as_o be_v absolute_a and_o unaccountable_a if_o there_o be_v no_o supreme_a power_n in_o any_o society_n when_o ever_o there_o happen_v any_o difference_n among_o the_o member_n of_o such_o a_o society_n nothing_o can_v be_v do_v and_o such_o a_o society_n be_v a_o arbitrary_a and_o voluntary_a not_o a_o govern_a society_n because_o there_o be_v no_o body_n to_o govern_v and_o no_o body_n to_o be_v govern_v they_o may_v govern_v themselves_o by_o mutual_a consent_n but_o if_o they_o can_v agree_v there_o be_v a_o end_n of_o their_o government_n where_o there_o be_v any_o government_n there_o must_v be_v somebody_o to_o govern_v and_o whoever_o have_v the_o power_n of_o government_n must_v not_o be_v contradict_v or_o resist_v for_o than_o he_o can_v govern_v for_o a_o power_n to_o govern_v man_n only_o when_o and_o in_o what_o case_n they_o please_v to_o be_v govern_v be_v no_o power_n now_o place_v this_o power_n where_o you_o will_v in_o a_o single_a person_n or_o in_o the_o hand_n 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unaccountable_a and_o irresistible_a and_o therefore_o 3._o whatever_o power_n in_o any_o nation_n according_a to_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o its_o government_n can_v and_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v resist_v that_o be_v the_o supreme_a power_n of_o that_o nation_n the_o high_a power_n to_o which_o the_o apostle_n require_v we_o to_o be_v subject_a and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v a_o imperial_a crown_n and_o have_v all_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n belong_v to_o it_o since_o according_a to_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o person_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n be_v sacred_a and_o irresistible_a the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o supremacy_n those_o law_n which_o declare_v and_o acknowledge_v the_o king_n to_o be_v supreme_a in_o his_o dominion_n under_o god_n to_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o the_o sword_n that_o it_o be_v treason_n to_o levy_v war_n against_o the_o king_n within_o the_o realm_n and_o without_o that_o both_o or_o either_o house_n of_o parliament_n can_v nor_o lawful_o may_v raise_v or_o levy_v war_n offensive_a or_o defensive_a against_o his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n or_o lawful_a successor_n that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a upon_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o to_o take_v arm_n against_o the_o king_n and_o that_o we_o must_v abhor_v that_o traitorous_a position_n of_o take_v arm_n by_o his_o authority_n against_o his_o person_n or_o against_o those_o who_o be_v commissionated_a by_o he_o these_o i_o say_v and_o such_o like_a declaration_n as_o these_o both_o former_o and_o of_o late_a make_v by_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o enact_v into_o public_a law_n be_v a_o sufficient_a proof_n that_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o these_o realm_n be_v lodge_v in_o the_o prince_n for_o he_o who_o be_v unaccountable_a and_o irresistible_a be_v supreme_a but_o to_o avoid_v all_o this_o there_o be_v some_o who_o tell_v we_o that_o by_o the_o high_a power_n in_o the_o text_n the_o apostle_n mean_v the_o law_n for_o law_n be_v the_o high_a and_o most_o venerable_a authority_n in_o any_o nation_n and_o we_o ought_v indeed_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o prince_n who_o themselves_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n which_o they_o be_v as_o much_o oblige_v to_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o apostolical_a command_n as_o mean_a person_n for_o the_o law_n be_v as_o much_o superior_a to_o they_o as_o they_o be_v to_o their_o own_o subject_n and_o therefore_o when_o prince_n violate_v public_a law_n they_o be_v no_o long_o to_o own_v they_o for_o the_o high_a power_n but_o may_v vindicate_v the_o law_n against_o they_o may_v defend_v the_o legal_a authority_n of_o their_o prince_n against_o his_o personal_a usurpation_n may_v fight_v for_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n against_o his_o person_n but_o in_o answer_n to_o this_o we_o may_v consider_v 1._o that_o it_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o whole_a context_n and_o manner_n of_o speak_v that_o the_o apostle_n do_v not_o here_o speak_v of_o law_n but_o person_n not_o of_o imperial_a law_n but_o sovereign_a prince_n law_n be_v never_o before_o call_v the_o high_a power_n neither_o in_o sacred_a nor_o profane_a writer_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o new_a testament_n always_o signify_v the_o authority_n of_o a_o person_n not_o of_o a_o law_n and_o hence_o it_o signify_v the_o person_n invest_v with_o this_o authority_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o prove_v this_o by_o numerous_a instance_n but_o it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v that_o thus_o it_o must_v signify_v in_o the_o text._n these_o be_v such_o power_n as_o be_v of_o god_n appoint_v and_o ordain_v by_o god_n which_o i_o suppose_v do_v not_o signify_v the_o law_n of_o every_o nation_n many_o of_o which_o be_v far_o enough_o from_o be_v divine_a they_o be_v express_o call_v ruler_n in_o the_o 3_o v_o and_o be_v the_o object_n of_o fear_n which_o can_v punish_v and_o reward_v if_o thou_o will_v not_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o power_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d do_v that_o which_o be_v good_a and_o thou_o shall_v have_v praise_n of_o the_o same_o now_o i_o think_v no_o law_n but_o the_o power_n which_o execute_v law_n can_v apply_v punishment_n or_o reward_n according_a to_o man_n desert_n and_o in_o the_o 4_o v_o this_o very_a power_n be_v call_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n and_o say_v to_o bear_v the_o sword_n which_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o law_n but_o person_n and_o in_o the_o text_n the_o apostle_n speak_v of_o resist_v these_o power_n oppose_v force_n to_o force_v now_o though_o law_n may_v be_v disobey_v it_o be_v only_a lawgiver_n and_o ruler_n who_o be_v capable_a of_o resistance_n 2._o but_o however_o these_o high_a power_n may_v signify_v prince_n and_o ruler_n as_o govern_v according_a to_o know_a law_n no_o this_o can_v be_v neither_o because_o the_o apostle_n speak_v of_o such_o power_n as_o be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o no_o law_n as_o it_o be_v sufficient_o know_v the_o roman_a emperor_n be_v not_o their_o will_n be_v their_o law_n and_o they_o make_v or_o repeal_v law_n at_o their_o pleasure_n this_o epistle_n be_v write_v either_o under_o claudius_n or_o nero_n and_o i_o think_v i_o need_v not_o tell_v you_o that_o neither_o of_o those_o emperor_n have_v any_o great_a reverence_n for_o law_n and_o yet_o these_o be_v the_o high_a power_n