this_o be_v thus_o practise_v in_o all_o the_o court_n of_o asia_n but_o it_o be_v not_o true_a neither_o at_o siam_n nor_o perhaps_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o east_n that_o the_o queen_n have_v any_o province_n to_o govern_v it_o be_v easy_a also_o to_o comprehend_v that_o if_o the_o king_n love_v any_o of_o his_o lady_n more_o than_o the_o rest_n he_o cause_v she_o to_o remove_v from_o the_o jealousy_n and_o harsh_a usage_n of_o the_o queen_n at_o siam_n they_o continual_o take_v lady_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o vang_z please_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n take_v the_o daughter_n of_o his_o subject_n for_o his_o palace_n when_o he_o please_v or_o to_o be_v concubine_n to_o the_o king_n if_o this_o prince_n make_v use_v thereof_o but_o the_o siamese_n deliver_v up_o their_o daughter_n only_o by_o force_n because_o it_o be_v never_o to_o see_v they_o again_o and_o they_o redeem_v they_o so_o long_o as_o they_o can_v for_o money_n so_o that_o this_o become_v a_o kind_n of_o extortion_n for_o they_o design_o take_v a_o great_a many_o virgin_n mere_o to_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o parent_n who_o redeem_v they_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v few_o mistress_n that_o be_v to_o say_v eight_o or_o ten_o in_o all_o ministress_n he_o have_v few_o ministress_n not_o out_o of_o continency_n but_o parsimony_n i_o have_v already_o declare_v that_o to_o have_v a_o great_a many_o wife_n be_v in_o this_o country_n rather_o magnificence_n than_o debauchery_n wherefore_o they_o be_v very_o much_o surprise_v to_o hear_v that_o so_o great_a a_o king_n as_o we_o have_v no_o more_o than_o one_o wife_n that_o he_o have_v no_o elephant_n and_o that_o his_o land_n bear_v no_o rice_n as_o we_o may_v be_v when_o it_o be_v tell_v we_o that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v no_o horse_n nor_o stand_a force_n and_o that_o his_o country_n bear_v no_o corn_n nor_o grape_n although_o all_o the_o relation_n do_v so_o high_o extol_v the_o riches_n and_o power_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n the_o queen_n have_v her_o elephant_n and_o her_o balon_n house_n the_o queen_n house_n and_o some_o officer_n to_o take_v care_n of_o she_o and_o accompany_v she_o when_o she_o go_v abroad_o but_o none_o but_o her_o woman_n and_o eunuch_n do_v see_v she_o she_o be_v conceal_v from_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n and_o when_o she_o go_v out_o either_o on_o a_o elephant_n or_o in_o a_o balloon_n it_o be_v in_o a_o chair_n make_v up_o with_o curtain_n which_o permit_v she_o to_o see_v what_o she_o please_v and_o do_v prevent_v she_o be_v see_v and_o respect_v command_n that_o if_o they_o can_v avoid_v she_o they_o shall_v turn_v their_o back_n to_o she_o by_o prostrate_v themselves_o when_o she_o pass_v along_o beside_o this_o she_o have_v her_o magazine_n her_o ship_n and_o her_o treasure_n ship_n her_o magazine_n and_o her_o ship_n she_o exercise_v commerce_n and_o when_o we_o arrive_v in_o this_o country_n the_o princess_n who_o i_o have_v report_v to_o be_v treat_v like_o a_o queen_n be_v exceed_o embroil_v with_o the_o king_n her_o father_n because_o that_o he_o reserve_v to_o himself_o alone_o almost_o all_o the_o foreign_a trade_n and_o that_o thereby_o she_o find_v herself_o deprive_v thereof_o contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n daughter_n succeed_v not_o to_o the_o crown_n they_o be_v hardly_o look_v upon_o as_o free_v uncertain_a of_o the_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o cause_n which_o render_v it_o uncertain_a it_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o queen_n that_o ought_v always_o to_o succeed_v by_o the_o law_n nevertheless_o because_o that_o the_o siamese_n can_v hardly_o conceive_v that_o among_o prince_n of_o near_a the_o same_o rank_n the_o most_o aged_a shall_v prostrate_v himself_o before_o the_o young_a it_o frequent_o happen_v that_o among_o brethren_n though_o they_o be_v not_o all_o son_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o that_o among_o uncle_n and_o nephew_n the_o most_o advance_a in_o age_n be_v prefer_v or_o rather_o it_o be_v force_v which_o always_o decide_v it_o the_o king_n themselves_o contribute_v to_o render_v the_o royal_a succession_n uncertain_a because_o that_o instead_o of_o choose_v for_o their_o successor_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o queen_n they_o most_o frequent_o follow_v the_o inclination_n which_o they_o have_v for_o the_o son_n of_o some_o one_o of_o their_o concubine_n with_o who_o they_o be_v enamour_a bantam_n the_o occasion_n which_o tender_v the_o hollander_n master_n of_o bantam_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o king_n of_o bantam_n for_o example_n have_v lose_v his_o crown_n and_o his_o liberty_n he_o endeavour_v to_o get_v one_o of_o his_o son_n who_o he_o have_v by_o one_o of_o his_o concubine_n to_o be_v acknowledge_v for_o his_o successor_n before_o his_o death_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n which_o he_o have_v by_o the_o queen_n put_v himself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o hollander_n they_o set_v he_o upon_o the_o throne_n after_o have_v vanquish_v his_o father_n who_o they_o still_o keep_v in_o prison_n if_o he_o be_v not_o dead_a but_o for_o the_o reward_n of_o this_o service_n they_o remain_v master_n of_o the_o port_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a commerce_n of_o bantam_n china_n of_o the_o succession_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n the_o succession_n be_v not_o better_o regulate_v at_o china_n though_o there_o be_v a_o express_a and_o very_a ancient_a law_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o queen_n but_o what_o rule_n can_v there_o be_v in_o a_o thing_n how_o important_a soever_o it_o be_v when_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o king_n do_v always_o seek_v to_o imbroil_v it_o all_o the_o oriental_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o a_o governor_n adhere_v most_o to_o the_o royal_a family_n and_o not_o to_o a_o certain_a prince_n of_o the_o royal_a family_n uncertain_a in_o the_o sole_a thing_n wherein_o all_o the_o european_n be_v not_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n we_o vary_v every_o day_n and_o they_o never_o do_v always_o the_o same_o manner_n among_o they_o always_o the_o same_o law_n the_o same_o religion_n the_o same_o worship_n as_o may_v be_v judge_v by_o compare_v what_o the_o ancient_n have_v write_v concern_v the_o indian_n with_o what_o we_o do_v now_o see_v wardrobe_n of_o the_o king_n of_o siams_n wardrobe_n i_o have_v say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o woman_n of_o the_o palace_n which_o dress_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n but_o they_o have_v no_o charge_n of_o his_o wardrobe_n he_o have_v officer_n on_o purpose_n the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o be_v he_o that_o touch_v his_o bonnet_n although_o he_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o put_v it_o upon_o the_o head_n of_o the_o king_n his_o master_n it_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n of_o camboya_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n boast_v in_o be_v thence_o descend_v not_o be_v able_a to_o vaunt_v in_o be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o king_n his_o predecessor_n the_o title_n of_o this_o master_n of_o the_o wardrobe_n be_v ocya_a out_o haya_n tan_v which_o sufficient_o evince_v that_o the_o title_n of_o pa-ya_a do_v not_o signify_v prince_n see_v that_o this_o prince_n wear_v it_o not_o under_o he_o oc-pra_a rayja_n vounsa_n have_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o clothes_n rayja_n or_o raja_n or_o ragi_n or_o ratcha_n be_v only_o a_o indian_a term_n various_o pronounce_v which_o signify_v king_n or_o royal_a and_o which_o enter_v into_o the_o composition_n of_o several_a name_n among_o the_o indian_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o court_n of_o siam_n and_o of_o the_o policy_n of_o its_o king_n council_n the_o hour_n of_o council_n the_o common_a usage_n of_o the_o court_n of_o siam_n be_v to_o hold_v a_o council_n twice_o a_o day_n about_o ten_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n and_o about_o ten_o in_o the_o evening_n reckon_v the_o hour_n after_o our_o fashion_n siamese_n the_o division_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n according_a to_o the_o siamese_n as_o for_o they_o they_o divide_v the_o day_n into_o twelve_o hour_n from_o the_o morning_n to_o the_o night_n the_o hour_n they_o call_v among_o they_o reckon_v they_o like_o we_o and_o give_v they_o not_o a_o particular_a name_n to_o each_o as_o the_o chineses_n do_v as_o for_o the_o night_n they_o divide_v it_o into_o four_o watch_n which_o they_o call_v tgiam_fw-la and_o it_o be_v always_o broad_a day_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o four_o the_o latin_n greek_n jew_n and_o other_o people_n have_v divide_v the_o day_n and_o night_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n clock_n their_o clock_n the_o people_n of_o siam_n have_v no_o clock_n but_o as_o the_o day_n be_v almost_o equal_a there_o all_o the_o year_n it_o be_v easy_a for_o they_o to_o know_v what_o hour_n it_o be_v by_o
the_o sight_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o king_n palace_n they_o use_v a_o kind_n of_o waterclock_n it_o be_v a_o thin_a copper_n cup_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o which_o they_o do_v make_v a_o almost_o imperceptible_a hole_n they_o put_v it_o quite_o empty_a upon_o the_o water_n which_o by_o little_a and_o little_o enter_v therein_o through_o the_o hole_n and_o when_o the_o cup_n be_v full_a enough_o to_o sink_v down_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o hour_n or_o a_o twelve_o part_n of_o the_o day_n they_o measure_v the_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n by_o such_o a_o like_a method_n and_o they_o make_v a_o noise_n on_o copper_n basin_n when_o the_o watch_n be_v end_v i_o have_v relate_v how_o cause_n be_v determine_v in_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n council_n they_o how_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n examine_v affair_n in_o his_o council_n and_o how_o he_o terminate_v they_o affair_n of_o state_n be_v there_o examine_v and_o decide_v almost_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o councillor_n to_o who_o this_o prince_n have_v commit_v a_o business_n make_v the_o report_n thereof_o which_o consist_v in_o read_v it_o and_o then_o proceed_v to_o the_o consultative_a opinion_n and_o hitherto_o the_o king_n presence_n be_v not_o necessary_a when_o he_o be_v come_v he_o hear_v the_o report_n which_o be_v read_v to_o he_o concern_v the_o former_a consult_v he_o resume_v all_o the_o advice_n confute_v those_o which_o he_o approve_v not_o and_o then_o decide_v but_o if_o the_o affair_n seem_v to_o he_o to_o merit_v a_o more_o mature_a deliberation_n he_o make_v no_o decision_n but_o after_o have_v propose_v his_o difficulty_n he_o commit_v the_o examination_n thereof_o to_o some_o of_o his_o council_n who_o he_o purposely_o appoint_v and_o principal_o to_o those_o who_o be_v of_o a_o different_a opinion_n from_o he_o they_o after_o have_v again_o consult_v together_o do_v cause_n the_o report_n of_o their_o new_a consultation_n to_o be_v make_v by_o one_o of_o they_o in_o a_o full_a council_n and_o before_o the_o king_n and_o hereupon_o this_o prince_n consummate_v his_o determination_n yet_o sometime_o but_o very_o rare_o and_o in_o affair_n of_o a_o cerrain_a nature_n he_o will_v consult_v the_o principal_a sancras_n which_o be_v the_o superior_n of_o the_o talapoin_n who_o credit_n in_o other_o matter_n he_o depress_n as_o much_o as_o he_o can_v though_o in_o appearance_n he_o honour_v they_o exceed_o in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v such_o a_o sort_n of_o affair_n wherein_o he_o will_v call_v the_o officer_n of_o the_o province_n but_o on_o all_o occasion_n and_o in_o all_o affair_n he_o decide_v when_o he_o please_v and_o he_o be_v never_o constrain_v to_o either_o ask_v advice_n of_o any_o person_n or_o to_o follow_v any_o other_o advice_n than_o his_o own_o he_o oftentimes_o punish_v ill_a advice_n or_o recompense_v good_a good_a he_o punish_v bad_a counsel_n and_o recompense_v good_a i_o say_v good_a or_o bad_a according_a to_o his_o sense_n for_o he_o alone_o be_v the_o judge_n thereof_o thus_o his_o minister_n do_v much_o more_o apply_v themselves_o to_o divine_a his_o sentiment_n than_o to_o declare_v he_o they_o and_o they_o misunderstand_v he_o by_o reason_n he_o also_o endeavour_n to_o conceal_v his_o opinion_n from_o they_o in_o a_o word_n the_o affair_n on_o which_o he_o consult_v they_o men._n sometime_o he_o consult_v about_o affair_n invent_v by_o way_n of_o exercise_n he_o examine_v his_o officer_n about_o their_o obligation_n a_o law_n against_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o great_a men._n be_v not_o always_o a_o real_a concern_v it_o be_v sometime_o a_o question_n which_o he_o propound_v to_o they_o by_o way_n of_o exercise_n he_o likewise_o have_v a_o custom_n of_o examine_v his_o officer_n about_o the_o pra-tam-ra_n which_o be_v that_o book_n which_o i_o have_v say_v contain_v all_o their_o duty_n and_o cause_v such_o to_o be_v chastise_v with_o the_o bastinado_n who_o answer_v not_o very_o exact_o even_o as_o a_o father_n chastize_n his_o child_n in_o instruct_v they_o it_o be_v a_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o state_n establish_v for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o king_n who_o authority_n be_v natural_o almost_o unarm_v that_o the_o courtier_n shall_v not_o render_v he_o any_o visit_n without_o his_o express_a leave_n and_o only_o at_o wedding_n and_o funeral_n and_o that_o when_o they_o meet_v they_o shall_v speak_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o three_o person_n but_o if_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n be_v unactive_a or_o negligent_a not_o any_o law_n secure_v they_o at_o present_v the_o courtier_n may_v appear_v again_o at_o the_o academy_n of_o sport_n where_o the_o great_a number_n seem_v to_o take_v away_o all_o opportunity_n of_o caballing_n the_o trade_n of_o a_o informer_n so_o detest_v in_o all_o place_n where_o man_n be_v bear_v free_a law_n the_o trade_n of_o a_o informer_n command_v at_o siam_n by_o the_o law_n be_v command_v to_o every_o person_n at_o siam_n under_o pain_n of_o death_n for_o the_o least_o thing_n and_o so_o whatever_o be_v know_v by_o two_o witness_n be_v almost_o infallible_o relate_v to_o the_o king_n because_o that_o every_o one_o hasten_v to_o give_v information_n thereof_o for_o fear_v of_o be_v herein_o prevent_v by_o his_o companion_n and_o remain_v guilty_a of_o silence_n deceive_v the_o king_n of_o siams_n precaution_n to_o prevent_v be_v deceive_v the_o present_a king_n of_o siam_n rely_v not_o in_o a_o important_a affair_n upon_o the_o single_a report_n of_o he_o to_o who_o he_o have_v commit_v it_o but_o neither_o do_v he_o rely_v also_o on_o the_o report_n of_o a_o single_a informer_n he_o have_v a_o number_n of_o secret_a spy_n who_o he_o separately_z interrogate_v and_o he_o sometime_o send_v more_o than_o one_o to_o interrogate_v those_o who_o have_v act_v in_o the_o affair_n whereof_o he_o will_v be_v inform_v and_o yet_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o he_o to_o be_v deceive_v ineffectual_a why_o they_o be_v frequent_o ineffectual_a for_o throughout_o the_o country_n every_o informer_n be_v a_o dishonest_a man_n and_o every_o dishonest_a man_n be_v a_o infidel_n moreover_o flattery_n be_v so_o great_a in_o india_n that_o it_o have_v persuade_v the_o indian_a king_n that_o if_o it_o be_v their_o interest_n to_o be_v inform_v it_o be_v their_o dignity_n to_o hear_v nothing_o that_o may_v displease_v they_o as_o for_o example_n they_o will_v not_o tell_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n that_o he_o want_v slave_n or_o vassal_n for_o any_o enterprise_n he_o will_v go_v about_o they_o will_v not_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o can_v perform_v his_o command_n but_o they_o execute_v they_o ill_o and_o when_o the_o mischief_n appear_v they_o will_v excuse_v it_o by_o some_o defect_n they_o will_v tell_v he_o ill_a news_n quite_o otherwise_o than_o it_o be_v to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o truth_n reach_v his_o ear_n only_o by_o degree_n may_v vex_v he_o less_o and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v easy_a to_o pacify_v he_o at_o several_a time_n they_o will_v not_o counsel_v he_o a_o bad_a thing_n but_o will_v so_o insinuate_v it_o that_o he_o may_v think_v himself_o the_o author_n and_o only_o take_v to_o himself_o the_o bad_a success_n and_o then_o they_o will_v not_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o must_v alter_v a_o thing_n that_o he_o have_v do_v amiss_o but_o they_o will_v persuade_v he_o to_o do_v it_o better_v some_o other_o way_n which_o will_v only_o be_v a_o pretence_n and_o in_o the_o new_a project_n they_o will_v suppress_v without_o acquaint_v he_o what_o they_o design_v to_o reform_v and_o will_v put_v in_o the_o place_n what_o they_o design_v to_o establish_v i_o myself_o have_v see_v part_n of_o what_o i_o relate_v and_o and_o they_o have_v assure_v i_o the_o rest_n justice_n the_o king_n of_o siams_n rigorous_a justice_n now_o such_o like_a artifices_fw-la be_v always_o very_o perilous_a they_o offend_v the_o present_a king_n in_o nothing_o without_o be_v punish_v be_v severe_a to_o extreme_a rigour_n he_o put_v to_o death_n who_o he_o please_v without_o any_o formality_n of_o justice_n and_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o who_o he_o please_v and_o in_o his_o own_o presence_n and_o sometime_o the_o accuser_n with_o the_o criminal_a the_o innocent_a with_o the_o calumniator_n for_o when_o the_o proof_n remain_v doubtful_a he_o as_o i_o have_v say_v expose_v both_o party_n to_o the_o tiger_n body_n how_o he_o insult_v over_o the_o dead_a body_n after_o the_o execution_n he_o insult_v over_o the_o dead_a body_n with_o some_o word_n which_o be_v a_o lesson_n to_o the_o live_n as_o for_o example_n after_o have_v make_v he_o who_o have_v rob_v his_o magazine_n to_o swallow_v some_o melt_a silver_n he_o say_v to_o the_o dead_a body_n miserable_a wretch_n thou_o have_v rob_v i_o of_o ten_o piece_n of_o silver_n and_o three_o
