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that_o be_v god_n can_v only_o compel_v but_o the_o law_n and_o his_o court_n may_v advise_v he_o rot._n parliament_n 1_o hen._n 4._o nu_fw-la 79._o the_o commons_o express_o affirm_v judgement_n in_o parliament_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n these_o precedent_n show_v that_o from_o the_o conquest_n until_o a_o great_a part_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o reign_n in_o who_o day_n it_o be_v think_v the_o writ_n for_o election_n of_o knight_n be_v frame_v which_o be_v about_o two_o hundred_o year_n and_o above_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o time_n since_o the_o conquest_n to_o our_o day_n the_o baron_n make_v the_o parliament_n or_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n under_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n not_o only_o the_o earl_n but_o the_o bishop_n also_o be_v comprehend_v for_o the_o conqueror_n make_v the_o bishop_n baron_n therefore_o it_o be_v no_o such_o great_a wonder_n that_o in_o the_o writ_n we_o find_v the_o lord_n only_o to_o be_v the_o counsellor_n and_o the_o commons_o call_v only_o to_o perform_v and_o consent_v to_o the_o ordinance_n those_o there_o be_v who_o seem_v to_o believe_v that_o under_o the_o word_n baron_n ancient_o the_o lord_n of_o court-baron_n be_v comprehend_v and_o that_o they_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n as_o baron_n but_o if_o this_o can_v be_v prove_v to_o have_v be_v at_o any_o time_n true_a yet_o those_o lord_n of_o court-baron_n be_v not_o the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n except_o it_o can_v be_v also_o prove_v that_o the_o commons_o or_o freeholders_n of_o the_o kingdom_n choose_v such_o lord_n of_o court-baron_n to_o be_v present_a in_o parliament_n the_o lord_n of_o manor_n come_v not_o at_o first_o by_o election_n of_o the_o people_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n treat_v of_o the_o institution_n of_o court-baron_n resolve_v we_o in_o these_o word_n by_o the_o law_n and_o ordinance_n of_o ancient_a king_n and_o especial_o of_o king_n alfred_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o first_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o demean_v and_o les_fw-fr grand_a manor_n and_o royalty_n they_o reserve_v to_o themselves_o and_o of_o the_o remnant_n they_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n enfeoff_v the_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n with_o such_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o court-baron_n now_o have_v coke_n institutes_n first_o part_n fol._n 58._o here_o by_o the_o way_n i_o can_v but_o note_n that_o if_o the_o first_o king_n have_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o demean_v as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v they_o have_v and_o if_o the_o first_o king_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n as_o many_o think_v they_o be_v then_o sure_o our_o forefather_n be_v a_o very_a bountiful_a if_o not_o a_o prodigal_a people_n to_o give_v all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o their_o king_n with_o liberty_n for_o they_o to_o keep_v what_o they_o please_v and_o to_o give_v the_o remainder_n to_o their_o subject_n clog_v and_o encumber_a with_o a_o condition_n to_o defend_v the_o realm_n this_o be_v but_o a_o ill_a sign_n of_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n by_o original_a constitution_n or_o contract_n but_o to_o conclude_v the_o former_a point_n sir_n edward_n coke_n opinion_n be_v that_o in_o the_o ancient_a law_n under_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n be_v comprise_v all_o the_o nobility_n this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o baron_n be_v the_o common_a council_n do_v displease_v many_o and_o be_v deny_v as_o tend_v to_o the_o disparagement_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o to_o the_o discredit_v and_o confutation_n of_o their_o opinion_n who_o teach_v that_o the_o commons_o be_v assign_v councillor_n to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o people_n therefore_o i_o will_v call_v in_o mr._n pryn_n to_o help_v we_o with_o his_o testimony_n he_o in_o his_o book_n of_o treachery_n &_o disloyalty_n etc._n etc._n prove_v that_o before_o the_o conquest_n by_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n cap._n 17._o the_o king_n by_o his_o oath_n be_v to_o do_v justice_n by_o the_o council_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o his_o realm_n he_o also_o resolve_v that_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o parliament_n be_v above_o the_o king_n and_o aught_o to_o bridle_v he_o when_o he_o exorbitates_fw-la from_o the_o law_n he_o further_o tell_v we_o the_o peer_n &_o prelate_n have_v oft_o translate_v the_o crown_n from_o the_o right_a heir_n 1._o elect_v and_o crown_v edward_n who_o be_v illegitimate_a and_o put_v by_o ethelred_n the_o right_a heir_n after_o edgar_n decease_n 2._o elect_v and_o crown_v canutus_n a_o mere_a foreigner_n in_o opposition_n to_o edmund_n the_o right_a heir_n to_o king_n ethelred_n 3._o harold_n and_o hardiknute_n both_o elect_a king_n successive_o without_o title_n edmund_n and_o alfred_n the_o right_a heir_n be_v dispossess_v 4._o the_o english_a nobility_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o harold_n enact_v that_o none_o of_o the_o danish_a blood_n shall_v any_o more_o reign_n over_o they_o 5._o edgar_z etheling_n who_o have_v best_a title_n be_v reject_v and_o harold_n elect_v and_o crown_v king_n 6._o in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o year_n of_o edw._n 2._o the_o peer_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o land_n see_v themselves_o contemn_v entreat_v the_o king_n to_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o council_n of_o his_o baron_n he_o give_v his_o assent_n and_o swear_v to_o ratify_v what_o the_o noble_n ordain_v and_o one_o of_o their_o article_n be_v that_o he_o will_v thenceforward_o order_v all_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o council_n of_o his_o clergy_n and_o lord_n 7._o william_n rufus_n find_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o noble_n against_o he_o swear_v to_o lanfranke_n that_o if_o they_o will_v choose_v he_o for_o king_n he_o will_v abrogate_v their_o overhard_a law_n 8._o the_o beginning_n say_v mr._n pryn_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o hen._n 1._o be_v observable_a henry_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n know_v you_o that_o by_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n and_o common_a council_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n i_o be_o crown_v king_n 9_o maud_n the_o empress_n the_o right_a heir_n be_v put-by_a the_o crown_n by_o the_o prelate_n and_o baron_n and_o stephen_n earl_n of_o mortain_n who_o have_v no_o good_a title_n assemble_v the_o bishop_n and_o peer_n promise_v the_o amendment_n of_o the_o law_n according_a to_o all_o their_o pleasure_n and_o like_n be_v by_o they_o all_o proclaim_v king_n 10_o lewis_n of_o france_n crown_v king_n by_o the_o baron_n instead_o of_o king_n john_n all_o these_o testimony_n from_o mr._n pryn_n may_v satisfy_v that_o ancient_o the_o baron_n be_v the_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n of_o england_n and_o if_o mr._n pryn_n can_v have_v find_v so_o much_o antiquity_n and_o proof_n for_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n be_v of_o the_o common_a council_n i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o we_o shall_v have_v hear_v from_o he_o in_o capital_a character_n but_o alas_o he_o meet_v not_o with_o so_o much_o as_o these_o name_n in_o those_o elder_a age_n he_o dare_v not_o say_v the_o baron_n be_v assign_v by_o the_o people_n councillor_n to_o the_o king_n for_o he_o tell_v we_o every_o baron_n in_o parliament_n do_v represent_v his_o own_o person_n and_o speak_v in_o behalf_n of_o himself_o alone_o but_o in_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n be_v represent_v the_o commons_o of_o the_o whole_a realm_n therefore_o every_o one_o of_o the_o commons_o have_v a_o great_a voice_n in_o parliament_n than_o the_o great_a earl_n in_o england_n nevertheless_o master_n pryn_n will_v be_v very_o well_o content_a if_o we_o will_v admit_v and_o swallow_v these_o parliament_n of_o baron_n for_o the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o cite_v they_o or_o to_o no_o purpose_n at_o all_o but_o to_o prove_v the_o treachery_n and_o disloyalty_n of_o popish_a parliament_n prelate_n and_o peer_n to_o their_o king_n which_o be_v the_o main_a point_n that_o master_n pryn_n by_o the_o title_n of_o his_o book_n be_v to_o make_v good_a and_o to_o prove_v as_o to_o the_o second_o point_n which_o be_v that_o until_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 1._o the_o commons_o be_v not_o call_v to_o parliament_n beside_o the_o general_a silence_n of_o antiquity_n which_o never_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o commons_o come_v to_o parliament_n until_o that_o time_n our_o history_n say_v before_o his_o time_n only_o certain_a of_o the_o nobility_n be_v call_v to_o consultation_n about_o the_o most_o important_a affair_n of_o the_o state_n he_o cause_v the_o commons_o also_o to_o be_v assemble_v by_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n of_o their_o own_o appointment_n much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n write_v sir_n walter_n raleigh_n say_v it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n
it_o such_o a_o evil_a as_o the_o party_n that_o suffer_v or_o the_o public_a can_v be_v accessary_a to_o let_v the_o case_n be_v never_o so_o small_a yet_o if_o there_o be_v illegality_n in_o the_o act_n it_o strike_v at_o the_o very_o be_v of_o limit_a monarchy_n which_o be_v to_o be_v legal_a unless_o our_o author_n will_v say_v as_o in_o effect_n he_o do_v that_o his_o limit_a monarch_n must_v govern_v according_a to_o law_n in_o great_a and_o public_a matter_n only_o and_o that_o in_o small_a matter_n which_o concern_v private_a man_n or_o poor_a person_n he_o may_v rule_v according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n second_o our_o author_n tell_v we_o 17._o if_o the_o monarch_n act_n of_o exorbitancy_n or_o transgression_n be_v mortal_a and_o such_o as_o suffer_v dissolve_v the_o frame_n of_o government_n and_o public_a liberty_n than_o the_o illegality_n be_v to_o be_v set_v open_a and_o redresment_n seek_v by_o petition_n which_o if_o fail_v prevention_n by_o resistance_n ought_v to_o be_v and_o if_o it_o be_v apparent_a and_o appeal_v be_v make_v to_o the_o conscience_n of_o mankind_n than_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o that_o monarchy_n must_v judge_v and_o pronounce_v the_o sentence_n in_o every_o man_n conscience_n and_o every_o man_n so_o far_o as_o concern_v he_o must_v follow_v the_o evidence_n of_o truth_n in_o his_o own_o soul_n to_o oppose_v or_o not_o to_o oppose_v according_a as_o he_o can_v in_o conscience_n acquit_v or_o condemn_v the_o act_n of_o the_o governor_n or_o monarch_n whereas_o my_o author_n require_v that_o the_o destructive_a nature_n of_o illegal_a command_n shall_v be_v set_v open_a sure_o his_o mind_n be_v that_o each_o private_a man_n in_o his_o particular_a case_n shall_v make_v a_o public_a remonstrance_n to_o the_o world_n of_o the_o illegal_a act_n of_o the_o monarch_n and_o than_o if_o upon_o his_o petition_n he_o can_v be_v relieve_v according_a to_o his_o desire_n he_o ought_v or_o it_o be_v his_o duty_n to_o make_v resistance_n here_o i_o will_v know_v who_o can_v be_v the_o judge_n whether_o the_o illegality_n be_v make_v apparent_a it_o be_v a_o main_a point_n since_o every_o man_n be_v prone_a to_o flatter_v himself_o in_o his_o own_o cause_n and_o to_o think_v it_o good_a and_o that_o the_o wrong_n or_o injustice_n he_o suffer_v be_v apparent_a when_o other_o moderate_a and_o indifferent_a man_n can_v discover_v no_o such_o thing_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o judgement_n of_o the_o common_a people_n can_v be_v gather_v or_o know_v by_o any_o possible_a mean_n or_o if_o it_o can_v it_o be_v like_a to_o be_v various_a and_o erroneous_a yet_o our_o author_n will_v have_v a_o appeal_v make_v to_o the_o conscience_n of_o all_o mankind_n and_o that_o be_v make_v he_o conclude_v the_o fundamental_a law_n must_v judge_v and_o pronounce_v sentence_n in_o every_o man_n conscience_n whereas_o he_o say_v 18._o the_o fundamental_a law_n must_v judge_v i_o will_v very_o glad_o learn_v of_o he_o or_o of_o any_o other_o for_o he_o what_o a_o fundamental_a law_n be_v or_o else_o have_v but_o any_o one_o law_n name_v i_o that_o any_o man_n can_v say_v be_v a_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o monarchy_n i_o confess_v he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o common_a law_n be_v the_o foundation_n 38._o and_o the_o statute_n law_n be_v superstructive_a yet_o i_o think_v he_o dare_v not_o say_v that_o there_o be_v any_o one_o branch_n or_o part_n of_o the_o common_a law_n but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v take_v away_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o many_o point_n of_o the_o common_a law_n de_fw-la facto_fw-la have_v and_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la any_o point_n may_v be_v take_v away_o how_o can_v that_o be_v call_v fundamental_a which_o have_v and_o may_v be_v remove_v and_o yet_o the_o statute-law_n stand_v firm_a and_o stable_a it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o fundamental_a for_o the_o building_n to_o stand_v when_o the_o foundation_n be_v take_v away_o beside_o the_o common_a law_n be_v general_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o common_a usage_n or_o custom_n which_o by_o length_n of_o time_n only_o obtain_v authority_n so_o that_o it_o follow_v in_o time_n after_o government_n but_o can_v go_v before_o it_o and_o be_v the_o rule_n to_o government_n by_o any_o original_a or_o radical_a constitution_n also_o the_o common_a law_n be_v unwritten_a doubtful_a and_o difficult_a can_v but_o be_v a_o uncertain_a rule_n to_o govern_v by_o which_o be_v against_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o rule_n which_o be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v certain_a last_o by_o make_v the_o common_a law_n only_o to_o be_v the_o foundation_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v exclude_v from_o be_v a_o fundamental_a law_n and_o also_o all_o other_o statute_n from_o be_v limitation_n to_o monarchy_n since_o the_o fundamental_a law_n only_o be_v to_o be_v judge_n true_o the_o conscience_n of_o all_o mankind_n be_v a_o pretty_a large_a tribunal_n for_o the_o fundamental_a law_n to_o pronounce_v sentence_n in_o it_o be_v very_o much_o that_o law_n which_o in_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v dumb_a and_o always_o need_v a_o judge_n to_o pronounce_v sentence_n shall_v now_o be_v able_a to_o speak_v and_o pronounce_v sentence_n themselves_o such_o a_o sentence_n sure_o must_v be_v upon_o the_o hear_n of_o one_o party_n only_o for_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o a_o monarch_n to_o make_v his_o defence_n and_o answer_n and_o produce_v his_o witness_n in_o every_o man_n conscience_n in_o each_o man_n cause_n who_o will_v but_o question_v the_o legality_n of_o the_o monarch_n government_n certain_o the_o sentence_n can_v but_o be_v unjust_a where_o but_o one_o man_n tale_n be_v hear_v for_o all_o this_o the_o conclusion_n be_v every_o man_n must_v oppose_v or_o not_o oppose_v the_o monarch_n according_a to_o his_o own_o conscience_n thus_o at_o the_o last_o every_o man_n be_v bring_v by_o this_o doctrine_n of_o our_o author_n to_o be_v his_o own_o judge_n and_o i_o also_o appeal_v to_o the_o conscience_n of_o all_o mankind_n whether_o the_o end_n of_o this_o be_v not_o utter_a confusion_n and_o anarchy_n yet_o after_o all_o this_o the_o author_n say_v this_o power_n of_o every_o man_n judge_v the_o illegal_a act_n of_o the_o monarch_n 18._o argue_v not_o a_o superiority_n of_o those_o who_o judge_v over_o he_o who_o be_v judge_v and_o he_o give_v a_o profound_a reason_n for_o it_o his_o word_n be_v it_o be_v not_o authoritative_a and_o civil_a but_o moral_a reside_v in_o reasonable_a creature_n and_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o execute_v what_o our_o author_n mean_v by_o these_o word_n not_o authoritative_a and_o civil_a but_o moral_a perhaps_o i_o understand_v not_o though_o i_o think_v i_o do_v yet_o it_o serve_v my_o turn_n that_o he_o say_v that_o resistance_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v and_o every_o man_n must_v oppose_v or_o not_o oppose_v according_a as_o in_o conscience_n he_o can_v acquit_v or_o condemn_v the_o act_n of_o his_o governor_n for_o if_o it_o enable_v a_o man_n to_o resist_v and_o oppose_v his_o governor_n without_o question_n it_o be_v authoritative_a and_o civil_a whereas_o he_o add_v that_o moral_a judgement_n be_v reside_v in_o reasonable_a creature_n and_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o execute_v he_o seem_v to_o imply_v that_o authoritative_a and_o civil_a judgement_n do_v not_o reside_v in_o reasonable_a creature_n nor_o can_v be_v lawful_o execute_v such_o a_o conclusion_n fit_v well_o with_o anarchy_n for_o he_o that_o take_v away_o all_o government_n and_o leave_v every_o man_n to_o his_o own_o conscience_n and_o so_o make_v he_o a_o independent_a in_o state_n may_v well_o teach_v that_o authority_n reside_v not_o in_o reasonable_a creature_n nor_o can_v be_v lawful_o execute_v i_o pass_v from_o his_o absolute_a and_o limit_a monarchy_n to_o his_o division_n or_o partition_n for_o he_o allow_v no_o division_n of_o monarchy_n into_o simple_a and_o mix_v viz._n of_o a_o monarch_n the_o nobility_n and_o community_n where_o first_o observe_v a_o doubt_n of_o our_o author_n 25._o whether_o a_o firm_a union_n can_v be_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o equality_n he_o rather_o think_v there_o must_v be_v a_o priority_n of_o order_n in_o one_o of_o the_o three_o or_o else_o there_o can_v be_v no_o unity_n he_o must_v know_v that_o priority_n of_o order_n do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o equality_n of_o mixture_n if_o the_o share_n be_v equal_a for_o he_o that_o have_v the_o first_o share_n may_v have_v no_o more_o than_o the_o other_o so_o that_o if_o he_o will_v have_v a_o inequality_n of_o mixture_n a_o primity_n of_o share_n will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n the_o first_o share_n must_v be_v great_a or_o better_a than_o the_o other_o or_o else_o they_o will_v be_v equal_a and_o then_o he_o can_v call_v it_o a_o mix_a monarchy_n where_o only_o
government_n as_o the_o former_a rule_n do_v from_o limitation_n by_o law_n thus_o in_o brief_a i_o have_v trace_v aristotle_n in_o his_o crabbed_a and_o break_a passage_n touch_v diversity_n of_o king_n where_o he_o first_o find_v but_o four_o sort_n and_o then_o he_o stumble_v upon_o a_o five_o and_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n content_v himself_o only_o with_o two_o sort_n of_o king_n but_o in_o the_o chapter_n follow_v conclude_v with_o one_o which_o be_v the_o true_a perfect_a monarch_n who_o rule_v all_o by_o his_o own_o will_n in_o all_o this_o we_o find_v nothing_o for_o a_o regulate_v or_o mix_v monarchy_n but_o against_o it_o moreover_o whereas_o the_o author_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n affirm_v it_o as_o a_o prime_a principle_n that_o all_o monarchy_n except_o that_o of_o the_o jew_n depend_v upon_o humane_a designment_n when_o the_o consent_n of_o a_o society_n of_o man_n and_o a_o fundamental_a contract_n of_o a_o nation_n by_o original_n or_o radical_a constitution_n confer_v power_n he_o must_v know_v that_o aristotle_n search_v into_o the_o original_a of_o government_n show_v himself_o in_o this_o point_n a_o better_a divine_a than_o our_o author_n and_o as_o if_o he_o have_v study_v the_o book_n of_o genesis_n teach_v that_o monarchy_n fetch_v their_o pedigree_n from_o the_o right_n of_o father_n and_o not_o from_o the_o gift_n or_o contract_n of_o people_n his_o word_n may_v thus_o be_v english_v at_o the_o first_o city_n be_v govern_v by_o king_n and_o so_o even_o to_o this_o day_n be_v nation_n also_o for_o such_o as_o be_v under_o kingly_a government_n do_v come_v together_o for_o every_o house_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o king_n who_o be_v the_o elder_a and_o so_o also_o colony_n be_v govern_v for_o kindred_n sake_n and_o immediate_o before_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o first_o society_n make_v of_o many_o house_n be_v a_o village_n which_o natural_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o a_o house_n which_o some_o call_v foster-brethren_n or_o child_n and_o child_n child_n so_o in_o conclusion_n we_o have_v gain_v aristotle_n judgement_n in_o three_o main_a and_o essential_a point_n 1._o a_o king_n according_a to_o law_n make_v no_o kind_n of_o government_n 2._o a_o king_n must_v rule_v according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n 3._o the_o original_a of_o king_n be_v from_o the_o right_n of_o fatherhood_n what_o aristotle_n judgement_n be_v two_o thousand_o year_n since_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o great_a modern_a politician_n bodin_n hear_v he_o touch_v limit_v monarchy_n unto_o majesty_n or_o sovereignty_n say_v he_o belong_v a_o absolute_a power_n not_o subject_a to_o any_o law_n chief_a power_n give_v unto_o a_o prince_n with_o condition_n be_v not_o proper_o sovereignty_n or_o power_n absolute_a except_o such_o condition_n annex_v to_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v direct_o comprehend_v within_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n albeit_o by_o the_o sufferance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n controversy_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n be_v sometime_o determine_v by_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n and_o sometime_o by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n yet_o all_o the_o estate_n remain_v in_o full_a subjection_n to_o the_o king_n who_o be_v no_o way_n bind_v to_o follow_v their_o advice_n neither_o to_o consent_v to_o their_o request_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o law_n privilege_n and_o grant_n of_o prince_n have_v no_o force_n but_o during_o their_o life_n if_o they_o be_v not_o ratify_v by_o the_o express_a consent_n or_o by_o sufferance_n of_o the_o prince_n follow_v especial_o privilege_n much_o less_o shall_v a_o prince_n be_v bind_v unto_o the_o law_n he_o make_v himself_o for_o a_o man_n may_v well_o receive_v a_o law_n from_o another_o man_n but_o impossible_a it_o be_v in_o nature_n for_o to_o give_v a_o law_n unto_o himself_o no_o more_o than_o it_o be_v to_o command_v a_o man_n self_n in_o a_o matter_n depend_v of_o his_o own_o will_n the_o law_n say_v nulla_fw-la obligatio_fw-la consistere_fw-la potest_fw-la quae_fw-la à _fw-la voluntate_fw-la promittentis_fw-la statum_fw-la capit_fw-la the_o sovereign_a prince_n may_v derogate_v unto_o the_o law_n that_o he_o have_v promise_v and_o swear_v to_o keep_v if_o the_o equity_n thereof_o be_v cease_v and_o that_o of_o himself_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o majesty_n of_o a_o true_a sovereign_a prince_n be_v to_o be_v know_v when_o the_o estate_n of_o all_o the_o people_n assemble_v in_o all_o humility_n present_v their_o request_n and_o supplication_n to_o their_o prince_n without_o have_v power_n in_o any_o thing_n to_o command_v determine_v or_o give_v voice_n but_o that_o that_o which_o it_o please_v the_o king_n to_o like_v or_o dislike_v to_o command_v or_o bid_v be_v hold_v for_o law_n wherein_o they_o which_o have_v write_v of_o the_o duty_n of_o magistrate_n have_v deceive_v themselves_o in_o maintain_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n be_v great_a than_o the_o prince_n a_o thing_n which_o cause_v oft_o true_a subject_n to_o revolt_v from_o their_o obedience_n to_o their_o prince_n and_o minister_v matter_n of_o great_a trouble_n in_o commonwealth_n of_o which_o their_o opinion_n there_o be_v neither_o reason_n nor_o ground_n for_o if_o the_o king_n be_v subject_a unto_o the_o assembly_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o people_n he_o shall_v neither_o be_v king_n nor_o sovereign_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n neither_o realm_n nor_o monarchy_n but_o a_o mere_a aristocracy_n so_o we_o see_v the_o principal_a point_n of_o sovereign_a majesty_n and_o absolute_a power_n to_o consist_v principal_o in_o give_v law_n unto_o the_o subject_n in_o general_a without_o their_o consent_n bodin_n de_fw-fr rep._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o to_o confound_v the_o state_n of_o monarchy_n with_o the_o popular_a or_o aristocratical_a estate_n be_v a_o thing_n impossible_a and_o in_o effect_n incompatible_a and_o such_o as_o can_v be_v imagine_v for_o sovereignty_n be_v of_o itself_o indivisible_a how_o can_v it_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o one_o prince_n the_o nobility_n and_o the_o people_n in_o common_a the_o first_o mark_n of_o sovereign_a majesty_n be_v to_o be_v of_o power_n to_o give_v law_n and_o to_o command_v over_o they_o unto_o the_o subject_n and_o who_o shall_v those_o subject_n be_v that_o shall_v yield_v their_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n if_o they_o shall_v have_v also_o power_n to_o make_v the_o law_n who_o shall_v he_o be_v that_o can_v give_v the_o law_n be_v himself_o constrain_v to_o receive_v it_o of_o they_o unto_o who_o himself_o give_v it_o so_o that_o of_o necessity_n we_o must_v conclude_v that_o as_o no_o one_o in_o particular_a have_v the_o power_n to_o make_v the_o law_n in_o such_o a_o state_n that_o then_o the_o state_n must_v needs_o be_v a_o state_n popular_fw-la never_a any_o commonwealth_n have_v be_v make_v of_o a_o aristocracy_n and_o popular_a estate_n much_o less_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o a_o commonweal_n such_o state_n wherein_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v divide_v be_v not_o right_o to_o be_v call_v commonweal_n but_o rather_o the_o corruption_n of_o commonweal_n as_o herodotus_n have_v most_o brief_o but_o true_o write_v commonweal_n which_o change_v their_o state_n the_o sovereign_n right_a &_o power_n of_o they_o be_v divide_v find_v no_o rest_n from_o civil_a war_n and_o broil_n till_o they_o again_o recover_v some_o one_o of_o the_o three_o form_n and_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v whole_o in_o one_o of_o the_o state_n or_o other_o where_o the_o right_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o prince_n &_o his_o subject_n in_o that_o confusion_n of_o state_n there_o be_v still_o endless_a stir_n and_o quarrel_n for_o the_o superiority_n until_o that_o some_o one_o some_o few_o or_o all_o together_o have_v get_v the_o sovereignty_n id._n lib._n 2._o c._n 1._o this_o judgement_n of_o bodin_n touch_v limit_v and_o mix_v monarchy_n be_v not_o according_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o our_o author_n nor_o yet_o of_o the_o observator_fw-la who_o use_v the_o strength_n of_o his_o wit_n to_o overthrow_v absolute_a and_o arbitrary_a government_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o main_a body_n of_o his_o discourse_n le_fw-fr we_o fall_v such_o truth_n from_o his_o pen_n as_o give_v a_o deadly_a wound_n to_o the_o cause_n he_o plead_v for_o if_o they_o be_v indifferent_o weigh_v and_o consider_v i_o will_v not_o pick_v a_o line_n or_o two_o here_o and_o there_o to_o wrest_v against_o he_o but_o will_v present_v a_o whole_a page_n of_o his_o book_n or_o more_o together_o that_o so_o we_o may_v have_v a_o entire_a prospect_n upon_o the_o observator_n mind_n without_o society_n say_v the_o observator_fw-la man_n can_v not_o live_v without_o law_n man_n can_v not_o be_v sociable_a and_o without_o authority_n