to_o who_o the_o apostle_n command_v they_o to_o be_v subject_a and_o indeed_o though_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a difference_n between_o a_o prince_n who_o by_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o his_o kingdom_n aught_o to_o govern_v by_o law_n and_o a_o prince_n who_o will_n be_v his_o law_n yet_o no_o law_n can_v come_v into_o the_o notion_n and_o definition_n of_o supreme_a and_o sovereign_a power_n such_o a_o prince_n be_v under_o the_o direction_n but_o can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o law_n because_o there_o be_v no_o superior_a power_n to_o take_v cognizance_n of_o his_o breach_n of_o it_o and_o a_o law_n have_v no_o authority_n to_o govern_v where_o there_o be_v no_o power_n to_o punish_v but_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o discourse_v this_o more_o large_o hereafter_o 3._o let_v we_o now_o consider_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o be_v subject_n now_o subjection_n according_a to_o its_o full_a latitude_n of_o signification_n include_v all_o those_o duty_n which_o we_o owe_v to_o sovereign_a prince_n a_o cheerful_a and_o willing_a obedience_n to_o all_o their_o just_a and_o lawful_a command_n a_o humble_a submission_n to_o their_o reproof_n and_o censure_n correction_n and_o punishment_n to_o honour_n and_o reverence_n their_o person_n and_o authority_n to_o pay_v custom_n and_o tribute_n and_o all_o legal_a tax_n and_o imposition_n as_o our_o apostle_n add_v verse_n the_o 7._o render_v therefore_o unto_o all_o
resistance_n or_o rebellion_n against_o a_o prince_n who_o persecute_v without_o or_o against_o law_n i_o shall_v only_o ask_v two_o plain_a question_n 1._o whether_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n be_v not_o as_o sacred_a and_o inviolable_a as_o the_o law_n of_o our_o country_n if_o they_o be_v and_o methinks_v no_o man_n shall_v dare_v say_v that_o they_o be_v not_o why_o may_v we_o not_o as_o well_o resist_v a_o prince_n who_o persecute_v we_o against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n as_o one_o who_o persecute_v against_o the_o law_n of_o our_o country_n be_v not_o the_o prince_n as_o much_o bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n as_o the_o law_n of_o his_o country_n if_o so_o than_o their_o distinction_n between_o suffer_v with_o and_o against_o law_n signify_v nothing_o for_o all_o man_n who_o suffer_v for_o well-doing_n suffer_v against_o law_n for_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o natural_a end_n of_o humane_a government_n such_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v reward_v and_o not_o punish_v nay_o they_o suffer_v contrary_a to_o those_o law_n which_o command_v they_o to_o do_v that_o good_a for_o which_o they_o suffer_v thus_o the_o christian_n suffer_v under_o pagan_a emperor_n for_o worship_v one_o supreme_a god_n and_o refuse_v to_o worship_v the_o numerous_a god_n of_o the_o heathen_n and_o therefore_o according_a to_o these_o principle_n may_v have_v justify_v a_o rebellion_n against_o those_o unjust_a and_o persecute_v power_n but_o the_o apostle_n will_v not_o allow_v this_o to_o be_v a_o just_a cause_n of_o resistance_n as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v you_o and_o yet_o i_o confess_v i_o be_o to_o seek_v for_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n why_o we_o may_v not_o resist_v a_o prince_n who_o persecute_v against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n as_o well_o as_o he_o who_o persecute_v against_o the_o law_n of_o england_n 2._o my_o other_o question_n be_v this_o whether_o a_o prince_n have_v any_o more_o authority_n to_o make_v wicked_a and_o persecute_v law_n than_o to_o persecute_v without_o law_n these_o man_n apostate_n tell_v we_o that_o if_o paganism_n or_o popery_n be_v establish_v by_o law_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o suffer_v patient_o for_o their_o religion_n without_o resistance_n but_o since_o christianity_n and_o protestancy_n be_v the_o religion_n of_o the_o nation_n they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o suffer_v but_o may_v defend_v themselves_o when_o they_o be_v condemn_v by_o no_o law_n but_o if_o we_o examine_v this_o thorough_o it_o be_v a_o very_a weak_a and_o trifle_a cavil_v for_o what_o authority_n have_v a_o wicked_a and_o persecute_v law_n and_o who_o give_v it_o this_o authority_n what_o authority_n have_v any_o prince_n to_o make_v law_n against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n if_o he_o have_v no_o authority_n than_o it_o be_v no_o law_n and_o then_o to_o make_v a_o wicked_a law_n to_o persecute_v good_a man_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o to_o persecute_v without_o law_n nay_o as_o to_o persecute_v against_o law_n the_o pretence_n for_o resistance_n be_v when_o the_o prince_n persecute_v without_o authority_n now_o i_o say_v a_o prince_n have_v no_o more_o authority_n to_o make_v wicked_a persecute_v law_n than_o to_o persecute_v without_o law_n shall_v a_o popish_a prince_n procure_v all_o our_o good_a law_n for_o the_o protestant_a religion_n to_o be_v repeal_v and_o establish_v popery_n by_o law_n and_o make_v it_o death_n not_o to_o be_v a_o papist_n he_o will_v have_v no_o more_o real_a authority_n to_o do_v this_o than_o to_o persecute_v protestant_n without_o repeal_n the_o law_n a_o sovereign_n and_o unaccountable_a power_n will_v justify_v both_o so_o as_o to_o make_v resistance_n unlawful_a but_o if_o it_o can_v justify_v both_o it_o can_v justify_v neither_o for_o a_o prince_n have_v no_o more_o authority_n to_o make_v a_o bad_a law_n than_o to_o break_v a_o good_a one_o so_o that_o this_o principle_n will_v lead_v they_o a_o great_a deal_n far_o than_o they_o pretend_v to_o and_o let_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v what_o they_o will_v in_o time_n they_o may_v come_v to_o think_v it_o a_o just_a reason_n for_o rebellion_n to_o pull_v down_o antichrist_n and_o to_o set_v up_o christ_n jesus_n upon_o this_o throne_n this_o i_o hope_n be_v a_o sufficient_a answer_n to_o the_o two_o first_o objection_n that_o we_o be_v bind_v by_o no_o law_n to_o suffer_v against_o law_n and_o that_o the_o prince_n have_v no_o authority_n against_o law_n 3._o the_o next_o objection_n be_v that_o they_o have_v a_o natural_a right_n of_o self-preservation_n and_o self-defence_n against_o unjust_a and_o illegal_a violence_n this_o very_a pretence_n be_v make_v great_a use_n of_o to_o wheadle_n people_n into_o this_o late_a conspiracy_n those_o who_o be_v employ_v to_o prepare_v and_o dispose_v man_n for_o rebellion_n ask_v they_o whether_o they_o will_v not_o defend_v themselves_o if_o any_o man_n come_v to_o cut_v their_o throat_n this_o they_o ready_o say_v they_o will_v when_o they_o have_v gain_v this_o point_n they_o ask_v they_o whether_o they_o do_v not_o value_v their_o