have_v they_o any_o right_n of_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n though_o they_o shall_v have_v several_a heir_n male_n which_o custom_n be_v also_o observe_v among_o the_o people_n for_o in_o china_n to_o marry_v a_o daughter_n be_v to_o exclude_v she_o for_o ever_o from_o her_o father_n family_n and_o graft_v she_o into_o the_o family_n of_o her_o husband_n who_o sir_n name_v she_o assume_v at_o the_o same_o time_n instead_o of_o her_o own_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o chinese_n when_o they_o will_v say_v that_o a_o maid_n be_v ally_v to_o the_o family_n of_o her_o husband_n never_o make_v use_v of_o the_o word_n kin_n to_o go_v but_o of_o the_o word_n quei_z to_o return_v asmuch_o as_n to_o say_v she_o be_v not_o go_v but_o be_v return_v to_o her_o family_n thus_o they_o explain_v themselves_o also_o when_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o dead_a for_o they_o do_v not_o say_v such_o a_o one_o be_v dead_a but_o such_o a_o one_o be_v return_v to_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n when_o a_o grandfather_n speak_v of_o the_o child_n of_o his_o son_n he_o call_v they_o bare_o sun_n su_n my_o grand_a child_n but_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o his_o daughter_n child_n he_o call_v they_o vai_n sun_n su_n my_o grand_a child_n without_o for_o they_o look_v upon_o they_o to_o be_v of_o the_o son_n in_o law_n family_n the_o second_o sort_n of_o the_o king_n kindred_n by_o the_o female_a side_n be_v the_o father_n brother_n uncle_n and_o other_o kindred_n of_o the_o queen_n the_o king_n son_n in_o law_n their_o father_n brother_n uncle_n and_o other_o kindred_n out_o of_o these_o two_o sort_n the_o king_n make_v choice_n of_o some_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a to_o compose_v this_o tribunal_n and_o to_o act_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n they_o differ_v only_o in_o this_o that_o the_o latter_a be_v of_o none_o of_o the_o nine_o order_n the_o former_a be_v mandarin_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o order_n though_o they_o esteem_v much_o more_o honourable_a the_o title_n of_o hoam_n cin_n and_o furio_n ma_n or_o the_o king_n kindred_n than_o that_o of_o mandarin_n though_o of_o the_o first_o order_n but_o this_o second_o sort_n of_o kindred_n be_v also_o extirpate_v by_o the_o tartar_n with_o the_o precede_a family_n thus_o far_o concern_v the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o mandarin_n and_o of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o court._n we_o be_v now_o to_o give_v a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o province_n note_n upon_o the_o fourteen_o chapter_n he_o cause_v a_o choice_n to_o be_v make_v at_o pe_n kim_n of_o several_a young_a gentleman_n etc._n etc._n here_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o in_o this_o place_n the_o author_n only_o 221._o speak_v of_o what_o be_v practise_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n for_o the_o tartar_a emperor_n have_v alter_v this_o custom_n and_o never_o marry_v their_o daughter_n but_o to_o king_n prince_n or_o great_a lord_n as_o our_o author_n himself_o acknowledge_v a_o little_a low_o chap._n xv._n to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o fifteen_o province_n there_o belong_v a_o supreme_a tribunal_n which_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o precedent_n bear_v the_o title_n of_o tu_fw-la tam_fw-la kiun_n muen_n tu_fw-la yuen_v siun_z furio_n with_o several_a other_o name_n which_o all_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o governor_n of_o a_o province_n or_o viceroy_n with_o we_o these_o precedent_n be_v of_o the_o first_o second_o or_o three_o order_n according_a as_o the_o king_n be_v please_v to_o regulate_v they_o when_o he_o send_v they_o into_o the_o province_n they_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o whole_a government_n as_o well_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n as_o in_o war_n and_o with_o the_o command_n of_o the_o people_n and_o soldier_n as_o well_o in_o civil_a as_o criminal_a matter_n they_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o six_o superior_a tribunal_n of_o all_o matter_n of_o importance_n on_o the_o other_o side_n all_o the_o king_n order_n and_o dispatch_n with_o those_o of_o the_o superior_a tribunal_n be_v direct_v to_o this_o tribunal_n and_o all_o the_o mandarin_n of_o the_o province_n be_v bind_v to_o repair_v to_o this_o tribunal_n in_o all_o affair_n of_o moment_n there_o be_v other_o viceroy_n that_o govern_v two_o three_o or_o four_o province_n and_o be_v call_v tsum_n to_o as_o leam_fw-la quam_fw-la tsum_fw-la to_o or_o viceroy_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quam_fw-la tum_o and_o quam_fw-la si._n quam_fw-la tum_o signify_v the_o province_n extend_v towards_o the_o east_n and_o quam_fw-la si_fw-la the_o province_n extend_v towards_o the_o west_n there_o be_v other_o such_o like_a viceroy_n in_o china_n as_o in_o the_o province_n border_v upon_o tartary_n and_o other_o place_n of_o importance_n and_o beside_o the_o viceroy_n there_o be_v in_o every_o province_n a_o visitor_n call_v ngan_n tai_n or_o ngan_n yuen_v of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v former_o last_o there_o be_v a_o three_o considerable_a officer_n call_v tsum_fw-la pim_fw-la who_o command_v all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o province_n and_o be_v of_o the_o first_o order_n of_o mandarin_n these_o three_o supreme_a precedent_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o province_n have_v under_o they_o several_a inferior_a mandarin_n who_o assist_v they_o in_o the_o dispatch_n of_o business_n and_o though_o these_o three_o tribunal_n general_a have_v their_o palace_n in_o the_o capital_a city_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v not_o always_o resident_a there_o but_o keep_v their_o circuit_n from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o business_n require_v but_o for_o the_o particular_a tribunal_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n they_o be_v these_o that_o follow_v every_o capital_a city_n have_v two_o tribunal_n in_o which_o proper_o consist_v the_o whole_a government_n of_o the_o province_n the_o one_o for_o civil_a the_o other_o for_o criminal_a affair_n the_o first_o be_v call_v pu_fw-fr chim_z sum_o the_o precedent_n of_o which_o be_v a_o mandarin_n of_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o the_o second_o order_n the_o palace_n belong_v to_o this_o tribunal_n like_o those_o at_o the_o court_n contain_v on_o both_o side_n two_o other_o tribunal_n which_o be_v not_o inferior_a but_o assistant_n to_o the_o first_o tribunal_n that_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n be_v the_o most_o considerable_a and_o be_v call_v tsan_n chim_z have_v two_o precedent_n both_o of_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o the_o three_o order_n the_o other_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v call_v tsan_n y_o the_o precedent_n of_o which_o be_v both_o equal_a and_o of_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o the_o four_o order_n to_o all_o these_o three_o tribunal_n belong_v a_o great_a number_n of_o inferior_a mandarin_n call_v xeu_n lie_v quen_o who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o decide_v all_o civil_a matter_n and_o to_o pay_v and_o receive_v all_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o province_n the_o criminal_a tribunal_n be_v call_v nghan_n i_o sum_o and_o the_o precedent_n who_o be_v of_o the_o three_o order_n have_v no_o assessor_n but_o two_o class_n of_o mandarin_n under_o he_o those_o of_o the_o first_o classis_fw-la who_o be_v call_v to_o sum_o be_v of_o the_o four_o order_n they_o of_o the_o second_o classis_fw-la who_o be_v call_v cien_n sum_o be_v of_o the_o five_o order_n and_o the_o mandarin_n of_o these_o two_o class_n be_v call_v tao_n li_n or_o tao_n tusâ—…_n these_o tao_n li_n be_v the_o visiter_n of_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o province_n in_o which_o they_o have_v their_o tribunal_n some_o of_o they_o take_v care_n of_o the_o post_n horse_n the_o royal_a inn_n and_o the_o king_n bark_n so_o far_o as_o their_o jurisdiction_n reach_v and_o be_v call_v you_o chuen_fw-ge tao_fw-mi other_o that_o be_v call_v pim_n pi_fw-la tao_fw-la be_v entrust_v to_o inspect_v the_o several_a troop_n and_o company_n of_o the_o province_n other_o to_o drain_v the_o land_n and_o level_v the_o highway_n who_o be_v call_v tun_n tien_n tao_o this_o tribunal_n have_v power_n to_o punish_v criminal_n by_o banishment_n as_o also_o by_o confiscation_n of_o good_n and_o loâ—…s_n of_o life_n and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o visitor_n in_o the_o province_n it_o have_v a_o eye_n over_o all_o the_o other_o mandarin_n and_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o king_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o the_o province_n when_o business_n require_v their_o information_n in_o a_o word_n these_o two_o tribunal_n do_v the_o office_n of_o the_o six_o supreme_a tribunal_n of_o the_o court_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v their_o substitute_n every_o province_n be_v divide_v into_o district_n and_o to_o every_o district_n belong_v a_o mandarin_n call_v tao_n â—…i_fw-la who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o visitor_n or_o inspeâ—…er_n into_o the_o manner_n and_o behaviour_n of_o the_o officer_n within_o his_o
