sometime_o call_v pedasus_n where_o the_o parliament_n and_o term_n be_v hold_v and_o whereof_o the_o gulf_n be_v name_v adramitteos_n other_o river_n be_v there_o beside_o to_o wit_n astron_n cormalos_n eryannos_fw-la alabastros_fw-la and_o hiero_n out_o of_o ida._n within-forth_a be_v gargara_n a_o town_n and_o â—…ill_n both_o and_o then_o again_o towards_o the_o sea_n side_n antandros_n beforetime_n call_v edonis_n then_o cymeris_n and_o assos_fw-la which_o also_o be_v apollonia_n long_o since_o also_o there_o be_v a_o town_n call_v palamedium_fw-la after_o all_o these_o you_o come_v upon_o the_o cape_n leolon_n the_o middle_a frontier_n between_o aeolus_n and_o troas_n and_o there_o have_v be_v in_o ancient_a time_n the_o city_n polymedia_n and_o cryssa_n with_o another_o laryssa_n also_o as_o for_o the_o temple_n smintheum_fw-la it_o remain_v still_o but_o far_o within_o the_o town_n colone_n that_o be_v be_v now_o decay_a and_o go_v and_o the_o traffic_n and_o negotiation_n in_o all_o affair_n turn_v from_o thence_o to_o adramytteum_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o territory_n of_o the_o apolloniates_n after_o you_o be_v past_o the_o river_n rhyndicus_fw-la you_o find_v these_o state_n the_o eresians_n miletopolite_n poemanenes_n macedonian_n aschilacae_fw-la polychnaei_fw-la pionite_n cilices_n and_o mandagandenes_n in_o mysia_n the_o abrettines_n and_o those_o call_v hellespontij_fw-la beside_o those_o of_o base_a account_n and_o estimation_n the_o first_o city_n you_o encounter_v in_o troas_n be_v amaxitus_fw-la then_o cebrenia_n and_o troas_n itself_o name_v also_o antigonia_n now_o alexandria_n and_o be_v entitle_v a_o roman_a colony_n beyond_o troas_n stand_v the_o town_n ne_n there_o run_v also_o scamander_n a_o river_n navigable_a and_o sigaeum_n a_o town_n sometime_o upon_o the_o cape_n so_o call_v at_o length_n you_o come_v to_o the_o haven_n of_o the_o greek_n into_o which_o xanthus_n and_o somoe_n be_v run_v joint_o together_o as_o also_o palae-scamander_n but_o first_o it_o make_v a_o lake_n the_o rest_n that_o homer_n so_o much_o speak_v of_o namely_o rhaesius_fw-la heptaporus_n caresus_n and_o rhodius_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n or_o token_n remain_v of_o they_o as_o for_o the_o river_n granicus_n it_o run_v from_o diverse_a part_n into_o the_o channel_n of_o propontis_n yet_o there_o be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o little_a city_n call_v scamandria_n and_o one_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o port_n or_o sea_n the_o free_a city_n ilium_n that_o enjoy_v many_o immunty_n and_o liberty_n of_o which_o town_n go_v all_o that_o great_a name_n without_o this_o gulf_n lie_v the_o coast_n rhoetea_n inhabit_v with_o these_o town_n upon_o it_o namely_o rhoeteum_n dardanium_n and_o arisbe_n there_o stand_v sometime_o also_o acheleum_fw-la a_o town_n near_o unto_o the_o tomb_n of_o achilles_n found_v first_o by_o the_o mityleneans_n and_o afterward_o re-edify_v by_o the_o athenian_n upon_o the_o bay_n sigaeum_n under_o which_o his_o fleet_n ride_v at_o anchor_n there_o also_o be_v acantium_n build_v by_o the_o rhodian_n in_o another_o coin_n or_o canton_n of_o that_o coast_n where_o aiax_n be_v inter_v a_o place_n thirty_o stadia_fw-la distant_a from_o sigaeum_n and_o the_o very_a bay_n wherein_o his_o fleet_n also_o lay_v at_o harbour_n above_o aeolis_n and_o one_o part_n of_o troas_n within_o the_o continent_n and_o firm_a land_n there_o be_v the_o town_n call_v teuthrania_n which_o the_o mysian_n in_o old_a time_n hold_v and_o there_o spring_v caicus_n the_o river_n above_o say_v a_o large_a country_n this_o be_v of_o itself_o and_o especial_o when_o it_o be_v unite_v to_o mysia_n and_o all_o so_o call_v contain_v in_o it_o pioniae_fw-la andera_n caâ—…e_n stabulum_n conisium_fw-la tegium_fw-la balcea_n tiare_fw-la teuthrane_n sarnaca_n haliserne_v lycide_n parthenium_n thymbrum_fw-la oxiopum_fw-la lygdanum_fw-la apollonia_n and_o pergamus_n the_o goodly_a city_n of_o they_o all_o by_o many_o degree_n through_o it_o pass_v the_o river_n selinus_n and_o caetius_fw-la run_v hard_a under_o it_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n pindasus_n and_o not_o far_o from_o thence_o be_v elea_n which_o as_o we_o say_v stand_v upon_o the_o strand_n and_o very_o all_o that_o tract_n and_o jurisdiction_n be_v of_o that_o city_n name_v perganena_n to_o the_o parliament_n and_o judicial_a assize_n there_o resort_v the_o thyatyrenes_n mygdones_n mossine_n bregmenteni_fw-la hieracomitae_fw-la perpereni_fw-la tyareni_fw-la hierapolenses_n harmatapolites_n attalenses_n pantaenses_n apollonidenses_n and_o other_o petty_a city_n of_o no_o name_n and_o account_n as_o for_o dardanium_n a_o pretty_a town_n it_o be_v threescore_o and_o ten_o stadia_fw-la from_o rhoeteum_n eighteen_o mile_n from_o thence_o be_v the_o cape_n trapeza_n where_o the_o sea_n begin_v to_o rush_v rough_o into_o the_o straight_a hellespont_n eratosthenes_n my_o author_n say_v that_o the_o city_n of_o the_o solymi_n leleges_n bebrice_n colycantij_fw-la and_o trepsedore_n sometime_o flourish_v but_o now_o be_v utter_o perish_v isidorus_n report_v as_o much_o of_o the_o arymeo_n and_o capretae_fw-la the_o very_a place_n where_o apamia_n be_v build_v by_o seleucus_n between_o cilicia_n cappadocia_n cataonia_n and_o armenia_n and_o for_o that_o he_o have_v vanquish_v most_o fierce_a and_o cruel_a nation_n at_o the_o first_o he_o name_v it_o damea_n chap._n xxxi_o ¶_o the_o island_n lie_v before_o little_a asia_n and_o in_o the_o pamphylian_a sea_n also_o rhodus_n samus_n and_o chios_n the_o first_o island_n of_o asia_n be_v just_a against_o the_o mouth_n or_o channel_n of_o nilus_n call_v canopicus_fw-la of_o canopus_n asman_n say_v the_o pilot_n of_o k._n menelaus_n the_o second_o be_v pharus_n which_o be_v join_v to_o alexandria_n by_o a_o bridge_n in_o old_a time_n it_o be_v a_o day_n sail_v from_o egypt_n to_o it_o and_o now_o by_o fire_n from_o a_o watchtower_n sailor_n be_v direct_v in_o the_o night_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o egypt_n caesar_n dictator_n erect_v therein_o a_o colony_n and_o in_o truth_n it_o serve_v in_o right_a good_a stead_n as_o a_o lantern_n for_o the_o haven_n about_o alexandriâ—…_n bevery_n dangerous_a and_o deceitful_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o bar_n and_o shelf_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o there_o be_v but_o three_o channel_n and_o no_o more_o by_o which_o a_o man_n may_v pass_v safe_o to_o alexandria_n to_o wit_n tegamum_fw-la posideum_fw-la and_o taurus_n next_o to_o that_o isle_n in_o the_o phoenician_n sea_n before_o joppa_n lie_v paria_fw-la a_o isle_n of_o no_o great_a compass_n for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o town_n this_o be_v the_o place_n folk_n say_v where_o lady_n andromeda_n be_v expose_v and_o cast_v out_o to_o a_o monster_n moreover_o aredos_fw-mi the_o isle_n before_o name_v between_o which_o and_o the_o continent_n there_o be_v a_o fountain_n as_o mutianus_n write_v in_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o be_v fifty_o cubit_n deep_a out_o of_o which_o fresh_a water_n be_v draw_v and_o convey_v from_o the_o very_a bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n through_o pipe_n make_v of_o leather_n as_o for_o the_o pamphylian_a sea_n it_o have_v some_o small_a island_n of_o little_a or_o no_o reckon_n in_o the_o cicilian_a sea_n there_o be_v cyprus_n one_o of_o the_o five_o great_a in_o those_o part_n and_o it_o lie_v east_n and_o west_n full_a against_o cilicia_n and_o syria_n the_o seat_n it_o be_v in_o time_n past_a whereunto_o nine_o kingdom_n do_v homage_n and_o of_o which_o they_o hold_v timosthenes_n say_v that_o it_o contain_v in_o circuit_n four_o hundred_o and_o nineteen_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a but_o isidorus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v but_o three_o hundred_o seventy_o five_o mile_n about_o the_o full_a length_n thereof_o between_o the_o two_o cape_n dinaretas_n and_o acamas_n which_o be_v southward_o artemidorus_n report_v to_o be_v a_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a and_o timosthenes_n two_o hundred_o who_o say_v beside_o that_o sometime_o it_o be_v call_v acamantis_n according_a to_o philonides_n cerastis_n after_o xenagoras_n aspelia_n amathusia_n and_o macatia_n astynomus_n call_v it_o cryptos_n and_o colinia_n town_n there_o be_v in_o it_o fifteen_o paphos_n and_o palepaphos_n that_o be_v paphos_n the_o new_a and_o paphos_n the_o old_a curias_n citium_n corineum_n salamis_n amathus_n lepathos_n soloe_n tamaseus_fw-la epidarum_fw-la chytri_fw-la arsinoe_n carpasium_fw-la and_o golgi_n there_o be_v in_o it_o beside_o cinirya_n marium_n and_o idalium_n but_o now_o be_v they_o come_v to_o nothing_o and_o from_o the_o cape_n anemurium_n in_o cilicia_n it_o be_v fifty_o mile_n distant_a all_o that_o sea_n which_o lie_v between_o it_o and_o cilicia_n they_o call_v aulon_n cilicium_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o plain_a of_o cilicia_n in_o this_o tract_n be_v the_o island_n elaeusa_n and_o four_o other_o beside_o even_o before_o the_o cape_n name_v clides_n over-against_o syria_n likewise_o one_o more_o name_v stiria_n at_o the_o other_o cape_n or_o point_n of_o cilicia_n moreover_o against_o neampaphos_n i._n new_a
have_v water_n at_o command_n and_o good_a cause_n why_o provide_v always_o that_o they_o lie_v under_o a_o good_a town_n side_n in_o the_o three_o place_n he_o range_v the_o oâ—…r_a plot_n and_o after_o they_o olive_n rue_v then_o he_o count_v of_o meadow_n which_o our_o ancestor_n call_v parata_fw-la as_o a_o man_n will_v say_v ready_a and_o provide_v the_o same_o cato_n be_v ask_v what_o be_v the_o most_o assure_a profit_n rise_v out_o of_o land_n make_v this_o answer_n to_o feed_v cattle_n well_o be_v ask_v again_o what_o be_v the_o next_o marry_o quâ—…th_v he_o to_o feed_v in_o a_o mean_a by_o which_o answer_v he_o will_v seem_v to_o conclude_v that_o the_o most_o certain_a and_o sure_a revenue_n be_v that_o which_o will_v cost_v least_o howbeit_o this_o be_v not_o so_o general_a a_o rule_n but_o it_o may_v alter_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o place_n &_o sundry_a occasion_n occurrent_a herunto_o also_o be_v to_o be_v refer_v another_o speech_n of_o he_o that_o a_o good_a husbandman_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o seller_n and_o not_o a_o buyer_n as_o also_o that_o a_o man_n shall_v make_v speed_n in_o his_o youth_n and_o not_o delay_v to_o plant_v and_o stock_n his_o ground_n but_o not_o to_o build_v thereupon_o before_o it_o be_v well_o and_o thorough_o store_v that_o way_n and_o even_o then_o also_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v forward_o thereto_o but_o take_v leisure_n ere_o he_o be_v a_o builder_n for_o it_o be_v the_o best_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n according_a to_o the_o common_a proverb_n to_o make_v use_n and_o reap_v profit_n of_o other_o man_n folly_n provide_v always_o that_o a_o man_n land_n be_v not_o over-built_a lest_o the_o expense_n of_o keep_v all_o in_o good_a repair_n be_v chargeable_a and_o burdensome_a now_o when_o there_o be_v a_o sufficient_a and_o competent_a house_n build_v thereupon_o a_o good_a husband_n will_v use_v to_o repair_v often_o thereunto_o and_o take_v pleasure_n so_o to_o do_v and_o very_o a_o true_a say_n it_o be_v that_o the_o lord_n eye_n be_v far_o better_a for_o the_o land_n than_o his_o heel_n chap._n vi_o ¶_o how_o too_o choose_v a_o convenient_a place_n for_o to_o build_v a_o manor_n house_n in_o the_o country_n also_o certain_a rule_v observe_v in_o ancient_a time_n as_o touch_v husbandry_n and_o till_v ground_n in_o build_v upon_o a_o man_n land_n this_o mean_a and_o moderation_n be_v commend_v that_o the_o house_n be_v answerable_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o ground_n for_o as_o it_o be_v a_o bad_a sight_n to_o see_v a_o large_a domain_n and_o circuit_n of_o ground_n without_o a_o sufficient_a graunge_a or_o home-stal_a to_o it_o so_o it_o be_v as_o great_a a_o folly_n to_o over-build_a the_o same_o &_o to_o make_v a_o fair_a house_n where_o there_o be_v not_o land_n enough_o lie_v to_o it_o like_a as_o there_o be_v two_o man_n at_o one_o time_n live_v who_o fault_v diverse_o in_o this_o behalf_n to_o wit_n l._n lucullus_n and_o q._n scaevola_n for_o the_o one_o be_v possess_v of_o fair_a land_n without_o competent_a building_n thereto_o whereas_o lucullus_n contrariwise_o build_v a_o goodly_a house_n in_o the_o country_n with_o little_a or_o no_o living_n adjoin_v to_o it_o in_o which_o regard_n check_v he_o be_v by_o the_o censor_n for_o sweep_v more_o flower_n than_o he_o plough_v land_n now_o in_o building_n there_o will_v be_v art_n and_o cunning_a show_v for_o even_o of_o late_a day_n c._n marius_n who_o have_v be_v seven_o time_n consul_n of_o rome_n be_v the_o last_o man_n that_o build_v a_o house_n within_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o cape_n misenum_n and_o he_o seat_v it_o so_o as_o if_o he_o have_v pitch_v &_o fortify_v a_o camp_n right_n skilful_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o when_o sylla_n syrname_v foelix_fw-la i._n happy_a see_v his_o manner_n of_o building_n he_o give_v out_o and_o say_v that_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o comparison_n of_o he_o be_v blind_a beetle_n and_o know_v neither_o how_o to_o build_v nor_o to_o encamp_v well_o then_o a_o house_n in_o the_o country_n will_v be_v set_v neither_o near_a unto_o a_o fenny_a and_o dormant_a water_n ne_o yet_o over-against_o the_o course_n and_o stream_n of_o a_o run_a river_n and_o yet_o what_o say_v homer_n beside_o to_o this_o purpose_n the_o air_n and_o mist_n quoth_v he_o and_o that_o right_a true_o arise_v from_o a_o great_a river_n betimes_o in_o a_o morning_n before_o daylight_n can_v choose_v but_o be_v ever_o cold_a and_o unwholesome_a how_o then_o marry_o if_o the_o country_n or_o climate_n be_v hot_a a_o house_n must_v stand_v into_o the_o north_n but_o in_o case_n the_o quarter_n be_v cold_a it_o ought_v to_o affront_v the_o south_n if_o the_o tract_n be_v temperate_a between_o both_o it_o shall_v lie_v open_a upon_o the_o east_n point_n where_o the_o sun_n rise_v at_o the_o aequinox_n as_o touch_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o namely_o what_o sign_n and_o mark_n there_o be_v of_o it_o although_o i_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v sufficient_o speak_v already_o in_o the_o discourse_n which_o i_o have_v of_o the_o best_a kind_n of_o ground_n yet_o i_o be_o content_a to_o subscribe_v to_o other_o token_n thereof_o deliver_v by_o other_o man_n and_o especial_o by_o cato_n in_o these_o word_n follow_v when_o you_o see_v quoth_v he_o grow_v upon_o any_o land_n store_n of_o walwort_n skeg_v tree_n bramble_n the_o little_a wild_a bulbous_a crowtoe_n call_v otherwise_o our_o lady_n cowslip_n claver-grasse_n or_o trifoâ—…le_n melilote_n oak_n wild_a pyrry_n and_o crabtree_n know_v you_o that_o these_o do_v show_v a_o ground_n good_a for_o wheat_n and_o such_o like_a white-corne_n so_o do_v also_o the_o black_a mould_n and_o that_o of_o ash_n colour_n testify_v no_o less_o where_o there_o be_v store_n of_o chalk_n or_o plaster_n the_o ground_n be_v not_o so_o fit_a for_o corn_n for_o all_o kind_n of_o chalk_n do_v heat_n overmuch_o unless_o the_o same_o be_v very_o lean_a the_o like_a do_v sand_n also_o if_o it_o be_v not_o pass_v fine_a and_o small_a and_o the_o effect_n abovesaid_a be_v much_o more_o see_v in_o the_o plain_n and_o champain_n valley_n than_o upon_o the_o hill_n and_o mountain_n our_o ancestor_n in_o old_a time_n think_v it_o a_o principal_a point_n of_o husbandry_n not_o to_o have_v overmuch_o ground_n about_o one_o graunge_a for_o they_o suppose_v more_o profit_n grow_v by_o sow_v less_o and_o till_v it_o better_o of_o which_o mind_n i_o perceive_v colitâ—…_n virgil_n be_v and_o to_o say_v a_o truth_n confess_v we_o must_v needs_o that_o these_o large_a enclosure_n and_o great_a domain_v hold_v by_o private_a person_n have_v long_o since_o be_v the_o ruin_n of_o italy_n and_o of_o late_a day_n have_v undo_v the_o province_n also_o thereto_o belong_v six_o landlord_n there_o be_v and_o no_o more_o that_o possess_v the_o one_o moiety_n of_o all_o africa_a at_o what_o time_n as_o the_o emperor_n nero_n defeat_v and_o put_v they_o to_o death_n where_o by_o the_o way_n i_o may_v not_o defraud_v cn._n pompeius_n of_o the_o due_a glory_n answerable_a to_o that_o greatness_n of_o he_o who_o never_o in_o all_o his_o life_n will_v purchase_v any_o ground_n that_o butt_v or_o border_v upon_o his_o own_o land_n mago_n think_v it_o no_o reason_n but_o a_o very_a ungentle_a and_o unkind_a part_n for_o the_o buy_n of_o land_n to_o sell_v a_o mansion_n house_n and_o in_o his_o conceit_n it_o prejudice_v much_o the_o weale-publick_a and_o very_o this_o be_v the_o principal_a point_n that_o he_o recommend_v in_o the_o entrance_n of_o his_o treatise_n and_o rule_v set_v down_o for_o husbandry_n so_o as_o a_o man_n may_v perceive_v very_o evident_o that_o he_o require_v continual_a residence_n upon_o the_o land_n next_o to_o these_o principle_n above_o name_v great_a regard_n will_v be_v have_v in_o choose_v of_o good_a &_o skilful_a bailiff_n of_o the_o husbandry_n concern_v who_o cato_n have_v give_v many_o rule_n for_o i_o own_o part_n it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o say_v thus_o much_o only_o that_o the_o lord_n ought_v to_o love_v his_o bailiff_n very_o well_o &_o set_v he_o next_o to_o his_o heart_n but_o himself_o shall_v not_o let_v he_o know_v so_o much_o moreover_o i_o hold_v it_o the_o worst_a thing_n that_o be_v to_o set_v slave_n &_o condemn_a person_n in_o their_o gyve_n &_o chain_n about_o till_v and_o husband_v of_o a_o ferm_n neither_o do_v i_o like_v of_o any_o thing_n do_v by_o such_o forlorn_a and_o hopeless_a person_n for_o light_o nothing_o thrive_v under_o their_o hand_n i_o will_v put_v down_o one_o saying_n more_o of_o our_o ancient_a forefather_n but_o that_o haply_o it_o may_v seem_v a_o fond_a &_o rash_a speech_n yea_o and_o altogether_o incredible_a &_o that_o be_v this_o nothing_o be_v less_o profitable_a &_o expedient_a
upon_o the_o tumour_n that_o bear_v aloft_o above_o the_o edge_n theymu_v needs_o glide_v off_o and_o run_v by_o the_o same_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o land_n can_v be_v see_v by_o they_o that_o stand_v upon_o the_o hatch_n of_o the_o ship_n but_o very_o plain_o at_o the_o same_o time_n from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mast_n also_o as_o a_o ship_n go_v a_o far_o off_o from_o the_o land_n if_o any_o thing_n that_o shine_v and_o give_v light_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o top-gallant_n it_o seem_v from_o the_o land_n side_n to_o go_v down_o and_o sink_v into_o the_o sea_n by_o little_a and_o little_a until_o at_o last_o it_o be_v hide_v clean_o last_o of_o all_o the_o very_a ocean_n which_o we_o confess_v to_o be_v the_o utmost_a and_o far_a bound_n environ_v the_o whole_a globe_n by_o what_o other_o figure_n else_o can_v it_o hold_v together_o and_o not_o fall_v down_o since_o there_o be_v no_o other_o bank_n beyond_o it_o to_o keep_v it_o in_o and_o even_o this_o also_o be_v as_o great_a a_o wonder_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v although_o the_o sea_n grow_v to_o be_v round_o that_o the_o utmost_a edge_n thereof_o fall_v not_o down_o against_o which_o if_o the_o sea_n be_v even_o flat_a and_o plain_a and_o of_o that_o form_n as_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o greek_a philosopher_n to_o their_o own_o great_a joy_n and_o glory_n do_v conclude_v and_o prove_v by_o geometrical_a subtle_a demonstration_n that_o it_o can_v possible_o be_v that_o the_o water_n shall_v fall_v for_o see_v that_o water_n run_v natural_o from_o aloft_o to_o the_o low_a part_n and_o that_o all_o man_n confess_v that_o this_o be_v their_o nature_n and_o no_o man_n doubt_v that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n come_v ever_o in_o any_o shore_n so_o far_o as_o the_o devexitie_n will_v have_v suffer_v doubtless_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o low_a a_o thing_n be_v the_o near_a it_o be_v to_o the_o centre_n and_o that_o all_o the_o line_n which_o from_o thence_o be_v send_v out_o to_o the_o next_o water_n be_v short_a than_o those_o which_o from_o the_o first_o water_n reach_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n of_o the_o sea_n hereupon_o the_o whole_a water_n from_o every_o part_n thereof_o bend_v to_o the_o centre_n and_o therefore_o fall_v not_o away_o because_o it_o incline_v natural_o to_o the_o inner_a part_n and_o this_o we_o must_v believe_v that_o nature_n the_o workmistresse_n frame_v and_o ordain_v so_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v dry_a can_v not_o by_o itself_o alone_o without_o some_o moisture_n keep_v any_o consistence_n and_o the_o water_n likewise_o can_v not_o abide_v and_o stay_v unless_o the_o earth_n uphold_v it_o in_o which_o regard_n they_o be_v mutual_o to_o embrace_v one_o another_o and_o so_o be_v unite_v while_o the_o one_o open_v all_o the_o creek_n and_o nook_n and_o the_o other_o run_v whole_o into_o the_o other_o by_o mean_n of_o secret_a vein_n within_o without_z and_o above_o like_o ligament_n to_o clasp_v it_o yea_o and_o so_o break_v out_o at_o the_o utmost_a top_n of_o hill_n whether_o be_v partly_o carry_v by_o a_o spirit_n and_o partly_o express_v forth_o by_o the_o ponderosity_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o mount_v as_o it_o be_v in_o pipe_n and_o so_o far_o be_v it_o from_o danger_n of_o fall_v away_o that_o it_o leap_v up_o to_o the_o high_a and_o lofty_a thing_n that_o be_v by_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v evident_a also_o why_o the_o sea_n swell_v not_o and_o grow_v notwithstanding_o so_o many_o river_n daily_o run_v into_o they_o chap._n lxxvj_o ¶_o how_o the_o matter_n be_v unite_v and_o knit_v to_o the_o earth_n the_o earth_n therefore_o in_o his_o whole_a globe_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o hem_v in_o by_o the_o sea_n run_v round_o about_o it_o and_o this_o need_v not_o to_o be_v seek_v out_o by_o reason_n and_o argument_n for_o it_o be_v know_v already_o by_o good_a proof_n and_o experience_n chap._n lxxvij_o ¶_o navigation_n upon_o the_o sea_n and_o great_a river_n from_o gades_n and_o hercules_n pillar_n the_o west_n sea_n be_v at_o this_o day_n navigable_a and_o sail_v all_o over_o even_o the_o whole_a compass_n of_o spain_n and_o france_n but_o the_o north_n ocean_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n disconer_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o augustus_n caesar_n of_o famous_a memory_n who_o with_o a_o fleet_n compass_v all_o germany_n and_o bring_v it_o about_o as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o cape_n of_o the_o cimbrian_o and_o so_o from_o thence_o have_v kenned_a and_o view_v the_o vast_a and_o wide_a sea_n or_o else_o take_v notice_n thereof_o by_o report_n he_o pass_v to_o the_o scythian_a climate_n and_o those_o cold_a coast_n freeze_a and_o abound_v with_o too_o much_o moisture_n for_o which_o cause_n there_o be_v no_o likelihood_n that_o in_o those_o part_v the_o sea_n be_v at_o a_o end_n whereas_o there_o be_v such_o excessive_a wet_a that_o all_o stand_v with_o water_n and_o near_o unto_o it_o from_o the_o east_n out_o of_o the_o indian_a sea_n that_o whole_a part_n under_o the_o same_o clime_n of_o the_o world_n which_o bend_v under_o the_o caspian_a sea_n be_v sail_v throughout_o by_o the_o macedonian_a army_n when_o seleuchus_n and_o antiochus_n reign_v who_o will_v needs_o have_v it_o so_o that_o seleuchus_n and_o antiochus_n shall_v bear_v their_o name_n about_o the_o caspian_a sea_n also_o many_o coast_n and_o shore_n of_o the_o ocean_n have_v be_v discover_v and_o by_o piecemeal_o rather_o than_o all_o whole_a at_o once_o the_o north_n of_o one_o side_n or_o other_o have_v be_v sail_v or_o row_v over_o but_o yet_o to_o put_v all_o out_o of_o conjecture_n there_o be_v a_o great_a argument_n collect_v out_o of_o the_o mere_a maeotis_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o gulf_n and_o arm_n of_o that_o ocean_n as_o i_o know_v many_o have_v believe_v or_o a_o overflow_a of_o the_o same_o and_o divide_v from_o it_o by_o a_o narrow_a piece_n of_o the_o continent_n in_o another_o side_n of_o gades_n from_o the_o same_o west_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o south_n or_o meridian_n gulf_n round_o about_o mauritania_n be_v at_o this_o day_n sail_v and_o the_o great_a part_n very_o of_o it_o like_v as_o of_o the_o east_n also_o the_o victory_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a view_v and_o compass_v on_o every_o side_n even_o as_o far_o as_o unto_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n wherein_o when_o caius_n caesar_n the_o son_n of_o augustus_n war_v in_o those_o part_n the_o mark_n and_o token_n by_o report_n be_v see_v remain_v after_o the_o spaniard_n shipwreck_n hanno_n likewise_o in_o the_o time_n that_o carthage_n flourish_v in_o puissance_n sail_v round_o about_o from_o gades_n to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n and_o land_n end_v of_o arabia_n and_o set_v down_o that_o his_o voyage_n in_o writing_n like_a as_o also_o himilco_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n send_v out_o in_o a_o voyage_n to_o discover_v the_o utter_a coast_n of_o europe_n moreover_o cornelius_n nepos_n write_v that_o in_o his_o time_n one_o eudoxius_n a_o great_a sailer_n at_o what_o time_n he_o flee_v from_o king_n lathyrus_n depart_v out_o of_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n and_o hold_v on_o his_o course_n as_o far_o as_o gades_n yea_o and_o coelius_n antipater_n long_o before_o he_o report_v that_o he_o see_v the_o man_n who_o have_v sail_v out_o of_o spain_n to_o aethiopia_n for_o traffic_v of_o merchandise_n the_o same_o nepos_n make_v report_n as_o touch_v the_o compass_v about_o of_o the_o north_n that_o unto_o qu._n metellus_n celer_n colleague_n to_o c._n afranius_n in_o the_o consulship_n but_o at_o that_o time_n proconsul_n in_o gaul_n certain_a indian_n be_v give_v by_o a_o king_n of_o the_o suevians_n who_o as_o they_o fail_v out_o of_o india_n for_o traffic_v as_o merchant_n be_v drive_v by_o tempest_n and_o cast_v upon_o germany_n thus_o the_o sea_n flow_v on_o all_o side_n about_o this_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n divide_v and_o cut_v into_o parcel_n bereave_v we_o of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o world_n so_o as_o neither_o from_o thence_o hither_o nor_o from_o hence_o thither_o there_o be_v a_o thorow-faire_a and_o passage_n the_o contemplation_n whereof_o serve_v fit_a to_o discover_v and_o open_v the_o vanity_n of_o man_n seem_v to_o require_v and_o challenge_v of_o i_o that_o i_o shall_v project_v to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o eye_n how_o great_a all_o this_o be_v whatsoever_o it_o be_v and_o wherein_o there_o be_v nothing_o sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v and_o content_v the_o several_a appetite_n of_o each_o man_n chap._n lxviij_o ¶_o what_o portion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v habitable_a now_o first_o and_o foremost_a i_o think_v man_n make_v this_o reckon_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o just_a half_n of_o the_o globe_n and_o that_o no_o portion_n of_o it_o
hill_n and_o likewise_o from_o the_o plain_n of_o arabia_n it_o be_v sea_n also_o about_o ilium_n and_o the_o flat_a of_o teuthrania_n and_o all_o that_o level_v whereas_o the_o river_n maeander_n now_o run_v by_o goodly_a meadow_n chap._n lxxxvi_o ¶_o the_o reason_n of_o island_n that_o new_o appear_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v land_n also_o that_o put_v forth_o after_o another_o manner_n and_o all_o at_o once_o show_v on_o a_o sudden_a in_o some_o sea_n as_o if_o nature_n cry_v quittance_n with_o herself_o and_o make_v even_o pay_v one_o for_o another_o namely_o by_o give_v again_o that_o in_o one_o place_n which_o those_o chawne_n and_o gape_a gulf_n take_v away_o in_o another_o chap._n lxxxvij_o ¶_o what_o island_n have_v spring_v up_o and_o when_o those_o famous_a island_n long_o since_o to_o wit_n delos_n and_o rhodes_n be_v record_v to_o have_v grow_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o afterward_o other_o that_o be_v less_o namely_o anaphe_n beyond_o melos_n and_o nea_n between_o lemnus_n and_o hellespont_n alone_o also_o between_o lebedus_n and_o teos_n thera_n likewise_o and_o therasia_n among_o the_o cyclades_n which_o show_v in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o 135_o olympias_n moreover_o among_o the_o same_o isle_n 130_o year_n after_o hiera_n which_o be_v the_o same_o that_o automate_n and_o two_o furlong_n from_o it_o after_o 110_o year_n thia_n even_o in_o our_o time_n upon_o the_o 8_o day_n before_o the_o ides_n of_o july_n when_o m._n junius_n syllanus_n and_o l._n balbus_n be_v consul_n chap._n lxxxviij_o ¶_o what_o land_n the_o sea_n have_v break_v in_o between_o even_o within_o our_o ken_n near_o to_o italy_n between_o the_o isle_n aeoliae_n in_o like_a manner_n near_o creta_n there_o be_v one_o show_v itself_o with_o hot_a fountame_n out_o of_o the_o sea_n for_o a_o mile_n and_o half_a and_o another_o in_o the_o 3_o year_n of_o the_o 143_o olympias_n within_o the_o tuscan_a gulf_n and_o this_o burn_v with_o a_o violent_a wind_n record_v it_o be_v also_o that_o when_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o fish_n float_v ebb_v about_o it_o those_o person_n die_v present_o that_o do_v feed_v thereof_o so_o they_o say_v that_o in_o the_o campaine_n gulf_n the_o pithecusae_n island_n appear_v and_o soon_o after_o the_o hill_n epopos_n in_o they_o at_o what_o time_n as_o sudden_o there_o burst_v forth_o a_o flame_a fire_n out_o of_o it_o be_v lay_v level_a with_o the_o plain_a champion_n within_o the_o same_o also_o there_o be_v a_o town_n swallow_v up_o by_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o one_o earthquake_n there_o appear_v a_o stand_a pool_n but_o in_o another_o by_o the_o fall_n and_o tumble_v down_o of_o certain_a hill_n grow_v the_o island_n prochyta_n for_o after_o this_o manner_n also_o nature_n have_v make_v island_n thus_o she_o dis-joined_n sicily_n from_o italy_n cyprus_n from_o syria_n euboea_n from_o boeotia_n atalante_n and_o macris_n from_o euboea_n besbycus_fw-la from_o bythinia_n leucostia_n from_o the_o promontory_n and_o cape_n of_o the_o syrenes_n chap._n lxxxix_o what_o island_n come_v to_o join_v unto_o the_o main_n again_o she_o have_v take_v island_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o join_v they_o to_o the_o firm_a land_n namely_o antissa_n to_o lesbos_n zephyria_n to_o halicarnassus_n aethusa_n to_o myndus_n dromiscos_n and_o pern_n to_o miletus_n and_o narthecusa_n to_o the_o promontory_n parthenius_n hybanda_n sometime_o a_o isle_n of_o jonia_n be_v now_o distant_a from_o the_o sea_n 200_o stadia_fw-la as_o for_o syrie_n ephesus_n have_v it_o now_o in_o the_o midland_n part_v far_o from_o the_o sea_n so_o magnesia_n neighbour_a to_o it_o have_v derasitas_fw-la and_o sophonia_n as_o for_o epidaurus_n and_o oricum_n they_o be_v no_o more_o island_n at_o this_o day_n chap._n xc_o ¶_o what_o land_n have_v be_v turn_v whole_o into_o sea_n nature_n have_v altogether_o take_v away_o certain_a land_n in_o the_o first_o place_n whereas_o now_o the_o sea_n atlanticum_n be_v be_v sometime_o the_o continent_n for_o a_o mighty_a space_n of_o ground_n as_o plato_n say_v likewise_o in_o our_o mediterranean_a sea_n all_o man_n may_v see_v at_o this_o day_n how_o much_o have_v be_v drown_v up_o to_o wit_n acarnania_n by_o the_o inward_a gulf_n of_o ambracia_n achaia_n within_o that_o of_o corinth_n europe_n and_o asia_n within_o propontis_n and_o pontus_n over_o and_o beside_o the_o sea_n have_v break_v through_o leucas_n antirrhium_n hellespont_n and_o the_o two_o bosphori_n chap._n xci_o what_o land_n have_v swallow_v up_o themselves_o and_o now_o to_o pass_v over_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o lake_n the_o very_a earth_n have_v devour_v and_o bury_v herself_o to_o wit_n that_o most_o high_a hill_n cybotus_fw-la with_o the_o town_n curite_n sipylus_n in_o magnesia_n and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n before_o time_n the_o most_o noble_a city_n call_v tantalus_n the_o territory_n of_o galanis_n and_o gamale_n in_o phoenicia_n together_o with_o the_o very_a city_n phogium_fw-la also_o a_o pass_a high_a hill_n in_o ethiopia_n as_o if_o the_o very_a strand_n and_o continent_n be_v not_o to_o be_v trust_v but_o they_o also_o must_v work_v hurt_v and_o mischief_n chap._n xcii_o ¶_o what_o city_n have_v be_v drown_v with_o the_o sea_n the_o sea_n pontus_n have_v overwhelm_v pyrrha_n and_o antyssa_n about_o maeotis_n elice_n and_o bura_n in_o the_o gulf_n of_o corinth_n whereof_o the_o mark_n and_o token_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o deep_a out_o of_o the_o island_n cea_n more_o than_o 30_o mile_n of_o ground_n be_v lose_v sudden_o at_o once_o with_o many_o man_n in_o sicily_n also_o the_o sea_n come_v in_o and_o bare_a away_o half_a the_o city_n thindaris_n and_o all_o that_o italy_n nurse_v between_o it_o and_o sicily_n the_o like_v it_o do_v in_o boeotia_n and_o eleusina_n chap._n xciii_o ¶_o of_o the_o strange_a wonder_n of_o the_o land_n for_o let_v we_o speak_v no_o more_o of_o earthquake_n and_o whatsoever_o else_o of_o that_o kind_n as_o of_o grave_n and_o sepulcher_n of_o city_n bury_v and_o extant_a to_o be_v see_v but_o discourse_v we_o rather_o of_o the_o wonder_n than_o the_o mischief_n wrought_v by_o nature_n in_o the_o earth_n and_o sure_o the_o story_n of_o celestial_a thing_n be_v not_o more_o hard_a to_o be_v declare_v the_o wèalth_n be_v such_o of_o metal_n and_o mine_n in_o such_o variety_n so_o rich_a so_o fruitful_a rise_v still_o one_o under_o another_o for_o so_o many_o age_n notwithstanding_o daily_o there_o be_v so_o much_o waste_v and_o consume_v throughout_o the_o world_n with_o fire_n ruin_n shipwreck_n war_n and_o fraudulent_a practice_n yea_o and_o so_o much_o spend_v in_o riot_n and_o superfluous_a vanity_n that_o it_o be_v infinite_a yet_o see_v how_o many_o sort_n of_o gem_n there_o be_v still_o so_o paint_v and_o set_v out_o with_o colour_n in_o precious_a stone_n what_o variety_n of_o sundry_a colour_n and_o how_o bespot_v be_v they_o and_o among_o they_o behold_v the_o brightness_n and_o white_a hue_n of_o some_o exclude_v all_o else_o but_o only_a light_n the_o virtue_n and_o power_n of_o medicinable_a fountain_n the_o wonderful_a burn_v so_o many_o hundred_o year_n together_o of_o fire_n issue_v forth_o in_o so_o many_o place_n the_o deadly_a damp_n and_o exhalation_n in_o some_o place_n either_o send_v out_o of_o pit_n when_o they_o be_v sink_v or_o else_o from_o the_o very_a native_a seat_n and_o position_n of_o the_o ground_n present_a death_n in_o one_o place_n to_o the_o bird_n and_o fowl_n of_o the_o air_n only_o as_o at_o soracte_n in_o a_o quarter_n near_o the_o city_n in_o other_o to_o all_o other_o live_v creature_n save_v only_a man_n yea_o and_o sometime_o to_o man_n also_o as_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o sinuessa_n and_o puteoli_n which_o damp_n hole_n breathe_v out_o a_o deadly_a air_n some_o call_n charoneae_fw-la scrobes_fw-la i._o charon_n ditch_n likewise_o in_o the_o hirpines_n land_n that_o of_o amsanctus_n a_o cave_n near_o unto_o the_o temple_n of_o nephites_n wherinto_o as_o many_o as_o enter_v die_v present_o after_o the_o like_a manner_n at_o hierapolis_n in_o asia_n there_o be_v another_o such_o hurt_v all_o that_o come_v to_o it_o except_o the_o priest_n of_o cybele_n the_o great_a mother_n of_o the_o god_n in_o other_o place_n there_o be_v also_o cave_n and_o hole_n of_o a_o prophetical_a power_n by_o the_o exhalation_n of_o which_o man_n be_v intoxicate_a and_o as_o it_o be_v drunken_a and_o so_o foretell_v thing_n to_o come_v as_o at_o delphi_n that_o most_o renown_a oracle_n in_o all_o which_o thing_n what_o other_o reason_n can_v any_o mortal_a man_n make_v than_o the_o divine_a power_n of_o nature_n diffuse_v and_o spread_v through_o all_o which_o break_v forth_o at_o time_n in_o sundry_a sort_n chap._n xciv_o ¶_o of_o certain_a land_n that_o always_o quake_v some_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v
enfranchise_v with_o the_o liberty_n of_o old_a latium_n stipendiaries_n or_o tributary_n 36._o moreover_o the_o colony_n be_v thus_o name_v augusta_n emerita_n and_o upon_o the_o river_n ana_n metallinensis_fw-la pacensis_n norbensis_fw-la name_v also_o caesariana_n to_o it_o be_v lay_v and_o enrol_v castra_n julia_n and_o castra_n caecilia_n the_o five_o be_v scalabis_n call_v praesidium_n julium_n the_o free_a borough_n of_o roman_a citise_n olyssippo_n name_v also_o felicitas_n julia._n town_n of_o the_o old_a latium_n liberty_n ebora_n which_o likewise_o be_v call_v liberalitas_fw-la julia_n myrtilis_n also_o and_o salatia_n which_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o tributary_n such_o as_o i_o be_o not_o loath_a to_o name_n beside_o the_o above_o say_v in_o the_o addition_n of_o baetica_n august_n obrigense_n ammienses_n aranditani_fw-la axabricenses_fw-la balsenses_n caesarobricenses_n caperenses_n caurense_n colarni_n cibilitani_fw-la concordienses_fw-la the_o same_o that_o bonori_fw-it interausenses_n lancienses_n mirobrigense_n syrname_v celtici_n medubricenses_n the_o same_o that_o plumbarij_fw-la ocelenses_n who_o also_o be_v lancienses_n turtuli_n name_v barduli_n and_o tapori_n m._n agrippa_n have_v write_v that_o lusitania_n together_o with_o asturia_n and_o gallaecia_n be_v in_o length_n 540_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n 526._o but_o all_o spain_n from_o the_o two_o promontory_n of_o pyrenaeus_n along_o the_o sea_n take_v up_o in_o circuit_n of_o the_o whole_a coast_n 2900_o mile_n and_o by_o other_o 2700._o over_o against_o celtiberia_n be_v very_o many_o isle_n call_v of_o the_o greek_n cassiterides_n for_o the_o plenty_n of_o lead_n which_o they_o yield_v and_o just_a against_o the_o promontory_n of_o the_o arrotrebae_fw-la six_o name_v deorum_n i._n of_o the_o god_n which_o some_o have_v call_v fortunatae_n but_o in_o the_o very_a point_n or_o cape_n of_o baetica_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o firth_n 75_o mile_n lie_v the_o island_n gades_n 12_o mile_n long_o as_o polybius_n write_v and_o three_o mile_n broad_a it_o be_v from_o the_o main_a where_o it_o be_v near_a jesse_n than_o mile_n 700_o pace_n in_o other_o place_n above_o seven_o mile_n the_o whole_a isle_n itself_o contain_v the_o space_n of_o 15_o mile_n in_o circuit_n it_o have_v within_o it_o a_o town_n of_o roman_a citizen_n name_n augusta_n vrbs_fw-la julia_n gaditania_n on_o that_o side_n that_o regard_v spain_n within_o 100_o pace_n lie_v another_o island_n three_o mile_n long_o and_o one_o broad_a wherein_o former_o be_v the_o town_n gades_n the_o name_n of_o this_o island_n after_o ephorus_n and_o thilistides_n be_v erythia_n but_o according_a to_o tymaeus_n and_o silenus_n aprodisias_n the_o natural_a homebred_a inhabitant_n call_v it_o junonis_fw-la the_o big_a of_o these_o two_o gades_n as_o say_v tymaeus_n be_v by_o they_o call_v cotinusa_n our_o countryman_n name_v it_o tartessos_n the_o carthaginian_n gadiz_n gadir_n which_o in_o the_o punic_a language_n signify_v the_o enclosure_n number_n of_o seven_o erithia_n the_o other_o be_v call_v because_o the_o tirian_o who_o be_v the_o first_o inhabitant_n be_v report_v to_o have_v have_v their_o first_o beginning_n out_o of_o the_o red_a sea_n erythraeum_n some_o think_v that_o geryon_n here_o dwell_v he_o who_o drove_n of_o cattle_n hercules_n have_v away_o some_o again_o think_v it_o be_v another_o over_o against_o lusitania_n and_o there_o sometime_o so_o call_v chap._n xxiii_o ¶_o the_o measure_n of_o all_o europe_n have_v finish_v our_o circuit_n about_o europe_n we_o must_v now_o yield_v the_o total_a sum_n and_o complete_a measure_n of_o it_o in_o the_o whole_a that_o such_o as_o be_v desirous_a of_o knowledge_n be_v not_o to_o seek_v in_o any_o one_o thing_n artemidorus_z and_o isidore_n have_v set_v down_o the_o length_n thereof_o from_o tanais_n to_o gades_n 84014_o mile_n polybius_n have_v put_v down_o the_o breadth_n thereof_o from_o italy_n to_o the_o ocean_n 1150_o mile_n for_o as_o then_o the_o largeness_n thereof_o be_v not_o know_v now_o the_o very_a breadth_n of_o italy_n alone_o by_o itself_o as_o we_o have_v show_v be_v 1220_o mile_n to_o the_o alps_o from_o whence_o by_o lion_n to_o the_o britain_n part_n of_o the_o morini_n which_o way_n polybius_n seem_v to_o take_v his_o measure_n be_v 1168_o mile_n but_o the_o more_o certain_a measure_n and_o the_o long_o be_v direct_v from_o the_o say_v alps_n to_o the_o west_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o rhine_n through_o the_o place_n call_v castra_n legionum_fw-la germaniae_fw-la 1243_o mile_n now_o from_o hence_o forward_o we_o will_v describe_v africa_n and_o asia_n the_o five_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o nature_n write_v by_o c._n plinius_n secundus_fw-la the_o description_n of_o africa_n africke_n the_o greek_n have_v call_v lybia_n even_o all_o that_o tract_n from_o whence_o the_o lybian_a sea_n before_o it_o begin_v and_o end_v in_o the_o egyptian_a no_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n receive_v few_o gulf_n and_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o that_o long_a compass_n of_o crooked_a coast_n from_o the_o west_n the_o name_n as_o well_o of_o the_o nation_n as_o town_n there_o be_v of_o all_o other_o most_o hard_a to_o be_v pronounce_v unless_o it_o be_v in_o their_o own_o tongue_n and_o again_o they_o be_v castle_n and_o fort_n for_o the_o most_o part_n that_o they_o dwell_v in_o chap._n i._n ¶_o mauritania_n at_o the_o beginning_n the_o land_n of_o mauritania_n until_o the_o time_n of_o c._n caesar_n i._n caligula_n son_n of_o germanicus_n be_v call_v kingdom_n but_o by_o his_o cruelty_n divide_v it_o be_v into_o two_o province_n the_o utmost_a promontory_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v name_v of_o the_o greek_n ampelusia_n the_o town_n therein_o be_v lissa_n and_o cotes_n beyond_o hercules_n pillar_n now_o in_o it_o be_v tingi_fw-la sometime_o build_v by_o antaeus_n and_o afterward_o by_o claudius_n caesar_n when_o he_o make_v a_o colony_n of_o it_o it_o be_v call_v traducta_fw-la julia._n it_o be_v from_o belone_n a_o town_n in_o baetica_n by_o the_o next_o and_o near_a passage_n over_o sea_n thirty_o mile_n five_o and_o twenty_o mile_n from_o it_o in_o the_o ocean_n coast_n stand_v a_o colony_n erect_v by_o augustus_n now_o julia_n constantia_n exempt_v from_o the_o dominion_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o king_n of_o zilis_n and_o command_v to_o go_v for_o law_n and_o justice_n as_o far_o as_o baetica_n and_o two_o and_o thirty_o mile_n from_o it_o lixos_n make_v a_o colony_n by_o claudius_n caesar_n whereof_o in_o old_a time_n there_o go_v many_o fabulous_a and_o loud_a lie_a tale_n for_o there_o stand_v they_o say_v the_o royal_a palace_n of_o antaeus_n there_o be_v the_o combat_n between_o he_o and_o hercules_n there_o also_o be_v the_o garden_n and_o hort-yard_n of_o the_o hesperides_n now_o there_o flow_v thereinto_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n a_o certain_a creek_n or_o arm_n thereof_o and_o that_o by_o a_o wind_a channel_n wherein_o man_n now_o take_v it_o that_o there_o be_v dragon_n serve_v in_o good_a stead_n to_o keep_v and_o guard_v the_o same_o it_o enclose_v a_o island_n within_o itself_o which_o notwithstanding_o the_o tract_n thereby_o be_v somewhat_o high_o be_v only_o not_o overflow_v by_o the_o sea_n tide_n in_o it_o there_o stand_v erect_v a_o altar_n of_o hercules_n and_o set_v aside_o certain_a wild_a olive_n nothing_o else_o be_v to_o be_v see_v of_o that_o goodly_a grove_n report_v to_o bear_v golden_a apple_n and_o in_o good_a faith_n less_o may_v they_o wonder_v at_o the_o strange_a lie_n of_o greece_n give_v out_o of_o these_o and_o the_o river_n lixus_o who_o will_v but_o think_v how_o of_o late_a our_o countryman_n have_v deliver_v some_o fable_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n as_o monstrous_a well-near_a to_o wit_n that_o this_o a_o most_o strong_a and_o mighty_a city_n and_o big_a than_o great_a carthage_n moreover_o that_o it_o be_v situate_a right_n against_o it_o and_o a_o infinite_a way_n well-near_a from_o tingi_fw-la and_o other_o such_o like_a which_o cornelius_n nepos_n have_v be_v most_o eager_a to_o believe_v from_o lixus_o forty_o mile_n in_o the_o midland_n part_n of_o the_o main_n stand_v babba_n another_o colony_n of_o augustus_n call_v by_o he_o julia_n in_o the_o field_n or_o champain_n also_o a_o three_o 75_o mile_n off_o call_v banasa_n but_o now_o it_o have_v the_o addition_n of_o valentia_n 35_o mile_n from_o it_o be_v the_o town_n volubile_fw-la just_a in_o the_o mid_a way_n between_o both_o sea_n but_o in_o the_o coast_n and_o border_n thereof_o fifty_o mile_n from_o lixus_o run_v subur_n a_o goodly_a plenteous_a river_n and_o navigable_a near_o to_o the_o colony_n banasa_n as_o many_o mile_n from_o it_o be_v the_o town_n sala_n stand_v upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n near_o now_o unto_o the_o wilderness_n much_o infest_a and_o annoy_v with_o whole_a herd_n of_o elephant_n but_o much_o more_o with_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o autololes_n through_o