consist_v in_o extorsion_n because_o that_o in_o this_o there_o be_v no_o justice_n for_o the_o weak_a all_o the_o officer_n do_v hold_v a_o correspondence_n in_o pillage_n and_o the_o corruption_n be_v great_a in_o those_o from_o whence_o the_o remedy_n ought_v to_o come_v the_o trade_n of_o present_n be_v public_a the_o least_o officer_n do_v give_v unto_o the_o great_a under_o a_o title_n of_o respect_n and_o a_o judge_n be_v not_o there_o punish_v for_o have_v receive_v present_n if_o otherwise_o he_o be_v not_o convict_v of_o injustice_n which_o be_v not_o very_o easy_a to_o do_v the_o form_n of_o the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n consist_v in_o swallow_v the_o water_n fidelity_n the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n over_o which_o the_o talapoin_n do_v pronounce_v some_o imprecation_n against_o he_o who_o be_v to_o drink_v it_o in_o case_n he_o fail_v in_o the_o fidelity_n which_o he_o owe_v to_o his_o king_n this_o prince_n dispense_v not_o with_o this_o oath_n to_o any_o person_n that_o engage_v themselves_o in_o his_o service_n of_o what_o religion_n or_o nation_n soever_o the_o public_a law_n of_o siam_n be_v write_v in_o three_o volume_n write_v the_o public_a law_n of_o siam_n be_v write_v the_o first_o be_v call_v pra_fw-la tam_fw-la ramires_n and_o contain_v the_o name_n function_n and_o prerogative_n of_o all_o the_o office_n the_o second_o be_v entitle_v pra_fw-la tam_fw-la non_fw-la and_o be_v a_o collection_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n and_o the_o three_o be_v the_o pra_fw-la rayja_n cammanot_n wherein_o be_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o now_o regent_n king_n father_n nothing_o will_v have_v be_v more_o necessary_a than_o a_o faithful_a extract_n of_o these_o three_o volume_n thereof_o the_o difficulty_n of_o procure_v the_o book_n thereof_o right_o to_o make_v know_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n but_o so_o far_o be_v i_o from_o be_v able_a to_o get_v a_o translation_n that_o i_o can_v not_o procure_v a_o copy_n thereof_o in_o siamese_n it_o will_v have_v be_v necessary_a upon_o this_o account_n to_o continue_v long_o at_o siam_n and_o with_o less_o business_n this_o be_v therefore_o what_o i_o can_v learn_v certain_o about_o this_o matter_n without_o the_o assistance_n of_o those_o book_n and_o in_o a_o country_n where_o every_o one_o be_v afraid_a to_o speak_v the_o great_a token_n of_o servitude_n of_o the_o siamese_n be_v that_o they_o dare_v not_o to_o open_v their_o mouth_n about_o any_o thing_n that_o relate_v to_o their_o country_n chap._n iu._n concern_v the_o office_n of_o judicatory_a province_n the_o division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n by_o province_n the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a the_o upper_a lie_n towards_o the_o north_n see_v that_o the_o river_n descend_v from_o thence_o and_o contain_v seven_o province_n which_o be_v name_v by_o their_o chief_a city_n porselouc_n sanquelouc_n lacontai_n campeng-pet_n coconrepina_n pechebonne_n and_o pitchai_n at_o porselouc_n do_v immediate_o arise_v ten_o jurisdiction_n at_o sanquelouc_n eight_o at_o lacontai_n seven_o at_o campeng-pet_n ten_o at_o coconrepina_n five_o at_o pechebonne_n two_o and_o at_o pitchai_n seven_o and_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v in_o the_o upper_a siam_n one_o and_o twenty_o other_o jurisdiction_n to_o which_o no_o other_o jurisdiction_n resort_v but_o which_o do_v resort_v to_o the_o court_n and_o be_v as_o so_o many_o little_a province_n in_o the_o low_a siam_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o reckon_v the_o province_n of_o jor_n patana_n ligor_fw-la tenasserim_n chantebonne_n petelong_v or_o bordelong_v and_o tchiai_n on_o jor_n do_v immediate_o depend_v seven_o jurisdiction_n on_o patana_n eight_o on_o ligor_fw-la twenty_o on_o tenasserim_n twelve_o on_o chantebonne_n seven_o on_z petelong_v eight_o and_o on_o tchiai_n two_o and_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v likewise_o in_o the_o low_a siam_n thirteen_o small_a jurisdiction_n which_o be_v as_o so_o many_o particular_a province_n which_o resort_v only_o to_o the_o court_n and_o to_o which_o no_o other_o jurisdiction_n resort_v the_o city_n of_o siam_n have_v its_o province_n apart_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o state_n between_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a siam_n judge_n the_o governor_n be_v the_o judge_n the_o whole_a tribunal_n of_o judicature_n consist_v proper_o only_a in_o a_o single_a officer_n see_v that_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a or_o precedent_n only_o that_o have_v the_o deliberate_a voice_n and_o that_o all_o the_o other_o officer_n have_v only_o a_o consultative_a voice_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n receive_v also_o at_o china_n and_o in_o the_o other_o neighbour_a state_n but_o the_o most_o important_a prerogative_n of_o the_o precedent_n be_v to_o be_v the_o governor_n of_o his_o whole_a jurisdiction_n and_o to_o command_v even_o the_o garrison_n if_o there_o be_v any_o unless_o the_o prince_n have_v otherwise_o dispose_v thereof_o by_o a_o express_a order_n so_o that_o as_o in_o other_o place_n these_o office_n be_v hereditary_a it_o be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n for_o some_o of_o these_o governor_n and_o especial_o the_o most_o powerful_a and_o for_o the_o most_o remote_a from_o court_n to_o withdraw_v themselves_o whole_o or_o in_o part_n from_o the_o royal_a authority_n siam_n jor_a belong_v no_o more_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o of_o siam_n thus_o the_o governor_n of_o jor_n render_v obedience_n no_o long_o and_o the_o portuguese_n give_v he_o the_o title_n of_o king_n and_o it_o may_v be_v he_o never_o intend_v to_o obey_v unless_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n shall_v extend_v itself_o as_o relation_n declare_v to_o the_o whole_a peninsula_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la jor_a be_v the_o most_o southern_a city_n thereof_o seat_v on_o a_o river_n which_o have_v its_o mouth_n at_o the_o cape_n of_o sincapura_n and_o which_o form_n a_o very_a excellent_a port._n patana_n nor_o patana_n the_o people_n of_o patana_n live_v like_o those_o of_o achem_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o sumatra_n under_o the_o domination_n of_o a_o woman_n who_o they_o always_o elect_v in_o the_o same_o family_n and_o always_o old_a to_o the_o end_n that_o she_o may_v have_v no_o occasion_n to_o marry_v and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o who_o the_o most_o trusty_a person_n do_v rule_v the_o portuguese_n have_v likewise_o give_v she_o the_o title_n of_o queen_n and_o for_o tribute_n she_o send_v to_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n every_o three_o year_n two_o small_a tree_n the_o one_o of_o gold_n the_o other_o of_o silver_n and_o both_o load_v with_o flower_n and_o fruit_n but_o she_o owe_v not_o any_o assistance_n to_o this_o prince_n in_o his_o war_n whether_o these_o gold_n and_o silver_n tree_n be_v a_o real_a homage_n or_o only_o a_o respect_n to_o maintain_v the_o liberty_n of_o commerce_n as_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n send_v present_v every_o three_o year_n to_o the_o king_n of_o china_n in_o consideration_n of_o trade_n only_o be_v what_o i_o can_v allege_v but_o as_o the_o king_n of_o china_n honour_v himself_o with_o these_o sort_n of_o present_n and_o take_v they_o for_o a_o kind_n of_o homage_n it_o may_v well_o be_v that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n do_v not_o less_o value_v himself_o on_o the_o present_n he_o receive_v from_o the_o queen_n of_o patana_n although_o she_o be_v not_o perhaps_o his_o vassal_n the_o siamese_n do_v call_v a_o hereditary_a governor_n tchaou-mevang_a lord_n the_o governor_n be_v lord_n tchaou_fw-la signify_v lord_n and_o mevang_n a_o city_n or_o province_n and_o sometime_o a_o kingdom_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v ruin_v and_o destroy_v the_o most_o potent_a tchaou-mevang_a as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v and_o have_v substitute_v in_o their_o place_n some_o triennial_n governor_n by_o commission_n these_o commission-governor_n be_v call_v pouran_n and_o pou_n signify_v a_o person_n beside_o the_o present_n which_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a may_v receive_v as_o i_o have_v declare_v tchaou-mevang_a the_o profit_n or_o right_n of_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a his_o other_o legal_a right_n be_v first_o equal_o to_o share_v with_o the_o king_n the_o rent_n that_o the_o arable_a land_n do_v yield_v which_o they_o call_v naa_n that_o be_v to_o say_v field_n and_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n these_o rent_n be_v a_o mayon_n or_o quarter_n part_n of_o a_o tical_a for_o forty_o fathom_n or_o two_o hundred_o foot_n square_a 2_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a have_v the_o profit_n of_o all_o confiscation_n of_o all_o the_o penalty_n to_o the_o exchequer_n and_o ten_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o all_o the_o fine_n to_o the_o party_n the_o confiscation_n be_v fix_v by_o law_n according_a to_o the_o case_n and_o be_v not_o always_o the_o whole_a estate_n not_o even_o in_o case_n of_o sentence_n of_o death_n but_o sometime_o also_o they_o extend_v to_o the_o body_n not_o only_o of_o the_o person_n condemn_v but_o of_o
his_o child_n too_o 3_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n give_v the_o tchaou-mevang_a some_o man_n to_o execute_v his_o order_n they_o accompany_v he_o everywhere_o and_o they_o row_v in_o his_o balloon_n the_o siamese_n do_v call_v they_o kenlai_n or_o paint_a arm_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o pink_a and_o mangle_v their_o arm_n and_o lay_v gunpowder_n on_o the_o wound_n which_o paint_v their_o arm_n with_o a_o fade_a blue_n the_o portuguese_n do_v call_v they_o paint_a arm_n and_o officer_n and_o these_o paint_a arm_n be_v still_o use_v in_o the_o country_n of_o laos_n 4_o in_o the_o maritime_a government_n the_o tchaou-mevang_a sometime_o take_v custom_n of_o the_o merchant_n ship_n but_o it_o be_v general_o inconsiderable_a at_o tenasserim_n it_o be_v eight_o per_fw-la cent._n in_o the_o kind_n according_a to_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o foreign_a mission_n some_o have_v assure_v i_o shipwreck_n the_o humanity_n of_o the_o siamese_n towards_o those_o that_o have_v suffer_v shipwreck_n that_o the_o siamese_n have_v the_o humanity_n not_o to_o appropriate_v any_o thing_n to_o themselves_o of_o what_o the_o tempest_n cast_v on_o their_o coast_n by_o shipwreck_n yet_o ferdinand_n mendez_n pinto_n relate_v that_o lewis_n de_fw-fr monteroyo_n a_o portugese_n have_v suffer_v shipwreck_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o siam_n near_o patana_n the_o chabaudar_n or_o custom-house_n officer_n which_o he_o name_v chatir_n confiscate_v not_o only_o the_o ship_n and_o its_o cargo_n but_o monteroyo_n himself_o and_o some_o child_n allege_v that_o by_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whatever_o the_o sea_n cast_v upon_o the_o coast_n be_v the_o profit_n of_o his_o office_n it_o be_v true_a that_o this_o author_n add_v with_o great_a praise_n on_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n who_o then_o reign_v that_o this_o prince_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o portuguese_n which_o be_v at_o his_o court_n set_v monteroyo_n at_o liberty_n and_o restore_v he_o all_o the_o prize_n and_o the_o child_n but_o he_o subjoin_v also_o that_o it_o be_v out_o of_o charity_n and_o on_o the_o day_n that_o this_o prince_n go_v through_o the_o city_n mount_v on_o a_o white_a elephant_n to_o distribute_v alm_n to_o the_o people_n 5_o tchaou-mevang_a a_o continuance_n of_o the_o right_n or_o profit_n of_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a the_o tchaou-mevang_a arrogate_a to_o themselves_o all_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o frontier_n do_v levy_v when_o they_o can_v extraordinary_a tax_n on_o the_o people_n 6_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a do_v exercise_n commerce_n every_o where_o but_o under_o the_o name_n of_o their_o secretary_n or_o some_o other_o of_o their_o domestic_n and_o this_o last_o circumstance_n demonstrate_v that_o they_o have_v some_o shame_n and_o that_o the_o law_n perhaps_o prohibit_v they_o but_o that_o in_o this_o they_o be_v not_o more_o scrupulous_a than_o their_o king_n 7_o in_o some_o place_n where_o there_o be_v fishpond_n the_o tchaou-mevang_a take_v the_o best_a of_o the_o fish_n when_o the_o pond_n be_v empty_v but_o he_o take_v for_o his_o own_o use_n only_o and_o not_o to_o sell_v and_o the_o rest_n he_o leave_v to_o the_o people_n 8_o venison_n and_o salt_n be_v free_a throughout_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v lay_v no_o prohibition_n nor_o impost_n thereon_o salt_n be_v there_o of_o little_a value_n i_o have_v hear_v that_o they_o have_v rock-salt_n and_o they_o make_v it_o of_o sea-water_n some_o have_v tell_v i_o with_o the_o sun_n other_o with_o fire_n and_o perhaps_o both_o be_v true_a at_o the_o place_n where_o the_o shore_n be_v too_o high_a to_o receive_v the_o sea_n and_o in_o those_o where_o wood_n be_v not_o near_o at_o hand_n the_o salt_n may_v fail_v or_o cost_v too_o much_o to_o make_v as_o in_o the_o island_n of_o jonsalam_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o do_v rather_o choose_v to_o import_v their_o salt_n from_o tenasserim_n pouran_a the_o right_n or_o profit_n of_o the_o pouran_a the_o pouran_a or_o governor_n by_o commission_n have_v the_o same_o honour_n and_o the_o same_o authority_n as_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a but_o not_o the_o same_o profit_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n name_v the_o pouran_a upon_o two_o account_n either_o when_o he_o will_v have_v no_o tchaou-mevang_a or_o when_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a be_v oblige_v to_o absent_v himself_o from_o his_o government_n for_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a have_v no_o ordinary_a lieutenant_n who_o can_v supply_v his_o place_n in_o his_o absence_n as_o in_o france_n the_o chancellor_n have_v none_o in_o the_o first_o case_n the_o pouran_a have_v only_o the_o profit_n which_o the_o king_n assign_v he_o at_o name_v he_o in_o the_o second_o case_n he_o take_v the_o moiety_n of_o the_o profit_n from_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a and_o leave_v he_o the_o other_o moiety_n tribunal_n the_o name_n and_o function_n of_o the_o officer_n which_o compose_v a_o tribunal_n now_o follow_v the_o ordinary_a officer_n of_o a_o tribunal_n of_o judicature_n not_o that_o there_o be_v so_o many_o in_o every_o one_o but_o that_o in_o any_o one_o perhaps_o there_o be_v not_o more_o ocya_a tchaou-mevang_a the_o tchaou-mevang_a be_v not_o always_o ocya_a he_o have_v sometime_o another_o title_n and_o the_o other_o officer_n of_o his_o tribunal_n have_v always_o some_o title_n proportion_v to_o he_o oc-pra_a belat_n his_o name_n signify_v second_o but_o he_o preside_v not_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o tchaou_fw-la mevang_n because_o he_o have_v no_o determinative_a voice_n oc-pra_a jockebate_v a_o kind_n of_o attorney-general_n and_o his_o office_n be_v to_o be_v a_o strict_a spy_n upon_o the_o governor_n his_o office_n be_v not_o hereditary_a the_o king_n nominate_v some_o person_n of_o trust_n but_o experience_v evince_n that_o there_o be_v no_o fidelity_n in_o these_o man_n and_o that_o all_o the_o officer_n hold_v a_o private_a correspondence_n to_o pillage_v the_o people_n oc_fw-la pra_fw-la peun_fw-mi command_v the_o garrison_n if_o there_o be_v any_o but_o under_o the_o order_n of_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a and_o he_o have_v no_o authority_n over_o his_o soldier_n but_o when_o they_o be_v in_o the_o field_n oc-pra_a maha-tai_a be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o chief_z of_o the_o people_n his_o name_n seem_v to_o signify_v the_o great_a siamese_n for_o maha_n signify_v great_a and_o tai_n signify_v siamese_n it_o be_v he_o that_o levy_v the_o soldier_n or_o rather_o that_o demand_v they_o of_o the_o nai_n who_o send_v provision_n to_o the_o army_n who_o watch_v that_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o people_n be_v well_o make_v and_o who_o in_o general_a execute_v all_o the_o governor_n order_n which_o concern_v the_o people_n oc-pra_a sassedi_n make_v and_o keep_v the_o roll_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v a_o office_n very_o subject_a to_o corruption_n by_o reason_n that_o every_o particular_a person_n endeavour_v to_o get_v himself_o omit_v out_o of_o the_o roll_n for_o money_n the_o nai_n do_v likewise_o seek_v to_o favour_v those_o of_o their_o band_n who_o make_v present_n to_o they_o and_o to_o oppress_v those_o with_o labour_n who_o have_v nothing_o to_o give_v they_o the_o maha_n tai_n and_o the_o sassedi_n will_v prevent_v this_o disorder_n if_o they_o be_v not_o the_o first_o corrupt_v the_o sassedi_n begin_v to_o enter_v down_o child_n upon_o the_o roll_n when_o they_o be_v three_o or_o four_o year_n old_a oc-lovang-mevang_a be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o mayor_n of_o the_o city_n for_o as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v mevang_n signify_v city_n but_o as_o for_o what_o concern_v the_o title_n of_o oc-lovang_a it_o do_v not_o signify_v mayor_n and_o be_v no_o more_o apply_v to_o that_o office_n than_o another_o title_n this_o mayor_n take_v care_n of_o the_o polity_n and_o watch._n they_o keep_v a_o watch_n every_o night_n round_o the_o ambassador_n lodging_n as_o round_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n palace_n and_o this_o be_v a_o very_a great_a token_n of_o honour_n oc-lovang_a vang_z be_v the_o master_n of_o the_o governor_n palace_n for_o vang_z signify_v palace_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v repair_v he_o command_v the_o governor_n guard_n and_o even_o their_o captain_n and_o in_o a_o word_n he_o order_v in_o the_o governor_n palace_n whatever_o have_v relation_n to_o the_o governor_n charge_n oc-lovang-peng_a keep_v the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o custom_n according_a to_o which_o they_o judge_v and_o when_o judgement_n be_v pass_v he_o read_v the_o article_n thereof_o which_o serve_v for_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o process_n and_o in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v he_o that_o pronounce_v the_o sentence_n oc-lovang_a clang_n have_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o king_n magazine_n clang_n signify_v magazine_n he_o receive_v certain_a of_o the_o king_n revenue_n and_o sell_v to_o the_o people_n the_o king_n commodity_n that_o be_v to_o say_v those_o the_o trade_n of_o which_o the_o king_n appropriate_v to_o himself_o as_o in_o europe_n the_o prince_n
