last age ordained to be kept as authentick in answer to this objection And surely the learned Judges have ever been more properly the Interpreters of the arduous points of the Law then the Attorneys who have no such interest as the Judges have in making the Laws all men holding this for a maxime that Ejus est legem interpretaricujus est condere Now concerning this doubt which hath in late years been raised about exemption of the new Draperies and is of as new an invention as the Stuffs in question it may peradventure prove of little encouragement or advantage to the opposers if it be considered that where a doubt rests upon the Law the favour of interpretation doth ever incline to the advantage of the State till a Parliament come and make a final resolution which also is seldome determined by that grave Assembly to the prejudice of their Ancestors judgments who in a case of such gratitude did not probably intend in any measure to abridge their liberality to the King CHAP. III. An Answer to such as call the Aulnage a Monopoly THere are yet another sort of opposers who charge the office of the Aulnage with the ignominious Title of a Monopoly Surely Monopoly is and hath alwayes been a name of Scandal for it cannot subsist without injury to another and yet there is a glimmering of it in very worthy Societies For all order and government hath in it a sort of Majesty as is seen in Corporations and companies where they exercise uncontroulable power by vertue of their Statutes and scarcely any of them would bear the affront if their ancient Customes and Grants should be branded with the Title of Monopolizing yet their whole Societies do rather savour of a Monopoly than doth this Subsidy of Aulnage but we free them both though of the two the over-strict regulating of a Company carries with it the more resembling marks of a Monopoly As for the Aulnage it may be presumed that very few of those who terme it a Monopoly do know what a Monopoly is Monopoly is a Greek word and intends in all its interpretations the diversion of of a Commerce from its natural course into the hands of some few by which for their sole interest others are prejudiced This is the opinion of Althusius and other learned Civilians whereby it appears that one alone cannot be a Monopolizer though in some carriages of Trade one alone may bear the ignominy of an Ingrosser and so may raise the price of the commodity which he deals in yet others say that a Monopoly is a kind of Commerce in buying selling changing or bartering usurped by a few and sometimes onely by one person to his proper gain and to the detriment of other men But neither in this definition is this Subsidy a Monopoly for there is neither buying selling changing nor bartering in it but it is a free gift of the Common wealth to that King and his successours in this government Then which no Demise or Grant of Land let the consideration be what it will can be more firm in Law for herein no man is restrained or prohibited nor is any price imposed by the Statute Laws and these two are the onely supporters of a Monopoly And whereas from the beginning of this Grant the want of the Aulnageors seal is the forfeiture of that Cloth which is taken so defective in any Market Shop Ware-house Custome-house or Ship Now it is come to a further consideration and necessity for no forreigner will value that cloth which wants this seal because the seal ever containing a part of the Armes of England is by forreigners looked upon as a justification of the true making of the said cloth as indeed it ought to be and herein both a necessity of the office and a necessity of the due execution of the office is very apparent over and besides a necesfity of an exact collection of the States Revenue wherein the losses are less visible because the practice is continual By that which hath been said the world may see that this Subsidy stands clear from that charge of a Monopoly seeing it neither offends in equity by supplanting or undermining anothers freedom of equal rank and condition nor in utility by giving a particular price to the common interest for the Aulnageors private benefit without the proof of which particulars a Monopoly cannot subsist And we have this moreover to say That neither the Grand Assembly of Parliament nor the lesser Brotherhoods of Companies would conclude it to be worthy or just that future conventions shall brand their Acts with so ignominious a title as that of a Monopoly which being granted this Subsidy is out of danger for it hath the consent and fortification of more Acts of Parliament by hundreds then any temporal affair whatsoever And yet you may be pleased further to take an additional president both where and why the King hath of his own goodness forborne his Aulnage or Subsidy In some of the North parts of this Nation whilest clothing hath been in the infancy and where the substance was very course as as it were but for practice to future increase the King upon petition of the workmen hath for their better encouragement been pleased for a time to remit his Subsidy even upon such as they call old Draperies they allowing it to be chargeable with the said Subsidy but so as such manufactures have afterwards fallen into constant payment and do continue the same unto this day without any exception or once pleading the said favour of the King now to excuse them Take yet if you please a president of a forreign nature to this work There is in Dorset shire in that part which was the Forrest of Blackmore an Imposition upon all the Tenants called White Hart Money of as long a standing peradventure as this of the Aulnageors Subsidy though not of so worthy a foundation where the Land and Inhabitants upon it by way of punishment for