constitution according to which a King is made if he be in by election or succession he stands upon some positive Law or consent which amounts to a Law if he be in by conquest in a just War he stands upon the Law of Nature which saith that the captive must be subject to the victor There are also Laws of Administration according to which a King is to Govern his Subjects without the first Laws there can be no King rightly constituted to have Subjects united to him a people may be under a Tyrant but it is not united to him Without the second Laws there will be no rule of government no right administration of things in a Kingdom According to this distinction I shall lay down two things touching the Mediatory Kingdom of Christ The one is this The Law of constitution must needs be very righteous as being no less than the Decree and Ordinance of God himself he was made a King immediately by God his Kingdom was not as ordinary ones in part are an human creature but a pure Theocracy altogether of Divine Ordination I have set my King upon my holy hill of Zion saith God of Christ Psal 2.6 I have done it not man The Decree of Heaven was for it as the next verse tells us The Lord said unto my Lord that is the Father said to Christ sit thou at my right hand Psal 110.1 Dicere hîc est discernere To say here is to decree That Christ should sit in Royal state and Majesty he is a King meerly of Divine Ordination yet he enters upon his Kingdom by Conquest in the Belial heart of fallen man nothing is in a fit posture to receive this holy King The carnal mind is not subject to the Law of God neither indeed can be strong holds must be cast down thoughts must be captivated and wills must be overcome or else Christ cannot have a Kingdom Therefore he takes up his spiritual arms goes forth in the power of his spirit and word and subdues the minds and hearts of men to himself so he enters by conquest and that in a very just nay merciful war it being to rescue poor captive creatures and reduce them back again to their Creator but though he come in by conquest yet there is consensus populi his people are willing they own him as their King subject to his Scepter and give up themselves to his government Thus he hath a Title to his kingdom as good as a Divine ordination a just conquest and a free consent can make it The other is this the Law of Administration is righteous and gracious righteous in that which he commands his subjects to do gracious in that which he promises to do for them His Commands which call for faith humility holiness rightiousness meekness mercy temperance patience are as right as any thing can be they are the counterpanes of Gods heart the copies of that Divine Will which is Rectitude it self they perfect the humane nature and being practically embraced they set man in a true posture towards God himself and his fellow creatures His Promises in which he engages himself that the Believer shall be justified that the poor in spirit shall have the kingdom that the pure in heart shall see God that the righteous shall be compassed with Divine favour that the meek shall be beautified with salvation that the merciful shall obtain mercy that all his obedient subjects shall enter into Heaven and enjoy the blessed God there are exceeding gracious and true not one of them shall fail he hath will and power enough to make them all good this is the Administration The sum of all is Christ being a King by Divine Ordination entring by just conquest obtaining a free consent and administring his kingdom so admirably that nothing is in his government but meer rectitude and grace the union between him and his subjects bound together by such right and good Laws must needs be very excellent Here can be no reason to complain no colour of occasion to break off from such a King or to say What portion have we in David Here are no scruples about the Governors Title no unjust Laws to be repealed no grievous burdens to be removed no heavy yokes to be taken off not the least shadow of a male-administration to be found nothing is here to be seen but rectitude and goodness which must needs make the union very firm and stable 3dly The more intimate the union is and the more internal the bonds of it are the more excellent is the union Between an earthly King and his Subjects the bonds are external there are outward thrones and scepters outward pieces of state and majesty outward laws and proclamations the King looking on his Subjects may see the outward man but no further He may exact an outward conformity but cannot touch or move their hearts there is not one spirit between him and them but several which may easily run apart and in different ways But between Christ and his Subjects the bonds are internal his kingdom comes not with observation or outward splendor but in inward power and efficacy his Kingdom is within his Throne is in the heart his Laws are not only without in the Letter but inwardly ingraven in the hearts of his Subjects they are the very Epistles of Christ written not with ink but with the spirit of the living God not in tables of stone but in the fleshly tables of the heart 2 Cor. 3.3 Besides the outward literal Edition of the Law there is an inward spiritual one which answers thereunto this spiritual King can not only look into the hearts of his Subjects but touch and move them unto obedience he can so draw as to make them run after him it is his Royal Prerogative to rule wills and hearts his Subjects