title_n of_o court_n put_v down_o all_o the_o tribunal_n and_o alter_v the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n call_v it_o kiam_fw-la nim_fw-mi and_o the_o province_n kiam_fw-la nâ—…n_n which_o be_v the_o name_n that_o they_o have_v in_o former_a time_n the_o three_o superior_a tribunal_n be_v call_v li_n pu_o which_o have_v the_o oversight_n and_o order_n of_o rite_n and_o ceremony_n art_n and_o science_n this_o tribunal_n take_v care_n of_o the_o royal_a music_n to_o examine_v the_o student_n and_o to_o give_v they_o power_n to_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o learned_a give_v their_o advice_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o title_n and_o honour_n which_o the_o king_n vouchsase_v to_o bestow_v upon_o the_o deserve_n what_o temple_n and_o sacrifice_n the_o king_n ought_v to_o erect_v and_o make_v to_o the_o heaven_n and_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o sun_n the_o moon_n and_o his_o own_o ancestor_n they_o order_z the_o banquet_n when_o the_o king_n feast_v his_o subject_n or_o foreigner_n they_o receive_v entertain_v and_o discharge_v the_o king_n guest_n and_o all_o ambassador_n they_o take_v care_n of_o the_o liberal_a and_o mechanic_n art_n and_o last_o of_o the_o three_o law_n or_o religion_n which_o be_v observe_v throughout_o the_o empire_n of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o the_o learned_a the_o second_o that_o of_o the_o tao_n sum_o or_o the_o marry_a bonze_n and_o the_o three_o of_o the_o bachelor_n bonze_v it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o this_o tribunal_n to_o apprehend_v whip_n and_o punish_v they_o all_o and_o in_o this_o very_a tribunal_n it_o be_v that_o we_o be_v all_o of_o we_o imprison_v for_o two_o month_n during_o the_o persecution_n and_o bind_v every_o one_o with_o nine_o chain_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o father_n john_n adam_n lewis_n buglio_n ferdinand_n verbiest_n and_o gabriel_n magaillans_n and_o afterward_o deliver_v over_o to_o the_o secular_a power_n on_o each_o side_n of_o this_o tribunal_n stand_v four_o other_o inferior_a tribunal_n among_o which_o the_o care_n of_o those_o thing_n already_o mention_v be_v divide_v the_o first_o be_v call_v ychi_n sum_o or_o the_o tribunal_n of_o important_a affair_n as_o of_o the_o title_n of_o petty_a prince_n duke_n great_a mandarin_n etc._n etc._n the_o second_o sum_n ci_fw-fr su_fw-es which_o take_v care_n of_o the_o king_n sacrifice_n the_o temple_n the_o mathematics_n the_o three_o law_n etc._n etc._n the_o three_o chu_n ke_v sum_o which_o take_v care_n to_o entertain_v and_o dispatch_v the_o king_n guest_n whether_o native_n or_o foreigner_n the_o four_o cim_o xen_n xu_o which_o have_v the_o order_n of_o the_o banquet_n which_o be_v prepare_v for_o the_o king_n or_o for_o those_o upon_o who_o the_o king_n be_v please_v to_o bestow_v that_o favour_n when_o the_o chineses_n be_v master_n of_o their_o own_o country_n none_o but_o doctor_n and_o those_o two_o only_a such_o as_o be_v of_o most_o repute_n for_o their_o knowledge_n and_o merit_n be_v admit_v into_o this_o tribunal_n so_o that_o they_o be_v the_o most_o esteem_v and_o such_o as_o stand_v the_o fair_a for_o preferment_n for_o out_o of_o their_o number_n it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n make_v choice_n of_o the_o colao_n and_o his_o counsellor_n of_o state._n but_o now_o tartar_n be_v put_v in_o who_o dispose_v of_o all_o thing_n at_o their_o own_o pleasure_n while_o the_o mandarin_n signify_v no_o more_o among_o they_o than_o only_o dumb_a statue_n and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o tribunal_n so_o true_o may_v we_o believe_v it_o to_o have_v be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n to_o chastise_v and_o bring_v down_o the_o incredible_a pride_n of_o this_o nation_n by_o subdue_a and_o subject_v they_o to_o a_o small_a handful_n of_o poor_a ignorant_a rustic_a barbarian_n as_o if_o god_n for_o the_o punishment_n of_o europe_n shall_v deliver_v it_o over_o into_o the_o power_n of_o the_o cafer_n of_o angola_n or_o mozambique_n but_o though_o the_o name_n of_o this_o tribunal_n be_v altogether_o like_o that_o of_o the_o former_a nevertheless_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n in_o the_o chinese_n language_n for_o the_o character_n of_o the_o first_o syllable_n li_n be_v nothing_o alike_o and_o the_o pronunciation_n also_o be_v very_o different_a the_o first_o be_v pronounce_v by_o shrill_a and_o raise_v the_o voice_n which_o we_o therefore_o mark_v with_o a_o acute_a accent_n li._n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o second_o be_v pronounce_v by_o fall_v the_o voice_n and_o therefore_o mark_v with_o a_o grave_a accent_n lì_n thus_o according_a to_o the_o first_o signification_n li_n signify_v mandarin_n and_o pu_o tribunal_n and_o both_o together_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o mandarin_n according_a to_o the_o second_o pronunciation_n lì_n signify_v rite_n or_o ceremony_n and_o join_v with_o pu_o the_o tribunal_n of_o ceremony_n this_o equivocal_a signification_n be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o among_o the_o tartar_n who_o call_v the_o first_o tribunal_n hafan_n xurgan_n or_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o mandarin_n for_o that_o hafan_n signify_v a_o tribunal_n and_o xurgan_n mandarin_n and_o the_o second_o toro_n xurgan_n or_o the_o tribunal_n of_o ceremony_n the_o four_o superior_a tribunal_n be_v call_v pim_n pu_o which_o have_v the_o order_n of_o war_n and_o military_a affair_n over_o the_o whole_a empire_n this_o choose_v and_o advance_v all_o the_o officer_n dispose_n of_o their_o command_n in_o the_o army_n in_o the_o garrison_n upon_o the_o frontier_n in_o the_o inland_a fortress_n and_o in_o all_o part_n of_o china_n this_o order_n the_o levy_n and_o exercise_n of_o the_o soldier_n replenish_v the_o grand_a arsenal_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o magazine_n with_o arm_n offensive_a and_o defensive_a with_o ammunition_n and_o provision_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o to_o the_o palace_n of_o this_o tribunal_n belong_v four_o more_o that_o be_v inferior_a the_o first_o be_v call_v vu_z sve_v sum_z and_o takes_z care_n to_o make_v choice_n and_o to_o confer_v upon_o the_o military_a mandarin_n their_o command_n and_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o exercise_v their_o soldier_n the_o second_o be_v call_v i_o fam_fw-la su_fw-es and_o takes_z care_n to_o distribute_v the_o soldier_n and_o military_a officer_n into_o all_o the_o place_n and_o post_n of_o the_o empire_n for_o the_o pursuit_n of_o robber_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n the_o three_o be_v call_v i_o kia_n sum_o and_o takes_z care_n of_o the_o king_n horse_n as_o well_o those_o that_o be_v upon_o the_o frontier_n and_o in_o place_n of_o importance_n as_o those_o that_o be_v appoint_v for_o postage_n and_o the_o service_n of_o the_o royal_a inns._n they_o have_v also_o the_o order_n of_o the_o wagon_n and_o boat_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o transportation_n of_o provision_n and_o soldier_n the_o four_o be_v call_v vu_z cu_z sum_z and_o takes_z care_n for_o the_o make_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o arm_n offensive_a and_o defensive_a and_o that_o they_o be_v keep_v in_o good_a order_n and_o fit_a for_o service_n in_o all_o the_o magazine_n and_o arsenal_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o five_o superior_a tribunal_n be_v call_v he_o pu_o like_o the_o tournelle_n or_o parliamental_a criminal_a court_n in_o france_n and_o extend_v its_o power_n over_o the_o whole_a empire_n they_o examine_v try_v and_o punish_v all_o criminal_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o be_v almost_o all_o of_o they_o very_o just_a and_o conformable_a to_o reason_n so_o that_o if_o the_o mandarin_n of_o this_o tribunal_n and_o consequent_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n do_v but_o right_o observe_v they_o there_o will_v not_o be_v those_o act_n of_o injustice_n and_o tyranny_n which_o be_v commit_v every_o day_n for_o now_o there_o be_v hardly_o a_o cause_n that_o be_v try_v according_a to_o reason_n and_o justice_n he_o that_o give_v money_n be_v always_o in_o the_o right_n till_o another_o give_v more_o and_o then_o he_o have_v more_o right_o on_o his_o side_n gold_n silver_n piece_n of_o silk_n and_o other_o present_v govern_v there_o instead_o of_o law_n reason_n and_o justice_n be_v there_o put_v to_o sale_n as_o in_o a_o open_a market_n by_o portsale_n or_o outcry_n who_o give_v most_o this_o nation_n suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v so_o blind_v by_o their_o avarice_n that_o they_o can_v be_v divert_v from_o it_o by_o all_o the_o rigorous_a punishment_n which_o the_o king_n sometime_o order_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o those_o that_o be_v convict_v of_o their_o corruption_n and_o extortion_n all_o the_o tribunal_n of_o this_o court_n take_v cognizance_n of_o all_o the_o crime_n and_o offence_n of_o such_o as_o be_v under_o their_o jurisdiction_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o employment_n however_o when_o the_o crime_n deserve_v more_o than_o ordinary_a
