of his Son as Mediator for tho the Father might make the first Proposal of this to his Son yet 't is by Christ's Undertaking that God is pacified c. He was made a Curse for us therefore as by the Offence of one Judgment came upon all Men to Condemnation so by the Righteousness of one the Free-gift came upon all Men unto Justification of Life For as by one Man's Disobedience many were made Sinners so by the Obedience of one shall many be made Righteous As Adam brought us into Debt and made us obnoxious to Divine Wrath so Jesus Christ hath paid our Debts by his active Obedience to God's Law and by bearing that Wrath on his Soul and Body which our Sins had brought upon us For the Transgressions of my People was be stricken 2. See how the Mediator prevails with God for instead of God's demanding an inherent Righteousness a Righteousness wrought out in our Persons he accepts of an Imputed Righteousness wrought out in the Person of his own Son in our Nature as Mediator Who of God is made unto us Wisdom and Righteousness and Sanctification and Redemption In the Lord shall one say have I Righteousness and Strength And then on the other side 1. Christ is of a mollifying Temper towards Man for he brings Man that he might partake of the Blessings of Peace to forego or give up all his own Righteousness as good for nothing nay to account it as Dung in point of Justification at God's Bar or when it is compared to the Righteousness of God in Christ and instead of seeking Justification by our own Righteousness or by our Faith and sincere Obedience utterly to renounce it and to submit to the Righteousness of God That we may be Justified freely by his Grace through the Redemption that is in Christ Jesus 2. Not to work to be Justified not to repent or love God to be Justified But to work not but believe in him that Justifies the Vngodly 3. Not to work for Life but from Life i. e. from a Principle of Life wrought in the Soul not to change one Work or Act of the Creature in Justification to another Work or Act of the Creature I mean not to renounce all Works of the Law in point of Justification and to include Gospel-works or Faith and Obedience as part of our Justifying Righteousness before God no no but to exclude all manner of Works Faith and Obedience whatsoever and to rest upon Christ alone or on his Righteousness exclusive of all the Creature doth or can do 4. And tho the Soul sees he is already Justified and accepted in the Beloved and for ever delivered from Wrath and Condemnation yet to live a Holy Life and renounce all Sin and Iniquity from a Principle of Faith and because Sin is so hateful unto God and so abominable in his Sight and because Christ is his Lord therefore to do all things whatsoever he commandeth him and all this in Love to Christ not to seek his Acceptance and Justification by the Worth of his Faith and Obedience but in Christ and to account himself an Vnprofitable Servant when he hath done all that Christ hath commanded him 5. Christ never leaves his Elect until he hath brought them to these Terms XIII A Mediator whose Mediation is rejected after long Patience leaves the Offended and Obstinate Person to the Severity of that Law he hath broke and under the Sentence thereof So my Brethren will the Lord Jesus Christ after long Patience and Forbearance leave all Obstinate Rebellious and Unbelieving Sinners to the Severity of the Law of God which they have broken and to the Wrath and Vengeance of God He that believeth not is Condemned already All are condemned in the first Adam and their Condemnation will be aggravated upon them because they reject the Offers of Peace or the Mediation of Jesus Christ and believe not in him and indeed all Men would do this was not Infinite Love shewed and Power put forth towards some according to God's Eternal Purpose in Election XIV A Mediator leaves no liberty of an Appeal after he hath passed the definitive Sentence Moreover it is some times left to him also to pass that Sentence So my Brethren the Lord Christ at the last Day will leave no room for any Sinner to appeal to any other Court or Person there will be no relief for God the Father hath committed all Judgment to the Son he will therefore pass the definitive Sentence against all Mankind in the Day of Judgment For the Father Judgeth no Man but hath committed all Judgment to the Son All Judgment in the Administration of the Mediatory Kingdom is given to Jesus Christ and in and by the Son will God Judge the World Because he hath appointed a Day in the which he will Judge the World in Righteousness by that Man whom he hath ordained whereof he hath given assurance to all Men in that he hath raised him from the Dead The Mediator of this Peace shall Judge all Men he shall execute Judgment because he is the Son of Man and this God will do That all Men may honour the Son even as they honour the Father Which shews that the same Honour and Divine Worship is due to Christ that is due to God the Father he being the very same Eternal God So much at present as to Christ's Work as Mediator of this Covenant of Peace And now let me apply this before I proceed to the next thing which is the Suretiship of Christ. APPLICATION 1. We infer from hence that Sin is exceeding sinful O what Evil is there in Sin That nothing can atone for it nor make our Peace but the Blood of the Lord Jesus Christ the Mediator It is not his bare Pleading but it must be done by his bleeding or dying for us or in our stead And O how great was that Breach which nothing could make up but such a Bloody Sacrifice 2. We also infer from hence that God's Love to us in Christ is an amazing and wonderful Love our Peace shall be made tho it cost God the Blood of his own dear and beloved Son God so loved the World How was that Who can conceive of the greatness of it Even so as he gave his only begotten Son to die for us even for his Enemies God commended his Love towards us in that while we were yet Sinners Christ died for us for when we were Enemies we were reconciled to God by the Death of his Son Not that God was only reconcileable but by that Sacrifice God was reconciled our Faith doth not reconcile God to us but we thereby receive the Atonement or the Blessing of Peace and Reconciliation 3. We infer likewise from hence that the Love of Jesus Christ was wonderful and his Condescention exceeding great What did God take our Nature into Union with
suffered as our Head and Representative in our stead or room the Just for the Vnjust or the Surety for the Principal or for the Sinner and this according to the Terms agreed upon in the Covenant of Peace and not simply for our good any otherwise God being in his own Nature Just as well as Gracious could not without Wrong or Injury to his Justice Holiness and the Sanction of his Law Acquit Justifie and Pardon any Sinner without a full Satisfaction to both Law and Justice and this must either be done by us or by our Surety for us 2. We affirm that the Law of Perfect Obedience results from the Holiness Purity and Rectitude of God's Nature and therefore it stands as a perpetual Law and can never be abolished as a Rule of Life tho it be taken away as it required perfect Obedience of us or as a Law of Works to be fulfilled and satisfied for in our own Persons in point of Justification Do we then make void the Law through Faith God forbid Yea we establish the Law because by Christ we attain a perfect Righteousness being interested in his most compleat and perfect Obedience to the Moral Law and by his Spirit to live in more exact Conformity thereunto My Brethren Is it not our Duty still and as much as ever it was To love the Lord our God with all our Hearts with all our Souls and with all our Strength and our Neighbour as our selves not only sincerely but perfectly nay to be perfect as our Father in Heaven is perfect Tho we are not able to do this yet the Moral Law still remains and requires us thus to do true we shall not be Damned for want of this perfect Obedienc because Christ hath in our Nature and stead kept the Law perfectly for us and so he is the end of the Law in respect of Righteousness to all that believe Christ did not come to engage or undertake as a Mediator that we should perfectly in our own Persons keep the Moral Law and so be Justified in God's Sight nor did he come to undertake that we should sincerely keep any other Law to that end much less leave us to the exercise of our Natural or Spiritual Abilities to keep such a Law as the Condition of our Justification and Acceptation with God but he came to procure for us such a Righteousness by his own Obedience and Suffering that the Holiness Justice and Law of God doth require of us if we are Justified with God for what the Law could not do in that it was weak through the Flesh God sent furth his Son c. T is a hard case my Brethren