have the mind of their Lord nay the same holy Spirit which is in him is in them also to inspire a measure of holiness and obedience into them O! what a union is here and how full of mystery No King can rule after this sort neither could he himself unless he were God do so In a word his Kingdom and Laws being within his Subjects having the same mind and spirit with himself the union must needs be very intimate and excellent 4thly The greater the benefits of government are the more secure is the union a King resembling God in the doing of good acting like one given to the kingdom for a common blessing his vigilancy securing the repose of his Subjects his care procuring their quiet his study being for their good as his own his Subjects resting under his shadow and enjoying the sweet ends of a well-ordered Government the union in such a case must needs be very much confirmed I shall instance but in two benefits of Government Protection and Rewards As for Protection it is incomparable in the Kingdom of Christ no earthly Kings have such a foresight and care to protect as
overcome by them the Spirit which is in them is greater than he that is in the world they do duties as becomes them who live at so high a rate in a very lively vigorous manner the free Spirit stablishes and enlarges their hearts to run in the pure ways of holiness and obedience under crosses they do not murmur at the hand of God but in an holy silence subject to it the Spirit strengthens them unto all patience St. Paul glories in afflictions that the Power of Christ may rest upon him 2 Cor. 12.9 The Noble Potamenia being by the Persecutors threatned to be cast into a Vessel of burning Pitch begged of them That she might not be cast in all at once Spondan Annal. Anno. 310. but piece-meal that they might see how much patience the unknown Christ had given unto her The Reason of such acts of power and strength in Believers is because they live upon the Body and Blood of Christ and from thence have a Divine virtue and power to perform the same 2dly Christ as food is united unto believers there is a very close and intimate union between the food and the body and so there is between Christ and believers He that eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood dwelleth in me and I in him saith our Saviour vers 56. Eating here must not be taken properly an oral manducation is capernastical and indeed a very horrible thing to be imagined Hence St. Austin saith That the command of eating his flesh and drinking his blood seems to require an horrible wickedness and then concludes De Doctr. Christ lib. 3. c. 16. Figura ergo est a thing to be done in a spiritual way Hence Averroes the Philosopher said That if Christians devoured their God he would not have his soul to be with them It is a wonder to me that those who are called Christians should hold such an eating Nay that men on earth should orally eat the body of Christ in Heaven or that his glorified body should come into our earthly mouths and stomacks is to me a thing utterly impossible he is and must for ever remain in glory The eating therefore is a spiritual one done by faith though Christ be in Heaven faith flies up and apprehends him In 1 Cor. 10. Hom. 24. St. Chrysostom would have us be as Eagles and so fly to Heaven and then adds Where the carcass is there will the eagles be Christ our aliment is gone to Heaven and faith follows after him to draw life and virtue from him Faith doth spiritually participate of his body and blood and from thence doth derive a Divine power and strength into the soul As faith ascends up so the holy Spirit comes down upon believers which compleats the union between him and them They dwell in him and he in them as our Saviour speaks they dwell in him by faith and he in them by his Spirit There is a mutual indwelling a most near and intimate union between them The learned Grotius takes this mutual indwelling to be only amore mutuo by a mutual love Amans est ubi amat quod hic tribuitur manducationi id alibi tribuitur dilectioni 1 Joh. 4.16 The lover is where his love is What here is attriouted to eating that in another place is attributed to love He that dwelleth in love dwelleth in God and God in him But I take it there is a difference our union to Christ is first and more immediate and then in and through him we are united unto God It 's true God dwells in the sincere lovers but he dwells in them as in parts of Christ partakers of the atonement were they not such the spots of guilt and imperfection upon them would make the holy one wave dwelling in them Christ is united to us as aliment inlivening and strengthening us but God is not as such united to us though the fountain of life and virtue be in him yet are these derived down unto us in and through Christ of whose body and blood we do by faith participate We are saith Bishop Vsher by a mystical and supernatural union as truly conjoined with Christ as the meat and drink is with us when by the ordinary work of nature it is converted into our own substance 3ly Christ is food by way of eminency Food above all food other bread is comparatively but a shadow or meer figure but he is the true bread 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 living bread which makes men live for ever other bread comes but out of the earth but he is that bread which came down from Heaven The Son very God came down into our flesh and in it was broken upon a Cross that his body and blood might become