albeit_o a_o man_n make_v trial_n thereof_o in_o the_o winter_n season_n furthermore_o that_o the_o peasant_n who_o dwell_v in_o the_o next_o forest_n be_v pester_v with_o elephant_n wild_a beast_n and_o serpent_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o those_o people_n be_v call_v canarij_fw-la for_o that_o they_o and_o dog_n feed_v together_o one_o with_o another_o and_o part_n among_o they_o the_o bowel_n of_o wild_a beast_n for_o certain_a it_o be_v know_v that_o a_o nation_n of_o the_o aethyopian_o who_o they_o call_v peroesi_n join_v upon_o they_o juba_n the_o father_n of_o ptolomaeus_n who_o beforetime_n rule_v over_o both_o mauritane_n a_o man_n more_o memorable_a and_o renown_a for_o his_o study_n and_o love_n of_o good_a letter_n than_o for_o his_o kingdom_n and_o royal_a port_n have_v write_v the_o like_o concern_v atlas_n and_o he_o say_v moreover_o that_o there_o be_v a_o herb_n grow_v there_o call_v euphorbia_n of_o his_o physician_n name_v that_o first_o find_v it_o the_o milky_a juice_n whereof_o he_o praise_v wondrous_a much_o for_o to_o clear_v the_o eye_n and_o to_o be_v a_o preseruative_n against_o all_o serpent_n and_o poison_n whatsoever_o and_o thereof_o have_v he_o write_v a_o treatise_n and_o make_v a_o book_n by_o itself_o thus_o much_o may_v suffice_v if_o it_o be_v not_o too_o much_o as_o touch_v atlas_n chap._n ii_o ¶_o the_o province_n tingitania_n the_o length_n of_o the_o province_n tingitania_n take_v 170_o mile_n the_o nation_n therein_o be_v these_o the_o mauri_n which_o in_o time_n past_a be_v the_o principal_a and_o of_o who_o the_o province_n take_v name_n and_o those_o most_o writer_n have_v call_v marusij_fw-la be_v by_o war_n weaken_v and_o diminish_v they_o come_v in_o the_o end_n to_o a_o few_o family_n only_o next_o to_o they_o be_v the_o massaesuli_n but_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v they_o consume_v now_o be_v the_o province_n inhabit_v by_o the_o getulians_n bannurri_n and_o the_o autololes_n the_o most_o valiant_a and_o puissant_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n a_o member_n of_o these_o be_v sometime_o the_o vesuni_fw-la but_o be_v divide_v from_o they_o they_o become_v a_o nation_n by_o themselves_o and_o bound_v upon_o the_o aethiopian_n the_o province_n natural_o full_a of_o mountain_n eastward_o breed_v elephant_n in_o the_o hill_n also_o abila_n and_o in_o those_o which_o for_o their_o even_a and_o equal_a height_n they_o call_v the_o 7_o brethren_n and_o these_o butt_n upon_o abila_n which_o look_v over_o into_o the_o sea_n from_o these_o begin_v the_o coast_n of_o the_o inward_a sea_n the_o river_n timuda_n navigable_a and_o a_o town_n sometime_o of_o that_o name_n the_o river_n land_n which_o also_o receive_v vessel_n the_o town_n rusardie_n and_o the_o haven_n the_o river_n malvana_n navigable_a the_o town_n siga_n just_a against_o malacha_n situate_a in_o spain_n the_o royal_a seat_n of_o syphax_n and_o now_o the_o other_o mauritania_n for_o a_o long_a time_n they_o keep_v the_o name_n of_o kk_n so_o as_o the_o utmost_a be_v call_v bogadiana_n and_o likewise_o bocchi_n which_o now_o be_v caesarienses_n next_o unto_o it_o be_v the_o haven_n for_o the_o largeness_n thereof_o call_v magnus_n with_o a_o town_n of_o roman_a citizen_n the_o river_n muluca_n which_o be_v the_o limit_n of_o bocchi_n and_o the_o massaesuli_n quiza_n xenitana_n a_o town_n of_o stranger_n atsennaria_n a_o town_n of_o latin_n three_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n carcenna_n a_o colony_n of_o augustus_n erect_v for_o the_o second_o legion_n likewise_o another_o colony_n of_o his_o plant_v with_o the_o praetorian_a band_n gunugi_n and_o the_o promontory_n of_o apollo_n and_o a_o most_o famous_a town_n there_o caesarea_n usual_o beforetime_n call_v jol_n the_o royal_a seat_n of_o king_n juba_n endow_v by_o claudius_n the_o emperor_n of_o happy_a memory_n with_o the_o franchise_n and_o right_a of_o a_o colony_n at_o who_o appointment_n the_o old_a soldier_n be_v there_o bestow_v a_o new_a town_n tipasa_n with_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o latium_n likewise_o icosium_n endow_v by_o vespasian_n the_o emperor_n with_o the_o same_o donation_n the_o colony_n of_o augustus_n rusconiae_fw-la and_o ruscurium_fw-la by_o claudius_n honour_v with_o the_o free_a burgeoisie_n of_o the_o city_n rusoezus_fw-la a_o colony_n of_o augustus_n salde_v a_o colony_n of_o the_o same_o man_n igelgili_n also_o and_o turca_n a_o town_n seat_v upon_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o river_n amsaga_n within_o the_o land_n the_o colony_n augusta_n the_o same_o that_o succubar_n and_o likewise_o tubrisuptus_fw-la city_n timici_fw-la tigavae_fw-la river_n sardabala_n and_o nabar_fw-la the_o people_n macurebi_n the_o river_n vsar_n and_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o nabades_n the_o river_n ampsaga_n be_v from_o caesarea_n 233_o mile_n the_o length_n of_o mauritania_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o together_o be_v 839_o mile_n the_o breadth_n 467._o chap._n iii_o ¶_o numidia_n next_o to_o ampsaga_n be_v numidia_n renown_v for_o the_o name_n of_o masanissa_n call_v of_o the_o greek_n the_o land_n metagonitis_n the_o numidian_a nomads_n so_o name_v of_o change_v their_o pasture_n who_o carry_v their_o cottage_n or_o shed_n and_o those_o be_v all_o their_o dwell_a house_n about_o with_o they_o upon_o wane_v their_o town_n be_v cullu_n and_o rusicade_n from_o which_o 48_o mile_n off_o within_o the_o midland_n part_n be_v the_o colony_n cirta_n surname_v of_o the_o cirtanes_n another_o also_o within_o and_o a_o free_a borough_n town_n name_v bulla_n regia_n but_o in_o the_o utmost_a coast_n tacatua_n hippo_n regius_n and_o the_o river_n armua_n the_o town_n trabacha_n of_o roman_a citizen_n the_o river_n tusca_n which_o bound_v numidia_n and_o beside_o the_o numidian_a marble_n and_o great_a breed_n of_o wild_a beast_n nothing_o be_v there_o else_o worth_a the_o note_n chap._n iu._n ¶_o africa_n from_o tusca_n forward_o you_o have_v the_o region_n zeugitana_n and_o the_o country_n proper_o call_v africa_n three_o promontory_n first_o the_o white_a then_o anon_o that_o of_o apollo_n over-against_o sardinia_n and_o a_o three_o of_o mercury_n opposite_a to_o sicily_n which_o run_v into_o the_o sea_n make_v two_o creek_n the_o one_o hipponensis_n next_o to_o the_o town_n which_o they_o call_v hippo_n raze_v the_o greek_n name_v it_o diarrhyton_n for_o the_o little_a brook_n and_o ril_n that_o water_n the_o ground_n upon_o this_o there_o border_v theudalis_fw-la a_o exempt_a town_n from_o tribute_n but_o somewhat_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n side_n then_o the_o promontory_n of_o apollo_n and_o in_o the_o other_o creek_n utica_n a_o town_n of_o roman_a citizen_n ennoble_v for_o the_o death_n of_o cato_n and_o the_o river_n bagrada_n a_o place_n call_v castra_n cornelia_n and_o the_o colony_n carthago_n among_o the_o relic_n and_o ruin_n of_o great_a carthage_n and_o the_o colony_n maxulla_n town_n carpi_n misna_n and_o the_o free_a borough_n clupea_n upon_o the_o promontory_n of_o mercury_n item_n free_a town_n curubis_n and_o neapolis_n soon_o after_o you_o shall_v meet_v with_o another_o distinction_n of_o africa_n indeed_o libyphoenices_n be_v rhey_n call_v who_o inhabit_v byzacium_n for_o so_o be_v that_o region_n name_v contain_v in_o circuit_n 250_o mile_n exceed_v fertile_a and_o plenteous_a where_o the_o ground_n sow_v yield_v again_o to_o the_o husbandman_n 100_o fold_v increase_n in_o it_o be_v free_a town_n leptis_n adrumetum_n ruspina_n and_o thapsus_n then_o thenae_n macomades_n tacape_n sabrata_n reach_v to_o the_o less_o syâ—…is_n to_o which_o the_o length_n of_o numidia_n and_o africa_n from_o amphaga_n be_v 580_o mile_n the_o breadth_n 〈◊〉_d â—…ch_v there_o of_o as_o be_v know_v 200._o now_o this_o part_n which_o we_o have_v call_v africa_n be_v divide_v into_o province_n twain_o the_o old_a and_o the_o new_a separate_v one_o from_o the_o other_o by_o a_o fossae_n or_o ditch_n bring_v as_o far_o as_o to_o thenae_n within_o the_o african_a gulf_n which_o town_n be_v 217_o mile_n from_o carthage_n and_o that_o trench_n scipio_n africanus_n the_o second_o cause_v to_o be_v make_v &_o bear_v half_o the_o charge_n together_o with_o the_o kk_n the_o three_o gulf_n be_v part_v into_o twain_o curse_v and_o horrible_a place_n both_o for_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o shelf_n between_o the_o two_o syrtes_n from_o carthage_n to_o the_o near_a of_o they_o which_o be_v the_o less_o be_v 300_o mile_n by_o the_o account_n of_o polybius_n who_o say_v also_o that_o the_o say_a syrte_n be_v for_o 100_o mile_n forward_o dangerous_a and_o 300_o about_o by_o land_n also_o thither_o the_o way_n be_v passeable_a by_o observation_n of_o the_o star_n at_o one_o time_n of_o the_o year_n only_o and_o that_o lie_v through_o desert_n sand_n and_o place_n full_a of_o serpent_n and_o then_o you_o meet_v with_o forest_n replenish_v with_o number_n of_o wild_a beast_n and_o within-forth_a wilderness_n of_o
esteem_v this_o bird_n so_o soon_o as_o she_o be_v take_v prisoner_n lose_v her_o voice_n and_o be_v mute_a for_o otherwise_o she_o be_v vocal_a and_o loud_a enough_o and_o in_o old_a time_n be_v repute_v a_o rare_a and_o singular_a bird_n but_o now_o there_o be_v catch_v of_o they_o in_o france_n and_o spain_n yea_o and_o among_o the_o alps_o where_o also_o the_o plungeon_n or_o bald_a raven_n be_v which_o heretofore_o be_v think_v proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o the_o baleare_a island_n like_v as_o the_o pyrrhocorax_n i._o the_o red_a raven_n with_o the_o yellow_a bill_n be_v suppose_v to_o breed_v only_o among_o the_o alps_o and_o with_o it_o the_o lagopus_n a_o dainty_a bird_n and_o most_o pleasant_a in_o the_o dish_n and_o this_o name_n it_o take_v in_o greek_a because_o it_o be_v rough_a footed_a and_o haired_a like_o the_o hair_n foot_n otherwise_o all_o over_o white_a and_o as_o big_a as_o a_o pigeon_n have_v she_o out_o of_o the_o ground_n under_o which_o she_o breed_v you_o shall_v hardly_o get_v she_o to_o feed_v neither_o will_v she_o be_v make_v tame_a live_v she_o never_o so_o long_o kill_v she_o once_o the_o body_n present_o will_v rot_v and_o putrify_v there_o be_v another_o beside_o of_o that_o name_n and_o differ_v from_o quail_n only_o in_o bigness_n for_o it_o be_v great_a than_o the_o quail_n and_o with_o a_o yellow_a sauce_n of_o saffron_n it_o be_v a_o most_o delicate_a piece_n of_o meat_n m._n egnatius_n calvinus_n governor_n of_o the_o part_n about_o the_o alps_o report_v that_o he_o have_v see_v there_o the_o ibis_n a_o bird_n proper_a to_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n chap._n xlix_o ¶_o of_o new_a bird_n and_o such_o as_o be_v hold_v for_o fabulous_a during_o the_o civil_a war_n between_o otho_n and_o vitellius_n and_o namely_o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o journey_n or_o battle_n of_o bebriacum_n beyond_o the_o po_n there_o be_v these_o new_a bird_n for_o so_o they_o be_v call_v still_o at_o this_o day_n bring_v into_o italy_n like_o they_o be_v to_o thrush_n or_o maviss_n somewhat_o less_o than_o house_n dove_n pleasant_a in_o the_o eat_n the_o baleare_a isle_n send_v we_o another_o porphyrio_n better_a than_o that_o before_o name_v cap._n 46._o where_o the_o buzzard_n also_o a_o kind_n of_o hawk_n be_v hold_v for_o excellent_a meat_n and_o serve_v up_o at_o the_o table_n likewise_o the_o vipio_n for_o so_o they_o call_v the_o lesser_a crane_n as_o for_o the_o fowl_n call_v pegasi_n head_v like_o horse_n and_o the_o griffon_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v long_a ear_n and_o a_o hook_a bill_n i_o take_v they_o to_o be_v mere_a fable_n and_o yet_o they_o say_v that_o the_o pegasi_n shall_v be_v in_o scythia_n and_o the_o griffon_n in_o ethyopia_n moreover_o i_o think_v the_o same_o of_o the_o tragopanades_n which_o many_o man_n affirm_v to_o be_v great_a than_o the_o eagle_n have_v crooked_a horn_n like_o a_o ram_n on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o head_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o iron_n and_o the_o head_n only_o red_a as_o touch_v the_o bird_n syrenes_n i_o will_v never_o believe_v there_o be_v any_o such_o let_v dino_n the_o father_n of_o clitarchus_n that_o renown_a writer_n say_v what_o he_o will_v who_o avouch_v for_o a_o truth_n that_o they_o be_v in_o india_n and_o that_o with_o their_o sing_n they_o will_v bring_v folk_n asleep_o and_o then_o fly_v upon_o they_o and_o tear_v they_o in_o piece_n he_o that_o will_v give_v credit_n to_o these_o fable_n may_v even_o as_o well_o believe_v that_o dragon_n forsooth_o teach_v melampus_n by_o lick_v his_o ear_n how_o to_o understand_v the_o language_n of_o bird_n when_o they_o chant_v and_o sing_v upon_o tree_n or_o cry_v and_o chirp_v in_o the_o air_n likewise_o the_o tale_n that_o democritus_n tell_v who_o name_v certain_a bird_n of_o who_o blood_n mingle_v together_o and_o suffer_v to_o corrupt_v there_o be_v engender_v a_o serpent_n which_o whosoever_o eat_v shall_v know_v what_o bird_n say_v one_o to_o another_o in_o their_o speech_n and_o namely_o the_o strange_a thing_n he_o tell_v of_o the_o lark_n above_o the_o rest_n for_o very_o without_o these_o fabulous_a lie_n man_n head_n be_v occupy_v enough_o and_o too_o much_o to_o about_o the_o augury_n only_o and_o presage_v of_o bird_n that_o they_o have_v no_o need_n to_o busy_a &_o trouble_v their_o brain_n about_o those_o toy_n homer_n make_v mention_n of_o certain_a bird_n call_v scope_n but_o i_o can_v conceive_v those_o satirical_a gesticulation_n of_o they_o like_o antike_n when_o they_o be_v perch_v which_o so_o many_o man_n talk_v of_o neither_o do_v i_o think_v otherwise_o but_o that_o these_o bird_n be_v out_o of_o knowledge_n now_o a_o day_n and_o therefore_o far_o better_a it_o be_v to_o write_v of_o those_o we_o know_v chap._n l._n ¶_o wâ—…o_o first_o devise_v to_o cram_v hen_n who_o invent_v mues_n and_o coupes_z to_o keep_v foul_a in_o they_o of_o the_o island_n delos_n begin_v the_o cram_n of_o hen_n and_o pullein_n first_o and_o from_o they_o arise_v that_o detestable_a gourmandise_n and_o gluttony_n to_o eat_v hen_n and_o capon_n so_o fat_a &_o interlard_v with_o their_o own_o grease_n among_o the_o old_a statute_n ordain_v for_o to_o repress_v inordinate_a feast_n i_o find_v in_o one_o act_n make_v by_o c._n fannius_n a_o consul_n of_o rome_n eleven_o year_n before_o the_o three_o punic_a war_n a_o express_a prohibition_n and_o restraint_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v have_v his_o table_n serve_v with_o any_o foul_a unless_o it_o be_v one_o hen_n and_o no_o more_o and_o the_o same_o a_o runner_n only_o and_o not_o feed_v up_o and_o cram_v fat_a the_o branch_n of_o this_o one_o statute_n be_v afterward_o take_v forth_o and_o insert_v in_o all_o other_o act_v provide_v in_o that_o behalf_n &_o go_v currant_n through_o all_o howbeit_o for_o all_o the_o law_n so_o well_o set_v down_o there_o be_v a_o start_a hole_n find_v to_o delude_v and_o escape_v the_o meaning_n thereof_o namely_o to_o feed_v cock_n &_o capon_n also_o with_o a_o past_a soak_a in_o milk_n &_o mead_n together_o for_o to_o make_v their_o flesh_n more_o tender_a delicate_a and_o of_o sweet_a taste_n for_o that_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o statute_n reach_v no_o far_a than_o to_o hen_n or_o pullet_n as_o for_o the_o hen_n they_o only_o be_v think_v good_a and_o well_o enough_o cram_v which_o be_v fat_a about_o the_o neck_n and_o have_v their_o skin_n plump_a and_o soft_a there_o howbeit_o afterward_o our_o fine_a cook_n begin_v to_o look_v to_o their_o hind-part_n about_o the_o rump_n and_o choose_v they_o thereby_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v make_v a_o great_a show_n in_o the_o platter_n they_o slit_v rhem_n along_o the_o chine_n and_o lay_v their_o leg_n out_o at_o large_a that_o they_o may_v take_v up_o the_o whole_a dresser_n board_n the_o parthian_n also_o have_v teach_v our_o cook_n their_o own_o fashion_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o fine_a dress_n and_o set_v out_o of_o meat_n there_o be_v nothing_o that_o please_v and_o content_v the_o tooth_n of_o man_n in_o all_o respect_n while_o one_o love_v nothing_o but_o the_o leg_n another_o like_v and_o praise_v the_o white_a brawn_n alone_o about_o the_o breast_n bone_n the_o first_o that_o devise_v a_o barton_n &_o move_v to_o keep_v foul_a in_o be_v m._n lenius_n strabo_n a_o gentleman_n of_o rome_n who_o make_v such_o a_o one_o at_o brindis_n where_o he_o have_v enclose_v bird_n of_o all_o kind_n and_o by_o his_o example_n we_o begin_v to_o keep_v fowl_n within_o narrow_a coup_n and_o cage_n as_o prisoner_n to_o which_o creature_n natâ—…re_v have_v allow_v the_o wide_a air_n for_o their_o scope_n and_o habitation_n chap._n li._n ¶_o of_o aesopes_n proud_a platter_n but_o in_o the_o relation_n and_o report_n of_o this_o argument_n notorious_a above_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o our_o memory_n be_v that_o platter_n of_o clodius_n aesopus_n the_o player_n of_o tragedy_n which_o be_v esteem_v worth_a 〈◊〉_d six_o hundred_o sestertia_fw-la in_o this_o one_o charger_n he_o serve_v up_o at_o the_o table_n all_o kind_n of_o bird_n that_o either_o can_v sing_v or_o say_v after_o a_o man_n and_o they_o cost_v he_o six_o hundred_o sesterce_n apiece_o and_o sure_o it_o be_v no_o delight_n &_o pleasure_n that_o he_o seek_v herein_o to_o content_v the_o tooth_n but_o only_o that_o he_o will_v have_v the_o name_n to_o eat_v the_o resembler_n of_o man_n voice_n without_o any_o consideration_n &_o regard_n that_o he_o have_v of_o all_o that_o great_a riches_n and_o revenue_n of_o his_o own_o which_o himself_o have_v get_v by_o his_o tongue_n and_o by_o counterfeit_v the_o speech_n of_o other_o a_o father_n very_o worthy_a such_o a_o son_n who_o as_o we_o say_v before_o devour_v those_o precious_a pearl_n and_o to_o speak_v
thing_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o commerce_n we_o have_v have_v with_o the_o universal_a world_n by_o thâ—…â—…fick_n negotiation_n and_o society_n i_o say_v that_o we_o have_v enter_v into_o during_o the_o bless_a time_n of_o peace_n whichwe_v have_v enjoy_v consider_v that_o by_o such_o trade_n and_o intercourse_n all_o thing_n heretofore_o unknown_a may_v have_v come_v to_o light_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o few_o or_o none_o believe_v i_o there_o be_v who_o have_v attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o many_o matter_n which_o the_o old_a writer_n in_o time_n past_a have_v teach_v and_o put_v in_o writing_n whereby_o we_o may_v easy_o see_v that_o our_o ancestor_n be_v either_o far_o more_o careful_a and_o industrious_a or_o in_o their_o industry_n more_o happy_a and_o fortunate_a consider_v withal_o that_o above_o two_o hundred_o year_n past_o hesiodus_n who_o live_v in_o the_o very_a infancy_n of_o learning_n and_o good_a letter_n begin_v his_o work_n of_o agriculture_n and_o set_v down_o rule_n and_o precept_n for_o husbandman_n to_o follow_v after_o who_o good_a example_n many_o other_o have_v travel_v and_o take_v like_o pain_n yet_o have_v put_v we_o now_o to_o great_a labour_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o be_v not_o only_o to_o search_v into_o the_o last_o invention_n of_o late_a writer_n but_o also_o to_o those_o of_o ancient_a time_n which_o be_v forget_v and_o cover_v with_o oblivion_n through_o the_o supine_n negligence_n and_o general_a idleness_n of_o all_o mankind_n and_o what_o reason_n may_v a_o man_n allege_v of_o this_o drowsiness_n but_o that_o which_o have_v lull_v the_o world_n asleep_a the_o cause_n in_o good_a faith_n of_o all_o be_v this_o and_o no_o other_o we_o be_v ready_a to_o forgo_v all_o good_a custom_n of_o old_a and_o to_o embrace_v novelty_n and_o change_n of_o fashion_n man_n mind_n now_o a_o day_n be_v amuse_v and_o occupy_v about_o new_a fangle_n and_o their_o thought_n be_v roll_v they_o wander_v and_o rove_v at_o random_n their_o head_n be_v ever_o run_v and_o no_o art_n and_o profession_n be_v now_o set_v by_o and_o in_o request_n but_o such_o as_o bring_v penny_n into_o our_o purse_n heretofore_o while_o king_n and_o potentate_n contain_v themselves_o within_o the_o dominion_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n and_o be_v not_o so_o ambitious_a as_o now_o they_o be_v no_o marvel_n if_o their_o wit_n and_o spirit_n keep_v still_o at_o home_n and_o so_o for_o want_v of_o wealth_n and_o riches_n of_o fortune_n be_v force_v to_o employ_v and_o exercise_v the_o gift_n of_o their_o mind_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o prince_n be_v honour_v and_o renown_v for_o their_o singular_a knowledge_n and_o learning_n yea_o they_o be_v more_o brave_a in_o port_n and_o carry_v a_o goodly_a show_n in_o the_o world_n for_o their_o skill_n in_o liberal_a science_n than_o other_o with_o all_o their_o pomp_n or_o riches_n be_v full_o persuade_v and_o assure_v that_o the_o way_n to_o attain_v unto_o 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thing_n that_o be_v perish_v and_o utter_o forget_v how_o small_a and_o base_a scever_n some_o of_o they_o be_v no_o more_o than_o i_o be_v affright_v in_o that_o regard_n from_o the_o treatise_n and_o discourse_n of_o live_a creature_n notwithstanding_o that_o i_o see_v virgil_n a_o most_o excellent_a poet_n for_o that_o cause_n only_o forbear_v to_o write_v of_o garden_n and_o hortyard_n because_o he_o will_v not_o enter_v into_o such_o petty_a matter_n and_o of_o those_o so_o important_a thing_n that_o he_o handle_v he_o gather_v only_o the_o principal_a flower_n and_o put_v they_o down_o in_o writing_n who_o albeit_o that_o he_o have_v make_v mention_n of_o no_o more_o than_o 15_o sort_n of_o grape_n three_o kind_n of_o olive_n and_o as_o many_o of_o pear_n and_o set_v aside_o the_o citron_n and_o lemon_n have_v not_o say_v a_o word_n of_o any_o apple_n yet_o in_o this_o one_o thing_n happy_a and_o fortunate_a he_o be_v for_o that_o his_o work_n be_v high_o esteem_v and_o no_o imputation_n of_o negligence_n charge_v upon_o he_o but_o where_o now_o shall_v we_o begin_v this_o treatise_n of_o we_o what_o deserve_v the_o chief_a and_o principal_a place_n but_o the_o vine_n in_o which_o respect_n italy_n have_v the_o name_n for_o the_o very_a sovereignty_n of_o vine-yard_n insomuch_o that_o therein_o alone_o if_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o it_o may_v well_o seem_v to_o surpass_v all_o other_o land_n even_o those_o that_o bring_v forth_o odoriferous_a spice_n and_o aroâ—…call_a drug_n and_o yet_o to_o say_v a_o truth_n there_o be_v no_o smell_n so_o pleasant_a whatsoever_o that_o outgoeth_a vine_n when_o they_o be_v in_o their_o fresh_a and_o flower_a time_n chap._n i._n ¶_o of_o vines_n their_o nature_n and_o manner_n of_o bear_v vine's_n in_o old_a time_n be_v by_o good_a reason_n for_o their_o bigness_n reckon_v among_o tree_n for_o in_o populonia_n a_o city_n of_o tuscan_a we_o see_v a_o statue_n of_o jupiter_n make_v of_o the_o wood_n of_o one_o entire_a vine_n and_o yet_o continue_v it_o have_v a_o world_n of_o year_n uncorrupt_a and_o without_o worm_n likewise_o at_o massiles_n there_o be_v a_o great_a stand_a cup_n or_o bowl_n to_o be_v see_v of_o vine-wood_n at_o metapontum_n there_o stand_v a_o temple_n of_o juno_n bear_v upon_o pillar_n of_o vine_n wood_n and_o even_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v a_o ladder_n or_o pair_n of_o stair_n up_o to_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n in_o ephesus_n frame_v of_o one_o vine-tree_n bring_v by_o report_n out_o of_o the_o island_n cypress_n for_o there_o indeed_o vine_n grow_v to_o a_o exceed_a bigness_n and_o to_o speak_v a_o truth_n there_o be_v no_o wood_n more_o durable_a and_o last_a than_o be_v the_o vine_n howbeit_o for_o my_o part_n i_o will_v think_v that_o these_o singular_a piece_n of_o work_n beforenamed_n be_v make_v
find_v to_o be_v fat_a the_o white_a be_v chief_a and_o thereof_o be_v many_o sort_n the_o most_o mordant_a and_o sharp_a of_o they_o all_o be_v that_o whereof_o we_o speak_v before_o a_o second_o kind_n there_o be_v of_o chalkish_a clay_n which_o our_o goldsmith_n use_n call_v tripela_n this_o lie_v a_o great_a depth_n within_o the_o earth_n insomuch_o as_o many_o time_n man_n be_v drive_v to_o sink_v pit_n 100_o foot_n deep_a for_o it_o and_o those_o have_v a_o small_a and_o narrow_a mouth_n above_o but_o within-forth_a and_o under_o the_o ground_n they_o be_v dig_v wide_a by_o reason_n that_o the_o vein_n thereof_o run_v many_o way_n in_o manner_n of_o other_o mettle_n mine_n this_o be_v the_o marvel_n so_o much_o use_v in_o britain_n the_o strength_n thereof_o be_v cast_v upon_o a_o land_n will_v last_v 80_o year_n and_o never_o yet_o be_v the_o man_n know_v that_o herewith_o marled_a the_o same_o ground_n twice_o in_o all_o his_o life_n time_n the_o three_o kind_n of_o white_a 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above_o ten_o year_n the_o heduan_o and_o pictones_n have_v force_v their_o ground_n and_o make_v they_o most_o plentiful_a with_o limestone_n which_o be_v find_v also_o by_o experience_n to_o be_v pass_o profitable_a for_o vine_n and_o olive_n to_o come_v now_o to_o the_o order_n of_o this_o piece_n of_o husbandry_n the_o ground_n ought_v to_o be_v plough_v first_o before_o marvel_v of_o any_o sort_n be_v cast_v upon_o it_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o medicinable_a virtue_n &_o substance_n thereof_o may_v the_o soon_o and_o more_o greedy_o be_v receive_v into_o it_o now_o forasmuch_o as_o marvel_n be_v at_o the_o first_o over-rough_a and_o hard_a not_o so_o free_a in_o the_o beginning_n as_o to_o resolve_v and_o turn_v into_o blade_n or_o grass_n it_o have_v need_n of_o some_o compost_n or_o dung_n to_o be_v mingle_v with_o it_o for_o otherwise_o be_v it_o never_o so_o rich_a it_o will_v rather_o do_v harm_n than_o good_a to_o the_o ground_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v yet_o strange_a and_o not_o acquaint_v therewith_o and_o yet_o help_v it_o this_o way_n as_o well_o as_o you_o can_v it_o will_v not_o bring_v forth_o any_o plenty_n the_o first_o year_n after_o it_o be_v lay_v on_o last_o of_o all_o it_o skill_v much_o to_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n which_o you_o mean_v to_o marvel_v for_o the_o dry_a marvel_n sort_v well_o with_o a_o moist_a soil_n and_o the_o fatty_a hit_v that_o which_o be_v dry_a and_o lean_a but_o when_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o a_o middle_a temperature_n between_o both_o it_o matter_v not_o whether_o you_o use_v the_o white_a goldsmith_n chalk_n or_o the_o columbine_n marvel_n for_o either_o of_o they_o will_v serve_v well_o enough_o chap._n ix_o ¶_o the_o use_n of_o ash_n upon_o land_n of_o dung_n what_o grain_n or_o pulse_n sow_v do_v make_v the_o ground_n more_o plentiful_a and_o what_o burn_v it_o the_o people_n dwell_v beyond_o the_o po_n make_v such_o account_n of_o ash_n for_o to_o enrich_v the_o ground_n withal_o that_o they_o prefer_v it_o before_o hors-muck_n and_o such_o like_a which_o dung_n because_o they_o take_v it_o to_o be_v very_a light_n they_o burn_v also_o into_o ash_n for_o that_o purpose_n howbeit_o as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o corn-land_n they_o use_v not_o asheâ—…_n and_o muck_n both_o at_o once_o no_o more_o do_v they_o cast_v ash_n in_o hortyard_n for_o to_o nourish_v young_a tree_n nor_o in_o field_n for_o some_o kind_n of_o corn_n some_o be_v of_o judgement_n that_o grape_n be_v feed_v with_o dust_n who_o also_o do_v cast_v dust_n upon_o they_o when_o they_o begin_v to_o bloom_v yea_o and_o bestrew_v dust_n upon_o the_o root_n as_o well_o of_o vine_n as_o other_o tree_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o province_n of_o narbon_n they_o use_v so_o to_o do_v and_o they_o be_v assure_o persuade_v that_o grape_n ripen_v better_a and_o the_o vintage_n come_v the_o soon_o thereby_o because_o in_o those_o part_n dust_n do_v more_o good_a than_o the_o sun_n as_o for_o muck_n there_o be_v diverse_a sort_n thereof_o and_o in_o old_a time_n much_o use_v there_o be_v of_o it_o for_o in_o homer_n we_o read_v that_o long_o ago_o the_o good_a old_a king_n 〈◊〉_d be_v find_v lay_v soil_n and_o dung_n upon_o his_o land_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o first_o that_o devise_v muck_v of_o ground_n be_v by_o report_n augeaâ—…_n a_o king_n in_o greece_n but_o hercules_n divulge_v the_o practice_n thereof_o among_o the_o italian_n who_o in_o regard_n of_o that_o invention_n immortalize_v their_o k._n stercutius_n the_o son_n of_o faunus_n m._n varro_n esteem_v the_o dung_n of_o blackbird_n gather_v out_o of_o their_o barton_n where_o they_o be_v keep_v in_o mew_n above_o all_o other_o he_o high_o magnify_v and_o extoll_v it_o also_o for_o that_o it_o bring_v forth_o so_o good_a forage_n to_o feed_v cow_n ox_n and_o swine_n withal_o avouch_v for_o certain_a that_o they_o will_v become_v fat_a beef_n and_o pork_n with_o no_o meat_n soon_o we_o must_v think_v well_o therefore_o and_o hope_v the_o best_a of_o the_o world_n now_o adays_o since_o that_o our_o ancestor_n and_o forefather_n so_o long_o ago_o have_v so_o great_a barton_n and_o pen_n that_o the_o dung_n of_o foul_n there_o keep_v be_v sufficient_a to_o help_v their_o hard_a and_o hungry_a ground_n in_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o goodness_n columella_n range_v pigeon_n dung_n gather_v out_o of_o dove-cote_n the_o three_o place_n he_o give_v to_o that_o of_o hen_n and_o other_o land_n pullen_n reject_v altogether_o the_o dung_n of_o waterfoule_a howbeit_o all_o other_o author_n set_v these_o two_o aside_o attribute_v with_o one_o voice_n and_o consent_n unto_o the_o excrement_n of_o man_n body_n the_o great_a praise_n for_o this_o purpose_n some_o of_o they_o prefer_v man_n urine_n and_o namely_o when_o the_o hair_n of_o beast-hides_a have_v be_v soak_a therewith_o and_o quicke-lime_n together_o in_o the_o tanner_n pit_n other_o use_v urine_n alone_o by_o itself_o only_o they_o mingle_v water_n with_o it_o again_o but_o in_o great_a quantity_n a_o good_a deal_n than_o they_o who_o urine_n it_o be_v do_v put_v to_o the_o wine_n when_o they_o drink_v it_o and_o good_a reason_n too_o for_o more_o need_n there_o be_v now_o to_o correct_v and_o repress_v the_o malice_n thereof_o consider_v that_o beside_o the_o native_a malignity_n of_o the_o wine_n itself_o man_v body_n have_v give_v and_o imprint_v into_o it_o a_o strong_a and_o unsavoury_a quality_n thus_o you_o may_v see_v how_o man_n labour_v strive_v and_o try_v conclusion_n to_o seed_n and_o enrich_v the_o very_a ground_n the_o best_a way_n they_o can_v devise_v next_o unto_o the_o ordure_n and_o urine_n of_o man_n â—…ody_n the_o filthy_a dung_n of_o
like_a profit_n as_o that_o travel_n in_o former_a time_n of_o great_a captain_n and_o ll._n general_n and_o in_o very_a truth_n even_o among_o other_o foreign_a nation_n it_o be_v count_v a_o princelike_a profession_n indeed_o to_o be_v able_a for_o to_o give_v rule_n and_o direction_n about_o husbandry_n for_o so_o we_o may_v see_v that_o both_o king_n have_v study_v this_o argument_n as_o namely_o hiero_n philometor_n attalus_n and_o archelaus_n and_o also_o martial_a captain_n to_o wit_n xenophon_n and_o mago_n the_o carthaginian_a as_o for_o mago_n very_o our_o senate_n do_v he_o that_o honour_n after_o carthage_n be_v win_v that_o in_o sack_v it_o and_o give_v away_o among_o diverse_a ll._n of_o africa_n the_o library_n there_o find_v they_o think_v good_a to_o reserve_v only_o 28_o volume_n of_o he_o and_o pen_v by_o he_o as_o touch_v agriculture_n and_o io_o have_v they_o translate_v into_o the_o latin_a tongue_n notwithstanding_o that_o m._n cato_n have_v already_o beforetime_o put_v out_o in_o writing_n and_o set_v forth_o certain_a rule_n &_o precept_n thereof_o give_v order_n for_o this_o translation_n to_o those_o that_o be_v well_o see_v in_o the_o punic_a or_o carthaginian_a language_n in_o which_o business_n d._n syllanus_n a_o roman_a gentleman_n of_o a_o right_n worshipful_a house_n go_v beyond_o all_o other_o as_o for_o great_a scholar_n and_o man_n of_o profound_a and_o deep_a learning_n a_o number_n there_o be_v beside_o that_o travel_v in_o this_o matter_n who_o we_o have_v name_v already_o in_o the_o forefront_n and_o eftsoon_o shall_v mention_v in_o the_o discourse_n of_o this_o volume_n in_o which_o range_v we_o must_v nominate_v not_o unthankful_o among_o the_o mean_a writer_n m._n varro_n who_o be_v fourscore_o year_n old_a and_o one_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o compile_v a_o special_a book_n and_o treatise_n of_o husbandry_n chap._n four_o ¶_o the_o manner_n of_o husbandry_n in_o ancient_a time_n late_o it_o be_v ere_o the_o roman_n begin_v to_o set_v their_o mind_n upon_o vine_n and_o vineyard_n for_o at_o first_o they_o till_v only_a corn_n field_n for_o very_a necessity_n even_o as_o much_o as_o may_v suffice_v to_o serve_v the_o city_n the_o order_n and_o manner_n whereof_o i_o will_v set_v in_o hand_n to_o treat_v of_o not_o after_o a_o vulgar_a and_o common_a sort_n but_o according_a to_o my_o usual_a manner_n hitherto_o more_o sound_o as_o have_v seek_v out_o with_o all_o care_n and_o diligence_n not_o only_o the_o ancient_a practice_n in_o time_n past_a but_o the_o invention_n also_o of_o late_a day_n &_o withal_o search_v into_o the_o cause_n and_o reason_n of_o every_o thing_n and_o find_v they_o out_o my_o purpose_n be_v beside_o to_o speak_v in_o this_o treatise_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n their_o rise_n and_o set_v their_o apparition_n and_o occultation_n together_o with_o their_o influence_n as_o they_o be_v undoubted_o observe_v and_o see_v here_o upon_o earth_n and_o this_o my_o meaning_n be_v to_o do_v after_o a_o plain_a and_o familiar_a sort_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o who_o hitherto_o write_v of_o this_o argument_n have_v handle_v the_o same_o so_o subtle_o and_o pen_v it_o with_o so_o high_a a_o stile_n as_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o any_o man_n for_o to_o have_v write_v book_n for_o orator_n to_o read_v rather_o than_o to_o the_o capacity_n of_o plain_a husbandman_n for_o to_o practise_v first_o and_o foremost_a therefore_o i_o will_v for_o the_o most_o part_n deal_v by_o oracle_n that_o be_v to_o say_v sententious_a saw_n for_o to_o determine_v this_o question_n in_o hand_n concern_v which_o there_o be_v as_o many_o to_o be_v find_v in_o number_n and_o those_o as_o true_a in_o effect_n as_o in_o any_o other_o part_n and_o profession_n of_o this_o our_o life_n whatsoever_o and_o lest_o any_o man_n shall_v think_v it_o strange_a that_o i_o call_v these_o rule_n of_o husbandry_n oracle_n who_o will_v take_v they_o for_o less_o consider_v how_o they_o proceed_v from_o time_n a_o god_n most_o certain_a and_o be_v deliver_v and_o approve_v by_o experience_n the_o true_a prophet_n of_o all_o other_o and_o begin_v i_o will_v with_o cato_n first_o chap._n v._n ¶_o the_o praâ—…se_n and_o commendation_n of_o husbandman_n what_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v require_v in_o the_o purchase_n or_o take_v to_o farm_n of_o hoâ—…se_n and_o land_n the_o child_n say_v cato_n that_o be_v beget_v by_o husbandman_n prove_v most_o valiant_a the_o hardy_a soldier_n and_o such_o as_o think_v least_o harm_n of_o all_o other_o in_o buy_v of_o land_n take_v heed_n you_o be_v not_o too_o hot_a and_o eager_a upon_o the_o purchase_n in_o the_o husband_n of_o ground_n spare_v for_o no_o pain_n and_o travel_v but_o in_o the_o purchase_n thereof_o be_v you_o nothing_o forward_o a_o thing_n over-bought_a have_v evermore_o repentance_n and_o have_v i_o wist_v attend_v upon_o it_o they_o that_o be_v about_o a_o purchase_n aught_o above_o all_o to_o see_v how_o the_o ground_n be_v water_v what_o way_n and_o avenue_n be_v about_o it_o and_o what_o neighbour_n be_v near_o unto_o it_o out_o of_o every_o one_o of_o these_o point_n matter_n of_o great_a importance_n and_o deep_a conclusion_n may_v be_v pick_v and_o those_o most_o certain_a and_o infallible_a cato_n add_v moreover_o and_o say_v that_o there_o will_v be_v good_a regard_n have_v of_o the_o people_n confine_v and_o other_o ground_n bound_v thereupon_o whether_o they_o be_v well_o like_v fair_a and_o trim_a to_o see_v unto_o for_o these_o be_v his_o word_n it_o be_v a_o good_a sign_n quoth_v he_o that_o the_o ferm_n be_v well_o seat_v and_o in_o a_o commodious_a quarter_n if_o all_o about_o look_v well_o attilius_n regulus_n he_o who_o during_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n be_v twice_o consul_n of_o rome_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v that_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o purchase_v a_o unwholesome_a piece_n of_o land_n be_v it_o never_o so_o rich_a and_o fruitful_a nor_o make_v choice_n of_o a_o barren_a soil_n be_v it_o never_o so_o healthy_a now_o as_o touch_v the_o healthfulness_n of_o a_o place_n a_o man_n may_v not_o always_o conclude_v thereof_o by_o the_o colour_n and_o fresh_a hue_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o many_o time_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o those_o who_o be_v use_v to_o pestilent_a place_n hold_v out_o well_o and_o have_v their_o health_n yea_o and_o by_o their_o look_n bewray_v no_o harm_n that_o they_o take_v moreover_o some_o quarter_n and_o coast_n there_o be_v which_o at_o some_o time_n of_o the_o year_n stand_v sound_a and_o healthy_a enough_o but_o i_o will_v count_v none_o wholesome_a but_o such_o as_o be_v healthful_a all_o the_o year_n long_o a_o ill_a piece_n of_o land_n be_v that_o which_o put_v the_o lord_n thereof_o to_o pain_n and_o with_o which_o he_o be_v force_v to_o wrestle_v for_o to_o have_v his_o health_n cato_n will_v have_v this_o point_n especial_o to_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o soil_n of_o a_o farm_n scituat_fw-la as_o have_v be_v say_v be_v good_a of_o itself_o and_o fertile_a also_o that_o near_o unto_o it_o there_o be_v store_n of_o laborer_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o far_o from_o a_o good_a and_o strong_a town_n moreover_o that_o it_o have_v sufficient_a mean_n for_o transport_v of_o the_o commodity_n which_o it_o yield_v either_o by_o vessel_n upon_o water_n or_o otherwise_o by_o wane_v upon_o the_o land_n furthermore_o that_o the_o manor_n house_n be_v well_o build_v and_o the_o land_n about_o it_o as_o well_o husband_v howbeit_o herein_o i_o see_v many_o man_n to_o err_v much_o and_o great_o to_o be_v deceive_v for_o they_o hold_v opinion_n that_o the_o negligence_n and_o ill_a husbandry_n of_o the_o former_a lord_n be_v good_a for_o he_o that_o shall_v purchase_v land_n and_o come_v after_o he_o but_o i_o say_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o dangerous_a and_o disaduantageous_a to_o the_o buyer_n than_o land_n so_o left_a waist_n and_o out_o of_o heart_n and_o therefore_o cato_n give_v good_a counsel_n to_o purchase_v land_n of_o a_o good_a husband_n and_o not_o rash_o and_o hand_n over_o head_n to_o despise_v and_o set_v light_a by_o the_o skill_n and_o knowledge_n of_o another_o who_o say_v moreover_o that_o as_o well_o land_n as_o man_n which_o be_v of_o great_a charge_n and_o expense_n how_o gaineful_a soever_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v yield_v not_o much_o profit_n in_o the_o end_n to_o the_o master_n declaro_fw-la when_o all_o count_n be_v cast_v and_o reckon_n make_v he_o therfâ—…re_o judge_v that_o the_o vine_n yield_v the_o best_a revenue_n of_o all_o commodity_n belong_v to_o a_o farm_n and_o good_a reason_n he_o have_v so_o to_o say_v because_o above_o all_o thing_n he_o take_v order_n to_o cut_v off_o expense_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v next_o to_o it_o he_o reckon_v hortyard_n such_o especial_o as_o
sight_n as_o she_o therefore_o by_o nature_n lore_n do_v fruit_n thrice_o yearly_a bear_v so_o thereby_o we_o know_v season_n three_o our_o land_n to_o due_o ear_n of_o which_o three_o season_n one_o be_v appropriate_a for_o the_o sow_v both_o of_o poppy_n and_o also_o of_o lineseed_n but_o since_o i_o have_v name_v poppy_n i_o will_v tell_v you_o what_o cato_n say_v as_o touch_v the_o sow_v thereof_o upon_o that_o land_n quoth_v he_o where_o you_o mean_v to_o sow_v poppy_n burn_v your_o wind_a rod_n the_o cut_n also_o and_o twig_n of_o vine_n which_o remain_v and_o be_v leave_v at_o the_o prune_a time_n when_o you_o have_v burn_v they_o sow_v wild_a poppy_n seed_n in_o the_o place_n for_o it_o be_v a_o singular_a medicine_n be_v boil_v up_o to_o a_o syrup_n in_o honey_n for_o to_o cure_v the_o malady_n incident_a to_o the_o chaw_v and_o throat_n as_o for_o the_o garden_n poppy_n it_o have_v a_o excellent_a and_o effectual_a virtue_n to_o procure_v sleep_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v winter_n corn_n and_o the_o seednes_n thereof_o chap._n xxvi_o ¶_o a_o summarie_n or_o recapitulation_n of_o all_o point_n of_o husbandry_n and_o to_o what_o outwork_n in_o the_o field_n a_o husbandman_n shall_v be_v employ_v respective_o to_o every_o month_n of_o the_o year_n but_o now_o to_o compass_v under_o a_o certain_a brief_a abridgement_n or_o breviarie_n all_o point_n of_o husbandry_n together_o at_o the_o same_o time_n before_o name_v to_o wit_n at_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o leaf_n it_o be_v good_a also_o to_o lay_v dung_n unto_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n likewise_o to_o mould_n and_o bank_n vine_n and_o one_o workman_n be_v sufficient_a for_o one_o acre_n also_o where_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n will_v bear_v it_o the_o husbandman_n shall_v not_o do_v amiss_o to_o disbranch_v and_o lop_v his_o tree-grove_n to_o prune_v his_o vineyard_n to_o hollow_a the_o ground_n of_o his_o seminary_n and_o nourse-plot_n with_o mattock_n and_o spade_n and_o dress_v the_o mould_n light_n to_o open_v his_o sluice_n and_o trench_n for_o watercourse_n to_o drive_v and_o drain_v it_o out_o of_o the_o field_n and_o final_o to_o wash_v his_o winepresses_a first_o and_o then_o to_o shut_v and_o lay_v they_o up_o dry_a and_o safe_a item_n after_o the_o calends_n or_o first_o day_n of_o november_n let_v he_o set_v no_o hen_n upon_o egg_n until_o the_o winter_n sunstead_n be_v past_a when_o that_o time_n be_v come_v and_o go_v set_a hen_n hardly_o and_o let_v they_o couve_fw-fr 13_o egg_n marry_o better_a it_o be_v all_o summer_n long_o to_o put_v so_o many_o under_o they_o for_o in_o winter_n few_o will_v serve_v howbeit_o never_o under_o nine_o democritus_n give_v a_o guess_n what_o winter_n we_o shall_v have_v by_o the_o very_a day_n of_o the_o winter_n sunstead_n for_o look_v what_o weather_n be_v then_o and_o for_o threeday_n about_o it_o the_o like_a winter_n he_o suppose_v will_v ensue_v semblable_o for_o the_o summer_n he_o go_v by_o the_o other_o sunstead_n or_o long_a day_n of_o the_o year_n and_o yet_o common_o for_o a_o fortnight_n about_o the_o short_a day_n in_o the_o year_n to_o wit_n during_o the_o time_n that_o the_o fowl_n halcyones_n do_v lay_v couve_fw-fr and_o hatch_v their_o egg_n in_o the_o sea_n the_o wind_n lie_v and_o the_o weather_n be_v more_o mild_a and_o temperate_a but_o as_o well_o by_o these_o sign_n as_o all_o other_o whatsoever_o we_o must_v guess_v the_o influence_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o star_n according_a to_o the_o event_n within_o some_o latitude_n of_o time_n and_o not_o so_o precise_o to_o limit_v and_o tie_v they_o always_o to_o certain_a day_n prefix_v as_o if_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o make_v their_o appearance_n peremptory_o in_o court_n just_a then_o and_o fail_v not_o moreover_o in_o midwinter_n meddle_v not_o at_o all_o with_o vine_n touch_v they_o not_o in_o any_o hand_n but_o let_v they_o alone_o what_o then_o be_v the_o husbandman_n to_o do_v marry_o then_o quoth_v hyginus_n after_o seven_o day_n be_v once_o past_a from_o the_o sunnestead_n he_o be_v to_o refine_v his_o wine_n from_o the_o lees_n and_o let_v they_o settle_v yea_o and_o to_o pour_v they_o out_o of_o one_o vessel_n into_o another_o provide_v withal_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v a_o quarter_n old_a also_o about_o that_o season_n to_o wit_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o capricorn_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o to_o plant_v cherry_n tree_n and_o set_v their_o stone_n then_o be_v it_o good_a also_o to_o give_v ox_n mast_n to_o feed_v they_o and_o one_o modius_n or_o pâ—…cke_n be_v sufficient_a to_o serve_v a_o yoke_n at_o one_o refection_n allow_v they_o more_o at_o once_o you_o glut_v they_o and_o fill_v they_o full_a of_o disease_n but_o at_o what_o time_n soever_o you_o make_v they_o this_o allowance_n unless_o you_o hold_v on_o thirty_o day_n together_o folk_n say_v they_o will_v be_v scab_v and_o mangy_a when_o the_o spring_n come_v that_o you_o will_v repent_v for_o cut_v they_o so_o short_a as_o for_o fell_v timber_n tree_n this_o be_v the_o proper_a season_n which_o we_o appoint_v heretofore_o all_o other_o winter_n work_v for_o a_o husbandman_n to_o be_v busy_v in_o will_v be_v do_v in_o the_o night_n for_o the_o most_o part_n sit_v up_o he_o must_v late_o and_o rise_v betimes_o by_o candle_n light_n and_o watch_v hardly_o about_o they_o for_o that_o the_o night_n be_v so_o much_o long_a than_o the_o day_n let_v he_o a_o god_n name_n find_v himself_o occupy_v with_o make_v wicker_n basket_n and_o hamper_n wind_v of_o hurdle_n &_o twist_v of_o frail_n and_o panier_n let_v he_o thwite_v torch_n wood_n taperwise_o with_o link_n and_o light_n and_o when_o he_o have_v by_o day_n light_n make_v ready_a and_o prepare_v thirty_o pole_n or_o rail_n for_o vine_n to_o run_v on_o and_o sixty_o stake_n or_o prop_n to_o support_v they_o he_o may_v in_o the_o evening_n make_v five_o pole_n or_o perch_n and_o ten_o fork_n or_o supporter_n and_o likewise_o as_o many_o early_a in_o the_o morning_n before_o day_n light_n but_o now_o to_o come_v to_o caesar_n reckon_n of_o the_o time_n &_o digestion_n of_o the_o celestial_a sign_n these_o be_v the_o notable_a star_n which_o be_v significant_a and_o do_v rule_v that_o quarter_n which_o be_v between_o the_o winter_n sunstead_n and_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o western_a wind_n favonius_n upon_o the_o three_o day_n say_v he_o before_o the_o calends_n of_o januarie_n which_o be_v the_o 30_o day_n of_o december_n the_o dogstar_n go_v down_o in_o the_o morning_n upon_o which_o day_n in_o attica_n and_o the_o whole_a tract_n thereto_o adjoin_v the_o star_n aquila_n i._o the_o eagle_n set_v by_o report_n in_o the_o evening_n and_o lose_v her_o light_n the_o even_a before_o the_o nones_n of_o januarie_n i._n the_o four_o day_n thereof_o by_o caesar_n account_n i_o mean_v for_o the_o meridian_n of_o italy_n the_o dolphin_n star_n rise_v in_o the_o morning_n and_o the_o morrow_n after_o the_o harp-star_n fidicula_fw-la upon_o which_o day_n in_o egypt_n the_o star_n sagitta_n i._o the_o arrow_n set_v in_o the_o evening_n item_n from_o that_o time_n to_o the_o six_o day_n before_o the_o ides_n of_o januarie_n i._o the_o eight_o day_n of_o that_o month_n when_o as_o the_o same_o dolphin_n go_v down_o or_o retire_v out_o of_o sight_n in_o the_o evening_n usual_o we_o have_v in_o italy_n continual_a frost_n and_o winter_n weather_n as_o also_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v perceive_v to_o enter_v into_o aquarius_n which_o ordinary_o fall_v out_o sixteen_o day_n before_o the_o calends_n of_o february_n i._o the_o seventeen_o of_o january_n as_o for_o the_o clear_a and_o bright_a star_n call_v the_o star_n royal_a appear_v in_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o sign_n leo_n tubero_n my_o author_n say_v that_o eight_o day_n before_o the_o calends_n of_o february_n to_o wit_n the_o 25_o day_n of_o januarie_n it_o go_v out_o of_o our_o sight_n in_o the_o morning_n also_o overnight_o before_o the_o nones_n of_o february_n i._o the_o four_o day_n of_o the_o same_o month_n the_o harp-star_n fidicula_fw-la go_v down_o and_o be_v no_o more_o see_v towards_o the_o late_a end_n of_o this_o quarter_n it_o be_v good_a and_o necessary_a to_o dig_v and_o turn_v up_o fresh_a mould_n with_o mattock_n and_o spade_n against_o the_o time_n that_o rose_n or_o vine_n shall_v be_v set_v wheresoever_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o climate_n will_v bear_v it_o and_o for_o a_o acre_n of_o such_o work_n sixty_o labourer_n in_o a_o day_n be_v sufficient_a to_o do_v it_o well_o at_o which_o time_n also_o old_a trench_n and_o ditch_n will_v be_v scour_v or_o new_o make_v for_o morning_n work_v before_o day_n the_o husbandman_n must_v look_v to_o his_o iron_n tool_n that_o they_o be_v ground_n whetre_v