that these degenerate Presbyterians or any pretending to be Gospel-Preachers should deny Christ to be a Common Head and Surety for the Elect for he that dies in the stead and room of others is by the consent of the Law-giver substituted in their Law place and so takes upon him the Capacity of a Surety Representative or common Person undertaking to do and suffer what others should but these Men deny this Relation or Capacity of Christ as a Surety in this Sense and therefore deny he obeyed and died in our stead And from hence it follows also that Christ did not do that for us which our own Perfect Obedience did do whilst Man stood and would have done had he not sinned i. e. Justified him or have given him a Title to Life 3. Moreover if Christ was not put in our Law place as our Representative and Surety Why was he made of a Woman and made under the Law Was it not that the Law might reach him 1. As to its commanding Power as our Surety to pay the Debt of Perfect Obedience thereunto 2. And as a Sinner in a Law Sense to die or be made Sin for us that is by Imputation for had not he been under the Law the Law could not have reached him in either sense i. e. either to do or suffer and had not he took our Law place upon him we could not have been the better for what could his taking our Nature on him have profited us had he not been substituted in our room But as we were obliged by the Law Justice and Holiness of God to keep the Law perfectly so he was made under the Law to keep it for us and as we were sinful Men and liable to the Just Sentence of the Law for our Violation of it so he was made under the Law and as our Representative and Surety to die and to satisfie Divine Justice for our Transgressions that were against it He was made under the Law i. e. under the Preceptory part of it to fulfil and establish that he satisfied for that part of the Law He was under the Law as being liable to the Punishment or Penalty of the Law that he might answer and fulfil that and for ever deliver us from the Punishment thereof and all this as our Surety standing in our Law place Reproof This may tend severely to reprehend those new and erroneous Notions that so prevail amongst us concerning Christ's Work and Office as Mediator we say and prove that by Christ's Active and Perfect Obedience to the Law we are justified and delivered from Wrath and Condemnation or that by Christ's Righteousness imputed Believers are perfectly Justified and freed from the Curse of the Law and are certainly entituled to Eternal Life 1. But our new Work-mongers assert That our Justification or Right to Life dependeth wholly upon our Obedience to the Gospel as a Law as the Condition to which it is promised Therefore as one observes it puts us into a Condition of Life imperfect and subject to change as Obedience it self is and that we are not perfectly Justified till our Obedience is perfected Thus Mr. Clark of High-Wickham and others Take Mr. Clark's Words viz. Our Justification at present while we are in this World is but Partial Imperfect and Incompleat Ans. Now say I this confounds Justification with Sanctification and as I have told him then it also follows that Believers are partly justified and partly condemned i. e. we are not acquitted from the guilt of all Sin whilst in this World and so Christ's Dove is not Vndefiled Lord what an Age do we live in 2. We say that we are made Partakers of Christ's Righteousness and the Benefits of it by our Union with him through the Spirit by which means Faith is wrought in us by which we apprehend him and we say that Faith is an Instrument whereby we receive him Faith only Justifying us objectively i. e. It is not Faith but Jesus Christ that Faith takes hold of that doth Justifie us in the Sight of God But they say That Faith in its whole Latitude is our believing and obeying the Gospel that is Faith and all the Fruits thereof or Faith and Obedience or if you please Faith and Gospel-Works For Mr. Clark says That
Justification by Works springing from Faith is Justification by Faith in this Sense Again they say That we are made Partakers of the Benefits of Christ he having purchased this Grant or Law i. e. That they that do obey him to the end shall be saved that is Our Obedience doth both Justifie us and Save us Answ. The Vanity of which and how erroneous it is we have shewed some time since * 3. They say Christ hath merited a New Law or easier Terms and Conditions that our Faith Obedience and Good Works may Justifie and Save us but what saith Paul All boasting is excluded not legal boasting only but all boasting and cause of boasting but by their New Law boasting is let in Moreover he says If it be of Grace it is not of Works and if it be of Works it is not of Grace or else Grace is no more Grace and Works no more Works Brethren Works cannot mix with Free Grace they are directly contrary to each other in their Nature besides these Men forget that we are Justified alone by the Obedience and Righteousness of one even as we were made Sinners by the Disobedience of one and that is by the Righteousness of Christ imputed to us for it was by the Disobedience of Adam as imputed to us that we became Sinners In a word Christ hath wrought out a Righteousness for us which is put upon us or accounted or imputed to us and not that Christ merited a Law that a Justifying Righteousness might be wrought out in us or by us in conforming to that New Law Who of God is made unto us Wisdom and Righteousness and Sanctification and Redemption Not only that his Righteousness is the Meritorious Cause of our Justification as Mr. Clark affirms p. 104. but the Material Cause thereof or that by which we are Justified no other Righteousness but his which is perfect being pleadable at God's Bar. 4. We say That Justification of a Sinner is the acceptance of his Person or the pronouncing him Just and Righteous in God's Sight through the Imputation of the Righteousness of Christ whereby he hath a full Right and Title to Eternal Life They say That Justification is nothing else but the pardon of Sin i. e. the not executing the Punishment of Sin due by the Law of Works and an acceptance of a Man so long as he performeth the New Condition of Sincere Obedience For the Lord's sake and for your Souls sake beware of those Men and their new and strange Doctrine for it appears Salvation must be a Debt and not wholly of Grace if what they say were true because it is granted upon our fulfilling of the Conditions required which are indeed not light but weighty and difficult Conditions as Faith Regeneration and Perseverance even Mr. Dan. William's Baptismal Covenant which all they who do not fulfil it he says shall be damned the Violating of that Covenant being as he affirms the Damning Sin And this so far as I can see is that which is their Covenant of Grace not that Christ ingaged for us to the Father to do all for us and in us in the Covenant of Redemption even to reconcile God to us and us to God no but that that was a distinct Covenant from the Covenant of Grace which was to make way for us to enter into a Conditional Covenant of Grace i. e. of Faith Good Works or Gospel-Obedience Which Error and Mistake I purpose God willing to refute before I leave my Text and prove the Covenant of Peace is but one intire Covenant with that of Redemption Comfort and Consolation if my Brethren it is as you have heard that Jesus Christ as a Mediator is equally interested in both Parties then what Comfort is here for Believers 1. We have no ground to suspect him of partiality he will not fail us because he is so dearly and nearly related to us and also considering what he hath done and suffered for us And for their sakes I sanctifie my self that they also might be sanctified through the Truth 2. Consider his Ability not only to reconcile us to God but to continue us in that reconciled State we may depend upon his Power For I know whom I have believed and I am perswaded that he is able to keep that which I have committed unto him against that Day 3. Considering his Love and Faithfulness towards us in the Exercise of his Work and Office Faithful is he that calleth you and also he will do it 4. With what boldness also may we come to God by him Seeing we have such a great High-Priest that is passed into the Heavens Jesus the Son of God Having therefore Brethren boldness to enter into the Holiest by the Blood of Jesus This I say may encourage us to make our humble Supplications to God with boldness since we have such a Mediator between God and us the Man Christ Jesus SERMON IV. Wherein the Suretiship of Christ is opened ISA. Liv. x. Neither shall the Covenant of my Peace be removed saith the Lord that hath mercy on thee Doct. THAT there is a Covenant made or agreed on and stands firm in the behalf of all God's Elect. I am my Brethren a speaking concerning those Transactions betwixt God the Father and God the Son before the World began about the bringing in and establishing of the Covenant of our Peace in which Transactions I have shewed you the Son of God was chosen Mediator considered as God-man and as to that Office of his we have spoken distinctly but as he is Mediator so you have heard he is Surety of the Covenant of Peace and so more than a meer or simple Mediator And since the Covenant of Peace so much dependeth upon the Suretiship of Christ I shall here I. Shew what Surety doth import or open this Relation II. Shew why Christ came under this Relation III. Shew what Christ was to do and we were to receive as Christ's our Surety IV. Shew how his Suretiship differs from Suretiship among Men. V. Apply it 1. A Surety is one that undertakes for others wherein they are defective really or in Reputation in Latin Sponsor fide jussor a Surety is one that engages to make Satisfaction for one or more or ingageth for others Thus Ruben became Surety to his Father Jacob Gen. 43.9 to bring Benjamin again and Paul for Onesimus Philem. 