bread for us He hath saith Bishop Vsher by his death made his flesh broken Incarnat fol. 52. and his blood poured out for us upon the Cross to be fit food for the spiritual nourishment of our souls and the very well-spring from whence by the power of his Godhead all life and grace is derived unto us Thus that excellent man Other food being inferior to the body is changed into our substance but Christ the spiritual food being infinitely more excellent than our souls turns believers who feed upon him into his own likeness Christs blood may be read in their serene consciences his death may be seen in their continual mortifications his Spirit shews it self in their holy graces as they live at an higher rate so they live in a more divine manner than other men Their humility meekness love zeal obedience patience tell us that they live upon him who turns the eater into himself the eater so participates of him as to be assimilated to him Thus much touching the resemblances of the Mystical union I shall now draw out fome Conclusions from them because as is before noted the Analogy between the Mystical union and the earthly patterns serves if genuinely taken not only for illustration but for very good proof 1. The union between Christ and believers is not meerly a Political one such as is between a King and his Subjects It 's true Christ is a King believers are his subjects there are Laws of constitution which make him a King over them and Laws of administration according to which he governs them yet the union between him and them is not meerly Political To make this appear I offer these things The manner of his Kingdom is considerable were his Kingdom such only as earthly ones are there might be some colour to say That the union is only Political But his Kingdom is not of this world Joh. 18.36 It is not mundanae indolis of an earthly but of an heavenly nature Eusebius Hist 13. When the kindred of our Saviour were asked touching his Kingdom they answered Domitian That it was not Earthly but Coelestial It cometh not in outward pomp and glory but in inward efficacy It stands not meerly without in Laws and Ordinances but
this Believers are united to him who is God-man In some of them there is union without vital influence in this there is union with it in others of them there is an influence but it is only of a natural life and that only while a local conjunction between the things united is maintained But in this there is an influence of a spiritual and Divine life and this notwithstanding that the local distance between Christ and Believers be as vast as it is between Heaven and Earth In them there is nothing but plain Law or Love or Art or Nature but in this there is a secret a mystery of grace an admirable conjunction of Believers to Christ and by him to the Father I conclude with the excellent words of Zanchy De tribus Elok lib. 4. fol. 180. Hoc est mirabile hujusce unitatis mysterium quae constat Deo Patre Christo Mediatore Ecclesiâ vinculo Spiritûs Sancti cum Christo cum Patre conjuncta This is the admirable mystery of this Union which is made up of God the Father Christ the Mediator and the Church by the bond of the holy Spirit with Christ and with the Father conjoined These two things being laid down which are to be observed in all the after discourse touching these resemblances I proceed to consider the resemblances in particular in which much profitable matter will offer it self to us First The Union between Christ and Believers is set forth by that which is between a King and his Subject In government the humane instinct is gratified in society and a multitude is reduced to unity a King and his Subjects become politically one he protects them they are under his shadow he governs them they are in subjection to him protection as the Lawyers speak draws subjection and subjection draws protection His royal care over them is returned in their reverence towards him and their reverence towards him falls down upon themselves in the benefits of government Ar. Eth. lib. 5. c. 6. he is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the keeper of right for them and they render him the honour due to his greatness Thus they are knit together for that common good which is the great center of Government In like manner Christ is King and Believers are his Subjects His Kingdom as it imports power is over all creatures but as it imports union it is only over Believers Tyrants saith the Philosopher rule over men against their wills but Kings rule over the willing The Emperor Justinus plainly told the great oppressors Spondan Ann. Anno. 568. Ego contumacibus imperare nolo I will not rule over the disobedient Our Lord Christ doth not own rebellious sinners while such as Subjects but look upon them as enemies Believers only are his Subjects he is their great Protector they are under the wings of his grace and power he rules and governs them they are obedient to him his care is over them their obedience is towards him he maintains their right they render him the honour of his government Thus they are knit together to promote the glory of Christ and the salvation of Believers It 's true in this resemblance the meer Analogy proves no more than a political Union but the excellency of that union which is between the spiritual King and Believers shews forth a mystery For the explaining of this I shall lay down several particulars 1st The more worthy and near in blood the persons united in government