the_o king_n a_o great_a revenue_n and_o if_o the_o general_a visitor_n great_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o their_o spoil_n and_o robbery_n of_o the_o mandarin_n and_o people_n these_o latter_a commit_v much_o great_a robbery_n upon_o the_o farmer_n who_o distribute_v the_o salt_n into_o the_o province_n and_o who_o be_v the_o rich_a man_n in_o china_n as_o be_v common_o worth_a four_o or_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n a_o man._n the_o three_o visitation_n be_v call_v siao_n chai_n or_o the_o petty_a visit_n this_o visitation_n be_v make_v every_o three_o month_n by_o send_v visitor_n frequent_o unknown_a and_o in_o disguise_n sometime_o to_o one_o province_n or_o city_n sometime_o to_o another_o that_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o give_v true_a information_n against_o some_o mandarin_n famous_a for_o his_o tyranny_n and_o extortion_n beside_o these_o visitation_n this_o tribunal_n send_v into_o every_o province_n every_o three_o year_n a_o certain_a visitor_n call_v hio_n yuen_v and_o to_o every_o city_n another_o call_v ti_o trio_n to_o examine_v the_o bachelor_n of_o art_n and_o suppress_v the_o violence_n which_o confide_v in_o their_o privilege_n they_o act_n upon_o the_o people_n these_o have_v power_n to_o apprehend_v to_o condemn_v all_o such_o offender_n to_o the_o whip_n and_o when_o they_o prove_v incorrigible_a they_o degrade_v and_o punish_v they_o with_o a_o extraordinary_a severity_n last_o this_o tribunal_n send_v forth_o whensoever_o it_o be_v think_v requisite_a a_o visitor_n call_v siun_z ho_o to_o survey_v the_o famous_a canal_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v and_o to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o bark_n which_o be_v employ_v therein_o by_o mean_n of_o which_o visitation_n he_o reap_v more_o honour_n and_o profit_n than_o all_o the_o other_o visitor_n which_o this_o visitation_n send_v forth_o the_o judge_n of_o this_o tribunal_n be_v lodge_v in_o a_o vast_a palace_n where_o they_o have_v under_o they_o five_o and_o twenty_o 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the_o criminal_a tribunal_n those_o of_o the_o second_o classis_fw-la be_v call_v u_o chin_n pim_n ma_fw-fr su_n or_o grand_a provost_n of_o the_o five_o quarter_n those_o of_o the_o three_o classis_fw-la be_v call_v tamburlaine_n quen_o or_o inferior_a provost_n of_o the_o five_o quarter_n the_o two_o latter_a class_n make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o apprehend_v theives_n and_o robber_n malefactor_n gamester_n vagabond_n and_o the_o like_a and_o to_o detain_v they_o in_o prison_n till_o they_o resign_v they_o to_o the_o superior_a robber_n it_o be_v likewise_o their_o business_n to_o keep_v watch_n and_o ward_n in_o the_o day_n time_n to_o go_v the_o round_n in_o the_o night_n and_o to_o set_v sentinel_n to_o give_v notice_n when_o any_o fire_n happen_v in_o any_o house_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o watch_n be_v also_o subordinate_a to_o these_o two_o class_n for_o to_o every_o ten_o house_n there_o belong_v a_o captain_n call_v pai_n and_o every_o pai_n teu_o have_v another_o captain_n call_v stum_n kia_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o inform_v the_o tribunal_n of_o what_o be_v do_v in_o his_o district_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o good_a custom_n of_o the_o city_n when_o any_o stranger_n come_v to_o town_n or_o of_o any_o other_o novelty_n he_o be_v also_o oblige_v to_o exhort_v the_o several_a private_a family_n by_o sing_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o every_o night_n a_o song_n consist_v of_o five_o verse_n contain_v the_o most_o necessary_a precept_n of_o morality_n in_o these_o word_n hiao_n xum_o fu_fw-mi mu_o tsum_fw-la kim_n cham_n xam_n ho_o mo_z hian_a li_n kiao_n tzu_fw-fr sun._n mon_fw-fr tzo_fw-it vi_fw-it that_o be_v to_o say_v obey_v your_o parent_n reverence_v old_a man_n and_o your_o superior_n live_v together_o in_o unity_n instruct_v your_o child_n and_o do_v no_o act_n of_o injustice_n in_o petty_a town_n where_o there_o be_v no_o mandarin_n the_o care_n of_o this_o duty_n be_v commit_v to_o four_o or_o five_o of_o the_o honest_a old_a man_n call_v lao_n gen_n who_o have_v a_o captain_n call_v hiam_fw-la the_fw-mi or_o ti_fw-mi fam_fw-la this_o person_n also_o sing_v the_o same_o song_n every_o night_n and_o the_o first_o and_o five_o of_o every_o month_n assemble_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o explain_v the_o meaning_n of_o those_o instruction_n by_o simile_n and_o example_n of_o which_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o relate_v some_o few_o to_o let_v the_o reader_n see_v the_o virtuous_a disposition_n wit_n and_o good_a government_n of_o this_o nation_n obey_v your_o parent_n as_o lamb_n obey_v their_o ewe_n as_o they_o teach_v we_o by_o their_o extraordinary_a humility_n in_o kneel_v when_o they_o suck_v and_o submit_v to_o they_o exact_o in_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o nourishment_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o they_o reverence_n the_o age_a and_o your_o superior_n in_o imitation_n of_o wild_a goose_n who_o by_o the_o order_n which_o they_o observe_v in_o their_o flight_n show_v plain_o the_o respect_n which_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o seniority_n live_v together_o in_o peace_n in_o imitation_n of_o that_o love_n and_o unity_n which_o be_v observe_v among_o deer_n for_o when_o any_o one_o of_o they_o have_v meet_v with_o a_o good_a piece_n of_o pasturage_n he_o will_v not_o feed_v by_o himself_o till_o he_o have_v call_v together_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o herd_n to_o take_v their_o share_n instruct_v your_o child_n like_o that_o ancient_a matron_n call_v tuen_o ki_v who_o be_v a_o widow_n every_o day_n whip_v the_o only_a son_n that_o she_o have_v till_o she_o dispossess_v he_o of_o all_o his_o evil_a inclination_n so_o that_o at_o length_n be_v renown_v for_o his_o knowledge_n and_o his_o virtue_n he_o come_v to_o be_v chuam_fw-la yuen_v or_o chief_a of_o the_o doctor_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o afterward_o for_o his_o virtue_n and_o heroic_a action_n be_v advance_v to_o be_v co_n lao_n or_o chief_a minister_n of_o state_n to_o the_o emperor_n commit_v no_o act_n of_o injustice_n like_o that_o same_o wicked_a and_o disobedient_a heu_n ci_fw-fr who_o out_o of_o his_o extraordinary_a ingratitude_n design_v to_o kill_v his_o father_n in_o law_n that_o reprove_v he_o for_o his_o misdemeanour_n kill_v his_o own_o mother_n unexpected_o who_o indulgence_n have_v be_v the_o perdition_n of_o her_o son_n by_o supply_v he_o with_o money_n which_o he_o spend_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o debauchery_n and_o by_o conceal_v the_o early_a lewdness_n of_o his_o life_n but_o heaven_n to_o make_v he_o a_o example_n to_o all_o as_o wicked_a as_o himself_o and_o to_o deter_v other_o crush_v he_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o cleave_v he_o in_o sunder_o with_o a_o thunderbolt_n the_o tribunal_n call_v in_o hio_n be_v a_o mix_a tribunal_n which_o take_v care_n of_o bachelor_n of_o art_n and_o military_a probationer_n two_o precedent_n belong_v to_o it_o of_o which_o the_o one_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o the_o first_o the_o other_o of_o the_o latter_a these_o exercise_n themselves_o in_o make_v discourse_n upon_o the_o mean_n of_o preserve_v the_o estate_n and_o govern_v the_o people_n the_o other_o discourse_n of_o warlike_a discipline_n when_o to_o give_v battle_n how_o to_o attack_v and_o defend_v fortify_v place_n and_o other_o matter_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n the_o mandarin_n of_o this_o tribunal_n who_o be_v disperse_v over_o all_o the_o province_n and_o city_n give_v they_o frequent_a occasion_n to_o exercise_v their_o wit_n upon_o these_o subject_n and_o those_o mandarin_n be_v respect_v by_o those_o bachelor_n and_o probationer_n rather_o as_o professor_n than_o magistrate_n the_o two_o precedent_n which_o reside_v at_o court_n be_v doctor_n both_o the_o one_o of_o civil_a learning_n the_o other_o in_o military_a discipline_n the_o other_o officer_n be_v such_o out_o of_o who_o number_n the_o king_n make_v mandarin_n out_o of_o his_o mere_a grace_n and_o favour_n or_o by_o
