parts King Dionysio his father but was far inferior to him in the Virtue of Liberality he is blamed also for the immoderate love he had to the exercise of Hunting He took for his Device a Stone upon which stood an Eagle with his Wings expanded This was the Soul ALTIORA PETO to signifie that he aspired to High and Celestial things Children of ALPHONSO IV. King OF PORTUGAL and of BEATRIX OF CASTILLE his Wife ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL dyed young at Penelle and lieth in the Church of St. Dominick at Santarem Nunez DIONYSIO OF PORTUGAL deceased at a year old and was inhumed in the Church of the Abbey of Alcobace at the feet of King Alphonso III. his great Grand-father JOHN OF PORTUGAL dyed also in his youth and was ensepultured at Odiuelles a Monastery of Religious dedicated to St. Bernard near unto King Denis his Grand-father PETER succeeded his father in the Kingdom OF PORTUGAL and continued the Line MARY OF PORTUGAL Queen of CASTILLE was conjoyned in Marriage with Alphonso XI CASTILLE King OF CASTILLE AND LEON EscarteleÌ„ Au 1. 4. de gueulles au Chasteau d'or au 2. 3. d'argent au lyon de pourpre eldest son of King Ferdinand IV. Her Marriage She was espoused unto him in the Year One thousand three hundred eight and thirty and they had issue Peter the Cruel King of Castille MARY deceased Years of CHRIST 1338 at Evora and was interred in the Chappel Royal having in her life-time suffered many indignities For Alphonso her Husband forsook her and bestowed his affections upon Leonora de Gasman his Concubine An History of Spain tells us that she dyed in the Year Party de PORTUGAL One thousand three Years of CHRIST 1356 hundred six and fifty Her too much freedom and prodigal Carriage to Martin Tellez a Portugal Lord Mariana Lib. 16. C. 22. was the cause why she was poysoned by her brother nay some stick not to say by her own father Alphonso XI left this world in the Year One thousand three hundred and fifty after he Years of CHRIST 1350 had by the Aid of the King of Portugal his father-in-Father-in-law vanquished the Moors at Teriffa as we have before written LEONORA OF PORTUGAL Queen of ARRAGON had for her Spouse PETER IV. ARRAGON D'or a quatro pals de gueulles King of ARRAGON Her Marriage eldest Son of King Alphonso IV. and of Teresa Countess of Urgel This Marriage was consummated in the Year One thousand three hundred eight Years of CHRIST 1348 and forty Party de PORTUGAL Peter being at that time a Widower his first Wife was Mary of Navarre He deceased at Barcelona in the Year One thousand three hundred fourscore and seven aged Seventy five years By this Princess of Portugal he had only a daughter named Beatrix who dyed young and was entombed in the Cathedral Church of Lisbonne near unto the body of Beatrix of Castille her Grand-mother 8. PETER KING of PORTUGAL and the ALGARVES CHAP. IX PORTUGAL Comme cy devant PORTUGAL Party de MANUEL De gueulles a un bras au naturel aile d'or mouuant du second party tenant une EspeeÌ„ d'argent garnia d'or EscarteleÌ„ d'Argent au lyon de pourpre couronne d'or His Birth He first saw the light of day in the Year One thousand three hundred and twenty the Nineteenth day of the Month of April and was also in the Years of CHRIST 1320 Seven and thirtieth year of his age when his fathers death made his way to the Crown the end of whose Reign was sad and mournful occasioned by the death of CONSTANCE MANUEL this his sons Wife who was Daughter of the Infant John Manuel Duke of Penastel Marquess of Vilena and Siegnour of Asâ—alona who was son of the Infant Emanuel issued from Ferdinand III. King of Castille as hath been said before Nâ—â—â—z PETER had been before married to Blanche the daughter of Peter King of Castille whom he repudiated This Princess CONSTANCE was Entombed in the Abbey of St. Francis at Santarem Among the Ladies of Honour which attended her at Court the principal was Agnes de Castro daughter of Pedro-Fernando de Castro the most Excellently qualified Lord of Galicia Ga ibay and nearly related both to the Kings of Castille Mariana and Portugal This Lady being adorned with many beauties both of body and mind attracted the Affection of Prince PETER in the life time of his Wife Constance and after whose decease he clandestinely married as he afterwards confirmed by his Solemn Oath But some Lords of the Court having conceived a secret envy against her supposing her to be instrumental to incite the young Prince to prefer and agrandize her relations and kindred perswaded the King Alphonso IV. to put her to death Nunez Vasconcellius which was accordingly executed But the young Prince PETER conceived so great a displeasure and indignation thereat that he not only took Arms against his father but put to cruel torments the Instruments of this wicked assassination During his whole Reign he deported himself so to the Kings his Neighbours that although they were continually infested with grand Warres and troubles with which the Kingdoms of Castille and Arragon were often afflicted his Estate on the contrary had the happiness to enjoy under him a blessed and happy Peace He raised two Proud and Magnificent Tombs in the Abbey of Alcobace one for himself the other for Agnes de Castro whose Effigies was to be seen upon this Monument adorned with a Royal Diadem to signifie that he owned her for his Queen and Wife Also he caused Royal Obsequies to be performed at her Burial In fine when he had ruled the Scepter of Portugal for the space of ten years seven months and eight dayes he expired at Estremos in January His death in the Year One thousand three hundred threescore and seventeen He had Years of CHRIST 1377 for his Device a Star with these words Mariana Nunez MONSTRAT ITER which he took in Memory of the three Kings who were conducted by the Star going to adore our Lord at his Nativity Children of PETER King OF PORTUGAL and of CONSTANCE MANUEL his Wife DIONYSIO OF PORTUGAL whom some by error name Lewis dyed in his infancy FERDINAND King OF PORTUGAL whose History is contained in the Chapter following MARY OF PORTUGAL was married unto FERDINAND OF ARRAGON ARRAGON D'or a quatre pâ—ls de gueulles Party de PORTUGAL Marquess of Tortosa and Lord of Albarazzin son of Alphonso IV. King of Arragon and of Leonora of Castille his Wife This Prince was slain in a place called Chastillon by the command of his Brother there having several quarrels fell out betwixt them and upon a suspicion that he had that this Prince would attempt the Crown This violent death hapned in the Year Mariana Lib. 17. C. 8. One thousand three hundred Years of CHRIST 1363 threescore and three Natural Children of
Philip II. King of Spain of the Elder but it is rather to be thought that he was incited to put in his Claim by the rest of the Pretenders who knew that of the Competitors that were not Natives he was the fittest Person of all others to resist and annoy King Philip not only by reason of his Personal Valour but also because of his Countries bordering upon the Dutchy of Milan which with the assistance of the French his Neighbours on the other side and Pretenders to that Dukedom he might with ease at all times invade V. Of Anthony Prior of Crato HE was the Fifth Competitor for the Realm of Portugal who alledged That his Mother was lawfully wedded to his Father and endeavoured by all means to Clear the Aspersion of his illegitimation But Anthony was held Directly Unlawful having alwayes lived in that opinion and was so held by his Father Lewis at his Death as it appeared by his Testament That of Four Witnesses that were to prove his Legitimation Two were convinced to be false for they recanted confessing they had been suborned by Anthony and the other Two were suspected being neer Kinsmen and disagreeing betwixt themselves And that although he had demanded his Legitimation at Rome and had obtained it yet could not any Royal or Pontifical Legitimation serve for the Succession of a Kingdom VI. Of Raynucio Prince of Parma THe Sixth who made Claim to this Kingdom was Raynucio the young Prince of Parma who demanded it in the right of his Mother the elder Daughter to the Infante Edward alledging That Jure Progeniturae the Male-line was to be served before the Female so that until the Line of his Grand-father Prince Edward were wholly extinct neither Philip II. nor the Duke of Savoye could have any pretence to that Kingdom And against the Dutchess of Braganza he argued That he ought to precede her as being descended of the elder Sister Against the Duke of Parma it was not denyed but that he preceded the Catholique King and so consequently the Duke of Savoye but as to the Dutchess of Braganza she pleaded That Raynucio could not aid himself with the benefit of Representation being the Son of her Sister deceased and therefore out of the degree wherein the Laws allow it VII Of Katherine Dutchess of Braganza THe Seventh Competitor for the Crown of Portugal was Katherine Dutchess of Braganza younger Daughter of Prince Edward alledging That in all Successions whatsoever these Four Qualities were to be considered viz. The Line the Degree the Sex and the Age that the better Line ought in Justice first to take place