or_o the_o like_a unnatural_a at_o the_o least_o and_o far_o fetch_v if_o not_o violent_o force_v for_o first_o admitting_z kind_a to_o signify_v a_o malechild_n in_o the_o dutch_a or_o belgic_a tongue_n as_o it_o do_v not_o more_o than_o a_o female_a be_v a_o word_n common_a to_o child_n of_o either_o sex_n knecht_n indeed_o with_o they_o as_o cniht_v with_o our_o ancestor_n the_o english-saxons_a be_v of_o that_o knecht_n signification_n yet_o be_v not_o this_o kind_n of_o land_n so_o restrain_v in_o point_n of_o descent_n only_o to_o the_o male_n but_o that_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o land_n descendible_a at_o the_o common_a law_n the_o female_n in_o their_o default_n that_o be_v where_o the_o male_n be_v want_v be_v capable_a of_o succession_n to_o it_o and_o in_o the_o same_o way_n of_o partition_n with_o the_o male_n nay_o be_v any_o of_o the_o son_n dead_a in_o the_o father_n life_n time_n leave_v a_o daughter_n behind_o he_o such_o daughter_n shall_v divide_v with_o her_o uncle_n in_o this_o 547._o land_n what_o then_o shall_v we_o admit_v kind_a to_o signify_v the_o issue_n be_v it_o male_n or_o female_a as_o indeed_o it_o do_v either_o come_v of_o the_o saxon_a or_o old_a english_a cennan_n or_o vocâ—_n cennian_n parere_fw-la to_o bring_v forth_o whence_o with_o they_o the_o word_n or_o participle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o first-begotten_a or_o first-born_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o only_o beget_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d terrigena_fw-la one_o that_o be_v bear_v or_o breed_v of_o the_o earth_n yet_o be_v not_o this_o land_n so_o tie_v to_o the_o issue_n but_o that_o in_o default_n thereof_o i._n e._n where_o that_o be_v want_v such_o as_o be_v in_o the_o transversal_a or_o collateral_a line_n as_o in_o other_o land_n descendible_a at_o the_o common_a law_n may_v and_o do_v inherit_v it_o as_o for_o instance_n when_o one_o brother_n die_v without_o issue_n all_o the_o other_o brethren_n may_v and_o do_v inherit_v as_o do_v their_o respective_a issue_n too_o in_o case_n of_o their_o default_n jure_fw-la repraesentationis_fw-la but_o with_o this_o restriction_n in_o the_o nephew_n case_n succeed_v with_o their_o uncle_n viz._n that_o the_o descent_n be_v then_o in_o stirpes_fw-la not_o in_o capita_fw-la nevertheless_o it_o go_v not_o as_o the_o irish_a 49._o gavelkynd_n to_o all_o the_o male_n of_o the_o same_o lineage_n for_o in_o this_o as_o in_o other_o inheritance_n propinquior_fw-la excludit_fw-la a._n propinquum_fw-la nor_o yet_o neither_o to_o all_o the_o next_o in_o one_o line_n of_o kindred_n as_o they_o pretend_v that_o be_v for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d take_v cyn_n to_o signify_v kindred_n as_o indeed_o it_o do_v for_o then_o brother_n and_o sister_n both_o be_v alike_o near_o in_o degree_n shall_v equal_o inherit_v a_o thing_n it_o seem_v allow_v by_o the_o old_a german_a custom_n witness_v what_o we_o have_v from_o germanor_n tacitus_n haeredes_fw-la successoresque_fw-la svi_fw-la cuique_fw-la liberi_fw-la etc._n etc._n not_o restrain_v the_o succession_n to_o the_o male_a issue_n as_o neither_o do_v the_o divid_fw-la civil_a law_n whereas_o we_o know_v that_o as_o by_o the_o hoâ—om_n feudal_n custom_n abroad_o where_o male_n be_v the_o female_n be_v exclude_v from_o succession_n so_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o a._n england_n woman_n or_o female_n shall_v not_o partake_v with_o male_n according_a to_o that_o rule_n lay_v down_o in_o the_o statute_n call_v praerogativa_fw-la regis_fw-la cap._n 16._o foeminae_fw-la non_fw-la participabunt_fw-la cum_fw-la masculis_fw-la which_o by_o the_o way_n be_v understand_v only_o of_o such_o as_o be_v in_o equal_a degree_n but_o do_v â—yn_v or_o kind_n here_o intend_v and_o denote_v a_o man_n issue_n the_o gavelkynder_n child_n what_o may_v we_o say_v then_o to_o a_o conveyance_n of_o land_n in_o gavelkynd_n to_o a_o guild_n or_o corporation_n aggregate_v of_o many_o suppose_v a_o hospital_n as_o a_o instance_n of_o that_o nature_n shall_v be_v produce_v 9_o by_o and_o by_o they_o be_v a_o dead_a hand_n how_o then_o be_v the_o etymology_n in_o that_o case_n justify_v where_o be_v the_o kind_n the_o party_n issue_n here_o to_o make_v good_a the_o derivation_n but_o since_o by_o occasion_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o such_o a_o gift_n or_o conveyance_n to_o stranger_n from_o the_o proper_a issue_n or_o heir_n let_v i_o thus_o far_o further_o add_v that_o in_o case_n it_o be_v call_v gavelkynd_n from_o debitum_fw-la vel_fw-la tributum_fw-la soboli_fw-la i._n e._n due_a or_o give_v to_o the_o issue_n as_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n how_o come_v it_o then_o to_o pass_v that_o as_o before_o the_o statute_n of_o will_n gavelkynd_n land_n might_n by_o deed_n or_o other_o lawful_a conveyance_n and_o that_o dominâ—_n in_o this_o case_n inconsulto_fw-la and_o invito_fw-la too_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o what_o with_o the_o feudist_n be_v proper_o term_v 341._o feâ—_n be_v free_o give_v or_o sell_v away_o from_o the_o heir_n by_o the_o custom_n to_o a_o mere_a stranger_n contrary_a to_o the_o old_a common_a law_n of_o 1._o england_n except_o in_o some_o few_o case_n as_o in_o frankalmoigne_n or_o in_o marriage_n with_o a_o man_n daughter_n a_o reasonable_a part_n may_v be_v give_v with_o some_o limitation_n and_o distinction_n between_o land_n of_o inheritance_n and_o purchase_n as_o now_o since_o the_o statute_n of_o will_n if_o not_o before_o as_o some_o of_o late_o seek_v to_o persuade_v we_o a_o matter_n which_o i_o shall_v reserve_v proposition_n alâ—iori_fw-la indagini_fw-la it_o may_v be_v and_o daily_o be_v by_o devise_n of_o will_n and_o testament_n how_o be_v the_o next_o heir_n right_a to_o this_o land_n preserve_v when_o there_o be_v that_o freedom_n of_o give_v or_o devise_v it_o away_o or_o how_o can_v this_o liberty_n &_o that_o etymology_n consist_v yet_o further_o do_v not_o mr._n lambard_n somewhere_o 544_o say_v that_o no_o gavelkynd_n partition_n can_v be_v challenge_v but_o only_o where_o the_o custom_n of_o division_n have_v prevail_v and_o that_o gavelkynd_n be_v not_o try_v by_o the_o manner_n of_o socage-service_n but_o only_o by_o the_o touch_n of_o some_o former_a partition_n if_o â—o_o no_o land_n then_o can_v proper_o be_v call_v gavelkynd_n wherein_o this_o custom_n of_o partition_n have_v not_o yet_o obtain_v what_o shall_v then_o be_v think_v of_o those_o new_a create_a tenor_n in_o gavelkynd_n whereof_o until_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la example_n be_v very_o obvious_a and_o frequent_a in_o the_o old_a record_n both_o of_o the_o cathedral_n at_o canterbury_n and_o of_o the_o neighbour_n abbey_n of_o st._n augustine_n and_o elsewhere_o afford_v many_o ancient_a grant_n of_o land_n in_o gavelkynd_n to_o what_o original_n shall_v the_o name_n there_o be_v refer_v to_o any_o customable_a partition_n nothing_o less_o for_o where_o can_v that_o be_v find_v in_o gavelkynd-land_n of_o novel_a tenure_n for_o want_v of_o that_o competency_n of_o precursory_a time_n of_o they_o necessary_o presuppose_v to_o frame_v the_o custom_n in_o who_o conceive_v the_o name_n take_v from_o such_o accustomable_a partition_n moreover_o if_o partition_n be_v the_o thing_n that_o give_v name_n to_o gavelkynd_n then_o shall_v all_o partible_a land_n wheresoever_o be_v so_o call_v but_o there_o be_v in_o part_n abroad_o out_o of_o kent_n partible_a land_n not_o call_v gavelkynd_n ergo_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o the_o assumption_n see_v the_o stat._n 32._o hen._n 8._o cap._n 29._o purposely_o make_v to_o change_v the_o customary_a descent_n of_o the_o land_n of_o osweldbeck_n soak_v or_o lordship_n in_o nottinghamshire_n and_o what_o do_v a._n bracton_n intimate_v less_o in_o his_o sicut_fw-la de_fw-la gavelkynd_n vel_fw-la alibi_fw-la ubi_fw-la terra_fw-la â—st_fw-la partibbilis_fw-la ratione_fw-la terrae_fw-la add_v hereunto_o that_o the_o word_n as_o to_o the_o main_a part_n of_o it_o gavel_n frequent_o occur_v in_o the_o old_a record_n of_o some_o manor_n out_o of_o kent_n sometime_o simple_o but_o for_o the_o most_o in_o composition_n for_o example_n gavel-erth_a gavelate_v gavellond_n gavel-man_n gavelswine_n gavelwood_n gavelrod_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o more_o anon_o and_o shall_v the_o same_o thing_n contrary_a to_o that_o rule_n of_o law_n â—_o 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la permutatione_n diverso_fw-la jure_fw-la censeri_fw-la for_o i_o suppose_v none_o will_v render_v it_o there_o be_v out_o of_o kent_n and_o where_o no_o gavelkynd_n partition_n take_v place_n gifeeal_n nor_o will_n this_o derivation_n any_o better_a stand_n with_o gavel_n where_o it_o help_v to_o the_o composition_n of_o some_o word_n here_o use_v in_o kent_n in_o former_a time_n at_o least_o beside_o that_o of_o gavelkynd_n such_o as_o be_v all_o or_o most_o part_n of_o those_o afore-remembred_n to_o which_o i_o may_v add_v gavel-rip_a gavel-ote_a gavels_a gavelbred_n gavel-bord_n gavel-timber_n gavel-corn_n
1647._o ja._n armachanus_fw-la a_o table_n or_o index_n of_o the_o principal_a content_n a._n aehte_v what_o p._n 84_o agium_fw-la in_o the_o termination_n of_o word_n what_o signify_v p._n 137_o akerland_n what_o p._n 117_o allodiarii_n p._n 123_o allodium_fw-la the_o same_o with_o bocland_n p._n 88_o 110._o the_o word_n derive_v p._n 105._o more_o proper_o in_o england_n since_o the_o conquest_n p._n 126._o proper_a only_a to_o the_o king_n to_o grant_v p._n 126_o almesland_n what_o p._n 119_o assize_n of_o mortdancester_n where_o it_o lie_v p._n 152_o 157_o averbred_n what_o p._n 25_o aver-land_n what_o p._n 116_o avermannus_n p._n 116_o b._n bedrip_a what_o p._n 17_o benebred_n what_o p._n 17_o beneficium_fw-la of_o same_o signification_n ancient_o that_o feudum_n of_o latter_a time_n p._n 10â—_o benerth_n what_o p._n 18_o benrip_a what_o p._n 17_o bere-gafol_a what_o p._n 29_o ber-land_n what_o p._n 118_o bermannus_n what_o p._n 118_o bians_n what_o p._n 18_o black-maile_n what_o p._n 34_o black-rent_n what_o p._n 34_o blank-ferme_a what_o p._n 34_o bocland_n what_o p._n 84._o whence_o so_o call_v p._n 112._o how_o various_o denominate_v p._n 121_o whether_o ancient_o deviseable_a p._n 89._o whether_o otherwise_o alienable_a p._n 87_o 88_o the_o same_o with_o allodium_fw-la p._n 8_o 110._o retain_v after_o the_o conquest_n p._n 120_o bordarii_n p._n 118_o bord-land_n what_o p._n 114_o 118_o bordmanni_n p._n 118_o burghyard_n what_o p._n 22_o 189_o bydel_n what_o and_o whence_o derive_v p._n 20_o c._n mr._n cambdens_n derivation_n of_o gavelkynd_n p._n 3_o carropera_fw-la p._n 24_o carucae_fw-la procariae_fw-la what_o p._n 18_o rogaâ—ae_fw-la p._n 19_o carucage_n what_o p._n 133_o charter_n diverse_a of_o those_o in_o ingulphus_n question_v and_o how_o far_o and_o why_o p._n 101_o chivalry_n and_o socage_n two_o tenor_n comprehend_v all_o the_o land_n in_o kent_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o england_n p._n 129_o cniht_n in_o the_o saxon_a language_n what_o p._n 7_o coke_n sir_n edward_n his_o derivation_n of_o gavelkynd_n p._n 3_o the_o conqueror_n progress_n &_o proceed_n after_o his_o victory_n near_o hastings_n p._n 69._o his_o charter_n of_o restitution_n of_o church-land_n p._n 68_o conquest_n the_o time_n about_o it_o very_o rapacious_a p_o 67_o contract_n of_o marriage_n a_o saxon_a form_n or_o model_n of_o it_o p._n 75_o 76_o coredy_a what_o p_o 19_o 20_o corne-gavel_a what_o p._n 16_o corporation_n ancient_o enfeoff_v with_o land_n in_o gavelkind_n p._n 8_o cotarii_fw-la what_o p._n 116._o their_o tenement_n change_v into_o gavelkind_n p._n 59_o cotland_n what_o p._n 116_o cotmani_n what_o ibid._n custom_n hardly_o leave_v p._n 5._o beginning_n within_o memory_n no_o custom_n ibid._n of_o gavelkynd_n a_o common_a law_n in_o kent_n p._n 44_o its_o essential_a property_n p._n 49._o how_o different_a from_o tenure_n p._n 144_o cyricena-socne_a what_o p._n 133_o d._n de_fw-fr rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la the_o writ_n so_o call_v whether_o lie_v at_o the_o common_a law_n or_o by_o custom_n p._n 78_o 91_o dome_n in_o the_o termination_n of_o word_n what_o signify_v 106_o dover_n castle_n the_o lock_n and_o key_n of_o all_o england_n p._n 70_o drench_n what_o p._n 124_o drincelean_n what_o p._n 29_o drofden_n what_o p._n 117_o drof-land_n what_o p._n 116_o drof-mannus_a what_o ibid._n dunland_n what_o p._n 117_o e._n error_n if_o settle_v difficult_a to_o remove_v p._n 62._o often_o cause_v for_o want_n of_o altercation_n ibid._n estate_n in_o england_n universal_o partible_a before_o the_o conquest_n and_o how_o p._n 77_o 78_o exit_fw-la gravi_fw-la querela_fw-la the_o writ_n so_o call_v where_o it_o lie_v 153_o 159_o f._n fald-socne_a what_o p._n 134_o fald-worth_n what_o ibid._n fee_fw-mi not_o alienable_a without_o the_o lord_n consent_n p._n 8._o whether_o ancient_o deviseable_a p._n 84_o natural_o not_o deviseable_a and_o why_o p._n 162_o fee_n whether_o any_o in_o england_n before_o the_o conquest_n p._n 103_o 111._o become_v patrimonial_a in_o many_o place_n p._n 162._o what_o in_o their_o original_n p._n 108._o how_o change_v afterward_o ibid._n female_n capable_a of_o succession_n in_o gavelkynd_n land_n p._n 7._o exclude_v from_o succession_n with_o male_n p._n 8_o feudastra_n what_o p._n 57_o feuduto_n novum_fw-la &_o antiquum_fw-la p._n 40_o feudum_n the_o word_n how_o ancient_a p._n 101_o 102._o derive_v p._n 104_o feud_n in_o deadly_a feud_n whence_o derive_v p._n 107_o fief_n de_fw-fr haubert_n and_o de_fw-fr roturier_n p._n 36_o filctale_a what_o p._n 30_o fildale_n what_o ibid._n fine_n for_o the_o enfranchise_n of_o land_n p._n 59_o fird-socne_a what_o p._n 174_o fodrum_n what_o p._n 25_o folcland_n the_o nature_n of_o it_o p._n 78_o see_v also_o p._n 114_o 126._o folgarii_n what_o p._n 115_o foot-average_a what_o 116_o forgable_a what_o 30_o forland_n what_o 118_o forsohoke_v 31_o fosterland_n what_o 119_o francus_n bancus_fw-la 51_o 178_o frankalmoigne_n p_o 40_o 142_o frankfee_n 56_o freehold_n whether_o ancient_o deviseable_a 84_o frithsocne_a what_o 133_o g._n gabella_n what_o p._n 13_o gablum_fw-la what_o p._n 13._o terram_fw-la ponâ—â—e_fw-la gablum_fw-la what_o 14_o gabulum_fw-la denariorum_fw-la 26_o gafel_n gafol_n gafnl_o gavel_n what_o signify_v 10_o gafolgylda_n 33_o gafol-hwitel_a â—6_n gaigneurs_n what_o 25_o gavel_n absurd_o render_v gifeeal_n in_o many_o compound_n 10_o gavelate_n what_o 31_o gavelbred_n what_o 25_o gavel-bord_n what_o 22_o gavel-corne_n what_o 16_o gaveldung_n what_o 21_o gavel-erth_a what_o 17_o gavelet_n what_o 31_o gavelfother_n what_o 25_o gavelikendey_n 33_o gavelkynd_n the_o word_n vulgar_a derivation_n propose_v pag._n 2._o scan_v p._n 6._o reject_v ibid._n a_o new_a etymon_n propose_v and_o assert_v p._n 10._o the_o custom_n so_o call_v a_o common_a law_n in_o kent_n p._n 44._o not_o causal_a of_o partition_n in_o land_n so_o call_v p._n 44._o what_o it_o comprehend_v p._n 48._o the_o tenure_n so_o call_v almost_o universal_a in_o kent_n p._n 44._o whether_o eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la obtain_v in_o wales_n p._n 53._o whether_o a_o tenure_n or_o a_o custom_n p._n 100_o prescription_n in_o it_o not_o good_a and_o why_o p._n 44_o whether_o socage_n and_o it_o synonimy_n p._n 55._o grant_n of_o land_n in_o gavelkynd_n p._n 38._o when_o cease_v p._n 51._o see_v more_o in_o partition_n villain_n gavelkynd_n land_n female_n capable_a of_o it_o p._n 7._o the_o nature_n of_o it_o in_o point_n of_o partition_n scan_v p._n 42._o no_o prescription_n good_a there_o and_o why_o p._n 46._o liable_a to_o work_n p._n 57_o whether_o deviseable_a in_o kent_n before_o the_o stat._n of_o will_n p._n 151._o descendible_a to_o collateral_a kindred_n p._n 7._o ancient_o convey_v to_o gild_v and_o corporation_n pag._n 8._o alienable_a from_o the_o proper_a heir_n p._n 9_o all_o partible_a land_n not_o call_v gavelkynd_n p._n 10._o gavelman_fw-mi p._n 33_o gavelmed_n what_o 20_o gavel-nohâ—_a what_o 25_o gavel-ote_a what_o 21_o gavel-reft_a what_o 22_o gavel-rip_a what_o 19_o gavelrod_n what_o 22_o gavels_a what_o 23_o gavelswine_n what_o 23_o gavel-timber_n what_o 22_o gavelwerk_a what_o 24_o gavelwood_n what_o 23_o ge_n how_o use_v with_o the_o saâ—ons_n p._n 38_o gecind_n misconstrued_n by_o mr._n lambard_n 37_o geneat_a what_o 14_o gersuma_n what_o 59_o grant_n of_o land_n in_o gavelkynd_n when_o cease_v 51_o h._n hade_n head_n hod_z hood_z etc._n etc._n in_o the_o termination_n of_o word_n what_o signify_v 106_o haereditament_n what_o 83_o hamsoâ—ne_n what_o 134_o hereslit_n what_o and_o whence_o derive_v 32_o hide_v land_n what_o 117_o hlaford-soâ—ne_a what_o 134_o horse-average_a what_o 116_o hodgepodge_n 91_o hunig-gavel_a what_o 28_o 1._o in-average_a what_o 116_o ingulfus_n charter_n many_o of_o they_o question_v and_o how_o far_o and_o why_o 101_o inheritance_n the_o word_n how_o accept_v in_o england_n 83_o 84._o inheritance_n in_o england_n universal_o partible_a before_o the_o conquest_n and_o how_o 77_o 78_o inland_n what_o 114_o 119_o k._n kent_n with_o other_o county_n conquer_v and_o overrun_v by_o will._n 1._o p._n 66._o servi_n there_o p._n 74._o also_o nativi_fw-la 75_o kind_a in_o dutch_a what_o and_o whence_o derive_v p._n 6_o 7_o knecht_n in_o dutch_a what_o 7_o knight_n service-land_n natural_o incapable_a of_o partition_n 48_o knyghren-gyld_a 135_o knight_n whether_o any_o here_o in_o england_n before_o the_o conquest_n 123_o kind_a in_o gavelkynd_n of_o what_o signification_n 37_o l._n mr._n lambard_n his_o twofold_a derivation_n of_o gavelkynd_n p._n 3._o whereof_o one_o reject_v the_o other_o admit_v p._n 5._o mistake_v in_o the_o construction_n of_o gecind_n 37_o land_n all_o in_o kent_n and_o throughout_o england_n either_o of_o chivalry_n or_o socage_n tenor_n p._n 38._o all_o in_o england_n either_o ancient_a demesne_n or_o frank_n fee_n p._n 57_o and_o subject_a to_o tenure_n 126._o descend_v not_o alienable_a of_o old_a without_o the_o heir_n consent_n 39_o purchase_v alienable_a at_o
a_o treatise_n of_o gavelkind_n both_o name_n and_o thing_n show_v the_o true_a etymology_n and_o derivation_n of_o the_o one_o the_o nature_n antiquity_n and_o original_a of_o the_o other_o with_o sundry_a emergent_a observation_n both_o pleasant_a and_o profitable_a to_o be_v know_v of_o kentish-man_n and_o other_o especial_o such_o as_o be_v studious_a either_o of_o the_o ancient_a custom_n or_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n by_o a_o well-willer_n to_o both_o william_n somner_n virg._n 2._o georg._n foelix_fw-la qui_fw-la potuit_fw-la rerum_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la causas_fw-la cranz_n lib._n 2._o metrop_n 9_o nemo_fw-la sibi_fw-la blandiatur_fw-la de_fw-la auctoritate_fw-la veterum_fw-la quibus_fw-la etsi_fw-la fabulae_fw-la displicuerunt_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la habebant_fw-la unde_fw-la falsitatem_fw-la earum_fw-la coarguere_fw-la possent_fw-la sed_fw-la nostrâ_fw-la aetate_fw-la crebrescentibus_fw-la literarum_fw-la monumentis_fw-la inexcusabilis_fw-la torpor_fw-la est_fw-la in_o fabulis_fw-la scientes_fw-la prudentesque_fw-la permanere_fw-la london_n print_v by_o r._n and_o w._n leybourn_n for_o the_o author_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o john_n crook_n at_o the_o ship_n and_o daniel_n white_a at_o the_o seven_o star_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1666._o the_o preface_n courteous_a reader_n it_o be_v now_o full_a eighteen_o year_n since_o by_o solemn_a promise_n i_o become_v engage_v to_o my_o countryman_n upon_o their_o good_a acceptance_n of_o certain_a of_o my_o labour_n in_o behalf_n of_o our_o city_n wherewith_o i_o then_o present_v they_o to_o proceed_v to_o the_o same_o or_o some_o other_o such_o like_a undertake_n for_o the_o county_n a_o thing_n which_o as_o i_o then_o real_o intend_v so_o have_v i_o not_o since_o want_v that_o encouragement_n for_o it_o from_o the_o better_a sort_n express_v by_o their_o courteous_a acceptation_n of_o those_o my_o former_a labour_n which_o i_o can_v expect_v but_o be_v soon_o after_o proh_o dolour_n overtake_v by_o that_o impetuous_a storm_n of_o civil_a war_n not_o yet_o quite_o blow_v over_o cause_v the_o distraction_n and_o threaten_v the_o destruction_n of_o this_o once_o renown_a kingdom_n i_o be_v necessitate_v to_o betake_v myself_o to_o other_o thought_n chief_o how_o i_o may_v secure_v myself_o against_o the_o fury_n in_o ward_n off_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o present_a storm_n be_v not_o able_a i_o confess_v to_o reach_v to_o that_o high_a pitch_n of_o sedulity_n and_o magnanimity_n both_o in_o this_o kind_n to_o which_o the_o grecian_a socrates_n be_v say_v to_o have_v attein_v who_o thought_n be_v ever_o run_v on_o his_o book_n insomuch_o as_o but_o the_o very_a next_o night_n before_o he_o be_v to_o suffer_v death_n regardless_o of_o his_o so_o near_a approach_a danger_n able_a to_o indispose_v the_o mind_n discourage_v the_o industry_n and_o shake_v the_o constancy_n of_o any_o common_a spirit_n he_o be_v desirous_a to_o learn_v music_n because_o say_v the_o story_n he_o will_v die_v still_o learn_v somewhat_o be_v therefore_o thus_o divert_v and_o utter_o for_o the_o time_n discompose_v for_o the_o performance_n of_o my_o promise_n i_o hope_v not_o only_o to_o be_v excuse_v of_o my_o countryman_n for_o what_o have_v not_o else_o be_v hitherto_o delay_v my_o county-undertaking_a but_o also_o to_o obtain_v of_o they_o yet_o further_o respite_n in_o hope_n of_o a_o better_a opportunity_n for_o the_o discharge_n of_o that_o debt_n for_o my_o more_o easy_a purchase_n whereof_o at_o their_o hand_n and_o that_o they_o and_o other_o may_v perceive_v that_o i_o have_v not_o be_v altogether_o idle_a all_o this_o while_n pitch_v in_o my_o thought_n upon_o our_o kentish_a custom_n of_o gavelkynd_n and_o be_v not_o unfurnished_v of_o matter_n in_o the_o progress_n of_o my_o study_n glean_v and_o gather_v from_o old_a record_n enable_v i_o with_o the_o help_n of_o that_o little_a skill_n i_o have_v attein_v in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n to_o the_o study_n whereof_o i_o be_v encourage_v by_o my_o precious_a friend_n and_o ever-honoured_a maecenas_n dr._n casaubon_n as_o be_v elsewhere_o by_o himself_o true_o aver_v to_o some_o more_o than_o vulgar_a discourse_n thereof_o as_o a_o specimen_fw-la and_o earnest_n of_o my_o further_a intention_n for_o the_o county_n i_o betake_v myself_o at_o spare_a hour_n to_o the_o perusal_n resolve_v on_o the_o publication_n of_o those_o collect_v note_n and_o notion_n dispose_v they_o so_o that_o as_o they_o have_v to_o satisfaction_n inform_v i_o in_o the_o point_v propose_v so_o they_o may_v be_v of_o like_a use_n to_o other_o willing_a to_o bestow_v their_o pain_n and_o lay_v aside_o all_o prejudice_n in_o the_o perusal_n of_o they_o kent_n i_o consider_v have_v be_v far_o and_o near_o long_o celebrate_v for_o her_o gavelkynd_n though_o not_o so_o know_v either_o at_o home_n or_o abroad_o whether_o in_o point_n of_o etymology_n or_o property_n that_o especial_o of_o partition_n render_v it_o so_o incomparable_o famous_a throughout_o the_o kingdom_n as_o truth_n will_v to_o wipe_v