five_o year_n ago_o by_o a_o certain_a prince_n who_o name_n be_v yao_n which_o last_o opinion_n be_v hold_v among_o they_o as_o a_o article_n of_o faith_n shall_v any_o chinese_n refuse_v to_o believe_v he_o will_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o heretic_n and_o as_o such_o a_o one_o be_v severe_o punish_v so_o that_o shall_v the_o preacher_n of_o the_o gospel_n but_o once_o testify_v either_o by_o write_v or_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n that_o they_o make_v a_o doubt_n of_o it_o that_o alone_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o shut_v the_o door_n upon_o our_o sacred_a religion_n and_o cause_v we_o all_o to_o be_v sentence_v to_o death_n the_o very_a bare_a suspicion_n without_o any_o foundation_n of_o a_o man_n incredulity_n in_o that_o point_n be_v a_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o banishment_n for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o the_o father_n of_o the_o mission_n have_v obtain_v leave_n from_o the_o holy_a see_v to_o stick_v to_o the_o version_n of_o the_o seventy_o approve_v by_o the_o church_n in_o the_o five_o general_n council_n as_o well_o for_o that_o the_o two_o latter_a opinion_n be_v very_o probable_a as_o to_o avoid_v the_o forementioned_a inconvenience_n and_o many_o other_o which_o may_v be_v easy_o imagine_v and_o indeed_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n that_o can_v boast_v a_o train_n of_o king_n so_o ancient_a and_o so_o well_o continue_v those_o of_o the_o assyrian_n the_o persian_n the_o greek_n and_o roman_n have_v have_v their_o period_n whereas_o that_o of_o china_n continue_v still_o like_o a_o great_a river_n that_o never_o cease_v roll_v along_o the_o stream_n that_o fall_v from_o its_o first_o fountain_n this_o long_a continuance_n and_o other_o excellency_n of_o china_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v and_o of_o which_o we_o be_v to_o speak_v in_o the_o progress_n of_o this_o relation_n infuse_v into_o the_o chinese_n a_o pride_n most_o insupportable_a they_o put_v the_o high_a value_n imaginable_a upon_o their_o empire_n and_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o they_o but_o as_o for_o stranger_n they_o scorn_v they_o to_o the_o low_a pitch_n of_o contempt_n and_o all_o the_o advantage_n of_o their_o wit_n and_o learning_n though_o they_o themselves_o have_v little_a or_o no_o knowledge_n which_o be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o since_o pride_n proceed_v from_o blindness_n and_o ignorance_n in_o their_o map_n they_o allow_v a_o vast_a extent_n to_o china_n but_o represent_v all_o other_o kingdom_n round_o about_o it_o without_o any_o order_n position_n or_o any_o other_o mark_v of_o good_a geography_n small_a contract_v and_o with_o title_n ridiculous_a and_o contemptible_a as_o for_o example_n siaò_fw-la gîn_fw-la que_fw-la or_o the_o kingdom_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o which_o be_v all_o dwarf_n and_o so_o little_a that_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o tie_v themselves_o several_a in_o a_o bunch_n together_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o eâ—…gles_n and_o kite_n niù_fw-fr gîn_fw-fr que_fw-fr or_o the_o kingdom_n where_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v woman_n who_o conceive_v by_o look_v upon_o their_o shadow_n in_o a_o well_o or_o in_o a_o river_n and_o bring_v forth_o none_o but_o girl_n chuen_fw-ge sin_n que_fw-fr or_o a_o kingdom_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v all_o a_o hole_n in_o their_o breast_n into_o which_o they_o stick_v a_o piece_n of_o wood_n and_o so_o carry_v one_o another_o from_o place_n to_o place_n a_o kingdom_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v body_n like_o man_n and_o face_n like_o dog_n a_o kingdom_n where_o he_o inhabitant_n have_v such_o long_a arm_n that_o they_o reach_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n with_o many_o other_o such_o description_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n in_o short_a they_o represent_v the_o neighbour_a kingdom_n such_o as_o be_v those_o of_o the_o tartar_n the_o japanner_n of_o the_o peninsula_n of_o corea_n and_o those_o other_o that_o border_n round_o about_o upon_o china_n under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o four_o barbarous_a nation_n they_o say_v that_o beside_o china_n there_o be_v seventy_o two_o kingdom_n which_o they_o paint_v all_o very_a diminutive_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o sea_n like_v so_o many_o nutshell_n and_o their_o inhabitant_n all_o deform_a and_o monstrous_a with_o gesture_n so_o ridiculous_a or_o terrible_a that_o they_o resemble_v rather_o ape_n and_o wild_a beast_n then_o men._n of_o latter_a time_n have_v understand_v something_o of_o europe_n they_o have_v add_v it_o to_o their_o map_n as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o island_n of_o tenariff_n or_o some_o desert_n island_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o viceroy_n of_o quam_fw-la tum_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1668_o after_o he_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o embassy_n of_o the_o portuguese_n in_o a_o memorial_n which_o he_o send_v to_o the_o emperor_n add_v these_o word_n we_o find_v very_o plain_o that_o europe_n be_v no_o more_o then_o only_o two_o little_a island_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o sea._n they_o divide_v the_o heaven_n into_o eight_o and_o twenty_o constellation_n and_o china_n into_o so_o many_o quarter_n to_o every_o one_o of_o which_o they_o allow_v one_o of_o these_o constellation_n and_o call_v they_o by_o their_o name_n not_o leave_v so_o much_o as_o one_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o give_v to_o their_o own_o most_o loâ—…ty_a and_o magnificent_a title_n but_o to_o foreign_a country_n most_o barbarous_a disagreeable_a and_o scornful_a name_n on_o purpose_n to_o exalt_v their_o own_o empire_n by_o disgrace_v all_o other_o kingdom_n at_o what_o time_n i_o reside_v with_o father_n lewis_n buglio_n in_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o sum_n chuen_fw-ge there_o be_v a_o persecution_n begin_v against_o the_o christian_a religion_n at_o the_o instigation_n of_o several_a thousand_o of_o bonze_n who_o assemble_v together_o from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o province_n and_o the_o same_o time_n accuse_v we_o in_o all_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o province_n more_o especial_o before_o the_o tribunal_n of_o crime_n which_o be_v call_v gán_n chan_o sum_o the_o precedent_n of_o which_o make_v answer_v to_o the_o petition_n of_o the_o bonze_n in_o this_o manner_n if_o these_o stranger_n remain_v in_o their_o habitation_n without_o stir_v forth_o or_o teach_v new_a invention_n chum_n que_fw-la chi_fw-mi tá_fw-la uû_fw-fr sò_fw-la pù_fw-fr yûm_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v this_o kingdom_n be_v so_o vast_a that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o contain_v both_o the_o native_n and_o the_o foreigner_n there_o be_v room_n enough_o for_o as_o many_o more_o but_o if_o they_o teach_v any_o new_a doctrine_n different_a from_o the_o sacred_a and_o true_a doctrine_n which_o we_o profess_v in_o this_o great_a empire_n or_o if_o they_o go_v about_o to_o surprise_v and_o delude_v the_o people_n let_v they_o be_v punish_v with_o every_o one_o forty_o lash_n and_o expel_v the_o province_n father_n nicholas_n longobardo_n have_v discourse_v for_o some_o time_n concern_v the_o law_n of_o god_n to_o some_o of_o the_o eunuch_n and_o with_o those_o solid_a reason_n and_o argument_n that_o it_o be_v apparent_a enough_o that_o they_o be_v inward_o convince_v they_o give_v no_o more_o than_o the_o follow_a reply_n chum_n que_fw-la chi_fw-mi uâi_fw-mi hûan_fw-mi yeù_fw-fr tao_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v what_o be_v this_o that_o we_o see_v what_o be_v this_o this_o that_o we_o hear_v be_v it_o possible_a that_o without_o the_o limit_n of_o this_o empire_n there_o shall_v be_v any_o rule_n or_o any_o path_n whereby_o to_o arrive_v at_o true_a virtue_n be_v there_o any_o other_o belief_n or_o any_o other_o law_n and_o i_o have_v many_o time_n observe_v that_o when_o i_o have_v be_v discourse_v with_o the_o learned_a concern_v the_o christian_a religion_n and_o the_o science_n of_o europe_n they_o ask_v i_o whether_o we_o have_v their_o book_n to_o which_o when_o i_o answer_v no_o they_o reply_v altogether_o surprise_v waver_v and_o scandalize_v if_o in_o europe_n you_o have_v not_o our_o book_n and_o our_o write_n what_o learning_n or_o what_o science_n can_v you_o have_v however_o these_o insidel_n deserve_v both_o to_o be_v pity_v and_o excuse_v since_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o imagine_v the_o high_a idea_n which_o not_o only_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o learned_a man_n but_o also_o the_o vulgar_a people_n have_v conceive_v of_o this_o empire_n and_o certain_o beside_o that_o our_o nature_n incline_v we_o always_o to_o put_v a_o value_n upon_o ourselves_o and_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o we_o the_o extraordinary_a grandeur_n and_o advantage_n of_o this_o kingdom_n contribute_v very_o much_o to_o puff_v up_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o chinese_n with_o foolish_a imagination_n and_o unparalleled_a pride_n note_n upon_o the_o three_o chapter_n a._n p._n 59_o the_o chronology_n of_o china_n be_v of_o extraordinary_a importance_n
