_o of_o they_o i_o have_v observe_v be_v frequent_o give_v in_o charge_n till_o this_o time_n the_o statute_n of_o cordweyner_n 5_o eliz._n ca._n 8._o repeal_v 1_o jacob_n 22._o the_o statute_n of_o crownet_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o crow_n rook_n and_o choughe_n 24_o hen._n 8.10_o expire_v 8_o eliz._n 15._o the_o statute_n of_o hat_n and_o cap_n 13_o eliz._n ca._n 19_o expire_v 39_o eliz._n 18._o the_o statute_n against_o riot_n 1_o ma._n ca._n 12._o continue_v 1_o eliz._n 16._o during_o the_o queen_n life_n until_o the_o end_n of_o the_o next_o parl_n ament_fw-la follow_v expire_v yet_o riot_n be_v in_o juirable_a as_o a_o offence_n at_o the_o common_a law_n the_o statute_n of_o wynes_n 7_o ed._n 6._o ca._n 5._o repeal_v in_o part_n 1_o jac._n 25._o as_o be_v before_o declare_v the_o statute_n touch_v horsbread_n 31_o h._n 8.41_o repeal_v by_o 22_o jac._n reg._n 21._o the_o statute_n of_o apparel_n make_v 24._o h_o 8._o ca._n 13._o repeal_v 1_o jac._n 25._o the_o oath_n of_o a_o constable_n set_v forth_o by_o m._n kitchen_n with_o the_o addition_n mention_v in_o the_o 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be_v protection_n from_o suffer_v
and_o without_o limit_n from_o this_o day_n forward_o 2_o the_o terminus_fw-la a_o quo_fw-la you_o every_o subject_n who_o the_o law_n enjoin_v to_o take_v this_o oath_n 3_o the_o quality_n or_o property_n require_v that_o be_v to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a 4_o terminus_n ad_fw-la quem_fw-la to_o who_o to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n 5_o in_o what_o manner_n and_o faith_n and_o truth_n shall_v bear_v of_o life_n and_o member_n that_o be_v as_o in_o calvin_n case_n until_o the_o let_v out_o of_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o our_o dear_a heart_n blood_n and_o i_o must_v add_v what_o be_v there_o omit_v and_o terrene_a honour_n that_o be_v the_o uttermost_a of_o our_o estate_n and_o livelihood_n 6_o the_o circumstance_n of_o place_n where_o these_o duty_n of_o legiance_n concern_v our_o life_n and_o estate_n ought_v to_o be_v perform_v it_o must_v be_v in_o all_o plaee_n whatsoever_o without_o any_o circumscription_n for_o you_o shall_v neither_o know_v nor_o 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all_o which_o execrable_a opinion_n be_v condemn_v by_o two_o act_n of_o parliament_n one_o in_o the_o 14._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o same_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o called_z exilinm_fw-la hugonis_fw-la le_fw-fr despensor_n patris_fw-la &_o filiâ—_n the_o other_o an._n 1._o ed._n 3._o cap._n 1._o which_o confirm_v the_o banishment_n of_o these_o spenser_n legiance_n then_o by_o law_n of_o nature_n before_o any_o judicial_a or_o municipal_a law_n be_v record_v or_o report_v be_v due_a to_o the_o sacred_a person_n of_o the_o king_n alone_o immediate_o and_o without_o any_o intervallum_fw-la or_o moment_n of_o time_n and_o before_o the_o solemnity_n of_o his_o coronation_n and_o so_o must_v remain_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o entire_o without_o any_o partnership_n with_o he_o or_o any_o intermission_n in_o default_n of_o he_o &_o emnimode_o by_o all_o way_n and_o mean_n it_o be_v due_a to_o his_o natural_a person_n accompany_v with_o his_o politic_a capacitis_n indistinct_o without_o any_o partition_n or_o separation_n and_o this_o oath_n be_v a_o political_a confirmation_n of_o that_o legiance_n it_o be_v due_a to_o he_o as_o he_o be_v mixta_fw-la persona_fw-la anoint_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o priest_n as_o he_o be_v supreme_a head_n under_o christ_n in_o all_o cause_n and_o oveâ—_n all_o person_n aswell_o ecclesiastical_a as_o civil_a the_o quality_n prescribe_v by_o this_o oath_n be_v natural_o incident_a to_o legiance_n verity_n and_o fidelity_n to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a and_o they_o comprehend_v what_o before_o be_v speak_v of_o faith_n obedience_n and_o subjection_n faith_n unto_o his_o person_n obedience_n to_o his_o law_n subjection_n to_o his_o government_n or_o all_o to_o all_o faith_n subjection_n and_o obedience_n to_o his_o person_n law_n and_o government_n by_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v a_o absolute_a empire_n and_o monarchy_n consist_v of_o one_o head_n which_o be_v the_o king_n and_o of_o a_o body_n politic_a which_o be_v the_o common_a wealth_n compact_a and_o compound_v of_o many_o and_o almost_o infinite_a several_a member_n all_o which_o the_o law_n divide_v into_o several_a part_n the_o clergy_n and_o the_o laiety_n this_o legiance_n require_v a_o due_a observancy_n of_o all_o the_o moral_a law_n contain_v in_o both_o table_n of_o the_o decalogue_n to_o obey_v our_o king_n in_o the_o true_a and_o sincere_a worship_n of_o god_n according_a to_o the_o canonical_a discipline_n of_o the_o church_n ratify_v by_o his_o regal_a authority_n to_o obey_v he_o in_o abandon_v all_o apostasy_n from_o christianity_n heresy_n schism_n faction_n fond_a and_o fantastic_a opinion_n repugnant_a to_o the_o orthodox_n doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n to_o obey_v he_o in_o acknowledge_v a_o supremacy_n in_o he_o and_o a_o subordinate_a superiority_n in_o his_o minister_n and_o magistrate_n over_o his_o people_n to_o obey_v he_o in_o all_o the_o right_n of_o 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kingdom_n the_o king_n be_v pater_fw-la patria_fw-la and_o every_o subject_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o hazard_v and_o adventure_n both_o life_n and_o member_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o king_n and_o country_n either_o against_o privy_a and_o traitorous_a conspiracy_n civil_a mutiny_n and_o dissension_n or_o hostile_a invasion_n or_o injust_a war_n or_o in_o the_o execution_n of_o legal_a act_n of_o justice_n the_o poet_n can_v say_v dulci_fw-la est_fw-la pro_fw-la patria_fw-la mori_fw-la a_o sweet_a thing_n it_o be_v to_o die_v for_o our_o country_n and_o as_o sweet_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o die_v pro_fw-la patre_fw-la patria_fw-la for_o the_o father_n of_o our_o country_n for_o indeed_o both_o come_v to_o one_o there_o may_v be_v many_o cause_n of_o war_n which_o when_o they_o be_v discuss_v and_o resolve_v by_o the_o king_n and_o state_n the_o justness_n of_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v dispute_v by_o
de_fw-fr â—odoâ—reddendi_fw-la according_a to_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o this_o ancient_a oath_n of_o legiance_n be_v the_o difficult_a question_n s._n pet._n 1.6_o 2._o v._o 13._o give_v this_o monition_n submit_v yourselves_o to_o every_o ordinance_n of_o man_n for_o the_o lord_n sake_n whether_o be_v be_v to_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a vers_fw-la 14._o or_o unto_o governor_n as_n unto_o they_o that_o be_v send_v by_o he_o etc._n etc._n though_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o s._n paul_n the_o substance_n of_o every_o princess_n power_n be_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n yet_o the_o specification_n of_o the_o circumstance_n thereto_o belong_v as_o in_o regard_n of_o place_n person_n jurisdiction_n subordination_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n introduce_v by_o custom_n or_o positive_a law_n hence_o i_o will_v deduce_v this_o general_a position_n that_o all_o subject_n be_v bind_v by_o duty_n and_o legiance_n to_o their_o prince_n to_o render_v to_o they_o civil_a 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subject_n particular_a estate_n or_o terrene_a honour_n hic_fw-la labour_n hoc_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la some_z not_o well_o affect_v to_o the_o constant_a government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n gift_n the_o payment_n of_o due_n and_o duty_n most_o proper_a by_o parliamentary_a gift_n will_v have_v the_o king_n necessity_n supply_v by_o imposition_n and_o tax_n to_o be_v raise_v and_o levy_v by_o the_o king_n mere_a and_o absolute_a power_n without_o any_o commitiall_a consent_n of_o peer_n and_o commons_o other_o more_o orthodox_n if_o i_o may_v so_o term_v it_o to_o the_o happiness_n of_o his_o majesty_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o state_n do_v hold_v and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v declare_v by_o ancient_a &_o modern_a parliament_n that_o a_o parliamentary_a gift_n subsidy_n or_o supply_n be_v it_o of_o what_o name_n soever_o from_o the_o subject_n to_o the_o king_n be_v most_o proper_a and_o compatible_a with_o the_o ancient_a rule_n and_o government_n of_o our_o kingdom_n the_o very_a name_n of_o parliament_n be_v sacrum_fw-la quoddam_fw-la and_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o most_o sublime_a and_o so_o long_o as_o the_o member_n be_v in_o unity_n with_o the_o head_n most_o absolute_a and_o illimited_a the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v a_o most_o ancient_a monarchy_n under_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o a_o supreme_a liege_n sovereign_a conform_a and_o according_a to_o the_o peculiar_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o nation_n confirm_v by_o several_a parliament_n and_o whereas_o all_o other_o nation_n as_o bracton_n faith_n 1._o lib._n 1._o cap._n 1._o be_v govern_v by_o write_a law_n sola_fw-la anglia_fw-it usa_fw-la est_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la finibus_fw-la jure_fw-la non_fw-la scripto_fw-la &_o consuetudine_fw-la in_fw-la en_fw-fr quidem_fw-la ex_fw-la non_fw-la seripto_o jus_o venit_fw-la quod_fw-la usus_fw-la comprobavit_fw-la sed_fw-la absurdum_fw-la non_fw-la erit_fw-la leges_fw-la anglicanas_fw-la licet_fw-la non_fw-la scriptas_fw-la leges_fw-la appellare_fw-la cum_fw-la legis_fw-la vigorem_fw-la habeat_fw-la quicquid_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o consensu_fw-la magnatum_fw-la &_o reipublicae_fw-la communi_fw-la sponsione_n authoritate_fw-la regis_fw-la sive_fw-la principis_fw-la praecadente_fw-la juctè_fw-la fuerit_fw-la definitum_fw-la &_o approbatum_fw-la england_n only_o be_v rule_v by_o a_o law_n not_o write_v and_o by_o custom_n which_o by_o usage_n have_v be_v approve_v and_o it_o be_v absurd_a because_o not_o write_v not_o to_o call_v they_o law_n inasmuch_o as_o whatsoever_o by_o the_o counsel_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o peer_n and_o commons_o and_o by_o the_o king_n royal_a authority_n shall_v be_v determine_v and_o allow_v have_v the_o power_n and_o virtue_n of_o a_o law_n herein_o we_o may_v observe_v a_o authentic_a description_n of_o a_o parliament_n i_o can_v pass_v by_o the_o word_n quicquid_fw-la there_o be_v some_o remarkable_a energy_n in_o the_o generality_n of_o it_o that_o must_v not_o go_v without_o a_o quisquid_a some_o will_v have_v religion_n and_o ecclesiastike_a person_n and_o do_v not_o stick_v to_o murmur_v loud_o of_o it_o exempt_v from_o all_o parliament_n power_n parliament_n all_o person_n &_o cause_n subject_a to_o parliament_n but_o our_o author_n who_o write_v in_o the_o late_a time_n of_o hen._n 2._o well_o nigh_o 380_o year_n ago_o not_o long_o after_o king_n john_n have_v coact_o deliver_v over_o his_o royal_a crown_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o pope_n legate_n and_o thereby_o admit_v papal_a encroachment_n of_o jurisdiction_n in_o this_o kingdom_n although_o with_o the_o common_a error_n of_o those_o time_n he_o seem_v to_o advance_v pontisiciall_a power_n in_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n here_o cvi_fw-la scil_n papae_fw-la alioqui_fw-la invictissimi_fw-la etiam_fw-la imperatores_fw-la &_o reges_fw-la cesserunt_fw-la as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o prologue_n to_o bracton_n yet_o he_o bring_v all_o jurisdiction_n and_o matter_n whatsoever_o with_o his_o quicquid_fw-la within_o the_o cognizance_n and_o power_n of_o parliament_n a_o parliament_n be_v the_o supreme_a court_n of_o justice_n in_o this_o kingdom_n justice_n parliament_z the_o supreme_a court_n of_o justice_n a_o assembly_n of_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n and_o peer_n and_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n the_o word_n parliament_n be_v a_o french_a word_n and_o signify_v original_o as_o much_o as_o colloquium_fw-la a_o conference_n or_o treaty_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n iâ—â—is_n great_a court_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v ever_o have_v authoritatem_fw-la praecedentem_fw-la as_o bracton_n note_v before_o aswell_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o natural_a person_n have_v supremacy_n and_o preeminent_a precedency_n over_o and_o above_o all_o person_n as_o of_o their_o politic_a capacity_n and_o have_v the_o sole_a and_o only_a power_n to_o call_v and_o convene_v parliament_n and_o to_o do_v all_o other_o kingly_a office_n and_o they_o have_v and_o ever_o have_v potectatem_fw-la subsequentem_fw-la a_o power_n to_o ratify_v and_o confirm_v such_o act_n and_o law_n and_o statute_n whatsoever_o as_o be_v treat_v and_o agree_v upon_o by_o the_o peer_n and_o commons_o the_o king_n as_o learned_a cambden_n observe_v and_o have_v it_o from_o bracton_n supremam_fw-la potestatem_fw-la &_o merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la apud_fw-la nos_fw-la habet_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o imperii_fw-la clientela_fw-la est_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o vestituram_fw-la ab_fw-la alio_fw-la quovis_fw-la accipit_fw-la nee_n prater_fw-la deum_fw-la superiorem_fw-la agnoscit_fw-la in_o short_a the_o king_n be_v supreme_a over_o and_o above_o all_o person_n and_o ow_v no_o superior_a but_o god_n the_o parliament_n be_v call_v by_o writ_n of_o summons_n direct_v to_o each_o peer_n of_o the_o land_n parliament_n the_o call_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o by_o writ_n of_o summons_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o each_o several_a county_n and_o it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n council_n but_o note_n the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v arm_v with_o divers_a counsel_n one_o which_o be_v necessarieto_fw-la be_v explain_v call_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la in_o all_o writ_n and_o proceed_n and_o that_o be_v the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n a_o second_o which_o be_v grande_fw-fr or_o magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la which_o be_v sometime_o apply_v to_o the_o upper_a house_n of_o parliament_n sometime_o out_o of_o parliament_n to_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n lord_n of_o parliament_n three_o he_o have_v his_o legale_fw-la concilium_fw-la his_o judge_n of_o the_o law_n for_o law_n matter_n the_o four_o and_o last_o and_o not_o the_o least_o be_v the_o king_n privatum_fw-la concilium_fw-la his_o privy_a councillor_n of_o state_n the_o king_n have_v as_o all_o the_o king_n of_o england_n ever_o have_v his_o sacros_fw-la and_o secretos_fw-la consiliarios_fw-la his_o sacred_a guard_n of_o privy_a councillor_n majorum_fw-la et_fw-la sapientissimorum_fw-la è_fw-la regno_fw-la among_o who_o he_o fit_v in_o person_n and_o moderate_v their_o consultation_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o precept_n and_o precedent_n record_v in_o holy_a scripture_n where_o no_o counsel_n be_v the_o people_n fall_v but_o