killing the Kings White Hart have for divers hundreds of years paid and do notwithstanding the disafforesting the same still continue constantly to pay a yearly Tax which the State doth upon no condition remit or forbear to demand and receive And surely no man that is a Tenant there will endanger his Lease for want of paying this Tax yet it never was renewed if ever it was established by Parliament or had it been so grounded it could never have been called otherwise then a punishment and let all men judge if a punishment have as good right to charge the people as hath an act of their own grateful bounty But this particular of the equity of payment upon the new Draperies is come to such a height of opposition as peradventure it may not become this humble relation and as it were single opinion to wade too far in so troubled waters Therefore because the Aulnageors deputies are not alwayes men of that integrity in their places as is required we will
Travellers eye seemes to produce nothing towards so vast a maintenance of the body of that People yet are they in all parts of the world a warlike and honoured nation helpfull to all Princes in their Warres and readily upon occasion returning to the assistance of their brethren be their cause good or bad The Dutch are a numerous Nation daily multiplying in a Country which hath in comparison nothing of its own growth to support them either in food or clothing yet they want nothing either in necessaries or wealth because they are industrious what Creeke of the Seas do they leave unvisited And in Shipping are so stored as most parts of the world do love or feare them Now a great encrease of People rests upon the regulation of Trade for it is not the number of workemen but the number of good workmen which encreaseth Families and it is Families which encrease and spread good people the other for want of knowledge and Skill being fixed no where because their labours will not maintain themselves much lesse a family for who will use a workman who hath neither Skill nor Credit when he can employ one that hath both Of principall importance therefore is the regulation of Apprentiships both towards the best encrease of people and to the honest creditable and wealthy manufactures of woolls and especially of clothing for want of which not only the former denoted defaults are daily found in their works but good workmen are undersold and ruined by bad and the whole Nation involved in great dishonour therefore we will resort to the Reformations CHAP. XI Shewing the abuses of those Lawes whereby Clothing ought to be remedyed IUstice which all men cry up and few practice is a vertue both divine and humane Divine Justice is either from God to man wherein his Providence is his Justice by which he governeth the world or it is from man towards God and then it is Piety whereby he returnes to God praise and glory for his numberlesse blessings In Republiques Cities and Townes it is Equity the fruit whereof is Peace and Plenty In Domestique relatitions between man and wife it is unity and concord from Servants to Masters it is good-will and diligence from masters to servants it is humanity and gentlenesse and from a man towards his own body and soule it is health and happinesse There is none of all these relations but is necessary and important to the reformation of the abuses defaults deceptions and grievances committed upon clothing which in this discourse have been in some measure discovered and by which both God and man are justly provoked The justice we are to use to the reliefe of the complaints before exhibited is either distributive or commutative Justice distributive is to give each man according to his deserts whether it be honour or punishment and commutative justice is in bargaining bartering exchanging or in any transactions between man and man to keep promises covenants and contracts and for a man to behave himselfe as he would have others do unto him to receive the innocent into protection to represse and punish offenders without which common intercourse and humane society must necessarily be dissolved and for the preservation whereof amongst the ancient Fathers have not spared their own sonnes The Egyptian Kings to whom antiquity gives the priviledge of making Lawes did engage their Magistrates in an oath that in Iudicature they should resist any unjust Commands even from their Princes themselves The Graecians and Romans deified Iustice and would not violate it towards their enemies so just also were the Lacedemonians and so free from distrusting each other as even for the publique safety they used neither locks nor barres insomuch that one asking Archidamus who those Governours were which so justly happily and gloriously governed the Common wealth of Lacedemon answered that they were first the Lawes and afterwards the Magistrates executing those Lawes for Law is the rule of Justice and Justice is the end of the Law Rectum est index sui obliqui a right Line doth not onely justify it selfe but accuseth the crooked say the Mathematicians by which it may seeme that the ready way to rectify abuses about clothing were to compare them with the Rule of the Lawes provided for them which neverthelesse holds not in all points for instance the Law empowers the Merchants and Drapers to be their own Searchers and to punish the Clothiers purse as they find his works to be faulty and so they do to the no small griefe of the Clothier but cui bono For the retayling buyer is not hereby at all relieved the Draper selling to him those faults for which he was before paid by the Clothier the Merchants do the same by causing their Clothiers to bring their manufactures into the Merchants private Ware houses where their own servants