are the more excellent is the union David was an excellent one worth Ten thousand others those over whom he reigned were Gods own peculiar people the nearness was such that the people told him Behold we are thy bone and thy flesh 2 Sam. 5.1 In these circumstances the union between David and his people could not but be a very excellent one much more excellent is that between Christ and his Subjects what an one is He how admirably accomplished for government he is higher than the Kings of the earth it was not a little material oyl but the Holy Ghost which anointed him to his office His wisdom is incomparable no secret is hid from his eyes Solomon's large heart was but a little thing to the vast treasures of wisdom and knowledg in him His Wisdom is as much above a meer mans as the Fathers bosom from whence he came is above mans heart His power is exceeding great he can do every thing earthly Princes set upon their thrones here below he sits above at the right hand of Power Ahasuerus had power over an Hundred and seven and twenty Provinces but he hath all the power in Heaven and Earth None is so able to save to the uttermost as he his goodness and mercy are beyond parallel His Divine bowels were up very early in a design of grace towards fallen man his humane compassions far transcend all those in the creature Nay further he himself would suffer being tempted that he might have an experimental fitness to succour the tempted His clemency is such that he is very tender over those infirm ones who are as the bruised reed and have grace in desire only His justice is very illustrious he reigns in righteousness he doth nothing but what is right truth may as soon lie and rectitude it self decline as there can be any blot or jeofail in his goverment Such a King is Christ And what are his Subjects They are no common people but excellent ones their pure heart hath a kind of Oracle in it the secret of the Lord is with them they are wise in the greatest concernments strong in the hardest duties their hearts are melted in acts of love towards God and man their hands are ever doing that which is just and right and the reason of all is because some of the holy unction which anointed their Lord falls down upon them and puts a glory on them Such are the Subjects And what is the nearness between the King and them On the one hand he though the Son of God came down from Heaven and became partaker of flesh and blood with them on the the other they though naturally but the sons of fallen Adam became through grace the seed of Christ himself his blood runs in their consciences his Divine Spirit breathes in them his holy image appears in their hearts and lives the Subjects are all Sons and resemble their Governor Here is not a single relation but one relation upon another this is the nearness The result is this he being so incomparable a King they being such excellent Subjects the nearness between them being so great the union must needs be a very choice one Who would now live under the power of sin and not much rather join himself to the blessed kingdom A better Ruler or Society then there cannot be found 2dly The more right the Laws and Administrations of a Kingdom are the better is the Union There are two sorts of Laws there are Laws of
it is within in the very hearts and consciences of men He makes a willing people he inspires obedience into his subjects His own Unction doth in some measure fall down upon them Earthly Kings who yet are Politically unite to their subjects cannot rule after this sort or do any thing like it Hence it is clear that if there had been no other resemblance of the union between Christ and believers but that of a Kingdom only yet that union would not have been meerly Political because his Kingdom is what others are not spiritual and of internal efficacy In Scripture our union with Christ is not only set forth by the resemblance of a Kingdom but by many other none of which are or can be thought to be in vain all of them have their significancy and that to different purposes The conjugal union imports love the architectonical one shews supportation that of the Vine and the Head speak vital influence that of food expresses a very intimate conjunction These fignificancies are not forced or strained but natural and genuine such as run into our minds at the first sight The holy Scripture the best interpreter of its own resemblances assures us that they are used to this very end and intent that we might firmly believe that those things which are genuinely in the outward patterns are really and after an eminent manner in Christ He is an Husband for his dearest Love Ephes 5.25 a foundation for his never failing support to his Church Mat. 16.18 a Vine and an Head for his vital influence Joh. 15.4 5. Ephes 4.16 aliment for his near and intimate conjunction with believers Joh. 6.56 Such is the natural tendency of these resemblances such is the interpretation of them in Scripture but now if our union with Christ be meerly Political how can these things stand what tolerable account can be given of them It is certain that nothing in all the lower world is so apt and proper to declare that union as meerly Political as the resemblance of a Kingdom nothing is so significant and fully expressive of it as that when therefore the Holy Ghost had set it forth by a Kingdom why did not he stay his hand and rest in that resemblance why would he go on and set it forth by the love of Espousals by a building