with_o man_n learned_a and_o noble_o bear_v he_o sit_v himself_o daily_o in_o council_n and_o dispose_v his_o affair_n of_o most_o consequence_n in_o his_o own_o person_n his_o counsellor_n as_o one_o say_v be_v avessaâ—â—es_n nor_o principal_n he_o permit_v they_o ability_n to_o advise_v not_o authority_n to_o resolve_v by_o this_o mean_n keep_v the_o lore_n in_o his_o own_o power_n as_o fit_a for_o prince_n to_o do_v he_o have_v a_o gracious_a issue_n of_o peace_n ever_o after_o attend_v the_o remainder_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o happy_o live_v to_o train_n and_o adaptate_fw-la his_o son_n and_o successor_n edward_n the_o first_o england_n justinian_n for_o the_o future_a sway_v of_o his_o royal_a sceptre_n and_o afterward_o 16._o novem._n 1272._o dye_v his_o son_n and_o successor_n be_v then_o in_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o thirty_o year_n of_o age_n who_o be_v partner_n of_o his_o father_n experience_n show_v himself_o in_o all_o his_o action_n after_o capable_a to_o command_v not_o the_o realm_n only_o but_o also_o the_o whole_a world_n this_o renown_a king_n return_v from_o the_o holy_a war_n be_v with_o eleanor_n his_o wife_n crown_v at_o westminster_n 15._o aug._n 1272._o and_o afterward_o 15._o aprilis_fw-la 3_o regni_fw-la begin_v his_o first_o parliament_n at_o westminster_n call_v west_n 1._o and_o therein_o the_o king_n do_v will_n and_o command_v that_o the_o peace_n of_o holy_a church_n and_o of_o the_o land_n be_v well_o keep_v and_o maintain_v in_o all_o point_n and_o that_o common_a right_n be_v do_v to_o all_o as_o well_o poor_a as_o rich_a and_o cap._n 6._o do_v provide_v that_o no_o city_n burrough_n or_o town_n nor_o any_o man_n beamerce_v without_o reasonable_a cause_n and_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o his_o trespass_n that_o be_v to_o say_v every_o freeman_n save_v his_o freehold_n a_o merchant_n save_v his_o merchandise_n a_o villaine-saving_a his_o gainure_n and_o that_o by_o their_o peer_n and_o this_o be_v but_o a_o reflex_n upon_o the_o 29._o article_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v etc._n etc._n in_o october_n 25._o regni_fw-la after_o many_o other_o parliament_n the_o king_n hold_v a_o parliament_n at_o london_n and_o do_v then_o full_o grant_v and_o renew_v the_o great_a charter_n make_v by_o his_o father_n in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o the_o 37._o chapter_n therein_o contain_v unto_o the_o peer_n and_o commons_o in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la and_o likewise_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n under_o his_o great_a seal_n in_o this_o parliament_n cap._n 1._o those_o charter_n be_v confirm_v and_o the_o king_n do_v well_o that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v send_v under_o his_o seal_n as_o well_o to_o his_o justice_n of_o the_o forest_n as_o to_o other_o and_o to_o all_o sheriff_n of_o shire_n and_o to_o all_o his_o other_o officer_n and_o to_o all_o his_o city_n throughout_o the_o realm_n together_o with_o his_o writ_n command_v that_o they_o cause_v the_o foresay_a charter_n to_o be_v publish_v and_o to_o declare_v to_o his_o people_n that_o his_o highness_n have_v confirm_v they_o in_o all_o point_n and_o that_o his_o justice_n sheriff_n major_n and_o other_o minister_n which_o under_o he_o have_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o guide_v shall_v allow_v the_o same_o charter_n plead_v before_o they_o in_o judgement_n in_o all_o their_o point_n s._n the_o great_a charter_n as_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n for_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o realm_n cap._n 2._o all_o judgement_n give_v against_o the_o point_n of_o the_o charter_n shall_v be_v undo_v and_o hold_v for_o nought_o cap_n 3._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o same_o charter_n shall_v be_v send_v into_o every_o county_n under_o the_o king_n seal_v there_o to_o remain_v and_o shall_v be_v read_v before_o the_o people_n two_o time_n by_o the_o year_n ca._n 4._o the_o sentence_n of_o examination_n be_v to_o be_v denounce_v twice_o a_o year_n against_o the_o breaker_n of_o those_o charter_n cap._n 5._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o whereas_o the_o aid_n and_o task_n give_v to_o the_o king_n before_o time_n towards_o his_o wartâ—s_n and_o other_o business_n of_o the_o subj_n ct_v own_o grant_n and_o good_a will_v howsoever_o they_o be_v make_v may_v turn_v to_o a_o bondage_n to_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n because_o they_o may_v be_v another_o time_n find_v in_o the_o roll_n and_o likewise_o for_o the_o price_n take_v throughout_o the_o realm_n by_o his_o minister_n that_o such_o aid_n task_n or_o price_n shall_v not_o be_v draw_v into_o a_o custom_n for_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v be_v do_v before_o be_v it_o by_o roll_n or_o any_o other_o precedent_n whatsoever_o that_o may_v be_v find_v cap._n 6._o that_o from_o thence_o forth_o no_o such_o manner_n of_o aid_n task_n nor_o price_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o the_o king_n but_o by_o the_o common_a assent_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o for_o the_o common_a profit_n thereof_o ca._n 7._o the_o commons_o be_v grieve_v with_o the_o maletent_a of_o wool_n s._n a_o toll_n of_o 40._o s._n for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n upon_o their_o petition_n the_o king_n release_v it_o and_o do_v grant_v for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n that_o no_o such_o thing_n shall_v be_v take_v without_o their_o common_a assent_n and_o good_a will_n the_o whole_a subject_n of_o this_o parliament_n be_v style_v 1540_o mag._n char._n print_v 1540_o confirmatio_fw-la chartarum_fw-la de_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la anglia_fw-it &_o forrestae_fw-la and_o follow_v the_o great_a sentene_n e_o of_o excommunication_n call_v sententia_fw-la lata_fw-la super_fw-la chartas_n denounce_v by_o robert_n kilwarby_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o clergy_n against_o the_o violator_n of_o those_o charter_n i_o find_v next_o ensue_a this_o sentence_n in_o that_o book_n of_o 1540_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_fw-la non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la that_o no_o tallage_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v lay_v or_o levy_v by_o the_o king_n or_o his_o heir_n without_o the_o good_a will_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n earl_n baron_n knight_n burgess_n and_o other_o freeman_n of_o the_o communality_n of_o the_o realm_n cap._n 2._o nothing_o shall_v be_v purvey_v to_o the_o king_n use_n without_o the_o owner_n consent_n cap._n 3._o nothing_o from_o thence_o forth_o shall_v be_v take_v of_o sack_n of_o wool_n by_o colour_n or_o occasion_n of_o maletent_a cap._n 4._o all_o law_n liberty_n and_o custom_n be_v again_o confirm_v and_o the_o curse_n of_o the_o church_n to_o be_v pronounce_v against_o the_o breaker_n of_o this_o charter_n this_o statute_n have_v no_o certain_a time_n prefix_v of_o its_o make_n but_o afterward_o at_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westminster_n in_o lent_n 28._o edw._n 1._o certain_a statute_n be_v make_v call_v articulisuper_fw-la chartas_n whereby_o the_o two_o charter_n be_v more_o strict_o confirm_v and_o enjoin_v to_o be_v read_v four_o time_n in_o the_o year_n by_o the_o sheriff_n before_o the_o people_n in_o full_a county_n and_o those_o be_v but_o explanation_n upon_o mag._n charta_n the_o second_o chapter_n be_v large_a and_o whole_o make_v for_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o subject_n against_o the_o king_n purveyor_n and_o minister_n for_o take_v their_o good_n and_o victual_n against_o their_o will_n at_o what_o price_n they_o please_v and_o sometime_o without_o any_o price_n the_o three_o concern_v the_o marshal_n jurisdiction_n of_o the_o king_n house_n and_o other_o good_a â—nâ—uing_a law_n and_o sâ—atures_n which_o be_v but_o comment_n or_o paraphiase_n upon_o that_o article_n of_o nullus_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o do_v provide_v penalty_n in_o certain_a where_o none_o be_v before_o i_o will_v wade_v no_o further_o into_o the_o numerous_a confirmation_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la it_o have_v be_v ratify_v since_o 9_o of_o henry_n three_o above_o thirty_o rhyme_n i_o may_v be_v bold_a to_o say_v it_o be_v the_o grammar_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o land_n by_o which_o all_o other_o law_n be_v to_o be_v construe_v it_o be_v the_o lydius_fw-la lapis_fw-la of_o the_o law_n it_o be_v the_o size_n and_o standard_n by_o which_o all_o our_o nationall_n law_n must_v be_v assay_v and_o try_v those_o be_v the_o law_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o their_o coronation_n have_v swear_v to_o maintain_v and_o to_o execute_v justice_n to_o the_o people_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o thereby_o to_o protect_v their_o subject_n no_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v so_o wise_o contrive_v and_o interweave_v with_o reason_n and_o judgement_n but_o some_o son_n of_o beliall_a will_n arte_fw-la vel_fw-la ingenio_fw-la strive_v and_o compass_v to_o elude_v and_o subvert_v they_o at_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o now_o bless_a majesty_n reign_v a_o humble_a remonstrance_n
of_o his_o law_n which_o be_v twofold_a 1._o by_o castigation_n correction_n or_o correption_n of_o the_o malefactor_n either_o by_o privation_n of_o life_n confâ—â—â—â—ion_n of_o good_n mulct_n and_o penalty_n and_o by_o 〈◊〉_d of_o liberty_n and_o other_o corporal_a infliction_n second_o by_o relieve_v and_o comfort_v the_o offend_a and_o greeve_v subject_a with_o restitution_n or_o retaliation_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o respective_a cause_n and_o this_o can_v be_v perform_v whole_o by_o himself_o in_o his_o own_o person_n but_o by_o a_o subdelegation_n of_o judge_n magistrate_n and_o minister_n and_o they_o also_o if_o he_o find_v in_o any_o of_o they_o any_o perverse_a or_o corrupt_a aberration_n from_o the_o rule_n of_o justice._n he_o have_v power_n and_o will_v to_o reprehend_v and_o chastise_v or_o else_o who_o can_v challenge_v any_o freedom_n of_o protection_n for_o if_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n shall_v as_o some_o conceive_v by_o that_o forecited_a clause_n of_o nullus_fw-la lâ—ber_fw-la homo_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v abridge_v from_o hear_v and_o examine_v complaint_n either_o in_o cause_n of_o extraordinary_a consequence_n or_o against_o person_n of_o great_a eminence_n i_o mean_v not_o every_o cause_n that_o may_v be_v regulate_v by_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n then_o bootless_o be_v that_o royal_a promise_n in_o the_o great_a charter_n nulli_fw-la negabimus_fw-la aut_fw-la differemus_fw-la justitiam_fw-la etc._n etc._n then_o must_v he_o needs_o violate_v his_o solemn_a oath_n and_o vow_n at_o his_o coronation_n faciam_fw-la fieri_fw-la justitiam_fw-la etc._n etc._n his_o ear_n must_v be_v therefore_o open_a to_o the_o cry_n of_o the_o poor_a the_o fatherless_a and_o oppress_v or_o else_o he_o decline_v the_o true_a property_n of_o his_o vicegerency_n under_o god_n who_o be_v refugium_fw-la pauperi_fw-la psalm_n 99_o the_o lord_z will_v be_v a_o defence_n for_o the_o oppress_a even_o a_o refuge_n in_o the_o due_a time_n of_o trouble_n this_o princely_a office_n of_o protection_n be_v lively_o describe_v in_o the_o 72._o psalm_n make_v upon_o solomon_n give_v thy_o judgement_n o_o god_n unto_o the_o king_n and_o thy_o righteousness_n unto_o the_o king_n son_n verse_n 2._o then_o shall_v he_o judge_v the_o people_n according_a to_o right_n and_o defend_v the_o poor_a verse_n 4._o he_o shall_v keep_v the_o simple_a folk_n by_o their_o right_n defend_v the_o child_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o punish_v the_o wrong_a doer_n here_o be_v his_o justice_n of_o consolation_n to_o the_o oppress_a his_o justice_n of_o castigation_n to_o the_o oppressor_n to_o that_o heavenly_a poem_n of_o the_o psalmist_n some_o allusion_n have_v be_v by_o a_o earthly_a poet_n protegit_fw-la insontes_fw-la castigat_fw-la jure_fw-la nocentes_fw-la defendit_fw-la totum_fw-la sub_fw-la ditione_n gregem_fw-la so_o much_o of_o his_o justice_n by_o the_o other_o prop_n or_o pillar_n of_o his_o imperial_a crown_n s._n his_o mercy_n the_o king_n have_v 1._o potestatem_fw-la remittendi_fw-la 2._o potestatem_fw-la dispensandi_fw-la 1._o a_o power_n of_o remission_n or_o pardon_n 2._o a_o power_n of_o dispensation_n and_o both_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o sacred_a deity_n of_o heaven_n who_o immediate_a minister_n and_o lieutenant_n the_o king_n be_v upon_o earth_n within_o his_o own_o dominion_n in_o the_o old_a law_n moses_n by_o god_n direction_n do_v appoint_v unto_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n city_n of_o refuge_n as_o so_o many_o sanctuary_n of_o mercy_n whether_o the_o ignorant_a man_n slayer_n who_o hate_v not_o his_o neighbour_n in_o time_n past_a as_o also_o the_o casual_a homicide_n may_v flee_v and_o live_v but_o if_o a_o man_n hate_v his_o neighbour_n lay_v wait_v for_o he_o rise_v up_o against_o he_o and_o smite_v he_o that_o he_o die_v and_o flee_v unto_o any_o of_o those_o city_n then_o the_o elder_n or_o magistrate_n of_o the_o cutie_n shall_v send_v and_o fetch_v he_o thence_o that_o he_o may_v die_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o avenger_n deut._n ca._n 19_o ver_fw-la 3_o 4_o 5_o 11_o 12._o in_o this_o island_n be_v heretofore_o sanctuary_n place_n of_o refuge_n for_o such_o offender_n to_o who_o the_o law_n intend_v mercy_n and_o these_o be_v in_o use_v many_o hundred_o year_n but_o in_o this_o last_o century_n they_o be_v abridge_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o jacobi_fw-la 25._o so_o much_o of_o all_o statute_n as_o concern_v sanctuary_n or_o order_v or_o govern_v of_o person_n in_o sanctuary_n be_v repeal_v and_o make_v utter_o void_a beside_o the_o refuge_n of_o sanctuary_n the_o mercy_n of_o the_o law_n in_o many_o case_n as_o homicide_n in_o heat_n of_o blood_n without_o prepense_a malice_n theft_n and_o such_o like_a do_v afford_v the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n and_o it_o do_v at_o this_o time_n in_o a_o form_n different_a from_o former_a time_n for_o now_o in_o stead_n of_o deliver_v the_o malefactor_n over_o to_o the_o ordinary_a to_o purge_v himself_o he_o be_v admirt_v to_o read_v before_o the_o secular_a judge_n and_o if_o the_o ordinary_a or_o his_o deputy_n pronounce_v legit_fw-la ut_fw-la clericus_fw-la then_o be_v he_o to_o be_v discharge_v with_o a_o stigmatical_a brand_n in_o his_o hand_n as_o a_o warning_n to_o come_v there_o no_o more_o and_o he_o forfeiâ—th_v his_o good_n only_o if_o non_fw-la legit_fw-la be_v pronounce_v then_o be_v the_o offenâ—â—â—_n to_o suffer_v death_n for_o his_o transgression_n but_o this_o kind_n of_o mercy_n be_v not_o absolute_a but_o conditional_a the_o most_o perfect_a mercy_n as_o from_o god_n so_o next_o under_o he_o from_o the_o king_n be_v pardon_n which_o be_v a_o french_a word_n signify_v as_o much_o as_o pax_n venia_fw-la or_o gratia_fw-la and_o be_v use_v in_o the_o common-law_n for_o the_o remit_v or_o forgive_n of_o a_o fâ—lorious_a crime_n or_o other_o offence_n and_o it_o be_v twofold_a 1._o exit_fw-la gratia_fw-la regis_fw-la of_o the_o king_n myere_v grace_n and_o clemency_n 2._o per_fw-la cursum_fw-la legis_fw-la by_o the_o course_n of_o law_n that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n pardon_v of_o grace_n be_v again_o threefold_a 1._o parliamentary_a which_o be_v call_v free_a and_o general_a grant_v upon_o the_o happy_a close_a and_o solution_n of_o a_o successful_a meeting_n of_o the_o three_o state_n the_o common_a good_a and_o benefit_n whereof_o be_v well_o and_o sensible_o know_v to_o all_o his_o majusty_n love_v and_o obedient_a subject_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o pardon_n be_v pleadable_a at_o all_o time_n 2._o upon_o the_o king_n coronation_n or_o other_o grand_a and_o extraordinary_a solemnity_n but_o whosoever_o will_v reap_v the_o fruit_n hereof_o must_v at_o some_o charge_n within_o one_o year_n and_o a_o day_n sueit_v forth_o under_o the_o king_n great_a seal_n or_o else_o he_o be_v utter_o debar_v of_o it_o these_o two_o sort_n of_o pardon_n be_v ex_fw-la generali_fw-la gratia_fw-la to_o all_o that_o be_v not_o except_v therein_o and_o will_v take_v hold_n of_o the_o benefit_n thereof_o 3._o a_o pardon_n ex_fw-la speciali_fw-la gratia_fw-la be_v that_o which_o the_o king_n in_o some_o special_a regard_n of_o the_o person_n his_o merit_n and_o future_a hope_n of_o good_a service_n or_o other_o circumstance_n or_o in_o consideration_n upon_o some_o intelligence_n of_o the_o fact_n or_o manner_n of_o the_o conviction_n by_o any_o corrupt_a malicious_a or_o illegal_a proceed_n do_v extend_v and_o afford_v upon_o his_o absolute_a prerogative_n and_o power_n and_o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o violation_n that_o it_o well_o stand_v with_o the_o observation_n of_o his_o oath_n 2._o pardon_v by_o course_n of_o law_n be_v that_o which_o the_o law_n in_o equity_n vouchsafe_v for_o a_o light_a offence_n as_o homicide_n casual_a his_o power_n of_o dispensation_n be_v a_o temporary_a qualification_n of_o the_o rigour_n of_o particular_a law_n emollit_fw-la non_fw-la tollit_fw-la legem_fw-la as_o one_o say_v it_o do_v mollify_v not_o nullify_v a_o law_n and_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v it_o ille_fw-la qui_fw-la dispensat_fw-la non_fw-la tollit_fw-la legem_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la causa_fw-la in_fw-la certapersona_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la tempus_fw-la remittit_fw-la et_fw-la dispensatio_fw-la quandoque_fw-la est_fw-la necessaria_fw-la panorunt_fw-la super_fw-la decret_a capit_fw-la proposuit_fw-la he_o that_o do_v dispense_v with_o a_o law_n do_v not_o abrogate_v the_o law_n but_o for_o some_o certain_a cause_n in_o respect_n of_o person_n or_o time_n do_v remit_v the_o rigour_n and_o dispenlation_n sometime_o be_v very_o necessary_a positive_a law_n be_v but_o leges_fw-la temporis_fw-la if_o so_o then_o be_v they_o dispensable_a according_a to_o the_o necessity_n of_o time_n or_o occasion_n the_o rigid_a pharisee_n tax_v the_o disciple_n of_o christ_n for_o that_o be_v a_o hunger_a they_o do_v upon_o the_o sabbath_n day_n begin_v to_o pluck_v the_o ear_n of_o corn_n and_o to_o eat_v our_o saviour_n put_v they_o two_o case_n by_o way_n of_o