liberty_n as_o much_o as_o their_o life_n and_o whether_o they_o will_v not_o defend_v they_o also_o and_o thus_o they_o may_v have_v proceed_v to_o any_o part_n of_o their_o liberty_n if_o they_o have_v please_v for_o they_o have_v the_o same_o right_n to_o any_o part_n as_o to_o the_o whole_a and_o thus_o self-defence_n will_v at_o last_o reach_n to_o the_o small_a occasion_n of_o discontent_n or_o jealousy_n or_o dislike_v of_o public_a government_n now_o in_o answer_n to_o this_o i_o ready_o grant_v that_o every_o man_n have_v a_o natural_a right_n to_o preserve_v and_o defend_v his_o life_n by_o all_o lawful_a mean_n but_o we_o must_v not_o think_v every_o thing_n lawful_a which_o we_o have_v strength_n and_o power_n and_o opportunity_n to_o do_v and_o therefore_o to_o give_v a_o full_a answer_n to_o this_o plea_n let_v we_o consider_v 1._o that_o self-defence_n be_v never_o allow_v by_o god_n or_o nature_n against_o public_a authority_n but_o only_o against_o private_a violence_n there_o be_v a_o time_n when_o father_n have_v the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n over_o their_o own_o child_n now_o i_o will_v only_o ask_v these_o man_n whether_o if_o a_o son_n at_o that_o time_n see_v his_o father_n come_v to_o kill_v he_o and_o that_o as_o he_o think_v very_o unjust_o he_o may_v kill_v his_o father_n to_o defend_v himself_o this_o never_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o most_o barbarous_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v justify_v by_o this_o principle_n of_o self-defence_n as_o it_o be_v urge_v by_o those_o man_n which_o be_v a_o plain_a argument_n that_o it_o be_v false_a it_o be_v a_o express_a law_n that_o he_o that_o smite_v his_o father_n or_o his_o mother_n shall_v be_v sure_o put_v to_o death_n 21_o exod._n 15._o and_o yet_o then_o the_o power_n of_o parent_n be_v restrain_v by_o public_a law_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o prince_n be_v not_o less_o sacred_a than_o of_o a_o parent_n he_o be_v god_n minister_n and_o vicegerent_n and_o subject_n be_v express_o forbid_v to_o resist_v and_o it_o be_v a_o vain_a thing_n to_o pretend_v a_o natural_a right_n against_o the_o express_a law_n of_o god_n 2._o for_o the_o sole_a power_n of_o the_o sword_n be_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o therefore_o no_o private_a man_n can_v take_v the_o sword_n in_o his_o own_o defence_n but_o by_o the_o king_n authority_n and_o certain_o he_o can_v be_v presume_v to_o give_v any_o man_n authority_n to_o use_v the_o sword_n against_o himself_o and_o therefore_o as_o christ_n tell_v peter_n he_o that_o take_v the_o sword_n shall_v perish_v by_o the_o sword_n he_o who_o draw_v the_o sword_n against_o the_o lawful_a power_n deserve_v to_o die_v by_o it_o 3._o we_o may_v consider_v also_o that_o it_o be_v a_o external_a law_n that_o private_a defence_n must_v give_v place_n to_o the_o public_a good_a now_o he_o that_o take_v arm_n to_o defend_v his_o own_o life_n and_o some_o few_o other_o involve_v a_o whole_a nation_n in_o blood_n and_o confusion_n and_o occasion_n the_o miserable_a slaughter_n of_o more_o man_n than_o a_o long_a succession_n of_o tyrant_n can_v destroy_v such_o man_n sacrifice_v many_o thousand_o life_n both_o of_o friend_n and_o enemy_n the_o happiness_n and_o prosperity_n of_o many_o thousand_o family_n the_o public_a peace_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o nation_n to_o a_o private_a self-defence_n and_o if_o this_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n we_o may_v well_o call_v nature_n a_o stepmother_n that_o have_v arm_v we_o to_o our_o own_o ruin_n and_o confusion_n 4._o and_o therefore_o we_o may_v far_o observe_v that_o nonresistance_n and_o subjection_n to_o government_n be_v the_o best_a way_n for_o every_o man_n
private_a defence_n our_o atheistical_a politician_n who_o know_v no_o other_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o self-defence_n make_v this_o the_o original_a of_o humane_a society_n that_o it_o be_v a_o voluntary_a combination_n for_o self-defence_n for_o this_o reason_n they_o set_v up_o prince_n and_o ruler_n over_o they_o and_o put_v the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n into_o their_o hand_n that_o they_o may_v administer_v justice_n and_o defend_v their_o subject_n from_o public_a and_o private_a violence_n and_o they_o be_v certain_o so_o far_o in_o the_o right_n that_o public_a government_n be_v the_o best_a security_n not_o only_o of_o the_o public_a peace_n but_o of_o every_o man_n private_a interest_n nay_o it_o be_v so_o though_o our_o prince_n be_v a_o tyrant_n as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v you_o that_o no_o government_n can_v be_v secure_a without_o a_o irresistible_a and_o unaccountable_a power_n so_o that_o the_o natural_a right_n of_o self-defence_n be_v so_o far_o from_o justify_v rebellion_n against_o prince_n that_o it_o absolute_o condemn_v it_o as_o destructive_a of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o effectual_a mean_n to_o preserve_v ourselves_o for_o though_o by_o nonresistance_n a_o man_n may_v expose_v his_o life_n to_o the_o fury_n of_o a_o tyrant_n so_o he_o may_v loose_v his_o life_n in_o any_o other_o way_n of_o defence_n but_o public_a government_n be_v the_o best_a and_o sure_a defence_n and_o therefore_o to_o resist_v public_a government_n be_v to_o destroy_v the_o best_a mean_n of_o self-defence_n 5._o however_o this_o principle_n of_o self-defence_n to_o be_v sure_a can_v justify_v a_o rebellion_n when_o man_n do_v not_o suffer_v any_o actual_a violence_n and_o therefore_o those_o man_n who_o be_v draw_v into_o this_o late_a conspiracy_n when_o they_o see_v no_o body_n attempt_v cut_v their_o throat_n when_o they_o see_v none_o of_o their_o liberty_n invade_v be_v so_o well_o prepare_v to_o be_v rebel_n that_o they_o need_v no_o argument_n to_o persuade_v they_o to_o it_o 4._o the_o next_o objection_n against_o the_o doctrine_n of_o nonresistance_n be_v this_o that_o it_o destroy_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o absolute_a and_o limit_a monarchy_n between_o a_o prince_n who_o will_n be_v his_o law_n and_o a_o prince_n who_o be_v bind_v to_o govern_v by_o law_n which_o undermine_v the_o foundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o english_a government_n if_o this_o be_v true_a i_o confess_v it_o be_v a_o very_a hard_a case_n for_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n who_o must_v either_o preach_v up_o resistance_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o the_o sense_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n in_o all_o age_n or_o must_v preach_v up_o non_fw-la resistance_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o government_n under_o which_o they_o live_v but_o thanks_o be_v to_o god_n this_o be_v not_o true_a for_o the_o difference_n