the_o king_n of_o his_o wife_n and_o of_o his_o eunuch_n and_o of_o all_o those_o who_o this_o prince_n maintain_v in_o the_o vang_z it_o be_v the_o ocya_a vang_z who_o after_o the_o example_n of_o all_o the_o other_o governor_n which_o have_v receive_v the_o king_n ambassador_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o their_o government_n come_v to_o receive_v they_o at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o vang_z and_o who_o introduce_v they_o to_o the_o audience_n of_o the_o king_n his_o master_n admit_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o palace_n and_o of_o the_o precaution_n with_o which_o person_n be_v admit_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o palace_n be_v always_o shut_v and_o behind_o each_o stand_v a_o porter_n who_o have_v some_o arm_n but_o who_o instead_o of_o bear_v they_o keep_v they_o in_o his_o lodge_n near_o the_o gate_n if_o any_o one_o knock_n the_o porter_n advertise_v the_o officer_n who_o command_v in_o the_o first_o enclosure_n and_o without_o who_o permission_n no_o person_n enter_v in_o nor_o go_v out_o but_o no_o person_n enter_v arm_v nor_o after_o have_v drink_v arak_fw-mi to_o assure_v himself_o that_o no_o drunken_a man_n enter_v therein_o wherefore_o the_o officer_n view_v and_o smell_v the_o breath_n of_o all_o those_o that_o must_v enter_v therein_o tchion_n the_o meuing_fw-mi tchion_n this_o office_n be_v double_a and_o those_o that_o be_v in_o it_o do_v serve_v alternate_o and_o by_o day_n the_o day_n of_o service_n they_o continue_v twenty_o four_o whole_a hour_n in_o the_o palace_n and_o the_o other_o day_n they_o may_v be_v at_o home_n their_o title_n be_v oc-meving_a tchion_n of_o rather_o pra_z meuing_fw-mi tchion_n for_o at_o the_o palace_n before_o the_o word_n meuing_fw-mi there_o be_v some_o who_o put_v the_o word_n pra_z instead_o of_o oc_n though_o some_o have_v tell_v i_o that_o it_o be_v oc-meving_a and_o not_o pra-meving_a that_o he_o must_v be_v always_o call_v it_o be_v one_o of_o these_o meuing_fw-mi tchion_n who_o bring_v the_o first_o compliment_n from_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n to_o the_o ambassador_n when_o they_o be_v in_o the_o road_n and_o who_o stay_v constant_o with_o they_o after_o they_o be_v land_v as_o mr._n torpff_n continue_v always_o with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o siam_n arms._n paint_a arms._n between_o the_o two_o first_o enclosure_n and_o under_o a_o penthouse_n be_v a_o small_a number_n of_o soldier_n unarm_v and_o stoop_a they_o be_v those_o kenhai_n or_o paint_a arm_n of_o who_o i_o have_v speak_v the_o officer_n who_o command_v they_o immediate_o and_o who_o be_v a_o painted-arm_a himself_o be_v call_v oncarac_n and_o he_o and_o they_o be_v the_o prince_n his_o executioner_n as_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n of_o the_o praetorian_a cohort_n be_v the_o executioner_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o omit_v not_o to_o watch_v the_o prince_n person_n for_o in_o the_o palace_n there_o be_v wherewith_o to_o arm_v they_o in_o case_n of_o need_n they_o row_v the_o balloon_n of_o state_n and_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v no_o other_o foot-guard_n their_o employment_n be_v hereditary_a like_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o ancient_a law_n import_v that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o exceed_v six_o hundred_o but_o this_o must_v doubtless_o be_v understand_v that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v no_o more_o than_o six_o hundred_o for_o the_o palace_n for_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v many_o more_o in_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o the_o state_n because_o that_o the_o king_n as_o i_o have_v say_v elsewhere_o give_v thereof_o to_o a_o very_a great_a number_n of_o officer_n show_n a_o guard_n of_o slave_n for_o a_o show_n but_o this_o prince_n be_v not_o content_v with_o this_o guard_n on_o day_n of_o ceremony_n as_o be_v that_o of_o the_o first_o audience_n of_o the_o king_n ambassador_n on_o such_o occasion_n he_o cause_v his_o slave_n to_o be_v arm_v and_o if_o their_o number_n be_v not_o sufficient_a the_o slave_n of_o the_o principal_a officer_n be_v arm_v he_o give_v to_o they_o all_o some_o muslin_n shirt_n die_v red_a musket_n or_o bow_n or_o lance_n and_o pot_n of_o gild_a wood_n on_o their_o head_n which_o for_o this_o purpose_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o magazine_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o which_o in_o my_o opinion_n determine_v the_o number_n of_o these_o soldier_n of_o show_n they_o form_v a_o double_a rank_n at_o the_o reception_n of_o mr._n de_fw-fr chaumont_n and_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v past_a those_o which_o he_o have_v leave_v behind_o make_v haste_n to_o get_v before_o by_o the_o byway_n to_o go_v to_o fill_v up_o the_o vacant_a place_n which_o be_v leave_v for_o they_o in_o our_o time_n they_o march_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o ambassador_n till_o they_o stop_v up_o the_o space_n through_o which_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v we_o also_o find_v part_n of_o these_o slave_n prostrate_v before_o the_o little_a stair_n which_o go_v up_o to_o the_o hall_n of_o audience_n some_o hold_v those_o little_a useless_a trumpet_n which_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o and_o other_o have_v before_o they_o those_o little_a drum_n which_o they_o never_o beat_v the_o meuing_fw-mi tchion_n be_v the_o nai_n of_o all_o these_o slave_n and_o these_o slave_n row_v the_o balon_n of_o the_o king_n retinue_n and_o be_v moreover_o employ_v on_o several_a work_n ancient_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v a_o japponese_a guard_n guard_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v no_o stand_v japponese_n guard_n compose_v of_o six_o hundred_o man_n but_o because_o these_o six_o hundred_o man_n alone_o can_v make_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o tremble_v when_o they_o please_v the_o present_a king_n father_n after_o have_v make_v use_v of_o they_o to_o invade_v the_o throne_n find_v out_o a_o way_n to_o rid_v himself_o of_o they_o more_o by_o policy_n than_o force_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n horse-guard_n be_v compose_v of_o man_n from_o laos_n laos_n the_o horse-guard_n from_o mien_n and_o laos_n and_o another_o neighbour_a country_n the_o chief_a city_n whereof_o be_v call_v mien_n and_o as_o the_o meens_n and_o laos_n do_v serve_v he_o by_o six_o month_n he_o make_v this_o guard_n as_o numerous_a as_o he_o please_v and_o as_o many_o horse_n as_o he_o will_v employ_v therein_o oc-coune_a run_v patchi_n command_v this_o guard_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n his_o son_n be_v in_o france_n and_o have_v for_o some_o year_n learn_v the_o trade_n of_o a_o fountain-maker_n at_o triannon_n oc-coune_a pipitcharatcha_n or_o as_o the_o people_n say_v oc-coune_a petratcha_n command_v the_o half_a of_o this_o guard_n which_o serve_v on_o the_o left_a hand_n but_o over_o these_o two_o officer_n ocya_a lao_n command_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o laos_n and_o ocya_a mien_n the_o guard_n of_o the_o mien_n and_o this_o ocya_a mien_n be_v a_o different_a person_n from_o he_o that_o prostitute_n lewd_a woman_n beside_o this_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v a_o foreign_a stand_a horse-guard_n horse-guard_n a_o foreign_a horse-guard_n which_o consist_v in_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o gentleman_n but_o neither_o they_o nor_o the_o mien_n nor_o the_o laos_n do_v ever_o keep_v guard_n in_o the_o palace_n notice_n be_v give_v they_o to_o accompany_v the_o king_n when_o he_o go_v out_o and_o thus_o all_o this_o be_v esteem_v the_o exterior_a service_n and_o not_o the_o interior_a service_n of_o the_o palace_n this_o foreign_a guard_n consist_v first_o in_o two_o company_n of_o thirty_o moor_n each_o compose_v of_o what_o it_o be_v compose_v native_n or_o original_o descend_v from_o the_o state_n of_o the_o mogul_n of_o a_o excellent_a mien_n but_o account_v coward_n second_o in_o a_o company_n of_o twenty_o chinese_n tartar_n arm_v with_o bow_n and_o arrow_n and_o formidable_a for_o their_o courage_n and_o last_o in_o two_o company_n of_o twenty_o five_o man_n each_o pagan_n of_o the_o true_a india_n habit_v like_o the_o moor_n which_o be_v call_v rasbouts_o or_o raggibouts_o who_o boast_v themselves_o to_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a blood_n and_o who_o courage_n be_v very_o famous_a though_o it_o be_v only_o the_o effect_n of_o opium_n as_o i_o have_v before_o remark_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n supply_v this_o whole_a guard_n with_o arm_n and_o with_o horse_n cost_v what_o it_o cost_v and_o beside_o this_o every_o moor_n cost_v he_o three_o catis_n and_o twelve_o teil_n a_o year_n that_o be_v to_o say_v 540_o livre_n or_o thereabouts_o and_o a_o red_a stuff_n vest_n and_o every_o of_o the_o two_o moorish_a captain_n five_o catis_fw-la and_o twelve_o teil_n or_o 840_o livre_n and_o a_o scarlet_a vest_n the_o raggibouts_o be_v maintain_v according_a to_o the_o same_o rate_n but_o every_o chinese_n tartar_n cost_v he_o only_o six_o teil_n or_o 45_o livre_n a_o year_n and_o their_o captain_n fifteen_o teil_n or_o 112_o livre_n ten_o sol_n
which_o be_v enrich_v with_o the_o inflexion_n of_o word_n like_o the_o language_n we_o have_v in_o europe_n the_o term_n of_o religion_n and_o justice_n the_o name_n of_o office_n and_o all_o the_o ornament_n of_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n be_v borrow_a from_o the_o balie_n in_o this_o language_n they_o compose_v their_o best_a song_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v at_o least_o that_o some_o foreign_a colony_n have_v former_o inhabit_v the_o country_n of_o siam_n and_o have_v carry_v thither_o a_o second_o language_n but_o this_o be_v a_o dispute_n that_o may_v be_v raise_v concern_v all_o the_o country_n of_o india_n for_o like_o siam_n they_o all_o have_v two_o language_n one_o of_o which_o be_v still_o remain_v only_o in_o their_o book_n the_o siamese_n assert_v that_o their_o law_n be_v foreign_a religion_n what_o the_o siameses_n report_n concern_v the_o origine_fw-la of_o their_o law_n and_o religion_n and_o come_v to_o they_o from_o the_o country_n of_o laos_n which_o have_v perhaps_o no_o other_o foundation_n than_o the_o conformity_n of_o the_o law_n of_o laos_n with_o those_o of_o siam_n even_o as_o there_o be_v a_o conformity_n between_o the_o religion_n of_o these_o two_o nation_n and_o with_o that_o of_o the_o peguin_n now_o this_o do_v not_o strict_o prove_v that_o any_o of_o these_o three_o kingdom_n have_v give_v its_o law_n and_o its_o religion_n to_o the_o rest_n see_v that_o it_o may_v happen_v that_o all_o the_o three_o may_v have_v derive_v their_o religion_n and_o their_o law_n from_o another_o common_a source_n however_o it_o be_v as_o the_o tradition_n be_v at_o siam_n that_o their_o law_n and_o king_n come_v from_o laos_n the_o same_o tradition_n run_v at_o laos_n that_o their_o king_n and_o most_o of_o their_o law_n come_v from_o siam_n language_n of_o the_o balie_n language_n the_o siamese_n speak_v not_o of_o any_o country_n where_o the_o balie_n language_n which_o be_v that_o of_o their_o law_n and_o their_o religion_n be_v now_o in_o use_n they_o suspect_v indeed_o according_a to_o the_o report_n of_o some_o among_o they_o which_o have_v be_v at_o the_o coast_n of_o coromandel_n that_o the_o balie_n language_n have_v some_o similitude_n with_o some_o one_o of_o the_o dialect_v of_o that_o country_n but_o they_o agree_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o balie_n language_n be_v know_v only_o among_o they_o the_o secular_a missionary_n establish_v at_o siam_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o language_n be_v not_o entire_o extinct_a by_o reason_n they_o see_v in_o their_o hospital_n a_o man_n come_v from_o about_o the_o cape_n of_o comorin_n who_o intersperse_v several_a balie_n word_n in_o his_o discourse_n affirm_v that_o they_o be_v use_v in_o his_o country_n and_o that_o he_o have_v never_o study_v and_o know_v only_o his_o mother_n tongue_n they_o moreover_o aver_v for_o truth_n that_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o siumese_n come_v from_o those_o quarter_n because_o that_o they_o have_v read_v in_o a_o balie_n book_n that_o sommona-codom_a who_o the_o siamese_n adore_v be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o king_n of_o the_o island_n of_o ceylon_n neighbour_n the_o siamese_n resemble_v their_o neighbour_n but_o set_v aside_o all_o these_o uncertainty_n the_o vulgar_a language_n of_o the_o siamese_n like_v in_o its_o simplicity_n to_o those_o of_o china_n tonquin_n cochinchina_n and_o the_o other_o state_n of_o the_o east_n sufficient_o evince_n that_o those_o who_o speak_v it_o be_v near_o of_o the_o same_o genius_n with_o their_o neighbour_n add_v hereunto_o their_o indian_a figure_n the_o colour_n of_o their_o complexion_n mix_v with_o red_a and_o brown_a which_o correspond_v neither_o to_o the_o north_n of_o asia_n europe_n nor_o africa_n add_v likewise_o their_o short_a nose_n round_v at_o the_o end_n as_o their_o neighbour_n general_o have_v it_o the_o upper_a bone_n of_o their_o cheek_n high_a and_o raise_v their_o eye_n slit_v a_o little_a upward_o their_o ear_n large_a than_o we_o in_o a_o word_n all_o the_o lineament_n of_o the_o indian_a and_o chinese_n physiognomy_n their_o countenance_n natural_o squeeze_v and_o bend_v like_o that_o of_o ape_n and_o a_o great_a many_o other_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v in_o common_a with_o these_o animal_n as_o well_o as_o a_o marvellous_a passion_n for_o child_n for_o nothing_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o tenderness_n which_o the_o great_a ape_n express_v to_o their_o cub_n except_o the_o love_n which_o the_o siamese_n have_v for_o all_o child_n whether_o for_o their_o own_o or_o those_o of_o another_o old_a the_o king_n of_o siam_n love_v child_n till_o 7_o or_o 8_o year_n old_a the_o king_n of_o siam_n himself_o be_v encompass_v with_o they_o and_o delight_n to_o educate_v they_o till_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n old_a after_o which_o as_o they_o lose_v the_o childish_a air_n they_o do_v also_o lose_v his_o favour_n one_o alone_o say_v some_o be_v there_o keep_v till_o between_o twenty_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o age_n and_o be_v still_o his_o favourite_n some_o do_v call_v he_o his_o adopt_a son_n other_o suspect_v he_o to_o be_v his_o bastard_n he_o be_v at_o least_o foster_n brother_n to_o his_o lawful_a daughter_n country_n that_o the_o siamese_n come_v not_o from_o far_o to_o inhabit_v their_o country_n but_o if_o you_o consider_v the_o extreme_o low_a land_n of_o siam_n that_o they_o seem_v to_o escape_v the_o sea_n as_o it_o be_v by_o miracle_n and_o that_o they_o lie_v annual_o under_o rain_n water_n for_o several_a month_n the_o almost_o infinite_a number_n of_o very_o incommodious_a infect_v which_o they_o engender_v and_o the_o excessive_a heat_n of_o the_o climate_n under_o which_o they_o be_v seat_v it_o be_v difficult_a to_o comprehend_v that_o other_o can_v resolve_v to_o inhabit_v they_o except_v such_o as_o come_v thither_o by_o little_a and_o little_a from_o place_n adjacent_a and_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o they_o have_v be_v inhabit_v not_o many_o age_n if_o a_o judgement_n may_v be_v make_v thereof_o by_o the_o few_o wood_n that_o be_v stub_a as_o yet_o moreover_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o travel_v more_o to_o the_o north_n of_o siam_n to_o find_v out_o the_o warlike_a people_n which_o can_v yield_v those_o innumerable_a swarm_n of_o man_n which_o depart_v out_o of_o their_o own_o country_n to_o go_v and_o possess_v other_o and_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v stop_v on_o the_o road_n among_o some_o of_o those_o soft_a and_o effeminate_a people_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o country_n of_o the_o scythian_n and_o the_o wood_n and_o impassable_a river_n of_o the_o siamese_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o probable_a that_o the_o lesser_a siamese_n which_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o great_a and_o that_o the_o great_a withdraw_v into_o the_o mountain_n which_o they_o inhabit_v to_o free_v themselves_o from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n under_o which_o they_o be_v bear_v three_o baly_n alphabet_n kià _fw-la keù̈_n keuà _fw-la koù̈a_o koüà _fw-it ké_v kê_fw-la quoth_fw-mi kaou_fw-la koum_fw-la kam_fw-mi karama_n quoth_fw-mi koüaÃ_n keva_fw-it reu_fw-fr reû_fw-fr leu_n leû_fw-fr ca_o kha_n kha_n go_v nga_fw-mi tcha_fw-mi tcha_fw-mi tcha_fw-mi tcha_fw-mi ya_fw-mi thá_fw-fr than_z da_fw-mi na_fw-mi ta_o than_z tâ—a_o da_fw-mi na_fw-mi pa_z ppa_fw-la da_fw-mi i_o ca_o ra_fw-mi la_fw-fr va_fw-la ta_o ha_o la_fw-fr ang_fw-mi ka_o kaa_o ki_v ku_n kou_n koû_fw-fr ke_n kái_fw-it quoth_fw-mi káon_fw-gr kamÌ€_n ká_fw-fr ka-na_a ka_o nâ_fw-la kad-ni_a kard_n kanou_n kanou_n ka-ne_a kanai_n ka_o na_fw-mi ka_o naoÅ„_n kananǵ_n ka-na_a the_o siamese_n cipher_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o 10_o the_o siamese_n numeral_a name_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o 10_o 11_o 12_o 20_o 30_o a_o smoke_v instrument_n which_o the_o modâ—â—_n of_o siamâ—do_n use_n aa_n a_o pipe_n of_o bambou_n 8_o or_o 9_o footlong_o the_o chinese-chese-boord_n 1_o the_o king_n 2_o the_o guards_z 3_o the_o elephant_n 4_o the_o knight_n 5_o the_o wagon_n 6_o the_o canon_n 7_o the_o pawn_n 8_o the_o river_n a_o musical_a instrument_n with_o the_o bell_n the_o chinese_n abacus_fw-la or_o arithmetical_a instrume_n nt_o or_o count_v they_o inhabit_v different_a quarter_n in_o the_o city_n or_o suburb_n of_o siam_n numerous_a the_o people_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n not_o very_o numerous_a and_o yet_o this_o city_n be_v very_o little_o inhabit_v in_o respect_n to_o its_o bigness_n and_o the_o country_n much_o less_o in_o proportion_n it_o must_v be_v imagine_v that_o they_o desire_v not_o a_o great_a people_n for_o they_o count_v they_o every_o year_n and_o do_v well_o know_v what_o no_o person_n ignore_v that_o the_o only_a secret_a to_o increase_v they_o will_v be_v to_o ease_v they_o in_o the_o tax_n and_o imposition_n the_o siamese_n do_v therefore_o keep_v a_o exact_a account_n