although others should have advantage in all the othet three Qualities That in all Successions of Crowns the last Possesser was to be succeeded Jure hereditatis which allowed the Benefit of Representation That she representing the Infant Don Edward the better Line did by Representation precede Raynucio the Law never allowing a Grand-child that benefit and that by her better Line she did exclude King Philip who was descended of a Daughter but especially by the fundamental Laws of the Kingdom put in execution against Beatrice Daughter of Ferdinand IX King of Portugal who having married out of the Kingdom to the King of Castille her Right of succeeding was utterly lost and King John I. chosen in her stead she was to be preferred before all Claimers whomsoever in regard of her being both Born and Married within the Kingdom Nor can it be thought hard measure to the Dukes of Parma being descended from Prince Edwards elder Daughter to be excluded the Succession to the Crown of Portugal and the Dukes of Braganza derived from the younger and Married to a Native of Portugal to have the undoubted Right if we consider that by the same Law of Lamego the Crown descended to King Emanuel himself which otherwise had belonged unto the same Beatrice Queen of Castille only Daughter of King Ferdinand IX VIII Of Philip II King of Castille PHilip II. King of Castille was the Eighth and last Pretender who having employed all the best Wits in Christendom to confute and disprove all other Claims and to prove and maintain his Alledged That the Succession of Crowns was to be decided by the Law of Nations not of the Empire upon which only her Jus representandi Patrem was grounded That the nearest male in degree to the last Possesser ought to succeed That the Infant Don Edward being deceased before his Brother Henry was King could have no right in himself and therefore could derive none to his Posterity for Nemo dat quod in se non habet that it was very unreasonable that Katherine should be less prejudiced in her self for her Sex than King Philip should be for his Mother THE Severall Emblems and Mottoes of the Kings of PORTUGAL ALPHONSO IV. ALTIORA PETO PETER MONSTRAT ITER FERDINAND CVR NON VTRVNQVE IOHN I. ACVIT VT PENETRET EDWARD LOCO ET TEMPORE IOHN II. PRO LEGE ET GREGE EMANVEL PRIMVS CIRCVMDEDISTI ME. IOHN III IN HOC SIGNO VINCES SEBASTIAN SERENA CELSA FAVENT HENRY FESTINA LENTE PHILIP II III IV. Of that NAME KINGS OF SPAIN And 19 20 21. KINGS of PORTUGAL CHAP. XX. BUt it was no Arguments could confute or annul the certain and indubitable right of the Dutchess of Braganza which was clear to the World both by her Descent and by the Fundamental Laws of the Nation and this King PHILIP knew well and therefore though he carried on his affairs very candidly to the eyes of men and seemed unbyassed with proper Interest by offering to submit his Title to a Disputation professing That the Laws of Portugal were more favorable to him than the Law of Castille and openly acknowledging That if he should chance to die before King Henry his eldest Son being a degree farther off would come behind some of the Pretenders of whom himself had the precedence Though I say he carried himself thus fair to the World yet he clandestinely wrought with Father Leon Henriques a Jesuite and Confessor to King Henry and Ferdinando Castillo a Dominican and of the Kings bosom Councel to endeavor by all means possible to divert all Designs in prejudice of his Claims and especially that Catherine Dutchess of Braganza might not by Henry be declared to be the next Heir apparent which he conscious of the justice of the Title was very willing to have done And whilest these two Fathers prosecuted his interest there with the old and almost doting King Henry the vigilant PHILIP provided an Army in readiness with which he resolved to enter into Portugal and with his Sword make good his disputable Title as soon as that old Kings death should give him the Warning-piece to fall on Yet when that was given and PHILIP ready to march with an Army of Twenty thousand men into Portugal he had like to have been prevented for Pope Gregory the Thirteenth pretending still his right to Dispose or at least to Arbitrate
of Hungary some from William Count of Bourgongne brother of Raymond Count of Outre-Soane and others also from Guy Count of Vernoeil in Normandy brother of this William Aux Antiquitez de la Gaule Belgique Furthermore there are that report that he was son of Henry Duke and Earl of Limbourg and Duke of Lorraine Lastly others which have followed the Error of Richard of Vassebourg a Modern Historian are of Opinion that William was his Father who was called Baron of Joinville whom they make to be Governor of Lorraine in the absence of his Father the great Godfrey of Buillon elected King of Jerusalem But all these Opinions and Imaginary descents have been worthily refuted by Theodore Godefroy Advocate in the Court of Parliament of Paris in a Treatise which he hath published of the Original of the Kings of PORTUGAL having first revived this Opinion and clearly justified by proofs and undeniable reasons that they are descended in Line Masculine from the Royal House of FRANCE by this HENRY the chief of his Branch And he groundeth principally upon the Authority of the Fragment which yet remaineth of an old Latin History of France which begins at the decease of King Robert and is continued to the Reign of Philip the first An History composed by a Monk of the Abbey of Saint Benedict Lez Fleury upon the Loir in the Diocess of Orleance who lived in the time of the same HENRY This Fragment with other Historians hath been published at the end of the last Age by the Learned Peter Pithou Note here the terms of this Ancient Author which hath been translated Our design is not here to mention how many times the King Andefonse he is called also Alphonso the VI. King of Castille and Leon generously behaved himself against the Sarazins Bragm Hist à Rege Roberto ad Philipp I. nor the number of the Battels in which he hath vanquished them It 's he which wrested from them and subjected to his Empire the strong City of Toledo He espoused Constance daughter of Robert Duke of Bourgongne and had a daughter by her which he gave in marriage to Raymond Count of Outre-Sonne As for his other daughter begotten out of marriage He espoused her to HENRY one of the sons of the sons of the same Duke of BOURGONGNE and upon the Confines of Spain opposed them both against the Agarenes He nameth also the Infidels under whose yoke Spain at that time mourned and of which they possessed a good part This is the more to be credited for that the Historian who wrote it was co-temporary with the Prince of whom we speak as may be gathered by other Passages of his History Jo. Mariana Hist Hisp. lib. 10. cap. 1. Several give unto HENRY the Title and Quality of Count of PORTUGAL and agree in this Point that he was established Earl thereof in the Years of CHRIST 1090 year One thousand fourscore and ten by the King of Castille his Father in Law who gave him this County in Dower in hope as this King did verily believe he would war upon the Moors in Portugal as Hugh the first of the name Duke of Bourgongne his elder brother had done in Arragon in which he was not deceived for he served as a Rampire to check the course of those Barbarians But it is otherwise to be presumed and that the same Queen of Castille Constance Th. Godefroy who was Aunt by the Fathers side of this HENRY and lived in the time of the marriage might have contributed her recommendation for the attainment of this Province of Portugal in Dower and Note also that the Count of Outre-Soan who espoused the other lawfully begotten Daughter of the same King as we have said had in Marriage with her only a summe of money Godefroy is not only of this opinion for it was also followed by Jaques Augustus de Thou President in the Court of Parliament in the History of his time by Prudencio de Sandoval Bishop of Pampelona in Navarre and Historiographer of Philip the III. King of Spain in the History of Ferdinand I. and other Kings of Castille by Andrew du Chesne the Kings Geographer in the Histories of Bourgongne and Vergy as also by Antonio de Vasconcellos a Portugues of the Order of Jesus and Rector of the University of Evora in the Latine History of the Kings of Portugal which he hath written in a most elegant Stile This natural Daughter of King Alphonso Duarte Nunez en Chron. des Reis de Port. and of Ximena de Gusman wife of HENRY OF BOURGONGNE was named TERESA Years of CHRIST 1089 OF CASTILLE He left France in the Year One thousand fourscore and nine accompanied with a good number of Lords for the succour of the King of Castille among which there are named seven Counts the principal of which were Raymond the son of William Count of Bourgongne Raymond of St. Gilles and Toulouse Chronique M S. de S. Denys this HENRY who by mistake is sirnamed of Lorraine in the History Rotrou de Perche and William Viscount of Melun they are all said to be at the same Battel for which cause some suppose it had the appellation of the Seven Counts But the Histories of Spain speak otherwise The Count HENRY Ordered