significancy_n that_o in_o some_o measure_n they_o equal_v the_o greek_n and_o latin_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o the_o chinese_n letter_n and_o language_n which_o i_o have_v already_o mention_v i_o have_v collect_v alphabetical_o all_o the_o theological_a and_o philosophical_a term_n which_o our_o father_n make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o book_n which_o they_o compose_v for_o the_o chinese_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o word_n that_o express_v their_o signification_n much_o more_o happy_o and_o easy_o than_o we_o so_o curious_a and_o eloquent_a be_v that_o language_n it_o may_v be_v demand_v of_o i_o perhaps_o how_o it_o can_v be_v that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o word_n shall_v have_v so_o many_o signification_n and_o how_o they_o who_o understand_v they_o can_v distinguish_v they_o to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o variety_n of_o signification_n arise_v from_o the_o various_a couch_n of_o the_o monosyllable_n together_o as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o syllable_n mon_fw-fr and_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o accent_n and_o tone_n as_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o syllable_n po._n this_o distinction_n be_v so_o natural_a to_o the_o chinese_n that_o without_o make_v the_o least_o reflection_n upon_o the_o tone_n or_o accent_n they_o ready_o understand_v all_o the_o different_a signification_n of_o the_o same_o monosyllable_n i_o say_v without_o the_o least_o hesitation_n or_o reflection_n for_o that_o indeed_o the_o people_n know_v not_o what_o either_o tone_n or_o accent_n mean_v which_o be_v only_o understand_v by_o the_o poet_n and_o our_o father_n that_o travel_v into_o china_n who_o have_v acquire_v that_o knowledge_n come_v to_o understand_v the_o language_n with_o ease_n which_o else_o they_o can_v never_o do_v without_o a_o extraordinary_a deal_n of_o trouble_n we_o be_v behold_v for_o this_o curious_a and_o profitable_a observation_n of_o the_o tone_n to_o f._n lazaro_n catanco_n and_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o explain_v it_o by_o the_o comparison_n of_o a_o musician_n who_o by_o labour_n and_o skill_n have_v acquire_v a_o readiness_n to_o know_v and_o express_v the_o six_o tone_n ut_fw-la re_fw-mi mi_fw-mi fa_fw-it sol_fw-mi la_o which_o another_o man_n bear_v with_o necessary_a ability_n natural_o express_v and_o distingnish_v without_o the_o help_n of_o rule_n or_o art._n it_o do_v not_o follow_v nevertheless_o that_o the_o chineses_n sing_v out_o their_o word_n when_o they_o speak_v as_o one_o of_o our_o father_n of_o macao_n imagine_v or_o that_o they_o carry_v a_o tablet_n about_o their_o neck_n upon_o which_o they_o write_v down_o what_o they_o will_v say_v when_o we_o do_v not_o understand_v they_o as_o i_o be_v make_v believe_v when_o i_o first_o travel_v into_o the_o empire_n or_o that_o the_o chinese_n can_v whisper_v a_o man_n in_o the_o ear_n as_o once_o i_o think_v imagine_v it_o be_v necessary_a for_o they_o to_o exalt_v their_o voice_n to_o 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pronounce_v with_o a_o circumflex_n mark_v with_o a_o point_n have_v the_o same_o sound_n with_o to_o in_o totaliter_fw-la and_o signify_v to_o study_v or_o a_o solitary_a person_n because_o that_o a_o man_n must_v be_v retire_v that_o will_v read_v or_o study_v to_o advantage_n the_o chinese_n language_n have_v many_o other_o quality_n and_o advantage_n that_o show_v the_o wit_n and_o industry_n of_o those_o that_o invent_v it_o but_o i_o pass_v they_o over_o in_o silence_n for_o brevity_n sake_n however_o i_o can_v forbear_v to_o assert_v that_o the_o chinese_n language_n be_v more_o easy_a than_o the_o greek_a the_o latin_a or_o any_o of_o the_o other_o language_n of_o europe_n at_o least_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v i_o but_o that_o it_o be_v much_o more_o easy_a than_o the_o language_n of_o those_o other_o country_n where_o our_o society_n be_v employ_v in_o mission_n which_o be_v a_o advantage_n not_o a_o little_a considerable_a nor_o be_v this_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v question_v in_o regard_n my_o sentiment_n be_v conformable_a both_o to_o reason_n and_o experience_n for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o which_o more_o condnce_n to_o the_o acquire_v of_o a_o language_n then_o the_o memory_n and_o by_o consequence_n that_o language_n must_v be_v the_o most_o easy_a which_o have_v few_o word_n in_o regard_v a_o small_a number_n of_o word_n be_v more_o easy_o retain_v then_o a_o more_o copious_a quantity_n now_o the_o chinese_n language_n be_v the_o most_o concise_a of_o all_o other_o as_o not_o be_v compose_v of_o above_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o monosyllable_n whereas_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a contain_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o word_n of_o tense_n mood_n number_n person_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o chinese_n language_n require_v only_o a_o memory_n to_o retain_v the_o accent_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o form_n that_o distinguish_v the_o signification_n of_o word_n and_o to_o learn_v how_o to_o 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the_o invention_n of_o that_o illustrious_a person_n father_n matthew_n riccio_n in_o short_a they_o esteem_v and_o honour_v he_o to_o that_o degree_n that_o several_a believe_v that_o as_o cum_fw-la fu_fw-fr ci_fw-fr u_fw-mi be_v the_o prince_n the_o saint_n the_o master_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o chinese_n so_o father_n matthew_n riccio_n be_v the_o same_o among_o the_o european_n which_o be_v the_o high_a praise_n those_o idoliser_n of_o cum_fw-la fu_fw-fr ci_fw-fr we_o can_v give_v he_o father_n diego_n pantoja_n have_v also_o compose_v several_a learned_a treatise_n of_o the_o seven_o deadly_a sin_n of_o the_o seven_o virtue_n which_o be_v their_o contrary_n upon_o the_o pater_fw-la noster_fw-la upon_o the_o ave-marie_a and_o the_o credo_fw-la the_o father_n alfonso_n vanhone_n and_o julio_n aleni_n write_v several_a tome_n upon_o the_o christian_a religion_n upon_o the_o life_n of_o christ_n of_o the_o holy_a virgin_n and_o the_o saint_n
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partiality_n father_n ferdinand_n verâ—…stâ—…t_v â—…t_z the_o same_o time_n write_v a_o learned_a answer_n to_o 〈◊〉_d or_o rather_o a_o satyr_n full_a of_o mistake_v aâ—…d_v dolâ—…â—…norance_n which_o the_o same_o yam_n quam_fw-la siem_fw-la write_v against_o the_o european_a mathematics_n father_n anthony_n gouvea_fw-mi compose_v a_o catechism_n father_n john_n monteiro_n write_v two_o book_n the_o one_o of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o other_o of_o true_a adoration_n father_n francis_n sambiesi_n write_v four_o treatise_n of_o the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o moral_n of_o paint_v and_o sound_v all_o very_a short_a and_o high_o esteem_v i_o myself_o write_v a_o treatise_n of_o the_o resurrection_n of_o christ_n and_o another_o of_o the_o universal_a resurrection_n nicholas_n trigaut_n lazaro_n cataneo_fw-la gaspar_n ferreira_n and_o alvero_n semedo_n all_o father_n of_o the_o society_n have_v compose_v dictionary_n very_o large_a and_o very_a exact_a and_o gaspar_n 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can_v never_o have_v be_v translate_v and_o write_v in_o a_o foreign_a language_n and_o in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n have_v not_o the_o language_n be_v very_o easy_a so_o that_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o chinese_n language_n be_v more_o easy_a to_o learn_v then_o any_o other_o and_o that_o it_o be_v withal_o very_o elegant_a very_o copious_a and_o very_o expressive_a since_o it_o want_v for_o no_o term_n to_o explain_v and_o unfold_v the_o subtlety_n and_o mystery_n of_o theology_n philosophy_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o science_n i_o will_v conclude_v this_o chapter_n with_o the_o first_o paragraph_n of_o the_o first_o article_n of_o the_o commentary_n which_o i_o make_v upon_o the_o work_v of_o cum_fw-la fu_fw-la cius_fw-la with_o which_o our_o father_n always_o begin_v when_o they_o first_o set_v themselves_o to_o study_v the_o chinese_n letter_n and_o