law_n no_o need_n of_o oath_n for_o the_o administation_n of_o law_n for_o in_o the_o first_o age_n &_o in_o a_o long_a time_n after_o the_o deluge_n there_o be_v no_o oath_n hear_v of_o in_o the_o second_o age_n of_o the_o world_n as_o there_o be_v confusion_n of_o language_n so_o there_o be_v of_o all_o other_o thing_n all_o thing_n be_v in_o common_a no_o distinction_n of_o dominion_n possession_n &_o inheritance_n by_o partition_n 1_o virgil._n geo._n 1_o lot_n and_o boundary_n nesignare_fw-la quidem_fw-la aut_fw-la partiri_fw-la limit_fw-la campum_fw-la fas_fw-la erat&_n erat&_n hence_o confusion_n breed_v contention_n and_o may_v control_v right_o nimrod_n then_o begin_v to_o be_v a_o mighty_a one_o in_o the_o earth_n he_o be_v a_o mighty_a hunter_n before_o the_o lord_n and_o be_v the_o first_o monarch_n who_o usurp_a power_n without_o law_n from_o this_o confuse_a generation_n god_n call_v abraham_n and_o give_v he_o this_o charge_n 1.24_o get._n cap._n 12._o v._n 1.24_o get_v thou_o out_o of_o thy_o country_n and_o from_o thy_o kindred_n and_o from_o thy_o father_n house_n unto_o a_o land_n that_o i_o will_v show_v thou_o and_o i_o will_v bless_v thou_o and_o make_v thy_o name_n great_a and_o thou_o shall_v be_v a_o blessing_n &c_n &c_n so_o abraham_n depart_v as_o the_o lord_n have_v speak_v unto_o he_o and_o lot_n go_v with_o he_o they_o have_v not_o long_o dwell_v together_o buetheir_o substance_n increase_v and_o the_o land_n be_v not_o able_a to_o bear_v they_o as_o riches_n increase_v so_o the_o right_a of_o property_n or_o meum_fw-la et_fw-la tuum_fw-la begin_v to_o be_v narrow_o pry_v into_o and_o have_v since_o beget_v all_o civil_a difference_n and_o consequent_o all_o civil_a law_n for_o discuss_v and_o decide_v of_o difference_n between_o man_n and_o man_n there_o be_v civil_a dissension_n between_o the_o herdsman_n of_o abraham_n and_o lot_n and_o certain_o it_o be_v about_o their_o substance_n to_o redress_v this_o grow_a mischief_n abraham_n bethink_v himself_o of_o a_o partition_n and_o to_o prevent_v a_o division_n of_o mind_n descend_v to_o a_o division_n of_o mean_n and_o though_o uncle_n unto_o and_o elder_a than_o let_v begin_v to_o stoop_v first_o in_o this_o wise_a let_v there_o he_o no_o strife_n i_o pray_v thou_o between_o thou_o and_o i_o and_o between_o thy_o herdsman_n and_o my_o herdsman_n for_o we_o be_v brethren_n be_v not_o the_o whole_a land_n before_o thou_o separate_a thyself_o i_o pray_v thou_o from_o i_o etc._n etc._n and_o abraham_n give_v lot_n the_o benefit_n of_o election_n of_o the_o land_n to_o take_v either_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o the_o left_a hand_n which_o be_v a_o example_n of_o division_n of_o possession_n and_o distinguish_a right_n of_o property_n for_o future_a age_n as_o god_n have_v promise_v to_o abraham_n that_o his_o seed_n shall_v be_v in_o number_n as_o the_o star_n of_o heaven_n so_o do_v his_o generation_n increase_v and_o multiply_v with_o multiplication_n of_o family_n sin_n and_o iniquity_n be_v also_o in_o abundance_n multiply_v all_o sort_n of_o people_n both_o good_a and_o bad_a grow_v up_o together_o force_n and_o fraud_n enlarge_v their_o dominion_n esau_n be_v a_o cunning_a hunter_n a_o man_n of_o the_o field_n and_o jacob_n be_v a_o plain_a man_n dwell_v in_o tent_n jacob_n have_v joseph_n a_o good_a son_n and_o so_o he_o have_v his_o simeon_n &_o levi_n who_o trouble_v he_o gen._n 34._o instrument_n of_o cruelty_n in_o their_o habitation_n gen._n ca._n 49._o joseph_n have_v one_o reuben_n to_o his_o brother_n but_o all_o the_o rest_n envy_v hate_v he_o and_o conspire_v against_o he_o at_o length_n jacob_n and_o joseph_n in_o fullness_n of_o year_n die_v from_o the_o tribe_n of_o levi_n moses_n be_v raise_v and_o preserve_v in_o a_o ark_n of_o bulrush_n from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o pharaoh_n to_o be_v a_o lawgiver_n a_o prophet_n and_o a_o chief_a ruler_n among_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n prudentissimus_fw-la legislator_n justissimus_fw-la princeps_fw-la ac_fw-la propheta_fw-la maximus_fw-la in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o isralite_n do_v grievious_o suffer_v under_o the_o tyrannical_a oppression_n and_o imposition_n of_o pharaoh_n and_o moses_n be_v send_v with_o the_o assistance_n of_o aaron_n to_o deliver_v they_o after_o who_o miraculous_a deliverance_n by_o the_o overthrow_n of_o pharaoh_n and_o his_o host_n in_o the_o red_a sea_n moses_n and_o the_o israelite_n have_v sing_v praise_n unto_o god_n &_o erect_v a_o altar_n in_o memorial_n of_o their_o bl_a ssed_a deliverance_n moses_n dispose_v himself_o to_o a_o settle_a government_n of_o the_o people_n and_o he_o sit_v to_o judge_v and_o the_o people_n stand_v by_o moses_n from_o the_o morning_n to_o the_o evening_n the_o first_o institution_n and_o subordination_n by_o moses_n in_o this_o course_n of_o judicature_n moses_n be_v much_o â—â—combred_v and_o overcharge_v with_o variety_n and_o multitude_n of_o cause_n which_o jethro_n his_o father_n in_o law_n observe_v do_v gentle_o admonish_v he_o in_o this_o wise_a the_o thing_n that_o thou_o do_v do_v be_v not_o good_a thou_o will_v sure_o wear_v away_o both_o thou_o and_o this_o people_n that_o be_v with_o thou_o thou_o be_v not_o able_a to_o perform_v it_o of_o thyself_o alone_o and_o then_o do_v counsel_n he_o for_o the_o ease_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o people_n to_o elect_v subordinate_a officer_n thou_o shall_v provide_v out_o of_o all_o the_o people_n able_a man_n such_o as_o fear_n god_n 18.2_o exod._n 18.2_o man_n of_o truth_n hate_v covetous_a nesse_n and_o place_v such_o over_o they_o to_o be_v ruler_n over_o thousand_o of_o hundred_o of_o fifty_n of_o ten_o and_o let_v they_o judge_v the_o people_n at_o all_o season_n etc._n etc._n in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o grave_a advice_n moses_n according_o do_v choose_v able_a man_n out_o of_o all_o israel_n and_o make_v they_o head_n over_o the_o people_n ruler_n over_o thousand_o ruler_n over_o hundred_o ruler_n over_o fifty_n &_o ruler_n often_v &_o they_o judge_v the_o people_n at_o all_o season_n the_o hard_a cause_n they_o bring_v unto_o moses_n but_o every_o small_a matter_n they_o judge_v themselves_o thus_o moses_n upon_o consultation_n with_o god_n have_v perform_v and_o put_v this_o holy_a counsel_n in_o practice_n his_o incomprehensible_a deity_n vouchsafe_v the_o honour_v of_o moses_n with_o his_o own_o presence_n upon_o mount_n sinai_n and_o therewith_o his_o immediate_a voice_n proclaim_v the_o mora_fw-la law_n contain_v all_o the_o ground_n of_o equity_n and_o justice_n and_o give_v they_o unto_o he_o engrave_v in_o two_o table_n of_o stone_n the_o first_o promulgation_n of_o law_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o legal_a oath_n for_o administration_n of_o justice_n as_o moses_n receive_v they_o from_o god_n so_o in_o discharge_n of_o his_o sacred_a function_n he_o faithful_o enjoin_v they_o unto_o the_o people_n and_o as_o falsehood_n and_o fraud_n increase_v so_o for_o avoid_v and_o discovery_n thereof_o and_o for_o true_a execution_n of_o justice_n 6.16_o heb._n 6.16_o as_o also_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o strife_n and_o controversy_n the_o ministration_n of_o legal_a oath_n begin_v to_o grow_v in_o use_n and_o not_o long_o after_o the_o receive_n of_o the_o decalogue_n by_o that_o great_a prince_n and_o prophet_n it_o be_v one_o of_o his_o first_o law_n give_v in_o charge_n unto_o the_o people_n if_o a_o man_n deliver_v unto_o his_o neighbour_n a_o asseâ—or_n a_o ox_n or_o a_o sheep_n or_o any_o beast_n to_o keep_v and_o it_o die_v or_o be_v hurt_v or_o be_v drive_v away_o no_o man_n see_v it_o then_o shall_v a_o oath_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v between_o they_o both_o that_o he_o have_v not_o put_v his_o hand_n to_o his_o neighbour_n good_n and_o the_o owner_n of_o it_o shall_v accept_v thereof_o etc._n etc._n by_o this_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o moses_n from_o god_n mouth_n and_o by_o inspiration_n of_o his_o holy_a spirit_n be_v the_o first_o personal_a legislator_n in_o the_o world_n and_o the_o first_o distributer_n of_o justice_n by_o subordination_n of_o ruler_n and_o magistrate_n and_o the_o only_a pattern_n for_o all_o succeed_a prince_n which_o move_v eusebius_n to_o say_v a_o deo_fw-la igitur_fw-la lex_fw-la originem_fw-la habet_fw-la et_fw-la eam_fw-la mortalium_fw-la omnium_fw-la primus_fw-la moses_n hebraeis_n constituit_fw-la quae_fw-la caeteris_fw-la deinceps_fw-la hominibus_fw-la condendarum_fw-la legum_n haùd_fw-la dubiò_fw-la exemplar_n fuit_fw-la the_o first_o imitation_n of_o moses_n in_o this_o kingdom_n by_o king_n alfred_n that_o moses_n be_v a_o pattern_n and_o exemplar_n of_o make_v law_n and_o manage_n of_o they_o by_o inferior_a minister_n in_o this_o our_o ancient_a and_o famous_a island_n of_o great_a britain_n renown_v in_o the_o constant_a succession_n and_o preservation_n of_o her_o law_n notwithstanding_o the_o permutation_n and_o change_n of_o government_n by_o the_o conquest_n and_o rule_v of_o several_a
nation_n may_v manifest_o appear_v by_o that_o which_o follow_v king_n alfred_n who_o begin_v to_o reign_v in_o this_o island_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 872._o the_o best_a letter_a prince_n that_o be_v in_o those_o time_n begin_v his_o law_n with_o locutus_fw-la est_fw-la dominus_fw-la ad_fw-la mosem_fw-la hos_fw-la sermon_n dicens_fw-la ego_fw-la sum_fw-la dominus_fw-la deus_fw-la tuus_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o so_o recite_v the_o 10._o commandment_n give_v by_o almighty_a god_n upon_o mount_n sinai_n and_o then_o proceed_v with_o the_o most_o material_a law_n mention_v in_o the_o 21.22_o and_o 23_o chap._n of_o exodus_fw-la which_o he_o think_v to_o be_v most_o apt_a and_o compatible_a for_o the_o government_n of_o his_o kingdom_n close_v it_o up_o with_o haec_fw-la easunt_fw-la jura_fw-la quae_fw-la rerum_fw-la omnium_fw-la praepotens_fw-la deus_fw-la ipse_fw-la mosi_fw-la custodienda_fw-la proposuit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o then_o conclude_v with_o have_v ego_fw-la aluredus_fw-la rex_fw-la sanctiones_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la collegi_fw-la aâ—que_fw-la easdem_fw-la literis_fw-la mandavi_fw-la quarum_fw-la bonam_fw-la certe_fw-la partem_fw-la majores_fw-la nostri_fw-la religiosè_fw-la coluerunt_fw-la multa_fw-la etiam_fw-la mihi_fw-la digna_fw-la v._o dentur_fw-la quae_fw-la a_o nobis_fw-la hac_fw-la etiam_fw-la aetate_fw-la pari_fw-la religione_fw-la obscrventur_fw-la nonnullatamen_fw-la torum_fw-la ex_fw-la consulto_fw-la patrum_fw-la partim_fw-la antiquanda_fw-la partim_fw-la renovanda_fw-la curavimus_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o king_n alfred_n have_v collect_v these_o law_n into_o one_o body_n and_o have_v cause_v they_o to_o be_v write_v whereof_o true_o a_o good_a part_n our_o ancestor_n do_v religious_o regard_v or_o obey_v and_o many_o of_o they_o do_v seem_v worthy_a unto_o i_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v with_o the_o like_a religion_n in_o this_o age_n or_o time_n observe_v yet_o some_o of_o they_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o our_o grave_a man_n our_o father_n we_o have_v take_v care_n partly_o to_o antiquate_v and_o partly_o to_o revive_v or_o renew_v which_o in_o the_o language_n of_o succeed_a time_n be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v some_o of_o they_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o our_o parliament_n we_o have_v think_v good_a partly_o to_o repeal_v and_o partly_o to_o coptinue_v after_o this_o the_o good_a young_a king_n doubtless_o non_fw-la sine_fw-la consulto_fw-la patrum_fw-la do_v proceed_v and_o culle_n out_o and_o confirm_v certain_a law_n and_o sanction_n of_o king_n inas_fw-la offa_n the_o king_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o ethelbert_n the_o first_o king_n that_o ever_o receive_a baptism_n here_o in_o england_n the_o first_o division_n of_o this_o kingdom_n by_o alfred_n into_o county_n hundred_o and_o tything_n this_o bless_a prince_n the_o division_n of_o his_o kingdom_n be_v confound_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o then_o late_o distract_v heptarchy_n have_v make_v league_n with_o guthrunus_fw-la the_o dane_n and_o thereby_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o entierty_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o be_v sole_a monarch_n thereof_o do_v in_o imitation_n of_o jethro_n his_o counsel_n to_o moses_n subdivide_v and_o distribute_v the_o government_n of_o the_o land_n into_o several_a part_n and_o do_v first_o reduce_v it_o into_o satrapias_n which_o we_o now_o call_v shire_n or_o county_n centurias_fw-la now_o call_v hundred_o decurias_fw-la now_o lall_v tything_n which_o at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o infancy_n of_o of_o this_o sub_fw-la rdination_n consist_v only_o often_o man_n but_o in_o succeed_a age_n grow_v more_o populous_a and_o be_v not_o confine_v in_o number_n of_o person_n though_o it_o still_o retain_v the_o same_o appellation_n of_o those_o ten_o person_n proscribe_v to_o their_o decurie_n or_o tything_n every_o one_o be_v to_o be_v a_o fidejussor_n or_o pledge_n one_o for_o another_o and_o if_o any_o one_o receive_v loss_n the_o rest_n be_v to_o make_v recompense_n for_o it_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o nine_o of_o they_o be_v call_v ingenui_fw-la fidejussores_fw-la which_o we_o in_o the_o title_n of_o our_o leet_n call_v franciplegii_fw-la and_o the_o ten_o be_v call_v decurio_fw-la which_o continue_v in_o the_o west-terne_a part_n by_o the_o name_n of_o tthe_a man_n in_o other_o place_n call_v vadem_fw-la primarium_fw-la et_fw-la praecipium_fw-la in_o kent_n call_v borsholder_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o chief_a pledge_n in_o yorkshire_n call_v tenteutale_a the_o appointment_n of_o officer_n and_o make_v law_n for_o the_o better_a order_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o mirror_n of_o prince_n have_v thus_o order_v his_o kingdom_n do_v set_v over_o every_o shire_n a_o senator_n and_o a_o greve_n which_o the_o norman_n afterward_o call_v come_v and_o vicecome_v and_o our_o late_a age_n a_o earl_n and_o sheriff_n over_o every_o century_n a_o officer_n call_v a_o constable_n and_o every_o decury_n a_o chief_a pledge_n or_o tethingman_n and_o do_v decree_n that_o every_o man_n of_o free_a condition_n libre_fw-la homo_fw-la shall_v be_v of_o a_o certain_a handr_v or_o tything_n out_o of_o which_o he_o be_v not_o to_o remove_v without_o security_n after_o he_o have_v thus_o ordain_v a_o law_n for_o the_o local_a settle_n of_o his_o subject_n that_o they_o may_v be_v know_v and_o call_v to_o account_v by_o the_o certainty_n of_o their_o abode_n upon_o all_o occasion_n of_o suspicion_n or_o accusation_n for_o any_o crime_n or_o misdemeanour_n then_o he_o provide_v good_a and_o wholesome_a law_n for_o the_o better_a avoid_v of_o rapine_n theft_n murder_n or_o any_o crime_n whatsoever_o as_o also_o for_o the_o secure_n of_o the_o person_n and_o estate_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o for_o the_o better_a rule_n and_o government_n of_o they_o in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o resiance_n among_o which_o i_o find_v one_o law_n cite_v by_o that_o noble_a and_o ever_o memorable_a antiquary_n 57_o cambd._n 〈◊〉_d foe_n 57_o quod_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la delicti_fw-la alicujus_fw-la insimularetur_fw-la statim_fw-la ex_fw-la centuria_fw-la &_o decima_fw-la exhiberet_fw-la qui_fw-la eum_fw-la vadarenturâ—_n sin_n istiusmodi_fw-la vadem_fw-la non_fw-la repereret_fw-la legum_fw-la severitatem_fw-la horreret_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la verò_fw-la reus_fw-la ante_fw-la vadationem_fw-la velpost_n transfugeret_fw-la omnes_fw-la ex_fw-la centuria_fw-la &_o decima_fw-la regis_fw-la mulctam_fw-la incurrerent_fw-la if_o a_o man_n be_v accuse_v of_o any_o offence_n he_o shall_v present_o out_o of_o the_o hundred_o and_o tthe_v tender_a such_o as_o shall_v be_v pledge_n or_o bail_n for_o he_o but_o if_o he_o can_v not_o find_v such_o bail_n he_o shall_v then_o dread_v the_o severity_n of_o the_o law_n which_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o modern_a law_n imprisonment_n but_o if_o any_o person_n accuse_v either_o before_o pledge_n or_o after_o shall_v fly_v away_o all_o the_o man_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o tything_n and_o hundred_o shall_v incur_v the_o king_n mulct_n that_o be_v be_v amerce_v to_o be_v in_o misericordiam_fw-la regis_fw-la at_o the_o king_n mercy_n the_o fruit_n and_o effect_n of_o this_o law_n be_v worth_a observation_n what_o good_a redound_v to_o the_o common_a weal_n in_o those_o time_n for_o say_v the_o author_n hoc_fw-la commento_fw-la pacem_fw-la infudit_fw-la provinciae_fw-la ut_fw-la per_fw-la publicos_fw-la aggeres_fw-la ubi_fw-la semitae_fw-la per_fw-la quadrivium_fw-la finduntur_fw-la armillas_fw-la aureas_fw-la juberet_fw-la suspendi_fw-la quae_fw-la viantium_fw-la aviditatem_fw-la rideret_fw-la dum_fw-la non_fw-la esset_fw-la qui_fw-la eas_fw-la abriperet_fw-la by_o this_o devise_n he_o make_v such_o peace_n in_o the_o whole_a country_n that_o he_o cause_v certain_a golden_a bracelet_n to_o be_v hang_v upon_o public_a batch_n or_o hillock_n at_o every_o cross_a way_n which_o may_v as_o it_o be_v deride_z the_o aviditie_n of_o passenger_n since_o there_o be_v none_o that_o dare_v take_v they_o away_o it_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o this_o law_n or_o ordinance_n do_v not_o only_o in_o part_n retain_v a_o vigour_n and_o be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o have_v give_v light_a to_o many_o statute_n to_o win_v force_n of_o great_a consequence_n as_o to_o that_o of_o the_o statute_n of_o winton_n 1._o 23_o adward_n 1._o inquirable_a at_o leet_n by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o cry_n shall_v be_v solemn_o make_v in_o all_o county_n hundred_o market_n fair_n and_o all_o other_o place_n where_o great_a resort_n of_o people_n be_v so_o that_o none_o shall_v excuse_v himself_o of_o ignorance_n that_o from_o thence_o forth_o every_o country_n be_v so_o well_o keep_v that_o immediate_o upon_o such_o robbery_n and_o felony_n commit_v fresh_a suit_n be_v make_v from_o town_n to_o town_n and_o from_o country_n to_o country_n etc._n etc._n and_o after_o that_o the_o felony_n or_o robbery_n be_v do_v the_o country_n shall_v have_v no_o long_o space_n than_o forty_o day_n within_o which_o it_o shall_v behoove_v they_o to_o agree_v for_o the_o robbery_n or_o offence_n or_o else_o that_o they_o will_v ans_fw-fr wer_fw-ge for_o the_o body_n of_o the_o offender_n but_o albeit_o the_o statute_n be_v general_a and_o no_o mention_n make_v