be_v before_o law_n the_o king_n of_o judah_n and_o israel_n not_o tie_v to_o law_n 2_o of_o samuel_n description_n of_o a_o king_n 3_o the_o power_n ascribe_v to_o king_n in_o the_o new_a testament_n 4_o whether_o law_n be_v invent_v to_o bridle_v tyrant_n 5_o the_o benefit_n of_o law_n 6_o king_n keep_v the_o law_n though_o not_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n 7_o of_o the_o oath_n of_o king_n 8_o of_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n over_o law_n 9_o the_o king_n the_o author_n the_o interpreter_n and_o corrector_n of_o the_o common_a law_n 10_o the_o king_n judge_n in_o all_o cause_n both_o before_o the_o conquest_n and_o since_o 11_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n ancient_o determine_v cause_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n 12_o of_o parliament_n 13_o when_o the_o people_n be_v first_o call_v to_o parliament_n 14_o the_o liberty_n of_o parliament_n not_o from_o nature_n but_o from_o the_o grace_n of_o prince_n 15_o the_o king_n alone_o make_v law_n in_o parliament_n 16_o he_o govern_v both_o house_n by_o himself_o 17_o or_o by_o his_o council_n 18_o or_o by_o his_o judge_n chap_n i._o that_o the_o first_o king_n be_v father_n of_o family_n 1_o the_o tenent_n of_o the_o natural_a liberty_n of_o mankind_n new_a plausible_a and_o dangerous_a 2_o the_o question_n state_v out_o of_o bellarmine_n some_o contradiction_n of_o his_o note_a 3_o bellarmine_n argument_n answer_v out_o of_o bellarmine_n himself_o 4_o the_o royal_a authority_n of_o the_o patriarch_n before_o the_o flood_n 5_o the_o dispersion_n of_o nation_n over_o the_o world_n after_o the_o confusion_n of_o babel_n be_v by_o entire_a family_n over_o which_o the_o father_n be_v king_n 6_o and_o from_o they_o all_o king_n descend_v 7_o all_o king_n be_v either_o father_n of_o their_o people_n 8_o or_o heir_n of_o such_o father_n or_o usurper_n of_o the_o right_n of_o such_o father_n 9_o of_o the_o escheat_a of_o kingdom_n 10_o of_o regal_a and_o paternal_a power_n and_o their_o agreement_n since_o the_o time_n that_o school-divinity_n begin_v to_o flourish_v there_o have_v be_v a_o common_a opinion_n maintain_v as_o well_o by_o divine_n as_o by_o divers_a other_o learned_a man_n which_o affirm_v mankind_n be_v natural_o endow_v and_o bear_v with_o freedom_n from_o all_o subjection_n and_o at_o liberty_n to_o choose_v what_o form_n of_o government_n it_o please_v and_o that_o the_o power_n which_o any_o one_o man_n have_v over_o other_o be_v at_o first_o bestow_v according_a to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o multitude_n this_o tenent_n be_v first_o hatch_v in_o the_o school_n and_o have_v be_v foster_v by_o all_o succeed_a papist_n for_o good_a divinity_n the_o divine_n also_o of_o the_o reform_a church_n have_v entertain_v it_o and_o the_o common_a people_n every_o where_o tender_o embrace_v it_o as_o be_v most_o plausible_a to_o flesh_n and_o blood_n for_o that_o it_o prodigal_o destribute_v a_o portion_n of_o liberty_n to_o the_o mean_a of_o the_o multitude_n who_o magnify_v liberty_n as_o if_o the_o height_n of_o humane_a felicity_n be_v only_o to_o be_v find_v in_o it_o never_o remember_v that_o the_o desire_n of_o liberty_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o fall_n of_o adam_n but_o howsoever_o this_o vulgar_a opinion_n have_v of_o late_o obtain_v a_o great_a reputation_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o ancient_a father_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n it_o contradict_v the_o doctrine_n and_o history_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n the_o constant_a practice_n of_o all_o ancient_a monarchy_n and_o the_o very_a principle_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o say_v whether_o it_o be_v more_o erroneous_a in_o divinity_n or_o dangerous_a in_o policy_n yet_o upon_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o doctrine_n both_o jesuit_n and_o some_o other_o zealous_a favourer_n of_o the_o geneva_n discipline_n have_v build_v a_o perilous_a conclusion_n which_o be_v that_o the_o people_n or_o multitude_n have_v power_n to_o punish_v or_o deprive_v the_o prince_n if_o he_o transgress_v the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n witness_n parson_n and_o buchanan_n the_o first_o under_o the_o name_n of_o dolman_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n labour_v to_o prove_v that_o king_n have_v be_v lawful_o chastise_v by_o their_o commonwealth_n the_o latter_a in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la regni_fw-la apud_fw-la scotos_fw-gr maintain_v a_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n to_o depose_v their_o prince_n cardinal_n bellarmine_n and_o calvin_n both_o look_v asquint_o this_o way_n this_o desperate_a assertion_n whereby_o king_n be_v make_v subject_a to_o the_o censure_n and_o deprivation_n of_o their_o subject_n follow_v as_o the_o author_n of_o it_o conceive_v as_o a_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o that_o former_a position_n of_o the_o suppose_a natural_a equality_n and_o freedom_n of_o mankind_n and_o liberty_n to_o choose_v what_o form_n of_o government_n it_o please_v and_o though_o sir_n john_n heywood_n adam_n blackwood_n john_n barclay_n and_o some_o other_o have_v learned_o confute_v both_o buchanan_n and_o parson_n and_o brave_o vindicate_v the_o right_n of_o king_n in_o most_o point_n yet_o all_o of_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o natural_a liberty_n and_o equality_n of_o mankind_n do_v with_o one_o consent_n admit_v it_o for_o a_o truth_n unquestionable_a not_o so_o much_o as_o once_o deny_v or_o oppose_v it_o whereas_o if_o they_o do_v but_o confute_v this_o first_o erroneous_a principle_n the_o whole_a fabric_n of_o this_o vast_a engine_n of_o popular_a sedition_n will_v drop_v down_o of_o itself_o the_o rebellious_a consequence_n which_o follow_v this_o prime_a article_n of_o the_o natural_a freedom_n of_o mankind_n may_v be_v my_o sufficient_a warrant_n for_o a_o modest_a examination_n of_o the_o original_a truth_n of_o it_o much_o have_v be_v say_v and_o by_o many_o for_o the_o affirmative_a equity_n require_v that_o a_o ear_n be_v reserve_v a_o little_a for_o the_o negative_a in_o this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v give_v myself_o these_o caution_n first_o i_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v to_o meddle_v with_o mystery_n of_o state_n such_o arcana_fw-la imperii_fw-la or_o cabinet_n counsel_n the_o vulgar_a may_v not_o pry_v into_o a_o implicit_a faith_n be_v give_v to_o the_o mean_a artificer_n in_o his_o own_o craft_n how_o much_o more_o be_v it_o then_o due_a to_o a_o prince_n in_o the_o profound_a secret_n of_o government_n the_o cause_n and_o end_n of_o the_o great_a politic_a action_n and_o motion_n of_o state_n dazzle_v the_o eye_n and_o exceed_v the_o capacity_n of_o all_o man_n save_v only_o those_o that_o be_v hourly_o verse_v in_o the_o manage_n public_a affair_n yet_o since_o the_o rule_n for_o each_o man_n to_o know_v in_o what_o to_o obey_v his_o prince_n can_v be_v learn_v without_o a_o relative_a knowledge_n of_o those_o point_n wherein_o a_o sovereign_n may_v command_v it_o be_v necessary_a when_o the_o command_n and_o pleasure_n of_o superior_n come_v abroad_o and_o call_v for_o a_o obedience_n that_o every_o man_n himself_o know_v how_o to_o regulate_v his_o action_n or_o his_o suffering_n for_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o thing_n command_v a_o active_a or_o passive_a obedience_n be_v to_o be_v yield_v and_o this_o be_v not_o to_o limit_v the_o prince_n power_n but_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o subject_n obedience_n by_o give_v to_o caesar_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v caesar_n etc._n etc._n second_o i_o be_o not_o to_o question_v or_o quarrel_n at_o the_o right_n or_o liberty_n of_o this_o or_o any_o other_o nation_n my_o task_n be_v chief_o to_o inquire_v from_o who_o these_o first_o come_v not_o to_o dispute_v what_o or_o how_o many_o these_o be_v but_o whether_o they_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o law_n of_o natural_a liberty_n or_o from_o the_o grace_n and_o bounty_n of_o prince_n my_o desire_n and_o hope_n be_v that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n may_v and_o do_v enjoy_v as_o ample_a privilege_n as_o any_o nation_n under_o heaven_n the_o great_a liberty_n in_o the_o world_n if_o it_o be_v due_o consider_v be_v for_o a_o people_n to_o live_v under_o a_o monarch_n it_o be_v the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o this_o kingdom_n all_o other_o show_v or_o pretext_n of_o liberty_n be_v but_o several_a degree_n of_o slavery_n and_o a_o liberty_n only_o to_o destroy_v liberty_n if_o such_o as_o maintain_v the_o natural_a liberty_n of_o mankind_n take_v offence_n at_o the_o liberty_n i_o take_v to_o examine_v it_o they_o must_v take_v heed_n that_o they_o do_v not_o deny_v by_o retail_n that_o liberty_n which_o they_o affirm_v by_o wholesale_n for_o if_o the_o thesis_n be_v true_a the_o hypothesis_n will_v follow_v that_o all_o man_n may_v examine_v their_o own_o charter_n deed_n or_o evidence_n by_o which_o they_o claim_v and_o hold_v the_o inheritance_n
may_v be_v free_a of_o his_o own_o authority_n and_o of_o absolute_a power_n over_o himself_o and_o over_o the_o law_n to_o do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o leave_v undo_v what_o he_o list_v and_o this_o decree_n be_v make_v while_o augustus_n be_v yet_o absent_a according_o we_o find_v that_o ulpian_n the_o great_a lawyer_n deliver_v it_o for_o a_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n princeps_fw-la legibus_fw-la solutus_fw-la est_fw-la the_o prince_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n 9_o if_o the_o nature_n of_o law_n be_v advise_o weigh_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v above_o they_o may_v more_o manifest_v itself_o we_o all_o know_v that_o a_o law_n in_o general_n be_v the_o command_n of_o a_o superior_a power_n law_n be_v divide_v as_o bellarmine_n divide_v the_o word_n of_o god_n into_o write_v and_o unwritten_a not_o for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o write_v at_o all_o but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o write_v by_o the_o first_o deviser_n or_o maker_n of_o it_o the_o common_a law_n as_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n egerton_n teach_v we_o be_v the_o common_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n now_o concern_v custom_n this_o must_v be_v consider_v that_o for_o every_o custom_n there_o be_v a_o time_n when_o it_o be_v no_o custom_n and_o the_o first_o precedent_n we_o now_o have_v have_v no_o precedent_n when_o it_o begin_v when_o every_o custom_n begin_v there_o be_v something_o else_o than_o custom_n that_o make_v it_o lawful_a or_o else_o the_o beginning_n of_o all_o custom_n be_v unlawful_a custom_n at_o first_o become_v lawful_a only_o by_o some_o superior_a which_o do_v either_o command_n or_o consent_v unto_o their_o beginning_n and_o the_o first_o power_n which_o we_o find_v as_o it_o be_v confess_v by_o all_o man_n be_v the_o kingly_a power_n which_o be_v both_o in_o this_o and_o in_o all_o other_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n long_o before_o any_o law_n or_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o government_n be_v think_v of_o from_o whence_o we_o must_v necessary_o infer_v that_o the_o common_a law_n itself_o or_o common_a custom_n of_o this_o land_n be_v original_o the_o law_n and_o command_n of_o king_n at_o first_o unwritten_a nor_o must_v we_o think_v the_o common_a custom_n which_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o be_v but_o few_o to_o be_v such_o or_o so_o many_o as_o be_v able_a to_o give_v special_a rule_n to_o determine_v every_o particular_a cause_n diversity_n of_o case_n be_v infinite_a and_o impossible_a to_o be_v regulate_v by_o any_o law_n and_o therefore_o we_o find_v even_o in_o the_o divine_a law_n which_o be_v deliver_v by_o moses_n there_o be_v only_o certain_a principal_a law_n which_o do_v not_o determine_v but_o only_o direct_v the_o highpriest_n or_o magistrate_n who_o judgement_n in_o special_a case_n do_v determine_v what_o the_o general_a law_n intend_v it_o be_v so_o with_o the_o common_a law_n for_o when_o there_o be_v no_o perfect_a rule_n judge_n do_v resort_n to_o those_o principle_n or_o common-law_n axiom_n whereupon_o former_a judgement_n in_o case_n somewhat_o like_a have_v be_v deliver_v by_o former_a judge_n who_o all_o receive_v authority_n from_o the_o king_n in_o his_o right_n and_o name_v to_o give_v sentence_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n and_o precedent_n of_o ancient_a time_n and_o where_o precedent_n have_v fail_v the_o judge_n have_v resort_v to_o the_o general_n law_n of_o reason_n and_o according_o give_v judgement_n without_o any_o common_a law_n to_o direct_v they_o nay_o many_o time_n where_o there_o have_v be_v precedent_n to_o direct_v they_o upon_o better_a reason_n only_o have_v change_v the_o law_n both_o in_o cause_n criminal_a and_o civil_a and_o have_v not_o insist_v so_o much_o on_o the_o example_n of_o former_a judge_n as_o examine_v and_o correct_v their_o reason_n thence_o it_o be_v that_o some_o law_n be_v now_o obsolete_a and_o out_o of_o use_n and_o the_o practice_n quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o it_o be_v in_o former_a time_n as_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n egerton_n prove_v by_o several_a instance_n nor_o be_v this_o speak_v to_o derogate_v from_o the_o common_a law_n for_o the_o case_n stand_v so_o with_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n although_o some_o of_o they_o have_v their_o law_n and_o principle_n write_v and_o establish_v for_o witness_n to_o this_o we_o have_v aristotle_n his_o testimony_n in_o his_o ethique_n and_o in_o several_a place_n in_o his_o politic_n i_o will_v cite_v some_o of_o they_o every_o law_n say_v he_o be_v in_o the_o general_n but_o of_o some_o thing_n there_o can_v be_v no_o general_n law_n when_o therefore_o the_o law_n speak_v in_o general_n and_o something_o fall_v out_o after_o beside_o the_o general_n rule_n then_o it_o be_v fit_a that_o what_o the_o law_n maker_n have_v omit_v or_o where_o he_o have_v err_v by_o speak_v general_o it_o shall_v be_v correct_v or_o supply_v as_o if_o the_o lawmaker_n himself_o be_v present_a to_o ordain_v it_o the_o governor_n whether_o he_o be_v one_o man_n or_o more_o aught_o to_o be_v lord_n over_o all_o those_o thing_n whereof_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o law_n shall_v exact_o speak_v because_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o comprehend_v all_o thing_n under_o general_a rule_n whatsoever_o the_o law_n can_v determine_v it_o leave_v to_o the_o governor_n to_o give_v judgement_n therein_o and_o permit_v they_o to_o rectify_v whatsoever_o upon_o trial_n thy_o find_v to_o be_v better_a than_o the_o write_a law_n beside_o all_o law_n be_v of_o themselves_o dumb_a and_o some_o or_o other_o must_v be_v trust_v with_o the_o application_n of_o they_o to_o particular_n by_o examine_v all_o circumstance_n to_o pronounce_v when_o they_o be_v break_v or_o by_o who_o this_o work_n of_o right_a application_n of_o law_n be_v not_o a_o thing_n easy_a or_o obvious_a for_o ordinary_a capacity_n but_o require_v profound_a ability_n of_o nature_n for_o the_o beat_n out_o of_o the_o truth_n witness_v the_o diversity_n and_o sometime_o the_o contrariety_n of_o opinion_n of_o the_o learned_a judge_n in_o some_o difficult_a point_n 10_o since_o this_o be_v the_o common_a condition_n of_o law_n it_o be_v also_o most_o reasonable_a that_o the_o lawmaker_n shall_v be_v trust_v with_o the_o application_n or_o interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n ancient_o the_o king_n of_o this_o land_n have_v sit_v personal_o in_o court_n of_o judicature_n and_o be_v still_o representative_o present_a in_o all_o court_n the_o judge_n be_v but_o substitute_v and_o call_v the_o king_n justice_n and_o their_o power_n cease_v when_o the_o king_n be_v in_o place_n to_o this_o purpose_n bracton_n that_o learned_a chief_a justice_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o say_v in_o express_a term_n in_o doubtful_a and_o obscure_a point_n the_o interpretation_n and_o will_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v since_o it_o be_v his_o part_n to_o interpret_v who_o make_v the_o law_n for_o as_o he_o say_v in_o another_o place_n rex_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alius_fw-la debet_fw-la judicare_fw-la si_fw-la solus_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la sufficere_fw-la possit_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o king_n and_o no_o body_n else_o aught_o to_o give_v judgement_n if_o he_o be_v able_a since_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o oath_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o it_o therefore_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o exercise_v power_n as_o the_o vicar_n or_o minister_n of_o god_n but_o if_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v not_o able_a to_o determine_v every_o cause_n to_o ease_v part_n of_o his_o pain_n by_o distribute_v the_o burden_n to_o more_o person_n he_o ought_v to_o choose_v wiseman_n fear_v god_n etc._n etc._n and_o make_v justice_n of_o they_o much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v the_o word_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o book_n of_o law_n write_v by_o his_o appointment_n by_o john_n briton_n bishop_n of_o hereford_z we_o will_v say_v he_o that_o our_o own_o jurisdiction_n be_v above_o all_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o our_o realm_n so_o as_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o felony_n trespass_n contract_n and_o in_o all_o other_o action_n personal_a or_o real_a we_o have_v power_n to_o yield_v such_o judgement_n as_o do_v appertain_v without_o other_o process_n wheresoever_o we_o know_v the_o right_a truth_n as_o judge_n neither_o may_v this_o be_v take_v to_o be_v mean_v of_o a_o imaginary_a presence_n of_o the_o king_n person_n in_o his_o court_n because_o he_o do_v immediate_o after_o in_o the_o same_o place_n several_o set_v forth_o by_o themselves_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o ordinary_a court_n but_o must_v necessary_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o jurisdiction_n remain_v in_o the_o king_n be_v royal_a person_n and_o that_o this_o than_o be_v no_o new-made_a law_n or_o first_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o norman_a conquest_n appear_v by_o a_o saxon_a law_n make_v by_o
to_o governor_n in_o dangerous_a and_o doubtful_a time_n ii_o reflection_n concern_v the_o original_a of_o government_n upon_o 1._o aristotle_n politic_n 2._o mr._n hobs's_fw-fr leviathan_n 3._o mr._n milton_n against_o salmasius_n 4._o h._n grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_n 5._o mr._n hunton_n treatise_n of_o monarchy_n or_o the_o anarchy_n of_o a_o limit_a or_o mix_v monarchy_n iii_o a_o succinct_a examination_n of_o the_o fundamental_o of_o monarchy_n both_o in_o this_o and_o other_o kingdom_n as_o well_o about_o the_o right_n of_o power_n in_o king_n as_o of_o the_o original_a and_o natural_a liberty_n of_o the_o people_n a_o question_n never_o yet_o dispute_v though_o most_o necessary_a in_o these_o time_n iv._o the_o power_n of_o king_n and_o in_o particular_a of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n v._o a_o advertisement_n to_o the_o juryman_n of_o england_n touch_v witch_n together_o with_o a_o difference_n between_o a_o english_a and_o hebrew_a witch_n vi_o patriarcha_fw-la or_o the_o natural_a power_n of_o king_n the_o argument_n a_o presentment_n of_o divers_a statute_n record_n and_o other_o precedent_n explain_v the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o parliament_n show_v i._o that_o the_o commons_o by_o their_o writ_n be_v only_o to_o perform_v and_o consent_v to_o the_o ordinance_n of_o parliament_n ii_o that_o the_o lord_n or_o common_a council_n by_o their_o writ_n be_v only_o to_o treat_v and_o give_v counsel_n in_o parliament_n iii_o that_o the_o king_n himself_o only_o ordain_v and_o make_v law_n and_o be_v supreme_a judge_n in_o parliament_n with_o the_o suffrage_n of_o hen._n de_fw-fr bracton_n jo._n britton_n tho._n egerton_n edw._n coke_n walter_n raleigh_n rob._n cotton_n hen._n spelman_n jo._n glanvil_n will._n lambard_n rich._n crompton_n william_n cambden_n and_o jo._n selden_n the_o freeholders_n grand_a inquest_n touch_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n every_o freeholder_n that_o have_v a_o voice_n in_o the_o election_n of_o knight_n citizens_z or_o burgess_n for_o the_o parliament_n aught_o to_o know_v with_o what_o power_n he_o trust_v those_o who_o he_o choose_v because_o such_o trust_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o a_o writ_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n be_v that_o which_o give_v authority_n and_o commission_n for_o the_o freeholders_n to_o make_v their_o election_n at_o the_o next_o county-court-day_n after_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o in_o the_o writ_n there_o be_v also_o express_v the_o duty_n and_o power_n of_o the_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n that_o be_v there_o elect_v the_o mean_n to_o know_v what_o trust_n or_o authority_n the_o country_n or_o freeholders_n confer_v or_o bestow_v by_o their_o election_n be_v in_o this_o as_o in_o other_o like_a case_n to_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o word_n of_o the_o commission_n or_o write_v itself_o thereby_o it_o may_v be_v see_v whether_o that_o which_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o do_v act_n be_v within_o the_o limit_v of_o their_o commission_n great_a or_o other_o trust_n than_o be_v comprise_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o writ_n the_o freeholders_n do_v not_o or_o can_v give_v if_o they_o obey_v the_o writ_n the_o writ_n be_v latin_a and_o not_o extant_a in_o english_a few_o freeholders_n understand_v it_o and_o few_o observe_v it_o i_o have_v render_v it_o in_o latin_a and_o english_a rex_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la salut_n '_o etc._n etc._n qvia_n de_fw-fr advisamento_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la concilii_fw-la nostri_fw-la pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la statum_fw-la &_o defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la anglicanae_n concernen_fw-ge '_o quoddam_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la apud_fw-la civitatem_fw-la nostram_fw-la west_n duodecimo_fw-la die_fw-la novembris_fw-la prox_n '_o futur_n '_o teneri_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la &_o ibid._n '_o come_v praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la &_o tract_n '_o tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la firmiter_fw-la injungentes_fw-la quod_fw-la facta_fw-la proclam_n '_o in_o prox_n '_o comitat_fw-la '_o tuo_fw-la post_fw-la receptionem_fw-la huius_fw-la brevis_fw-la nostri_fw-la tenend_n '_o die_v &_o loco_fw-la predict_v '_o duos_fw-la milit_fw-la '_o gladiis_fw-la cinct_n '_o magis_fw-la idoneos_fw-la &_o discretos_fw-la commit_v '_o praedicti_fw-la &_o the_o qualib_a '_o civitate_fw-la com'_v illius_fw-la duos_fw-la cives_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la burgo_n duos_fw-la burgenses_n de_fw-la discretior_fw-la '_o &_o magis_fw-la sufficientibus_fw-la libere_fw-la &_o indifferenter_fw-la per_fw-la illos_fw-la qui_fw-la proclam_fw-la '_o hujusmodi_fw-la interfuerint_fw-la juxta_fw-la formam_fw-la statutorum_fw-la inde_fw-la edit_n '_o &_o provis_fw-la '_o eligi_fw-la &_o nomina_fw-la corundum_fw-la milit_fw-la '_o civium_fw-la &_o burgensium_fw-la sic_fw-la electorum_fw-la in_o quibusdam_fw-la indentur_fw-la '_o inter_fw-la te_fw-la &_o illos_fw-la qui_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la election_n '_o interfuerint_fw-la inde_fw-la conficiend_n '_o sive_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la electi_fw-la praesentes_fw-la fuerint_fw-la vel_fw-la absentes_fw-la inseri_fw-la cósque_fw-la ad_fw-la dict'_fw-it diem_fw-la &_o locum_fw-la venire_fw-la fac_fw-la '_o ita_fw-la quod_fw-la iidem_fw-la milites_fw-la plenam_fw-la &_o sufficientem_fw-la potestatem_fw-la pro_fw-la se_fw-la &_o communitate_fw-la commit_v '_o praedicti_fw-la ac_fw-la dict'_fw-it cives_fw-la &_o burgenses_n pro_fw-la se_fw-la &_o communitat_fw-la '_o civitatum_fw-la &_o burgorum_n praedictorum_fw-la divisim_fw-la ab_fw-la ipsishabeant_fw-la ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o consentiendum_fw-la his_fw-la quae_fw-la tunc_fw-la ibid._n '_o de_fw-la communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la dicti_fw-la reg_fw-la nostri_fw-la favente_fw-la deo_fw-la contigerint_fw-la ordinari_fw-la super_fw-la negotiis_fw-la ante_fw-la dictis_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la pro_fw-la defectu_fw-la potestatis_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la seu_fw-la propter_fw-la improvidam_fw-la electionem_fw-la milit_fw-la '_o civium_fw-la aut_fw-la burgensium_fw-la praedictorum_fw-la dicta_fw-la negotia_fw-la infecta_fw-la non_fw-la remaneant_fw-la quovismodo_fw-la nolumus_fw-la autem_fw-la quod_fw-la tu_fw-la nec_fw-la aliquis_fw-la alius_fw-la vic'_fw-la dicti_fw-la reg_fw-la nostri_fw-la aliqualiter_fw-la sit_fw-la electus_fw-la et_fw-la electionem_fw-la illam_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la comitatu_fw-la factam_fw-la distincte_n &_o aperte_fw-la sub_fw-la sigillo_fw-la tuo_fw-la &_o sigillis_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la electioni_fw-la illi_fw-la interfuerint_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o cancellar_n '_o nostram_fw-la ad_fw-la dict'_fw-it diem_fw-la &_o locum_fw-la certifices_fw-la indilate_v remittens_fw-la nobis_fw-la alteram_fw-la partem_fw-la indenturarum_fw-la praedictarum_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la consut_n '_o una_fw-la cum_fw-la hoc_fw-la breve_fw-la testae_fw-la meipso_fw-la apud_fw-la westmon_n '_o the_o king_n to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o greeting_n whereas_o by_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o our_o council_n for_o certain_a difficult_a and_o urgent_a business_n concern_v we_o the_o state_n and_o defence_n of_o our_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o the_o english_a church_n we_o have_v ordain_v a_o certain_a parliament_n of_o we_o to_o be_v hold_v at_o our_o city_n of_o ______o the_fw-fr ______o day_n of_o ______o next_o ensue_v and_o there_o to_o have_v conference_n and_o to_o treat_v with_o the_o prelate_n great_a man_n and_o peer_n of_o our_o say_a kingdom_n we_o command_v and_o strait_o enjoin_v you_o that_o make_v proclamation_n at_o the_o next_o county-court_n after_o the_o receipt_n of_o this_o our_o writ_n to_o be_v hold_v the_o day_n and_o place_n aforesaid_a you_o cause_v two_o knight_n gird_v with_o sword_n the_o most_o fit_a and_o discreet_a of_o the_o county_n aforesaid_a and_o of_o every_o city_n of_o that_o county_n two_o citizen_n of_o every_o borough_n two_o burgess_n of_o the_o discreet_a and_o most_o sufficient_a to_o be_v free_o and_o indifferent_o choose_v by_o they_o who_o shall_v be_v present_a at_o such_o proclamation_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o statute_n in_o that_o case_n make_v and_o provide_v and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o say_a knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n so_o choose_v to_o be_v insert_v in_o certain_a indenture_n to_o be_v then_o make_v between_o you_o and_o those_o that_o shall_v be_v present_a at_o such_o election_n whether_o the_o party_n so_o elect_v be_v present_a or_o absent_a and_o shall_v make_v they_o to_o come_v at_o the_o say_a day_n and_o place_n so_o that_o the_o say_v knight_n for_o themselves_o and_o for_o the_o county_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o say_a citizen_n and_o burgess_n for_o themselves_o and_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a city_n and_o borough_n may_v have_v several_o from_o they_o full_a and_o sufficient_a power_n to_o perform_v and_o to_o consent_v to_o those_o thing_n which_o then_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o god_n shall_v there_o happen_v to_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o our_o say_a kingdom_n concern_v the_o business_n aforesaid_a so_o that_o the_o business_n may_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n remain_v undo_v for_o want_n of_o such_o power_n or_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o improvident_a election_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n but_o we_o will_v not_o in_o any_o