the City of Conimbra for his principal residence and that of his Court Vasconcellius Anacephaloeosi I. and the City of Braga for Metropolitane of the other Churches He vanquished and put to flight some Moorish Kings at Visco and Lamego and seized also upon Lisbonne it hath since been the Capital City of the Kingdom which not long after they recovered again But this great Prince being impatient of repose without honour if we Years of CHRIST 1097 credit some Authors undertook the Crossiade with Godfrey of Buillon and other Princes for the recovery of the Holy Land where he performed wonders Duarte Nunez Being upon his return from this Voyage of which some make a doubt he vigorously continued his War against the Moors nor did his great age cause him to discontinue the performance of his Martial Affairs And lastly His Death Vasconcellius he dyed at the Siege of the City of Asturia in the Year One Years of CHRIST 1112 thousand one hundred and twelve being then aged about Threescore and ten years yet there be some that extend the Course of his Life to a longer period He was inhumed in the Cathedral Church of the City of Braga Duarte Nunez which is one of the chief of the Kingdom of Portugal In the Year One thousand five hundred and thirteen Diego de Sousa being then Bishop who was descended from Prince HENRY caused a Chappel to be built in which he reposed the bones of this Prince and wrote an Epitaph which declared him to be Son of a King of Hungary But Edward Nunez In his Chronicle of Portugal a judicious and learned person hath with reason refuted the error of this Original
del â—ombre de AVIS Thus much out of Dom Damiano a Goas Radeâ— de Andrada and the Count of Lansarote in his Nobility of Aâ—daluâ—ia Memorable was that Assembly Convened by this King Alphonso in the City of Lamogo consisting of the three Estates of the Kingdom where were made many Laws which they justly account their Fundamentals Nunez Vasconcellos as unalterable as those of the Meâ—ds and Persians made Sacred by the observation of them both by Prince and People among which it was enacted First That the said King Alphonso's son Grandson and so forward should reign after him for ever But if the King have only daughters the eldest should be Queen after her father upon condition she be married to a Native of Portugal and that he be a Noble-man who shall not take upon him the name of a King until he hath a son born nor wear a Crown on his head nor take the right hand of his Wife But the last clause is most to be considered which my Author hath faithfully transcribed out of the said Laws Sit istadex in sempiterâ—um quod Prima Filia Regis â—â—â—piat maritum de Portugale ut non veniat RegnuÌ„ ad Extraâ—â—s si â—asaverit cum Principe extranto non sit Regina quia 〈◊〉 volumâ—â— nostrum Regnum ire de Portugalâ—â— sibus qui nos sua fortitudine Reges fecerunt sine Adjutorio alienâ— per suam fortitudinem cum sanguine suó This Law was put in execution after the death of Ferdinando the 9th King of that race for Donna Beatrice his daughter being married to John the first of the name King of Castille a Forrein Prince was excluded and John the first King of Portugal though illegitimate was advanced to the Throne In the mean time an Army composed of divers Nations viz. English Flemmings Normans and Lorrainois being embarqued in England and bound for Jerusalem Robt. de Monte. to give succour to the Christians under the Conduct of William Longespe Duke of Normandy my Author meaneth Earl of Salisbury passed by the coast Years of CHRIST 1147 of Spain where making some stay at the instance of King ALPHONSO they besieged and took the City of Lisbonne which the Moors possessed the Siege having continued five months They were at length defeated by the Christians who delivered this City into the hands and power of ALPHONSO he also Conquered from them the Cities of Leirta Santarem Evora Elvas Beja and several other Towns and Fortresses which make at present the better part of the Kingdom of Portugal which he annexed to the Province situate between the Rivers of Dourho and Minho and that of Tarsâ—s Moâ—tes as also a part of Estremaduru where are Brâ—ga Conimbra Visco and other Cities Provinces which descended to him by succession from his Mother the Countess Teresa Now fell out the dispute betwixt Ferdinando King of Castille and Leon Idem Years of CHRIST 1179 and his Father-in-law King ALPHONSO about the City of Badaios which the Castillian urged belonged unto him as being enterprised upon the Moors being come to blows the King of Portugal having by an accident been hurt before the fight fell within the power of the King of Castille his Enemy but afterward a peace being concluded betwixt them the Portugues remitted unto Ferdinand part of the Provinces of Galicia Years of CHRIST 1181 His success was more propitious in the Enterprise he undertook against Alboias King of Seville whom he also subdued Vasconcellos and after the Victory obtained instituted a Military Order called Of the Eagle The device was An Eagle Purple enfermed within a Circle Or. After all these Warres ALPHONSO had attained to a very great age nevertheless he ceased not to exercise himself in his Martial affairs with his Valiant Son who seconded him in his high and generous Enterprises But that hindred not his inclination to Piety and the erection of several Churches and Monasteries Idem among others he Founded that of St. Croix at Conimbra which he so richly endowed and with so stupendious a revenue that the famous University of this City hath a sensible apprehension thereof and that it is at this day the most Famous and Flourishing of all Spaine ALPHONSO also Founded the Monasteries of St. Bernard of Alcobace and of St. Vincent near Lisbonne in the same place where he encamped at the Siege thereof In short the Portugal Historians give him the reputation of having Built and Founded an hundred and fifty Churches and Religious Houses In fine this great Prince being aged Fourscore and eleven years Nunez and after he had Reigned Six and forty His Death departed out of this life into a better in Years of CHRIST 1186 the same City of Conimbra the Ninth day of December in the Year One thousand one hundred fourscore and six and not two years before as some believe and lieth in this Church of St. Croix King Emanuel one of his most Illustrious Successors erected for him a long time after a most Magnificent Tomb. There are divers opinions among Authors Nunez about the House from which Queen MAUD wife of ALPHONSO did descend His Marriage Pingonius whom he married in the Year One thousand one hundred and six and forty and not two Years of CHRIST 1146 years before as some are of opinion Dami. a Gotz For those which write the History of Portugal and Savoy Vasconcellos say that she was Daughter of Amides the second of the name Count of Savoy or Maurienne and of Maud Daughter of the Count of Albon they would say Viennois his second Wife In the Hist of Arragon But Hierosme Surita writes that she was Sister of Peter Count of Lara and Molona and Daughter of Henry Count of Lara and of Ermensiâ—dâ— Vicountess of Narbonna An opinion which is reproved by Nunez And nevertheless it may be that he married both the one and the other certain it is that Queen Maud dyed in Anno One thousand one hundred threescore and eighteen Years of CHRIST 1178 and was interred with her Husband Children of ALPHONSO I. KING OF PORTUGAL and of MAUD OF SAVOY his Wife HENRY PRINCE OF PORTUGAL dyed young There is mention made of him in a Letter which the King his Father wrote to St. Bernard Abbot of Clerveaux in Bourgongne SANCEO first of the name succeeded his Father and was King of Portugal LEON D'argent au lyon de pourpre Party de PORTUGAL Comme cy devant VRACCA OF PORTUGAL Queen of LEON Her Marriage was married unto Ferdinand II. of the name King of LEON and Galicia And notwithstanding she had a son by him which carried the name of Alphonso and was King of Leon after his Father yet this Marriage was dissolved by the Pope because of the proximity of blood betwixt them FLANDERS D'or an lyon de sable TERESA OF PORTUGAL Countess of FLANDERS whom the Flemmish Historians call MAUD Her Marriage