off_o therefore_o that_o dust_n of_o error_n which_o time_n especial_o that_o parent_n of_o corruption_n have_v contract_v to_o it_o i_o have_v in_o the_o present_a discourse_n labour_v chief_o to_o assert_v wâ—…t_v i_o conceive_v to_o be_v the_o true_a sense_n and_o deâ—…vation_n of_o the_o term_n for_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o 7._o name_n whence_o the_o property_n that_o especial_o here_o instance_a do_v proceed_v for_o the_o better_a judge_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o according_a to_o that_o end_n propound_v to_o myself_o in_o all_o my_o researche_n which_o be_v to_o know_v thing_n not_o so_o much_o in_o their_o present_n as_o primitive_a state_n more_o in_o their_o cause_n than_o effect_n tunâ—_n enim_fw-la say_v the_o b_o philosopher_n unum_fw-la quodque_fw-la metaphys_n scire_fw-la arbitramur_fw-la cum_fw-la ejus_fw-la cauâ—as_fw-la &_o principia_fw-la cognoscimus_fw-la by_o the_o process_n and_o prosecution_n of_o the_o argument_n have_v a_o fair_a and_o pertinent_a inducement_n if_o not_o to_o treat_v yet_o at_o least_o to_o touch_v upon_o and_o â—â—kâ—_n notice_n as_o of_o the_o saxon_n boâ—land_n and_o folcland_n so_o of_o the_o feudist_n feâ—dâ—m_n and_o allodium_fw-la a_o pair_n of_o vocables_n the_o lâ—tter_n that_o have_v long_a and_o much_o perplex_v many_o prime_a man_n fancy_n to_o disqâ—iâ—â—_n and_o find_v out_o their_o true_a and_o proper_a derivaâ—ionâ—_n to_o the_o occasion_n of_o great_a variety_n in_o the_o point_n each_o man_n abound_v in_o his_o own_o and_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o different_a and_o singular_a sense_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o make_v one_o in_o the_o number_n of_o such_o etymologist_n and_o although_o with_o singularity_n i_o confess_v and_o dissent_v from_o all_o the_o rest_n yet_o perhaps_o so_o much_o to_o the_o purpose_n absit_fw-la jactantia_fw-la dictis_fw-la as_o if_o not_o to_o hit_v the_o mark_n yet_o at_o least_o to_o come_v so_o near_o it_o as_o few_o before_o have_v do_v alike_o singular_a as_o both_o here_o and_o before_o in_o the_o derivation_n of_o gavelkynd_n so_o afterward_o i_o may_v be_v find_v in_o that_o of_o socage_n yet_o i_o trust_v with_o so_o much_o truth_n and_o that_o so_o full_o evidence_v as_o will_v serve_v i_o hope_v to_o render_v i_o with_o the_o sober_a and_o ingenuous_a worthy_a if_o not_o of_o thanks_o yet_o of_o excuse_n and_o pardon_n if_o they_o differ_v in_o opinion_n from_o i_o here_o also_o good_a reader_n be_v advertise_v that_o whereas_o by_o occasion_n of_o our_o discourse_n in_o the_o three_o proposition_n concern_v the_o partition-property_n in_o gavelkynd_n i_o have_v obiter_fw-la or_o incident_o make_v some_o mention_n of_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la sometime_o by_o mean_n of_o that_o partition_n mention_v in_o the_o old_a kentish_a custumal_a obtain_v and_o now_o again_o if_o the_o endeavour_n of_o some_o may_v take_v effect_n revive_v in_o this_o county_n it_o come_v afterward_o into_o my_o mind_n to_o think_v it_o will_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o the_o present_a discourse_n somewhat_o further_o to_o enlarge_v in_o that_o particular_a that_o by_o enquiry_n make_v into_o the_o antiquity_n and_o trace_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o partition_n intend_v by_o this_o writ_n from_o its_o first_o birth_n until_o its_o full_a growth_n we_o may_v be_v the_o better_a able_a to_o give_v judgement_n &_o make_v the_o more_o probable_a conjecture_n of_o the_o present_a validity_n or_o invalidity_n thereof_o my_o discovery_n therefore_o be_v make_v and_o communicate_v to_o some_o judicious_a friend_n not_o without_o their_o acceptation_n and_o my_o encouragement_n for_o publication_n i_o have_v adventure_v to_o add_v they_o at_o the_o end_n of_o that_o three_o proposition_n pag._n 91._o as_o for_o my_o thwart_v the_o common_a opinion_n concern_v our_o composition_n with_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n and_o the_o consequent_n of_o it_o i_o offer_v no_o apology_n here_o as_o have_v already_o make_v it_o in_o the_o
a_o retrograde_a course_n in_o this_o re-search_a i_o shall_v begin_v with_o one_o of_o the_o late_a sir_n edward_n coke_n who_o in_o his_o note_n or_o illustration_n upon_o littleton_n tit_n villeinage_n sect._n 210._o verb._n en_fw-fr gavelkinde_n gloss_v the_o text_n thus_o give_v all_o kind_n for_o say_v he_o this_o custom_n give_v to_o all_o the_o son_n alike_o not_o long_o before_o he_o another_o learned_a gaveletum_n knight_n and_o famous_a antiquary_n take_v the_o word_n to_o expound_v in_o his_o glossary_n of_o antiquate_a word_n say_v that_o it_o be_v term_v gavelkynd_n either_o quasi_fw-la debitum_fw-la vel_fw-la tributum_fw-la soboli_fw-la pveris_fw-la generi_fw-la i._n e._n as_o it_o be_v of_o right_o belong_v and_o give_v intimate_v in_o the_o two_o first_o syllable_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o issue_n child_n or_o kind_n signify_v by_o the_o last_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o else_o second_o say_v he_o from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n give_v to_o all_o the_o next_o in_o kindred_n verstegan_n to_o ascend_v in_o our_o gradation_n one_o step_v high_a câ—nsureth_v the_o word_n of_o corruption_n say_v that_o it_o be_v corrupt_o term_v gavelkynd_n for_o give_v all_o kind_n which_o after_o he_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o give_v each_o child_n his_o part_n from_o who_o mr._n cambden_n differ_v kent_n as_o little_a in_o time_n as_o in_o opinion_n when_o he_o say_v it_o be_v call_v gavelkynd_n that_o be_v say_v he_o give_v all_o kin_n before_o all_o these_o mr._n lambard_n the_o first_o that_o undertake_v the_o etymology_n and_o who_o beside_o the_o former_a 73._o judge_n dodderidge_n voce_fw-mi dr._n cowell_n the_o author_n of_o the_o new_a term_n of_o law_n and_o many_o more_o longo_fw-la agmine_fw-la aâ—e_v know_v to_o follow_v in_o his_o explication_n of_o saxon_a word_n prefix_v to_o his_o archaion_n verb._n terra_fw-la ex_fw-la scripto_fw-la be_v clear_a for_o the_o derivation_n of_o the_o word_n from_o the_o saxon_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d credo_fw-la say_v he_o ut_fw-la terra_fw-la illa_fw-la gavelkyn_n quasi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d idest_fw-la omnibus_fw-la cognatione_fw-la proximis_fw-la data_fw-la dicatur_fw-la but_o afterward_o as_o if_o upon_o second_o thought_n alter_v in_o his_o 528._o opinion_n he_o couple_v this_o derivation_n with_o a_o second_o and_o so_o at_o length_n be_v find_v to_o share_v his_o opinion_n of_o the_o word_n original_a between_o two_o conjecture_n ground_v both_o upon_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n the_o one_o in_o point_n of_o descent_n the_o other_o of_o rent_n and_o service_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o former_a of_o which_o he_o say_v that_o therefore_o the_o land_n be_v call_v either_o gavelkyn_n in_o meaning_n give_v all_o kin_n because_o it_o be_v give_v to_o all_o the_o next_o in_o one_o line_n of_o kindred_n or_o give_v all_o kind_n that_o be_v to_o all_o the_o male_a child_n for_o kind_n say_v he_o in_o dutch_n signify_v yet_o a_o male_a child_n and_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o latter_a he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o as_o knights-service_n land_n require_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o warfare_n and_o battle_n abroad_o so_o this_o land_n be_v of_o socage_n tenure_n command_v his_o attendance_n at_o the_o plough_n and_o other_o the_o lord_n affair_n of_o husbandry_n at_o home_n the_o one_o by_o manhood_n defend_v the_o lord_n life_n and_o person_n the_o other_o by_o industry_n maintain_v with_o rent_n corn_n and_o victual_v his_o estate_n and_o family_n this_o rent_n as_o there_o he_o add_v ni_fw-fr a_fw-fr customary_a payment_n of_o work_n the_o saxon_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o thereof_o as_o i_o think_v they_o name_v the_o land_n that_o yeeldod_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v land_n let_v for_o rent_n or_o of_o the_o kind_n to_o yield_v rend_v etc._n etc._n the_o author_n i_o confess_v modest_o leave_v it_o free_a to_o the_o reader_n to_o receive_v either_o of_o these_o conjecture_n or_o to_o refuse_v both_o as_o it_o shall_v best_o like_o he_o but_o the_o former_a of_o the_o two_o be_v primâ_fw-la fancy_n of_o a_o more_o plausible_a sound_n and_o allusion_n than_o the_o other_o a_o advantage_n very_o considerable_a with_o most_o man_n who_o guidance_n notwithstanding_o be_v not_o always_o to_o be_v follow_v and_o that_o have_v get_v the_o start_n of_o her_o fellow_n in_o time_n have_v not_o fail_v to_o keep_v it_o ever_o since_o have_v prove_v the_o more_o acceptable_a of_o the_o twain_o and_o by_o this_o time_n find_v so_o many_o follower_n and_o those_o like_o the_o first_o author_n of_o so_o great_a credit_n as_o that_o whosoever_o shall_v contradict_v the_o one_o or_o dispute_v the_o other_o can_v do_v neither_o without_o exceed_a prejudice_n so_o difficult_a a_o lesson_n it_o be_v with_o some_o to_o unlearn_v custom_n who_o mind_n be_v as_o hardly_o wean_v from_o a_o opinion_n which_o their_o fancy_n have_v once_o approve_v as_o other_o be_v from_o a_o habit_n or_o a_o custom_n which_o if_o inveterate_a and_o long_o settle_v though_o corrupt_a and_o vicious_a be_v very_o hardly_o leave_v off_o and_o lay_v aside_o yet_o as_o the_o common_a law_n a._n determine_v of_o a_o custom_n that_o if_o the_o rise_v the_o original_n thereof_o can_v so_o be_v trace_v as_o it_o can_v appear_v that_o it_o first_o begin_v within_o time_n of_o memory_n it_o be_v no_o custom_n nor_o shall_v obtain_v or_o prevail_v as_o a_o custom_n so_o in_o case_n by_o trace_v the_o present_a derivation_n to_o the_o wellhead_n i_o shall_v show_v together_o with_o the_o time_n the_o error_n of_o its_o first_o original_n not_o to_o be_v salve_v by_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n for_o quod_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la non_fw-la initio_fw-la valuit_fw-la tractu_fw-la temporis_fw-la non_fw-la convalescit_fw-la i_o trust_v i_o shall_v not_o fail_v nor_o fall_v short_a of_o what_o my_o endeavour_n drive_v at_o in_o this_o matter_n the_o wean_n i_o mean_v of_o sober_a and_o judicious_a mind_n from_o a_o opinion_n so_o erroneous_a and_o ungrounded_a as_o this_o i_o doubt_v not_o upon_o trial_n shall_v appear_v to_o be_v though_o thus_o long_o continue_v and_o in_o itself_o specious_a and_o plausible_a enough_o however_o be_v convince_v in_o my_o own_o judgement_n of_o the_o error_n that_o i_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o swallow_v it_o for_o company_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o truth_n for_o that_o i_o say_v if_o for_o no_o other_o reason_n i_o have_v resolve_v to_o protest_v against_o it_o and_o yet_o not_o to_o seem_v singular_o affect_v without_o a_o cause_n i_o shall_v not_o do_v it_o by_o a_o bare_a denial_n or_o dissent_n as_o he_o that_o think_v it_o sufficient_a for_o bellarmine_n confutation_n to_o give_v he_o the_o lie_n but_o by_o represent_v withal_o my_o inducement_n thereunto_o i_o hope_v to_o put_v the_o matter_n out_o of_o doubt_n that_o i_o have_v study_v the_o reader_n satisfaction_n herein_o as_o well_o â—s_v my_o own_o by_o a_o learned_a man_n â—_o example_n whoâ—e_v word_n in_o a_o like_a case_n as_o very_o apposite_a in_o this_o i_o shall_v here_o borrow_v for_o the_o close_a of_o my_o apology_n etsi_fw-la mâ—_n non_fw-la lateat_fw-la say_v he_o quam_fw-la lubrica_fw-la plenaque_fw-la discrimâ—nis_fw-la res_fw-la sit_fw-la quae_fw-la per_fw-la tot_fw-la secula_fw-la tot_fw-la homines_fw-la eruditi_fw-la uno_fw-la consensâ—_n probaâ—unt_fw-la rejicere_fw-la velle_fw-la rationes_fw-la tamen_fw-la eas_fw-la in_o medium_n adducere_fw-la visum_fw-la est_fw-la quibus_fw-la adductis_fw-la hanc_fw-la interpretationem_fw-la damnare_fw-la ausus_fw-la sum_fw-la nor_o be_v this_o i_o take_v it_o magno_fw-la conatu_fw-la nugas_fw-la agere_fw-la the_o discovery_n and_o refutation_n of_o popular_a error_n have_v be_v a_o task_n for_o many_o worthy_a pen_n in_o case_n of_o as_o small_a concerment_n as_o this_o perhaps_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v to_o the_o matter_n then_o whether_o the_o name_n of_o gavelkynd_n be_v at_o first_o impose_v with_o or_o in_o respect_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n in_o point_n of_o descent_n or_o not_o be_v indeed_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n the_o common_a opinion_n i_o confess_v affirm_v it_o wherewith_o join_v issue_n in_o the_o negative_a i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o refute_v it_o by_o a_o double_a proposition_n one_o negative_a show_v that_o this_o be_v a_o wrong_n and_o mistake_v the_o other_o positive_a or_o affirmative_a declare_v what_o be_v the_o right_a and_o genuine_a construction_n of_o the_o term_n as_o for_o the_o former_a though_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o a_o seem_a allusion_n to_o gavelkynd_n in_o sound_n yet_o if_o we_o look_v advise_o into_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o it_o we_o may_v and_o peradventure_o must_v conclude_v the_o etymology_n from_o giveall_a cyn_n give-all-kynd_n
to_o themselves_o a_o quitrent_a as_o it_o be_v in_o signum_fw-la dominii_fw-la that_o be_v they_o reserve_v to_o themselves_o the_o service_n and_o grant_v to_o the_o hospital_n the_o usum_fw-la fructum_fw-la or_o they_o grant_v the_o utile_fw-la dominium_fw-la to_o the_o hospital_n and_o reserve_v the_o directum_fw-la to_o themselves_o so_o that_o whereas_o bracton_n and_o 26._o other_o make_v mention_n of_o a_o tenure_n in_o feodo_fw-la quoad_fw-la servitia_fw-la &_o none_o in_o dominico_fw-la refer_v to_o the_o chief_a lord_n and_o of_o another_o in_o feodo_fw-la &_o dominico_fw-la &_o none_o in_o servitio_fw-la relate_v to_o the_o freeholder_n the_o former_a may_v here_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o feoffor_n the_o latter_a to_o the_o feoffee_n in_o this_o deed_n but_o this_o parergon_n and_o now_o to_o wind_v up_o all_o concern_v this_o first_o proposition_n and_o not_o to_o enlarge_v with_o any_o further_a instance_n wherein_o i_o may_v be_v infinite_a for_o assert_v this_o truth_n of_o our_o gavelkynd_n derivation_n gavelkynd_n we_o see_v be_v the_o land_n right_a name_n who_o etymology_n be_v never_o wrest_v to_o gife-eal-cyn_a who_o signification_n of_o censual_a rent_n land_n or_o rent-service_n land_n be_v never_o question_v till_o that_o within_o our_o father_n memory_n one_o and_o all_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o error_n jure_fw-la veluti_fw-la successionis_fw-la transmit_v to_o they_o run_v a_o head_n in_o a_o wrong_n and_o mistake_a derivation_n proposition_n ii_o the_o nature_n of_o gavelkynd-land_n in_o point_n of_o partition_n disallow_v then_o gavelkynd_n as_o to_o the_o name_n of_o it_o to_o be_v derivative_a from_o partition_n our_o next_o enquiry_n shall_v be_v if_o on_o the_o contrary_a partition_n owe_v itself_o to_o gavelkynd_n or_o to_o what_o other_o cause_n before_o i_o further_o enter_v into_o which_o research_n or_o offer_v any_o resolution_n to_o the_o quaere_fw-la give_v i_o leave_v to_o preface_n it_o with_o certain_a rule_n ground_n and_o principle_n in_o this_o case_n fit_a to_o be_v premise_v you_o be_v then_o desire_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o here_o in_o england_n we_o acknowledge_v no_o land_n no_o inheritance_n partible_a twofold_n or_o divisible_a but_o what_o be_v so_o either_o first_o by_o law_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o female_n succeed_v for_o lack_v of_o male_n whether_o in_o knight-service_n land_n or_o socage_n which_o in_o this_o point_n differ_v not_o or_o what_o second_o be_v so_o by_o custom_n as_o in_o our_o present_a case_n of_o gavelkynd_n and_o such_o like_a no_o parcener_n of_o land_n i_o say_v in_o point_n of_o inheritance_n or_o succession_n but_o either_o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n or_o by_o custom_n as_o term_v by_o littleton_n and_o our_o more_o modern_a book_n the_o same_o in_o effect_n with_o what_o of_o elder_a time_n in_o bractons_n 418._o language_n be_v call_v 1_o ratione_fw-la personarum_fw-la 2_o ratione_fw-la rei_fw-la vel_fw-la terrae_fw-la in_o the_o next_o place_n let_v i_o adjoyn_v what_o in_o this_o point_n of_o partition_n be_v deliver_v by_o those_o two_o ancient_a and_o famous_a sage_n of_o our_o law_n glanvill_n and_o bracton_n whereof_o the_o former_a 3._o speak_v thus_o cum_fw-la quis_fw-la ergo_fw-la hereditatem_fw-la habens_fw-la moriatur_fw-la si_fw-la unicum_fw-la filium_fw-la heredem_fw-la habuerit_fw-la indistinctè_fw-la verum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la filius_fw-la ille_fw-la patri_fw-la svo_fw-la succedit_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la si_fw-mi plures_fw-la reliquerit_fw-la filiâ—s_fw-la tunc_fw-la distinguitur_fw-la utrum_fw-la ille_fw-la fuerit_fw-la mile_n sive_fw-la per_fw-la feodum_fw-la militare_fw-la tenens_fw-la aut_fw-la libre_fw-la sokemannus_n quia_fw-la si_fw-la mile_n fuerit_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la militiam_fw-la tenens_fw-la secundùm_fw-la jus_o regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la primogenitus_fw-la filius_fw-la patri_fw-la succedit_fw-la in_o totum_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la nullus_fw-la fratrum_fw-la suorum_fw-la partem_fw-la inde_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la petere_fw-la potest_fw-la si_fw-mi verò_fw-la fuerit_fw-la libre_fw-la sokemannus_n tunc_fw-la quidem_fw-la dividetur_fw-la hereditas_fw-la inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la filios_fw-la quotquot_fw-la sunt_fw-la per_fw-la part_n aequales_fw-la â—7_n si_fw-la fuerit_fw-la socagium_fw-la &_o id_fw-la antiquitus_fw-la divisum_fw-la salvo_fw-la tamen_fw-la capitali_fw-la messuagio_fw-it primogenito_fw-la filio_fw-la pro_fw-la dignitâ—te_fw-la aâ—sneciae_fw-la suae_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o aliis_fw-la rebus_fw-la satisfaciâ—t_fw-la aliis_fw-la ad_fw-la valentiam_fw-la si_fw-mi vero_fw-la non_fw-la fuerit_fw-la antiquitus_fw-la divisum_fw-la tunc_fw-la primo_fw-la genitus_fw-la secundum_fw-la quorundam_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la totam_fw-la hereditatem_fw-la obtinebit_fw-la secundùm_fw-la autem_fw-la quorundam_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la postnatus_fw-la filius_fw-la heres_fw-la est_fw-la item_n si_fw-la filiam_fw-la tantùm_fw-la unam_fw-la reliquerit_fw-la quis_fw-la heredem_fw-la tunc_fw-la id_fw-la obtinet_fw-la indistinctè_fw-la quod_fw-la â—e_n filio_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la sin_n autem_fw-la plures_fw-la filias_fw-la tunc_fw-la quidem_fw-la indistinctè_fw-la inter_fw-la ipsas_fw-la dividetur_fw-la hereditas_fw-la sive_fw-la fuerit_fw-la miles_n sive_fw-la sokemannus_n pater_fw-la earum_fw-la salvo_fw-la tamen_fw-la primogenitae_fw-la filiae_fw-la capitali_fw-la messuagio_fw-it sub_fw-la formâ_fw-la praescriptâ—_n etc._n etc._n thus_o glanvill_n harmonious_o follow_v and_o almost_o verbatim_o of_o 15._o bracton_n who_o word_n on_o this_o argument_n be_v these_o si_fw-mi libre_fw-la sockmannus_n moriatur_fw-la pluribus_fw-la relictis_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la &_o participibus_fw-la si_fw-la haereditas_fw-la partibilis_fw-la â—it_n &_o ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la divisa_fw-la haeredes_fw-la quotquot_fw-la erunt_fw-la habeant_fw-la part_n svas_fw-la aequales_fw-la &_o si_fw-la unicum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la messuagium_fw-la illud_fw-la integre_n remaneat_fw-la primogenito_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la alii_fw-la habeant_fw-la ad_fw-la valentiam_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la si_fw-mi autem_fw-la non_fw-la fuerit_fw-la hereditas_fw-la divisa_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la tunc_fw-la tota_fw-la remaneat_fw-la primogenito_fw-la si_fw-mi autem_fw-la fuerit_fw-la sockagium_fw-la villanum_fw-la tunc_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la loci_fw-la erit_fw-la observanda_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la in_o quibusdam_fw-la partibus_fw-la quod_fw-la postnatus_fw-la praefertur_fw-la primogenito_fw-la &_o è_fw-la contrario_fw-la etc._n etc._n hereunto_o let_v i_o subjoin_v in_o the_o three_o and_o last_o place_n that_o common_a principle_n among_o we_o and_o obvious_a in_o our_o book_n viz._n that_o prescription_n in_o gavelkynd-land_n as_o it_o be_v not_o â—65_n needful_a so_o neither_o be_v it_o good_a the_o reason_n be_v whereof_o i_o pray_v take_v notice_n with_o i_o that_o as_o mr._n lambard_n have_v it_o the_o custom_n of_o gavelkynd_n be_v general_a spread_v itself_o throughcut_a the_o whole_a shire_n into_o all_o land_n subject_a by_o ancient_a tenure_n unto_o the_o same_o such_o place_n only_o except_v where_o it_o be_v alter_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o 5._o edw._n 4._o 8._o and_o 14._o hen._n 4._o 8._o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o gavelkynd_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o common_a law_n in_o kent_n have_v thus_o premise_v i_o shall_v now_o make_v it_o my_o endeavour_n to_o shape_v such_o a_o resolution_n or_o answer_n to_o the_o propound_v quaere_fw-la as_o may_v consist_v with_o these_o principle_n and_o brief_o my_o answer_n here_o be_v negative_a viz._n that_o partition_n do_v not_o owe_v itself_o bare_o to_o gavelkynd_n either_o ex_fw-la vi_fw-la termini_fw-la by_o reason_n or_o force_v of_o that_o denomination_n or_o ratione_fw-la rei_fw-la from_o the_o nature_n or_o condition_n of_o the_o land_n that_o property_n alone_o of_o the_o land_n be_v gavelkynd_n or_o so_o call_v not_o suffice_v to_o render_v it_o partible_a first_o as_o for_o the_o name_n the_o term_n that_o that_o will_v in_o no_o wise_n bear_v it_o be_v i_o conceive_v a_o thing_n sufficient_o clear_v in_o our_o discourse_n upon_o the_o first_o proposition_n wherein_o the_o term_n be_v vindicate_v from_o that_o mistake_a construction_n by_o the_o error_n of_o latter_a time_n obtrude_v on_o it_o nor_o can_v such_o a_o derivation_n any_o way_n consist_v with_o the_o premise_a principle_n partition_n in_o gavelkynd-land_n from_o the_o term_n or_o denomination_n of_o it_o be_v reducible_a to_o none_o of_o the_o there_o assign_a cause_n of_o partition_n as_o inconsistent_a also_o with_o those_o cause_n and_o ground_n of_o partition_n that_o dichotomy_n or_o bipartite_a distinction_n of_o partible_a land_n into_o 1_o that_o by_o law_n and_o 2_o that_o by_o custom_n be_v the_o attribute_v that_o property_n of_o partition_n in_o gavelkynd_n to_o the_o nature_n or_o condition_n of_o the_o land_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o any_o such_o three_o sort_n of_o partible_a land_n to_o be_v find_v in_o our_o book_n if_o it_o be_v reply_v yes_o sure_o for_o objection_n bracton_n be_v express_v for_o a_o partition_n ratione_fw-la reâ—_n vel_fw-la terrae_fw-la in_o the_o place_n above_o quote_v that_o especial_o where_o he_o say_v as_o fol._n 374._o a._n sicut_fw-la de_fw-fr gavelkind_n vel_fw-la alibi_fw-la ubi_fw-la terra_fw-la partibilis_fw-la est_fw-la ratione_fw-la terrae_fw-la such_o indeed_o be_v his_o solution_n word_n and_o withal_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o such_o be_v the_o nature_n