the_o king_n a_o subject_a council_n lose_v the_o name_n of_o counsel_n and_o become_v a_o command_n if_o it_o put_v a_o necessity_n upon_o the_o king_n to_o follow_v it_o such_o imperious_a counsel_n make_v those_o that_o be_v but_o counsellor_n in_o name_n to_o be_v king_n in_o fact_n and_o king_n themselves_o to_o be_v but_o subject_n we_o read_v in_o sir_n robert_n cotton_n that_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o first_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a king_n parliament_n stand_v in_o custom-grace_n fix_v to_o easter_n whitsuntide_n and_o christmas_n and_o that_o at_o the_o king_n court_n or_o palace_n parliament_n sit_v in_o the_o presence_n or_o privy_a chamber_n from_o whence_o he_o infer_v a_o improbability_n to_o believe_v the_o king_n exclude_v his_o own_o presence_n and_o unmannerly_a for_o guest_n to_o bar_v he_o their_o company_n who_o give_v they_o their_o entertainment_n and_o although_o now_o a-days_o the_o parliament_n sit_v not_o in_o the_o court_n where_o the_o king_n household_n remain_v yet_o still_o even_o to_o this_o day_n to_o show_v that_o parliament_n be_v the_o king_n guest_n the_o lord_n steward_n of_o the_o king_n household_n keep_v a_o stand_a table_n to_o entertain_v the_o peer_n during_o the_o sit_v of_o parliament_n and_o he_o alone_o or_o some_o from_o or_o under_o he_o as_o the_o treasurer_n or_o comptroller_n of_o the_o king_n household_n take_v the_o oath_n of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o parliament_n selden_n sir_n richard_n scroop_z steward_z of_o the_o household_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o lord_n sit_v in_o full_a parliament_n in_o the_o great_a chamber_n put_v j._n lord_n gomeniz_n and_o william_n weston_n to_o answer_v several_o to_o accusation_n bring_v against_o they_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o king_n presence_n in_o parliament_n appear_v by_o the_o desire_n of_o parliament_n themselves_o in_o 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of_o judge_n extraordinary_a be_v permit_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o king_n and_o in_o his_o absence_n to_o determine_v such_o matter_n as_o be_v proper_o bring_v before_o the_o king_n himself_o sit_v in_o person_n attend_v with_o his_o great_a council_n of_o prelate_n and_o peer_n and_o the_o ordinance_n that_o be_v make_v there_o receive_v their_o establishment_n either_o from_o the_o king_n presence_n in_o parliament_n where_o his_o chair_n of_o state_n be_v common_o place_v or_o at_o least_o from_o the_o confirmation_n of_o he_o who_o in_o all_o court_n and_o in_o all_o cause_n be_v supreme_a judge_n all_o judgement_n be_v by_o or_o under_o he_o it_o can_v be_v without_o much_o less_o against_o his_o approbation_n the_o king_n only_o and_o none_o but_o he_o if_o he_o be_v able_a shall_v judge_v all_o cause_n say_v bracton_n that_o ancient_a chief_a justice_n in_o hen._n 3._o time_n a_o ancient_a precedent_n i_o meet_v with_o cite_v by_o master_n selden_n of_o a_o judicious_a proceed_v in_o a_o criminal_a cause_n of_o the_o baron_n before_o the_o conquest_n wherein_o i_o observe_v the_o king_n will_n be_v that_o the_o lord_n shall_v be_v judge_n in_o the_o cause_n wherein_o himself_o be_v a_o party_n and_o he_o ratify_v their_o proceed_v the_o case_n be_v thus_o earl_n godwin_n have_v have_v a_o trial_n before_o the_o lord_n under_o king_n hardicanute_n touch_v the_o death_n of_o alfred_n son_n to_o king_n ethelbert_n and_o brother_n to_o he_o who_o be_v afterward_o edward_n the_o confessor_n have_v flee_v out_o of_o england_n and_o upon_o his_o return_n with_o hope_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n favour_n he_o solicit_v the_o lord_n to_o intercede_v for_o he_o with_o the_o king_n who_o consult_v together_o bring_v godwin_n with_o they_o before_o the_o king_n to_o obtain_v his_o grace_n and_o favour_n but_o the_o king_n present_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o behold_v he_o say_v thou_o traitor_n godwin_n i_o do_v appeal_v thou_o of_o the_o death_n of_o my_o brother_n alfred_n who_o thou_o have_v most_o traitorous_o slay_v then_o godwin_n excuse_v it_o answer_v my_o lord_n the_o king_n may_v it_o please_v your_o grace_n i_o neither_o betray_v nor_o kill_v your_o brother_n whereof_o i_o put_v myself_o upon_o the_o judgement_n of_o your_o court_n then_o the_o king_n say_v you_o noble_a lord_n earls_z and_o baron_n of_o the_o land_n who_o be_v my_o liege_n man_n now_o gather_v here_o together_o and_o have_v hear_v my_o appeal_n and_o godwin_n answer_n i_o will_v that_o in_o this_o appeal_n between_o we_o you_o decree_v right_a judgement_n and_o do_v true_a justice_n the_o earl_n and_o baron_n treat_v of_o this_o among_o themselves_o be_v of_o differ_v judgement_n some_o say_v that_o godwin_n be_v never_o bind_v to_o the_o king_n either_o by_o homage_n service_n or_o fealty_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v his_o traitor_n and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o slay_v alfred_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n other_o say_v that_o neither_o earl_n nor_o baron_n nor_o any_o other_o subject_a of_o the_o king_n can_v wage_v his_o war_n by_o law_n against_o the_o king_n in_o his_o appeal_n but_o must_v whole_o put_v himself_o into_o the_o king_n mercy_n and_o offer_v competent_a amends_o then_o leofric_n consul_n of_o chester_n a_o good_a man_n before_o god_n and_o the_o world_n say_v earl_n godwin_n next_o to_o the_o king_n be_v a_o man_n of_o the_o best_a parentage_n of_o all_o england_n and_o he_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o by_o his_o counsel_n alfred_n the_o king_n brother_n be_v slay_v therefore_o for_o my_o part_n i_o consider_v that_o he_o and_o his_o son_n and_o all_o we_o twelve_o earl_n who_o be_v his_o friend_n and_o kinsman_n do_v go_v humble_o before_o the_o king_n lade_v with_o so_o much_o gold_n and_o silver_n as_o each_o of_o we_o can_v carry_v in_o our_o arm_n offer_v he_o that_o for_o his_o offence_n and_o humble_o pray_v for_o pardon_n and_o he_o will_v pardon_v the_o earl_n and_o take_v his_o homage_n and_o fealty_n will_v restore_v he_o all_o his_o land_n all_o they_o in_o this_o form_n lade_n themselves_o with_o treasure_n and_o come_v to_o the_o king_n do_v show_v the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o their_o consideration_n to_o which_o the_o king_n not_o willing_a to_o contradict_v do_v ratify_v all_o that_o they_o have_v judge_v 23_o hen._n 2._o in_o lent_n there_o be_v a_o assembly_n of_o all_o the_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a baron_n at_o westminster_n selden_n for_o the_o determination_n of_o that_o great_a contention_n between_o alfonso_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n touch_v divers_a castle_n and_o territory_n in_o spain_n which_o be_v by_o comprise_v submit_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o king_n consult_v with_o his_o bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n determine_v it_o as_o he_o say_v himself_o in_o the_o first_o person_n in_o the_o exemplification_n of_o the_o judgement_n 2._o of_o king_n john_n also_o that_o great_a controversy_n touch_v the_o barony_n that_o william_n of_o mowbray_n claim_v against_o william_n of_o stutvil_n which_o have_v depend_v from_o the_o time_n of_o king_n hen._n 2._o be_v end_v by_o the_o council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o will_v of_o the_o king_n concilio_n regni_n &_o voluntate_fw-la regis_fw-la the_o lord_n in_o parliament_n adjudge_v william_n de_fw-fr weston_n to_o death_n for_o surrender_v barwick_n castle_n selden_n but_o for_o that_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v not_o inform_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o judgement_n the_o constable_n of_o the_o tower_n allen_n bruxal_n be_v command_v safe_o to_o keep_v the_o say_a william_n until_o he_o have_v other_o commandment_n from_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n 4_o ric._n 2._o also_o the_o lord_n adjudge_v john_n lord_n of_o gomentz_n for_o surrender_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o ardee_n selden_n and_o for_o
and_o florence_n becket_n shall_v sue_v no_o further_o in_o their_o cause_n against_o alice_n radley_n widow_n for_o land_n in_o wolwich_n and_o plumsted_n in_o kent_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v hear_v first_o before_o the_o council_n of_o edw._n 4._o after_o that_o before_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o request_n of_o that_o king_n hen._n 7._o and_o then_o last_o before_o the_o council_n of_o the_o say_a king_n 1_o h._n 7._o in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 3._o a_o order_n or_o provision_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n council_n and_o it_o be_v plead_v at_o the_o common_a law_n in_o bar_n to_o a_o writ_n of_o dower_n the_o plaintiff_n attorney_n can_v not_o deny_v it_o and_o thereupon_o the_o judgement_n be_v ideo_fw-la sine_fw-la die_fw-la it_o seem_v in_o those_o day_n a_o order_n of_o the_o king_n council_n be_v either_o parcel_n of_o the_o common_a law_n or_o above_o it_o also_o we_o may_v find_v the_o judge_n have_v have_v regard_n that_o before_o they_o will_v resolve_v or_o give_v judgement_n in_o new_a case_n they_o consult_v with_o the_o king_n be_v privy_a council_n in_o the_o case_n of_o adam_n brabson_n who_o be_v assault_v by_o r._n w._n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n at_o westminster_n the_o judge_n will_v have_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o king_n council_n for_o in_o a_o like_a case_n because_o r._n c._n do_v strike_v a_o juror_n at_o westminster_n which_o pass_v against_o one_o of_o his_o friend_n it_o be_v adjudge_v by_o all_o the_o council_n that_o his_o right_a hand_n shall_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o his_o land_n and_o good_n forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n green_n and_o thorp_n be_v send_v by_o the_o judge_n to_o the_o king_n council_n to_o demand_v of_o they_o whether_o by_o the_o stat._n of_o 14_o edw._n 3.16_o a_o word_n may_v be_v amend_v in_o a_o writ_n and_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o a_o word_n may_v be_v well_o amend_v although_o the_o stat._n speak_v but_o of_o a_o letter_n or_o syllable_n in_o the_o case_n of_o sir_n thomas_n ogthred_n who_o bring_v a_o formedon_n against_o a_o poor_a man_n and_o his_o wife_n they_o come_v and_o yield_v to_o the_o demandant_n which_o seem_v suspicious_a to_o the_o court_n whereupon_o judgement_n be_v stay_v and_o thorp_n say_v that_o in_o the_o like_a case_n of_o giles_n blacket_n it_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o parliament_n and_o we_o be_v command_v that_o when_o any_o like_a shall_v come_v we_o shall_v not_o go_v to_o judgement_n without_o good_a advice_n therefore_o the_o judge_n conclusion_n be_v sue_v au_o counsel_n &_o comment_v ill_n voilent_a que_fw-fr nous_fw-fr devomus_fw-la fair_a nous_fw-fr volume_n fair_a &_o autrement_fw-fr ment_fw-mi en_fw-fr cest_fw-fr case_n sue_v to_o the_o council_n and_o as_o they_o will_v have_v we_o to_o do_v we_o will_v do_v and_o otherwise_o not_o in_o this_o case_n 39_o edw._n 3._o thus_o we_o see_v the_o judge_n themselves_o be_v guide_v by_o the_o king_n council_n and_o yet_o the_o opinion_n of_o judge_n have_v guide_v the_o lord_n in_o parliament_n in_o point_n of_o law_n all_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n baron_n of_o exchequer_n of_o the_o quoif_n the_o king_n learned_a council_n and_o the_o civilian_n master_n of_o chancery_n be_v call_v temporal_a assistant_n by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n and_o though_o he_o deny_v they_o voice_n in_o parliament_n yet_o he_o confess_v that_o by_o their_o writ_n they_o have_v power_n both_o to_o treat_v and_o to_o give_v counsel_n i_o can_v find_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v any_o other_o power_n by_o their_o writ_n the_o word_n of_o the_o lord_n write_v be_v that_o you_o be_v present_a with_o we_o the_o prelate_n great_a man_n and_o peer_n to_o treat_v and_o give_v your_o counsel_n the_o word_n of_o the_o judge_n write_v be_v that_o you_o be_v present_a with_o we_o and_o other_o of_o the_o council_n and_o sometime_o with_o we_o only_o to_o treat_v and_o give_v your_o counsel_n the_o judge_n usual_o join_v in_o committee_n with_o the_o lord_n in_o all_o parliament_n even_o in_o queen_n eliz._n reign_n until_o her_o 39th_o year_n and_o then_o upon_o the_o seven_o of_o november_n the_o judge_n be_v appoint_v to_o attend_v the_o lord_n and_o whereas_o the_o judge_n have_v liberty_n in_o the_o upper_a house_n itself_o upon_o leave_n give_v they_o by_o the_o l._n keeper_n to_o cover_v themselves_o now_o at_o committee_n they_o sit_v always_o uncover_v the_o power_n of_o judge_n in_o parliament_n be_v best_a understand_v if_o we_o consider_v how_o the_o judicial_a power_n of_o peer_n have_v be_v exercise_v in_o matter_n of_o judicature_n we_o may_v find_v it_o have_v be_v the_o practice_n that_o though_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n give_v judgement_n in_o point_n of_o law_n yet_o they_o be_v to_o be_v direct_v and_o regulate_v by_o the_o king_n judge_n who_o be_v best_a able_a to_o give_v direction_n in_o the_o difficult_a point_n of_o the_o law_n which_o ordinary_o be_v unknown_a to_o the_o lord_n and_o therefore_o if_o any_o error_n be_v commit_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n which_o be_v the_o high_a ordinary_a court_n of_o common_a law_n in_o the_o kingdom_n that_o error_n must_v be_v redress_v in_o parliament_n and_o the_o manner_n be_v say_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n egerton_n if_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v sue_v in_o parl._n upon_o a_o judgement_n give_v by_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o high_a house_n alone_o without_o the_o commons_o be_v to_o examine_v the_o error_n the_o lord_n be_v to_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o for_o their_o judgement_n therein_o they_o be_v to_o be_v inform_v by_o the_o advice_n and_o council_n of_o the_o judge_n who_o be_v to_o inform_v they_o what_o the_o law_n be_v and_o to_o direct_v they_o in_o their_o judgement_n for_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o to_o follow_v their_o own_o discretion_n or_o opinion_n otherwise_o 28_o hen._n 6._o the_o commons_o make_v suit_n that_o w._n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pool_n d._n of_o suffolk_n shall_v be_v commit_v to_o prison_n for_o many_o treason_n and_o other_o crime_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o high_a house_n be_v doubtful_a what_o answer_v to_o give_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v demand_v their_o opinion_n be_v that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v commit_v for_o that_o the_o commons_o do_v not_o charge_v he_o with_o any_o particular_a offence_n but_o with_o general_a report_n and_o slander_n this_o opinion_n be_v allow_v 31_o hen._n 6._o a_o parliament_n be_v prorogue_v in_o the_o vacation_n the_o speaker_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v condemn_v in_o a_o thousand_o pound_n damage_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o commit_v to_o prison_n in_o execution_n for_o the_o same_o when_o the_o parliament_n be_v reassembled_a the_o commons_o make_v suit_n to_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n to_o have_v their_o speaker_n deliver_v the_o lord_n demand_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n whether_o he_o may_v be_v deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n by_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n upon_o the_o judge_n answer_v it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o speaker_n shall_v remain_v in_o prison_n according_a to_o the_o law_n notwithstanding_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o that_o he_o be_v speaker_n which_o resolution_n be_v declare_v to_o the_o commons_o by_o moyle_n the_o king_n sergeant_n at_o law_n and_o the_o commons_o be_v command_v in_o the_o king_n name_n by_o the_o bishop_n of_o lincoln_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n then_z chancellor_z to_o choose_v another_o speaker_n 7_o hen._n 8._o a_o question_n be_v move_v in_o parliament_n whether_o spiritual_a person_n may_v be_v convent_v before_o temporal_a judge_n for_o criminal_a cause_n there_o sir_n john_n fineux_n and_o the_o other_o judge_n deliver_v their_o opinion_n that_o they_o may_v and_o ought_v to_o be_v and_o their_o opinion_n allow_v and_o maintain_v by_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n and_o dr._n standish_n who_o before_o have_v hold_v the_o same_o opinion_n be_v deliver_v from_o the_o bishop_n i_o find_v it_o affirm_v that_o in_o cause_n which_o receive_v determination_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v no_o vote_n at_o all_o no_o more_o than_o in_o other_o court_n of_o ministerial_a jurisdiction_n true_a it_o be_v the_o king_n have_v no_o vote_n at_o all_o if_o we_o understand_v by_o vote_n a_o voice_n among_o other_o for_o he_o have_v no_o partner_n with_o he_o in_o give_v judgement_n but_o if_o by_o no_o vote_n be_v mean_v he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o judge_v we_o despoil_v he_o of_o his_o sovereignty_n it_o be_v the_o chief_a mark_n of_o supremacy_n to_o judge_v in_o the_o high_a cause_n and_o last_o appeal_n this_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n full_a well_o understand_v when_o they_o petition_v for_o a_o king_n
to_o king_n not_o only_o the_o example_n of_o such_o jurisdiction_n but_o the_o prerogative_n also_o of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n what_o need_v all_o this_o ado_n will_v some_o say_v to_o sift_v out_o what_o be_v comprise_v in_o the_o writ_n for_o the_o election_n of_o the_o commons_o to_o parliament_n since_o it_o be_v certain_a though_o the_o writ_n do_v not_o yet_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n give_v sufficient_a power_n for_o all_o proceed_n of_o the_o two_o house_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o what_o slight_a esteem_n soever_o be_v make_v of_o the_o writ_n yet_o in_o all_o other_o case_n the_o original_a writ_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o whole_a business_n or_o action_n and_o to_o vary_v in_o substance_n from_o the_o writ_n make_v a_o nullity_n in_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o and_o where_o a_o commissioner_n exercise_v more_o power_n than_o be_v warrant_v by_o his_o commission_n every_o such_o act_n be_v void_a and_o in_o many_o case_n punishable_a yet_o we_o will_v lay_v aside_o the_o writ_n and_o apply_v ourselves_o to_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n the_o task_n be_v the_o more_o difficult_a for_o that_o we_o be_v not_o tell_v what_o the_o number_n of_o privilege_n be_v or_o which_o they_o be_v some_o do_v think_v that_o as_o there_o be_v dormant_a article_n of_o faith_n in_o the_o roman_a church_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o declare_v so_o there_o be_v likewise_o privilege_n dormant_a in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o not_o yet_o reveal_v we_o must_v therefore_o be_v content_a in_o a_o generality_n to_o discourse_n of_o the_o quality_n or_o condition_n of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o to_o confine_v ourselves_o to_o these_o three_o point_n 1._o that_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n give_v no_o power_n but_o only_o help_v to_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o power_n give_v by_o the_o writ_n 2._o that_o the_o freeholders_n by_o their_o election_n give_v no_o privilege_n 3._o that_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n be_v the_o gift_n of_o the_o king_n first_o the_o end_n or_o scope_n of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o to_o give_v any_o power_n to_o do_v any_o public_a act_n not_o warrant_v by_o the_o writ_n but_o they_o be_v intend_v as_o help_n only_o to_o enable_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o duty_n enjoin_v and_o so_o be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o power_n comprise_v in_o the_o writ_n for_o instance_n the_o grand_a privilege_n of_o freedom_n from_o arrest_n do_v not_o give_v any_o power_n at_o all_o to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o to_o do_v any_o act_n but_o by_o take_v away_o from_o the_o freeholders_n and_o other_o subject_n the_o power_n of_o arrest_n the_o commons_o be_v the_o better_o enable_v to_o attend_v the_o service_n to_o which_o they_o be_v call_v by_o the_o king_n in_o many_o other_o case_n the_o servant_n or_o minister_n of_o the_o king_n be_v privilege_v and_o protect_v much_o in_o the_o same_o nature_n the_o servant_n in_o household_n to_o the_o king_n may_v not_o be_v arrest_v without_o special_a licence_n also_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o justice_n have_v a_o privilege_n not_o to_o be_v sue_v in_o any_o other_o court_n but_o where_o they_o serve_v and_o attend_v and_o to_o this_o purpose_n they_o be_v allow_v a_o writ_n of_o privilege_n likewise_o all_o such_o as_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n as_o be_v employ_v on_o foreign_a affair_n for_o he_o be_v protect_v from_o action_n and_o suit_n nay_o the_o king_n protection_n descend_v to_o the_o privilege_v even_o of_o laundress_n nurse_n and_o midwife_n if_o they_o attend_v upon_o the_o camp_n as_o sir_n edward_n coke_n say_v quia_fw-la lotrix_fw-la seu_fw-la nutrix_fw-la seu_fw-la obstetrix_fw-la beside_o the_o king_n protect_v his_o debtor_n from_o arrest_n of_o the_o subject_a till_o his_o own_o debt_n be_v pay_v these_o sort_n of_o protection_n be_v privilege_n the_o common_a law_n take_v notice_n of_o and_o allow_v and_o have_v several_a distinction_n of_o they_o and_o some_o be_v protection_n quia_fw-la profecturus_fw-la and_o other_o be_v quia_fw-la moraturus_fw-la some_o be_v with_o a_o clause_n of_o volumus_fw-la for_o stay_n of_o suit_n other_o with_o a_o clause_n of_o nolumus_fw-la for_o the_o safety_n of_o man_n person_n servant_n and_o good_n and_o the_o king_n writ_n do_v vary_v herein_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o business_n but_o none_o of_o these_o privilege_n or_o protection_n do_v give_v any_o power_n they_o be_v not_o positive_a but_o privative_a they_o take_v away_o and_o deprive_v the_o subject_a of_o the_o power_n or_o liberty_n to_o arrest_v or_o sue_v in_o some_o case_n only_o no_o protection_n or_o privilege_n do_v defend_v in_o point_n of_o treason_n felony_n or_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n privilege_n be_v direct_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n for_o otherwise_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v privilege_n and_o they_o be_v to_o be_v interpret_v in_o the_o strict_a manner_n as_o be_v odious_a and_o contrary_a to_o law_n we_o see_v the_o use_n of_o privilege_n they_o do_v but_o serve_v as_o a_o dispensation_n against_o law_n intend_v original_o and_o principal_o for_o the_o expedit_v of_o the_o king_n business_n though_o secondary_o and_o by_o accident_n there_o do_v sometime_o redound_v a_o benefit_n by_o they_o to_o the_o party_n themselves_o that_o be_v protect_v strict_o and_o proper_o every_o privilege_n must_v be_v against_o a_o public_a or_o common_a law_n for_o there_o be_v no_o use_n or_o need_v of_o a_o private_a law_n to_o protect_v where_o there_o be_v no_o public_a law_n to_o the_o contrary_a favour_n and_o grace_n which_o be_v only_o beside_o and_o not_o against_o the_o law_n do_v not_o proper_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o privilege_n though_o common_a use_n do_v not_o distinguish_v they_o i_o know_v no_o other_o privilege_n that_o can_v be_v true_o so_o call_v and_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o which_o be_v so_o vast_a and_o great_a as_o this_o privilege_n of_o their_o person_n servant_n and_o good_n this_o be_v indeed_o against_o the_o common_a law_n and_o do_v concern_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o if_o they_o must_v be_v bind_v by_o it_o touch_v this_o grand_a privilege_n of_o freedom_n from_o arrest_n i_o read_v that_o in_o the_o 33_o hen._n 8._o the_o commons_o do_v not_o proceed_v to_o the_o punishment_n of_o offender_n for_o the_o breach_n of_o it_o until_o the_o lord_n refer_v the_o punishment_n thereof_o to_o the_o low_a house_n the_o case_n be_v thus_o report_v george_n ferrer_n gentleman_n servant_z to_z the_o king_n and_o burgess_n for_o plymouth_n go_v to_o the_o parliament-house_n be_v arrest_v in_o london_n by_o process_n out_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n for_o debt_n wherein_o he_o have_v before_o be_v condemn_v as_o surety_n for_o one_o welden_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o one_o white_a which_o arrest_v signify_v to_o sir_n thomas_n moyl_n speaker_n and_o to_o the_o rest_n the_o sergeant_n call_v saint-john_n be_v send_v to_o the_o counter_a in_o breadstreet_n to_o demand_v ferrer_n the_o officer_n of_o the_o counter_n refuse_v to_o deliver_v he_o and_o give_v the_o sergeant_n such_o ill_a language_n that_o they_o fall_v to_o a_o affray_n the_o sheriff_n come_v take_v the_o officer_n part_n the_o sergeant_n return_v without_o the_o prisoner_n this_o be_v relate_v to_o the_o speaker_n and_o burgess_n they_o will_v sit_v no_o more_o without_o their_o burgess_n and_o rise_v repair_v to_o the_o upper_a house_n where_o the_o case_n be_v declare_v by_o the_o speaker_n before_o sir_n thomas_n audley_n chancellor_n and_o the_o lord_n and_o judge_n there_o assemble_v who_o judge_v the_o contempt_n to_o be_v very_o great_a refer_v the_o punishment_n thereof_o to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o itself_o this_o privilege_n of_o freedom_n from_o arrest_n be_v the_o only_a privilege_n which_o sir_n edward_n coke_n find_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o he_o can_v or_o at_o least_o he_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o name_v any_o other_o in_o his_o section_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n neither_o do_v he_o bring_v so_o much_o as_o one_o precedent_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o one_o privilege_n for_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o which_o may_v cause_v a_o doubt_n that_o this_o sole_a privilege_n be_v not_o so_o clear_a as_o many_o do_v imagine_v for_o in_o a_o parliament_n in_o the_o 27_o eliz._n richard_n coke_n a_o member_n be_v serve_v with_o a_o subpoena_n of_o chancery_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n think_v the_o house_n have_v no_o such_o privilege_n for_o subpoena_n as_o they_o pretend_v neither_o will_v he_o allow_v of_o any_o precedent_n of_o the_o house_n commit_v unto_o they_o former_o use_v in_o that_o behalf_n unless_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o can_v also_o prove_v the_o same_o to_o have_v
thereupon_o the_o house_n resolve_v to_o have_v no_o conference_n with_o the_o lord_n but_o to_o give_v their_o lordship_n most_o humble_a and_o dutiful_a thanks_o with_o all_o reverence_n for_o their_o favourable_a and_o courteous_a offer_n of_o conference_n and_o to_o signify_v that_o the_o commons_o can_v in_o those_o case_n of_o benevolence_n or_o contribution_n join_v in_o conference_n with_o their_o lordship_n without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o house_n and_o to_o request_v their_o lordship_n to_o hold_v the_o member_n of_o this_o house_n excuse_v in_o their_o not_o assent_v to_o their_o lordship_n say_v motion_n for_o conference_n for_o that_o so_o to_o have_v assent_v without_o a_o bill_n have_v be_v contrary_a to_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o this_o house_n and_o also_o contrary_a to_o the_o former_a precedent_n of_o the_o same_o house_n in_o like_a case_n have_v this_o answer_v deliver_v to_o the_o lord_n by_o the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o exchequer_n their_o lordship_n say_v they_o well_o hope_v to_o have_v have_v a_o conference_n according_a to_o their_o former_a request_n and_o desire_v to_o see_v those_o precedent_n by_o which_o the_o commons_o seem_v to_o refuse_v the_o say_a conference_n but_o in_o conclusion_n it_o be_v agree_v unto_o upon_o the_o motion_n of_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n who_o move_v that_o without_o name_v a_o subsidy_n it_o may_v be_v propound_v in_o general_a word_n to_o have_v a_o conference_n touch_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o necessary_a supply_n of_o treasure_n to_o be_v provide_v speedy_o for_o the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o necessity_n in_o the_o 43_o eliz._n sergeant_n heal_n say_v in_o parliament_n he_o marvail_v the_o house_n stand_v either_o at_o the_o grant_n of_o a_o subsidy_n or_o time_n of_o payment_n when_o all_o we_o have_v be_v her_o majesty_n and_o she_o may_v lawful_o at_o her_o pleasure_n take_v it_o from_o we_o and_o that_o she_o have_v as_o much_o right_n to_o all_o our_o land_n and_o good_n as_o to_o any_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o he_o say_v he_o can_v prove_v it_o by_o precedent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 3._o k._n john_n and_o k._n stephen_n the_o ground_n upon_o w_z ch_z this_o sergeant_n at_o law_n go_v may_v be_v think_v the_o same_o sir_n ed._n coke_n deliver_v in_o his_o institutes_n where_o he_o say_v the_o first_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o demesne_n and_o the_o great_a manor_n and_o royalty_n they_o reserve_v to_o themselves_o and_o of_o the_o remnant_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n enfeoff_v the_o baron_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o no_o man_n hold_v any_o land_n but_o under_o a_o condition_n to_o defend_v the_o realm_n and_o upon_o the_o selfsame_a ground_n also_o the_o king_n prerogative_n be_v raise_v as_o be_v a_o pre-eminence_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n above_o and_o before_o the_o law_n of_o property_n or_o inheritance_n certain_a it_o be_v before_o the_o commons_o be_v ever_o choose_v to_o come_v to_o parliament_n tax_n or_o subsidy_n be_v raise_v and_o pay_v without_o their_o gift_n the_o great_a and_o long_o continue_a subsidy_n of_o dane-gelt_a be_v without_o any_o gift_n of_o the_o commons_o or_o of_o any_o parliament_n at_o all_o that_o can_v be_v prove_v in_o the_o 8_o h._n 3._o a_o subsidy_n of_o 2_o mark_n in_o silver_n upon_o every_o knight_n see_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o noble_n without_o any_o commons_o at_o the_o pass_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o subsidy_n the_o word_n of_o the_o king_n be_v the_o king_n thank_v his_o loyal_a subject_n accept_v their_o good_a will_n and_o also_o will_v have_v it_o so_o le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr remercie_fw-fr ses_fw-fr loyaux_fw-fr subject_n accept_v leur_fw-fr benevolence_n &_o ausi_fw-la ainsi_fw-fr le_fw-fr veult_n which_o last_o word_n of_o ainsi_fw-fr le_fw-fr veult_n the_o king_n will_v it_o to_o be_v so_o be_v the_o only_a word_n that_o make_v the_o act_n of_o subsidy_n a_o law_n to_o bind_v every_o man_n to_o the_o payment_n of_o it_o in_o the_o 39_o eliz._n the_o commons_o by_o their_o speaker_n complain_v of_o monopoly_n the_o queen_n speak_v in_o private_a to_o the_o l._n keeper_n who_o then_o make_v answer_n touch_v monopoly_n that_o her_o majesty_n hope_v she_o dutiful_a and_o love_a subject_n will_v not_o take_v away_o her_o prerogative_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a flower_n in_o her_o garland_n and_o the_o principal_a and_o head_n pearl_n in_o her_o crown_n and_o diadem_n but_o that_o they_o will_v rather_o leave_v that_o to_o her_o disposition_n the_o second_o point_n be_v that_o the_o freeholders_n or_o county_n do_v not_o nor_o can_v give_v privilege_n to_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n they_o that_o be_v under_o the_o law_n can_v protect_v against_o it_o they_o have_v no_o such_o privilege_n themselves_o as_o to_o be_v free_a from_o arrest_n and_o action_n for_o if_o they_o 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prevail_v and_o obtain_v leave_v to_o choose_v among_o themselves_o magistrate_n call_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n who_o by_o their_o intercession_n may_v preserve_v the_o commons_o from_o be_v oppress_v and_o suffer_v wrong_n from_o the_o consul_n and_o it_o be_v further_o agree_v that_o the_o person_n of_o those_o tribune_n shall_v be_v sacred_a and_o not_o to_o be_v touch_v by_o any_o by_o mean_n of_o this_o immunity_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tribune_n from_o all_o arrest_n or_o other_o violence_n they_o grow_v in_o time_n by_o degree_n to_o such_o boldness_n that_o by_o stop_v the_o legal_a proceed_n of_o the_o consul_n when_o they_o please_v to_o intercede_v they_o raise_v such_o a_o anarchy_n ofttimes_o in_o government_n that_o they_o themselves_o may_v act_v and_o take_v upon_o they_o what_o power_n soever_o they_o please_v though_o it_o belong_v not_o to_o they_o this_o gallantry_n of_o the_o tribune_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o rome_n who_o be_v 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of_o natural_a freedom_n this_o the_o commons_o of_o rome_n right_o understand_v and_o therefore_o the_o transcendent_a power_n of_o the_o negative_a voice_n of_o any_o one_o tribune_n be_v able_a of_o itself_o to_o stay_v all_o the_o proceed_n not_o of_o the_o consul_n and_o senate_n only_o and_o other_o magistrate_n but_o also_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o fellow-tribune_n make_v they_o seem_v the_o powerful_a man_n in_o all_o rome_n and_o yet_o in_o truth_n they_o have_v no_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n at_o all_o nor_o be_v they_o any_o magistrate_n nor_o can_v they_o lawful_o call_v any_o man_n before_o they_o for_o they_o be_v not_o appoint_v for_o administration_n of_o justice_n but_o only_o to_o oppose_v the_o violence_n and_o abuse_v of_o magistrate_n by_o intercede_v for_o such_o as_o appeal_v be_v unjust_o oppress_v for_o which_o purpose_n at_o first_o they_o sit_v only_o without_o the_o door_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o come_v within_o the_o door_n this_o negative_a power_n of_o they_o be_v of_o force_n only_o to_o hinder_v but_o not_o to_o help_v the_o proceed_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n