great_a wife_n and_o then_o for_o her_o child_n who_o inherit_v from_o their_o parent_n by_o equal_a portion_n the_o little_a wife_n and_o their_o child_n may_v be_v sell_v by_o the_o heir_n and_o they_o have_v only_o what_o the_o heir_n give_v they_o or_o what_o the_o father_n before_o his_o death_n have_v give_v they_o from_o hand_n to_o hand_n for_o the_o siamese_n know_v not_o the_o use_n of_o wi_n the_o daughter_n be_v bear_v of_o the_o little_a wife_n be_v sell_v to_o be_v themselves_o little_a wife_n and_o the_o most_o powerful_a purchase_v the_o handsome_a without_o have_v any_o regard_n to_o the_o parent_n from_o who_o they_o descend_v do_v after_o this_o manner_n make_v very_o unequal_a alliance_n and_o those_o with_o who_o they_o make_v they_o do_v not_o thereby_o acquire_v any_o more_o honour_n or_o protection_n siamese_n wherein_o consist_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o siamese_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o siamese_n consist_v chief_o in_o movable_n if_o they_o have_v land_n they_o have_v not_o much_o by_o reason_n they_o can_v obtain_v the_o full_a property_n thereof_o it_o belong_v always_o to_o their_o king_n who_o at_o his_o pleasure_n take_v away_o the_o land_n which_o he_o have_v sell_v to_o particular_a person_n and_o who_o frequent_o take_v they_o again_o without_o return_v the_o value_n nevertheless_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n be_v that_o land_n shall_v be_v hereditary_a in_o family_n and_o that_o particular_a person_n may_v sell_v they_o one_o to_o another_o but_o this_o prince_n have_v regard_n only_o to_o this_o law_n as_o far_o as_o it_o suit_v he_o because_o it_o can_v prejudice_v his_o demesne_n which_o general_o extend_v over_o all_o that_o his_o subject_n possess_v this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o they_o get_v as_o few_o immovables_n as_o they_o can_v and_o that_o they_o always_o endeavour_v to_o conceal_v their_o movable_n from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o king_n and_o because_o that_o diamond_n be_v movable_n the_o most_o easy_a to_o hide_v and_o transport_v they_o be_v mighty_o seek_v after_o at_o siam_n and_o in_o all_o india_n and_o they_o sell_v they_o very_o dear_a sometime_o the_o indian_a lord_n do_v at_o their_o death_n give_v part_n of_o their_o estate_n to_o the_o king_n their_o master_n to_o secure_v the_o rest_n to_o their_o family_n and_o this_o general_o succeed_v the_o family_n be_v almost_o all_o happy_a at_o siam_n divorce_n a_o divorce_n as_o may_v be_v judge_v by_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o wife_n in_o nourish_v their_o husband_n whilst_o he_o serve_v the_o king_n a_o service_n which_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o oppression_n last_v not_o only_o six_o month_n in_o a_o year_n but_o sometime_o one_o two_o and_o three_o year_n together_o but_o when_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n can_v support_v one_o another_o they_o have_v the_o remedy_n of_o divorce_n it_o be_v true_a that_o it_o be_v in_o practice_n only_o among_o the_o populace_n the_o rich_a who_o have_v several_a wife_n do_v equal_o keep_v those_o they_o love_v not_o and_o those_o they_o love_v the_o husband_n be_v natural_o the_o master_n of_o the_o divorce_n thereof_o what_o be_v the_o law_n thereof_o but_o he_o never_o refuse_v it_o to_o his_o wife_n when_o she_o absolute_o desire_v it_o he_o restore_v her_o portion_n to_o she_o and_o their_o child_n be_v divide_v among_o they_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o mother_n have_v the_o first_o the_o three_o the_o five_o and_o so_o all_o the_o odd_a one_o the_o father_n have_v the_o second_o four_o six_o and_o all_o the_o even_a one_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o if_o there_o be_v no_o more_o than_o one_o child_n it_o be_v for_o the_o mother_n and_o that_o if_o the_o number_n of_o child_n be_v unequal_a the_o mother_n have_v one_o more_o whether_o that_o they_o judge_v the_o mother_n will_v take_v more_o care_n thereof_o than_o the_o father_n or_o that_o have_v bear_v they_o in_o her_o womb_n or_o nourish_v they_o with_o her_o milk_n she_o seem_v to_o have_v a_o great_a right_o therein_o than_o the_o father_n or_o that_o be_v weak_a she_o have_v more_o need_n of_o the_o succour_n of_o her_o child_n than_o he_o after_o the_o divorce_n consequence_n and_o the_o consequence_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n to_o marry_v again_o with_o who_o they_o please_v and_o it_o be_v free_a for_o the_o woman_n to_o do_v it_o in_o the_o very_a day_n of_o the_o divorce_n they_o not_o trouble_v themselves_o with_o the_o doubt_n that_o may_v thence_o arise_v touch_v the_o father_n of_o the_o first_o child_n that_o may_v be_v bear_v after_o the_o second_o marriage_n they_o rely_v on_o what_o the_o wife_n say_v thereof_o a_o great_a sign_n of_o the_o little_a jealousy_n of_o this_o people_n but_o though_o the_o divorce_n be_v permit_v they_o yet_o they_o consider_v it_o as_o a_o very_a great_a evil_n and_o as_o the_o almost_o certain_a ruin_n of_o the_o child_n which_o be_v ordinary_o very_o ill_o treat_v in_o the_o second_o marriage_n of_o their_o parent_n so_o that_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o cause_n assign_v why_o the_o country_n be_v not_o populous_a although_o the_o siamese_n be_v fruitful_a and_o do_v very_o frequent_o bring_v twin_n the_o power_n of_o the_o husband_n be_v despotical_a in_o his_o family_n power_n of_o the_o paternal_a power_n even_o to_o the_o sell_v his_o child_n and_o wife_n his_o principal_a wife_n except_v who_o he_o can_v only_o repudiate_v the_o widow_n inherit_v the_o power_n of_o their_o husband_n with_o this_o restriction_n that_o they_o can_v sell_v the_o child_n which_o they_o have_v of_o the_o even_a number_n if_o the_o father_n relation_n oppose_v it_o for_o the_o child_n dare_v not_o after_o the_o divorce_n the_o father_n and_o mother_n may_v each_o sell_v the_o child_n which_o fall_v to_o they_o by_o lot_n according_a to_o the_o division_n i_o have_v mention_v but_o the_o parent_n can_v kill_v their_o child_n nor_o the_o husband_n his_o wife_n by_o reason_n that_o in_o general_a all_o murder_n be_v prohibit_v at_o siam_n the_o love_n of_o free_a person_n be_v not_o ignominious_a at_o least_o among_o the_o populace_n conversation_n amorous_n conversation_n it_o be_v there_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o marriage_n and_o incontinency_n as_o a_o divorce_n nevertheless_o the_o parent_n do_v careful_o watch_v their_o daughter_n as_o i_o have_v say_v and_o child_n be_v not_o where_o permit_v to_o dispose_v of_o themselves_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o paternal_a power_n which_o be_v the_o most_o natural_a of_o all_o law_n moreover_o the_o siamese_n be_v natural_o too_o proud_a easy_o to_o give_v themselves_o to_o foreigner_n or_o at_o least_o to_o invite_v they_o the_o peguin_n which_o be_v at_o siam_n as_o be_v stranger_n themselves_o do_v more_o high_o esteem_v of_o foreigner_n and_o do_v pass_v for_o debauch_a person_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o those_o who_o understand_v not_o that_o they_o seek_v a_o husband_n thus_o they_o continue_v faithful_a until_o they_o be_v abandon_v and_o if_o they_o prove_v big_a with_o child_n they_o be_v not_o less_o esteem_v among_o those_o of_o their_o nation_n and_o they_o do_v even_o glory_n in_o have_v have_v a_o white_a man_n for_o a_o husband_n it_o may_v be_v also_o that_o they_o be_v of_o a_o more_o amorous_a complexion_n than_o the_o siamese_n they_o have_v at_o least_o more_o spirit_n and_o briskness_n it_o be_v a_o establish_a opinion_n in_o the_o indies_n that_o the_o people_n have_v more_o or_o less_o vigour_n and_o spirit_n according_a as_o they_o be_v near_o or_o remote_a from_o pegu._n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o education_n of_o the_o siamese_n child_n and_o first_o of_o their_o civility_n parent_n the_o love_n of_o the_o siamese_n child_n for_o their_o parent_n the_o siamese_n child_n have_v docility_n and_o sweetness_n provide_v they_o be_v not_o discountenance_v their_o parent_n know_v how_o to_o make_v themselves_o extreme_o belove_v and_o respect_v and_o to_o inspire_v a_o extreme_a civility_n in_o they_o their_o instruction_n be_v marvellous_o assist_v by_o the_o despotic_a power_n which_o i_o have_v say_v they_o have_v in_o their_o family_n but_o the_o parent_n do_v also_o answer_v unto_o the_o prince_n for_o the_o fault_n of_o their_o child_n they_o share_v in_o their_o chastisement_n and_o more_o especial_o be_v oblige_v to_o deliver_v they_o up_o when_o they_o have_v offend_v and_o though_o the_o son_n be_v flee_v he_o never_o fail_v to_o return_v and_o surrender_v himself_o when_o the_o prince_n apprehend_v his_o father_n or_o his_o mother_n or_o his_o other_o collateral_a relation_n but_o old_a than_o himself_o and_o to_o who_o he_o owe_v respect_n and_o this_o be_v a_o great_a proof_n of_o the_o love_n of_o the_o siamese_n child_n to_o their_o parent_n siamese_n civility_n necessary_a to_o the_o siamese_n as_o to_o civility_n it_o be_v so_o great_a
be_v in_o all_o house_n a_o little_a furnish_v they_o make_v use_v of_o spitting-pot_n which_o they_o carry_v in_o their_o hand_n in_o the_o king_n palace_n they_o neither_o cough_n nor_o spit_v nor_o wipe_v their_o nose_n the_o betel_a which_o they_o continual_o chew_v and_o the_o juice_n of_o which_o they_o swallow_v at_o pleasure_n hinder_v they_o nevertheless_o they_o can_v take_v betel_a in_o the_o prince_n presence_n but_o only_o continue_v to_o chew_v that_o which_o they_o have_v already_o in_o their_o mouth_n they_o refuse_v nothing_o that_o be_v offer_v they_o and_o dare_v not_o to_o say_v i_o have_v enough_o as_o the_o most_o eminent_a place_n be_v always_o among_o they_o the_o most_o honourable_a siamese_n what_o be_v the_o great_a affront_n among_o the_o siamese_n the_o head_n as_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v also_o the_o most_o respect_a to_o touch_v any_o person_n on_o the_o head_n or_o the_o hair_n or_o to_o stroke_v one_o hand_n over_o the_o head_n be_v to_o offer_v he_o the_o great_a of_o all_o affront_n to_o touch_v his_o bonnet_n if_o he_o leave_v it_o any_o where_o be_v a_o great_a incivility_n the_o mode_n of_o this_o country_n among_o the_o european_n which_o dwell_v there_o be_v never_o to_o leave_v their_o hat_n in_o a_o low_a place_n but_o to_o give_v it_o to_o a_o servant_n who_o carry_v it_o high_o than_o his_o head_n at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o stick_n and_o without_o touch_v it_o and_o this_o stick_n have_v a_o foot_n to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v stand_v up_o if_o he_o that_o carry_v it_o be_v oblige_v to_o leave_v it_o the_o most_o respectful_a or_o to_o say_v better_o the_o most_o humble_a posture_n respectful_a what_o posture_n be_v more_o or_o less_o respectful_a be_v that_o in_o which_o they_o do_v all_o keep_v themselves_o continual_o before_o their_o king_n in_o which_o they_o express_v to_o he_o more_o respect_n than_o the_o chineses_n do_v to_o they_o they_o keep_v themselves_o prostrate_a on_o their_o knee_n and_o elbow_n with_o their_o hand_n join_v at_o the_o top_n of_o their_o forehead_n and_o their_o body_n seat_v on_o their_o heel_n to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v lean_v less_o on_o their_o elbow_n and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v possible_a without_o assist_v themselves_o with_o their_o hand_n but_o keep_v they_o still_o join_v to_o the_o top_n of_o their_o forehead_n to_o raise_v themselves_o on_o their_o knee_n and_o fall_v again_o upon_o their_o elbow_n as_o they_o do_v thrice_o together_o as_o often_o as_o they_o will_v speak_v to_o their_o king_n i_o have_v remark_v that_o when_o they_o be_v thus_o prostrate_a they_o lean_v their_o backpart_n on_o one_o side_n or_o other_o as_o much_o as_o possible_o they_o can_v without_o displace_v their_o knee_n as_o it_o be_v to_o lessen_v and_o undervalue_v themselves_o the_o more_o by_o the_o same_o principle_n it_o be_v not_o only_o more_o honourable_a according_a to_o they_o to_o be_v seat_v on_o a_o high_a seat_n than_o on_o a_o low_a seat_n but_o it_o be_v much_o more_o honourable_a to_o be_v stand_v than_o sit_v when_o mr._n de_fw-fr chaumont_n have_v his_o first_o audience_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o french_a gentleman_n which_o accompany_v he_o shall_v enter_v first_o into_o the_o hall_n and_o seat_n themselves_o on_o their_o heel_n before_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n appear_v to_o the_o end_n that_o this_o prince_n may_v not_o see_v they_o a_o moment_n stand_v they_o be_v prohibit_v to_o rise_v up_o to_o salute_v he_o when_o he_o appear_v this_o prince_n never_o suffer_v the_o bishop_n nor_o the_o jesuit_n to_o appear_v stand_v before_o he_o in_o the_o audience_n it_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o stand_v in_o any_o place_n of_o the_o palace_n unless_o while_o walk_v and_o if_o in_o this_o last_o voyage_n of_o 1687_o at_o the_o first_o audience_n of_o the_o king_n ambassador_n the_o french_a gentleman_n have_v the_o honour_n of_o enter_v when_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n be_v already_o visible_a it_o be_v only_o because_o the_o mandarin_n which_o have_v accompany_v the_o ambassador_n of_o siam_n into_o france_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o gallery_n of_o versailles_n when_o the_o king_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o throne_n which_o he_o have_v erect_v there_o france_n how_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n accomodate_v the_o ceremony_n of_o his_o court_n to_o those_o of_o the_o court_n of_o france_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v that_o respect_n for_o the_o king_n of_o france_n as_o to_o acquaint_v he_o by_o mr._n de_fw-fr chaumont_n that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o custom_n in_o his_o court_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o court_n of_o france_n he_o will_v alter_v it_o and_o when_o the_o king_n ambassador_n arrive_v in_o this_o country_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n affect_v indeed_o to_o make_v they_o a_o reception_n different_a in_o several_a thing_n from_o that_o which_o he_o have_v make_v to_o mr._n de_fw-fr chaumont_n to_o conform_v it_o the_o more_o to_o that_o which_o he_o understand_v the_o king_n have_v make_v to_o his_o ambassador_n he_o do_v one_o thing_n when_o mr._n des_fw-fr farges_n salute_v he_o which_o never_o have_v any_o precedent_n at_o siam_n for_o he_o command_v that_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o his_o court_n shall_v stand_v in_o his_o presence_n as_o do_v mr._n des_fw-fr farges_n and_o the_o other_o french_a officer_n which_o accompany_v he_o sit_v why_o i_o choose_v to_o speak_v to_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n rather_o stand_v than_o sit_v remember_v therefore_o that_o mr._n de_fw-fr chaumont_n have_v demand_v to_o compliment_v he_o sit_v and_o know_v that_o his_o ambassador_n have_v speak_v stand_v to_o the_o king_n a_o honour_n which_o he_o high_o esteem_v he_o inform_v i_o that_o he_o will_v grant_v i_o the_o liberty_n to_o speak_v to_o he_o sit_v or_o stand_v and_o i_o choose_v to_o deliver_v all_o my_o compliment_n stand_v and_o if_o i_o can_v have_v raise_v myself_o high_a i_o shall_v have_v receive_v more_o honour_n it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n as_o they_o inform_v i_o a_o mark_n of_o respect_n for_o the_o king_n letter_n not_o to_o receive_v they_o stand_v but_o sit_v civility_n another_o siamese_n civility_n to_o lay_v a_o thing_n upon_o one_o head_n which_o be_v give_v or_o receive_v be_v at_o siam_n and_o in_o a_o great_a many_o other_o country_n a_o very_a great_a mark_n of_o respect_n the_o spaniard_n for_o example_n be_v oblige_v by_o a_o express_a law_n to_o render_v this_o respect_n to_o the_o cedule_n or_o write_v order_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o their_o king_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n be_v please_v to_o see_v i_o put_v the_o king_n letter_n on_o my_o head_n in_o deliver_v it_o to_o he_o he_o cry_v out_o and_o demand_v where_o i_o have_v learn_v that_o civility_n use_v in_o his_o country_n he_o have_v lift_v up_o to_o his_o forehead_n the_o king_n letter_n which_o mr._n de_fw-fr chaumont_n deliver_v he_o but_o understanding_n by_o the_o report_n of_o his_o ambassador_n that_o this_o civility_n be_v not_o know_v in_o the_o court_n of_o france_n he_o omit_v it_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o king_n letter_n which_o i_o have_v the_o honour_n to_o deliver_v he_o siamese_n the_o manner_n of_o salute_v among_o the_o siamese_n when_o a_o siamese_n salute_v he_o lift_v up_o either_o both_o his_o hand_n join_v or_o at_o least_o his_o right_a hand_n to_o the_o top_n of_o his_o forehead_n as_o it_o be_v to_o put_v he_o who_o he_o salute_v on_o his_o head_n as_o often_o as_o they_o take_v the_o liberty_n to_o answer_v to_o their_o king_n they_o always_o begin_v again_o with_o these_o word_n pra_fw-la pouti_fw-la tchaou-ca_a co_z rap_o pra_fw-la ouncan_fw-fr sai_fw-fr claou_fw-la sai_fw-fr cramom_n that_o be_v to_o say_v high_a and_o mighty_a lord_n of_o i_o thy_o slave_n i_o desire_v to_o take_v thy_o royal_a word_n and_o put_v it_o on_o my_o brain_n and_o on_o the_o top_n of_o my_o head_n and_o it_o be_v from_o these_o word_n tchaou-ca_a which_o signify_v lord_n of_o i_o thy_o slave_n that_o among_o the_o french_a be_v spring_v up_o this_o way_n of_o speak_v fair_a choca_fw-mi to_o signify_v ta_o vai_fw-fr bang_n come_v or_o to_o prostrate_v himself_o after_o the_o siamese_n manner_n fair_a la_fw-fr zombaye_n to_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n signify_v to_o present_v he_o a_o petition_n which_o can_v be_v do_v without_o perform_v the_o cocha_n i_o know_v not_o from_o whence_o the_o portuguese_n have_v borrow_a this_o way_n of_o speak_v if_o you_o stretch_v out_o your_o hand_n to_o a_o siamese_n to_o take_v hold_n on_o he_o he_o put_v both_o his_o hand_n underneath_o you_o as_o to_o put_v himself_o entire_o into_o your_o power_n it_o be_v a_o incivility_n in_o their_o opinion_n to_o give_v only_o one_o hand_n as_o also_o not_o to_o hold_v