18 19. If he hath wronged thee or oweth thee ought put that on mine Account I Paul have written it with my own Hand I will pay it In this Sense we take Christ to be a Surety 1. It signifies likewise to give a Pledge Isa. 36.8 2 Kings 18.23.3 2. Also to strike Hands Prov. 22.26 Thus Christ is our Surety i. e. he struck Hands with God for us in this Covenant I say a Surety is one that undertakes for one or more Persons whose Credit is gone or is not good one not to be
and Teacher of the Church No Man knoweth the Son but the Father neither knoweth any Man the Father but the Son and he to whomsoever the Son will revâ—al him No Man knoweth the Essence of the Father or hath a perfect knowledge of the Godhead nor do they know the Councils Purposes and Dispensations of the Father of his saving of Men by Jesus Christ except Jesus Christ reveals these Mysteries to them all true and saving knowledge of God is in and through Christ as a Prophet But as Christ doth not Atone for our Sins as a King but as a Priest so he doth not give forth Laws c. as a Priest but as a King nor doth he teach instruct or reveal God and Salvation to us simply as a Priest or King but as a Prophet besides there are some things about the Covenant of Peace which he doth not simply as a King Priest nor Prophet but as simply consider'd a Mediator Surety and Testator c. I would therefore desire Mr. Sam. Clark for all his Confidence to consider of his great mistake in his late Treaty doth it follow should it be granted because Christ's Active Obedience doth not properly belong neither to his Kingly his Priestty nor to his Prophetical Office that therefore his Active Obedience to God's Law or Active Righteousness is no part of the matter of our Justification before God for may not some things be done by Christ as Mediator or as Surety or Testator that doth not properly relate to either of his other three Offices for evident it is that the whole of Christ's Work in this Covenant of Peace doth not strictly belong to these threefold Offices therefore the Scripture gives an account of other Offices besides these which he exerciseth But I will proceed a little further to open the Offices of Christ in the Covenant of Peace And I. Of the Necessity of his exercising of these Offices as Mediator 1. Of his Priestly Office it was absolutely necessary that he should be a Priest and that in our Nature because he was to answer the Types under the Law the Priests of the Law that were ceremonially Sanctified and were to Sanctifie others were of the same Nature with the People And since they offered Sacrifices up to God it also behoved him to offer up the Antitypical Real and Wrath-appeasing Sacrifice And 2. Forasmuch that we were Slaves and Captives of Sin and Satan being in Chains and Fetters by such Enemies that none could redeem us out of their Hands but one cloathed with Almighty and Infinite Power It behoved Jesus Christ to be a King who is invested with God-like Power and Authority upon this Account And since it was the Father's good Pleasure to exalt and magnifie him with the sole Government of the World and of the Church it was necessary he should be Constituted and Invested with Kingly Authority likewise 3. And since we were ignorant of God and under deep alienation from God Having the Vnderstanding darkened being alienated from the Life of God through the ignorance in them because of the blindness of their Hearts It behoved Jesus Christ to be a Prophet yea such a Prophet that can not only teach the Knowing and Understanding Heart but can give Knowledge to the Heart which is without Understanding and seeing we were blind and ignorant of the way of Salvation it behoved him that was to make our Peace to bring us to the knowledge of that Peace and Reconciliation he hath made Moreover we were dead therefore he must quicken us we were Enemies therefore he must reconcile us to God as well as God to us we were Impotent and could not come to the Father therefore he as a Kingly-Prophet must draw us the Father draws us by Jesus Christ to himself also we were in Debt and Divine Justice will be satisfied and will not abate us one Farthing therefore Christ must be our Surety to engage and also actually pay all our Debts in respect of the Preceptory and Penal parts thereof for we owed Perfect Obedience unto God as well as Punishment Also he was to confirm the Covenant of Peace by his Blood and make his Last Will and Testament and bequeath many Legacies to all the Legatees therefore it was necessary that he should be a Testator yea the Testator of the New Testament or Covenant Furthermore we were Sick therefore it behoved him to be appointed our Physician we were as Sheep gone astray therefore he is our Shepherd II. As to the End and Excellencies of Christ's Offices I have lately opened them in a late Treatise upon Jacob's Ladder to which I shall direct you but know this the whole design and purport of all his Offices are that he might effectually be impowered with all things necessary in respect had to the Glory and Honour of God and for our good and to give us interest in all the Blessings of the Covenant of Peace Objection 'T is objected That Christ did not suffer for Sinners as a common Person Head and Representative of all the Elect or their Surety but did all meerly as a Mediator or as one indeavouring to compose the Difference betwixt God and Sinners 1 Answ. I answer Sad it is to see how in these Perilous Days Men are degenerated from the Apostolick Doctrine in this most important case and oppose all our Authoâ—â— Protestant Writers and deny Christ to be a Common Person Head Representative and Surety c. but that he as Mediator hath by his Death merited a new and mild Law of Grace i. e. of Faith and Sincere Obedience and hath made a Compensation to the Justice of God and Law of Works and so removed the Law of perfect Obedience or abolished it for ever so that now God deals with us not according to the strict Law of perfect Obedience but according to this New Law i. e. on easier Conditions viz. such that believe and sincerely obey shall be Justified even so far as they do Obey and are Sanctified not that Christ's Obedience to the Law or that his Active and Passive Obedience imputed to us and our trusting in him according to the Free Promise of God is the immediate and sole cause of Pardon by virtue of Christ's Satisfaction but that tho Christ hath made God a means for Legal Righteousness having satisfied that Law and took it away yet our Obedience to this New Law according to these Men is our Evangelical Righteousness whereby we fulfil the Gospel and that our Obedience is the Condition of our Justification before God Thus Mr. Baxter Mr. Williams Mr. Clark of Wickham and many others And thus is Popery revived amongst us and Justification by Works asserted by these Law and Work-mongers for I cannot call them Gospel-Ministe-s true they affirm that Christ died for our good but not in our stead the Doctrine we maintain is that he died for our good But how for our good Even so that he