between_o a_o absolute_a and_o limit_a monarchy_n be_v not_o that_o resistance_n be_v unlawful_a in_o one_o case_n and_o lawful_a in_o another_o for_o a_o monarch_n the_o exercise_n of_o who_o power_n be_v limit_v and_o regulate_v by_o law_n be_v as_o irresistible_a as_o the_o most_o absolute_a monarch_n who_o will_n be_v his_o law_n and_o if_o he_o be_v not_o i_o will_v venture_v to_o say_v that_o the_o most_o absolute_a and_o despotic_a government_n be_v more_o for_o the_o public_a good_a than_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n but_o the_o difference_n lie_v in_o this_o that_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o no_o law_n but_o his_o own_o will_n he_o can_v make_v and_o repeal_v law_n at_o his_o pleasure_n without_o ask_v the_o consent_n of_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n he_o can_v impose_v what_o tax_n he_o please_v and_o be_v not_o tie_v up_o to_o strict_a rule_n and_o formality_n of_o law_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o justice_n but_o it_o be_v quite_o contrary_a in_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n where_o the_o excercise_n of_o sovereign_a power_n be_v regulate_v by_o know_a and_o stand_a law_n which_o the_o prince_n can_v neither_o make_v nor_o repeal_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n no_o man_n can_v loose_v his_o life_n or_o estate_n without_o a_o legal_a process_n and_o trial_n no_o money_n can_v be_v levy_v nor_o any_o tax_n impose_v on_o the_o subject_a but_o by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n which_o make_v the_o case_n of_o subject_n differ_v very_o much_o from_o those_o who_o live_v under_o a_o arbitrary_a prince_n no_o you_o will_v say_v the_o case_n be_v just_a the_o same_o for_o what_o do_v law_n signify_v when_o a_o prince_n must_v not_o be_v resist_v though_o he_o break_v these_o law_n and_o govern_v by_o a_o arbitrarie_a and_o lawless_a will_n he_o may_v make_v himself_o as_o absolute_a as_o the_o great_a turk_n or_o the_o mogul_n whenever_o he_o please_v for_o what_o shall_v hinder_v he_o when_o all_o man_n hand_n be_v tie_v by_o this_o doctrine_n of_o nonresistance_n now_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v a_o possibility_n for_o such_o a_o prince_n to_o govern_v arbitrary_o and_o to_o trample_v upon_o all_o law_n and_o yet_o the_o difference_n between_o a_o absolute_a and_o limit_a monarchy_n be_v vast_o great_a 1._o for_o this_o prince_n though_o he_o may_v make_v his_o will_n a_o law_n to_o himself_o and_o the_o only_a rule_n of_o his_o government_n yet_o he_o can_v make_v it_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n he_o may_v break_v law_n but_o he_o can_v neither_o make_v nor_o repeal_v they_o and_o therefore_o he_o can_v never_o alter_v the_o frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n though_o he_o may_v at_o present_a interrupt_v the_o regular_a administration_n of_o it_o and_o this_o be_v a_o great_a security_n to_o posterity_n and_o a_o present_a restraint_n upon_o himself_o 2._o for_o it_o be_v a_o mighty_a uneasy_a thing_n to_o any_o prince_n to_o govern_v contrary_a to_o know_v law_n he_o offer_v as_o great_a and_o constant_a violence_n to_o himself_o as_o he_o do_v to_o his_o subject_n he_o can_v raise_v money_n nor_o impose_v any_o tax_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o subject_n nor_o take_v away_o any_o man_n life_n without_o a_o legal_a trial_n which_o a_o absolute_a prince_n may_v do_v but_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o rapine_n and_o murder_n and_o feel_v the_o same_o rebuke_n in_o his_o own_o mind_n for_o such_o illegal_a action_n though_o his_o imposition_n be_v but_o reasonable_a and_o moderate_a and_o he_o put_v no_o man_n to_o death_n but_o who_o very_o well_o deserve_v it_o that_o a_o absolute_a tyrant_n do_v for_o the_o most_o barbarous_a oppression_n and_o cruelty_n the_o breach_n of_o his_o oath_n to_o god_n and_o his_o promise_n and_o engagement_n to_o his_o subject_n make_v the_o excercise_n of_o such_o a_o arbitrarie_a power_n very_o troublesome_a and_o though_o his_o subject_n be_v bind_v not_o to_o resist_v yet_o his_o own_o guilty_a fear_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o be_v secure_a and_o arbitrarie_a power_n be_v not_o so_o luscious_a a_o thing_n as_o to_o tempt_v man_n to_o forfeit_v all_o the_o ease_n and_o pleasure_n and_o security_n of_o government_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o it_o 3._o though_o subject_n must_v not_o resist_v such_o a_o prince_n who_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o his_o kingdom_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o obey_v he_o nor_o to_o serve_v he_o in_o his_o usurpation_n subject_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n and_o to_o serve_v his_o will_n in_o lawful_a thing_n though_o they_o be_v hard_a and_o grievous_a but_o in_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n which_o be_v govern_v by_o law_n subject_n be_v bind_v to_o yield_v a_o active_a obedience_n only_o according_a to_o law_n though_o they_o be_v bind_v not_o to_o resist_v when_o they_o suffer_v against_o law_n now_o it_o be_v a_o mighty_a uneasy_a thing_n to_o the_o great_a tyrant_n to_o govern_v always_o by_o force_n and_o no_o prince_n in_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n can_v make_v himself_o absolute_a unless_o his_o own_o subject_n assist_v he_o to_o do_v so_o 4._o and_o yet_o it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a for_o any_o subject_a to_o serve_v his_o prince_n contrary_a to_o law_n though_o the_o prince_n himself_o be_v unaccountable_a and_o irresistible_a yet_o his_o minister_n may_v be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n and_o be_v punish_v for_o it_o and_o the_o prince_n may_v think_v fit_a to_o look_v on_o quiet_o and_o see_v it_o do_v or_o if_o they_o escape_v at_o present_a yet_o it_o may_v be_v time_n enough_o to_o suffer_v for_o it_o under_o the_o next_o prince_n which_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n make_v all_o mon_fw-fr wary_a how_o they_o serve_v their_o prince_n against_o law_n none_o but_o person_n of_o desperate_a fortune_n will_v do_v this_o barefaced_a and_o those_o be_v not_o always_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o and_o as_o seldom_o fit_a