to_o govern_v and_o not_o to_o govern_v the_o people_n and_o though_o they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o make_v law_n yet_o they_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o propound_v law_n and_o flatter_v and_o humour_v the_o commons_o by_o the_o agrarian_a and_o frumentarian_a law_n by_o the_o first_o they_o divide_v the_o common_a field_n and_o conquer_a land_n among_o the_o common_a people_n and_o by_o the_o latter_a they_o afford_v they_o corn_n at_o a_o cheap_a or_o low_a price_n by_o these_o mean_v these_o demagogue_n or_o tribune_n of_o the_o commons_o lead_v the_o vulgar_a by_o the_o nose_n to_o allow_v whatsoever_o usurpation_n they_o please_v to_o make_v in_o government_n the_o royal_a power_n of_o the_o consul_n be_v never_o take_v away_o from_o they_o by_o any_o law_n that_o i_o hear_v of_o but_o continue_v in_o they_o all_o the_o time_n of_o their_o pretend_a popular_a government_n to_o the_o very_a last_o though_o repine_v at_o and_o oppose_v in_o some_o particular_n by_o the_o commons_o the_o nopower_n or_o negative_a power_n of_o the_o tribune_n do_v not_o long_o give_v content_a to_o the_o commons_o and_o therefore_o they_o desire_v that_o one_o of_o the_o consul_n may_v be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o commonalty_n the_o eager_a propound_v of_o this_o point_n for_o the_o commons_o and_o the_o diligent_a oppose_v of_o it_o by_o the_o nobility_n or_o senate_n argue_v how_o much_o both_o party_n regard_v the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o a_o consul_n the_o dispute_v last_v fourscore_o year_n within_o two_o the_o tribune_n press_v it_o upon_o all_o advantage_n of_o opportunity_n never_o give_v over_o till_o they_o carry_v it_o by_o strong_a hand_n or_o stubbornness_n hinder_v all_o election_n of_o the_o curule_n or_o great_a magistrate_n for_o five_o year_n together_o whereby_o the_o noble_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v the_o commons_o a_o consul_n place_n or_o else_o a_o anarchy_n be_v ready_a to_o destroy_v they_o all_o and_o yet_o the_o nobility_n have_v for_o a_o good_a while_n allow_v the_o commons_o military_a tribune_n with_o consular_a power_n which_o in_o effect_n or_o substance_n be_v all_o one_o with_o have_v one_o of_o the_o consul_n a_o commoner_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o bare_a name_n of_o a_o consul_n which_o the_o commons_o so_o long_o strive_v for_o with_o the_o nobility_n in_o this_o contention_n some_o year_n consul_n be_v choose_v some_o year_n military_a tribune_n in_o such_o confusion_n that_o the_o roman_a historian_n can_v agree_v among_o themselves_o what_o consul_n to_o assign_v or_o name_n for_o each_o year_n although_o they_o have_v capitoline_n table_n sicilian_n and_o greek_a register_n and_o calendar_n fragment_n of_o capitoline_n marble_n linen_n book_n or_o record_n to_o help_v they_o a_o good_a while_o the_o commons_o be_v content_a with_o the_o liberty_n of_o have_v one_o of_o the_o consul_n a_o commoner_n but_o about_o fourscore_o year_n after_o they_o enjoy_v this_o privilege_n a_o desire_n take_v they_o to_o have_v it_o enact_v that_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o commons_o call_v a_o plebiscitum_fw-la may_v be_v observe_v for_o a_o law_n hortensius_n the_o dictator_n yield_v to_o enact_v it_o thereby_o to_o bring_v back_o the_o seditious_a commons_o who_o depart_v to_o janiculum_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o tybur_n because_o they_o be_v deep_o engage_v in_o debt_n in_o regard_n of_o long_a sedition_n and_o dissension_n the_o eleven_o book_n of_o livy_n where_o this_o sedition_n be_v set_v down_o be_v lose_v we_o have_v only_o a_o touch_n of_o it_o in_o florus_n his_o epitome_n and_o saint_n augustine_n mention_n the_o plunder_v of_o many_o house_n by_o the_o commons_o at_o their_o depart_n this_o sedition_n be_v above_o 220_o year_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n in_o all_o which_o time_n the_o people_n of_o rome_n get_v the_o spoil_v of_o almost_o all_o italy_n and_o the_o wealth_n of_o very_a many_o rich_a city_n and_o yet_o the_o commons_o be_v in_o so_o great_a penury_n and_o overwhelm_v with_o debt_n that_o they_o fall_v to_o plunder_v the_o rich_a house_n of_o the_o citizen_n which_o sound_v not_o much_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o popular_a government_n this_o communicate_v of_o a_o legislative_a power_n to_o the_o commons_o touch_v power_n of_o enfranchise_v ally_n judgement_n penal_a and_o fine_n and_o those_o ordinance_n that_o concern_v the_o good_a of_o the_o commons_o call_v plebiscita_fw-la be_v a_o divide_v of_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o the_o give_v a_o share_n of_o it_o to_o other_o as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o consul_n and_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o destroy_v the_o legislative_a power_n for_o to_o have_v two_o supremes_n be_v to_o have_v none_o because_o the_o one_o may_v destroy_v the_o
which_o natural_a reason_n appoint_v all_o man_n to_o use_v be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n say_v theophilus_n in_o the_o text_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o the_o instit_n cap._n 1._o jus_fw-la naturae_fw-la be_v confound_v with_o jus_fw-la gentium_fw-la as_o the_o civilian_n sometime_o confound_v and_o sometime_o separate_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n so_o otherwhiles_a they_o make_v they_o also_o contrary_a one_o to_o the_o other_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n all_o man_n be_v bear_v free_a jure_fw-la naturali_fw-la omnes_fw-la liberi_fw-la nascuntur_fw-la but_o servitude_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la servitus_fw-la invasit_fw-la say_v ulpian_n and_o the_o civil_a law_n not_o only_o make_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o nation_n contrary_a but_o also_o will_v have_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n contrary_a to_o itself_o war_n say_v the_o law_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n exit_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la introducta_fw-la bella_fw-la and_o yet_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n say_v since_o nature_n have_v make_v we_o all_o of_o one_o kindred_n it_o follow_v it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o one_o man_n to_o lie_v in_o wait_n for_o another_o cum_fw-la inter_fw-la nos_fw-la cognitionem_fw-la quandam_fw-la natura_fw-la constituit_fw-la consequens_fw-la est_fw-la hominem_fw-la homini_fw-la insidiari_fw-la nefas_fw-la esse_fw-la say_v florentinus_n again_o the_o civil_a law_n teach_v that_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n proceed_v the_o conjunction_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n the_o procreation_n and_o education_n of_o child_n but_o as_o for_o religion_n to_o god_n and_o obedience_n to_o parent_n it_o make_v it_o to_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n to_o touch_v now_o the_o canon_n law_n we_o may_v find_v in_o one_o place_n that_o man_n be_v govern_v either_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o by_o custom_n homines_fw-la reguntur_fw-la naturali_fw-la 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great_a sound_n but_o edify_v not_o at_o all_o if_o they_o come_v under_o examination_n if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o time_n when_o all_o thing_n be_v common_a and_o all_o man_n equal_a and_o that_o it_o be_v otherwise_o now_o we_o must_v needs_o conclude_v that_o the_o law_n by_o which_o all_o thing_n be_v common_a and_o man_n equal_a be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n by_o which_o now_o thing_n be_v proper_a and_o man_n subject_a if_o we_o will_v allow_v adam_n to_o have_v be_v lord_n of_o the_o world_n and_o of_o his_o child_n there_o will_v need_v no_o such_o distinction_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o nation_n for_o the_o truth_n will_v be_v that_o whatsoever_o the_o heathen_n comprehend_v under_o these_o two_o law_n be_v comprise_v in_o the_o moral_a law_n that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o with_o the_o moral_a may_v appear_v by_o a_o definition_n give_v by_o grotius_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n say_v he_o be_v the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n show_v that_o in_o every_o action_n by_o the_o agree_n or_o disagree_v of_o it_o with_o natural_a reason_n there_o be_v a_o moral_a honesty_n or_o dishonesty_n and_o consequent_o that_o such_o a_o action_n be_v command_v or_o forbid_v by_o god_n the_o author_n of_o nature_n i_o can_v tell_v how_o grotius_n will_v otherwise_o have_v define_v the_o moral_a law_n and_o the_o canon_n law_n grant_v as_o much_o teach_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o law_n and_o the_o gospel_n whatsoever_o you_o will_v that_o man_n do_v etc._n etc._n mat._n 7._o the_o term_n of_o jus_fw-la naturae_fw-la be_v not_o original_o to_o be_v find_v in_o scripture_n for_o though_o t._n aquinas_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o prove_v out_o of_o the_o 2._o to_o the_o roman_n that_o there_o be_v a_o jus_fw-la naturae_fw-la yet_o st._n paul_n do_v not_o use_v those_o express_a term_n his_o word_n be_v the_o gentile_n which_o have_v not_o the_o law_n do_v by_o nature_n the_o thing_n contain_v in_o 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comprehend_v some_o principle_n of_o morality_n notorious_o know_v of_o themselves_o or_o at_o the_o most_o be_v extend_v to_o those_o thing_n which_o by_o necessary_a and_o evident_a inference_n be_v consequent_a to_o those_o principle_n beside_o these_o many_o other_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o well_o govern_v of_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o by_o humane_a reason_n something_o more_o in_o particular_a shall_v be_v determine_v concern_v those_o thing_n which_o can_v not_o be_v define_v by_o natural_a reason_n alone_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o humane_a law_n be_v necessary_a as_o comment_n upon_o the_o text_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n and_o of_o this_o judgement_n be_v aquinas_n who_o teach_v that_o necessitas_fw-la legis_fw-la humanae_fw-la manat_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la lex_fw-la naturalis_fw-la vel_fw-la divina_fw-la generalis_fw-la est_fw-la &_o solum_fw-la
complectitur_fw-la quaedam_fw-la principia_fw-la morum_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la nota_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la summum_fw-la extenditur_fw-la ad_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la necessaria_fw-la &_o evidenti_fw-la elatione_fw-la ex_fw-la illis_fw-la principiis_fw-la consequuntur_fw-la praeter_fw-la illa_fw-la verò_fw-la multa_fw-la alia_fw-la sunt_fw-la necessaria_fw-la in_o republica_fw-la ad_fw-la ejus_fw-la rectam_fw-la gubernationem_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la necessarium_fw-la fuit_fw-la ut_fw-la per_fw-la humanam_fw-la rationem_fw-la aliqua_fw-la magis_fw-la in_o particulari_fw-la determinarentur_fw-la circa_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la per_fw-la solam_fw-la rationem_fw-la naturalem_fw-la definiri_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la ludo._n molin_n de_fw-fr just._n thus_o much_o may_v suffice_v to_o show_v the_o distraction_n in_o and_o between_o the_o civil_a and_o common_a law_n about_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v how_o grotius_n distinguish_v these_o law_n to_o maintain_v the_o community_n of_o thing_n to_o be_v natural_a grotius_n have_v frame_v new_a division_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n first_o in_o his_o preface_n to_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_n &_o pacis_fw-la he_o produce_v a_o definition_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o such_o doubtful_a obscure_a and_o reserve_a term_n as_o if_o he_o be_v diffident_a of_o his_o undertake_n next_o in_o his_o first_o book_n and_o first_o chapter_n he_o give_v we_o another_o distribution_n which_o differ_v from_o his_o doctrine_n in_o his_o preface_n in_o his_o preface_n his_o principle_n be_v that_o the_o appetite_n of_o society_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o community_n be_v a_o action_n proper_a to_o man_n here_o he_o present_o correct_v himself_o with_o a_o exception_n that_o some_o other_o creature_n be_v find_v to_o desire_v society_n and_o withal_o he_o answer_v the_o objection_n thus_o that_o this_o desire_n of_o society_n in_o brute_n beast_n come_v from_o some_o external_a principle_n what_o he_o mean_v by_o principium_fw-la intelligens_fw-la extrinsecum_fw-la i_o understand_v not_o nor_o do_v he_o explain_v nor_o be_v it_o material_a nor_o be_v the_o argument_n he_o use_v to_o any_o purpose_n for_o admitting_z all_z he_o say_v to_o be_v true_a yet_o his_o principle_n fail_v for_o the_o question_n be_v not_o from_o what_o principle_n this_o desire_n of_o society_n proceed_v in_o beast_n but_o whether_o there_o be_v such_o a_o desire_n or_o no._n beside_o here_o he_o take_v the_o appetite_n of_o society_n and_o community_n to_o be_v all_o one_o whereas_o many_o live_v in_o society_n which_o live_v not_o in_o community_n next_o he_o teach_v that_o the_o keep_n of_o society_n custodia_fw-la societatis_fw-la which_o in_o a_o rude_a manner_n say_v he_o we_o have_v now_o express_v be_v the_o fountain_n of_o that_o law_n which_o be_v proper_o so_o call_v i_o conceive_v by_o the_o law_n proper_o so_o call_v he_o intend_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n though_o he_o express_v not_o so_o much_o and_o to_o this_o appetite_n of_o sociable_a community_n he_o refer_v alieni_fw-la abstinentia_fw-la but_o herein_o it_o may_v be_v he_o forget_v himself_o for_o where_o there_o be_v community_n there_o be_v neither_o meum_fw-la nor_o tuum_fw-la nor_o yet_o alienum_fw-la and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o alienum_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o alieni_fw-la abstinentia_fw-la to_o the_o same_o purpose_n he_o say_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n man_n must_v stand_v to_o bargain_n juris_fw-la naturae_fw-la sit_fw-la stare_v pactis_fw-la but_o if_o all_o thing_n be_v common_a by_o nature_n how_o can_v there_o be_v any_o bargain_n again_o grotius_n tell_v we_o that_o from_o this_o signification_n of_o the_o law_n there_o have_v flow_v another_o large_a which_o consist_v say_v he_o in_o discern_v what_o delight_v we_o or_o hurt_v we_o and_o in_o judge_v how_o thing_n shall_v be_v wise_o distribute_v to_o each_o one_o this_o latter_a he_o 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he_o omit_v those_o subtlety_n of_o jus_fw-la naturae_fw-la propriè_fw-la dictum_fw-la and_o quod_fw-la laxius_fw-la ita_fw-la dicitur_fw-la which_o we_o find_v in_o his_o preface_n and_o give_v such_o a_o plain_a definition_n as_o may_v fit_o agree_v to_o the_o moral_a law_n by_o this_o it_o seem_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o moral_a law_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o whereas_o he_o affirm_v that_o the_o action_n about_o which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v conversant_a be_v lawful_a or_o unlawful_a of_o themselves_o and_o therefore_o be_v necessary_o command_v or_o forbid_v by_o god_n by_o which_o mark_n this_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v not_o only_o differ_v from_o humane_a law_n but_o from_o the_o divine_a voluntary_a law_n which_o do_v not_o command_n or_o forbid_v those_o thing_n which_o of_o themselves_o and_o by_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v lawful_a or_o unlawful_a but_o make_v they_o unlawful_a by_o forbid_v they_o and_o due_a by_o command_v they_o in_o this_o he_o 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his_o title_n to_o a_o propriety_n of_o all_o thing_n but_o a_o enlargement_n only_o of_o his_o commons_o but_o whether_o with_o grotius_n community_n come_v in_o at_o the_o creation_n or_o with_o mr._n selden_n at_o the_o flood_n they_o both_o agree_v it_o do_v not_o long_o continue_v sed_fw-la very_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la simile_n hujusmodi_fw-la communionem_fw-la diu_fw-la obtinuisse_fw-la be_v the_o confession_n of_o mr._n selden_n it_o seem_v strange_a that_o grotius_n shall_v maintain_v that_o community_n of_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n of_o which_o god_n be_v the_o author_n and_o yet_o such_o community_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o continue_v do_v it_o not_o derogate_v from_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n almighty_n to_o ordain_v a_o community_n which_o
can_v not_o continue_v or_o do_v it_o make_v the_o act_n of_o our_o forefather_n in_o abrogate_a the_o natural_a law_n of_o community_n by_o introduce_v that_o of_o propriety_n to_o be_v a_o sin_n of_o a_o high_a presumption_n the_o prime_a duty_n of_o the_o second_o table_n be_v conversant_a about_o the_o right_n of_o propriety_n but_o if_o propriety_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o a_o humane_a law_n as_o grotius_n teach_v than_o the_o moral_a law_n depend_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o man_n there_o can_v be_v no_o law_n against_o adultery_n or_o theft_n if_o woman_n and_o all_o thing_n be_v common_a mr._n selden_n say_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o of_o god_n nec_fw-la vetuit_fw-la nec_fw-la jubebat_fw-la sed_fw-la permisit_fw-la utrumque_fw-la tam_fw-la nempe_fw-la rerum_fw-la communionem_fw-la quam_fw-la privatum_fw-la dominium_fw-la and_o yet_o for_o propriety_n which_o he_o term_v primaeva_fw-la rerum_fw-la dominia_fw-la he_o teach_v that_o adam_n receive_v it_o from_o god_n à _fw-la numine_fw-la acceperat_fw-la and_o for_o community_n he_o say_v we_o meet_v with_o evident_a footstep_n of_o the_o community_n of_o thing_n in_o that_o donation_n of_o god_n by_o which_o noah_n and_o his_o three_o son_n be_v make_v domini_fw-la pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la rerum_fw-la omnium_fw-la thus_o he_o make_v the_o private_a dominion_n of_o adam_n as_o well_o as_o the_o common_a dominion_n of_o noah_n and_o his_o son_n to_o be_v both_o by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n nor_o do_v he_o show_v how_o noah_n or_o his_o son_n or_o their_o posterity_n have_v any_o authority_n to_o alter_v the_o law_n of_o community_n which_o be_v give_v they_o by_o god_n in_o distribute_v territory_n mr._n selden_n say_v the_o consent_n as_o it_o be_v of_o mankind_n pass_v their_o promise_n which_o shall_v also_o bind_v their_o posterity_n do_v intervene_v so_o that_o man_n depart_v from_o their_o common_a right_n of_o communion_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v so_o distribute_v to_o particular_a 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by_o mr._n selden_n acknowledgement_n have_v obtain_v reputation_n every_o where_o seem_v most_o reasonable_a in_o that_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o noah_n himself_o as_o lord_n of_o all_o be_v author_n of_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o world_n and_o of_o private_a dominion_n and_o that_o by_o the_o appointment_n of_o a_o oracle_n from_o god_n he_o do_v confirm_v this_o distribution_n by_o his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n which_o at_o his_o death_n he_o leave_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o elder_a son_n sem_fw-mi and_o also_o warn_v all_o his_o son_n that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v invade_v any_o of_o their_o brother_n dominion_n or_o injure_v one_o another_o because_o from_o thence_o discord_n and_o civil_a war_n will_v necessary_o follow_v many_o conclusion_n in_o grotius_n his_o book_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_n &_o pacis_fw-la be_v build_v upon_o the_o foundation_n of_o these_o two_o principle_n 1._o the_o first_o be_v that_o communis_fw-la rerum_fw-la usus_fw-la naturalis_fw-la fuit_fw-la 2._o the_o second_o be_v that_o dominium_fw-la quale_fw-la nunc_fw-la in_o usu_fw-la est_fw-la voluntas_fw-la humana_fw-la introduxit_fw-la upon_o these_o two_o proposition_n of_o natural_a community_n and_o voluntary_a propriety_n depend_v divers_a dangerous_a and_o seditious_a conclusion_n which_o be_v disperse_v in_o several_a place_n in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n the_o title_n of_o which_o chapter_n be_v of_o the_o war_n of_o subject_n against_o superior_n grotius_n handle_v the_o question_n whether_o the_o law_n of_o not_o resist_v superior_n do_v bind_v we_o in_o most_o grievous_a and_o most_o certain_a danger_n and_o his_o determination_n be_v that_o this_o law_n of_o not_o resist_v superior_n seem_v to_o depend_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o those_o man_n who_o at_o first_o join_v themselves_o in_o a_o civil_a society_n from_o who_o the_o right_a of_o government_n do_v come_v to_o they_o that_o govern_v if_o those_o have_v be_v at_o first_o ask_v if_o their_o will_n be_v to_o impose_v this_o burden_n upon_o all_o that_o they_o shall_v choose_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o in_o any_o case_n by_o arm_n to_o repel_v the_o force_n of_o superior_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o they_o will_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v their_o will_n unless_o perhaps_o with_o this_o addition_n if_o resistance_n can_v be_v make_v but_o with_o the_o great_a disturbance_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o destruction_n of_o many_o innocent_n here_o we_o have_v his_o resolution_n that_o in_o great_a and_o certain_a danger_n man_n may_v resist_v their_o governor_n if_o it_o may_v be_v without_o disturbance_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n if_o you_o will_v know_v who_o shall_v be_v judge_n of_o the_o greatness_n and_o certainty_n of_o the_o danger_n or_o how_o we_o may_v know_v it_o grotius_n have_v not_o one_o word_n of_o it_o so_o that_o for_o aught_o appear_v to_o the_o contrary_a his_o mind_n may_v be_v that_o every_o private_a man_n may_v be_v judge_n of_o the_o danger_n for_o other_o judge_n he_o appoint_v none_o it_o have_v be_v a_o foul_a fault_n in_o so_o desperate_a a_o piece_n of_o service_n as_o the_o resist_n of_o superior_n to_o have_v conceal_v the_o lawful_a mean_n by_o which_o we_o may_v judge_v of_o the_o greatness_n or_o certainty_n of_o public_a danger_n before_o we_o lift_v up_o our_o hand_n against_o authority_n consider_v how_o prone_a most_o of_o we_o be_v to_o censure_v and_o mistake_v those_o thing_n for_o great_a and_o certain_a danger_n which_o in_o truth_n many_o time_n be_v no_o danger_n at_o all_o or_o at_o the_o most_o but_o very_o small_a one_o and_o so_o flatter_v ourselves_o that_o by_o resist_v our_o superior_n we_o may_v do_v our_o country_n laudable_a service_n without_o disturbance_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n since_o the_o effect_n of_o sedition_n can_v be_v certain_o judge_v of_o but_o by_o the_o event_n only_o grotius_n proceed_v to_o answer_v a_o objection_n against_o this_o doctrine_n of_o resist_v superior_n if_o say_v he_o any_o man_n shall_v say_v that_o this_o rigid_a doctrine_n of_o die_v rather_o than_o resist_v any_o injury_n of_o superior_n be_v no_o humane_a but_o a_o divine_a law_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o man_n at_o first_o not_o by_o any_o precept_n of_o god_n but_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n lead_v by_o experience_n of_o the_o infirmity_n of_o separate_a family_n against_o violence_n do_v meet_v together_o in_o civil_a society_n from_o whence_o civil_a power_n take_v beginning_n which_o therefore_o st._n peter_n call_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n although_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v call_v a_o divine_a ordinance_n because_o god_n approve_v the_o wholesome_a institution_n of_o man_n god_n in_o approve_v a_o humane_a law_n be_v to_o be_v think_v to_o approve_v it_o as_o humane_a and_o in_o a_o humane_a manner_n and_o again_o in_o another_o place_n he_o go_v further_a and_o teach_v we_o that_o if_o the_o question_n happen_v to_o be_v concern_v the_o primitive_a will_n of_o the_o people_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o for_o the_o people_n that_o now_o be_v and_o which_o be_v account_v the_o same_o with_o they_o that_o be_v long_o ago_o to_o express_v their_o meaning_n in_o this_o matter_n which_o be_v to_o be_v follow_v unless_o it_o certain_o appear_v that_o the_o people_n long_o ago_o will_v otherwise_o lib._n 2._o cap._n 2._o for_o full_a explication_n of_o his_o judgement_n about_o resist_a superior_n he_o conclude_v thus_o the_o great_a the_o thing_n be_v which_o be_v to_o be_v preserve_v the_o great_a be_v the_o equity_n which_o reach_v forth_o a_o exception_n against_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o i_o dare_v not_o say_v grotius_n without_o difference_n condemn_v either_o simple_a man_n or_o a_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o people_n who_o in_o the_o last_o refuge_n of_o necessity_n do_v so_o use_v this_o equity_n as_o that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o do_v not_o forsake_v the_o respect_n of_o the_o
be_v that_o the_o government_n or_o the_o govern_v may_v be_v divide_v a_o example_n he_o give_v of_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o east_n and_o west_n but_o whereas_o he_o say_v fieri_fw-la potest_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o may_v be_v the_o people_n choose_v a_o king_n may_v reserve_v some_o action_n to_o themselves_o and_o in_o other_o they_o may_v give_v full_a power_n to_o the_o king_n the_o example_n he_o bring_v out_o of_o plato_n of_o the_o heraclide_n do_v not_o prove_v it_o and_o it_o be_v to_o dream_v of_o such_o a_o form_n of_o government_n as_o never_o yet_o have_v name_n nor_o be_v ever_o find_v in_o any_o settle_a kingdom_n nor_o can_v possible_o be_v without_o strange_a confusion_n if_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o voluntary_a and_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o man_n when_o they_o be_v free_a to_o put_v themselves_o under_o subjection_n why_o may_v they_o not_o as_o voluntary_o leave_v subjection_n when_o they_o please_v and_o be_v free_a again_o if_o they_o have_v a_o liberty_n to_o change_v their_o natural_a freedom_n into_o a_o voluntary_a subjection_n there_o be_v strong_a reason_n that_o they_o may_v change_v their_o voluntary_a subjection_n into_o natural_a freedom_n since_o it_o be_v as_o lawful_a for_o man_n to_o alter_v their_o will_n as_o their_o judgement_n certain_o it_o be_v a_o rare_a felicity_n that_o all_o the_o man_n in_o the_o world_n at_o one_o instant_a of_o time_n shall_v agree_v together_o in_o one_o mind_n to_o change_v the_o natural_a community_n of_o all_o thing_n into_o private_a dominion_n for_o without_o such_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o community_n to_o be_v alter_v for_o if_o but_o one_o man_n in_o the_o world_n have_v dissent_v the_o alteration_n have_v be_v unjust_a because_o that_o man_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n have_v a_o right_n to_o the_o common_a use_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n so_o that_o to_o have_v give_v a_o propriety_n of_o any_o one_o thing_n to_o any_o other_o have_v be_v to_o have_v rob_v he_o of_o his_o right_n to_o the_o common_a use_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o of_o this_o judgement_n the_o jesuit_n lud._n molina_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr justitia_fw-la where_o he_o say_v si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la de_fw-la cohabitantibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o one_o of_o the_o neighbour_n will_v not_o give_v his_o consent_n to_o it_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v have_v no_o authority_n over_o he_o because_o then_o every_o other_o man_n have_v no_o right_a or_o authority_n over_o he_o and_o therefore_o can_v they_o not_o give_v authority_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n over_o he_o if_o our_o first_o parent_n or_o some_o other_o of_o our_o forefather_n do_v voluntary_o bring_v in_o propriety_n of_o good_n and_o subjection_n to_o governor_n and_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n either_o to_o bring_v they_o in_o or_o not_o or_o have_v bring_v they_o in_o to_o alter_v their_o mind_n and_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o first_o condition_n of_o community_n and_o liberty_n what_o reason_n can_v there_o be_v allege_v that_o man_n that_o now_o live_v shall_v not_o have_v the_o same_o power_n so_o that_o if_o any_o one_o man_n in_o the_o world_n be_v he_o never_o so_o mean_a or_o base_a will_v but_o alter_v his_o will_n and_o say_v he_o will_v resume_v his_o natural_a right_n to_o community_n and_o be_v restore_v unto_o his_o natural_a liberty_n and_o consequent_o take_v what_o he_o please_v and_o do_v what_o he_o list_v who_o can_v say_v that_o such_o a_o man_n do_v more_o than_o by_o right_o he_o may_v and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v lawful_a for_o every_o man_n when_o he_o please_v to_o dissolve_v all_o government_n and_o destroy_v all_o property_n whereas_o grotius_n say_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n all_o thing_n be_v at_o first_o common_a and_o yet_o teach_v that_o after_o propriety_n be_v bring_v in_o it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o use_v community_n he_o do_v thereby_o not_o only_o make_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n changeable_a which_o he_o say_v god_fw-we can_v do_v but_o he_o also_o make_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n contrary_n to_o itself_o observation_n upon_o mr._n hvnton_n treatise_n of_o monarchy_n or_o the_o anarchy_n of_o a_o limit_a or_o mix_v monarchy_n these_o observation_n on_o the_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n write_v by_o mr._n hunton_n be_v of_o like_a argument_n with_o the_o former_a be_v here_o annex_v with_o this_o advertisement_n that_o the_o treatise_n itself_o consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o first_o concern_v monarchy_n in_o general_a the_o latter_a concern_v this_o particular_a monarchy_n and_o be_v second_v with_o a_o vindication_n which_o allege_v new_a matter_n about_o the_o nature_n kind_n cause_n and_o mean_n of_o limitation_n in_o government_n intimate_v a_o mistrust_n that_o the_o treatise_n have_v not_o full_o or_o sufficient_o discover_v these_o point_n these_o observation_n reach_v only_o to_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o treatise_n concern_v monarchy_n in_o general_n whether_o it_o can_v possible_o be_v limit_v or_o mix_v if_o this_o be_v not_o make_v good_a it_o be_v but_o vain_a labour_n to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o dispute_n about_o the_o nature_n kind_n and_o cause_n of_o that_o which_o be_v not_o nor_o can_v at_o all_o be_v or_o to_o handle_v the_o hypothesis_n about_o this_o particular_a monarchy_n for_o which_o the_o prime_a and_o chief_a argument_n be_v of_o no_o great_a antiquity_n than_o some_o concession_n since_o these_o present_a trouble_n the_o ancient_a doctrine_n of_o government_n in_o these_o late_a day_n have_v be_v strange_o refine_v by_o the_o romanist_n and_o wonderful_o improve_v since_o the_o reformation_n especial_o in_o point_n of_o monarchy_n by_o a_o opinion_n that_o the_o people_n have_v original_o a_o power_n to_o create_v several_a sort_n of_o monarchy_n and_o to_o limit_v and_o compound_v they_o at_o their_o pleasure_n the_o consideration_n hereof_o cause_v i_o to_o scruple_n the_o modern_a piece_n of_o politic_n touch_v limit_v and_o mix_v monarchy_n and_o find_v it_o only_o present_v we_o by_o this_o author_n i_o have_v draw_v these_o few_o observation_n upon_o the_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o his_o treatise_n desire_v to_o receive_v satisfaction_n from_o the_o author_n or_o any_o other_o for_o he_o the_o novelty_n of_o this_o point_n challenge_v a_o modest_a debate_n the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o treatise_n acknowledge_v that_o not_o only_a monarchy_n but_o also_o aristocracy_n and_o democracy_n may_v be_v either_o simple_a or_o mix_v of_o two_o or_o all_o three_o together_o though_o it_o do_v not_o determine_v whether_o they_o can_v be_v absolute_a or_o limit_v the_o preface_n we_o do_v but_o flatter_v ourselves_o if_o we_o hope_v ever_o to_o be_v govern_v without_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n no_o we_o mistake_v the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n but_o the_o only_a point_n be_v who_o shall_v have_v that_o arbitrary_a power_n whether_o one_o man_n or_o many_o there_o never_o be_v nor_o ever_o can_v be_v any_o people_n govern_v without_o a_o power_n of_o make_v law_n and_o every_o power_n of_o make_v law_n must_v be_v arbitrary_a for_o to_o make_v a_o law_n according_a to_o law_n be_v contradictio_fw-la in_o adjecto_fw-la it_o be_v general_o confess_v that_o in_o a_o democracy_n the_o supreme_a or_o arbitrary_a power_n of_o make_v law_n be_v in_o a_o multitude_n and_o so_o in_o a_o aristocracy_n the_o like_a legislative_a or_o arbitrary_a power_n be_v in_o a_o few_o or_o in_o the_o nobility_n and_o therefore_o by_o a_o necessary_a consequence_n in_o a_o monarchy_n the_o same_o legislative_a power_n must_v be_v in_o one_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o aristotle_n who_o say_v government_n be_v in_o one_o or_o in_o a_o few_o or_o in_o many_o this_o ancient_a doctrine_n of_o government_n in_o these_o latter_a day_n have_v be_v strange_o refine_v by_o the_o romanist_n and_o wonderful_o improve_v since_o the_o reformation_n especial_o in_o point_n of_o monarchy_n by_o a_o opinion_n that_o the_o people_n have_v original_o a_o power_n to_o create_v several_a sort_n of_o monarchy_n to_o limit_v and_o compound_v they_o with_o other_o form_n of_o government_n at_o their_o pleasure_n as_o for_o this_o natural_a power_n of_o the_o people_n they_o find_v neither_o scripture_n reason_n or_o practise_v to_o justify_v it_o for_o though_o several_a kingdom_n have_v several_a and_o distinct_a law_n one_o from_o another_o yet_o that_o do_v not_o make_v several_a sort_n of_o monarchy_n nor_o do_v the_o difference_n of_o obtain_v the_o supreme_a power_n whether_o by_o conquest_n election_n succession_n or_o by_o any_o other_o way_n make_v different_a sort_n of_o government_n it_o be_v the_o difference_n only_o of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o law_n and_o not_o of_o the_o law_n