language_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o this_o short_a sample_n the_o beauty_n of_o the_o language_n and_o the_o wit_n of_o the_o people_n may_v be_v the_o better_o display_v they_o read_v the_o letter_n beginning_n from_o the_o top_n down_o to_o the_o bottom_n and_o from_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a but_o that_o i_o may_v the_o better_o conform_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o europe_n i_o have_v place_v the_o first_o column_n upon_o the_o left-hand_a to_o explain_v they_o you_o must_v put_v they_o together_o according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o cipher_n the_o mark_n or_o zero_fw-la which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o some_o letter_n be_v the_o point_n and_o accent_n of_o the_o chinese_n the_o order_n of_o the_o letter_n and_o the_o explanation_n of_o the_o text_n be_v take_v from_o two_o chinese_n commentator_n of_o which_o the_o one_o who_o live_v about_o three_o hundred_o year_n ago_o be_v call_v chun_n hi_o and_o the_o other_o who_o be_v a_o colao_n be_v name_v chamm_n kiù_fw-fr chim_z who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1610_o at_o what_o time_n matthew_n riccio_n arrive_v at_o this_o court_n of_o who_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v in_o this_o chapter_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 4_o great_a man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 1_o consist_v in_o the_o second_o place_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 3_o teach_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 2_o to_o renew_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 2_o to_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 3_o the_o people_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 1_o the_o rule_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 4_o consist_v in_o the_o 3d_o place_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 5_o consist_v in_o the_o first_o place_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 5_o to_o stop_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 6_o to_o enlighten_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 6_o at_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 7_o reasonable_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 7_o the_o sovereign_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nature_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 8_o good_n the_o commentary_n and_o explanation_n of_o the_o text._n the_o method_n for_o great_a man_n to_o learn_v consistâ—…_n in_o three_o thing_n the_o first_o be_v to_o unfold_v the_o rational_a nature_n the_o second_o be_v to_o reform_v mankind_n and_o the_o three_o to_o stop_v at_o the_o sovereign_n good._n as_o to_o the_o first_o the_o rational_a nature_n be_v the_o heart_n of_o man_n for_o the_o chineses_n make_v no_o distinct_a on_o between_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o will_n but_o attribute_n to_o the_o heart_n what_o ever_o we_o attribute_v to_o those_o faculty_n the_o heart_n be_v a_o substance_n pure_a and_o intelligent_a without_o any_o darkness_n or_o obscurity_n and_o where_o man_n have_v always_o ready_a all_o requisite_a reason_n to_o answer_v to_o all_o difficulty_n that_o present_v themselves_o but_o because_o that_o at_o the_o very_a moment_n of_o our_o birth_n this_o intelligent_a and_o rational_a nature_n be_v cage_a up_o and_o enclose_v within_o the_o prison_n of_o the_o body_n and_o for_o that_o our_o inordinate_a
establish_a and_o confirm_v they_o share_v their_o employment_n and_o regulate_v their_o function_n with_o so_o much_o prudence_n that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o which_o be_v so_o absolute_a in_o the_o affair_n which_o be_v under_o their_o jurisdiction_n but_o they_o depend_v one_o upon_o another_o for_o example_n the_o first_o precedent_n of_o the_o four_o tribunal_n which_o be_v that_o of_o war_n have_v it_o a_o independent_a authority_n have_v a_o easy_a opportunity_n to_o rebel_v because_o all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v at_o their_o disposal_n but_o they_o want_v money_n and_o therefore_o of_o necessity_n they_o must_v have_v the_o king_n leave_n and_o order_n to_o require_v it_o from_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o pioner_n bark_n boat_n wagon_n tent_n and_o other_o instrument_n of_o war_n belong_v to_o the_o six_o tribunal_n to_o which_o the_o four_o must_v address_v themselves_o beside_o that_o the_o horse_n be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o a_o petty_a separate_a tribunal_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o the_o military_a mandarin_n make_v five_o tribunal_n which_o be_v call_v u_o furio_n or_o five_o cass_n their_o palace_n be_v place_v westward_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o palace_n royal_a and_o be_v thus_o distinguish_v by_o their_o name_n the_o first_o be_v call_v heu_fw-la furio_n or_o the_o rereguard_n the_o second_o tso_n su_n or_o the_o left_a wing_n the_o three_o you_o furio_n or_o the_o right_a wing_n the_o four_o chum_n furio_n or_o the_o main_a battle_n and_o the_o five_o lien_n furio_n or_o the_o vanguard_n the_o five_o tribunal_n be_v govern_v by_o fifteen_o great_a lord_n as_o marquess_n count_n etc._n etc._n three_o in_o each_o tribunal_n of_o which_o the_o one_o be_v precedent_n and_o the_o other_o two_o his_o assessor_n they_o be_v all_o fifteen_o of_o the_o first_o order_n of_o the_o mandarin_n but_o the_o precedent_n be_v of_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o that_o order_n and_o the_o assessor_n of_o the_o second_o all_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n of_o the_o court_n be_v under_o their_o care_n these_o five_o tribunal_n have_v one_o superior_a tribunal_n above_o they_o which_o be_v call_v ium_o chim_z fu_fw-mi that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o supreme_a tribunal_n of_o war_n the_o precedent_n of_o which_o be_v always_o one_o of_o the_o great_a lord_n in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o authority_n of_o this_o tribunal_n extend_v itself_o over_o all_o these_o five_o tribunal_n and_o over_o all_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o to_o prevent_v their_o abuse_n so_o large_a a_o power_n they_o be_v curb_v by_o a_o assessor_n set_v over_o they_o who_o be_v a_o mandarin_n of_o learning_n with_o the_o title_n of_o supreme_a regent_n of_o arm_n and_o two_o royal_a controller_n who_o be_v equal_o concern_v in_o the_o management_n of_o affair_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o precede_a family_n these_o tribunal_n have_v a_o very_a great_a authority_n and_o be_v much_o more_o high_o honour_v and_o esteem_v nevertheless_o they_o have_v much_o more_o reputation_n than_o real_a power_n in_o regard_n the_o execution_n of_o business_n belong_v to_o the_o superior_a tribunal_n of_o arm_n call_v pim_n pu_fw-fr it_o may_v be_v object_v perhaps_o that_o these_o five_o tribunal_n be_v superfluous_a because_o they_o depend_v upon_o the_o four_o of_o the_o six_o superior_a court_n but_o in_o answer_n to_o this_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v at_o court_n at_o that_o time_n a_o great_a number_n of_o lord_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v hium_fw-la chin_n or_o vassal_n of_o great_a merit_n who_o ancestor_n have_v assist_v the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o precede_a race_n to_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o empire_n beside_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o there_o be_v no_o passion_n so_o prevail_v over_o the_o chinese_n as_o the_o violent_a ambition_n of_o rule_n and_o command_n as_o be_v that_o wherein_o they_o place_v all_o their_o chief_a glory_n and_o happiness_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o answer_n which_o a_o mandarin_n make_v to_o father_n matthew_n ricci_n for_o that_o same_o father_n discourse_v of_o our_o holy_a law_n and_o of_o that_o eternal_a felicity_n which_o they_o who_o embrace_v it_o enjoy_v hereafter_o come_v come_v say_v the_o mandarin_n hold_v your_o tongue_n and_o lay_v aside_o these_o idle_a conceit_n your_o great_a glory_n and_o happiness_n as_o a_o stranger_n it_o be_v to_o abide_v in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o this_o court._n and_o for_o my_o own_o part_n all_o my_o glory_n and_o happiness_n consist_v in_o this_o same_o girdle_n and_o habit_n of_o a_o mandarin_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v nothing_o but_o fable_n and_o word_n which_o the_o wind_n blow_v away_o mere_a story_n of_o thing_n invisible_a or_o rather_o never_o to_o be_v see_v that_o which_o be_v visible_a be_v to_o command_v other_o gold_n and_o silver_n wife_n and_o concubine_n and_o multitude_n of_o servant_n of_o both_o sex_n these_o be_v visible_a noble_a house_n great_a wealth_n banquet_n divertisement_n these_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o a_o word_n estate_n honour_n and_o