cemented to its foundation by the incision of branches into a root by the copulation of members to a vital head by the incorporation of food with the body What analogy is there in an union meerly Political to these things Which way shall the Scriptural interpretation of them be maintained a Political union cannot do it Were our union with Christ no more than so these resemblances would not be apt or true to say that Christ is an husband a foundation a root or head or incorporated food that is a Political King is not apt or true but very odd and strange because in Christ as a meer Political King there is nothing that answers to the proper genuine import of these resemblances in such a case the Holy Ghost which is blasphemy to imagine would seem to speak very unfitly nay and delusively as if he would have us believe that to be in Christ which is indeed not in him surely it becomes us much rather to conclude That our union with Christ is not meerly Political but such as bears a fit and just correspondence to all the patterns and resemblances of it in Scripture Such as the bonds of union are such is the union a meer Political union hath bonds of the same nature a spiritual union hath suitable ligatures in our union with Christ the primary bond is the holy spirit Hereby know we that we dwell in him and he in us because he hath given us of his spirit 1 Joh. 4.13 in Christs Kingdom it is the Spirit which makes a willing people such as subject themselves to him In the supernatural marriage believers who are joined to Christ become one spirit in the spiritual edifice the living stones are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit In the heavenly Vine the Spirit is the juice which makes the branches fruitful in good works in the Mystical Head the Spirit is unction which falls down upon the members and communicates sense and motion to them In the divine aliment it is the Spirit which quickneth the eater and transforms him into the holy Image of Christ the Spirit is the primary ligature in our union with him that union therefore is not meerly Political but Spiritual A meer Political union is made and continued by some outward Law Policy is the Eutaxy or good order of a common society Multitudes in government conspire into unity the bond of conjunction is Law Hence the Law is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the soul of a City without it all the parts and members of the body-politick sink and dissolve into meer confusion but to the making and continuance of our union with Christ internal influences are requisite Faith the great unitive grace is not produced by a meer proposal of the object but by a Divine efficacy there must be inward teachings and tractions to make men come and close with Christ in like manner other graces which make the believer bear the image and resemblance of Christ are by the Spirit drawn and engraven in the heart Hence they are called the fruits of the Spirit When these graces are produced they are still but creatures and depend upon their original the continual spirations of the Spirit bear them up in being in all respects there is a necessity of internal influences Hence it appears that our union with Christ is more than a Political one were it no more than so the outward Law might have sufficed that first and rudest draught of Pelagianism which made grace to consist only in libero arbitrio lege in free-will which is a thing natural and in the Law which is a thing Political might have been a truth St. Austin at large disputes against it and tells us that God operates in the hearts of men De Grat. Christi c. 24. Non lege atque doctrinâ insonante foria secùs sed internâ atque occultâ mirabili ac ineffabili potestate not only by Law and Doctrine sounding without but by an internal and occult wonderful and ineffable power yet if the meer Law might have sufficed there had been no necessity of internal operations the Pelagian heresie might have passed for a very truth As therefore we would avoid this great error we must confess that our union with Christ is more than a Political one 2dly The union between Christ and Believers is not meerly a Moral one such as consists in a reciprocal Love in an harmony of Wills and confederacy of Affections Very true it is that there is a very great Union of Love between Christ and Believers All the Loves and Friendships in the world are but Pictures and little Images
could make it It s satisfactory and meritorious blood did operate before it was shed upon the account of it Pardons and the Holy Spirit were communicated unto the ancient believers That presence which made them capable of the bonds of union made them capable of the union it self There is a difference between the natural body and the mystical in the natural body the members are simultaneous but in the mystical one they are successive Some members are before others yet they are all but one body some were before Christ incarnate yet were they united unto him as their Head St. Austin elegantly sets forth this from Jacob whose hand came out first and then his head De Catech. rud cap. 3. and 19. in Psal 61. Manus a capite praemitti potest connexio tamen ejus sub capite est the hand may be first sent forth by the head yet is it united to the head all the ancient Saints were but as it were manus Christi the hand of Christ though they came forth before he the Head came in the flesh yet they were united to him and had a virtue and Divine Spirit