somewhere_o to_o judge_v according_a to_o law_n law_n be_v vain_a it_o be_v soon_o therefore_o provide_v that_o law_n according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n shall_v be_v ratify_v by_o common_a consent_n when_o it_o afterward_o appear_v that_o man_n be_v yet_o subject_a to_o unnatural_a destruction_n by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o entrust_v magistrate_n a_o mischief_n almost_o as_o fatal_a as_o to_o be_v without_o all_o magistracy_n how_o to_o provide_v a_o wholesome_a remedy_n therefore_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o be_v invent_v it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o invent_v law_n for_o the_o limit_v of_o supreme_a governor_n but_o to_o invent_v how_o those_o law_n shall_v be_v execute_v or_o by_o who_o interpret_v be_v almost_o impossible_a nam_fw-la quis_fw-la custodiet_fw-la ipsos_fw-la custodes_fw-la to_o place_v a_o superior_a above_o a_o supreme_a be_v hold_v unnatural_a yet_o what_o a_o lifeless_a thing_n will_v law_n be_v without_o any_o judge_n to_o determine_v and_o force_v it_o if_o it_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o limit_n shall_v be_v prefix_v to_o prince_n and_o judge_n to_o decree_v according_a to_o those_o limit_n yet_o another_o inconvenience_n will_v present_o affront_v we_o for_o we_o can_v restrain_v prince_n too_o far_o but_o we_o shall_v disable_v they_o from_o some_o good_a long_o it_o be_v ere_o the_o world_n can_v extricate_v itself_o out_o of_o all_o these_o extremity_n or_o find_v out_o a_o orderly_a mean_n whereby_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o unbounded_a prerogative_n on_o this_o hand_n and_o of_o excessive_a liberty_n on_o the_o other_o and_o scarce_o have_v long_a experience_n yet_o full_o satisfy_v the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n in_o it_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n when_o man_n be_v not_o so_o artificial_a and_o obdurate_a in_o cruelty_n and_o oppression_n as_o now_o and_o policy_n most_o rude_a most_o nation_n do_v choose_v rather_o to_o subject_v themselves_o to_o the_o mere_a discretion_n of_o their_o lord_n than_o rely_v upon_o any_o limit_n and_o so_o be_v rule_v by_o arbitrary_a edict_n than_o write_v statute_n but_o since_o tyranny_n be_v more_o exquisite_a and_o policy_n more_o perfect_a especial_o where_o learning_n and_o religion_n flourish_v few_o nation_n will_v endure_v the_o thraldom_n which_o usual_o accompany_v unbounded_a and_o unconditionate_n royalty_n yet_o long_o it_o be_v ere_o the_o bound_n and_o condition_n of_o supreme_a lord_n be_v so_o wise_o determine_v or_o quiet_o conserve_v as_o now_o they_o be_v for_o at_o first_o when_o as_o ephori_fw-la tribuni_fw-la curatores_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v erect_v to_o poise_v against_o the_o scale_n of_o sovereignty_n much_o blood_n be_v shed_v about_o they_o and_o state_n be_v put_v into_o new_a broil_n by_o they_o and_o in_o some_o place_n the_o remedy_n prove_v worse_a than_o the_o disease_n in_o all_o great_a distress_n the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n be_v ever_o constrain_v to_o rise_v and_o by_o force_n of_o the_o major_a party_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o intestine_a strife_n and_o make_v a_o redress_n of_o all_o public_a grievance_n but_o many_o time_n calamity_n grow_v to_o a_o strange_a height_n before_o so_o cumbersome_a a_o body_n can_v be_v raise_v and_o when_o it_o be_v raise_v the_o motion_n of_o it_o be_v so_o distract_v and_o irregular_a that_o after_o much_o spoil_n and_o effusion_n of_o blood_n sometime_o only_o one_o tyranny_n be_v exchange_v for_o another_o till_o some_o be_v invent_v to_o regulate_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o people_n moliminous_a body_n i_o think_v arbitrary_a rule_n be_v most_o safe_a for_o the_o world_n but_o now_o since_o most_o country_n have_v find_v a_o art_n and_o peaceable_a order_n for_o public_a assembly_n whereby_o the_o people_n may_v assume_v its_o own_o power_n to_o do_v itself_o right_a without_o disturbance_n to_o itself_o or_o injury_n to_o prince_n he_o be_v very_o unjust_a that_o will_v oppose_v this_o art_n or_o order_n that_o prince_n may_v not_o be_v now_o beyond_o all_o limit_n and_o law_n nor_o yet_o be_v tie_v upon_o those_o limit_n by_o any_o private_a party_n the_o whole_a community_n in_o its_o underive_v majesty_n shall_v convene_v to_o do_v justice_n and_o that_o the_o convention_n may_v not_o be_v without_o intelligence_n certain_a time_n and_o place_n and_o form_n shall_v be_v appoint_v for_o its_o reglement_n and_o that_o the_o vastness_n of_o its_o own_o bulk_n may_v not_o breed_v confusion_n by_o virtue_n of_o election_n and_o representation_n a_o few_o shall_v act_v for_o many_o the_o wise_a shall_v consent_v for_o the_o simple_a the_o virtue_n of_o all_o shall_v redound_v to_o some_o and_o the_o prudence_n of_o some_o shall_v redound_v to_o all_o and_o sure_o as_o this_o admirably-composed_n court_n which_o be_v now_o call_v a_o parliament_n be_v more_o regular_o and_o orderly_o form_v than_o when_o it_o be_v call_v much_o synod_n of_o wittenagemot_n or_o when_o this_o real_a body_n of_o the_o people_n do_v throng_v together_o at_o it_o so_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o perhaps_o without_o some_o defect_n which_o by_o art_n &_o policy_n may_v receive_v far_a amendment_n some_o division_n have_v spring_v up_o of_o late_a between_o both_o house_n and_o some_o between_o the_o king_n and_o both_o house_n by_o reason_n of_o incertainty_n of_o jurisdiction_n and_o some_o lawyer_n doubt_v how_o far_o the_o parliament_n be_v able_a to_o create_v new_a form_n and_o precedent_n and_o have_v a_o jurisdiction_n over_o itself_o all_o these_o doubt_n will_v be_v solemn_o solve_v but_o in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o true_a privilege_n of_o parliament_n belong_v not_o only_o to_o the_o be_v and_o efficacy_n of_o it_o but_o to_o the_o honour_n and_o compliment_n of_o it_o will_v be_v clear_o declare_v for_o the_o very_a name_n of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n as_o if_o they_o be_v chimaera_n to_o the_o ignorant_a sort_n and_o utter_o unknown_a unto_o the_o learned_a have_v be_v entertain_v with_o scorn_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o parliament_n in_o this_o large_a passage_n take_v out_o of_o the_o observator_fw-la which_o concern_v the_o original_n of_o all_o government_n two_o notable_a proposition_n may_v be_v principal_o observe_v first_o our_o observator_fw-la confess_v arbitrary_a or_o absolute_a government_n to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o the_o safe_a government_n for_o the_o world_n second_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o jurisdiction_n be_v uncertain_a and_o the_o privilege_n not_o clear_o declare_v of_o limit_a monarchy_n these_o two_o evident_a truth_n deliver_v by_o he_o he_o labour_v main_o to_o disguise_n he_o seem_v to_o insinuate_v that_o arbitrary_a government_n be_v but_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n for_o so_o he_o term_v it_o but_o if_o we_o inquire_v of_o he_o how_o long_o he_o will_v have_v this_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n to_o last_v he_o grant_v it_o continue_v above_o three_o thousand_o year_n which_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a time_n for_o the_o 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not_o limit_v or_o regulate_v monarchy_n but_o quite_o take_v it_o away_o for_o a_o lacedaemonian_a king_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o aristotle_n be_v no_o king_n indeed_o but_o in_o name_n only_o as_o generalissimo_n of_o a_o army_n and_o the_o best_a politician_n reckon_v the_o spartan_a commonwealth_n to_o have_v be_v aristocratical_a and_o not_o monarchical_a and_o if_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n can_v be_v find_v in_o lacedaemon_n i_o doubt_v our_o observator_fw-la will_v hardly_o find_v it_o any_o where_o else_o in_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o in_o substance_n he_o confess_v as_o much_o when_o he_o say_v now_o most_o country_n have_v find_v out_o a_o art_n and_o peaceable_a order_n for_o public_a assembly_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n but_o new_a do_v and_o not_o before_o for_o so_o the_o word_n now_o do_v import_n the_o observator_fw-la in_o confess_v the_o jurisdiction_n to_o be_v incertain_a and_o the_o privilege_n undetermined_a of_o that_o court_n that_o
swear_v to_o keep_v or_o not_o if_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n promise_n by_o oath_n to_o his_o subject_n to_o keep_v the_o law_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o keep_v they_o not_o for_o that_o a_o prince_n be_v bind_v to_o keep_v his_o law_n by_o himself_o or_o by_o his_o predecessor_n but_o by_o the_o just_a convention_n and_o promise_n which_o he_o have_v make_v himself_o be_v it_o by_o oath_n or_o without_o any_o oath_n at_o all_o as_o shall_v a_o private_a man_n be_v and_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n that_o a_o private_a man_n may_v be_v relieve_v from_o his_o unjust_a and_o unreasonable_a promise_n as_o for_o that_o it_o be_v so_o grievous_a or_o for_o that_o he_o be_v by_o deceit_n or_o fraud_n circumvent_v or_o induce_v thereunto_o by_o error_n or_o force_v or_o just_a fear_n or_o by_o some_o great_a hurt_a even_o for_o the_o same_o cause_v the_o prince_n may_v be_v restore_v in_o that_o which_o touch_v the_o diminish_n of_o his_o majesty_n and_o so_o our_o maxim_n rest_v that_o the_o prince_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o his_o law_n nor_o to_o the_o law_n of_o his_o predecessor_n but_o well_o to_o his_o own_o just_a and_o reasonable_a convention_n the_o sovereign_a prince_n may_v derogate_v from_o the_o law_n that_o he_o have_v promise_v and_o swear_v to_o keep_v if_o the_o equity_n thereof_o cease_v and_o that_o of_o himself_o without_o consent_n of_o his_o subject_n which_o his_o subject_n can_v do_v among_o themselves_o if_o they_o be_v not_o by_o the_o prince_n relieve_v the_o foreign_a prince_n well-advised_a will_v never_o take_v oath_n to_o keep_v the_o law_n of_o their_o predecessor_n for_o otherwise_o they_o be_v not_o sovereign_n notwithstanding_o all_o oath_n the_o prince_n may_v derogate_v from_o the_o law_n or_o frustrate_v or_o disannul_v the_o same_o the_o reason_n and_o equity_n of_o they_o cease_v there_o be_v not_o any_o bond_n for_o the_o sovereign_a prince_n to_o keep_v the_o law_n more_o than_o so_o far_o as_o right_o and_o justice_n require_v neither_o be_v it_o to_o be_v find_v that_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o the_o hebrew_n take_v any_o oath_n no_o not_o they_o which_o be_v anoint_v by_o samuel_n elias_n and_o other_o as_o for_o general_n and_o particular_a which_o concern_v the_o right_n of_o man_n in_o private_a they_o have_v not_o use_v to_o be_v otherwise_o change_v but_o after_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n in_o france_n not_o for_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o king_n to_o rest_n on_o their_o advice_n or_o that_o he_o may_v not_o do_v the_o contrary_a to_o that_o they_o demand_v if_o natural_a reason_n and_o justice_n do_v so_o require_v and_o in_o that_o the_o greatness_n and_o majesty_n of_o a_o true_a sovereign_a prince_n be_v to_o be_v know_v when_o the_o estate_n of_o all_o the_o people_n assemble_v together_o in_o all_o humility_n present_v their_o request_n and_o supplication_n to_o their_o prince_n without_o have_v any_o power_n in_o any_o thing_n to_o command_v or_o determine_v or_o to_o give_v voice_n but_o that_o that_o which_o it_o please_v the_o king_n to_o like_a or_o dislike_n to_o command_v or_o forbid_v be_v hold_v for_o law_n wherein_o they_o which_o have_v write_v of_o the_o duty_n of_o magistrate_n have_v deceive_v themselves_o in_o maintain_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n be_v great_a than_o the_o prince_n a_o thing_n which_o ofttimes_o cause_v the_o true_a subject_n to_o revolt_v from_o the_o obedience_n which_o they_o owe_v unto_o their_o sovereign_a prince_n and_o minister_v matter_n of_o great_a trouble_n in_o commonwealth_n of_o which_o their_o opinion_n there_o be_v neither_o reason_n nor_o ground_n if_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v subject_a unto_o the_o assembly_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o people_n he_o shall_v neither_o be_v king_n nor_o sovereign_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n neither_o realm_n nor_o monarchy_n but_o a_o mere_a aristocracy_n of_o many_o lord_n in_o power_n equal_a where_o the_o great_a part_n command_v the_o less_o and_o whereon_o the_o law_n be_v not_o to_o be_v publish_v in_o the_o name_n of_o he_o that_o rule_v but_o in_o the_o name_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o estate_n as_o in_o a_o aristocratical_a seignory_n where_o he_o that_o be_v chief_a have_v no_o power_n but_o owe_v obeisance_n to_o the_o seignory_n unto_o who_o yet_o they_o every_o one_o of_o they_o feign_v themselves_o to_o owe_v their_o faith_n and_o obedience_n which_o be_v all_o thing_n so_o absurd_a as_o hard_o it_o be_v to_o see_v which_o be_v further_a from_o reason_n when_o charles_n the_o eight_o the_o french_a king_n then_o but_o fourteen_o year_n old_a hold_v a_o parliament_n at_o tours_n although_o the_o power_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v never_o before_o nor_o after_o so_o great_a as_o in_o those_o time_n yet_o relli_n then_o the_o speaker_n for_o the_o people_n turn_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n thus_o begin_v most_o high_a most_o mighty_a and_o most_o christian_a king_n our_o natural_a and_o only_a lord_n we_o poor_a humble_a and_o obedient_a subject_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v come_v hither_o by_o your_o command_n in_o all_o humility_n reverence_n and_o subjection_n present_v ourselves_o before_o you_o etc._n etc._n and_o have_v give_v i_o in_o charge_n from_o all_o this_o noble_a assembly_n to_o declare_v unto_o you_o the_o good_a will_n and_o hearty_a desire_n they_o have_v with_o a_o most_o fervent_a resolution_n to_o serve_v obey_v and_o aid_v you_o in_o all_o your_o affair_n commandment_n and_o pleasure_n all_o this_o speech_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o declaration_n of_o their_o good_a will_n towards_o the_o king_n and_o of_o their_o humble_a obedience_n and_o loyalty_n the_o like_a speech_n be_v use_v in_o the_o parliament_n at_o orleans_n to_o charles_n the_o 9th_o when_o he_o be_v scarce_o eleven_o year_n old_a neither_o be_v the_o parliament_n in_o spain_n otherwise_o hold_v but_o that_o even_o a_o great_a obedience_n of_o all_o the_o people_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o act_n of_o the_o parliament_n at_o toledo_n by_o king_n philip_n 1552._o when_o he_o yet_o be_v scarce_o twenty_o five_o year_n old_a the_o answer_n also_o of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n unto_o the_o request_n and_o humble_a supplication_n of_o his_o people_n be_v give_v in_o these_o word_n we_o will_v or_o else_o we_o decree_v or_o ordain_v yea_o the_o subsidy_n that_o the_o subject_n pay_v unto_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n they_o call_v service_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n which_o have_v common_o be_v hold_v every_o three_o year_n the_o estate_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o great_a liberty_n as_o the_o northern_a people_n almost_o all_o breathe_v thereafter_o yet_o so_o it_o be_v that_o in_o effect_n they_o proceed_v not_o but_o by_o way_n of_o supplication_n and_o request_n to_o the_o king_n as_o in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v in_o octob._n 1566._o when_o the_o estate_n by_o a_o common_a consent_n have_v resolve_v as_o they_o give_v the_o queen_n to_o understand_v not_o to_o treat_v of_o any_o thing_n until_o she_o have_v first_o appoint_v who_o shall_v succeed_v she_o in_o the_o crown_n she_o give_v they_o no_o other_o answer_n but_o that_o they_o be_v not_o to_o make_v her_o grave_a before_o she_o be_v dead_a all_o who_o resolution_n be_v to_o no_o purpose_n without_o her_o good_a like_n neither_o do_v she_o in_o that_o any_o thing_n that_o they_o request_v albeit_o by_o the_o sufferance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n controversy_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n be_v sometime_o determine_v by_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n yet_o all_o the_o estate_n remain_v in_o full_a subjection_n to_o the_o king_n who_o be_v no_o way_n bind_v to_o follow_v their_o advice_n neither_o to_o consent_v to_o their_o request_n the_o estate_n of_o england_n be_v never_o otherwise_o assemble_v no_o more_o than_o they_o be_v in_o france_n or_o spain_n than_o by_o parliament-writ_n and_o express_a commandment_n proceed_v from_o the_o king_n which_o show_v very_o well_o that_o the_o estate_n have_v no_o power_n of_o themselves_o to_o determine_v command_v or_o decree_v any_o thing_n see_v they_o can_v so_o much_o as_o assemble_v themselves_o neither_o be_v assemble_v depart_v without_o express_a commandment_n from_o the_o king_n yet_o this_o may_v seem_v one_o special_a thing_n that_o the_o law_n make_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o estate_n can_v be_v again_o repeal_v but_o by_o call_v a_o parliament_n though_o we_o see_v henry_n the_o eight_o to_o have_v always_o use_v his_o sovereign_a power_n and_o with_o his_o only_a word_n to_o have_v disannul_v the_o decree_n of_o parliament_n we_o conclude_v the_o majesty_n of_o a_o prince_n to_o be_v nothing_o alter_v or_o diminish_v by_o the_o call_v together_o or_o presence_n of_o the_o
estate_n but_o to_o the_o contrary_a his_o majesty_n thereby_o to_o be_v much_o the_o great_a and_o the_o more_o honourable_a see_v all_o his_o people_n to_o acknowledge_v he_o for_o their_o sovereign_n we_o see_v the_o principal_a point_n of_o sovereign_a majesty_n and_o absolute_a power_n to_o consist_v principal_o in_o give_v law_n unto_o the_o subject_n without_o their_o consent_n it_o behove_v that_o the_o sovereign_a prince_n shall_v have_v the_o law_n in_o his_o power_n to_o change_v and_o amend_v they_o according_a as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v in_o a_o monarchy_n every_o one_o in_o particular_a must_v swear_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o their_o allegiance_n to_o one_o sovereign_a monarch_n who_o next_o unto_o god_n of_o who_o he_o hold_v his_o sceptre_n and_o power_n be_v bind_v to_o no_o man_n for_o a_o oath_n carry_v always_o with_o it_o reverence_n unto_o who_o and_o in_o who_o name_n it_o be_v make_v as_o still_o give_v to_o a_o superior_a and_o therefore_o the_o vassal_n give_v such_o oath_n unto_o his_o lord_n but_o receive_v none_o from_o he_o again_o though_o they_o be_v mutual_o bind_v the_o one_o of_o they_o to_o the_o other_o trajan_n swear_v to_o keep_v the_o law_n although_o he_o under_o the_o name_n of_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n be_v exempt_v but_o never_o any_o of_o the_o emperor_n before_o he_o so_o swear_v therefore_o pliny_n the_o young_a in_o a_o panegyrical_a oration_n speak_v of_o the_o oath_n of_o trajan_n give_v out_o a_o great_a novelty_n say_v he_o and_o never_o before_o hear_v of_o he_o swear_v by_o who_o we_o swear_v of_o these_o two_o thing_n the_o one_o must_v come_v to_o pass_v to_o wit_n the_o prince_n that_o swear_v to_o keep_v the_o law_n of_o his_o country_n must_v either_o not_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n or_o else_o become_v a_o perjure_a man_n if_o he_o shall_v abrogate_v but_o one_o law_n contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n whereas_o it_o be_v not_o only_o profitable_a that_o a_o prince_n shall_v sometime_o abrogate_v some_o such_o law_n but_o also_o necessary_a for_o he_o to_o alter_v or_o correct_v they_o as_o the_o infinite_a variety_n of_o place_n time_n and_o person_n shall_v require_v or_o if_o we_o shall_v say_v the_o prince_n to_o be_v still_o a_o sovereign_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o with_o such_o condition_n that_o he_o can_v make_v no_o law_n without_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n or_o people_n he_o must_v also_o be_v dispense_v with_o by_o his_o subject_n for_o the_o oath_n which_o he_o have_v make_v for_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o subject_n again_o which_o be_v oblige_v to_o the_o law_n have_v also_o need_v to_o be_v dispense_v withal_o by_o their_o prince_n for_o fear_v they_o shall_v be_v perjure_a so_o shall_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o commonweal_n incline_v now_o to_o this_o side_n now_o to_o that_o side_n sometime_o the_o prince_n sometime_o the_o people_n bear_v sway_n shall_v have_v no_o certainty_n to_o rest_v upon_o which_o be_v notable_a absurdity_n and_o altogether_o incompatible_a with_o the_o majesty_n of_o absolute_a sovereignty_n and_o contrary_a both_o to_o law_n and_o reason_n and_o yet_o we_o see_v many_o man_n that_o think_v they_o see_v more_o in_o the_o matter_n than_o other_o will_v maintain_v it_o to_o be_v most_o necessary_a that_o prince_n shall_v be_v bind_v by_o oath_n to_o keep_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o country_n in_o which_o do_v they_o weaken_v and_o overthrow_v all_o the_o right_n of_o sovereign_a majesty_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v most_o sacred_a and_o holy_a and_o confound_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o one_o sovereign_a monarch_n with_o a_o aristocracy_n or_o democracy_n publication_n or_o approbation_n of_o law_n in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n or_o parliament_n be_v with_o we_o of_o great_a importance_n for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o law_n not_o that_o the_o prince_n can_v of_o himself_o make_v a_o law_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o estate_n or_o people_n for_o even_o all_o his_o declaration_n of_o war_n treaty_n of_o peace_n valuation_n of_o the_o coin_n charter_n to_o enable_v town_n to_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n and_o his_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o both_o house_n to_o assemble_v be_v law_n though_o make_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o estate_n or_o people_n but_o it_o be_v a_o courteous_a part_n to_o do_v it_o by_o the_o good_a like_n of_o the_o senate_n what_o if_o a_o prince_n by_o law_n forbid_v to_o kill_v or_o steal_v be_v he_o not_o bind_v to_o obey_v his_o own_o law_n i_o say_v that_o this_o law_n be_v not_o he_o but_o the_o law_n of_o god_n whereunto_o all_o prince_n be_v more_o strait_o bind_v than_o their_o subject_n god_n take_v a_o strict_a account_n of_o prince_n than_o other_o as_o solomon_n a_o king_n have_v say_v whereto_o agree_v marcus_n aurelius_n say_v the_o magistrate_n be_v judge_n over_o private_a man_n prince_n judge_v the_o magistrate_n and_o god_n the_o prince_n it_o be_v not_o only_o a_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o also_o oftentimes_o repeat_v among_o the_o law_n of_o god_n that_o we_o shall_v be_v obedient_a unto_o the_o law_n of_o such_o prince_n as_o it_o have_v please_v god_n to_o set_v to_o rule_n and_o reign_v over_o we_o if_o their_o law_n be_v not_o direct_o repugnant_a unto_o the_o law_n of_o god_n whereunto_o all_o prince_n be_v as_o well_o bind_v as_o their_o subject_n for_o as_o the_o vassal_n owe_v his_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n unto_o his_o lord_n towards_z and_o against_o all_o man_n except_o his_o sovereign_a prince_n so_o the_o subject_n owe_v his_o obedience_n to_o his_o sovereign_a prince_n towards_z and_o against_o all_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n except_v who_o be_v the_o absolute_a sovereign_n of_o all_o the_o prince_n in_o the_o world_n to_o confound_v the_o state_n of_o monarchy_n with_o the_o popular_a or_o aristocratical_a estate_n be_v a_o thing_n impossible_a and_o in_o effect_n incompatible_a and_o such_o as_o can_v be_v imagine_v for_o sovereignty_n be_v of_o itself_o indivisible_a how_o can_v it_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o one_o prince_n the_o nobility_n and_o the_o people_n in_o common_a the_o first_o mark_n of_o sovereign_a majesty_n be_v to_o be_v of_o power_n to_o give_v law_n and_o to_o command_v over_o they_o unto_o the_o subject_n and_o who_o shall_v those_o subject_n be_v that_o shall_v yield_v their_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n if_o they_o shall_v have_v also_o power_n to_o make_v the_o law_n who_o shall_v he_o be_v that_o can_v give_v the_o law_n be_v he_o himself_o constrain_v to_o receive_v it_o of_o they_o unto_o who_o he_o himself_o give_v it_o so_o that_o of_o necessity_n we_o must_v conclude_v that_o as_o no_o one_o in_o particular_a have_v the_o power_n to_o make_v the_o law_n in_o such_o a_o state_n that_o there_o the_o state_n must_v needs_o be_v popular_a never_o any_o commonwealth_n have_v be_v make_v of_o a_o aristocracy_n and_o popular_a estate_n much_o less_o of_o all_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n such_o state_n wherein_o the_o right_a of_o sovereignty_n be_v divide_v be_v not_o right_o to_o be_v call_v commonweal_n but_o rather_o the_o corruption_n of_o commonweal_n as_o herodotus_n have_v most_o brief_o but_o true_o write_v commonweal_n which_o change_v their_o state_n the_o sovereign_a right_n and_o power_n of_o they_o be_v divide_v find_v no_o rest_n from_o civil_a war_n if_o the_o prince_n be_v a_o absolute_a sovereign_n as_o be_v the_o true_a monarch_n of_o france_n of_o spain_n of_o england_n scotland_n turkey_n muscovy_n tartary_n persia_n aethiopia_n india_n and_o almost_o of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o africa_n and_o asia_n where_o the_o king_n themselves_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n without_o all_o doubt_n or_o question_n not_o divide_v with_o their_o subject_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o one_o of_o the_o subject_n in_o particular_a or_o all_o of_o they_o in_o general_a to_o attempt_v any_o thing_n either_o by_o way_n of_o fact_n or_o of_o justice_n against_o the_o honour_n life_n or_o dignity_n of_o the_o sovereign_n albeit_o he_o have_v commit_v all_o the_o wickedness_n impiety_n and_o cruelty_n that_o can_v be_v speak_v for_o as_o to_o proceed_v against_o he_o by_o way_n of_o justice_n the_o subject_n have_v not_o such_o jurisdiction_n over_o his_o sovereign_a prince_n of_o who_o depend_v all_o power_n to_o command_v and_o who_o may_v not_o only_o revoke_v all_o the_o power_n of_o his_o magistrate_n but_o even_o in_o who_o presence_n the_o power_n of_o all_o magistrate_n corporation_n estate_n and_o community_n cease_v now_o if_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o the_o subject_a by_o the_o way_n of_o justice_n to_o proceed_v against_o a_o king_n how_o shall_v it_o then_o be_v