the_o element_n 6._o of_o the_o seven_o planet_n 7._o concern_v god_n 8._o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n and_o planet_n their_o course_n and_o revolution_n 9_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o moon_n 10._o the_o eclipse_n of_o sun_n and_o moon_n also_o of_o the_o night_n 11._o the_o bigness_n of_o star_n 12._o diverse_a invention_n of_o man_n and_o their_o observation_n touch_v the_o celestial_a body_n 13._o of_o eclipse_n 14._o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n 15._o general_n rule_v or_o canon_n touch_v planet_n or_o light_n 16._o the_o reason_n why_o the_o same_o planet_n seem_v high_a or_o low_a at_o sundry_a time_n 17._o general_n rule_v concern_v the_o planet_n or_o wander_a star_n 18._o what_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o planet_n change_v their_o colour_n 19_o the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n his_o motion_n and_o from_o whence_o proceed_v the_o inequality_n of_o day_n 20._o why_o lightning_n be_v assign_v to_o jupiter_n 21._o the_o distance_n between_o the_o planet_n 22._o the_o harmony_n of_o star_n and_o planet_n 23._o the_o geometry_n and_o dimension_n of_o the_o world_n 24._o of_o star_n appear_v sudden_o 25._o of_o comet_n or_o blaze_a star_n and_o other_o prodigious_a appearance_n in_o the_o sky_n their_o nature_n situation_n and_o sundry_a kind_n 26._o the_o opinion_n of_o hipparchus_n the_o philosopher_n as_o touch_v the_o star_n fire-light_n lamp_n pillar_n or_o beam_n of_o fire_n burn_a dart_n gaping_n of_o the_o sky_n and_o other_o such_o impression_n by_o way_n of_o example_n 27._o strange_a colour_n appear_v in_o the_o firmament_n 28._o flame_n and_o leam_n see_v in_o the_o sky_n 29._o circle_n of_o guirland_n show_v above_o 30._o of_o celestial_a circle_n and_o guirland_n that_o continue_v not_o but_o soon_o pass_v 31._o of_o many_o sun_n 32._o of_o many_o moon_n 33._o of_o night_n as_o light_v as_o day_n 34._o of_o meteor_n resemble_v fiery_a targuet_n 35._o astrange_v and_o wonderful_a apparition_n in_o the_o sky_n 36._o the_o extraordinary_a shoot_v and_o motion_n of_o star_n 37._o of_o the_o star_n name_v castor_n and_o pollux_n 38._o of_o the_o air_n 39_o of_o certain_a set_a time_n and_o season_n 40._o the_o power_n of_o the_o dog-star_n 41._o the_o sundry_a influence_n of_o star_n according_a to_o the_o season_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o sign_n 42._o the_o cause_n of_o rain_n wind_n and_o cloud_n 43._o of_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n 44._o whereupon_o come_v the_o redouble_a of_o the_o voice_n call_v echo_n 45._o of_o wind_n again_o 46._o diverse_a consideration_n observe_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o wind_n 37._o many_o sort_n of_o wind_n 48._o of_o sudden_a blast_n and_o whirle-puffs_a 49._o other_o strange_a kind_n of_o tempest_n &_o storm_n 50._o in_o what_o region_n there_o fall_v thunderbolt_n 51._o diverse_a sort_n of_o lightning_n and_o wondrous_a accident_n by_o they_o occasion_v 52._o the_o observation_n of_o the_o tuscans_n in_o old_a time_n as_o touch_v lightning_n 53._o conjure_v for_o to_o raise_v lightning_n 54._o general_n rule_v concern_v leam_n and_o flash_n of_o lightning_n 55._o what_o thing_n be_v exempt_a and_o secure_v from_o lightning_n and_o thunderbolt_n 56._o of_o monstrous_a and_o prodigious_a shower_n of_o rain_n namely_o of_o milk_n blood_n flesh_n iron_n wool_n brick_n and_o tile_n 57_o the_o rattle_a of_o harness_n and_o armour_n the_o sóund_n also_o of_o trumpet_n hear_v from_o heaven_n 58._o of_o stone_n fall_v from_o heaven_n 59_o of_o the_o rainbow_n 60._o of_o haile_o snow_n frost_n mist_n and_o dew_n 61._o of_o diverse_a form_n and_o shape_n represent_v in_o cloud_n 62._o the_o particular_a property_n of_o the_o sky_n in_o certain_a place_n 63._o the_o nature_n of_o the_o earth_n 64._o the_o form_n and_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n 65._o of_o the_o antipode_n and_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o such_o also_o as_o touch_v the_o roundness_n of_o the_o water_n 66._o how_o the_o water_n rest_v upon_o the_o earth_n 67._o of_o sea_n and_o river_n navigable_a 68_o what_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v habitable_a 69._o that_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o mid_n of_o the_o world_n 70._o from_o whence_o proceed_v the_o inequality_n observe_v in_o the_o rise_n and_o elevation_n of_o the_o star_n of_o the_o eclipse_n where_o it_o be_v &_o wherefore_o 71._o the_o reason_n of_o the_o daylight_n upon_o earth_n 72._o a_o discourse_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o gnomon_n also_o of_o the_o first_o sundial_n 73._o in_o what_o place_n and_o at_o what_o time_n there_o be_v no_o shadow_n cast_v 74._o where_o the_o shadow_n fall_v opposite_a and_o contrary_a twice_o in_o the_o year_n 75._o where_o the_o day_n be_v long_a and_o where_o short_a 76._o likewise_o of_o dial_n and_o quadrant_n 77._o the_o diverse_a observation_n and_o acceptation_n of_o the_o day_n 78._o the_o diversity_n of_o region_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o 79._o of_o earthquake_n 80._o of_o the_o chink_n and_o openinst_a of_o the_o earth_n 81._o sign_n of_o earthquake_n towards_o 82._o remedy_n and_o help_n aga_v eatthquake_n come_v 83._o strange_a and_o prodigious_a wonder_n see_v one_o time_n in_o the_o earth_n 84._o miraculous_a accident_n as_o touch_v earthquake_n 85._o in_o what_o part_n the_o sea_n go_v back_o 86._o island_n appear_v new_a out_o of_o the_o sea_n 87._o what_o island_n have_v thus_o show_v and_o at_o what_o time_n 88_o into_o what_o land_n the_o sea_n have_v break_v perforce_o 89._o what_o island_n have_v be_v join_v to_o the_o continent_n 90._o what_o land_n have_v perish_v by_o water_n and_o become_v all_o sea_n 91._o of_o land_n that_o have_v settle_v and_o be_v swallow_v up_o of_o themselves_o 92._o what_o city_n have_v be_v overflow_v and_o drown_v by_o the_o sea_n 93._o wonderful_a strange_a thing_n as_o touch_v some_o land_n 94._o of_o certain_a land_n that_o always_o suffer_v earthquake_n 95._o of_o island_n that_o float_v continual_o 96._o in_o what_o country_n of_o the_o world_n it_o never_o rain_v also_o of_o many_o miracle_n as_o well_o of_o the_o earth_n as_o other_o element_n huddle_v up_o pell_o mell_v together_o 97._o the_o reason_n of_o the_o sea-tide_n as_o well_o ebb_v as_o flow_v and_o where_o the_o sea_n flow_v extraordinary_o 98._o wonderful_a thing_n observe_v in_o the_o sea_n 99_o the_o power_n of_o the_o moon_n over_o sea_n and_o land_n 100_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o sea_n be_v salt_n 101._o moreover_o as_o touch_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o moon_n 102._o where_o the_o sea_n be_v deep_a 103._o admirable_a observation_n in_o fresh_a water_n as_o well_o of_o fountain_n as_o river_n 104._o admirable_a thing_n as_o touch_v fire_n and_o water_n joint_o together_o also_o of_o maltha_n 105._o of_o naphtha_n 106._o of_o certain_a place_n that_o burn_v continual_o 107._o wonder_n of_o fire_n alone_o 108._o the_o dimension_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o well_o in_o length_n as_o in_o breadth_n 109._o the_o harmonical_a circuit_n and_o circumference_n of_o the_o world_n in_o sum_n there_o be_v tn_z this_o boooke_v of_o history_n notable_a matter_n and_o worthy_a observation_n four_o hundred_o and_o eighteen_o in_o number_n latin_a author_n cite_v m._n varro_n sulpitius_n gallus_n tiberius_n caesar_n emperor_n q._n tubero_n tullius_n tiro_n l._n piso_n t._n livius_n cornelius_n nepos_n statius_n sebosus_n casius_n antipater_n fabianus_n antias_n mutianus_n cecina_n who_o write_v of_o the_o tuscan_a learning_n tarquitius_n l._n aquila_n and_o sergius_n paulus_n foreign_a author_n cite_v plato_n hipparchus_n timaeus_n sosigenes_n petosiris_n necepsus_fw-la the_o pythagorean_n posidonius_n anaximander_n epigenes_n gnomonicus_fw-la euclides_n ceranus_fw-la the_o philosopher_n eudoxus_n democritus_n crâ—…sodemus_n thrasillus_n serapion_n dicearchus_n archimedes_n onesicritus_n eratosthenes_n pytheas_n herodotus_n aristotle_n ctesius_n artemidorus_n the_o ephesian_a isidorus_n characenus_fw-la and_o theopompus_n ¶_o in_o the_o three_o book_n be_v comprehend_v the_o region_n nation_n sea_n town_n haven_n mountain_n river_n with_o their_o measure_n and_o people_n either_o at_o this_o day_n know_v or_o in_o time_n past_a as_o follow_v chap._n 1._o of_o europe_n 2._o the_o length_n and_o breadth_n of_o boetica_fw-la a_o part_n of_o spain_n contain_v andalusia_n and_o the_o realm_n of_o grenado_n 3._o that_o hither_o part_n of_o spain_n call_v of_o the_o roman_n hispania_n citerior_fw-la 4._o the_o province_n nerbonencis_n wherein_o be_v dauphine_n languedoc_n and_o provance_n 5._o italy_n tiberis_n rome_n and_o campaine_n 6._o the_o island_n corsica_n 7._o sardinia_n 8._o sicily_n 9_o lipara_n 10._o of_o locri_n and_o the_o frontier_n of_o italy_n 11._o the_o second_o gulf_n of_o europe_n 12._o the_o four_o region_n of_o italy_n 13._o the_o five_o region_n 14._o the_o six_o region_n 15._o the_o eight_o region_n 16._o of_o the_o river_n po._n 17._o of_o italy_n beyond_o the_o po_n count_v the_o eleven_o
moreover_o little_o less_o than_o 25000_o stadia_fw-la chap._n cix_o ¶_o the_o harmonical_a measure_n and_o circumference_n of_o the_o world_n dionysidorus_n in_o another_o kind_n will_v be_v believe_v for_o i_o will_v not_o beguile_v you_o of_o the_o great_a example_n of_o grecian_a vanity_n this_o man_n be_v a_o melian_n famous_a for_o his_o skill_n in_o geometry_n he_o die_v very_o age_v in_o his_o own_o country_n his_o near_a kins-woman_n who_o by_o right_n be_v his_o heir_n in_o remainder_n solemnize_v his_o funeral_n &_o accompany_v he_o to_o his_o grave_n these_o woman_n as_o they_o come_v some_o few_o day_n after_o to_o his_o sepulchre_n for_o to_o perform_v some_o solemn_a obsequy_n thereto_o belong_v by_o report_n find_v in_o his_o monument_n a_o epistle_n of_o this_o dionysidorus_n write_v in_o his_o own_o name_n to_z they_o above_o that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o the_o live_n and_o to_o this_o effect_n namely_o that_o he_o have_v make_v a_o step_n from_o his_o sepulchre_n to_o the_o bottom_n and_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o it_o be_v thither_o 42000_o stadia_fw-la neither_o want_v there_o geometrician_n who_o make_v this_o interpretation_n that_o he_o signify_v that_o this_o epistle_n be_v send_v from_o the_o middle_a centre_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o which_o place_n downward_o from_o the_o uppermost_a aloft_o the_o way_n be_v long_a and_o the_o same_o be_v just_a half_a the_o diametre_fw-la of_o the_o round_a globe_n whereupon_o follow_v this_o computation_n that_o they_o pronounce_v the_o circuit_n to_o be_v 255000_o stadia_fw-la now_o the_o harmonical_a proportion_n which_o force_v this_o universalitic_a and_o nature_n of_o the_o world_n to_o agree_v unto_o itself_o add_v unto_o this_o measure_n 7000_o stadia_fw-la and_o so_o make_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v the_o 96000_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o nature_n write_v by_o c._n plinius_n secundus_fw-la the_o proem_n or_o preface_n hit_v herto_o have_v we_o write_v of_o the_o position_n and_o wonder_n of_o the_o earth_n water_n and_o star_n also_o we_o have_v treat_v in_o general_a term_n of_o the_o proportion_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n now_o it_o follow_v to_o discourse_v of_o the_o part_n thereof_o albeit_o this_o also_o be_v judge_v a_o infinite_a piece_n of_o work_n nor_o light_o can_v be_v handle_v without_o some_o reprehension_n and_o yet_o in_o no_o kind_n of_o enterprise_n pardon_n be_v more_o due_a since_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n at_o all_o if_o he_o who_o be_v bear_v a_o mortal_a man_n know_v not_o all_o thing_n belong_v to_o man_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v not_o follow_v one_o author_n more_o than_o another_o but_o every_o one_o as_o i_o shall_v think_v he_o most_o true_a in_o the_o description_n of_o each_o part_n forasmuch_o as_o this_o have_v be_v a_o thing_n common_a in_o manner_n to_o they_o all_o namely_o to_o learn_v or_o describe_v the_o situation_n of_o those_o place_n most_o exact_o where_o themselves_o be_v either_o bear_v or_o which_o they_o have_v discover_v and_o see_v and_o therefore_o neither_o will_v i_o blame_v nor_o reprove_v any_o man_n the_o bare_a name_n of_o place_n shall_v be_v simple_o set_v down_o in_o this_o my_o geographic_a and_o that_o with_o as_o great_a brevity_n as_o i_o can_v the_o excellency_n as_o also_o the_o cause_n and_o occasion_n thereof_o shall_v be_v defer_v to_o their_o sever_n all_o and_o particular_a treatise_n for_o now_o the_o question_n be_v as_o touch_v the_o whole_a earth_n in_o generality_n which_o my_o intent_n be_v to_o represent_v unto_o your_o eye_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v have_v thing_n thus_o to_o be_v take_v as_o if_o the_o name_n of_o country_n be_v put_v down_o nâ—…ked_a and_o void_a of_o renown_n and_o fame_n and_o such_o only_a as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o beginning_n before_o any_o act_n there_o do_v and_o as_o if_o they_o have_v indeed_o a_o indument_n of_o name_n but_o respective_a only_o to_o the_o world_n and_o universal_a nature_n of_o all_o now_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n europe_n asia_n and_o africa_n the_o beginning_n we_o take_v from_o the_o west_n and_o the_o firth_n of_o gades_n even_o whereas_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n break_v in_o be_v spread_v into_o the_o inland_n and_o mediterranean_a sea_n make_v your_o entrance_n there_o i_o mean_v at_o the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n and_o then_o africa_n be_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n europe_n on_o the_o left_a and_o asia_n before_o you_o just_a between_o the_o bound_n confine_v these_o be_v the_o have_v tanais_n and_o nilus_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o ocean_n at_o gades_n whereof_o i_o speak_v before_o lie_v out_o in_o length_n 15_o mile_n and_o stretch_v forth_o in_o breadth_n but_o five_o from_o a_o village_n in_o spain_n call_v mellaria_n to_o the_o promontory_n of_o africa_n call_v the_o white_a as_o turannius_n graccula_n bear_v thereby_o do_v write_v t._n livius_n and_o nepos_n cornelius_n have_v report_v that_o the_o breadth_n thereof_o where_o it_o be_v narrow_a be_v seven_o mile_n over_o but_o ten_o mile_n where_o it_o be_v broad_o from_o so_o small_a amouth_n a_o wonder_n to_o consider_v spread_v the_o sea_n so_o huge_a and_o so_o vast_a as_o we_o see_v and_o withal_o so_o exceed_v deep_a as_o the_o marvel_n be_v no_o less_o in_o that_o regard_n for_o why_o in_o the_o very_a mouth_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v see_v many_o bar_n and_o shallow_a shelf_n of_o white_a sand_n so_o ebb_n be_v the_o water_n to_o the_o great_a terror_n of_o ship_n and_o sailor_n pass_v that_o way_n and_o therefore_o many_o have_v call_v those_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n the_o entry_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n of_o both_o side_n of_o this_o gullet_n near_o unto_o it_o be_v two_o mountain_n set_v as_o frontier_n and_o rampier_n to_o keep_v all_o in_o namely_o abila_n for_o africa_n calpe_n for_o europe_n the_o utmost_a end_n of_o hercules_n labour_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o part_n call_v they_o the_o two_o pillar_n of_o that_o god_n and_o do_v very_o believe_v that_o by_o certain_a drain_v and_o ditch_n dig_v within_o the_o continent_n the_o main_a ocean_n before_o exclude_v make_v way_n and_o be_v let_v in_o to_o make_v the_o mediterranean_a sea_n where_o before_o be_v firm_a land_n and_o so_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o very_a face_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v clean_o alter_v chap._n i._n ¶_o of_o europe_n and_o first_o as_o touch_v europe_n the_o nurse_n of_o that_o people_n which_o be_v the_o conqueror_n of_o all_o nation_n and_o beside_o of_o all_o land_n by_o many_o degree_n most_o beautiful_a which_o may_v for_o right_n good_a cause_n have_v make_v not_o the_o three_o portion_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o one_o half_a divide_v the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o two_o part_n to_o wit_n from_o the_o river_n tanais_n unto_o the_o straits_n of_o gades_n the_o ocean_n then_o at_o this_o space_n abovesaid_a enter_v into_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n and_o with_o a_o greedy_a current_n drown_v those_o land_n which_o dread_v his_o come_n like_o a_o tyrant_n but_o where_o he_o meet_v with_o any_o that_o be_v like_a to_o resist_v those_o he_o pass_v just_a by_o and_o with_o his_o wind_a turn_n and_o reach_v he_o eat_v and_o hollow_v the_o shore_n continual_o to_o gain_v ground_n make_v many_o nouke_n and_o creek_n every_o where_o but_o in_o europe_n most_o of_o all_o wherein_o four_o especial_a great_a gulf_n be_v to_o be_v see_v of_o which_o the_o first_o from_o calpe_n the_o utmost_a promontory_n as_o be_v above_o say_v of_o spain_n wind_v and_o turn_v with_o a_o exceed_a great_a compass_n to_o locri_n and_o as_o far_o as_o the_o promontory_n brutium_fw-la within_o it_o lie_v the_o first_o land_n of_o all_o other_o spain_n that_o part_n i_o mean_v which_o in_o regard_n of_o we_o at_o rome_n be_v the_o far_o off_o and_o be_v name_v also_o boetica_fw-la and_o anon_o from_o the_o firth_n virgitanus_fw-la the_o hither_o part_n otherwise_o call_v tarraconensis_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o hill_n pyrenaei_n that_o far_a part_n of_o large_a spain_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o province_n in_o the_o length_n thereof_o for_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o boetica_fw-la lie_v lusitania_n afront_o divide_v from_o it_o by_o the_o river_n ana._n this_o river_n begin_v in_o the_o territory_n laminitanus_fw-la of_o the_o hither_o spain_n one_o while_n spread_v out_o itself_o into_o broad_a pool_n or_o mere_a otherwhiles_o gather_v into_o narrow_a brook_n or_o altogether_o hide_v under_o the_o ground_n and_o take_v pleasure_n to_o rise_v up_o oftentimes_o in_o many_o place_n fall_v into_o the_o spanish_a atlantic_a ocean_n but_o the_o part_n name_v tarraconensis_n lie_v fast_o upon_o pyrenaeus_n &_o shoot_v along_o all_o
shall_v be_v speak_v of_o which_o be_v the_o nurse_n of_o all_o land_n she_o also_o be_v the_o mother_n choose_v by_o the_o powerful_a grace_n of_o the_o god_n to_o make_v even_o heaven_n itself_o more_o glorious_a to_o gather_v into_o one_o the_o scatter_a empire_n to_o soften_v and_o make_v civil_a the_o rude_a fashion_n of_o other_o country_n and_o whereas_o the_o language_n of_o so_o many_o nation_n be_v repugnant_a wild_a &_o savage_a to_o draw_v they_o together_o by_o commerce_n of_o speech_n conference_n and_o parley_n to_o endue_v man_n with_o humanity_n and_o brief_o that_o of_o all_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n there_o shall_v be_v one_o only_a country_n but_o here_o what_o shall_v i_o do_v so_o noble_a be_v all_o the_o place_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v come_v unto_o so_o excellent_a be_v every_o thing_n and_o each_o state_n so_o famous_a and_o renown_a that_o i_o be_o full_o possess_v with_o they_o all_o and_o to_o seek_v what_o to_o say_v rome_n city_n the_o only_a fair_a face_n therein_o worthy_a to_o stand_v upon_o so_o stately_a a_o neck_n and_o pair_n of_o shoulder_n what_o work_n will_v it_o ask_v think_v you_o to_o be_v set_v out_o as_o it_o ought_v the_o very_a tract_n of_o campaine_n by_o itself_o so_o pleasant_a and_o goodly_a so_o rich_a and_o happy_a in_o what_o sort_n shall_v it_o be_v describe_v so_o as_o it_o be_v plain_a and_o manifest_a that_o in_o this_o one_o place_n there_o be_v the_o workmanship_n of_o nature_n wherein_o she_o ioi_v and_o take_v delight_n now_o beside_o all_o this_o the_o whole_a temperature_n of_o the_o air_n be_v evermore_o so_o vital_a healthy_a and_o wholesome_a the_o field_n so_o fertile_a the_o hill_n so_o open_a to_o the_o sun_n the_o forest_n so_o harmless_a the_o grove_n so_o cool_a and_o shady_a the_o wood_n of_o all_o sort_n so_o bounteous_a and_o fruitful_a the_o mountain_n yield_v so_o many_o breathe_a blast_n of_o wind_n the_o corn_n the_o vine_n the_o olive_n so_o plentiful_a the_o sheep_n so_o enrich_v with_o fleece_n of_o the_o best_a wool_n the_o bull_n and_o ox_n so_o fat_a and_o well_o feed_v in_o the_o neck_n so_o many_o lake_n and_o pool_n such_o store_n of_o river_n and_o spring_n water_v it_o throughout_o so_o many_o sea_n and_o haven_n that_o it_o be_v the_o very_a bosom_n lie_v open_a and_o ready_a to_o receive_v the_o commerce_n of_o all_o land_n from_o all_o part_n and_o yet_o itself_o full_a willing_o desire_v to_o lie_v far_o into_o the_o sea_n to_o help_v all_o mankind_n neither_o do_v i_o speak_v now_o of_o the_o nature_n wit_n and_o fashion_n of_o the_o man_n ne_o yet_o of_o the_o nation_n abroad_o subdue_v with_o their_o eloquent_a tongue_n and_o strong_a hand_n even_o the_o greek_n a_o nation_n of_o all_o other_o most_o give_v to_o praise_v themselves_o beyond_o measure_n have_v give_v their_o judgement_n of_o she_o in_o that_o they_o call_v some_o small_a part_n thereof_o great_a greece_n but_o in_o good_a faith_n that_o which_o we_o do_v in_o the_o mention_n of_o the_o heaven_n namely_o to_o touch_v some_o know_a planet_n and_o a_o few_o star_n the_o same_o must_v we_o likewise_o do_v in_o this_o one_o part_n only_o i_o will_v pray_v the_o reader_n to_o remember_v and_o carry_v this_o away_o that_o i_o hasten_v to_o rehearse_v every_o particular_a thing_n through_o the_o whole_a round_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n well_o then_o to_o begin_v italy_n be_v fashion_v like_o for_o all_o the_o world_n to_o a_o oak_n leaf_n and_o much_o large_a in_o length_n than_o breadth_n to_o the_o left_a side_n bend_v with_o the_o top_n and_o end_v in_o the_o figure_n and_o fashion_n of_o a_o amazonian_a shield_n and_o where_o that_o tract_n of_o calabria_n lie_v which_o be_v call_v cocinthos_n it_o put_v forth_o into_o those_o two_o promontory_n or_o cape_n like_o the_o moon_n two_o horn_n the_o one_o leucopetra_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o lacinium_n on_o the_o left_a in_o length_n it_o reach_v from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o alps_o through_o ostia_n or_o praetoria_n augusta_n direct_o to_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n and_o so_o forward_o to_o capua_n with_o a_o direct_a course_n lead_v to_o rhegium_n a_o town_n situate_a upon_o the_o shoulder_n thereof_o from_o which_o begin_v the_o bend_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o neck_n and_o bear_v 1000_o and_o 20_o mile_n and_o this_o measure_n will_v grow_v to_o be_v far_o more_o if_o it_o go_v as_o far_o as_o lacinium_n but_o that_o such_o a_o obliquity_n and_o wind_a may_v seem_v to_o decline_v and_o bear_v out_o too_o much_o unto_o one_o side_n the_o breadth_n thereof_o be_v diverse_o take_v namely_o 410_o mile_n between_o the_o two_o sea_n the_o high_a and_o the_o low_a and_o the_o river_n varus_n and_o arsia_n the_o mid_n of_o which_o breadth_n and_o that_o be_v much_o about_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n aternus_n run_v into_o the_o adriaticke_a sea_n unto_o the_o mouth_n of_o tiberis_n 136_o mile_n and_o somewhat_o less_o from_o novum_n castrum_n by_o the_o adriaticke_a sea_n to_o alsium_n and_o so_o to_o the_o tuscan_a sea_n and_o in_o no_o place_n exceed_v it_o in_o breadth_n 300_o mile_n but_o the_o full_a compass_n of_o the_o whole_a from_o varus_n to_o arsia_n be_v 20049_o mile_n distant_a it_o be_v by_o sea_n from_o the_o land_n round_o about_o to_o wit_n from_o istria_n and_o liburnia_n in_o some_o place_n 100_o mile_n from_o epirus_n and_o illyricum_n 50_o mile_n from_o africa_n less_o than_o 200_o as_o varro_n affirm_v from_o sardinia_n a_o hundred_o and_o 20_o mile_n from_o sicily_n a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a from_o corcyra_n less_o than_o 70_o from_o issa_n 50._o it_o go_v along_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o meridional_a line_n very_o of_o the_o heaven_n but_o if_o a_o man_n examine_v it_o exact_o indeed_o it_o lie_v between_o the_o sun_n rise_v in_o midwinter_n and_o the_o point_n of_o the_o noonestead_n now_o will_v we_o describe_v the_o compass_n and_o circuit_n thereof_o and_o reck_v on_o the_o city_n wherein_o i_o must_v needs_o protest_v by_o way_n of_o preface_n that_o i_o will_v follow_v for_o my_o author_n augustus_n the_o emperor_n of_o famous_a memory_n and_o the_o description_n by_o he_o make_v of_o all_o italy_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o 11_o regionsor_n canton_n as_o for_o the_o maritime_a town_n i_o will_v set_v they_o down_o in_o that_o order_n as_o they_o stand_v according_a to_o their_o vicinity_n one_o to_o another_o but_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o so_o run_v a_o speech_n and_o hasty_a pen_n the_o rest_n can_v possible_o be_v so_o orderly_o describe_v therefore_o in_o the_o inland_n part_v thereof_o i_o will_v follow_v he_o as_o he_o have_v digest_v they_o by_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o alphabet_n but_o mention_v withal_o the_o colony_n or_o chief_a city_n by_o name_n which_o he_o have_v deliver_v in_o that_o number_n neither_o be_v it_o a_o easy_a matter_n to_o know_v thorough_o their_o position_n and_o foundation_n consider_v the_o ingaune_n ligurian_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v endow_v with_o land_n thirty_o time_n and_o change_v their_o seat_n to_o begin_v with_o the_o river_n varus_n therefore_o there_o offer_v to_o our_o eye_n first_o the_o town_n nicaea_n build_v by_o the_o massilian_n the_o river_n po_n the_o alps_n the_o people_n within_o the_o alps_n of_o many_o name_n but_o of_o most_o mark_n capillati_fw-la with_o long_a hair_n the_o town_n vediantiorum_fw-la the_o city_n cemelion_n or_o a_o town_n belong_v to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o vediantians_n call_v cemelion_n the_o port_n of_o hercules_n and_o monoechus_fw-la and_o so_o the_o ligurian_a coast_n of_o the_o ligurian_n the_o most_o renown_a beyond_o the_o alps_n be_v the_o sallij_n deceit_n and_o oxubij_fw-la on_o this_o side_n the_o veneni_fw-la and_o descend_v from_o the_o caturiges_n the_o vagienni_n statyelli_n vibelli_fw-la magelli_n euburiates_n casmonate_v veliate_n and_o those_o who_o town_n we_o will_v declare_v in_o the_o next_o coast_n the_o river_n rutuba_n the_o town_n albium_n intemelium_n the_o river_n merula_n the_o town_n albium_n ingaunum_n the_o port_n or_o haven_n town_n vadum_fw-la sabatium_fw-la the_o river_n porcifera_n the_o town_n genua_n the_o river_n â—…eritor_n the_o port_n delphini_n tigulia_n within_o segesta_n tiguliorum_fw-la the_o river_n macra_n which_o limit_v liguria_n now_o on_o the_o back_n side_n behind_o all_o these_o town_n above_o name_v be_v apennine_a the_o high_a mountain_n of_o all_o italy_n reach_v from_o the_o alps_n with_o a_o continual_a ridge_n of_o hill_n to_o the_o straits_n of_o cicilie_n from_o the_o other_o side_n thereof_o to_o padus_n the_o rich_a river_n in_o all_o italy_n all_o the_o country_n shine_v with_o goodly_a fair_a town_n to_o wit_n liberna_n dertona_n a_o colony_n iria_n
they_o call_v hercules_n his_o town_n two_o arsinoite_n there_o be_v they_o and_o memphites_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o two_o the_o head_n of_o delta_n upon_o it_o there_o do_v bind_v out_o of_o africa_n the_o two_o ouafitae_fw-la there_o be_v that_o change_n some_o name_n of_o these_o and_o set_v down_o for_o they_o other_o jurisdiction_n to_o wit_n heroopolites_n and_o crocodilopolites_n between_o arsinoite_n and_o memphite_n there_o be_v a_o lake_n 250_o mile_n about_o or_o as_o mutianus_n say_v 450_o fifty_o pace_n deep_a i_o 150_o foot_n &_o the_o same_o make_v by_o man_n hand_n call_v the_o lake_n maeridis_n of_o a_o king_n who_o make_v it_o 72_o mile_n from_o thence_o be_v memphis_n the_o castle_n in_o old_a time_n of_o the_o egyptian_a king_n from_o which_o to_o the_o oracle_n of_o hammon_n be_v twelve_o day_n journey_n &_o so_o to_o the_o division_n of_o nilus_n which_o be_v call_v delta_n fifteen_o mile_n the_o river_n nilus_n rise_v from_o unknown_a spring_n pass_v through_o desert_n and_o hot_a burn_a country_n and_o go_v thus_o a_o mighty_a way_n in_o length_n be_v know_v by_o fame_n only_o without_o arm_n without_o war_n which_o have_v discover_v and_o find_v out_o all_o other_o land_n it_o have_v his_o beginning_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o jabâ—…_n be_v able_a to_o search_v and_o find_v out_o in_o a_o hill_n of_o the_o low_a mauritania_n not_o far_o from_o the_o ocean_n where_o a_o lake_n present_o be_v see_v to_o stand_v with_o water_n which_o they_o call_v nilides_n in_o it_o be_v find_v these_o fish_n call_v alabetae_fw-la coracini_n siluri_n and_o the_o crocodile_n upon_o this_o argument_n &_o presumption_n nilus_n be_v think_v to_o spring_v from_o hence_o for_o that_o the_o pourtract_n of_o this_o source_n be_v consecrate_v by_o the_o say_a prince_n at_o caesaria_n in_o iseum_n and_o be_v there_o at_o this_o day_n see_v moreover_o observe_v it_o be_v that_o as_o the_o snow_n or_o rain_n do_v satisfy_v the_o country_n in_o mauritania_n so_o nilus_n do_v increase_v when_o it_o be_v run_v out_o of_o this_o lake_n it_o scorn_v to_o run_v through_o the_o sandy_a and_o overgrow_a place_n and_o hide_v himself_o for_o certain_a day_n journey_n and_o then_o soon_o after_o out_o of_o a_o great_a lake_n it_o break_v forth_o in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o massaesyli_n with_o mauritania_n caesarienses_n and_o look_n about_o view_v man_n company_n carrying_z the_o same_o argument_n still_o of_o live_a creature_n breed_v within_o it_o then_o once_o again_o be_v receive_v within_o the_o sand_n it_o be_v hide_v a_o second_o time_n for_o twenty_o day_n journey_n in_o the_o desert_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o next_o aethiop_n and_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v once_o again_o espy_v a_o man_n forth_o he_o start_v as_o it_o shall_v seem_v out_o of_o that_o spring_n which_o they_o call_v nigris_fw-la and_o then_o divide_v africa_n from_o aethiopia_n be_v acquaint_v if_o not_o present_o with_o people_n yet_o with_o the_o frequent_a company_n of_o wild_a and_o savage_a beast_n and_o make_v shade_n of_o wood_n as_o he_o go_v he_o cut_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o aethiopian_n there_o surname_v astapus_n which_o in_o the_o language_n of_o those_o nation_n signify_v a_o water_n flow_v out_o of_o darkness_n thus_o dash_v he_o upon_o such_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o island_n and_o some_o of_o they_o so_o mighty_a great_a that_o albeit_o he_o bear_v a_o swift_a stream_n yet_o be_v he_o not_o able_a to_o pass_v beyond_o they_o in_o less_o space_n than_o 5_o day_n about_o the_o goodly_a and_o fair_a of_o they_o meroe_n the_o channel_n go_v on_o the_o left_a hand_n be_v call_v astabores_fw-la that_o be_v the_o branch_n of_o a_o water_n come_v forth_o of_o darkness_n but_o that_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n astusapes_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o lie_v hide_v to_o the_o former_a signification_n and_o never_o take_v the_o name_n of_o nilus_n before_o his_o water_n meet_v again_o &_o accord_v all_o whole_a together_o and_o even_o so_o be_v he_o aforetime_o name_v siris_n for_o many_o mile_n space_n and_o of_o homer_n altogether_o aegyptis_fw-la and_o of_o other_o triton_n here_o and_o there_o and_o ever_o and_o anon_o hit_v upon_o island_n and_o stir_v as_o it_o be_v with_o so_o many_o provocation_n and_o at_o the_o last_o enclose_v and_o shut_v within_o mountain_n and_o in_o no_o place_n he_o carry_v a_o rough_a and_o swift_a stream_n while_o the_o water_n that_o he_o bear_v hasten_v to_o a_o place_n of_o the_o aethiopian_n call_v catadupi_n where_o in_o the_o last_o fall_n among_o the_o rock_n that_o stand_v in_o his_o way_n he_o be_v suppose_v not_o to_o run_v but_o to_o rush_v down_o with_o a_o mighty_a noise_n but_o afterward_o he_o become_v more_o mild_a and_o gentle_a as_o the_o course_n of_o his_o stream_n be_v break_v and_o his_o violence_n tame_v and_o abate_v yea_o and_o partly_o weary_v with_o his_o long_a way_n and_o so_o though_o with_o many_o mouth_n of_o he_o he_o discharge_v himself_o into_o the_o egyptian_a sea_n howbeit_o at_o certain_a set_v day_n he_o swell_v to_o a_o great_a height_n and_o when_o he_o have_v travel_v all_o over_o egypt_n he_o overflow_v the_o land_n to_o the_o great_a fertility_n and_o plenty_n thereof_o many_o and_o diverse_a cause_n of_o this_o rise_n and_o increase_n of_o he_o man_n have_v give_v but_o those_o which_o carry_v the_o most_o probability_n be_v either_o the_o rebound_v of_o the_o water_n drive_v back_o by_o the_o wind_n etesiae_fw-la at_o that_o time_n blow_v against_o it_o and_o drive_v the_o sea_n withal_o upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o nilus_n or_o else_o the_o summer_n rain_n in_o aethiopia_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o same_o etesiae_n bring_v cloud_n thither_o from_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n timaeus_n the_o mathematician_n allege_v a_o hide_a reason_n thereof_o to_o wit_n that_o the_o head_n and_o source_n of_o nilus_n be_v name_v phyala_n and_o the_o river_n itself_o be_v hide_v as_o it_o be_v drown_v within_o certain_a secret_a trench_n within_o the_o ground_n breathe_v forth_o vapour_n out_o of_o reek_a rock_n where_o it_o thus_o lie_v in_o secret_a but_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o sun_n during_o those_o day_n come_v near_o draw_v up_o it_o be_v by_o force_n of_o heat_n and_o so_o all_o the_o while_o he_o hang_v aloft_o overflow_v and_o then_o again_o for_o fear_n he_o shall_v be_v whole_o devour_v and_o consume_v put_v in_o his_o head_n again_o and_o lie_v hide_v and_o this_o happen_v from_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o dog_n star_n sicinus_n in_o the_o sun_n entrance_n into_o leo_n while_o the_o planet_n stand_v plumbe_v over_o the_o fountain_n aforesaid_a for_o as_o much_o as_o in_o that_o climate_n there_o be_v no_o shadow_n to_o be_v see_v many_o again_o be_v of_o a_o different_a opinion_n that_o a_o river_n howeth_n more_o abundant_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v depart_v towards_o the_o north_n pole_n which_o happen_v in_o cancer_n and_o leo_n and_o therefore_o at_o that_o time_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o dry_v but_o when_o he_o be_v return_v once_o again_o back_o towards_o capricorn_n and_o the_o south_n pole_n it_o be_v drink_v up_o and_o therefore_o flow_v more_o spare_o but_o if_o according_a to_o timaus_n a_o man_n will_v think_v it_o possible_a that_o the_o water_n shall_v be_v draw_v up_o the_o want_n of_o shadow_n during_o those_o day_n and_o in_o those_o quarter_n continue_v still_o without_o end_n for_o the_o river_n begin_v to_o rise_v and_o swell_v at_o the_o next_o change_n of_o the_o moon_n after_o the_o sunsteed_n by_o little_a and_o little_a gentle_o so_o long_o as_o he_o pass_v through_o the_o sign_n cancer_n but_o most_o abundant_o when_o he_o be_v in_o leo._n and_o when_o he_o be_v enter_v virgo_fw-la he_o fall_v and_o settle_v low_a again_o in_o the_o same_o measure_n as_o he_o rise_v before_o and_o be_v clean_o bring_v within_o his_o bank_n in_o libya_n which_o be_v as_o herodotus_n think_v by_o the_o hundred_o day_n all_o the_o while_o it_o rise_v it_o have_v be_v think_v unlawful_a for_o king_n or_o governor_n to_o sail_v or_o pass_v in_o any_o vessel_n upon_o it_o and_o they_o make_v conscrence_n so_o to_o do_v how_o high_a it_o rise_v be_v know_v by_o mark_n and_o measure_n take_v of_o certain_a pit_n the_o ordinary_a height_n of_o it_o be_v sixteen_o cubit_n under_o that_o gage_n the_o water_n overflow_v not_o all_o above_o that_o stint_n there_o be_v a_o let_v and_o hindrance_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o late_a it_o be_v ere_o they_o be_v fall_v and_o down_o again_o by_o these_o the_o seed_n time_n be_v much_o of_o it_o spend_v for_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v too_o wet_a by_o the_o other_o there_o be_v none_o at_o all_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o ground_n be_v dry_a and_o thirsty_a
the_o province_n take_v good_a keep_v and_o reckon_n of_o both_o the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o for_o when_o it_o be_v no_o high_a than_o 12_o cubit_n it_o find_v extreme_a famine_n yea_o and_o at_o 13_o it_o feel_v hunger_n still_o 14_o cubit_n comfort_v their_o heart_n 15_o bid_v they_o take_v no_o care_n but_o 16_o afford_v they_o plenty_n and_o delicious_a dainty_n the_o great_a flood_n that_o ever_o be_v know_v until_o thisse_v day_n be_v 18_o cubit_n in_o the_o time_n of_o prince_n claudius_n emperor_n and_o the_o least_o in_o the_o pharsalian_a war_n against_o the_o death_n of_o pompey_n as_o if_o the_o very_a river_n by_o that_o prodigious_a token_n loathe_v to_o see_v the_o same_o when_o at_o any_o time_n the_o water_n seem_v to_o stand_v and_o cover_v the_o ground_n still_o they_o be_v let_v out_o at_o certain_a sluice_n or_o floodgate_n draw_v up_o and_o set_v open_a and_o so_o soon_o as_o any_o part_n of_o the_o land_n be_v free_v from_o the_o water_n straight_o way_n it_o be_v sow_v this_o be_v the_o only_a river_n of_o all_o other_o that_o breathe_v out_o no_o wind_n from_o it_o the_o seignory_n &_o dominion_n of_o egypt_n begin_v at_o syene_n the_o frontier_n rowne_v of_o aethiopia_n for_o that_o be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o demi_a island_n 100_o mile_n in_o compass_n wherein_o be_v the_o cerastae_fw-la upon_o the_o side_n of_o arabia_n and_o over_o against_o it_o the_o 4_o island_n philae_n 600_o mile_n from_o the_o partition_n of_o nilus_n where_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v call_v delta_n as_o we_o have_v say_v this_o space_n of_o ground_n have_v artemidorus_n deliver_v and_o withal_o that_o within_o it_o be_v 250_o town_n juba_n seat_v down_o 400_o mile_n aristocreon_n say_v that_o from_o elephantis_n to_o the_o sea_n be_v 750_o mile_n this_o elephantis_n be_v a_o island_n be_v inhabit_v beneath_o the_o low_a cataract_n or_o fall_v of_o water_n 3_o mile_n and_o above_o syene_n 16_o and_o it_o be_v the_o utmost_a point_n that_o the_o egyptian_n sail_v unto_o &_o be_v from_o alexandria_n 586_o mile_n see_v how_o far_o the_o author_n above_o write_v have_v err_v and_o go_v out_o of_o the_o way_n there_o meet_v the_o aethiopian_a ship_n for_o they_o be_v make_v to_o fold_v up_o together_o and_o carry_v they_o upon_o their_o shoulder_n so_o often_o as_o they_o come_v to_o those_o cataract_n or_o downfall_n aforesaid_a egypt_n over_o and_o above_o all_o other_o their_o boast_n and_o glory_n of_o antiquity_n brag_v that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n amasis_n there_o be_v inhabit_v in_o it_o and_o people_v twenty_o thousand_o city_n and_o even_o at_o this_o day_n full_a it_o be_v of_o they_o such_o as_o they_o be_v and_o of_o base_a account_n howbeit_o that_o of_o apollo_n be_v much_o renown_v as_o also_o near_o unto_o it_o another_o of_o leucathea_n and_o diospolis_n the_o great_a the_o very_a same_o that_o thebes_n famous_a for_o the_o 100_o gate_n in_o it_o â—…piter_n also_o captos_fw-la a_o great_a mart_n town_n next_o to_o nilus_n much_o frequent_v for_o merchandise_n and_o commodity_n out_o of_o india_n and_o arabia_n moreover_o the_o town_n of_o venus_n and_o another_o of_o jupiter_n &_o tentyris_n beneath_o which_o stand_v abydus_n the_o royal_a seat_n of_o memnon_n and_o osiris_n renown_v for_o the_o temple_n there_o seven_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a distant_a from_o the_o river_n towards_o lybia_n then_o ptolemais_n panopolis_n and_o another_o yet_o of_o venus_n also_o in_o the_o lybian_a coast_n lycon_n where_o the_o hill_n do_v bind_v thebais_n soon_o after_o these_o town_n of_o mercury_n alabaston_n canum_fw-la and_o that_o of_o hercules_n speak_v of_o before_o after_o these_o arsinoe_n and_o the_o abovesaid_a memphis_n between_o which_o and_o the_o diocese_n arsinoetis_fw-la in_o the_o lybian_a coast_n the_o tower_n call_v pyramid_n the_o labyrinth_n build_v up_o in_o the_o lake_n of_o moeris_n without_o any_o jot_n of_o timber_n to_o it_o and_o the_o town_n crialon_n one_o more_o beside_o stand_v within-forth_a and_o bound_a upon_o arabia_n call_v the_o town_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o great_a account_n and_o importance_n chap._n x._o ¶_o alexandria_n but_o right_o worthy_a of_o praise_n be_v alexandria_n stand_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o egyptian_a sea_n build_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a on_o africa_n side_n 12_o mile_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o canopus_n near_o to_o the_o lake_n mareotis_n which_o be_v beforetime_n call_v rachobeâ—…_n arapotes_n danochares_n the_o architect_n a_o man_n renown_v for_o his_o singular_a wit_n many_o waiesl_n aid_v the_o model_n and_o platform_n thereof_o by_o a_o subtle_a and_o witty_a devise_n for_o have_v take_v up_o a_o circuit_n of_o 15_o mile_n for_o the_o city_n he_o make_v it_o round_o like_a to_o a_o macedonian_a cloak_n full_a in_o the_o skirt_n bear_v out_o into_o angle_n and_o corner_n as_o well_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o the_o left_a so_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o lie_v in_o fold_n and_o plait_n and_o yet_o even_o then_o he_o set_v out_o one_o five_o part_n of_o all_o this_o plot_n for_o the_o king_n palace_n the_o lake_n mareotis_n from_o the_o south_n side_n meet_v with_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n bring_v from_o out_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o say_a river_n call_v canopicus_fw-la for_o the_o more_o commodious_a traffic_n and_o commerce_n out_o of_o the_o firm_a ground_n and_o inland_n continent_n this_o lake_n contain_v within_o it_o sundry_a island_n and_o according_a to_o claudius_n caesar_n it_o be_v thirty_o mile_n over_o other_o say_v that_o it_o lie_v in_o length_n 40_o schoeni_n and_o so_o whereas_o every_o schoene_n be_v 30_o stadia_fw-la it_o come_v by_o that_o account_n to_o be_v 150_o mile_n long_o and_o as_o many_o broad_a over_o and_o beside_o there_o be_v many_o goodly_a fair_a town_n of_o great_a importance_n stand_v upon_o the_o river_n nilus_n where_o he_o run_v and_o those_o especial_o which_o have_v give_v name_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n and_o yet_o not_o to_o all_o those_o neither_o for_o there_o be_v 11_o of_o they_o in_o all_o over_o and_o beside_o four_o more_o which_o they_o themselves_o call_v bastard_n mouth_n but_o to_o 7_o of_o the_o principal_a to_o wit_n upon_o that_o of_o canopus_n next_o unto_o alexandria_n then_o bolbitinum_n and_o so_o forth_o to_o sebenniticum_fw-la phatuiticum_fw-la mendesicum_fw-la taniticum_fw-la and_o last_o of_o all_o pelusiacum_n other_o city_n there_o be_v beside_o to_o wit_n buros_n pharboeto_n leontopolis_n achribris_n i_o this_o town_n busiris_n cynophis_n aphrodites_n sais_n naucratis_n of_o which_o some_o think_v the_o mouth_n naucraticum_fw-la take_v the_o name_n which_o they_o be_v that_o call_v heracleoticum_n prefer_v it_o before_o canopicum_fw-la next_o unto_o which_o it_o stand_v chap._n xi_o ¶_o arabia_n the_o desert_n or_o petraea_n be_v once_o past_o that_o arm_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n which_o enter_v into_o the_o sea_n at_o pelusium_n you_o come_v into_o arabia_n confine_v upon_o the_o red_a sea_n and_o that_o other_o arabia_n so_o rich_a &_o odoriferous_a and_o therefore_o renown_v with_o the_o syrname_n of_o happy_a as_o for_o this_o desert_n arabia_n possess_v it_o be_v by_o the_o catabanes_n esbonite_n and_o screnite_fw-la arabian_n all_o barren_a and_o fruitless_a save_o whereas_o it_o meet_v with_o the_o confine_n of_o syria_n and_o set_v aside_o the_o mountain_n casius_n nothing_o memorable_a this_o region_n confront_v the_o arabian_n canchlei_fw-la on_o the_o east-side_n and_o the_o cedraei_fw-la southward_o and_o they_o both_o confine_v together_o afterward_o upon_o the_o nabathaees_n moreover_o 2_o bays_n there_o be_v the_o one_o call_v the_o gulf_n of_o heroopolis_n and_o the_o other_o of_o elani_fw-la both_o in_o the_o red_a sea_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o egypt_n 150_o mile_n distant_a between_o two_o town_n elana_n and_o gaza_n which_o be_v in_o our_o mediteranean_n sea_n agrippa_n count_v from_o pelusium_n to_o arsinoe_n a_o town_n situate_a upon_o the_o red_a sea_n a_o hundred_o and_o five_o and_o twenty_o mile_n see_v how_o small_a a_o way_n lie_v between_o two_o climate_n so_o different_a in_o nature_n chap._n xii_o ¶_o syria_n palestine_n phoenicia_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o say_v arabia_n confine_v syria_n a_o region_n in_o time_n past_a the_o chief_a and_o most_o renown_a upon_o earth_n and_o the_o same_o distinguish_v by_o sundry_a name_n for_o where_o it_o confine_v upon_o the_o arabian_n call_v it_o be_v palestina_n jury_n coele-suria_a and_o afterward_o phoenicia_n but_o go_v far_o within_o the_o firm_a land_n damascene_fw-la turn_v more_o still_o southwards_o it_o be_v name_v babylonia_n and_o the_o same_o between_o the_o have_v euphrates_n and_o tigris_n carry_v the_o name_n of_o mesopotamia_n beyond_o the_o mountain_n taurus_n it_o be_v sophene_n but_o on_o this_o side_n the_o hill_n they_o call_v
wherein_o all_o man_n observe_v not_o the_o same_o nor_o make_v like_o account_n howbeit_o most_o man_n speak_v of_o damascus_n and_o opotos_n water_v with_o the_o river_n chrysorrhora_n also_o philadelphia_n renown_v for_o the_o fruitful_a territory_n about_o it_o moreover_o of_o scythopolis_n take_v name_n of_o the_o scythian_n there_o plant_v and_o beforetime_n mysa_n so_o name_v of_o prince_n or_o father_n bacchus_n by_o reason_n that_o his_o nurse_n there_o be_v bury_v also_o gadara_n situate_a on_o the_o river_n hieromiax_n run_v even_o before_o it_o beside_o the_o abovenamed_n hippos_n dios._n likewise_o pella_n enrich_v with_o the_o good_a fountain_n and_o last_o of_o all_o galaza_n and_o canatha_n there_o lie_v between_o and_o about_o these_o city_n certain_a royalty_n call_v triarchy_n contain_v every_o one_o of_o they_o as_o much_o as_o a_o whole_a country_n and_o reduce_v they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v into_o several_a country_n namely_o trachonitis_n panias_n wherein_o stand_v caesarea_n with_o the_o fountain_n abovesaid_a abiâ—a_o arca_n ampeloessa_n and_o gabe_n chap._n xix_o ¶_o tyre_n and_o sidon_n return_v now_o we_o must_v to_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o phoenicia_n a_o river_n run_v there_o call_v crocodilon_n whereupon_o stand_v a_o town_n in_o time_n past_o bear_v the_o name_n also_o there_o remain_v in_o those_o part_v the_o bare_a relic_n still_o of_o city_n to_o wit_n dorum_fw-la sycaminum_fw-la the_o cape_n or_o promontory_n carmelum_fw-la and_o a_o town_n upon_o the_o hill_n so_o name_v but_o in_o old_a time_n call_v ecbatana_n near_o thereto_o getta_n and_o jebba_n the_o river_n pagida_n or_o pelus_n carry_v crystal_n glass_n with_o his_o sand_n upon_o the_o shore_n this_o river_n come_v out_o of_o the_o mere_a ceudevia_n from_o the_o foot_n of_o mount_n carmel_n near_o unto_o it_o be_v the_o city_n ptolemais_n erect_v in_o form_n of_o a_o colony_n by_o claudius_n caesar_n in_o ancient_a time_n call_v are._n the_o town_n ecdippa_n and_o the_o cape_n album_n then_o follow_v the_o noble_a city_n tyrus_n in_o old_a time_n a_o island_n lie_v almost_o 3_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n within_o the_o deep_a sea_n but_o now_o by_o the_o great_a travel_n and_o device_n wrought_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a at_o the_o siege_n thereof_o join_v to_o the_o firm_a ground_n renown_a for_o that_o out_o of_o it_o have_v be_v three_o other_o city_n of_o ancient_a name_n to_o wit_n leptis_n utica_n and_o that_o great_a carthage_n which_o so_o long_o strive_v with_o the_o empire_n of_o rome_n for_o the_o monarchy_n and_o dominion_n of_o all_o the_o whole_a world_n yea_o and_o gades_n divide_v as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v people_v from_o hence_o but_o now_o at_o this_o day_n all_o the_o reputation_n and_o glory_n thereof_o stand_v upon_o the_o die_n of_o purple_a &_o crimson_a colour_n the_o compass_n of_o it_o be_v 19_o mile_n so_o you_o comprise_v palaetyrus_n within_o it_o the_o very_a town_n itself_o alone_o take_v up_o 22_o stadia_fw-la near_o unto_o it_o be_v these_o town_n luhydra_n sarepta_n and_o ornython_n also_o sydon_n where_o the_o fair_a and_o clear_a glass_n be_v make_v and_o which_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o the_o great_a city_n thebes_n in_o boeotia_n chap._n xx._n ¶_o the_o mount_n libanon_n behind_o it_o begin_v the_o mount_n libanus_n and_o for_o 1500_o stadia_fw-la reach_v as_o far_o as_o to_o smyrna_n whereas_o coele-syria_n take_v the_o name_n another_o promontory_n there_o be_v as_o big_a over-against_o it_o call_v antilibanus_n with_o a_o valley_n lie_v between_o which_o in_o old_a time_n join_v to_o the_o other_o libanus_n with_o a_o wall_n be_v past_o this_o hill_n the_o region_n decapolis_n show_v itself_o to_o you_o within-forth_a call_v decapolis_n and_o the_o abovenamed_n tetrachies_n or_o realm_n with_o it_o and_o the_o whole_a largeness_n that_o palestine_n have_v but_o in_o that_o coast_n and_o tract_n still_o along_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mount_n libanus_n there_o be_v the_o river_n magoras_n also_o the_o colony_n berytus_n call_v foelix_fw-la julia._n the_o town_n leontos_n the_o river_n lycos_n also_o palaebyblos_n i._n byblos_n the_o old_a then_o you_o come_v upon_o the_o river_n adonis_n and_o so_o to_o these_o town_n byblos_n the_o new_a botrys_n gigarta_n trieris_fw-la calamos_fw-la and_o tripoli_n under_o the_o tyrian_n sydonian_o and_o arcadian_n then_o meet_v you_o with_o orthosia_n and_o the_o river_n eleutheros_n also_o these_o town_n simyra_n marathos_n and_o over-against_a aradus_n a_o town_n of_o seven_o stadia_fw-la and_o a_o island_n less_o than_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o continent_n when_o you_o be_v once_o past_o the_o country_n where_o the_o say_v mountain_n do_v end_n and_o the_o plain_n lie_v between_o then_o begin_v the_o mount_n bargylis_n and_o there_o as_o phoenicia_n end_v so_o begin_v syria_n again_o in_o which_o country_n be_v carne_n balanea_n paltos_n and_o gabale_n also_o the_o promontory_n whereupon_o stand_v the_o free_a city_n laodicea_n together_o with_o diospolis_n heraclea_n charadrus_n and_o posidium_n chap._n xxi_o ¶_o syria_n antiochena_n go_v forward_o in_o this_o tract_n and_o you_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o cape_n of_o syria_n atiochena_n within-forth_a be_v seat_v the_o noble_a and_o free_a city_n itself_o antiochena_n surname_v epidaphne_n through_o the_o mid_n whereof_o run_v the_o river_n orontes_n but_o upon_o the_o very_a cape_n be_v the_o free_a city_n seleucia_n name_v also_o pieria_n chap._n xxii_o ¶_o the_o mount_n casius_n above_o the_o city_n seleucia_n there_o be_v another_o mountain_n name_v casius_n as_o well_o as_o that_o other_o which_o confronterh_n arabia_n this_o hill_n be_v of_o that_o height_n that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o it_o in_o the_o dark_a night_n season_n at_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o four_o watch_n he_o may_v behold_v the_o sun_n arise_v so_o that_o with_o a_o little_a turn_n of_o his_o face_n and_o body_n he_o may_v at_o one_o time_n see_v both_o day_n and_o night_n to_o get_v up_o by_o the_o ordinary_a highway_n to_o the_o very_a pitch_n of_o it_o a_o man_n may_v fetch_v a_o compass_n of_o 19_o mile_n but_o climb_v direct_o upright_o it_o be_v but_o 4_o mile_n in_o the_o border_n of_o this_o country_n run_v the_o river_n orontes_n which_o arise_v between_o libanus_n and_o antilibanus_n near_o to_o heliopolis_n then_o the_o town_n rhosos_n appear_v and_o behind_o it_o the_o straight_a passage_n and_o gullet_n betwixt_o the_o mountain_n rhotij_fw-la and_o taurus_n which_o be_v call_v portae_n syriae_n in_o this_o tract_n or_o coast_n stand_v the_o town_n myriandros_n the_o hill_n avanus_fw-la where_o be_v the_o town_n bomilae_fw-la which_o separate_v cilicia_n from_o the_o syrian_n chap._n xxiii_o ¶_o coele-syria_n or_o high_a syria_n it_o remain_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o town_n and_o city_n in_o the_o midland_n part_n within_o the_o firm_a land_n and_o to_o begin_v with_o coele_n syria_n it_o have_v in_o it_o apamia_n separate_v from_o the_o nazerine_n tetrarchy_n by_o the_o river_n marsia_n likewise_o bambyce_n otherwise_o call_v hierapolis_n but_o of_o the_o syrian_n magog_n there_o be_v honour_v the_o monstrous_a idol_n of_o the_o meermaid_n atargatis_n call_v of_o the_o greek_n decreto_fw-la also_o chalcis_n with_o this_o addition_n upon_o belus_n from_o which_o the_o region_n chalcidene_n most_o fertile_a of_o all_o syria_n take_v name_n then_o have_v you_o the_o quarter_n cyrrhistica_fw-la with_o cirrhus_fw-la gazatae_fw-la gindarene_n and_o gabenes_n moreover_o two_o tetrarchy_n call_v granucomatae_fw-la moreover_o the_o hemisenes_n hylate_n the_o ituraeans_n country_n and_o principal_o those_o of_o they_o who_o be_v name_v betarrani_fw-la and_o the_o mariammitane_n the_o tetrarchie_n or_o principality_n name_v mammisea_n the_o city_n paradisus_fw-la pagrae_n pinarites_n and_o two_o seleuciae_fw-la beside_o the_o above_o name_v one_o call_v upon_o euphrates_n and_o the_o other_o upon_o belus_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o carditense_n the_o rest_n of_o syria_n have_v these_o state_n beside_o those_o which_o shall_v be_v speak_v of_o with_o the_o river_n euphrates_n the_o arethusian_o beraeense_n and_o epiphanenses_n and_o eastward_o the_o laodicenes_n namely_o those_o who_o be_v entitle_v upon_o libanus_n the_o leucadian_o and_o larissaean_o beside_o 17_o tetrarchy_n reduce_v into_o the_o form_n of_o realm_n but_o their_o name_n be_v barbarous_a chap._n xxiv_o ¶_o euphrates_n and_o here_o methinks_v be_v the_o fit_a and_o meet_a place_n to_o speak_v of_o euphrates_n the_o source_n of_o it_o by_o report_n of_o they_o that_o see_v it_o last_o and_o near_a be_v in_o caranitis_n a_o state_n under_o the_o government_n of_o armenia_n the_o great_a and_o those_o be_v domitius_n and_o corbulo_n who_o say_v that_o it_o spring_v in_o the_o mountain_n aba_n but_o licinius_n mutianus_n affirm_v that_o it_o issue_v from_o under_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n