glory_n be_v the_o consequence_n of_o be_v a_o mandarin_n this_o be_v all_o the_o felicity_n which_o we_o desire_v and_o enjoy_v in_o this_o large_a empire_n and_o not_o your_o vain_a felicity_n which_o be_v as_o unprofitable_a as_o it_o be_v invisible_a and_o impossible_a to_o obtain_v these_o be_v the_o carnal_a sentiment_n of_o man_n no_o less_o blind_a than_o proud_a and_o haughty_a which_o be_v so_o the_o king_n who_o understand_v the_o humour_n of_o that_o nation_n especial_o of_o the_o grandee_n for_o their_o satisfaction_n be_v think_v themselves_o of_o these_o tribunal_n which_o they_o erect_v and_o regulate_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o give_v they_o a_o opportunity_n to_o satisfy_v their_o ambition_n with_o the_o honour_n and_o profit_n belong_v to_o their_o office_n and_o prevent_v they_o from_o do_v mischief_n by_o the_o small_a authority_n which_o they_o have_v allow_v they_o now_o as_o there_o be_v some_o mandarin_n who_o be_v not_o of_o any_o of_o the_o nine_o order_n which_o be_v call_v vi_o jo_o lieu_n or_o man_n not_o settle_v there_o be_v other_o which_o be_v call_v vu_z pin_n or_o such_o for_o who_o there_o be_v no_o degree_n high_a enough_o or_o such_o who_o merit_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o be_v above_o all_o order_n and_o degree_n these_o be_v the_o petty_a king_n duke_n marquess_n &c._n &c._n which_o govern_v the_o two_o tribunal_n of_o arms._n but_o though_o they_o be_v honour_v with_o title_n and_o some_o small_a authority_n which_o they_o enjoy_v by_o virtue_n of_o their_o quality_n of_o mandarin_n nevertheless_o the_o dignity_n of_o duke_n and_o marquess_n which_o their_o great_a service_n have_v purchase_v be_v far_o more_o value_v and_o esteem_v and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o eleven_o superior_a court_n or_o tribunal_n we_o shall_v now_o brief_o give_v you_o a_o prospect_n of_o the_o other_o tribunal_n of_o the_o court_n and_o whole_a empire_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o several_a other_o tribunal_n at_o pekim_n the_o licentiate_n of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n who_o the_o chineses_n call_v kiu_fw-mi gin_fw-mi or_o man_n famous_a for_o learning_n meet_v together_o every_o three_o year_n at_o the_o court_n at_o pekim_n and_o be_v there_o examine_v for_o thirteen_o day_n together_o a_o month_n after_o the_o degree_n of_o doctor_n be_v give_v to_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o six_o who_o have_v display_v the_o most_o pregnant_a of_o part_n and_o ingenuity_n in_o their_o composition_n out_o of_o these_o young_a doctor_n the_o king_n make_v choice_n of_o the_o young_a and_o most_o ingenious_a and_o prefer_v they_o to_o a_o tribunal_n call_v han_n len_n ve_v that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o garden_n or_o wood_n flourish_v in_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n this_o tribunal_n contain_v a_o great_a number_n of_o mandarin_n all_o very_a learned_a and_o the_o most_o sprightly_a wit_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o five_o class_n and_o compose_v five_o tribunal_n with_o the_o name_n and_o employment_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v the_o reader_n for_o fear_n of_o be_v tedious_a but_o only_o give_v a_o general_a account_n of_o their_o function_n they_o be_v tutor_n to_o the_o prince_n who_o be_v heir_n to_o the_o empire_n who_o they_o instruct_v in_o virtue_n civility_n and_o the_o liberal_a science_n by_o degree_n also_o as_o he_o grow_v in_o year_n they_o teach_v he_o the_o true_a art_n of_o govern_v and_o the_o method_n of_o good_a conduct_n they_o set_v down_o all_o the_o remarkable_a accident_n that_o happen_v either_o at_o court_n or_o throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o which_o most_o deserve_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o posterity_n they_o compile_v the_o general_a history_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o be_v always_o at_o
father_n gabriel_n de_fw-fr magaillans_n a_o native_a of_o portugal_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o year_n 1609._o he_o spend_v his_o first_o year_n in_o the_o house_n of_o one_o of_o his_o uncle_n who_o be_v a_o canon_n and_o who_o take_v care_n to_o educate_v he_o in_o piety_n and_o the_o fear_n of_o god._n afterward_o he_o study_v in_o the_o school_n of_o the_o society_n of_o jesus_n in_o the_o famous_a university_n of_o conimbre_n where_o move_v by_o the_o good_a example_n of_o those_o father_n he_o resolve_v to_o forsake_v the_o world_n and_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o society_n at_o seventeen_o year_n of_o age_n be_v as_o yet_o but_o a_o noviciate_n he_o beg_v leave_v that_o he_o may_v be_v send_v to_o the_o mission_n of_o the_o east_n indies_n which_o will_v not_o be_v grant_v he_o however_o till_o he_o have_v complete_v his_o study_n of_o rhetoric_n and_o philosophy_n he_o arrive_v at_o goa_n in_o the_o year_n 1634_o where_o he_o be_v immediate_o employ_v to_o teach_v rhetoric_n to_o the_o young_a religious_a of_o the_o house_n two_o year_n afterward_o he_o earnest_o desire_v that_o he_o may_v be_v send_v to_o the_o mission_n of_o japan_n which_o be_v with_o great_a reluctancy_n at_o length_n consent_v to_o by_o his_o superior_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a progress_n which_o their_o scholar_n make_v under_o such_o a_o master_n when_o he_o arrive_v at_o macao_n the_o father_n visitor_n order_v he_o to_o teach_v philosophy_n to_o which_o he_o thereupon_o begin_v to_o settle_v himself_o but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o come_v a_o christian_a mandarin_n who_o discharge_v he_o from_o that_o employment_n and_o indeed_o the_o father_n visitor_n be_v willing_a to_o lay_v hold_n of_o the_o opportunity_n of_o such_o a_o officer_n by_o his_o mean_n to_o get_v the_o liberty_n of_o send_v a_o person_n of_o merit_n into_o china_n to_o assist_v the_o missionary_n there_o for_o at_o that_o time_n there_o be_v no_o person_n in_o the_o whole_a college_n who_o be_v proper_a for_o that_o country_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o f._n magaillans_n observe_v so_o favourable_a a_o conjuncture_n earnest_o beg_v the_o employment_n which_o be_v grant_v he_o as_o soon_o thereupon_o he_o depart_v with_o the_o mandarin_n and_o arrive_v at_o the_o city_n of_o han_n cheu_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n of_o vhe_fw-it kiam_fw-la where_o the_o vice_n provincial_a then_o reside_v at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o there_o come_v intelligence_n from_o the_o province_n of_o sum_n chuen_fw-ge that_o father_n lewis_n buglio_n who_o be_v go_v to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o mission_n there_o be_v fall_v sick_a and_o want_v a_o companion_n thereupon_o father_n magaillans_n offer_v himself_o and_o obtain_v leave_v to_o go_v and_o assist_v he_o and_o though_o it_o be_v a_o journey_n of_o above_o four_o month_n from_o ham_n cheu_fw-la to_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o suchuen_n nevertheless_o he_o fortunate_o arrive_v there_o and_o become_v a_o great_a help_n to_o father_n buglio_n and_o than_o it_o be_v that_o he_o apply_v himself_o with_o great_a industry_n to_o the_o study_n of_o the_o chinese_n language_n and_o letter_n which_o he_o learn_v with_o a_o extraordinary_a ease_n two_o year_n after_o there_o happen_v a_o violent_a persecution_n against_o the_o preacher_n of_o the_o gospel_n raise_v by_o the_o bonze_v of_o that_o province_n who_o assemble_v together_o in_o great_a number_n from_o the_o neighbour_a city_n accuse_v the_o father_n of_o rebellion_n in_o all_o the_o tribunal_n of_o that_o metropolis_n the_o chief_a mandarin_n therefore_o of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o crime_n fear_v a_o revolt_n at_o a_o time_n when_o the_o kingdom_n be_v turmoil_v with_o several_a insurrection_n order_v that_o the_o father_n shall_v be_v well_o drub_v and_o then_o expel_v out_o of_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o province_n but_o they_o put_v their_o confidence_n in_o god_n assistance_n and_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o mandarin_n of_o which_o the_o great_a part_n be_v their_o friend_n will_v not_o forsake_v their_o station_n thereupon_o the_o bonze_n hang_v up_o libel_n every_o day_n in_o the_o principal_a quarter_n of_o the_o city_n against_o the_o father_n as_o also_o against_o the_o mandarin_n but_o one_o of_o the_o military_a mandarin_n who_o be_v a_o christian_a take_v care_n to_o have_v they_o pull_v down_o by_o the_o soldier_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o father_n write_v several_a book_n wherein_o they_o explain_v and_o assert_v the_o truth_n of_o their_o faith_n and_o refel_v the_o imposture_n of_o their_o adversary_n this_o persecution_n last_v three_o month_n but_o then_o the_o bonze_n whether_o it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o mandarin_n who_o protect_v the_o father_n or_o whether_o they_o