and_o condition_n of_o gavelkynd-land_n be_v not_o only_o subject_a and_o liable_a to_o what_o the_o civilian_n in_o their_o phrase_n be_v wont_a to_o call_v judicium_fw-la or_o actio_fw-la familiae_fw-la herciscundae_fw-la de_fw-fr communi_fw-la paâ—ceners_n dividundo_fw-la the_o feudist_n adaequatio_fw-la paragium_fw-la we_o in_o our_o language_n term_v it_o coparcenary_a land-shifting_a and_o the_o like_a but_o withal_o so_o subject_a to_o it_o as_o that_o partition_n do_v always_o accompany_v land_n of_o that_o nature_n and_o be_v indeed_o as_o inseparable_a from_o it_o as_o the_o contrary_a from_o knight-service_n land_n whence_o then_o be_v it_o before_o i_o answer_v observe_v first_o with_o i_o for_o a_o answer_n to_o these_o passage_n in_o bracton_n that_o as_o before_o each_o of_o they_o in_o one_o â—_o place_n we_o have_v his_o si_fw-la haereâ—itas_fw-la partibilis_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la divisa_fw-la so_o likewise_o after_o they_o in_o another_o 2._o place_n his_fw-la tenementum_fw-la partibile_fw-la inter_fw-la plures_fw-la cohaeredes_fw-la &_o sempeâ—_n solet_fw-la dividi_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la whereby_o confer_v place_n with_o place_n for_o reconcile_a bracton_n to_o himself_o we_o may_v plain_o understand_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o those_o two_o meâ—ne_n or_o intervening_a passage_n in_o bracton_n namely_o that_o not_o the_o bare_a nature_n of_o the_o land_n but_o ancient_a custom_n joynâ—_n concurrence_n with_o it_o be_v intend_v and_o of_o he_o imply_v in_o each_o place_n though_o not_o express_v to_o render_v the_o land_n or_o inheritance_n partible_a the_o like_a help_n under_o favour_n must_v be_v allow_v glanvill_n to_o reconcile_v he_o sciendum_fw-la autem_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la liberum_fw-la habens_fw-la socagium_fw-la plures_fw-la habuerit_fw-la filios_fw-la qui_fw-la omnes_fw-la ad_fw-la hereditatem_fw-la equaliter_fw-la pro_fw-la equalibus_fw-la proportionibus_fw-la sunt_fw-la admittendi_fw-la lib._n 7._o cap._n 1._o fol._n 46._o a._n to_o he_o si_fw-mi vero_fw-la fuerit_fw-la libre_fw-la sokemannus_n tunc_fw-la quidem_fw-la dividetur_fw-la hereditas_fw-la inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la filios_fw-la quotquot_fw-la sunt_fw-la per_fw-la part_n equales_fw-la si_fw-la fuerit_fw-la socagium_fw-la &_o id_fw-la antiquitus_fw-la divisum_fw-la eod_fw-la lib._n cap._n 3._o fol._n 49._o a._n brief_o be_v it_o so_o that_o gavelkind-land_n be_v partible_a by_o virtue_n either_o of_o the_o name_n or_o nature_n of_o it_o without_o accession_n and_o concurrence_n of_o custom_n than_o all_o land_n as_o soon_o as_o grant_v out_o in_o gavelkynd_n whereof_o example_n be_v obvious_a and_o till_o the_o 1._o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la frequent_a be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la partible_fw-fr contrary_a to_o that_o common_a and_o receive_a ground_n whereof_o before_o that_o none_o be_v such_o i._n e._n partible_a with_o we_o except_o that_o descend_v for_o want_n of_o male_n to_o female_n but_o what_o be_v so_o by_o custom_n as_o than_o not_o to_o the_o name_n so_o neither_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o gavelkynd-land_n alone_o be_v such_o partition_n owe_v and_o be_v it_o then_o to_o custom_n or_o prescription_n for_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v clear_o repugnant_a to_o what_o be_v before_o lay_v down_o by_o way_n of_o ground_n or_o principle_n it_o be_v a_o know_a rule_n in_o our_o law_n and_o obvious_a in_o our_o book_n that_o prescription_n in_o our_o kentish_a gavelkynd_n as_o it_o be_v not_o want_v so_o neither_o be_v it_o admit_v to_o come_v in_o plea._n what_o say_v we_o then_o to_o custom_n sure_o since_o neither_o to_o the_o name_n or_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n nor_o to_o prescription_n nor_o yet_o neither_o to_o the_o common_a law_n so_o diametrical_o opposite_a to_o it_o to_o that_o i_o mean_v to_o custom_n it_o be_v or_o i_o know_v not_o else_o to_o what_o that_o this_o partition_n main_o owe_v itself_o agreeable_a whereto_o be_v that_o of_o 5â—4_n mr._n lambard_n where_o he_o say_v that_o no_o gavelkynd_n partition_n can_v be_v challenge_v but_o only_o where_o the_o custom_n of_o division_n have_v prevail_v and_o that_o gavelkynd_n be_v not_o try_v by_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o socage_n service_n but_o only_o by_o the_o touch_n of_o some_o former_a partition_n but_o if_o so_o than_o a_o objection_n here_o meet_v we_o resolve_v into_o a_o question_n thus_o what_o shall_v then_o be_v say_v to_o gavelkynd_n land_n of_o novel_a tenure_n upon_o the_o grant_n of_o land_n â—ill_v then_o happy_o hold_v in_o demesne_n to_o one_o or_o more_o person_n in_o gavelkynd_n as_o be_v usual_a before_o that_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la and_o until_o when_o a_o man_n may_v create_v in_o his_o land_n what_o tenure_n he_o please_v grant_v out_o as_o â—_o bracton_n have_v it_o in_o socage_n what_o he_o hold_v in_o knight-service_n and_o è_fw-la conuerso_fw-la what_o i_o say_v shall_v we_o resolve_v concern_v the_o point_n of_o partition_n here_o since_o no_o particular_a custom_n or_o usage_n of_o partition_n have_v ever_o take_v place_n to_o give_v to_o such_o division_n either_o foundation_n or_o precedent_n we_o be_v here_o i_o think_v threaten_v with_o a_o dilemma_n for_o either_o the_o land_n be_v not_o partible_a dilemma_n and_o why_o then_o call_v gavelkynd_n or_o if_o partible_a yet_o not_o by_o custom_n be_v but_o new_o turn_v from_o some_o other_o tenure_n into_o gavelkynd_n and_o want_v both_o time_n and_o the_o daughter_n of_o it_o usage_n the_o b._n essential_n of_o a_o custom_n to_o render_v it_o partible_a that_o way_n here_o then_o be_v work_n for_o a_o oedipus_n but_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o main_a doubt_n to_o which_o i_o will_v now_o more_o close_o apply_v my_o stile_n will_v at_o once_o clear_a both_o truth_n be_v then_o that_o it_o be_v neither_o from_o custom_n alone_o nor_o yet_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o gavelkynd-land_n alone_o that_o this_o partition_n spring_v but_o partly_o from_o the_o one_o partly_o from_o the_o other_o and_o so_o from_o both_o together_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o gavelkynd_n land_n ex_fw-la svi_fw-la naturâ_fw-la be_v partible_a thus_o far_o and_o in_o this_o sense_n that_o by_o a_o inherent_a quality_n it_o be_v capable_a of_o partition_n by_o custom_n that_o indeed_o may_v and_o do_v render_v it_o partible_a as_o knight-service_n land_n proper_o it_o can_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o repugnancy_n thereto_o in_o the_o nature_n thereof_o but_o in_o this_o respect_n it_o differ_v not_o from_o socage_n land_n in_o general_n which_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o partition_n and_o by_o custom_n may_v be_v and_o in_o many_o place_n extra_fw-la cantium_n be_v partible_a where_o the_o plea_n i_o take_v it_o ought_v to_o run_v quod_fw-la terra_fw-la illa_fw-la à _fw-la toto_fw-la tempore_fw-la etc._n etc._n partibilis_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o partita_fw-la agreeable_a with_o that_o of_o glanvill_n si_fw-la fuerit_fw-la socagium_fw-la &_o id_fw-la antiquitùs_fw-la divisum_fw-la which_o bracton_n seem_v somewhat_o more_o full_o to_o explain_v by_o he_o si_fw-la haereditas_fw-la partibilis_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la divisa_fw-la now_o then_o reddendo_fw-la singula_fw-la singulis_fw-la that_o such_o land_n be_v partibilis_fw-la ay_o e._n partible_a the_o former_a part_n of_o plea_n be_v in_o kent_z from_o gavelkynd_n elsewhere_o in_o particular_a manor_n at_o least_o from_o socage_n that_o it_o be_v or_o rather_o be_v antiquitùs_fw-la partita_fw-la i._n e._n ancient_o part_v the_o plea_n latter_a part_n be_v from_o custom_n or_o prescription_n partition_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n in_o our_o gavelkynd_n be_v but_o a_o single_a property_n or_o branch_n thereof_o induce_v by_o custom_n the_o term_n in_o its_o full_a latitude_n comprehend_v all_o other_o property_n accompany_v land_n of_o that_o nature_n and_o tenure_n such_o as_o dower_n of_o the_o moiety_n suffer_v for_o felony_n without_o forfeiture_n of_o estate_n and_o the_o rest_n contain_v in_o the_o kentish_a custumal_a as_o proper_o depend_v of_o gavelkynd_n as_o partition_n do_v and_o in_o respect_n whereof_o the_o land_n may_v as_o well_o be_v call_v gavelkynd_n as_o because_o of_o partition_n but_o admit_v socage-land_n to_o be_v general_o by_o the_o objection_n nature_n of_o it_o consuetudine_fw-la mediante_fw-la capable_a of_o partition_n as_o well_o a_o gavelkynd_n how_o come_v it_o then_o to_o pass_v will_n some_o say_v that_o this_o partition-property_n be_v more_o appropriate_a to_o it_o than_o socage-land_n in_o general_n and_o that_o they_o so_o much_o differ_v in_o their_o term_n from_o the_o agreement_n of_o the_o kentish-man_n with_o the_o conqueror_n â—aith_o the_o common_a opinion_n i_o shall_v answer_v that_o anon_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n say_v we_o not_o but_o now_o that_o custom_n be_v the_o thing_n whereto_o we_o owe_v this_o partition_n and_o if_o so_o why_o then_o seek_v we_o any_o further_o after_o its_o original_n custom_n we_o know_v cease_v to_o be_v custom_n when_o once_o they_o can_v be_v trace_v to_o their_o first_o beginning_n it_o be_v the_o main_a essential_a part_n of_o a_o
history_n â—ol_n 38._o verstegan_n in_o his_o antiquity_n pag._n â—7_n archbishop_n parker_n in_o his_o antiquitates_fw-la britannicae_n pag._n 108._o and_o mr._n lambard_n in_o his_o glossary_n verb._n terra_fw-la ex_fw-la scripto_fw-la though_o afterward_o in_o his_o perambulation_n pag._n 545._o he_o be_v find_v to_o cross_v himself_o herein_o by_o say_v that_o this_o custom_n be_v bring_v hither_o out_o of_o normandy_n by_o odo_n the_o conqueror_n brother_n now_o it_o be_v true_a and_o not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o by_o these_o law_n of_o canutus_n inheritance_n be_v partible_a but_o how_o it_o may_v be_v equal_o like_o our_o gavelkynd_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o express_v nor_o do_v the_o word_n enforce_v it_o it_o be_v order_v there_o indeed_o that_o a_o partition_n of_o the_o estate_n be_v make_v in_o the_o one_o between_z or_o among_o the_o wife_n child_n and_o next_o of_o kin_n by_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o other_o by_o the_o heir_n among_o themselves_o in_o both_o not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d emne_a or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n equal_o but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o former_a more_o explicit_o thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n i._n e._n according_a to_o the_o old_a version_n in_o brampton_n unicuique_fw-la secundùm_fw-la modum_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la pertinet_fw-la here_o be_v now_o no_o equal_a division_n speak_v of_o no_o equal_v the_o young_a with_o the_o elder_a brethren_n or_o the_o like_a but_o the_o estate_n be_v to_o be_v shift_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n according_a to_o right_n just_o or_o if_o you_o will_v after_o the_o old_a version_n of_o the_o latter_a law_n in_o brampton_n be_v the_o same_o verbatim_o with_o that_o in_o mr._n lambard_n a._n elsewhere_o rectè_fw-la every_o one_o to_o have_v his_o due_a haply_o after_o a_o geometrical_a not_o arithmetical_a proportion_n again_o not_o by_o equal_a proportion_n in_o point_n of_o good_n at_o least_o for_o each_o be_v to_o partake_v thereof_o as_o in_o the_o gavelkynd_n partition_n 49._o in_o ireland_n each_o one_o a_o part_n according_a to_o their_o quality_n degree_n or_o desert_n prorata_fw-la happy_o their_o reasonable_a part_n whence_o indeed_o some_o do_v fetch_v and_o ground_n a_o writ_n we_o have_v among_o we_o call_v rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la concern_v which_o there_o be_v a_o question_n in_o our_o book_n whether_o it_o lie_v by_o the_o common_a law_n or_o by_o the_o custom_n only_o of_o some_o 18._o country_n and_o who_o footstep_n may_v be_v trace_v in_o venerable_a bede_n english_a saxon_n ecclesiastical_a history_n lib._n 5._o cap._n 13._o but_o of_o this_o matter_n more_o anon_o at_o the_o close_a or_o foot_n of_o this_o proposition_n or_o again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n juxta_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la boni_fw-la viri_fw-la as_o the_o civilian_n in_o like_a case_n use_v to_o speak_v or_o pro_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la domini_fw-la as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o former_a of_o those_o law_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n judicio_fw-la svo_fw-la who_o place_n by_o provision_n of_o succeed_a time_n both_o here_o and_o in_o scotland_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o 30._o ordinary_a first_o joint_o with_o the_o decease_v friend_n afterward_o without_o they_o and_o alone_o as_o haply_o more_o to_o be_v confide_v in_o because_o by_o common_a intendment_n as_o more_o know_v so_o more_o careful_a to_o deal_v upright_o though_o it_o be_v utter_o unknown_a or_o uncertain_a when_o this_o trust_n begin_v by_o write_a law_n to_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o ordinary_a if_o i_o may_v guess_v about_o what_o time_n that_o provision_n be_v make_v for_o the_o like_a in_o 21._o normandy_n whereof_o in_o matth._n paris_n history_n anno_fw-la 1190._o pag._n 161._o edit_n ult_n or_o else_o to_o proceed_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d according_a to_o right_n i._n e._n custom_n or_o right_a as_o it_o be_v order_v and_o direct_v or_o temper_v by_o the_o usage_n of_o several_a place_n for_o utinam_fw-la quaelibet_fw-la provinvincia_fw-la abundat_fw-la svo_fw-la sensu_fw-la apposite_z and_o pertinent_a to_o this_o purpose_n be_v that_o observation_n of_o a_o late_a compendious_a 1._o historian_n of_o our_o own_o upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o confessor_n collection_n and_o compilement_n of_o as_o it_o be_v a_o codex_fw-la legum_n whither_o we_o may_v refer_v the_o original_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la a_o standard-law_n to_o be_v currant_n over_o all_o the_o kingdom_n before_o these_o collection_n say_v he_o of_o the_o confessor_n there_o be_v no_o universal_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o every_o several_a province_n hold_v their_o several_a custom_n all_o the_o inhabitant_n from_o humber_n to_o scotland_n use_v the_o danique_a law_n merchenland_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o state_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n have_v their_o several_a constitution_n as_o be_v several_a dominion_n and_o though_o for_o some_o few_o year_n there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o reduction_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n into_o a_o monarchy_n yet_o hold_v it_o not_o so_o long_o together_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o succession_n of_o a_o break_a government_n as_o to_o settle_v one_o form_n of_o order_n currant_n over_o all_o but_o that_o every_o province_n according_a to_o their_o particular_a founder_n have_v their_o custom_n apart_o and_o hold_v nothing_o in_o common_a beside_o religion_n and_o the_o constitution_n thereof_o but_o with_o the_o universality_n of_o meum_fw-la &_o tuum_fw-la order_v according_a to_o the_o right_n of_o nation_n and_o that_o jus_fw-la innatum_fw-la the_o common_a law_n of_o all_o the_o world_n which_o we_o see_v to_o be_v as_o universal_a as_o be_v the_o cohabitation_n and_o society_n of_o man_n and_o serve_v the_o turn_n to_o hold_v they_o together_o in_o all_o country_n howsoever_o they_o may_v differ_v in_o their_o form_n so_o that_o though_o we_o shall_v admit_v these_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o cnutes_n law_n to_o be_v national_a as_o by_o their_o preface_n that_o i_o mean_v of_o the_o second_o part_n contain_v his_o secular_a or_o politic_a constitution_n they_o be_v apparent_o no_o other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d yet_o i_o take_v it_o these_o law_n 68_o and_o 75._o conclude_v not_o for_o a_o national_a general_a or_o universal_a descent_n of_o inheritance_n by_o a_o equal_a or_o arithmetical_a division_n among_o all_o the_o child_n or_o heir_n nor_o indeed_o for_o more_o than_o this_o that_o a_o partition_n be_v to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o in_o point_n of_o proportion_n more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o what_o pro_fw-la more_fw-it patriae_fw-la vel_fw-la loci_fw-la and_o in_o point_n of_o good_n juxta_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la domini_fw-la be_v just_a and_o fit_a there_o be_v no_o precedent_n general_a law_n or_o canon_n here_o now_o extant_a at_o least_o to_o regulate_v or_o give_v direction_n in_o case_n but_o if_o not_o national_o for_o to_o give_v one_o instance_n instead_o of_o many_o thoroldus_fw-la in_o a_o charter_n of_o he_o to_o croyland_n abbey_n record_v by_o a._n ingulphus_n make_v mention_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o kinsman_n earl_n algar_n the_o elder_a son_n and_o heir_n of_o leofric_n earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o his_o countess_n godiva_n thorolds_n sister_n in_o the_o year_n 1051._o yet_o i_o be_o content_v to_o admit_v and_o agree_v that_o provincial_o and_o particular_o here_o in_o kent_n we_o have_v such_o a_o custom_n both_o before_o and_o at_o the_o conquest_n neither_o be_o i_o against_o their_o opinion_n who_o affirm_v the_o like_a course_n and_o custom_n currant_n in_o those_o time_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n as_o not_o be_v desirous_a to_o insist_v much_o upon_o this_o example_n in_o thoroldus_fw-la charter_n or_o any_o such_o like_a to_o the_o contrary_a for_o the_o present_a though_o i_o doubt_v whether_o it_o can_v concludent_o be_v argue_v from_o the_o ground_n and_o authority_n they_o seem_v to_o go_v upon_o those_o law_n of_o canutus_n nevertheless_o be_v it_o so_o for_o though_o some_o will_v say_v the_o conqueror_n find_v it_o not_o here_o but_o either_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o brother_n odo_n bring_v it_o hither_o out_o of_o normandy_n and_o by_o the_o pattern_n and_o practice_n of_o his_o own_o country_n plant_v it_o here_o how_o can_v this_o stand_v with_o spot_n story_n by_o the_o way_n yet_o i_o be_o not_o of_o their_o mind_n for_o have_v it_o be_v from_o thence_o transplant_v hither_o probable_o it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v confine_v to_o kent_n a_o corner_n only_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o have_v spread_v itself_o rather_o over_o the_o whole_a by_o the_o conqueror_n mean_v who_o inclination_n and_o endeavour_n to_o propagate_v and_o implant_v here_o the_o custom_n of_o his_o own_o country_n be_v too_o eminent_a and_o notorious_a to_o be_v doubt_v of_o it_o be_v nothing_o probable_a then_o what_o some_o have_v deem_v that_o we_o borrow_v
this_o custom_n from_o normandy_n or_o that_o odo_n be_v wrought_v upon_o by_o any_o pattern_n of_o that_o country_n to_o set_v it_o up_o among_o we_o but_o rather_o find_v it_o here_o at_o his_o come_n suppose_v therefore_o such_o a_o universal_a custom_n here_o in_o england_n before_o and_o at_o the_o conquest_n it_o will_v concern_v we_o next_o to_o make_v enquiry_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o when_o all_o the_o realm_n beside_o have_v in_o a_o manner_n discontinue_v it_o kent_z only_o reâ—â—iâ—s_v it_o in_o that_o gonidial_a manner_n at_o lâ—aâ—â—_n whereby_o improcesse_n of_o time_n it_o be_v become_v as_o the_o year-book_n quote_v of_o 538._o mr._n lambard_n phrase_v it_o as_o it_o be_v a_o common_a law_n there_o the_o answer_n must_v be_v but_o conjectural_a since_o record_n herein_o fail_v we_o of_o all_o light_n as_o well_o as_o history_n all_o but_o spot_n who_o for_o the_o reason_n pre-alleaged_n shall_v be_v none_o of_o my_o resolver_n will_v you_o have_v the_o common_a answer_n why_o then_o they_o say_v the_o conqueror_n abrogate_a this_o custom_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n save_v only_o in_o kent_n which_o obtain_v to_o continue_v it_o by_o composition_n with_o he_o when_o they_o meet_v at_o swanescomb_n but_o have_v former_o say_v i_o hope_v enough_o in_o answer_n hereunto_o i_o will_v seek_v further_o and_o try_v if_o some_o other_o more_o probable_a cause_n may_v not_o be_v find_v for_o it_o the_o conqueror_n then_o i_o will_v suppose_v consent_v to_o the_o continuance_n of_o this_o custom_n general_o throughout_o the_o kingdom_n in_o all_o i_o mean_v but_o knight-service_n land_n the_o descent_n whereof_o to_o the_o elder_a son_n alone_o partly_o for_o his_o own_o and_o the_o realm_n better_a a._n defence_n and_o strengthen_v and_o partly_o for_o the_o uphold_v and_o maintenance_n of_o 7._o gentile_a family_n i_o suppose_v none_o doubt_v to_o be_v less_o ancient_a than_o the_o conquest_n for_o so_o much_o of_o it_o at_o least_o as_o be_v of_o ancient_a tenure_n as_o mr._n lambard_n desire_v to_o qualify_v it_o nay_o and_o seem_v to_o give_v express_a allowance_n to_o it_o without_o distinction_n of_o land_n by_o that_o 36th_o of_o those_o law_n in_o ingulphus_n copy_n which_o after_o the_o conquest_n he_o grant_v to_o the_o people_n of_o england_n and_o be_v indeed_o as_o the_o title_n of_o they_o intimate_v the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n his_o predecessor_n or_o rather_o say_v council_n some_o of_o the_o confessor_n predecessor_n canutus_n si_fw-la quis_fw-la intestatus_fw-la obierit_fw-la liberi_fw-la ejus_fw-la hereditatem_fw-la aequaliter_fw-la dividant_a so_o run_v the_o law_n according_a to_o 184._o mr._n selden'_v version_n from_o the_o original_a french_a or_o norman_a some_o haply_o may_v take_v this_o as_o intend_v only_o as_o a_o rule_n for_o good_n not_o for_o land_n too_o but_o to_o that_o it_o may_v be_v reply_v that_o the_o word_n hereditatem_fw-la there_o if_o of_o that_o acception_n then_o as_o since_o and_o at_o this_o day_n will_v not_o admit_v of_o that_o construction_n since_o by_o the_o common_a opinion_n both_o of_o elder_n and_o more_o 166._o modern_a lawyer_n nothing_o pass_v with_o we_o here_o in_o england_n jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la but_o only_a fee_n and_o that_o hereditament_n be_v such_o thing_n as_o do_v natural_o and_o of_o course_n descend_v to_o the_o heir_n and_o neither_o to_o the_o executor_n or_o administratour_n as_o chattel_n do_v whence_o that_o of_o littleton_n sect._n 1_o feodum_fw-la idem_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la haereditas_fw-la answer_v to_o that_o of_o b._n bracton_n long_o before_o he_o feodum_fw-la est_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la quis_fw-la tenet_fw-la ex_fw-la quacunque_fw-la causa_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haerâ—dibus_fw-la