A. Favin◠in the Year One thousand three hundred and eighteen others say twenty Instituted the Military ORDER OF CHRIST The Order of Christ instituted which is the chief of the three Orders of Portugal The Knights live according to the rule of the Cistercians wear a black Robe and upon that a Cross Pateé Red surmounted by a Plain Cross White This Order was Confirmed by Pope John XXII The King gave unto the Knights the Towns and Lands which the Templars but a little before abrogated had in Portugal and for their principal abode the City of Tomar This Prince was so great an Admirer of Learning that he established the Famous University of Conimbra in his Kingdom Vasconcellius He was a Lover of Poesie unto which he sometimes addicted himself And so much favoured Labouring men by the example of one of his Ancestors that he bestowed upon them several Immunities and Priviledges giving them the appellation of The Nerves of the Earth In Brief His excellent Government his Ordinances and Rules for the order of Justice and the Cities and Towns which he either built or restored did deservedly merit him the name of Father of his Countrey So that whatsoever his Illustrious Predecessors made themselves Renowned for in Martial Performances he commanded and acquired by those of Peace and Policy Children of DIONYSIO King of PORTUGAL and of St. ISABEL OF ARRAGON his Wife ALPHONSO VI. King of PORTUGAL continued the Posterity CONSTANCE OF PORTUGAL CASTILLE Queen of CASTILLE Her Marriage Escartele Au 1. 4. de gueulles au Chasteau d'or Au 2. 3. d'argent au lyon de pourpre was espoused to FERDINAND IV. King of Castille who dyed in the Year One thousand three hundred and ten He was son of King Sanceo IV. From this Marriage proceeded King Alphonso IX who by Mary of Portugal had issue Peter sirnamed the Cruel also King of Castille By a Love-Mistress he had several Bastards among others Henry Count of Tristemare who usurped the Kingdom of Castille by aide of the French Her death CONSTANCE deceased in the Year Party de PORTUGAL One thousand Years of CHRIST 1313 three hundred and thirteen in the Month of November Natural Children of DIONYSIO King of PORTUGAL ALPHONSO-SANCEO Count of Albuquerque was affectionately loved by the King his father Vasconcellius to the great displeasure and jealousie of his lawful Son who forced him to flie into Castille as we have said But returning into Portugal with a Force they had some disputes after which they came to an agreement PETER OF PORTUGAL Count of Barcellos wrote a Book of the Illustrious Houses of Portugal Nunez he received the honour of Burial in the Church of St. John de Tourouce 7. ALPHONSO IV. KING of PORTUGAL and the ALGARVES CHAP. VIII PORTUGAL Comme cy devant Party de CASTILLE Escartelé Au 1. 4. de guuelles au Chasteau d'or 3 au 2. 3. d'argent au lyon de pourpre He still continued in that unwarrantable Hatred towards his brother Sanceo whom by his own Judgement he banished the Kingdom deprived of his Honours and Dignities seized upon his Lands and confiscated his Goods Sanceo was at that time in Castille who by Letters made his application to King ALPHONSO but his Prayers wrought little effect upon the hard and obstinate heart of his brother wherefore seeing intreaties would not soften him the Bastard resolves to force that with the reason and Justice of his Sword which his supplications could not obtain raises an Army enters Portugal takes several places and layes the Countrey waste The King also draws into the Field where he performs the like acts of Hostility but at length an agreement was made betwixt them The end of this Warre was the beginning of another Commotion betwixt the father-in-Father-in-law and the Son this King of Portugal and the King of Castille Alphonso XI Vasconcellius who being incensed for that the Portuguesses would marry the Princess Constance daughter of the Infant John-Emanuel descended from King Ferdinand of Castille called the Holy to his Son the Prince Pedro These Princes were upon the point of another Cruel Warre but that Pope Benedict XII and the King of France Philip IV. perfected a reconciliation betwixt them shewing these two Kings the danger that Spain at that time did undergo by reason of the progress the Moors had made and that their Armies would be better employed against the Enemies of their Faith the Infidels than in the ruine of themselves To whom the Holy Queen of Portugal Isabel of Arragon having joyned her prayers things were at last agreed So the two Kings of Enemies being made Friends Garibai Mariana Lib. 16. C. 7. joyned their Forces against their common adversaries the Moors conducted by Albohacen King of Fez and Joseph King of Granada who had laid a straight Siege to Tariffa The famous Battel of Tariffa or Salado 1340. which they resolved to raise maugre the almost numberless number and to be imagined invincible Troops of these Barbarians they gave them a Field near unto the River Salado in which famous Battel the two Christian Kings both ALPHONSO's engaged them with so indefatigable and undaunted Resolutions that they obtained a most Famous Victory and a Glorious Trophy which hapned in the Year One thousand three hundred and forty An incredible number of these Infidels were killed both upon the Field and in the pursuit And if we will believe the Castillian Historians there dyed of them Two hundred thousand the Portugal Histories say Four hundred thousand with the loss only of twenty of the Christians These two Kings by this wonderful Victory gained a grand reputation in the world and that reputation a security to their estates The King of Portugal took prisoner with his own hands the son of Albohali then King of Salamanque whom he brought Captive into Portugal Years of CHRIST 1355 Not long after his arrival Nunez at the instigation of some evil instruments of his Court he stained his reputation in the cruel Execution of Agnes de Castro of whom his son was most passionately enamoured taking her as his Wife after the death of the Princess Constance from this Original sprung that most Unnatural Warre betwixt the father and the son which was looked upon by Historians as a judgement from God who had permitted that ALPHONSO should suffer the same injuries from his son which he had done to his father His Death ALPHONSO IV. dyed at Lisbonne in the Month of May Mariana One Years of CHRIST 1357 thousand three hundred fifty and seven after he had performed the Kingly Office One and thirty years and five Months Nunez and lived Threescore and seven He lieth in the Cathedral Church with the Queen BEATRICE OF CASTILLE his Wife who was daughter of King Sanceo IV. and of Mary of Molina his Wife He was a Lover of Justice Magnanimous and resembled in many good
if a man fallen from heaven had come to visit them He was by the Portugues so affectionately beloved that after the Death of King Edward his elder brother the Government of the Kingdom was committed unto him during the Minority of Alphonso V. his Nephew which he managed for the space of Ten years with great Fidelity and Prudence Nunez Vignier when Alphonso Count of Barcellos his Natural Brother a Prince both Ambitious and Envious and who by the means of this PETER had been before exalted to the Dukedome of Braganca most ingratefully opposed him rendred him a dangerous and obnoxious person unto the King their Nephew and also charged him with a scandalous accusation the heads of which were That he had performed the Office of Regent much to the prejudice of the Kings interest had got into his own hands the whole treasure of the Kingdom and that also he designed to ascend the Throne by the Deposition of the King his Nephew To these Articles the Duke would have answered and cleared himself but the King who was willing and apt to believe any thing that might secure him his Crown being possessed with a prejudicate opinion would not hear of his Answer but on the contrary Resolved to take him off The Duke had timely intelligence thereof who to avoid the effects of the Kings Anger and to secure his person shut himself up in his Town of Conimbra and there finding that he could not be upon the Defensive part without the Offensive forgetful of his Duty put himself into the head of a considerable Army with which he marched towards Lisbonne resolving to make himself Master thereof but he fell into the hands of the Ambushes prepared for him by the Kings party where His Death after a hot dispute near unto the River Alfaruberie Mariana Vasconcellius Duke PETER was killed upon the Field being shot through the Years of CHRIST 1449 Heart with an empoysoned Arrow which fell out to be in the Year One thousand four hundred forty and nine and on the Twentieth day of May. His loss nevertheless was much lamented as being a Prince worthy of a longer life and better Fortune He lived unto the age of Seven and fifty years His body lay the space of three dayes without Burial until that by the supplication of the Queen of Portugal his Daughter Wife of Alphonso it was brought and interred in the Monastery of Battel the Sepulchre of the Kings his Predecessors This Duke was so much the more Praise-worthy following the footsteps of some Princes of his House because he joyned the use of his Pen with that of his Sword he writ several Books both in Prose and Verse and Translated some Latine Authors into his own Language There is yet to be seen of his Verses in Portugal which Treat of Morality and are replenished with Learning and Precepts of Wisdom In the Month of September Anno Mariana lib. 20. c. 16. One thousand four hundred eight and twenty His Marriage Duke PETER married ISABEL OF ARRAGON Years of CHRIST 1428 Daughter of James of Arragon Count of Urgel and of Isabel the Daughter of Peter IV. King of Arragon by which Princess he had Six Children here underneath mentioned Children of PETER OF PORTUGAL Duke of CONIMBRA by ISABEL OF ARRAGON his Wife PETER OF PORTUGAL elected King of ARRAGON ARRAGON Years of CHRIST 1450 and Count of Barcelona Escartelé de PORTUGAL was eldest Son of Peter of Portugal Duke of Conimbra and of Isabel of Arragon his Wife and was established Constable of the Kingdom of Portugal by the