it_o fetch_v such_o wind_n to_o and_o fro_o that_o oftentimes_o it_o be_v take_v for_o to_o run_v back_o again_o from_o whence_o it_o come_v the_o first_o country_n that_o it_o pass_v through_o be_v apamia_n and_o from_o thence_o it_o proceed_v to_o eumenitica_fw-la and_o so_o forward_o through_o the_o plain_n bergylletici_fw-la last_o of_o all_o he_o come_v gentle_o into_o caria_n and_o when_o he_o have_v water_v and_o overflow_v all_o that_o land_n with_o a_o most_o fat_a and_o fruitful_a mud_n that_o he_o leave_v behind_o he_o about_o ten_o stadia_fw-la from_o miletus_n he_o discharge_v himself_o into_o the_o sea_n near_o to_o that_o river_n be_v the_o hill_n latmus_n the_o city_n heraclea_n surname_v caryca_n of_o a_o hill_n of_o that_o name_n also_o myus_n which_o as_o the_o report_n go_v be_v the_o first_o city_n found_v by_o the_o jonians_n after_o their_o arrival_n from_o athens_n naulochum_n and_o pyrene_n also_o upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n the_o town_n call_v trogilia_n and_o the_o river_n gessus_fw-la moreover_o this_o quarter_n all_o the_o jonians_n resort_v unto_o in_o their_o devotion_n and_o therefore_o name_v it_o be_v panionia_n near_o unto_o it_o be_v build_v a_o privileged_a place_n for_o all_o fugitive_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o name_n phygela_n as_o also_o the_o town_n marathesium_n stand_v there_o sometime_o and_o above_o it_o the_o renown_a city_n magnesia_n surname_v upon_o maeander_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o that_o other_o magnesia_n in_o thessaly_n from_o ephesus_n it_o be_v 15_o mile_n and_o from_o trallais_n thither_o it_o be_v three_o mile_n far_o beforetime_o call_v it_o be_v thessaloce_fw-mi &_o androlitia_n and_o be_v otherwise_o situate_a upon_o the_o strand_n it_o take_v away_o with_o it_o other_o island_n call_v derasides_fw-la and_o join_v they_o to_o the_o firm_a land_n from_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n more_o within_o the_o main_n stand_v thyatira_n in_o old_a time_n call_v pelopia_n and_o euhippa_n upon_o the_o river_n lycus_n but_o upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n you_o have_v manteium_n and_o ephesus_n found_v in_o time_n pass_v by_o the_o amazon_n but_o many_o name_n it_o have_v go_v through_o before_o for_o in_o time_n of_o the_o trojan_a war_n alopes_n it_o be_v call_v soon_o after_o ortygia_n and_o morges_n yea_o and_o it_o take_v name_n smyrne_n with_o addition_n of_o trachaea_n i._n rough_a samornium_fw-la and_o ptelea_n mount_v it_o be_v upon_o the_o hill_n pione_n and_o have_v the_o river_n caystrus_n under_o it_o which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o cilbian_a hill_n and_o bring_v down_o with_o it_o many_o other_o river_n and_o principal_o be_v maintain_v and_o enrich_v with_o the_o lake_n pegaseum_n which_o discharge_v itself_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o river_n phyrites_n that_o run_v into_o it_o with_o these_o river_n he_o bring_v down_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o mud_n whereby_o he_o increase_v the_o land_n for_o now_o already_o a_o good_a way_n within_o the_o land_n be_v the_o island_n syrie_n join_v to_o the_o continent_n a_o fountain_n there_o be_v within_o the_o city_n call_v callipia_n and_o two_o river_n height_n both_o selinus_n come_v from_o diverse_a part_n environ_v the_o temple_n of_o diana_n after_o you_o have_v be_v at_o ephesus_n you_o come_v to_o another_o manteium_n inhabit_v by_o the_o colophonian_n and_o within_o the_o country_n colophon_n itself_o with_o the_o river_n halesus_n under_o it_o then_o meet_v you_o with_o the_o noble_a temple_n of_o apollo_n clarius_n and_o lebedos_n and_o in_o this_o quarter_n sometime_o be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o town_n notium_n the_o promontory_n also_o coryceon_n be_v in_o this_o coast_n and_o the_o mountain_n mimas_n which_o reach_v out_o 250_o mile_n and_o end_v at_o length_n in_o the_o plain_n within_o the_o continent_n that_o join_v unto_o it_o this_o be_v the_o place_n wherein_o alexander_n the_o great_a command_v a_o trench_n seven_o mile_n long_o and_o a_o half_a to_o be_v cut_v through_o the_o plain_a for_o to_o join_v two_o gulf_n in_o one_o and_o to_o bring_v erythree_n and_o mimas_n together_o for_o to_o be_v environ_v round_o therewith_o near_o this_o city_n erythree_n be_v sometime_o the_o town_n pteleon_n helos_n and_o dorion_n now_o there_o be_v the_o river_n aleon_n and_o the_o cape_n corineum_n upon_o the_o mount_n mimas_n clazomene_n parthenia_n and_o hippi_n call_v chytophoria_n have_v be_v sometime_o island_n the_o same_o alexander_n cause_v to_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o firm_a land_n for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o stadia_fw-la there_o have_v perish_v within-forth_a and_o be_v drown_v daphnus_n hermesia_n and_o sipylum_n call_v beforetime_n tantalis_fw-la notwithstanding_o it_o have_v be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o moeonia_n situate_v in_o that_o place_n where_o now_o be_v the_o mere_a or_o lake_n sale_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n archaeopolis_n succeed_v in_o that_o preeminence_n and_o after_o it_o colpe_v and_o in_o stead_n thereof_o lebade_n as_o you_o return_v from_o thence_o towards_o the_o sea_n side_n about_o twelve_o mile_n off_o you_o come_v upon_o the_o city_n smyrna_n build_v by_o a_o amazonite_n but_o repair_v and_o fortify_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a situate_v it_o be_v pleasant_o upon_o the_o river_n melis_n which_o have_v his_o head_n and_o source_n not_o far_o off_o the_o most_o renown_a hill_n in_o asia_n for_o the_o most_o part_n spread_v themselves_o at_o large_a in_o this_o tract_n to_o wit_n mastusia_n on_o the_o back_n side_n of_o smyrna_n and_o termetis_n that_o meet_v close_o to_o the_o foot_n of_o olympus_n this_o hill_n olympus_n end_v at_o the_o mountain_n tmolus_n tmolus_n at_o cadmus_n and_o cadmus_n at_o taurus_n when_o you_o be_v past_a smyrna_n you_o come_v into_o certain_a plain_n occasion_v by_o the_o river_n hermus_n and_o therefore_o adopt_v in_o his_o name_n this_o river_n have_v his_o beginning_n near_o to_o doryleus_fw-la a_o city_n of_o phrygia_n and_o take_v into_o it_o many_o other_o city_n &_o principal_o phryge_a which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o divide_v phrygia_n and_o caria_n asunder_o moreover_o lyllus_n &_o crios_n which_o also_o be_v big_a and_o great_a by_o reason_n of_o other_o river_n of_o phrygia_n mysia_n and_o lydia_n which_o enter_v into_o they_o in_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o this_o river_n stand_v sometime_o the_o town_n temnos_n but_o now_o in_o the_o very_a utmost_a nouke_n of_o the_o gulf_n certain_a stony_a rock_n call_v myrmece_n also_o the_o town_n leuce_n upon_o the_o cape_n so_o call_v sometime_o a_o island_n it_o be_v and_o last_o of_o all_o phocaea_n which_o limit_v and_o bound_v jonia_n but_o to_o return_v to_o smyrna_n the_o most_o part_n of_o aeolia_n whereof_o we_o will_v speak_v anon_o repair_v common_o thither_o to_o their_o parliament_n and_o assize_n likewise_o the_o macedonian_n syrname_v hircani_n as_o also_o the_o magnetes_n from_o sipylum_n but_o unto_o ephesus_n which_o be_v another_o principal_a and_o famous_a city_n of_o asia_n resort_v those_o that_o dwell_v far_o off_o to_o wit_n the_o caesarian_n metropolite_n cylbianes_n the_o myso-macedonians_a as_o well_o the_o high_a as_o the_o low_a the_o mastaurians_n brullite_n hyppepoenians_n and_o dios-hieriteae_a chap._n xxx_o ¶_o aeolis_n troas_n and_o pergamus_n aeolis_n in_o old_a time_n mysia_n confront_v upon_o jonia_n so_o do_v troas_n which_o bound_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o hellespontus_n be_v then_o past_a phocaea_n you_o meet_v with_o the_o port_n ascanius_n &_o the_o place_n where_o sometime_o larissa_n stand_v and_o now_o cyme_n and_o myrina_n which_o love_v to_o be_v call_v sebastopolis_n within_o the_o firm_a land_n aegae_n attalia_n posidea_n neon-tichos_a and_o temnos_n but_o upon_o the_o coast_n the_o river_n titanus_n and_o a_o city_n take_v name_n thereof_o the_o time_n be_v when_o a_o man_n may_v have_v see_v there_o the_o city_n grynia_n but_o now_o there_o be_v but_o a_o haven_n and_o the_o bare_a ground_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o island_n be_v take_v into_o it_o and_o join_v thereto_o the_o town_n elaea_n be_v not_o far_o from_o thence_o and_o the_o river_n caicus_n come_v out_o of_o mysia_n moreover_o the_o town_n pytane_n and_o the_o river_n canaius_n other_o town_n there_o be_v in_o old_a time_n but_o they_o be_v lose_v and_o perish_v namely_o canae_n lysimachia_n atarnaea_n carenae_fw-la cisthene_n cilla_n cocillum_fw-la thebae_n astyre_n chrysa_n paloestepsis_n gergithos_n and_o neandros_n yet_o at_o this_o day_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o city_n perperene_a &_o beyond_o it_o the_o tract_n and_o territory_n heracleote_n the_o town_n corypha_n the_o river_n gryliosolius_fw-la the_o quarter_n call_v aphrodisias_n beforetime_n politice_n orgas_n the_o country_n and_o scepsis_n the_o new_a the_o river_n evenus_n upon_o the_o bank_n whereof_o stand_v once_o lyrmessos_n and_o mileto_n but_o now_o they_o be_v go_v in_o this_o tract_n be_v the_o mountain_n ida._n moreover_o in_o the_o sea_n coast_n adramytteos_n
four_o mile_n there_o be_v beside_o in_o this_o coast_n phellusa_n &_o pedua_n now_o without_o hellespont_n over-against_o the_o bay_n and_o cape_n sigeum_n lie_v the_o isle_n tenedus_n call_v sometime_o leucophrys_n phaenice_n and_o lyrnessos_n from_o lesbos_n it_o be_v six_o and_o fifty_o mile_n and_o from_o sigaeum_n twelve_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a chap._n xxxii_o ¶_o hellespontus_n mysia_n phrygia_n gallatia_n bythinia_n bosphorus_n let_v we_o now_o leave_v the_o isle_n in_o the_o sea_n aegeum_n and_o come_v to_o hellespont_n now_o call_v the_o archipelago_n straits_n of_o callipolis_n whereinto_o the_o main_a sea_n gush_v with_o a_o mighty_a force_n and_o violence_n with_o his_o gulf_n and_o whirlpool_n dig_v before_o he_o a_o way_n until_o he_o have_v limit_v and_o divide_a asia_n from_o europe_n the_o promontory_n first_o appear_v there_o we_o name_v trapeza_n from_o which_o ten_o mile_n off_o stand_v the_o town_n abidum_fw-la where_o the_o straits_n be_v but_o seven_o stadia_fw-la over_o beyond_o it_o be_v percote_n the_o town_n and_o lampsacum_fw-la call_v beforetime_n pityusa_n moreover_o the_o colony_n parium_n which_o homer_n name_v adrastia_n moreover_o the_o town_n priapos_n the_o river_n aesepus_n and_o the_o cape_n zelia_n then_o come_v you_o to_o propontus_n for_o so_o be_v the_o place_n call_v where_o the_o sea_n begin_v to_o enlarge_v itself_o into_o this_o channel_n run_v the_o river_n granicum_fw-la which_o make_v the_o haven_n artace_n where_o once_o stand_v a_o town_n beyond_o it_o there_o be_v a_o island_n which_o alexander_n the_o great_a join_v to_o the_o continent_n by_o two_o bridge_n according_a to_o strabo_n in_o which_o stand_v the_o town_n cyzicum_n found_v by_o the_o milesian_n call_v heretofore_o arconnesos_n dolionis_n &_o dindymis_fw-la near_o the_o top_n whereof_o be_v the_o mountain_n dindymus_n when_o you_o be_v beyond_o cizycum_n you_o meet_v with_o these_o town_n beside_o placia_n ariaco_n scylacum_fw-la &_o behind_o they_o the_o hill_n olympus_n call_v sometime_o maesius_n also_o the_o city_n olympena_n the_o river_n horisius_fw-la and_o rhyndacus_n name_v heretofore_o lycus_n this_o river_n take_v his_o beginning_n in_o the_o marish_a or_o mere_a artynia_n near_o to_o miletopolis_n it_o receive_v into_o it_o marestos_n and_o many_o other_o and_o part_v asia_n from_o bythinia_n this_o region_n in_o ancient_a time_n be_v call_v cronia_n after_o thessalis_n then_o malianda_fw-mi and_o strymonis_fw-la all_o this_o nation_n of_o these_o quarter_n homer_n name_v halizone_n for_o that_o they_o be_v environ_v with_o the_o sea_n therein_o stand_v in_o old_a time_n a_o mighty_a great_a city_n name_v attusa_n at_o this_o day_n it_o have_v 15_o city_n among_o which_o be_v gordiu-come_a now_o call_v juliopolis_n and_o in_o the_o very_a coast_n upon_o the_o sea_n dascylos_n go_v further_o on_o and_o you_o meet_v with_o the_o river_n gebes_n and_o within_o the_o main_a the_o town_n helgas_n the_o same_o that_o 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the_o nâ—…ions_n beforenamed_n from_o the_o cape_n lectus_fw-la unto_o the_o river_n etheleus_fw-la it_o confront_v on_o the_o north_n side_n upon_o part_n of_o galatia_n southward_o it_o bound_v hard_o to_o lycaonia_n pisidia_n and_o mygdonia_n and_o on_o the_o east_n part_v it_o reach_v to_o cappadocia_n the_o town_n of_o great_a name_n beside_o those_o before_o rehearse_v be_v ancyra_n andria_n celaenae_n colossae_n carina_n cotiaion_n ceranae_fw-la iconium_n and_o midaion_n certain_a author_n i_o have_v who_o write_v that_o out_o of_o europe_n there_o come_v to_o inhabit_v these_o part_n the_o mysi_n bruges_n and_o thyni_n of_o who_o be_v descend_v and_o likewise_o name_v the_o mysian_n phrygian_n and_o bithynian_o and_o even_o here_o i_o think_v it_o good_a to_o write_v also_o of_o galatia_n which_o lie_v high_o than_o phrygia_n yet_o possess_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o plain_a country_n thereof_o yea_o and_o the_o capital_a place_n of_o it_o sometime_o call_v gordium_n they_o that_o inhabit_v and_o hold_v that_o quarter_n of_o phrygia_n be_v gaul_n call_v tolistobogi_n voturi_fw-la and_o ambitui_fw-la but_o they_o that_o occupy_v the_o country_n of_o maeonia_n and_o paphlagonia_n be_v name_v trochmi_n this_o region_n confront_v cappadocia_n on_o the_o north_n and_o east_n side_n and_o the_o most_o fruitful_a part_n thereof_o the_o tectosages_n and_o teutobodiaci_n keep_v in_o their_o possession_n and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o principal_a nation_n of_o this_o country_n as_o for_o the_o state_n tetrarchy_n and_o regiment_n there_o be_v in_o all_o 195._o the_o town_n be_v these_o of_o the_o tectosages_n ancura_n of_o the_o trochmi_n tavium_n of_o the_o tolistobogian_o pesinus_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v state_n of_o good_a account_n attalenses_n arasenses_n comenses_n dios_fw-es hieronitae_fw-la lystreni_fw-la neapolitani_n oeandense_n seleucenses_n sebasteni_fw-la timmoniacenses_fw-la and_o tebaseni_fw-la this_o galatia_n extend_v even_o as_o far_o as_o to_o gabalia_n and_o milyae_fw-la in_o pamphylia_n which_o be_v situate_a about_o baris_n also_o cyllaâ—…ticum_n and_o oroadicum_fw-la the_o march_n of_o pisidia_n likewise_o obigene_n part_n of_o lycaonia_n river_n there_o be_v in_o it_o beside_o those_o before_o name_v sangarium_fw-la and_o gallus_n of_o which_o river_n the_o geld_a priest_n of_o dame_n cybelae_fw-la mother_n of_o the_o god_n be_v name_v galli_n now_o it_o rest_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o town_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n yet_o i_o can_v overpasse_v prusa_n near_o to_o cios_n which_o lie_v far_o within_o the_o country_n of_o bythinia_n which_o hannibal_n found_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n olympus_n from_o prusa_n to_o nicaea_n be_v count_v 25_o mile_n in_o which_o way_n lie_v the_o lake_n ascanius_n between_o then_o come_v you_o to_o nicâ—…a_n in_o the_o very_a utmost_a part_n of_o the_o gulf_n ascanium_n which_o before_o be_v call_v olbia_n also_o to_o another_o prusa_n build_v under_o the_o mountain_n hippius_n once_o there_o be_v in_o this_o coast_n pythopolis_n partheâ—…opolis_n and_o coryphanta_n and_o now_o there_o be_v upon_o the_o sea_n side_n these_o river_n aesius_fw-la bryazon_n plataneus_fw-la areus_n siros_n gendos_fw-la name_v also_o chrysorrhoas_n the_o promontory_n also_o upon_o which_o stand_v the_o town_n megaricum_fw-la then_o the_o gulf_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v call_v craspedite_n for_o that_o that_o town_n before_o name_v stand_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o fold_n plait_n or_o nouke_v thereof_o sometime_o also_o there_o be_v the_o town_n astacum_fw-la whereupon_o the_o creek_n take_v the_o name_n of_o astacenus_fw-la moreover_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o town_n libyssa_n by_o report_n be_v plant_v there_o but_o now_o there_o remain_v nothing_o else_o to_o be_v see_v but_o the_o tomb_n of_o hannibal_n but_o in_o the_o inmost_a part_n of_o the_o gulf_n where_o it_o end_v there_o stand_v the_o goodly_a fair_a city_n of_o bythinia_n call_v nicomedia_n the_o cape_n leucatas_n which_o enclose_v the_o gulf_n astarenus_fw-la be_v from_o nicomedia_n 42_o mile_n and_o half_a be_v past_o this_o gulf_n the_o sea_n begin_v to_o straighten_v again_o and_o the_o land_n to_o meet_v near_o together_o and_o these_o straits_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o bosphorus_n in_o thracia_n upon_o these_o straits_n stand_v the_o free_a city_n chalcedon_n 72_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a from_o nicomedia_n beforetime_o it_o be_v call_v procerastis_n then_o compusa_n afterward_o the_o city_n of_o the_o blind_a for_o that_o they_o who_o found_v it_o be_v in_o a_o place_n but_o 7_o stadia_fw-la from_o byzantium_n where_o be_v a_o seat_n in_o all_o respect_n more_o commodious_a and_o fit_a for_o a_o city_n be_v so_o blind_a as_o not_o to_o choose_v it_o for_o the_o plot_n of_o chalcedon_n but_o within_o the_o firm_a land_n of_o bythinia_n be_v the_o colony_n apamena_n and_o there_o inhabit_v also_o the_o agrippense_n juliopolites_n and_o they_o of_o bithynium_n moreover_o for_o river_n you_o have_v syrium_fw-la lapsias_n pharmicas_fw-la alces_fw-la crynis_n lylaeus_fw-la scopius_fw-la hieras_n
dionysius_n send_v thither_o of_o purpose_n from_o philadelphus_n have_v make_v relation_n of_o the_o force_n which_o those_o nation_n be_v able_a to_o raise_v and_o maintain_v and_o yet_o further_o diligence_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v still_o in_o this_o behalf_n consider_v they_o write_v of_o thing_n there_o so_o diverse_a one_o from_o another_o and_o incredible_a withal_o they_o that_o accompany_v alexander_n the_o great_a in_o his_o indian_a voyage_n have_v testify_v in_o their_o write_n that_o in_o one_o quarter_n of_o india_n which_o he_o conquer_v there_o be_v of_o town_n 500_o in_o number_n and_o not_o one_o less_o than_o the_o city_n cos_n of_o several_a nation_n nine_o also_o that_o india_n be_v a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n &_o the_o same_o so_o well_o inhabit_v that_o the_o people_n in_o it_o be_v innumerable_a and_o this_o they_o say_v believe_v i_o not_o without_o good_a appearance_n of_o reason_n for_o the_o indian_n be_v in_o manner_n the_o only_a man_n of_o all_o other_o that_o never_o go_v out_o of_o their_o own_o country_n moreover_o it_o be_v say_v that_o from_o the_o time_n of_o bacchus_n unto_o alexander_n the_o great_a there_o reign_v over_o they_o sucessive_o 154_o king_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 5402_o year_n between_o and_o 3_o month_n over_o as_o for_o the_o river_n in_o that_o country_n they_o be_v of_o a_o wonderful_a bigness_n and_o report_v it_o be_v that_o alexander_n sail_v every_o day_n at_o the_o least_o 600_o stadia_fw-la upon_o the_o river_n indus_n and_o yet_o in_o less_o than_o five_o month_n and_o some_o few_o day_n over_o he_o can_v not_o come_v unto_o the_o end_n of_o that_o river_n and_o less_o it_o be_v than_o ganges_n by_o the_o confession_n of_o all_o man_n furthermore_o seneca_n a_o latin_a writer_n assay_v to_o write_v certain_a commentary_n of_o india_n wherein_o he_o have_v make_v report_n of_o 60_o river_n therein_o and_o of_o nation_n 120_o lack_v twain_o as_o great_a a_o labour_n it_o be_v to_o reckon_v up_o &_o number_v the_o mountain_n that_o be_v in_o it_o as_o for_o the_o hill_n imaus_n emodisus_fw-la paropamisus_n as_o part_n all_o and_o member_n of_o caucasus_n but_o one_o upon_o another_o and_o conjoin_v together_o and_o be_v past_o they_o you_o go_v down_o into_o a_o mighty_a large_a plain_a country_n like_v to_o egypt_n it_o remain_v now_o to_o show_v the_o continent_n and_o firm_a land_n of_o this_o great_a country_n and_o for_o the_o more_o evident_a demonstration_n let_v we_o follow_v the_o step_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o his_o historiographer_n diogneus_fw-la and_o beton_n who_o set_v down_o all_o the_o geast_n and_o journey_n of_o that_o prince_n have_v leave_v in_o writing_n that_o from_o the_o caspian_a port_n unto_o the_o city_n hecatompylos_n which_o be_v in_o parthia_n there_o be_v as_o many_o mile_n as_o we_o have_v set_v down_o already_o from_o thence_o to_o alexandria_n in_o the_o ariane_n country_n which_o city_n the_o same_o king_n found_v 562_o mile_n from_o whence_o to_o prophthasia_n in_o the_o dranganes_n land_n 199_o mile_n &_o so_o forward_o to_o the_o capitol_n town_n of_o the_o arachosian_o 515_o mile_n from_o thence_o to_o orthospanum_fw-la 250_o mile_n last_o of_o all_o from_o it_o to_o the_o city_n of_o alexandria_n in_o opianum_fw-la 50_o mile_n in_o some_o copy_n these_o number_n be_v find_v to_o vary_v and_o differ_v but_o to_o return_v to_o this_o foresay_a city_n scituat_fw-la it_o be_v at_o the_o very_a foot_n of_o caucasus_n from_o which_o to_o the_o river_n chepta_n and_o pencolaitis_n a_o town_n of_o the_o indian_n be_v count_v 227_o mile_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o river_n indus_n &_o the_o town_n tapila_n 60_o mile_n and_o so_o onward_o to_o the_o noble_a and_o famous_a river_n hidaspes_n 120_o mile_n from_o which_o to_o hypasis_n a_o river_n of_o no_o less_o account_n than_o the_o other_o 4900_o or_o 3900._o and_o there_o a_o end_n of_o alexander_n voyage_n howbeit_o he_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o bank_n he_o erect_v certain_a altar_n and_o pillar_n and_o there_o dedicate_v they_o the_o letter_n also_o of_o the_o king_n himself_o send_v back_o into_o greece_n do_v carry_v the_o like_a certificate_n of_o his_o journey_n and_o agree_v just_a herewith_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v discover_v &_o survey_v by_o seleucus_n nicator_n namely_o from_o thence_o to_o hesudrus_fw-la 168_o mile_n to_o the_o river_n joame_v as_o much_o &_o some_o copy_n add_v 5_o mile_n more_o thereto_o from_o thence_o to_o ganges_n 112_o mile_n to_o rhodapha_n 119_o &_o some_o say_v that_o between_o they_o two_o it_o be_v no_o less_o than_o 325_o mile_n from_o it_o to_o calinipaxa_n a_o great_a town_n 167_o mile_n &_o a_o half_a other_o say_v 265._o and_o so_o the_o confluent_a of_o the_o river_n jomanes_n &_o ganges_n where_o both_o meet_a together_o 225_o mile_n &_o many_o put_v thereto_o 13_o mile_n more_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o town_n palibotta_n 425_o mile_n &_o so_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o ganges_n where_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n 638_o mile_n as_o for_o the_o nation_n which_o it_o pain_v i_o not_o to_o name_v from_o the_o mountain_n emodi_n &_o the_o principal_a cape_n of_o they_o imaus_n which_o signify_v in_o that_o country_n language_n full_a of_o snow_n they_o be_v these_o the_o isari_fw-la cosyri_n izgi_n and_o upon_o the_o very_a mountain_n the_o ghisiotosagi_n also_o the_o brachmanae_fw-la a_o name_n common_a to_o many_o nation_n among_o who_o be_v the_o maccocalingae_n of_o river_n beside_o there_o be_v pinnace_n &_o cainas_fw-la the_o late_a of_o which_o twain_o run_v into_o ganges_n &_o both_o be_v navigable_a the_o people_n call_v calingae_n coast_n hard_a upon_o the_o sea_n but_o the_o mandei_n &_o malli_n among_o who_o be_v the_o mountain_n mallus_n be_v above_o they_o high_o in_o the_o country_n and_o to_o conclude_v than_o you_o come_v to_o ganges_n the_o far_a bind_v and_o point_n of_o all_o that_o tract_n india_n chap._n xviii_o ¶_o the_o river_n ganges_n many_o have_v be_v of_o opinion_n &_o so_o have_v write_v that_o the_o spring_n of_o ganges_n be_v uncertain_a like_a as_o that_o also_o of_o nilus_n and_o that_o he_o swell_v overflow_v and_o water_v all_o the_o country_n whereby_o he_o pass_v in_o the_o same_o sort_n that_o nilus_n do_v other_o again_o have_v say_v that_o it_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o scythia_n &_o how_o into_o it_o there_o run_v 19_o other_o great_a river_n of_o which_o over_o and_o above_o those_o beforenamed_a certain_a be_v navigable_a namely_o canucha_n vama_n erranoboa_n cosaogus_fw-la and_o sonus_n there_o be_v also_o that_o report_n that_o ganges_n present_o arise_v to_o a_o great_a bigness_n of_o his_o own_o source_n and_o spring_n and_o so_o break_v forth_o with_o great_a noise_n and_o violence_n as_o run_v down_o with_o a_o fall_n over_o craggy_a and_o stony_a rock_n and_o when_o he_o be_v once_o come_v into_o the_o flat_a plain_n and_o even_a country_n that_o he_o take_v up_o his_o lodging_n in_o a_o certain_a lake_n and_o then_o out_o of_o it_o carry_v a_o mild_a and_o gentle_a stream_n 8_o mile_n broad_a where_o it_o be_v narrow_a and_o 100_o stadia_fw-la over_o for_o the_o most_o part_n but_o 160_o where_o he_o be_v large_a but_o in_o no_o place_n under_o 20_o pace_n deep_a i._o a_o 100_o foot_n chap._n xix_o ¶_o the_o nation_n of_o india_n beyond_o the_o river_n nilus_n when_o you_o be_v over_o ganges_n the_o first_o region_n upon_o the_o coast_n that_o you_o set_v foot_n into_o be_v that_o of_o the_o gandaridae_fw-la and_o the_o calingae_n call_v parthalis_n the_o king_n of_o this_o country_n have_v in_o ordinance_n for_o his_o war_n 80000_o foot_n 1000_o horse_n and_o 700_o elephant_n ready_a upon_o a_o hour_n warning_n to_o march_v as_o for_o the_o other_o nation_n of_o the_o indian_n that_o live_v in_o the_o champion_n plain_a country_n there_o be_v diverse_a state_n of_o they_o 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which_o no_o dog_n will_v come_v willing_o and_o if_o any_o be_v put_v there_o they_o will_v never_o lin_v wander_v about_o the_o shore_n until_o they_o die_v in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a gulf_n be_v the_o leanites_n whereof_o the_o gulf_n take_v the_o name_n leanites_n their_o head_n seat_n and_o royal_a seat_n be_v agra_n but_o the_o city_n leana_n or_o as_o other_o will_v have_v it_o aelana_n be_v situate_a upon_o the_o very_a gulf_n and_o he_o reupon_o our_o writer_n have_v call_v that_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n aelaniticum_fw-la other_o aelenaticum_fw-la artemidorus_n aleniticum_fw-la and_o king_n juba_n laeniticum_fw-la arabia_n be_v report_v to_o take_v in_o circuit_n from_o charax_n to_o leana_n 4870_o mile_n but_o juba_n think_v it_o somewhat_o less_o than_o 4000_o wide_a it_o be_v in_o the_o north_n part_n between_o the_o town_n herous_a and_o chrace_n now_o it_o remain_v that_o we_o speak_v of_o other_o part_n within_o the_o midland_n thereof_o upon_o the_o nabataei_n the_o thimaneans_n do_v border_n after_o the_o description_n of_o the_o old_a geographer_n but_o at_o this_o day_n the_o tavenes_n suâ—…llenes_n and_o saracene_n their_o principal_a town_n be_v arra_n wherein_o be_v the_o great_a traffic_n and_o resort_v of_o merchant_n moreover_o the_o hemnate_v and_o analite_n who_o town_n be_v domada_n and_o erage_n also_o the_o thamusians_n with_o their_o town_n badanatha_n the_o carreans_n and_o their_o town_n chariati_n the_o achoali_n and_o a_o city_n of_o they_o phoda_n furthermore_o the_o minaei_n descend_v as_o some_o think_v from_o minos_n king_n of_o crete_n who_o city_n charmaei_fw-la have_v 14_o mile_n in_o compass_n other_o town_n likewise_o be_v there_o stand_v a_o far_o off_o and_o namely_o mariaba_n baramalacum_fw-la a_o town_n iwis_o of_o no_o mean_a account_n likewise_o carnon_n and_o ramei_fw-la who_o be_v think_v to_o come_v from_o rhadamanthus_n the_o brother_n of_o minos_n over_o and_o beside_o the_o homerite_n with_o their_o town_n massala_n the_o hamirei_n
they_o call_v medoe_v wherein_o stand_v the_o town_n asel_n and_o a_o four_o name_v garode_n like_v as_o the_o town_n also_o then_o along_o the_o bank_n of_o nilus_n be_v many_o town_n to_o wit_n navos_fw-la modunda_fw-la andabis_fw-la setundum_fw-la colligat_fw-la secande_v navectabe_n cumi_fw-la agrospi_n aegipa_n candrogari_fw-la araba_n and_o summara_n the_o region_n above_o sirbithim_n where_o the_o mountain_n do_v end_n be_v report_v to_o have_v upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n certain_a aethyopian_o call_v nisicastes_n and_o nisites_n that_o be_v to_o say_v man_n with_o three_o or_o four_o eye_n apiece_o not_o for_o that_o they_o be_v so_o eye_v indeed_o but_o because_o they_o be_v excellent_a archer_n &_o have_v a_o special_a good_a eye_n in_o aim_v at_o their_o mark_n which_o light_o they_o will_v not_o miss_v bion_n affirm_v moreover_o that_o from_o that_o clime_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o bear_v above_o the_o great_a syrtes_n &_o bend_v towards_o the_o south_n ocean_n sea_n they_o be_v call_v dalion_n to_o wit_n the_o cisorian_n and_o longopore_n who_o drink_n and_o use_v rain_n water_n only_o and_o beyond_o oecalice_n for_o five_o day_n journey_n the_o vsibalk_n isuelians_n pharuseans_n valians_n and_o cispians_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v nothing_o but_o desert_n not_o inhabit_v but_o then_o he_o tell_v fabulous_a and_o incredible_a tale_n of_o those_o country_n namely_o that_o westward_o there_o be_v people_n call_v nigroe_o who_o king_n have_v but_o one_o eye_n and_o that_o in_o the_o mid_n of_o his_o forehead_n also_o he_o talk_v of_o the_o agriophagi_n who_o live_v most_o of_o panther_n and_o lion_n flesh_n likewise_o of_o the_o pomphagi_n who_o eat_v all_o thing_n whatsoever_o moreover_o of_o the_o anthropophagi_n that_o feed_v on_o man_n flesh_n furthermore_o of_o the_o cynamolgi_n who_o have_v head_n like_o dog_n over_o and_o beside_o the_o artabatite_n who_o wander_v and_o go_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o forest_n like_o fourefooted_a savage_a 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manner_n do_v resolve_v upon_o this_o that_o between_o ocean_n and_o meroe_n it_o be_v 725_o mile_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o syene_n as_o much_o as_o we_o have_v set_v down_o before_o as_o for_o the_o positure_n and_o situation_n of_o ethyopia_n it_o lie_v southeast_n &_o south-west_n in_o the_o meridian_n south_n part_v thereof_o there_o be_v great_a wood_n of_o ebon_n especial_o always_o green_a towards_o the_o mid_n of_o this_o region_n there_o be_v a_o mighty_a high_a mountain_n look_v over_o the_o sea_n that_o burn_v continual_o which_o the_o greek_n call_v theon_n ochema_n i._o the_o chariot_n of_o the_o god_n from_o the_o which_o it_o be_v count_v four_o day_n journey_n by_o sea_n to_o the_o promontory_n or_o cape_n call_v hesperion-ceras_a which_o confine_n upon_o africa_n near_o to_o the_o hesperian_a ethyopian_o some_o writer_n hold_v that_o this_o tract_n be_v esperance_fw-fr beautify_v with_o pretty_a little_a hill_n and_o those_o pleasant_o clad_v &_o garnish_v with_o shadowy_a grove_n wherein_o the_o aegipane_n and_o satyr_n do_v converse_v chap._n xxxi_o the_o island_n in_o the_o aethyopian_a sea_n ephorus_n eudoxus_n and_o timosthenes_n do_v all_o agree_v in_o this_o that_o there_o be_v very_o many_o island_n in_o all_o that_o sea_n clitarchus_n witness_v that_o report_n be_v make_v to_o alexander_n the_o great_a of_o one_o above_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v so_o rich_a and_o well_o money_v that_o for_o a_o ordinary_a horse_n the_o inhabitant_n will_v not_o stick_v to_o give_v a_o talon_n of_o gold_n also_o of_o another_o wherein_o be_v find_v a_o sacred_a hill_n adorn_v with_o a_o goodly_a wood_n upon_o it_o where_o the_o tree_n distil_v and_o drop_v sweet_a water_n of_o a_o wonderful_a odoriferous_a smell_n moreover_o full_a against_o the_o persian_a gulf_n lie_v the_o isle_n name_v cerne_n opposite_a unto_o aethiopia_n but_o how_o large_a it_o be_v or_o how_o far_o off_o it_o bear_v into_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o continent_n be_v not_o certain_o know_v this_o only_a be_v report_v that_o the_o ethyopian_o and_o none_o but_o they_o be_v the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o ephorus_n write_v that_o they_o who_o will_v sail_v thither_o from_o the_o red_a sea_n be_v not_o able_a for_o extreme_a heat_n to_o pass_v beyond_o certain_a column_n or_o pillar_n for_o so_o they_o call_v the_o little_a isle_n there_o howbeit_o polybius_n avouch_v that_o this_o island_n cerne_n where_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o utmost_a coast_n of_o the_o mauritanian_a sea_n over-against_o the_o mountain_n atlas_n be_v but_o 8_o stadia_fw-la from_o the_o land_n and_o cornelius_n nepos_n affirm_v that_o likewise_o it_o be_v not_o above_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o land_n over_o against_o carthage_n &_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v not_o above_o two_o mile_n in_o circuit_n there_o be_v mention_v make_v also_o by_o author_n of_o another_o isle_n before_o the_o say_a mountain_n atlas_n name_v also_o thereupon_o atlantis_n and_o five_o day_n sail_v from_o it_o appear_v the_o desert_n of_o the_o ethyopian_a hesperian_o together_o with_o the_o foresay_a cape_n which_o we_o name_v hesperion-ceras_a where_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o land_n begin_v first_o to_o turn_v about_o their_o forefront_n to_o wind_v westward_o and_o regard_v the_o atlantic_a sea_n just_o over-against_o this_o cape_n as_o xenophon_n lampsacenus_n report_v lie_v the_o island_n call_v gorgates_o where_o sometime_o the_o gorgone_n keep_v their_o habitation_n and_o 2_o day_n sail_v they_o be_v think_v to_o be_v from_o the_o firm_a land_n hanno_n a_o great_a commander_n and_o general_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n land_v there_o with_o a_o army_n who_o make_v this_o report_n from_o thence_o that_o the_o woman_n be_v all_o over_o their_o body_n hairy_a as_o for_o the_o man_n he_o can_v not_o catch_v one_o of_o they_o so_o swift_a they_o be_v of_o foot_n that_o they_o escape_v out_o of_o all_o sight_n but_o he_o flay_v two_o of_o these_o gorgone_n woman_n and_o bring_v away_o their_o skin_n which_o for_o a_o testimonial_a of_o his_o be_v there_o and_o for_o a_o wonder_n to_o posterity_n he_o hang_v up_o in_o juno_n temple_n where_o they_o be_v see_v until_o carthage_n be_v win_v and_o sack_v beyond_o these_o isle_n there_o be_v by_o report_n two_o more_o discover_v by_o the_o name_n of_o hesperides_n but_o so_o uncertain_a be_v all_o the_o intelligence_n deliver_v concern_v these_o part_n that_o statius_n sebosus_n affirm_v that_o it_o be_v 40_o good_a day_n sail_v from_o the_o island_n of_o these_o gorgone_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o atlas_n unto_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o hesperide_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o hesperion-ceras_a but_o one_o as_o little_a resolution_n and_o certainty_n there_o be_v as_o touch_v the_o island_n of_o mauritania_n in_o this_o only_o they_o all_o jump_v and_o accord_v that_o k._n juba_n discover_v some_o few_o of_o they_o over-against_o the_o autolotes_n in_o which_o he_o mean_v and_o purpose_v to_o die_v gaetulian_n purple_a chap._n xxxii_o ¶_o of_o the_o island_n fortunatae_n or_o canary_n some_o author_n there_o be_v who_o think_v that_o the_o island_n fortunatae_fw-la and_o certain_a other_o beside_o they_o be_v beyond_o the_o antolotes_n among_o who_o the_o same_o sebosus_n above_o rehearse_v be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o speak_v of_o their_o distance_n and_o namely_o that_o the_o island_n junonia_n be_v from_o gades_n 750_o mile_n and_o that_o from_o it_o westward_o the_o isle_n pluvialia_n and_o capraria_n be_v as_o much_o also_o that_o in_o the_o island_n pluvialia_n there_o be_v no_o fresh_a water_n but_o only_o that_o which_o they_o have_v by_o shower_n of_o rain_n he_o say_v moreover_o that_o from_o they_o to_o the_o fortunate_a island_n be_v 250_o mile_n which_o lie_v 8_o mile_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o mauritania_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n call_v the_o coast_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o valley_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o that_o it_o be_v like_o a_o valley_n or_o
to_o make_v another_o fire_n hard_o by_o of_o dry_a vine_n cut_n and_o such_o like_a stick_n and_o so_o he_o be_v burn_v bare_a and_o naked_a as_o he_o be_v chap._n liiii_o ¶_o of_o burial_n or_o sepulture_n to_o burn_v the_o body_n of_o the_o dead_a have_v be_v no_o ancient_a custom_n among_o the_o roman_n the_o manner_n be_v in_o old_a time_n to_o inter_v they_o but_o after_o they_o be_v give_v once_o to_o understand_v that_o the_o corpse_n of_o man_n slay_v in_o the_o war_n afar_o off_o and_o bury_v in_o those_o part_n be_v take_v forth_o of_o the_o earth_n again_o ordain_v it_o be_v to_o burn_v they_o and_o yet_o many_o family_n keep_v they_o still_o to_o the_o old_a guise_n and_o ceremony_n of_o commit_v their_o dead_a to_o the_o earth_n as_o namely_o the_o house_n of_o the_o cornelij_n whereof_o there_o be_v not_o one_o by_o report_n burn_v before_o l._n sylla_n the_o dictator_n and_o he_o will_v it_o express_o and_o provide_v for_o it_o before_o hand_n for_o fear_v himself_o shall_v be_v so_o serve_v as_o c._n marius_n be_v who_o corpse_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v dig_v up_o after_o it_o be_v bury_v now_o in_o latin_a he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v sepultus_fw-la that_o be_v bestow_v or_o bury_v any_o way_n it_o make_v no_o matter_n how_o but_o humatus_fw-la proper_o who_o be_v inter_v only_o or_o commit_v to_o the_o earth_n chap._n lv._o ¶_o of_o the_o ghost_n or_o spirit_n of_o man_n depart_v after_o man_n be_v bury_v great_a diversity_n there_o be_v in_o opinion_n what_o be_v become_v of_o their_o soul_n &_o ghost_n wander_v some_o this_o way_n and_o other_o that_z but_o this_o be_v general_o hold_v that_o in_o what_o estate_n they_o be_v before_o man_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o same_o they_o remain_v when_o they_o be_v dead_a for_o neither_o body_n nor_o soul_n have_v any_o more_o sense_n after_o our_o die_a day_n than_o they_o have_v before_o the_o day_n of_o our_o nativity_n but_o such_o be_v the_o folly_n &_o vanity_n of_o man_n that_o it_o extend_v still_o even_o to_o the_o future_a time_n yea_o and_o in_o the_o very_a time_n of_o death_n flatter_v itself_o with_o fond_a imagination_n and_o dream_v of_o i_o know_v not_o what_o life_n after_o this_o for_o some_o attribute_n immortality_n to_o the_o soul_n other_o devise_v a_o certain_a transfiguration_n thereof_o &_o there_o be_v again_o who_o suppose_v that_o the_o ghost_n sequester_v from_o the_o body_n have_v sense_n whereupon_o they_o do_v they_o honour_n and_o worship_n make_v a_o god_n of_o he_o that_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o man_n as_o if_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n breathe_v differ_v from_o that_o in_o other_o live_a creature_n or_o as_o if_o there_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v many_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n that_o live_v much_o long_o than_o man_n and_o yet_o no_o man_n judge_v in_o they_o the_o like_a immortality_n but_o show_v i_o what_o be_v the_o substance_n and_o body_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o soul_n by_o itself_o what_o kind_n of_o matter_n be_v it_o apart_o from_o the_o body_n where_o lie_v her_o cogitation_n that_o she_o have_v how_o be_v her_o see_v how_o be_v her_o hear_n perform_v what_o touch_v she_o nay_o what_o do_v she_o at_o all_o how_o be_v she_o employ_v or_o if_o there_o be_v in_o she_o none_o of_o all_o this_o what_o goodness_n can_v there_o be_v without_o the_o same_o but_o i_o will_v know_v where_o she_o settle_v and_o have_v her_o abide_a place_n after_o her_o departure_n from_o the_o body_n and_o what_o a_o infinite_a multitude_n of_o soul_n like_o shadow_n will_v there_o be_v in_o so_o many_o age_n as_o well_o past_a as_o to_o come_v now_o sure_o these_o be_v but_o fantastical_a foolish_a and_o childish_a toy_n devise_v by_o man_n that_o will_v faâ—…ne_o live_v always_o and_o never_o make_v a_o end_n the_o like_a foolery_n there_o be_v in_o preserve_v the_o body_n of_o dead_a man_n &_o the_o vanity_n of_o democritus_n be_v no_o less_o who_o promise_v a_o resurrection_n thereof_o and_o yet_o himself_o can_v never_o rise_v again_o and_o what_o a_o folly_n be_v this_o of_o all_o folly_n to_o think_v in_o a_o mischief_n that_o death_n shall_v be_v the_o way_n to_o a_o second_o life_n what_o repose_n and_o rest_n shall_v ever_o man_n have_v that_o be_v bear_v of_o a_o woman_n if_o their_o soul_n shall_v remain_v in_o heaven_n above_o with_o sense_n while_o their_o shadow_n tarry_v beneath_o among_o the_o infernal_a wight_n certes_o these_o sweet_a inducement_n and_o please_a persuasion_n this_o foolish_a credulity_n and_o light_a belief_n mar_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o best_a gift_n of_o nature_n to_o wit_n death_n it_o double_v beside_o the_o pain_n of_o a_o man_n that_o be_v to_o die_v if_o he_o happen_v to_o think_v and_o consider_v what_o shall_v betide_v he_o the_o time_n to_o come_v for_o if_o it_o be_v sweet_a and_o pleasant_a to_o live_v what_o pleasure_n and_o contentment_n can_v one_o have_v that_o have_v once_o live_v and_o now_o do_v not_o but_o how_o much_o more_o ease_n and_o great_a security_n be_v it_o for_o each_o man_n to_o believe_v himself_o in_o this_o point_n to_o gather_v reason_n and_o to_o ground_v his_o resolution_n and_o assurance_n upon_o the_o experience_n that_o he_o have_v before_o he_o be_v bear_v chap._n lvi_o ¶_o the_o first_o inventor_n of_o diverse_a thing_n before_o we_o depart_v from_o this_o discourse_n of_o man_n nature_n i_o think_v it_o be_v meet_v and_o convenient_a to_o show_v their_o sundry_a invention_n and_o what_o each_o man_n have_v devise_v in_o this_o world_n in_o the_o first_o place_n prince_n bacchus_n bring_v up_o buy_v and_o sell_v he_o it_o be_v also_o that_o devise_v the_o diadem_n that_o royal_a ensign_n and_o ornament_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o triumph_n dame_n ceres_n be_v the_o first_o that_o show_v the_o way_n of_o sow_a corn_n whereas_o beforetime_n man_n live_v of_o mast_n she_o teach_v also_o how_o to_o grind_v corn_n to_o knead_v dough_n and_o make_v bread_n thereof_o in_o the_o land_n of_o attica_n italy_n and_o sicily_n for_o which_o benefit_n to_o mankind_n repute_v she_o be_v a_o goddess_n she_o it_o be_v that_o begin_v to_o make_v law_n howsoever_o other_o have_v think_v that_o rhadamanthus_n be_v the_o first_o law_n giver_n as_o for_o letter_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o they_o be_v in_o assyria_n from_o the_o beginning_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n but_o some_o think_v and_o namely_o gellius_n that_o they_o be_v devise_v by_o mercury_n in_o egypt_n but_o other_o say_v they_o come_v first_o from_o syria_n true_a it_o be_v that_o cadmus_n bring_v with_o he_o into_o greece_n from_o phoenicia_n to_o the_o number_n of_o sixteen_o unto_o which_o palamedes_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trojan_a war_n add_v four_o more_o in_o these_o character_n follow_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o after_o he_o simonides_n melicus_n come_v with_o other_o four_o to_o wit_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o force_n of_o all_o which_o letter_n we_o acknowledge_v and_o see_v evident_o express_v in_o our_o latin_a alphabet_n aristotle_n be_v rather_o of_o mind_n that_o there_o be_v 18_o letter_n in_o the_o greek_a alphabet_n from_o the_o beginning_n namely_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o that_o the_o other_o two_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o and_o x._o be_v set_v to_o by_o epicharmus_n and_o not_o by_o palamedes_n anticlides_n write_v that_o one_o in_o egypt_n name_v menon_n be_v the_o inventor_n of_o letter_n fifteen_o year_n before_o the_o time_n of_o phoroneus_n the_o most_o ancient_a king_n of_o greece_n and_o he_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v the_o same_o by_o ancient_a record_n and_o monument_n out_o of_o history_n contrariwise_o epigenes_n a_o author_n as_o renown_v and_o of_o as_o good_a credit_n as_o any_o other_o sheweth_z that_o among_o the_o babylonian_n there_o be_v find_v ephemerides_n contain_v the_o observation_n of_o the_o star_n for_o 720_o year_n write_v in_o brick_n and_o tile_n and_o they_o that_o speak_v of_o least_o to_o wit_n berosus_n and_o critodemus_n report_v the_o like_a for_o 480_o year_n whereby_o it_o appear_v evident_o that_o letter_n be_v always_o in_o use_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n the_o first_o that_o bring_v the_o alphabet_n into_o latium_n or_o italy_n be_v the_o pelasgian_n euryalus_n and_o hyperbius_n two_o brethren_n at_o athens_n cause_v the_o first_o brick_n and_o tile-kils_a yea_o and_o house_n thereof_o to_o be_v make_v whereas_o before_o their_o time_n man_n dwell_v in_o hole_n and_o cave_n within_o the_o ground_n gellius_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o doxius_n the_o son_n of_o coelus_n devise_v the_o first_o house_n that_o be_v make_v of_o earth_n and_o cley_n take_v his_o pattern_n from_o swallow_n and_o martin_n nest_n cecrops_n