suis_fw-la see_v to_o this_o purpose_n glanvill_n lib._n â—3_n cap._n 27._o but_o here_o we_o meet_v with_o a_o objection_n by_o this_o argument_n objection_n will_n some_o say_v you_o restrain_v and_o tiâ—_n up_o the_o constitution_n to_o land_n only_o exclude_v good_n or_o chattel_n as_o our_o lawyer_n call_v they_o from_o what_o ground_n see_v in_o sir_n hen._n spelman_n glossary_a verb._n capital_a to_o which_o add_v freherus_n his_o note_n upon_o the_o decalogue_n publish_v anno_fw-la 1610._o precept_n the_o last_o to_o construe_v it_o i_o solution_n must_v confess_v or_o of_o either_o single_o or_o alone_o be_v in_o my_o judgement_n too_o much_o to_o restrain_v and_o straighten_v it_o and_o in_o â—ffect_n to_o conclude_v it_o a_o lame_a and_o imperfect_a constitution_n order_v the_o intestate_a dead_a man_n estate_n and_o the_o disposal_n thereof_o but_o to_o half_n as_o we_o say_v wherefore_o i_o conceive_v that_o to_o take_v the_o word_n inheritance_n here_o to_o comprehend_v both_o as_o i_o suppose_v aehâ—e_n do_v in_o that_o 68_o of_o canutus_n law_n whereto_o this_o here_o if_o it_o be_v not_o take_v thence_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v some_o reference_n be_v solution_n not_o more_o reasonable_a than_o to_o understand_v it_o eiâ—her_o of_o chattel_n or_o lâ—nds_v single_o seem_v to_o i_o otherwise_o why_o but_o then_o say_v they_o you_o admit_v of_o a_o poâ—eâ—_n of_o devise_v inheritance_n by_o will_n and_o consequent_o make_v fâ—e_n and_o freehold_n deviseable_a and_o that_o by_o law_n argue_v from_o those_o word_n si_fw-la quis_fw-la intestatus_fw-la ob_fw-la erit_fw-la etc._n etc._n â—rue_a distinguish_v time_n for_o â—_o take_v it_o nothing_o be_v more_o usual_a in_o those_o b._n time_n i_o mean_v before_o the_o norman_a conquest_n and_o this_o if_o you_o maâ—k_v it_o be_v original_o a_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n or_o rather_o of_o canutus_n his_o predecessor_n than_o to_o deuâ—se_n and_o give_v land_n away_o by_o will_n though_o therein_o they_o recede_v from_o their_o first_o copy_n the_o german_a custom_n of_o nullum_fw-la testamenâ—um_fw-la a_o provision_n afterward_o receive_v into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n which_o thus_o have_v it_o hoâ—omâ—nnus_fw-la nulla_fw-la ordinatione_fw-la defuncti_fw-la in_o feudo_fw-la manente_fw-la vel_fw-la valente_fw-la it_o be_v then_o i_o say_v a_o usual_a thing_n with_o their_o lord_n consent_v at_o least_o to_o dispose_v of_o their_o land_n by_o will_n especial_o their_o bocland_n thence_o haply_o among_o other_o title_n give_v it_o as_o be_v sometime_o term_v and_o turn_v ruffian_n alodium_n otherwhile_o a._n terra_fw-la hereditaria_fw-la often_o jâ—râ—al_n terra_fw-la libera_fw-la not_o seldom_o call_v bocland_n terra_fw-la testamentalis_fw-la that_o be_v as_o a_o old_a leiger-book_n in_o guildhall_n london_n expound_v it_o terra_fw-la quam_fw-la homo_fw-la potuit_fw-la in_o lâ—cto_fw-la svo_fw-la languens_fw-la legare_fw-la with_o this_o limitation_n notwithstanding_o that_o such_o bocland_n be_v not_o by_o precaution_n in_o the_o original_a gift_n or_o grant_n liable_a to_o that_o or_o the_o like_a restriction_n in_o point_n of_o alienation_n occur_v in_o the_o 37th_o of_o king_n alfred_n law_n which_o nevertheless_o extend_v bâ—t_v to_o stranger_n a_o man_n be_v there_o forbid_v to_o alienate_v his_o land_n of_o that_o nature_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n â—xtra_fw-la cognationem_fw-la vel_fw-la progeniem_fw-la or_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n phrase_n extra_fw-la familiam_fw-la from_o his_o own_o kindred_n or_o family_n whence_o perchance_o it_o come_v afterward_o to_o pass_v that_o in_o such_o terragentilitia_n the_o heir_n concurrence_n be_v require_v and_o use_v in_o the_o alienation_n instance_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o dispose_v land_n by_o wâ—ll_n i_o mean_v may_v be_v give_v in_o abundance_n but_o a_o few_o may_v serve_v the_o turn_n to_o pass_v over_o as_o obvious_a because_o public_a king_n alfred_n will_v at_o the_o â—nd_n of_o his_o act_n and_o life_n by_o asserius_fw-la though_o i_o may_v here_o perhaps_o not_o impertinent_o take_v up_o that_o of_o regis_fw-la ad_fw-la exâ—mplum_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o let_v that_o pass_v i_o say_v as_o also_o for_o the_o like_a reason_n to_o omit_v byrhâ—riâ—ks_n will_v of_o mepham_n in_o kent_n extant_a in_o the_o perambulation_n pag_n 492._o whereunto_o if_o need_n be_v i_o can_v add_v many_o more_o example_n as_o well_o out_o of_o st._n alban_n private_a history_n now_o of_o late_o make_v public_a by_o my_o decease_a friend_n dr._n watts_n as_o from_o the_o record_n of_o the_o church_n of_o canterbury_n whereof_o beside_o the_o copy_n of_o some_o whole_a will_n i_o have_v by_o i_o several_a extract_n to_o let_v all_o these_o pass_n i_o say_v i_o shall_v only_o instance_n in_o a_o will_n or_o two_o one_o of_o a_o very_a eminent_a personage_n a_o etheling_n monarch_n prince_n ethelstan_n by_o name_n the_o son_n of_o king_n ethelred_n which_o i_o shall_v set_v before_o you_o in_o the_o appendix_n scriptura_fw-la 18_o as_o scriptura_fw-la 22_o the_o other_o with_o some_o imperfection_n and_o misprision_n here_o and_o there_o i_o confess_v but_o through_o the_o transcriber_n fault_n that_o enter_v they_o in_o the_o leaguer_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o ignorance_n it_o shall_v seem_v of_o
and_o speak_v only_o of_o the_o king_n own_o baron_n and_o tenant_n si_fw-la quis_fw-la baronum_fw-la vel_fw-la hominum_fw-la meorum_fw-la infirmabitur_fw-la sicut_fw-la ipse_fw-la dabit_fw-la vel_fw-la dare_v jusserit_fw-la disponet_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la svam_fw-la ita_fw-la datam_fw-la esse_fw-la concedo_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ipse_fw-la praeventus_fw-la vel_fw-la armis_fw-la vel_fw-la infirmitate_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la non_fw-la dederit_fw-la nec_fw-la dare_v disposuerit_fw-la uxor_fw-la sua_fw-la sive_fw-la liberi_fw-la aut_fw-la parent_n aut_fw-la legitimi_fw-la homines_fw-la ejus_fw-la eam_fw-la pro_fw-la animâ_fw-la ejus_fw-la dividant_a sicut_fw-la eye_v melius_fw-la visum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la and_o be_v seem_o no_o national_a provision_n no_o rule_n intend_v for_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o communality_n or_o if_o it_o be_v yet_o with_o such_o express_a full_a and_o free_a liberty_n inconsistent_a with_o this_o writ_n give_v by_o it_o to_o the_o party_n to_o dispose_v of_o his_o estate_n by_o will_n at_o his_o pleasure_n as_o tacit_o be_v grant_v both_o by_o that_o forecited_n 68_o law_n of_o king_n canutus_n and_o that_o other_o of_o his_o successor_n the_o confessor_n whereof_o also_o before_o so_o that_o admit_v or_o suppose_v a_o will_n the_o subsequent_a division_n or_o distribution_n prescribe_v by_o that_o law_n of_o hen._n 1._o take_v no_o place_n as_o by_o consequence_n neither_o do_v that_o reasonable_a or_o rateable_a part_n intend_v by_o this_o writ_n pass_o therefore_o hence_o let_v we_o next_o as_o next_o in_o order_n of_o time_n consult_v that_o oracle_n of_o the_o law_n judge_n glanvill_n live_v and_o write_v in_o hen._n 2._o day_n he_o indeed_o lib._n 7._o cap._n 5._o be_v express_v for_o this_o kind_n of_o tripartite_a division_n cum_fw-la quis_fw-la say_v he_o in_o infirmitate_fw-la positus_fw-la testamentum_fw-la facere_fw-la voluerit_fw-la si_fw-la debitis_fw-la non_fw-la sit_fw-la involutus_fw-la tunc_fw-la omnes_fw-la res_fw-la ejus_fw-la mobiles_fw-la in_o tres_fw-la part_n dividentur_fw-la aequales_fw-la quarum_fw-la una_fw-la debetur_fw-la heredi_fw-la secunda_fw-la uxori_fw-la tertia_fw-la verò_fw-la ipsi_fw-la reservatur_fw-la de_fw-la qua_fw-la tertiâ_fw-la liberam_fw-la habet_fw-la disponendi_fw-la facultatem_fw-la verùm_fw-la si_fw-la sine_fw-la uxore_fw-la decesserit_fw-la medietas_fw-la ipsi_fw-la reservatur_fw-la and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n again_o â—od_n lib._n cap._n 8._o si_fw-mi post_fw-la debitorum_fw-la acquietationem_fw-la aliquid_fw-la residuum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la tunc_fw-la id_fw-la quidem_fw-la in_o tres_fw-la part_n dividetur_fw-la modo_fw-la praedicto_fw-la he_o refer_v to_o the_o forecited_a five_o chapter_n et_fw-la de_fw-la tertia_fw-la parte_fw-la suum_fw-la ut_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la faciat_fw-la testamentum_fw-la to_o which_o kind_n of_o tripartite_a division_n he_o plain_o seem_v to_o refer_v and_o have_v respect_n afterward_o lib._n 12._o cap._n 20._o where_o he_o lay_v it_o down_o in_o terminis_fw-la as_o a_o thing_n recepti_fw-la juris_fw-la warrant_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o be_v the_o common_a law_n say_v de_fw-fr catallis_fw-la autem_fw-la these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n quae_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la praefati_fw-la r._n praecipio_fw-la quod_fw-la ea_fw-la omne_fw-la simul_fw-la &_o in_fw-la pace_fw-la esse_fw-la facias_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la inde_fw-la nil_fw-la amoveatur_fw-la nec_fw-la ad_fw-la divisam_fw-la svam_fw-la faciendam_fw-la nec_fw-la ad_fw-la aliam_fw-la rem_fw-la faciendam_fw-la donec_fw-la debita_fw-la sua_fw-la ex_fw-la integro_fw-la reddantur_fw-la reddatur_fw-la et_fw-fr de_fw-fr residuo_fw-la post_fw-la fiat_fw-la rationabilis_fw-la divisa_fw-la secundùm_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la terrae_fw-la meae_fw-la thus_o glanvill_n with_o who_o unanimous_o concur_v 125._o bracton_n and_o fleta_n hence_o now_o many_o learned_a man_n conclude_v this_o tripartite_a division_n and_o the_o writ_n wait_v thereupon_o to_o be_v rather_o by_o or_o at_o the_o common_a law_n than_o as_o be_v think_v by_o other_o and_o those_o learned_a man_n also_o by_o custom_n and_o that_o hereof_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 18._o express_o take_v notice_n in_o the_o savio_n or_o limitation_n at_o the_o end_n thus_o english_v save_v to_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n their_o reasonable_a part_n the_o opponent_n and_o such_o as_o take_v the_o contrary_a part_n endeavour_v to_o elude_v this_o as_o a_o matter_n rather_o of_o counsel_n than_o command_n so_o for_o example_n dr._n cowell_n instit_n li._n 2._o tit_n 13._o parag_n 2._o follow_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o his_o institutes_n pag._n 33._o who_o to_o assert_v his_o opinion_n in_o the_o negative_a his_o denial_n of_o the_o widow_n and_o child_n right_a to_o a_o reasonable_a part_n by_o the_o common_a law_n thus_o there_o add_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o save_v regular_o be_v to_o save_v a_o former_a right_n and_o not_o to_o give_v or_o create_v a_o new_a and_o therefore_o where_o such_o a_o custom_n be_v that_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n shall_v have_v the_o writ_n de_fw-fr rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la this_o statute_n save_v it_o and_o this_o writ_n do_v not_o lie_v without_o a_o a_o particular_a custom_n for_o the_o writ_n in_o the_o register_n be_v ground_v upon_o a_o custom_n which_o as_o have_v be_v say_v be_v save_v by_o this_o act._n but_o where_o go_v on_o he_o further_o add_v that_o bracton_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n quote_v for_o it_o as_o other_o swinbourne_n before_o he_o that_o place_n of_o bracton_n fol._n 61._o a._n neque_fw-la vxorem_fw-la neque_fw-la liberos_fw-la amplius_fw-la capere_fw-la de_fw-la bonis_fw-la defuncti_fw-la patris_fw-la vel_fw-la viri_fw-la mobilibus_fw-la quam_fw-la â—uerit_fw-la eye_n specialiter_fw-la relictum_fw-la nisi_fw-la hoc_fw-la sit_fw-la de_fw-la speciali_fw-la gratia_fw-la testaâ—oris_fw-la utpote_fw-la si_fw-la bene_fw-la meriti_fw-la in_o ejus_fw-la vita_fw-la fuerint_fw-la etc._n etc._n with_o submission_n they_o be_v both_o of_o they_o mistake_v that_o which_o bracton_n there_o deliver_v be_v a_o plain_a exception_n deviation_n and_o diversion_n from_o the_o general_a rule_n by_o he_o as_o by_o fleta_n after_o he_o totidem_fw-la verbis_fw-la just_a before_o lay_v down_o and_o take_v place_n only_o in_o city_n burrows_n and_o the_o like_a by_o particular_a custom_n of_o the_o place_n as_o among_o other_o ut_fw-la quidam_fw-la dicunt_fw-la say_v they_o in_o london_n and_o that_o upon_o this_o double_a consideration_n namely_o first_o the_o advancement_n of_o trade_v and_o traffic_n the_o life_n of_o all_o commonwealth_n especial_o of_o land_n which_o will_v be_v much_o encourage_v by_o this_o liberty_n leave_v to_o the_o merchant_n or_o trades-man_n to_o dispose_v of_o his_o labour_n and_o get_n where_o and_o how_o he_o see_v best_o and_o second_o the_o countenance_n of_o virtue_n and_o discountenance_v of_o her_o opposite_a vice_n when_o by_o a_o necessity_n lay_v upon_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n to_o comply_v with_o the_o husband_n and_o father_n in_o such_o way_n both_o of_o thrift_n and_o duty_n as_o may_v win_v and_o wear_v his_o love_n and_o consequent_o make_v he_o willing_a to_o requite_v their_o merit_n the_o virtuous_a shall_v be_v reward_v the_o vicious_a discard_a vix_fw-la enim_fw-la say_v they_o bracton_n and_o fleta_n both_o inveniretur_fw-la aliquis_fw-la civis_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o vita_fw-la magnum_fw-la quaestum_fw-la faceret_fw-la si_fw-la in_o morte_fw-la sua_fw-la cogeretur_fw-la invitus_fw-la bona_fw-la sua_fw-la relinquere_fw-la pveris_fw-la indoctis_fw-la &_o luxuriosis_fw-la &_o uxoribus_fw-la malè_fw-la meritis_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la necessarium_fw-la est_fw-la valde_fw-la quod_fw-la illis_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la parte_fw-la libera_fw-la facult_a as_o tribuatur_fw-la per_fw-la hoc_fw-la enim_fw-la tollet_fw-la maleficium_fw-la animabit_fw-la ad_fw-la virtutem_fw-la &_o tam_fw-la uxoribus_fw-la quam_fw-la liberis_fw-la benè_fw-la faciendi_fw-la dabit_fw-la occasionem_fw-la quod_fw-la quidem_fw-la non_fw-la fieret_fw-la si_fw-la sâ—_n scirent_fw-la indubitanter_fw-la certam_fw-la partem_fw-la obtinere_fw-la etiam_fw-la sine_fw-la testator_n be_v voluntate_fw-la and_o this_o i_o take_v it_o be_v the_o thing_n the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o maintenance_n of_o traffic_n much_o encourage_v by_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o free_a devise_n by_o glanvill_n though_o somewhat_o dark_o point_v at_o lib._n 1â—_n cap._n 11._o where_o acquaint_v we_o that_o a_o assize_n of_o mortdancester_n lie_v not_o for_o house_n or_o tenement_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o pass_v inter_fw-la catalla_fw-la in_o burrows_n as_o bracton_n and_o fleta_n inform_v we_o because_o of_o a_o great_a commodity_n redound_v to_o the_o kingdom_n by_o another_o kind_n of_o assize_n a_o establish_a course_n i_o suppose_v he_o mean_v warrant_v the_o liberty_n of_o a_o free_a devise_n of_o such_o thing_n tanquam_fw-la catalla_fw-la he_o say_v item_n ratione_fw-la burgagii_fw-la cessare_fw-la solet_fw-la assisa_fw-la per_fw-la aliam_fw-la assisam_fw-la excausa_fw-la majoris_fw-la utilitatis_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la constitutam_fw-la but_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v thus_o in_o london_n in_o those_o time_n when_o bracton_n and_o fleta_n write_v yet_o afterward_o it_o seem_v that_o custom_n of_o a_o free_a and_o arbitrary_a devise_n cease_v and_o haply_o upon_o those_o counter-ground_n or_o contrary_a consideration_n bring_v and_o lay_v down_o
purpose_n have_v forisfactur_n as_o habet_fw-la rex_fw-la super_fw-la omnes_fw-la alodiarios_fw-la totius_fw-la comitatus_fw-la chent_fw-fr &_o super_fw-la homines_fw-la ipsorum_fw-la and_o in_o cantia_n quando_fw-la moritur_fw-la alodiarius_n rex_fw-la inde_fw-la habet_fw-la relevationem_fw-la terrae_fw-la excepta_fw-la terrae_fw-la s._n trinitatis_fw-la &_o s._n augustini_fw-la &_o s._n martini_n &_o exceptis_fw-la his_o godric_n de_fw-fr burnes_n &_o godric_n the_o carlesone_n &_o aelnold_n cilt_v &_o esber_n biga_fw-la siret_fw-la de_fw-fr cilleham_n these_o last_o three_o be_v mention_v also_o in_o the_o survey_n there_o of_o canterbury_n among_o those_o who_o land_n be_v sac_n and_o soc-free_a i._n e._n quit_v against_o the_o king_n of_o sac_n and_o soc_n &_o turgis_n &_o norman_a &_o azor._fw-la super_fw-la istos_fw-la habet_fw-la rex_fw-la forisfactur_n be_fw-mi de_fw-fr capitibus_fw-la eorum_fw-la tantummodc_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr terris_fw-la eorum_fw-la habent_fw-la relevamen_fw-la qui_fw-la habent_fw-la svam_fw-la socam_fw-la &_o sacam_fw-la i_o rather_o read_v it_o habent_fw-la than_o habet_fw-la relevamen_fw-la because_o by_o charter_n both_o of_o the_o cathedral_n and_o st._n augustine_n abbey_n of_o those_o succeed_a time_n i_o find_v the_o monk_n in_o each_o place_n privilege_v with_o the_o liberty_n of_o sac_n and_o soc_n etc._n etc._n over_o their_o allodiarii_n as_o term_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o latter_a place_n over_o their_o thegnes_fw-la or_o thegnes_fw-la theine_n as_o in_o the_o former_a in_o what_o form_n of_o word_n see_v in_o theine_n the_o charter_n of_o each_o place_n for_o illustration_n sake_n copy_v in_o the_o appendix_n here_o scripture_n 19_o and_o 20._o and_o lest_o these_o various_a term_n allodiarii_n and_o thegnes_fw-la render_v they_o of_o a_o seem_a difference_n shall_v occasion_v any_o suspicion_n of_o their_o being_n not_o the_o same_o for_o your_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o contrary_a take_v this_o note_n 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which_o make_v no_o slight_a mention_n of_o such_o threnge_n belong_v to_o the_o monk_n there_o in_o these_o very_a word_n quia_fw-la verò_fw-la non_fw-la erant_fw-la adhuc_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la will_v mi_o milites_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it sed_fw-la threnge_n praecepit_fw-la rex_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-fr eye_n milites_fw-la fierent_fw-la ad_fw-la terram_fw-la defendendam_fw-la fecit_fw-la autem_fw-la lanfrancus_fw-la threngos_fw-la suos_fw-la milites_fw-la monachi_fw-la verò_fw-la non_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la sed_fw-la de_fw-la portione_fw-la sua_fw-la ducentas_fw-la libratas_fw-la terrae_fw-la dederunt_fw-la archiepiscope_n ut_fw-la per_fw-la milites_fw-la suos_fw-la terras_fw-la eorum_fw-la defenderet_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la omne_fw-la negotia_fw-la eorum_fw-la apud_fw-la curiam_fw-la romanam_fw-la suis_fw-la expensis_fw-la expediret_fw-la unde_fw-la ad_fw-la huc_fw-la in_o tota_fw-la terra_fw-la monachorum_fw-la nullus_fw-la mile_n est_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o this_o purpose_n gervasius_n dorobernensis_n than_o a_o monk_n of_o the_o place_n speak_v of_o the_o archbishop_n divide_v the_o revenue_n between_o himself_o and_o the_o monk_n sibi_fw-la etiam_fw-la say_v he_o râ—servaverunt_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &_o milites_fw-la monachis_fw-la verò_fw-la assignaverunt_fw-la rusticos_fw-la &_o agricultores_fw-la these_o threnge_n doubtless_o be_v the_o same_o which_o in_o domesday-book_n be_v somewhere_o call_v drench_n and_o drench_n if_o so_o your_o best_a satisfaction_n what_o they_o be_v will_v be_v from_o the_o word_n explication_n in_o sir_n hen._n spelman_n glossary_a but_o i_o think_v lay_v these_o record_n concern_v they_o together_o and_o then_o compare_v they_o wiâ—h_v the_o forecited_n ancient_a charter_n of_o liberty_n grant_v to_o the_o monk_n of_o christchurch_n and_o st._n augustine_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n and_o domesday-book_n on_o the_o other_o drench_n threnge_n thegnes_fw-la one_o 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a_o cause_n as_o our_o learned_a glossarist_n from_o a_o record_n by_o he_o there_o cite_v be_v assign_v for_o it_o some_o reason_n there_o be_v to_o doubt_v from_o the_o mention_n of_o the_o term_n synonimy_n threnge_n in_o that_o record_n of_o christchurch_n as_o know_v in_o that_o notion_n here_o before_o the_o conquest_n whereas_o the_o other_o say_v they_o take_v name_n first_o after_o it_o if_o before_o it_o as_o the_o christchurch_n record_n than_o i_o see_v i_o think_v some_o cause_n to_o suspect_v the_o term_n corrupt_v from_o thegnes_fw-la i_o thanes_z which_o clear_o that_o cathedral_n have_v before_o the_o conquest_n on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o record_n in_o the_o glossary_a be_v right_a and_o that_o withal_o threnge_n drench_n thegnes_fw-la and_o allodiarii_fw-la be_v as_o all_o the_o forecited_n authority_n lay_v together_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v synonima_n term_n identical_a then_o be_v our_o kentish_a allodiarii_n such_o as_o have_v not_o revolt_v from_o the_o crown_n by_o oppose_v the_o conqueror_n whether_o by_o their_o aid_n or_o counsel_n but_o have_v peaceable_o submit_v to_o he_o and_o his_o empire_n while_o consequent_o other_o of_o the_o county_n oppose_v withstand_v and_o resist_v he_o and_o his_o come_n in_o have_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la forfeit_v their_o possession_n and_o if_o so_o than_o spot_n history_n whereof_o so_o much_o before_o may_v well_o deserve_v yet_o another_o dash_n or_o if_o you_o will_v another_o spot_n but_o thus_o far_o of_o allodium_fw-la as_o also_o of_o what_o induce_v it_o bocland_n which_o as_o to_o the_o name_n almost_o quite_o cease_v with_o the_o saxon_n though_o as_o to_o the_o thing_n it_o survive_v some_o time_n after_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o allodium_fw-la into_o which_o it_o be_v translate_v of_o the_o norman_n here_o and_o of_o they_o so_o alter_v also_o in_o the_o very_a thing_n that_o it_o become_v thus_o far_o subject_a unto_o tenure_n as_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o learned_a 390._o man_n it_o be_v land_n as_o we_o say_v hold_v and_o so_o account_v whence_o in_o time_n that_o common_a and_o receive_a fee_n axiom_n among_o we_o that_o in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n since_o the_o conquest_n at_o least_o we_o have_v not_o proper_o allodium_fw-la that_o be_v not_o any_o subject_n land_n that_o be_v not_o hold_v in_o which_o respect_n as_o one_o supra_fw-la say_v he_o that_o can_v say_v most_o for_o his_o estate_n say_v thus_o i_o be_o seize_v of_o this_o or_o that_o land_n or_o tenement_n in_o my_o demain_fw-fr as_o of_o fee_n seisitus_fw-la inde_fw-la in_o dominico_fw-la meo_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v most_o true_a at_o this_o day_n but_o under_o favour_n it_o be_v otherwise_o since_o the_o conquest_n witness_n beside_o domesday-book_n where_o the_o opposite_a to_o fee_n allodium_fw-la be_v very_o obvious_a those_o charter_n aforecited_a the_o one_o of_o st._n laurence_n the_o other_o of_o christchurch_n and_o such_o like_a mention_v land_n hold_v by_o the_o author_n or_o owner_n for_o which_o they_o be_v responsible_a to_o none_o as_o also_o the_o pinenden_n plea_n for_o the_o archbishop_n land_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o grant_n in_o alodium_n mention_v in_o eadmerus_n evidence_v clear_o the_o contrary_a and_o assert_v some_o of_o they_o the_o continuance_n of_o such_o creation_n from_o the_o king_n to_o who_o after_o textus_fw-la roffensis_fw-la