Regent his Father after the decease of his Uncle by the Fathers side Prince John Years of CHRIST 1445 In the Year One thousand four hundred five and forty he had the Command of an Army committed to him for the succour of the King of Castille and for the Reduction of some of his Subjects that had rebelled Afterwards the Catalonians and some of the Grandees of Arragon having revolted from the King of Arragon and Navarre John II. They caused this Prince PETER to return out of Affrick where he fought against the Moors and acknowledged him for King of Arragon and Count of Barcelona Years of CHRIST 1464 in September in the Year One thousand four hundred threescore and four maintaining that these Estates did lawfully belong unto him as being Son of the eldest Daughter of the Count of Urgel descended from the King of Arragon so that PETER was Proclaimed King And notwithstanding he had assistance from his Cousin Philip Duke of Bourgongne yet he could not maintain himself in his Estate for after the loss of a Field disputed betwixt him and the Prince Ferdinand Son of King John he was constrained to retire to Mauresa But nevertheless he carried still the Royal Title And on his journey to Barcelona he fell sick at Granolie and there deceased the Thirtieth day of June His Death in the Year Mariana Lib. 23. C. 20. One thousand four Years of CHRIST 1466 hundred threescore and six some say in the precedent year His body was inhumed at Barcelona in the Church of our Lady near unto the Sea It 's believed he was poysoned but some think that being over-much wearied and troubled at the evil success of his affairs he dyed with grief without leaving any Children His Device was an Haulk with these words MOLESTIA PRO LAETITIA signifying thereby That the honour of the Kingdom which he had accepted of had been accompanied with more vexation and trouble than satisfaction and contentment PORTUGAL CONIMBRA Escartelē Aupremier de Jerusalem Au 2. contre escartelē de PORTUGAL D'ANGLETERRE Au 3. d'or au lyon de gueulles Au 4. d'argent au lyon aussy de gueulles a la queve fourche Sur le tout burelle d'argent d'Azure au lyon de gueulles brochant sur le tout qui est CYPRE JOHN OF PORTUGAL Duke of CONIMBRA and Years of CHRIST 1447 Regent of the Kingdom of Cyprus second Son of Peter Duke of Conimbra succeeded his Father in this Dutch hoping to advance his Fortunes by his Marriage he espoused CHARLOTE OF CYPRUS His Marriage Daughter of John II. King of Cyprus of the House of Lusignan and of Helene Palealogus his Wife which CHARLOTE was Heir apparent to the Kingdoms of Cyprus and Jerusalem But the Prince JOHN her Husband dyed without issue before the King his father-in-Father-in-law Therefore Mariana and other Authors are mistaken that give him the qualification of King of Cyprus For he was only Regent of this Kingdom a Title which he had when in the Year One thousand four hundred threescore Years of CHRIST 1466 and six he was admitted into the Order of Knights of the Golden Fleece by Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy in the Chapter held at the Hague in Holland His Widow married for her second Husband Lewis of Savoy Count of Geneva Brother of Amides Duke of Savoy and Son of
he dyed in the Abbey of Tomar whither he had retired Years of CHRIST 1438 to avoid the danger the Eighteenth day of September His Death in the Year One thousand four hundred eight and thirty which was the Seven and thirtieth Year of his age and the Fifth of his reign He had his Burial in the Abbey of Battel His Marriage In the Year One thousand four hundred eight and twenty this King EDWARD Despoused ELEANOR OF ARRAGON L. Marin siculus Mariana Lib. 20. Cap. 16. Lib. 21. Cap. 13. Years of CHRIST 1428 second Daughter of Ferdinand of Castille King of Arragon and Sicilie and of Eleanor of Albuquerque his Wife the Princess had in Marriage Two hundred thousand Florins She was then aged Twenty seven years and not Six and thirty as writeth Mariana for the Portugal Historians note her Birth to be in the Year Her Birth One thousand four hundred and one Years of CHRIST 1401 By his Testament he ordained his Wife Regent of the Kingdom during the minority of his eldest Son and Successor to the great dissatisfaction of the Princes his younger Brothers and also of the people who would not submit to the Command of a Woman and more especially of a Stranger this gave occasion to the Estates of the Kingdom to reject this his Will and on the contrary to nominate for Regent Peter Duke of Conimbra Brother to the Defunct at which the Queen conceived so great a displeasure that she made her complaint to her Brothers and the King of Castille but in vain so that leaving Portugal she retired to Toledo where she dyed a sudden death in the Year Her death One thousand four hundred five and forty the Years of CHRIST 1445 Eighteenth day of February not without suspition of poyson Her body was first inhumed in the Abbey of Religious of the Order of St. Dominique founded in the place where she chose her abode but afterwards transported to that of Aljubarot by the care of the King her Son King EDWARD had for his Device a Lance environed with a Serpent the one is the Symbole of Warre and the other of Wisdom with this Inscription LOCO ET TEMPORE to represent that War must be prosecuted in time and place and in such occasions to use Prudence and Discretion Children of EDWARD King OF PORTUGAL and of LEONOR OF ARRAGON his Wife 11. ALPHONSO King of PORTUGAL continued the Line FERDINAND OF PORTUGAL Duke of VISCO Years of CHRIST 1438 grand Master of the Orders of Christ PORTUGAL-VISCO and of St. James and Constable of Portugal he accompanied King Alphonso V. his Brother in his Warres of Affrick D'argent a cinq Escussons d'azure peris en Croix chacun chargé de cinq besants d'argent posez en sautoir a la bordure de gueulles aussi chargeé de huict chafleaux d'er at what time he took the Fort of Alcacer a Maritime Port. Afterwards he was again sent into Affrick where he performed several acts of Hostility against the Mahumetans among others the prize of the Town of Anafe and then returned Triumphant and Glorious into his own Countrey He married his Cousin Beatrice of Portugal His Marriage a younger Daughter of his Uncle John of Portugal Grand Master of the Order of St. James and Constable of the Kingdom She was a Princess prudent and deliberate it was she that finished the Peace betwixt the two Kings Ferdinand of Arragon Escartelé d' ARRAGON and Alphonso of Portugal upon the difference they had concerning the Kingdom of Castille as we have told you before Some Historians write That the King of Portugal D'or-a quatre pals de gueulles John II. Nephew of FERDINAND His Death put to death this Prince his Father-in-law But others better informed Years of CHRIST 1470 say That he dyed at Cetobriga above ten years before John came to the Crown of Portugal PORTUGAL-VISCO viz. the Eighth day of September Anno One thousand four hundred threescore and ten being only Seven and thirty years old Party de PORTUGAL which was the Flower of his age His Corps was interred at Badaios within the Church of the Conception which had been founded by the Dutchess Beatrice his Wife who there placed a Convent of Nunnes Children of FERDINAND OF PORTUGAL Duke of VISCO and of BEATRICE OF PORTUGAL his Wife PORTUGAL-VISCO 12. JOHN OF PORTUGAL Duke of VISCO after his Father dyed without issue PORTUGAL-VISCO qui est Escartelé de PORTUGAL d' ARRAGON 12. JAMES OF PORTUGAL also Duke of VISCO succeeded in the Dutchy after the decease of Prince John his eldest brother But because he maliciously conspired against King John II. his brother-in-brother-in-law he came to a mournful and tragique end For in the Year One thousand four hundred fourscore and three this young Prince being but in the Twentieth year of his age was killed by the Kings own hand Mariana Lib. 24. C. 23. Vasconcellius which some Authors believe was done to the intent that way might be made to the Crown for his Bastard-son George Duke of Aviero after his decease But this design took not effect for the King better counselled gave the Estate of the Defunct unto his Brother Emanuel and furthermore appointed him Heir of the Kingdom by his Testament which he enjoyed accordingly Natural Children of JAMES OF PORTUGAL Duke of VISCO 13. ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL was highly advanced PORTUGAL for King Emanuel gave him the Dutchy of Visco and Dignified him with the Office of Constable of Portugal which he had in the Year One thousand five hundred Comme cy devant but he dyed four years after leaving no Children but one only Daughter named 14. MARY OF PORTUGAL who was espoused to the Marquess of VILLE-REAL 12. EDWARD OF PORTUGAL all Children of Ferdinand of Portugal PORTUGAL-VISCO Duke of Visco by Beatrice of Portugal his wife and died in their minority 12. DIONYSIO OF PORTUGAL all Children of Ferdinand of Portugal PORTUGAL-VISCO Duke of Visco by Beatrice of Portugal his wife and died in their minority 12. SIMON OF PORTUGAL all Children of Ferdinand of Portugal PORTUGAL-VISCO Duke of Visco by Beatrice of Portugal his wife and died in their minority 12. EMANUEL King OF PORTUGAL youngest son of Ferdinand of Portugal Duke of Visco and of Beatrix of Portugal his Wife succeeded King John II. and continued the Posterity Her Marriage 12. LEONORA was Queen of Portugal PORTUGAL as you may observe in the History of John II. King of Portugal her Husband by whom she had one only Son which was Prince Alphonso Party de PORTUGAL-VISCO deceasing before his Father as shall be discoursed hereafter Her Marriage 12. ISABEL OF PORTUGAL PORTUGAL-BRAGANZA was Dutchess of BRAGANZA There shall be more ample mention made of this Princess in the Story of Ferdinand II. of the name Duke of Braganza her Husband