are Judges who upon searching the Clothes do make and marke faults enough for which they have reparable abatements but themselves again do practice all fraudulent wayes they can to barter and exchange those faults away without giving any allowance for them and though sometimes they be detected yet find they means to save their purses whilest their Nation suffers in honour and the Lawes are vilified to Forreigners who stain the Justice of the Nation with weaknes and fraud true it is that in the Netherlands where their cunning is as piercing as their practise is common they even every buyer do search with diligence and make themselves reparations first to the Merchants great losse and so in course to the Clothiers no small dammage but in all this the State remains much dishonoured by the scandall and robb'd of those Fines which the Lawes in punishment do give to the publique Revenue which if they were rightly and legally attended would render a vast gain to the Common wealth As in diseases where the causes are mistaken the remedies are consequently misapplyed whereby a disease in supposition becomes one in fact so in the foregoing instance the remedies being misapplyed are themselves brought to be a disease almost incureable therefore though in finding out the causes why manufacture in clothing becomes so abused there may be good use of the Drapers Merchants knowledge and Skill yet the application of the remedy is a worke of State and Policy in making and executing the Lawes proportionably to the grievance in which instance it doth not hold for though the Merchants and Drapers be able Searchers of the abuses yet they are not competent reformers of the grievances because they are interessed in participating of those gaines which the faults occasion and intend Nor is this all the abuse for in such parts of the world as the buyers are not in ability of knowledge like the Dutch who make Cloths themselves and especially in those parts where the difference in Religion is so great as it is between Christians and Turks there the corrupt Merchant causeth the name of God to be blasphemed for when
THE Golden Fleece VVherein is related the Riches of English Wools in its Manufactures Together with The true Uses and the Abuses of the Aulnageors Measurers and Searchers Offices By W. S. Gent. Pecunia à Pecude Guic. Plin. lib. 33. Omnes veterum divitiae in re pecuniari â consistebant LONDON Printed by J. G. for Richard Lowndes at the white Lyon in S. Pauls Church-yard neere the Little North-doore 1657. A Preface to the Reader THere is neither House nor City nor Country nor the universall Being of Mankind nor the course of Nature nor the World it selfe which can subsist without Government saith Cicero in his Discourse upon Lawes which Government intends and includes these two Fundamentals or corner stones Povver and Obedience by which as the Regiment of every Common-wealth doth stand so the flourishing Trade of England under Societies and Companies doth manifest the same to the whole world Neverthelesse as in generall all men cry up Liberty so in particular each respective man desires that freedome gratis though it cannot be granted without those contributary services which maintain that Government The Seas exhale their Vapours to the Heavens from whence they descend in Showers upon the earth which being impregnated by their fertility doth gratefully dismisse them again to the Ocean Natures Store-house for the like coursary services Alterius sic altera poscit opem et conjurat amice The regulated government of Merchandice performeth all this by which it beautifies the Earth and Seas giving intercourse and combination supplies and riches to each industrious part of the world It procures Amities Leagues Confederacies Conjugall and Consanguinary Alliances between Princes and all by the necessary productions which one Nation wants of anothers abundance the purchase whereof to each others occasions nourisheth and beautifies each others People How then should not Merchants be of principall renowne to themselves and their Country which with great hazards both of person and estate they do so faithfully and profitably serve We have a Record which doth worthily recite the ingenious expressions of a young Florentine Gentleman called Cosimo Ruchelli who dying about the age of two and twenty years bewayled not his departure from his Kindred and Friends nor from the riches of his Family or pleasures of the world but because he was summoned by Death before he had done his Country that retributary service which to it was due for his Being or had gratified his Friends by reciprocall benefits for that they had bestowed upon him nourishment and education Another Author gives us a quite contrary opinion of one Theodorus who thought and taught it to be great injustice that a wise man should in any case hazard himselfe for the good or benefit of his Country which he said was to endanger his wisdome for Fooles now though each of these mens fancies had a rationall foundation upon their respective principles one to gratify and serve the world the other to despise and reject its vanities yet Natures positive doctrine to all her Children is Non nobis solum nati sumus God made the world in number weight and measure because he would have it so preserved and by that President he appointed man to govern both it and himselfe for as in Order there is beauty and continuance each part in its proportion so supporting another as with comlines it hath durance so in government amongst men that which we call Justice is in its distribution the glorious preservation of the whole which it intends to govern and that is Honeste vivere alterum non laedere suum cuique tribuere and this is the worke of