emperor_n tertullian_n who_o write_v his_o apology_n under_o severus_n assert_n that_o caesar_n be_v choose_v by_o god_n and_o therefore_o that_o the_o christian_n have_v a_o peculiar_a propriety_n in_o caesar_n as_o be_v make_v emperor_n by_o their_o god_n sed_fw-la quid_fw-la ego_fw-la amplius_fw-la de_fw-la religione_fw-la atque_fw-la pielate_fw-la christiana_fw-la in_o imperatorem_fw-la quem_fw-la necesse_fw-la est_fw-la suspiciamus_fw-la ut_fw-la eum_fw-la quem_fw-la dominus_fw-la noster_fw-la elegit_fw-la &_o merito_fw-la dixerim_fw-la noster_fw-la est_fw-la magis_fw-la caesar_n a_o deo_fw-la nostro_fw-la constitutus_fw-la tert._n apol._n cap._n 33._o and_o this_o he_o assign_v as_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o honour_n and_o reverence_n and_o pray_v for_o he_o and_o be_v in_o all_o thing_n subject_a to_o he_o 3._o if_o these_o man_n will_v grant_v the_o institution_n of_o civil_a power_n and_o authority_n by_o god_n be_v a_o necessary_a reason_n why_o we_o must_v not_o resist_v those_o who_o have_v this_o power_n it_o shall_v satisfy_v i_o and_o i_o will_v dispute_v no_o further_o whether_o by_o power_n in_o the_o text_n the_o apostle_n mean_v civil_a government_n or_o the_o person_n of_o prince_n so_o long_o as_o the_o doctrine_n of_o nonresistance_n be_v secure_v but_o if_o they_o will_v not_o grant_v this_o than_o they_o must_v grant_v that_o either_o the_o apostle_n reason_n weak_o or_o that_o this_o be_v not_o the_o sense_n of_o his_o word_n st._n chrysostom_n indeed_o by_o the_o power_n that_o be_v ordain_v of_o god_n understand_v no_o more_o than_o that_o civil_a power_n and_o authority_n be_v from_o god_n as_o be_v afraid_a to_o own_o that_o all_o prince_n though_o never_o so_o wicked_a be_v appoint_v by_o god_n but_o then_o he_o own_v the_o doctrine_n of_o nonresistance_n because_o the_o power_n be_v from_o god_n whoever_o have_v the_o possession_n of_o it_o or_o however_o he_o come_v by_o it_o but_o i_o think_v the_o argument_n for_o nonresistance_n be_v much_o strong_a if_o we_o acknowledge_v that_o soveveraign_a prince_n themselves_o be_v appoint_v by_o god_n and_o have_v this_o power_n put_v into_o their_o hand_n by_o his_o peculiar_a and_o order_v providence_n 4._o other_o in_o plain_a term_n deny_v that_o this_o be_v true_a that_o prince_n receive_v their_o power_n from_o god_n and_o be_v ordain_v and_o appoint_v by_o he_o though_o the_o word_n of_o the_o apostle_n be_v very_o plain_a and_o express_v in_o the_o case_n but_o let_v we_o set_v aside_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o apostle_n a_o while_n and_o examine_v why_o they_o say_v so_o and_o this_o they_o think_v be_v very_o plain_a in_o all_o nation_n that_o prince_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o throne_n by_o the_o choice_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n or_o by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n confirm_v and_o settle_v by_o public_a law_n which_o include_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n and_o therefore_o they_o receive_v their_o power_n from_o those_o who_o choose_v they_o which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o fiduciary_a power_n which_o they_o be_v liable_a to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o to_o those_o who_o choose_v they_o now_o grant_v this_o to_o be_v true_a that_o prince_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o throne_n by_o the_o people_n which_o will_v not_o very_o well_o hold_v in_o conquest_n nor_o in_o hereditary_a kingdom_n yet_o i_o say_v suppose_v it_o to_o be_v true_a since_o it_o be_v manifest_o the_o case_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n when_o the_o apostle_n write_v this_o epistle_n their_o emperor_n be_v choose_v either_o by_o the_o senate_n or_o the_o army_n yet_o i_o will_v desire_v to_o be_v resolve_v in_o some_o few_o plain_a question_n 1._o whether_o god_n do_v nothing_o but_o what_o he_o do_v by_o a_o immediate_a power_n whether_o he_o can_v appoint_v and_o choose_v a_o emperor_n unless_o he_o do_v it_o by_o a_o voice_n from_o heaven_n or_o send_v a_o angel_n to_o set_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n whether_o god_n can_v by_o a_o great_a many_o unknown_a way_n determine_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o people_n to_o that_o person_n who_o he_o have_v before_o choose_v himself_o may_v we_o not_o as_o well_o say_v that_o god_n do_v nothing_o but_o miracle_n because_o every_o thing_n else_o have_v some_o visible_a cause_n and_o may_v be_v ascribe_v either_o to_o natural_a or_o moral_a agent_n god_n may_v choose_v a_o emperor_n and_o the_o people_n choose_v he_o too_o and_o the_o people_n choice_n be_v only_o the_o effect_n of_o god_n choice_n and_o therefore_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o prince_n owe_v their_o crown_n and_o secepter_n to_o god_n the_o power_n that_o be_v be_v ordain_v of_o god_n 2._o how_o do_v it_o follow_v that_o because_o prince_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n therefore_o they_o derive_v their_o power_n from_o they_o and_o be_v accountable_a to_o they_o this_o be_v not_o true_a in_o humane_a government_n a_o city_n or_o any_o corporation_n may_v have_v authority_n to_o choose_v their_o magistrate_n and_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o derive_v their_o power_n from_o their_o fellow-citizen_n who_o choose_v they_o but_o from_o their_o prince_n thus_o the_o people_n may_v choose_v but_o god_n invest_v with_o power_n and_o authority_n for_o indeed_o how_o can_v people_n who_o have_v no_o power_n of_o government_n themselves_o give_v that_o power_n which_o they_o have_v not_o god_n be_v the_o only_a governor_n of_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o power_n of_o government_n but_o what_o be_v derive_v from_o he_o but_o these_o man_n think_v that_o all_o civil_a authority_n be_v found_v in_o consent_n as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o natural_a lord_n of_o the_o world_n or_o all_o mankind_n come_v free_a and_o independent_a into_o the_o world_n this_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o what_o at_o other_o time_n they_o will_v grant_v that_o the_o institution_n of_o civil_a power_n and_o authority_n be_v from_o god_n and_o indeed_o if_o it_o be_v not_o i_o know_v not_o how_o any_o prince_n can_v justify_v the_o take_n away_o the_o life_n of_o any_o man_n whatever_o crime_n he_o have_v be_v guilty_a of_o for_o no_o man_n have_v power_n of_o his_o own_o life_n and_o therefore_o can_v give_v this_o power_n to_o another_o which_o prove_v that_o the_o power_n of_o capital_a punishment_n can_v result_v from_o mere_a consent_n but_o from_o a_o superior_a authority_n which_o be_v lord_n of_o life_n and_o death_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o every_o man_n have_v a_o natural_a right_n to_o defend_v his_o own_o life_n by_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o any_o man_n who_o injurious_o assault_v he_o and_o he_o may_v part_v with_o this_o power_n of_o self-defence_n to_o his_o prince_n and_o that_o include_v the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n i_o answer_v 1._o suppose_v the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n will_v justify_v the_o take_n away_o another_o man_n life_n in_o preservation_n of_o our_o own_o yet_o this_o be_v a_o personal_a right_n which_o god_n and_o nature_n have_v