party_n be_v any_o way_n bind_v to_o perform_v their_o part_n and_o the_o devil_n without_o doubt_n notwithstanding_o all_o his_o craft_n have_v far_o the_o worst_a part_n of_o the_o bargain_n the_o bargain_n run_v thus_o in_o mr._n perkins_n 12._o the_o witch_n as_o a_o slave_n bind_v himself_o by_o vow_n to_o believe_v in_o the_o devil_n and_o to_o give_v he_o either_o body_n or_o soul_n or_o both_o under_o his_o hand-writing_n or_o some_o part_n of_o his_o blood_n the_o devil_n promise_v to_o be_v ready_a at_o his_o vassal_n command_v to_o appear_v in_o the_o likeness_n of_o any_o creature_n to_o consult_v and_o to_o aid_v he_o for_o the_o procure_n of_o pleasure_n honour_n wealth_n or_o preferment_n to_o go_v for_o he_o to_o carry_v he_o any_o whither_o and_o to_o do_v any_o command_n whereby_o we_o see_v the_o devil_n be_v not_o to_o have_v benefit_n of_o his_o bargain_n till_o the_o death_n of_o the_o witch_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o be_v to_o appear_v always_o at_o the_o witch_n command_v to_o go_v for_o he_o to_o carry_v he_o any_o whither_o and_o to_o do_v any_o command_n which_o argue_v the_o devil_n to_o be_v the_o witch_n slave_n and_o not_o the_o witch_n the_o devil_n though_o it_o be_v true_a which_o delrio_n affirm_v that_o the_o devil_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o perform_v or_o break_v his_o compact_n for_o that_o no_o man_n can_v compel_v he_o to_o keep_v his_o promise_n yet_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v as_o possible_a for_o the_o witch_n to_o frustrate_v the_o devil_n contract_n if_o he_o or_o she_o have_v so_o much_o grace_n as_o to_o repent_v the_o which_o there_o may_v be_v good_a cause_n to_o do_v if_o the_o devil_n be_v find_v not_o to_o perform_v his_o promise_n beside_o a_o witch_n may_v many_o time_n require_v that_o to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o devil_n which_o god_n permit_v not_o the_o devil_n to_o do_v thus_o against_o his_o will_n the_o devil_n may_v lose_v his_o credit_n and_o give_v occasion_n of_o repentance_n though_o he_o endeavour_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o his_o power_n to_o bring_v to_o pass_v whatsoever_o he_o have_v promise_v and_o so_o fail_v of_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o bargain_n though_o he_o have_v the_o handwriting_n or_o some_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o witch_n for_o his_o security_n or_o the_o solemnity_n before_o witness_n as_o delrio_n imagine_v i_o be_o certain_a they_o will_v not_o say_v that_o witchcraft_n be_v like_o the_o sin_n against_o the_o holy_a ghost_n unpardonable_a for_o mr._n perkins_n confess_v the_o contrary_a and_o delrio_n deny_v it_o not_o 18._o for_o he_o allow_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o eucharist_n to_o be_v administer_v to_o a_o condemn_a witch_n with_o this_o limitation_n that_o there_o may_v be_v about_o four_o hour_n space_n between_o the_o communion_n and_o the_o execution_n in_o which_o time_n it_o may_v be_v probable_o think_v that_o the_o sacramental_a species_n as_o they_o call_v it_o may_v be_v consume_v 3._o delrio_n in_o his_o second_o book_n and_o four_o question_n give_v this_o rule_n which_o he_o say_v be_v common_a to_o all_o contract_n with_o the_o devil_n that_o first_o they_o must_v deny_v the_o faith_n and_o christianism_n and_o obedience_n to_o god_n and_o reject_v the_o patronage_n of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n and_o revile_v she_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n mr._n perkins_n affirm_v that_o witch_n renounce_v god_n and_o their_o baptism_n but_o if_o this_o be_v common_a to_o all_o contract_n with_o the_o devil_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o none_o can_v be_v witch_n but_o such_o as_o have_v first_o be_v christian_n nay_o and_o roman_a catholic_n if_o delrio_n say_v true_a for_o who_o else_o can_v renounce_v the_o patronage_n of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v then_o of_o all_o those_o idolatrous_a nation_n of_o lapland_n finland_n and_o of_o divers_a part_n of_o africa_n and_o many_o other_o heathenish_a nation_n which_o our_o traveller_n report_v to_o be_v full_a of_o witch_n and_o indeed_o what_o need_v or_o benefit_n can_v the_o devil_n gain_v by_o contract_v with_o those_o idolater_n who_o be_v sure_a his_o own_o than_o any_o covenant_n can_v make_v they_o 4._o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v that_o witchcraft_n be_v a_o art_n work_v wonder_n it_o must_v be_v understand_v that_o the_o art_n must_v be_v the_o witch_n art_n and_o not_o the_o devil_n otherwise_o it_o be_v no_o witchcraft_n but_o devils-craft_n it_o be_v confess_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o the_o witch_n do_v not_o work_v the_o wonder_n but_o the_o devil_n only_o it_o be_v a_o rare_a art_n for_o a_o witch_n by_o her_o art_n to_o be_v able_a to_o do_v nothing_o herself_o but_o to_o command_v another_o to_o practice_v the_o art_n in_o other_o art_n mr._n perkins_n confess_v that_o the_o art_n master_n be_v able_a by_o himself_o to_o practice_v his_o art_n and_o to_o do_v thing_n belong_v thereunto_o 4._o without_o the_o help_n of_o another_o but_o in_o this_o it_o be_v otherwise_o the_o power_n of_o effect_v strange_a work_n do_v not_o flow_v from_o the_o skill_n of_o the_o witch_n but_o be_v derive_v whole_o from_o satan_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n he_o say_v 1_o that_o the_o mean_n of_o work_a wonder_n be_v charm_n use_v as_o a_o watchword_n to_o the_o devil_n to_o cause_v he_o to_o work_v wonder_n so_o that_o the_o devil_n be_v the_o worker_n of_o the_o wonder_n and_o the_o witch_n but_o the_o counsellor_n persuader_n or_o commander_n of_o it_o and_o only_o accessary_a before_o the_o fact_n and_o the_o devil_n only_o principal_a now_o the_o difficulty_n will_v be_v how_o the_o accessary_a can_v be_v due_o and_o lawful_o convict_v and_o attaint_v according_a as_o our_o statute_n require_v unless_o the_o devil_n who_o be_v the_o principal_a be_v first_o convict_v or_o at_o least_o outlawed_a which_o can_v be_v because_o the_o devil_n can_v never_o be_v lawful_o summon_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o our_o common_a law_n for_o further_a proof_n that_o the_o devil_n be_v the_o principal_a in_o all_o such_o wonder_n i_o shall_v show_v it_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o king_n james_n in_o a_o case_n of_o murder_n which_o be_v the_o most_o capital_a crime_n our_o law_n look_v upon_o first_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o devil_n teach_v witch_n how_o to_o make_v picture_n of_o wax_n and_o clay_n that_o by_o the_o roast_n thereof_o the_o person_n that_o they_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o may_v be_v continual_o melt_v or_o dry_v away_o by_o continual_a sickness_n not_o that_o any_o of_o these_o mean_n which_o he_o teach_v they_o except_o poison_n which_o be_v compose_v of_o thing_n natural_a can_v of_o themselves_o help_v any_o thing_n to_o these_o turn_v they_o be_v employ_v in_o second_o 5._o king_n james_n affirm_v that_o witch_n can_v bewitch_v and_o take_v the_o life_n of_o man_n or_o woman_n by_o roast_v of_o the_o picture_n which_o be_v very_o possible_a to_o their_o master_n to_o perform_v for_o although_o that_o instrument_n of_o wax_n have_v no_o virtue_n in_o the_o turn_n do_v yet_o may_v he_o not_o very_o well_o by_o that_o same_o measure_n that_o his_o conjure_a slave_n melt_v that_o wax_n at_o the_o fire_n may_v he_o not_o i_o say_v at_o these_o same_o time_n subtle_o as_o a_o spirit_n so_o weaken_v and_o scatter_v the_o spirit_n of_o life_n of_o the_o patient_n as_o may_v make_v he_o on_o the_o one_o part_n for_o faintness_n to_o sweat_v out_o the_o humour_n of_o his_o body_n and_o on_o the_o other_o part_n for_o the_o not_o concur_v of_o these_o spirit_n which_o cause_n his_o digestion_n so_o debilitate_v his_o stomach_n that_o his_o humour_n radical_a continual_o sweat_v out_o on_o the_o one_o part_n and_o no_o new_a good_a suck_v be_v put_v in_o the_o place_n thereof_o for_o lack_v of_o digestion_n on_o the_o other_o he_o at_o last_o shall_v vanish_v away_o even_o as_o his_o picture_n will_v do_v at_o the_o fire_n here_o we_o see_v the_o picture_n of_o wax_n roast_v by_o the_o witch_n have_v no_o virtue_n in_o the_o murder_v but_o the_o devil_n only_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o it_o be_v due_o prove_v that_o the_o party_n murder_v be_v murder_v by_o the_o devil_n for_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n to_o bely_v the_o devil_n and_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o be_v prove_v if_o it_o be_v subtle_o do_v as_o a_o spirit_n 5._o our_o definer_n of_o witchcraft_n dispute_v much_o whether_o the_o devil_n can_v work_v a_o miracle_n they_o resolve_v he_o can_v do_v a_o wonder_n but_o not_o a_o miracle_n mirum_fw-la but_o not_o miraculum_fw-la a_o miracle_n say_v mr._n perkins_n be_v that_o which_o be_v above_o or_o against_o nature_n simple_o a_o wonder_n be_v that_o which_o proceed_v not_o from_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n delrio_n
of_o a_o witch_n but_o only_o when_o the_o devil_n please_v i_o do_v not_o find_v he_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v usual_a with_o satan_n to_o endeavour_v any_o such_o discovery_n neither_o do_v i_o see_v how_o it_o be_v practicable_a by_o the_o devil_n for_o either_o he_o must_v do_v it_o by_o his_o own_o relation_n or_o report_n which_o as_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v he_o ever_o do_v so_o it_o be_v vain_a and_o to_o no_o purpose_n if_o he_o do_v it_o for_o mr._n perkins_n have_v discredit_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o devil_n as_o invalid_a and_o of_o no_o force_n for_o conviction_n or_o else_o the_o devil_n must_v discover_v it_o by_o some_o second_o mean_n and_o if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o such_o second_o mean_v usual_a mr._n perkins_n will_v have_v teach_v we_o what_o they_o be_v and_o not_o have_v leave_v we_o only_o to_o his_o two_o more_o sufficient_a proof_n which_o he_o confess_v be_v not_o infallible_a king_n james_n tell_v we_o 2._o that_o the_o devil_n first_o discover_v of_o himself_o for_o the_o gain_n of_o a_o witch_n be_v either_o upon_o their_o walk_n solitary_o in_o the_o field_n or_o else_o lie_v pause_v in_o their_o bed_n but_o always_o without_o the_o company_n of_o any_o other_o and_o at_o the_o make_n of_o circle_n and_o conjuration_n none_o of_o that_o craft_n will_v permit_v any_o other_o to_o behold_v when_o the_o devil_n and_o his_o subject_n be_v thus_o close_a and_o secret_a in_o their_o action_n it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o he_o will_v use_v all_o mean_n to_o discover_v his_o most_o special_a and_o trusty_a subject_n and_o though_o mr._n perkins_n tell_v we_o that_o by_o nature_n of_o the_o precontract_n 2._o the_o devil_n be_v cocksure_a of_o his_o instrument_n yet_o within_o a_o few_o line_n he_o change_v his_o note_n and_o say_v though_o he_o have_v good_a hope_n of_o they_o yet_o he_o be_v not_o certain_a of_o their_o continuance_n because_o some_o by_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n have_v be_v reclaim_v and_o free_v from_o his_o covenant_n beside_o he_o confess_v the_o devil_n suffer_v some_o to_o live_v long_o undisclose_v that_o they_o may_v exercise_v the_o great_a measure_n of_o his_o malice_n in_o the_o world_n it_o remain_v that_o if_o the_o two_o true_a proof_n of_o mr._n perkins_n which_o be_v the_o witch_n confession_n or_o sufficient_a witness_n fail_v we_o have_v not_o warrant_v as_o he_o say_v in_o the_o word_n to_o put_v such_o a_o one_o to_o death_n i_o conclude_v this_o point_n in_o the_o word_n of_o mr._n perkins_n i_o advise_v all_o juror_n that_o as_o they_o be_v diligent_a in_o the_o zeal_n of_o god_n glory_n so_o they_o will_v be_v careful_a what_o they_o do_v and_o not_o to_o condemn_v any_o party_n suspect_v upon_o bare_a presumption_n without_o sound_n and_o sufficient_a proof_n that_o they_o be_v not_o guilty_a through_o their_o own_o rashness_n of_o shed_v innocent_a blood_n of_o the_o hebrew_n witch_n in_o deut._n 18._o the_o witch_n be_v name_v with_o divers_a other_o sort_n of_o such_o as_o use_v the_o like_a unlawful_a art_n as_o the_o divine_a the_o observer_n of_o time_n a_o enchanter_n a_o charmer_n a_o consulter_n with_o a_o familiar_a spirit_n a_o wizard_n or_o a_o necromancer_n the_o text_n add_v all_o that_o do_v these_o thing_n be_v a_o abomination_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o because_o of_o these_o abomination_n the_o lord_n thy_o god_n do_v drive_v they_o the_o nation_n out_o from_o before_o thou_o if_o we_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o those_o abomination_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v we_o be_v tell_v in_o general_a in_o the_o 14._o verse_n of_o the_o same_o chapter_n these_o nation_n hearken_v unto_o observer_n of_o time_n and_o unto_o diviner_n there_o be_v no_o other_o crime_n in_o this_o chapter_n lay_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o all_o or_o any_o of_o these_o practiser_n of_o such_o unlawful_a art_n but_o of_o lie_v prophecy_n and_o therefore_o the_o text_n add_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n will_v raise_v up_o unto_o thou_o a_o prophet_n from_o the_o midst_n of_o thou_o of_o thy_o brethren_n like_v unto_o i_o unto_o he_o shall_v you_o hearken_v and_o not_o to_o the_o diviner_n wizard_n charmer_n etc._n etc._n set_v aside_o the_o case_n of_o job_n wherein_o god_n give_v a_o special_a and_o extraordinary_a commission_n i_o do_v not_o find_v in_o scripture_n that_o the_o devil_n or_o witch_n or_o any_o other_o have_v power_n ordinary_o permit_v they_o either_o to_o kill_v or_o hurt_v any_o man_n or_o to_o meddle_v with_o the_o good_n of_o any_o for_o though_o for_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n god_n do_v permit_v the_o devil_n ordinary_o to_o tempt_v they_o yet_o he_o have_v no_o commission_n to_o destroy_v the_o life_n or_o good_n of_o man_n it_o be_v little_o less_o than_o blasphemy_n to_o say_v any_o such_o thing_n of_o the_o admirable_a providence_n of_o god_n whereby_o he_o preserve_v all_o his_o creature_n it_o be_v crime_n sufficient_a for_o all_o those_o practiser_n of_o unlawful_a art_n to_o delude_v the_o 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〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v a_o house_n nor_o do_v aristotle_n confine_v a_o family_n to_o one_o house_n but_o esteem_v it_o to_o be_v make_v of_o those_o that_o daily_o converse_v together_o whereas_o before_o he_o charondas_n call_v a_o family_n homosypioi_fw-fr those_o that_o feed_v together_o out_o of_o one_o common_a pannier_n and_o epimenides_n the_o cretian_a term_v a_o family_n homocapnoi_n those_o that_o sit_v by_o a_o common_a fire_n or_o smoak_n but_o let_v suarez_n understand_v what_o he_o please_v by_o adam_n family_n if_o he_o will_v but_o confess_v as_o he_o needs_o must_v that_o adam_n and_o the_o patriarch_n have_v absolute_a power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n and_o the_o like_a within_o their_o house_n or_o family_n he_o must_v give_v we_o leave_v at_o least_o to_o call_v they_o king_n of_o their_o house_n or_o family_n and_o if_o they_o be_v so_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n what_o liberty_n will_v be_v leave_v to_o their_o child_n to_o dispose_v of_o aristotle_n give_v the_o lie_n to_o plato_n and_o those_o that_o say_v political_n and_o oeconomical_a society_n be_v all_o one_o and_o do_v not_o differ_v specie_fw-la but_o only_o multitudine_fw-la &_o paucitate_fw-la as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o great_a house_n and_o a_o little_a city_n all_o the_o argument_n i_o find_v he_o bring_v against_o they_o be_v this_o the_o community_n of_o man_n and_o wife_n 2._o differ_v from_o the_o community_n of_o master_n and_o servant_n because_o they_o have_v several_a ends._n the_o intention_n of_o nature_n by_o conjunction_n of_o male_a and_o female_a be_v generation_n but_o the_o scope_n of_o master_n and_o servant_n be_v preservation_n so_o that_o a_o wife_n and_o a_o servant_n be_v by_o nature_n distinguish_v because_o nature_n do_v not_o work_v like_o the_o cutler_n of_o delphos_n for_o she_o make_v but_o one_o thing_n for_o one_o use_v if_o we_o allow_v this_o argument_n to_o be_v 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know_v that_o such_o mischief_n be_v unavoidable_a and_o of_o necessity_n do_v follow_v all_o democratical_a regiment_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v give_v because_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o people_n be_v to_o desire_v liberty_n without_o restraint_n which_o can_v be_v but_o where_o the_o wicked_a bear_n rule_n and_o if_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v so_o indiscreet_a as_o to_o advance_v virtuous_a man_n they_o lose_v their_o power_n for_o that_o good_a man_n will_v favour_v none_o but_o the_o good_a which_o be_v always_o the_o few_o in_o number_n and_o the_o wicked_a and_o vicious_a which_o be_v still_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v exclude_v from_o all_o preferment_n and_o in_o the_o end_n by_o little_a and_o little_a wise_a man_n shall_v seize_v upon_o the_o state_n and_o take_v it_o from_o the_o people_n i_o know_v not_o how_o to_o give_v a_o better_a character_n of_o the_o people_n than_o can_v be_v gather_v from_o such_o author_n as_o live_v among_o or_o 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emperor_n can_v match_v this_o popular_a villainy_n in_o such_o a_o universal_a slaughter_n of_o citizen_n or_o civil_a butchery_n god_n only_o be_v able_a to_o match_v he_o and_o over-matched_n he_o by_o fit_v he_o with_o a_o most_o remarkable_a death_n just_a answerable_a to_o his_o life_n for_o as_o he_o have_v be_v the_o death_n of_o many_o thousand_o of_o his_o countryman_n so_o as_o many_o thousand_o of_o his_o own_o kindred_n in_o the_o flesh_n be_v the_o death_n of_o he_o for_o he_o die_v of_o a_o impostume_n which_o corrupt_v his_o flesh_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o it_o turn_v all_o to_o louse_n he_o have_v many_o about_o he_o to_o shift_v he_o continual_o night_n and_o day_n yet_o the_o louse_n they_o wipe_v from_o he_o be_v nothing_o to_o they_o that_o multiply_v upon_o he_o there_o be_v neither_o apparel_n linen_n bath_n wash_n nor_o meat_n itself_o but_o be_v present_o fill_v with_o swarm_n of_o this_o vile_a vermin_n i_o cite_v not_o this_o to_o extenuate_v the_o bloody_a act_n of_o any_o tyrannical_a prince_n nor_o will_v i_o plead_v in_o defence_n of_o their_o cruelty_n only_o in_o the_o comparative_a i_o maintain_v the_o mischief_n to_o a_o state_n to_o be_v less_o universal_a under_o a_o tyrant_n king_n for_o the_o cruelty_n of_o such_o tyrant_n extend_v ordinary_o no_o further_o than_o to_o some_o particular_a man_n that_o offend_v he_o and_o not_o to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n it_o be_v true_o say_v by_o his_o late_a majesty_n king_n james_n a_o king_n can_v never_o be_v so_o notorious_o vicious_a but_o he_o will_v general_o favour_v justice_n and_o maintain_v some_o order_n except_o in_o the_o particular_n wherein_o his_o inordinate_a lust_n carry_v he_o away_o even_o cruel_a domitian_n dionysius_n the_o tyrant_n and_o many_o other_o be_v commend_v by_o historian_n for_o great_a observer_n of_o
by_o any_o rule_n of_o reason_n or_o of_o state_n examine_v his_o action_n without_o a_o distemper_a judgement_n and_o you_o will_v not_o condemn_v he_o to_o be_v exceed_v either_o insufficient_a or_o evil_a weigh_v the_o imputation_n that_o be_v object_v against_o he_o and_o you_o shall_v find_v nothing_o either_o of_o any_o truth_n or_o of_o great_a moment_n hollingshed_n write_v that_o he_o be_v most_o unthankful_o use_v by_o his_o subject_n for_o although_o through_o the_o frailty_n of_o his_o youth_n he_o demean_v himself_o more_o dissolute_o than_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o royalty_n of_o his_o estate_n yet_o in_o no_o king_n day_n be_v the_o commons_o in_o great_a wealth_n the_o nobility_n more_o honour_v and_o the_o clergy_n less_o wrong_v who_o notwithstanding_o in_o the_o evil-guided_n strength_n of_o their_o will_n take_v head_n against_o he_o to_o their_o own_o headlong_a destruction_n afterward_o partly_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n his_o next_o successor_n who_o great_a achievement_n be_v against_o his_o own_o people_n in_o execute_v those_o who_o conspire_v with_o he_o against_o king_n richard_n but_o more_o especial_o in_o succeed_a time_n when_o upon_o occasion_n of_o this_o disorder_n more_o english_a blood_n be_v spend_v than_o be_v in_o all_o the_o foreign_a war_n together_o which_o have_v be_v since_o the_o conquest_n twice_o have_v this_o kingdom_n be_v miserable_o waste_v with_o civil_a war_n but_o neither_o of_o they_o occasion_v by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o any_o prince_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o baron_n war_n be_v by_o good_a historian_n attribute_v to_o the_o stubbornness_n of_o the_o nobility_n as_o the_o bloody_a variance_n of_o the_o house_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n and_o the_o late_a rebellion_n spring_v from_o the_o wantonness_n of_o the_o people_n these_o three_o unnatural_a war_n have_v dishonour_v our_o nation_n among_o stranger_n so_o that_o in_o the_o censure_n of_o kingdom_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o king_n of_o man_n because_o of_o his_o subject_n willing_a obedience_n the_o king_n of_o france_n king_n of_o ass_n because_o of_o their_o infinite_a tax_n and_o imposition_n but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o king_n of_o devil_n because_o of_o his_o subject_n often_o insurrection_n against_o and_o deposition_n of_o their_o prince_n chap._n iii_o positive_a law_n do_v not_o infringe_v the_o natural_a and_o fatherly_a power_n of_o king_n 1._o regal_a authority_n not_o subject_a to_o the_o positive_a law_n king_n before_o law_n the_o king_n of_o judah_n and_o israel_n not_o tie_v to_o law_n 2._o of_o samuel_n description_n of_o a_o king_n 1_o sam._n 8._o 3._o the_o power_n ascribe_v unto_o king_n in_o the_o new_a testament_n 4._o whether_o law_n be_v invent_v to_o bridle_v tyrant_n 5._o the_o benefit_n of_o law_n 6._o king_n keep_v the_o law_n though_o not_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n 7._o of_o the_o oath_n of_o king_n 8._o of_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n over_o law_n 9_o the_o king_n the_o author_n the_o interpreter_n and_o corrector_n of_o the_o common_a law_n 10._o the_o king_n judge_n in_o all_o cause_n both_o before_o the_o conquest_n and_o since_o 11._o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n have_v ancient_o determine_v cause_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n 12._o of_o parliament_n 13._o when_o the_o people_n be_v first_o call_v to_o parliament_n 14._o the_o liberty_n of_o parliament_n not_o from_o nature_n but_o from_o grace_n of_o the_o prince_n 15._o the_o king_n alone_o make_v law_n in_o parliament_n 16._o govern_v both_o house_n as_o head_n by_o himself_o 17._o by_o his_o council_n 18._o by_o his_o judge_n 1._o hitherto_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o show_v the_o natural_a institution_n of_o regal_a authority_n and_o to_o free_v it_o from_o subjection_n to_o a_o arbitrary_a election_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v necessary_a also_o to_o inquire_v whether_o humane_a law_n have_v a_o superiority_n over_o prince_n because_o those_o that_o maintain_v the_o acquisition_n of_o royal_a jurisdiction_n from_o the_o people_n do_v subject_a the_o exercise_n of_o it_o to_o positive_a law_n but_o in_o this_o also_o they_o err_v for_o as_o kingly_a power_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n so_o it_o have_v no_o inferior_a law_n to_o limit_v it_o the_o father_n of_o a_o family_n govern_v by_o no_o other_o law_n than_o by_o his_o own_o will_n not_o by_o the_o law_n and_o will_n of_o his_o son_n or_o servant_n there_o be_v no_o nation_n that_o allow_v child_n any_o action_n or_o remedy_n for_o be_v unjust_o govern_v and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o every_o father_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o do_v his_o best_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o family_n but_o much_o more_o be_v a_o king_n always_o tie_v by_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o keep_v this_o general_a ground_n that_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v his_o chief_a law_n he_o must_v remember_v that_o the_o profit_n of_o every_o man_n in_o particular_a and_o of_o all_o together_o in_o general_n be_v not_o always_o one_o and_o the_o same_o and_o that_o the_o public_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o private_a and_o that_o the_o force_n of_o law_n must_v not_o be_v so_o great_a as_o natural_a equity_n itself_o which_o can_v full_o be_v comprise_v in_o any_o law_n whatsoever_o but_o be_v to_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o religious_a achievement_n of_o those_o who_o know_v how_o to_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o state_n and_o wise_o to_o balance_n the_o particular_a profit_n with_o the_o counterpoise_n of_o the_o public_a according_a to_o the_o infinite_a variety_n of_o time_n place_n person_n a_o proof_n unanswerable_a for_o the_o superiority_n of_o prince_n above_o law_n be_v this_o that_o there_o be_v king_n long_o before_o there_o be_v any_o law_n for_o a_o long_a time_n the_o word_n of_o a_o king_n be_v the_o only_a law_n and_o if_o practise_v as_o say_v sir_n walter_n raleigh_n declare_v the_o greatness_n of_o authority_n even_o the_o best_a king_n of_o judah_n and_o israel_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o any_o law_n but_o they_o do_v whatsoever_o they_o please_v in_o the_o great_a matter_n 2._o the_o unlimited_a jurisdiction_n of_o king_n be_v so_o ample_o describe_v by_o samuel_n that_o it_o have_v give_v occasion_n to_o some_o to_o imagine_v that_o it_o be_v but_o either_o a_o plot_n or_o trick_n of_o samuel_n to_o keep_v the_o government_n himself_o and_o family_n by_o fright_v the_o israelite_n with_o the_o mischief_n in_o monarchy_n or_o else_o a_o prophetical_a description_n only_o of_o the_o future_a ill_a government_n of_o saul_n but_o the_o vanity_n of_o these_o conjecture_n be_v judicious_o discover_v in_o that_o majestical_a discourse_n of_o the_o true_a law_n of_o free_a monarchy_n wherein_o it_o be_v evident_o show_v that_o the_o scope_n of_o samuel_n be_v to_o teach_v the_o people_n a_o dutiful_a obedience_n to_o their_o king_n even_o in_o those_o thing_n which_o themselves_o do_v esteem_v mischievous_a and_o inconvenient_a for_o by_o tell_v they_o what_o a_o king_n will_v do_v he_o indeed_o instruct_v they_o what_o a_o subject_a must_v suffer_v yet_o not_o so_o that_o it_o be_v right_o for_o king_n to_o do_v injury_n but_o it_o be_v right_o for_o they_o to_o go_v unpunished_a by_o the_o people_n if_o they_o do_v it_o so_o that_o in_o this_o point_n it_o be_v all_o one_o whether_o samuel_n describe_v a_o king_n or_o a_o tyrant_n for_o patient_a obedience_n be_v due_a to_o both_o no_o remedy_n in_o the_o text_n against_o tyrant_n but_o in_o cry_v and_o pray_v unto_o god_n in_o that_o day_n but_o howsoever_o in_o a_o rigorous_a construction_n samuel_n description_n be_v apply_v to_o a_o tyrant_n yet_o the_o word_n by_o a_o benign_a interpretation_n may_v agree_v with_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o just_a king_n and_o the_o scope_n and_o coherence_n of_o the_o text_n do_v best_a imply_v the_o more_o moderate_a or_o qualify_v sense_n of_o the_o word_n for_o as_o sir_n w._n raleigh_n confess_v all_o those_o inconvenience_n and_o misery_n which_o be_v reckon_v by_o samuel_n as_o belong_v to_o kingly_a government_n be_v not_o intolerable_a but_o such_o as_o have_v be_v bear_v and_o be_v still_o bear_v by_o free_a consent_n of_o subject_n towards_o their_o prince_n nay_o at_o this_o day_n and_o in_o this_o land_n many_o tenant_n by_o their_o tenor_n and_o service_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o same_o subjection_n even_o to_o subordinate_a and_o inferior_a lord_n to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n and_o to_o till_o his_o ground_n be_v not_o only_o agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o subject_n but_o much_o desire_v by_o they_o according_a to_o their_o several_a birth_n and_o condition_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v for_o the_o office_n of_o women-servant_n confectioner_n cook_n and_o baker_n for_o