in_o the_o kentish_a custumal_a and_o because_o this_o of_o partition_n among_o the_o rest_n proper_o depend_v of_o custom_n as_o thwart_v the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n in_o like_a case_n hence_o the_o quaere_fw-la grow_v at_o first_o whether_o gavelkynd_n be_v a_o custom_n or_o a_o tenure_n indeed_o a_o very_a improper_a and_o incongruous_a quaere_fw-la and_o occasion_v by_o the_o want_n of_o that_o distinction_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la from_o the_o species_n which_o through_o inadvertencie_n be_v here_o confound_v gavelkynd_n be_v the_o genus_fw-la &_o partition_n the_o species_n so_o that_o if_o we_o shall_v but_o reddere_fw-la singula_fw-la singulis_fw-la this_o doubt_n will_v quick_o have_v a_o end_n gavelkynd_n general_o speak_v of_o and_o in_o gross_a be_v the_o tenure_n particular_o and_o with_o reference_n to_o this_o partition_n it_o be_v a_o custom_n accompany_v the_o land_n of_o that_o tenure_n or_o if_o you_o rather_o will_v not_o gavelkynd_n be_v the_o tenure_n partition_n and_o the_o other_o property_n the_o nature_n which_o solution_n give_v occasion_n of_o another_o quaere_fw-la and_o that_o indeed_o a_o main_a one_o whether_o namely_o this_o custom_n of_o partition_n in_o gavelkynd-land_n be_v so_o inherent_a in_o the_o land_n and_o so_o inseparable_a from_o it_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o tenure_n of_o the_o land_n be_v alter_v yet_o the_o land_n shall_v stâ—â—l_o retain_v this_o property_n no_o more_o i_o take_v it_o than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o fellow-property_n as_o much_o depend_v upon_o custom_n as_o that_o and_o for_o which_o the_o land_n may_v deserve_v the_o name_n of_o gavelkynd_n as_o well_o as_o for_o that_o and_o therefore_o some_o perhaps_o will_v say_v it_o shall_v retain_v they_o all_o indifferent_o i_o shall_v not_o here_o engage_v as_o a_o opponent_n only_o invite_v by_o this_o fair_a occasion_n crave_v leave_n to_o propound_v academical_o what_o in_o like_a case_n i_o find_v deliver_v by_o other_o conduce_v in_o my_o judgement_n to_o facilitate_v the_o resolution_n leave_v it_o to_o such_o as_o have_v more_o will_n to_o debate_n and_o better_a skill_n to_o decide_v the_o question_n than_o myself_o to_o give_v a_o full_a and_o more_o peremptory_a resolution_n in_o the_o point_n i_o may_v i_o take_v it_o not_o improper_o state_n the_o question_n thus_o whether_o the_o person_n in_o this_o case_n shall_v follow_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o land_n or_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o land_n that_o of_o the_o person_n the_o former_a it_o seem_v take_v place_n in_o paris_n the_o french_a metropolis_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n whence_o that_o of_o choppinus_n treat_v of_o those_o custom_n pag._n 316._o parisiensi_fw-la iâ—â—em_fw-la municâ—piâ—_fw-la say_v he_o quod_fw-la gentilitiâ_fw-la pariter_fw-la sulget_fw-la nobilitate_fw-la clarorum_fw-la virorum_fw-la usus_fw-la familiae_fw-la herciscundae_fw-la minus_fw-la est_fw-la obnoxius_fw-la invidiae_fw-la ubi_fw-la scilicet_fw-la non_fw-la persunarum_fw-la sed_fw-la fundorum_fw-la conditio_fw-la nobilis_fw-la plebeiave_v part_n assignat_fw-la to_o which_o he_o add_v a_o little_a after_o hâ—â—d_a ideâ—_n tamen_fw-la dividundarum_fw-la haereditatum_fw-la ratiâ—_n immutata_fw-la est_fw-la parisiis_fw-la cum_fw-la nobiles_fw-la fundos_fw-la plebeii_fw-la nobiliter_fw-la &_o ignobiles_fw-la aequojure_v generosi_fw-la invitem_fw-la partiantur_fw-la to_o the_o same_o purpose_n 57_o our_o author_n elsewhere_o â—els_v we_o that_o priseo_fw-la quodem_fw-la gâ—llici_n fori_fw-la usu_fw-la plebeius_fw-la fundus_fw-la haud_fw-la ideo_fw-la pristinam_fw-la exuebat_fw-la conditionem_fw-la quòd_fw-la à _fw-la recto_fw-la ipsius_fw-la domino_fw-la aere_fw-la comparatus_fw-la esset_fw-la ni_fw-fr ejus_fw-la nomine_fw-la comparator_n in_fw-la clientelam_fw-la se_fw-la unà _fw-la cum_fw-la superiore_fw-la fundo_fw-la svo_fw-la ad_fw-la patronum_fw-la contulisset_fw-la which_o his_o margin_n elsewhere_o 40._o record_v thus_o anciennement_fw-fr les_fw-fr roture_n aâ—quises_n par_fw-fr le_fw-fr scigneur_fw-fr direct_a se_fw-fr partageoient_fw-fr returierement_n si_fw-la non_fw-la que_fw-fr le_fw-fr dit_fw-fr acquereur_fw-fr les_fw-fr comprint_n en_fw-fr l'adveu_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fief_n le_fw-fr rendant_fw-fr au_fw-fr superieur_fw-fr thus_o go_v it_o seem_v the_o more_o ancient_a custom_n in_o those_o part_n but_o tempora_fw-la mutantur_fw-la the_o case_n of_o latter_a time_n be_v alter_v there_o as_o the_o same_o author_n give_v we_o to_o understand_v in_o both_o the_o last_o fore_n cite_v place_n at_o postâ—rioris_fw-la aevi_fw-la jurisprudentia_fw-la mutatis_fw-la calculis_fw-la novam_fw-la invexit_fw-la servientis_fw-la fundi_fw-la unionem_fw-la tacitam_fw-la &_o consolidationem_fw-la cum_fw-la altero_fw-la dominante_fw-la ac_fw-la parem_fw-la adeo_fw-la utriusque_fw-la qualitatem_fw-la praenobilem_fw-la ni_fw-fr si_fw-la illius_fw-la emptor_n subinde_fw-la contestationem_fw-la interposuisset_fw-la contrariae_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la thus_o in_o the_o former_a place_n in_o the_o latter_a thus_o nostrae_fw-la tamen_fw-la aetatis_fw-la moribus_fw-la diversum_fw-la obtinuit_fw-la censuales_fw-la nempe_fw-la &_o obnoxios_fw-la agros_fw-la solâ_fw-la per_fw-la rectum_fw-la dominum_fw-la acquisitione_n prorsus_fw-la uniri_fw-la in_fw-la unúmque_fw-la redigi_fw-la cum_fw-la praedio_fw-la dominante_fw-la nisi_fw-la protinus_fw-la emptor_n contrariae_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la testationem_fw-la interposuisset_fw-la the_o effect_n of_o both_o be_v this_o that_o censual_a land_n by_o purchase_n come_v unto_o the_o direct_a lord_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n or_o over_o lord_n aâ—e_v ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la feudal_n and_o shall_v according_o descend_v as_o thereby_o reunite_v to_o the_o fee_n unless_o the_o buyer_n at_o the_o time_n of_o purchase_n do_v protest_v to_o the_o contrary_n will_v you_o please_v to_o hear_v his_o reason_n unionis_fw-la nempe_fw-la vis_fw-la illa_fw-la eo_fw-la producitur_fw-la ut_fw-la ignobile_fw-la praedium_fw-la militari_fw-la junctum_fw-la nobilitetur_fw-la eque_fw-la plebeio_fw-la as_o soâ—â—_n vectigalibus_fw-la obnoxio_fw-la transeat_fw-la in_o feudâ—lis_fw-la clientelae_fw-la sortem_fw-la liberiorem_fw-la thus_o he_o de_fw-fr moribus_fw-la parisior_n pag._n 58._o much_o what_o one_o with_o that_o in_o the_o other_o place_n de_n domanio_fw-la francia_fw-la pag._n 41._o quoniam_fw-la tacita_fw-la praediorum_fw-la union_n confusa_fw-la erant_fw-la jura_fw-la servitutum_fw-la census_fw-la &_o solarii_fw-la vectigalis_fw-la cum_fw-la rei_fw-la propriae_fw-la nulla_fw-la superforet_fw-la servitus_fw-la exâ—ndéque_fw-la vectigalis_fw-la sundi_fw-la qualitas_fw-la esset_fw-la immutata_fw-la thus_o he_o who_o see_v also_o if_o you_o please_v de_fw-fr domanio_fw-la gallicâ—_n pag._n 168._o num_fw-la 2._o also_o pag._n 284._o num_fw-la 1._o to_o who_o add_v hotoman_a de_fw-fr feudis_fw-la lib_n 1._o do_fw-mi 5._o parag_n 2._o in_o fine_a you_o see_v by_o this_o how_o the_o present_a case_n stand_v in_o some_o part_n abroad_o here_o at_o home_n as_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o very_a custumal_a of_o kent_n in_o two_o several_a case_n therein_o specify_v the_o descent_n of_o gavelkynd-land_n be_v changeable_a and_o the_o land_n become_v unpartible_a first_o namely_o when_o by_o escheat_n happen_v either_o by_o death_n or_o cessavit_fw-la next_o when_o by_o the_o tenant_n voluntary_a surrender_n it_o come_v into_o his_o lord_n hand_n who_o hold_v by_o fee_n of_o haubert_n or_o by_o grand_a sergeanty_n both_o which_o 537._o mr._n lambard_n take_v to_o be_v knight-service_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v two_o other_o case_n which_o occur_v in_o a_o ancient_a kentish_a eire_n in_o the_o exchequer_n ann_n 29._o edw._n 1._o where_o enquiry_n be_v make_v and_o the_o question_n propound_v to_o the_o kentish_a man_n how_o many_o way_n gavelkynd-land_n may_v be_v alter_v and_o deliver_v from_o the_o ordinary_a and_o custumary_a descent_n answer_n be_v give_v by_o four_o instance_v in_o the_o two_o former_a and_o to_o they_o add_v those_o other_o two_o namely_o 1_o per_fw-la licentiam_fw-la regis_fw-la by_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o 2._o per_fw-la chartam_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la by_o the_o archbishop_n end_n charter_n against_o this_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n inter_fw-la alia_fw-la may_v be_v oppose_v what_o be_v plead_v in_o the_o fore-remembred_n controversy_n between_o burgade_n bend_n and_o the_o prior_n and_o covent_n of_o christchurch_n canterbury_n wherein_o the_o prior_n in_o bar_n of_o burga_n claim_n to_o the_o moiety_n of_o he_o and_o the_o monk_n manor_n in_o franc_n bank_n 5._o plead_v quod_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la qui_fw-la manerium_fw-la illud_fw-la deait_fw-fr praedecessoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la non_fw-la tenuit_fw-la illud_fw-la nomine_fw-la gavelkinde_n whence_o admit_v the_o plea_n for_o law_n natural_o seem_v to_o result_v this_o double_a consectary_n 1._o that_o the_o king_n may_v hold_v land_n in_o gavelkynd_n 2._o that_o the_o king_n hold_v land_n in_o gavelkynd_n in_o case_n he_o shall_v grant_v it_o away_o to_o any_o religious_a house_n in_o puram_fw-la &_o perpetuam_fw-la eleêmosynam_fw-la in_o frankalmoigne_n it_o remain_v notwithstanding_o partible_a as_o before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n in_o their_o hand_n at_o least_o who_o the_o religious_a man_n shall_v infeoff_v with_o it_o much_o more_o doubtless_o may_v be_v say_v in_o the_o point_n as_o well_o pro_fw-la as_o contra_fw-la but_o i_o shall_v leave_v it_o to_o be_v further_o argue_v by_o lawyer_n add_v only_o in_o a_o word_n what_o upon_o the_o whole_a
gavel-reâ—ter_a etc._n etc._n whereof_o also_o i_o shall_v entreat_v further_o by_o and_o by_o be_v it_o then_o last_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o land_n mere_a descent_n in_o this_o kind_n to_o all_o the_o heir_n alike_o suppose_v a_o plurality_n of_o heir_n be_v all_o the_o regard_n those_o ancestor_n of_o we_o have_v to_o sway_v and_o regulate_v their_o judgement_n by_o to_o who_o the_o name_n the_o term_n do_v owe_v its_o first_o original_n be_v that_o in_o probability_n ground_n enough_o to_o satisfy_v they_o of_o the_o congruity_n and_o suitableness_n of_o the_o name_n to_o and_o with_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n name_v as_o name_n we_o know_v shall_v suis_fw-la be_v vix_fw-la credo_fw-la i_o doubt_v it_o for_o my_o part_n in_o brief_a then_o to_o recollect_v what_o have_v be_v say_v 1._o if_o female_n be_v capable_a of_o this_o succession_n as_o well_o as_o male_n where_o the_o male_a issue_n fail_v 2._o if_o collateral_a kindred_n be_v capable_a thereof_o as_o well_o as_o those_o in_o the_o descendent_a line_n where_o such_o heir_n be_v want_v in_o both_o which_o kind_n gavelkynd_n land_n differ_v not_o from_o that_o at_o the_o common_a law_n 3._o if_o corporation_n may_v hold_v land_n in_o gavelkynd_n 4._o if_o such_o land_n may_v be_v pass_v away_o to_o mere_a stranger_n from_o the_o right_a heir_n 5._o if_o none_o may_v proper_o be_v call_v gavelkynd-land_n where_o a_o accustomable_a partition_n have_v not_o make_v way_n for_o it_o 6._o if_o there_o be_v partible_a land_n elsewhere_o out_o of_o kent_n that_o be_v not_o call_v gavelkynd_n 7._o if_o gavel_n the_o forepart_n of_o the_o word_n find_v in_o some_o record_n of_o land_n out_o of_o kent_n and_o of_o other_o in_o kent_n will_v not_o bear_v the_o derivation_n of_o it_o from_o gifeeal_n without_o absurdity_n 8._o and_o last_o if_o name_n be_v to_o be_v impose_v with_o respect_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o what_o be_v sapient_a name_v then_o be_v gavelkynd_n after_o these_o man_n premise_a derivation_n in_o some_o sort_n a_o very_a scant_a narrow_a and_o partial_a in_o other_o a_o most_o incongruous_a and_o improper_a term_n to_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n by_o sure_o there_o be_v somewhat_o more_o peculiar_a to_o gavelkynd-land_n and_o of_o more_o note_n and_o eminency_n in_o it_o better_a serve_v to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o other_o kind_n of_o land_n than_o this_o derivation_n of_o they_o seem_v to_o intimate_v and_o which_o first_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o imposition_n of_o that_o name_n upon_o it_o which_o lead_v i_o to_o my_o other_o the_o positive_a or_o affirmative_a proposition_n assert_v the_o true_a sense_n and_o construction_n of_o the_o term_n and_o show_v whence_o it_o be_v at_o first_o impose_v and_o afterward_o continue_v wherein_o i_o must_v confess_v mr._n lambard_n be_v as_o happy_a signify_v to_o go_v right_a in_o the_o latter_a of_o his_o two_o conjecture_n as_o he_o be_v before_o unlucky_a to_o miss_v of_o the_o right_n in_o his_o former_a yet_o in_o this_o passive_o unhappy_a though_o that_o the_o former_a through_o the_o advantage_n aforementioned_a whole_o take_v and_o be_v accept_v of_o all_o while_o the_o latter_a be_v receive_v and_o embrace_v of_o none_o but_o no_o great_a marvel_n since_o while_o some_o through_o ignorance_n can_v not_o judge_v of_o other_o haply_o for_o company_n will_v not_o question_v so_o plausible_a a_o derivation_n but_o to_o the_o purpose_n to_o such_o as_o be_v any_o thing_n verse_v in_o saxon_a monument_n gafol_n be_v a_o word_n very_o obvious_a but_o vary_v sometime_o in_o the_o dialect_n as_o be_v write_v now_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d anon_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d here_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d there_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o shall_v give_v you_o a_o few_o instance_n where_o it_o occurr_n and_o in_o what_o sense_n tribute_n mention_v in_o the_o 17_o of_o st._n matthews_n gospel_n verse_n 24_o and_o 25_o as_o also_o in_o the_o 22_o of_o the_o same_o evangelist_n verse_n 17_o &_o 19_o be_v in_o the_o saxon_a translation_n of_o the_o gospel_n turn_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o 25_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o gospel_n at_o the_o 27_o verse_n it_o serve_v to_o express_v what_o there_o in_o our_o modern_a english_a translation_n be_v call_v in_o some_o book_n advantage_n in_o other_o usury_n agreeable_a to_o that_o in_o the_o saxon_a psalter_n psal_n 54._o vers_fw-la 11._o where_o usura_fw-la in_o the_o latin_a in_o the_o marginal_a version_n or_o read_n of_o the_o word_n be_v render_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d occur_v in_o the_o first_o of_o king_n withred_n law_n of_o sir_n henry_n spelmans_fw-mi edition_n in_o the_o first_o volume_n of_o the_o council_n pag._n 194._o be_v of_o that_o learned_a knight_n expound_v to_o we_o by_o redditus_fw-la vel_fw-la pensiones_fw-la as_o it_o be_v again_o in_o his_o latin_a version_n of_o pope_n agatho's_n decretal_a epistle_n pag._n 164._o of_o the_o same_o council_n by_o redditus_fw-la in_o a_o old_a sanction_n of_o king_n edgar_n recite_v by_o mr._n selden_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o aedmerus_fw-la pag._n 153._o what_o be_v there_o in_o the_o latin_a read_n solitus_fw-la census_fw-la in_o the_o interlineary_a saxon_a version_n we_o find_v render_v there_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hereunto_o i_o may_v add_v heap_n of_o instance_n take_v from_o the_o saxon_a law_n the_o mare_n clausum_fw-la and_o elsewhere_o but_o i_o forbear_v to_o exspatiate_v and_o to_o be_v short_a gafol_n be_v a_o word_n which_o as_o gablum_fw-la in_o doomsday-book_n the_o skilful_a in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n with_o sir_n hen._n spelman_n elsewhere_o turn_v by_o what_o gabella_n be_v expound_v gabellâ—_n abroad_o viz._n vectigal_n portorium_n tributum_fw-la exactio_fw-la census_n in_o latin_a but_o in_o english_a with_o verstegan_n tribute_n tax_n or_o custom_n to_o which_o with_o 529._o mr._n lambard_n and_o 2._o sr._n edw._n coke_n let_v i_o add_v rent_n witness_n beside_o the_o former_a quotation_n what_o occurr_v in_o a_o ancient_a will_n or_o deed_n cant._n of_o one_o athelwird_n the_o donor_n of_o certain_a land_n at_o ickham_n in_o kent_n to_o the_o cathedral_n at_o canterbury_n in_o the_o year_n of_o man_n redemption_n 958._o where_o you_o may_v read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d heâ—eâ—_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n and_o anon_o after_o again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o former_a of_o which_o passage_n under_o favour_n of_o the_o skilful_a in_o that_o language_n i_o shall_v render_v thus_o in_o our_o modern_a english_a after_o his_o day_n or_o death_n eadrith_n if_o he_o live_v shall_v enjoy_v or_o use_n it_o yield_v that_o rent_n which_o be_v impose_v on_o it_o that_o be_v v_o pound_n and_o every_o year_n or_o yearly_o one_o day_n farm_n or_o victual_n unto_o the_o covent_n that_o be_v xl_o measure_n call_v sextary_n of_o ale_n 12._o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o latter_a thus_o with_o the_o same_o or_o like_o rend_v that_o herein_o be_v appoint_v let_v i_o add_v what_o in_o another_o like_a record_n both_o for_o time_n and_o place_n occurr_v thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v and_o after_o both_o their_o day_n or_o death_n let_v eadsith_v the_o archbishop_n if_o he_o survive_v they_o have_v or_o take_v these_o land_n or_o else_o his_o successor_n for_o the_o time_n be_v unless_o some_o friend_n of_o they_o by_o or_o with_o the_o arch-bishop_n favour_n may_v continue_v to_o hold_v that_o land_n at_o or_o upon_o the_o accustom_a rent_n ur_fw-la upon_o what_o other_o contract_n or_o condition_n may_v be_v have_v or_o make_v with_o the_o archbishop_n then_o live_v or_o for_o the_o time_n be_v i_o shall_v add_v but_o one_o instance_n more_o from_o the_o grant_n of_o bocking_n a_o know_a place_n in_o essex_n to_o the_o same_o cathedral_n by_o one_o ethelrich_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 997._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v and_o i_o also_o give_v those_o two_o hide_n of_o land_n that_o eadrith_n rent_v or_o hire_v yearly_a for_o half_a a_o pound_n so_o that_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v clear_a that_o ponere_fw-la terram_fw-la ad_fw-la gablum_fw-la be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o hire_v or_o let_v out_o land_v by_o or_o for_o rent_n or_o farm_n and_o by_o consequence_n terra_fw-la ad_fw-la gablum_fw-la posita_fw-la take_v in_o its_o proper_a and_o genuine_a acception_n be_v land_n hire_v or_o let_v out_o to_o farm_n or_o for_o rent_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o word_n it_o comprehend_v beside_o all_o censual_a or_o tributary_n land_n as_o also_o what_o we_o call_v customary_a land_n in_o that_o sense_n wherein_o consuetudines_fw-la custom_n denote_v 58._o service_n and_o so_o take_v in_o all_o rent-service_n land_n which_o with_o our_o saxon_a ancestor_n who_o call_v the_o
but_o because_o it_o be_v land_n which_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o appertein_v not_o to_o the_o gentry_n but_o to_o the_o yeomanry_n who_o name_n or_o house_n they_o care_v not_o so_o much_o to_o uphold_v by_o keep_v the_o inheritance_n to_o the_o elder_a brother_n and_o thus_o at_o length_n though_o it_o be_v like_a enough_o from_o small_a beginning_n as_o many_o time_n great_a stream_n have_v but_o narrow_a fountain_n it_o become_v so_o spread_v and_o diffuse_v over_o all_o the_o county_n that_o what_o be_v not_o knight-service_n but_o socage-land_n or_o of_o socage_n tenure_n be_v in_o time_n in_o mr._n lambards_n phrase_n apparel_v with_o the_o name_n and_o as_o may_v be_v add_v qualify_v with_o the_o property_n of_o gavelkynd_n and_o hence_o also_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v both_o that_o we_o very_o rare_o or_o never_o meet_v with_o any_o land_n there_o at_o this_o day_n other_o than_o knight-service_n land_n that_o be_v not_o of_o gavelkynd_n nature_n and_o of_o a_o partible_a descent_n and_o that_o withal_o both_o our_o print_a and_o manuscript_n custumal_n whether_o general_a or_o particular_a use_v never_o a_o word_n of_o socage_n tenure_n but_o of_o gavelkynder_n tenant_n in_o gavelkynd_n tenement_n of_o gavelkynd_n and_o such_o like_a as_o mr._n lambard_n observe_v pag._n 544._o and_o notwithstanding_o the_o ancient_a print_a custumal_a in_o tottell_n claim_v freedom_n only_o to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o gavelkynder_n which_o may_v be_v the_o true_a read_n yet_o mr._n lambards_n may_v especial_o at_o this_o day_n pass_v well_o enough_o by_o who_o copy_n it_o be_v claim_v as_o due_a to_o all_o the_o kentish_a man_n in_o general_a as_o for_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o commons_o by_o common_a intendment_n such_o at_o this_o day_n but_o of_o these_o thing_n hitherto_o yet_o ere_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o proposition_n let_v i_o discharge_v myself_o of_o a_o late_a promise_n for_o inquiry_n into_o the_o follow_a emergent_a whether_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la lie_v reader_n at_o the_o common_a law_n or_o by_o custom_n this_o writ_n be_v ground_v and_o depend_v on_o a_o tripartite_a division_n of_o a_o man_n personal_a estate_n whether_o die_v testate_a or_o intestate_a and_o leave_v behind_o he_o wife_n and_o child_n as_o in_o case_n he_o leave_v only_o a_o wife_n and_o no_o child_n or_o child_n only_o and_o no_o wife_n upon_o a_o bipartite_a in_o the_o former_a of_o which_o case_n one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o good_n belong_v to_o the_o widow_n another_o to_o the_o child_n and_o the_o three_o call_v the_o deaths-part_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o defunct_a to_o be_v dispose_v either_o by_o himself_o as_o he_o shall_v see_v good_a by_o his_o will_n or_o for_o he_o if_o he_o die_v intestate_a by_o the_o ordinary_a in_o pios_fw-la usus_fw-la in_o the_o latter_a case_n one_o moiety_n fall_v to_o the_o widow_n or_o to_o the_o child_n as_o the_o case_n shall_v be_v and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o dead_a as_o before_z in_o both_o case_n to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o decease_a each_o of_o they_o a_o rateable_a part_n provide_v that_o such_o child_n be_v not_o his_o father_n heir_n or_o be_v not_o otherwise_o advance_v by_o he_o in_o his_o life_n time_n unless_o haply_o for_o hereof_o there_o be_v some_o question_n wave_v that_o his_o former_a portion_n he_o shall_v choose_v rather_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o land_n to_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o partition_n by_o the_o way_n of_o hodgepodge_n which_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o civilian_n hodgepodge_n collatio_fw-la bonorum_fw-la or_o the_o lumbards_n missio_fw-la in_fw-la confusum_fw-la see_v dr._n cowell_n