they_o may_v not_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o thing_n there_o publish_v or_o give_v in_o charge_n whereby_o they_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v and_o this_o be_v call_v suit_n real_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o allegiance_n unto_o which_o they_o be_v swear_v to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a to_o the_o king_n etc._n etc._n afterward_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v too_o great_a a_o thing_n for_o the_o sheriff_n to_o perform_v all_o in_o his_o own_o person_n whereupon_o hundred_o be_v ordain_v and_o divide_v out_o of_o the_o county_n and_o in_o every_o hundred_o be_v appoint_v a_o conservator_n of_o the_o peace_n call_v a_o constable_n and_o after_o borough_n be_v make_v and_o ordain_v and_o within_o every_o of_o they_o a_o petty_a constable_n and_o in_o some_o place_n a_o boroughead_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o languag_n for_o that_o this_o land_n have_v be_v inhabit_v by_o person_n of_o divers_a nation_n as_o britane_n saxon_n dane_n and_o norman_n so_o that_o the_o diversity_n of_o term_n and_o appellation_n come_v by_o the_o diversity_n of_o language_n that_o the_o hundred_o and_o boroughe_n do_v resort_v unto_o the_o turn_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o allegiance_n and_o the_o constable_n and_o petty_a constable_n do_v there_o present_a the_o default_n of_o offender_n but_o afterward_o upon_o consideration_n have_v of_o the_o great_a trouble_n which_o the_o people_n sustain_v in_o travel_v to_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v leet_n or_o view_n of_o franckpledge_a be_v grant_v unto_o lord_n of_o manor_n within_o certain_a precinct_n to_o reform_v all_o manner_n of_o default_n there_o by_o all_o which_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o leet_n have_v their_o derivation_n both_o in_o nature_n and_o power_n out_o of_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v and_o be_v purchase_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o people_n by_o divers_a lord_n 78._o boulogne_n case_n co._n li._n 7._o foe_n 78._o and_o in_o diverse_a place_n there_o be_v a_o duty_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n payable_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o leet_n by_o custom_n in_o regard_n he_o purchase_v the_o same_o for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o resiant_n and_o inhabitant_n to_o free_v they_o from_o their_o attendance_n at_o the_o sheriff_n turn_v and_o also_o in_o regard_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o leet_n be_v at_o every_o come_n of_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n at_o his_o own_o cost_n to_o claim_v his_o liberty_n which_o duty_n be_v sometime_o call_v capitagium_n sometime_o certum_fw-la letae_fw-la and_o so_o by_o other_o name_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o several_a place_n so_o that_o now_o by_o the_o example_n of_o moses_n the_o pattern_n and_o precedent_n of_o all_o prince_n and_o judge_n the_o particular_a imitation_n of_o k._n alfred_n and_o by_o the_o practice_n of_o time_n ever_o since_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o the_o justice_n of_o a_o kingdom_n can_v be_v circumscribe_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o crown_n but_o must_v receive_v execution_n by_o subordinate_a officer_n &_o minister_n &_o consequent_o there_o have_v be_v and_o must_v be_v subordinate_a court_n of_o judicature_n and_o justice_n for_o the_o ease_n both_o of_o sovereign_n &_o subject_a among_o which_o the_o leet_n or_o view_n of_o fanckpledge_a have_v be_v and_o be_v of_o most_o special_a use_n the_o most_o principal_a use_n of_o this_o court_n do_v stand_v upon_o these_o three_o point_n 1._o to_o take_v view_n of_o all_o franckpledge_n or_o freeman_n and_o by_o inquisition_n or_o examination_n to_o discover_v whether_o every_o person_n of_o the_o age_n of_o 12._o year_n and_o upward_o have_v a_o free_a pledge_n or_o fidejussor_n that_o they_o shall_v keep_v the_o king_n peace_n which_o with_o our_o ancestor_n be_v in_o great_a use_n and_o esteem_v but_o now_o by_o desuetude_n of_o time_n be_v utter_o antiquate_v and_o only_o care_v take_v by_o presentment_n of_o juror_n and_o officer_n upon_o their_o oath_n to_o find_v out_o and_o punish_v several_a delict_n and_o offence_n perpetrate_v within_o the_o view_n and_o precinct_n of_o the_o leet_n proper_a for_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o that_o court._n 2_o to_o elect_v and_o swear_v all_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o justice_n who_o be_v to_o attend_v the_o service_n of_o that_o meeting_n as_o constables_z tethingman_n and_o such_o other_o wherein_o the_o steward_n must_v be_v very_o circumspect_a and_o careful_a of_o the_o idoniety_n of_o they_o that_o they_o be_v person_n of_o honesty_n to_o execute_v their_o office_n true_o without_o malice_n affection_n or_o partiality_n 2._o science_n to_o know_v what_o belong_v to_o their_o place_n and_o what_o they_o ought_v only_o to_o do_v 3._o ability_n aswell_o in_o estate_n of_o body_n that_o they_o may_v diligent_o attend_v &_o execute_v their_o office_n upon_o any_o occasion_n and_o not_o be_v negligent_a or_o remiss_a either_o for_o impotency_n of_o body_n or_o indigence_n in_o estate_n 3._o the_o three_o and_o principal_a use_n which_o be_v indeed_o now_o most_o in_o use_n be_v to_o take_v all_o suit_n royal_a that_o be_v every_o person_n bear_v within_o the_o king_n dominion_n be_v a_o liege_n subject_n and_o owe_v natural_a legiance_n and_o all_o male_a person_n of_o 12._o year_n old_a aught_o to_o take_v a_o oath_n for_o the_o demonstration_n of_o their_o natural_a legiance_n which_o be_v call_v legal_a because_o the_o municipal_a law_n have_v prescribe_v the_o order_n and_o form_n of_o it_o to_o be_v do_v at_o the_o leet_n and_o tourn_v and_o this_o natural_a legiance_n be_v absolute_a pure_a &_o indefinite_a &_o be_v original_o due_a by_o nature_n &_o birthright_n &_o be_v call_v alta_fw-la ligeantia_fw-la &_o he_o that_o owe_v this_o be_v call_v subditus_fw-la natus_fw-la the_o oath_n be_v describe_v by_o britton_n c._n 29._o titulo_fw-la who_o write_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o edw._n 1._o the_o effect_n whereof_o be_v you_o shall_v swear_v that_o from_o this_o day_n forward_o you_o shall_v be_v true_a and_o faithful_a to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o truth_n and_o faith_n shall_v bear_v of_o life_n and_o member_n and_o terrene_a honour_n and_o you_o shall_v neither_o know_v nor_o hear_v of_o any_o ill_a or_o damage_n intend_v unto_o he_o that_o you_o shall_v not_o defend_v so_o help_v you_o god_n if_o antiquity_n do_v make_v thing_n more_o venerable_a as_o most_o common_o it_o do_v this_o oath_n of_o natural_a legiance_n at_o the_o turn_n and_o leet_n can_v plead_v as_o large_a prescription_n of_o its_o ancient_a and_o constant_a usage_n as_o any_o one_o thing_n in_o this_o nation_n for_o it_o be_v first_o institute_v by_o k._n arthur_n at_o which_o time_n the_o leet_n be_v call_v folkmote_a viz._n a_o meeting_n of_o the_o people_n and_o this_o appellation_n be_v retain_v in_o london_n to_o this_o day_n among_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o before_o the_o conquest_n 135.136_o lamb._n foe_o 135.136_o it_o it_o thus_o express_v omnes_fw-la principes_fw-la &_o comites_fw-la proceres_fw-la milites_fw-la &_o lib._n homines_fw-la debent_fw-la jurare_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o folkmote_a &_o similiter_fw-la omâ—es_fw-la proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la milites_fw-la &_o lib._n homines_fw-la universi_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la britanniae_fw-la facere_fw-la debent_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la folkmote_a sidelitatem_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la etc._n etc._n hanc_fw-la legem_fw-la invenit_fw-la arthurus_n qui_fw-fr quondam_a fuit_fw-la inclytissimus_fw-la rex_fw-la britonum_fw-la etc._n etc._n huius_fw-la legis_fw-la authoritate_fw-la expulit_fw-la arthurus_n rex_fw-la saracenos_n &_o inimicos_fw-la a_o regno_fw-la etc._n etc._n three_o thing_n considerable_a in_o the_o keep_n of_o turn_v and_o leete_n 1._o time_n 2._o place_n 3._o person_n thus_o far_o you_o see_v the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o court_n and_o the_o ancient_a and_o natural_a privilege_n incident_a unto_o that_o there_o be_v three_o thing_n or_o circumstance_n considerable_a in_o the_o keep_n of_o it_o 1._o time_n 2._o place_n 3._o person_n in_o ancient_a time_n the_o keep_n of_o it_o be_v arbitrary_a at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o lord_n until_o by_o the_o great_a charter_n it_o be_v restrain_v to_o be_v keep_v twice_o a_o year_n non_fw-la aliquis_fw-la vicecome_v vel_fw-la ballivus_fw-la suus_fw-la faciat_fw-la turnum_fw-la suum_fw-la per_fw-la hundredum_fw-la 35._o mag._n 〈…〉_o ea_fw-la 35._o nisi_fw-la bis_fw-la in_o anno_fw-la et_fw-la non_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o loco_fw-la debito_fw-la et_fw-la consueto_fw-la viz._n semel_fw-la post_fw-la pascha_fw-la et_fw-la iterum_fw-la post_fw-la festum_fw-la sancti_fw-la michaelis_fw-la et_fw-la visus_fw-la de_fw-fr franci_fw-la plegio_fw-la tunc_fw-la fiat_fw-la ad_fw-la illum_fw-la terminum_fw-la sancti_fw-la michaelis_fw-la sine_fw-la occasione_n fiat_n autem_fw-la visus_fw-la de_fw-la franciplegio_fw-la sic_fw-la viz._n quod_fw-la pax_fw-la nostra_fw-la teneatur_fw-la et_fw-la quod_fw-la tithr_v a_o teneatur_fw-la integra_fw-la sicut_fw-la esse_fw-la consuevit_fw-la etc._n etc._n notwithstanding_o which_o restraint_n divers_a sheriff_n do_v afterward_o make_v their_o turn_v oftentimes_o in_o lent_n
be_v continue_v and_o the_o authority_n of_o supervisor_n enlarge_v 13._o 5._o eliz_n 13._o for_o the_o take_n and_o carry_v away_o of_o rubbish_n or_o the_o small_a break_a stone_n of_o any_o quarry_n or_o quarry_n within_o any_o such_o parish_n without_o licence_n controllment_n or_o impeachment_n of_o the_o owner_n or_o owner_n so_o much_o as_o shall_v be_v deem_v necessary_a for_o the_o amendment_n of_o high_a way_n and_o in_o default_n of_o any_o such_o quarry_n to_o dig_v in_o any_o private_a ground_n for_o any_o gravel_n sand_n or_o sinder_n and_o to_o gather_v stone_n lie_v upon_o land_n or_o ground_n so_o as_o the_o say_v dig_v be_v not_o in_o the_o garden_n house_n orchard_z or_o meadow_n of_o any_o person_n or_o person_n and_o under_o other_o provision_n in_o the_o say_a statute_n mention_v it_o be_v further_a enact_v that_o the_o hey_n fence_n dike_n or_o hedge_n next_o adjoin_v on_o every_o side_n to_o any_o high_a or_o common_a fairing_n way_n shall_v from_o time_n to_o time_n be_v dike_v scour_v repair_v and_o keep_v low_a and_o all_o tree_n and_o bush_n grow_v in_o the_o high_a way_n cut_v down_o by_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o soil_n whereby_o the_o way_n may_v be_v open_a and_o the_o people_n have_v the_o more_o ready_a and_o easy_a passage_n in_o the_o same_o if_o any_o person_n shall_v not_o do_v it_o he_o forfeit_v 10._o shilling_n 18._o eliz._n 9_o there_o must_v be_v yearly_a six_o day_n use_v and_o employ_v in_o the_o reparation_n and_o amendment_n of_o the_o high_a way_n before_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o nativity_n of_o s._n john_n baptish_n and_o knowledge_n thereof_o to_o be_v give_v in_o the_o church_n the_o next_o sunday_n after_o easter_n and_o upon_o the_o say_a day_n the_o parishioner_n shall_v endeavour_v themselves_o to_o the_o mend_n of_o the_o way_n and_o shall_v be_v chargeable_a as_o follow_v viz_o every_o person_n for_o every_o plow-land_n in_o tillage_n or_o pasture_n within_o the_o parish_n and_o every_o other_o person_n there_o keep_v a_o draught_n or_o plough_n shall_v find_v and_o send_v at_o every_o day_n and_o place_n one_o wain_n or_o cart_n furnish_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n with_o all_o necessary_n meet_v to_o carry_v thing_n and_o also_o two_o able_a man_n with_o the_o same_o upon_o pain_n of_o every_o draught_n make_v default_n 10_o shilling_n every_o other_o householder_n and_o every_o cottager_n and_o labourer_n not_o be_v a_o hire_a servant_n by_o the_o year_n shall_v by_o themselves_o or_o one_o sufficient_a labourer_n upon_o every_o of_o the_o say_a day_n work_v there_o every_o of_o the_o say_a day_n upon_o pain_n every_o one_o make_v default_n each_o day_n twelve_o penny_n every_o person_n except_o such_o as_o dwell_v in_o london_n that_o shall_v be_v assess_v in_o subsidy_n 5_o pound_n in_o good_n or_o 40_o shilling_n in_o land_n or_o above_o and_o be_v none_o of_o the_o party_n chargeable_a by_o any_o former_a law_n but_o as_o a_o cottager_n shall_v find_v two_o able_a man_n every_o of_o the_o say_v six_o day_n to_o labour_n in_o the_o high_a way_n every_o person_n have_v a_o plow-land_n in_o several_a parish_n shall_v be_v chargeable_a to_o the_o make_n of_o the_o way_n where_o he_o dwell_v every_o person_n keep_v in_o his_o or_o their_o hand_n several_a plowland_n in_o several_a parish_n shall_v be_v charge_v to_o find_v one_o cart_n or_o wain_n etc._n etc._n furnish_v for_o the_o amendment_n of_o the_o high_a way_n within_o each_o several_a parish_n all_o occupier_n of_o land_n adjoin_v to_o the_o ground_n so_o adjoin_v to_o any_o such_o high_a way_n where_o any_o ditch_v or_o scour_v shall_v or_o ought_v to_o be_v shall_v from_o time_n to_o time_n ditch_n and_o scour_v in_o his_o and_o their_o ground_n so_o adjoin_v whereby_o the_o water_n convey_v from_o the_o high_a way_n over_o the_o ground_n next_o adjoin_v may_v have_v passage_n over_o the_o say_a ground_n next_o adjoin_v upon_o paâ—ne_n for_o every_o time_n for_o every_o rod_n not_o so_o ditch_v and_o scour_v 12_o penny_n if_o any_o have_v any_o ground_n adjoin_v to_o any_o high_a way_n lead_v to_o any_o market_n town_n shall_v cast_v or_o scour_v any_o ditch_n and_o throw_v the_o soil_n into_o the_o high_a way_n and_o suffer_v it_o to_o lie_v there_o by_o the_o space_n of_o six_o month_n shall_v forfeit_v for_o every_o load_n 12._o penny_n the_o moiety_n of_o the_o forfeiture_n by_o all_o these_o three_o several_a statute_n 19_o 1_o 2._o phil._n ma._n ca._n 8._o 5_o bliz._n 13._o 18_o eliz._n 19_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o churchwarden_n to_o bestow_v upon_o the_o way_n and_o steward_n of_o leet_n have_v power_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o offence_n etc._n etc._n popular_a annoyance_n all_o common_a or_o popular_a nuisance_n do_v to_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a of_o the_o king_n subject_n be_v inquirable_a as_o this_o ancient_a court_n and_o so_o be_v all_o trespass_n at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v popular_a boundary_n if_o any_o ancient_a bound_n mete_n or_o landmark_n be_v withdraw_v and_o take_v away_o such_o as_o distinguish_v hundred_o parish_n tything_n common_a common_a meadow_n and_o common_a field_n to_o avoid_v confusion_n and_o consequent_o dissension_n be_v here_o inquirable_a 18_o edw._n 2._o curse_a be_v he_o that_o remove_v his_o neighbour_n landmark_n and_o let_v all_o the_o people_n say_v amen_n and_o it_o be_v command_v in_o deuteron_n thou_o shall_v not_o remove_v the_o ancient_a bound_n which_o thy_o father_n have_v make_v it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o division_n by_o lot_n and_o boundary_n have_v be_v ever_o hold_v in_o great_a esteem_n in_o all_o age_n even_o among_o the_o heathen_n for_o the_o take_n away_o of_o a_o particular_a boundary_a or_o meet_a which_o concern_v only_o one_o man_n a_o action_n of_o trespass_n lie_v and_o so_o i_o find_v in_o the_o regist_n foe_fw-mi 107_o de_fw-fr petris_fw-la pro_fw-la metis_fw-la positis_fw-la abstractis_fw-la hedge-breaker_n if_o there_o be_v any_o common_a breaker_n of_o hedge_n within_o the_o leet_n who_o tear_v up_o frithe_n and_o fence_n and_o leave_v their_o neighbour_n ground_n subject_a to_o incursion_n of_o cattle_n and_o be_v a_o mean_n that_o many_o trifle_a action_n of_o trespass_n be_v set_v on_o foot_n to_o the_o disquiet_n of_o his_o majesty_n subject_n poundbreach_n if_o any_o break_v any_o common_a pound_n or_o pinfold_n which_o be_v custodia_fw-la legis_fw-la to_o take_v any_o distress_n out_o of_o the_o same_o though_o the_o distress_n be_v tortuous_a and_o without_o cause_n yet_o the_o poundbreach_n be_v unlawful_a for_o that_o the_o cattle_n be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o owner_n may_v have_v a_o replevin_n if_o any_o shall_v rescue_v and_o by_o force_n take_v away_o any_o cattle_n or_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v distreyn_v for_o any_o rent_n amerciament_n or_o other_o cause_n before_o it_o be_v impound_v or_o in_o any_o other_o safe_a custody_n it_o be_v presentable_a rescous_a if_o any_o commit_v any_o rescous_a within_o the_o liberty_n upon_o the_o sheriff_n or_o his_o bailiff_n or_o any_o the_o king_n officer_n in_o disturbance_n of_o they_o from_o take_v and_o detain_v any_o person_n arrest_v bloodshed_n if_o any_o person_n commit_v any_o assault_n whereby_o bloodshed_n do_v ensue_v or_o do_v make_v any_o affray_n or_o outrage_n whereby_o any_o mutiny_n or_o disturbance_n do_v arise_v among_o the_o king_n liege_n people_n it_o be_v popular_a and_o presentable_a 1_o r._n 3_o foe_z 1._o bro._n presentm_n 7_o leet_n 26._o general_n grievance_n the_o subsequent_a offence_n will_v descrve_v that_o mark_n or_o character_n in_o regard_n they_o be_v general_o pernicious_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o their_o fruit_n and_o example_n and_o be_v punishable_a by_o the_o common_a law_n or_o because_o they_o be_v general_o prohibit_v by_o statute_n law_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o public_a weal_n and_o in_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v the_o evil_a member_n of_o a_o state_n and_o realm_n of_o which_o regiment_n the_o common_a barretor_n may_v well_o be_v the_o ringleader_n common_a barrator_n if_o there_o be_v any_o common_a barrator_n within_o the_o liberty_n they_o be_v of_o both_o sex_n scold_n brawler_n common_a malefactor_n disturber_n and_o disquieter_n of_o their_o neighbour_n a_o common_a barretor_n be_v well_o describe_v co._n li._n 8._o foe_n 37._o to_o be_v a_o common_a mover_n and_o stirrer_n up_o or_o maintainer_n of_o suit_n quarrel_n or_o party_n either_o in_o court_n or_o country_n 1_o in_o court_n of_o record_n or_o in_o the_o county_n hundred_o and_o other_o inferior_a court_n 2_o in_o the_o country_n three_o manner_n of_o way_n 1_o in_o disturbance_n of_o the_o peace_n 2_o in_o take_v or_o detain_v of_o possession_n of_o house_n land_n or_o good_n which_o be_v in_o