want_v money_n to_o maintain_v they_o any_o long_o in_o the_o capital_a city_n retire_v home_o one_o after_o another_o and_o then_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n who_o favour_v the_o father_n 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he_o his_o own_o order_n what_o to_o do_v according_o within_a half_a a_o hour_n he_o send_v three_o person_n the_o most_o considerable_a in_o his_o court_n with_o a_o elegy_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o father_n two_o hundred_o taels_n or_o about_o fourscore_o pound_n and_o ten_o great_a piece_n of_o damask_n for_o his_o shroud_n with_o command_n to_o perform_v all_o the_o customary_a ceremony_n before_o the_o corpse_n of_o the_o decease_a and_o to_o bewail_v he_o after_o the_o usual_a manner_n which_o the_o two_o messenger_n do_v shed_v a_o great_a number_n of_o tear_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o whole_a assembly_n the_o elegy_n which_o the_o king_n give_v the_o father_n be_v in_o these_o word_n i_o understand_v that_o nghan_n ven_o sum_o for_o by_o that_o name_n they_o call_v the_o father_n in_o china_n be_v dead_a of_o a_o distemper_n i_o make_v he_o this_o writing_n in_o consideration_n that_o while_o my_o father_n live_v who_o be_v the_o first_o emperor_n of_o our_o family_n this_o same_o holy_a person_n by_o his_o ingenious_a piece_n of_o art_n delight_v the_o genius_n and_o humour_n of_o my_o father_n and_o for_o that_o after_o they_o be_v invent_v he_o take_v care_n to_o preserve_v they_o with_o a_o extraordinary_a industry_n and_o beyond_o his_o strength_n but_o more_o especial_o for_o that_o he_o come_v from_o a_o region_n so_o far_o distant_a and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o abide_v several_a year_n in_o china_n he_o be_v a_o man_n true_o sincere_a and_o of_o a_o solid_a wit_n as_o he_o make_v appear_v during_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n i_o be_v in_o good_a hope_n his_o disease_n may_v have_v be_v overcome_v by_o remedy_n but_o contrary_a to_o my_o expectation_n he_o be_v remove_v for_o ever_o from_o we_o to_o the_o great_a sorrow_n and_o sensible_a grief_n of_o my_o heart_n for_o that_o reason_n i_o make_v he_o a_o present_a of_o two_o hundred_o crown_n and_o ten_o large_a piece_n of_o damask_n to_o show_v that_o 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the_o decease_a because_o he_o have_v order_v they_o to_o accompany_v it_o to_o the_o grave_a which_o be_v a_o extraordinary_a honour_n however_o the_o father_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o give_v notice_n to_o their_o friend_n of_o his_o death_n for_o fear_v of_o the_o disturbance_n it_o will_v be_v to_o their_o mind_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o friend_n and_o mandarin_n who_o come_v with_o their_o present_n to_o perform_v the_o usual_a ceremony_n while_o other_o send_v their_o eulogy_n and_o encomium_n upon_o the_o father_n write_v up_o on_o white_a satin_n some_o day_n before_o he_o be_v bury_v the_o same_o three_o person_n come_v to_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v the_o king_n pleasure_n his_o funeral_n shall_v be_v very_o magnificent_a so_o that_o the_o father_n as_o well_o to_o conform_v themselves_o to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n as_o to_o show_v their_o high_a value_n of_o the_o elegy_n which_o the_o prince_n have_v send_v they_o make_v more_o than_o ordinary_a preparation_n upon_o the_o day_n of_o the_o funeral_n the_o same_o three_o person_n come_v in_o very_o good_a time_n to_o accompany_v the_o corpse_n according_a to_o the_o king_n command_n there_o come_v also_o a_o great_a number_n of_o mandarin_n acquaintance_n and_o other_o person_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o respect_n and_o as_o for_o the_o ceremony_n it_o be_v perform_v after_o the_o follow_a manner_n ten_o soldier_n march_v before_o with_o their_o arm_n to_o clear_v the_o street_n they_o be_v follow_v by_o ten_o usher_n of_o several_a tribunal_n that_o carry_v tablet_n wherein_o be_v write_v a_o order_n of_o the_o mandarin_n to_o give_v way_n under_o pain_n of_o punishment_n twenty_o four_o trumpeter_n and_o hoeboys_n with_o several_a sort_n of_o other_o instrument_n follow_v they_o and_o precede_v the_o king_n elegy_n that_o be_v write_v upon_o yellow_a satin_n and_o carry_v in_o a_o litter_n surround_v with_o four_o and_o twenty_o piece_n of_o satin_n of_o various_a colour_n this_o elegy_n be_v attend_v by_o several_a christian_a eunuch_n of_o which_o there_o be_v some_o that_o wait_v upon_o the_o king_n person_n afterward_o appear_v three_o other_o litter_n adorn_v with_o several_a piece_n of_o silk_n in_o the_o first_o be_v carry_v the_o cross_n in_o the_o second_o the_o picture_n of_o the_o holy_a virgin_n and_o in_o the_o three_o the_o picture_n of_o st._n michael_n these_o litter_n observe_v a_o convenient_a distance_n one_o from_o the_o other_o and_o in_o the_o space_n between_o there_o go_v a_o great_a number_n of_o christian_n of_o which_o some_o carry_v lanthern_n some_o banner_n and_o other_o censor_n other_o carry_v wax_v taper_n sweet_a odour_n and_o other_o thing_n after_o that_o in_o another_o banner_n be_v carry_v the_o portraiture_n of_o the_o father_n surround_v with_o piece_n of_o silk_n which_o the_o king_n have_v order_v to_o be_v draw_v to_o the_o life_n three_o year_n before_o together_o with_o the_o picture_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o father_n by_o a_o famous_a painter_n of_o the_o palace_n this_o picture_n be_v attend_v by_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o christian_n among_o which_o there_o be_v above_o threescore_o in_o mourn_v the_o father_n come_v last_o and_o just_a before_o the_o stately_a coffin_n which_o be_v â—…t_v into_o a_o hearse_n varnish_v over_o with_o god_n and_o vermillion_n under_o a_o canopy_n of_o a_o rich_a piece_n of_o red_a velvet_n which_o be_v environ_v with_o certain_a piece_n of_o white_a and_o blue_a damask_n and_o be_v the_o king_n gift_n the_o coffin_n be_v carry_v by_o seventy_o man_n who_o have_v every_o one_o a_o mourn_a bonnet_n upon_o their_o head_n and_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o follow_v the_o coffin_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o front_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o rear_n above_o a_o mile_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o enterrment_n the_o response_n be_v sing_v with_o other_o usual_a prayer_n and_o ceremony_n of_o the_o christian_n to_o which_o purpose_n eight_o christian_a mandarin_n in_o surplice_n assist_v the_o father_n that_o perform_v the_o office._n the_o christian_n also_o sing_v with_o great_a devotion_n the_o litany_n of_o the_o holy_a virgin_n and_o then_o the_o body_n be_v put_v into_o a_o sepulchre_n make_v of_o brick_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o ceremony_n be_v over_o you_o may_v hear_v the_o lamentation_n and_o moan_n of_o the_o whole_a assembly_n accompany_v with_o tear_n that_o show_v the_o reality_n of_o their_o grief_n the_o three_o person_n also_o send_v from_o the_o emperor_n perform_v their_o part_n and_o three_o day_n after_o they_o return_v by_o the_o king_n order_n and_o pay_v the_o same_o funeral_n respect_v as_o upon_o the_o burial_n day_n never_o be_v see_v in_o this_o court_n a_o funeral_n so_o magnificent_a whether_o you_o consider_v the_o multitude_n of_o those_o that_o be_v at_o it_o their_o modesty_n their_o tear_n and_o their_o sincere_a sorrow_n or_o the_o honour_n do_v to_o the_o party_n decease_a by_o the_o king_n and_o the_o elegy_n which_o he_o give_v he_o contrary_a to_o the_o usual_a custom_n so_o high_o have_v this_o good_a father_n merit_v all_o a_o long_a the_o mark_n of_o esteem_n that_o be_v bestow_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o modesty_n which_o he_o show_v in_o all_o his_o action_n by_o his_o extreme_a charity_n for_o all_o the_o world_n and_o particular_o towards_o the_o poor_a by_o his_o affability_n to_o all_o sort_n of_o person_n by_o the_o hardship_n which_o he_o suffer_v for_o the_o love_n of_o god_n â—…d_v his_o zeal_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n though_o at_o the_o expense_n of_o his_o life_n and_o reputation_n the_o king_n understanding_n by_o the_o person_n who_o he_o have_v depute_v to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o ceremony_n the_o solemnity_n of_o the_o funeral_n and_o with_o what_o pomp_n and_o decency_n it_o have_v be_v perform_v be_v extreme_o satisfy_v so_o that_o when_o the_o father_n go_v to_o return_v their_o thanks_o to_o his_o majesty_n he_o make_v they_o approach_v very_o near_o his_o person_n entertain_v they_o with_o a_o particular_a sweetness_n and_o favour_n and_o cheer_v they_o for_o their_o loss_n with_o expression_n full_a of_o goodness_n and_o sincerity_n finis_fw-la letter_n of_o peter_n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr verbiest_n pag._n 221._o pag._n 250._o pag._n 265._o pag._n 265._o pag._n 265._o pag._n 267._o