every honest and wise man so it is to follow the primitive un-erring pattern of Number Weight and Measure which was observed by God himselfe Prima sapientiae pars est bene numerare saith Plato and well to number a mans dayes is the ready way to wisdome saith David both these were excellent Divines though not comparatives yet without numbers we cannot so distinguish but that Plato's heathen may claim as great esteeme as Davids heavenly wisdome this gives to one the most excelling finite and to the other the super-excellent infinite measure of his prudence one of them fulfilling the first of the morall and the other of the divine Vertues and from these the equality of measuring between men takes being and is the life-blood of Trade As without a common certainty of measure there can be no intercourse nor transaction of trade between men or Nations so in this of Clothing The glory of England there can be no indifferency rule or continuance without such an establishment of measure and proportion as may satisfy every man in his bargaining bartering buying or exchangeing In the following discourse will appeare a great deviaton from the determined rules of Justiice provided in this case and such a necessity of reformation as Clothing cannot be freed from open or underhand abuses without it nor can this peculiarised blessing of Woolls in its streames of Manufacture answer to the cleareness of the fountaine from whence it springs There are now a Trinity of officers relating to the regulation of Clothing all which were anciently comprised in the Vnity of one mans person these beare the distinct names of Searcher Measurer and Aulnageor which last though it be a tautologicall expression Aulnage and Measure being the same worke denoted in two languages yet the long vsage and custome have brought them to be distinct offices and that which anciently was called Aulnage from whence the Aulnageor takes his name who was no more but measurer in signification is now become Collector of the Subsidy granted to the State by many precise Laws in that case ordained still holding the name of Aulnageor because the collection of that Subsidy was by King Edward 3. committed to the charge of the Aulnageor and he neverthelesse not abridged of his measuring and searching till by his own wilfull neglect they became separated and that by distinct Lawes Insomuch as there is a peculiar Measurer who ought to know and allow the Assize of length and breadth to every Particular Cloth which is made in England and Wales And because the Subjects of this Land should not be abused their grave Senators in Parliaments have also established an office of searching whose Officer ought by his Seales judiciously and diligently affixed to denote the defaults and casuall abuses which each particular Cloth doth contain In the following discourse it will appeare that these offices were all of them under the cognizance of the Aulnageor until they shall be again restored unto his care and that he be as well under strict termes obliged as by competent Salaries enabled to see the duty discharged Clothing in England will be so farre short of recovering its pristine worth and honour as it will undoubtedly run utterly to decay through necessity the materials now forbiden to be transported under the penalty of life and limb must be licenced to
case is otherwise now even in these dayes when clothing hath extended over this Land almost into every corner when the great strength of the Nation in people lyes upon the severall relations to clothing when the greatest Customs and Revenue of the State arise from clothing when the largest negotiation of merchandises overspreading the world issueth from clothing when the mightiest power upon the Seas in Shipping growes from clothing when the formidable obligation in awing all forreign States rests upon clothing even now is the practice and trade of transporting its mateterialls become almost an open profession and were this presumption but as formerly the permissions grants and licenses were that is upon the worst wools onely the faults were the lesse but these mens trade consists of the best and finest wools combd into Iarsies presently fit for spinning and these are contrived into Bales as those of Drapery and entered into the Custome-houses and shipt as clothing and in all points so cunningly carryed as they are seldome discovered and never seized as the Statutes do strictly require All States and Common wealths are supported by two providentiall works that is Reward and Punishment for as no law can compell men to be corporally laborious or studious in knowledge of literature unlesse rewards be annex'd to all such compulsions so no providence can attend the preservation of profitable designes either in learning or trade unlesse punishments be enjoyned this opinion that profound Senator Cicero alledgeth from Solon one of the seven wise Graecians and the onely man of them which gave Lawes and this is the weake and frail estate of men and nations that unlesse they be as well encouraged in their endeavours as punished in their misdemeanours they will speedily become Libertines and ruine all Above three hundred yeares these works of clothing have been confined to this Nation and untill late yeares have been so preserved by the diligence of such officers as have been ordained and empowred carefully to see the manufactures kept under those rules which the Lawes have provided for their perfection amongst which it must be concluded that the materials were of especiall regard which as we have said are wools and Fullers earth and seeing this nation is by God peculiarised in the se blessings and through the vigilancy of its Monarchs safe guarded by Lawes that the native