shall_v permit_v any_o inhabitant_n or_o town_n man_n other_o than_o labourer_n and_o handicraftsman_n or_o person_n invite_v by_o any_o traveller_n to_o continue_v drink_v or_o tipple_a in_o any_o such_o house_n upon_o pain_n to_o forfeit_v for_o every_o such_o offence_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o parish_n ten_o shilling_n drunkard_n and_o afterward_o by_o a_o statute_n of_o 4._o jac._n 5._o and_o entitle_v 5._o 4_o jac._n 5._o a_o act_n to_o repress_v the_o loath_a some_o and_o odious_a sin_n of_o drunkenness_n which_o thereby_o be_v right_o describe_v to_o be_v the_o root_n and_o foundation_n of_o many_o other_o enormous_a sin_n as_o bloodshed_n stab_v murder_n swear_v fornication_n adultery_n and_o such_o like_a to_o the_o great_a dishonour_n of_o god_n and_o of_o our_o nation_n the_o overthrow_n of_o many_o good_a art_n and_o manual_a trade_n the_o disable_n of_o diverse_a workman_n and_o the_o general_a impoverish_n of_o many_o good_a subject_n abusive_o waste_v the_o good_a creature_n of_o god_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o every_o person_n which_o shall_v be_v drink_v and_o thereof_o lawful_o convict_v shall_v within_o one_o week_n after_o conviction_n pay_v 5._o shilling_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o parish_n and_o upon_o refusal_n or_o neglect_n or_o non_fw-la ability_n to_o pay_v it_o to_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o stock_n there_o to_o remain_v six_o hour_n and_o if_o any_o person_n shall_v continue_v drink_v and_o tipple_a in_o any_o inn_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o place_n where_o he_o inhabit_v be_v due_o prove_v in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v limit_v in_o the_o act_n of_o 1_o jaco._n he_o shall_v forfeit_v 3._o shilling_n 4._o penny_n to_o be_v levy_v as_o the_o penalty_n of_o drunkenness_n and_o for_o nonpayment_n to_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o stock_n by_o the_o space_n of_o four_o hour_n that_o all_o constable_n churchwarden_n headborough_n tethingman_n aleconner_n and_o sideman_n shall_v in_o their_o oath_n incident_a to_o their_o several_a office_n be_v charge_v to_o present_v the_o offence_n contrary_a to_o this_o statute_n this_o statute_n appoint_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o ten_o shilling_n upon_o the_o constable_n or_o other_o inferior_a officer_n who_o shall_v neglect_v the_o correction_n of_o a_o drunkard_n or_o levy_v the_o penalty_n upon_o he_o and_o further_o give_v power_n to_o the_o court_n leet_n to_o inquire_v of_o and_o punish_v all_o the_o offence_n in_o these_o two_o act_n so_o as_o the_o presentment_n be_v within_o six_o month_n after_o the_o offence_n these_o two_o act_n by_o a_o latter_a of_o 21_o jaco._n ca._n 7._o with_o the_o alteration_n and_o addition_n therein_o express_v 7._o 21_o jac_fw-la ca._n 7._o be_v to_o be_v put_v in_o due_a execution_n and_o to_o continue_v for_o ever_o and_o whereas_o proof_n of_o two_o witness_n be_v require_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n now_o the_o proof_n of_o one_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a that_o the_o voluntary_a confession_n of_o any_o offender_n against_o either_o of_o the_o say_a statute_n before_o any_o person_n authorize_v by_o the_o say_a act_n to_o minister_v a_o oath_n shall_v suffice_v to_o convince_v the_o party_n so_o offend_v and_o afterward_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o party_n so_o offend_v and_o confess_v shall_v be_v take_v and_o be_v a_o sufficient_a proof_n against_o any_o other_o offend_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o if_o any_o stranger_n shall_v be_v find_v upon_o view_n of_o his_o own_o confession_n or_o proof_n of_o one_o witness_n to_o be_v tipple_a in_o any_o inn_n etc._n etc._n he_o shall_v incur_v the_o like_a penalty_n as_o if_o he_o be_v a_o inhabitant_n to_o be_v levy_v and_o dispose_v as_o in_o the_o say_a act_n of_o 4_o jac._n be_v express_v that_o the_o oath_n limit_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o 4._o jac._n to_o be_v minister_v to_o constable_n etc._n etc._n for_o present_v of_o offence_n contrary_a to_o the_o statute_n shall_v be_v always_o hereafter_o enlarge_v and_o extend_v to_o present_v all_o offence_n do_v contrary_a to_o all_o these_o three_o several_a statute_n according_a to_o the_o several_a alteration_n and_o addition_n in_o the_o same_o 4._o 1_o car._n r_o ca._n 4._o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o car._n regis_fw-la cap._n 4._o entitle_v a_o act_n for_o the_o further_a restraint_n of_o tipple_a in_o inn_n alehouse_n and_o other_o victual_v house_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o every_o alehouse_n keeper_n etc._n etc._n which_o shall_v permit_v any_o person_n not_o there_o inhabit_v to_o tipple_v in_o his_o house_n shall_v incur_v the_o same_o penalty_n and_o in_o such_o manner_n to_o be_v prove_v levy_v and_o dispose_v as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o 1_o jac._n be_v appoint_v for_o suffer_a townsman_n and_o inhabitant_n to_o tipple_v in_o their_o house_n and_o keeper_n of_o tavern_n and_o such_o as_o sell_v wine_n in_o their_o house_n and_o do_v keep_v inn_n or_o victual_v shall_v be_v take_v to_o be_v within_o the_o say_v two_o former_a statute_n of_o 1._o and_o 4._o jac._n and_o also_o within_o this_o statute_n of_o 1_o car._n ca._n 4._o 5._o 4_o jac._n 5._o a_o drunkard_n convict_v the_o second_o time_n 7._o 21._o ja._n 7._o be_v to_o be_v bind_v with_o two_o surety_n to_o the_o good_a behaviour_n from_o thence_o forth_o every_o alehousekeeper_n which_o shall_v be_v convict_v for_o any_o offence_n against_o any_o the_o branch_n of_o either_o of_o the_o two_o former_a law_n and_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o statute_n shall_v for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o year_n after_o his_o conviction_n be_v utter_o disable_v to_o keep_v any_o such_o alehouse_n drunkard_n who_o shall_v be_v a_o drunkard_n there_o be_v no_o law_n or_o ordinance_n so_o exact_o make_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o state_n but_o the_o enemy_n of_o mankind_n and_o his_o minister_n and_o member_n will_v invent_v some_o device_n and_o machination_n to_o elude_v it_o as_o to_o that_o good_a law_n against_o that_o odious_a sin_n of_o drunkenness_n there_o be_v a_o great_a disputation_n grow_v as_o if_o there_o be_v need_n of_o a_o new_a act_n to_o interpret_v it_o who_o shall_v be_v account_v a_o drunkard_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o famous_a in_o that_o faculty_n none_o shall_v be_v deem_v a_o drunkard_n unless_o he_o be_v so_o bereave_v of_o his_o memory_n reason_n sense_n and_o understanding_n that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o know_v the_o difference_n between_o his_o head_n and_o foot_n et_fw-la pedis_fw-la &_o capitis_fw-la quae_fw-la sint_fw-la diserim_n na_fw-fr nesoit_fw-fr but_o such_o sophistical_a symposiarchiste_n must_v look_v back_o upon_o that_o of_o isaiah_n vae_fw-la qui_fw-la consurgitt_n mane_n ad_fw-la ebrietatem_fw-la sectandam_fw-la &_o potandum_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la vesperam_fw-la ut_fw-la vino_fw-la aestueris_fw-la that_o wine_n may_v inflame_v they_o all_o excess_n of_o drink_v ultra_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la which_o do_v inflame_v and_o beget_v a_o distemper_n and_o disorder_n in_o the_o ordinary_a disposition_n of_o nature_n be_v to_o be_v account_v drunkenness_n he_o that_o be_v strenuus_fw-la in_o vino_fw-la and_o can_v carry_v his_o burden_n like_o a_o brewer_n horse_n be_v not_o more_o excusable_a than_o the_o weak_a infirm_a drunkard_n all_o the_o several_a sort_n and_o kind_n of_o drunkenness_n may_v be_v reduce_v under_o two_o regiment_n 1_o the_o one_o sort_n which_o drink_v ad_fw-la insaniam_fw-la till_o they_o be_v so_o mad_a as_o that_o they_o will_v fight_v with_o a_o wall_n or_o with_o their_o own_o shadow_n in_o the_o moon_n light_n 2_o the_o other_o sort_n which_o drink_v ad_fw-la delirium_fw-la till_o they_o fall_v into_o a_o sottish_a and_o swinish_a drowsiness_n the_o psalmist_n 107._o vers_fw-la 27._o describe_v they_o by_o a_o comparison_n of_o ship_n on_o the_o sea_n they_o reel_v to_o and_o fro_o and_o stagger_v like_o a_o drunken_a man_n and_o be_v at_o their_o wit_n end_n i_o need_v not_o speak_v more_o of_o they_o there_o be_v many_o sermon_n and_o tract_n extant_a in_o print_n against_o they_o and_o yet_o a_o man_n may_v common_o with_o grief_n hold_v several_a sort_n of_o they_o reel_v and_o in_o conflict_n with_o the_o stone_n of_o the_o street_n in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o pass_v with_o impunity_n there_o follow_v three_o mischievous_a member_n who_o be_v public_a enemy_n to_o the_o peace_n and_o plenty_n of_o a_o realm_n one_o prey_v upon_o the_o coin_n the_o other_o two_o upon_o the_o corn_n and_o victual_n of_o a_o common_a weal_n usury_n have_v be_v here_o inquirable_a as_o offender_n against_o the_o common_a law_n it_o appear_v by_o glanvill_n li._n 7._o ca._n 16._o that_o their_o good_n and_o all_o their_o chattel_n which_o they_o have_v at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o death_n be_v to_o be_v seize_v to_o the_o king_n use_n and_o their_o heir_n to_o be_v disinherit_v and_o their_o land_n to_o return_v to_o the_o lord_n
any_o detriment_n or_o harm_n shall_v be_v as_o free_v from_o act_v and_o do_v any_o wrong_n for_o as_o they_o have_v idem_fw-la beneficium_fw-la they_o must_v have_v idem_fw-la supplicium_fw-la as_o the_o same_o protection_n in_o good_a action_n so_o the_o same_o correction_n in_o bad_a it_o be_v shirley_n the_o frenchman_n case_n who_o be_v in_o amity_n and_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o king_n philip_n and_o queen_n mary_n join_v and_o conspire_v with_o dâ—â—ers_n subject_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o treason_n against_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n and_o the_o indictment_n conclude_v contra_fw-la ligeantiae_fw-la suae_fw-la debitum_fw-la the_o case_n of_o perkin_n warbeck_n 15._o h._n 7._o and_o of_o the_o portugal_n adherent_n to_o doctor_n lopes_n in_o the_o 36._o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n may_v here_o be_v remember_v to_o this_o purpose_n we_o have_v see_v what_o legiance_n be_v branch_n 2._o branch_n let_v we_o consider_v the_o extent_n of_o it_o in_o its_o explication_n by_o this_o ancient_a oath_n which_o i_o may_v well_o term_v vinculum_fw-la vinculi_fw-la or_o ligamentum_fw-la ligaminis_fw-la that_o legeanee_n faith_n or_o fealty_n which_o be_v annex_v by_o birthright_n be_v by_o this_o oath_n solemn_o explain_v attest_v and_o confirm_v and_o be_v call_v legalis_fw-la ligeantia_fw-la establish_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o ancient_a time_n and_o have_v its_o begin_n with_o the_o national_a law_n of_o this_o island_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o briton_n it_o be_v true_a that_o this_o oath_n do_v not_o create_v the_o legiance_n of_o a_o subject_n but_o do_v demonstrate_v the_o fruit_n of_o faith_n and_o obedience_n which_o must_v ever_o be_v concomitant_a with_o subjection_n for_o as_o it_o be_v grave_o observe_v in_o the_o book_n of_o postnati_a foe_n 64._o subjectio_fw-la fides_fw-la et_fw-la obedientia_fw-la must_v be_v in_o a_o true_a and_o lawful_a subject_n of_o what_o nation_n soever_o and_o can_v be_v sever_v no_o more_o than_o true_a faith_n and_o charity_n in_o a_o true_a christian_a and_o he_o that_o have_v these_o three_o from_o his_o nativity_n be_v ligeus_fw-la regis_fw-la the_o king_n liege_n man_n hence_o i_o infer_v that_o ligeantia_fw-la be_v visibilis_fw-la and_o invisibilis_fw-la visible_a as_o to_o subjection_n and_o obedience_n and_o invisible_a as_o to_o fidelity_n and_o loyalty_n this_o must_v be_v root_v in_o the_o heart_n the_o other_o express_v in_o the_o action_n a_o man_n may_v be_v a_o sâ—â—â—ect_n bear_v and_o actuate_v a_o external_a obedience_n yet_o cordi_fw-la nulla_fw-la side_n he_o may_v be_v disloyal_a in_o the_o heart_n therefore_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n inhibit_v the_o very_a thought_n of_o a_o man_n against_o king_n and_o prince_n the_o anoint_v of_o god_n nolite_fw-la tangere_fw-la unctos_fw-la meos_fw-la he_o do_v not_o say_v ne_o tangite_fw-la but_o nolite_fw-la have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o will_v to_o touch_v my_o anoint_a in_o cogitation_n tua_fw-la regiâ—e_fw-la detrahas_fw-la deprave_v not_o the_o king_n even_o in_o thy_o thought_n many_o more_o precept_n may_v i_o here_o instance_n to_o prevent_v the_o mischivous_a event_n of_o disloyal_a imagination_n and_o to_o confirm_v the_o legiance_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o to_o discover_v agnes_fw-la &_o haedis_fw-la the_o good_a from_o the_o bad_a subject_n the_o prudent_a policy_n of_o pristine_a age_n invent_v form_n of_o oath_n in_o most_o kingdom_n as_o may_v be_v problable_o conceive_v in_o this_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n this_o oath_n of_o legiance_n be_v first_o invent_v by_o king_n arthur_n at_o which_o time_n the_o leet_n be_v call_v folkemote_a viz._n a_o meeting_n of_o the_o people_n and_o this_o appellation_n be_v retain_v in_o london_n to_o this_o day_n among_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o before_o the_o conquest_n it_o be_v thus_o express_v omnes_fw-la principes_fw-la &_o comites_fw-la proceres_fw-la milites_fw-la &_o liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la debent_fw-la jurare_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o folkemote_a &_o &_o fimiliter_fw-la own_v proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la milites_fw-la &_o liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la universi_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la britanniae_fw-la facere_fw-la debent_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la folkemote_a fidelitatem_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la etc._n etc._n hanc_fw-la legem_fw-la invenit_fw-la arthurus_n qui_fw-fr quondam_a fuit_fw-la inclitissimus_fw-la rex_fw-la britonum_fw-la etc._n etc._n huius_fw-la legis_fw-la authoritate_fw-la expulit_fw-la arthurus_n rex_fw-la sacacenos_n &_o inimicos_fw-la à _fw-la regno_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o do_v settle_v and_o counite_a his_o whole_a kingdom_n together_o ita_fw-la consolidavit_fw-la &_o confideravit_fw-la regnum_fw-la britaniae_fw-la universum_fw-la super_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la it_o be_v therefore_o say_v that_o lex_fw-la ista_fw-la diu_fw-la sopita_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o sepulta_fw-la donec_fw-la edgarus_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la illam_fw-la excitavit_fw-la &_o erexit_fw-la in_o lucem_fw-la &_o illam_fw-la per_fw-la totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la firmiter_fw-la observari_fw-la pracepit_fw-la this_o law_n be_v lay_v in_o a_o slumber_n and_o forget_v until_o king_n edgar_n who_o be_v style_v rex_fw-la pacificus_fw-la do_v revive_v and_o bring_v it_o to_o light_n and_o command_v a_o strict_a observation_n thereof_o throughout_o his_o kingdom_n for_o during_o the_o heptarchy_n and_o until_o king_n alfred_n have_v make_v the_o way_n for_o settle_v of_o a_o monarchical_a government_n it_o can_v not_o well_o take_v place_n this_o oath_n afterward_o greâ—_n so_o useful_a and_o advantageous_a for_o the_o absolute_a government_n of_o this_o island_n as_o that_o all_o the_o dane_n who_o be_v disperse_v in_o their_o abode_n among_o the_o english_a and_o refuse_v to_o submit_v to_o this_o oath_n be_v all_o upon_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n brice_n put_v to_o the_o sword_n by_o the_o politic_a direction_n of_o king_n ethelred_n and_o his_o council_n huius_fw-la legit_fw-la authoritate_fw-la eâ—helreduâ—_n rox_n subâ—to_fw-la uno_fw-la codemâ—_n diâ—_n per_fw-la universum_fw-la regnum_fw-la danos_n occidit_fw-la for_o the_o same_o end_n and_o purpose_n as_o be_v herein_o before_o remember_v be_v that_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n just_o conceive_v in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n hold_v an._n tertio_fw-la jacobi_fw-la upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o that_o horrid_a and_o dreadful_a gunpowder_n treason_n as_o our_o late_a learned_a sovereign_n in_o his_o monitorie_a preface_n to_o all_o christian_a prince_n prefix_v to_o his_o apology_n for_o this_o oath_n do_v averte_fw-fr horrenda_fw-la illa_fw-la &_o prodigiosa_fw-la conjuratio_fw-la quae_fw-la per_fw-la tormentarii_fw-la pulveris_fw-la impetum_fw-la destinabatur_fw-la de_fw-la cujus_fw-la immanitate_fw-la nulla_fw-la unquam_fw-la aetas_fw-la conticescat_fw-la that_o most_o horrid_a and_o prodigious_a gunpowder_n conspiracy_n whereof_o no_o age_n will_v ever_o be_v silent_a and_o further_o say_v his_o majesty_n in_o that_o apology_n nec_fw-la in_o alium_fw-la finem_fw-la constitutum_fw-la est_fw-la juramentum_fw-la quam_fw-la ut_fw-la inter_fw-la fideles_fw-la subditos_fw-la &_o perfidos_fw-la proditores_fw-la discrimen_fw-la aliquod_fw-la extaret_fw-la that_o this_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n be_v constitute_v to_o no_o other_o end_n but_o to_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o faithful_a subject_n and_o perfidious_a traitor_n this_o late_a be_v enlarge_v in_o the_o occasional_a particular_n but_o the_o general_a scope_n thereof_o be_v tacit_o and_o implicit_o comprise_v in_o that_o other_o ancient_a and_o well_o digest_v oath_n this_o main_a difference_n stand_v between_o they_o the_o former_a oath_n be_v confine_v as_o toperson_n time_n and_o place_n the_o late_a have_v its_o extension_n to_o all_o person_n without_o any_o exception_n there_o be_v the_o like_a oath_n use_v in_o the_o civil_a or_o imperial_a law_n call_v juramentum_fw-la ligei_n one_o of_o the_o old_a another_o of_o a_o new_a invention_n cite_v lib_n 3_o summae_fw-la hostiensis_n foe_n 773._o and_o thus_o begin_v ego_fw-la t._n juro_fw-la super_fw-la sancta_fw-la dei_fw-la evangelia_n quod_fw-la ab_fw-la hac_fw-la hora_fw-la ero_fw-la fidelis_fw-la contra_fw-la omnem_fw-la hominem_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o civilian_n distinguish_v two_o sort_n of_o oath_n judicial_a and_o extrajudiciall_a and_o their_o oath_n of_o juramentum_fw-la ligei_n vel_fw-la fidelitatis_fw-la they_o rank_n in_o the_o number_n of_o extrajudiciall_a oath_n but_o our_o ancient_a oath_n of_o legiance_n be_v and_o well_o may_v be_v account_v in_o the_o judicial_a number_n and_o my_o reason_n be_v whatsoever_o oath_n be_v administer_v in_o a_o court_n of_o record_n as_o the_o leet_n and_o before_o a_o judge_n of_o record_n as_o the_o steward_n be_v and_o according_a to_o the_o prescript_n form_n of_o our_o common_a law_n be_v judicial_a whatsoever_o oath_n be_v administer_v praeter_fw-la legem_fw-la and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o precise_a rule_n of_o law_n be_v extrajudiciall_a this_o oath_n be_v not_o so_o administer_v but_o juxta_fw-la legem_fw-la &_o normam_fw-la legis_fw-la and_o therefore_o be_v not_o extrajudiciall_a but_o why_o do_v i_o endeavour_v to_o light_v a_o candle_n at_o noon_n or_o to_o explain_v that_o which_o be_v plain_a enough_o in_o itself_o 1_o first_o for_o the_o time_n it_o be_v indefinite_a