have_v also_o other_o dignity_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o they_o contain_v but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o believe_v that_o these_o city_n have_v ever_o be_v so_o populous_a as_o the_o title_n of_o their_o governor_n import_n by_o reason_n as_o i_o have_v often_o allege_v that_o these_o people_n be_v very_o proud_a in_o title_n only_o the_o great_a title_n be_v give_v to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o big_a city_n and_o the_o least_o title_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n less_o inhabit_v thus_o the_o city_n of_o metac_a of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v at_o the_o beginning_n have_v a_o governor_n call_v pa-ya-tac_a and_o the_o word_n i_o which_o signify_v mother_n and_o which_o be_v join_v to_o tac_n seem_v to_o intimate_v that_o the_o city_n of_o metac_a be_v very_o great_a the_o city_n of_o porselouc_n have_v also_o a_o pa-ya_a tenasserim_n ligor_fw-la corazema_fw-la and_o other_o have_v still_o some_o ocya_a lesser_a city_n as_o pipeli_n and_o bancock_n have_v the_o oc-pra_a other_o have_v the_o oc-lovang_a or_o the_o oc-counnes_a and_o the_o least_o of_o all_o have_v the_o oc-meving_a the_o portuguese_n have_v translate_v these_o title_n according_a to_o their_o fancy_n by_o those_o of_o king_n viceroy_n duke_n marquis_n earl_n etc._n etc._n they_o have_v give_v the_o title_n of_o kingdom_n to_o metac_n tenassarim_n porselouc_n ligor_fw-la and_o pipeli_n either_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o hereditary_a governor_n or_o for_o have_v be_v like_o pipeli_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n and_o to_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n they_o have_v give_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n because_o the_o spaniard_n have_v ever_o think_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o king_n that_o have_v other_o king_n for_o feudatary_n so_o that_o upon_o this_o single_a reason_n some_o king_n of_o castille_n have_v bear_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n give_v to_o their_o child_n the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o the_o several_a kingdom_n which_o be_v unite_v to_o their_o crown_n province_n the_o dignity_n of_o the_o siamese_n be_v not_o annex_v to_o the_o single_a government_n of_o city_n or_o province_n to_o return_v to_o the_o title_n of_o the_o siamese_n they_o be_v give_v not_o only_o to_o the_o governor_n but_o to_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n because_o that_o they_o be_v all_o nai_n and_o the_o same_o title_n be_v not_o always_o join_v to_o the_o same_o office_n the_o barcalon_n for_o example_n have_v sometime_o have_v that_o of_o pa-ya_a as_o some_o have_v inform_v i_o and_o now_o he_o have_v only_o that_o of_o ocya_a but_o if_o a_o man_n have_v two_o office_n he_o may_v have_v two_o different_a title_n in_o respect_n to_o his_o two_o office_n and_o it_o be_v not_o rare_a that_o one_o man_n have_v two_o office_n one_o in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o other_o in_o the_o province_n or_o rather_o one_o in_o title_n and_o the_o other_o by_o commission_n thus_o ocya_a prasedet_a who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o city_n of_o siam_n in_o title_n be_v now_o ocya_a barcalon_n by_o commission_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n find_v it_o his_o interest_n because_o that_o upon_o this_o account_n he_o give_v not_o to_o one_o officer_n a_o double_a salary_n relation_n the_o equivocation_n which_o this_o cause_n in_o relation_n but_o this_o multiplication_n of_o office_n on_o the_o same_o head_n cause_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o obscurity_n and_o equivocation_n in_o the_o ancient_a relation_n of_o siam_n because_o that_o when_o a_o man_n have_v two_o office_n he_o have_v two_o title_n and_o two_o name_n and_o when_o the_o relation_n import_v that_o such_o a_o ocya_a for_o example_n be_v concern_v in_o such_o a_o thing_n one_o be_v incline_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o relation_n have_v style_v this_o ocya_a by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o function_n which_o it_o attribute_n to_o he_o and_o frequent_o it_o have_v name_v he_o by_o the_o title_n of_o another_o office_n thus_o if_o a_o relation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n make_v by_o a_o siamese_n shall_v intimate_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o mayne_n be_v general_n of_o the_o swiss_n the_o siamese_n may_v groundless_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o every_o general_n of_o the_o swiss_n bear_v the_o title_n of_o duke_n of_o mayne_n and_o this_o be_v what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v touch_v the_o people_n of_o siam_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n in_o general_n mandarin_n the_o proper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n mandarin_n the_o portuguese_n have_v general_o call_v all_o the_o officer_n throughout_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o the_o east_n mandarin_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o they_o have_v form_v this_o word_n from_o that_o of_o mandar_fw-la which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v to_o command_v navarette_n who_o i_o have_v already_o cite_v be_v of_o this_o opinion_n and_o we_o may_v confirm_v it_o because_o that_o the_o arabian_a word_n emir_n which_o be_v use_v at_o the_o court_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n and_o in_o several_a other_o mahometan_a court_n of_o the_o indies_n to_o signify_v the_o officer_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o arabian_a verb_n amara_fw-la which_o signify_v to_o command_v the_o word_n mandarin_n extend_v also_o to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o principal_a officer_n which_o be_v consider_v as_o child_n of_o quality_n call_v mon_n in_o siamese_n but_o i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o the_o word_n mandarin_n only_o to_o signify_v the_o officer_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n therefore_o make_v no_o considerable_a mandarin_n mandarin_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n give_v name_n to_o the_o considerable_a mandarin_n but_o he_o give_v he_o a_o new_a name_n a_o custom_n establish_v also_o at_o china_n and_o in_o other_o state_n of_o the_o east_n this_o name_n be_v always_o a_o elogium_fw-la sometime_o it_o be_v purposely_o invent_v like_o that_o which_o he_o give_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o metelpolis_n and_o like_o those_o which_o he_o give_v to_o the_o foreigner_n that_o be_v at_o his_o court_n but_o oftentimes_o these_o name_n be_v ancient_a and_o know_v for_o have_v be_v former_o give_v to_o other_o and_o those_o be_v the_o most_o honourable_a which_o have_v be_v heretofore_o bear_v by_o person_n very_o high_o advance_v in_o dignity_n or_o by_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n and_o although_o such_o name_n be_v not_o always_o accompany_v with_o office_n and_o authority_n they_o cease_v not_o to_o be_v a_o great_a mark_n of_o favour_n it_o likewise_o happen_v that_o the_o same_o name_n be_v give_v to_o several_a person_n of_o different_a dignity_n so_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o one_o for_o example_n will_v call_v himself_o oc-pra_a pipitcharatcha_n and_o the_o other_o oc-counne_a pipitcharatcha_n these_o name_n of_o which_o the_o first_o word_n be_v only_o speak_v and_o which_o do_v every_o one_o make_v a_o period_n be_v take_v almost_o all_o entire_a out_o of_o the_o baly_n tongue_n and_o be_v not_o always_o well_o understand_v but_o this_o and_o the_o style_n of_o the_o law_n which_o participate_v very_o much_o of_o the_o baly_n and_o the_o book_n of_o religion_n which_o be_v baly_n be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n ought_v not_o to_o ignore_v this_o tongue_n forasmuch_o as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o say_v it_o lend_v all_o its_o ornament_n to_o the_o siamese_n and_o that_o oftentimes_o they_o do_v elegant_o intermix_v they_o either_o in_o speak_v or_o in_o writing_n the_o law_n of_o the_o state_n be_v that_o all_o office_n shall_v be_v hereditary_a hereditary_a all_o office_n be_v hereditary_a and_o the_o same_o law_n be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o laos_n and_o be_v ancient_o at_o china_n but_o the_o sell_n of_o office_n be_v not_o there_o permit_v and_o moreover_o the_o least_o fault_n of_o the_o patent_n or_o the_o capricious_a humour_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o dotage_n of_o the_o inheritor_n may_v take_v away_o the_o office_n from_o the_o family_n and_o when_o this_o happen_v it_o be_v always_o without_o recompense_n very_o few_o family_n do_v long_o maintain_v themselves_o therein_o especial_o in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o court_n which_o be_v more_o than_o the_o rest_n under_o the_o master_n power_n moreover_o no_o officer_n at_o siam_n have_v any_o salary_n the_o prince_n lodge_v they_o office_n the_o profit_n of_o the_o office_n which_o be_v no_o great_a matter_n and_o give_v they_o some_o moveable_n as_o box_n of_o glod_n or_o silver_n for_o betel_n some_o arm_n and_o a_o balloon_n some_o beast_n as_o elephant_n horse_n and_o buffalo_n some_o service_n slave_n and_o in_o fine_a some_o arable_a land_n all_o which_o return_v to_o the_o king_n with_o the_o office_n and_o which_o do_v principal_o make_v the_o king_n to_o be_v the_o heir_n of_o his_o officer_n but_o the_o principal_a gain_n of_o the_o office_n
do_v general_o appropriate_v the_o trade_n of_o salt_n to_o themselves_o oc-lovang_a couca_n have_v the_o inspection_n over_o foreigner_n he_o protect_v they_o or_o accuse_v they_o to_o the_o governor_n moreover_o there_o be_v some_o officer_n in_o every_o superior_a tribunal_n to_o send_v to_o the_o inferior_a justice_n when_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a or_o pouran_n be_v dead_a whilst_o that_o the_o king_n fill_v the_o place_n and_o the_o number_n of_o these_o officer_n be_v as_o great_a as_o that_o of_o the_o inferior_a justice_n oc-lovang_a or_o oc-counne_a coeng_n be_v the_o provost_n he_o be_v always_o arm_v with_o a_o sabre_n and_o have_v paint_a arm_n like_o archer_n oc-counne_a pa-ya_a bat_n be_v the_o keeper_n of_o the_o goal_n or_o prison_n and_o the_o word_n pa-ya_a which_o the_o portuguese_n have_v translate_v by_o that_o of_o prince_n seem_v exceed_o vilify_v in_o the_o title_n of_o this_o office_n nai-goug_a be_v the_o true_a gaoler_n couc_n signify_v a_o prison_n and_o nothing_o be_v more_o cruel_a than_o the_o prison_n of_o siam_n they_o be_v cage_n of_o bambou_n expose_v to_o all_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o air._n oc-counne_a narin_n command_v those_o that_o have_v the_o care_n of_o the_o elephant_n which_o the_o king_n have_v in_o the_o province_n for_o there_o be_v some_o in_o several_a place_n because_o it_o will_v be_v difficult_a to_o lodge_v and_o feed_v a_o very_a great_a number_n of_o elephant_n together_o oc-counne_a nai-rang_a be_v the_o purveyor_n of_o the_o elephant_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v a_o officer_n in_o every_o tribunal_n to_o read_v the_o tara_n or_o order_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o governor_n and_o a_o house_n in_o a_o eminent_a place_n for_o to_o keep_v they_o as_o within_o the_o enclosure_n of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n palace_n there_o be_v a_o single_a house_n on_o a_o eminent_a place_n to_o keep_v all_o the_o letter_n which_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n receive_v from_o other_o king_n these_o be_v the_o officer_n which_o be_v call_v from_o within_o beside_o these_o without_o a_o important_a distinction_n into_o officer_n within_o and_o officer_n without_o there_o be_v other_o which_z be_v call_v from_o without_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o province_n all_o have_v a_o entire_a dependence_n upon_o the_o governor_n and_o although_o those_o without_o have_v the_o like_a title_n yet_o they_o be_v very_o inferior_a to_o the_o officer_n within_o thus_o a_o oc-mevang_a within_o the_o palace_n be_v superior_a to_o a_o ocya_a without_o and_o in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o believe_v that_o all_o those_o who_o bear_v great_a title_n must_v always_o be_v great_a lord_n that_o infamous_a fellow_n who_o buy_v woman_n and_o maid_n to_o prostitute_v they_o bear_v the_o title_n of_o ocya_a he_o be_v call_v ocya_a mien_n and_o be_v a_o very_a contemptible_a person_n there_o be_v none_o but_o debauch_a person_n that_o have_v any_o correspondence_n with_o he_o every_o one_o of_o the_o officer_n within_o have_v his_o lieutenant_n in_o siamese_n balat_n and_o his_o register_n in_o siamese_n semien_n and_o in_o his_o house_n which_o the_o king_n give_v he_o he_o have_v general_o a_o hall_n to_o give_v his_o audience_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o judiciary_n stile_n and_o form_n of_o plead_v they_o have_v only_o one_o style_n for_o all_o matter_n in_o law_n style_n they_o have_v not_o a_o double_a style_n and_o they_o have_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o divide_v they_o into_o civil_a and_o criminal_a either_o because_o there_o be_v always_o some_o punishment_n due_a to_o he_o that_o be_v cast_v even_o in_o a_o matter_n pure_o civil_a or_o because_o that_o suit_n in_o matter_n pure_o civil_a be_v very_o rare_a there_o it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n among_o they_o that_o all_o process_n shall_v be_v in_o writing_n suit_n they_o plead_v only_o in_o writing_n and_o by_o give_v bail_n the_o function_n of_o the_o nai_n in_o law_n suit_n and_o that_o they_o plead_v not_o without_o 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decide_v these_o dispute_n and_o the_o sentence_n be_v pronounce_v upon_o the_o party_n and_o set_v down_o in_o write_v but_o if_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o all_o appearance_n of_o justice_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o jockebat_fw-la or_o the_o king_n attorney_n general_n to_o advertise_v the_o court_n thereof_o but_o not_o to_o oppose_v it_o attorney_n suit_n be_v a_o long_a time_n depend_v they_o have_v no_o advocate_n nor_o attorney_n every_o suit_n ought_v to_o end_v in_o three_o day_n and_o some_o there_o be_v which_o last_n three_o year_n the_o party_n do_v speak_v before_o the_o clerk_n who_o write_v down_o what_o they_o tell_v he_o and_o they_o speak_v either_o by_o themselves_o or_o by_o another_o but_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o this_o other_o who_o herein_o perform_v the_o office_n of_o a_o attorney_n or_o advocate_n shall_v be_v at_o least_o cousin_n
german_n to_o he_o for_o who_o he_o speak_v otherwise_o he_o will_v be_v punish_v and_o not_o hear_v produce_v before_o who_o they_o produce_v the_o clerk_n receive_v likewise_o all_o the_o title_n and_o deed_n but_o in_o presence_n of_o the_o court_n who_o count_v all_o the_o line_n thereof_o torture_n proof_n subsidiary_a to_o the_o torture_n when_o ordinary_a proof_n do_v not_o suffice_v they_o have_v recourse_n to_o torture_n in_o accusation_n which_o be_v very_o grievous_a upon_o this_o account_n and_o they_o apply_v it_o rigorous_o and_o in_o several_a way_n or_o rather_o they_o use_v the_o proof_n of_o water_n and_o of_o fire_n or_o of_o some_o other_o as_o superstitious_a but_o not_o of_o duel_v fire_n the_o proof_n of_o the_o fire_n in_o the_o proof_n of_o fire_n they_o erect_v a_o pile_n of_o faggot_n in_o a_o ditch_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o pile_n be_v level_a with_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o ditch_n this_o pile_n be_v five_o fathomslong_v and_o one_o broad_a both_o the_o party_n do_v walk_v with_o their_o naked_a foot_n from_o one_o end_n to_o the_o other_o and_o he_o that_o have_v not_o the_o sole_a of_o his_o foot_n hurt_n gain_v his_o suit_n but_o as_o they_o be_v accustom_v to_o go_v with_o naked_a foot_n and_o that_o they_o have_v the_o sole_a of_o the_o foot_n hard_o like_o horn_n they_o say_v that_o it_o be_v very_o common_a that_o the_o fire_n spare_v they_o provide_v they_o rest_v the_o foot_n upon_o the_o coal_n for_o the_o way_n to_o burn_v themselves_o be_v to_o go_v quick_a and_o light_o two_o man_n do_v general_o walk_v by_o the_o side_n of_o he_o that_o pass_v over_o the_o fire_n and_o they_o lean_v with_o force_n upon_o his_o shoulder_n to_o hinder_v he_o from_o get_v too_o quick_a over_o this_o proof_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o weight_n be_v so_o far_o from_o expose_v he_o more_o to_o be_v burn_v that_o on_o the_o contrary_n he_o stifle_v the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n under_o his_o foot_n sometime_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v perform_v with_o oil_n fire_n another_o sort_n of_o proof_n by_o fire_n or_o other_o boil_a matter_n into_o which_o the_o party_n do_v thrust_v their_o hand_n a_o frenchman_n from_o who_o a_o siamese_n have_v steal_v some_o tin_n be_v persuade_v for_o want_v of_o proof_n to_o put_v his_o hand_n into_o the_o melt_a tin_n and_o he_o draw_v it_o out_o almost_o consume_v the_o siamese_n being_n more_o cunning_a extricate_v himself_o i_o know_v not_o how_o without_o burn_v and_o be_v send_v away_o absolve_v and_o yet_o six_o month_n after_o in_o another_o suit_n wherein_o he_o be_v engage_v he_o be_v convict_v of_o the_o robbery_n wherewith_o the_o frenchman_n have_v accuse_v he_o but_o a_o thousand_o such_o like_a event_n persuade_v not_o the_o siamese_n to_o change_v their_o form_n the_o proof_n of_o the_o water_n be_v perform_v after_o this_o manner_n water_n the_o proof_n of_o the_o water_n the_o two_o party_n do_v plunge_v themselves_o into_o the_o water_n at_o the_o same_o time_n each_o hold_v by_o a_o pole_n along_o which_o they_o descend_v and_o he_o that_o remain_v long_a under_o water_n be_v think_v to_o have_v a_o good_a cause_n every_o one_o therefore_o practice_n from_o their_o youth_n in_o this_o country_n to_o familiarize_v himself_o with_o fire_n and_o to_o continue_v a_o long_a time_n under_o water_n they_o have_v another_o sort_n of_o proof_n vomit_n a_o proof_n by_o vomit_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o certain_a pill_n prepare_v by_o the_o talapoin_n and_o accompany_v with_o imprecation_n both_o the_o party_n do_v swallow_v they_o and_o the_o token_n of_o the_o right_a cause_n be_v to_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o stomach_n without_o cast_v they_o up_o for_o they_o be_v vomitive_a all_o these_o proof_n be_v not_o only_o before_o the_o judge_n but_o before_o the_o people_n proof_n the_o various_a success_n of_o these_o proof_n and_o if_o the_o two_o party_n do_v escape_v equal_o well_o or_o equal_o ill_a with_o one_o they_o have_v recourse_n to_o another_o trial_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n use_v they_o also_o in_o his_o judgement_n but_o beside_o this_o he_o sometime_o deliver_v up_o the_o party_n to_o tiger_n and_o he_o who_o the_o tiger_n spare_v for_o a_o certain_a time_n be_v adjudge_v innocent_a but_o if_o the_o tiger_n devour_v they_o both_o they_o be_v both_o esteem_v guilty_a if_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o tiger_n do_v meddle_v neither_o with_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o they_o have_v recourse_n to_o some_o other_o proof_n or_o rather_o they_o wait_v till_o the_o tiger_n determine_v to_o devour_v one_o or_o both_o of_o the_o party_n the_o constancy_n with_o which_o it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o siamese_n do_v undergo_v this_o kind_n of_o death_n be_v incredible_a in_o person_n who_o express_v so_o little_a courage_n in_o war._n there_o be_v sometime_o several_a province_n which_o appeal_v one_o to_o the_o other_o appeal_n the_o degree_n of_o appeal_n which_o multiply_v the_o degree_n of_o appeal_n to_o three_o or_o four_o a_o appeal_n be_v permit_v in_o all_o case_n but_o the_o charge_n thereof_o be_v always_o great_a as_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o travel_v further_a to_o plead_v and_o in_o a_o tribunal_n superior_a but_o when_o there_o ought_v to_o pass_v the_o sentence_n of_o death_n commissioner_n judgement_n of_o death_n reserve_v to_o the_o prince_n or_o to_o some_o extraordinary_a commissioner_n the_o decision_n thereof_o be_v reserve_v to_o the_o king_n alone_o no_o other_o judge_n than_o himself_o can_v order_v a_o capital_a punishment_n if_o this_o prince_n do_v not_o express_o grant_v he_o the_o power_n thereof_o and_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o precedent_n that_o he_o grant_v it_o otherwise_o than_o to_o some_o extraordinary_a judge_n who_o this_o prince_n send_v sometime_o into_o the_o province_n either_o upon_o a_o particular_a