haifer_n approach_v near_o unto_o they_o they_o will_v stand_v gaze_v at_o 〈◊〉_d and_o never_o regard_v the_o hunter_n near_o by_o or_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o spy_v he_o they_o will_v look_v at_o his_o very_a bow_n and_o sheiâ—…e_v of_o arrow_n as_o at_o strange_a and_o wondrous_a thing_n they_o pass_v the_o sea_n swim_v by_o flock_n and_o whole_a herd_n in_o a_o long_a row_n each_o one_o rest_v his_o head_n upon_o the_o buttock_n of_o his_o fellow_n next_o before_o he_o and_o this_o they_o do_v in_o course_n so_o as_o the_o foremost_a retire_v behind_o to_o the_o hindmost_a by_o turn_v one_o after_o another_o and_o this_o be_v ordinary_o observe_v by_o those_o sailor_n that_o pass_v from_o cilicia_n to_o cypress_n and_o yet_o in_o their_o swim_n they_o descry_v no_o land_n by_o the_o eye_n but_o only_o by_o their_o smell_a have_v a_o aim_n thereat_o the_o male_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v horn_v and_o they_o above_o all_o other_o live_v creature_n cast_v they_o every_o year_n once_o at_o a_o certain_a time_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n a_o little_a before_o the_o very_a day_n of_o their_o mew_a they_o seek_v the_o most_o secret_a corner_n and_o most_o out_o of_o the_o way_n in_o the_o whole_a forest_n when_o they_o be_v pollard_n they_o keep_v close_o hide_v as_o if_o they_o be_v disarm_v and_o all_o this_o they_o do_v as_o if_o they_o envy_v that_o man_n shall_v have_v good_a of_o any_o thing_n that_o they_o have_v and_o in_o very_a truth_n the_o right_a horn_n they_o say_v can_v never_o be_v find_v as_o if_o it_o have_v some_o rare_a and_o singular_a virtue_n in_o physic_n a_o strange_a and_o marvelous_a thing_n consider_v that_o in_o the_o park_n they_o change_v they_o every_o year_n insomuch_o as_o it_o be_v think_v very_o that_o they_o hide_v they_o within_o the_o earth_n but_o burn_v whether_o of_o they_o you_o will_v the_o left_a as_o well_o as_o the_o right_n this_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o smell_n and_o perfume_v thereof_o drive_v serpent_n away_o and_o discover_v they_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o fit_n of_o the_o fall_a disease_n a_o man_n may_v also_o know_v their_o age_n by_o their_o head_n for_o every_o year_n they_o have_v one_o knag_fw-mi or_o branch_n more_o in_o their_o horn_n than_o before_o until_o they_o come_v to_o six_o after_o which_o time_n they_o come_v new_a ever_o alike_o so_o as_o their_o age_n can_v be_v discern_v any_o more_o by_o the_o head_n but_o the_o mark_n be_v take_v by_o their_o mouth_n and_o tooth_n for_o as_o they_o grow_v in_o age_n they_o have_v few_o or_o no_o tooth_n at_o all_o ne_o yet_o grow_v the_o branch_n out_o at_o the_o root_n whereas_o all_o the_o while_o they_o be_v young_a they_o use_v to_o have_v they_o break_v forth_o and_o stand_v out_o at_o the_o very_a forehead_n after_o they_o be_v geld_v once_o neither_o cast_v they_o their_o horn_n which_o they_o have_v before_o neither_o grow_v there_o any_o if_o they_o have_v none_o when_o they_o be_v lib_v at_o the_o first_o when_o they_o break_v out_o again_o like_v they_o be_v to_o the_o glandule_n or_o kernel_n of_o dry_a skin_n that_o new_o put_v forth_o then_o grow_v they_o with_o tender_a stalk_n into_o certain_a round_n and_o long_a knob_n of_o the_o reed_n mace_n cover_v all_o over_o with_o a_o certain_a soft_a plume_n down_o like_o velvet_n so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v destitute_a of_o their_o horn_n and_o perceive_v their_o head_n naked_a they_o go_v forth_o to_o relief_n by_o night_n and_o as_o they_o grow_v big_a and_o big_a they_o harden_v they_o in_o the_o hot_a sun_n estsoons_o make_v proof_n of_o they_o against_o tree_n and_o when_o they_o perceive_v once_o that_o they_o be_v tough_a and_o strong_a enough_o than_o they_o go_v abroad_o bold_o and_o certain_o some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v take_v with_o green_a ivy_n stick_v fast_o and_o grow_a in_o their_o horn_n remain_v there_o since_o the_o time_n that_o they_o run_v they_o when_o they_o be_v but_o tender_a against_o some_o tree_n for_o trial_n whether_o they_o be_v good_a or_o no_o and_o so_o chance_v to_o race_n the_o ivy_n from_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o tree_n you_o shall_v have_v they_o sometime_o white_a of_o colour_n and_o such_o a_o one_o be_v the_o hind_n that_o q._n sertorius_n have_v about_o which_o he_o persuade_v the_o people_n of_o spain_n to_o be_v his_o soothsayer_n &_o to_o tell_v he_o of_o thing_n to_o come_v this_o kind_n of_o deer_n maintain_v fight_v with_o serpent_n and_o be_v their_o mortal_a enemy_n they_o will_v follow_v they_o to_o their_o very_a hole_n and_o there_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o draw_v and_o snuff_v up_o their_o wind_n at_o the_o nostril_n force_v they_o out_o whether_o they_o will_v or_o no_o and_o therefore_o there_o be_v not_o so_o good_a a_o thing_n again_o to_o chase_v away_o serpent_n as_o be_v the_o smoke_n and_o smell_v of_o a_o heart_n horn_n burn_v but_o against_o their_o sting_n or_o bite_n there_o be_v a_o singular_a remedy_n with_o the_o rennet_n in_o the_o maw_n of_o a_o fawn_n or_o hind-calfe_n kill_v in_o the_o dam_n belly_n it_o be_v general_o hold_v and_o confess_v that_o the_o stag_n or_o hind_n live_v long_o for_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o alexander_n the_o great_a some_o be_v take_v with_o golden_a collar_n about_o their_o neck_n overgrow_v now_o with_o hair_n and_o grow_v within_o the_o skin_n which_o collar_n the_o say_a king_n have_v do_v upon_o they_o this_o creature_n of_o all_o disease_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o fever_n but_o he_o be_v good_a to_o cure_v it_o i_o have_v know_v great_a lady_n and_o dame_n of_o state_n use_v every_o morning_n to_o eat_v the_o venison_n of_o red_a deer_n and_o thereby_o to_o have_v live_v a_o great_a age_n and_o never_o have_v the_o ague_n but_o it_o be_v think_v this_o be_v a_o certain_a remedy_n and_o never_o fail_v in_o case_n the_o stag_n be_v strike_v stark_o dead_a at_o once_o with_o one_o wound_n and_o no_o more_o chap._n xxxiii_o ¶_o of_o the_o shag-haired_a and_o beard_a stag_n like_a to_o a_o goat_n as_o also_o of_o the_o chameleon_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n be_v the_o goat_n hart_n and_o differ_v only_o in_o the_o beard_n and_o long_o shag_a about_o the_o shoulder_n which_o they_o call_v tragelaphis_n and_o this_o breed_v no_o where_o but_o about_o the_o river_n phasis_n africa_n in_o a_o manner_n be_v the_o only_a country_n that_o breed_v no_o stag_n and_o hind_n but_o contrariwise_o it_o bring_v chamaeleon_n although_o india_n have_v they_o ordinary_o in_o great_a number_n in_o shape_n and_o quantity_n it_o be_v make_v like_o a_o lisard_n but_o that_o it_o stand_v high_a and_o straight_a than_o the_o lisard_n do_v upon_o his_o leg_n the_o side_n flank_n and_o belly_n meet_v together_o as_o in_o fish_n it_o have_v likewise_o sharp_a prickle_n bear_v out_o upon_o the_o back_n as_o they_o have_v snout_v it_o be_v for_o the_o bigness_n not_o unlike_a to_o a_o swine_n with_o a_o very_a long_a tail_n thin_a and_o point_a at_o the_o end_n wind_v round_o and_o entangle_v like_o to_o viper_n hook_a claw_n it_o have_v and_o go_v slow_a as_o do_v the_o tortoise_n his_o body_n and_o skin_n be_v rough_a and_o scaly_a as_o the_o crocodile_n his_o eye_n stand_v hollow_a within_o his_o head_n &_o those_o be_v exceed_v great_a one_o near_o unto_o the_o other_o with_o a_o very_a small_a portion_n between_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v he_o be_v always_o open_o eye_v and_o never_o close_v they_o he_o look_v about_o he_o not_o by_o move_v the_o ball_n of_o his_o eye_n but_o by_o turn_v the_o whole_a body_n thereof_o he_o gape_v evermore_o aloft_o into_o the_o air_n and_o be_v the_o only_a creature_n alive_a that_o feed_v neither_o of_o meat_n nor_o drink_n but_o have_v his_o nourishment_n of_o air_n only_o about_o wild_a figtree_n he_o be_v fell_a and_o dangerous_a otherwise_o harmless_a but_o his_o colour_n natural_o be_v very_o strange_a and_o wonderful_a for_o ever_o and_o anon_o he_o change_v it_o as_o well_o in_o his_o eye_n as_o tail_n and_o whole_a body_n beside_o and_o look_v what_o colour_n he_o touch_v next_o the_o same_o always_o he_o resemble_v unless_o it_o be_v red_a and_o white_a when_o he_o be_v dead_a he_o look_v pale_a and_o wan_a very_o little_a flesh_n he_o have_v in_o head_n and_o chaw_v and_o about_o the_o joint_a where_o his_o tail_n be_v graff_v to_o his_o rump_n but_o in_o all_o the_o body_n beside_o none_o at_o all_o all_o his_o blood_n be_v in_o his_o heart_n and_o about_o his_o eye_n among_o other_o his_o bowel_n he_o be_v without_o a_o spleen_n hide_a he_o lie_v all_o winter_n long_o as_o lisard_n do_v chap
like_a happen_v in_o a_o lake_n of_o thessaly_n name_v sicendus_fw-la in_o italy_n the_o hardy_a shrew_n be_v venomous_a in_o their_o bite_n but_o pass_v over_o the_o apennine_a once_o there_o be_v no_o more_o such_o to_o be_v find_v in_o what_o country_n soever_o they_o be_v let_v they_o go_v over_o the_o tract_n of_o a_o cart_n wheel_n they_o die_v present_o in_o olympus_n a_o mountain_n of_o macedony_n there_o be_v no_o wolf_n ne_o yet_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o candy_n and_o there_o very_o be_v to_o be_v find_v no_o fox_n nor_o bear_n and_o in_o one_o word_n no_o hurtful_a or_o noisome_a beast_n unless_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o spider_n call_v phalangium_n whereof_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o in_o due_a time_n and_o place_n and_o that_o which_o be_v more_o wonderful_a in_o the_o same_o isle_n there_o be_v no_o stag_n or_o hind_n save_v only_o in_o the_o region_n and_o quarter_n of_o the_o cydoniates_n no_o wild_a bore_n likewise_o nor_o the_o fowl_n call_v the_o godwit_n or_o attagene_n ne_o yet_o urchin_n to_o conclude_v in_o africa_a you_o shall_v find_v no_o wild_a bore_n no_o stag_n and_o hind_n no_o roe-buck_n and_o do_v ne_o yet_o bear_v chap._n lix_n ¶_o what_o creature_n be_v hurtful_a to_o stranger_n now_o some_o live_a creature_n there_o be_v that_o do_v no_o harm_n at_o all_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o same_o country_n but_o kill_v all_o stranger_n namely_o certain_a serpent_n in_o tirinthe_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o breed_v of_o themselves_o out_o of_o the_o very_a earth_n semblable_o in_o syria_n there_o be_v snake_n and_o special_o along_o the_o bank_n of_o euphrates_n that_o will_v not_o touch_v the_o syrian_n lie_v along_o asleep_a nay_o if_o a_o man_n that_o lean_v upon_o they_o be_v sting_v or_o bite_v by_o they_o he_o shall_v find_v no_o hurt_n or_o mischief_n thereby_o but_o to_o man_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v most_o spiteful_o bend_v they_o they_o will_v with_o great_a greediness_n eager_o assail_v and_o fly_v upon_o yea_o and_o kill_v they_o with_o extreme_a pain_n and_o anguish_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o syrian_n destroy_v they_o not_o contrariwise_o aristotle_n report_v that_o in_o latmos_n a_o mountain_n in_o caria_n the_o scorpion_n will_v do_v no_o harm_n to_o stranger_n marry_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o same_o country_n they_o will_v sting_v to_o death_n now_o let_v we_o proceed_v to_o other_o live_a creature_n beside_o those_o of_o the_o land_n and_o discourse_n of_o their_o sundry_a sort_n and_o kind_n the_o nine_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o nature_n write_v by_o c._n plinius_n secundus_fw-la chap._n i._n ¶_o the_o nature_n of_o water_n creature_n i_o have_v thus_o show_v the_o nature_n of_o those_o beast_n that_o live_v upon_o the_o land_n and_o therein_o have_v some_o society_n &_o fellowship_n with_o man_n and_o consider_v that_o of_o all_o other_o beside_o in_o the_o world_n they_o that_o fly_v be_v the_o least_o we_o will_v first_o treat_v of_o those_o fish_n that_o keep_v in_o the_o sea_n not_o forget_v those_o also_o either_o in_o run_v fresh_a river_n or_o stand_a lake_n chap._n ii_o ¶_o what_o the_o reason_n be_v why_o the_o sea_n shall_v breed_v the_o great_a live_a creature_n the_o water_n bring_v forth_o more_o store_n of_o live_a creature_n and_o the_o same_o great_a than_o the_o land_n the_o cause_n whereof_o be_v evident_a even_o the_o excessive_a abundance_n of_o moisture_n as_o for_o the_o foul_n &_o bird_n who_o live_v hang_v as_o it_o be_v &_o hover_v in_o the_o air_n their_o case_n be_v otherwise_o now_o in_o the_o sea_n be_v so_o wide_o so_o large_a and_o open_a ready_a to_o receive_v from_o heaven_n above_o the_o genital_a seed_n and_o cause_n of_o generation_n be_v so_o soft_a and_o pliable_a so_o proper_a &_o fit_a to_o yield_v nourishment_n and_o increase_n assist_v also_o by_o nature_n which_o be_v nover_o idle_a but_o always_o frame_v one_o new_a creature_n or_o other_o no_o marvel_n it_o be_v if_o there_o be_v find_v so_o many_o strange_a and_o monstrous_a thing_n as_o there_o be_v for_o the_o seed_n and_o universal_a element_n of_o the_o world_n be_v so_o interlace_v sundry_a way_n and_o mingle_a one_o within_o another_o partly_o by_o the_o blow_n of_o the_o wind_n and_o partly_o with_o the_o roll_a and_o agation_n of_o the_o wave_n insomuch_o as_o it_o may_v true_o be_v say_v according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a opinion_n that_o whatsoever_o be_v engender_v and_o breed_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n beside_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o many_o more_o thing_n in_o it_o which_o no_o where_o else_o be_v to_o be_v see_v for_o there_o shall_v you_o meet_v with_o fish_n resemble_v not_o only_o the_o form_n and_o shape_n of_o land_n creature_n live_v but_o also_o the_o figure_n and_o fashion_n of_o many_o thing_n without_o life_n there_o may_v one_o see_v bunch_n of_o grape_n sword_n and_o sawes_z represent_v yea_o and_o also_o cowâ—…umbers_n which_o for_o colour_n smell_v and_o taste_v resemble_v those_o grow_n upon_o the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o we_o need_v the_o less_o to_o wonder_v if_o in_o so_o little_a shell_n fish_n as_o be_v cockle_n there_o be_v somewhat_o stand_v out_o like_a horsehead_n chap._n iii_o ¶_o of_o the_o monstrous_a fish_n in_o the_o indian_a sea_n the_o indian_a sea_n breed_v the_o most_o and_o big_a fish_n that_o be_v among_o which_o the_o whale_n and_o whirlpool_n call_v balaenae_fw-la take_v up_o in_o length_n as_o much_o as_o four_o acre_n or_o arpen_v of_o land_n likewise_o the_o priste_n be_v two_o hundred_o cubit_n long_o and_o no_o marvel_n since_o locust_n be_v there_o to_o be_v find_v of_o four_o cubit_n in_o length_n and_o yeele_v within_o the_o river_n ganges_n of_o thirty_o foot_n in_o length_n but_o these_o monstrous_a fish_n in_o the_o sea_n be_v most_o to_o be_v see_v about_o the_o midst_n of_o summer_n &_o when_o the_o day_n be_v at_o the_o long_a with_o us._n for_o then_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o whirlwind_n storm_n wind_n and_o bluster_a tempest_n which_o come_v with_o violence_n down_o from_o the_o mountain_n and_o promontory_n the_o sea_n be_v trouble_v from_o the_o very_a bottom_n and_o turn_v upside_o down_o whereupon_o the_o surge_a billow_n thereof_o raise_v these_o monster_n out_o of_o the_o deep_a and_o roll_v they_o up_o to_o be_v see_v for_o in_o that_o manner_n so_o great_a a_o multitude_n of_o tunny_n be_v discover_v and_o arise_v that_o the_o whole_a armada_n of_o king_n alexander_n the_o great_a see_v they_o come_v like_a to_o a_o army_n of_o enemy_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n be_v drive_v to_o range_v &_o make_v head_n against_o they_o close_o unite_v together_o for_o otherwise_o if_o they_o have_v sail_v scatter_v asunder_o there_o have_v be_v no_o way_n to_o escape_v but_o overturn_v they_o have_v be_v with_o such_o a_o force_n and_o sway_n come_v these_o tunny_n in_o a_o skull_n upon_o they_o and_o very_o no_o voice_n cry_v holla_v and_o hout_v no_o nor_o any_o blow_n and_o rap_v affright_v this_o kind_n of_o fish_n only_o at_o some_o crack_n or_o crash_a noise_n they_o be_v terrify_v and_o never_o be_v they_o trouble_v and_o disquiet_v so_o much_o as_o when_o they_o perceive_v some_o huge_a thing_n ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o red_a sea_n there_o lie_v a_o great_a demie_fw-fr island_n name_v cadara_n so_o far_o out_o into_o the_o sea_n that_o it_o make_v a_o huge_a gulf_n under_o the_o wind_n which_o king_n ptolomaeus_n be_v 12_o day_n and_o 12_o night_n a_o row_v through_o forasmuch_o as_o there_o be_v no_o wind_n at_o all_o use_n to_o blow_v there_o in_o this_o creek_n so_o close_o and_o quiet_a there_o be_v fish_n and_o whale_n grow_v to_o that_o bigness_n that_o for_o their_o very_a weight_n and_o unweldine_n of_o their_o body_n they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o stir_v the_o admiral_n and_o other_o captain_n of_o the_o fleet_n of_o the_o foresay_a alexander_n the_o great_a make_v report_n that_o the_o gedrosi_n a_o people_n dwell_v upon_o the_o river_n arbis_n use_v to_o make_v of_o such_o fish_n chaw_v the_o door_n of_o their_o house_n also_o that_o they_o lay_v their_o bone_n overthwart_o from_o one_o side_n of_o the_o house_n to_o another_o in_o stead_n of_o beam_n joist_n and_o rafter_n to_o bear_v up_o their_o floor_n and_o roufe_n and_o that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v forty_o cubit_n long_o in_o those_o part_n there_o be_v find_v in_o the_o sea_n certain_a strange_a beast_n like_o sheep_n which_o go_v forth_o to_o land_n feed_v upon_o the_o root_n of_o plant_n and_o herb_n and_o then_o return_v again_o into_o the_o sea_n other_o also_o which_o be_v head_v like_o horse_n ass_n and_o bull_n and_o those_o many_o
their_o time_n to_o lay_v for_o they_o and_o to_o entrap_v they_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o mullet_n for_o their_o part_n immediate_o make_v speed_n to_o recover_v the_o deep_a which_o they_o do_v very_o soon_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o channel_n be_v near_o at_o hand_n and_o their_o only_a haste_n be_v for_o this_o to_o escape_v and_o pass_v that_o narrow_a place_n which_o afford_v opportunity_n to_o the_o fisher_n to_o stretch_v out_o and_o spread_v their_o net_n the_o fisherman_n be_v ware_n thereof_o and_o all_o the_o people_n beside_o for_o the_o multitude_n know_v when_o fish_v time_n be_v come_v run_v thither_o and_o the_o rather_o for_o to_o see_v the_o pleasant_a sport_n cry_v as_o loud_a â—…s_n ever_o they_o can_v to_o the_o dolphin_n for_o aid_n &_o call_v simo_n simo_n to_o help_v to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o this_o their_o game_n and_o pastime_n of_o fish_v the_o dolphin_n soon_o get_v the_o ear_n of_o their_o cry_n and_o know_v what_o they_o will_v have_v and_o the_o better_a if_o the_o north-wind_n blow_v and_o carry_v the_o sound_n unto_o they_o for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o southern_a wind_n it_o be_v late_a ere_o the_o voice_n be_v hear_v because_o it_o be_v against_o they_o howbeit_o be_v the_o wind_n in_o what_o corner_n soever_o the_o dolphin_n resort_n thither_o flock-meale_n soon_o than_o a_o man_n will_v think_v for_o to_o assist_v they_o in_o their_o fish_n and_o a_o wondrous_a pleasant_a sight_n it_o be_v to_o behold_v the_o squadron_n as_o it_o be_v of_o those_o dolphin_n how_o quick_o they_o take_v their_o place_n and_o be_v araunge_v in_o battle_n array_n even_o against_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o the_o say_a pool_n where_o the_o mullet_n use_v to_o shoot_v into_o the_o sea_n to_o see_v i_o say_v how_o from_o the_o sea_n they_o oppose_v themselves_o and_o fight_v against_o they_o and_o drive_v the_o mullet_n once_o affright_v and_o skare_v from_o the_o deep_a upon_o the_o shelf_n then_o come_v the_o fisher_n and_o beset_v they_o with_o net_n and_o toil_n which_o they_o bear_v up_o and_o fortify_v with_o strong_a fork_n howbeit_o for_o all_o that_o the_o mullet_n be_v so_o quick_a &_o nimble_a that_o a_o number_n of_o they_o whip_v over_o get_v away_o and_o escape_v the_o net_n but_o the_o dolphin_n than_o be_v ready_a to_o receive_v they_o who_o content_v themselves_o for_o the_o present_a to_o kill_v only_o make_v foul_a work_n and_o havoc_n among_o they_o &_o put_v off_o the_o time_n of_o prey_v and_o feed_v upon_o until_o they_o have_v end_v the_o battle_n &_o achieve_v the_o victory_n and_o now_o the_o skirmish_n be_v hot_a for_o the_o dolphin_n also_o perceive_v also_o the_o man_n at_o work_n be_v the_o more_o egre_n and_o courageous_a in_o fight_n take_v pleasure_n to_o be_v enclose_v within_o the_o net_n and_o so_o most_o valiant_o charge_v upon_o the_o mullet_n but_o for_o fear_v lest_o the_o same_o shall_v give_v a_o occasion_n unto_o the_o enemy_n &_o provoke_v they_o to_o retire_v and_o sly_a back_n between_o the_o boat_n the_o net_n and_o the_o man_n there_o swim_v they_o glide_v by_o so_o gentle_o and_o easy_o that_o it_o can_v be_v see_v where_o they_o get_v out_o and_o albeit_o they_o take_v great_a delight_n in_o leap_v &_o have_v the_o cast_n of_o it_o yet_o none_o assay_v to_o get_v forth_o but_o where_o the_o net_n lie_v under_o they_o but_o no_o soon_o be_v they_o out_o but_o present_o a_o man_n shall_v see_v brave_a pastime_n between_o they_o as_o they_o scuffle_v &_o skirmish_v as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o rampire_n and_o so_o the_o conflict_n be_v end_v and_o all_o the_o fish_n sport_n do_v the_o dolphin_n fall_n to_o spoil_v and_o eat_v those_o which_o they_o kill_v in_o the_o first_o shock_n and_o encounter_v but_o after_o this_o service_n perform_v the_o dolphin_n retire_v not_o present_o into_o the_o deep_a again_o from_o whence_o they_o be_v call_v but_o stay_v until_o the_o morrow_n as_o if_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o they_o have_v so_o carry_v themselves_o as_o that_o they_o deserve_v a_o better_a reward_n than_o one_o day_n refection_n and_o victual_n and_o therefore_o content_v they_o be_v not_o and_o satisfy_v unless_o to_o their_o fish_n they_o have_v some_o sop_n and_o crumb_n of_o bread_n give_v they_o soak_v in_o wine_n &_o that_o their_o belly_n full_a mutianus_n make_v mention_n of_o the_o semblable_a manner_n of_o fish_v in_o the_o gulf_n of_o jassos_n but_o herein_o be_v the_o difference_n for_o that_o the_o dolphin_n come_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n without_o call_v take_v their_o part_n of_o the_o booty_n at_o the_o fisher_n hand_n and_o every_o boat_n have_v a_o dolphin_n attend_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o companion_n although_o it_o be_v in_o the_o night_n season_n &_o at_o torch_n light_n over_o and_o beside_o the_o dolphin_n have_v a_o kind_n of_o commonwealth_n and_o public_a society_n among_o themselves_o for_o it_o chance_v upon_o a_o time_n that_o a_o king_n of_o caria_n have_v take_v a_o dolphin_n and_o keep_v he_o fast_o as_o a_o prisoner_n within_o the_o harbour_n whereupon_o a_o mighty_a multitude_n of_o other_o dolphin_n resort_v thither_o and_o by_o certain_a sign_n of_o sorrow_n and_o mourning_n that_o they_o make_v evident_a to_o be_v perceive_v and_o understand_v seem_v to_o crave_v pardon_n and_o mercy_n for_o the_o prisoner_n and_o never_o give_v over_o until_o the_o king_n have_v give_v commandment_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v enlarge_v and_o let_v go_v also_o the_o little_a one_o be_v evermore_o accompany_v with_o some_o one_o of_o the_o big_a sort_n as_o a_o guide_n to_o guard_v &_o keep_v he_o to_o conclude_v they_o have_v be_v see_v to_o carry_v one_o of_o their_o fellow_n when_o he_o be_v dead_a into_o some_o place_n of_o security_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v devour_v and_o tear_v of_o other_o sea-monster_n chap._n ix_o ¶_o of_o porpuisses_n the_o porpuiss_n which_o the_o latin_n call_v tursiones_fw-la be_v make_v like_o the_o dolphin_n howbeit_o they_o differ_v in_o that_o they_o have_v a_o more_o sad_a and_o heavy_a countenance_n for_o they_o be_v nothing_o so_o gamesome_a playfull_a and_o wanton_a as_o be_v the_o dolphin_n but_o especial_o they_o be_v snout_v like_o dog_n when_o they_o snarl_v grin_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o do_v a_o show_v turn_v chap._n x._o ¶_o of_o sea_n tortoise_n and_o how_o they_o be_v take_v there_o be_v find_v tortoise_n in_o the_o indian_a sea_n so_o great_a that_o one_o only_a shell_n of_o they_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o roof_n of_o a_o dwell_a house_n and_o among_o the_o island_n principal_o in_o the_o red_a sea_n they_o use_v tortoise_n shell_n ordinary_o for_o boat_n and_o wherry_n upon_o the_o water_n many_o way_n the_o fisherman_n have_v to_o catch_v they_o but_o especial_o in_o this_o manner_n they_o use_v in_o the_o morning_n when_o the_o weather_n be_v calm_a and_o still_o to_o float_v aloft_o upon_o the_o water_n with_o their_o back_n to_o be_v see_v all_o over_o and_o then_o they_o take_v such_o pleasure_n in_o breathe_v free_o &_o at_o liberty_n that_o they_o forget_v themselves_o altogether_o insomuch_o as_o their_o shell_n in_o this_o time_n be_v so_o harden_a and_o bake_v with_o the_o sun_n that_o when_o they_o will_v they_o can_v dive_v and_o sink_v under_o the_o water_n again_o but_o be_v force_v against_o their_o will_n to_o float_v above_o and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v expose_v as_o a_o prey_n unto_o the_o fisherman_n some_o say_v that_o they_o go_v forth_o in_o the_o night_n to_o land_n for_o to_o feed_v where_o with_o eat_v greedy_o they_o qe_v weary_a so_o that_o in_o the_o morning_n when_o they_o be_v return_v again_o they_o fall_v soon_o asleep_a above_o the_o water_n and_o keep_v such_o a_o snort_a and_o rout_v in_o their_o sleep_n that_o they_o bewray_v where_o they_o be_v and_o so_o be_v easy_o take_v and_o yet_o there_o must_v be_v three_o man_n about_o every_o one_o of_o they_o and_o when_o they_o have_v swim_v unto_o the_o tortoise_n two_o of_o they_o turn_v he_o upon_o his_o back_n the_o three_o cast_v accord_v or_o halter_n about_o he_o as_o he_o lie_v with_o his_o belly_n upward_o and_o then_o be_v he_o hale_v by_o many_o more_o together_o to_o the_o land_n in_o the_o phoenician_n sea_n they_o make_v no_o great_a ado_n to_o take_v they_o for_o why_o at_o a_o certain_a time_n of_o the_o year_n they_o resort_v of_o themselves_o by_o great_a multitude_n in_o skull_n up_o into_o the_o river_n eleutherius_fw-la the_o tortoise_n have_v no_o tooth_n but_o the_o side_n and_o brim_n of_o his_o neb_n or_o beck_n be_v sharp_a and_o keen_a where_o of_o the_o upper_a part_n or_o chaw_v shut_v close_o upon_o the_o nether_a like_a to_o the_o lid_n of_o a_o box_n in_o the_o sea_n they_o
many_o time_n be_v big_a than_o the_o dolphin_n and_o put_v they_o to_o such_o pain_n that_o to_o avoid_v they_o they_o oftentimes_o be_v drive_v to_o lance_n themselves_o and_o skip_v into_o the_o very_a ship_n which_o property_n they_o have_v also_o at_o other_o time_n for_o fear_v of_o the_o violence_n of_o other_o fish_n &_o most_o of_o all_o the_o mullet_n have_v this_o cast_n with_o they_o and_o this_o they_o do_v with_o such_o exceed_a swiftness_n and_o agility_n that_o they_o will_v fling_v themselves_o otherwhiles_o cross_a over_o the_o ship_n chap._n xvi_o ¶_o of_o presage_n and_o foretokening_n by_o fish_n and_o of_o their_o diversity_n nature_n willing_a to_o endue_v this_o element_n also_o of_o the_o water_n with_o some_o augury_n have_v give_v to_o fish_n likewise_o a_o kind_n of_o prescience_n and_o foreknowledge_n of_o thing_n ro_o come_v and_o very_o during_o the_o sicilian_a war_n as_o augustus_n caesar_n walk_v along_o the_o shore_n upon_o the_o sand_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a fish_n leap_v forth_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o light_n at_o his_o very_a foot_n the_o soothsaier_n and_o wizard_n upon_o this_o occurrent_a be_v seek_v unto_o give_v this_o construction_n thereof_o and_o presage_v thereby_o that_o they_o who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o hold_v it_o in_o subjection_n shall_v be_v range_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o caesar_n and_o at_o his_o devotion_n and_o yet_o at_o that_o present_a it_o be_v think_v and_o say_v that_o god_n neptune_n have_v adopt_v sex_n pompeius_n for_o his_o son_n so_o fortunate_a he_o be_v and_o such_o exploit_n have_v he_o achieve_v upon_o the_o sea_n the_o female_a kind_n of_o fish_n be_v common_o big_a than_o the_o male_n and_o there_o be_v some_o sort_n of_o they_o whereof_o there_o be_v no_o male_n at_o all_o but_o all_o female_n as_o the_o erythini_n and_o the_o chani_fw-la for_o they_o be_v take_v always_o spawner_n and_o full_a of_o egg_n fish_n that_o be_v scale_v for_o the_o most_o part_n swim_v in_o troop_n and_o sort_n together_o the_o best_a fish_n be_v before_o the_o sun_n be_v up_o for_o then_o fish_n see_v least_o or_o not_o at_o all_o for_o if_o the_o night_n be_v clear_a and_o moonshine_n they_o see_v as_o well_o by_o night_n as_o day_n moreover_o they_o say_v that_o it_o be_v good_a fish_n twice_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o hole_n for_o common_o upon_o the_o second_o cast_v the_o draught_n be_v better_a than_o the_o first_o fish_n love_v pass_v well_o to_o taste_v oil_n they_o joy_v also_o and_o like_v well_o in_o soft_a &_o gentle_a shower_n &_o therewith_o they_o will_v feed_v and_o grow_v fat_a and_o good_a reason_n there_o be_v of_o it_o for_o why_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n that_o cane_n &_o reed_n although_o they_o breed_v in_o meers_o and_o stand_a water_n yet_o they_o grow_v not_o to_o the_o purpose_n without_o rain_n moreover_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o fish_n keep_v evermore_o in_o one_o dead_a pool_n and_o never_o remove_v will_v die_v wheresoever_o it_o be_v unless_o there_o fall_v rain_n water_n to_o refresh_v they_o all_o fish_n feel_v the_o cold_a of_o a_o sharp_a and_o hard_a winter_n but_o those_o especial_o who_o be_v think_v to_o have_v a_o stone_n in_o their_o head_n as_o the_o pike_n the_o chromes_n scienae_fw-la &_o pagri_n if_o it_o be_v a_o bitter_a season_n in_o winter_n many_o of_o they_o be_v take_v up_o blind_a and_o therefore_o during_o those_o cold_a month_n they_o lurk_v hide_v in_o hole_n and_o within_o rock_n like_a as_o we_o have_v say_v certain_a land_n creature_n do_v but_o above_o all_o other_o the_o lobster_n call_v hippuri_n and_o the_o coracini_n can_v abide_v extremity_n of_o cold_a &_o therefore_o be_v never_o catch_v in_o winter_n unless_o it_o be_v at_o certain_a time_n when_o they_o come_v forth_o of_o their_o hole_n which_o they_o keep_v due_o and_o never_o stir_v but_o then_o in_o like_a sort_n the_o lamproie_n the_o orphe._n the_o conger_n perch_n and_o all_o stonefish_n that_o love_v rock_n and_o gravel_n man_n say_v very_o that_o the_o crampefish_n the_o plaice_n and_o the_o sole_a lie_n hide_v all_o winter_n in_o the_o ground_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o certain_a crevice_n and_o chink_n which_o they_o make_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n contrariwise_o some_o again_o be_v as_o impatient_a of_o heat_n and_o can_v as_o ill_o away_o with_o hot_a weather_n and_o therefore_o about_o midsummer_n for_o 60_o day_n they_o lie_v hide_v and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v as_o the_o fish_n glaucus_n the_o cod_n and_o the_o gilthead_n of_o river_n fish_n the_o silurus_n or_o sturgeon_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o dog-day_n be_v blast_v and_o strike_v with_o a_o planet_n at_o other_o time_n also_o in_o a_o thunder_n &_o lightning_n he_o be_v smite_v so_o as_o therewith_o he_o be_v astonish_v and_o lie_v for_o dead_a and_o some_o think_v that_o the_o like_a accident_n befall_v to_o the_o sea_n bream_n cyprinus_fw-la and_o very_o all_o quarter_n of_o the_o sea_n throughout_o feel_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o dogstar_n but_o most_o of_o all_o the_o influence_n and_o power_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o straight_a of_o bosphorus_n for_o than_o may_v a_o man_n perceive_v ordinary_o the_o reit_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o fish_n float_v aloft_o and_o the_o sea_n so_o trouble_v that_o every_o thing_n be_v cast_v up_o from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o water_n chap._n xvii_o ¶_o of_o the_o mullet_n and_o other_o fish_n and_o that_o the_o same_o in_o all_o place_n be_v not_o of_o like_a request_n the_o mullet_n have_v a_o natural_a ridiculous_a quality_n by_o themselves_o to_o be_v laugh_v at_o for_o when_o they_o be_v afraid_a to_o be_v catch_v they_o will_v hide_v their_o head_n and_o then_o they_o think_v they_o be_v sure_a enough_o ween_v that_o all_o their_o body_n be_v likewise_o hide_a these_o mullet_n nevertheless_o be_v so_o lecherous_a that_o in_o the_o season_n when_o they_o use_v to_o engender_v in_o the_o coast_n of_o phoenicia_n &_o languedock_n if_o they_o take_v a_o milter_n out_o of_o their_o stew_n or_o pool_n where_o they_o use_v to_o keep_v they_o and_o draw_v a_o long_a string_n or_o line_n through_o the_o mouth_n and_o gills_n and_o so_o tie_v it_o fast_o and_o then_o put_v he_o into_o the_o sea_n hold_v the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o line_n still_o in_o their_o hand_n if_o they_o pull_v he_o again_o unto_o they_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o number_n of_o spawner_n or_o female_n follow_v he_o hard_o at_o tail_n to_o the_o bank_n side_n semblable_o if_o a_o man_n do_v the_o same_o with_o a_o female_a in_o spaw_a time_n he_o shall_v have_v as_o many_o milter_n follow_v after_o she_o and_o in_o this_o manner_n they_o take_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o mullet_n in_o old_a time_n our_o ancestor_n set_v more_o store_n by_o the_o sturgeon_n &_o it_o carry_v the_o name_n above_o all_o other_o fish_n he_o be_v the_o only_a sish_n that_o have_v the_o scale_n grow_v over_o the_o head_n he_o swim_v against_o the_o stream_n but_o now_o adays_o there_o be_v no_o such_o reckon_n &_o account_n make_v of_o he_o whereat_o i_o marvel_v much_o consider_v he_o be_v so_o hard_a and_o seldom_o to_o be_v find_v some_o call_v he_o elops_n afterward_o cornelius_n nepos_n and_o laberius_n the_o poet_n and_o maker_n of_o merry_a rhyme_n have_v write_v that_o the_o sea_n pike_n and_o the_o cod_n get_v away_o all_o the_o credit_n from_o the_o sturgeon_n &_o be_v of_o great_a request_n as_o for_o the_o pike_n aforesaid_a the_o best_a and_o most_o commendable_a of_o all_o other_o be_v they_o which_o be_v call_v lanati_fw-la as_o a_o man_n will_v say_v cotton_n pike_n for_o the_o whiteness_n &_o tenderness_n of_o their_o flesh_n of_o cod_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n callariae_fw-la or_o haddock_n which_o be_v the_o less_o and_o bacchi_fw-la which_o be_v never_o take_v but_o in_o the_o deep_a and_o therefore_o they_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o former_a but_o the_o pike_n that_o be_v catch_v in_o the_o river_n be_v better_a than_o all_o other_o the_o fish_n call_v scarus_z now_o carry_v the_o price_n &_o praise_n of_o all_o other_o &_o this_o fish_n alone_o be_v say_v to_o chew_v cud_n to_o live_v of_o grass_n and_o weed_n and_o not_o to_o prey_v upon_o other_o fish_n in_o the_o carpathian_n sea_n great_a store_n of_o they_o be_v find_v &_o by_o their_o good_a will_n they_o never_o pass_v the_o cape_n or_o promontory_n lectos_fw-la in_o troas_n in_o the_o day_n of_o tiberius_n claudius_n the_o emperor_n optatius_fw-la his_o free_a man_n who_o sometime_o have_v be_v a_o slave_n of_o his_o and_o then_o admiral_n and_o lieutenant_n general_a of_o a_o fleet_n under_o he_o bring_v they_o
sort_n for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o calm_a sea_n and_o the_o wind_n down_o the_o nauplius_n aforesaid_a that_o go_v as_o a_o passenger_n in_o this_o shell_n will_v put_v down_o his_o foot_n into_o the_o water_n like_o oar_n and_o row_v therewith_o but_o if_o a_o gale_n of_o wind_n be_v aloft_o he_o will_v stretch_v the_o same_o alength_n &_o make_v they_o serve_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o helm_n to_o steer_v withal_o and_o then_o the_o coquil_a or_o shellfish_n will_v spread_v and_o display_v itself_o like_o sail_n to_o gather_v wind_n so_o as_o the_o one_o of_o they_o take_v a_o pleasure_n to_o carry_v in_o manner_n of_o the_o vessel_n the_o other_o have_v his_o delight_n to_o labour_v as_o a_o mariner_n and_o to_o direct_v withal_o like_o a_o pilot_n thus_o these_o two_o fish_n otherwise_o senseless_a &_o blockish_a take_v their_o pleasure_n together_o unless_o peradventure_o it_o fall_v out_o unhappy_o for_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o such_o a_o sight_n as_o this_o presage_v no_o good_a to_o sailor_n that_o man_n mar_v their_o sport_n and_o either_o part_n they_o asunder_o or_o force_v they_o to_o sink_v under_o water_n the_o lobster_n be_v of_o that_o kind_n which_o want_v blood_n have_v a_o tender_a and_o brittle_a crust_n to_o cover_v and_o defend_v they_o for_o five_o month_n they_o lie_v hide_v the_o crab_n likewise_o who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n keep_v close_o &_o secret_a and_o both_o of_o they_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o every_o spring_n cast_v their_o old_a coat_n or_o shell_n as_o snake_n do_v their_o skin_n &_o take_v they_o that_o be_v new_a &_o fresh_a all_o other_o of_o this_o kind_n swim_v within_o the_o water_n but_o the_o lobster_n float_v aloft_o and_o creep_v as_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o water_n so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v secure_a of_o any_o fear_n and_o danger_n they_o go_v direct_o straight_o let_v down_o their_o horn_n at_o length_n along_o their_o side_n which_o natural_o by_o themselves_o have_v a_o round_a point_n or_o bob_v at_o the_o end_n but_o if_o they_o be_v in_o any_o fear_n go_v up_o those_o horn_n straight_o and_o then_o they_o creep_v bias_n and_o go_v sidelong_v with_o these_o horn_n they_o oftentimes_o maintain_v battle_n one_o with_o another_o of_o all_o creature_n this_o only_a have_v a_o tender_a and_o short_a kind_n of_o flesh_n which_o in_o the_o seethe_a will_v not_o hang_v togerhe_a unless_o it_o be_v sodden_a alive_a in_o scald_a water_n and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v stiff_a and_o callous_a as_o brawn_n chap._n xxxi_o of_o sea-crab_n urchin_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o great_a urchin_n call_v echinometra_n as_o for_o the_o lobster_n they_o love_v rock_n and_o stony_a place_n but_o crab_n delight_v in_o soft_a and_o delicate_a place_n in_o winter_n they_o seek_v after_o the_o warm_a or_o sunshine_n shore_n but_o when_o summer_n be_v come_v they_o retire_v into_o the_o cool_a and_o deep_a hole_n in_o the_o shade_n all_o the_o sort_n of_o they_o take_v harm_n and_o pair_n by_o winter_n in_o autumn_n and_o spring_n they_o battle_n and_o wax_v fat_a and_o especial_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v at_o the_o full_a because_o that_o planet_n be_v comfortable_a in_o the_o night_n time_n &_o with_o her_o warm_a light_n mitigate_v the_o cold_a of_o the_o night_n of_o these_o crab-fish_n there_o be_v many_o kind_n to_o wit_n lobster_n creyfish_n of_o the_o sea_n crab_n of_o barbary_n call_v maiae_n grampel_v grit_n or_o pungiers_n crab_n of_o heraclea_n yellow_a river_n creyfish_n and_o diverse_a other_o of_o more_o base_a account_n as_o for_o the_o lobster_n they_o differ_v from_o the_o rest_n in_o tail_n in_o phoenicia_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o crab_n call_v hippoee_v or_o rather_o hippeis_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v horse_n or_o horseman_n which_o be_v so_o swift_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o overtake_v they_o crab_n live_v long_o eight_o clee_n or_o foot_n they_o have_v apiece_o all_o crooked_a and_o hook_a the_o female_a have_v the_o fore_n clee_v double_a the_o male_a but_o single_a moreover_o two_o of_o the_o leg_n or_o arm_n be_v fork_a and_o tooth_v like_o pincer_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o these_o foreclawe_n do_v stir_v the_o nether_a part_n move_v not_o the_o right_a leg_n in_o they_o all_o be_v big_a than_o the_o left_a when_o they_o come_v in_o skull_n all_o together_o as_o sometime_o they_o do_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pass_v one_o by_o another_o the_o straits_n of_o the_o sea_n pontus_n about_o constantinople_n whereupon_o they_o be_v force_v to_o return_v back_o again_o and_o fetch_v a_o compass_n about_o and_o the_o beat_a way_n with_o their_o track_n may_v be_v see_v the_o least_o of_o all_o these_o kind_n of_o crab_n be_v call_v pinnnothere_n or_o pinnoteres_n and_o for_o his_o smallness_n most_o subject_a and_o expose_v to_o injury_n but_o as_o subtle_a and_o crafty_a he_o be_v as_o he_o be_v little_a for_o his_o manner_n be_v to_o shroud_v and_o hide_v himself_o within_o the_o shell_n of_o empty_a oyster_n and_o ever_o as_o he_o grow_v big_a and_o big_a to_o go_v into_o those_o that_o be_v wide_a crab_n when_o they_o be_v afraid_a will_v recule_n backward_o as_o fast_o as_o they_o go_v forward_o they_o will_v fight_v one_o with_o another_o and_o then_o you_o shall_v see_v they_o jur_n and_o butt_n with_o their_o horn_n like_o ram_n singular_a good_a they_o be_v against_o the_o bite_n and_o stinging_n of_o serpent_n it_o be_v report_v that_o while_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o sign_n cancer_n the_o body_n within_o of_o dead_a crab_n that_o lie_v without_o the_o water_n upon_o dry_a land_n will_v turn_v to_o be_v scorpion_n of_o the_o same_o sort_n that_o the_o crab_n be_v be_v the_o urchin_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v echini_n and_o these_o in_o stead_n of_o foot_n have_v certain_a point_a prickle_n their_o manner_n of_o go_v be_v to_o roll_v themselves_o and_o tumble_v round_o and_o therefore_o many_o time_n shall_v you_o find_v they_o with_o their_o prick_n wear_v and_o of_o this_o sort_n be_v they_o that_o be_v call_v echinometrae_n the_o long_a prickle_n they_o have_v of_o all_o other_o and_o the_o least_o shell_n or_o case_n wherein_o they_o be_v neither_o be_v they_o all_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n of_o glass_n for_o about_o torone_n they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v white_a have_v small_a prick_n they_o have_v all_o of_o they_o five_o egg_n when_o they_o lay_v but_o they_o be_v bitter_a their_o mouth_n stand_v in_o the_o mid_n of_o their_o body_n bend_v down_o towards_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v say_v they_o have_v a_o sore-knowledge_n of_o a_o sea_n tempest_n for_o by_o reason_n that_o they_o be_v so_o round_o and_o therefore_o soon_o whirl_v and_o carry_v here_o and_o there_o they_o fall_v then_o to_o labour_n and_o gather_v stone_n wherewith_o they_o charge_v and_o poise_v their_o body_n as_o with_o ballast_n that_o they_o may_v abide_v more_o steadfast_a for_o that_o they_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o wear_v their_o prick_n with_o roll_a and_o turn_v over_o and_o over_o which_o when_o the_o mariner_n and_o sailor_n perceive_v once_o they_o present_o cast_v many_o anchor_n and_o stay_v their_o ship_n chap._n xxxii_o ¶_o of_o winckle_n and_o sea_n snail_n in_o the_o same_o rank_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v the_o winkles_n as_o well_o of_o land_n as_o water_n when_o they_o put_v themselves_o out_o of_o their_o shell_n they_o thrust_v out_o two_o horn_n that_o they_o have_v and_o will_v pluck_v they_o in_o again_o when_o they_o list_v eye_n they_o have_v none_o to_o see_v withal_o and_o therefore_o these_o little_a horn_n serve_v they_o in_o good_a stead_n to_o sound_v as_o it_o be_v and_o try_v the_o way_n as_o they_o go_v chap._n xxxiii_o ¶_o of_o scallop_n of_o the_o great_a winkle_n call_v murex_fw-la and_o other_o kind_n of_o shell-fish_n the_o great_a scallop_n in_o the_o sea_n be_v count_v for_o the_o same_o race_n which_o lie_v hide_v also_o in_o the_o time_n as_o well_o of_o great_a heat_n as_o cold_a they_o have_v certain_a nail_n as_o it_o be_v shine_v like_o fire_n in_o the_o night_n season_n yea_o in_o their_o very_a mouth_n that_o eat_v they_o as_o for_o the_o pourcelanes_n or_o murices_fw-la they_o have_v a_o strong_a scale_a shell_n as_o also_o all_o the_o kind_n of_o winkles_n great_a and_o small_a wherein_o a_o man_n may_v see_v the_o wonderful_a variety_n of_o nature_n in_o this_o play_n and_o pastime_n of_o she_o give_v they_o so_o many_o and_o sundry_a colour_n with_o such_o diversity_n of_o form_n and_o figure_n for_o of_o they_o you_o shall_v have_v flat_a and_o plain_a hollow_a long_o horn_a like_o the_o moon_n croissant_a full_a round_a half_o round_a &_o cut_v as_o it_o be_v just_a through_o the_o mid_n bow-backt_a and_o rise_v up_o smooth_a rough_a tooth_a and_o indent_v