give_v we_o and_o unless_o we_o can_v prove_v that_o we_o have_v authority_n to_o make_v over_o this_o right_n to_o another_o as_o well_o as_o to_o use_v it_o ourselves_o our_o consent_n can_v give_v authority_n to_o the_o magistrate_n to_o take_v away_o any_o man_n life_n in_o our_o cause_n 2._o this_o natural_a right_n of_o self-defence_n can_v be_v the_o original_a of_o the_o magistrate_n power_n because_o no_o man_n do_v give_v up_o this_o right_n every_o man_n have_v the_o right_a of_o self-preservation_n as_o entire_a under_o civil_a government_n as_o he_o have_v in_o a_o state_n of_o nature_n under_o what_o government_n soever_o i_o live_v i_o may_v still_o kill_v another_o man_n when_o i_o have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o preserve_v my_o own_o life_n from_o unjust_a violence_n by_o private_a hand_n and_o this_o be_v all_o the_o liberty_n any_o man_n have_v in_o a_o suppose_a state_n of_o nature_n so_o that_o the_o magistrate_n power_n of_o the_o sword_n be_v a_o very_a different_a thing_n from_o every_o man_n right_a of_o self-preservation_n and_o can_v owe_v its_o original_n to_o it_o for_o 3._o the_o magistrate_n power_n of_o the_o sword_n be_v not_o mere_o defensive_a as_o the_o right_n of_o self-preservation_n be_v but_o vindicative_a to_o execute_v vengeance_n on_o evil_a doer_n which_o power_n no_o man_n have_v over_o his_o equal_n in_o a_o state_n of_o nature_n for_o vengeance_n be_v a_o act_n of_o superiority_n and_o suppose_v the_o authority_n of_o a_o lord_n and_o judge_n and_o therefore_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o mankind_n can_v give_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o a_o sword_n to_o a_o prince_n because_o they_o never_o have_v it_o themselves_o a_o prince_n as_o he_o bear_v the_o sword_n be_v not_o the_o people_n officer_n but_o the_o minister_n of_o god_n a_o revenger_n to_o execute_v wrath_n upon_o he_o that_o do_v evil_a as_o our_o apostle_n add_v
acknowledge_v that_o these_o five_o particular_n do_v contain_v the_o whole_a strength_n of_o their_o cause_n and_o if_o i_o can_v give_v a_o fair_a answer_n to_o they_o it_o must_v either_o make_v man_n loyal_a or_o leave_v they_o without_o excuse_n 1._o they_o urge_v that_o they_o be_v bind_v by_o no_o law_n to_o suffer_v against_o law_n suppose_v as_o a_o late_a author_n do_v that_o a_o popish_a apostate_n prince_n shall_v persecute_v his_o protestant_a subject_n in_o england_n for_o profess_v the_o protestant_a religion_n which_o be_v establish_v by_o law_n by_o what_o law_n say_v he_o must_v we_o die_v not_o by_o any_o law_n of_o god_n sure_o for_o be_v of_o that_o religion_n which_o he_o approve_v and_o will_v have_v all_o the_o world_n to_o embrace_v and_o to_o hold_v fast_o to_o the_o end_n nor_o by_o the_o law_n of_o our_o country_n where_o protestancy_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v criminal_a that_o it_o be_v death_n to_o desert_n it_o and_o to_o turn_v papist_n by_o what_o law_n then_o by_o none_o that_o i_o know_v of_o say_v our_o author_n nor_o do_v i_o know_v of_o any_o and_o so_o far_o we_o be_v agree_v but_o then_o both_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o of_o our_o country_n command_v we_o not_o to_o resist_v and_o if_o death_n a_o illegal_a unjust_a death_n follow_v upon_o that_o i_o can_v help_v it_o god_n and_o our_o country_n must_v answer_v for_o it_o it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a discovery_n which_o this_o author_n have_v make_v that_o when_o we_o suffer_v against_o law_n we_o be_v condemn_v by_o no_o law_n to_o dieâ—_n for_o if_o we_o be_v we_o can_v not_o suffer_v against_o law_n and_o it_o be_v as_o wonderful_a a_o argument_n he_o use_v to_o prove_v that_o we_o may_v resist_v when_o we_o be_v persecute_v against_o law_n because_o we_o be_v condemn_v by_o no_o law_n to_o die_v which_o be_v suppose_v in_o the_o very_a question_n and_o be_v neither_o more_o nor_o less_o than_o to_o affirm_v the_o thing_n which_o he_o be_v to_o prove_v we_o may_v resist_v a_o prince_n who_o persecute_v against_o law_n because_o we_o be_v condemn_v by_o no_o law_n that_o be_v because_o he_o persecute_v against_o law_n this_o prove_v indeed_o that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o die_v when_o we_o be_v condemn_v by_o no_o law_n to_o die_v but_o whether_o we_o may_v preserve_v ourselves_o from_o a_o unjust_a and_o violent_a death_n by_o resist_v a_o persecute_v prince_n be_v another_o question_n 2._o it_o be_v urge_v that_o a_o prince_n have_v no_o authority_n against_o law_n there_o be_v no_o authority_n on_o earth_n above_o the_o law_n much_o less_o against_o it_o it_o be_v murder_n to_o put_v a_o man_n to_o death_n against_o law_n and_o if_o they_o know_v who_o have_v authority_n to_o commit_v open_a bare-faced_n and_o downright_a murder_n this_o will_v direct_v they_o where_o to_o pay_v their_o passive_a obedience_n but_o it_o will_v be_v the_o horride_v slander_n in_o the_o world_n to_o say_v that_o any_o such_o power_n be_v lodge_v in_o the_o prerogative_n as_o to_o destroy_v man_n contrary_a to_o law_n now_o i_o perfect_o agree_v with_o they_o in_o this_o also_o that_o a_o prince_n have_v no_o just_a and_o legal_a authority_n to_o act_v against_o law_n that_o if_o he_o know_o persecure_v any_o subject_n to_o death_n contrary_a to_o law_n he_o be_v a_o murderer_n and_o that_o no_o prince_n have_v any_o such_o prerogative_n to_o commit_v open_a bare-faced_n and_o downright_a murder_n but_o what_o follow_v from_o hence_o do_v it_o hence_o follow_v therefore_o we_o may_v resist_v and_o oppose_v they_o if_o they_o do_v this_o i_o absolute_o deny_v because_o god_n have_v express_o command_v we_o not_o to_o resist_v and_o i_o see_v no_o inconsistencie_n between_o these_o two_o proposition_n that_o a_o prince_n have_v no_o legal_a authority_n to_o persecute_v against_o law_n and_o yet_o that_o he_o must_v not_o be_v resist_v when_o he_o do_v both_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o our_o country_n suppose_v these_o two_o to_o be_v very_o consistent_a for_o notwithstanding_o the_o possibility_n that_o prince_n may_v abuse_v their_o power_n and_o transgress_v the_o law_n whereby_o they_o ought_v to_o govern_v yet_o they_o command_v subject_n in_o no_o case_n to_o resist_v and_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o justify_v resistance_n if_o prince_n do_v what_o they_o have_v no_o just_a authority_n to_o do_v unless_o we_o have_v also_o a_o just_a authority_n to_o resist_v he_o who_o exceed_v the_o just_a bound_n of_o his_o authority_n be_v liable_a to_o be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n for_o it_o but_o he_o be_v accountable_a only_o to_o those_o who_o have_v a_o superior_a authority_n to_o call_v he_o to_o a_o account_n no_o power_n whatever_o be_v accountable_a to_o a_o inferior_a for_o this_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o