every_o private_a person_n the_o end_n of_o all_o war_n shall_v be_v peace_n bellum_fw-la geritur_fw-la ut_fw-la pax_fw-la acquir_fw-la atur_fw-la 1_o it_o be_v just_a cause_n of_o war_n when_o public_a negotiation_n and_o commerce_n be_v interrupt_v or_o disturb_v and_o for_o recovery_n of_o thing_n wrongful_o and_o by_o force_n take_v fiom_n we_o by_o foreign_a enemy_n 2_o or_o if_o any_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o usurp_v upon_o the_o king_n right_a of_o dominion_n in_o any_o of_o his_o kingdom_n it_o be_v just_a cause_n of_o war_n after_o that_o david_n by_o god_n direction_n go_v up_o to_o hebron_n and_o be_v anoint_v king_n over_o the_o house_n of_o judah_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o saul_n he_o maintain_v a_o long_a war_n against_o ishbosheth_n the_o son_n of_o saul_n for_o usurp_a the_o kingdom_n of_o israel_n 2_o sam._n 2._o the_o revenge_n of_o a_o injury_n or_o disgrace_n despiteful_o do_v either_o to_o a_o prince_n or_o to_o his_o ambassador_n be_v likewise_o a_o good_a cause_n of_o war_n when_o naash_a the_o king_n of_o the_o child_n of_o ammon_n die_v and_o hanun_n his_o son_n succeed_v in_o his_o stead_n david_n send_v messenger_n to_o comfort_v he_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n their_o entertainment_n be_v not_o suitable_a to_o their_o errand_n hanun_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o prince_n take_v david_n servant_n and_o shave_v they_o and_o cut_v off_o their_o garment_n in_o the_o midst_n a_o natibus_fw-mi usâ—â—_n ad_fw-la pedes_fw-la and_o so_o send_v they_o away_o for_o this_o great_a disgrace_n and_o abuse_v the_o text_n faith_n grandem_fw-la contumeliam_fw-la sustinuerunt_fw-la david_n do_v just_o wage_v battle_n against_o the_o king_n of_o the_o ammonite_n chro._n 1.19_o he_o do_v the_o like_a against_o sheba_n the_o son_n of_o bochri_fw-la a_o man_n of_o belial_n for_o blow_v a_o trumpet_n and_o solicit_v the_o man_n of_o israel_n to_o revolt_v from_o david_n to_o he_o samuel_n 2._o chapter_n 20._o â—â—â—y_v other_o particular_n may_v be_v here_o instance_a next_o how_o far_o the_o preeminence_n of_o a_o king_n as_o to_o life_n and_o member_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v law_n life_n and_o member_n considerable_a by_o the_o common_a and_o statute_n law_n special_o by_o the_o common_a and_o stature_n law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n by_o the_o common_a and_o positive_a law_n of_o england_n the_o subject_n be_v bind_v by_o their_o legiance_n to_o go_v with_o the_o king_n and_o by_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n aswell_o within_o the_o realm_n as_o without_o and_o this_o do_v copious_o appear_v by_o several_a statute_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v but_o declarative_a of_o the_o common_a law_n as_o 1_o ed._n 3._o cap._n 7._o which_o mention_n the_o conveyance_n of_o soldier_n into_o scotland_n gasconie_n or_o elsewhere_o 18._o hen._n 6._o cap._n 19_o which_o make_v it_o felony_n if_o any_o soldier_n retain_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n do_v not_o go_v with_o or_o do_v depart_v from_o his_o captain_n without_o licence_n the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o soldier_n so_o do_v do_v as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o be_v decay_v the_o honour_n and_o reverence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 7._o hen._n 7._o cap._n 1._o forasmuch_o as_o the_o offence_n of_o depart_v or_o not_o go_v do_v stretch_v to_o the_o hurt_n and_o jeopardie_n of_o the_o king_n the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o all_o the_o common_a weal_n thereof_o therefore_o he_o or_o they_o so_o offend_v shall_v not_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n by_o the_o statute_n 11._o hen._n 7._o cap._n 1._o it_o be_v express_v that_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o allegiance_n bind_v to_o serve_v the_o prince_n from_o the_o time_n be_v in_o his_o war_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o he_o and_o the_o land_n against_o every_o rebellion_n power_n and_o might_n rear_v against_o he_o either_o within_o the_o land_n or_o without_o and_o this_o statute_n together_o with_o some_o other_o be_v adjudge_v trin._n 43._o eliza._n to_o be_v perpetual_a act_n and_o not_o transitory_a for_o the_o king_n time_n only_o wherein_o they_o be_v make_v as_o peace_n be_v the_o true_a end_n of_o war_n so_o peace_n must_v be_v preserve_v that_o war_n may_v be_v avoid_v in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n there_o must_v be_v preparation_n for_o war_n by_o cause_v muster_n and_o martial_a meeting_n to_o be_v assemble_v at_o time_n convenient_a and_o therein_o the_o lieutenant_n their_o deputy_n of_o each_o several_a county_n with_o muster-master_n and_o other_o subaltern_a officer_n have_v a_o special_a interest_n of_o employment_n and_o therefore_o provision_n be_v make_v 4._o &_o 5._o p._n &_o m._n for_o the_o better_a order_n of_o muster_n captain_n and_o soldier_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n the_o common_a and_o municipal_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n provide_v for_o suppress_v of_o all_o rebellion_n insurrection_n and_o rietous_a assembly_n to_o which_o end_n the_o king_n commit_v the_o custody_n of_o each_o county_n to_o a_o officer_n very_o ancient_a with_o we_o call_v a_o sheriff_n who_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n and_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n have_v power_n to_o raise_v the_o power_n of_o his_o county_n and_o every_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o attend_v he_o as_o the_o king_n deputy_n in_o cause_n of_o public_a service_n warrant_v by_o the_o law_n and_o this_o officer_n be_v to_o dwell_v in_o his_o proper_a person_n within_o his_o baylywicke_n that_o he_o may_v the_o more_o ready_o attend_v the_o king_n service_n the_o second_o point_n be_v terrene_a honour_n be_v terrene_a honour_n what_o it_o be_v and_o herein_o i_o must_v walk_v wary_o passibus_fw-la aquis_fw-la first_o must_v be_v determine_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o terrene_a honour_n some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v the_o outward_a worship_n and_o ceremonial_a honour_n that_o we_o can_v do_v in_o this_o world_n to_o the_o king_n next_o to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n if_o that_o be_v only_o intend_v by_o these_o word_n it_o be_v but_o a_o shadow_n in_o regard_n of_o substance_n for_o in_o devote_v our_o life_n and_o blood_n be_v comprehend_v the_o high_a pitch_n and_o streyne_v of_o honour_n that_o may_v be_v our_o saviour_n christ_n his_o word_n matth._n 6.25_o be_v not_o life_n more_o worth_a than_o meat_n and_o the_o body_n than_o raiment_n will_v full_o satisfy_v we_o that_o the_o life_n of_o man_n be_v above_o all_o worldly_a riches_n and_o honour_n and_o therefore_o something_o else_o must_v be_v conceive_v out_o of_o these_o word_n more_o than_o a_o shadow_n or_o ceremony_n by_o the_o first_o commandment_n of_o the_o second_o table_n in_o the_o subdivision_n of_o the_o person_n to_o who_o honour_n be_v due_a there_o be_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o many_o divine_n a_o kind_n of_o particular_a honour_n or_o esteem_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o a_o man_n who_o be_v more_o wealthy_a than_o his_o neighbour_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o talon_n of_o terrene_a riches_n wherewith_o god_n have_v endow_v he_o and_o thereby_o enable_v he_o to_o supply_v the_o king_n and_o the_o common_a weal_n by_o render_v his_o respective_a due_n and_o duty_n unto_o they_o in_o a_o large_a proportion_n than_o other_o person_n who_o be_v inferior_a in_o their_o worldly_a mean_n that_o census_fw-la honores_fw-la then_o sithence_o all_o riches_n wealth_n and_o substance_n be_v call_v terrene_a quiae_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o terrenis_fw-la accrescant_fw-la because_o they_o proceed_v and_o have_v their_o be_v out_o of_o earth_n and_o earthly_a thing_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o particular_a honour_n and_o esteem_v and_o of_o distinguish_v the_o degree_n of_o man_n as_o husbandman_n yeoman_n gentleman_n esquire_n and_o the_o like_a and_o also_o of_o cradesman_n both_o of_o merchandise_n and_o manufacture_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o will_v follow_v by_o good_a consequence_n that_o as_o the_o king_n be_v to_o be_v honour_v and_o obey_v with_o life_n and_o member_n so_o with_o earthly_a substance_n according_a to_o the_o dimension_n thereof_o and_o the_o degree_n of_o each_o man_n earthly_a honour_n saint_n paul_n in_o the_o general_n clear_v this_o point_n of_o prerogative_n jure_fw-la divino_fw-la roman_n 13._o omnis_fw-la anima_fw-la potestatibus_fw-la sublimieribus_fw-la subdita_fw-la sit_fw-la etc._n etc._n let_v every_o soul_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o high_a power_n for_o there_o be_v no_o power_n but_o of_o god_n verse_n 2._o whosoever_o therefore_o resist_v the_o power_n resist_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n and_o the_o apostle_n pursue_v it_o with_o ideo_fw-la necessitate_v subditi_fw-la estote_fw-la etc._n etc._n verse_n 5._o wherefore_o you_o must_v needs_o be_v subject_a not_o only_o for_o wrath_n but_o also_o for_o conscience_n sake_n verse_n 6._o for_o this_o cause_n pay_v
you_o tribute_n also_o for_o they_o be_v god_n minister_n attend_v continual_o upon_o this_o verthe_n verse_n seven_o reddite_fw-la ergo_fw-la render_v therefore_o to_o all_o their_o due_n tribute_n to_o who_o tribute_n be_v due_a custom_n to_o who_o custom_n fear_v to_o who_o fear_n honour_n to_o who_o honour_n by_o this_o text_n i_o think_v the_o very_a word_n terrene_a honour_n be_v sufficient_o explain_v in_o the_o general_a word_n debita_fw-la due_n specify_v in_o the_o particular_a word_n tribute_n custom_n etc._n etc._n one_o thing_n more_o be_v worthy_a consideration_n upon_o that_o of_o roman_n 13._o the_o generality_n of_o the_o apostolical_a edict_n omnis_fw-la anima_fw-la subdita_fw-la sit_fw-la etc._n etc._n no_o person_n either_o of_o clergy_n or_o laiety_n be_v here_o except_v though_o bellarmine_n and_o other_o romish_a champion_n will_v have_v bona_fw-la clerici_fw-la tam_fw-la ecclesiastica_fw-la quam_fw-la sacuularia_fw-la the_o good_n of_o a_o ecclesiastical_a man_n as_o well_o spiritual_a astemporall_a to_o be_v free_a from_o tribute_n unto_o secular_a prince_n yet_o by_o their_o favour_n both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o then_o by_o our_o common_a law_n no_o man_n doubt_v it_o all_o ecclesiastical_a person_n as_o they_o make_v a_o part_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n be_v subject_a to_o their_o prince_n aswell_o in_o their_o secular_a good_n whether_o they_o be_v patrimonialia_n seu_fw-la mobilia_fw-la without_o any_o manner_n of_o exemption_n nay_o such_o good_n as_o we_o call_v ecclesiastical_a be_v within_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o have_v a_o general_a charge_n of_o conserve_n all_o subject_n good_n ought_v to_o be_v charge_v with_o necessary_a due_n and_o duty_n to_o the_o king_n for_o if_o they_o be_v as_o they_o be_v upon_o judgement_n liable_a for_o the_o payment_n of_o debt_n to_o particular_a person_n than_o a_o fortiori_fw-la to_o the_o king_n for_o tribute_n tax_n and_o subsidy_n and_o great_a reason_n for_o they_o have_v the_o same_o protection_n with_o some_o more_o privilege_n and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o acknowledge_v the_o same_o subjection_n due_a to_o he_o to_o add_v something_o more_o to_o terrene_a honour_n and_o the_o explanation_n thereof_o it_o must_v signisie_v so_o much_o as_o the_o first_o word_n of_o the_o five_o commandment_n imply_v honour_v a_o patrem_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o be_v receive_v among_o all_o divine_n that_o under_o the_o name_n of_o patris_fw-la &_o matris_fw-la be_v mean_v not_o only_o our_o natural_a but_o our_o civil_a parent_n as_o king_n and_o prince_n and_o other_o constitute_v in_o authority_n under_o they_o and_o by_o the_o word_n honour_n be_v not_o intend_v a_o bare_a outward_a respect_n but_o reverence_v attend_v with_o fear_n honour_n bene_fw-la faciendi_fw-la timor_fw-la male_a agendi_fw-la this_o word_n honour_n do_v first_o include_v all_o those_o duty_n which_o we_o own_o not_o only_o to_o our_o natural_a parent_n but_o to_o our_o prince_n who_o be_v pater_fw-la civilis_fw-la and_o the_o duty_n be_v respective_o these_o viz._n love_n observance_n worship_n obedience_n aid_n and_o supply_v in_o relieve_v their_o necessity_n and_o all_o this_o must_v be_v do_v cord_n over_o &_o opere_fw-la in_o thought_n word_n and_o deed_n the_o second_o duty_n to_o pay_v their_o due_n unto_o their_o prince_n willing_o and_o free_o without_o discontentment_n tribute_n to_o who_o tribute_n etc._n etc._n and_o what_o ever_o payment_n else_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o estate_n partly_o that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o repress_v enemy_n and_o rebel_n and_o partly_o that_o have_v sufficient_a maintenance_n from_o the_o people_n they_o may_v not_o be_v distract_v but_o bend_v their_o whole_a endeavour_n to_o the_o good_a government_n and_o protection_n of_o their_o subject_n s._n ambrose_n comment_v upon_o that_o 13._o to_o the_o roman_n cite_v the_o word_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n in_o s._n matthew_n ca._n 22._o reddite_fw-la que_fw-la sunt_fw-la caesart_n caesari_n give_v unto_o caesar_n that_o which_o be_v caesar_n do_v inter_v huic_fw-la ergo_fw-la viz._n principi_fw-la subjtetend_v sunt_fw-la sicut_fw-la deo_fw-la cujus_fw-la subjectionis_fw-la probatio_fw-la hac_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la illi_fw-la pendunt_fw-la tributa_fw-la vel_fw-la faith_n he_o a_o little_a before_o quae_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la siscalia_fw-la therefore_o the_o people_n must_v be_v subuject_a unto_o their_o prince_n as_o unto_o god_n the_o proof_n or_o badge_n or_o cognizance_n of_o our_o subjection_n be_v that_o we_o pay_v tribute_n or_o such_o thing_n or_o duty_n as_o be_v for_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o king_n treasury_n custom_n tribute_n subsidy_n and_o all_o other_o due_n and_o duty_n be_v therefore_o render_v unto_o the_o prince_n as_o a_o token_n and_o argument_n of_o subjection_n whereby_o his_o subject_n testify_v that_o they_o be_v true_o thankful_a for_o the_o protection_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o the_o power_n which_o be_v from_o god_n a_o modern_a writer_n upon_o the_o pandect_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n fulbeck_n fulbeck_n cap._n 10._o maintain_v and_o well_o he_o may_v that_o in_o the_o law_n of_o tribute_n subsidy_n and_o prerogative_n royal_a all_o nation_n have_v consent_v and_o as_o say_v he_o it_o behove_v every_o monarch_n to_o have_v a_o watchful_a care_n of_o his_o subject_n good_a and_o bend_v the_o force_n of_o his_o mind_n to_o the_o preservation_n and_o maintenance_n of_o their_o safety_n and_o good_a estate_n so_o subject_n shall_v not_o grudge_n to_o pay_v unto_o they_o tribute_n and_o subsidy_n and_o other_o public_a imposition_n that_o all_o necessary_a charge_n may_v be_v substantial_o defray_v all_o convenient_a design_n produce_v into_o act_n and_o condign_o execute_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1_o elizab._n cap._n 3._o touch_v the_o recognise_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n to_o the_o crown_n eliz._n stat_n 1_o eliz._n it_o be_v there_o declare_v by_o all_o her_o subject_n represent_v the_o three_o estate_n of_o this_o realm_n that_o they_o as_o thereunto_o constrain_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o man_n do_v recognize_v her_o majesty_n right_a title_n and_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o do_v hereby_o promise_n that_o they_o will_v assist_v and_o defend_v her_o majesty_n and_o her_o right_n and_o title_n