case_n or_o to_o execute_v justice_n at_o the_o place_n of_o all_o the_o crime_n worthy_a of_o death_n all_o the_o criminal_n be_v keep_v in_o the_o prison_n till_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o commissioner_n and_o they_o have_v sometime_o as_o at_o china_n the_o power_n of_o depose_v and_o punish_v the_o ordinary_a officer_n with_o death_n if_o they_o deserve_v it_o but_o if_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n grant_v other_o commission_n for_o his_o service_n or_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o state_n it_o be_v rare_a that_o he_o exempt_v the_o commissioner_n from_o take_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o place_n where_o he_o send_v he_o the_o usual_a punishment_n of_o robbery_n be_v the_o condemnation_n to_o the_o double_a estate_n the_o punishment_n of_o robbery_n extend_v to_o estate_n and_o sometime_o to_o the_o triple_a by_o equal_a portion_n to_o the_o judge_n and_o party_n but_o it_o be_v most_o singular_a in_o this_o that_o the_o siamese_n extend_v the_o punishment_n of_o robbery_n to_o every_o unjust_a possessor_n in_o a_o real_a estate_n so_o that_o whoever_o it_o evict_v out_o of_o a_o inheritance_n by_o law_n not_o only_o restore_v the_o inheritance_n to_o the_o party_n but_o likewise_o pay_v the_o value_n thereof_o half_a to_o the_o party_n and_o half_a to_o the_o judge_n but_o if_o by_o the_o king_n be_v special_a permission_n the_o judge_n can_v put_v the_o robber_n to_o death_n than_o he_o can_v at_o his_o own_o discretion_n order_v either_o death_n or_o the_o pecuniary_a mulct_n but_o not_o death_n and_o the_o pecuniary_a mulct_n together_o but_o to_o show_v how_o dear_a justice_n be_v in_o a_o country_n where_o provision_n be_v so_o cheap_a i_o will_v add_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o work_n a_o note_n that_o be_v give_v i_o of_o the_o charge_n of_o justice_n where_o you_o will_v likewise_o see_v a_o particular_a of_o the_o form_n but_o the_o charge_n be_v not_o the_o same_o in_o all_o the_o tribunal_n as_o i_o have_v already_o declare_v he_o for_o who_o this_o roll_n be_v have_v four_o inferior_a jurisdiction_n and_o he_o appeal_v to_o another_o which_o appeal_v to_o the_o court._n chap._n vi_o the_o function_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o judge_n in_o the_o metropolis_n metropolis_n the_o king_n be_v the_o tchaou-mevang_a of_o the_o metropolis_n in_o the_o metropolis_n where_o there_o be_v no_o other_o tchaou-mevang_a than_o the_o king_n the_o function_n of_o governor_n and_o judge_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o office_n and_o the_o other_o function_n of_o the_o lesser_a office_n which_o compose_v a_o tribunal_n of_o tchaou-mevang_a be_v distribute_v to_o the_o principal_a officer_n of_o the_o state_n but_o with_o great_a extent_n and_o authority_n and_o with_o high_a and_o more_o pompous_a title_n yumrat_n the_o office_n of_o yummarat_n which_o they_o pronounce_v yumrat_n the_o precedent_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o city_n of_o siam_n to_o who_o all_o the_o
source_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n revenue_n arise_v from_o two_o source_n and_o revenue_n of_o the_o country_n the_o country_n revenue_n be_v receive_v by_o oc_fw-la ya_fw-la pollatep_n according_a to_o some_o or_o vorethep_n according_a to_o mr._n gervase_n they_o be_v all_o reduce_v to_o the_o head_n follow_v 1._o on_o forty_o fathom_n square_a of_o cultivated_a land_n land_n his_o duty_n on_o cultivated_a land_n a_o mayon_n or_o quarter_n of_o a_o tical_a by_o year_n but_o this_o rent_n be_v divide_v with_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a where_o there_o be_v one_o and_o it_o be_v never_o well_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n on_o the_o frontier_n beside_o this_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v that_o whoever_o plough_v not_o his_o ground_n pay_v nothing_o though_o it_o be_v by_o his_o own_o negligence_n that_o he_o reap_v nothing_o but_o the_o present_a king_n of_o siam_n to_o force_v his_o subject_n to_o work_v have_v exact_v this_o duty_n from_o those_o that_o have_v possess_v land_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n although_o they_o omit_v to_o cultivate_v they_o yet_o this_o be_v execute_v only_o in_o the_o place_n where_o his_o authority_n be_v absolute_a he_o love_v nothing_o so_o much_o as_o to_o see_v stranger_n come_v to_o settle_v in_o his_o state_n there_o to_o manure_v those_o great_a uncultivated_a space_n which_o without_o comparison_n do_v make_v the_o most_o considerable_a part_n thereof_o in_o this_o case_n he_o will_v be_v liberal_a of_o untilled_a ground_n and_o of_o beast_n to_o cultivate_v they_o though_o they_o have_v be_v clear_v and_o prepare_v for_o tillage_n 2._o on_o boat_n or_o balon_n bo_n on_o bo_n the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n pay_v a_o tical_a for_o every_o fathom_n in_o length_n under_o this_o reign_n they_o have_v add_v that_o every_o balloon_n or_o boat_n above_o six_o cubit_n broad_a shall_v pay_v six_o tical_n and_o that_o foreigner_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o this_o duty_n as_o well_o as_o the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n this_o duty_n be_v levy_v like_o a_o kind_n of_o custom_n at_o certain_a place_n of_o the_o river_n and_o among_o other_o at_o tchainat_n four_o league_n above_o siam_n where_o all_o the_o stream_n unite_v 3._o custom_n on_o whatever_o be_v import_v or_o export_v by_o sea_n beside_o which_o custom_n custom_n the_o body_n of_o the_o ship_n pay_v something_o in_o proportion_n to_o its_o capacity_n like_o the_o balon_n 4._o on_z arak_fw-mi or_o rice-brandy_n or_o rather_o on_o every_o furnace_n where_o it_o be_v make_v arak_fw-mi on_z arak_fw-mi which_o they_o call_v taou-laou_a the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n do_v pay_v a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la this_o duty_n have_v be_v double_v under_o this_o reign_n and_o be_v exact_v on_o the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n and_o on_o stranger_n alike_o it_o be_v likewise_o add_v that_o every_o seller_n of_o arak_fw-mi by_o re-tail_n shall_v pay_v a_o tical_a a_o year_n and_o every_o seller_n by_o wholesale_n a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o every_o great_a pot_n the_o size_n of_o which_o i_o find_v no_o otherwise_o describe_v in_o the_o note_n which_o be_v give_v i_o 5._o on_o the_o fruit_n call_v durion_n for_o every_o tree_n already_o bear_v durion_n on_o durion_n or_o not_o bear_v fruit_n two_o mayon_n or_o half_a a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la 6._o on_o every_o tree_n of_o betel_n a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la betel_n on_o betel_n 7._o on_o every_o areky_a they_n former_o pay_v three_o nut_n of_o arek_n in_o kind_n arek_n on_o the_o arek_n under_o this_o reign_n they_o pay_v six_o 8._o revenue_n entire_o new_a or_o establish_v under_o this_o reign_n impost_n new_a impost_n be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n a_o certain_a duty_n on_o a_o school_n of_o recreation_n permit_v at_o siam_n the_o tribute_n which_o the_o ocya_a mien_n pay_v be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o ancient_a than_o the_o former_a in_o the_o second_o place_n on_o every_o coco-tree_n half_o a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o three_o place_n on_o orange-tree_n mango-tree_n mangoustanier_n and_o pimentier_n for_o each_o a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la there_o be_v no_o duty_n on_o pepper_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o king_n will_v have_v his_o subject_n addict_v themselves_o more_o to_o plant_v it_o king_n a_o demesn_a reserve_v to_o the_o king_n 9_o this_o prince_n have_v in_o several_a place_n of_o his_o state_n some_o garden_n and_o land_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v cultivate_v as_o his_o particular_a demesn_a as_o well_o by_o his_o slave_n as_o by_o the_o six_o month_n service_n he_o cause_v the_o fruit_n to_o be_v gather_v and_o keep_v on_o the_o place_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o house_n and_o for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o his_o slave_n his_o elephant_n his_o horse_n and_o other_o cattle_n and_o the_o rest_n he_o sell_v 10._o a_o casual_a revenue_n be_v the_o present_n which_o this_o prince_n receive_v as_o well_o as_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o his_o kingdom_n the_o legacy_n which_o the_o officer_n bequeath_v he_o at_o their_o death_n or_o which_o he_o take_v from_o their_o succession_n and_o in_o fine_a the_o extraordinary_a duty_n which_o he_o take_v from_o his_o subject_n on_o several_a occasion_n as_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o foreign_a ambassador_n to_o which_o the_o governor_n into_o who_o jurisdiction_n the_o ambassador_n do_v pass_v or_o sojourn_v be_v oblige_v to_o contribute_v and_o for_o the_o build_n of_o fort_n and_o other_o public_a work_n a_o expense_n which_o he_o levy_v on_o the_o people_n among_o who_o these_o work_n be_v make_v service_n confiscation_n and_o fines_n six_o month_n service_n 11._o the_o revenue_n of_o justice_n do_v donsi_v in_o confiscation_n and_o fines_n 12._o six_o month_n service_n of_o every_o one_o of_o his_o subject_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la a_o service_n which_o he_o or_o his_o officer_n frequent_o extend_v much_o further_a who_o alone_o discharge_v it_o from_o every_o thing_n and_o from_o which_o there_o remain_v to_o he_o a_o good_a increase_n for_o in_o certain_a place_n this_o service_n be_v convert_v into_o a_o payment_n make_v in_o rice_n or_o in_o sapan-wood_n or_o lignum-aloe_n or_o saltpetre_n or_o in_o elephant_n or_o in_o beast_n skin_n or_o in_o ivory_n or_o in_o other_o commodity_n and_o in_o fine_a this_o service_n be_v sometime_o esteem_v and_o pay_v in_o ready_a money_n and_o it_o be_v for_o the_o ready_a money_n that_o the_o rich_a be_v exempt_v ancient_o this_o service_n be_v esteem_v at_o a_o tical_a a_o month_n because_o that_o one_o tical_a be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v one_o man_n and_o this_o computation_n serve_v likewise_o as_o a_o assessment_n on_o the_o day_n labour_v of_o the_o workman_n which_o a_o particular_a person_n employ_v they_o amount_v to_o two_o ticals_n a_o month_n at_o least_o by_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v reckon_v that_o a_o workman_n must_v in_o 6_o month_n gain_v his_o maintenance_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n see_v that_o he_o can_v get_v nothing_o the_o other_o six_o month_n that_o he_o serve_v the_o prince_n the_o prince_n now_o extort_v two_o tical_n a_o month_n for_o the_o exemption_n from_o the_o six_o month_n service_n casual_a commerce_n a_o revenue_n extraordinary_a or_o casual_a 13._o his_o other_o revenue_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o commerce_n which_o he_o exercise_v with_o his_o subject_n and_o foreigner_n he_o have_v carry_v it_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n that_o merchandise_n be_v now_o no_o more_o the_o trade_n of_o particular_a person_n at_o siam_n he_o be_v not_o content_v with_o sell_v by_o wholesale_n he_o have_v some_o shop_n in_o the_o bazar_n or_o market_n to_o sell_v by_o re-tail_n cotton-cloath_n cotton-cloath_n the_o principal_a thing_n that_o he_o sell_v to_o his_o subject_n be_v cotton-cloath_n he_o send_v they_o into_o his_o magazine_n of_o the_o province_n heretofore_o his_o predecessor_n and_o he_o send_v they_o thither_o only_o every_o ten_o year_n and_o a_o moderate_a quantity_n which_o be_v sell_v particular_a person_n have_v liberty_n to_o make_v commerce_n thereof_o now_o he_o continual_o furnish_v they_o he_o have_v in_o his_o magazine_n more_o than_o he_o can_v possible_o sell_v and_o it_o sometime_o happen_v that_o to_o vend_n more_o that_o he_o have_v force_v his_o subject_n to_o clothe_v their_o child_n before_o the_o accustom_a age._n before_o the_o hollander_n come_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o laos_n and_o into_o other_o adjacent_a the_o king_n of_o siam_n do_v there_o make_v the_o whole_a commerce_n of_o linen_n with_o a_o considerable_a profit_n tin_n the_o calin_n or_o tin_n all_o the_o calin_n be_v he_o and_o he_o sell_v it_o as_o well_o to_o stranger_n as_o to_o his_o own_o subject_n except_v that_o which_o be_v dug_n out_o of_o the_o mine_n of_o jonsalam_n on_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengal_n for_o this_o be_v a_o
present_n be_v essential_a for_o they_o in_o embassy_n it_o be_v asleep_o traffic_v under_o a_o honourable_a title_n and_o from_o king_n to_o king_n their_o politeness_n excite_v they_o to_o testify_v by_o several_a demonstration_n how_o they_o esteem_v the_o present_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v if_o it_o be_v any_o thing_n of_o use_n though_o it_o be_v not_o for_o their_o use_n they_o public_o prepare_v whatever_o shall_v be_v necessary_a to_o use_v it_o as_o if_o they_o have_v a_o real_a desire_n thereof_o if_o it_o be_v any_o thing_n to_o wear_v they_o will_v adorn_v themselves_o therewith_o in_o your_o presence_n if_o they_o be_v horse_n they_o will_v build_v a_o stable_a on_o purpose_n to_o lodge_v they_o be_v it_o only_o a_o telescope_n they_o will_v build_v a_o tower_n to_o see_v with_o this_o glass_n and_o so_o they_o will_v seem_v to_o make_v a_o high_a account_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o present_n to_o honour_v the_o prince_n which_o send_v they_o unless_o he_o have_v receive_v present_n from_o their_o part_n with_o less_o demonstration_n of_o esteem_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v real_o concern_v only_o for_o the_o profit_n before_o that_o the_o king_n present_n go_v out_o of_o our_o hand_n some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n officer_n come_v to_o take_v a_o exact_a description_n thereof_o in_o writing_n even_o to_o the_o count_a all_o the_o stone_n of_o every_o sort_n which_o be_v intersperse_v in_o the_o embroidery_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v not_o seem_v that_o the_o king_n their_o master_n take_v this_o care_n to_o prevent_v be_v rob_v by_o his_o officer_n through_o who_o hand_n the_o present_n be_v to_o pass_v they_o pretend_v that_o this_o prince_n be_v curious_a and_o impatient_a and_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o go_v render_v he_o a_o account_n of_o what_o this_o be_v and_o to_o be_v ready_a to_o answer_v he_o exact_o upon_o the_o least_o thing_n embassy_n the_o oriental_n do_v esteem_v it_o a_o great_a honour_n to_o receive_v embassy_n all_o the_o oriental_a prince_n do_v esteem_v it_o a_o great_a honour_n to_o receive_v embassy_n and_o to_o send_v the_o few_o they_o can_v because_o that_o in_o their_o opinion_n it_o be_v a_o badge_n which_o can_v be_v alien_v from_o they_o and_o their_o riches_n and_o that_o they_o can_v content_v themselves_o without_o the_o riches_n of_o foreigner_n they_o look_v upon_o embassy_n as_o a_o kind_n of_o homage_n and_o in_o their_o court_n they_o retain_v the_o foreign_a minister_n as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o prolong_v as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o lie_v the_o honour_n which_o they_o receive_v thus_o the_o great_a mogul_n and_o the_o king_n of_o china_n and_o japan_n do_v never_o send_v ambassador_n the_o king_n of_o persia_n likewise_o send_v only_o to_o siam_n because_o that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n ambassador_n have_v demand_v it_o as_o i_o proceed_v to_o relate_v accountable_a the_o siamese_n ambassador_n be_v accountable_a the_o siamese_n ambassador_n be_v accountable_a because_o that_o they_o be_v load_v with_o good_n and_o it_o rare_o happen_v that_o they_o render_v a_o account_n good_a enough_o entire_o to_o avoid_v the_o bastinado_n thus_o agi_fw-la selim_n it_o be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o moor_n who_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n send_v eight_o or_o nine_o year_n since_o into_o persia_n as_o his_o ambassador_n be_v severe_o chastise_v at_o his_o return_n though_o in_o appearance_n he_o have_v serve_v very_o faithful_o he_o have_v establish_v commerce_n with_o persia_n and_o have_v bring_v with_o he_o that_o persian_a ambassador_n who_o as_o i_o have_v several_a time_n relate_v dye_v at_o tenasserim_n he_o be_v a_o moula_n or_o doctor_n of_o the_o law_n of_o mahomet_n who_o agi_fw-la selim_n have_v demand_v of_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n to_o instruct_v as_o he_o pretend_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n in_o mahumetanism_n bernier_n tom_n ii_o pag._n 54._o report_n that_o during_o his_o abode_n in_o the_o indies_n some_o ambassador_n from_o prester_n john_n who_o as_o every_o one_o know_v profess_v to_o be_v a_o christian_n demand_v of_o the_o great_a mogul_n a_o alcoran_n and_o eight_o of_o the_o most_o renown_a book_n that_o be_v in_o the_o mahometan_a religion_n a_o base_a flattery_n which_o exceed_o scandalize_v bernier_n but_o general_o speak_v these_o trade_a king_n do_v exceed_o make_v use_v of_o the_o pretence_n of_o religion_n for_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o commerce_n explication_n of_o the_o platform_n of_o the_o hall_n of_o audience_n of_o siam_n a_o three_o step_n which_o be_v place_v under_o the_o window_n where_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n be_v to_o raise_v i_o high_a enough_o to_o deliver_v he_o the_o king_n letter_n from_o hand_n to_o hand_n b_o three_o parasol_n or_o vmbrella_n c_o two_o pair_n of_o stair_n to_o go_v up_o into_o the_o place_n where_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n be_v d_o two_o table_n cover_v with_o tapestry_n on_o which_o be_v lay_v the_o king_n present_n which_o can_v be_v hold_v there_o e_o the_o son_n of_o mr._n ceberet_fw-la stand_v hold_v the_o king_n letter_n in_o a_o gold_n basin_n of_o filigreen_n with_o a_o triple_a story_n the_o figure_n of_o which_o be_v see_v at_o page_n f_o two_o little_a square_n and_o low_a stool_n each_o cover_v with_o a_o little_a carpet_n for_o the_o king_n envoy_n to_o sit_v on_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr chaumont_n have_v such_o another_o g_o the_o bishop_n of_o metellopolis_n apostolic_a vicar_n sit_v cross-legged_a h_o monsieur_n constance_n prostrate_v at_o my_o right_a hand_n and_o behind_o i_o to_o serve_v as_o my_o interpreter_n i_o father_n tachart_n sit_v cross-legged_a k_o fifty_o mandarin_n prostrate_a l_o the_o french_a gentleman_n sit_v with_o their_o leg_n across_o m_o a_o little_a pair_n of_o brick_n stair_n to_o go_v up_o to_o the_o hall_n of_o audience_n n_o the_o wall_n whereunto_o this_o pair_n of_o stair_n be_v fix_v the_o explication_n of_o the_o platform_n of_o the_o temple_n which_o shall_v have_v be_v insert_v in_o chap._n 2._o part_n 2._o a_o the_o step_v before_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o temple_n b_o the_o principal_a gate_n c_o the_o two_o gate_n