also thought that it would be agreeable to the Portuguesses to have a young King as was Rainucio that they might educate and instruct him after their own fashion and manners But King Philip of Spain having the power in his hand rendred himself peaceable possessor Years of CHRIST 1580 of this Kingdom Rainucio espoused Margaret Aldobrandin Pope Clement VIII his Neece and had issue Alexander Farnese second of the name Duke of Parma and Placentia who after the death of his Father remained under the Tutilage and Government of Edward Farnese the Cardinal his Uncle younger Son of Duke Alexander first of the name Margaret Farnese Sister of Rainucio and Edward was married to Vincent de Gonzaga first of that name Duke of Mantua but they were separated by the Authority of the Church KATHERINE OF PORTUGAL Her Marriage Dutchess of BRAGANZA PORTUGAL-BRAGANCE younger Daughter of Prince Edward was married to John of Portugal her Cosin sixth Duke of Braganza who was one of those Princes that were Competitors for the Kingdom of Portugal in the right of this Katherine his Wife D'argent au sautoir de gueulles chargé de cinq Escusson de Portugal alledging that she ought to precede the King of Spain Philip II. Son of the Empress Isabel of Portugal as being Daughter of Edward this Isabels Brother whom she did represent And caused to be written in the University of Conimbra divers reasons in her favour which they sent to several Kings and forrein Princes Katherine grounded principally upon these reasons a Party de PORTUGAL H. Franchi Conestaggio That in all Successions of Crowns the last possessor was to be succeeded jure hereditatis which allowed the benefit of representation that she representing the Infante Don Edward her Father Brother of Henry ought to precede all the other pretendants the Catholique King because issued from a Daughter the Prince Anthony for being Illegitimate Raynucio Farnese as being farther removed from Henry by the decease of Mary of Portugal his Mother the Law never allowing a Grand-child that benefit But especially by the prime and fundamental Laws of the Kingdom put in execution against Beatrix Daughter of Ferdinand King of Portugal who having married out of the Kingdom to the King of Castille as you may note page 35. See also a clause of the Law of Lamego Fol. 6. her right of succeeding was utterly lost and King John chosen in her stead she was to be preferred before all Claimers or Competitors whomsoever in regard of her being both born and married within the Kingdom They had issue Theodosius II. of the name seventh Duke of Braganza Father of John II. of that name eighth Duke of Braganza Crowned King of Portugal by the name of John IV. who by this just Title left the Kingdom to his Son King Alphonso VI. Reigning at present 1662. Here are continued Children of King EMANUEL by MARY OF CASTILLE his second Wife ANTHONY OF PORTUGAL dyed not long after his Birth in the Year One thousand five hundred and seventeen ISABEL OF PORTUGAL Empress and Queen of SPAIN AUSTRICHE-ESPAGNE Escartelé Au premier quartier aussi Escartele Au 1. 4. de CASTILLE Au 2. 3. de LEON Au 2. quaâ—tier D'ARRAGON Party de ARRAGON-SICILIE Au 3. de gueulles a la Fasse d'argent qui est AUSTRICHE Soustenu de l'ancienne BOURGONGNE Au 4. quartier de la second branche de BOURGONGNE Soustenu de BRABANT Sur les trois quatriesme quartiers de FLANDRES Party de Marquisate de St. Empire Le tout Party de PORTUGAL born at Lisbonne in the Year One thousand five hundred and three the Fourth day of October Her Birth and having arrived at the Three and twentieth year Years of CHRIST 1503 of her age was in the Year One thousand five hundred twenty and six espoused at Seville Her Marriage to CHARLES OF AUSTRIA fifth of that name Emperour and King of Spain eldest Son of Philip of Austria first Years of CHRIST 1526 of the name and of Joane Queen of Castille and Arragon his Wife This Empress ISABEL brought to her Husband the Summe of Nine hundred thousand Ducates in Dower They were married by the Cardinal Salviati Pope Clement V. his Legate Her death She dyed in the City of Toledo the first day of May in the Year One Years of CHRIST 1539 thousand five hundred nine and thirty aged only Six and thirty years and her body was transported to Granada The Emperour her Husband deceased the One and twentieth day of Years of CHRIST 1558 September Ao One thousand five hundred eight and fifty having carried the honour and reputation of one of the greatest and most virtuous Monarchs that have commanded since Charles the Great Having gained several signal Victories upon the Turks and Infidels he most of all shewed the grandure of his Courage in this that he which had so many times vanquished others remained now Victorious upon himself in quitting the Empire with the other Estates and Kingdoms which he possessed and all worldly pomp to retire into a place of Solitude and there to pass the remainder of his life that he might the better apply himself to the service of God which he did after he had held his Empire Six and thirty years and his Hereditary Kingdoms Forty He left one Son Philip II. King of Spain who in the right of his Mother was of the number of the pretenders to the Kingdom of Portugal and rendred himself Master thereof as you have heard before Charles V. had also two Daughters the elder of which Mary of Austria was espoused to the Emperour Maximilian II. and the younger was married to John Prince of Portugal Son of King John III. and had issue King Sebastian BEATRICE OF PORTUGAL Dutchess of SAVOYE SAVOYE Escartele Au 1. 4. de pourpre au cheval gay effrayé contourné d'argent qui est le HAUTESAXE Party de Fasse d'or d sable de six pieces a la couâ—onnâ— de sinople perie en bande brochant sur le tout qui est la BASSESAXE Anté en point en forme de tâ—iangle d'argent a trois houtâ—rolles d'Espee de gueull s 2. 1. qui est ANGRIE Au 2. quartier d'argent au Lyon de sable l'Escu sâ—n é de billettes de mesme qui est du Daché de CHABLAIS Au. 3. de sable au Lyon d'argent armé lampassé de gueulles qui est d'Aouste Sur le tout de gueulles a la Croix plaine d'argent qui est l'Escu de SAVOYE moderne Party de PORTUGAL born at Lisbonne the last day of December Her Birth in the Year One thousand Years of CHRIST 1504 five hundred and four Her Marriage was conjoyned by Marriage in March Anno One thousand five hundred twenty and one with Charles III. Duke of Savoye Years of CHRIST 1521 Son of Philip Duke of Savoye and of Claude of Bretagne his Wife This Dutchess dyed
all Difference concerning that Crown had sent Cardinal Riario Legat Apostolique with Order to disswade the Catholick King from raising Arms and that done to pass into Portugal and in his Holiness name and behalf to Arbitrate the Right between all Pretenders which designs of the Popes this crafty Spanish Fox circumvented for having pre-advice of it and resolving to pursue his own intentions of assuring to himself the Kingdom of Portugal and yet approve himself an obedient Son of the Church he gave Order in all places where the Legat was to pass he should be most Magnificently entertained so that by such sumptuous Treatments the time might be dexterously protracted and he possessed of that Kingdom before the Legal arrived at Court which was accordingly done and the Legat returned thanks for his Magnificent Entertainments though he was displeased at the ill success of his Negotiation But to proceed to the manner of his possessing himself of this Kingdom No sooner did the News arrive at the Spanish Court of the death of King Henry but Ferdinand de Toledo Duke D'Alva was commanded with an Army of Twenty thousand men to march toward Lisbonne and in the Name and Right of his Catholick Majesty to make Conquest of the Kingdom if he found opposition But all the appearance of opposition which he found was made by Don Antonio the Bastard-son of Lewis the Infante who having got into Lisbonne in the Head of a tumultuary Rabble rather than a well-formed Army endeavored at first to make some resistance but was soon discomfited and the Suburbs of Lisbonne being sacked to satisfie the Souldiers the City was surrendred to him whither soon after the King came and so by a mixt Title of Descent and Arms took possession of the Kingdom Ao 1510. Katherine Dutchess of Braganza being enforced to surrender to him all her interest and pretensions which you have read at large in Anthony The Nobility and People of Portugal were without doubt extreamly amazed to see themselves so suddenly surprized and made Subject to a Forein Prince and especially