lawful_a king_n as_o to_o any_o conqueror_n or_o usurper_n whatsoever_o whereas_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o high_a power_n some_o have_v strain_v these_o word_n to_o signify_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n or_o else_o to_o mean_v the_o high_a power_n as_o well_o aristocratical_a and_o democratical_a as_o regal_a it_o seem_v st._n paul_n look_v for_o such_o interpretation_n and_o therefore_o think_v fit_a to_o be_v his_o own_o expositor_n and_o to_o let_v it_o be_v know_v that_o by_o power_n he_o understand_v a_o monarch_n that_o carry_v a_o sword_n will_v thou_o not_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o power_n that_o be_v the_o ruler_n that_o carry_v the_o sword_n for_o he_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n to_o thou_o for_o he_o bear_v not_o the_o sword_n in_o vain_a it_o be_v not_o the_o law_n that_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n or_o that_o carry_v the_o sword_n but_o the_o ruler_n or_o magistrate_n so_o they_o that_o say_v the_o law_n govern_v the_o kingdom_n may_v as_o well_o say_v that_o the_o carpenter_n rule_n build_v a_o house_n and_o not_o the_o carpenter_n for_o the_o law_n be_v but_o the_o rule_n or_o instrument_n of_o the_o ruler_n and_o st._n paul_n conclude_v for_o this_o cause_n pay_v you_o tribute_n also_o for_o they_o be_v god_n minister_n attend_v continual_o upon_o this_o very_a thing_n render_v therefore_o tribute_n to_o who_o tribute_n be_v due_a custom_n to_o who_o custom_n he_o do_v not_o say_v give_v as_o a_o gift_n to_o god_n minister_n but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d render_v or_o restore_v tribute_n as_o a_o due_a also_o st._n peter_n do_v most_o clear_o expound_v this_o place_n of_o st._n paul_n where_o he_o say_v submit_v yourselves_o to_o every_o ordinance_n of_o man_n for_o the_o lord_n sake_n whether_o it_o be_v to_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a or_o unto_o governor_n as_o unto_o they_o that_o be_v send_v by_o he_o here_o the_o very_a self_n same_o word_n supreme_a or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o st._n paul_n couple_v with_o power_n st._n peter_n conjoyn_v with_o the_o king_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thereby_o to_o manifest_v that_o king_n and_o power_n be_v both_o one_o also_o st._n peter_n expound_v his_o own_o word_n of_o humane_a ordinance_n to_o be_v the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o lex_fw-la loquens_fw-la a_o speak_a law_n he_o can_v mean_v that_o king_n themselves_o be_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n since_o st._n paul_n call_v the_o supreme_a power_n the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n and_o the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n say_v by_o i_o king_n reign_v but_o his_o meaning_n must_v be_v that_o the_o law_n of_o king_n be_v humane_a ordinance_n next_o the_o governor_n that_o be_v send_v by_o he_o that_o be_v by_o the_o king_n not_o by_o god_n as_o some_o corrupt_o will_v wrest_v the_o text_n to_o justify_v popular_a governor_n as_o authorize_v by_o god_n whereas_o in_o grammatical_a construction_n he_o the_o relative_n must_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o next_o antecedent_n which_o be_v king_n beside_o the_o antithesis_fw-la between_o supreme_a and_o send_v prove_v plain_o that_o the_o governor_n be_v send_v by_o king_n for_o if_o the_o governor_n be_v send_v by_o god_n and_o the_o king_n be_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n than_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o governor_n be_v supreme_a and_o not_o the_o king_n or_o if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o both_o king_n and_o governor_n be_v send_v by_o god_n than_o they_o be_v both_o equal_a and_o so_o neither_o of_o they_o supreme_a therefore_o st._n peter_n mean_v be_v in_o short_a obey_v the_o law_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o his_o minister_n by_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o neither_o st._n peter_n nor_o st._n paul_n intend_v other_o form_n of_o government_n than_o only_o monarchical_a much_o less_o any_o subjection_n of_o prince_n to_o humane_a law_n that_o familiar_a distinction_n of_o the_o schoolman_n whereby_o they_o subject_a king_n to_o the_o directive_n but_o not_o to_o the_o coactive_a power_n of_o law_n be_v a_o confession_n that_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o any_o nation_n since_o the_o compulsory_a power_n of_o law_n be_v that_o which_o proper_o make_v law_n to_o be_v law_n by_o bind_a man_n by_o reward_n or_o punishment_n to_o obedience_n whereas_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o law_n be_v but_o like_o the_o advice_n and_o direction_n which_o the_o king_n council_n give_v the_o king_n which_o no_o man_n say_v be_v a_o law_n to_o the_o king_n 4._o there_o want_v not_o those_o who_o believe_v that_o the_o first_o invention_n of_o law_n be_v to_o bridle_v and_o moderate_v the_o overgreat_a power_n of_o king_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o original_a of_o law_n be_v for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o multitude_n in_o order_n popular_a estate_n can_v not_o subsist_v at_o all_o without_o law_n whereas_o kingdom_n be_v govern_v many_o age_n without_o they_o the_o people_n of_o athens_n assoon_o as_o they_o give_v over_o king_n be_v force_v to_o give_v power_n to_o draco_n first_o then_o to_o solon_n to_o make_v they_o law_n not_o to_o bridle_v king_n but_o themselves_o and_o though_o many_o of_o their_o law_n be_v very_o severe_a and_o bloody_a yet_o for_o the_o reverence_n they_o bear_v to_o their_o lawmaker_n they_o willing_o submit_v to_o they_o nor_o do_v the_o people_n give_v any_o limit_a power_n to_o solon_n but_o a_o absolute_a jurisdiction_n at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o abrogate_v and_o confirm_v what_o he_o think_v fit_a the_o people_n never_o challenge_v any_o such_o power_n to_o themselves_o so_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n give_v to_o the_o ten_o man_n who_o be_v to_o choose_v and_o correct_v their_o law_n for_o the_o twelve_o table_n a_o absolute_a power_n without_o any_o appeal_n to_o the_o people_n 5._o the_o reason_n why_o law_n have_v be_v also_o make_v by_o king_n be_v this_o when_o king_n be_v either_o busy_v with_o war_n or_o distract_v with_o public_a care_n so_o that_o every_o private_a man_n can_v not_o have_v access_n to_o their_o person_n to_o learn_v their_o will_n and_o pleasure_n then_o of_o necessity_n be_v law_n invent_v that_o so_o every_o particular_a subject_n may_v find_v his_o prince_n pleasure_n decipher_v to_o he_o in_o the_o table_n of_o his_o law_n that_o so_o there_o may_v be_v no_o need_n to_o resort_v unto_o the_o king_n but_o either_o for_o the_o interpretation_n or_o mitigation_n of_o obscure_a or_o rigorous_a law_n or_o else_o in_o new_a case_n for_o a_o supplement_n where_o the_o law_n be_v defective_a by_o this_o mean_v both_o king_n and_o people_n be_v in_o many_o thing_n ease_v first_o the_o king_n by_o give_v law_n do_v free_v himself_o of_o great_a and_o intolerable_a trouble_n as_o moses_n do_v himself_o by_o choose_v elder_n second_o the_o people_n have_v the_o law_n as_o a_o familiar_a admonisher_n and_o interpreter_n of_o the_o king_n pleasure_n which_o be_v publish_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n do_v represent_v the_o presence_n and_o majesty_n of_o the_o king_n also_o the_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n who_o help_n in_o give_v judgement_n in_o many_o cause_n king_n have_v need_v to_o use_v be_v restrain_v by_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n from_o use_v their_o own_o liberty_n to_o the_o injury_n of_o other_o since_o they_o be_v to_o judge_v according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o not_o follow_v their_o own_o opinion_n 6._o now_o albeit_o king_n who_o make_v the_o law_n be_v as_o king_n james_n teach_v we_o above_o the_o law_n yet_o will_v they_o rule_v their_o subject_n by_o the_o law_n and_o a_o king_n govern_v in_o a_o settle_a kingdom_n leave_v to_o be_v a_o king_n and_o degenerate_v into_o a_o tyrant_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o seem_v to_o rule_v according_a to_o his_o law_n yet_o where_o he_o see_v the_o law_n rigorous_a or_o doubtful_a he_o may_v mitigate_v and_o interpret_v general_a law_n make_v in_o parliament_n may_v upon_o know_a respect_n to_o the_o king_n by_o his_o authority_n be_v mitigate_v or_o suspend_v upon_o cause_n only_o know_v to_o he_o and_o although_o a_o king_n do_v frame_v all_o his_o action_n to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n yet_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v thereto_o but_o at_o his_o good_a will_n and_o for_o good_a example_n or_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o general_n law_n of_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o common-weal_n do_v natural_o bind_v he_o for_o in_o such_o sort_n only_o positive_a law_n may_v be_v say_v to_o bind_v the_o king_n not_o by_o be_v positive_a but_o as_o they_o be_v natural_o the_o best_a or_o only_o mean_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o this_o mean_n be_v all_o king_n even_o tyrant_n and_o conqueror_n bind_v to_o preserve_v the_o land_n good_n liberty_n and_o live_v of_o all_o their_o subject_n not_o by_o any_o municipial_n law_n of_o the_o land_n so_o
much_o as_o the_o natural_a law_n of_o a_o father_n which_o bind_v they_o to_o ratify_v the_o act_n of_o their_o forefather_n and_o predecessor_n in_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o public_a good_a of_o their_o subject_n 7._o other_o there_o be_v that_o affirm_v that_o although_o law_n of_o themselves_o do_v not_o bind_v king_n yet_o the_o oath_n of_o king_n at_o their_o coronation_n tie_v they_o to_o keep_v all_o the_o law_n of_o their_o kingdom_n how_o far_o this_o be_v true_a let_v we_o but_o examine_v the_o oath_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o their_o coronation_n the_o word_n whereof_o be_v these_o be_v thou_o please_v to_o cause_n to_o be_v administer_v in_o all_o thy_o judgement_n indifferent_a and_o upright_a justice_n and_o to_o use_v discretion_n with_o mercy_n and_o verity_n be_v thou_o please_v that_o our_o upright_a law_n and_o custom_n be_v observe_v and_o do_v thou_o promise_v that_o those_o shall_v be_v protect_v and_o maintain_v by_o thou_o these_o two_o be_v the_o article_n of_o the_o king_n oath_n which_o concern_v the_o laity_n or_o subject_n in_o general_n to_o which_o the_o king_n answer_v affirmative_o be_v first_o demand_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n please_v it_o you_o to_o confirm_v and_o observe_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o ancient_a time_n grant_v from_o god_n by_o just_a and_o devout_a king_n unto_o the_o english_a nation_n by_o oath_n unto_o the_o say_a people_n especial_o the_o law_n liberty_n and_o custom_n grant_v unto_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n by_o the_o famous_a king_n edward_n we_o may_v observe_v in_o these_o word_n of_o the_o article_n of_o the_o oath_n that_o the_o king_n be_v require_v to_o observe_v not_o all_o the_o law_n but_o only_o the_o upright_a and_o that_o with_o discretion_n and_o mercy_n the_o word_n upright_o can_v mean_v all_o law_n because_o in_o the_o oath_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o i_o find_v evil_n and_o unjust_a law_n mention_v which_o the_o king_n swear_v to_o abolish_v and_o in_o the_o old_a abridgement_n of_o statute_n set_v forth_o in_o henry_n the_o eighth_n day_n the_o king_n be_v to_o swear_v whole_o to_o put_v out_o evil_a law_n which_o he_o can_v do_v if_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o all_o law_n now_o what_o law_n be_v upright_a and_o what_o evil_a who_o shall_v judge_v but_o the_o king_n since_o he_o swear_v to_o administer_v upright_a justice_n with_o discretion_n and_o mercy_n or_o as_o bracton_n have_v it_o aequitatem_fw-la praecipiat_fw-la &_o misericordiam_fw-la so_o that_o in_o effect_n the_o king_n do_v swear_v to_o keep_v no_o law_n but_o such_o as_o in_o his_o judgement_n be_v upright_o and_o those_o not_o literal_o always_o but_o according_a to_o equity_n of_o his_o conscience_n join_v with_o mercy_n which_o be_v proper_o the_o office_n of_o a_o chancellor_n rather_o than_o of_o a_o judge_n and_o if_o a_o king_n do_v strict_o swear_v to_o observe_v all_o the_o law_n he_o can_v not_o without_o perjury_n give_v his_o consent_n to_o the_o repeal_n or_o abrogate_a of_o any_o statute_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o will_v be_v very_o mischievable_a to_o the_o state_n but_o let_v it_o be_v suppose_v for_o truth_n that_o king_n do_v swear_v to_o observe_v all_o the_o law_n of_o their_o kingdom_n yet_o no_o man_n can_v think_v it_o reason_n that_o king_n shall_v be_v more_o bind_v by_o their_o voluntary_a oath_n than_o common_a person_n be_v by_o they_o now_o if_o a_o private_a person_n make_v a_o contract_n either_o with_o oath_n or_o without_o oath_n he_o be_v no_o further_o bind_v than_o the_o equity_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o contract_n tie_v he_o for_o a_o man_n may_v have_v relief_n against_o a_o unreasonable_a and_o unjust_a promise_n if_o either_o deceit_n or_o error_n or_o force_v or_o fear_v induce_v he_o thereunto_o or_o if_o it_o be_v hurtful_a or_o grievous_a in_o the_o performance_n since_o the_o law_n in_o many_o case_n give_v the_o king_n a_o prerogative_n above_o common_a person_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o he_o shall_v be_v deny_v the_o privilege_n which_o the_o mean_a of_o his_o subject_n do_v enjoy_v here_o be_v a_o fit_a place_n to_o examine_v a_o question_n which_o some_o have_v move_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o sin_n for_o a_o subject_a to_o disobey_v the_o king_n if_o he_o command_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o his_o law_n for_o satisfaction_n in_o this_o point_n we_o must_v resolve_v that_o not_o only_o in_o humane_a law_n but_o even_o in_o divine_a a_o thing_n may_v be_v command_v contrary_a to_o law_n and_o yet_o obedience_n to_o such_o a_o command_n be_v necessary_a the_o sanctify_a of_o the_o sabbath_n be_v a_o divine_a law_n yet_o if_o a_o master_n command_v his_o servant_n not_o to_o go_v to_o church_n upon_o a_o sabbath-day_n the_o best_a divine_n teach_v we_o that_o the_o servant_n must_v obey_v this_o command_n though_o it_o may_v be_v sinful_a and_o unlawful_a in_o the_o master_n because_o the_o servant_n have_v no_o authority_n or_o liberty_n to_o examine_v and_o judge_v whether_o his_o master_n sin_n or_o no_o in_o so_o command_v for_o there_o may_v be_v a_o just_a cause_n for_o a_o master_n to_o keep_v his_o servant_n from_o church_n as_o appear_v luke_o 14.5_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o tie_v the_o master_n to_o acquaint_v his_o servant_n with_o his_o secret_a counsel_n or_o present_a necessity_n and_o in_o such_o case_n the_o servant_n be_v not_o go_v to_o church_n become_v the_o sin_n of_o the_o master_n and_o not_o of_o the_o servant_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o king_n be_v command_v a_o man_n to_o serve_v he_o in_o the_o war_n he_o may_v not_o examine_v whether_o the_o war_n be_v just_a or_o unjust_a but_o must_v obey_v since_o he_o have_v no_o commission_n to_o judge_n of_o the_o title_n of_o kingdom_n or_o cause_n of_o war_n nor_o have_v any_o subject_a power_n to_o condemn_v his_o king_n for_o breach_n of_o his_o own_o law_n 8._o many_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o say_v it_o be_v a_o slavish_a and_o dangerous_a condition_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o will_n of_o any_o one_o man_n who_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o law_n but_o such_o man_n consider_v not_o 1._o that_o the_o prerogative_n of_o a_o king_n be_v to_o be_v above_o all_o law_n for_o the_o good_a only_o of_o they_o that_o be_v under_o the_o law_n and_o to_o defend_v the_o people_n liberty_n as_o his_o majesty_n gracious_o affirm_v in_o his_o speech_n after_o his_o last_o answer_n to_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n howsoever_o some_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o name_n of_o prerogative_n yet_o they_o may_v assure_v themselves_o the_o case_n of_o subject_n will_v be_v desperate_o miserable_a without_o it_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n itself_o be_v but_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n to_o relieve_v man_n against_o the_o inexorable_a rigour_n of_o the_o law_n which_o without_o it_o be_v no_o better_a than_o a_o tyrant_n since_o summum_fw-la jus_fw-la be_v summa_fw-la injuria_fw-la general_a pardon_n at_o the_o coronation_n and_o in_o parliament_n be_v but_o the_o bounty_n of_o the_o prerogative_n 2._o there_o can_v be_v no_o law_n without_o a_o supreme_a power_n to_o command_v or_o make_v they_o in_o all_o aristocraty_n the_o noble_n be_v above_o the_o law_n and_o in_o all_o democraty_n the_o people_n by_o the_o like_a reason_n in_o a_o monarchy_n the_o king_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v above_o the_o law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o sovereign_a majesty_n in_o he_o that_o be_v under_o they_o that_o which_o give_v the_o very_a be_v to_o a_o king_n be_v the_o power_n to_o give_v law_n without_o this_o power_n he_o be_v but_o a_o equivocal_a king_n it_o skill_v not_o which_o way_n king_n come_v by_o their_o power_n whether_o by_o election_n donation_n succession_n or_o by_o any_o other_o mean_n for_o it_o be_v still_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o government_n by_o supreme_a power_n that_o make_v they_o proper_o king_n and_o not_o the_o mean_n of_o obtain_v their_o crown_n neither_o do_v the_o diversity_n of_o law_n nor_o contrary_a custom_n whereby_o each_o kingdom_n differ_v from_o another_o make_v the_o form_n of_o common-weal_n different_a unless_o the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n be_v in_o several_a subject_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o point_n aristotle_n say_v that_o a_o perfect_a kingdom_n be_v that_o wherein_o the_o king_n rule_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n for_o he_o that_o be_v call_v a_o king_n according_a to_o the_o law_n make_v no_o kind_n of_o kingdom_n at_o all_o this_o it_o seem_v also_o the_o roman_n well_o understand_v to_o be_v most_o necessary_a in_o a_o monarchy_n for_o though_o they_o be_v a_o people_n most_o greedy_a of_o liberty_n yet_o the_o senate_n do_v free_a augustus_n from_o all_o necessity_n of_o law_n that_o he_o
king_n edgar_n in_o these_o word_n as_o i_o find_v they_o in_o mr._n lambert_n nemo_n in_o light_fw-la regem_fw-la appellato_fw-la nisi_fw-la quidem_fw-la domi_fw-la justitiam_fw-la consequi_fw-la aut_fw-la impetrare_fw-la non_fw-la poterit_fw-la sin_n summo_fw-la jure_fw-la domi_fw-la urgeatur_fw-la ad_fw-la regem_fw-la ut_fw-la be_v onus_fw-la aliqua_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la allevet_fw-la provocato_fw-la let_v no_o man_n in_o suit_n appeal_v to_o the_o king_n unless_o he_o may_v not_o get_v right_o at_o home_n but_o if_o the_o right_n be_v too_o heavy_a for_o he_o then_o let_v he_o go_v to_o the_o king_n to_o have_v it_o ease_v as_o the_o judicial_a power_n of_o king_n be_v exercise_v before_o the_o conquest_n so_o in_o those_o settle_a time_n after_o the_o conquest_n wherein_o parliament_n be_v much_o in_o use_n there_o be_v a_o high-court_n follow_v the_o king_n which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o sovereign_a justice_n both_o for_o matter_n of_o law_n and_o conscience_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o a_o parliament_n in_o edward_n the_o first_o be_v time_n take_v order_n that_o the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n shall_v follow_v the_o king_n to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v have_v always_o at_o hand_n able_a man_n for_o his_o direction_n in_o suit_n that_o come_v before_o he_o and_o this_o be_v after_o the_o time_n that_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n be_v make_v stationary_a which_o be_v a_o evidence_n that_o the_o king_n reserve_v a_o sovereign_a power_n by_o which_o he_o do_v supply_v the_o want_n or_o correct_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o common_a law_n because_o the_o positive_a law_n be_v ground_v upon_o that_o which_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n can_v foresee_v every_o particular_a which_o time_n and_o experience_n bring_v forth_o 12._o therefore_o though_o the_o common_a law_n be_v general_o good_a and_o just_a yet_o in_o some_o special_a case_n it_o may_v need_v correction_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o considerable_a circumstance_n fall_v out_o which_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o law-making_a be_v not_o think_v of_o also_o sundry_a thing_n do_v fall_v out_o both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n that_o require_v extraordinary_a help_n and_o can_v wait_v for_o the_o usual_a care_n of_o common_a law_n the_o which_o be_v not_o perform_v but_o altogether_o after_o one_o sort_n and_o that_o not_o without_o delay_n of_o help_n and_o expense_n of_o time_n so_o that_o although_o all_o cause_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o ordinary_a process_n of_o common_a law_n yet_o rare_a matter_n from_o time_n to_o time_n do_v grow_v up_o meet_v for_o just_a reason_n to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o absolute_a authority_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la have_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o institution_n then_o make_v of_o the_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n in_o common_a cause_n and_o not_o for_o restraint_n of_o the_o absolute_a authority_n serve_v only_o 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out_o of_o chancery_n or_o by_o privy_a seal_n to_o appear_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n to_o answer_v touch_v freehold_n the_o king_n answer_n be_v he_o think_v it_o not_o reasonable_a that_o he_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o send_v for_o his_o liege_n upon_o cause_n reasonable_a and_o albeit_o he_o do_v not_o purpose_n that_o such_o as_o be_v send_v for_o shall_v answer_v finalment_n peremptory_o touch_v their_o freehold_n but_o shall_v be_v remand_v for_o trial_n thereof_o as_o law_n require_v provide_v always_o say_v he_o that_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o party_n where_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n shall_v be_v credible_o inform_v that_o because_o of_o maintenance_n oppression_n or_o other_o outrage_n the_o common_a law_n can_v have_v due_o her_o course_n in_o such_o case_n the_o counsel_n for_o the_o party_n also_o in_o the_o 13_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n when_o the_o commons_o do_v pray_v that_o upon_o pain_n of_o forfeiture_n the_o chancellor_n or_o council_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o after_o the_o end_n of_o the_o parliament_n make_v any_o ordinance_n against_o the_o common_a law_n the_o king_n answer_v let_v it_o be_v use_v as_o it_o have_v be_v use_v before_o this_o time_n so_o as_o the_o regality_n of_o the_o king_n be_v save_v for_o the_o king_n will_v save_v his_o regality_n as_o his_o progenitor_n have_v do_v again_o in_o the_o 4_o the_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o when_o the_o commons_o complain_v against_o subpaena_n &_o other_o writ_n ground_v upon_o false_a suggestion_n the_o king_n answer_v that_o he_o will_v give_v in_o charge_n to_o his_o officer_n that_o they_o shall_v abstain_v more_o than_o before_o time_n they_o have_v to_o send_v for_o his_o subject_n in_o that_o manner_n but_o yet_o say_v he_o it_o be_v not_o our_o intention_n that_o our_o officer_n shall_v so_o abstain_v that_o they_o may_v not_o send_v for_o our_o subject_n in_o matter_n and_o cause_n necessary_a as_o it_o have_v be_v use_v 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information_n in_o matter_n of_o weight_n the_o king_n regality_n or_o prerogative_n in_o send_v for_o his_o subject_n be_v maintain_v as_o of_o right_o it_o ought_v and_o in_o former_a time_n have_v be_v constant_o use_v king_n edward_n the_o first_o find_v that_o bogo_n de_fw-fr clare_n be_v discharge_v of_o a_o accusation_n bring_v against_o he_o in_o parliament_n for_o that_o some_o formal_a imperfection_n be_v find_v in_o the_o complaint_n command_v he_o nevertheless_o to_o appear_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o recipiendum_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o ejus_fw-la concilium_fw-la fuerit_fw-la faciendum_fw-la and_o so_o proceed_v to_o a_o examination_n of_o the_o whole_a cause_n 8._o edw._n 1._o edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o star-chamber_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a council-chamber_n at_o westminster_n upon_o the_o complaint_n of_o elizabeth_n audley_n command_v james_n audley_n to_o
appear_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n and_o determine_v a_o controversy_n between_o they_o touch_v land_n contain_v in_o the_o covenant_n of_o her_o jointure_n rot._n claus_n de_fw-fr a_fw-fr 41._o ed._n 3._o henry_n the_o five_o in_o a_o suit_n before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n for_o the_o title_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o sere_a and_o s._n laurence_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o thenet_n in_o kent_n take_v order_n for_o sequester_v the_o profit_n till_o the_o right_n be_v try_v as_o well_o for_o avoid_v the_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n as_o for_o prevention_n of_o waste_n and_o spoil_v rot._n patin_n anno_fw-la 6._o hen._n 5._o henry_n the_o six_o command_v the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n to_o stay_v the_o arraignment_n of_o one_o verney_n of_o london_n till_o they_o have_v other_o commandment_n from_o he_o and_o his_o council_n because_o verney_n be_v indebt_v to_o the_o king_n and_o other_o practise_v to_o be_v indict_v of_o felony_n wherein_o he_o may_v have_v his_o clergy_n and_o make_v his_o purgation_n of_o intent_n to_o defraud_v his_o creditor_n 34._o hen._n 6_o rot._n 37._o in_o banco_n regis_fw-la edward_n the_o four_o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n hear_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o master_n and_o poor_a brethren_n of_o s._n leonard_n in_o york_n complain_v that_o sir_n huge_a hastings_n and_o other_o withdraw_v from_o they_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o live_n which_o consist_v chief_o upon_o the_o have_v of_o a_o thrave_a of_o corn_n of_o every_o ploughland_n within_o the_o county_n of_o york_n westmoreland_n cumberland_n and_o lancashire_n rot._n paten_n de_fw-fr anno_fw-la 8_o ed._n 4._o part_v 3_o memb._n 14._o henry_n the_o seven_o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n decree_v that_o margery_n and_o florence_n becket_n shall_v sue_v no_o further_o in_o their_o cause_n against_o alice_n radley_n widow_n for_o land_n in_o wolwich_n and_o plumstead_n in_o kent_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v hear_v 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though_o the_o name_n of_o parliament_n as_o mr._n cambden_n say_v be_v of_o no_o great_a antiquity_n but_o bring_v in_o out_o of_o france_n yet_o our_o ancestor_n the_o english_a saxon_n have_v a_o meeting_n which_o they_o call_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o wise_a term_v in_o latin_a conventum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la or_o praesentia_fw-la regis_fw-la procerumque_fw-la prelaterumque_fw-la collectorum_fw-la the_o meeting_n of_o the_o nobility_n or_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n prelate_n and_o peer_n assemble_v or_o in_o general_n magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la and_o many_o of_o our_o king_n in_o elder_a time_n make_v use_v of_o such_o great_a assembly_n for_o to_o consult_v of_o important_a affair_n of_o state_n all_o which_o meeting_n in_o a_o general_n sense_n may_v be_v term_v parliament_n great_a be_v the_o advantage_n which_o both_o the_o king_n and_o people_n may_v receive_v by_o a_o well-ordered_a parliament_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o express_v the_o majesty_n and_o supreme_a power_n of_o a_o king_n than_o such_o a_o assembly_n wherein_o all_o his_o people_n acknowledge_v he_o for_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o make_v all_o their_o address_n to_o he_o by_o humble_a petition_n and_o supplication_n and_o by_o their_o consent_n and_o approbation_n do_v strengthen_v all_o the_o law_n which_o the_o king_n at_o their_o request_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n and_o ministry_n shall_v ordain_v thus_o they_o facilitate_v the_o government_n of_o the_o king_n by_o make_v the_o law_n unquestionable_a either_o to_o the_o subordinate_a magistrate_n or_o refractory_a multitude_n the_o benefit_n which_o accrue_v to_o the_o subject_a by_o parliament_n be_v that_o by_o their_o prayer_n and_o petition_n king_n be_v draw_v many_o time_n to_o redress_v their_o just_a grievance_n and_o be_v overcome_v by_o their_o importunity_n to_o grant_v many_o thing_n which_o otherwise_o they_o will_v not_o yield_v unto_o for_o the_o voice_n of_o a_o multitude_n be_v easy_o hear_v many_o vexation_n of_o the_o people_n be_v without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o king_n who_o in_o parliament_n see_v and_o hear_v his_o people_n himself_o whereas_o at_o other_o time_n he_o common_o use_v the_o eye_n and_o ear_n of_o other_o men._n against_o the_o antiquity_n of_o parliament_n we_o need_v not_o dispute_v since_o the_o more_o ancient_a they_o be_v the_o more_o they_o make_v for_o the_o honour_n of_o monarchy_n yet_o there_o be_v certain_a circumstance_n touch_v the_o form_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v consider_v first_o we_o be_v to_o remember_v that_o until_o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conquest_n there_o can_v be_v no_o parliament_n assemble_v of_o the_o general_a state_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o england_n because_o till_o those_o day_n we_o can_v learn_v it_o be_v entire_o unite_v into_o one_o kingdom_n but_o it_o be_v either_o divide_v into_o several_a kingdom_n or_o govern_v by_o several_a law_n when_o julius_n caesar_n land_v he_o find_v 4_o king_n in_o kent_n and_o the_o british_a name_n of_o dammonii_fw-la durotriges_n belgae_n attrebatii_n trinobantes_n iceni_n silures_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v plentiful_a testimony_n of_o the_o several_a kingdom_n of_o britain_n when_o the_o roman_n leave_v we_o the_o saxon_n divide_v we_o into_o 7_o kingdom_n when_o these_o saxon_n be_v unite_v all_o into_o a_o monarchy_n they_o have_v always_o the_o dane_n their_o companion_n or_o their_o master_n in_o the_o empire_n till_o edward_n the_o confessor_n day_n since_o who_o time_n the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n have_v continue_v unite_v as_o now_o it_o do_v but_o for_o a_o thousand_o year_n before_o we_o can_v find_v it_o be_v entire_o settle_v during_o the_o time_n of_o any_o one_o king_n reign_n as_o under_o the_o mercian_n law_n the_o west_n saxon_n be_v confine_v to_o the_o saxon_a law_n essex_n norfolk_n suffolk_z and_o some_o other_o place_n be_v vex_v with_o danish_a law_n the_o northumbrian_n also_o have_v their_o law_n apart_o and_o until_o edward_n the_o confessor_n reign_n who_o be_v next_o but_o one_o before_o the_o conqueror_n the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v so_o several_a and_o uncertain_a that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o cull_v a_o few_o of_o the_o most_o indifferent_a and_o best_a of_o they_o which_o be_v from_o he_o call_v st._n edward_n law_n yet_o some_o say_v that_o edgar_n make_v those_o law_n and_o that_o the_o confessor_n do_v but_o restore_v and_o mend_v they_o alfred_n also_o gather_v out_o of_o mulmutius_n law_n such_o as_o he_o translate_v into_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n thus_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n the_o law_n be_v so_o variable_a that_o there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o likelihood_n to_o find_v any_o constant_a form_n of_o parliament_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n 13_o a_o second_o point_v considerable_a be_v whether_o in_o such_o parliament_n as_o be_v in_o the_o saxon_n time_n the_o nobility_n and_o clergy_n only_o be_v of_o those_o assembly_n or_o whether_o the_o commons_o be_v also_o call_v some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o though_o none_o of_o the_o saxon_a law_n do_v mention_v the_o commons_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v gather_v by_o the_o word_n wiseman_n the_o commons_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v of_o those_o assembly_n and_o they_o bring_v as_o they_o conceive_v probable_a argument_n to_o prove_v it_o from_o the_o antiquity_n of_o some_o burrough_n that_o do_v yet_o send_v burgess_n and_o from_o the_o proscription_n of_o those_o in_o ancient_n demesne_n not_o to_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o westsaxon_n have_v a_o custom_n to_o assemble_v burgess_n out_o of_o some_o of_o their_o town_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o other_o kingdom_n have_v the_o same_o usage_n but_o sure_o it_o be_v that_o during_o the_o heptarchy_n the_o people_n can_v not_o elect_a any_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n because_o england_n be_v