haunch_n that_o which_o be_v engender_v and_o bring_v forth_o be_v as_o it_o be_v some_o little_a mite_n of_o blackish_a â—…esh_n which_o they_o call_v tadpole_n or_o polwig_n show_v no_o good_a form_n but_o that_o they_o have_v some_o show_n of_o eye_n only_o and_o a_o tail_n some_o few_o day_n after_o their_o foot_n be_v frame_v &_o then_o part_v their_o tail_n in_o twain_o which_o serve_v for_o their_o foot_n behind_o and_o a_o strange_a thing_n it_o be_v of_o they_o after_o they_o have_v live_v some_o 6_o month_n they_o resolve_v into_o a_o slime_n or_o mud_n no_o man_n see_v how_o &_o afterward_o with_o the_o first_o rain_v in_o the_o spring_n return_v again_o to_o their_o former_a state_n as_o they_o be_v first_o shape_v no_o man_n know_v after_o what_o sort_n by_o a_o secret_a and_o unknown_a way_n incomprehensible_a notwithstanding_o it_o fall_v out_o ordinary_o so_o every_o year_n as_o for_o the_o limpins_n muskles_n and_o scallop_n they_o breed_v of_o themselves_o in_o the_o mud_n and_o sand_n of_o the_o sea_n those_o which_o be_v of_o a_o hard_a coat_n as_o the_o pourcelanes_n and_o purple_n of_o a_o certain_a viscous_a and_o slimy_a substance_n like_o a_o mucilage_n as_o for_o that_o little_a fry_n resemble_v small_a gnat_n and_o fly_n of_o the_o sea_n they_o come_v of_o a_o certain_a putrefaction_n and_o sourness_n of_o the_o water_n as_o the_o apuae_fw-la which_o be_v the_o groundling_n and_o smy_n of_o the_o some_o of_o the_o sea_n set_v in_o a_o heat_n &_o chafe_v after_o some_o good_a shower_n they_o that_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o stony_a shell_n as_o oyster_n breed_v of_o the_o rot_a and_o putrify_a slime_n &_o mud_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o of_o the_o some_o that_o have_v stand_v long_o about_o ship_n or_o stake_n and_o post_n set_v fast_o in_o the_o water_n and_o especial_o if_o they_o be_v of_o holme_n wood_n howbeit_o it_o have_v be_v find_v of_o late_a in_o oyster_n pit_n that_o there_o pass_v from_o they_o in_o stead_n of_o sperm_n a_o certain_a whitish_a humour_n like_o milk_n as_o for_o yeel_n they_o rub_v themselves_o against_o rock_n and_o stone_n and_o those_o scrape_n as_o it_o be_v which_o be_v fret_v from_o they_o in_o time_n come_v to_o take_v life_n and_o prove_v snig_n and_o no_o other_o generation_n have_v they_o fish_n of_o diverse_a kind_n engender_v not_o one_o with_o another_o unless_o it_o be_v the_o skate_n and_o the_o raifish_n and_o of_o they_o there_o come_v a_o fish_n which_o in_o the_o forepart_n resemble_v a_o ray_n &_o in_o greek_a have_v a_o name_n compound_v of_o both_o rhinobatos_n other_o fish_n there_o be_v that_o breed_n indifferent_o on_o land_n and_o sea_n according_a to_o the_o warm_a season_n of_o the_o year_n in_o spring_n time_n scallop_n snail_n and_o horsleeche_n do_v engender_v and_o by_o the_o same_o warmth_n quicken_v and_o come_v to_o life_n but_o in_o autumn_n they_o turn_v to_o nothing_o the_o pike_n &_o sardane_n breed_v twice_o a_o year_n like_v as_o all_o stone_n fish_n the_o barbel_n thrice_o as_o also_o a_o kind_n of_o turbit_n call_v chalcis_n i._o the_o shad_z the_o carp_n 6_o time_n the_o scorpenes_n and_o sargi_fw-la twice_o namely_o in_o spring_n and_o autumn_n of_o flat_a broad_a fish_n the_o skate_n only_o twice_o in_o the_o year_n to_o wit_n in_o autumn_n and_o at_o the_o set_n or_o occultation_n of_o the_o star_n vergiliae_fw-la the_o great_a number_n of_o fish_n engender_v for_o 3_o month_n april_n may_n &_o june_n the_o cod_n or_o stockfish_n in_o autumn_n the_o sargi_fw-la crampfish_n &_o squali_fw-la about_o the_o equinoctial_a soft_a skin_a fish_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o the_o cuttel_n in_o every_o month_n the_o spawn_n of_o this_o fish_n which_o hang_v together_o like_o a_o cluster_n of_o grape_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o a_o certain_a black_a glue_v or_o viscositie_n like_o ink_n the_o milter_n do_v blow_n and_o breath_n upon_o before_o it_o can_v be_v good_a for_o otherwise_o it_o come_v to_o no_o proof_n the_o pourcuttles_a engender_v in_o winter_n and_o in_o the_o spring_n and_o then_o bring_v forth_o a_o spawn_n crisp_a and_o curl_a as_o it_o be_v like_o the_o wreathe_a branch_n and_o tendril_n of_o a_o vine_n branch_n and_o that_o in_o such_o plenty_n that_o when_o they_o be_v kill_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o receive_v and_o contain_v the_o multitude_n of_o their_o egg_n in_o the_o concavitie_n or_o ventricle_n of_o their_o head_n and_o belly_n which_o they_o bear_v when_o they_o be_v great_a they_o hatch_v they_o in_o fifty_o day_n but_o many_o of_o they_o prove_v addle_n and_o never_o come_v to_o good_a there_o be_v such_o a_o number_n of_o they_o the_o lobster_n and_o the_o rest_n with_o thin_a shell_n lay_v egg_n after_o egg_n and_o sit_v upon_o they_o in_o that_o manner_n the_o female_a pourcuttle_n one_o while_o sit_v over_o her_o egg_n another_o while_n she_o cover_v the_o cranny_n or_o gutter_n where_o she_o have_v lay_v they_o with_o her_o claw_n and_o arm_n enfold_v across_o one_o over_o another_o lattice_n wise_a the_o cuttle_n lay_v also_o upon_o the_o dry_a land_n among_o the_o reed_n or_o else_o wheresoever_o she_o can_v find_v any_o seaweed_n or_o reit_n to_o grow_v &_o by_o the_o 15_o day_n hatch_v the_o calamary_n lay_v egg_n in_o the_o deep_a which_o hang_v close_o and_o thick_a together_o as_o the_o cuttle_n do_v the_o purple_n burret_n and_o such_o like_a do_v lay_v in_o the_o spring_n the_o sea_n urchin_n be_v with_o egg_n every_o full_a moon_n in_o the_o winter_n time_n and_o the_o winkle_n or_o cocle_n be_v breed_v in_o the_o winter_n likewise_o the_o crampfish_n be_v find_v to_o have_v 80_o young_a at_o once_o within_o she_o and_o hatch_v her_o tender_a and_o soft_a egg_n within_o her_o body_n shift_v they_o from_o one_o place_n of_o the_o womb_n to_o another_o in_o like_a manner_n do_v all_o they_o which_o be_v call_v cartilagineus_fw-la or_o grist_o by_o which_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o fish_n alone_o both_o conceive_v with_o egg_n and_o yet_o bring_v forth_o a_o live_a creature_n the_o male_a sheath-fish_n or_o river_n whale_n silurus_n of_o all_o other_o only_o be_v so_o kind_a as_o to_o keep_v and_o look_v to_o the_o egg_n of_o the_o female_a after_o they_o be_v lay_v many_o time_n for_o fifty_o day_n after_o for_o fear_v they_o shall_v be_v devour_v of_o other_o other_o female_n hatch_v in_o three_o day_n if_o the_o male_a touch_v they_o the_o horne-beak_n or_o needle-fish_n belonae_fw-la be_v the_o only_a fish_n which_o have_v within_o they_o so_o great_a egg_n that_o their_o womb_n cleave_v and_o open_v when_o they_o shall_v lay_v they_o but_o after_o that_o they_o be_v discharge_v of_o they_o it_o grow_v together_o and_o unit_v again_o a_o thing_n usual_a as_o they_o say_v in_o blind-worme_n the_o fish_n call_v mus-marinus_n dig_v a_o gutter_n or_o ditch_n within_o the_o ground_n and_o there_o lay_v her_o egg_n and_o the_o same_o she_o cover_v over_o with_o earth_n and_o so_o let_v they_o alone_o for_o 30_o day_n than_o she_o come_v and_o open_v the_o place_n again_o findeth_z her_o egg_n hatch_v and_o lead_v her_o little_a one_o to_o the_o water_n chap._n lii_o ¶_o of_o fish_n womb_n the_o shelfish_n erythini_n &_o chanae_fw-la have_v their_o womb_n or_o matrices_fw-la as_o for_o that_o fish_n which_o in_o greek_a be_v call_v trochos_fw-la i._o the_o top_n be_v think_v to_o get_v itself_o with_o young_a the_o fry_n of_o all_o water_n creature_n at_o the_o first_o see_v not_o chap._n liii_o of_o the_o exceed_a long_a life_n of_o fish_n it_o be_v not_o long_o since_o that_o we_o hear_v of_o one_o fish_n memorable_a example_n which_o prove_v the_o long_a life_n of_o fish_n there_o be_v a_o fair_a house_n of_o retreat_n and_o pleasure_n call_v pausilupum_fw-la in_o campaine_n not_o far_o from_o naples_n where_o as_o anneus_n seneca_n write_v there_o die_v a_o fish_n in_o the_o fishpool_n of_o caesar_n 60_o year_n after_o that_o it_o have_v be_v put_v in_o by_o pollio_n vedius_n and_o there_o remain_v two_o more_o of_o that_o age_n and_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n which_o live_v still_o and_o since_o we_o be_v come_v to_o make_v mention_n of_o fishpond_n i_o think_v i_o shall_v do_v well_o to_o write_v somewhat_o more_o thereof_o before_o i_o give_v over_o this_o discourse_n of_o fish_n and_o water_n creature_n chap._n liv._o ¶_o of_o oyster_n pit_n and_o who_o first_o devise_v they_o the_o first_o that_o invent_v stew_n and_o pit_n to_o keep_v oyster_n in_o be_v sergius_n orata_n who_o make_v such_o about_o his_o house_n in_o baianum_n in_o the_o day_n of_o l._n crassus_n that_o famous_a orator_n before_o the_o marsian_o war_n and_o this_o the_o man_n do_v not_o for_o his_o belly_n and_o to_o maintain_v gourmandise_n
it_o be_v account_v a_o capital_a crime_n to_o kill_v a_o stork_n and_o by_o law_n he_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o felon_n in_o the_o case_n of_o manslaughter_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n wild_a goose_n and_o swan_n do_v sort_n together_o when_o they_o be_v passenger_n from_o country_n to_o country_n but_o all_o these_o be_v see_v when_o they_o fly_v they_o make_v way_n forcible_o in_o a_o point_a squadron_n like_a as_o it_o be_v the_o stem_n of_o a_o foist_n at_o sea_n arm_v with_o a_o sharp_a beakehead_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o break_v and_o cut_v the_o air_n better_o than_o if_o they_o drive_v it_o before_o with_o a_o straight_a even_o and_o square_a front_n and_o thus_o wedg-wise_a by_o little_a and_o little_o they_o spread_v broad_a and_o broad_a behind_o and_o bear_v a_o great_a length_n beside_o with_o they_o by_o which_o mean_v also_o they_o gather_v more_o wind_n to_o heave_v they_o up_o and_o set_v they_o forward_o in_o this_o their_o flight_n they_o rest_v their_o head_n upon_o the_o former_a and_o ever_o as_o one_o that_o leadeah_a the_o way_n be_v weary_a with_o bear_v his_o head_n he_o retire_v behind_o to_o ease_v himself_o upon_o he_o that_o fly_v next_o before_o stork_n keep_v one_o nest_n still_o from_o year_n to_o year_n and_o never_o change_v and_o of_o this_o kind_a nature_n they_o be_v that_o the_o young_a will_v keep_v and_o feed_v their_o parent_n when_o they_o be_v old_a as_o they_o themselves_o be_v by_o they_o nourish_v in_o the_o beginning_n some_o say_v that_o the_o swan_n sing_v lamentable_o a_o little_a before_o their_o death_n but_o untrue_o i_o suppose_v for_o experience_n in_o many_o have_v show_v the_o contrary_a howbeit_o these_o fowl_n use_v to_o eat_v and_o devour_v one_o another_o but_o since_o we_o be_v enter_v into_o this_o discourse_n of_o those_o fowl_n that_o make_v voyage_n by_o whole_a flock_n over_o sea_n and_o land_n to_o see_v strange_a country_n i_o can_v put_v off_o to_o speak_v of_o lesser_a bird_n also_o which_o be_v of_o the_o like_a nature_n for_o those_o beforenamed_a may_v seem_v in_o some_o sort_n to_o be_v induce_v to_o such_o great_a travel_n so_o big_a they_o be_v of_o body_n and_o so_o strong_a withal_o as_o touch_v quail_n therefore_o they_o always_o come_v before_o the_o crane_n depart_v a_o little_a bird_n it_o be_v and_o while_o she_o be_v among_o we_o here_o mount_v not_o aloft_o in_o the_o air_n but_o rather_o fly_v below_o near_o the_o ground_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o fly_n be_v like_o the_o former_a in_o troop_n but_o not_o without_o some_o danger_n of_o the_o sailor_n when_o they_o approach_v near_o to_o land_n for_o oftentimes_o they_o settle_v in_o great_a number_n on_o their_o sail_n and_o there_o perch_n which_o they_o do_v evermore_o in_o the_o night_n and_o with_o their_o poise_n bear_v down_o bark_n and_o small_a vessel_n and_o final_o sink_v they_o these_o quail_n have_v their_o set_a gist_n to_o wit_n ordinary_a rest_a and_o bait_v place_n when_o the_o southwind_n blow_v they_o never_o fly_v for_o why_o it_o be_v a_o moist_a heavy_a and_o cloggie_a wind_n &_o that_o they_o know_v well_o enough_o and_o yet_o they_o willing_o choose_v a_o gale_n whensoever_o they_o fly_v by_o reason_n that_o their_o body_n be_v too_o weighty_a in_o comparison_n of_o their_o wing_n to_o bear_v they_o up_o and_o beside_o their_o strength_n be_v but_o small_a and_o hereupon_o it_o be_v that_o as_o they_o fly_v they_o seem_v by_o their_o manner_n of_o cry_n to_o complain_v as_o though_o they_o fly_v with_o pain_n common_o therefore_o they_o choose_v a_o northern_a wind_n to_o fly_v with_o and_o they_o have_v one_o mighty_a great_a quail_n call_v ortygometra_n to_o lead_v the_o way_n and_o conduct_v they_o as_o their_o captain_n the_o foremost_a of_o they_o as_o he_o approach_v near_o to_o land_n pai_v toll_v for_o the_o rest_n unto_o the_o hawk_n who_o present_o for_o his_o welcome_n prei_v upon_o he_o whensoever_o at_o any_o time_n they_o be_v upon_o their_o remove_n and_o departure_n out_o of_o these_o part_n they_o persuade_v other_o bird_n to_o bear_v they_o company_n and_o by_o their_o inducement_n there_o go_v in_o their_o train_n the_o glottis_fw-la horn-owle_n otis_n and_o the_o cychramus_n as_o for_o the_o glottis_fw-la he_o put_v forth_o a_o long_a tongue_n whereupon_o he_o have_v that_o name_n this_o bird_n be_v very_o forward_o at_o the_o first_o set_v out_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o be_v a_o traveller_n to_o see_v far_o country_n and_o to_o change_v the_o air_n and_o the_o first_o day_n journey_n he_o undertake_v with_o pleasure_n but_o soon_o find_v the_o tediousness_n and_o pain_n in_o fly_v he_o repent_v that_o ever_o he_o enterprise_v the_o voyage_n to_o go_v back_o again_o without_o company_n he_o be_v ashamed_a and_o to_o come_v lag_a behind_o he_o be_v as_o loathe_v howbeit_o for_o that_o day_n he_o hold_v out_o so_o so_o and_o never_o go_v far_o for_o at_o the_o next_o rest_v place_n that_o they_o come_v unto_o he_o fair_o leave_v the_o company_n and_o stay_v there_o where_o light_o he_o meet_v with_o such_o another_o as_o himself_o who_o the_o year_n before_o be_v leave_v behind_o and_o thus_o they_o do_v from_o time_n to_o time_n year_n by_o year_n as_o for_o the_o cychramus_n he_o be_v more_o staid_a and_o resolute_a to_o endure_v the_o travail_n he_o make_v haste_n and_o have_v a_o earnest_a longing_n to_o come_v into_o those_o part_n which_o he_o so_o much_o desire_n &_o therefore_o in_o the_o night_n season_n he_o be_v as_o good_a as_o a_o trumpet_n to_o awake_v the_o rest_n &_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o their_o journey_n the_o otis_n be_v a_o bird_n less_o than_o the_o like-owle_n big_a than_o the_o owlet_n have_v two_o plume_v ear_n stand_v up_o aloft_o whereupon_o he_o take_v that_o name_n otis_n in_o greek_a but_o in_o latin_a some_o have_v call_v he_o asio_fw-la this_o bird_n besidens_fw-la have_v certain_a quality_n by_o herself_o &_o be_v skilful_a to_o counterfeit_v and_o make_v gesture_n like_o a_o flatter_a parasite_n she_o can_v foot_v it_o turn_n and_o trip_v mount_v and_o capre_v as_o if_o she_o be_v a_o profess_a dancer_n easy_a she_o be_v to_o be_v take_v like_o as_o the_o owlet_n for_o while_o she_o be_v amuse_v and_o look_v wist_o upon_o one_o that_o go_v about_o she_o another_o come_v behind_o and_o soon_o catch_v she_o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o quail_n aforesaid_a if_o a_o contrary_a wind_n shall_v chance_v to_o arise_v and_o begin_v to_o drive_v against_o they_o and_o hinder_v their_o flight_n to_o prevent_v this_o inconvenience_n they_o be_v well_o provide_v for_o they_o fly_v well_o ballaise_v either_o with_o small_a weighty_a stone_n within_o their_o foot_n or_o else_o with_o sand_n stuff_v in_o their_o craw_n the_o seed_n or_o grain_n of_o the_o white_a hellebore_n a_o very_a poison_n they_o love_v pass_v well_o &_o it_o be_v their_o best_a meat_n but_o hereupon_o it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v not_o serve_v up_o as_o a_o dish_n to_o the_o table_n moreover_o they_o be_v wont_n to_o some_o and_o slaver_v at_o the_o mouth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o fall_a sickness_n unto_o which_o they_o only_o of_o all_o other_o creature_n but_o man_n again_o be_v subject_a chap._n xxiv_o of_o swallow_n ousles_a or_o merles_n thrush_n stare_v or_o starling_n turkey_n and_o stockedove_n the_o swallow_n likewise_o the_o bird_n alone_o of_o all_o those_o that_o have_v not_o crooked_a claw_n which_o feed_v upon_o flesh_n be_v go_v from_o we_o all_o winter_n time_n howbeit_o they_o depart_v not_o far_o off_o but_o seek_v only_o the_o sunshine_n nouke_n between_o hill_n near_o at_o hand_n and_o follow_v the_o warmth_n where_o many_o time_n they_o be_v find_v naked_a and_o without_o feather_n altogether_o as_o if_o they_o have_v moult_v it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o will_v never_o build_v their_o nest_n under_o any_o house_n in_o thebes_n because_o that_o city_n have_v be_v many_o time_n force_v and_o take_v by_o the_o enemy_n neither_o in_o bizia_n a_o city_n of_o thrace_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o detestable_a part_n practise_v by_o taereus_fw-la there_o cecina_n of_o volaterrae_n a_o gentleman_n of_o rome_n by_o call_v governor_n and_o master_n of_o the_o coach_n and_o coach-horse_n that_o use_v to_o run_v for_o the_o prize_n and_o best_a game_n be_v wont_a to_o bring_v with_o he_o into_o the_o city_n a_o number_n of_o these_o swallow_n which_o he_o have_v get_v in_o diverse_a place_n where_o he_o come_v out_o of_o his_o friend_n house_n wherein_o they_o be_v breed_v and_o when_o the_o horse_n which_o he_o have_v in_o charge_n obtain_v at_o any_o time_n victory_n in_o the_o race_n he_o will_v take_v the_o bird_n and_o paint_v they_o with_o that_o colour_n which_o betoken_v
before_o but_o only_o sing_v plain_a song_n and_o keep_v they_o to_o one_o tune_n and_o more_o than_o so_o they_o change_v their_o colour_n in_o process_n of_o time_n and_o last_o of_o all_o when_o winter_n come_v be_v no_o more_o see_v tongue_a they_o be_v not_o like_o other_o bird_n with_o a_o thin_a tip_n before_o they_o begin_v to_o breed_v with_o the_o first_o in_o the_o prime_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o common_o lay_v six_o egg_n the_o gnatsnapper_n ficedula_fw-la a_o bird_n somewhat_o like_a unto_o the_o nightingale_n do_v otherwise_o for_o at_o one_o time_n it_o change_v both_o colour_n form_n and_o song_n they_o have_v not_o that_o name_n ficedulae_n proper_o but_o in_o the_o autumn_n as_o one_o will_v say_v fig-feeder_n for_o when_o that_o season_n be_v once_o past_a they_o be_v call_v melancoryphi_n i_o black-head_n in_o like_a sort_n the_o bird_n which_o be_v name_v erithacus_n i_o robin_n or_o redbr_a in_o winter_n the_o same_o be_v phoenicurus_fw-la i._n red-taile_n all_o summer_n long_o the_o houpe_n or_o vpupa_fw-la as_o aeschilus_n the_o poet_n say_v change_v also_o her_o hue_n voice_n and_o shape_n this_o be_v a_o dung_n nasty_a and_o filthy_a bird_n otherwise_o both_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o feed_v and_o also_o in_o nestle_v but_o a_o goodly_a fair_a crest_n or_o comb_n it_o have_v that_o will_v easy_o fold_v and_o be_v plait_v for_o one_o while_o she_o will_v draw_v it_o in_o another_o while_n set_v it_o stiff_o upright_o along_o the_o head_n as_o for_o the_o bird_n oenanthe_n it_o also_o for_o certain_a day_n lie_v close_a and_o unseen_a &_o namely_o when_o the_o dog-star_n arise_v it_o be_v hide_v but_o after_o the_o occultation_n thereof_o come_v abroad_o &_o show_v herself_o a_o strange_a thing_n that_o in_o those_o day_n it_o shall_v do_v both_o last_o of_o all_o the_o chlorion_fw-la witwall_n or_o lariot_n which_o be_v all_o over_o yellow_a be_v not_o see_v all_o winter_n time_n appear_v about_o the_o sunstead_n chap._n xxx_o ¶_o of_o the_o merles_n about_o cyllene_n in_o arcadia_n and_o no_o where_o else_o you_o shall_v find_v white_a merles_n or_o ousles_a and_o ibis_n about_o pelusium_n only_o in_o egypt_n be_v black_a in_o all_o place_n else_o of_o egypt_n white_a chap._n xxxi_o ¶_o the_o kind_n of_o bird_n breed_v and_o hatch_n all_o sing_v bird_n save_v only_o those_o that_o be_v except_v before_o light_o breed_v not_o nor_o lay_v their_o egg_n before_o the_o spring_n aequinoctial_a in_o mid-march_n or_o after_o the_o autumnal_a in_o mid-september_n and_o those_o that_o they_o hatch_v before_o the_o summer_n sunstead_n i_o mid-iune_n hardly_o come_v to_o any_o perfection_n but_o after_o that_o time_n they_o do_v well_o enough_o and_o live_v chap._n xxxii_o ¶_o of_o the_o halcyones_n or_o kings-fisher_n and_o the_o day_n good_a for_o navigation_n which_o they_o show_v of_o the_o seagull_n and_o cormorant_n and_o in_o this_o regard_n especial_o namely_o for_o breed_v after_o the_o summer_n sunstead_n the_o halcy_n one_o be_v of_o great_a name_n and_o much_o mark_v the_o very_a sea_n and_o they_o that_o sail_v thereupon_o know_v well_o when_o they_o sit_v and_o breed_v this_o very_a bird_n so_o notable_a be_v little_o big_a than_o a_o sparrow_n for_o the_o more_o part_n of_o her_o pennage_n blue_a intermingle_v yet_o among_o with_o white_a and_o purple_a feather_n have_v a_o thin_a small_a neck_n and_o long_a withal_o there_o be_v a_o second_o kind_n of_o they_o breed_v about_o the_o sea_n side_n differ_v both_o in_o quantity_n and_o also_o in_o voice_n for_o it_o sing_v not_o as_o the_o former_a do_v which_o be_v lesser_a for_o they_o haunt_v river_n &_o sing_v among_o the_o flag_n &_o reed_n it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a chance_n to_o see_v one_o of_o these_o halcyones_n &_o never_o be_v they_o see_v but_o about_o the_o set_n of_o the_o star_n virgiliae_fw-la i._o the_o brood-hen_n or_o else_o near_o midsummer_n or_o midwinter_n for_o otherwhiles_o they_o will_v fly_v about_o a_o ship_n but_o soon_o be_v they_o go_v again_o and_o hide_v they_o lay_v and_o sit_v about_o midwinter_n when_o day_n be_v short_a &_o the_o time_n while_o they_o be_v broody_a be_v call_v the_o halcyon_n day_n for_o during_o that_o season_n the_o sea_n be_v calm_a and_o navigable_a especial_o in_o the_o coast_n of_o sicily_n in_o other_o port_n also_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o so_o boisterous_a but_o more_o quiet_a than_o at_o other_o time_n but_o sure_o the_o sicilian_a sea_n be_v very_o gentle_a both_o in_o the_o straits_n and_o also_o in_o the_o open_a ocean_n now_o about_o seven_o day_n before_o midwinter_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o december_n they_o build_v and_o within_o as_o many_o after_o they_o have_v hatch_v their_o nest_n be_v wondrous_o make_v in_o fashion_n of_o a_o round_a ball_n the_o mouth_n or_o entry_n thereof_o stand_v somewhat_o out_o and_o be_v very_o narrow_a much_o like_a unto_o great_a sponge_n a_o man_n can_v cut_v and_o pierce_v their_o nest_n with_o sword_n or_o hatchet_n but_o break_v they_o will_v with_o some_o strong_a knock_n like_v as_o the_o dry_a some_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o no_o man_n can_v ever_o find_v of_o what_o they_o be_v make_v some_o think_v they_o be_v frame_v of_o the_o sharp_a point_a prick_v of_o some_o fish_n for_o of_o fish_n these_o bird_n live_v they_o come_v up_o also_o into_o fresh_a river_n within-land_n and_o there_o do_v lay_v ordinary_o five_o egg_n as_o touch_v the_o gull_n or_o sea-cob_n they_o build_v in_o rock_n and_o the_o cormorant_n both_o in_o they_o and_o also_o in_o tree_n they_o usual_o lay_v four_o egg_n apiece_o the_o gull_n in_o summer_n time_n but_o the_o cormorant_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n chap._n xxxiii_o ¶_o the_o industry_n and_o wit_n of_o bird_n in_o build_v their_o nest_n of_o the_o swallow_n the_o argatilis_n cinnamologi_fw-la and_o partridge_n the_o architecture_n and_o build_n of_o the_o halcyones_n nest_n have_v put_v i_o in_o mind_n of_o other_o bird_n dexterity_n in_o that_o behalf_n and_o sure_o in_o no_o one_o thing_n be_v the_o wit_n of_o silly_a bird_n more_o admirable_a the_o swallow_n frame_v their_o nest_n of_o clay_n &_o earth_n but_o they_o strengthen_v and_o make_v they_o fast_o with_o straw_n in_o case_n at_o any_o time_n they_o can_v meet_v with_o soft_a and_o tough_a clay_n for_o want_v thereof_o they_o drench_v and_o wet_v their_o feather_n with_o good_a store_n of_o water_n and_o then_o bestrew_v they_o over_o with_o dust_n now_o when_o they_o have_v make_v and_o trim_v their_o bare_a nest_n they_o floor_n it_o in_o the_o bottom_n within_o and_o dress_v it_o all_o over_o with_o down_o feather_n or_o fine_a flox_n as_o well_o to_o keep_v their_o egg_n warm_a as_o also_o that_o their_o young_a bird_n shall_v lie_v soft_a in_o feed_v of_o their_o little_a one_o they_o keep_v a_o very_a good_a order_n and_o even_o hand_n give_v they_o their_o pittance_n and_o allowance_n by_o course_n one_o after_o another_o notable_a be_v their_o care_n in_o keep_v they_o neat_a and_o clean_a for_o ever_o as_o they_o meut_n they_o turn_v the_o excrement_n out_o of_o the_o nest_n but_o be_v they_o once_o grow_v to_o any_o strength_n and_o bigness_n they_o teach_v they_o to_o turn_v about_o and_o lay_v their_o tail_n without_o another_o kind_n there_o be_v of_o swallow_n that_o keep_v in_o the_o country_n village_n and_o the_o field_n which_o seldom_o nestle_v under_o man_n house_n and_o they_o likewise_o build_v of_o the_o same_o matter_n as_o the_o former_a do_v namely_o of_o clay_n and_o straw_n but_o after_o another_o fashion_n for_o their_o nest_n be_v make_v turn_v all_o upward_a with_o the_o hole_n or_o mouth_n that_o lead_v unto_o it_o stretch_v out_o in_o length_n straight_o and_o narrow_a but_o the_o capacity_n within_o be_v very_o large_a in_o such_o sort_n as_o it_o be_v a_o wonder_n to_o see_v how_o provident_a &_o skilful_a they_o shall_v be_v to_o frame_v they_o in_o this_o manner_n so_o handsome_a &_o convenient_a to_o cover_v their_o young_a one_o so_o soft_a again_o for_o their_o couch_n and_o bed_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o nilus_n near_o heraclea_n in_o egypt_n there_o be_v a_o mighty_a bank_n or_o causey_n raise_v only_o of_o a_o continual_a rank_n and_o course_n of_o swallow_n nest_n pile_v one_o upon_o and_o by_o another_o thick_a for_o the_o length_n almost_o of_o half_a a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n which_o be_v so_o firm_a and_o strong_a that_o be_v oppose_v against_o the_o inundation_n of_o nilus_n it_o be_v able_a to_o break_v the_o force_n of_o that_o river_n when_o it_o swell_v and_o be_v itself_o inexpugnable_a a_o piece_n of_o work_n that_o no_o man_n be_v able_a to_o turn_v his_o hand_n unto_o in_o the_o same_o egypt_n near_o unto_o the_o
in_o our_o latin_a story_n that_o they_o have_v horn_n i_o take_v they_o to_o be_v mere_a fable_n and_o no_o better_o certes_o in_o nothing_o more_o have_v nature_n take_v her_o pleasure_n than_o in_o this_o as_o if_o she_o have_v mean_v to_o delight_n and_o sport_n herself_o in_o these_o arm_n and_o weapon_n of_o beast_n for_o in_o some_o she_o have_v make_v they_o knagged_a and_o branch_a as_o in_o dear_a both_o red_a and_o fallow_a in_o other_o plain_a and_o uniform_a without_o tine_n as_o in_o the_o spitter_n a_o kind_n of_o stag_n which_o thereupon_o be_v call_v subulones_n in_o latin_a for_o that_o their_o horn_n be_v like_o a_o shoemaker_n *_o nall_n blade_n there_o be_v again_o which_o have_v broad_a horn_n and_o plait_v like_o a_o man_n hand_n with_o finger_n stand_v out_o of_o they_o whereupon_o the_o beast_n that_o bear_v subulâ—…_n they_o be_v call_v platycerote_n i._n broad_a horn_a roe_n buck_n have_v by_o nature_n branch_a head_n but_o they_o be_v small_a and_o these_o do_v not_o mew_v and_o cast_v they_o yearly_a as_o the_o stag_n and_o buck_n all_o the_o sort_n of_o ram_n be_v arm_v with_o crooked_a horn_n turn_v and_o wind_v with_o certain_a revolution_n as_o if_o they_o be_v gauntlet_n or_o whorlebat_n give_v they_o by_o nature_n to_o thump_v and_o jurre_v withal_o bull_n horn_n be_v straight_o and_o upright_o ready_a always_o to_o do_v a_o mischief_n the_o female_n of_o this_o kind_n to_o wit_n cowes_n be_v horn_v as_o well_o as_o bull_n whereas_o in_o many_o other_o the_o male_n only_o be_v in_o that_o wise_a arm_v the_o wild_a goat_n call_v roch-goat_n have_v their_o horn_n turn_v backward_o whereas_o in_o fallow_a deer_n they_o bend_v rather_o forward_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o roebuck_n call_v in_o africa_n addace_n which_o the_o greek_n have_v name_v strepsiceros_n and_o they_o have_v upright_o horn_n but_o they_o be_v furrow_v and_o wreathe_v round_o about_o as_o if_o they_o be_v rib_v like_o the_o back_n of_o a_o lute_n or_o rather_o chamfer_v like_o the_o ridge_n of_o a_o land_n and_o always_o sharp_a point_v with_o a_o tip_n you_o shall_v have_v drove_n and_o herd_n of_o beast_n namely_o cow_n and_o ox_n in_o phrygia_n which_o will_v stir_v and_o wag_v their_o horn_n like_o ear_n and_o those_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o troglodyte_n carry_v their_o horn_n pendent_a direct_o to_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o as_o they_o eat_v they_o be_v force_v to_o bear_v their_o neck_n awry_o and_o look_v atone_v side_n some_o have_v but_o one_o horn_n apiece_o and_o that_o either_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o forehead_n as_o the_o oryx_n or_o else_o in_o the_o nose_n and_o muffle_v as_o the_o rhinoceros_n whereof_o we_o have_v write_v before_o in_o sum_n there_o be_v that_o have_v strong_a and_o hard_a horn_n to_o butt_n with_o other_o to_o strike_v and_o gore_v withal_o some_o crooking_a forward_a other_o bend_v backward_o in_o some_o they_o be_v good_a only_o to_o toss_v and_o fling_v and_o that_o in_o diverse_a manner_n for_o there_o be_v of_o they_o that_o give_v back_o other_o turn_v one_o against_o another_o and_o some_o even_o join_v and_o meet_v together_o but_o all_o run_v up_o sharp_a point_a in_o the_o end_n a_o kind_n of_o beast_n there_o be_v that_o use_v their_o horn_n in_o stead_n of_o hand_n to_o scratch_v their_o body_n when_o it_o itch_v and_o other_o serve_v the_o turn_n to_o sound_v the_o way_n before_o they_o as_o certain_a shel-snail_n and_o winkles_n and_o these_o horn_n give_v for_o this_o purpose_n be_v some_o of_o they_o of_o a_o fleshy_a substance_n as_o those_o of_o the_o serpent_n call_v cerastâ—…_n and_o otherwhiles_o one_o alone_a without_o a_o fellow_n as_o for_o the_o periwinkle_n and_o snail_n a_o foresay_a they_o be_v never_o without_o twain_o apiece_o and_o at_o this_o pass_n they_o have_v they_o to_o put_v out_o and_o draw_v in_o as_o they_o list_v in_o buffle_n horn_n the_o barbarous_a people_n of_o the_o north_n part_v use_v to_o drink_v and_o you_o shall_v have_v the_o horn_n of_o one_o buffle_n head_n to_o hold_v full_a two_o measure_n call_v vrnae_fw-la which_o be_v about_o 8_o gallon_n in_o some_o country_n man_n head_n their_o spear_n and_o javelin_n with_o horn_n with_o we_o in_o italy_n they_o be_v cut_v into_o thin_a plate_n and_o serve_v for_o lantern_n and_o sure_o they_o be_v so_o transparent_a and_o clear_a that_o they_o make_v the_o candle_n within_o enclose_a to_o cast_v the_o great_a light_n and_o far_o off_o nay_o they_o be_v good_a for_o many_o other_o toy_n of_o delight_n and_o pleasure_n insomuch_o as_o some_o paint_n and_o die_v they_o with_o sundry_a colour_n other_o varnish_n and_o anneile_v they_o and_o you_o shall_v have_v man_n to_o make_v thereof_o their_o fine_a inlay_v work_n in_o marquetrie_n of_o diverse_a colour_n call_v thereupon_o cerostrata_n all_o horn_n in_o manner_n be_v hollow_a save_v that_o as_o they_o grow_v towards_o the_o point_a tip_n they_o be_v solid_a and_o massy_a only_o dere_v both_o red_a and_o fallow_a be_v sound_a and_o entire_o throughout_o and_o every_o year_n they_o fall_v off_o husbandman_n in_o the_o country_n when_o they_o see_v their_o ox_n hoof_n surbat_v and_o wear_v too_o near_o the_o quick_a with_o overmuch_o travel_n anoint_v their_o horn_n with_o sweet_a grease_n &_o that_o be_v the_o way_n to_o make_v they_o grow_v again_o and_o in_o very_a truth_n the_o horn_n of_o these_o beast_n be_v of_o so_o pliable_a a_o substance_n and_o easy_a to_o be_v wrought_v that_o as_o they_o grow_v upon_o their_o head_n even_o while_o the_o beast_n be_v live_v they_o may_v with_o boil_a wax_n be_v bend_a and_o turn_v every_o way_n as_o a_o man_n will_v yea_o and_o if_o they_o be_v cut_v when_o they_o break_v new_a forth_o out_o of_o the_o skin_n they_o may_v be_v easy_o writhe_v to_o grow_v severally_a in_o sundry_a part_n so_o as_o every_o head_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v four_o horn_n for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o horn_n of_o cow_n be_v more_o tender_a and_o thin_a than_o the_o other_o like_a as_o we_o see_v it_o be_v in_o the_o female_n of_o small_a beast_n â—…therwise_o ewe_n have_v none_o at_o all_o ne_o yet_o hind_n and_o do_v no_o more_o than_o the_o beast_n that_o have_v foot_n cleave_v &_o divide_v into_o many_o toe_n or_o those_o that_o be_v whole_a hoof_v except_o the_o indian_a ass_n who_o be_v arm_v with_o one_o horn_n and_o no_o more_o beast_n cleave_v foot_v in_o twain_o have_v likewise_o two_o horn_n but_o none_o at_o all_o have_v they_o which_o be_v tooth_v in_o the_o upper_a mandible_a they_o that_o make_v this_o reason_n because_o the_o matter_n of_o their_o tooth_n run_v all_o into_o the_o horn_n and_o so_o contrariwise_o be_v deceive_v and_o soon_o convince_v by_o this_o that_o hind_n &_o doe_n be_v tooth_v no_o more_o than_o stag_n and_o buck_n and_o yet_o be_v not_o horn_v in_o other_o beast_n the_o horn_n grow_v to_o the_o very_a bone_n of_o the_o head_n in_o dear_a only_o they_o come_v out_o of_o the_o skin_n and_o be_v graff_v no_o deep_a fish_n of_o all_o live_a creature_n have_v the_o big_a head_n for_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o body_n haply_o because_o they_o may_v the_o better_o dive_v under_o water_n and_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n no_o kind_n of_o oyster_n have_v any_o head_n at_o all_o no_o more_o than_o sponge_n or_o any_o other_o in_o manner_n which_o want_v all_o their_o sense_n but_o only_a feel_n some_o have_v head_n indeed_o but_o within_o their_o body_n and_o not_o divide_v apart_o from_o it_o as_o crab_n and_o creifish_n mankind_n of_o all_o live_a creature_n have_v most_o hair_n on_o the_o head_n even_o man_n as_o much_o as_o woman_n hair_n as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o those_o country_n where_o they_o never_o cut_v their_o hair_n but_o let_v it_o grow_v and_o namely_o in_o savoy_n dauphine_n and_o languedoc_n about_o the_o alps_o where_o man_n and_o woman_n both_o wear_v long_a hair_n and_o thereupon_o that_o part_n of_o france_n be_v call_v comata_fw-la and_o yet_o this_o be_v not_o so_o general_a but_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o some_o land_n and_o soil_n may_v make_v some_o alteration_n and_o variety_n for_o the_o myconian_o natural_o have_v no_o hair_n at_o all_o like_v as_o the_o caunian_n be_v all_o subject_n to_o the_o disease_n of_o hard_a and_o swell_a spleen_n even_o from_o their_o mother_n womb_n some_o reasonless_a creature_n likewise_o be_v by_o nature_n bald_a as_o ostrich_n and_o certain_a alpine_n water_n raven_n which_o of_o the_o greek_n be_v name_v thereupon_o phalacro-coraces_a seldom_o do_v woman_n shed_v their_o hair_n clean_o and_o become_v bald_a but_o never_o be_v any_o geld_a man_n know_v to_o be_v bald_a nor_o any_o other_o that_o be_v
can_v assuage_v and_o appease_v their_o hunger_n yea_o and_o slack_a and_o extinguish_v their_o thirst_n with_o a_o very_a little_a and_o yet_o preserve_v &_o maintain_v the_o natural_a strength_n of_o their_o body_n namely_o with_o taste_v butter_n cheese_n make_v of_o mare_n or_o ass_n milk_n and_o licorice_n but_o to_o conclude_v and_o knit_v up_o this_o discourse_n the_o worst_a and_o most_o dangerous_a thing_n every_o way_n that_o can_v be_v in_o all_o the_o course_n of_o our_o life_n be_v excess_n and_o superfluity_n but_o to_o the_o health_n of_o our_o body_n most_o of_o all_o and_o therefore_o the_o best_a course_n be_v to_o cut_v off_o by_o all_o mean_n that_o which_o be_v offensive_a and_o heavy_a to_o the_o body_n thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v as_o touch_v live_v and_o sensible_a creature_n let_v we_o therefore_o now_o proceed_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o nature_n work_n the_o twelfth_a book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o nature_n write_v by_o c._n plinius_n secundus_fw-la the_o proem_n thus_o you_o see_v by_o that_o which_o have_v be_v write_v before_o what_o be_v the_o nature_n as_o well_o in_o general_a as_o particular_o in_o part_n of_o all_o live_n and_o sensitive_a creature_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o knowledge_n it_o remain_v now_o to_o discourse_n of_o those_o which_o the_o earth_n yield_v and_o even_o they_o likewise_o be_v not_o without_o a_o soul_n in_o their_o kind_n for_o nothing_o live_v which_o want_v it_o that_o from_o thence_o we_o may_v pass_v to_o those_o thing_n that_o lie_v hide_v within_o the_o earth_n and_o be_v to_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o it_o to_o the_o end_n that_o no_o work_n and_o benefit_n of_o nature_n may_v overpasse_v our_o hand_n and_o be_v omit_v and_o in_o truth_n these_o treasure_n of_o she_o lay_v long_o cover_v under_o the_o ground_n insomuch_o as_o man_n be_v persuade_v that_o wood_n &_o tree_n be_v the_o last_o &_o only_a good_n leave_v unto_o we_o and_o bestow_v upon_o we_o by_o nature_n for_o of_o the_o fruit_n of_o tree_n have_v we_o our_o first_o food_n their_o leaf_n and_o branch_n serve_v to_o make_v we_o soft_a palate_n and_o couch_n within_o the_o cave_n and_o with_o their_o rind_n and_o bark_n we_o clad_v and_o cover_v our_o nakedness_n and_o even_o at_o this_o day_n some_o nation_n there_o be_v that_o live_v still_o in_o that_o sort_n and_o no_o otherwise_o a_o wonderful_a thing_n therefore_o it_o be_v that_o from_o so_o small_a and_o base_a beginning_n we_o shall_v grow_v to_o that_o pass_n in_o pride_n that_o we_o must_v needs_o cut_v through_o great_a mountain_n for_o to_o meet_v with_o marble_n send_v out_o as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o seres_z for_o silk_n stuff_n to_o apparel_v we_o dive_v down_o into_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n for_o pearl_n and_o last_o of_o all_o sink_n deep_a pit_n even_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o precious_a hemerauld_n for_o this_o pride_n and_o vanity_n of_o we_o we_o have_v devise_v mean_n to_o pierce_v and_o wound_v our_o ear_n because_o forsooth_o it_o will_v not_o serve_v our_o turn_n to_o we_o be_v costly_a pearl_n and_o rich_a stone_n in_o carcanet_n about_o our_o neck_n border_n upon_o the_o hair_n of_o our_o head_n bracelet_n about_o our_o arm_n and_o ring_n on_o our_o finger_n unless_o they_o be_v engrave_v also_o and_o cut_v into_o the_o very_a flâ—…sh_n of_o our_o body_n well_o then_o to_o follow_v the_o course_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o order_n of_o our_o life_n as_o meet_v it_o be_v we_o shall_v we_o will_v treat_v in_o the_o first_o place_n of_o tree_n and_o lay_v before_o man_n face_n the_o life_n of_o the_o old_a world_n and_o what_o be_v their_o behaviour_n and_o demeanour_n at_o the_o first_o in_o their_o manner_n of_o live_v chap._n i._n ¶_o the_o honour_n donâ—…_n in_o old_a time_n to_o tree_n when_o the_o planetree_n be_v first_o know_v in_o italy_n and_o of_o their_o nature_n in_o old_a time_n tree_n be_v the_o very_a temple_n of_o the_o god_n and_o according_a to_o that_o ancient_a manner_n the_o plain_a and_o simple_a peasant_n of_o the_o country_n savour_v still_o of_o antiquity_n do_v at_o this_o day_n consecrate_v to_o one_o god_n or_o other_o the_o goodly_a and_o fair_a tree_n that_o they_o can_v meet_v withal_o and_o very_o we_o ourselves_o adore_v not_o with_o more_o reverence_n &_o devotion_n the_o stately_a image_n of_o the_o god_n within_o our_o temple_n make_v tbough_n they_o be_v of_o glitter_a gold_n and_o beautiful_a ivory_n than_o the_o very_a grove_n and_o tuft_n of_o tree_n wherein_o we_o worship_v the_o same_o god_n in_o all_o religious_a silence_n first_o and_o foremost_a the_o ancient_a ceremony_n of_o dedicate_a this_o and_o that_o kind_n of_o tree_n to_o several_a god_n as_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a unto_o they_o be_v always_o observe_v and_o continue_v yet_o to_o this_o day_n for_o the_o mighty_a great_a oak_n name_v aeschylus_n be_v consecrate_v to_o jupiter_n the_o laurel_n to_o apollo_n the_o olive_n tree_n to_o minerva_n the_o myrtle_n to_o venus_n and_o the_o poplar_n to_o hercules_n moreover_o it_o be_v receive_v and_o believe_v general_o that_o the_o sylvan_n and_o faun_n yea_o and_o certain_a goddess_n be_v appropriate_a and_o assign_v to_o wood_n and_o sorrest_n yea_o there_o be_v attribute_v unto_o those_o place_n a_o certain_a divine_a power_n and_o godhead_n there_o to_o inhabit_v as_o well_o as_o unto_o heaven_n the_o proper_a seat_n for_o other_o god_n and_o goddess_n afterward_o in_o process_n of_o time_n man_n begin_v to_o taste_v also_o the_o fruit_n of_o tree_n and_o find_v therein_o a_o juice_n without_o all_o comparison_n more_o lenitive_n and_o pleasant_a to_o the_o contentment_n of_o their_o nature_n than_o that_o which_o come_v of_o corn_n and_o grain_n for_o thereof_o make_v they_o oil_n a_o singular_a liquor_n to_o refresh_v and_o comfort_v the_o outward_a member_n and_o part_n of_o the_o body_n out_o of_o it_o they_o press_v wine_n the_o only_a drink_n that_o give_v strength_n within_o and_o fortify_v the_o vital_a power_n from_o thence_o gather_v we_o so_o many_o fruit_n yearly_o grow_v and_o come_v of_o themselves_o without_o the_o labour_n and_o industry_n of_o man_n and_o albeit_o to_o serve_v our_o belly_n &_o please_v our_o tooth_n we_o stick_v not_o to_o maintain_v fight_n and_o deal_v in_o combat_n with_o wild_a beast_n in_o the_o forest_n although_o we_o hazard_v ourselves_o in_o the_o sea_n to_o meet_v with_o monstrous_a fish_n which_o be_v feed_v with_o the_o dead_a body_n of_o man_n cast_v away_o by_o shipwreck_n and_o all_o to_o furnish_v and_o set_v out_o the_o table_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o cheer_n think_v good_a enough_o unless_o fruit_n also_o be_v send_v up_o at_o the_o late_a end_n that_o they_o may_v have_v the_o honour_n in_o all_o feast_n of_o the_o second_o service_n and_o the_o banquet_n beside_o all_o this_o tree_n serve_v our_o turn_n for_o a_o thousand_o necessary_a use_n without_o which_o our_o life_n can_v not_o be_v well_o maintain_v with_o tree_n we_o sail_v over_o sea_n into_o strange_a land_n and_o by_o transport_v commodity_n and_o merchandise_n too_o &_o fro_o we_o make_v land_n meet_v together_o of_o tree_n we_o build_v our_o house_n wherein_o we_o dwell_v tree_n be_v the_o matter_n in_o time_n past_a whereof_o be_v make_v the_o image_n of_o the_o god_n for_o as_o yet_o no_o man_n think_v of_o the_o costly_a anatomy_n of_o the_o elephant_n neither_o be_v their_o tooth_n in_o any_o account_n whereas_o now_o adays_o we_o make_v the_o trestle_n frame_n and_o foot_n of_o our_o table_n even_o of_o the_o same_o ivory_n that_o we_o see_v the_o face_n of_o god_n be_v portray_v of_o as_o if_o we_o have_v our_o warrant_n from_o they_o to_o begin_v &_o maintain_v our_o riot_n and_o superfluity_n in_o this_o behalf_n we_o find_v in_o old_a chronicle_n that_o the_o frenchman_n and_o gaul_n take_v occasion_n first_o to_o come_v down_o into_o italy_n &_o to_o overspread_v the_o whole_a country_n notwithstanding_o they_o be_v beforetime_o debar_v from_o thence_o by_o the_o impregnable_a fort_n as_o it_o be_v and_o the_o unpasseable_a bulwark_n of_o the_o alps_o between_o because_o one_o elico_fw-la a_o swisser_n or_o helvetian_a who_o have_v make_v long_o abide_v at_o rome_n where_o he_o be_v entertain_v for_o his_o skill_n in_o smith_n work_n and_o carpentry_n at_o his_o return_n home_o again_o into_o his_o country_n bring_v over_o with_o he_o dry_a fig_n and_o raisin_n the_o first_o fruit_n also_o as_o it_o be_v of_o oil_n &_o wine_n for_o a_o taste_n to_o set_v their_o tooth_n a_o water_v and_o therefore_o the_o french_a have_v good_a reason_n and_o may_v well_o be_v bear_v withal_o and_o pardon_v for_o seek_v to_o conquer_v even_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n those_o country_n where_o
apothecary_n call_v the_o flower_n of_o it_o and_o that_o calamus_fw-la be_v count_v better_o which_o have_v more_o in_o it_o of_o these_o flower_n there_o be_v another_o mark_n also_o of_o good_a calamus_fw-la namely_o if_o it_o be_v black_a and_o yet_o in_o some_o place_n they_o make_v no_o reckon_n of_o the_o black_a calamus_fw-la but_o in_o a_o word_n the_o short_a and_o thick_a that_o the_o reed_n be_v the_o better_a be_v the_o calamus_fw-la and_o the_o same_o be_v more_o supple_a and_o pliable_a when_o a_o man_n will_v break_v it_o as_o for_o calamus_fw-la it_o be_v worth_a eleven_o denier_n the_o pound_n but_o squinanth_n be_v sell_v for_o fifteen_o moreover_o some_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o sweet_a rush_n or_o squinanth_n find_v in_o campania_n and_o now_o be_v we_o go_v from_o those_o land_n that_o coast_n upon_o the_o deep_a ocean_n and_o come_v to_o those_o that_o confront_v and_o lie_v upon_o our_o mediterranean_a sea_n chap._n xxiii_o ¶_o of_o hammoniacum_n and_o spagnum_fw-la to_o begin_v withal_o in_o the_o sand_n of_o those_o part_n of_o africa_n which_o lie_v under_o aethiopia_n there_o be_v a_o liquor_n distil_v call_v in_o greek_a hammoniacum_n of_o hammon_n which_o signify_v sand_n and_o the_o oracle_n of_o jupiter_n hammon_n for_o near_o unto_o the_o temple_n where_o the_o say_a oracle_n return_v answer_n there_o grow_v certain_a tree_n within_o the_o sand_n which_o they_o call_v metopia_n from_o which_o hammoniacum_n drop_v in_o manner_n of_o a_o rosin_n or_o gum_n and_o of_o it_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n the_o one_o be_v name_v thrauston_n like_v unto_o the_o male_a or_o better_a frankincense_n and_o be_v most_o esteem_v the_o other_o be_v fat_a and_o full_a of_o rosin_n and_o they_o call_v it_o phyrama_n the_o manner_n to_o sophisticate_a hammoniacum_n be_v with_o sand_n to_o make_v man_n believe_v that_o it_o grow_v among_o the_o sand_n and_o gather_v it_o in_o the_o grow_a and_o come_v up_o and_o therefore_o the_o good_a ammoniacum_n be_v know_v when_o it_o be_v in_o least_o morsel_n and_o those_o very_a clear_a the_o price_n of_o the_o best_a be_v after_o forty_o ass_n the_o pound_n beneath_o these_o quarter_n and_o within_o the_o province_n cyrenaica_n there_o be_v find_v a_o pass_v sweet_a moss_n call_v sphagnos_n and_o of_o some_o bryon_n aromaticum_fw-la of_o all_o such_o mosses_n this_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o best_a next_o unto_o it_o be_v that_o of_o cyprus_n and_o in_o a_o three_o rank_n the_o moss_n which_o grow_v in_o phoenicia_n there_o be_v such_o moss_n by_o report_n in_o egypt_n and_o likewise_o in_o france_n whereof_o for_o my_o part_n i_o make_v no_o doubt_n for_o they_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o grey_a and_o whitish_a hair_n that_o we_o see_v hang_v to_o tree_n and_o about_o the_o oak_n especial_o call_v common_o moss_n but_o only_o that_o these_o be_v sweet_a and_o odoriferous_a the_o chief_a praise_n be_v of_o the_o white_a and_o light_a a_o second_o commendation_n belong_v to_o that_o which_o be_v red_a but_o the_o black_a be_v worth_a nothing_o neither_o be_v any_o reckon_n make_v of_o that_o which_o grow_v in_o island_n and_o rock_n and_o to_o conclude_v all_o those_o that_o smell_v not_o as_o moss_n shall_v burr_n rather_o like_v to_o date_n or_o the_o plant_n whereof_o they_o come_v chap._n xxiiii_o ¶_o of_o cyprus_n aspalathus_n and_o marum_n there_o be_v a_o tree_n in_o egypt_n call_v cypros_n bear_v leaf_n like_v to_o ziziphus_n or_o the_o jujube_n tree_n and_o a_o grain_n resemble_v coriander_n seed_n with_o a_o white_a flower_n very_o pleasant_a and_o sweet_a these_o flower_n be_v steep_v and_o sod_v in_o common_a oil_n out_o of_o which_o be_v afterward_o press_v medicinable_a oil_n call_v cyprus_n or_o cyprinum_n a_o pound_n of_o it_o will_v cost_v five_o roman_a denier_n the_o best_a come_v from_o that_o tree_n which_o grow_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o that_o river_n nilus_n about_o canopus_n which_o be_v the_o first_o mouth_n where_o it_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n the_o second_o in_o goodness_n grow_v about_o ascalon_n a_o city_n of_o judaea_n the_o three_o in_o worth_a for_o smell_v and_o sweetness_n be_v have_v from_o the_o isle_n cyprus_n some_o take_v this_o cyprus_n to_o be_v the_o plant_n which_o in_o italy_n be_v call_v ligustrum_fw-la i._n privet_fw-la in_o the_o same_o tract_n grow_v aspalathus_n a_o white_a thorny_a shrub_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o small_a tree_n and_o bear_v a_o flower_n resemble_v a_o rose_n the_o root_n of_o it_o be_v in_o request_n for_o the_o make_n of_o sweet_a perfume_n and_o ointment_n there_o go_v a_o common_a speech_n that_o every_o plant_n over_o which_o the_o rainbow_n be_v see_v bend_v will_v cast_v the_o same_o send_v that_o aspalathus_n do_v but_o if_o it_o chance_v that_o the_o rainbow_n settle_v over_o aspalathus_n than_o it_o will_v yield_v a_o sweet_a savour_n incomparable_a and_o such_o as_o can_v be_v express_v some_o call_v it_o erysiceptrum_fw-la other_o sceptrum_fw-la simple_o the_o good_a aspalathus_n be_v red_a or_o rather_o of_o a_o fiery_a colour_n massy_a and_o heavy_a in_o hand_n with_o a_o smell_n of_o castoreum_n it_o be_v sell_v for_o fifteen_o denier_n the_o pound_n in_o egypt_n likewise_o there_o grow_v marum_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o good_a as_o that_o of_o lydia_n for_o it_o have_v great_a leaf_n and_o those_o spot_v with_o sundry_a colour_n whereas_o the_o other_o have_v little_a short_a leaf_n but_o they_o smell_v pass_v sweet_a chap._n xxv_o ¶_o of_o balm_n as_o well_o the_o liquor_n thereof_o call_v opobalsamum_n as_o the_o wood_n name_v xylobalsamum_n also_o of_o storax_n calamita_n and_o galbanum_fw-la but_o the_o balm_n be_v that_o sweet_a and_o odoriferous_a liquor_n that_o go_v beyond_o all_o other_o the_o tree_n that_o yield_v it_o nature_n have_v bestow_v only_o upon_o the_o land_n of_o jury_n in_o old_a time_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v but_o in_o two_o park_n or_o hortyard_n belong_v both_o to_o the_o king_n of_o jury_n whereof_o the_o one_o contain_v not_o above_o twenty_o jugera_fw-la or_o acre_n the_o other_o not_o so_o much_o the_o emperor_n vespasian_n both_o father_n and_o son_n bring_v one_o of_o those_o little_a balm_n tree_n to_o rome_n and_o show_v it_o open_o to_o the_o whole_a city_n pompey_n the_o great_a likewise_o make_v proud_a boast_n and_o vaunt_v much_o when_o he_o say_v that_o tree_n also_o by_o he_o be_v bear_v in_o triumph_n now_o this_o balm_n tree_n serve_v and_o do_v homage_n yea_o be_v tributary_n with_o the_o whole_a nation_n where_o it_o grow_v but_o it_o be_v of_o a_o nature_n far_o different_a from_o that_o which_o both_o our_o latin_a writer_n &_o those_o also_o of_o foreign_a country_n have_v describe_v for_o more_o like_o it_o be_v to_o a_o vine_n than_o a_o myrtle_n it_o be_v plant_v by_o slip_n and_o branch_n as_o the_o vine_n and_o of_o lâte_n bind_v and_o tie_v also_o like_o a_o young_a vine_n it_o spread_v and_o fill_v the_o hill_n where_o it_o be_v set_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o those_o vine_n in_o vineyard_n which_o without_o any_o help_n of_o prop_n support_v and_o bear_v up_o themselves_o cut_a likewise_o it_o be_v prune_v and_o cleanse_v from_o those_o superfluous_a shoot_n that_o it_o put_v out_o it_o love_v to_o be_v well_o husband_v dig_v about_o rake_v and_o trim_v and_o with_o this_o order_n grow_v apace_o so_o as_o within_o three_o year_n it_o be_v fruitful_a it_o bear_v a_o leaf_n much_o like_o to_o rue_v and_o continue_v with_o a_o green_a head_n all_o the_o year_n long_o at_o the_o sack_n and_o destructon_n of_o jerusalem_n the_o jew_n in_o a_o furious_a rage_n both_o against_o their_o own_o person_n &_o their_o good_n will_v needs_o have_v wreak_v their_o anger_n and_o be_v revenge_v on_o the_o poor_a balm_n tree_n and_o have_v spoil_v they_o for_o ever_o but_o the_o roman_n on_o the_o other_o side_n stand_v in_o their_o defence_n so_o as_o about_o this_o very_a plant_n there_o be_v a_o cruel_a battle_n fight_v but_o now_o these_o tree_n be_v unite_v unto_o the_o domain_a of_o our_o empire_n and_o by_o order_n from_o the_o state_n be_v set_v and_o maintain_v so_o as_o never_o at_o any_o time_n before_o be_v they_o more_o in_o number_n or_o tall_a of_o growth_n how_o beit_v the_o high_a exceed_v not_o two_o cubit_n and_o three_o sort_n there_o be_v of_o they_o the_o first_o have_v small_a branch_n and_o small_a like_o hair_n whereupon_o it_o be_v call_v eutheristos_n i._n easy_a to_o be_v cut_v or_o lop_v the_o second_o rough_a and_o rugged_a to_o see_v to_o bowing_z and_o bend_v forward_o full_a of_o twig_n and_o branch_n sweet_a also_o than_o the_o other_o to_o smell_v to_o and_o this_o they_o name_n trachy_n in_o greek_a which_o be_v as_o