with the Strong because he poured out his Soul unto Death All Power is given to me in Heaven and Earth He shall strike through Kings in the Day of his Wrath. But we see Jesus who was made a little lower than the Angels for the suffering of Death Crowned with Glory and Honour And he shall bring all his to Glory too For it became him for whom are all things and by whom are all things in bringing many Sons to Glory to make the Captain of their Salvation perfect through Sufferings As this was promised by the Father to him and to us in him so he as our Surety engaged to bring it to pass or to make it good unto us Object If Jesus Christ entered into Bonds for us and that by virtue of the Sanction of the Law of Works was obliged as our Surety to suffer for our Sins doth it not follow that he was Surety of the Covenant of Works And how then is it said He was Surety of a better Covenant 1 Answ. Tho Christ was obliged as our Surety to fulfil the Covenant of Works or of perfect Obedience yet he was not Surety of the Covenant of Works because he did not undertake that we should perfectly keep the Law in our own Persons which he must have done had he been Surety of the Law of Works but that he would keep that Law for us and therefore it was another and better Covenant 2. The Covenant of Works was made betwixt God and Man without a Surety the Covenant of Grace is made betwixt God the Father and Jesus Christ as our Surety for us therefore another and better Covenant These Men plead for a Covenant of Grace made betwixt God and us distinct from the Covenant of Redemption in which Christ as our Surety engaged that we shall keep the New Law of Faith and sincere Obedience Christ having abolished the Law of perfect Obedience and merited this mild Law c. 1 Answ. Tho the Law as a Covenant of Works Do this and Live is taken away yet as a Law or Rule of perfect Obedience it remains for ever As the Reverend Mr. Cross hath fully proved 2. As to their New Law it brings in Justification by Works and such Works too that are attended with Sin or Imperfections and therefore their Doctrine is to be abhorred See Mr. Clark's New Book but more of this hereafter IV. I shall shew that Christ's Suretiship greatly differs from Suretiship among Men. 1. A Surety among Men is not of the Creditor's but of the Debtor's procurement But the Surety of the Covenant of Peace was of God's procurement who is Man's Creditor or rather offended Creator God as an Act of Infinite Wisdom Love and Mercy found him I have found a Ransom Moreover the Father Chose him Called him and Anointed him to be the Mediator and Surety of this Covenant as hath been fully proved Therefore it doth not follow that so soon as our Surety struck Hands or just when he laid down the Price all God's Elect must actually be acquited For should a Creditor find a Surety for the Debtor all must confess it is in his choice how and when the Debtor should be actually acquited Moreover 't is evident that we had no actual Existence when Christ struck Hands for us besides it was for such that he foresaw would fall under Sin Wrath and Condemnation and Christ did not become a Surety to keep the Elect from falling under Wrath and the Sentence of Death but to recover them out of that State Justification presupposeth we were once Charged and Condemned 2. A Surety and Debtor among Men both enter into the same Bond and the Debtor is look'd upon the principal Bondsman But Christ's single Bond in this Covenant is accepted for all here is a Change of Persons God leaves out our Names and puts in Christ's Name that the Debt Satisfaction and Curse might fall upon him alone See Dr. Goodwin He was made Sin for us Christ hath redeemed us from the Curse of the Law being made a Curse for us he was wounded for our Transgressions And now Jesus Christ here by puting his Name unto this Bond is become the principal Debtor and is wholly obliged to pay and satisfie for all the Sins of God's Elect his Suretiship hath swallowed up the offending Debtors Obligation to satisfie Law and Justice Object Doth it not then follow we need not be concerned to keep or fulfil the Law Answ. We are not to be concerned to keep the Law to that end Christ kept it i. e. not to be Justified by it for so it is removed but the Moral Law as a perfect Rule of Righteousness obligeth us to perpetual Obedience it being so unchangable a Law 3. Among Men when the Surety makes a full satisfaction for Debtors the said Debtors cannot be said to receive their Release or Discharge as an Act of Grace and Favour but as an Act of Justice only But Jesus Christ in the Covenant of Peace makes full Satisfaction for us and yet we receive our Release and Discharge as an Act of Grace and Favour alone 1. In that God and not we found the Surety which was an Act of his own Sovereign Grace he being wholly at Liberty whether he would save Man or not So that our Discharge through the Satisfaction of Christ must needs primarily and originally flow out of pure Grace Favour Love and Pity of God to us Had Man found the Surety it had been otherwise 2. Because the Surety being the only begotten Son of God it is a farther Demonstration of Infinite Love and Favour to us in that God should substitute him in our stead and dispence with the rigorous Action of Satisfaction from us and take it from our Surety as put in our Law-place 3. Because God that he might work about our Discharge in a way of Grace and Mercy to the Honour of his Justice c. made his own Son a Sacrifice for our Sins 4. Because that Interest we have in that Redemption Pardon Peace and Reconciliation by Christ's Undertakings is freely bestowed on us as an Act of God's Sovereign Grace and Goodness for as Christ purchased all Grace for us so as an Act of God's Favour and Christ's Purchase and Merits he gives us the Spirit and Faith in order to our actual Interest in all Covenant Blessings so that altho it all is in a way of Justice as to Christ yet it is all in a way of Mercy and Free-Grace as to us 5. In that God accepted of Christ as a Surety for us who deserved no Pity we having wilfully forefeited our vast Inheritance and were become his Vile Enemies and rebels against him 6. Because Christ became our Surety from whom he could expect no after Recompence or Satisfaction for that vast Sum he laid down for us he never expected any Recompence from us for the Debt paid 7. Because we are not only pardoned and have
the Lord that hath mercy on thee I AM upon the Second General Head first proposed to be opened viz. to clear up the main Covenant Transactions about the bringing in and Establishment of the Covenant of Peace 1. I have passed through those Eight Explanatory Propositions 2. The Second I have been some time upon i. e. the Covenant Transactions I. I shewed you there was a treating about it between the Father and the Son as our Head and Representative before the World began II. That the Terms of our Peace were then by them both agreed on and that Jesus Christ was chosen Mediator and Surety of the Covenant III. That this Covenant is confirmed IV. And that it is Proclaimed Here I told you that I should do four Things 1. Shew you what the Proclamation is this we did the last Day 2. Shew you who are the Ambassadors of Peace 3. Open the Nature of the Proclamation 4 Shew you upon what Terms Peace is offered or proclaimed To proceed Secondly My Business is to shew you now who they are that God hath appointed impowered or authorized to be the Ambassadors of his Peace I. The Great and Chief Ambassador of this Peace is the Lord Jesus Christ and from hence he is called the Messenger of the Covenant The Lord whom ye seek shall suddenly come to his Temple even the Messenger of the Covenant All Expositors agree that this is meant of Christ yea as one observes both Christian and Jewish Interpreters and the same Author also shews from the Hebrew that a Messenger signifies an Ambassador 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Messengers i. e. Ambassadors of Peace My Brethren I shewed you that Jesus Christ considered as Mediator was our great Plenipotentiary representing us and treating with God for us in that Council of Peace held betwixt them both 1. He was authorized and approved of by the Father to Treat about it and Conclude the Peace upon such Terms that the Father proposed to him on our behalf As thou hast given him power over all Flesh that he should give Eternal Life to as many as thou hast given him I was set up from Everlasting c. 2. He only was able to make our Peace not only capable to treat about it but as the Grand Ambassador to answer all the Just Demands of the Holy and abused Majesty of Heaven in order finally to conclude it 3. He was sent from Heaven to Earth actually to do this and from thence as I conceive he bears the Name or Title of Messenger or Ambassador My Brethren Christ as Mediator was sent by the Father The Father that sent me is with me God so loved the World that he sent his only Begotten Son 4. He was the first that Published or Preached the Gospel of Peace Which at first began to be spoken by the Lord c. First As to the full and clear Promulgation of it some conceive this may refer to his publishing of it to our first Parents after the Fall yet I rather conclude it refers to his Ministry in his own Person whose Doctrine was confirmed with Signs and Wonders The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me because the Lord hath appointed me to Preach good Tidings unto the Meek Moreover he is called A Minister