in_o and_o to_o her_o imperial_a estate_n crown_n and_o dignity_n in_o all_o thing_n thereto_o belong_v and_o at_o all_o time_n to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o their_o power_n and_o therein_o to_o spend_v their_o body_n land_n and_o good_n against_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o that_o in_o any_o thing_n shall_v attempt_v the_o contrary_n by_o the_o like_a act_n anno_fw-la primo_fw-la jacobi_fw-la purport_v a_o recognition_n jac._n stat._n 1._o jac._n that_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v lawful_o descend_v to_o king_n james_n his_o progeny_n and_o posterity_n his_o highness_n subject_n do_v thereby_o acknowledge_v his_o majesty_n lawful_a descent_n to_o the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o all_o his_o realm_n â—and_v his_o goodness_n and_o ablenesse_n to_o protect_v and_o govern_v they_o in_o all_o peace_n and_o plenty_n and_o thereunto_o do_v humble_o and_o faithful_o submit_v and_o oblige_v themselves_o their_o heir_n and_o posterity_n for_o ever_o until_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o their_o blood_n be_v spend_v in_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la ca._n 14._o no_o man_n be_v to_o be_v amercy_v but_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o offence_n a_o freeman_n save_v to_o he_o his_o contenement_n that_o be_v his_o free_a hold-land_n a_o merchant_n likewise_o save_v to_o he_o his_o merchandise_n and_o a_o villain_n or_o bondman_n save_v to_o he_o his_o waynage_n or_o gainure_n as_o it_o be_v 3._o ed._n 1._o cap._n 6._o that_o be_v his_o land_n which_o he_o hold_v in_o villeinage_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o salvo_fw-la be_v as_o be_v just_o conceive_v that_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v respective_o enjoy_v by_o the_o owner_n of_o they_o and_o thereby_o they_o may_v have_v where_o withal_o to_o sustain_v themselves_o and_o their_o family_n and_o to_o pay_v their_o duty_n to_o their_o prince_n it_o be_v most_o infallible_o true_a and_o no_o man_n can_v just_o impugn_v it_o that_o the_o king_n have_v power_n aswell_o of_o terrene_a honour_n that_o be_v a_o man_n estate_n as_o of_o his_o life_n 1_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n as_o a_o sign_n or_o character_n of_o our_o subjection_n 2_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o regardful_a thankfulness_n for_o his_o vigilant_a and_o assiduous_a care_n pain_n and_o protection_n 3_o by_o our_o own_o provincial_a law_n as_o the_o sinew_n of_o the_o state_n preservation_n thesaurus_fw-la regis_fw-la securitas_fw-la plebis_fw-la the_o king_n treasury_n be_v the_o people_n security_n money_n be_v the_o strength_n of_o a_o state_n but_o the_o mode_n reddendi_fw-la the_o manner_n of_o render_v to_o our_o prince_n his_o due_n â—odoâ—reddendi_fw-la 2_o branch_n
in_o the_o multitude_n of_o counsellor_n there_o be_v safetic_a prov._n 11.14_o every_o purpose_n be_v establish_v by_o counsel_n and_o with_o good_a advice_n make_v war_n prov._n 30.18_o moses_n have_v jethro_n and_o aaron_n joshua_n the_o son_n of_o nun_n his_o successor_n caleb_n and_o eleazar_n the_o high_a priest_n for_o his_o privy_a counsellor_n david_n have_v his_o succession_n of_o counsellor_n samuel_n the_o prophet_n jonathan_n who_o love_n to_o he_o be_v wonderful_a abiathar_n the_o priest_n and_o nathan_n also_o a_o prophet_n with_o many_o other_o to_o return_v to_o our_o own_o nation_n king_n ine_fw-mi have_v his_o cinredus_n who_o he_o call_v his_o father_n hedda_n and_o erkenwald_n his_o bishop_n with_o many_o other_o alfred_n have_v his_o plegmund_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n werefridus_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n and_o other_o athelstane_n edict_v his_o law_n exit_fw-la prudenti_fw-la vlfhelmae_n archiepiscopi_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la consilio_fw-la by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o archb._n and_o other_o bishop_n and_o so_o successive_o the_o king_n of_o england_n ever_o have_v as_o before_o their_o privy_a counsel_n such_o and_o so_o many_o as_o the_o prince_n shall_v think_v good_a who_o do_v consult_v daily_o or_o when_o need_n be_v of_o the_o weighty_a matter_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o give_v therein_o to_o their_o prince_n the_o best_a advice_n they_o can_v the_o prince_n do_v participate_v to_o they_o all_o or_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a such_o legation_n and_o message_n as_o come_v from_o foreign_a prince_n such_o letter_n or_o occurrent_n as_o be_v send_v to_o himself_o or_o his_o secretary_n every_o counsellor_n have_v a_o particular_a oath_n of_o faith_n and_o secrecy_n administer_v to_o he_o before_o he_o be_v admit_v a_o privy_a counsellor_n to_o show_v the_o extraordinary_a regard_n and_o royal_a use_n of_o the_o king_n counsel_n counsel_n the_o regard_n â—_o the_o privy_a counsel_n let_v we_o look_v back_o upon_o the_o case_n of_o 5._o hen._n 4._o upon_o a_o agreement_n for_o a_o exchange_n have_v for_o the_o castle_n of_o barwick_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n wherein_o the_o king_n promise_v to_o deliver_v the_o earl_n land_n and_o tenement_n to_o the_o value_n of_o that_o castle_n by_o these_o word_n per_fw-la advise_v &_o assent_v des_fw-fr estate_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr realm_n &_o son_n parliament_n etc._n etc._n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o his_o realm_n so_o as_o the_o parliament_n be_v before_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n luke_n or_o otherwise_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o great_a counsel_n and_o other_o estate_n of_o his_o realm_n who_o the_o king_n shall_v assemble_v before_o the_o say_a feast_n in_o case_n there_o be_v no_o parliament_n before_o etc._n etc._n as_o by_o the_o instrument_n thereof_o date_v at_o lichfield_n 27._o aug._n 5._o hen._n 4._o remain_v in_o the_o tower_n may_v appear_v to_o this_o counsel_n the_o oracle_n of_o the_o common_a law_n the_o grave_n and_o reverend_a judge_n leges_fw-la loquentes_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la god_n grant_v in_o all_o succession_n they_o may_v be_v so_o have_v have_v their_o resort_n from_o time_n to_o time_n in_o all_o age_n for_o advice_n and_o direction_n in_o their_o proceed_n aswell_o in_o criminal_a cause_n as_o in_o matter_n of_o right_a and_o property_n as_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o learned_a lord_n chancellor_n i_o will_v touch_v but_o two_o which_o be_v cite_v by_o that_o honourable_a judge_n in_o case_n of_o property_n thomas_n vghtred_a knight_n bring_v a_o forme-don_a against_o a_o poor_a man_n and_o his_o wife_n they_o come_v and_o yield_v to_o the_o demandant_n which_o seem_v suspicious_a to_o the_o court_n the_o matter_n be_v examine_v judgement_n be_v stay_v because_o it_o be_v suspicious_a and_o thorp_n say_v that_o in_o like_a case_n of_o giles_n blacket_n it_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o parliament_n and_o faith_n he_o we_o be_v command_v that_o when_o any_o like_a case_n shall_v come_v we_o shall_v not_o go_v to_o judgement_n without_o good_a advice_n wherefore_o sue_v to_o the_o council_n and_o as_o they_o will_v have_v â—s_a to_o do_v we_o will_v and_o otherwise_o not_o in_o this_o case_n 2._o greene_n and_o thorpe_n be_v send_v by_o the_o judge_n to_o the_o king_n council_n where_o there_o be_v twenty_o four_o bishop_n and_o earl_n to_o demand_v their_o advice_n touch_v the_o amendment_n of_o a_o writ_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 14._o ed._n 3._o cap._n 6._o which_o be_v a_o act_n make_v for_o amend_v of_o record_n defective_a by_o misprision_n of_o clerk_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o this_o council_n be_v that_o great_a and_o common_a council_n solemn_o call_v the_o form_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o sheriff_n follow_v in_o these_o word_n rex_fw-la viz._n s._n etc._n etc._n quia_fw-la sie_n avisamento_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la concilii_fw-la nostri_fw-la pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la statum_n &_o defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la anglicanae_n concernentibus_fw-la quoddam_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la apud_fw-la civitatem_fw-la nostram_fw-la w._n etc._n etc._n teneri_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la et_fw-la ibidem_fw-la cum_fw-la praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la et_fw-la proceribus_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la et_fw-la tractare_fw-la tibi_fw-la etc._n etc._n wherein_o these_o thing_n be_v worthy_a observation_n 1_o that_o this_o great_a court_n be_v assemble_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n express_v in_o his_o writ_n under_o his_o great_a seal_n with_o testae_fw-la meipso_fw-la 2_o this_o power_n be_v extend_v with_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o his_o right_a honourable_a privy_a council_n his_o grace_n favour_n and_o providence_n by_o call_v a_o parliament_n to_o parley_v and_o treat_v with_o his_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a as_o also_o with_o his_o commons_o who_o by_o their_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n as_o their_o respective_a proxy_n elect_v by_o and_o with_o the_o popular_a suffrage_n of_o the_o freeman_n of_o every_o county_n city_n town_n or_o borough_n do_v make_v up_o the_o body_n of_o that_o great_a court_n and_o do_v there_o meet_v to_o yield_v and_o consent_n unto_o such_o matter_n as_o shall_v be_v there_o treat_v and_o establish_v 4_o the_o subject_n of_o a_o treaty_n or_o parliament_n that_o be_v certain_a difficult_a and_o urgent_a occasion_n concern_v his_o majesty_n his_o royal_a state_n and_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o church_n this_o high_a court_n consist_v of_o two_o honse_n the_o high_a or_o upper_a where_o the_o king_n and_o his_o barony_n or_o nobility_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a do_v take_v their_o place_n and_o the_o low_a house_n where_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n be_v assemble_v for_o the_o commons_o consist_v when_o m._n crompton_n write_v his_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n of_o 439._o person_n the_o king_n have_v the_o only_a power_n to_o appoint_v it_o his_o gracious_a favour_n be_v to_o give_v life_n and_o beginning_n to_o it_o by_o his_o own_o personal_a access_n in_o most_o royal_a state_n and_o as_o sinis_fw-la coronal_z opus_fw-la he_o crow_v and_o perfect_v all_o the_o act_n of_o this_o great_a assembly_n with_o his_o royal_a assent_n without_o which_o no_o bill_n can_v pass_v nor_o law_n be_v make_v though_o there_o be_v no_o write_a act_n of_o parliament_n extant_a before_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o yet_o some_o have_v sollicitous_o labour_v to_o draw_v the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o thrice_o excellent_a court_n of_o parliament_n from_o king_n arthur_n time_n to_o king_n ine_fw-mi offa_n ethelred_n alfred_n and_o other_o before_o the_o conquer_v our_o with_o a_o successory_a continuance_n until_o this_o present_a age_n and_o collect_v and_o infer_v that_o the_o word_n use_v by_o k._n inas_fw-la in_o the_o proem_n of_o his_o law_n exhortatione_n etc._n etc._n omnium_fw-la aldermannorum_fw-la mcor'um_fw-la &_o seniorum_fw-la sapientum_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la and_o the_o like_a word_n of_o offa_n and_o other_o king_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n and_o that_o the_o word_n of_o conventus_fw-la sapientum_fw-la use_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o son_n of_o alfred_n the_o word_n of_o conventus_fw-la omnium_fw-la nobilinm_fw-la &_o sapientum_fw-la use_v by_o king_n athelftane_n cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la sapientum_fw-la use_v by_o king_n edgar_n haec_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la rex_fw-la &_o sapientes_fw-la mention_v of_o king_n ethelred_n and_o the_o like_a of_o other_o king_n shall_v include_v the_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o the_o parliament_n whether_o this_o most_o eminent_a court_n be_v in_o those_o ancient_a day_n assemble_v and_o exercise_v in_o that_o manner_n as_o now_o it_o be_v dubium_fw-la est_fw-la dubitare_fw-la liceat_fw-la doubtfulness_n be_v a_o fluctuation_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o in_o historical_a matter_n of_o indifferency_n that_o concern_v
not_o our_o christian_a faith_n and_o legiance_n to_o our_o saviour_n nor_o our_o natural_a or_o civil_a legiance_n to_o our_o sovereign_n can_v be_v interdict_v to_o the_o poor_a thought_n sure_o i_o be_o this_o court_n be_v so_o ancient_a and_o of_o such_o transcendent_a honour_n and_o justice_n as_o blow_n com.fo_fw-la 399._o observe_v that_o none_o ought_v to_o imagine_v any_o dishonourable_a thought_n of_o it_o and_o why_o it_o must_v be_v so_o esteem_v ratione_fw-la person_n regis_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o the_o king_n sacred_a person_n who_o be_v there_o present_a and_o precedent_n of_o that_o great_a assembly_n as_o also_o the_o law_n there_o make_v be_v establish_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n and_o be_v obligatorie_n both_o to_o king_n and_o people_n the_o parliament_n be_v call_v with_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n what_o be_v the_o end_n of_o their_o meeting_n sir_n thomas_n smith_n in_o his_o common_a wealth_n of_o england_n l._n 2._o c._n 2._o shall_v speak_v for_o i_o the_o parliament_n the_o king_n royal_a assent_n be_v have_v parliament_n power_n of_o a_o parliament_n abrogate_v old_a law_n and_o make_v new_a give_v order_n for_o thing_n past_a and_o thing_n after_o to_o be_v follow_v change_v the_o right_a and_o possession_n of_o private_a man_n legitimate_v bastard_n establish_v form_n of_o religion_n give_v form_n of_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n define_v of_o doubtful_a right_n whereof_o no_o law_n be_v already_o make_v appoint_v subsidy_n tail_n tax_n and_o imposition_n give_v most_o free_a pardon_n and_o absolution_n restore_v in_o blood_n and_o name_n with_o many_o such_o preeminence_n in_o this_o great_a assembly_n no_o revile_v nor_o nip_a word_n must_v be_v use_v and_o if_o any_o speak_v unreverent_o or_o sedicious_o against_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o privy_a council_n they_o have_v not_o no_o be_v interrupt_v but_o just_o send_v unto_o the_o tower_n by_o the_o authoâ—â—tie_n of_o the_o house_n those_o that_o be_v member_n of_o that_o body_n must_v come_v with_o a_o prepare_a heart_n to_o consult_v together_o to_o give_v counsel_n and_o advertisement_n what_o be_v good_a and_o necessary_a for_o the_o common_a weal_n they_o must_v come_v with_o cheerful_a resolution_n to_o supply_v the_o prince_n his_o want_n they_o must_v cast_v off_o all_o rancour_n spleen_n and_o private_a malignancie_n for_o locus_fw-la facer_n est_fw-la i_o will_v second_v it_o with_o the_o word_n of_o a_o great_a judge_n a._n co._n inftit_fw-la foe_fw-mi 110._o a._n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o court_n make_v enlarge_v diminish_v abrogate_v repeal_v and_o revive_v law_n statute_n act_n and_o ordinance_n concern_v matter_n ecclesiastical_a capital_a criminal_a common_a civil_a martial_a maritine_n and_o the_o rest_n what_o can_v a_o parliament_n do_v as_o a_o great_a peer_n once_o tell_v queen_n elizabeth_n royal_a assent_n be_v have_v be_v it_o not_o then_o a_o heinous_a and_o inexcusable_a crime_n for_o 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precept_n render_v unto_o all_o posterity_n in_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o you_o will_v that_o man_n shall_v do_v to_o you_o 8.1â—_n matth._n 7_o 8.1â—_n do_v you_o even_o so_o to_o they_o for_o this_o be_v the_o law_n and_o the_o prophet_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o reason_n and_o from_o the_o divine_a law_n impose_v in_o the_o scripture_n all_o the_o principal_a and_o fundamental_a law_n of_o our_o kingdom_n be_v subderive_v and_o thence_o by_o secundary_a and_o mediate_a ground_n have_v their_o essence_n and_o consistence_n as_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v at_o first_o not_o write_v in_o any_o judicial_a book_n so_o you_o have_v hear_v before_o that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v at_o first_o leges_fw-la non_fw-la scriptae_fw-la and_o the_o subject_n liberty_n only_o know_v and_o distinguish_v by_o custom_n and_o usage_n these_z not_o write_v law_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o first_o two_o century_n after_o the_o conquest_n be_v much_o obscure_v and_o 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wisdom_n of_o the_o grave_a counsellor_n keep_v the_o