all_o other_o the_o thin_a have_v but_o one_o kernel_n within_o which_o they_o call_v gigarton_n and_o the_o same_o very_a small_a and_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o find_v a_o bunch_n without_o one_o or_o two_o pass_v great_a grape_n above_o the_o rest_n there_o be_v also_o a_o kind_n of_o black_a aminean_a grape_n which_o some_o name_n syriaca_n likewise_o the_o grape_n of_o spain_n which_o of_o the_o base_a and_o common_a kind_n carry_v the_o great_a credit_n and_o be_v most_o commend_v as_o touch_v both_o vine_n and_o grape_n that_o run_v and_o trail_v upon_o frame_n there_o be_v those_o which_o be_v call_v escariae_fw-la good_a only_o for_o to_o eat_v and_o namely_o those_o which_o have_v grain_n or_o stone_n like_v to_o ivy_n berry_n as_o well_o white_a as_o black_a grape_n resemble_v great_a dug_n name_v thereupon_o bumasti_n both_o black_a and_o white_a be_v carry_v upon_o frame_n in_o like_a sort_n but_o all_o this_o while_n we_o have_v not_o speak_v of_o the_o egyptian_a and_o rhodian_a grape_n ne_o yet_o of_o the_o ounce-grape_n whereof_o every_o one_o weigh_v a_o good_a ounce_n and_o thereupon_o take_v that_o name_n item_n the_o grape_n pucina_fw-la the_o black_a of_o all_o other_o the_o stephanitis_n also_o wherein_o nature_n have_v seem_v to_o disport_v herself_o for_o the_o leave_v run_v among_o the_o grape_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o garland_n plait_v with_o they_o moreover_o the_o market-grape_n call_v forenses_fw-la they_o grow_v and_o be_v ripe_a with_o the_o soon_o vendible_a at_o the_o very_a first_o sight_n and_o sell_v with_o the_o best_a and_o most_o easy_a to_o be_v carry_v from_o market_n to_o market_n but_o contrariwise_o the_o ash-coloured_a grape_n cinerea_n the_o silk-russet_a grape_n ravuscula_n the_o asse-hued_n grape_n asinisca_n please_v not_o the_o eye_n but_o be_v present_o reject_v and_o yet_o the_o fox-tailed_n grape_n alopecis_fw-la for_o that_o it_o resemble_v rainards_n tail_n be_v not_o so_o displeasant_a nor_o so_o much_o discommend_v as_o the_o former_a about_o a_o cape_n or_o crest_n of_o the_o hill_n ida_n which_o they_o call_v phalacra_n there_o be_v a_o vine_n name_v alexandrina_n small_a of_o growth_n and_o put_v forth_o branch_n of_o a_o cubit_n in_o length_n the_o grape_n be_v black_a as_o big_a as_o bean_n the_o pepin_n or_o kernel_n within_o soft_a tender_a and_o exceed_v small_a the_o bunch_n be_v crooked_a full_a of_o grape_n pass_v sweet_a and_o final_o the_o leave_v little_a round_o and_o not_o cut_v or_o jagged_a at_o all_o within_o these_o seven_o year_n last_o pass_v about_o alba_n eluia_n a_o city_n in_o languedock_n or_o the_o province_n of_o narbon_n there_o be_v find_v a_o vine_n which_o in_o one_o day_n both_o flower_a and_o shed_v her_o flower_n by_o which_o mean_v most_o secure_v it_o be_v from_o all_o danger_n of_o the_o weather_n they_o call_v it_o narbonica_fw-la or_o the_o vine_n of_o languedock_n and_o now_o it_o be_v common_o plant_v all_o that_o province_n over_o and_o every_o man_n desire_v to_o store_v his_o vineyard_n therewith_o chap._n four_o ¶_o notable_a consideration_n about_o the_o husbandry_n and_o order_n of_o vineyard_n that_o noble_a and_o worthy_a cato_n the_o first_o of_o that_o name_n renown_v among_o other_o dignity_n for_o his_o honourable_a triumph_n and_o the_o incorrupt_a administration_n of_o his_o censorship_n and_o yet_o more_o famous_a and_o renown_a to_o posterity_n for_o his_o singular_a knowledge_n and_o learning_n and_o namely_o for_o the_o good_a precept_n and_o ordinance_n tend_v to_o all_o virtue_n and_o commendable_a part_n which_o he_o leave_v in_o memory_n for_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n &_o principal_o touch_v agriculture_n as_o he_o be_v by_o the_o common_a voice_n and_o general_a accord_n of_o that_o age_n wherein_o he_o live_v repute_v for_o a_o excellent_a husbandman_n and_o one_o who_o in_o that_o profession_n have_v neither_o peer_n nor_o second_v that_o come_v near_o unto_o he_o this_o cato_n i_o say_v have_v in_o his_o work_n make_v mention_v but_o of_o a_o few_o kind_n of_o vine_n and_o yet_o some_o of_o they_o already_o be_v grow_v out_o of_o knowledge_n so_o as_o their_o very_a name_n be_v quite_o forget_v yet_o nevertheless_o his_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n will_v be_v set_v down_o in_o particular_a as_o it_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o his_o whole_a treatise_n to_o the_o end_n that_o we_o may_v both_o know_v in_o every_o kind_n of_o vine_n which_o be_v of_o most_o account_n in_o his_o day_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o 600_o year_n after_o the_o foundation_n of_o rome_n about_o the_o time_n that_o carthage_n and_o corinth_n be_v force_v and_o win_v when_o he_o depart_v this_o life_n and_o also_o learn_v how_o much_o we_o have_v profit_v and_o proceed_v in_o good_a husbandry_n and_o agriculture_n from_o his_o death_n unto_o this_o present_a day_n namely_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 230_o year_n as_o concern_v vine_n and_o grape_n therefore_o thus_o much_o have_v cato_n deliver_v in_o writing_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n follow_v all_o place_n or_o ground_n quoth_v he_o expose_v to_o the_o sunshine_n and_o which_o in_o other_o regard_n shall_v be_v find_v good_a for_o to_o plant_v vineyard_n in_o see_v they_o be_v employ_v for_o the_o less_o aminean_a for_o both_o the_o eugenian_a vine_n and_o the_o small_a heluine_n item_n in_o every_o tract_n that_o be_v more_o gross_a thick_a and_o misty_a look_v that_o you_o set_v the_o great_a aminean_a or_o the_o murgentine_a the_o apician_n also_o and_o the_o lucan_n vine_n all_o other_o vine_n and_o the_o common_a mingle_a sort_n especial_o will_v agree_v well_o enough_o with_o any_o ground_n the_o right_a keep_n of_o grape_n be_v in_o a_o small_a thin_a wine_n of_o the_o second_o run_v the_o grape_n duracinae_fw-la and_o the_o great_a amineans_n be_v good_a to_o be_v hang_v or_o else_o dry_v before_o a_o blackesmithe_n forge_v and_o so_o they_o may_v be_v well_o preserve_v and_o go_v for_o raisin_n of_o the_o sun_n loe_o what_o the_o precept_n of_o cato_n be_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o of_o this_o argument_n more_o ancient_a leave_v unto_o we_o write_v in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n whereby_o we_o may_v see_v that_o we_o live_v not_o long_o after_o the_o very_a first_o rudiment_n and_o beginning_n of_o knowledge_n in_o these_o matter_n but_o by_o the_o way_n the_o amineans_n last_o name_v varro_n call_v scantians_n and_o in_o very_a truth_n few_o there_o be_v even_o in_o this_o our_o age_n who_o have_v leave_v any_o rule_n in_o form_n of_o art_n as_o touch_v the_o absolute_a skill_n in_o this_o behalf_n yet_o such_o as_o they_o be_v and_o how_o few_o soever_o we_o must_v not_o leave_v they_o behind_o but_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o take_v they_o with_o we_o to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v be_v know_v what_o reward_n &_o profit_n they_o meet_v with_o who_o travel_v in_o this_o point_n of_o husbandry_n reward_n i_o say_v and_o profit_n which_o in_o every_o thing_n be_v all_o in_o all_o to_o begin_v therefore_o with_o acilius_n sihenelus_fw-la or_o stelenus_n a_o mean_a commoner_n of_o rome_n descend_v from_o the_o race_n of_o libertine_n or_o slave_n new_o enfranchise_v he_o attain_v to_o the_o high_a glory_n and_o great_a name_n of_o all_o other_o for_o have_v in_o the_o whole_a world_n not_o above_o 60_o acre_n of_o land_n lâ—…ing_v all_o in_o vineyard_n within_o the_o territory_n of_o nomentum_n he_o play_v the_o good_a husband_n so_o well_o therâ—…n_o that_o he_o sell_v they_o again_o at_o the_o price_n of_o 400000_o sesterce_n there_o go_v a_o great_a bruit_n and_o fame_n likewise_o of_o one_o verulenus_fw-la aegialus_n in_o his_o time_n a_o man_n but_o of_o base_a condition_n by_o birth_n and_o no_o better_a than_o the_o former_a namely_o come_v of_o the_o stock_n of_o freedman_n who_o by_o his_o labour_n &_o husbandry_n great_o enrich_v a_o domain_n or_o live_n at_o liternum_n in_o campaine_n and_o the_o more_o renown_a he_o be_v by_o occasion_n of_o the_o favour_n of_o so_o many_o man_n affectionate_a unto_o africanus_n who_o very_a place_n of_o exile_n he_o hold_v in_o his_o hand_n and_o occupy_v so_o well_o for_o unto_o scipio_n the_o above_o say_v liternum_n appertain_v but_o the_o great_a voice_n and_o speech_n of_o man_n be_v of_o rhemnius_n palaemon_n who_o otherwise_o by_o profession_n be_v a_o famous_a and_o renown_a grammarian_n for_o that_o he_o by_o the_o mean_n and_o help_n of_o the_o foresay_a sthenelus_n buy_v a_o farm_n within_o these_o twenty_o year_n for_o 600000_o sesterce_n in_o the_o same_o territory_n of_o nomentum_n about_o ten_o mile_n distant_a from_o rome_n lie_v somewhat_o out_o of_o the_o high_a way_n now_o be_v it_o well_o know_v far_o and_o near_o of_o what_o price_n and_o account_v all_o such_o ferme_n be_v and_o how_o cheap_a such_o ware_n be_v lie_v so_o near_o to_o the_o
city_n side_n but_o among_o the_o rest_n this_o of_o palaemon_n in_o that_o place_n be_v esteem_v most_o cheap_a and_o low_a prise_v in_o this_o regard_n especial_o that_o he_o have_v purchase_v those_o land_n which_o through_o the_o carelessness_n &_o bad_a husbandry_n of_o the_o former_a owner_n lay_v neglect_v and_o fore-let_a &_o be_v not_o of_o themselves_o think_v to_o be_v of_o the_o best_a soil_n choose_v and_o pike_a from_o among_o the_o worst_a but_o be_v enter_v once_o upon_o those_o ground_n as_o his_o own_o livelode_n and_o possession_n he_o set_v in_o hand_n to_o husband_n and_o manure_v they_o not_o so_o much_o of_o any_o good_a mind_n and_o affection_n that_o he_o have_v to_o improve_v and_o better_v any_o thing_n that_o he_o hold_v but_o upon_o a_o vain_a glory_n of_o his_o own_o at_o the_o first_o whereunto_o he_o be_v wondrous_o give_v for_o he_o make_v fallow_n of_o his_o vine-plot_n anew_o and_o delu_v they_o all_o over_o again_o as_o he_o have_v see_v sthenelus_n to_o do_v with_o his_o before_z but_o what_o with_o dig_v stir_v and_o meddle_v therewith_o follow_v the_o good_a example_n and_o husbandry_n of_o sthenelus_n he_o bring_v his_o vineyard_n to_o so_o good_a a_o pass_n within_o one_o eight_o year_n that_o the_o fruit_n of_o one_o year_n vintage_n be_v hold_v at_o 400000_o sesterce_n and_o yield_v so_o much_o rend_v to_o the_o lord_n a_o wonderful_a and_o miraculous_a thing_n that_o a_o ground_n shall_v be_v so_o much_o improove_v in_o so_o small_a a_o time_n and_o in_o very_a truth_n it_o be_v strange_a to_o see_v what_o number_n of_o people_n will_v run_v thither_o only_o to_o see_v the_o huge_a and_o mighty_a heap_n of_o grape_n gather_v in_o those_o vineyard_n of_o he_o and_o ill_o idle_a neighbour_n about_o he_o who_o ground_n yield_v no_o such_o increase_n attribute_v all_o to_o his_o deep_a learning_n and_o that_o he_o go_v to_o it_o by_o his_o book_n &_o have_v some_o hide_a speculation_n above_o other_o man_n object_v against_o he_o that_o he_o practise_v art_n magic_a and_o the_o black_a science_n but_o last_o of_o all_o annaeas_n seneca_n esteem_v in_o those_o day_n a_o singular_a clerk_n and_o a_o mighty_a great_a man_n who_o overmuch_o learn_v and_o exceed_v power_n cost_v he_o his_o overthrow_v in_o the_o end_n one_o who_o have_v good_a skill_n and_o judgement_n in_o the_o world_n and_o use_v least_o of_o all_o other_o to_o esteem_v toy_n and_o vanity_n bring_v this_o ferm_n into_o a_o great_a name_n and_o credit_n for_o so_o far_o in_o love_n be_v he_o of_o this_o possession_n that_o he_o buy_v out_o palaemon_n and_o be_v not_o ashamed_a to_o let_v he_o go_v away_o with_o the_o prick_n and_o praise_n for_o good_a husbandry_n and_o to_o remove_v he_o into_o other_o part_n where_o he_o may_v show_v the_o like_a cunning_n and_o in_o one_o word_n pay_v for_o these_o foresay_a vineyard_n of_o his_o fourfold_a as_o much_o as_o they_o cost_v not_o above_o ten_o year_n before_o this_o good_a husbandry_n be_v bestow_v upon_o they_o certes_o great_a pity_n it_o be_v that_o the_o like_a industry_n be_v not_o show_v and_o employ_v in_o the_o territory_n about_o the_o hill_n cecubus_fw-la &_o setinus_n where_o no_o doubt_n it_o will_v have_v well_o quit_v all_o the_o cost_n consider_v that_o many_o a_o time_n afterward_o every_o acre_n of_o vineyard_n there_o yield_v seven_o culei_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v 140_o amphore_n of_o new_a wine_n one_o year_n with_o another_o but_o lest_o any_o man_n shall_v think_v that_o we_o in_o these_o day_n have_v surpass_v our_o ancestor_n in_o diligence_n as_o touch_v good_a husbandry_n know_v he_o that_o the_o above_o name_v cato_n have_v leave_v in_o writing_n how_o of_o a_o acre_n of_o vineyard_n there_o have_v arisen_a ordinary_o vrsinus_n ten_o culei_fw-la of_o wine_n by_o the_o year_n certain_o these_o be_v effectual_a example_n and_o pregnant_a proof_n that_o the_o hardy_a and_o adventurous_a voyage_n by_o sea_n be_v not_o more_o advantageous_a ne_o yet_o the_o commodity_n and_o merchandise_n and_o namely_o pearl_n which_o be_v fetch_v as_o far_o as_o the_o red_a sea_n and_o the_o indian_a ocean_n be_v more_o gainful_a to_o the_o merchant_n than_o a_o good_a ferm_n and_o homestall_n in_o the_o country_n well_o till_v and_o careful_o husband_v as_o touch_v the_o wine_n in_o old_a time_n homer_n write_v that_o the_o maronean_a wine_n make_v of_o the_o grape_n grow_v upon_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o africa_n be_v the_o best_a &_o most_o excellent_a in_o his_o day_n but_o my_o meaning_n be_v not_o to_o ground_n upon_o fabulous_a tale_n &_o variable_a report_n as_o touch_v the_o excellency_n or_o antiquity_n of_o wine_n true_a it_o be_v that_o aristaeus_n be_v the_o first_o who_o in_o that_o very_a nation_n mingle_v honey_n with_o wine_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o pass_v sweet_a and_o pleasant_a liquor_n make_v of_o two_o nature_n so_o singular_a as_o they_o be_v of_o themselves_o and_o yet_o to_o come_v again_o to_o the_o foresay_a maronean_a wine_n the_o same_o homer_n say_v that_o to_o one_o part_n thereof_o there_o will_v be_v but_o 20_o part_n of_o water_n and_o even_o at_o this_o day_n that_o kind_n of_o wine_n continue_v in_o the_o say_a land_n of_o the_o same_o force_n and_o the_o strength_n thereof_o will_v not_o be_v conquer_v nor_o allay_v for_o mutianus_n who_o have_v be_v thrice_o consul_n of_o rome_n &_o one_o of_o those_o that_o late_a write_v of_o this_o matter_n find_v by_o experience_n be_v himself_o personal_o in_o that_o tract_n that_o every_o sextar_n or_o quart_n of_o that_o wine_n will_v bear_v 8_o of_o water_n who_o report_v moreover_o that_o the_o wine_n be_v of_o colour_n black_a of_o a_o fragrant_a sweet_a smell_n and_o by_o age_n come_v to_o be_v fat_a and_o unctuous_a moreover_o the_o pramnian_a wine_n which_o the_o same_o homer_n have_v so_o high_o commend_v continue_v yet_o in_o credit_n and_o hold_v the_o name_n still_o it_o come_v from_o a_o vineyard_n in_o the_o country_n about_o smyrna_n near_o to_o the_o temple_n of_o cybele_n the_o mother_n of_o the_o god_n as_o for_o other_o wine_n no_o one_o kind_a apart_o excel_v other_o one_o year_n there_o be_v when_o all_o wine_n prove_v pass_v good_a to_o wit_n when_o l._n opimius_n be_v consul_n at_o what_o time_n as_o c._n gracchus_n a_o tribune_n of_o the_o commons_o practise_v to_o sow_v sedition_n within_o the_o city_n among_o the_o common_a people_n be_v slay_v for_o then_o such_o seasonable_a weather_n happen_v and_o so_o favourable_a for_o ill_a fruit_n that_o they_o call_v it_o coctura_fw-la as_o a_o man_n will_v say_v the_o ripen_a time_n so_o beneficial_a be_v the_o sun_n to_o the_o earth_n and_o this_o fall_v out_o in_o the_o year_n after_o the_o nativity_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n 634._o moreover_o there_o be_v some_o wine_n so_o durable_a that_o they_o have_v be_v know_v to_o last_v two_o hundred_o year_n and_o be_v come_v now_o by_o this_o time_n to_o the_o quality_n and_o consistence_n of_o a_o rough_a sharp_a and_o austere_a kind_n of_o honey_n and_o this_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o all_o when_o they_o be_v old_a neither_o be_v they_o potable_a alone_o by_o themselves_o unless_o the_o water_n be_v predominant_a so_o tart_a they_o be_v of_o the_o lees_n and_o so_o musty_a withal_o that_o they_o be_v bitter_a again_o howbeit_o a_o certain_a mixture_n there_o be_v of_o they_o in_o a_o very_a small_a quantity_n with_o other_o wine_n that_o give_v a_o pretty_a commendable_a taste_n unto_o they_o suppose_v now_o that_o according_a to_o the_o price_n of_o wine_n in_o those_o day_n of_o opimius_n every_o amphore_n be_v set_v but_o at_o a_o hundred_o sesterce_n yet_o after_o the_o usury_n of_o six_o in_o the_o hundred_o yearly_a which_o be_v the_o ordinary_a proportion_n and_o a_o reasonable_a interest_n among_o citizen_n for_o the_o principal_a that_o lie_v dead_a and_o dormant_a in_o stock_n by_o the_o hundred_o and_o sixty_v year_n after_o the_o say_a amphor_n be_v buy_v which_o fall_v out_o in_o the_o time_n that_o c._n caligula_n caesar_n the_o son_n of_o germanicus_n be_v emperor_n no_o marvel_n if_o a_o ounce_n in_o measure_n of_o the_o same_o wine_n to_o wit_n the_o twelve_o part_n of_o a_o sextarius_fw-la cost_v s_n so_o many_o sesterce_n for_o as_o we_o have_v show_v by_o a_o notable_a example_n when_o we_o do_v set_v down_o the_o life_n of_o pomponius_n secundus_n the_o poet_n and_o the_o feast_n that_o he_o make_v to_o the_o say_a prince_n caligula_n there_o be_v not_o a_o half_a cyathus_n of_o that_o wine_n draw_v but_o so_o much_o be_v pay_v for_o it_o loe_o what_o a_o deal_n of_o money_n lie_v in_o these_o wine-cellar_n for_o keep_v of_o wine_n and_o in_o very_a truth_n there_o be_v nothing_o
rome_n be_v wont_a to_o go_v before_o all_o other_o as_o also_o the_o fundane_a vine_n have_v their_o time_n as_o well_o those_o that_o be_v plant_v in_o vineyard_n as_o they_o which_o run_v upon_o tree_n like_v as_o those_o of_o the_o other_o side_n near_o also_o to_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n &_o namely_o from_o veliternum_n and_o privernum_n for_o as_o touch_v the_o wine_n of_o signia_n it_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o medicine_n only_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o astringent_a verdure_n that_o it_o have_v it_o be_v excellent_a good_a to_o stay_v the_o flux_n of_o the_o belly_n in_o the_o four_o place_n of_o this_o race_n of_o vine_n julius_n caesar_n late_a emperor_n of_o famous_a memory_n have_v range_v for_o to_o serve_v the_o public_a and_o solemn_a feast_n of_o the_o city_n the_o mamertine_n wine_n from_o about_o messana_n in_o sicily_n for_o he_o be_v the_o first_o as_o appear_v by_o his_o letter_n missive_a that_o give_v credit_n and_o authority_n unto_o they_o and_o of_o those_o the_o potulane_n wine_n so_o call_v of_o they_o who_o first_o plant_v the_o vine_n whereof_o they_o come_v be_v most_o commend_v and_o namely_o those_o that_o be_v upon_o the_o next_o coast_n of_o italy_n within_o the_o same_o sicily_n the_o taurominitane_a vine_n be_v high_o esteem_v insomuch_o as_o many_o time_n they_o go_v for_o messana_n wine_n and_o be_v so_o sell_v by_o whole_a pottle_n now_o for_o all_o other_o wine_n from_o about_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o tuscan_a sea_n northward_o good_a reckon_n be_v make_v of_o the_o praetutian_a and_o such_o as_o come_v from_o ancone_n also_o of_o the_o palmesian_a wine_n which_o haply_o take_v that_o name_n for_o that_o the_o first_o plant_n of_o that_o vine_n come_v from_o a_o palm_n or_o date_n tree_n but_o in_o the_o midland_n part_n of_o italy_n within_o the_o firm_a land_n good_a regard_n there_o be_v of_o the_o cesenatian_n and_o mecaenatian_n wine_n within_o the_o territory_n of_o verona_n the_o rhetian_a wine_n carry_v the_o price_n which_o virgil_n range_v next_o after_o the_o falerne_n wine_n anon_o you_o come_v to_o the_o wine_n adriane_n and_o those_o that_o grow_v far_o within_o the_o tract_n of_o the_o venice_n gulf_n now_o from_o the_o nether_a sea_n about_o lion_n you_o have_v the_o latiniensian_a the_o graviscane_a and_o the_o statonian_a wine_n throughout_o all_o tuscan_a the_o wine_n about_o luna_n bear_v the_o name_n like_v as_o those_o of_o genes_n for_o liguria_n between_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n and_o the_o alps_n massiles_n have_v the_o commendation_n for_o wine_n of_o a_o double_a taste_n for_o the_o vine_n there_o do_v yield_v a_o certain_a thick_a and_o gross_a wine_n which_o they_o call_v succosum_fw-la i._n full_a of_o juice_n and_o liquor_n good_a to_o season_v other_o wine_n and_o to_o give_v they_o a_o pretty_a taste_n when_o you_o be_v pass_v once_o into_o france_n or_o gaul_n the_o wine_n of_o beterrae_fw-la be_v in_o chief_a request_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n within_o languedoc_n and_o the_o province_n of_o narbon_n i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o avouch_v any_o thing_n for_o certainty_n such_o a_o brew_n and_o sophistication_n of_o they_o they_o make_v what_o with_o fume_v perfume_a and_o colour_v they_o and_o will_v god_n they_o put_v not_o in_o some_o herb_n and_o drug_n among_o that_o be_v not_o good_a for_o man_n body_n for_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o they_o common_o buy_v aloe_n togive_v the_o wine_n both_o another_o taste_n and_o also_o a_o counterfeit_a colour_n moreover_o in_o the_o far_o and_o more_o remote_a coast_n of_o italy_n towards_o the_o ausonian_n sea_n there_o be_v wine_n which_o be_v not_o without_o their_o praise_n and_o commendation_n and_o namely_o those_o of_o tarentum_n seruitium_fw-la and_o consentia_n likewise_o of_o tempsa_n bavia_n and_o lucania_n howbeit_o the_o thurine_a wine_n go_v before_o they_o all_o as_o for_o the_o wine_n of_o lagaria_n which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o grape_n not_o far_o from_o grumeritum_fw-la there_o go_v a_o right_a great_a name_n of_o they_o by_o reason_n that_o messala_n use_v ordinary_o to_o drink_v thereof_o and_o thereby_o be_v suppose_v to_o preserve_v his_o health_n so_o well_o of_o late_a day_n there_o be_v certain_a wine_n in_o campaine_n grow_v into_o credit_n like_a as_o they_o have_v get_v new_a name_n by_o good_a order_n and_o husbandry_n or_o by_o chance_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o namely_o those_o of_o tribellia_n four_o mile_n from_o naples_n of_o caulium_fw-la near_o to_o capua_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o trebulaine_n wine_n within_o theirown_a territory_n for_o before_o time_n they_o be_v ever_o count_v no_o better_a than_o common_a wine_n for_o every_o man_n to_o drink_v no_o more_o than_o the_o trifolines_n from_o whence_o they_o vaunt_v of_o their_o descent_n as_o for_o the_o wine_n of_o pompeij_n a_o town_n in_o the_o kingdom_n or_o naples_n neither_o it_o nor_o the_o vine_n whereof_o it_o come_v will_v last_v above_o ten_o year_n at_o the_o most_o after_o which_o term_n the_o elder_a they_o both_o be_v the_o worse_o they_o be_v beside_o they_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n to_o cause_v the_o headache_n insomuch_o as_o if_o a_o man_n drink_v thereof_o overnight_o he_o shall_v be_v sure_a not_o to_o have_v his_o head_n in_o good_a tune_n until_o noon_n the_o morrow_n after_o by_o which_o example_n above_o rehearse_v it_o be_v plain_a in_o my_o conceit_n that_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o wine_n stand_v much_o upon_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o climate_n and_o not_o in_o the_o grape_n so_o as_o a_o needless_a and_o endless_a matter_n it_o be_v to_o reduce_v all_o kind_n of_o wine_n to_o a_o certain_a number_n consider_v that_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o vine_n plant_v in_o diverse_a place_n have_v sundry_a operation_n and_o make_v variety_n of_o wine_n now_o as_o concern_v the_o wine_n of_o spain_n the_o laletane_a vineyard_n be_v much_o speak_v of_o for_o the_o plenty_n and_o abundance_n of_o wine_n that_o they_o yield_v but_o those_o of_o tarracon_n arragon_n and_o laurone_n be_v much_o praise_v and_o renown_v for_o the_o fine_a and_o neat_a wine_n which_o they_o make_v as_o for_o the_o wine_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o island_n and_o namely_o the_o baleares_n they_o be_v comparable_a to_o the_o very_o best_a in_o italy_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o most_o man_n who_o shall_v read_v this_o treatise_n will_v think_v that_o i_o have_v omit_v and_o overpass_o many_o wine_n for_o every_o man_n like_v his_o own_o and_o as_o one_o fancy_n lead_v so_o go_v the_o voice_n and_o the_o cry_n and_o there_o run_v the_o hare_n away_o it_o be_v report_v that_o one_o of_o augustus_n caesar_n free_v man_n repute_v for_o the_o fine_a taster_n that_o he_o have_v about_o his_o court_n and_o who_o know_v best_o what_o will_v content_v his_o palate_n and_o please_v his_o tooth_n upon_o a_o time_n when_o he_o taste_v the_o wine_n that_o be_v for_o the_o emperor_n board_n at_o what_o time_n as_o he_o make_v a_o feast_n say_v to_o one_o of_o the_o guest_n at_o the_o table_n that_o the_o say_v new_a wine_n indeed_o have_v a_o new_a and_o strange_a taste_n and_o be_v none_o of_o the_o best_a and_o those_o that_o be_v inname_n howbeit_o quoth_v he_o this_o be_v for_o the_o emperor_n cup_n and_o willing_o will_v he_o drink_v of_o no_o other_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v but_o a_o homely_a wine_n make_v hereby_o in_o the_o country_n and_o not_o far_o fetch_v and_o now_o for_o a_o final_a conclusion_n of_o this_o matter_n i_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o there_o be_v other_o wine_n which_o deserve_v to_o be_v number_v among_o those_o that_o be_v right_a good_a and_o commendable_a howbeit_o suffice_v it_o shall_v to_o have_v write_v of_o these_o which_o by_o the_o common_a opinion_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o world_n be_v hold_v for_o the_o better_a chap._n vii_o ¶_o of_o wines_n beyond-sea_o it_o remain_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o outlandish_a wine_n beyond_o the_o sea_n first_o and_o foremost_a therefore_o next_o to_o those_o wine_n renown_v by_o the_o poet_n homer_n and_o whereof_o we_o have_v write_v before_o best_o esteem_v always_o be_v the_o wine_n of_o the_o island_n thasos_n and_o chios_n and_o namely_o that_o of_o chios_n which_o they_o call_v arusium_fw-la or_o aruisium_fw-la erasistratus_n the_o most_o famous_a physician_n of_o his_o time_n match_v with_o these_o the_o lesbian_a wine_n and_o his_o authority_n give_v credit_n unto_o it_o and_o this_o be_v much_o about_o the_o six_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o foundation_n of_o rome_n but_o in_o these_o day_n there_o be_v nowine_n to_o that_o of_o clazomene_n ever_o since_o that_o they_o begin_v to_o put_v thereto_o less_o sea-water_n for_o to_o season_v it_o than_o their_o custom_n be_v as_o for_o the_o wine_n of_o lesbos_n it_o have_v a_o scent_n
other_o old_a wine_n or_o vinegar_n oftentimes_o also_o they_o make_v sliber-sauce_n of_o itself_o without_o any_o other_o mixture_n namely_o when_o they_o boil_v new_a wine_n sufficient_o to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o strength_n until_o the_o hardness_n do_v evaporate_v and_o that_o it_o wax_v mild_a and_o sweet_a but_o be_v thus_o order_v it_o will_v not_o last_v they_o say_v above_o one_o year_n in_o some_o country_n they_o use_v to_o seethe_v their_o new_a wine_n to_o the_o consumption_n of_o a_o thirdpart_n and_o make_v it_o cuit_n with_o which_o they_o be_v wont_n to_o delay_v the_o sharpness_n and_o strength_n of_o other_o wine_n &_o make_v they_o pleasant_a but_o both_o in_o this_o kind_n of_o wine_n and_o in_o all_o other_o the_o vessel_n ought_v to_o be_v prepare_v for_o the_o purpose_n &_o season_v with_o pitch_n the_o treatise_n of_o which_o we_o will_v put_v off_o unto_o the_o next_o book_n where_o we_o purpose_v to_o treat_v thereof_o and_o the_o manner_n of_o make_v it_o chap._n xx._n ¶_o of_o diverse_a kind_n of_o pitch_n and_o rosins_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o season_n and_o confecture_n of_o new_a wine_n also_o of_o vinegar_n and_o salt_n among_o tree_n that_o yield_v from_o they_o a_o liquid_a substance_n some_o there_o be_v in_o the_o east_n country_n and_o other_o in_o europe_n which_o engender_v pitch_n and_o rosin_n asia_n likewise_o between_o both_o have_v of_o either_o side_n it_o some_o such_o tree_n as_o for_o the_o east_n the_o terebinth_n put_v out_o turpentine_n the_o best_a and_o clear_a rosin_n of_o all_o other_o next_o to_o they_o the_o lentiske_n also_o have_v their_o rosin_n which_o they_o call_v mastic_n after_o which_o the_o cypress_n bring_v forth_o a_o three_o rosin_n but_o it_o be_v of_o a_o most_o sharp_a and_o bite_a taste_n all_o these_o tree_n i_o say_v carry_v rosin_n only_o and_o the_o same_o thin_a and_o liquid_a but_o the_o cedar_n send_v forth_o a_o thick_a substance_n and_o good_a to_o make_v pitch_n &_o tar_n as_o for_o the_o rosin_n or_o gum_n arabic_a it_o be_v white_a in_o colour_n strong_a of_o smell_n untoward_a and_o troublesome_a to_o he_o that_o shall_v boil_v it_o that_o of_o jury_n be_v hard_a yea_o and_o of_o a_o strong_a savour_n than_o turpentine_n the_o siriack_a gum_n resemble_v the_o honey_n of_o athens_n the_o cyprian_a excel_v all_o other_o of_o a_o fleshy_a substance_n it_o be_v &_o like_v in_o colour_n to_o honey_n the_o colophonian_n be_v deep_a of_o colour_n and_o red_a beat_v it_o to_o powder_v in_o a_o mortar_n it_o prove_v white_a but_o it_o carry_v a_o strong_a smell_n with_o it_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o the_o perfumer_n and_o maker_n of_o ointment_n have_v no_o use_n thereof_o as_o for_o that_o which_o the_o pitch_n tree_n of_o asia_n do_v yield_v it_o be_v pass_o white_a and_o the_o greek_n call_v it_o spagas_n all_o rosin_n general_o will_v dissolve_v in_o oil_n some_o think_v very_o that_o potter_n clay_n will_v likewise_o do_v the_o same_o but_o i_o be_o abash_v &_o ashamed_a to_o report_v how_o in_o these_o day_n the_o same_o pitch_n whereof_o we_o speak_v shall_v be_v in_o so_o great_a account_n as_o it_o be_v for_o make_v of_o pitch_n plaster_n to_o fetch_v off_o the_o hair_n of_o man_n body_n &_o all_o to_o make_v they_o more_o smooth_a and_o effeminate_a howbeit_o the_o manner_n of_o season_v new_a must_v therewith_o that_o when_o it_o be_v perfect_a wine_n it_o may_v smell_v of_o pitch_n and_o bite_v at_o the_o tongue_n end_n be_v to_o bestrew_v it_o with_o the_o powder_n of_o pitch_n at_o the_o first_o work_v the_o heat_n whereof_o be_v common_o pass_v and_o go_v in_o nine_o day_n and_o some_o think_v that_o the_o wine_n will_v be_v the_o strong_a if_o the_o raw_a and_o green_a flower_n of_o the_o rosin_n as_o it_o issue_v fresh_a out_o of_o the_o tree_n be_v put_v therein_o for_o it_o will_v quicken_v a_o small_a and_o weak_a wine_n now_o this_o mixture_n and_o medicine_n of_o wine_n call_v crapula_n make_v thus_o of_o rosin_n have_v contrary_a effect_n for_o if_o the_o wine_n be_v over-heady_a and_o strong_a it_o allai_v &_o mortify_v the_o hurtful_a force_n thereof_o but_o if_o it_o be_v too_o weak_a or_o drink_v dead_a &_o flat_a it_o reviu_v again_o and_o give_v it_o a_o strong_a taste_n in_o liguria_n and_o principal_o along_o the_o po_n they_o use_v to_o season_v their_o wine_n and_o bring_v they_o all_o to_o their_o several_a perfection_n in_o this_o manner_n if_o the_o wine_n when_o it_o be_v new_o be_v mighty_a and_o strong_a they_o put_v in_o the_o more_o of_o this_o medicine_n or_o confection_n call_v crapula_n if_o it_o be_v mild_a and_o small_a than_o the_o less_o go_v into_o it_o and_o keep_v this_o gage_n with_o their_o hand_n they_o make_v both_o good_a some_o will_v have_v one_o wine_n brew_v with_o another_o the_o weak_a with_o the_o strong_a and_o so_o forsooth_o there_o must_v needs_o arise_v a_o good_a temperature_n of_o both_o together_o and_o very_o there_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n again_o which_o have_v in_o the_o nature_n thereof_o so_o great_a variety_n in_o some_o country_n if_o new_a wine_n work_v of_o itself_o a_o second_o time_n it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v a_o fault_n and_o mean_n to_o corrupt_v it_o and_o indeed_o upon_o such_o a_o chance_n &_o unhappy_a accident_n it_o lose_v the_o verdure_n and_o quick_a taste_n whereupon_o it_o get_v the_o name_n of_o vappa_fw-la and_o be_v clean_o turn_v to_o be_v dead_a or_o sour_a in_o which_o regard_n also_o we_o give_v a_o man_n that_o name_n by_o way_n of_o scorn_n and_o reproach_n call_v he_o vappa_fw-la when_o he_o be_v heartless_a void_a of_o reason_n and_o understanding_n if_o it_o be_v vinegar_n indeed_o it_o be_v another_o matter_n for_o sure_o though_o wine_n degenerate_a into_o it_o by_o way_n of_o corruption_n and_o putrefaction_n yet_o a_o virtue_n and_o force_n it_o have_v good_a for_o many_o special_a use_n and_o without_o which_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o live_v so_o delicate_o at_o our_o table_n as_o we_o do_v moreover_o the_o world_n be_v so_o much_o give_v to_o keep_v a_o brue_v temper_v and_o medicine_v of_o wine_n that_o in_o some_o place_n they_o sophisticate_a they_o with_o ash_n as_o it_o be_v with_o plaster_n in_o other_o they_o fortify_v recover_v and_o make_v they_o again_o by_o such_o device_n as_o be_v before_o specify_v but_o to_o this_o purpose_n they_o take_v the_o ash_n to_o choose_v of_o vine_n cut_n or_o of_o the_o oak_n wood_n before_o any_o other_o and_o forsooth_o if_o there_o be_v occasion_n to_o occupy_v sea_n water_n for_o this_o purpose_n they_o prescribe_v they_o to_o fetch_v it_o far_o from_o land_n in_o the_o deep_a sea_n &_o keep_v also_o from_o mid-march_n or_o the_o spring_n equinox_n or_o at_o leastwise_o from_o mid-iune_n or_o summer_n sunne-stead_n and_o draw_v in_o the_o night_n &_o when_o the_o north_n wind_n blow_v but_o if_o it_o be_v get_v near_o the_o time_n of_o vintage_n than_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v well_o boil_v before_o it_o will_v serve_v the_o turn_n as_o for_o the_o pitch_n in_o italy_n that_o of_o brutium_fw-la or_o calabria_n be_v repute_v for_o the_o best_a to_o trim_v those_o vessel_n which_o be_v to_o keep_v wine_n there_o be_v make_v of_o the_o rosin_n of_o the_o tree_n picea_n as_o also_o in_o spain_n there_o come_v from_o the_o wild_a pine_n a_o certain_a pitch_n which_o be_v the_o very_o worst_a for_o the_o rosin_n of_o those_o tree_n be_v bitter_a dry_a &_o of_o a_o strong_a savour_n the_o difference_n and_o sundry_a kind_n of_o pitch_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n of_o make_v the_o same_o we_o will_v declare_v in_o the_o book_n next_o follow_v in_o the_o treatise_n of_o wild_a and_o savage_a tree_n the_o fault_n and_o imperfection_n of_o pitch_n over_o and_o beside_o those_o even_o now_o rehearse_v to_o wit_n bitterness_n dryness_n &_o strong_a send_v be_v know_v by_o the_o sournesse_n stink_a smoke_n and_o the_o very_a adustion_n thereof_o but_o you_o shall_v know_v good_a pitch_n by_o these_o experiment_n if_o the_o piece_n break_v from_o it_o do_v shine_v if_o between_o the_o tooth_n it_o relent_v and_o be_v clammy_a like_o glue_v and_o have_v a_o pleasant_a sharpness_n and_o sour_a taste_n withal_o of_o the_o vinegar_n in_o asia_n the_o pitch_n be_v think_v best_o which_o come_v of_o the_o tree_n in_o mount_n ida._n the_o greek_n esteem_v the_o tree_n of_o the_o hill_n pieria_n chief_a for_o this_o purpose_n and_o virgil_n commend_v that_o of_o narycia_n before_o all_o but_o to_o return_v again_o to_o our_o brew_n and_o sophistication_n of_o wine_n they_o that_o will_v seem_v to_o be_v cunning_a or_o at_o leastwise_o more_o curious_a than_o their_o fellow_n do_v mingle_v therewith_o
cherish_v mankind_n in_o that_o rude_a wild_a age_n and_o poor_a infancy_n of_o the_o world_n but_o that_o i_o be_o force_v to_o break_v the_o course_n of_o my_o history_n and_o prevent_v with_o a_o deep_a study_n and_o admiration_n arise_v from_o the_o truth_n and_o ground_n of_o experience_n to_o consider_v what_o manner_n of_o life_n it_o may_v be_v to_o live_v without_o any_o tree_n or_o shrub_n at_o all_o grow_a out_o of_o the_o earth_n chap._n i._n ¶_o of_o nation_n that_o have_v no_o tree_n nor_o plant_n among_o they_o of_o wonderful_a tree_n in_o the_o northerly_a region_n we_o have_v show_v heretofore_o that_o in_o the_o east_n part_v very_o towards_o the_o main_a ocean_n there_o be_v many_o country_n in_o that_o estate_n to_o wit_n altogether_o destitute_a of_o tree_n in_o the_o north_n also_o i_o myself_o have_v see_v the_o people_n call_v etc._n cauchi_n as_o well_o the_o great_a as_o the_o less_o for_o so_o they_o be_v distinguish_v where_o there_o be_v no_o show_n or_o mention_v at_o all_o of_o any_o tree_n whatsoever_o for_o a_o mighty_a great_a compass_n their_o country_n lie_v so_o under_o the_o ocean_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o tide_n that_o twice_o in_o a_o day_n &_o night_n by_o turn_n the_o sea_n over_o flow_v a_o mighty_a deal_n of_o ground_n when_o it_o be_v flood_n and_o leave_v all_o dry_a again_o at_o the_o ebb_n &_o return_v of_o the_o water_n insomuch_o as_o a_o man_n can_v hardly_o tell_v what_o to_o make_v of_o the_o outward_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o those_o part_n so_o doubtful_a it_o be_v between_o sea_n and_o land_n the_o poor_a silly_a people_n that_o inhabit_v those_o part_n either_o keep_v together_o on_o such_o high_a hill_n as_o nature_n have_v afford_v here_o and_o there_o in_o the_o plain_a or_o else_o raise_v mount_n with_o their_o own_o labour_n and_o handy_a work_n like_a to_o tribunal_n cast_v up_o and_o rear_v with_o turf_n in_o a_o camp_n above_o the_o height_n of_o the_o sea_n at_o any_o spring_n tide_n when_o the_o flood_n be_v high_a and_o thereupon_o they_o set_v their_o cabin_n and_o cottage_n thus_o dwell_v as_o they_o do_v they_o seem_v when_o it_o be_v high_a water_n &_o that_o all_o the_o plain_n be_v overspread_v with_o the_o sea_n round_o about_o as_o if_o they_o be_v in_o little_a bark_n float_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n again_o at_o a_o low_a water_n when_o the_o sea_n be_v go_v look_v upon_o they_o you_o will_v take_v they_o for_o such_o as_o have_v suffer_v shipwreck_n have_v their_o vessel_n cast_v away_o and_o leave_v lie_v ato-side_n amid_o the_o sand_n for_o you_o shall_v see_v the_o poor_a wretch_n fish_v about_o their_o cottage_n and_o follow_v after_o the_o fish_n as_o they_o go_v away_o with_o the_o water_n they_o have_v not_o a_o fourfooted_a beast_n among_o they_o neither_o enjoy_v they_o any_o benefit_n of_o milk_n as_o their_o neighbour_n nation_n do_v nay_o they_o be_v destitute_a of_o all_o mean_n to_o chase_v wild_a beast_n and_o hunt_v for_o venison_n in_o as_o much_o as_o there_o be_v neither_o tree_n nor_o bush_n to_o give_v they_o harbour_v nor_o any_o near_a unto_o they_o by_o a_o great_a way_n seaweed_n or_o reike_v rush_n and_o reed_n grow_v upon_o the_o washes_n and_o meer_v serve_v they_o to_o twist_v for_o cord_n to_o make_v their_o fish_v net_n with_o these_o poor_a soul_n and_o silly_a creature_n be_v fain_o to_o gather_v a_o slimy_a kind_n of_o fatty_a mud_n or_o oase_n with_o their_o very_a hand_n which_o they_o dry_a against_o the_o wind_n rather_o than_o the_o sun_n and_o with_o that_o earth_n for_o want_v of_o other_o fuel_n they_o make_v fire_n to_o seethe_v their_o meat_n such_o as_o it_o be_v and_o heat_v the_o inward_a part_n of_o their_o body_n ready_a to_o be_v stark_o and_o stiff_o again_o with_o the_o chill_a north_n wind_n no_o other_o drink_n have_v they_o but_o rain_v water_n which_o they_o save_v in_o certain_a ditch_n after_o a_o shower_n and_o those_o they_o dig_v at_o the_o very_a entry_n of_o their_o cottage_n and_o yet_o see_v this_o people_n ss_z wretched_a and_o miserable_a a_o case_n as_o they_o be_v in_o if_o they_o be_v subdue_v at_o this_o day_n by_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n will_v say_v and_o none_o soon_o than_o they_o that_o they_o live_v in_o slavery_n but_o true_a it_o be_v that_o fortune_n spare_v many_o man_n to_o let_v they_o live_v still_o in_o pain_n and_o misery_n thus_o much_o as_o touch_v want_n of_o wood_n and_o tree_n on_o the_o other_o side_n as_o wonderful_a it_o be_v to_o see_v the_o mighty_a forest_n at_o hand_n thereby_o which_o overspread_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o germany_n and_o be_v so_o big_a that_o they_o yield_v both_o cool_a and_o shade_n to_o the_o whole_a country_n yea_o the_o very_o tall_a wood_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v a_o little_a way_n up_o high_o in_o the_o country_n and_o not_o far_o from_o the_o cauchi_n abovesaid_a and_o especial_o those_o that_o grow_v about_o the_o two_o great_a loughe_n or_o lake_n in_o that_o tract_n upon_o the_o bank_n whereof_o as_o also_o upon_o the_o seacoast_n there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v thick_a row_n of_o big_a okes_n that_o love_v their_o seat_n pass_v well_o and_o thrive_v upon_o it_o in_o growth_n exceed_v much_o which_o tree_n happen_v to_o be_v either_o undermine_v by_o the_o wave_n and_o billow_n of_o the_o sea_n under_o they_o eat_v within_o their_o root_n or_o chase_v with_o tempestuous_a wind_n beat_v from_o above_o carry_v away_o with_o they_o into_o the_o sea_n in_o manner_n of_o island_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o continent_n which_o their_o root_n do_v clasp_v and_o embrace_v wherewith_o be_v counterpoise_v and_o ballaise_v they_o stand_v upright_o float_v and_o make_v sail_n as_o it_o be_v amid_o the_o wave_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o their_o mighty_a arm_n which_o serve_v in_o stead_n of_o tackle_v and_o many_o a_o time_n very_o such_o oak_n have_v fright_v our_o fleet_n and_o armada_n at_o sea_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o night_n season_n when_o as_o they_o seem_v to_o come_v direct_o against_o their_o proe_n stand_v at_o anchor_n as_o if_o of_o purpose_n they_o be_v drive_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n insomuch_o as_o the_o sailor_n &_o passenger_n within_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o escape_v they_o be_v put_v to_o their_o shift_n and_o force_v for_o to_o address_v themselves_o and_o range_v a_o naval_a battle_n in_o order_n and_o all_o against_o tree_n as_o their_o very_a enemy_n chap._n ii_o ¶_o of_o the_o huge_a and_o great_a forest_n hercynia_n in_o the_o same_o north_n climate_n be_v the_o mighty_a forest_n hercynia_n a_o huge_a and_o large_a wood_n this_o be_v store_v with_o tall_a and_o big_a okes_n that_o never_o to_o this_o day_n be_v top_v or_o lop_v it_o be_v suppose_v they_o have_v be_v ever_o since_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o eternal_a immortality_n surmount_v all_o miracle_n beside_o whatsoever_o and_o to_o let_v pass_v all_o other_o report_n which_o happy_o will_v be_v think_v incredible_a this_o be_v know_v for_o certain_a that_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n there_o run_v and_o spread_v so_o far_o within_o the_o ground_n that_o they_o encounter_v and_o meet_v one_o another_o in_o which_o resistance_n they_o swell_v and_o rise_v upward_o yea_o and_o raise_v up_o mount_n of_o earth_n with_o they_o to_o a_o good_a height_n in_o many_o place_n or_o where_o as_o the_o earth_n follow_v not_o a_o man_n shall_v see_v the_o bare_a root_n embow_v arch-wise_a and_o mount_v aloft_o as_o high_a as_o the_o very_a bough_n which_o root_n be_v so_o interlace_v or_o else_o rub_v one_o against_o the_o other_o strive_v as_o it_o be_v not_o to_o give_v place_n that_o they_o make_v a_o show_n of_o great_a portaile_n or_o gate_n stand_v open_a so_o wide_a that_o a_o whole_a troop_n or_o squadron_n of_o horseman_n may_v ride_v upright_o under_o they_o in_o ordinance_n of_o battle_n chap._n iii_o ¶_o of_o tree_n bear_v mast._n mast_o tres_fw-fr they_o be_v all_o for_o the_o most_o part_n which_o the_o roman_n ever_o so_o high_o honour_v and_o hold_v in_o best_a account_n chap._n iu._n ¶_o of_o the_o civicke_a garland_n and_o who_o be_v honour_v with_o chaplet_n of_o tree-leave_n from_o mast_n tree_n and_o the_o oak_n especial_o come_v the_o civicke_a coronet_n and_o in_o very_a truth_n these_o be_v the_o most_o honourable_a badge_n and_o ornament_n that_o can_v possible_o be_v give_v unto_o soldier_n and_o man_n of_o war_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o virtue_n and_o manhood_n yea_o and_o now_o for_o a_o good_a while_n our_o emperor_n have_v have_v this_o chaplet_n grant_v unto_o they_o in_o token_n and_o testimony_n of_o clemency_n ever_o