of the Sanctuary and of the true Tabernacle which the Lord pitched and not Man This Work refers to his Prophetical Office 5. He only knows the Counsel of God or the whole Covenant Transactions between the Father and himself and therefore could best reveal them or make them known to us nor can we know or understand the Mysteries of God the Mysteries of the Covenant and Gospel but by this Interpreter Who is one among a Thousand Neither knoweth any Man the Father save the Son and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him He only is the Ambassador that can make the People to hear and understand I have given them the Words that thou gavest me He hath the Tongue of the Learned he was God's Great Ambassador whilst he was on Earth to make known the Joyful News of Peace and Reconciliation purchased by his own Blood and that gives Success to his Servants whom he employs 6. Without the Exercise of this his Office as a Prophet Minister or Ambassador he could not perfect his Work as Mediator for it is hereby he reconciles us to God by speaking to our Hearts by enlightening our Understandings bowing our Wills and renovating our Souls Moreover all other Ambassadors labour in vain if he works not labours not with them 7. He hath all the excellent Properties of a Messenger or of an Ambassador of Peace 1. A regular Call or Authority this he received from the Father 2. Wisdom He excels in Wisdom and Knowledge he is the Wisdom of God and in him is hid all the Treasures of Wisdom and Knowledge never Man-spake like him 3. Faithfulness He was Faithful to him that appointed him as also was Moses and as Faithful to us witness his Death and also his continual Intercession now in Heaven 4. Lowly and of a Condescending Spirit How did he abase himself to become God's Servant that is his own Eternal Son nay our Servant he came to serve us and was as one that served while here on Earth 5. Active and Diligent It is my Meat and Drink to do the Will of him that sent me 6. Swift and Speedy How much Work did he do in three Years and a half For Swiftness he is compared to an Hart or young Roe But no more as to this II. Jesus Christ hath substituted ordained or appointed others under him for him and in his stead to be his Ambassadors of this Peace Quest. Who are they 1 Answ. Negatively they are not the Holy Angels tho it is true the Angels brought the Good News of his Arrival or first coming into the World and also proclaimed Glory to God on high on Earth Peace Good Will to Men Yet these he hath not appointed to be his Ambassadors of Peace No no they are Men or Gospel-Ministers 2. Yet Negatively they are not all which are called Gospel-Ministers 1. Some are Legal Ministers Preachers of a Law who know not what they say nor what they affirm yet not Preachers only of Moses Law but of a New Law turning the Gospel or Free Promise of God and Eternal Life to such that believe in Jesus into a Law of Imperfect Faith and Sincere Obedience as the Matter and Condition of Justification before God and indeed they seem to violate the Perfect Law of God as if that was abolished and a new Law or Rule of Obedience procured by Christ's Merits in its room 2. Not such that only Preach Good Manners or Morality tho Christ's Ministers Preach this yet to Preach this is not to Preach Christ and Peace to lost Sinners neither is this the great Doctrine contained in their
Reverend Author hath Asserted in this case That Scripture Isa 53.10 11 12. Is saith he a place wherein this Covenant is clearly described between the Father and the Son and it holds forth the Covenant of Grace fully clearly yea the promise of all Grace and Benefits that are contained in the said Covenant of Grace And the Apostle tells us expresly that this Covenant agreement was the Will by which Will we are Sanctified thro the Offering the Body of Jesus once for all He further argues 2. That Covenant that contains in it the whole matter and form in Conditions and Promises of the Covenant of Grace doth not Essentially differ from it but the Covenant of Redemption doth contain in it the Conditions and Promises of Grace yea all things that pertain to Life and Godliness And it contains in it all conditions upon which we may be partakers of any Promimises i. e. Christ's Person Offices Sacrifice Righteousness active and passive there 's no Covenant condition of Atonement Propitiation or Satisfaction unto the Justice of God But it is here Christ is the great fulfiller of the Law and satisfier of it and he is the end of the Law for righteousness to every one that believeth 3. From the vailed dispensation of the Covenant of Grace saith he before the coming of Christ their Sacrifices and Ceremonial Administration held forth in a Figure that it was made with Christ and confirmed in him as the great Offering and Atonement Christ is there exemplified and set forth as the fulness of the Covenant of Grace both in respect of Promises and Conditions 4. When we plead saith he for any thing of the Covenant of Grace it is the Promises of Life made to us in Christ as Yea and Amen and to us in him in respect of obtaining and performing to us 5. Our Justifying acts of Faith is fixed on Christ as the Sum of the Covenant of Grace as satisfying for our Sins and as to whom the Promises were made and the great things promised as the Fountain and Meritorious cause of all Blessings He is given to us as the Covenant 6 There is saith he all Grace to be had in this Covenant Frustra sit per plura quod fieri potest per pauciora There is no Grace but is given forth and received by us by the Covenant between the Father and the Son the gift of the Spirit the Grace of Faith Justification by his Blood by him came all Grace yea all other supposed Grace that came not from the Father and through Christ is no Grace and will not profit us 7. Where the Covenanters Conditions and Promises are all from Free Grace and Love to us there 's a Covenant of Grace but in that Covenant they call a distinct Covenant of Redemption the Covenanters the Conditions and Promises are all of Free grace and Love to us God the Father from his Free grace and Love to us called his Son to this Undertaking and Covenanting with him God the Son in our Persons or in our behalf from his Love and Free grace Covenanted with the Father he came and freely offered himself to perform the Covenant Conditions the condition of this Covenant in all mediatorial perfections and performances is freely promised and bestowed upon us the promise of Eternal life All Grace and Glory are promised and given in this Covenant that is a Covenant of Grace wherein God is to us a God of all Grace 8. If the Covenant of Redemption be not the Covenant of Grace then there is more Covenants than the Covenant of Works and the Covenant of Grace for Life and Salvation but there is no more Covenants for Life and Salvation but that of Works and that of Grace the Minor I think hardly any will deny If Church Covenants be alledged they add nothing to this Grand Covenant but are the accomplishments of the promises thereof to whom it doth belong it being promised that they shall be Gods People in this Covenant Christ stipulates and we in him as we did in the first Adam then And when we stipulate being moved thereunto from the grace of the Promise and enter personally into this Covenant embracing that Covenant which was made for us in Christ 't is called a laying hold of it it is solemnly also own'd professed and restipulated to when we enter into Church Fellowship the repeating and restipulating and renewings of the same Covenant may be without changing the Covenant For we find God often repeating this Covenant and renewing it with his people in Revelation and Establishment as with Adam Noah Abraham Isaac and Jacob c. yet it was was the same Covenant So are Gods Children excited and encouraged thereunto from the Free-grace of the said Covenant Thus this Author 1. Now let me add one or two arguments more to what this worthy Author hath said viz. If the Covenant of Redemption be not the Covenant of Grace or Covenant of Peace and Reconciliation which God calls his Covenant The Covenant of my Peace shall not be removed saith the Lord Then it will follow that our Peace is made with God or God is reconciled to us by a Covenant of Grace which we enter into with him which Covenant Christ Merited for us in his performing the Covenant of Redemption and if it be so how is it Paul saith God was in Christ reconciling the world to himself Indeed as far as I can see this notion of two distinct Covenants of Redemption and of Grace seems to be defended of late on purpose to favour the grand Errors of our new Methodists viz. In the Covenant of Redemption say they Christ made God amends for our breach of the Law of perfect obedience by himself alone and for himself only that so he might be a fit Mediator and Merit a new Law of Faith and sincere Obedience for their Covenant of Grace is a Law of Obedience which Law or Covenant he Confirmed by his Death So that now God say they enters into a Covenant with mankind and if they perform the Conditions of it or so far as they do so far they shall be justifyed and shall have Eternal life provided they continue unto the end and thus as before I have hinted Christ is our legal righteousness in the Covenant of Redemption he fulfiled the Law of Works or the strict Law of perfect Obedience by giving God a satisfying recompence And so he hath abolished the Law of perfect obedience but our Faith Inherent-righteousness Gospel-holiness and Sincere obedience is our Evangelical Righteousness or that which justifies us at Gods Bar or in his sight Now this dangerous Error I say seems to follow the allowing of two distinct Covenants 2. There is no distinction between the Covenant of Redemption and the Covenant of Grace because Redemption presupposeth Peace and Reconciliation and not only Gods Reconciliation to us but our reconciliation to him for Redemption is not from the Curse of the Law