to a Prince of that Nation against whom they had a natural Antipathy but finding themselves in a condition not able to make any resistance they thought they should gain more by submitting freely to that King than by being forced to it and therefore they made their humble submission which PHILIP met as it were half-way and condescended in the General Assembly of Estates to be sworn to these Articles or Capitulations following I. That the said PHILIP King of Spain c. should observe all the Laws Liberties Priviledges and Customs granted to the People by the former Kings of Portugal II. That the vice-Vice-King or Governor should be alwayes the Son Brother Uncle or Nephew of the King or else a Native of Portugal III. That all chief Offices of the Church or State should be bestowed upon the Natives of Portugal and not upon Strangers likewise the Governments of all Towns and places IV. That all Countries now belonging to the Portugal should so continue to the commodity and benefit of the Nation V. That the Portugal Nation should be admitted to all Offices in the Kings House as well as the Castillians VI. That because the King could not conveniently be alwayes in Portugal he should send the Prince to be bred up amongst them These Articles were shut up or concluded with a Blessing upon such Kings as should observe and keep them and a Curse on those who should break or violate them And some Authors likewise affirm that there was another Clause added to them signifying That in case which God forbid that the King which then was or his Successors should not observe this Agreement or should procure a Dispensation for this Oath the Three States of the Kingdom might freely deny Subjection and Obedience to the King without being guilty either of Perjury or Treason Though these Articles were thus sworn to and the Cardinal Albertus Archduke of Austria Son to the Emperour and Nephew to the King of Spain appointed Vice-King of Portugal PHILIP the Second durst not in Person yet leave the Kingdom for he perceived by their Murmurs and visible Discontents that their Submission to him proceeded more out of Fear than Love and that as he had in a moment gained that Kingdom so he should as soon lose it if he should but give them the least opportunity For that the People were highly discontented might easily appear by their attentive listning after old Prophesies among which was one of an old Hermit who told Alphonso the first King of Portugal Of the great Victory that he should obtain over the Five Kings of the Moors that he and his Posterity should Reign happily Kings of Portugal but that in the Sixteenth Generation his Line should fail but that God at length should have mercy again upon them and restore them Others had respect to a Letter written by St. Bernard to the same King Alphonso the Original of which is reported to have been given to the Portugal Embassadours by Lewis the Thirteenth King of France Aº One thousand six handred and forty one the substance of which was to this effect That he rendred thanks to him for the Lands bestowed upon him that in recompence thereof God had declared unto him That there should not fail a Native of Portugal to sit upon that Throne unless for the greatness of their sins God would chastise them for a time but that this time of Chastisement should not last above Sixty Years Other Prophesies there were of this Nature and to this Effect which put the People in hopes of a Deliverance and many of them flattered themselves That Don Sebastian was yet alive and would come and deliver them nay so foolish were some of them that though they believed him slain at the Battel of Alcacer in Barbary yet they thought he should live again and miraculously come to redeem them But that which most of all expressed the Peoples Discontents was what was publickly spoken by the mouths of their Oratours the Priests in their Pulpits who would ordinarily in their Sermons utter Speeches much in prejudice of the Spaniards Title and in Favour of the Dutchess of Braganza nor were they sparing to do so in the presence of the King himself who would therefore often say That the Portuguez Clergy had made the sharpest War with him Father Lewis Alvarez a Jesuite preaching one day before the Vice-Roy took his Text Surge tolle Grabatum tuum ambula and turning himself to the Duke said Sir the meaning of that is Arise Take up your Pack and be gone home But above all this might the Discontents be perceived in the Noblemens Chappels especially in the Duke of Braganza's where they were wont to sing the Lamentations of Jeremy applying all the scorn and reproach of the Israelites to themselves as Aquam nostram pecunia bibimus because of the Excize put by the Spaniards upon Wine and other Necessaries And that Servi
Estates of Portugal who next Resolved to Dispatch Ambassadors to all States of Christendom to enter into Confederacies for the better defence and establishment of the Kingdom and for the Glory and Reputation of the King In the first place the Father Ignatius Mascarenas a Jesuite with another Father of the same Order was sent into Catalonia to offer them all assistance and supplies for their maintenance and defence against the Catholique King for very well did the King of Portugal know that it highly did import his Interest to correspond with them that so they might joyntly not onely defend but also offend the King of Spain whose Country lying betwixt them both they might at pleasure invade or molest it either by Sea or Land This Embassie of King JOHN'S so rejoyced and encouraged the Catalonians that the very next day after the Ambassadors had Audience they obtained a most signal Victory in their own defence against the Spaniards who had assaulted them with an Army of twenty five thousand men under the Command of the Marquiss De los veles Shortly after that the Father Ignatius Mascarenas was dispatched to the Catalonians D. Francisco de Mello and Don Antonia Caelle Carravallio persons both of excellent and admired abilities the one for his great experience and judgment in State-affairs and the other for his noble Spirit and eminent knowledge in the Civil Law to go on a solemn Embassie to the most Christian King Lewis the thirteenth of France These attended with a Stately and most Magnificent Train landed soon after at Rochel and on the fifteenth of March 1641. made a solemn Entrance into Paris being met and conducted in by a great number of Coaches filled with the Grandees of the Kingdom besides numbers of the French Nobility who came to attend them on horse-back Thus accompanied they were conducted to the Palace appointed for the Entertainment of the Extraordinary Ambassadors where they were in a sumptuous and magnificent manner feasted at the Kings Charges From thence they were by the Duke of Chevereux and the Count de Brulon conducted in the Kings Coaches unto his Majesty then at St. Germains to receive the first Audience which was performed with extraordinary shews of love and respect for upon the entrance of the Ambassadors into the place appointed for their Audience the King rose out of his Chair of Estate and went forward three steps to receive them nor would he permit them to deliver their Embassie with their Hats off or to descend so low as to kiss his hands at their departure but in stead of that Ceremony he affectionately imbraced them in his Arms promising them the greatest Assistance his Power was able to give They were from the Kings presence conduced to a sumptuous Dinner provided for them and after that brought to the Queens Lodging who was set to expect their coming at their entrance she likewise rose and advanced three steps to meet them receiving them with a cheerful and courteous countenance and not permitting them to be uncovered Amongst other Discourses which they had with her D. Francisco de Mello told her That he feared his Embassie might not be acceptable because the King his Master had deprived her Brother of one of his Kingdoms Whereunto she readily replyed That though she was sister to the King of Spain yet she was wife to the King of France After some Discourse in French her Majesty began to speak to them in Spanish which they observing desired to know wherefore her Majesty had not vouchsafed them that favor sooner it being a Language by them better understood To which the Queen jestingly answered For fear they should be frighted to hear her speak Spanish and the Embassador to improve the jest replyed Como a tum Grand Signora si pero coma a Castiliano no that it was true considering her Greatness but not her Country The Queen smiling went on promising them all assistance possible and wishing all prosperity to King JOHN and his Queen and so they having delivered her Majesty a Letter from the Queen of Portugal took their leave From her Majesty they went to visit his Eminence the Cardinal Richlieu who being advertised of their coming came forward to the third Chamber to meet them where he received them with expressions of great affection and promises and proffers of services and from thence conducted them to his own Chamber Being all three sate the Cardinal who was the most experienced and greatest Statesman of