not_o then_o divide_v into_o shire_n on_o the_o contrary_a there_o be_v of_o our_o historian_n who_o do_v affirm_v that_o henry_n the_o first_o cause_v the_o commons_o first_o to_o be_v assemble_v by_o knight_n and_o burgess_n of_o their_o own_o appointment_n for_o before_o his_o time_n only_o certain_a of_o the_o nobility_n and_o prelate_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v call_v to_o consultation_n about_o the_o most_o important_a affair_n of_o state_n if_o this_o assertion_n be_v true_a it_o seem_v a_o mere_a matter_n of_o grace_n of_o this_o king_n and_o prove_v not_o any_o natural_a right_n of_o the_o people_n original_o to_o be_v admit_v to_o choose_v their_o knight_n and_o burgess_n of_o parliament_n though_o it_o have_v be_v more_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o parliament_n if_o a_o king_n who_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n have_v be_v better_a have_v be_v author_n of_o the_o form_n of_o it_o because_o he_o make_v use_v of_o it_o for_o his_o unjust_a ends._n for_o thereby_o he_o secure_v himself_o against_o his_o competitor_n and_o elder_a brother_n by_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o the_o nobility_n in_o parliament_n and_o get_v the_o crown_n to_o be_v settle_v upon_o his_o child_n and_o as_o the_o king_n make_v use_v of_o the_o people_n so_o they_o by_o colour_n of_o parliament_n serve_v their_o own_o turn_n for_o after_o the_o establishment_n of_o parliament_n by_o strong_a hand_n and_o by_o the_o sword_n they_o draw_v from_o he_o the_o great_a charter_n which_o he_o grant_v the_o rather_o to_o flatter_v the_o nobility_n and_o people_n as_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n in_o his_o dialogue_n of_o parliament_n do_v affirm_v in_o these_o word_n the_o great_a charter_n be_v not_o original_o grant_v legal_o and_o free_o for_o henry_n the_o first_o do_v but_o usurp_v the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o the_o better_a to_o assure_v himself_o against_o robert_n his_o elder_a brother_n he_o flatter_v the_o nobility_n and_o people_n with_o their_o charter_n yea_o king_n john_n that_o confirm_v they_o have_v the_o like_a respect_n for_o arthur_n duke_n of_o britain_n be_v the_o undoubted_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n upon_o who_o king_n john_n usurp_v and_o so_o to_o conclude_v these_o charter_n have_v their_o original_a from_o king_n de_fw-la facto_fw-la but_o not_o the_o jure_fw-la the_o great_a charter_n have_v first_o a_o obscure_a birth_n by_o usurpation_n and_o be_v second_o foster_v and_o show_v to_o the_o world_n by_o rebellion_n 15._o a_o three_o consideration_n must_v be_v that_o in_o the_o former_a parliament_n institute_v and_o continue_v since_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o be_v time_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v the_o usage_n of_o any_o natural_a liberty_n of_o the_o people_n for_o all_o those_o liberty_n that_o be_v claim_v in_o parliament_n be_v the_o liberty_n of_o grace_n from_o the_o king_n and_o not_o the_o liberty_n of_o nature_n to_o the_o people_n for_o if_o the_o liberty_n be_v natural_a it_o will_v give_v power_n to_o the_o multitude_n to_o assemble_v themselves_o when_o and_o where_o they_o please_v to_o bestow_v sovereignty_n and_o by_o paction_n to_o limit_n and_o direct_v the_o exercise_n of_o it_o whereas_o the_o liberty_n of_o favour_n and_o grace_n which_o be_v claim_v in_o parliament_n be_v restrain_v both_o for_o time_n place_v person_n and_o other_o circumstance_n to_o the_o sole_a pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n the_o people_n can_v assemble_v themselves_o but_o the_o king_n by_o his_o writ_n call_v they_o to_o what_o place_n he_o please_v and_o then_o again_o scatter_v they_o with_o his_o breath_n at_o a_o instant_n without_o any_o other_o cause_o show_v than_o his_o will._n neither_o be_v the_o whole_a summon_v but_o only_o so_o many_o as_o the_o king_n writ_n appoint_v the_o prudent_a king_n edward_n the_o first_o summon_v always_o those_o baron_n of_o ancient_a family_n that_o be_v most_o wise_a to_o his_o parliament_n but_o omit_v their_o son_n after_o their_o death_n if_o they_o be_v not_o answerable_a to_o their_o parent_n in_o understanding_n nor_o have_v the_o whole_a people_n voice_n in_o the_o election_n of_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n or_o burgess_n but_o only_a freeholder_n in_o the_o county_n and_o freeman_n in_o the_o city_n and_o burrough_n yet_o in_o the_o city_n of_o westminster_n all_o the_o householder_n though_o they_o be_v neither_o freeman_n nor_o freeholders_n have_v voice_n in_o their_o election_n of_o burgess_n also_o during_o the_o time_n of_o parliament_n those_o privilege_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o of_o freedom_n of_o speech_n power_n to_o punish_v their_o own_o member_n to_o examine_v the_o proceed_n and_o demeanour_n of_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o officer_n to_o have_v access_n to_o the_o king_n person_n and_o the_o like_a be_v not_o due_a by_o any_a natural_a right_n but_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o bounty_n or_o indulgence_n of_o the_o king_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o solemn_a recognition_n of_o the_o house_n for_o at_o the_o open_n of_o the_o parliament_n when_o the_o speaker_n be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n he_o in_o the_o behalf_n and_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a house_n of_o commons_o humble_o crave_v of_o his_o majesty_n that_o he_o will_v be_v please_v to_o grant_v they_o their_o accustom_a liberty_n of_o freedom_n of_o speech_n of_o access_n to_o his_o person_n and_o the_o rest_n these_o privilege_n be_v grant_v with_o a_o condition_n employ_v that_o they_o keep_v themselves_o within_o the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o loyalty_n and_o obedience_n for_o else_o why_o do_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o inflict_v punishment_n themselves_o upon_o their_o own_o member_n for_o transgress_v in_o some_o of_o these_o point_n and_o the_o king_n as_o head_n have_v many_o time_n punish_v the_o member_n for_o the_o like_a offence_n the_o power_n which_o the_o king_n give_v in_o all_o his_o court_n to_o his_o judge_n or_o other_o to_o punish_v do_v not_o exclude_v he_o from_o do_v the_o like_a by_o way_n of_o prevention_n concurrence_n or_o evocation_n even_o in_o the_o same_o point_n which_o he_o have_v give_v in_o charge_n by_o a_o delegated_a power_n for_o they_o who_o give_v authority_n by_o commission_n do_v always_o retain_v more_o than_o they_o grant_v neither_o of_o the_o two_o house_n claim_v a_o infallibility_n of_o not_o err_v no_o more_o than_o a_o general_n council_n can_v it_o be_v not_o impossible_a but_o that_o the_o great_a may_v be_v in_o fault_n or_o at_o least_o interest_v or_o engage_v in_o the_o delinquency_n of_o one_o particular_a member_n in_o such_o case_n it_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o the_o head_n to_o correct_v and_o not_o to_o expect_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o member_n or_o for_o the_o party_n peccant_a to_o be_v their_o own_o judge_n nor_o be_v it_o needful_a to_o confine_v the_o king_n in_o such_o case_n within_o the_o circle_n of_o any_o one_o court_n of_o justice_n who_o be_v supreme_a judge_n in_o all_o court_n and_o in_o rare_a and_o new_a case_n rare_a and_o new_a remedy_n must_v be_v seek_v out_o for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n in_o novo_fw-la casu_fw-la novum_fw-la remedium_fw-la est_fw-la apponendum_fw-la and_o the_o statute_n of_o westminst_n 2._o cap._n 24._o give_v power_n even_o to_o the_o clark_n of_o the_o chancery_n to_o make_v new_a form_n of_o writ_n in_o new_a case_n lest_o any_o man_n that_o come_v to_o the_o king_n court_n of_o chancery_n for_o help_n shall_v be_v send_v away_o without_o remedy_n a_o precedent_n can_v be_v find_v in_o every_o case_n and_o of_o thing_n that_o happen_v seldom_o and_o be_v not_o common_a there_o can_v be_v a_o common_a custom_n though_o crime_n exorbitant_a do_v pose_v the_o king_n and_o council_n in_o find_v a_o precedent_n for_o a_o condign_a punishment_n yet_o they_o must_v not_o therefore_o pass_v unpunished_a i_o have_v not_o hear_v that_o the_o people_n by_o who_o voice_n the_o knight_n and_o burgess_n be_v choose_v do_v ever_o call_v to_o a_o account_n those_o who_o they_o have_v elect_v they_o neither_o give_v they_o instruction_n or_o direction_n what_o to_o say_v or_o what_o to_o do_v in_o parliament_n therefore_o they_o can_v punish_v they_o when_o they_o come_v home_o for_o do_v amiss_o if_o the_o people_n have_v any_o such_o power_n over_o their_o burgess_n than_o we_o may_v call_v it_o the_o natural_a liberty_n of_o the_o people_n with_o a_o mischief_n but_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o punish_v that_o they_o may_v be_v punish_v themselves_o for_o intermeddle_v with_o parliamentary_a business_n they_o must_v only_o choose_v and_o trust_v those_o who_o they_o choose_v to_o do_v what_o they_o list_v and_o that_o be_v as_o much_o liberty_n as_o many_o of_o we_o deserve_v for_o our_o irregular_a election_n of_o burgess_n 15_o a_o four_o point_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v that_o in_o parliament_n all_o statute_n or_o law_n be_v make_v proper_o by_o
3d_o rich._n 2._o the_o three_o henries_n 4_o 5_o 6._o in_o edw._n 4._o and_o rich._n 3._o day_n be_v the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o at_o the_o petition_n or_o at_o the_o special_a instance_n of_o the_o commons_o do_v ordain_v the_o same_o mr._n fuller_n say_v that_o the_o statute_n make_v against_o lollard_n be_v without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o commons_o as_o appear_v by_o their_o petition_n in_o these_o word_n the_o commons_o beseech_v that_o whereas_o a_o statute_n be_v make_v in_o the_o last_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v never_o assent_v nor_o grant_v by_o the_o commons_o but_o that_o which_o be_v do_v therein_o be_v do_v without_o their_o assent_n 17._o how_o far_o the_o king_n council_n have_v direct_v and_o sway_v in_o parliament_n have_v in_o part_n appear_v by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o produce_v for_o further_a evidence_n we_o may_v add_v the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o first_o which_o say_v these_o be_v the_o act_n of_o king_n edw._n 1._o make_v at_o his_o first_o parliament_n general_n by_o his_o council_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n etc._n etc._n the_o statute_n of_o bygamy_n say_v in_o presence_n of_o certain_a reverend_a father_n bishop_n of_o england_n and_o other_o of_o the_o king_n council_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o the_o king_n council_n as_o well_o justice_n as_o other_o do_v agree_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v put_v in_o writing_n and_o observe_v the_o statute_n of_o acton_n bunnel_n say_v the_o king_n for_o himself_o and_o by_o his_o council_n have_v ordain_v and_o establish_v in_o articuli_fw-la super_fw-la chartas_n when_o the_o great_a charter_n be_v confirm_v at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n we_o find_v these_o passage_n 1._o nevertheless_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n do_v not_o intend_v by_o reason_n of_o this_o statute_n to_o diminish_v the_o king_n right_a etc._n etc._n 2._o and_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o thing_n beforementioned_a or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n and_o all_o they_o that_o be_v present_a at_o the_o make_n of_o this_o ordinance_n will_n and_o intend_v that_o the_o right_n and_o prerogative_n of_o his_o crown_n shall_v be_v save_v to_o he_o in_o all_o thing_n here_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o same_o parliament_n the_o charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n confirm_v and_o a_o save_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n those_o time_n neither_o stumble_v at_o the_o name_n nor_o conceive_v any_o such_o antipathy_n between_o the_o term_n as_o shall_v make_v they_o incompatible_a the_o statute_n of_o escheator_n have_v this_o title_n at_o the_o parliament_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n by_o his_o council_n it_o be_v agree_v and_o also_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o command_v and_o the_o ordinance_n of_o inquest_n go_v thus_o it_o be_v agree_v and_o ordain_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o all_o his_o council_n the_o statute_n make_v at_o york_n 9_o edw._n 3._o say_v whereas_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n desire_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n in_o his_o parliament_n by_o their_o petition_n that_o for_o his_o profit_n and_o the_o commodity_n of_o his_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o commons_o it_o may_v please_v he_o to_o provide_v remedy_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n desire_v the_o profit_n of_o his_o people_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o noble_n of_o his_o council_n be_v there_o have_v ordain_v in_o the_o parliament_n primo_fw-la edwardi_fw-la the_o three_o where_o magna_n charta_n be_v confirm_v i_o find_v this_o preamble_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commonalty_n by_o their_o petition_n make_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n in_o parliament_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o great_a man_n assemble_v it_o be_v grant_v the_o commons_o present_v a_o petition_n unto_o the_o king_n which_o the_o king_n council_n do_v mislike_v be_v content_a thereupon_o to_o mend_v and_o explain_v their_o petition_n the_o form_n of_o which_o petition_n be_v in_o these_o word_n to_o their_o most_o redoubt_a sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n pray_v the_o say_a commons_o that_o whereas_o they_o have_v pray_v he_o to_o be_v discharge_v all_o manner_n of_o article_n of_o the_o eyre_n etc._n etc._n which_o petition_n seem_v to_o his_o council_n to_o be_v prejudicial_a unto_o he_o and_o in_o disinherison_n of_o his_o crown_n if_o it_o be_v so_o general_o grant_v his_o say_a commons_o not_o willing_a nor_o desire_v to_o demand_v thing_n of_o he_o which_o shall_v fall_v in_o disinherison_n of_o he_o or_o his_o crown_n perpetual_o as_o of_o escheator_n etc._n etc._n but_o of_o trespass_n misprision_n negligence_n and_o ignorances_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o a_o order_n or_o provision_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n council_n and_o it_o be_v plead_v at_o the_o common_a law_n in_o bar_n to_o a_o writ_n of_o dower_n the_o plaintiff_n attorney_n can_v not_o deny_v it_o and_o thereupon_o the_o judgement_n be_v ideo_fw-la sine_fw-la die_fw-la it_o seem_v in_o those_o day_n a_o order_n of_o the_o council-board_n be_v either_o parcel_n of_o the_o common-law_n or_o above_o it_o the_o reverend_a judge_n have_v have_v regard_n in_o their_o proceed_n that_o before_o they_o will_v resolve_v or_o give_v judgement_n in_o new_a case_n they_o consult_v with_o the_o king_n privy-council_n in_o the_o case_n of_o adam_n brabson_n who_o be_v assault_v by_o r._n w._n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n at_o westminster_n the_o judge_n will_v have_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o king_n council_n for_o in_o a_o like_a case_n because_o r._n c._n do_v strike_v a_o juror_n at_o westminster_n which_o pass_v in_o a_o inquest_n against_o one_o of_o his_o friend_n it_o be_v adjudge_v by_o all_o the_o council_n that_o his_o right_a hand_n shall_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o his_o land_n and_o good_n forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n green_n and_o thorp_n be_v send_v by_o judge_n of_o the_o bench_n to_o the_o king_n council_n to_o demand_v of_o they_o whether_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 14._o ed._n 3._o cap._n 16._o a_o word_n may_v be_v amend_v in_o a_o writ_n and_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o a_o word_n may_v well_o be_v amend_v although_o the_o statute_n speak_v but_o of_o a_o letter_n or_o syllable_n in_o the_o case_n of_o sir_n tho._n oghtred_a knight_n who_o bring_v a_o formedon_n against_o a_o poor_a man_n and_o his_o wife_n they_o come_v and_o yield_v to_o the_o demandant_n which_o seem_v suspicious_a to_o the_o court_n whereupon_o judgement_n be_v stay_v and_o thorp_n say_v that_o in_o the_o like_a case_n of_o giles_n blacket_n it_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o parliament_n and_o we_o be_v command_v that_o when_o any_o like_a case_n shall_v come_v we_o shall_v not_o go_v to_o judgement_n without_o good_a advice_n therefore_o the_o judge_n conclusion_n be_v sue_v au_fw-fr counseil_fw-fr &_o comment_v ill_n voillet_n que_fw-fr nous_fw-fr devomus_fw-la fair_a nous_fw-fr volume_n fair_a &_o auterment_n nient_a en_fw-fr cest_fw-fr case_n sue_v to_o the_o council_n and_o as_o they_o will_v have_v we_o to_o do_v we_o will_v and_o otherwise_o not_o in_o this_o case_n 18._o in_o the_o last_o place_n we_o may_v consider_v how_o much_o have_v be_v attribute_v to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o king_n judge_n by_o parliament_n and_o so_o find_v that_o the_o king_n council_n have_v guide_v and_o rule_v the_o judge_n and_o the_o judge_n guide_v the_o parliament_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o 28_o hen._n 6._o the_o commons_o make_v suit_n that_o william_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr poole_n d._n of_o suffolk_n shall_v be_v commit_v to_o prison_n for_o many_o treason_n and_o other_o crime_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o high_a house_n be_v doubtful_a what_o answer_v to_o give_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v demand_v their_o opinion_n be_v that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v commit_v for_o that_o the_o commons_o do_v not_o charge_v he_o with_o any_o particular_a offence_n but_o with_o general_n report_v and_o slander_n this_o opinion_n be_v allow_v in_o another_o parliament_n 31._o hen._n 6._o which_o be_v prorogue_v in_o the_o vacation_n the_o speaker_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v condemn_v in_o a_o thousand_o pound_n damage_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o be_v commit_v to_o prison_n in_o execution_n for_o the_o same_o when_o the_o parliament_n be_v reassembled_a the_o commons_o make_v suit_n to_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n to_o have_v their_o speaker_n deliver_v the_o lord_n demand_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n whether_o he_o may_v be_v deliver_v out_o of_o
to_o the_o king_n be_v all_o but_o private_a man_n if_o they_o derive_v their_o power_n from_o he_o they_o be_v magistrate_n under_o he_o and_o out_o of_o his_o presence_n for_o when_o he_o be_v in_o place_n they_o be_v but_o so_o many_o private_a man_n j._n m._n ask_v who_o swear_v to_o a_o king_n unless_o the_o king_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v swear_v to_o keep_v god_n law_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n we_o find_v that_o the_o ruler_n of_o israel_n take_v a_o oath_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o jehoash_n but_o we_o find_v no_o oath_n take_v by_o that_o king_n no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o god_n law_n much_o less_o to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n xii_o a_o tyrant_n be_v he_o who_o regard_v neither_o law_n nor_o the_o common_a good_a reign_v only_o for_o himself_o and_o his_o faction_n p._n 19_o in_o his_o defence_n he_o express_v himself_o thus_o he_o be_v a_o tyrant_n who_o look_v after_o only_o his_o own_o and_o not_o his_o people_n profit_n eth._n l._n 10._o p._n 189._o 1._o if_o it_o be_v tyranny_n not_o to_o regard_v the_o law_n than_o all_o court_n of_o equity_n and_o pardon_n for_o any_o offence_n must_v be_v take_v away_o there_o be_v far_o more_o suit_n for_o relief_n against_o the_o law_n than_o there_o be_v for_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o tyranny_n in_o the_o world_n as_o the_o law_n if_o there_o be_v no_o equity_n to_o abate_v the_o rigour_n of_o it_o summum_fw-la jus_fw-la be_v summa_fw-la injuria_fw-la if_o the_o penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o all_o law_n shall_v still_o be_v exact_v by_o all_o king_n it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o the_o great_a tyranny_n will_v be_v for_o a_o king_n to_o govern_v according_a to_o law_n the_o fine_n penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o all_o law_n be_v due_a to_o the_o supreme_a power_n only_o and_o be_v they_o due_o pay_v they_o will_v far_o exceed_v the_o tax_n in_o all_o place_n it_o be_v the_o chief_a happiness_n of_o a_o kingdom_n and_o their_o chief_a liberty_n not_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o law_n only_o 2._o not_o to_o regard_v the_o common_a good_a but_o to_o reign_v only_o for_o himself_o be_v the_o supposition_n of_o a_o impossibility_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o aristotle_n who_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o despotical_a power_n can_v be_v preserve_v except_o the_o servant_n or_o he_o in_o subjection_n be_v also_o preserve_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o strong_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n impossible_a to_o have_v a_o form_n of_o government_n that_o can_v be_v for_o the_o destruction_n of_o a_o people_n as_o tyranny_n be_v suppose_v if_o we_o will_v allow_v people_n to_o be_v govern_v we_o must_v grant_v they_o must_v in_o the_o first_o place_n be_v preserve_v or_o else_o they_o can_v be_v govern_v king_n have_v be_v and_o may_v be_v vicious_a man_n and_o the_o government_n of_o one_o not_o so_o good_a as_o the_o government_n of_o another_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o form_n of_o government_n be_v or_o can_v be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n ill_o because_o the_o governor_n be_v so_o it_o be_v anarchy_n or_o want_v of_o government_n that_o can_v total_o destroy_v a_o nation_n we_o can_v find_v any_o such_o government_n as_o tyranny_n mention_v or_o name_v in_o scripture_n or_o any_o word_n in_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n to_o express_v it_o after_o such_o time_n as_o the_o city_n of_o greece_n practise_v to_o shake_v off_o monarchy_n then_o and_o not_o till_o then_o which_o be_v after_o homer_n time_n the_o name_n of_o tyrant_n be_v take_v up_o for_o a_o word_n of_o disgrace_n for_o such_o man_n as_o by_o craft_n or_o force_n wrest_v the_o power_n of_o a_o city_n from_o a_o multitude_n to_o one_o man_n only_o and_o not_o for_o the_o exercise_v but_o for_o the_o ill-obtaining_a of_o the_o government_n but_o now_o every_o man_n that_o be_v but_o think_v to_o govern_v ill_a or_o to_o be_v a_o ill_a man_n be_v present_o term_v a_o tyrant_n and_o so_o judge_v by_o his_o subject_n few_o remember_v the_o prohibition_n exod._n 22.28_o thou_o shall_v not_o revile_v the_o god_n nor_o curse_v the_o ruler_n of_o thy_o people_n and_o few_o understand_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o though_o we_o may_v not_o one_o judge_n another_o yet_o we_o may_v speak_v evil_a or_o revile_v one_o another_o in_o that_o which_o have_v be_v lawful_o judge_v and_o upon_o a_o trial_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v hear_v and_o condemn_v this_o be_v not_o to_o judge_v but_o only_o to_o relate_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o ruler_n to_o speak_v evil_a or_o to_o revile_v a_o supreme_a judge_n can_v be_v without_o judge_v he_o who_o have_v no_o superior_a on_o earth_n to_o judge_v he_o and_o in_o that_o regard_n must_v always_o be_v presume_v innocent_a though_o never_o so_o ill_a if_o he_o can_v lawful_o be_v hear_v j.m._n that_o will_v have_v it_o tyranny_n in_o a_o king_n not_o to_o regard_v the_o law_n do_v himself_o give_v as_o little_a regard_n to_o they_o as_o any_o man_n where_o he_o reckon_v that_o contest_v for_o privilege_n custom_n form_n and_o that_o old_a entanglement_n of_o iniquity_n their_o gibberish_n law_n be_v the_o badge_n of_o ancient_a slavery_n tenure_n p._n 3._o a_o dispute_a precedent_n form_n and_o circumstance_n page_n 5._o j.m._n be_v also_o of_o opinion_n that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n our_o forefather_n out_o of_o baseness_n have_v lose_v any_o thing_n of_o their_o right_n that_o ought_v not_o hurt_v we_o they_o may_v if_o they_o will_v promise_v slavery_n for_o themselves_o for_o we_o certain_o they_o can_v not_o who_o have_v always_o the_o same_o right_n to_o free_v ourselves_o that_o they_o have_v to_o give_v themselves_o to_o any_o man_n in_o slavery_n this_o doctrine_n well_o practise_v lay_v all_o open_a to_o constant_a anarchy_n last_o if_o any_o desire_n to_o know_v what_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n be_v which_o j._n m._n plead_v for_o he_o resolve_v we_o say_v that_o he_o that_o take_v away_o from_o the_o people_n the_o right_n of_o choose_v what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v take_v away_o true_o that_o in_o which_o all_o liberty_n do_v almost_o consist_v it_o be_v well_o say_v by_o j._n m._n that_o all_o liberty_n do_v almost_o consist_v in_o choose_v their_o form_n of_o government_n for_o there_o be_v another_o liberty_n exercise_v by_o the_o people_n which_o he_o mention_n not_o which_o be_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n choose_v their_o religion_n every_o man_n may_v be_v of_o any_o religion_n or_o of_o no_o religion_n greece_n and_o rome_n have_v be_v as_o famous_a for_o polytheism_n or_o multitude_n of_o god_n as_o of_o governor_n and_o imagine_v aristocratie_n and_o democraty_n in_o heaven_n as_o on_o earth_n observation_n upon_o h._n grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-fr belli_n &_o pacis_fw-la in_o most_o question_n of_o weight_n and_o difficulty_n concern_v the_o right_n of_o war_n or_o peace_n or_o supreme_a power_n grotius_n have_v recourse_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o of_o nation_n or_o to_o the_o primitive_a will_n of_o those_o man_n who_o first_o join_v in_o society_n it_o be_v necessary_a therefore_o a_o little_a to_o lay_v open_a the_o variety_n or_o contrariety_n in_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n and_o in_o grotius_n himself_o about_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n not_o with_o a_o purpose_n to_o raise_v any_o contention_n about_o word_n or_o phrase_n but_o with_o a_o desire_n to_o reconcile_v or_o expound_v the_o sense_n of_o different_a term_n civilian_n canonist_n politician_n and_o divine_n be_v not_o a_o little_a perplex_a in_o distinguish_v between_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n about_o jus_fw-la naturae_fw-la and_o jus_fw-la gentium_fw-la there_o be_v much_o dispute_n by_o such_o as_o handle_v the_o original_a of_o government_n and_o of_o property_n and_o community_n the_o civil_a law_n in_o one_o text_n allow_v a_o threefold_a division_n of_o law_n into_o jus_fw-la naturae_fw-la jus_fw-la gentium_fw-la and_o jus_n civil_a but_o in_o another_o text_n of_o the_o same_o law_n we_o find_v only_o a_o twofold_a division_n into_o jus_n civil_a and_o jus_fw-la gentium_fw-la this_o latter_a division_n the_o law_n take_v from_o gaius_n the_o former_a from_o ulpian_n who_o will_v have_v jus_fw-la naturale_fw-la to_o be_v that_o which_o nature_n have_v teach_v all_o creature_n quod_fw-la natura_fw-la omne_fw-la animalia_fw-la docuit_fw-la but_o for_o this_o he_o be_v confute_v by_o grotius_n salmasius_n and_o other_o who_o restrain_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n only_o to_o man_n use_v reason_n which_o make_v it_o all_o one_o with_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n to_o which_o the_o canon_n law_n consent_v and_o say_v that_o jus_fw-la naturale_fw-la est_fw-la common_a omnium_fw-la nationum_fw-la that_o