Divine Wrath brought him down to the Earth 3. Christ our Mediator must be God otherwise his Suffering or the purchase of his Blood could not have merited all that Grace and Glory for all God's Elect which indeed it did Brethren there is a difference between a full Satisfaction or Payment of Debts and a Price that is laid down not only to do that but also to merit and purchase a Right to great Riches high Priviledges and Honour Now if Christ had only paid our Debts or satisfied the Justice of God as to his vindictive Vengeance tho we thereby had been delivered from Hell yet that Payment could not have raised us up to Heaven no it is through the Merits of that Infinite Price Christ laid down that we come to be the Sons of God and Heirs of Glory and all this is through the Dignity of his Person and infinite Value and Worth of his Purchase as being God and also as it was the Grant of God the Father to Christ in the Covenant of Peace as the result of those Transactions 4. He must be God because otherwise he could not have subdued and overcome all his and our Enemies What meer Man is able to wrestle with and overcome Satan and all the Powers of Darkness Or how could he have prevailed against Death Overcome and have subdued Death I will ransom them from the Power of the Grave I will redeem them from Death O Death I will be thy Plague O Grave I will be thy Destruction And hence Christ says Destroy this Temple awd in three Days I will raise it up again This he could not have done except he had been the Eternal God Now this is sometimes attributed to the whole Trinity sometimes to the Father sometimes to the Holy Ghost so it is sometimes attributed to Jesus Christ which shews that the three Persons are all but one and the same God 5. He must be God in respect of his Work as Mediator in reference to Man for he was obliged to quicken all God's Elect who in the first Adam were dead in Sins and Trespasses and raise them from that Spiritual Death and overcome the Power of Sin and Satan in them as well as for them This brings me to the next Thing II. Jesus Christ also as Mediator of Peace must be Man 1. He must be Man because he must work out a Righteousness in the same Nature that had sined Man was obliged to keep the Law perfectly and this must be done by Man if ever he be Justified with God for God will in no wise clear the Guilty True this is not required in the Covenant of Peace to be done in the Person of every elect Sinner ' but in the Person of Christ who is the Representative of every one of them For as we were all made Sinners by one Man as the Head and Representative of all his Seed so we became Righteous by the compleat and perfect Obedience of one Man as the Head and Representative of all his Seed for as the Law being broken by one Man is imputed to all his Seed so the Law being compleatly kept by one Man Jesus Christ is imputed to all his Seed For as by one Man's Disobedience many were made Sinners so by the Obedience of one shall many be made Righteous Moreover Justice required that the same Nature that broke the Law should keep the Law tho room for a Substitute or Surety was reserved in the Wisdom and Council of God 2. Christ must be Man because he must die now God as God I mean the Godhead could not die Man must die to satisfie offended Justice for the Breach of the Law therefore Christ must be Man and die And by Vertue of the Union of the Divine Nature with the Humane Nature in his Person the Death of Christ was a full Satisfaction to the Justice of God 3. He must be one with us or else how could his Obedience be imputed to us For as our Sins was imputed to him so his Righteousness is imputed to us 4. He must be Man that he might be a Merciful High-Priest being touched with the feeling of our Infirmity he must have access to both he was to deal with God for Man and for God with Man Jesus Christ ought to be of the same Stock with those he Redeemed or Sanctified to God 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of one Stock of one Blood saith a worthy Author That by the Law of Propinquity of Blood he might have right to redeem us Goel the next of Kin had an Obligation upon him to redeem his Brother's Land if Mortgaged If thy Brother be waxen poor and hath sold away some of his Possession and if any of his Kin come to redeem it then shall he redeem that which his Brother sold. So of Persons If sold after he is sold he may be redeemed again one of his Brethren may redeem him So Christ is called Goel Job 19.25 For I know that my Redeemer liveth Christ is our Kinsman not only true Man but the Son of Man true Man he might have been if God had created him out of nothing or he had brought his Substance from Heaven but he is the Son of Man descended from the Loins of Adam as we are and so doth redeem us not only Jure proprietatis by virtue of his Interest as our Creator but Jure propinquitatis by virtue of Kindred as one of the same Stock and Lineage as the Son of David as well as the Son of God for Christ Jesus of all the Kindred was the only one that was free and able to pay a Ransome for us 5. He must be Man as the said Author notes That we might find a Fountain of Holiness in our Nature God hath poured out upon his Humane Nature such a measure of Holiness that he might be a common Fountain to all the Elect of his Fullness have all we received and Grace for Grace Christ as God-man is the Fountain from whence we receive all Grace 6. To give us a Pledge of that Tenderness of his Love and Compassion towards us for he that is our Kinsman Bone of our Bone and Flesh of our Flesh will not be strange to his own Flesh especially since he is one that is so not by necessity of Nature but by voluntary Choice and Assumption we could not have such familiar and confident recourse to an Angel or to one of another or different Nature from ours this made Laban tho otherwise a churlish Man kind to Jacob Surely thou art my Bone and my Flesh. III. Christ must be God and Man if he be a fit Mediator betwixt God and Man i.e. he must take our Nature into Union with his Godhead and that 1. That we might mystically be united to God or draw near to God and so be raised up into a glorious and happy State for the Spring or Foundation of our Happiness riseth from the
through the Eternal Spirit offered himself without Spot to God purge your Consciences from dead Works to serve the Living God And in Heaven also he eminently intercedes for us Seeing he ever liveth to make Intercession for them and that his Atonement might be efficacious to us He now appears in the Presence of God for us therefore it is said That We are come to Jesus the Mediator of the New Covenant and to the Blood of sprinkling that speaketh bitter things than the Blood of Abel Come to Jesus c. that is to a clearer knowledge of his Work and Office Sirs all Christ's Satisfaction and Priesthood would be ineffectual for our good if he did not continue in the exercise of it in Heaven by his Intercession for it is by virtue of his Intercession that all his Merits are applied to us for if when we were Enemies we were reconciled to God by the Death of his Son or God was reconciled to us for it is that which the Holy Ghost intends much more being reconcil'd we shall be saved by his Life the design of this Office therefore was to make our Peace or our Reconciliation to God by a Price paid and to apply that Atonement that it might be effectual and continued unto us for ever Christ doth not reconcile God to us as a King but as a Priest and it is not done by what he works in us but by what he hath done for us II. As Christ is a Priest so also he is a King He is I say invested with Kingly Authority as he is