and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o hodgepodge_n now_o that_o there_o be_v any_o certain_a or_o definite_a part_n or_o portion_n of_o the_o decease_v good_n or_o estate_n whether_o real_a or_o personal_a any_o quota_fw-la pars_fw-la or_o legitima_fw-la as_o the_o civilian_n term_v it_o by_o any_o custom_n here_o national_o observe_v due_a to_o the_o widow_n or_o child_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n do_v not_o that_o i_o can_v find_v appear_v by_o any_o law_n or_o other_o monument_n of_o they_o now_o extant_a the_o plain_a and_o most_o visible_a footstep_n of_o that_o tripartite_a division_n or_o partition_n by_o this_o writ_n intend_v appear_v in_o that_o remarkable_a place_n of_o venerable_a bede_n ecclesiastical_a history_n lib._n 5._o cap._n 13._o where_o we_o read_v of_o one_o who_o testatorlike_o dispose_v of_o his_o substance_n or_o estate_n omnem_fw-la quam_fw-la possederat_fw-la substantiam_fw-la in_fw-la tres_fw-la divisit_fw-la portiones_fw-la eâ—quibus_fw-la unam_fw-la conjugi_fw-la alteram_fw-la filiis_fw-la tradidit_fw-la tertiam_fw-la sibiipsi_fw-la retentans_fw-la statim_fw-la pauperibus_fw-la distribuit_fw-la the_o saxon_a read_v have_v it_o more_o for_o our_o purpose_n thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o mark_n the_o three_o part_n be_v there_o say_v to_o belong_v to_o himself_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n plain_o insinuate_v that_o the_o other_o two_o as_o right_o appertein_v to_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n each_o of_o they_o a_o three_o but_o withal_o observe_v that_o this_o be_v the_o act_n of_o a_o housekeeper_n in_o the_o province_n or_o region_n as_o there_o call_v of_o northumberland_n paterfamilias_fw-la in_o region_fw-la northanâ—ymbrorum_n etc._n etc._n so_o be_v he_o describe_v and_o such_o a_o testimony_n indeed_o it_o be_v as_o make_v much_o i_o confess_v for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o that_o custom_n of_o a_o tripartite_a division_n yet_o survive_v and_o currant_n in_o those_o northern_a quarter_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o whither_o in_o right_a construction_n extensive_a any_o further_o or_o conclude_v for_o a_o national_a custom_n in_o that_o particular_a especial_o since_o traceable_a in_o few_o other_o part_n or_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o any_o late_a or_o elder_a footstep_n i_o think_v may_v well_o be_v doubt_v to_o proceed_v then_o for_o i_o intend_v to_o state_n and_o handle_v the_o point_n rather_o as_o a_o historian_n relate_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n than_o as_o a_o disputant_n argue_v the_o case_n as_o for_o that_o law_n or_o constitution_n of_o 425._o king_n edmund_n which_o some_o insist_v upon_o for_o the_o widow_n right_a to_o a_o moiety_n of_o the_o estate_n if_o she_o have_v no_o issue_n otherwise_o in_o case_n of_o issue_n and_o remain_v sole_a to_o the_o whole_a that_o clear_o take_v place_n only_a vigore_fw-la contractus_fw-la or_o by_o force_n of_o a_o precedent_a contract_n the_o law_n in_o that_o particular_a be_v usher_v in_o with_o this_o ground_n or_o supposition_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n i._n e._n if_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o mutual_o agree_v or_o covenant_v before_o or_o upon_o the_o marriage_n nor_o do_v that_o law_n of_o king_n canutus_n par_fw-fr 2._o cap._n 68_o conclude_v for_o more_o than_o this_o namely_o a_o partition_n of_o the_o estate_n among_o the_o wife_n child_n and_o nigh_a kindred_n to_o be_v make_v judicio_fw-la domini_fw-la by_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n discretion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n right_o or_o according_a to_o right_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n after_o the_o measure_n raâ—e_v or_o proportion_n that_o to_o they_o belong_v not_o determine_v or_o make_v any_o mention_n what_o that_o right_a that_o measure_n or_o proportion_n be_v in_o certain_a not_o the_o widow_n and_o child_n each_o of_o they_o a_o three_o for_o then_o where_o be_v the_o kinsfolk_n share_v but_o leave_v it_o indâ—â—â—niâ—o_v and_o undetermined_a as_o what_o haply_o be_v order_v by_o the_o lord_n discretion_n and_o that_o sway_v and_o regulate_v by_o that_o optima_fw-la legum_fw-la interpret_v custom_n may_v vary_v with_o the_o place_n nor_o be_v any_o such_o partition_n currant_n here_o in_o case_n there_o be_v a_o will_n for_o what_o say_v the_o law_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n i._n e._n if_o any_o one_o depart_v this_o life_n intestate_a etc._n etc._n imply_v liberam_fw-la testandi_fw-la facultatem_fw-la a_o free_a liberty_n to_o dispose_v otherwise_o by_o will_n as_o do_v also_o that_o law_n of_o his_o successor_n the_o 36._o confessor_n ratify_v and_o reinforce_v by_o his_o successor_n the_o conqueror_n provide_v that_o the_o child_n of_o person_n intestate_a shall_v equal_o divide_v the_o heritage_n in_o which_o respect_n and_o because_o by_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o widow_n as_o neither_o do_v that_o other_o law_n of_o canutus_n par_fw-fr 2._o cap._n 75._o it_o tacit_o seem_v to_o exclude_v she_o i_o know_v not_o well_o what_o much_o pertinent_a to_o the_o point_n in_o hand_n can_v be_v conclude_v from_o that_o law_n and_o as_o not_o from_o this_o so_o neither_o i_o conceive_v from_o that_o law_n of_o king_n hen._n 1._o cap._n 1._o because_o it_o concern_v
against_o it_o by_o the_o same_o swinbourne_n fol._n 113._o a._n give_v place_n to_o this_o kind_n of_o tripartite_a division_n witness_n beside_o mr._n lambard_n perambul_n pag._n 561._o what_o in_o a_o book_n late_o publish_v entitle_v the_o city-law_n and_o say_v to_o be_v translate_v from_o a_o ancient_a french_a manuscript_n pag._n 7._o be_v deliver_v in_o these_o word_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o when_o a_o citizen_n of_o the_o same_o city_n london_n have_v a_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o die_v all_o the_o good_n and_o chattel_n of_o the_o say_a party_n decease_v after_o his_o debt_n be_v pay_v shall_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n whereof_o one_o shall_v remain_v to_o the_o dead_a and_o shall_v be_v distribute_v for_o his_o soul_n benefit_n and_o the_o other_o part_n shall_v be_v to_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o three_o part_n to_o his_o child_n to_o be_v equal_o share_v between_o they_o notwithstanding_o any_o will_n make_v to_o the_o contrary_a etc._n etc._n but_o to_o proceed_v although_o glanvill_n bracton_n and_o fleta_n one_o and_o all_o seem_v to_o conclude_v for_o this_o rule_n or_o order_n of_o partition_n to_o obtain_v and_o take_v place_n by_o the_o common_a law_n yet_o as_o this_o course_n do_v not_o long_o survive_v they_o but_z except_o where_o particular_a custom_n such_o as_o that_o whereon_o the_o writ_n in_o the_o register_n be_v ground_v keep_v it_o up_o at_o length_n grow_v into_o disuse_a in_o the_o case_n both_o of_o testate_a and_o intestate_a person_n witness_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n the_o liberty_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n general_o use_v at_o pleasure_n to_o dispose_v of_o personal_a estate_n make_v by_o will_n and_o on_o the_o other_o the_o ordinary_n well-known_a power_n of_o distribution_n of_o intestates_fw-la good_n which_o be_v not_o without_o warrant_n from_o that_o clause_n at_o the_o end_n of_o magna_n charta_n 18_o chap._n whereof_o in_o matthew_n paris_n and_o executio_fw-la elsewhere_o so_o with_o all_o these_o passage_n in_o glanvill_n bracton_n and_o fleta_n be_v so_o inconsistent_a with_o what_o in_o the_o case_n of_o testate_a person_n themselves_o with_o almost_o the_o same_o breath_n deliver_v that_o i_o know_v not_o how_o possible_o to_o reconcile_v they_o whereof_o the_o former_a thus_o potest_fw-la enim_fw-la quilibet_fw-la homo_fw-la libre_fw-la majoribus_fw-la debitis_fw-la non_fw-la involutus_fw-la de_fw-la rebus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o infirmitate_fw-la sua_fw-la rationabilem_fw-la divisam_fw-la facere_fw-la sub_fw-la hac_fw-la forma_fw-la secundùm_fw-la cujusdam_fw-la patriae_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la quod_fw-la dominum_fw-la suum_fw-la primò_fw-la de_fw-la meliore_fw-la &_o principaliore_fw-la re_fw-la quam_fw-la habet_fw-la recognoscat_fw-la deinde_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la postea_fw-la vero_fw-la alius_fw-la personas_fw-la pro_fw-la voluntate_fw-la sua_fw-la quicquid_fw-la autem_fw-la diversarum_fw-la patriarum_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la teneant_fw-la secundùm_fw-la jura_fw-la regni_fw-la non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la quis_fw-la in_o testamento_fw-la svo_fw-la alicui_fw-la personae_fw-la praecipuè_fw-la nisi_fw-la pro_fw-la voluntate_fw-la sua_fw-la aliquid_fw-la relinquere_fw-la libera_fw-la enim_fw-la dicitur_fw-la esse_fw-la cujuscunque_fw-la ultima_fw-la voluntas_fw-la secundùm_fw-la have_v leges_fw-la sicut_fw-la &_o secundùm_fw-la alius_fw-la leges_fw-la the_o other_o two_o to_o one_o effect_n thus_o cuilibet_fw-la autem_fw-la sit_fw-la licitum_fw-la facere_fw-la testamentum_fw-la de_fw-la rebus_fw-la suis_fw-la mobilibus_fw-la &_o se_fw-la moventibus_fw-la &_o quatenus_fw-la superfuerit_fw-la deducto_fw-la aere_fw-la alieno_fw-la scilicet_fw-la debitis_fw-la aliorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n thus_o in_o my_o opinion_n do_v the_o same_o man_n more_o than_o seem_v to_o fight_v with_o and_o contradict_v themselves_o and_o how_o to_o set_v they_o agree_v be_v past_o my_o skill_n but_o indeed_o vix_fw-la tanti_fw-la est_fw-la it_o be_v not_o much_o material_a since_o if_o we_o shall_v admit_v what_o some_o eager_o contend_v for_o this_o rule_n and_o order_n of_o partition_n to_o have_v sometime_o be_v by_o law_n currant_n throughout_o the_o realm_n yet_o by_o general_a disusage_n and_o discontinuance_n it_o be_v now_o and_o that_o not_o late_o antiquate_v and_o vanish_v out_o of_o ure_n both_o in_o this_o of_o kent_n and_o other_o county_n survive_v only_o for_o aught_o i_o hear_v in_o the_o province_n of_o york_n and_o some_o few_o city_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v ever_o be_v revive_v at_o least_o in_o the_o case_n of_o testate_a person_n until_o first_o some_o way_n may_v if_o possible_o be_v find_v how_o to_o dissolve_v this_o knot_n and_o remove_v this_o rub_n of_o flat_a repugnancy_n and_o disagreement_n of_o those_o ancient_a author_n the_o vouch_a patron_n for_o it_o with_o themselves_o in_o the_o point_n i_o for_o my_o part_n save_v better_a judgement_n see_v but_o little_a reason_n and_o further_o than_o thus_o dare_v not_o in_o a_o case_n so_o controvert_v and_o canvas_v by_o learned_a and_o judicious_a lawyer_n interpose_v any_o judgement_n of_o my_o own_o proposition_n iu._n whether_o gavelkynd_n be_v a_o tenure_n or_o a_o custom_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o i_o hope_v to_o usher_v in_o the_o answer_n to_o this_o quaere_fw-la with_o some_o digression_n concern_v tenor_n face_v then_o about_o and_o look_v back_o upon_o the_o time_n before_o the_o conquest_n inquire_v we_o out_o the_o tenor_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o then_o in_o use_n and_o what_o other_o succeed_v in_o their_o place_n afterward_o at_o and_o since_o the_o conquest_n here_o i_o expect_v it_o shall_v be_v grant_v for_o it_o be_v avouch_v i_o be_o sure_a by_o several_a feuâ—um_n man_n of_o credit_n that_o before_o the_o conquest_n we_o be_v not_o in_o this_o kingdom_n acquaint_v with_o what_o since_o and_o to_o this_o day_n we_o call_v feoda_n foreiner_n feuda_n i._n e._n fief_n or_o fee_n either_o in_o that_o general_a sense_n i_o mean_v wherein_o they_o be_v discourse_v of_o and_o handle_v abroad_o in_o the_o book_n thence_o entitle_v de_fw-fr feudis_fw-la at_o home_n in_o that_o call_v littleton_n tenor_n or_o in_o that_o particular_o understand_v of_o we_o when_o we_o treat_v or_o speak_v of_o knights-fee_n which_o can_v not_o then_o be_v know_v here_o when_o knight_n themselves_o be_v not_o in_o be_v as_o say_v a_o record_n in_o the_o cathedral_n of_o canterbury_n whereof_o more_o 21._o anon_o they_o be_v not_o till_o the_o conqueror_n time_n or_o if_o in_o effect_n they_o be_v know_v to_o we_o yet_o in_o term_n certain_o they_o be_v not_o for_o the_o name_n of_o fee_n or_o feudum_n in_o this_o sense_n be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o our_o record_n or_o monument_n of_o those_o day_n now_o extant_a and_o of_o credit_n if_o myself_o and_o other_o have_v not_o be_v more_o unhappy_a to_o miss_v it_o than_o indiligent_a to_o seek_v it_o it_o be_v true_a it_o occurr_v in_o the_o five_o and_o six_o of_o the_o law_n ascribe_v to_o the_o confessor_n set_v forth_o by_o mr._n lambard_n in_o the_o varia_n lectio_fw-la there_o in_o the_o margin_n but_o beside_o that_o the_o text_n in_o each_o place_n read_v it_o fundo_n those_o law_n i_o take_v it_o for_o the_o most_o part_n especial_o as_o to_o their_o phrase_n carry_v not_o that_o antiquity_n but_o like_o those_o of_o like_a kind_n in_o scotland_n ascribe_v to_o king_n malcolm_n the_o 1._o second_o and_o king_n alureds_n will_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o story_n of_o his_o life_n pen_v by_o asserius_fw-la where_o the_o word_n several_a time_n occurr_n savour_v of_o a_o late_a dress_n the_o like_v no_o doubt_n may_v as_o true_o be_v say_v of_o that_o qui_fw-la in_o feodo_fw-la svo_fw-la in_o the_o old_a latin_a version_n of_o king_n edgar_n law_n follow_v those_o in_o the_o original_a saxon_a set_v forth_o in_o the_o late_a edition_n of_o the_o council_n by_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n pag._n 446._o and_o may_v we_o not_o upon_o this_o among_o other_o ground_n question_v those_o charter_n in_o croyland_n ingulphus_n thus_o far_o i_o mean_v as_o to_o doubt_v whether_o many_o if_o not_o the_o most_o of_o they_o speak_v not_o another_o than_o that_o tongue_n in_o which_o they_o be_v original_o pen_v as_o be_v by_o the_o author_n though_o english_a bear_v yet_o afterward_o normanize_v by_o converse_v there_o some_o time_n as_o a_o retainer_n and_o secretary_n to_o duke_n william_n afterward_o conqueror_n and_o king_n of_o england_n who_o story_n be_v pen_v in_o latin_a the_o better_a to_o suit_v with_o it_o teach_v to_o speak_v the_o latin_a of_o his_o time_n and_o late_a master_n native_a country_n upon_o this_o ground_n i_o say_v that_o among_o many_o other_o phrase_n scatter_v here_o and_o there_o not_o in_o use_n with_o the_o saxon_n nor_o ever_o hear_v of_o here_o in_o england_n till_o about_o ingulphus_n own_o time_n such_o as_o averia_fw-la ballivus_fw-la bedellus_fw-la communa_fw-la pasturae_fw-la justiciarius_n for_o be_v factura_fw-la tenura_n weif_n stray_v with_o many_o more_o such_o like_a which_o i_o forbear_v to_o name_n in_o this_o
vectigal_n civilian_n be_v call_v ager_n vectigalis_fw-la as_o be_v liable_a only_o to_o so_o much_o yearly_a rent_n without_o any_o other_o service_n regular_o unless_o fealty_n suit_n of_o court_n or_o the_o like_a according_a as_o the_o feoffment_n may_v run_v and_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o the_o plough_n to_o become_v socage_n this_o make_v escuage_z certain_a another_o tenure_n of_o no_o relation_n at_o all_o to_o the_o plough_n but_o quatenus_fw-la escuage_z as_o it_o be_v simple_o escuage_z eo_fw-la ipso_fw-la of_o b._n knight-service_n because_o by_o be_v certain_a it_o draw_v he_o not_o forth_o to_o any_o corporal_a service_n in_o war_n to_o be_v also_o term_v socage_n while_o contrariwise_o what_o be_v proper_o call_v escuage_z that_o namely_o which_o be_v uncertain_a and_o so_o call_v because_o beside_o its_o subjection_n to_o homage_n fealty_n ward_n and_o marriage_n it_o be_v uncertain_a how_o often_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v call_v to_o follow_v his_o lord_n into_o the_o war_n and_o again_o what_o his_o charge_n will_v be_v in_o each_o journey_n from_o be_v liable_a i_o say_v to_o this_o uncertainty_n of_o duty_n be_v escuage_z knight-service_n hence_o four_a it_o be_v that_o burgage_n a_o tenure_n no_o way_n smell_v of_o the_o plough_n or_o tillage_n be_v currant_n and_o conversant_a only_o in_o city_n and_o town_n because_o hold_v for_o a_o certain_a annual_a rent_n become_v with_o the_o rest_n socage_n hence_o also_o our_o kentish_a gavelkynd_n consider_v in_o its_o name_n or_o term_n betoken_v censual_a land_n of_o no_o affinity_n with_o the_o plough_n or_o plough-service_n because_o i_o say_v hold_v per_fw-la certa_fw-la servitia_fw-la come_v to_o be_v call_v socage_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o frank_n ferme_fw-fr and_o other_o the_o remain_a species_n of_o socage-land_n one_o and_o all_o as_o proper_o so_o call_v as_o right_o and_o with_o as_o much_o reason_n refer_v to_o that_o head_n of_o our_o english_a tenor_n as_o that_o 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be_v admit_v both_o name_n and_o cause_n still_o continue_v thus_o much_o for_o socage_n a_o term_n that_o to_o i_o first_o occurr_n in_o glanvill_n never_o as_o yet_o in_o any_o elder_a record_n in_o a_o roll_n of_o cant._n account_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n manor_n for_o the_o six_o year_n of_o archbishop_n baldwyn_n glanvill_n coaetanean_a and_o companion_n in_o his_o voyage_n and_o expedition_n with_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o to_o the_o holy_a land_n which_o by_o computation_n be_v the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1190._o it_o occur_v by_o the_o name_n of_o soggagium_n thus_o super_fw-la soggagium_fw-la london_n remanent_fw-la xx_o d._n and_o this_o in_o croyden_n manor_n there_o among_o the_o expense_n and_o deduction_n follow_v the_o receipt_n of_o that_o year_n which_o i_o mention_v not_o as_o conceive_v it_o no_o elder_a than_o hen._n 2._o day_n yes_o i_o rather_o hold_v socmannus_fw-la socmanria_fw-la and_o socagium_fw-la to_o be_v relative_n and_o consequent_o that_o where_o the_o one_o occurr_n the_o rest_n be_v imply_v but_o socmannus_fw-la be_v obvious_a in_o domesday-book_n and_o less_o ancient_a therefore_o i_o persuade_v myself_o socage_n and_o socmanry_n be_v not_o nunc_fw-la age_n carp_n viam_fw-la susceptum_fw-la perfice_fw-la munus_fw-la aâ—nâ—id_n now_o therefore_o to_o come_v to_o our_o quaere_fw-la whether_o gavelkynd_n be_v a_o tenure_n or_o a_o custom_n and_o give_v it_o a_o answer_n i_o confess_v there_o be_v that_o in_o some_o sort_n hold_v the_o negative_a as_o who_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v a_o custom_n accompany_v the_o land_n where_o it_o obtain_v rather_o than_o a_o tenure_n whereby_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v hold_v the_o while_o the_o tenure_n to_o be_v socage_n and_o of_o this_o opinion_n 537._o mr._n lambard_n do_v more_o than_o seem_v to_o be_v now_o between_o tenure_n and_o custom_n in_o this_o case_n with_o we_o the_o difference_n as_o i_o collect_v stand_v thus_o admit_v it_o only_o a_o tenure_n and_o then_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n be_v not_o concern_v in_o point_n of_o descent_n so_o that_o in_o some_o case_n as_o the_o escheat_n of_o it_o by_o death_n or_o cessavit_fw-la to_o the_o lord_n that_o hold_v over_o by_o knight-service_n or_o to_o the_o crown_n by_o forfeicture_n in_o treason_n and_o the_o like_a it_o cease_v to_o be_v any_o long_o of_o gavelkynd-nature_n in_o point_n of_o descent_n and_o go_v not_o as_o before_z to_o all_o but_o only_o to_o the_o elder_a of_o the_o son_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n whereas_o if_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n follow_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n than_o it_o be_v say_v they_o inseparable_a from_o that_o land_n where_o it_o obtain_v insomuch_o as_o notwithstanding_o this_o escheat_n or_o whatever_o other_o alteration_n of_o the_o tenure_n it_o remain_v as_o before_o partible_a among_o all_o the_o son_n or_o other_o heir_n where_o son_n be_v want_v but_o to_o the_o point_n b._n to_o prove_v gavelkynd_n to_o be_v a_o â—enure_n i_o shall_v not_o need_v i_o think_v to_o multiply_v authority_n the_o generality_n of_o those_o ancient_a deed_n that_o i_o have_v see_v for_o the_o grant_v land_n in_o gavelkynd_n whereof_o some_o be_v exhibit_v in_o the_o appendix_n be_v wont_a to_o have_v their_o tenendum_n the_o usual_a and_o more_o proper_a place_n for_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o tenure_n in_o any_o kind_n of_o grant_n thus_o phrased_a tenendum_fw-la either_o ad_fw-la or_o in_fw-la gavelikendam_fw-la or_o the_o like_a the_o office_n recite_v of_o mr._n lambard_n in_o his_o peramb_v pag._n 540._o find_v after_o the_o death_n of_o walter_n culpepper_n be_v alike_o phrased_a tenuit_fw-la in_o gavelkind_n be_v a_o much_o repeat_v passage_n in_o it_o the_o statute_n 18._o hen._n 6._o cap._n 3._o in_o term_n call_v it_o a_o tenure_n take_v knowledge_n that_o there_o be_v not_o at_o that_o day_n within_o the_o shire_n above_o 40._o person_n at_o the_o most_o which_o have_v land_n to_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o xx_o pound_n without_o the_o tenure_n of_o gazelkynd_n and_o that_o the_o great_a party_n of_o this_o county_n or_o well_o nigh_o all_o be_v then_o within_o that_o tenure_n and_o this_o alone_a which_o i_o shall_v add_v may_v evince_v and_o clear_v it_o to_o be_v a_o tenure_n that_o since_o the_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la anno_fw-la 18._o edw._n 1._o prohibit_v the_o subject_n to_o let_v land_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o himself_o as_o there_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v any_o more_o grant_n of_o land_n objection_n pro_fw-la homagio_fw-la &_o sâ—rvitio_fw-la so_o neither_o in_o gavelkynd_n for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o will_v urge_v no_o more_o authority_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v thus_o then_o apparent_o a_o tenure_n how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o we_o so_o usual_o call_v it_o the_o custom_n of_o gavelkynd_n seldom_o either_o make_v or_o find_v mention_n of_o gavelkynd_n but_o with_o that_o adjunct_n and_o under_o that_o notion_n of_o custom_n indeed_o the_o property_n of_o equal_a partition_n be_v and_o have_v so_o solution_n long_o be_v of_o that_o eminency_n in_o our_o kentish_a gavelkynd_n and_o it_o so_o much_o celebrate_v for_o that_o property_n that_o as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o sole_a and_o only_a property_n of_o it_o all_o the_o other_o in_o respect_n whereof_o this_o land_n may_v as_o well_o be_v call_v gavelkynd_n as_o for_o this_o be_v as_o it_o be_v forget_v and_o that_o only_o carry_v away_o the_o name_n from_o its_o fellow_n whereas_o that_o of_o partition_n as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o be_v but_o one_o among_o the_o many_o other_o property_n and_o custom_n in_o our_o kentish_a gavelkynd_n such_o as_o dower_n of_o the_o moiety_n a._n loss_n of_o dower_n by_o marriage_n before_o or_o after_o assignment_n b._n not_o to_o forfeict_n land_n for_o felony_n power_n of_o alienation_n at_o fifteen_o year_n of_o age_n and_o the_o rest_n obvious_a