manufactures might not be undermined by the practises of forreigners their ancient providence exacts from the present age the same preservation that those particulars be not common to such as daily labour to supplant the very being of this so important trade the negligence whereof hath already brought the Scales to an equality of the Beame betweene England and Holland if rather the inclination tend not to their advantage Again we may be taught by their diligence who spare no attendance in overseeing and searching the true making of their manufactures giving therefore power and commissions to persons of more then ordinary worth amongst them whom they call Cure-masters which is Care-masters to whom every piece of worke of wools be the condition of it what it will is brought opened and surveighed from end to end where the enquiry is not slight or short but these officers do unpartially examine it through all the hands it hath passed even to the minglers of the wools which afterwards are carded then spunne so weaved scowr'd dyed strain'd row'd even from the first hand to the finishing of the Cloth and where they find a defect they make a default upon the cloth which first is recompensed by a Fine to the State for abusing the Lawes and afterwards remaines to admonish the buyer who thereby may guard his purse and in case the Clothier be abused by any of his before-recited work-folks he checques his dammage upon the true offender in his wages and all this is done to their own manufactures but when the busines concernes English clothing first they load the cloth with Imposts and Taxes contrary to the Law of nations and freedome of the merchant and afterwards are so rigorons in denoting faults upon it as they oftentimes bring a great part of the price into taxes and abatements The Premisses considered let any man be Judge whether that Nation ought to be helped with the wools and Fullers earth without which they cannot worke the exportation of which also is little lesse then Felony in punishment and of more dammage then ordinary Felonies in consideration and comparison of the crime neverthelesse there is nothing which is prohibited to passe from England more daily practised then these abuses yea they are rather oppressions and robberies of the greatest magnitude Nor is the transportation of these in their losse all the injury but when honest men well affected to the good of their Country do detect these Caterpillers of the Common-wealth who make so vast gaine as hath been denoted upon the materials so carefully prohibited when they do endeavour by due course of Law to make stoppage thereof and to have the offenders punished so many are the evasions such combinations and interest in the officers who ought to punish the offenders such favour have they in Courts of Iustice and deceptions in the returne of Writs and in generall such affronts and discouragements as the dearest lover of his Country or most interessed in Trade dares not attempt to prevent that mischief which his eyes behold to fall upon his nation or which his owne person feeles to pick his pocket CHAP. X. Concerning Apprentiships SUch is the pravity and weakness of mans nature as without industry art and discipline he remaines but the onely degree of Reason from a Beast For as after the Creation of the first man the worlds encrease and continuance of people hath by God himselfe been established by way of generation so the arts of men and polishings of nature came first from God to man by some singular inspirations to certain particular persons which afterwards continued amongst men by nourtrature education and discipline the fundamentals of which are superiority and inferiority power and obedience knowledge and ignorance now as the Iewes comprehended all the people of the world between themselves and Barbarians so all conditions of men are comprised between wise and ignorant this made Solomon say That the Foole shall be servant to the wise in heart Therefore men learn not of men as beasts do barely to obey but so to informe themselves as they may instruct them which come after whereby even the world it selfe subsisted and must continue that sort of youth being most miserable which wants education There be or ought to be in every parent two degrees of providence towards their children one to have them live the other to have them live well nature hath accomplished one and instruction must give the other which the Ancients and learned men call Discipline not onely the Church and People of God from the Primitive times have ordained this as a religious care but
those people whose eye and judgment gives them not so good information as doth their proofe and wearing do find themselves cheated in their garments they presently conclude that there is no feare of God in that place nor obedience to their Rulers for conscience which must assuredly procure much scandall to Christian Religion Now as Pliny observes as in the Front you have it that Pecunia dicitur à Pecude thereby bringing the originall of mony from sheep affirming that the ancient signature upon money was a sheep he also thereby shewes that merchandises were the cause of money and there being no greater merchandises then are from the sheep he makes it evident that there is nothing more requisite towards the enriching this nation whose peculiar blessing rests in sheep then strictly to hold the manufactures to the letter and rule provided for their just making and that the lawes be unpartially executed For Necessarium illud dicitur sine quo fieri non potest and it being apparent that this Nation cannot be rich without a constant utterance of clothing nor can that be done without a perfect reformation in the particulars of the works it doth