behind_o d_o the_o pile_n of_o wood_n which_o bear_v the_o roof_n e_o the_o pile_n of_o wood_n which_o bear_v before_o and_o behind_o the_o temple_n ff_n the_o altar_n g_o the_o figure_n of_o sommona-codam_a take_v up_o the_o all_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o altar_n hh_o the_o statue_n of_o pra_fw-la mogla_n and_o of_o pra_fw-la sarabout_o less_o and_o low_a than_o the_o first_o iii_o other_o staute_n lesser_a than_o the_o former_a k._n step_v to_o ascend_v on_o the_o altar_n which_o be_v a_o mass_n build_v with_o brick_n about_o 4_o foot_n high_a chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o foreigner_n of_o different_a nation_n flee_v to_o and_o settle_v at_o siam_n siam_n the_o policy_n observe_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o stranger_n flee_v to_o siam_n it_o be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v the_o liberty_n of_o commerce_n which_o have_v former_o invite_v to_o siam_n a_o great_a multitude_n of_o stranger_n of_o different_a nation_n who_o settle_v there_o with_o the_o liberty_n of_o live_v according_a to_o their_o custom_n and_o of_o public_o exercise_v their_o several_a way_n of_o worship_n every_o nation_n possess_v a_o different_a quarter_n the_o quarter_n which_o be_v without_o the_o city_n and_o which_o do_v compose_v the_o suburb_n thereof_o the_o portuguese_n do_v call_v camp_n and_o the_o siamese_n ban._n moreover_o every_o nation_n choose_v its_o chief_a or_o its_o nai_n as_o the_o siamese_n do_v speak_v and_o this_o chief_a manage_n the_o affair_n of_o his_o nation_n with_o the_o mandarin_n who_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n nominate_v for_o this_o purpose_n and_o who_o they_o call_v the_o mandarin_n of_o this_o nation_n but_o affair_n of_o the_o least_o importance_n be_v not_o determine_v by_o this_o mandarin_n they_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o barcalon_n time_n the_o fortune_n of_o the_o moor_n very_o different_a at_o siam_n at_o several_a time_n among_o the_o several_a nation_n that_o of_o the_o moor_n have_v be_v the_o best_a establish_v under_o this_o reign_n it_o once_o happen_v that_o the_o barcalon_n be_v a_o moor_n probable_o because_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n think_v by_o this_o mean_v better_a to_o establish_v his_o commerce_n among_o the_o most_o powerful_a of_o his_o neighbour_a prince_n who_o do_v all_o make_v profession_n of_o mahumetanism_n the_o principal_a office_n of_o the_o court_n and_o of_o the_o province_n be_v then_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o moor_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n cause_v several_a mosque_n to_o be_v erect_v for_o they_o at_o his_o expense_n and_o he_o still_o bear_v the_o charge_n of_o their_o principal_a festival_n which_o they_o celebrate_v for_o several_a day_n together_o in_o memory_n of_o the_o death_n of_o haly_n or_o of_o his_o child_n
indian_n have_v add_v to_o these_o error_n the_o indian_n do_v now_o believe_v like_o the_o ancient_a chineses_n some_o soul_n as_o well_o good_a as_o bad_a diffuse_v every_o where_o to_o which_o they_o have_v distribute_v the_o divine_a omnipotence_n and_o there_o be_v yet_o find_v some_o remains_o of_o this_o very_a opinion_n among_o the_o indian_n which_o have_v embrace_v mahumetanism_n but_o by_o a_o new_a error_n the_o pagan_n of_o the_o indies_n have_v think_v all_o these_o soul_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o they_o have_v make_v they_o all_o to_o roll_v from_o one_o body_n to_o another_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o heaven_n of_o the_o ancient_a chineses_n have_v some_o air_n of_o divinity_n it_o be_v i_o think_v immortal_a and_o not_o subject_a to_o wax_v old_a and_o to_o die_v and_o to_o leave_v its_o place_n to_o a_o successor_n but_o in_o the_o indian_a doctrine_n of_o the_o metempsychosis_n the_o soul_n be_v fix_v no_o where_o and_o succeed_v one_o another_o every_o where_o they_o be_v not_o one_o better_a than_o another_o by_o their_o nature_n they_o be_v only_o design_v to_o high_a or_o low_a function_n in_o nature_n according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o their_o work_n china_n why_o the_o indian_n have_v consecrate_v no_o temple_n to_o the_o spirit_n not_o even_o to_o that_o of_o heaven_n the_o ancient_a chineses_n have_v divide_v the_o justice_n of_o god_n the_o justice_n of_o heaven_n be_v principal_o busy_v in_o punish_v the_o fault_n of_o the_o king_n of_o china_n thus_o the_o indian_n have_v consecrate_v no_o temple_n to_o the_o spirit_n not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o that_o of_o heaven_n because_o they_o believe_v they_o all_o soul_n like_o all_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v still_o in_o the_o course_n of_o transmigration_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o sin_n and_o in_o the_o torment_n of_o different_a sort_n of_o life_n and_o consequent_o unworthy_a of_o have_v altar_n but_o if_o the_o ancient_a chineses_n have_v as_o i_o may_v say_v reduce_v the_o providence_n and_o omnipotence_n of_o god_n into_o piece-meal_n they_o have_v not_o less_o divide_v his_o justice_n they_o assert_v that_o the_o spirit_n like_o conceal_a minister_n be_v principal_o busy_v in_o punish_v the_o hide_a fault_n of_o man_n that_o the_o spirit_n of_o heaven_n punish_v the_o fault_n of_o the_o king_n the_o minister_a spirit_n of_o heaven_n the_o fault_n of_o the_o king_n minister_n and_o so_o of_o other_o spirit_n in_o regard_n of_o other_o man_n on_o this_o foundation_n they_o say_v to_o their_o king_n that_o though_o he_o be_v the_o adoptive_a son_n of_o heaven_n yet_o the_o heaven_n will_v not_o have_v any_o regard_n to_o he_o by_o any_o sort_n of_o affliction_n but_o by_o the_o sole_a consideration_n of_o the_o good_a or_o evil_n that_o he_o shall_v do_v in_o the_o government_n of_o his_o kingdom_n they_o call_v the_o chinese_n empire_n the_o celestial_a command_n because_o say_v they_o a_o king_n of_o china_n ought_v to_o govern_v his_o state_n as_o heaven_n govern_v nature_n and_o that_o it_o be_v to_o heaven_n that_o he_o ought_v to_o seek_v the_o science_n of_o govern_v they_o acknowledge_v that_o not_o only_o the_o art_n of_o ruling_n be_v a_o present_a from_o heaven_n but_o that_o regality_n itself_o be_v give_v by_o heaven_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o present_a difficult_a to_o keep_v because_o that_o they_o suppose_v that_o king_n can_v not_o maintain_v themselves_o on_o the_o throne_n without_o the_o savour_n of_o heaven_n nor_o please_v heaven_n but_o by_o virtue_n subject_n how_o they_o believe_v their_o king_n responsable_a to_o heaven_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o subject_n they_o carry_v this_o doctrine_n so_o far_o that_o they_o pretend_v that_o the_o sole_a virtue_n of_o king_n may_v render_v their_o subject_n virtuous_a and_o that_o thereby_o the_o king_n be_v first_o responsible_a to_o heaven_n for_o the_o wicked_a manner_n of_o their_o kingdom_n the_o virtue_n of_o king_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o art_n of_o ruling_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o china_n be_v in_o their_o opinion_n a_o donative_n from_o heaven_n which_o they_o call_v celestial_a reason_n or_o reason_n give_v by_o heaven_n and_o like_a to_o that_o of_o heaven_n the_o virtue_n of_o subject_n according_a to_o they_o the_o regard_v of_o the_o citizen_n as_o well_o from_o one_o to_o another_o as_o from_o all_o towards_o their_o prince_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o china_n be_v the_o work_n of_o good_a king_n it_o be_v a_o small_a matter_n say_v they_o to_o punish_v crime_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o a_o king_n prevent_v they_o by_o his_o virtue_n they_o extol_v one_o of_o their_o king_n for_o have_v reign_v twenty_o two_o year_n the_o people_n not_o perceive_v that_o be_v to_o say_v not_o feel_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o royal_a authority_n no_o more_o than_o the_o force_n which_o move_v nature_n and_o which_o they_o attribute_v to_o heaven_n they_o report_v then_o that_o for_o these_o twenty_o two_o year_n there_o be_v not_o one_o single_a process_n in_o all_o china_n nor_o one_o single_a execution_n of_o justice_n a_o wonder_n which_o they_o call_v to_o govern_v imperceptable_o like_o the_o heaven_n and_o which_o alone_o may_v cause_v a_o doubt_n of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o their_o history_n another_o of_o their_o king_n meeting_n as_o they_o say_v a_o criminal_a which_o be_v lead_v to_o punishment_n take_v it_o upon_o himself_o for_o that_o under_o his_o reign_n he_o commit_v crime_n worthy_a of_o death_n and_o another_o see_a china_n afflict_v with_o sterility_n for_o seven_o year_n condemn_v himself_o if_o their_o history_n may_v be_v credit_v to_o bear_v the_o crime_n of_o his_o people_n as_o think_v himself_o only_o culpable_a and_o resolve_v to_o devote_v himself_o to_o death_n and_o to_o sacrifice_v himself_o to_o the_o spirit_n of_o heaven_n the_o revenger_n of_o the_o crime_n of_o king_n but_o their_o history_n add_v that_o heaven_n satisfy_v with_o the_o piety_n of_o that_o prince_n exempt_v he_o from_o that_o sacrifice_n and_o restore_v fertility_n to_o the_o land_n by_o a_o sudden_a and_o plentiful_a rain_n as_o the_o heaven_n therefore_o execute_v justice_n only_o upon_o the_o king_n and_o that_o it_o inflict_v it_o only_o upon_o the_o king_n for_o what_o it_o see_v punishable_a in_o the_o people_n the_o minister_n of_o heaven_n do_v execute_v justice_n on_o the_o secret_a fault_n which_o the_o king_n minister_n commit_v and_o all_o the_o officer_n which_o depend_v upon_o they_o and_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o other_o spirit_n do_v watch_v over_o the_o action_n of_o the_o man_n that_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n have_v a_o rank_n equal_a to_o that_o which_o these_o spirit_n do_v possess_v in_o the_o invincible_a monarchy_n of_o nature_n whereof_o the_o spirit_n of_o heaven_n be_v king_n beside_o this_o the_o natural_a honour_n which_o most_o man_n have_v of_o the_o dead_a parent_n the_o chineses_n fear_v their_o dead_a parent_n who_o they_o know_v very_o well_o in_o their_o life-time_n and_o the_o opinion_n which_o several_a have_v of_o have_v see_v they_o appear_v to_o they_o whether_o by_o a_o effect_n of_o this_o natural_a honour_n which_o represent_v they_o to_o they_o or_o by_o dream_n so_o lively_a that_o they_o resemble_v the_o truth_n do_v induce_v the_o ancient_a chineses_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o soul_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o they_o judge_v to_o be_v of_o very_o subtle_a matter_n please_v themselves_o in_o continue_v about_o their_o posterity_n and_o that_o they_o may_v though_o after_o their_o death_n chastise_v the_o fault_n of_o their_o child_n the_o chinese_n people_n still_o continue_v in_o these_o opinion_n of_o the_o temporal_a punishment_n and_o reward_n which_o come_v from_o the_o soul_n of_o heaven_n and_o from_o all_o the_o other_o soul_n though_o moreover_o for_o the_o great_a part_n they_o have_v embrace_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o metempsychosis_n unknown_a to_o their_o ancestor_n but_o by_o little_a and_o little_a the_o man_n of_o letter_n that_o be_v to_o say_v learning_n the_o impiety_n of_o the_o present_a chineses_n which_o be_v man_n of_o learning_n those_o that_o have_v some_o degree_n of_o literature_n and_o who_o alone_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o the_o government_n be_v become_v altogether_o impious_a and_o yet_o have_v alter_v nothing_o in_o the_o language_n of_o their_o predecessor_n have_v make_v of_o the_o soul_n of_o heaven_n and_o of_o all_o the_o other_o soul_n i_o know_v not_o what_o aerial_a substance_n vuprovided_a of_o intelligence_n and_o for_o the_o judge_n of_o our_o work_n they_o have_v establish_v a_o blind_a fatality_n which_o in_o their_o opinion_n make_v that_o which_o may_v exercise_v a_o omnipotent_a and_o illuminate_v justice_n how_o ancient_a this_o impiety_n be_v at_o china_n belong_v not_o to_o i_o to_o determine_v father_n de_fw-fr rhodes_n in_o his_o
history_n of_o tonquin_n accuse_v confucius_n himself_o therewith_o father_n couplet_n to_o who_o we_o owe_v the_o translation_n of_o several_a of_o this_o philosopher_n work_n pretend_v to_o justify_v he_o and_o he_o at_o the_o same_o time_n recite_v several_a argument_n of_o the_o modern_a chineses_n by_o which_o they_o endeavour_v to_o demonstrate_v that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n whole_o conformable_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o nature_n that_o by_o the_o secret_a but_o certain_a sympathy_n between_o virtue_n and_o felicity_n and_o between_o vice_n and_o infelicity_n virtue_n must_v always_o be_v prosperous_a and_o vice_n always_o unhappy_a but_o in_o truth_n their_o argument_n be_v so_o elevate_v and_o so_o force_v and_o correspond_v so_o ill_o to_o the_o language_n of_o their_o ancestor_n that_o it_o be_v very_o apparent_a that_o they_o be_v only_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o great_a extravagancy_n of_o imagination_n which_o be_v not_o in_o their_o ancestor_n the_o siamese_n do_v not_o less_o dread_a spirit_n than_o the_o chinese_n fatality_n the_o siamese_n have_v no_o other_o judge_n of_o humane_a action_n than_o fatality_n though_o they_o imagine_v not_o perhaps_o the_o conformity_n between_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o dead_a and_o they_o and_o moreover_o they_o have_v not_o lose_v the_o idea_n of_o the_o divinity_n less_o than_o the_o chinese_n and_o that_o they_o have_v yet_o preserve_v this_o ancient_a maxim_n which_o promise_v reward_n to_o virtue_n and_o which_o threaten_v sin_n with_o punishment_n they_o have_v find_v out_o no_o other_o way_n than_o to_o attribute_v this_o distributive_a justice_n to_o a_o blind_a fatality_n so_o that_o according_a to_o they_o it_o be_v the_o fatality_n which_o make_v the_o soul_n to_o pass_v from_o one_o state_n to_o a_o better_a or_o a_o worse_o and_o which_o retain_v they_o more_o or_o less_o proportionable_o to_o their_o good_a or_o bad_a work_n and_o it_o be_v by_o these_o degree_n that_o man_n be_v whole_o fall_v from_o the_o truth_n when_o they_o will_v guide_v themselves_o by_o that_o weak_a reason_n in_o which_o they_o so_o mighty_o glory_n mankind_n the_o indian_n believe_v the_o talapoin_n and_o their_o doctrine_n as_o ancient_a as_o mankind_n as_o to_o the_o origin_n of_o the_o talapoin_n and_o their_o compeer_n which_o be_v spread_v throughout_o the_o east_n under_o several_a name_n as_o brahmin_n jogues_n and_o bonzee_n it_o be_v so_o obscure_a in_o antiquity_n that_o it_o be_v difficult_a in_o my_o opinion_n ever_o to_o discover_v it_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o indian_n do_v believe_v this_o kind_n of_o man_n and_o their_o doctrine_n as_o ancient_a as_o the_o world_n they_o name_v not_o their_o founder_n and_o they_o think_v that_o it_o be_v of_o this_o profession_n that_o all_o the_o man_n have_v be_v who_o statue_n be_v honour_v in_o their_o temple_n and_o all_o those_o other_o which_o they_o suppose_v to_o have_v be_v adore_v before_o those_o which_o they_o now_o adore_v doctrine_n the_o chineses_n do_v name_n chekia_a for_o the_o author_n of_o this_o doctrine_n the_o chineses_n report_n that_o the_o bonzee_n and_o their_o doctrine_n come_v to_o they_o from_o the_o indies_n in_o the_o eight_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o mim-ti_a which_o answer_v to_o the_o 65_o of_o our_o salvation_n and_o as_o they_o love_v to_o give_v the_o origin_n of_o all_o thing_n they_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o siamese_n name_v i_o kia_n who_o be_v the_o author_n thereof_o about_o one_o thousand_o year_n before_o the_o nativity_n of_o jesus_n christ_n though_o the_o siamese_n themselves_o do_v pretend_v no_o such_o thing_n and_o who_o boast_v antiquity_n in_o all_o thing_n like_o all_o the_o other_o indian_n they_o imagine_v that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o metempsychosis_n be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o soul_n themselves_o the_o japponneses_n do_v call_v the_o chekia_a of_o the_o chinese_n chaka_n and_o the_o tonquineses_n have_v corrupt_v this_o same_o word_n after_o another_o manner_n for_o according_a to_o father_n de_fw-fr rhodes_n they_o call_v it_o thika_n talapoin_n that_o this_o chekia_a be_v certain_o the_o siamese_n name_n of_o the_o talapoin_n now_o these_o word_n chekia_a and_o chaka_n do_v near_o enough_o approach_v these_o siamese_n word_n tchaou-ca_a and_o tchaou-cou_a to_o make_v suspect_v that_o they_o be_v only_o a_o light_a corruption_n thereof_o tchaou-ca_a and_o tchaou-cou_a signify_v lord_n or_o literal_o lord_n of_o i_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o the_o word_n ca_fw-mi which_v signify_v i_o be_v use_v only_o by_o slave_n in_o speak_v to_o their_o master_n or_o by_o those_o who_o will_v render_v such_o a_o respect_n to_o he_o to_o who_o they_o speak_v whereas_o the_o word_n cou_v which_o likewise_o signify_v i_o be_v not_o so_o respectful_a and_o be_v join_v to_o the_o word_n tchaou_fw-la to_o speak_v in_o the_o three_o person_n to_o he_o that_o discourse_n of_o his_o lord_n in_o speak_v therefore_o to_o a_o talapoin_n they_o will_v say_v unto_o he_o tchaou-ca_a and_o in_o speak_v of_o he_o to_o another_o they_o will_v call_v he_o tchaou-cou_a but_o what_o be_v remarkable_a be_v that_o the_o talapoin_n have_v no_o other_o name_n in_o siamese_n so_o that_o they_o say_v literal_o crai_fw-fr pen_n tchaou-cou_a i_o will_v be_v lord_n to_o signify_v i_o will_v be_v talapoin_n their_o sommona-codom_a they_o call_v pra-poute_a tchaou_fw-la which_o verbatim_o signify_v the_o great_a and_o excellent_a lord_n and_o it_o be_v in_o this_o sense_n that_o they_o speak_v it_o of_o their_o king_n but_o these_o word_n may_v also_o signify_v the_o great_a and_o excellent_a talapoin_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n among_o the_o arabian_n the_o word_n moula_n which_o signify_v a_o doctor_n of_o law_n proper_o signify_v lord_n and_o the_o word_n master_n be_v equivocal_a in_o our_o language_n it_o be_v speak_v of_o a_o doctor_n and_o likewise_o of_o the_o king_n i_o find_v therefore_o some_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o chineses_n have_v receive_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o metempsychosis_n from_o some_o siamese_n talapoin_n they_o have_v take_v the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o profession_n for_o the_o proper_a name_n of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o doctrine_n and_o this_o be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o plausible_a as_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o chineses_n do_v also_o call_v their_o bonzee_n by_o the_o name_n of_o chekia_a as_o the_o siamese_n do_v call_v their_o talapoin_n tchaou-cou_a it_o be_v therefore_o impossible_a to_o assert_v from_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o chinese_n that_o there_o be_v a_o indian_a name_v chekia_a author_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o metempsychosis_n a_o thousand_o year_n before_o jesus_n christ_n see_v that_o the_o chinese_n who_o have_v receive_v this_o opinion_n since_o the_o death_n of_o christ_n and_o perhaps_o much_o late_a than_o they_o allege_v be_v force_v to_o confess_v that_o they_o have_v nothing_o relate_v concern_v this_o chekia_a but_o upon_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o indian_n who_o speak_v not_o one_o word_n thereof_o not_o think_v that_o there_o ever_o be_v any_o first_o author_n of_o their_o opinion_n music_n the_o ancient_a way_n of_o instruct_v the_o people_n be_v by_o poetry_n and_o by_o music_n before_o the_o bonzee_n come_v from_o the_o indies_n to_o china_n the_o chineses_n have_v not_o any_o priest_n nor_o religious_a and_o they_o have_v none_o as_o yet_o for_o their_o ancient_a religion_n which_o be_v that_o of_o the_o state_n among_o they_o as_o among_o the_o greek_n the_o most_o ancient_a way_n of_o instruct_v the_o people_n be_v by_o poetry_n and_o music_n they_o have_v three_o hundred_o ode_n whereof_o confusius_fw-la make_v great_a esteem_n like_v to_o the_o work_n of_o solomon_n for_o they_o contain_v not_o only_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o plant_n but_o all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o good_a chinese_n citizen_n and_o doubtless_o all_o their_o philosophy_n and_o it_o may_v be_v that_o these_o ode_n be_v still_o preserve_v the_o magistrate_n take_v care_n to_o have_v they_o sing_v public_o and_o confusius_fw-la complain_v for_o that_o in_o his_o time_n he_o see_v this_o practice_n almost_o extinguish_v and_o all_o the_o ancient_a music_n lose_v according_a to_o he_o the_o most_o sure_o mark_v of_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o state_n be_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o music_n and_o plato_n like_v he_o think_v music_n essential_a to_o good_a policy_n these_o two_o great_a philosopher_n have_v learn_v that_o manner_n can_v be_v preserve_v without_o the_o continual_a instruction_n of_o the_o people_n and_o that_o the_o law_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o only_a foundation_n of_o the_o public_a authoriry_n and_o repose_n can_v long_o continue_v where_o the_o manner_n be_v corrupt_v for_o where_o the_o manner_n be_v corrupt_v they_o only_o study_v to_o violate_v or_o elude_v the_o law_n the_o learned_a remark_n in_o the_o pentateuch_n the_o tract_n of_o such_o a_o like_a poetry_n which_o contain_v