deviseable_a by_o custom_n so_o that_o the_o mistake_n arise_v by_o make_v that_o a_o categorical_a which_o be_v but_o a_o hypothetical_a proprosition_n and_o serve_v rather_o to_o ground_v a_o argument_n against_o the_o custom_n for_o if_o the_o writ_n of_o exit_fw-la gravi_fw-la querela_fw-la do_v lie_v there_o where_o there_o be_v such_o a_o custom_n then_o à _fw-la contrariis_fw-la it_o may_v well_o be_v argue_v that_o where_o a_o writ_n do_v not_o lie_v there_o be_v no_o such_o custom_n and_o it_o can_v be_v say_v to_o lie_v there_o for_o fitzherbert_n speak_v of_o place_n where_o it_o be_v never_o bring_v they_o say_v further_o that_o this_o writ_n of_o exit_fw-la gravi_fw-la querela_fw-la be_v a_o form_v write_v in_o the_o register_n appoint_v by_o law_n as_o the_o proper_a remedy_n of_o the_o devisee_fw-mi where_o such_o a_o custom_n be_v and_o that_o therefore_o it_o have_v be_v require_v by_o the_o judge_n as_o a_o necessary_a proof_n of_o such_o a_o custom_n that_o it_o be_v show_v that_o this_o writ_n have_v be_v use_v to_o be_v bring_v there_o where_o such_o a_o custom_n be_v allege_v to_o be_v 40._o assis_n pl._n 41._o and_o the_o opinion_n of_o knivet_n 39_o assis_n brooke_n devise_v 43._o in_o like_a manner_n as_o to_o prove_v a_o custom_n of_o intail_v copy-hold-land_n it_o must_v be_v show_v that_o plaint_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o formedon_n have_v use_v to_o be_v enter_v heydon_n case_n in_o the_o three_o report_n but_o they_o say_v that_o for_o proof_n of_o this_o custom_n in_o kent_n there_o be_v not_o only_o of_o 14._o in_o the_o register_n which_o all_o conclude_v secundùm_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la burgi_n or_o civitatis_fw-la not_o one_o precedent_a of_o any_o such_o writ_n for_o kent_n but_o that_o it_o can_v be_v show_v that_o ever_o any_o writ_n of_o exit_fw-la gravi_fw-la querela_fw-la be_v bring_v for_o any_o land_n in_o the_o county_n at_o large_a out_o of_o some_o city_n or_o town_n and_o it_o be_v a_o question_n to_o who_o such_o writ_n at_o large_a shall_v be_v direct_v there_o be_v no_o form_n at_o all_o in_o the_o register_n of_o the_o direction_n of_o any_o such_o writ_n at_o large_a the_o form_n there_o to_o a_o city_n or_o burrough_n be_v either_o majori_fw-la civitatis_fw-la or_o burgi_n etc._n etc._n they_o say_v it_o can_v not_o be_v but_o that_o question_n must_v have_v arisen_a if_o not_o of_o the_o custom_n whether_o a_o will_n or_o no_o will_n for_o the_o trial_n of_o which_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o other_o course_n at_o least_o none_o more_o ready_a before_o the_o course_n of_o ejectment_n grow_v to_o be_v the_o practice_n then_o either_o for_o the_o devisee_fw-mi to_o bring_v this_o writ_n of_o exit_fw-la gravi_fw-la querela_fw-la against_o the_o heir_n be_v in_o possession_n or_o for_o the_o heir_n be_v oust_v by_o colour_n of_o a_o will_v to_o bring_v his_o mortdancestor_n and_o therefore_o they_o think_v it_o not_o credible_a that_o if_o such_o a_o custom_n be_v and_o so_o extensive_a as_o to_o the_o whole_a county_n of_o kent_n there_o shall_v be_v no_o record_n if_o there_o be_v they_o again_o challenge_v the_o other_o side_n to_o show_v it_o whether_o any_o devisee_v either_o bring_v this_o writ_n or_o plead_v this_o custom_n and_o plead_v it_o must_v be_v as_o themselves_o acknowledge_v and_o be_v resolve_v in_o launder_v and_o brook_n case_n for_o any_o land_n within_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n out_o of_o some_o city_n or_o burrow_n when_o as_o they_o be_v confident_a to_o say_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o custom_n use_v in_o kent_n and_o that_o extend_v through_o the_o whole_a county_n but_o record_n may_v be_v show_v where_o it_o have_v at_o some_o time_n be_v judicial_o plead_v and_o allow_v they_o add_v that_o custom_n be_v special_a law_n be_v suit_v to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v use_v and_o that_o this_o be_v a_o custom_n very_o proper_a and_o suitable_a in_o city_n and_o burrough_n among_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n that_o they_o may_v dispose_v of_o their_o house_n together_o with_o their_o personal_a estate_n and_o that_o the_o plead_n of_o this_o custom_n in_o all_o writ_n and_o record_n be_v that_o they_o be_v legabilia_fw-la tanquam_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o catalla_fw-la and_o therefore_o by_o the_o book_n of_o 40._o assis_n pl._n 41._o and_o coke_n 1_o instit_n 110._o it_o be_v hold_v that_o this_o custom_n can_v be_v allege_v in_o any_o upland_n town_n then_o how_o improper_a be_v it_o that_o all_o the_o estate_n in_o so_o great_a a_o county_n shall_v be_v of_o no_o other_o nature_n in_o this_o respect_n than_o good_n and_o chattel_n and_o liable_a to_o be_v dispose_v and_o carry_v away_o by_o word_n catch_v from_o die_a man_n which_o they_o say_v may_v serve_v too_o for_o a_o argument_n against_o the_o pretend_a benefit_n and_o utility_n of_o this_o custom_n especial_o when_o the_o multitude_n of_o controversy_n arise_v upon_o will_n have_v make_v it_o a_o question_n whether_o it_o have_v not_o be_v better_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o and_o 34._o hen._n 8._o of_o will_n have_v never_o be_v make_v and_o therefore_o they_o say_v that_o in_o wyld_n case_n in_o the_o 6_o report_n which_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n it_o be_v say_v express_o and_o no_o doubt_n upon_o good_a consideration_n that_o at_o the_o common_a law_n land_n be_v not_o deviseable_a but_o by_o custom_n only_o in_o city_n and_o burrough_n house_n and_o such_o small_a thing_n and_o in_o matthew_n menes_n case_n in_o the_o 9th_o report_n where_o the_o will_n be_v of_o gavelkind-land_n in_o kent_n and_o a_o house_n hold_v in_o capite_fw-la it_o be_v all_o along_o hold_v that_o the_o will_v there_o be_v enable_v by_o the_o statute_n and_o put_v a_o case_n of_o land_n in_o london_n deviseable_a by_o custom_n as_o a_o strong_a case_n which_o certain_o it_o be_v not_o if_o land_n in_o kent_n be_v so_o deviseable_a the_o three_o objection_n from_o the_o word_n donor_n on_o vender_n they_o say_v deserve_v no_o answer_n more_o than_o this_o that_o the_o same_o word_n be_v use_v that_o the_o infant_n may_v donor_n or_o vender_n give_v or_o sell_v his_o estate_n at_o the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o and_o that_o no_o man_n will_v say_v that_o he_o may_v at_o that_o age_n make_v a_o will_n thus_o have_v you_o the_o learned_a counsel_n argument_n faithful_o exhibit_v both_o for_o and_o against_o the_o custom_n of_o devise_v gavelkynd-land_n in_o kent_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o and_o 34._o hen._n 8._o concern_v the_o devise_v of_o land_n by_o will_n tread_v as_o i_o say_v in_o the_o step_n of_o those_o who_o oppose_v the_o custom_n give_v i_o leave_v by_o the_o way_n of_o corollary_n to_o add_v somewhat_o haply_o not_o improper_a to_o be_v hint_v and_o insist_v on_o in_o this_o argument_n beside_o then_o the_o repugnancy_n in_o this_o custom_n to_o the_o common_a opinion_n both_o of_o ancient_a and_o modern_a possunt_fw-la lawyer_n it_o fight_v with_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o fee_n comprehend_v at_o least_o with_o we_o gavelkind_n as_o hold_v by_o the_o tenant_n in_o dominico_n svo_fw-la ut_fw-la â—e_v feodo_n which_o though_o fee_n be_v with_o we_o as_o in_o france_n &_o elsewhere_o become_v 19_o patrimonial_a &_o so_o alienable_a by_o gift_n or_o sale_n follow_v with_o scisin_n in_o the_o alienator_n life-time_n yet_o by_o the_o seudal_a 70._o law_n be_v indisposeable_a by_o will_n several_a reason_n whereof_o be_v find_v render_v by_o the_o feud_n feudist_n and_o it_o be_v inconsistent_a &_o at_o variance_n with_o the_o common_a opinion_n of_o lawyer_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o so_o withal_o and_o above_o all_o it_o make_v gavelkynd_n degenerate_a from_o itself_o and_o its_o first_o original_n which_o our_o gaveletum_n lawyer_n and_o antiquary_n by_o a_o unanimous_a vote_n refer_v to_o the_o german_n vouch_v for_o it_o that_o among_o other_o of_o their_o custom_n publish_v by_o tacitus_n haeredes_fw-la successoresque_fw-la svi_fw-la cuique_fw-la liberi_fw-la &_o nullum_fw-la testamentum_fw-la a_o passage_n or_o authority_n equal_o insist_v on_o by_o the_o feudist_n to_o warrant_v their_o abide_v nullâ_fw-la ordinatione_fw-la defuncti_fw-la in_o fendo_fw-la manente_fw-la vel_fw-la valente_fw-la prohibit_v the_o disposal_n of_o fee_n by_o will_n and_o of_o our_o municipal_a lawyer_n and_o other_o as_o for_o the_o like_a so_o withal_o to_o illustrate_v the_o original_n of_o our_o supra_fw-la gavelkind_n but_o that_o which_o in_o this_o case_n as_o to_o matter_n of_o fact_n very_o much_o if_o not_o most_o of_o all_o work_v with_o i_o what_o it_o may_v with_o other_o i_o know_v not_o and_o induce_v i_o to_o a_o utter_a disbelief_n and_o rejection_n of_o this_o custom_n be_v certain_a passage_n &_o clause_n in_o several_a will_n extant_a &_o to_o be_v find_v in_o our_o register_n at_o canterbury_n and_o
i_o will_v that_o richard_n hubbard_n the_o son_n of_o william_n hubbard_n of_o lynsfield_n shall_v have_v my_o house_n and_o all_o my_o land_n if_o that_o the_o law_n will_v suffer_v it_o pay_v therefore_o to_o every_o one_o of_o my_o sister_n agnes_n katherine_n and_o margaret_n three_o pound_n six_o shilling_n and_o eight_o penny_n to_o be_v pay_v within_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n next_o after_o my_o decease_n 8._o nor_o be_v this_o passage_n less_o pregnant_a and_o pertinent_a to_o our_o purpose_n take_v from_o the_o will_n of_o john_n stace_n of_o leigh_n date_v the_o 18_o of_o march_n 1538._o in_o the_o same_o registry_n and_o also_o i_o will_v that_o if_o the_o king_n last_o act_n in_o parliament_n will_v not_o stand_v with_o my_o wife_n to_o enjoy_v the_o one_o half_a of_o my_o land_n i_o will_v then_o that_o my_o executor_n shall_v pay_v yearly_a to_o agnes_n my_o wife_n xl_o s._n during_o the_o term_n of_o her_o life_n and_o that_o to_o be_v pay_v quarterly_o at_o the_o four_o usual_a term_n by_o equal_a portion_n etc._n etc._n argument_n in_o these_o five_o last_o will_n mention_v sarlys_n byx_n hunt_n hubberd_n and_o staces_n what_o mean_v that_o doubt_n and_o question_n in_o the_o testator_n whether_o their_o devise_n of_o house_n and_o land_n be_v good_a or_o will_v hold_v and_o stand_v firm_a in_o law_n have_v there_o be_v such_o a_o custom_n and_o have_v not_o the_o law_n be_v clear_a otherwise_o in_o this_o case_n as_o well_o in_o kent_n as_o elsewhere_o i_o observe_v also_o that_o in_o the_o interim_n of_o 27._o and_o 32._o h._n 8._o some_o few_o and_o indeed_o but_o very_o few_o will_v there_o be_v in_o the_o register_n at_o canterbury_n wherein_o land_n be_v devise_v some_o with_o feoffment_n and_o some_o without_o at_o least_o without_o mention_n make_v of_o any_o as_o for_o the_o former_a those_o with_o feoffment_n i_o find_v the_o most_o of_o they_o date_v though_o in_o or_o after_o the_o year_n 27._o yet_o before_o the_o six_o of_o may_v 28._o year_n of_o that_o king_n until_o when_o the_o act_n be_v not_o to_o come_v in_o force_n beside_o happy_o the_o feoffment_n be_v make_v before_o the_o statute_n and_o so_o can_v not_o be_v revoke_v as_o i_o conceive_v without_o the_o feoffee_n consent_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n those_o without_o mention_n of_o feoffee_n some_o of_o they_o be_v of_o our_o city_n canterbury_n or_o the_o like_a place_n where_o by_o particular_a custom_n they_o may_v devise_v other_o happy_o have_v feoffment_n although_o not_o mention_v if_o not_o they_o be_v no_o other_o i_o conceive_v than_o will_v de_fw-fr facto_fw-la or_o de_fw-fr bene_fw-la esse_fw-la make_v nor_o do_v or_o can_v otherwise_o or_o further_o operate_v inure_v or_o take_v effect_v than_o the_o interest_v or_o concern_v party_n shall_v give_v way_n with_o who_o in_o those_o elder_a time_n time_n of_o more_o and_o great_a regard_n and_o reverence_n to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o dead_a than_o the_o present_a the_o die_a parent_n or_o kinsman_n mind_n declare_v in_o his_o will_n bear_v so_o great_a a_o sway_n and_o do_v so_o much_o prevail_v as_o to_o persuade_v with_o they_o to_o renounce_v a_o advantage_n to_o themselves_o for_o the_o fulfil_n of_o the_o decease_v solemn_a and_o declare_a mind_n beside_o it_o follow_v not_o that_o because_o such_o will_n and_o devise_n be_v find_v therefore_o they_o pass_v and_o be_v allow_v of_o as_o good_a and_o effectual_a the_o contrary_a whereof_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a by_o the_o if_n and_o condition_n find_v in_o other_o will_n of_o those_o time_n argue_v plain_o the_o testator_n distrust_n and_o doubt_n of_o the_o validity_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o success_n and_o effect_n of_o his_o devise_n whereof_o example_n be_v lay_v down_o before_o before_o i_o close_o and_o wind_n up_o all_o i_o have_v only_o this_o to_o add_v by_o way_n of_o offer_n from_o the_o party_n opponent_n to_o this_o custom_n and_o his_o council_n which_o as_o a_o matter_n much_o considerable_a i_o may_v not_o pretermit_v that_o whereas_o that_o abundance_n of_o will_n wherein_o land_n be_v devise_v without_o mention_n of_o feoffee_n find_v and_o produce_v from_o the_o registries_n both_o of_o canterbury_n and_o rochester_n be_v much_o insist_v on_o in_o behalf_n of_o the_o custom_n if_o from_o the_o registries_n of_o any_o other_o diocese_n out_o of_o kent_n where_o such_o devise_n never_o do_v nor_o can_v obtain_v until_o the_o statute_n of_o will_n of_o equal_a circuit_n and_o extent_n to_o either_o of_o these_o the_o very_a same_o thing_n may_v not_o as_o true_o be_v observe_v and_o a_o proportionable_a number_n and_o quantity_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o will_n will_n of_o land_n devise_v without_o mention_n of_o feoffee_n can_v be_v produce_v and_o consequent_o the_o argument_n and_o inference_n thence_o draw_v for_o the_o custom_n clude_v and_o avoid_v they_o will_v sit_v down_o convince_v and_o with_o their_o adversary_n subscribe_v unto_o that_o argument_n a_o offer_n this_o in_o my_o judgement_n so_o fair_a ingenuous_a and_o plausible_a as_o not_o to_o be_v reject_v of_o any_o but_o such_o as_o out_o of_o a_o cavil_v spirit_n be_v resolve_v to_o turn_v the_o deaf_a ear_n upon_o all_o fair_a and_o equal_a proposal_n that_o i_o say_v not_o such_z as_o for_o maintenance_n sake_n make_v it_o their_o study_n quocunque_fw-la modo_fw-la to_o maintain_v their_o spurious_a interest_n but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v what_o indeed_o i_o be_o far_o from_o be_v any_o otherwise_o than_o in_o truth_n behalf_n a_o partisan_n in_o this_o business_n i_o shall_v forbear_v all_o further_a censure_n and_o if_o i_o may_v but_o have_v the_o reader_n leave_v to_o make_v my_o epilogue_n i_o shall_v with_o thanks_o to_o he_o for_o that_o and_o the_o favour_n of_o all_o his_o other_o patience_n quit_v the_o stage_n of_o my_o discourse_n on_o this_o whole_a argument_n and_o make_v my_o exit_fw-la many_o other_o thing_n offer_v themselves_o to_o his_o discourse_n peroraâ—io_n that_o will_v treat_v of_o gavelkind_a to_o the_o full_a but_o they_o be_v i_o take_v it_o most_o point_n of_o common_a law_n which_o because_o they_o be_v not_o only_o out_o of_o my_o profession_n but_o beside_o my_o intention_n too_o which_o be_v to_o handle_v it_o chief_o in_o the_o historical_a part_n and_o that_o no_o further_o than_o may_v conduce_v to_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o primordiae_fw-la or_o beginning_n of_o it_o i_o will_v not_o wade_v or_o engage_v any_o further_a in_o the_o argument_n lest_o i_o be_v just_o censure_v of_o a_o mind_n to_o thrust_v my_o sickle_n into_o another_o man_n harvest_n only_o so_o a_o close_a crave_v leave_n to_o supply_v the_o common_a kentish_a supply_v custumal_a at_o the_o end_n of_o mr._n lambards_n perambulation_n with_o one_o clause_n which_o according_a to_o a_o ancient_a copy_n register_v in_o a_o quondam_a book_n of_o st._n augustine_n abbey_n at_o canterbury_n now_o remain_v with_o my_o very_a noble_a and_o learned_a friend_n sir_n roger_n twysden_n be_v to_o come_v in_o at_o pag._n 574_o lin_v 2._o after_o these_o word_n que_fw-fr de_fw-fr lay_n est_fw-fr â—eâ—â—_n sans_o man_n viz._n as_o that_o old_a copy_n god_n on_o there_o eâ—si_n home_n ou_fw-fr femme_fw-fr seit_n feloun_a de_fw-fr sei_fw-it mesme_n qeil_fw-fr sâ—y_a mesme_n de_fw-fr gre_fw-mi se_fw-mi ocye_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr aura_fw-fr les_fw-fr charteuz_fw-fr tut_fw-fr &_o niâ—nt_a l'an_n nele_o waste_v mes_fw-fr se_fw-fr heir_n seit_v tauto_v inherit_v sans_o contredit_n kar_n tout_fw-fr seit_n il_fw-fr feloun_n de_fw-fr say_v mesme_n ill_a neyt_n my_o atteint_a de_fw-fr felonye_n et_fw-fr clayment_n auxi_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o it_o follow_v in_o that_o print_a custumal_a which_o clause_n as_o i_o conceive_v may_v be_v thus_o english_v and_o if_o a_o man_n or_o woman_n shall_v be_v a_o felon_n of_o he_o or_o herself_o who_o shall_v kill_v he_o or_o herself_o of_o he_o or_o her_o own_o accord_n the_o king_n shall_v have_v all_o the_o chattel_n and_o not_o the_o year_n and_o the_o waste_n but_o the_o heir_n shall_v immediate_o inherit_v without_o contradiction_n for_o albeit_o he_o or_o she_o be_v a_o felon_n of_o he_o or_o herself_o he_o or_o she_o be_v noâ—_n attaint_v of_o felony_n now_o crave_v pardon_n for_o what_o liberty_n i_o have_v take_v to_o deliver_v my_o sense_n and_o give_v my_o conjecture_n on_o several_a occasion_n here_o emergent_a i_o shall_v here_o cut_v the_o thread_n of_o this_o discourse_n wish_v that_o as_o i_o have_v not_o spare_v free_o to_o speak_v my_o mind_n so_o that_o every_o man_n that_o please_v shall_v assume_v the_o like_a liberty_n not_o suspect_v i_o so_o opinionate_a of_o my_o own_o vote_n as_o to_o wish_v much_o less_o to_o beg_v least_o of_o all_o to_o importune_v any_o unwilling_a man_n concurrence_n though_o haply_o unprovided_a
pleasure_n ibid._n censual_a not_o censual_a 35._o how_o many_o several_a kind_n of_o land_n before_o the_o conquest_n 114._o as_o also_o since_o 115_o landagendman_n what_o 15_o landboc_a what_o 112_o land-gabel_a what_o 15_o land-gafol_a what_o ibid._n leaf-gavel_a what_o p._n 27_o lef-silver_n what_o ibid._n les-gavel_a what_o ibid._n les-gold_n and_o lesyeld_a what_o ibid._n liberum_fw-la feodum_fw-la what_o 56_o lyef-geld_a what_o 27_o m._n mailer_n what_o p._n 34_o mailman_n what_o ibid._n mail-payer_n what_o ibid._n mala_fw-la what_o ibid._n maltgavel_a what_o 27_o malt-peny_n what_o ibid._n malt-shot_a what_o ibid._n manopera_fw-la what_o 24_o mete-gavel_a what_o 31_o mirroir_n the_o book_n so_o call_v censure_v 104_o molland_n what_o 117_o molmannus_n what_o ibid._n monday-land_n what_o 120_o mortdancester_n the_o assize_n so_o call_v where_o it_o lie_v 152_o 157_o mortmain_n what_o 40._o the_o tenure_n of_o it_o double_a ibid._n n._n name_n to_o be_v suitable_a with_o thing_n very_o convenient_a 11_o nativi_fw-la in_o kent_n 75_o neatland_n what_o 114_o nider_v alias_o nthe_v a_o nickname_n of_o what_o signification_n &_o whence_o derive_v 65_o o._n oale-gavel_a what_o 24_o ordericus_n vitalis_n his_o relation_n of_o the_o conqueror_n proceed_n and_o progress_n after_o his_o victory_n near_o hastings_n p_o 71_o ordinary_a his_o power_n of_o distribute_v intestates_fw-la good_n here_o in_o england_n when_o beginning_n as_o also_o in_o scotland_n and_o normandy_n 79_o over-land_n what_o 119_o out-average_a what_o 116_o p._n parcener_n how_o many_o sort_n 42_o paroc_n what_o 23_o partition_n in_o gavelkynd_n land_n neither_o from_o the_o name_n nor_o nature_n of_o it_o only_o 44._o nor_o from_o prescription_n 46._o but_o partly_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o and_o partly_o from_o custom_n and_o what_o 47._o the_o antiquity_n of_o it_o 61._o whether_o inherent_a in_o the_o land_n 247_o 150._o why_o more_o general_a in_o kent_n than_o elsewhere_o 52_o 61._o whether_o bring_v hither_o by_o odo_n out_o of_o normandy_n 61_o 81._o whether_o continue_v there_o by_o composition_n with_o the_o conqueror_n 62_o partition_n but_o one_o property_n or_o branch_n of_o gavelkynd_n 48_o 146._o out_o of_o kent_n whence_o obtain_v ibid._n &_o 54_o partition_n of_o good_n 79_o peny-gavel_a what_o 26_o some_o phrase_n in_o ingulphus_n ancient_a charter_n question_v p._n 101_o pictavensis_n his_o relation_n of_o the_o conqueror_n proceed_n and_o progress_n after_o his_o victory_n near_o hastings_n 69._o himself_n the_o conqueror_n chaplain_n and_o a_o eyewitness_n ib._n portfocâ—_n what_o 135_o 136_o portsoken_n what_o 135_o potura_fw-la what_o 29_o prescription_n not_o good_a in_o gavelkynd_n and_o why_o 44_o r._n rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la 78_o &_o 91_o redditus_fw-la albi_fw-la what_o 34._o nigri_fw-la what_o ib._n restitution_n a_o charter_n of_o it_o by_o the_o conqueror_n 68_o ripsilver_n what_o 19_o rochester_n castle_n besiege_v by_o will._n 2._o 64_o rodland_n what_o 117_o romney_n the_o conqueror_n passage_n by_o it_o in_o his_o march_n to_o dover_n 69_o s._n contract_n of_o marriage_n in_o saxon_a 75._o the_o edition_n of_o it_o correct_v 76._o several_a will_n in_o saxon_n 85_o scip_n ship_n in_o the_o termination_n of_o word_n what_o signify_v 106_o scotale_a what_o 29_o scrude-land_n what_o p._n 119_o seisin_n how_o deliver_v in_o the_o saxon_n time_n 112_o servi_n in_o kent_n 74_o servitus_fw-la rusticana_fw-la 127_o sextary-land_n what_o 119_o smithesland_n what_o 118_o soca_n socha_n soak_v sokne_v what_o 133_o 137_o socage_n free_a and_o base_a 55._o the_o derivation_n of_o the_o word_n and_o what_o it_o signify_v 129._o whether_o it_o and_o gavelkynd_n synonima_n 55._o its_o original_a 127._o opposite_a to_o villeinage_n 139_o socage-land_n and_o service_n so_o call_v elsewhere_o in_o kent_n term_v gavelkynd_n 49_o socagium_fw-la the_o distinction_n of_o it_o into_o liberum_fw-la and_o villanum_fw-la whence_o 141_o socmanni_n 137_o sokerevi_n 134_o sokmanry_n 137_o spelman_n sir_n henry_n his_o derivation_n of_o gavelkynd_n 3_o spot_n story_n of_o the_o kentishman_n encounter_n and_o composition_n with_o the_o conqueror_n exhibit_v question_v refute_v 63._o a_o mere_a monkish_a â—igment_n and_o why_o devise_v 71._o when_o he_o live_v 64._o his_o commixture_n of_o falsity_n 63_o stigand_n the_o archbishop_n depose_v for_o oppose_v the_o conqueror_n not_o warrant_v by_o ancient_a story_n 75_o sul-aelmesse_a what_o 132_o swilling-land_n what_o 117_o swine-gavel_a what_o 23_o swine-money_n what_o ib._n swine-paneges_a what_o ib._n swinhey_n what_o 190_o t._n tainland_n 121_o tenure_n all_o land_n in_o england_n subject_n to_o it_o 126._o how_o different_a from_o custom_n 144_o tenure_n 1_o by_o divine_a service_n 2_o in_o frankalmoigne_n 3_o in_o fee_n ferm_n 4_o by_o petite_fw-fr sergeanty_n 5_o by_z escuage_z certain_z 6_o in_o burgage_n all_o socage_n and_o whence_o 130_o 141_o tenure_n in_o mortmain_n twofold_a 40_o tenor_n in_o chivalry_n and_o socage_n all_o land_n both_o in_o kent_n and_o elsewhere_o throughout_o england_n reducible_a to_o one_o or_o tother_o of_o they_o 129_o tenor_n in_o gavelkynd_n new_o create_v 9_o what_o before_o the_o conquest_n 112_o terra_fw-la ad_fw-la gablum_fw-la posita_fw-la what_o 14_o terrae_fw-la censuales_fw-la