Mediator Yet have I set my King upon my Holy Hill of Sion His Kingdom as one observes is not Regnum naturale which he hath as God co-essential with the Father but Regnum Oeconomicum which he hath by Donation and Vnction from his Father it is given to him as Mediator Moreover his Power as King is very great He is King of Kings and Lord of Lords the only Potentate 1. King over Sin which as a Tyrant hath long Reigned 2. King over Devils and all the Powers of Darkness 3. King over Death that King of Terrors the Keys of Hell and Death are given to him 4. King of Saints he being the Universal Head of the Church and King of Nations 5. Nay he hath Kingly Power and Headship over the Holy Angels He is the Head of Principalities and Powers yea his Power is over all Creatures God hath put all things under his Feet His Kingship and Authority is therefore Universall All Power is given to me in Heaven and Earth And hence There is nothing which he as Mediator God-man cannot do Now the Work of Christ as King 1. Is to subdue all our Enemies for us which indeed he hath effectually already done Sin the World Devils and Death being all brought under his Feet 2. To give us Laws Statutes and Ordinances for as he is Mediator he is our Law-giver but he doth not give us Laws that by our Obedience to them our Peace should be made and we be Justified In this Sense Christ is no Law-giver no to make our Peace that appertains partly to his Priestly Office as I have shewed you before and partly to his Suretiship for so he paid both our Debt of perfect Obedience and our Penal Debt also and merited all Grace and Glory for us for tho Christ is a Priest yet he is more than a Priest viz a Surety also but he gives us Laws as we are his Free-born Subjects whom he Redeemed by his Blood that we might know how to Honour and Live under him that died for us and rose again 3. His Work as King is to govern his Church and every Member thereof moreover his Laws in the New Testament do contain all those Rules for the Constitution of a Gospel-Church and also all the Rules of the Government and Discipline thereof 4. Christ's Work and Office as King is to subdue all the Elect unto himself I mean to work Grace in them and to change their Hearts and vanquish the Power of Sin and Satan for this is and must be done by that Almighty Power which he exerts by his Spirit in their Souls and so takes possession of them as King and Supream Ruler whom as a Priest he purchased by his Blood and all this as he is Mediator of this Covenant of Peace That Christ may dwell in our Hearts by Faith or sway the Scepter there 5. Moreover Christ as King will exercise his Kingly Office in taking to him his great Authority and Regal Power and Reign over all the Earth For his Right is Ask of me and I will give thee the Heathen for thy Inheritance and the uttermost parts of the Earth for thy Possession Thou shalt break them in pieces like a Potters Vessel The Kingdoms of this World are become the Kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ and he shall Reign for ever and ever And of the increase of his Government there shall be no end upon the Throne of David and upon his Kingdom to order it and to establish it with Justice and with Judgment from henceforth and for ever All the Kingdoms under the whole Heavens shall be given unto him And he shall possess the Gates of his Enemies This will be made good more fully and visibly upon the going off of the Fourth-Monarchy and upon the passing away of the second Woe or Mahomitan Power and downfal of the Beast and Mystery Babylon which is now at the very Door when Christ will save his Church from all her Enemies III. Christ as Mediator is a Prophet A Prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your Brethren like unto me He as Prophet is the Minister of the New Covenant or the chief and great Ambassador of Peace the chief Shepherd of the Sheep and Bishop of our Souls His Work as a Prophet 1. Is to reveal the Will Purpose Counsel and Design of God unto his Chosen and this he did in the Days of his Flesh in his own and in his Apostles Ministration revealing That My-Mystery that was hid from Ages and Generations He was indeed a Teacher that came from God as Nichodemus saith My Doctrine saith he is not mine but the Father 's that sent me For I have not spoken of my self but the Father which sent me gave me Commandment what I should say and what I should speak denoting that he received his Mission his Doctrine and his Authority to Preach from the Father as he is Mediator As a Prophet he gives the knowledge of Salvation to his People for without his Divine Revelation Mankind could not arrive to the knowledge of it for the Light that is in Man naturally reveals nothing of the Mystery of Redemption of the Covenant of Peace and Mediation of Jesus Christ. 2. Nor can any savingly know this but as Christ reveals it by his Spirit as the great Prophet
Faith and Perseverance compare this with Rom. 8.32 My Brethren 't is the same All or World that Christ promised that he would draw to him and that he takes away the Sin of Moreover if he had reconciled the whole World to God he would have prayed for the whole World but that he saith he did not yet he prayed for all he died for III. Because the Gospel discovers the Meritorious Cause or Foundation of our Reconciliation viz. the Death of Christ this was that Sacrifice that turned away God's Anger and Vindictive Wrath and Vengeance He saw the Travel of his Soul and was satisfied IV. Because the Gospel contains mutual Reconciliation not only an account of God's Reconciliation to us but also our Reconciliation to him which is through the receiving the Atonement God is reconciled in Christ by his Wrath-appeasing Sacrifice but the Gospel shews that Sinners are not actually reconciled to God until they are by the Spirit united to Christ and believe in him having that Natural Enmity removed that is in their Hearts against God V. The Gospel is the instrumental means through the Spirits Operations of the Sinner's Reconciliation to God We pray you in Christ's stead be ye reconciled to God It is called the Power of God to Salvation because therein the Righteousness of God is revealed Vers. 17. It is my Brethren an Instrument of his Power or a powerful means ordained of God to this purpose it having an excellent and efficacious Influence attending it through the Spirit where it is proclaimed and received My Brethren Faith Regeneration Convertion or Holiness do not reconcile us to God no no nothing doth that but the Blood of Christ. And this I might make appear 1. Because our Reconciliation on God's part is by the Death of Christ For when we were Enemies we were reconciled to God by the Death of his Son Hence we are said to be Justified by his Blood that is Meritoriously yet Materially it is by his Active as well as his Passive Obedience 2. Because our Reconciliation on God's part I mean his being Reconciled to us is antecedent to Faith Regeneration c. your Faith doth not make your Peace tho it be an Instrument by which you receive that Atonement that Christ hath made 3. Faith c. is an effect of our Reconciliation that we may be actually acquitted and saved from Sin and Wrath in our own Persons and have it evidenced to our own Consciences it is our receiving that of Christ which he received for us upon his Discharge as our Head and Surety Much more being now Justified by his Blood we shall be saved through him Therefore Christs Blood must be the appeasing Sacrifice that delivers us from the Wrath we lay under 4. Nay my Brethren Justification is the Effects of Reconciliation for had not Christ satisfied Divine Justice for us we had not been pronounced Just or Righteous in him the Prisoner is acquited as the Effects of the Payment of his Debts his believing his Debts are paid and the Law and justice satisfied doth not pay his Debts tho a Sinner is not in his own Person actually discharged until he doth believe or leastwise in his own Conscience True Jesus Christ as Mediator doth both these i. e. he pays our Debts and knocks off our Chains he makes the Atonement and sprinkles the Blood upon our Consciences by his Spirit if Reconciliation was the bending of our Hearts to God to believe in him and love him why should Faith and Sanctification be laid down as the End and Effect of this Reconciliation Yet now hath he reconciled in the Body of his Flesh through Death to present you Holy and Vnreprovable in his Sight VI. A Proclamation discovers or reveals who they are that shall receive the Blessings of that Peace which is made and upon what Terms So my Brethren the Gospel makes known who they are that are comprehended in that Peace our Lord Jesus Christ had made viz. all that God hath Elected or Chosen in Him or all his Seed or all that the Father hath given to him or if you