the_o very_a notion_n of_o power_n and_o destructive_a of_o all_o order_n and_o government_n inferior_a magistrate_n be_v on_o all_o hand_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v liable_a to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o abuse_n of_o their_o power_n but_o to_o who_o must_v they_o give_v a_o account_n not_o to_o their_o inferior_n not_o to_o the_o people_n who_o they_o be_v to_o govern_v but_o to_o superior_a magistrate_n or_o to_o the_o sovereign_a prince_n who_o govern_v all_o thus_o the_o sovereign_a prince_n may_v exceed_v his_o authority_n and_o be_v accountable_a for_o it_o to_o a_o superior_a power_n but_o because_o he_o have_v no_o superior_a power_n on_o earth_n he_o can_v be_v resist_v by_o his_o own_o subject_n but_o must_v be_v reserve_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n who_o alone_o be_v the_o king_n of_o king_n to_o justify_v our_o resistance_n of_o any_o power_n there_o be_v two_o thing_n to_o be_v prove_v 1._o that_o this_o power_n have_v exceed_v its_o just_a authority_n 2._o that_o we_o have_v authority_n to_o resist_v now_o these_o man_n indeed_o prove_v the_o first_o very_o well_o that_o prince_n who_o be_v to_o govern_v by_o law_n exceed_v their_o legal_a authority_n when_o they_o persecute_v against_o law_n but_o they_o say_v not_o one_o word_n of_o the_o second_o that_o subject_n have_v authority_n to_o resist_v their_o prince_n who_o persecute_v against_o law_n which_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n that_o need_v proof_n but_o this_o be_v a_o hard_a task_n and_o therefore_o they_o think_v it_o more_o adviseable_a to_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v than_o to_o attempt_v to_o prove_v it_o they_o say_v indeed_o that_o a_o inauthoritative_a act_n which_o carry_v no_o obligation_n at_o all_o can_v oblige_v subject_n to_o obedience_n now_o this_o be_v manifest_o true_a if_o by_o obedience_n they_o mean_v a_o active_a obedience_n for_o i_o be_o not_o bind_v to_o do_v a_o ill_a thing_n or_o a_o illegal_a action_n because_o my_o prince_n command_v i_o but_o if_o they_o mean_v passive_a obedience_n it_o be_v as_o manifest_o false_a for_o i_o be_o bind_v to_o obey_v that_o be_v not_o to_o resist_v my_o prince_n when_o he_o offer_v the_o most_o unjust_a and_o illegal_a violence_n nay_o it_o be_v very_o false_a and_o absurd_a to_o say_v that_o every_o illegal_a be_v a_o inauthoritative_a act_n which_o carry_v no_o obligation_n with_o it_o this_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o all_o humane_a judicature_n and_o the_o daily_a experience_n of_o man_n who_o suffer_v in_o their_o life_n body_n or_o estate_n by_o a_o unjust_a and_o illegal_a sentence_n every_o judgement_n contrary_a to_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o law_n be_v in_o that_o sense_n illegal_a and_o yet_o such_o illegal_a judgement_n have_v their_o authority_n and_o obligation_n till_o they_o be_v rescind_v by_o some_o high_a authority_n this_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o appeal_n from_o inferior_a to_o superior_a court_n to_o rectify_v illegal_a proceed_n and_o reverse_v illegal_a judgement_n which_o suppose_v that_o such_o illegal_a act_n have_v authority_n till_o they_o be_v make_v null_n and_o void_a by_o a_o high_a power_n and_o if_o the_o high_a power_n from_o whence_o lie_v no_o appeal_n confirm_v and_o ratify_v a_o unjust_a and_o illegal_a sentence_n it_o carry_v so_o much_o authority_n and_o obligation_n with_o it_o that_o the_o injure_a person_n have_v no_o redress_n but_o must_v patient_o submit_v and_o thus_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v or_o there_o can_v be_v no_o end_n of_o dispute_n nor_o any_o order_n and_o government_n in_o humane_a society_n and_o this_o be_v a_o plain_a demonstration_n that_o though_o the_o law_n be_v the_o rule_n according_a to_o which_o prince_n ought_v to_o exercise_v their_o authority_n and_o power_n yet_o the_o authority_n be_v not_o in_o law_n but_o in_o person_n for_o otherwise_o why_o be_v not_o a_o sentence_n pronounce_v according_a to_o law_n by_o a_o private_a person_n of_o as_o much_o authority_n as_o a_o sentence_n
pronounce_v by_o a_o judge_n how_o do_v a_o illegal_a sentence_n pronounce_v by_o a_o judge_n come_v to_o have_v any_o authority_n for_o a_o sentence_n contrary_a to_o law_n can_v have_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n why_o be_v a_o legal_a or_o illegal_a sentence_n reversible_a and_o alterable_a when_o pronounce_v by_o one_o judge_n and_o irreversible_a and_o unalterable_a when_o pronounce_v by_o another_o for_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o and_o the_o sentence_n be_v the_o same_o either_o according_a to_o law_n or_o against_o it_o whoever_o the_o judge_n be_v but_o it_o seem_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o person_n be_v not_o the_o same_o and_o that_o make_v the_o difference_n so_o that_o there_o be_v a_o authority_n in_o person_n in_o some_o sense_n distinct_a from_o the_o authority_n of_o law_n nay_o superior_a to_o it_o for_o there_o be_v such_o a_o authority_n as_o though_o it_o can_v make_v a_o illegal_a act_n legal_a yet_o can_v and_o often_o do_v make_v a_o illegal_a act_n bind_v and_o obligatorie_n to_o the_o subject_n when_o pronounce_v by_o a_o competent_a judge_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o very_a authority_n be_v owe_v to_o the_o law_n which_o appoint_v judge_n and_o magistrate_n to_o decide_v controversy_n and_o order_n appeal_n from_o inferior_a to_o superior_a court_n i_o will_v only_o ask_v one_o short_a question_n whether_o the_o law_n give_v authority_n to_o any_o person_n to_o judge_v contrary_a to_o law_n if_o it_o do_v not_o than_o all_o illegal_a act_n be_v null_n and_o void_a and_o lay_v no_o obligation_n on_o the_o subject_a and_o yet_o this_o be_v manifest_o false_a according_a to_o the_o know_a practice_n of_o all_o the_o know_a government_n in_o the_o world_n the_o most_o illegal_a judgement_n be_v valid_a till_o it_o be_v reverse_v by_o some_o superior_a power_n and_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n though_o never_o so_o illegal_a can_v be_v repeal_v by_o no_o authority_n but_o its_o own_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o say_v that_o the_o law_n give_v any_o man_n authority_n to_o judge_n contrary_a to_o law_n for_o to_o be_v sure_a this_o be_v beside_o the_o end_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o law_n whence_o then_o do_v a_o illegal_a act_n or_o judgement_n derive_v its_o authority_n and_o obligation_n the_o answer_n be_v plain_a it_o be_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o person_n who_o act_n or_o judgement_n it_o be_v it_o will_v be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o this_o controversy_n to_o make_v this_o plain_a and_o obvious_a to_o