from him though they were first in time yet he was first in dignity and power Had these not been members of him there would have been after the fall some holy flesh not in conjunction with him which to imagine is to render him useless as if the forfeited sanctity in man might have been recovered without him The sum of all is this That Union which no distance of place or time can break or dissolve must needs have a great deal of mystery in it 7thly The Union between Christ and Believers is lasting and durable were it not so very black consequences must needs ensue There might possibly be no Church at all that Article of our Creed which concerns the Holy Catholick Church and the Communion of Saints might cease and become no object of Faith the death of Christ might be in vain his precious sufferings might be without fruit the great Promises as well those which are made to Christ touching a seed as those which are made to Christians touching perseverance might utterly fail and come to nothing These are very momentous things yet passing them over it will suffice to consider what a King Husband Foundation Vine Head Food Christ is the excellency of him above all the earthly patterns will evidently prove the perpetuity of this Union He is such a King as never was his Kingdom stands upon foundations that cannot be shaken Earthly kingdoms may be dissolved by a defection of Subjects the Prince cannot command their minds and wills the outward Thrones and Laws may be too weak to keep them in due order a jealousie of yokes and burdens may blow the coal a fancy of being better under a change may kindle a fatal Rebellion 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the present Government is ever grievous But it is not thus in Christs Kingdom his Subjects never fall off he inspires obedience into their wills and hearts his Throne and Law are within there are no blots or errata's in his government all is meer rectitude and Grace they cannot be better than under him in such circumstances no room is left for a revolt The kingdoms of this world may be broken by a foreign invasion one earthly power may eat up another the great Empire rowl'd about from the Chaldean to the Persian from thence to the Grecian from thence to the Roman but in the Kingdom of Christ it is not so his Kingdom shall not be left to other people Dan. 2.44 No invasion can be upon him who hath all the power in Heaven and Earth he sits at Gods right hand till his enemies be made his footstool Psal 110.1 till Sin Satan the World Death Hell be subdued under him no foreign power therefore can overturn his Kingdom who is universal Conqueror Earthly kingdoms have their periods there is a mene wrote upon each of them the Gold Silver Brass Iron Clay in the great Image must at last be all broken to pieces and become like the chaff of the Summer threshing-floor Dan. 2.35 But it is not so with Christ his Throne is as the Sun and as the faithful witness in Heaven Psal 89.36 37. Of his Kingdom there is no end Luke 1.33 It is a thing of perpetuity But if his Subjects might fall off where what would his Kingdom be A Kingdom without Subjects is but an umbra a meer shadow It may be therefore noted that in that 89th Psalm there is not only a Throne continuing but a seed enduring for ever And in that first of St. Luke there is not only an endless Kingdom but an House of Jacob a Church for him to regin over for ever without this his Kingdom would soon be at an end for want of Subjects If then his Kingdom be as it is perpetual then there must needs be a continuance of Subjects under him He is such an Husband as never was his conjunction with his Spouse is never dissolved the earthly marriage may be dissolved by Adultery but in the spiritual Marriage between Christ and Believers no such thing falls out truth and faithfulness are found on all hands he will never forsake them they will not forsake him his fear in their heart keeps them from a departure his love is towards them their love is towards him if it cool or slack his love which is the fountain and first mover will come and inflame theirs afresh nay there is not only love or a likeness of temper between them but they are so joined to him as to be one spirit two spirits may vary and go different ways but one spirit must needs keep them together here is no room for spiritual fornication or departure from Christ Further Death parts man and wife but not Christ and Believers he died but it was that he might purchase a Church that a Spouse might come out of his bleeding side they dye but their death is a sleep in Jesus their union to him continues in Death there is a separation of body and soul but as in Christ it did not break the hypostatical union so in Christians it doth not break the mystical one his body in the grave was not separate from his Divine person their bodies there are not separate from Christ the Head his Spirit will not leave them in the dust but raise them up to a glorious life as a sure token that they are in conjunction with him The perpetuity of this conjunction is excellently set forth by the Prophet I will betroth thee unto me for ever yea I will betroth thee unto me in righteousness and in judgment and in loving-kindness and in mercies I will even betroth thee unto me in faithfulness and thou shalt know the Lord Hos 2.19 20. In this famous Text which as I take it respects the spiritual Marriage between Christ and the Church two or three things may be noted Here we have