undeniably follow that clothing must be purged from its corruptions or England must be poore It is therefore the Manufactors which abuse the woolls and thereby improvidently give advantage to the Dutch whereas a perfection in the making of Cloths in England will gainfully undersell the Hollander a Noble in a Pound sterling CHAP. XII Shewing how the Lawes are used to crosse and destroy each other about clothing BY that which hath been said it doth appear that there may be too much Law though there cannot be too much justice and where the Law abuseth justice that Common wealth is in a desperate condition England will be found in little better state if a short review be taken of some preceding passages for the Lawes are made to fight against themselves in that tedious cont roversie about the Aulnageors Subsidy for though there be none more authentique then such as establish that Imposition neverthelesse the litigations about the legality of this Subsidy and the opposition to the State revenue hath for some late yeares been carryed on with such heat as some innocent officers for doing their duty have been no lesse then ruined For which cause the deputies and subservient Aulnageors become very remisse in their office as well in selling their Seales by dozens to such as will buy them the inconvenience and losse whereof is formerly declared as by neglecting to survey and examine what clothes are Statutable or truly sealed Again the Farmers and sub-farmers of the Aulnage being through the troubling and interrupting their servants made unable to pay their Rents the Lessors to them ever premising a Clause in their Lease for re-entry upon non-payment of their covenanted Rent do presently upon default grant a new Lease to another man utterly unknown to the preceding Tenant by which promiscuous course there are divers Aulnageors for one and the same place at one and the same time whereof the Clothier soon getting knowledge by their exercising a double duty he payes to neither yet gets his Clothes sealed by such indirect meanes as is before declared in all which proceedings the Law is abused under pretences of legality As for the duty of searching the former powers granted by that Statute of quarto Iacobi to the Merchants and Drapers and the inconveniences thereupon denoted are enough to shew the Imperfections of that Statute to that use neverthelesse not onely the prejudice to the buyer and dishonour to the Nation are thereby as it were authorized but the losse to the State is not easily to be valued seeing that in that onely Country of the Netherlands the taxes or abatements for defects in Clothing have been by that State punished to the dammage of ten thousand pounds in one yeare what then must be the Income of the like abuses upon the whole clothing of England in those Fines which the Statutes give to the State all which are lost for want of legall searches where the faults being detected and marked upon the edges of the Clothes as the Statutes require all future buyers are satisfyed of their worth and the State secured of the revenue and that these faults cannot be few the Reader may be pleased to cast his eye over their works in mingling carding spinning weaving scowring milling rowing tentering and many other works wherein every one helps his Lawfull living by unlawfull practices True it is that the foresaid Statute of quarto Iacobi by the largenesse of it seemes to be an epitome of all the Statutes made in three hundred yeares before yet such are the insufficiencies and the incongruities of the commands and powers thereby established as the Subject and more especially Forreigners are rather grieved then relieved by it wherein the dishonour of the State and Nation is very great and apparent Now for the weight of Clothes so precisely commanded and by the Statute strictly enjoyned the Clothiers are herein generally abusive for whereas they were originally ordained to weigh sixty foure pounds a Cloth and afterwards by degrees came to fifty eight yet now for want of exact searching they hold themselves very obedient to the Law when their Clothes hold fifty six pounds a piece whereof more come short then over their generall answer being that they cannot cast their Clothes in a mould yet when they please they wil bring twenty Clothes together not differing from each others weight so much as a quarter of a pound in a Cloth so as indeed one may judge that they were cast in a mould which men could as well make them hold as neare to fifty eight pounds but herein lyes the Weavers chief practice of falshood for they will many times make them foure or six pound short of the Statutes established weight and then they find tricks with Stones Leaden weights and the like ponderous things to give them weight which upon the Aulnageors legall search may soon be discovered and seized Again the Law is by the Law crossed and abused even in those places where they pretend they have legall established Searchers first in their number there ought to be six or eight in a towne according to the capacity of the Corporation and clothing in it secondly those Searchers ought to give security of fourty pounds penalty at the least and to approve themselves men of knowledge wealth and integrity to the end the search may be throughly performed once in a month or oftner and they are by the Law furnished with power to carry their search through Warehouses Shops Ships or any other place which shall harbour any clothing or manufactures searchable the resistance or concealment whereof is put under strict and valuable penalty thirdly they are by the Sature appointed in their Search what faults to denote and what penalties to declare on each fault In performance of which Injunctions first out of