king_n in_o a_o unsteady_a and_o unsettle_a course_n of_o government_n in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n anno_fw-la 1224_o he_o grant_v to_o the_o nobility_n and_o commons_o such_o law_n and_o liberty_n as_o have_v be_v use_v long_a time_n before_o and_o cause_v charter_n to_o be_v make_v one_o call_v magna_n charta_fw-la the_o other_o charta_fw-la forestae_fw-la which_o he_o send_v into_o every_o county_n the_o preamble_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la do_v set_v forth_o 3_o the_o two_o charter_n grant_v 9_o henry_n 3_o that_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o almighty_a god_n the_o advancement_n of_o holy_a church_n and_o the_o amendment_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o king_n of_o his_o mere_a and_o freewill_n do_v give_v and_o grant_v to_o all_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n etc._n etc._n earl_n baron_n and_o to_o all_o of_o his_o realm_n the_o liberty_n follow_v to_o be_v keep_v within_o his_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o ever_o which_o grant_n contain_v in_o all_o 37._o chapter_n in_o the_o twenty_o nine_o the_o great_a liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v grant_v etc._n nullus_fw-la libre_fw-la hâ—_n i_o etc._n etc._n viz._n no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v or_o be_v disseise_v of_o his_o freehold_n or_o liberty_n or_o free_a custom_n or_o be_v outlawed_a or_o exile_v or_o any_o otherwise_o destroy_v nor_o we_o will_v not_o pass_v upon_o he_o nor_o condemn_v he_o but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n we_o will_v sell_v to_o no_o man_n we_o will_v not_o deny_v nor_o defer_v justice_n or_o right_a here_o every_o word_n be_v a_o sentence_n grande_fw-fr in_o grano_fw-la a_o weighty_a matter_n as_o i_o may_v term_v it_o in_o the_o continent_n of_o a_o grain_n herein_o be_v contain_v that_o eximium_fw-la quoddam_fw-la our_o nationall_n liberty_n before_o cite_v and_o a_o epitome_n of_o so_o much_o of_o lex_fw-la terra_fw-la in_o the_o generality_n as_o concern_v the_o kingly_a office_n of_o protection_n fifteen_o grant_v of_o a_o fifteen_o in_o the_o 37._o and_o last_o ch_z the_o clergy_n earl_n baron_n knight_n free_n holder_n and_o other_o his_o subject_n do_v give_v unto_o the_o king_n in_o respect_n of_o both_o those_o charter_n the_o fifteen_o of_o all_o their_o moveable_n and_o the_o king_n do_v grant_v unto_o they_o on_o the_o other_o part_n that_o neither_o he_o nor_o his_o heir_n shall_v procure_v or_o do_v any_o thing_n whereby_o the_o liberty_n of_o that_o charter_n shall_v be_v infringe_v or_o break_v this_o grant_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la though_o it_o carry_v the_o form_n of_o a_o mere_a charter_n ex_fw-la mero_fw-la motu_fw-la &_o spontane_n a_o voluntate_fw-la as_o it_o be_v the_o use_n at_o that_o time_n and_o long_a time_n after_o yet_o be_v it_o a_o paliamentary_a grant_n and_o statute_n and_o be_v call_v the_o great_a charter_n though_o little_a in_o itself_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o weighty_a matter_n comprise_v in_o it_o in_o few_o word_n it_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o all_o the_o fundament_n all_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o only_a basis_n and_o ground_n cell_n which_o support_v the_o superstructure_n of_o all_o the_o law_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o it_o be_v but_o a_o confirmation_n or_o restitution_n of_o those_o not_o write_v law_n before_o mention_v will_v any_o man_n think_v it_o possible_a that_o this_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la can_v ever_o be_v violate_v by_o the_o same_o hand_n that_o make_v it_o the_o king_n be_v young_a mild_a and_o gracious_a but_o easy_a of_o nature_n a_o sin_n not_o in_o itself_o but_o by_o accident_n he_o be_v happy_a in_o his_o uncle_n the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n the_o guide_n of_o his_o infancy_n but_o unhappy_a in_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgo_n his_o justiciary_a and_o other_o those_o liberty_n redeem_v with_o the_o price_n of_o a_o fifteen_o the_o subject_n have_v not_o long_o enjoy_v and_o little_a fruit_n of_o future_a freedom_n more_o than_o for_o the_o present_a like_o a_o glimmer_a sunshine_n in_o a_o unconstant_a calm_n have_v this_o common_a people_n by_o this_o grant_n eftsoons_a the_o cloud_n return_v malum_fw-la in_o malum_fw-la ingruit_fw-la the_o young_a king_n have_v new_o attain_v the_o age_n of_o twenty_o one_o year_n by_o the_o evil_a counsel_n of_o his_o chief_a justice_n hubert_n at_o a_o meeting_n at_o oxford_n in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v by_o open_a proclamation_n frustrate_a and_o cancel_v his_o former_a charter_n make_v in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n under_o pretence_n that_o he_o be_v under_o the_o power_n or_o ward_n of_o other_o so_o it_o follow_v that_o whosoever_o will_v enjoy_v the_o liberty_n before_o grant_v must_v purchase_v their_o charter_n under_o the_o king_n new_a seal_n at_o such_o a_o price_n as_o the_o justiciar_n shall_v award_v this_o be_v greevous_o take_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_z in_o so_o much_o as_o the_o same_o year_n the_o baron_n supplicate_v the_o king_n to_o restore_v the_o charter_n which_o he_o cancel_v at_o oxford_n or_o else_o they_o will_v recover_v they_o by_o the_o sword_n it_o be_v most_o disloyal_a in_o they_o to_o be_v assertores_fw-la libertatum_fw-la and_o to_o enter_v into_o competition_n with_o the_o king_n with_o commination_n of_o the_o sword_n bracton_n who_o write_v long_o before_o leave_v better_a counsel_n behind_o he_o in_o such_o thing_n as_o concern_v the_o act_n of_o the_o king_n si_fw-mi ab_fw-la eo_fw-la petatur_fw-la cum_fw-la breve_fw-la non_fw-la currat_fw-la contraipsum_fw-la if_o any_o thing_n be_v requirable_a from_o he_o since_o he_o be_v liable_a to_o no_o action_n locus_fw-la erit_fw-la supplicationi_fw-la quod_fw-la factum_fw-la suum_fw-la corrigat_fw-la &_o emendet_fw-la he_o be_v to_o be_v supplicate_v that_o he_o will_v reform_v and_o amend_v his_o do_n which_o if_o he_o do_v not_o satis_fw-la ei_fw-la sufficit_fw-la ad_fw-la paenam_fw-la quod_fw-la deum_fw-la expectet_fw-la ultorem_fw-la it_o be_v punishment_n enough_o to_o he_o to_o expect_v the_o lord_n revenge_n observe_v what_o follow_v in_o this_o king_n time_n whilst_o he_o give_v over_o the_o reins_n of_o his_o rule_n to_o young_a unseasoned_a giddy_a brain_n some_o of_o they_o alyens_fw-fr and_o stranger_n the_o grave_a counsellor_n be_v discountenance_v the_o baron_n fall_v into_o factious_a rupture_n and_o the_o repine_a commons_o into_o discontent_a rebellion_n the_o whole_a monarchy_n languish_v all_o thing_n be_v disorder_v and_o out_o of_o frame_n almighty_a god_n look_v down_o from_o heaven_n upon_o the_o vacillation_n and_o incertitude_n of_o this_o vicegerencie_n under_o he_o upon_o earth_n exercise_v his_o own_o supremacy_n address_v one_o of_o his_o great_a messenger_n of_o indignation_n famine_n which_o rage_v with_o that_o violence_n 3_o claus_n an._n 42._o henry_n 3_o that_o the_o king_n be_v enforce_v to_o direct_v writ_n to_o all_o the_o sheriff_n of_o shire_n ad_fw-la pauperes_fw-la mortuos_fw-la sepeliendos_fw-la famis_fw-la inedja_fw-la deficientes_fw-la and_o it_o be_v observe_v fames_fw-la praecessit_fw-la &_o secutus_fw-la est_fw-la gladius_fw-la tam_fw-la terribilis_fw-la ut_fw-la nemo_fw-la inermis_fw-la securè_fw-la possit_fw-la provincias_fw-la pervagare_fw-la the_o civil_a brandishment_n of_o the_o sword_n follow_v every_o where_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o famine_n in_o this_o nationall_n distress_n silent_a leges_fw-la nay_o vix_fw-la legibus_fw-la tempus_fw-la aut_fw-la locus_fw-la scarce_o be_v there_o time_n or_o place_n leave_v for_o claim_n of_o liberty_n or_o execution_n of_o law_n sure_o it_o be_v the_o king_n and_o commons_o have_v but_o little_a ease_n whilst_o his_o absolute_a power_n be_v participate_v not_o deligate_v to_o his_o great_a one_o to_o recount_v the_o various_a trouble_n and_o turmoil_v of_o his_o long_a and_o unsettle_a reign_n be_v the_o work_n of_o a_o sad_a and_o sorry_a history_n afterward_o it_o please_v god_n who_o have_v ever_o a_o particular_a and_o tender_a care_n of_o princesper_n quem_fw-la reges_fw-la regnant_a &_o principes_fw-la dominantur_fw-la towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o reign_n to_o restore_v the_o king_n to_o his_o right_n and_o his_o tire_a subject_n to_o their_o natural_a obedience_n he_o have_v the_o happiness_n to_o call_v a_o successful_a parliament_n at_o marleborough_n 18._o of_o novem._n 52._o of_o his_o reign_n 1267._o and_o therein_o among_o many_o notable_a law_n enact_v he_o solemn_o confirm_v the_o former_a charter_n in_o all_o their_o article_n and_o strict_o enjoin_v the_o observation_n of_o they_o to_o be_v inquire_v before_o the_o justice_n of_o eire_n in_o their_o circuit_n and_o before_o the_o sheriff_n in_o their_o county_n when_o need_n shall_v be_v the_o king_n see_v his_o former_a error_n now_o begin_v to_o balance_v his_o government_n with_o praemio_fw-la &_o paena_fw-la reward_n and_o reprehension_n and_o himself_o with_o a_o equal_a hand_n to_o hold_v the_o scale_n he_o labour_v to_o reform_v all_o that_o be_v amiss_o the_o seat_n of_o judgement_n and_o counsel_n he_o supply_v
be_v present_v by_o the_o peer_n and_o commons_o unto_o his_o majesty_n in_o their_o petition_n of_o right_a concern_v diverse_a right_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n before_o mention_v which_o have_v be_v entrench_v upon_o touch_v their_o life_n person_n and_o estate_n whereupon_o his_o majesty_n do_v full_o free_o and_o gracious_o confirm_v in_o all_o point_v their_o say_a petition_n of_o â—gnt_n with_o soit_fw-fr droit_n fait_fw-fr come_v est_fw-fr desire_n and_o i_o daâ—e_n bold_o say_v his_o royal_a goodness_n have_v be_v of_o himself_o most_o vigilant_o careful_a and_o tender_a to_o observe_v it_o it_o be_v say_v before_o that_o the_o law_n be_v the_o guardian_n of_o liberty_n the_o law_n must_v be_v under_o wardship_n too_o warden_n who_o be_v the_o law_n warden_n who_o then_o be_v the_o law-warden_n the_o king_n original_o be_v entrust_v under_o god_n with_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o law_n under_o he_o the_o learned_a and_o reverend_a judge_n be_v interest_v in_o the_o curator-ship_n of_o the_o law_n and_o in_o they_o of_o the_o life_n liberty_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o at_o their_o first_o investiture_n into_o their_o place_n they_o take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n incident_a to_o their_o great_a office_n by_o that_o oath_n they_o engage_v themselves_o as_o feoffees_a in_o trust_n to_o minister_v true_a right_n between_o king_n and_o people_n and_o to_o execute_v justice_n to_o the_o people_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o thereby_o and_o by_o receive_v the_o weighty_a trust_n from_o and_o under_o he_o for_o the_o custody_n of_o that_o inestimable_a jewel_n the_o law_n they_o be_v to_o acquit_v the_o king_n of_o so_o much_o of_o his_o oath_n i_o can_v here_o forget_v some_o old_a verse_n realm_n have_v rule_n and_o ruler_n have_v a_o size_n which_o if_o they_o keep_v not_o doubtless_o say_v i_o dare_v that_o either_o grief_n the_o other_o shall_v agrize_v till_o the_o one_o be_v lose_v the_o other_o bring_v to_o care_n i_o will_v not_o comment_v upon_o they_o they_o be_v write_v upon_o a_o subject_a of_o 240._o year_n a_o go_v and_o a_o bad_a sample_n thereof_o have_v happen_v in_o our_o time_n law_n be_v the_o size_n of_o rule_n and_o government_n by_o which_o the_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n of_o our_o twelve_o justitiar_n must_v be_v weigh_v and_o guide_v they_o be_v the_o subject_n birthright_n and_o inheritance_n they_o be_v the_o golden_a ring_n by_o which_o the_o king_n at_o his_o coronation_n be_v political_o espouse_v to_o the_o commonweal_n and_o have_v be_v enamel_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o many_o million_o and_o myriad_o of_o soul_n woe_n be_v therefore_o unto_o they_o that_o have_v be_v be_v or_o shall_v be_v the_o violater_n and_o betrayer_n of_o that_o sacred_a trust_n what_o must_v they_o be_v that_o will_v render_v themselves_o guilty_a of_o so_o heinous_a a_o crime_n surely_n none_o of_o jethro_n his_o counsellor_n not_o man_n of_o courage_n nor_o fear_v god_n nor_o love_a truth_n nor_o hate_v covetousness_n they_o must_v be_v in_o their_o condition_n tyrant_n hater_n of_o law_n for_o have_v once_o break_v the_o lore_n of_o law_n they_o fear_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o plumbline_n of_o the_o law_n and_o then_o follow_v quod_fw-la timent_fw-la oderunt_fw-la quod_fw-la oderunt_fw-la destrui_fw-la &_o irritum_fw-la omniò_fw-la esse_fw-la volunt_fw-la what_o they_o fear_v they_o hate_v and_o what_o they_o hate_v they_o will_v utter_o destroy_v oderunt_fw-la impij_fw-la omne_fw-la disciplina_fw-la vincula_fw-la &_o legem_fw-la â—yrannum_fw-la esse_fw-la judicant_fw-la 139._o moller_n in_o psa_n 139._o the_o wicked_a hate_n all_o bond_n of_o discipline_n and_o condemn_v the_o law_n to_o be_v a_o tyrant_n but_o their_o guerdon_n be_v qui_fw-fr peccant_a contra_fw-la legem_fw-la lege_fw-la plectentur_fw-la offender_n or_o subverter_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v have_v their_o demerited_a punishment_n by_o the_o law_n it_o be_v say_v of_o sacrilegious_a church-robber_n frustra_fw-la petunt_fw-la auxi_fw-la lium_o ecclesiae_fw-la etc._n etc._n they_o be_v exclude_v all_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n that_o sin_n against_o the_o church_n the_o law_n be_v the_o temple_n or_o sanctuary_n whether_o the_o subject_n be_v to_o run_v for_o shelter_n and_o refuge_n 4â—_n m._n saint_n johâ—s_v speech_n fol._n 4â—_n if_o the_o warden_n of_o this_o temple_n desert_n their_o office_n and_o abjure_v the_o sanctuary_n let_v they_o expect_v nor_o fuge_fw-la thither_o nor_o other_o but_o the_o law_n to_o be_v testem_fw-la jud_v cem_fw-la &_o satellitem_fw-la their_o witness_n their_o judge_n their_o executioner_n and_o their_o i_o leave_v they_o so_o much_o for_o law_n the_o other_o prop_n or_o pillar_n of_o protection_n be_v arm_n arm_n arm_n whereof_o i_o have_v sufficient_o speak_v before_o for_o so_o much_o as_o concern_v the_o subject_n duty_n and_o legiance_n and_o for_o that_o which_o concern_v his_o majesty_n it_o be_v so_o general_o know_v that_o i_o shall_v need_v to_o give_v but_o a_o touch_n by_o the_o common-law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n no_o man_n be_v chargeable_a to_o arm_v himself_o otherwise_o than_o he_o be_v wont_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o king_n progenitor_n s._n edw._n 1._o and_o no_o man_n be_v compellable_n to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o shire_n but_o where_o necessity_n require_v and_o sudden_a come_n of_o strange_a enemy_n into_o the_o realm_n and_o than_o it_o shall_v be_v do_v as_o have_v be_v use_v in_o time_n pass_v for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n likewise_o the_o prepare_v man_n of_o arm_n and_o convey_v they_o unto_o the_o king_n into_o foreign_a part_n be_v mere_o to_o be_v at_o the_o king_n charge_n and_o howsoever_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 1._o certain_a commissioner_n do_v encroach_v upon_o the_o commons_o and_o compel_v the_o shire_n to_o pay_v wage_n to_o the_o preparer_n conveyer_n and_o soldier_n whereby_o the_o commons_o have_v be_v at_o great_a charge_n and_o much_o impoverish_v the_o king_n do_v will_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o do_v no_o more_o stat._n 1._o edw._n 3._o cap._n 5.7.1327_o and_o 18._o edw._n 3._o cap_n 7._o it_o be_v provide_v that_o man_n of_o arm_n halberd_n and_o archer_n choose_v to_o go_v in_o the_o king_n service_n out_o of_o england_n shall_v be_v at_o the_o king_n wage_n from_o the_o day_n that_o they_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o county_n where_o they_o be_v choose_v till_o they_o return_v those_o statute_n be_v but_o affirmation_n or_o the_o common_a law_n and_o be_v utter_o destructive_a to_o the_o late_a imposition_n of_o coat_n and_o conduct_n money_n and_o such_o like_a levy_n in_o that_o kind_n as_o be_v not_o warrant_v by_o common_a assent_n in_o parliament_n by_o both_o these_o s._n law_n and_o arm_n the_o peace_n and_o unity_n of_o those_o two_o dear_a sister_n the_o church_n and_o common_a weal_n be_v strengthen_v and_o uphold_v and_o in_o both_o these_o the_o prince_n have_v power_n of_o direction_n to_o make_v and_o establish_v law_n to_o raise_v and_o levy_v war_n and_o power_n to_o command_v the_o execution_n and_o expedition_n of_o they_o neither_o of_o these_o be_v act_v without_o counsel_n frustra_fw-la leges_fw-la frustra_fw-la sunt_fw-la arma_fw-la nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la consilium_fw-la and_o it_o be_v a_o true_a rule_n sanissimum_fw-la consilium_fw-la non_fw-la sine_fw-la concilio_fw-la the_o best_a counsel_n be_v from_o a_o council_n or_o assembly_n of_o counsellor_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n as_o you_o hear_v before_o be_v attend_v with_o his_o privy_a council_n which_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a unum_fw-la è_fw-la pluribus_fw-la con_v tutum_fw-la and_o no_o body_n without_o a_o head_n for_o as_o forrescue_v fol._n 30._o say_v quandocunque_fw-la ex_fw-la pluribus_fw-la coâ—st_fw-la tuitur_fw-la unum_fw-la inter_fw-la illa_fw-la unum_fw-la erit_fw-la regens_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la erunt_fw-la recta_fw-la this_o body_n politic_a whereof_o the_o king_n be_v head_n the_o autiquity_n and_o use_n whereof_o i_o have_v sufficient_o before_o remonstrate_v be_v at_o end_v with_o two_o great_a nuntioe_n angelis_n è_fw-la caelum_fw-la justice_n and_o mercy_n they_o be_v ornamenta_fw-la coronae_fw-la the_o precious_a diadem_n of_o the_o king_n crown_n they_o be_v columnae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la the_o two_o main_a supperâ—ers_n of_o regal_a dignity_n by_o the_o one_o s._n his_o justice_n he_o have_v potestatem_fw-la praeveniendi_fw-la and_o subveniendi_fw-la a_o power_n by_o make_v of_o law_n send_v forth_o his_o edict_n and_o proclamation_n of_o prevent_v all_o capital_a and_o criminal_a offence_n all_o homicide_n rapine_n oppression_n injury_n rebellion_n mutiny_n and_o all_o greevance_n whatsoever_o either_o of_o force_n or_o frand_n and_o either_o against_o the_o person_n or_o estare_fw-la of_o his_o majesty_n subject_n and_o if_o prevention_n be_v not_o available_a â—â—in_o natural_a so_o in_o civil_a disease_n it_o sometime_o fail_v then_o must_v his_o power_n of_o subveniendi_fw-la be_v administer_v and_o that_o by_o 〈…〉_o execution_n