please all that do believe in him and also it shews upon what Terms viz. wholly of meer Grace and Favour By Grace ye are saved through Faith and that not of your selves it is the Gift of God not of Works least any Man should boast not by any Act of the Creature not by his Faith and sincere Obedienceâ— nor by Works of Righteousness that we have done either in Obedience to Law or Gospel See Rom. 11.6 the Terms are without Money and without Price VII Some Proclamations proclaim Peace so my Brethren the Gospel Proclaims our Peace with God Peace Peace to them that are afar off and to them that are nigh It proclaims Liberty to the Captives c. Hence our Lord saith to his Disciples That which ye have spoken in the Ear shall be proclaimed on the House Top And came and preached Peace or proclaimed Peace to you which were afar off and to them that are nigh And hence the Gospel also comes so to be called for what is Gospel but glad Tydings good News Peace on Earth good Will to Men It is called the Joyful Sound Blessed is the People that know the Joyful Sound c. Not they that only hear it but that know it it is that which when known and received pacifies a Wounded Conscience VIII A Proclamation of Peace and Pardon is that which a Self-condemned Traytor takes hold of and presently submits himself with Tears and falls down at his Sovereign's Feet being broken to Pieces at the Thoughts of his Prince's Clemency and Free Pardon Also it gives an Assurance to all such of Pardon and Peace So my Brethren the Gospel is that which Sin-convicted and Self-condemned Sinners and Stubborn Rebels against God takes hold of and it is this that breaks and melts their hard Hearts What hear that their Peace is made and God reconciled Nay and that he has Sacrified his own Son to this very end this breaks the Heart of Stone and brings the Rebel to lay down his Arms and to take hold of Pardon And it gives to each poor Sinner also an assurance of Mercy he brings the Proclamation as it were to God and pleads his Pardon Where the Word of a King is there is Power The King's Word and Promise saith the Soul is passed in his Proclamation that I shall have Free Pardon and here it is IX A Proclamation is Written nay Printed that it may be read and known of all Men so God in his Providence hath caused his Gospel to be Printed that it may be read and known to all to whom it is sent it was first Written as Holy Men speak as they were moved by the Holy Ghost and since it has been Printed also X. A Proclamation is set up in the Market-place
that are lost We being all naturally as vile and as bad as they nay perhaps there are some Sinners in Hell that were not so bad as some of us once were which he has magnified his Soveraign Grace and Favour unto III. The Covenant of Peace is alone of God's Free Grace because as our Peace was made without us not purchased by our Money nor by any thing done by us so the Promise of our having interest in the Blessings of this Peace or the Application of the Blood of Atonement are not Conditional Promises I say not on Conditional Promises depending upon the corrupt and depraved Will of Man to perform but they are alone free and absolute I will put my Law in their inward part and write it in their Heart and will be their God and they shall be my People they shall all know me from the least of them to the greatest I will forgive their Iniquity and will remember their Sins no more I will sprinkle clean Water upon them I will give them a new Heart I will take away the Stone out of their Heart and will give them a Heart of Flesh Are these Promises made upon any Conditions to be performed by the Creature or on previous Qualifications to prepare us for Grace no they are all free Promises I will and they shall God it is that opens our Eyes that works Faith in us that makes us willing to accept of that Peace he has made for us By the Blood of thy Covenant I have sent out the Prisoners out of the Pit wherein there was no Water My Brethren the Covenant of Peace from hence appears to be the Covenant of Grace it was with Christ for us on hard Conditions but to us in him only by way of Free Promise IV. That this Covenant is the Covenant of Grace appears not only because it is wholly or alone of Grace that we are brought into the Covenant but also because by God's Free Grace we are kept in this Covenant or preserved in a State of Peace with God unto the end They shall not depart from me my Sheep hear my Voice and they follow me and I give unto them Eternal Life and they shall never perish V. But to proceed 'T is the Covenant of Grace in opposition to the Law the Inheritance is not of the Law 1. For if they which are of the Law be Heirs Faith is made void and the Promise made of none effect Again saith Paul For if the Inheritance be of the Law it is no more of Promise but God gave it to Abraham by Promise What is the Inheritance but God himself in the Covenant c. and this is not by our Obedience to the Law but by Christ's Obedience thereto 'T is not my Brethren by our Obedience to any Law not to the Gospel as a Law for that would tend as much to make the Promise of God void as the other For had there been a Law given that could have given Life verily Righteousness should have been by the Law And then also Christ is dead in vain Gal. 2.21 2. In opposition to any after-Service which we could do in order to make God or Christ any Compensation or Return by way of Gratitude for making our Peace sometimes Men shew great Favour to the Poor in Distress and pay their Debts upon the Condition that they shall Work it out or make a Compensation that way but so it is not here for when we have done all we can do we are but unprofitable Servants Can Man profit God Whoever gave any thing unto him VI. The Covenant of Peace is wholly of Grace to us because we are Quickned Justified Called Pardoned Regenerated Adopted have Faith a new Heart Repentance Sanctification and all things else whatsoever by Vertue of this Covenant in a way of Free Grace or all is freely given to us of God Let me give you two or three Reasons of this 1. Because God will have all the Honour to himself of our Salvation he alone will have the Glory and abase the Creature 2. Because his Design herein is to Exalt and Magnifie his own Son our Lord Jesus Christ. 3. That Man might have no cause left him to boast nor Sacrifice to his own Drag But that he that glorieth should glory in the Lord. 4. Because God will have the Covenant of Peace to be sure to all the Seed i. e. to all his People but if it were not of Grace alone it would not be sure but an Uncertain and Mutable Covenant or on such Conditions that might or might not be performed Secondly I shall shew you that the Covenant of Peace is the Covenant of Grace as compared with or in opposition to the Covenant of Works My purpose herein is to shew you the vast difference betwixt the Covenant of Grace and the Covenant of Works I. The Covenant of Works was made with Man or betwixt God and the first Adam Adam was set up as the common Head or Representative of all his Seed and he was obliged to perform all the Conditions in his own Person in that Covenant But the Covenant of Grace primarily was made with our Lord Jesus Christ or betwixt God the Father and God the Son as Mediator in the Name and behalf of all God's Elect he being set up from Everlasting as their Covenanting Head II. The Covenant of Works was made with Man without a Surety Adam in his own Person for himself and for all his Seed being obliged to perform perfect Obedience or live and sin not yet had he none to engage to God or to undertake for him that he should thus do But the Covenant of Grace and Reconciliation was made solely upon the Vndertaking or Suretiship of our Lord Jesus Christ true he was obliged to perform perfect Obedience to the same Holy Law of God which Adam and we in him was required to do yet it is said That Christ was made a Surety of a better Covenant and that not only in respect of the Promises thereof which are better Promises but also in regard of the Oath of God which renders this Covenant firm together with Christ's Ability and Faithfulness to perform all the Conditions thereof and it being a full and free Covenant and also ratified by the Death of Christ. III. The Covenant of Works was a Conditional Covenant as made with Adam It was made upon mutual Restipulation between God and him and in the second Addition of the said Covenant to the whole House of Israel God promised them that upon their keeping this Covenant of perfect Obedience he would be their God and they should be his People Thou shalt have no other Gods before me and if thou keep my Laws and obey my Voice then thou shalt be a peculiar People unto me And this also they Undertook Promised and Covenanted to to do All that the Lord our God speak unto thee we will