every_o understanding_n which_o therefore_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o do_v as_o brief_o as_o may_v be_v 1._o then_o i_o observe_v that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o personal_a power_n and_o authority_n antecedent_n to_o all_o civil_a law_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o law_n without_o a_o lawmaker_n and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o lawmaker_n unless_o there_o be_v one_o or_o more_o person_n invest_v with_o the_o power_n of_o government_n of_o which_o make_v law_n be_v one_o branch_n for_o a_o law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o public_a and_o declare_a will_n and_o command_v of_o the_o lawmaker_n whether_o he_o be_v the_o sovereign_a prince_n or_o the_o people_n 2._o and_o hence_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n do_v not_o receive_v his_o authority_n from_o the_o law_n but_o law_n receive_v their_o authority_n from_o he_o we_o be_v often_o indeed_o mind_v of_o what_o bracton_n say_v lex_fw-la facit_fw-la regem_fw-la that_o the_o law_n make_v the_o king_n by_o which_o that_o great_a lawyer_n be_v far_o enough_o from_o understanding_n that_o the_o king_n receive_v his_o sovereign_a power_n from_o the_o law_n for_o the_o law_n have_v no_o authority_n nor_o can_v give_v any_o but_o what_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o king_n and_o than_o it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a riddle_n how_o the_o king_n shall_v receive_v his_o authority_n from_o the_o law_n but_o when_o he_o say_v the_o law_n make_v the_o king_n he_o distinguish_v a_o king_n from_o a_o tyrant_n and_o his_o meaning_n be_v that_o to_o govern_v by_o law_n make_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n a_o king_n as_o king_n signify_v a_o just_a and_o equal_a and_o beneficial_a power_n and_o authority_n as_o appear_v from_o the_o reason_n he_o give_v for_o it_o non_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la rex_fw-la ubi_fw-la dominatur_fw-la voluntas_fw-la &_o non_fw-la lex_fw-la he_o be_v no_o king_n who_o govern_v by_o arbitrarie_a will_n and_o not_o by_o law_n not_o that_o he_o be_v no_o sovereign_a prince_n but_o he_o be_v a_o tyrant_n and_o not_o a_o king_n 3._o and_o hence_o it_o evident_o follow_v that_o the_o be_v of_o sovereign_a power_n be_v independent_a on_o law_n that_o be_v as_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n do_v not_o receive_v his_o power_n from_o the_o law_n so_o shall_v he_o violate_v the_o law_n by_o which_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o govern_v yet_o he_o do_v not_o forfeit_v his_o power_n he_o break_v his_o faith_n to_o god_n and_o to_o his_o country_n but_o he_o be_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n still_o and_o this_o be_v in_o effect_n acknowledge_v by_o these_o man_n who_o so_o free_o confess_v that_o let_v a_o prince_n be_v what_o he_o will_v though_o he_o trample_v upon_o all_o law_n and_o exercise_v a_o arbitrarie_a and_o illegal_a authority_n yet_o his_o person_n be_v sacred_a and_o inviolable_a and_o irresistible_a he_o must_v not_o be_v touch_v nor_o oppose_v and_o allow_v that_o say_n of_o david_n to_o be_v scripture_n still_o who_o can_v stretch_v forth_o his_o hand_n against_o the_o lord_n be_v anoint_v and_o be_v guiltless_a now_o what_o be_v it_o that_o make_v the_o person_n of_o a_o king_n more_o inviolable_a and_o unaccountable_a than_o other_o man_n nothing_o that_o i_o know_v of_o but_o his_o sacred_a and_o inviolable_a authority_n and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v though_o he_o act_v against_o law_n yet_o he_o be_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n and_o the_o lord_n be_v anoint_v still_o or_o else_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o they_o may_v not_o destroy_v his_o person_n also_o and_o yet_o if_o nothing_o but_o a_o inviolable_a and_o unaccountable_a authority_n can_v make_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n inviolable_a and_o unaccountable_a i_o will_v glad_o know_v how_o it_o become_v lawful_a to_o resist_v his_o authority_n and_o unlawful_a to_o resist_v his_o person_n i_o will_v desire_v these_o man_n to_o tell_v i_o whether_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n signify_v the_o natural_a person_n or_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o king_n and_o if_o to_o divest_v he_o of_o his_o authority_n be_v to_o kill_v the_o king_n why_o they_o may_v not_o kill_v the_o man_n too_o when_o they_o have_v kill_v the_o king_n thus_o when_o man_n be_v force_v to_o mince_v treason_n and_o rebellion_n they_o always_o speak_v nonsense_n those_o indeed_o who_o resist_v the_o authority_n of_o their_o prince_n but_o spare_v his_o person_n do_v better_a than_o those_o who_o kill_v he_o but_o those_o who_o affirm_v that_o his_o person_n be_v as_o resistible_a and_o accountable_a as_o his_o authority_n speak_v more_o consistent_o with_o themselves_o and_o the_o principle_n of_o rebellion_n 4._o and_o hence_o i_o suppose_v it_o plain_o appear_v that_o every_o illegal_a act_n the_o king_n do_v be_v not_o a_o inauthoritative_a act_n but_o lay_v a_o obligation_n on_o subject_n to_o yield_v if_o not_o a_o active_a yet_o a_o passive_a obedience_n for_o the_o king_n receive_v not_o his_o sovereign_a authority_n from_o the_o law_n nor_o do_v he_o forfeit_v his_o authority_n by_o break_v the_o law_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n still_o and_o his_o most_o illegal_a act_n though_o they_o have_v not_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o they_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o sovereign_a power_n which_o be_v irresistible_a and_o unaccountable_a in_o a_o word_n it_o do_v not_o become_v any_o man_n who_o can_v think_v three_o consequence_n off_o to_o talk_v of_o the_o authority_n of_o law_n in_o derogation_n to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o sovereign_a power_n the_o sovereign_a power_n make_v the_o law_n and_o can_v repeal_v they_o and_o dispense_v with_o they_o and_o make_v new_a law_n the_o only_a power_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n be_v in_o the_o power_n which_o can_v make_v and_o execute_v law_n sovereign_a power_n be_v inseparable_a from_o the_o person_n of_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n and_o though_o the_o exercise_n of_o it_o may_v be_v regulate_v by_o law_n and_o that_o prince_n do_v very_o ill_a who_o have_v consent_v to_o such_o a_o regulation_n break_v the_o law_n yet_o when_o he_o act_v contrary_a to_o law_n such_o act_n carry_v sovereign_a and_o irresistible_a authority_n with_o they_o while_o he_o continue_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n but_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o convince_v all_o man_n how_o vain_a this_o pretence_n of_o law_n be_v to_o justify_v