what_o 36_o terra_fw-la haereditaria_fw-la 84._o libera_fw-la 58_o 84._o susanna_n 118._o testamentalis_fw-la 84_o 86._o unde_fw-la nemini_fw-la respondetur_fw-la 120_o thegenes_n 1â—3_n theine_n p._n 123_o threnge_n ibid._n tol-s_a what_o 24_o truth_n often_o lose_v by_o too_o much_o altercation_n 62_o twygavel_a what_o 28_o twysket_a what_o ibid._n v._o verstegan_n his_o derivation_n of_o gavelkynd_n 3_o villani_n in_o kent_n 73_o villeinage_n opposite_a to_o socage_n 139_o villain_fw-fr service_n when_o first_o cease_v so_o general_o in_o kent_n 58_o villain_fw-fr and_o villeinage_n in_o england_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n 66._o in_o kent_n since_o the_o conquest_n 72._o and_o in_o gavelkynd_n land_n 73._o as_o also_o before_o the_o conquest_n 75_o vilienagium_fw-la privilegiatum_fw-la 141_o unlandagend_n what_o 1â—_n utland_n 114_o w._n wareland_n what_o 118_o weilreif_n what_o 65_o weregavel_a what_o 28_o werk-gavel_a what_o 26_o werkland_n 57_o white-rent_n what_o 34_o will_n in_o saxon_n 85_o wood-gavel_a what_o 26_o word_n in_o ingulphus_n more_o ancient_a charter_n a_o sort_n of_o they_o question_v 101_o work-land_n what_o 115_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la whether_o lie_v at_o the_o common_a law_n or_o by_o custom_n 78_o &_o 91_o the_o writ_n of_o exit_fw-la gravi_fw-la querela_fw-la where_o it_o lie_v 153_o 159_o young_a yokeland_n what_o 117_o finis_fw-la finis_fw-la nomina_fw-la si_fw-la nâ—scis_fw-la perit_fw-la &_o cognitio_fw-la rerum_fw-la isid_n oâ—ig_n l._n 1._o cap._n 7._o arist_n 1._o phys_n &_o 2._o metaphys_n idem_fw-la 2_o metaphys_n sir_n hen._n spelman_n in_o voce_fw-la gaveletum_n britannia_n in_o kent_n kent_n the_o english_a lawyer_n p._n 73._o 73._o interpreter_n in_o voce_fw-mi perambul_n p._n 528._o 528._o see_v the_o addition_n to_o dr._n casaubon_n treatise_n of_o use_n and_o custom_n custom_n see_v sir_n ed._n coke_n instit_n part_n 1._o fol._n 115._o a._n ff_o de_n reg._n jur._n l._n quod_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la initio_fw-la duarenus_n commenâ—_n in_o tit._n de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la p._n 49._o â—_o â—_o see_v kilianus_n diction_n verb._n knecht_n lamb._n peramb_v p._n 547._o vid._n dictionar_n nostr_n anglo-sax_n iâ—_n vocâ—_n vocâ—_n davies_n report_v le_fw-fr irish_a cust_n de_fw-fr gavelkind_n fol._n 49._o 49._o â—racton_n de_fw-fr acqâ—iren_n rer_n dominio_fw-la fol._n â—4_n a._n a._n de_fw-fr morib_n germanor_n germanor_n l._n inter_fw-la filios_fw-la l._n famil_n hercis_o l._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la à _fw-la liberis_fw-la â—f_n de_fw-fr lâ—b_n agnosâ—_n l._n si_fw-mi major_n in_o si_fw-la l._n communi_fw-la divid_fw-la divid_fw-la lib._n 1._o feud_n tit_n 6._o parag._n 2._o &_o ibi_fw-la hoâ—om_n hoâ—om_n li._n hen._n 1._o c._n 70._o glanvil_n li._n 7._o c._n 3._o bracton_n fol_n 65._o a._n a._n and_o another_o in_o the_o appendix_n scripture_n 9_o 9_o see_v vulteius_n de_fw-fr feud_n li._n 1._o c_o 8._o nu_fw-la 37._o p._n 341._o 341._o glanvil_n lib._n 7._o cap._n 1._o 1._o see_v the_o â—_o proposition_n proposition_n perambuâ—_n p._n 544_o 544_o anno_fw-la 18_o edw._n 1._o 1._o lib._n 3._o â—â—l_n 374._o a._n a._n conveniunt_fw-la rebus_fw-la nominâ—_n saepe_fw-la suis_fw-la suis_fw-la nominae_fw-la cum_fw-la re_fw-la consentiant_fw-la platâ—_n the_o sapient_a gafol_fw-mi what_o signify_v glossar_n verb._n gabellâ—_n gabellâ—_n peramb_v p._n 529._o 529._o instit_n p._n 1._o fol._n 142._o 2._o 2._o in_o archiv_n eccles_n cant._n cant._n fortè_fw-la heâ—eâ—_n contain_v four_o gallon_n so_o fleta_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 12._o 12._o coke_n instit_n p._n 2._o p._n 58._o 58._o spelm._n gloss_n in_o voce_fw-la voce_fw-la lamb._n archaion_n fol._n 45._o cap._n 2._o 2._o spelm._n gloss_n in_o voce_fw-la â—avel-â—orn_a corn-gavel_a cavel-erth_a cavel-erth_a in_o archiv_n archiep._n cant._n biaus_n benerth_n benerth_n et_fw-la omnes_fw-la tenentes_fw-la de_fw-la isto_fw-la jugo_fw-la
it_o peculiar_o belong_v to_o grant_v out_o or_o pass_v land_n in_o that_o kind_n carta_n alodii_fw-la ad_fw-la aeternam_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la be_v there_o reckon_v and_o rank_v inter_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la regum_fw-la inter_fw-la anglos_n now_o as_o our_o bocland_n do_v not_o present_o expire_v with_o the_o saxon_n its_o first_o author_n upon_o their_o vanquish_a and_o supplant_n by_o the_o norman_n so_o neither_o do_v our_o folcland_n but_o survive_v and_o continue_v after_o the_o conquest_n folcland_n and_o remain_v unto_o this_o day_n though_o not_o in_o the_o very_a name_n yet_o in_o the_o thing_n and_o substance_n for_o as_o aforetime_o the_o saxon_n have_v their_o ceorle_n gebures_n folcmen_n etc._n etc._n as_o afterward_o the_o norman_n their_o villani_n bordmanni_n cotarii_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o what_o the_o former_a hold_v be_v call_v folcland_n gafolland_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v oppose_v to_o bocland_n what_o the_o latter_a villeinage_n and_o in_o some_o sense_n socage_n oppose_v to_o chivalry_n knight-service_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o all_o likelihood_n intend_v by_o that_o rusticana_fw-la servitus_fw-la occur_v rustâ—canâ—_n in_o a_o charter_n of_o walâ—heâ—â—nus_n maminoâ—_n grant_v the_o â—â—thery_a of_o bertrey_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rochester_n quod_fw-la si_fw-la aliquid_fw-la de_fw-fr prâ—dicto_fw-la dominio_fw-la in_o rusticanam_fw-la servitutem_fw-la translatum_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o it_o be_v in_o mr._n selden'_v history_n of_o tithe_n cap._n 11._o pag._n 313_o as_o for_o the_o original_n of_o socage_n there_o 1._o be_v that_o refer_v we_o for_o the_o find_n of_o it_o to_o a_o notable_a passage_n in_o gâ—rvasius_n tilburiensis_n his_o book_n entitle_v dialogus_fw-la soâ—ccarii_fw-la who_o live_v and_o write_v in_o hen._n 2._o day_n which_o to_o bring_v the_o reader_n better_o acquaint_v with_o the_o state_n of_o affair_n in_o the_o disposal_n of_o our_o countrymen_n freehold_n in_o those_o elder_a time_n when_o as_o the_o english_a state_n be_v new_o mould_v i_o here_o offer_v to_o his_o view_n post_fw-la conquisitionem_fw-la etc._n etc._n i._n after_o the_o conqueror_n conquest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o deserve_a subversion_n of_o the_o rebel_n when_o the_o king_n himself_o with_o his_o noble_n survey_v his_o new_a country_n a_o diligent_a inquiry_n be_v make_v who_o they_o be_v which_o take_v part_n in_o the_o war_n agaist_fw-mi the_o king_n have_v save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n to_o all_o these_o like_v as_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o such_o as_o have_v fall_v in_o the_o war_n all_o hope_n of_o any_o land_n ferm_n possession_n and_o revenue_n rent_n which_o former_o they_o enjoy_v be_v cut_v off_o for_o they_o account_v it_o no_o small_a favour_n to_o escape_v with_o life_n under_o enemy_n but_o those_o who_o when_o summon_v come_v not_o to_o the_o war_n or_o be_v occupy_v in_o household_n or_o other_o necessary_a affair_n be_v absent_a when_o in_o process_n of_o time_n by_o their_o constant_a observance_n serviceablenesse_n they_o have_v ingratiate_v themselves_o with_o their_o lord_n without_o hope_n of_o succession_n their_o child_n only_o and_o that_o but_o at_o the_o lord_n will_v begin_v to_o possess_v afterward_o when_o become_v odious_a to_o their_o lord_n they_o be_v every_o where_o expel_v their_o possession_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o that_o will_v restore_v what_o be_v take_v away_o a_o common_a complaint_n of_o the_o native_n come_v to_o the_o king_n that_o be_v thus_o hate_v of_o all_o and_o bereave_v of_o their_o estate_n they_o shall_v be_v enforce_v to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o foreign_a part_n at_o length_n after_o consultation_n upon_o these_o matter_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o what_o by_o their_o deserve_n and_o upon_o a_o lawful_a agreement_n they_o can_v obtain_v of_o their_o lord_n shall_v be_v their_o own_o by_o inviolable_a right_n but_o they_o shall_v challenge_v nothing_o to_o themselves_o way_n by_o name_n of_o descent_n succession_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o nation_n subdue_a which_o thing_n true_o how_o discreet_o it_o be_v consider_v of_o be_v manifest_a especial_o when_o as_o thus_o by_o all_o mean_n for_o their_o own_o good_a they_o be_v bind_v from_o thenceforth_o to_o apply_v themselves_o by_o constant_a observance_n serviceablenesse_n to_o purchase_v their_o lord_n favour_n insomuch_o as_o who_o of_o the_o conquer_a people_n possess_v land_n or_o such_o like_a obtain_v they_o not_o as_o seem_v to_o be_v due_a by_o right_n of_o succession_n but_o in_o recompense_n of_o his_o deserve_n or_o by_o some_o intervening_a agreement_n hence_o we_o see_v how_o precarious_o matter_n stand_v with_o the_o generality_n of_o our_o poor_a country_n man_n in_o point_n of_o estate_n in_o those_o day_n and_o with_o what_o observance_n and_o obsequious_a respect_n they_o be_v fain_o to_o carry_v themselves_o towards_o their_o conquer_a disseisor_n to_o purchase_v many_o time_n but_o a_o modicum_fw-la of_o what_o have_v late_o be_v their_o own_o and_o when_o they_o have_v it_o see_v withal_o upon_o what_o kittle_a rotter_a uncertain_a term_n they_o hold_v 38â—_n it_o the_o relation_n come_v from_o a_o very_a good_a hand_n and_o be_v so_o authentic_a as_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v it_o may_v be_v credit_v for_o itself_o but_o if_o any_o man_n expect_v further_a confirmation_n i_o suppose_v it_o may_v be_v find_v in_o bracton_n lib_n 1._o cap._n 11._o num_fw-la 1._o where_o he_o have_v this_o passage_n and_o be_v in_o part_n second_v in_o it_o by_o fleta_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 8._o fuerunt_fw-la etiam_fw-la say_v he_o in_o conquestu_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la qui_fw-la liberè_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la tenementa_fw-la sua_fw-la per_fw-la libera_fw-la servitia_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la per_fw-la potentiores_fw-la ejecti_fw-la essent_fw-la postmodum_fw-la reversi_fw-la receperunt_fw-la eadem_fw-la tenementa_fw-la sua_fw-la tenenda_fw-la in_o villenagio_fw-it etc._n etc._n the_o same_o b._n author_n fol._n â—6_n and_o elsewhere_o tell_v we_o of_o a_o sort_n of_o tenant_n ad_fw-la similitudinem_fw-la villanorum_fw-la sockmannorum_fw-la per_fw-la conventionem_fw-la de_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la dominorum_fw-la licet_fw-la hoc_fw-la esset_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la villenagium_fw-la etc._n etc._n a_o passage_n if_o not_o totidem_fw-la verbis_fw-la yet_o in_o substance_n often_o repeat_v of_o he_o in_o my_o judgement_n intimate_v thereby_o that_o practice_n of_o the_o tenant_n curry_v favour_n and_o comply_v with_o their_o lord_n whereof_o in_o tilburiensis_n and_o their_o obtain_n thereby_o to_o better_v their_o estate_n and_o by_o degree_n to_o creep_v out_o of_o villeinage_n into_o a_o kind_n of_o socage_n a_o tenure_n thus_o grow_v to_o that_o latitude_n and_o so_o comprehensive_a as_o it_o help_v to_o make_v that_o dichotomy_n into_o which_o all_o the_o kingdom_n land_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o common_a person_n in_o point_n of_o tenure_n be_v resolve_v chivalry_n be_v the_o other_o now_o be_v of_o such_o note_n a_o little_o further_a enquiry_n after_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o etymology_n of_o the_o name_n to_o clear_v the_o truth_n in_o both_o will_v not_o do_v amiss_o as_o i_o conceive_v in_o this_o discourse_n of_o tenor_n by_o the_o common_a and_o receive_a opinion_n of_o our_o lawyer_n derive_v derive_v i_o suppose_v and_o first_o suck_v from_o that_o great_a ornament_n of_o their_o profession_n b._n bracton_n the_o term_n be_v say_v to_o come_v to_o use_v the_o author_n own_o word_n à _fw-la socko_n &_o inâ—e_a tenentes_fw-la quitenent_fw-la in_o sockagiâ—_n sockmanni_n dici_fw-la poterant_fw-la â—o_o quod_fw-la deputati_fw-la sunt_fw-la ut_fw-la videtur_fw-la tantummodò_fw-la ad_fw-la culturam_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o of_o bracton_n be_v strong_o back_v by_o littleton_n in_o his_o book_n of_o tenor_n where_o treat_v of_o socage_n he_o say_v that_o the_o reason_n why_o such_o tenure_n be_v call_v and_o have_v the_o name_n of_o tenure_n in_o socage_n be_v this_o because_o say_v he_o socagium_fw-la idem_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la servitium_fw-la socae_fw-la &_o soca_fw-la idem_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la caruca_fw-la etc._n etc._n a_o soak_v or_o a_o plough_n in_o ancient_a time_n for_o so_o he_o add_v for_o further_a confirmation_n before_o the_o limitation_n of_o time_n of_o memory_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o tenant_n which_o hold_v of_o their_o lord_n by_o socage_n aught_o to_o come_v with_o their_o plough_n every_o of_o the_o say_a tenant_n for_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o year_n to_o plough_v and_o sow_v the_o demesne_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o for_o that_o such_o work_n be_v do_v for_o the_o livelihood_n and_o sustenance_n of_o their_o lord_n they_o be_v quit_v against_o their_o lord_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o service_n etc._n etc._n and_o because_o that_o such_o service_n be_v do_v with_o their_o plough_n this_o tenure_n be_v call_v tenure_n in_o socage_n etc._n etc._n thus_o littleton_n follow_v by_o the_o generality_n of_o our_o common_a lawyer_n and_o other_o since_o not_o without_o a_o kind_n of_o popular_a error_n as_o under_o favour_n i_o conceive_v and_o with_o
submission_n to_o better_a judgement_n shall_v endeavour_v to_o evince_v without_o check_n i_o hope_v for_o presume_v to_o control_v so_o great_a so_o many_o and_o those_o eminent_a lawyer_n whereas_o here_o i_o oppose_v they_o not_o in_o point_n of_o law_n but_o only_o in_o matter_n of_o fact_n the_o first_o exception_n then_o that_o i_o take_v against_o this_o opinion_n be_v its_o inconsistencie_n with_o many_o several_a species_n of_o socage-land_n or_o land_n say_v to_o be_v of_o socage_n kind_n or_o tenure_n such_o as_o petite_fw-fr sergeanty_n escuage_z certain_z frankalmoigne_n fee-ferm_a burgage_n by_o divine_a service_n and_o the_o like_a which_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o relation_n to_o the_o plough_n or_o matter_n of_o husbandry_n as_o original_o they_o say_v socage_n have_v and_o therefore_o still_o retein_v the_o name_n though_o the_o cause_n whereupon_o it_o first_o grow_v be_v take_v away_o by_o change_v the_o service_n into_o money_n so_o littleton_n a_o exception_n this_o ward_v off_o by_o the_o patron_n of_o the_o present_a derivation_n with_o a_o distinction_n of_o a_o double_a kind_n of_o socage_n the_o one_o that_o so_o call_v à _fw-la causâ_fw-la the_o other_o 120._o ab_fw-la effectu_fw-la and_o to_o this_o latter_a sort_n socage_n in_o effect_n be_v these_o of_o they_o refer_v as_o one_o will_v say_v socage_n at_o large_a because_o partake_v of_o the_o like_a effect_n and_o incident_n with_o socage_n but_o this_o distinction_n carry_v with_o it_o no_o great_a antiquity_n be_v questionless_a seek_v out_o since_o bractons_n time_n as_o necessary_a to_o uphold_v that_o of_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n derivation_n of_o socage_n from_o the_o plough_n otherwise_o so_o inconsistent_a with_o these_o tenor_n not_o but_o that_o i_o hold_v they_o to_o be_v socage_n with_o the_o common_a opinion_n but_o from_o another_o cause_n as_o i_o conceive_v whereof_o anon_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o have_v a_o second_o exception_n against_o the_o derivation_n which_o be_v this_o that_o though_o that_o of_o the_o plough_n may_v be_v the_o chief_a service_n wherein_o socage_n be_v conversant_a yet_o be_v the_o sycle_n and_o the_o since_o the_o fork_n and_o the_o flail_n and_o many_o such_o like_a attendant_n also_o upon_o it_o and_o concomitant_a service_n with_o it_o in_o socage-land_n to_o derive_v then_o socage_n ab_fw-la aratro_fw-la that_o be_v but_o one_o species_n of_o socage-service_n be_v as_o improper_a under_o favour_n as_o at_o this_o day_n to_o define_v feudum_n comprehend_v whatsoever_o fee_n be_v constitute_v for_o any_o lawful_a and_o honest_a service_n although_o not_o military_a by_o what_o the_o feudist_n call_v clientela_fw-la militaris_fw-la because_o a_o chief_a part_n of_o feudal_a service_n be_v military_a and_o that_o of_o old_a fee_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v grant_v out_o militiae_fw-la causâ_fw-la a_o error_n into_o which_o 23._o vulteius_n challenge_v hotoman_a to_o have_v fall_v in_o his_o definition_n of_o feudum_n thence_o which_o my_o author_n call_v a_o definition_n of_o a_o genus_fw-la by_o a_o species_n conclude_v it_o not_o logical_a a_o three_o exception_n take_v to_o it_o may_v be_v this_o that_o if_o socage-land_n be_v so_o ancient_a under_o that_o notion_n as_o king_n alfred_n time_n as_o â—_o some_o will_v have_v it_o who_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o those_o day_n socage-fee_n be_v divide_v between_o the_o heir_n male_n why_o then_o be_v it_o not_o rather_o from_o the_o saxon_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v what_o soc_n never_o do_v with_o they_o a_o plough_n whence_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o plough_n alm_n be_v a_o pension_n of_o a_o penny_n impose_v upon_o every_o plough_n in_o the_o name_n of_o 130._o alm_n call_v sulh-age_n or_o sul_z land_n to_o say_v plough-service-land_n or_o how_o can_v it_o in_o those_o time_n be_v call_v socage_n in_o the_o sense_n by_o this_o derivation_n intend_v when_o the_o word_n soc_n if_o it_o signify_v a_o plough_n as_o it_o do_v a_o ploughshare_n be_v in_o that_o sense_n a_o french_a word_n can_v in_o any_o reason_n be_v think_v to_o have_v take_v place_n here_o i_o mean_v in_o the_o saxon_n time_n and_o so_o long_o before_o the_o french_a by_o their_o conquest_n and_o intermixture_n with_o we_o follow_v thereupon_o have_v prevail_v to_o suppress_v and_o extirpate_v the_o english_a language_n but_o if_o it_o can_v pretend_v to_o so_o much_o antiquity_n as_o be_v a_o term_n as_o well_o in_o the_o original_n as_o in_o the_o sense_n norman_a or_o french_a then_o probable_o they_o will_v not_o have_v impose_v it_o without_o some_o pattern_n some_o precedent_n of_o their_o own_o country_n as_o use_v there_o in_o like_a case_n but_o doubtless_o this_o be_v want_v their_o 291._o term_n for_o land_n of_o this_o condition_n be_v tenement_n villain_n villain_n fief_n fief_a roturier_n heritage_n roturier_n and_o the_o like_a beside_o have_v the_o term_n be_v of_o their_o impose_v with_o intent_n to_o have_v it_o signify_v tillageservice_n charâ—â—_n be_v the_o usual_a word_n with_o they_o for_o a_o plough_n fetch_v it_o from_o carâ—â—â—_n whence_o their_o carucata_n terrae_fw-la for_o a_o plough_n land_n noâ—_n hear_v of_o here_o with_o we_o until_o their_o come_n hither_o more_o likely_a it_o have_v be_v call_v carucagium_fw-la carucage_n or_o the_o like_a as_o a_o certain_a tribute_n by_o our_o hen._n 3._o impose_v by_o the_o plough_n be_v therefore_o call_v caruage_n carucage_n and_o the_o like_a carucage_n my_o next_o and_o last_o exception_n be_v from_o fleta_n derivation_n of_o socmanni_n bracton_n where_o speak_v of_o the_o king_n manor_n he_o say_v in_o hujusmodi_fw-la verò_fw-la maneriis_fw-la erant_fw-la olim_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la liberè_fw-la tenentes_fw-la quorum_fw-la quidam_fw-la cum_fw-la per_fw-la potentiores_fw-la è_fw-la tenementis_fw-la suis_fw-la ejecti_fw-la fuerant_fw-la eadem_fw-la postmodum_fw-la in_o villenagium_fw-la tenenda_fw-la resumpserunt_fw-la &_o quia_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la tenentes_fw-la cultores_fw-la regis_fw-la esse_fw-la dinoscuntur_fw-la eye_v provisa_fw-la fuit_fw-la quies_fw-la ne_fw-la sectas_fw-la facerent_fw-la ad_fw-la comitatus_fw-la vel_fw-la hundredos_fw-mi vel_fw-la ad_fw-la aliquas_fw-la inquisitiones_fw-la assisas_fw-la vel_fw-la jurata_n nisi_fw-la in_o manerio_fw-la tantùm_fw-la dum_fw-la tamen_fw-la pro_fw-la terra_fw-la quorum_fw-la congregationem_fw-la tunc_fw-la socam_fw-la appellarunt_fw-la &_o hinc_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la socmanni_n hodie_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la esse_fw-la a_o soca_n enim_fw-la derivantur_fw-la etc._n etc._n where_o though_o he_o say_v that_o the_o socmanni_n be_v cultores_fw-la regis_fw-la yet_o he_o say_v not_o that_o thence_o they_o be_v call_v socmanni_n but_o that_o their_o congregation_n their_o assembly_n or_o company_n be_v call_v soca_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v faith_n he_o that_o they_o be_v term_v socmanni_n for_o they_o be_v derive_v from_o soca_n etc._n etc._n thus_o he_o now_o if_o from_o soca_n a_o assembly_n of_o husbandman_n than_o not_o from_o soc_n sock_n or_o soak_v a_o plough_n to_o come_v now_o to_o that_o which_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v the_o propose_v right_n and_o genuine_a derivation_n of_o the_o term_n socage_n to_o express_v a_o liberty_n immunity_n franchise_n jurisdiction_n protection_n privilege_n etc._n etc._n our_o saxon_a ancestor_n be_v know_v to_o have_v and_o use_v a_o word_n somewhat_o various_o write_v of_o they_o viz._n soc_n socne_n soken_n and_o the_o like_a hence_o to_o proceed_v to_o instance_n sanctuary_n the_o privilege_n sometime_o so_o call_v be_v of_o they_o term_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d otherwise_o 5._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o they_o also_o voce_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v a_o jurisdiction_n to_o keep_v the_o peace_n voce_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o immunity_n from_o service_n in_o war_n or_o from_o warfare_n jornalen_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o lord_n protection_n to_o his_o man_n or_o tenant_n voce_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v of_o a_o double_a sense_n signify_v both_o a_o privilege_n or_o protection_n against_o assault_n upon_o a_o man_n in_o his_o own_o house_n or_o under_o his_o own_o roof_n and_o a_o liberty_n or_o franchise_n to_o hold_v plea_n thereof_o with_o power_n of_o animadversion_n by_o mulct_n or_o fine_a voce_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d import_v a_o liberty_n or_o privilege_n of_o faldage_n debar_v and_o deny_v unto_o tenant_n in_o time_n past_a and_o by_o the_o lord_n for_o the_o enrich_n his_o own_o demesne_n land_n reserve_v to_o himself_o hence_o their_o word_n faldwrth_n for_o he_o that_o enjoy_v such_o a_o liberty_n shall_v i_o faldwrth_n now_o give_v you_o one_o example_n from_o the_o norman_n nullus_fw-la enim_fw-la socnam_fw-la habet_fw-la impunè_fw-la peccandi_fw-la say_v the_o law_n of_o hen._n 1._o cap._n 24._o speak_v of_o baron_n have_v soch_n and_o to_o enlarge_v yet_o a_o little_a further_o touch_v soc_n etc._n etc._n as_o it_o signify_v a_o liberty_n immunity_n franchise_n privilege_n jurisdiction_n etc._n etc._n so_o withal_o a_o territory_n