his time discoursed with them of divers affairs of great importance and they endeavored to explain to his Eminence what was before his sentiment that it very much imported the two Crowns of France and Portugal to be united by an indissoluble League considering that it was the Chief and Principal end and aim of the House of Austria whose Branches were spread over almost all Europe not only to be the greatest but to be the sole and only Monarch of Christendom That to effect those ambitious desires he had never made scruple to usurp and seize upon Kingdoms and States upon the least pretences imaginable as had appeared in the Kingdoms of Naples Sicily Navarre the Dutchy of Millan and lately several States in Germany seizing upon the Valtoline whereby they had a passage open to lead an Army of Germans into Italy at pleasure That considering the vast power and interest that this Family had not only in Europe but also in America it could not but be confessed That they had a large foundation of their imaginary Universal Monarchy but that nothing gave them so great hopes as the possession of Portugal For by the addition of that Kingdom to the Crown of Castille they became absolute Masters not only of all Spain but of all the East-Indies of all the Eastern Trade of Ethiopia Persia Arabia China Japan and all that incredible wealth that was raised out of the Portugal Traffick whereby the Austrian Greatness if not their Monarchy was principally sustained that therefore it concerned all States whatsoever not only to put a stop to the raving Tyranny of this devouring Monster but to suppress and lessen his Power by all means possible That to do this none was more concerned or more able than the Kingdom of France united with that of Portugal That this having been called the Right Arm as Catalonia the Left of that great Austrian Colossus now both being separated from it and united to France will be able to do greater service against it than they were ever forced to do for it not only by assaulting the Spaniard within his own doors but by intercepting the Plate-Fleet which in its return from the West-Indies it being necessarily forced to pass by the Tercera Islands must run in danger of the Portuguez Fleet or be forced to be at the Charge of an extraordinary Convoy These were the sum of the Ambassadors Discourses to the Cardinal In answer to which his Eminence made offer not only of all the Assistance of
Letters to Madrid which discovered not only the whole Plot but even the names of all the Conspirators The Act of Holding Correspondence with the Spaniard was Treason in it self sufficient to take away their lives being contrary to his Majesties express command its being to this intent made it but so much the more hainous His Majesty therefore not knowing how far it might have proceeded made no delayes but presently by the sound of Drum and Trumpet as the Custom is caused to be Proclaimed That he intended to go forth of the City upon which all the Nobles and Gentry according to the usual manner assembled at the Palace to accompany his Majesty who when he saw them all ready commanded first that a Council of Estate should be called which was done many of the Conspirators being assistant in it who being sate his Majesty without any noise caused them to be arrested one by one which without the taking of this course he could never have effected for if the Conspiracy had been detected before their Persons had been seized they had either been torn in pieces by the fury of the People or else had some of them escaped It was very strange that of all the Plotters in this Conspiracy not one should either by accident or otherwise escape for the Persons of these now taken were no sooner imprisoned but his Majesty published a Proclamation declaring a Free Pardon to all the Complices in this Conspiracy that should within Four dayes come and acknowledge their fault and beg it but the Kings diligence had been such before that there was not one left to accept of this Grace Shortly after those who had been taken were Arraigned according to Law found Guilty of High Treason and in manner following executed On the last day of August One thousand six hundred and forty one the Marquess of Villa-Real the Duke of Camigna his Son the Count de Armamac and D. Augustine Manuele were led along a Gallery to a Scaffold erected for the purpose with two stories on the uppermost of which stood two Chairs on the next one and on the Scaffold it self the fourth The first that was conducted forth to Execution was the Marquess of Villa-Real who was clothed in a long black Bayes Cloak and his servants attending him in mourning being mounted to the uppermost part of the Scaffold he prayed for a good space upon his knees and then rising up asked If there were no hopes of Pardon which made the people with one voice cry out No let him die let him die for a Traytor The next funebrious Ceremony of his Execution was the Proclamation which according to the usual manner was made by the Executioner in these words This is the Justice that the King our Soveraign Lord commands to be executed upon the person of Don Lewis de Meneses sometimes Marquess of Villa-Real that his throat be cut as a Traytor to his Majesty Nobility and People of this Kingdom that for his Crime his goods be confiscated and his memory banished out of the World Whereat all the people cryed out Justice Justice The Marquess thereupon seeing no hopes of any Repreive with a sober and becoming gravity demanded Pardon of all the Spectators desiring them to assist him with their prayers to God for the Pardon of this and all his other sins then turning to a Father-Jesuite his Confessor he prayed him in his behalf to present himself at his Majesties feet and beseech him out of his wonted goodness to forgive him that hainous offence committed against him and the whole Kingdom Having ended this Speech he very patiently sate down in the Chair and the Executioner having tied his arms and legs to the arms and legs of the Chair he leaned his neck over the back of the Chair and the Executioner with his knife cut his throat covering him afterwards with a black Scarf In the same maner his son the Duke of Camigna came to the Scaffold his servants all attending him in mourning as he came to his fathers Corps he kneeled down and several times kissed his feet begged of the people the suffrage of one Pater nostre for his fathers soul then after some prayers and Proclamation made by the Executioner he received the same punishment Next that suffered was the Count of Armamac in the Chair seated upon the lower story and after him Don Augustin Manuel upon the Scaffold it self the Judges would have had all their necks cut behind but his Majesty would not consent thereto as a punishment too ignominious for persons of their quality The same day Pietro de Baeza and Melchior Correa de Franca were drawn at a horse-tail to an extraordinary high gallows and there hanged whilest Diego de Brito Nabo and Antonio Valente were executed upon a lower the Quarters of these four were set up at the Gates of the City and their Heads placed upon several Frontier Towns In the Month of September following for the same offence Antonia Cogamigne and Antonio Correa were likewise executed the first of which during the whole time of his Imprisonment was an example of Penitence feeding only upon Bread and Water and whipping himself very often with continual prayers to God for Pardon of that and all his other sins As for the Arch-Bishop of Braga and the Bishops of Martiria and Malacca and Fryer Emanuel de Macedo though they were the persons that had the greatest hand in the Conspiracy yet in regard they were Ecclesiastical persons they suffered not death according to their deserts but were kept in prison till the Popes pleasure were known concerning them Here must not be forgot a great example of humility and repentance in the Arch-Bishop of Braga not only in his life time when he often writ to the King that he might suffer and others be spared who were rather drawn in in complyance and obedience to him than out of any ill-will to the King and Kingdom but also at his death which hapned about Three years after his Imprisonment when he gave Order That as soon as he was dead his Last Will and Testament should be carried to the King wherein he humbly intreated his Majesty to Pardon the Treason committed against him and his Native Countrey and that he would permit his body to be buried without the Church of any Parish of Lisbonne and that without any Inscription or Tomb-stone that there might remain no memory of a man who had been a Traytor to his King and Countrey This exemplary punishment and rigorous execution of Justice upon the forementioned trayterous Delinquents established the King in his Kingdom struck a terror into his enemies and increased his Subjects love and care of him more diligently to Watch his Royal Families and the Kingdoms safety But in the mean time daily incursions were made upon the Frontiers between the Castillians and Portuguesses with the same Violence Cruelty and Animosity as formerly About the beginning of the year One thousand six hundred and forty