have_v revenge_v their_o tutor_n the_o indian_n do_v likewise_o great_o honour_v the_o memory_n of_o those_o who_o they_o believe_v to_o have_v preach_v up_o virtue_n efficacious_o they_o be_v those_o who_o they_o have_v judge_v worthy_a of_o their_o whole_a worship_n and_o they_o take_v offence_n that_o we_o be_v scandalize_v thereat_o can_v we_o say_v they_o do_v less_o for_o those_o who_o have_v preach_v unto_o we_o so_o holy_a a_o doctrine_n father_n hierom_n xavier_n a_o portuguese_n jesuit_n have_v publish_v at_o agra_n a_o kind_n of_o catechism_n under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o mirror_n of_o truth_n a_o persian_a of_o ispahan_n name_v zinel_n abedin_n write_v a_o answer_n thereunto_o under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o mirror_n repulse_v which_o the_o congregation_n de_fw-fr propaganda_fw-la fide_fw-la think_v necessary_a to_o have_v confute_v and_o it_o commit_v the_o care_n thereof_o to_o father_n philip_n guadagnol_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o regular_a minim_n but_o he_o speak_v so_o unworthy_o of_o mahomet_n that_o his_o confutation_n prove_v ineffectual_a because_o that_o the_o mission_n of_o ispahan_n dare_v never_o to_o publish_v it_o and_o this_o mission_n desire_v father_n guadagnol_n somewhat_o to_o moderate_v his_o satyr_n this_o good_a father_n run_v into_o the_o other_o extreme_a make_v a_o panegyric_n upon_o mahomet_n which_o draw_v upon_o he_o a_o reprimand_n from_o the_o congregation_n de_fw-fr propaganda_fw-la it_o be_v therefore_o necessary_a in_o these_o sort_n of_o matter_n to_o observe_v a_o wise_a moderation_n and_o to_o speak_v respectful_o at_o least_o to_o the_o indian_n of_o brama_n sommona-codom_a and_o all_o the_o rest_n who_o statue_n be_v see_v on_o their_o altar_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o agree_v with_o they_o that_o these_o man_n have_v have_v great_a natural_a light_n and_o intention_n worthy_a of_o praise_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o insinuate_v to_o they_o that_o be_v man_n they_o be_v deceive_v in_o several_a 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pardonable_a in_o almost_o all_o other_o legislator_n they_o have_v the_o merit_n of_o have_v know_v before_o the_o greek_n some_o intelligent_a being_n superior_a to_o man_n and_o the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n reason_n that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o metempsychosis_n may_v be_v excuse_v by_o physical_a reason_n but_o if_o they_o have_v believe_v the_o metempsychosis_n they_o have_v be_v thereto_o induce_v by_o apparent_a reason_n ignore_v all_o creation_n and_o establish_v moreover_o that_o a_o soul_n can_v proceed_v from_o a_o soul_n and_o that_o there_o can_v not_o be_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o soul_n they_o be_v force_v to_o conclude_v that_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o the_o live_n which_o have_v succeed_v one_o another_o in_o the_o world_n during_o all_o this_o past_a eternity_n which_o they_o suppose_v that_o the_o world_n have_v already_o last_v can_v not_o be_v animate_v by_o this_o finite_a number_n of_o spirit_n unless_o they_o have_v pass_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o time_n from_o one_o body_n to_o another_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o metempsychosis_n be_v therefore_o found_v on_o several_a principle_n which_o we_o receive_v and_o certain_o contain_v only_o one_o falsity_n which_o be_v the_o pretend_a impossibility_n of_o the_o creation_n reason_n and_o by_o politic_a reason_n as_o to_o the_o natural_a consequence_n of_o this_o doctrine_n the_o prohibition_n of_o meat_n be_v very_o wholesome_a in_o the_o indies_n and_o the_o horror_n of_o blood_n will_v be_v every_o where_o useful_a the_o great_a barcalon_n elder_a brother_n to_o the_o first_o ambassador_n of_o siam_n cease_v not_o to_o reproach_v the_o christian_n for_o the_o bloody_a madness_n of_o our_o war_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o metempsychosis_n comfort_v man_n in_o the_o misfortune_n of_o life_n and_o fortify_v they_o against_o the_o horror_n of_o death_n by_o the_o hope_n which_o it_o give_v of_o revive_v another_o time_n more_o happy_o and_o because_o that_o man_n be_v credulous_a in_o proportion_n to_o their_o desire_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o those_o who_o esteem_v themselves_o the_o most_o unhappy_a people_n in_o this_o life_n as_o eunuch_n do_v strong_o adhere_v to_o this_o hope_n of_o another_o better_a life_n which_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o metempsychosis_n have_v give_v to_o good_a man_n reason_n the_o fear_n of_o the_o dead_a parent_n excuse_v by_o politic_a reason_n but_o if_o error_n can_v be_v advantageous_a what_o other_o can_v be_v so_o much_o as_o that_o fear_n of_o child_n for_o their_o dead_a parent_n confucius_n make_v it_o the_o only_a foundation_n of_o all_o good_a policy_n and_o indeed_o it_o establish_v the_o peace_n of_o family_n and_o of_o kingdom_n it_o bend_v man_n to_o obedience_n and_o render_v they_o more_o submissive_a to_o their_o parent_n and_o to_o their_o magistrate_n it_o preserve_v good_a manner_n and_o the_o law_n these_o people_n comprehend_v not_o that_o they_o can_v ever_o abandon_v the_o opinion_n and_o custom_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v from_o their_o father_n nor_o avoid_v if_o they_o do_v the_o resentment_n which_o in_o their_o opinion_n their_o ancestor_n will_v express_v thereat_o the_o chinese_n doctrine_n have_v no_o other_o paradise_n nor_o hell_n than_o this_o republic_n of_o the_o dead_a where_o they_o believe_v that_o the_o soul_n be_v receive_v at_o the_o departure_n out_o of_o this_o life_n and_o where_o it_o be_v well_o or_o ill_o entertain_v with_o the_o soul_n of_o its_o ancestor_n according_a to_o its_o virtue_n or_o its_o vice_n china_n this_o fear_n cause_v the_o stability_n of_o the_o law_n of_o china_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o consideration_n that_o the_o lawful_a king_n of_o china_n have_v abstain_v from_o make_v any_o innovation_n on_o the_o government_n none_o but_o usurper_n dare_v to_o do_v this_o not_o only_o by_o the_o right_n which_o force_n give_v they_o but_o because_o that_o not_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o king_n their_o predecessor_n they_o have_v not_o think_v any_o respect_n due_a to_o their_o establishment_n inconvenience_n yet_o it_o have_v its_o inconvenience_n nevertheless_o as_o all_o error_n have_v bad_a side_n confucius_n be_v ask_v by_o one_o of_o his_o disciple_n whether_o the_o dead_a have_v any_o sense_n of_o the_o respect_n which_o their_o child_n pay_v they_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o fit_v to_o make_v these_o overcurious_a sort_n of_o question_n that_o by_o answer_v negative_o he_o fear_v to_o abolish_v the_o respect_n of_o child_n for_o their_o dead_a parent_n we_o the_o talapoin_n must_v not_o be_v think_v know_v and_o interest_v impostor_n that_o it_o be_v necessary_a with_o the_o oriental_n to_o use_v all_o the_o insinuation_n which_o our_o religion_n and_o the_o example_n of_o the_o first_o christian_n can_v permit_v we_o and_o by_o answer_v affirmative_o he_o dread_v the_o exciting_a the_o best_a person_n to_o kill_v themselves_o to_o go_v and_o join_v their_o ancestor_n it_o will_v also_o be_v i_o know_v not_o what_o injustice_n to_o treat_v the_o talapoin_n as_o impostor_n and_o interest_v person_n they_o deceive_v only_o because_o they_o be_v first_o deceive_v they_o be_v not_o more_o cunning_a nor_o more_o intetested_a than_o the_o secular_o when_o they_o preach_v to_o the_o secular_o to_o bestow_v alm_n upon_o they_o they_o think_v their_o preach_v their_o duty_n and_o in_o every_o country_n the_o minister_n of_o the_o altar_n do_v live_v on_o the_o altar_n i_o be_o therefore_o convince_v that_o the_o true_a secret_a of_o insinuate_v into_o the_o mind_n of_o these_o people_n suppose_v one_o have_v not_o the_o gift_n of_o miracle_n be_v not_o direct_o to_o contradict_v they_o in_o any_o thing_n but_o to_o show_v they_o as_o at_z unaware_o their_o error_n in_o the_o science_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o mathematics_n and_o anatomy_n wherein_o they_o be_v most_o palpable_a it_o be_v to_o change_v the_o term_n of_o their_o worship_n the_o least_o imaginable_a by_o give_v to_o the_o
the_o other_o life_n with_o the_o fault_n which_o their_o child_n commit_v in_o this_o and_o especial_o with_o the_o great_a want_n of_o respect_n which_o it_o will_v be_v in_o the_o chineses_n towards_o their_o ancestor_n to_o change_v the_o law_n which_o they_o have_v leave_v they_o it_o be_v not_o therefore_o a_o vain_a ceremony_n that_o they_o mourn_v for_o three_o year_n with_o a_o extreme_a austerity_n and_o separate_v from_o all_o public_a employment_n which_o the_o chinese_n law_n do_v order_n child_n to_o observe_v at_o the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o from_o which_o they_o dispense_v not_o even_o their_o king_n they_o can_v too_o much_o imprint_v in_o their_o mind_n this_o respect_n which_o have_v always_o be_v their_o great_a support_n but_o what_o i_o most_o admire_v in_o the_o law_n of_o china_n be_v the_o care_n which_o they_o have_v take_v to_o form_v the_o moral_n see_v that_o it_o be_v only_o good_a manner_n which_o can_v maintain_v the_o law_n as_o it_o be_v only_o good_a law_n that_o can_v make_v good_a manner_n plato_n methinks_v understand_v the_o whole_a importance_n of_o this_o maxim_n and_o if_o my_o memory_n fail_v i_o not_o he_o require_v in_o some_o place_n of_o his_o law_n that_o they_o intermeddle_v with_o the_o privacy_n of_o the_o oeconomy_n of_o his_o citizen_n and_o because_o he_o fear_v that_o this_o may_v appear_v too_o new_a to_o the_o people_n so_o free_a as_o the_o greek_n be_v in_o his_o time_n he_o seek_v some_o excuse_n for_o the_o little_a which_o he_o deliver_v thereof_o the_o chineses_n on_o the_o contrary_a have_v not_o scruple_v to_o give_v law_n to_o almost_o all_o the_o action_n of_o man_n one_o of_o their_o most_o ancient_a book_n regulate_v not_o only_o the_o rite_n which_o concern_v religion_n and_o the_o sacrifice_n but_o all_o the_o duty_n of_o child_n to_o their_o father_n and_o of_o the_o father_n towards_o his_o child_n of_o the_o husband_n to_o the_o wife_n and_o of_o the_o wife_n to_o the_o husband_n of_o brethren_n and_o friend_n to_o each_o other_o of_o the_o king_n to_o his_o subject_n and_o of_o the_o subject_n to_o their_o king_n of_o the_o magistrate_n to_o the_o people_n and_o of_o the_o people_n to_o the_o magistrate_n in_o this_o book_n which_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o a_o law_n the_o old_a man_n be_v consider_v as_o the_o father_n of_o all_o the_o people_n and_o of_o the_o king_n himself_o the_o orphan_n be_v there_o consider_v as_o his_o child_n and_o all_o the_o citizen_n as_o brethren_n among_o they_o father_n martinius_n report_v 352._o hist_o sin_n p._n 352._o that_o there_o be_v almost_o no_o humane_a action_n how_o small_a soever_o it_o be_v to_o which_o this_o book_n prescribe_v not_o law_n even_o to_o cause_v trouble_n for_o a_o exceed_a small_a particular_a i_o doubt_v not_o that_o all_o the_o european_n will_v judge_v like_o he_o if_o this_o book_n come_v to_o our_o knowledge_n but_o this_o be_v nevertheless_o a_o very_a ancient_a testimony_n of_o the_o extreme_a care_n which_o the_o chineses_n have_v continual_o take_v of_o good_a manner_n and_o because_o they_o know_v the_o prevalency_n which_o the_o example_n of_o king_n have_v over_o people_n their_o great_a study_n have_v always_o be_v to_o inspire_v virtue_n into_o their_o king_n the_o people_n they_o say_v be_v like_o the_o ear_n of_o corn_n wherewith_o a_o field_n be_v cover_v the_o moral_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v like_o the_o wind_n which_o incline_v they_o where_o it_o list_v their_o policy_n have_v therefore_o no_o particuluar_n manner_n for_o their_o king_n and_o other_o manner_n for_o the_o people_n their_o king_n be_v oblige_v to_o respect_v old_a man_n they_o nourish_v they_o in_o every_o city_n and_o the_o chinese_n history_n honourable_o mention_n such_o of_o their_o king_n which_o have_v render_v they_o most_o respect_n and_o some_o other_o who_o have_v cause_v their_o illegitimate_a brethren_n which_o precede_v they_o in_o age_n to_o sit_v down_o at_o their_o table_n and_o above_o they_o their_o king_n be_v oblige_v to_o the_o three_o year_n mourning_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n and_o their_o mother_n and_o to_o abstain_v during_o this_o time_n from_o the_o care_n of_o the_o government_n although_o perhaps_o this_o law_n have_v lose_v it_o vigour_n in_o the_o last_o time_n when_o china_n be_v as_o yet_o divide_v into_o little_a state_n which_o be_v as_o so_o many_o fief_n of_o this_o great_a empire_n ven-cum_a king_n of_o cin_n chase_v out_o of_o his_o little_a kingdom_n by_o his_o stepmother_n will_v not_o undertake_v a_o war_n to_o re-enter_v till_o he_o have_v mourn_v for_o his_o father_n three_o year_n they_o believe_v among_o other_o thing_n that_o their_o dead_a parent_n can_v shorten_v or_o prolong_v the_o life_n of_o their_o child_n they_o desire_v of_o they_o a_o long_a and_o happy_a life_n and_o upon_o this_o ridiculous_a ground_n they_o have_v in_o the_o same_o term_n with_o we_o this_o precept_n which_o we_o have_v from_o god_n himself_o and_o of_o which_o his_o eternal_a verity_n be_v protect_a unto_o we_o honour_v thy_o father_n and_o thy_o mother_n that_o thou_o may_v enjoy_v a_o long_a life_n xin_o the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o race_n cina_n have_v banish_v his_o mother_n for_o her_o incontinence_n and_o because_o that_o his_o adulterer_n make_v use_v of_o the_o favour_n of_o this_o princess_n to_o revolt_v and_o to_o assemble_v a_o great_a army_n be_v constrain_v by_o all_o his_o minister_n to_o recall_v she_o from_o exile_n although_o he_o have_v make_v himself_o king_n by_o force_n and_o that_o thereby_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v strong_a than_o the_o law_n hoei_fw-la the_o second_o king_n of_o the_o race_n hana_n have_v also_o a_o unchaste_a mother_n dare_v not_o to_o punish_v she_o but_o not_o be_v willing_a to_o reign_v and_o suffer_v her_o debauchery_n he_o abandon_v the_o government_n to_o she_o out_o of_o a_o extreme_a piety_n and_o plunge_v himself_o 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say_v in_o some_o place_n of_o my_o relation_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o presumptive_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o fault_n which_o that_o prince_n commit_v and_o that_o there_o be_v find_v some_o prince_n who_o be_v become_v king_n have_v revenge_v their_o governor_n beside_o the_o colao_n who_o be_v the_o king_n be_v principal_a council_n he_o have_v other_o officer_n who_o sole_a function_n be_v to_o reprehend_v he_o public_o for_o his_o fault_n yuus_n the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o race_n hiaa_n who_o according_a to_o their_o history_n begin_v to_o reign_v 2207_o year_n before_o jesus_n christ_n give_v full_a liberty_n to_o all_o good_a person_n to_o give_v he_o counsel_n and_o yet_o because_o that_o he_o find_v himself_o once_o reprove_v with_o too_o much_o sharpness_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o principal_a councillor_n he_o be_v so_o vex_v thereat_o that_o he_o have_v resolve_v to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n who_o have_v give_v he_o this_o affront_n but_o his_o wife_n appease_v he_o be_v adorn_v more_o than_o ordinary_a she_o present_v herself_o before_o he_o and_o as_o he_o be_v smite_v with_o this_o dress_n which_o in_o the_o perplexity_n wherein_o he_o be_v seem_v to_o he_o improper_a she_o tell_v he_o that_o she_o come_v to_o congratulate_v he_o for_o have_v in_o his_o court_n such_o courageous_a and_o faithful_a servant_n as_o dare_v to_o tell_v he_o the_o truth_n this_o liberty_n of_o admonish_v the_o prince_n pass_v afterward_o into_o a_o law_n there_o be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v some_o office_n purposely_o create_v for_o the_o exercise_v it_o yet_o without_o take_v it_o away_o from_o any_o other_o officer_n of_o state_n and_o the_o chineses_n have_v always_o be_v so_o jealous_a of_o this_o prerogative_n that_o several_a have_v die_v to_o maintain_v it_o and_o that_o there_o have_v be_v some_o example_n