for_o who_o can_v look_v for_o better_a when_o they_o be_v thus_o pine_v and_o famish_a he_o then_o virgil._n whosoever_o he_o be_v that_o say_v husbandman_n be_v to_o wish_v for_o fair_a winter_n sure_o he_o be_v no_o friend_n therein_o to_o tree_n nor_o never_o pray_v for_o they_o neither_o be_v wet_a midsummer_n good_a for_o vine_n but_o in_o truth_n that_o winter_n dust_n shall_v cause_v plentiful_a harvest_n be_v a_o word_n speak_v in_o a_o bravery_n and_o proceed_v from_o a_o pregnant_a wit_n and_o jolly_a spirit_n for_o otherwise_o who_o know_v not_o that_o every_o man_n wish_v well_o to_o tree_n and_o corn_n indifferent_o pray_v that_o snow_n may_v lie_v long_o upon_o the_o ground_n the_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o not_o only_o it_o keep_v in_o &_o enclose_v theâ—…_n vital_a breath_n &_o soul_n if_o i_o may_v so_o say_v of_o the_o earth_n ready_a to_o exhale_v out_o and_o vanish_v away_o yea_o and_o drive_v it_o back_o again_o into_o the_o blade_n and_o root_n of_o corn_n redouble_v thereby_o the_o force_n and_o vigour_n thereof_o but_o also_o because_o it_o both_o yield_v moisture_n and_o liquor_n thereunto_o gentle_o by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o the_o same_o withal_o fine_a pure_a and_o pass_a light_n consider_v that_o snow_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o foam_n or_o froth_n of_o rain-water_n from_o heaven_n this_o humour_n therefore_o not_o fall_v forcible_o all_o at_o once_o to_o drown_v the_o root_n ne_o yet_o wash_v away_o the_o earth_n from_o it_o but_o distil_v drop-meale_n a_o little_a at_o once_o in_o that_o proportion_n and_o measure_n as_o thirst_n require_v and_o call_v for_o it_o nourish_v all_o thing_n as_o from_o a_o teat_n or_o pap_n nourish_v i_o say_v and_o neither_o drench_v nor_o overflow_v they_o the_o earth_n also_o for_o her_o part_n by_o this_o mean_n well_o soak_a swell_v and_o hove_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o leaven_n and_o lie_v thereby_o more_o light_a and_o mellow_a thus_o be_v full_a of_o juice_n and_o moisture_n itself_o &_o not_o barren_a but_o well_o replenish_v with_o seed_n sow_v and_o plant_n suckle_v thus_o continual_o in_o her_o womb_n when_o the_o open_a time_n of_o the_o spring_n be_v once_o come_v to_o discharge_v she_o she_o show_v herself_o fresh_a and_o gay_a and_o willing_o entertain_v the_o warm_a weather_n of_o that_o season_n by_o this_o mean_n especial_o we_o see_v how_o corn_n like_v well_o upon_o the_o ground_n and_o thrive_v apace_o every_o where_o unless_o it_o be_v in_o climate_n where_o the_o air_n be_v always_o hot_a as_o in_o egypt_n for_o continuance_n and_o ordinary_a custom_n alone_o effect_v the_o same_o there_o which_o the_o season_n of_o the_o time_n &_o moderate_a temperature_n of_o the_o air_n elsewhere_o and_o in_o one_o word_n be_v the_o place_n whatsoever_o pass_v good_a it_o be_v to_o keep_v away_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v hurtful_a for_o in_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n it_o happen_v that_o when_o either_o corn_n be_v winter-proud_a or_o other_o plant_n put_v forth_o and_o bud_v too_o early_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o mild_a and_o warm_a air_n if_o there_o follow_v any_o cold_a weather_n upon_o it_o all_o be_v nip_v blast_v and_o burn_v away_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o late_a winter_n do_v harm_n unto_o the_o wild_a tree_n also_o in_o the_o forest_n the_o more_o pain_n and_o sorrow_n likewise_o such_o tree_n abide_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o own_o thick_a branch_n shade_v one_o another_o and_o not_o easy_o admit_v the_o warm_a sun_n and_o destitute_a they_o be_v beside_o of_o man_n help_a hand_n to_o cute_v they_o for_o grow_v as_o they_o do_v in_o wild_a and_o desert_a forest_n impossible_a it_o be_v to_o lap_n and_o wrap_v they_o about_o with_o wreath_n and_o thumb-rope_n of_o straw_n and_o so_o to_o cherish_v and_o defend_v they_o when_o they_o be_v young_a and_o tender_a well_o then_o to_o conclude_v this_o matter_n winter_n rain_n principal_o be_v seasonable_a and_o good_a for_o all_o plant_n and_o next_o to_o it_o the_o dew_n and_o shower_n that_o fall_v immediate_o before_o their_o sprout_a time_n a_o three_o sort_n also_o there_o be_v of_o shower_n that_o come_v when_o fruit_n hang_v on_o the_o tree_n and_o be_v in_o their_o growth_n yet_o not_o too_o soon_o namely_o before_o they_o be_v strong_a and_o able_a to_o abide_v some_o hardness_n as_o touch_v tree_n which_o be_v late-ward_n and_o keep_v their_o fruit_n long_o ere_o they_o ripen_v such_o also_o as_o require_v store_n of_o nourishment_n and_o more_o food_n still_o as_o namely_o the_o vine_n the_o olive_n &_o pomegranate_n tree_n it_o be_v good_a for_o they_o to_o be_v water_v with_o rain_n in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o year_n and_o to_o say_v a_o truth_n every_o kind_n of_o tree_n require_v a_o several_a rain_n by_o itself_o in_o due_a season_n sor_n that_o some_o ripen_v their_o fruit_n at_o one_o time_n and_o some_o at_o another_o so_o as_o a_o man_n shall_v see_v ordinary_o the_o self_n same_o shower_n to_o hurt_v one_o sort_n and_o to_o help_v another_o yea_o and_o that_o diverse_a effect_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o tree_n &_o fruit_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n as_o for_o example_n in_o pyrry_n for_o the_o late-ward_n of_o they_o call_v for_o rain_n at_o one_o time_n and_o the_o hasty_a or_o forward_a at_o another_o and_o yet_o indifferent_o all_o do_v require_v alike_o the_o seasonable_a shower_n of_o winter_n as_o also_o those_o before_o bud_a time_n in_o which_o regard_n the_o wind_n north-east_n be_v better_o than_o the_o southern_a and_o such_o winter_n be_v most_o kind_o semblable_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o mediterranean_a or_o midland_n part_n of_o any_o country_n be_v for_o this_o purpose_n prefer_v before_o the_o maritime_a or_o seacoast_n as_o be_v for_o most_o part_n cold_a the_o high_a &_o hilly_a region_n before_o the_o plain_n and_o valley_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o night_n rain_v be_v hold_v to_o be_v more_o profitable_a than_o those_o that_o fall_v by_o day_n time_n for_o land_n new_o sow_v and_o any_o young_a plant_n enjoy_v more_o benefit_n by_o such_o shower_n in_o the_o night_n for_o that_o the_o sun_n come_v not_o so_o present_o upon_o they_o again_o to_o dry_a and_o drink_v up_o all_o the_o moisture_n hereunto_o onght_n to_o be_v annex_v the_o consideration_n of_o vine-yard_n hort-yard_n and_o grove_n as_o touch_v their_o situation_n and_o namely_o what_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n they_o shall_v regard_v virgil_n condemn_v altogether_o the_o plant_n of_o any_o tree_n respective_a to_o the_o west_n some_o have_v choose_v that_o quarter_n before_o the_o east_n and_o this_o have_v i_o observe_v that_o in_o most_o man_n opinion_n the_o south_n be_v best_a but_o if_o i_o shall_v speak_v what_o be_v my_o own_o conceit_n indeed_o there_o can_v no_o general_n and_o infallible_a rule_n be_v give_v concern_v this_o point_n for_o to_o hold_v always_o all_o our_o skill_n and_o art_n herein_o must_v be_v direct_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o disposition_n of_o the_o climate_n and_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n in_o africa_n although_o it_o be_v nothing_o profitable_a for_o vine-yard_n to_o be_v plant_v so_o as_o they_o look_v into_o the_o south_n yet_o kind_a it_o be_v &_o wholesome_a for_o the_o vine-plant_a and_o husband_n man_n by_o reason_n that_o all_o africa_n lie_v under_o the_o meridional_a oâ—…_n south_n climate_n and_o therefore_o he_o that_o shall_v set_v vine_n there_o either_o into_o the_o west_n or_o north_n howsoever_o virgil_n allow_v not_o of_o the_o west_n shall_v make_v a_o excellent_a medley_n between_o the_o temperature_n of_o that_o air_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o soil_n together_o as_o for_o the_o north_n no_o man_n seem_v to_o make_v any_o doubt_n or_o question_n but_o that_o vine_n so_o plant_v will_v prove_v right_a well_o and_o very_o there_o be_v not_o find_v any_o vine_n to_o prosper_v better_a or_o to_o bear_v more_o fruit_n in_o all_o italy_n tha_z nin_n that_o tract_n which_o lie_v on_o this_o side_n and_o under_o the_o alps_n and_o there_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o vineyard_n be_v so_o plant_v moreover_o in_o this_o case_n the_o wind_n will_v be_v much_o consider_v for_o in_o languedoc_n or_o the_o province_n of_o narbone_n in_o liguria_n and_o part_n of_o tuscan_a they_o be_v repute_v unskilful_a husbandman_n that_o plant_v any_o vine-yard_n direct_o upon_o the_o northwest_o wind_n but_o it_o be_v count_v contrariwise_o a_o special_a point_n of_o providence_n and_o good_a husbandry_n to_o cast_v it_o so_o as_o the_o say_a wind_n may_v flank_v it_o on_o the_o side_n for_o this_o be_v the_o wind_n which_o in_o those_o quarter_n qualify_v and_o temper_v the_o excessive_a heat_n of_o the_o summer_n howbeit_o many_o time_n so_o violent_a and_o blusterous_a
bare_a the_o root_n only_o of_o the_o vine_n and_o lay_v dung_n thereto_o the_o second_o delve_v they_o will_v have_v to_o be_v from_o the_o ides_n of_o april_n and_o six_o day_n before_o the_o ides_n of_o may_n that_o be_v before_o they_o begin_v to_o conceive_v and_o bud_v and_o three_o before_o they_o fall_v to_o blossom_n also_o when_o they_o have_v do_v flower_a and_o also_o at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o grape_n alter_v their_o hue_n but_o the_o more_o skilful_a and_o expert_a husband_n affirm_v constant_o that_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v overmuch_o labour_v and_o dig_v too_o often_o the_o grape_n will_v be_v so_o tender_a skin_v that_o they_o will_v burst_v again_o moreover_o these_o rule_n follow_v be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o any_o vine_n do_v require_v such_o delve_v and_o dig_v the_o laborer_n ought_v to_o go_v to_o work_v betimes_o before_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o day_n marry_o if_o the_o vineyard_n stand_v upon_o a_o miry_a clay_n it_o be_v not_o good_a then_o either_o to_o ear_n or_o dig_v it_o but_o rather_o to_o wait_v for_o the_o hot_a season_n for_o the_o dust_n that_o rise_v by_o dig_v be_v very_o good_a by_o their_o say_n both_o to_o preserve_v the_o vine_n and_o grape_n from_o the_o parch_a sun_n and_o also_o to_o defend_v they_o against_o the_o drop_a mist_n as_o for_o disburgen_v of_o vine_n and_o cleanse_v they_o of_o their_o superfluous_a leaf_n all_o man_n accord_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v do_v once_o in_o the_o spring_n to_o wit_n after_o the_o ides_n of_o may_n for_o the_o space_n of_o eleven_o day_n follow_v and_o in_o any_o hand_n before_o they_o begin_v to_o put_v forth_o flower_n and_o how_o much_o thereof_o must_v be_v thus_o diffoil_v for_o the_o first_o time_n even_o all_o that_o be_v under_o the_o trail_n or_o frame_v &_o no_o more_o as_o for_o the_o second_o man_n be_v not_o all_o of_o one_o mind_n some_o will_v have_v the_o leaf_n to_o be_v disbranch_a when_o the_o vine_n have_v do_v flower_a other_o expect_v until_o 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as_o it_o be_v or_o rather_o fore_n with_o this_o prune_n if_o it_o happen_v i_o say_v that_o when_o every_o man_n make_v reckon_v that_o winter_n be_v go_v it_o come_v upon_o they_o again_o and_o whisk_n with_o his_o tail_n their_o bud_n pinch_v with_o cold_a will_v lose_v their_o vigour_n their_o wound_n will_v cleave_v and_o make_v rift_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o when_o the_o humidity_n be_v distil_v and_o drop_v forth_o the_o oilet_n will_v be_v nip_v and_o burn_v away_o with_o the_o bitterness_n of_o the_o unseasonable_a weather_n for_o who_o know_v not_o that_o in_o frost_n it_o be_v ticklish_a meddle_v with_o vine_n and_o that_o they_o be_v in_o danger_n soon_o to_o break_v and_o knap_n asunder_o to_o say_v therefore_o a_o truth_n by_o order_n of_o nature_n there_o will_v not_o be_v such_o have_v make_v but_o here_o be_v the_o matter_n they_o that_o have_v a_o large_a domain_n and_o much_o land_n to_o look_v unto_o they_o that_o must_v go_v through_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o work_n can_v will_v nor_o choose_v but_o begin_v betimes_o and_o make_v this_o computation_n and_o reckon_n aforesaid_a and_o in_o one_o word_n the_o soon_o that_o vine_n be_v prune_v if_o the_o time_n will_v serve_v commodious_o the_o more_o they_o run_v into_o wood_n and_o leaf_n and_o contrariwise_o the_o late_a you_o go_v to_o work_v the_o more_o plenty_n of_o grape_n they_o will_v yield_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v meet_v and_o expedient_a to_o prune_v vine_n that_o be_v poor_a and_o feeble_a very_o timely_a but_o such_o as_o be_v strong_a and_o hardy_a last_o of_o all_o as_o for_o the_o manner_n and_o fashion_n of_o the_o cut_n it_o ought_v always_o to_o be_v aslant_a like_o a_o goat_n foot_n that_o no_o drop_n of_o rain_n may_v settle_v and_o rest_v thereupon_o but_o that_o every_o shower_n may_v soon_o shoot_v off_o also_o that_o it_o turn_v downward_o to_o the_o ground_n that_o it_o be_v even_o and_o smooth_a make_v with_o a_o keen_a and_o sharp_a edge_a bill_n or_o cut_a hook_n furthermore_o this_o heed_n will_v be_v take_v that_o the_o cut_v be_v just_a between_o two_o bud_n for_o fear_n of_o wound_v any_o of_o the_o oylet_n near_o unto_o that_o part_n which_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o common_o this_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v black_a and_o duskish_a and_o so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v so_o see_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v cut_v and_o cut_v again_o until_o you_o come_v to_o that_o which_o be_v sound_a and_o clear_a indeed_o for_o never_o shall_v you_o have_v out_o of_o a_o faulty_a and_o corrupt_a wood_n any_o thing_n come_v forth_o that_o will_v be_v worth_a aught_o if_o the_o vine_n be_v so_o poor_a and_o lean_a that_o it_o afford_v no_o branch_n meet_v and_o sufficient_a to_o bear_v cut_v it_o down_o to_o the_o very_a ground_n for_o best_a it_o be_v then_o to_o fetch_v new_a from_o the_o root_n and_o to_o see_v whether_o they_o will_v be_v more_o lively_a over_o and_o beside_o in_o disburgen_v and_o desoil_v a_o vine_n you_o must_v beware_v how_o you_o pluck_v off_o those_o burgeon_n that_o be_v like_a to_o bear_v the_o grape_n or_o to_o go_v with_o it_o for_o that_o be_v the_o next_o way_n to_o supplant_v as_o it_o be_v the_o grape_n â—…ea_n and_o kill_v the_o vine_n unless_o it_o be_v a_o new_a and_o young_a plant_n will_v you_o then_o know_v which_o be_v unprofitable_a and_o may_v be_v spare_v even_o all_o those_o be_v deem_v superfluous_a which_o be_v come_v not_o direct_o from_o the_o knot_n or_o near_o oilet_fw-la but_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o side_n and_o no_o marvel_n since_o that_o the_o very_a branch_n of_o grape_n which_o hang_v in_o this_o manner_n out_o of_o the_o hard_a wood_n be_v so_o stiff_a and_o tough_a also_o that_o unneath_o a_o man_n may_v pluck_v they_o off_o with_o his_o finger_n but_o have_v need_n of_o a_o knife_n or_o hook_n to_o cut_v they_o away_o as_o for_o the_o pitch_v of_o prop_n into_o the_o ground_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o set_v they_o between_o two_o vine_n and_o indeed_o that_o be_v the_o easy_a way_n to_o come_v about_o the_o vine_n for_o to_o lay_v their_o root_n bare_a when_o time_n serve_v also_o better_o it_o be_v far_o so_o to_o do_v in_o a_o vineyard_n where_o the_o vine_n run_v upon_o one_o single_a trail_n in_o case_n the_o say_a trail_n be_v strong_a enough_o and_o the_o vineyard_n not_o subject_a to_o the_o danger_n of_o wind_n but_o where_o a_o vine_n run_v four_o way_n it_o must_v be_v relieve_v with_o prop_n and_o stay_v as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v to_o support_v the_o burden_n yet_o so_o as_o they_o be_v no_o hindrance_n when_o as_o man_n shall_v come_v about_o the_o foot_n to_o lay_v the_o root_n bare_a and_o therefore_o they_o will_v be_v a_o cubit_n off_o and_o no_o more_o moreover_o this_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o a_o vine_n be_v cleanse_v about_o the_o root_n beneath_o before_o that_o it_o be_v prune_v above_o cato_n treat_v general_o of_o all_o matter_n concern_v vine_n write_v thus_o by_o way_n of_o rule_n and_o precept_n let_v your_o vine_n quoth_v he_o be_v as_o high_a as_o possible_o you_o can_v fasten_v it_o to_o the_o frame_n decent_o but_o take_v heed_n you_o bind_v it_o not_o too_o hard_o dress_n and_o order_v it_o after_o this_o manner_n after_o you_o have_v cut_v away_o the_o tip_n and_o top_n thereof_o dig_v round_o about_o the_o root_n and_o be_v in_o than_o to_o ear_n up_o &_o plough_v the_o vineyard_n draw_v furrow_n and_o ridge_n too_o and_o fro_o throughout_o while_o vine_n be_v young_a &_o tender_a couch_v the_o branch_n within_o the_o ground_n for_o propagation_n with_o all_o speed_n as_o for_o old_a
again_o will_v be_v but_o the_o worse_a for_o it_o and_o such_o be_v the_o almond_n tree_n for_o where_o before_o they_o do_v bear_v sweet_a almond_n they_o will_v ever_o after_o bring_v bitter_a moreover_o you_o shall_v have_v some_o tree_n that_o will_v thrive_v &_o do_v the_o better_o after_o this_o hard_a deal_n &_o namely_o a_o kind_n of_o pear_n tree_n call_v phocis_n in_o the_o island_n chios_n for_o you_o have_v hear_v by_o i_o already_o which_o tree_n they_o be_v that_o lop_n and_o shr_v be_v good_a for_o most_o tree_n and_o in_o manner_n all_o except_o the_o vine_n apple_n tree_n fig_n tree_n and_o pomegranate_n tree_n will_v die_v if_o their_o stock_n or_o body_n be_v cleave_v and_o some_o be_v so_o tender_a that_o upon_o every_o little_a wound_n or_o race_n that_o be_v give_v they_o you_o shall_v see_v they_o to_o die_v howbeit_o the_o fig_n tree_n and_o general_o all_o such_o tree_n as_o breed_v rosin_n defy_v all_o such_o wrong_n and_o injury_n and_o will_v abide_v any_o wound_n or_o bruise_v whatsoever_o that_o tree_n shall_v die_v when_o their_o root_n be_v cut_v away_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n and_o yet_o many_o there_o be_v of_o they_o that_o with_o live_v and_o prosper_v well_o nevertheless_o in_o case_n they_o be_v not_o all_o cut_v off_o nor_o the_o great_a master_n root_n ne_o yet_o any_o of_o the_o heart_n or_o vital_a root_n among_o the_o rest_n moreover_o it_o be_v often_o see_v that_o tree_n kill_v one_o another_o when_o they_o grow_v too_o thick_a and_o that_o either_o by_o overshadow_v or_o else_o by_o rob_v one_o another_o of_o their_o food_n and_o nourishment_n the_o ivy_n also_o that_o with_o clip_v and_o clasp_v bind_v tree_n too_o hard_o hasten_v their_o death_n misselto_n likewise_o do_v they_o no_o good_a no_o more_o than_o cytisus_n or_o the_o herb_n auro_fw-la which_o the_o greek_n name_n alimus_n grow_v about_o they_o the_o nature_n of_o some_o plant_n be_v not_o to_o kill_v and_o destroy_v tree_n out_o of_o hand_n but_o to_o hurt_v and_o offend_v they_o only_o either_o with_o their_o smell_n or_o else_o with_o the_o mixture_n and_o intermingle_v of_o their_o own_o juice_n with_o their_o sap_n thus_o the_o radish_n and_o the_o laurel_n do_v harm_n to_o the_o vine_n if_o they_o grow_v near_o unto_o it_o for_o sure_o the_o vine_n be_v think_v to_o have_v the_o sense_n of_o smell_v and_o wonderful_o to_o send_v any_o odour_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o she_o by_o experience_n that_o if_o she_o be_v near_o unto_o radish_n or_o laurel_n she_o will_v turn_v away_o and_o withdraw_v herself_o backward_o from_o they_o as_o if_o she_o can_v not_o abide_v their_o strong_a breath_n but_o utter_o abhor_v it_o as_o her_o very_a enemy_n and_o upon_o the_o observation_n of_o this_o secret_a in_o nature_n androcides_n the_o physician_n devise_v a_o medicine_n against_o drunkenness_n and_o prescribe_v his_o patient_n to_o eat_v radish_n if_o they_o will_v not_o be_v overcome_v with_o wine_n neither_o can_v the_o vine_n away_o with_o colewort_n or_o the_o cabbage_n nay_o it_o hate_v general_o all_o word_n or_o potherb_n it_o abhor_v also_o the_o hazel_n and_o filberd_n tree_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o a_o man_n shall_v sensible_o perceive_v it_o to_o look_v heavy_o and_o mislike_v if_o those_o plant_n aforesaid_a grow_v not_o far_o off_o from_o it_o and_o now_o to_o conclude_v and_o knit_v up_o this_o discourse_n will_v you_o kill_v a_o vine_n out_o of_o hand_n lie_v to_o the_o root_n thereof_o nitre_n or_o salt-petre_a and_o alumne_fw-la drench_v it_o with_o hot_a sea-water_n or_o do_v but_o apply_v unto_o it_o bean_n cod_n or_o the_o shale_n or_o husk_n of_o the_o pulse_n eruile_n and_o you_o shall_v soon_o see_v the_o operation_n and_o effect_n of_o a_o most_o rank_n and_o deadly_a poison_n chap._n xxv_o ¶_o of_o many_o and_o sundry_a prodigy_n or_o strange_a token_n and_o accident_n about_o tree_n also_o of_o a_o olive_n plot_n which_o in_o time_n past_a be_v transport_v all_o and_o whole_a from_o one_o side_n of_o a_o high_a port_n way_n to_z another_o in_o this_o treatise_n of_o the_o fault_n and_o imperfection_n incident_a to_o tree_n i_o think_v i_o shall_v do_v well_o to_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o supernatural_a occurrence_n in_o they_o observe_v for_o we_o have_v know_v some_o of_o they_o to_o grow_v up_o and_o prosper_v without_o any_o leaf_n at_o all_o and_o as_o there_o have_v be_v vine_n and_o pomegranate_n see_v to_o bear_v fruit_n spring_v immediate_o from_o the_o trunk_n and_o not_o from_o branch_n or_o bough_n so_o there_o have_v be_v vine_n charge_v with_o grape_n and_o not_o clad_v with_o leaf_n and_o olive_n likewise_o have_v their_o berry_n hang_v upon_o they_o whole_a and_o sound_a notwithstanding_o all_o their_o leaf_n be_v shed_v and_o go_v moreover_o strange_a wonder_n and_o miracle_n have_v happen_v about_o tree_n by_o mere_a chance_n and_o fortune_n for_o there_o be_v a_o olive_n once_o which_o be_v burn_v to_o the_o very_a stump_n reviue_v &_o come_v again_o and_o in_o boeotia_n certain_a fig_n tree_n notwithstanding_o they_o be_v eat_v and_o gnaw_v most_o piteous_o with_o locust_n yet_o bud_v anew_o and_o put_v forth_o a_o fresh_a spring_n also_o it_o have_v be_v mark_v that_o tree_n have_v change_v their_o colour_n from_o black_a to_o white_a and_o yet_o this_o be_v not_o always_o a_o monstrous_a thing_n beyond_o natural_a reason_n and_o special_o in_o such_o as_o come_v of_o seed_n as_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o the_o asp_n which_o eftsoon_o turn_v to_o be_v a_o poplar_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o servise_v tree_n if_o it_o be_v transplant_v and_o come_v into_o a_o hot_a ground_n than_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n thereof_o will_v leave_v bear_v and_o be_v barren_a but_o it_o be_v take_v for_o no_o less_o than_o a_o monster_n out_o of_o kind_n that_o sweet_a apple_n and_o such_o like_a fruit_n shall_v prove_v sour_a or_o sour_a fruit_n turn_v to_o be_v sweet_a as_o also_o that_o a_o wild_a fig_n tree_n shall_v become_v tame_a or_o contrariwise_o and_o it_o be_v count_v for_o a_o unlucky_a sign_n if_o any_o tree_n change_n from_o the_o better_a to_o the_o worse_o to_o wit_n if_o a_o gentle_a garden_n olive_n degenerate_a into_o the_o wild_a and_o savage_a if_o a_o vine_n that_o be_v wont_a to_o bear_v white_a grape_n have_v now_o black_a upon_o it_o and_o so_o likewise_o if_o a_o fig_n tree_n which_o use_v to_o have_v white_a fig_n chance_v afterward_o to_o bear_v black_a and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n i_o can_v forget_v the_o strange_a accident_n that_o befall_v in_o laodicea_n where_o upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o king_n xerxes_n a_o plane_n tree_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o olive_n but_o if_o any_o man_n be_v desirous_a to_o know_v more_o of_o these_o and_o such_o like_a miracle_n for_o as_o much_o as_o i_o love_v not_o to_o run_v on_o still_o and_o make_v no_o end_n i_o refer_v he_o over_o to_o aristander_n a_o greek_a writer_n who_o have_v compile_v a_o whole_a volume_n and_o stuff_v it_o full_a of_o such_o like_a wonder_n let_v he_o have_v recourse_n also_o to_o c._n epidius_n a_o countryman_n of_o we_o who_o commentary_n be_v full_a of_o such_o stuff_n where_o he_o shall_v find_v also_o that_o tree_n sometime_o speak_v a_o little_a before_o the_o civil_a war_n break_v out_o between_o julius_n caesar_n and_o pompey_n the_o great_a there_o be_v report_v a_o ominous_a and_o fearful_a sight_n presage_v no_o good_a from_o out_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o cume_n namely_o that_o a_o great_a tree_n there_o sink_v down_o into_o the_o earth_n so_o deep_a that_o a_o very_a little_a of_o the_o top_n bough_n be_v to_o be_v see_v hereupon_o be_v the_o prophetical_a book_n of_o sibylla_n peruse_v wherein_o it_o be_v find_v that_o this_o prodigy_n portend_v some_o great_a carnage_n of_o man_n and_o that_o the_o near_a that_o this_o slaughter_n and_o execution_n shall_v be_v to_o rome_n the_o great_a shall_v the_o blood_n shed_v be_v a_o prodigious_a sign_n and_o wonder_v it_o be_v repute_v also_o when_o tree_n seem_v to_o grow_v in_o place_n where_o they_o be_v not_o wont_a to_o be_v and_o which_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o their_o nature_n as_o namely_o on_o the_o chapâ—…ers_n of_o pillar_n the_o head_n of_o statue_n or_o upon_o altar_n like_v as_o to_o see_v one_o tree_n of_o a_o diverse_a and_o contrary_a kind_n grow_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o another_o as_o it_o befall_v about_o the_o city_n cyzicum_n hard_a before_o the_o strait_a siege_n that_o be_v lay_v unto_o it_o by_o mithridates_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n where_o a_o fig_n tree_n be_v see_v to_o grow_v upon_o a_o laurel_n likewise_o at_o tralleis_n about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o foresay_a civil_a war_n a_o
the_o god_n with_o a_o oblation_n of_o corn_n yea_o and_o to_o offer_v prayer_n and_o supplication_n unto_o they_o by_o no_o other_o mean_n than_o cake_n make_v of_o salt_n and_o meal_n yea_o and_o as_o hemina_n my_o author_n say_v for_o to_o induce_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o better_a unto_o it_o he_o allow_v they_o to_o parch_v their_o corn_n in_o their_o sacrifice_n for_o that_o corn_n thus_o parch_a be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o more_o wholesome_a food_n by_o which_o mean_n this_o one_o thing_n ensue_v in_o the_o end_n that_o no_o corn_n be_v count_v pure_a and_o good_a nor_o fit_a to_o be_v use_v in_o divine_a service_n but_o that_o which_o be_v thus_o bake_v or_o parch_a he_o also_o institute_v the_o feast_n fornacalia_n to_o wit_n certain_a holiday_n for_o the_o parch_a and_o bake_n of_o corn_n as_o also_o another_o as_o religious_o observe_v call_v terminalia_fw-la namely_o for_o the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o land_n for_o these_o and_o such_o like_a god_n as_o then_o they_o worship_v most_o as_o also_o the_o goddess_n seia_n so_o call_v a_o serendo_fw-la i._n of_o sow_a corn_n and_o set_a plant_n and_o segesta_n which_o name_n they_o give_v she_o a_o segetibus_fw-la i._n of_o corn_n field_n who_o image_n we_o at_o this_o day_n do_v see_v in_o the_o grand_a cirque_fw-la or_o shewplace_n at_o rome_n a_o terminus_n three_o goddess_n there_o be_v among_o they_o who_o to_o name_n and_o invocate_v within-house_n they_o may_v not_o with_o safe_a conscience_n last_o so_o religious_a and_o ceremonious_a they_o be_v in_o old_a time_n that_o they_o will_v not_o so_o much_o as_o taste_v of_o new_a corn_n or_o wine_n before_o the_o priest_n have_v take_v a_o say_v of_o the_o first_o fruit_n chap._n iii_o ¶_o of_o jugerum_fw-la and_o actus_fw-la of_o the_o ancient_a law_n ordain_v for_o cattle_n in_o old_a time_n how_o often_o and_o at_o what_o time_n corn_n and_o victual_n be_v exceed_o cheap_a at_o rome_n what_o noble_a and_o famous_a person_n addict_v themselves_o whole_o to_o husbandry_n and_o tillage_n a_o acre_n or_o arpen_v of_o ground_n call_v in_o latin_a jugerum_fw-la be_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v ear_v up_o or_o plough_v in_o one_o day_n with_o a_o yoke_n of_o oxen._n and_o actus_fw-la in_o latin_a be_v a_o land_n or_o so_o much_o just_a as_o two_o ox_n be_v drive_v and_o occupy_v in_o while_o they_o plough_v in_o one_o tract_n without_o any_o rest_n this_o contain_v by_o the_o old_a time_n 120_o foot_n in_o length_n and_o be_v double_v in_o length_n make_v the_o acre_n or_o jugerum_fw-la abovesaid_a in_o ancient_a time_n of_o the_o old_a roman_n the_o great_a present_n that_o can_v be_v give_v to_o captain_n and_o soldier_n who_o have_v bear_v themselves_o valiant_o in_o the_o service_n of_o their_o country_n be_v as_o much_o ground_n as_o they_o can_v have_v ear_v or_o break_v up_o in_o one_o day_n and_o it_o be_v think_v a_o great_a reward_n to_o receive_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n half_a a_o pint_n or_o a_o pint_n at_o the_o utmost_a of_o corn_n moreover_o in_o so_o great_a request_n be_v corn_n and_o husbandry_n that_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a house_n in_o rome_n take_v their_o syrname_n from_o thence_o and_o namely_o the_o pilumni_fw-la who_o devise_v first_o the_o pestle_n to_o bray_v corn_n withal_o in_o their_o mill_n and_o backhouse_n also_o the_o family_n of_o the_o pisenes_n who_o take_v their_o name_n a_o pisendo_fw-la i._n of_o stamp_v or_o pound_v corn_n in_o a_o mortar_n the_o fabius_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o lentuli_n and_o the_o cicero_n each_o one_o according_a to_o the_o several_a pulse_n that_o they_o skill_v best_o to_o set_v or_o sow_v moreover_o to_o the_o house_n of_o the_o junij_fw-la they_o give_v the_o syrname_n of_o bubulcus_n by_o occasion_n of_o one_o of_o their_o ancestor_n who_o know_v pass_v well_o how_o to_o use_v and_o order_n ox_n over_o &_o beside_o all_o this_o that_o you_o may_v know_v what_o regard_n be_v have_v of_o corn_n among_o other_o sacred_a and_o holy_a ceremony_n there_o be_v nothing_o repute_v more_o religious_a than_o the_o bond_n of_o confarration_n in_o knit_v up_o of_o marriage_n &_o assurance_n make_v of_o the_o chief_a priest_n yea_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o new_a wed_a bride_n be_v to_o carry_v open_o before_o they_o a_o wheaten_a cake_n in_o time_n past_a the_o magistrate_n call_v censor_n judge_v it_o a_o trespass_n worthy_a of_o great_a rebuke_n to_o be_v a_o ill_a husband_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o be_v careless_a and_o negligent_a in_o till_v the_o ground_n and_o as_o cato_n report_v if_o man_n call_v one_o by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o good_a husbandman_n they_o be_v think_v to_o have_v praise_v &_o commend_v he_o in_o the_o high_a degree_n hereupon_o also_o it_o come_v that_o rich_a and_o substantial_a man_n be_v term_v in_o latin_a locuplete_v as_o one_o will_v say_v loci-pleni_a i._o well_o land_v and_o as_o for_o the_o very_a word_n pecunia_n in_o latin_a which_o signify_v money_n it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o pecus_fw-la i_o cattle_n and_o even_o at_o this_o day_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o register_n of_o the_o censor_n and_o the_o account_n of_o the_o city_n chamber_n all_o their_o rent_n revenue_n and_o custom_n grow_v unto_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v call_v pascua_n for_o that_o a_o long_a time_n the_o whole_a domain_n of_o rome_n stand_v upon_o pasturage_n and_o nothing_o else_o the_o penalty_n and_o fine_n also_o which_o offendant_n be_v put_v to_o pay_v be_v raise_v of_o nothing_o else_o but_o of_o cow_n ox_n and_o sheep_n where_o by_o the_o way_n i_o can_v conceal_v from_o you_o the_o favourable_a regard_n that_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o ordinance_n of_o rome_n have_v whereby_o it_o be_v express_o forbid_v that_o no_o judge_n who_o have_v power_n to_o enjoin_v or_o impose_v any_o pain_n and_o amercement_n shall_v name_v the_o fine_a of_o a_o ox_n unless_o he_o have_v pass_v that_o of_o a_o sheep_n first_o the_o solemn_a game_n and_o play_n also_o in_o the_o honour_n of_o cow_n and_o ox_n they_o who_o frequent_v they_o call_v bubetij_fw-la moreover_o king_n servius_n at_o the_o first_o when_o he_o make_v brazen_a coin_n stamp_v the_o piece_n with_o the_o portraiture_n of_o sheep_n cow_n and_o oxen._n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n all_o person_n whatsoever_o above_o fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n be_v forbid_v under_o pain_n of_o death_n either_o by_o stealth_n to_o feed_v their_o cattle_n in_o the_o night_n time_n upon_o any_o cornfield_n of_o another_o man_n plough_v and_o sow_v or_o to_o cut_v the_o same_o down_o by_o since_o or_o sickle_n at_o such_o a_o time_n and_o in_o that_o manner_n by_o the_o same_o law_n also_o ordain_v it_o be_v that_o whosoever_o be_v attaint_n or_o convict_v thereupon_o shall_v be_v hang_v by_o the_o head_n and_o strangle_v for_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o goddess_n ceres_n and_o in_o one_o word_n to_o be_v more_o grievous_o punish_v than_o in_o case_n of_o manslaughter_n but_o if_o the_o offender_n be_v under_o that_o age_n beforesaid_a the_o same_o law_n provide_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v whip_v at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o praetor_n or_o lord_n chief_a justice_n for_o the_o time_n be_v or_o if_o this_o punishment_n be_v remit_v by_o the_o party_n who_o sustain_v the_o damage_n than_o he_o shall_v satisfy_v unto_o he_o for_o the_o trespass_n as_o a_o slave_n and_o pay_v double_a for_o the_o loss_n according_a as_o honest_a and_o indifferent_a man_n value_v it_o furthermore_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o distinction_n of_o state_n and_o degree_n in_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n both_o for_o wealth_n and_o worship_n be_v according_a to_o their_o land_n and_o not_o otherwise_o insomuch_o as_o those_o citizen_n be_v repute_v for_o chief_a and_o principal_a who_o be_v possess_v of_o land_n and_o live_n in_o the_o country_n and_o these_o make_v the_o state_n call_v the_o rustic_a tribe_n in_o rome_n whereas_o contrariwise_o the_o other_o estate_n repute_v the_o mean_a in_o degree_n be_v name_v the_o vrbane_n tribe_n consist_v of_o artisan_n and_o such_o like_a as_o be_v not_o land_v person_n into_o which_o if_o a_o man_n be_v transfer_v from_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v think_v a_o great_a shame_n and_o disgrace_n as_o if_o he_o be_v reproach_v for_o idleness_n &_o negligence_n in_o husbandry_n and_o hereupon_o these_o four_o tribe_n alone_o take_v name_n of_o those_o four_o principal_a part_n or_o quarter_n of_o the_o city_n wherein_o they_o be_v seat_v to_o wit_n suburrana_n palatina_n collina_n and_o exquilina_n over_o and_o beside_o upon_o fair_n and_o market_n day_n the_o rustic_a tribe_n usual_o visit_v the_o city_n upon_o which_o day_n therefore_o no_o public_a assembly_n of_o the_o
than_o to_o labour_v a_o ground_n exceed_v much_o and_o to_o over-til_a it_o l._n rarius_fw-la rufus_n a_o man_n of_o very_o base_a and_o low_a parentage_n descend_v &_o yet_o advance_v to_o the_o consular_a dignity_n for_o his_o prowess_n in_o feat_n of_o arm_n be_v otherwise_o very_o thrifty_a and_o spare_a after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o old_a world_n insomuch_o as_o partly_o by_o his_o nigardise_n and_o partly_o through_o the_o liberality_n of_o augustus_n caesar_n he_o have_v gather_v good_a together_o amount_v to_o the_o sum_n of_o a_o hundred_o million_o of_o sesterce_n all_o which_o mass_n of_o money_n what_o with_o purchase_v land_n to_o land_n in_o the_o picene_a country_n and_o what_o with_o bestow_v such_o a_o deal_n of_o husbandry_n upon_o it_o more_o iwis_o of_o a_o vain_a glory_n and_o ostentation_n than_o for_o any_o profit_n that_o he_o reap_v thereby_o he_o lay_v forth_o and_o spend_v every_o whit_n of_o that_o stock_n insomuch_o as_o hardly_o he_o can_v find_v any_o man_n that_o will_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o be_v his_o executor_n or_o to_o accept_v simple_o of_o the_o inheritance_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v then_o or_o what_o good_a come_v of_o such_o house_n or_o land_n so_o chargeable_a as_o that_o they_o be_v like_a to_o cost_v a_o man_n his_o life_n and_o that_o by_o famine_n i_o hold_v therefore_o that_o in_o all_o thing_n a_o mean_a be_v best_a and_o bring_v great_a profit_n in_o the_o end_n to_o till_o and_o husband_n ground_n well_o be_v necessary_a to_o overdo_a the_o same_o and_o to_o exceed_v turn_v more_o to_o the_o damage_n than_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o lord_n unless_o it_o be_v do_v by_o his_o own_o child_n or_o to_o maintain_v the_o charge_n of_o keep_v such_o hind_n as_o otherwise_o must_v be_v find_v if_o they_o sit_v still_o and_o do_v nothing_o for_o set_v that_o cause_n aside_o it_o fall_v out_o oftentimes_o that_o the_o gather_n and_o in_v of_o some_o harvest_n if_o a_o man_n count_v all_o the_o pain_n employ_v and_o the_o money_n of_o the_o purse_n be_v nothing_o beneficial_a to_o the_o master_n in_o like_a manner_n olive_n will_v not_o always_o be_v tend_v and_o look_v unto_o overmuch_o neither_o do_v some_o ground_n require_v much_o diligence_n but_o be_v the_o worse_a for_o such_o attendance_n as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o report_n in_o sicily_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o new_a comer_n thither_o for_o to_o be_v tenant_n and_o to_o occupy_v those_o land_n be_v many_o time_n deceive_v and_o put_v beside_o their_o reckon_n after_o what_o manner_n then_o shall_v we_o proceed_v in_o the_o husbandry_n of_o our_o land_n to_o most_o benefit_n and_o behoof_n learn_v a_o rule_n out_o of_o the_o oracle_n or_o sententious_a riddle_n which_o go_v in_o this_o form_n malis_fw-la bonis_fw-la i._o cheap_a best_a but_o herein_o i_o think_v good_a reason_n it_o be_v that_o our_o old_a great_a grandfather_n shall_v be_v defend_v and_o excuse_v for_o hold_v these_o strange_a and_o obscure_a paradox_n they_o i_o say_v who_o by_o such_o rule_n and_o precept_n take_v great_a care_n and_o pain_n to_o instruct_v we_o how_o to_o live_v will_v you_o know_v then_o what_o they_o mean_v by_o this_o word_n malis_fw-la sure_o they_o understand_v those_o that_o be_v cheap_a and_o stand_v they_o in_o least_o the_o chief_a point_n of_o all_o their_o providence_n and_o forecast_n be_v to_o go_v the_o near_a way_n to_o work_v and_o to_o be_v at_o the_o small_a cost_n and_o no_o marvel_n for_o who_o be_v they_o that_o give_v out_o these_o thrifty_a precept_n even_o those_o who_o reproach_v a_o victorious_a general_n and_o one_o who_o triumph_v over_o the_o enemy_n for_o have_v a_o cupboard_n of_o silver_n plate_n weigh_v but_o ten_o pound_n those_o i_o say_v who_o if_o their_o bailiff_n of_o husbandry_n chance_v to_o die_v whereby_o their_o land_n in_o the_o country_n stand_v void_a will_v make_v suit_n to_o be_v go_v themselves_o thither_o and_o to_o return_v to_o their_o own_o ferme_n leave_v behind_o they_o 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husbandry_n he_o present_v likewise_o in_o the_o open_a face_n of_o the_o court_n his_o own_o daughter_n a_o lusty_a strong_a lass_n and_o big_a of_o bone_n yea_o and_o as_o piso_n tell_v the_o tale_n well_o feed_v and_o as_o well_o clad_v he_o show_v there_o i_o say_v his_o tool_n and_o plough_v iron_n of_o the_o best_a make_v and_o keep_v in_o as_o good_a order_n main_a and_o heavy_a coulter_n strong_a and_o tough_a spade_n massy_a and_o weighty_a ploughshare_n and_o withal_o his_o draught_n ox_n full_a and_o fair_a now_o when_o his_o course_n come_v to_o plead_v his_o own_o cause_n before_o the_o people_n and_o to_o answer_v for_o himself_o thus_o he_o begin_v and_o say_v my_o master_n quoth_v he_o you_o that_o be_v citizen_n of_o rome_n behold_v these_o be_v the_o sorcery_n charm_n and_o all_o the_o enchantment_n that_o i_o use_v point_v to_o his_o daughter_n his_o ox_n &_o furniture_n abovenamed_a i_o may_v beside_o quoth_v he_o allege_v my_o own_o travel_n and_o toil_n that_o i_o take_v the_o early_a rise_n and_o late_o sit_v up_o so_o ordinary_a with_o i_o the_o careful_a watch_v that_o i_o usual_o abide_v and_o the_o painful_a sweat_n which_o i_o daily_o endure_v but_o i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o represent_v these_o to_o your_o view_n nor_o to_o bring_v they_o hither_o with_o i_o into_o this_o assembly_n the_o people_n no_o soon_o hear_v this_o plea_n of_o he_o but_o with_o one_o voice_n they_o all_o acquit_v he_o and_o declare_v he_o unguilty_a without_o any_o contradiction_n by_o which_o example_n very_o a_o man_n may_v soon_o see_v that_o good_a husbandry_n go_v not_o all_o by_o much_o expense_n but_o it_o be_v pain_n take_v and_o careful_a diligence_n that_o do_v the_o deed_n and_o hereupon_o come_v the_o old_a
corn_n ripen_v soon_o or_o late_a for_o in_o egypt_n barley_n be_v ready_a to_o be_v reap_v in_o the_o six_o month_n after_o it_o be_v sow_v and_o wheat_n in_o seven_o but_o in_o the_o region_n of_o hellas_n in_o greece_n the_o barley_n tarry_v seven_o month_n and_o in_o peloponnesus_n or_o morea_n eight_o as_o for_o wheat_n and_o such_o like_a hard_a corn_n long_o it_o be_v ere_o it_o be_v ripe_a and_o ready_a for_o the_o sycle_n all_o corn_n that_o grow_v aloft_o upon_o a_o stalk_n or_o straw_n bear_v the_o grain_n arrange_v spikewise_o and_o as_o if_o they_o be_v plait_v and_o braid_v like_o a_o border_n of_o hair_n in_o bean_n stalk_n and_o other_o such_o like_a pulse_n the_o cod_n grow_v in_o alternative_a course_n some_o on_o the_o right_a side_n other_o on_o the_o left_a in_o order_n wheat_n and_o such_o like_a spiked_a corn_n withstand_v the_o winter_n can_v better_o than_o pulse_n but_o these_o yield_v a_o strong_a food_n and_o fill_v the_o belly_n soon_o wheat_n rye_n and_o such_o like_a grain_n be_v well_o wrap_v within_o many_o tunicle_n barley_n for_o the_o most_o part_n lie_v bare_a and_o naked_a so_o do_v arinca_n i._o a_o kind_n of_o rice_n or_o amel_n corn_n and_o oat_n especial_o the_o straw_n of_o wheat_n and_o rye_n be_v common_o tall_a than_o that_o of_o barley_n but_o the_o eile_n of_o barley_n be_v more_o rough_a and_o pricky_a than_o those_o of_o the_o other_o pol-wheat_n both_o red_a and_o white_a yea_o and_o barley_n also_o be_v thresh_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o husk_n upon_o a_o floor_n and_o be_v thus_o thresh_v clean_a and_o pure_a it_o be_v either_o ground_n or_o sow_v again_o without_o any_o parch_a or_o dry_v in_o a_o furnace_n contrariwise_o the_o bear_n corn_n of_o beard_a wheat_n far_o millet_n and_o panic_n can_v possible_o be_v make_v clean_o unless_o they_o be_v first_o sendged_a and_o so_o dry_v these_o sort_n of_o grain_n therefore_o use_v to_o be_v sow_v raw_a and_o rude_a with_o their_o very_a hul_n like_v as_o the_o 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other_o most_o neat_a and_o fair_a and_o this_o singular_a property_n it_o have_v beside_o different_a from_o the_o rest_n that_o ordinary_o in_o every_o measure_n call_v modius_n it_o yield_v more_o bread_n by_o four_o pound_n weight_n than_o any_o other_o corn_n husked_a and_o dress_v in_o manner_n aforesaid_a verrius_n report_v that_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n for_o 300_o year_n together_o use_v no_o other_o meat_n than_o the_o groat_n make_v of_o common_a wheat_n and_o as_o touch_v wheat_n there_o be_v many_o sort_n thereof_o distinguish_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o region_n and_o country_n where_o they_o be_v find_v grow_v howbeit_o for_o my_o part_n i_o think_v very_o that_o there_o be_v no_o wheat_n in_o the_o world_n comparable_a to_o we_o here_o in_o italy_n for_o it_o surpass_v all_o other_o both_o in_o whiteness_n and_o also_o in_o weight_n by_o which_o two_o mark_n especial_o as_o it_o be_v know_v from_o the_o rest_n so_o it_o be_v repute_v for_o the_o very_o best_a and_o if_o you_o take_v the_o wheat_n grow_v in_o the_o mountain_n country_n of_o italy_n the_o best_a haply_o of_o foreign_a region_n may_v match_v it_o and_o that_o be_v the_o wheat_n of_o boeotia_n the_o principal_a of_o all_o other_o next_o to_o it_o be_v that_o which_o grow_v in_o sicily_n and_o than_o that_o of_o africa_n may_v be_v range_v in_o the_o last_o place_n in_o a_o three_o rank_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v the_o thracian_a and_o syrian_a wheat_n and_o after_o they_o the_o egyptian_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o weight_n that_o it_o carry_v now_o these_o degree_n of_o weight_n we_o gather_v by_o the_o proportion_n assign_v to_o champion_n and_o wrestler_n who_o allowance_n be_v much_o like_a to_o the_o liurie_n give_v to_o labour_a horse_n and_o as_o much_o in_o manner_n will_v their_o paunch_n both_o require_v and_o receive_v for_o according_a as_o they_o can_v ear_n of_o the_o one_o sort_n more_o measure_n than_o of_o the_o other_o that_o so_o arise_v these_o distinct_a degree_n in_o the_o weight_n above_o say_v the_o greek_n make_v great_a account_n of_o the_o wheat_n grow_v by_o pontus_n and_o high_o commend_v it_o but_o this_o never_o come_v into_o italy_n neither_o know_v we_o what_o it_o be_v the_o same_o grecian_n prefer_v before_o all_o other_o grain_n these_o three_o sort_n to_o wit_n dracontias_n strangias_n and_o selinusium_fw-la esteem_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o corn_n by_o the_o thickness_n and_o bigness_n of_o the_o straw_n and_o attribute_v these_o three_o kind_n by_o that_o sign_n and_o argument_n to_o the_o goodness_n and_o riches_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o therefore_o they_o prescribe_v to_o sow_v this_o corn_n in_o a_o fat_a and_o battle_n ground_n but_o the_o light_a in_o weight_n and_o poor_a in_o substance_n because_o it_o require_v much_o nutriment_n they_o appoint_v to_o be_v sow_v in_o moist_a place_n of_o this_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n be_v the_o ancient_a greek_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a at_o what_o time_n as_o greece_n be_v in_o the_o flower_n and_o height_n of_o her_o glory_n as_o have_v the_o monarchy_n and_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o whole_a world_n howbeit_o before_o his_o death_n 145_o year_n or_o thereabouts_o sophocles_n the_o poet_n in_o a_o tragedy_n entitle_v triptolemus_n praise_v the_o italian_a wheat_n above_o all_o other_o for_o in_o effect_n thus_o he_o say_v word_n forword_n et_fw-la fortunatam_fw-la italiam_fw-la frumento_fw-la canére_n candido_fw-la and_o italy_n a_o land_n i_o say_v so_o happy_a and_o so_o blessed_v where_o stand_v the_o field_n all_o hoar_a and_o gray_a with_o white_a wheat_n of_o the_o best_a and_o in_o very_a truth_n our_o italian_a wheat_n at_o this_o day_n carry_v the_o name_n alone_o in_o that_o regard_n i_o wonder_v therefore_o so_o much_o the_o more_o at_o the_o modern_a greek_n of_o late_a time_n who_o make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o this_o ourwheat_n now_o at_o this_o present_a of_o all_o those_o kind_n of_o outlandish_a wheat_n which_o be_v transport_v by_o sea_n into_o italy_n the_o light_a be_v that_o which_o come_v out_o of_o france_n and_o chersonesus_n i._o the_o streit_n of_o callipolis_n for_o a_o modius_n or_o peck_n thereof_o contain_v not_o above_o 20_o pound_n weight_n weigh_v the_o very_a grain_n itself_o as_o it_o grow_v uncleanse_v husk_n and_o all_o the_o sardinian_a wheat_n be_v more_o weighty_a than_o it_o by_o half_a a_o pound_n in_o a_o modius_n and_o that_o of_o alexandria_n exceed_v the_o french_a half_a a_o pound_n and_o ounce_n one_o three_o part_n in_o every_o measure_n before_o name_v and_o this_o be_v the_o very_a poise_n also_o of_o the_o sicilian_a wheat_n the_o boeotian_n be_v yet_o a_o full_a pound_n heavy_a and_o that_o of_o africa_n as_o much_o and_o ounce_n three_o four_o part_n of_o a_o pound_n more_o in_o lombardy_n &_o that_o tract_n of_o italy_n beyond_o the_o river_n po_n i_o know_v full_a well_o that_o a_o modius_n of_o their_o wheat_n weigh_v 25_o pound_n and_o about_o clusium_n 26._o but_o be_v the_o corn_n whatsoever_o it_o will_v this_o be_v the_o ordinary_a proportion_n by_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n that_o be_v make_v into_o downright_a household_n bread_n for_o soldier_n and_o to_o serve_v the_o camp_n it_o ought_v to_o weigh_v as_o much_o as_o it_o do_v in_o corn_n and_o one_o three_o part_n over_o and_o above_o as_o also_o this_o be_v a_o rule_n that_o the_o best_a wheat_n be_v that_o which_o to_o every_o modius_n will_v take_v and_o drink_v up_o a_o gallon_n of_o water_n ere_o it_o be_v make_v dough_n and_o yet_o some_o kind_n of_o wheat_n there_o be_v that_o will_v yield_v the_o full_a weight_n aforesaid_a in_o bread_n and_o never_o count_v the_o water_n go_v thereto_o &_o namely_o that_o which_o
better_a to_o grind_v and_o withal_o yield_v better_o and_o be_v more_o fruitful_a the_o red-wheat_n call_v far_o be_v poll_v wheat_n in_o egypt_n and_o carry_v no_o beard_n or_o eile_n about_o it_o so_o be_v the_o white_a winter_n wheat_n siligo_fw-la save_v only_o that_o which_o be_v name_v laconica_n to_o these_o may_v be_v adjoin_v other_o kind_n also_o to_o wit_n *_o bromos_n the_o poll_n wheat_n siligo_fw-la differ_v from_o all_o oat_n the_o other_o of_o that_o name_n and_o tragos_n stranger_n all_o bring_v from_o the_o levant_n or_o east_n part_n and_o resemble_v rice_n every_o one_o typhe_n likewise_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n whereof_o in_o italy_n and_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v make_v that_o husked_a corn_n which_o go_v among_o we_o for_o rice_n for_o it_o turn_v into_o it_o the_o greek_n have_v a_o kind_n of_o wheat_n call_v zea_n or_o spell_v &_o it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o both_o it_o and_o typhae_fw-la consider_v that_o they_o use_v to_o degenerate_v and_o prove_v bastard_n will_v turn_v to_o their_o kind_n again_o and_o become_v wheat_n if_o they_o be_v husk_v before_o a_o man_n sow_v they_o howbeit_o this_o change_n will_v not_o be_v see_v present_o nor_o before_o the_o three_o year_n as_o touch_v our_o common_a wheat_n there_o be_v no_o grain_n more_o fruitful_a than_o it_o this_o gift_n have_v nature_n endue_v it_o withal_o because_o she_o mean_v thereby_o to_o nourish_v mankind_n most_o for_o one_o modius_n thereof_o sow_v if_o the_o soil_n be_v good_a and_o agreeable_a thereto_o such_o as_o lie_v about_o biâ—…acium_n the_o champain_n country_n of_o africa_n will_v yield_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o fold_n again_o the_o procurator_n general_a of_o that_o province_n under_o augustus_n caesar_n send_v from_o thence_o unto_o he_o one_o plant_v thereof_o a_o wondrous_a thing_n and_o incredible_a to_o be_v report_v which_o have_v little_a under_o 400_o straw_n spring_v from_o one_o grain_n &_o meeting_n all_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o root_n as_o it_o appear_v upon_o record_n by_o the_o letter_n send_v testify_v no_o less_o likewise_o to_o the_o emperor_n nero_n he_o send_v 340_o straw_n out_o of_o the_o same_o country_n rise_v all_o from_o one_o only_a corn_n but_o to_o go_v no_o far_o than_o to_o sicily_n within_o the_o territory_n about_o leontium_n there_o have_v be_v certain_a field_n know_v wherein_o one_o grain_n put_v forth_o no_o few_o than_o a_o hundred_o stalk_n with_o ear_n upon_o they_o and_o not_o there_o only_o but_o also_o in_o many_o other_o part_n of_o that_o island_n and_o this_o be_v ordinary_a throughout_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granade_n and_o andalusia_n in_o spain_n but_o above_o all_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n may_v make_v boast_n in_o render_v such_o interest_n to_o the_o husbandman_n moreover_o of_o all_o those_o kind_n of_o wheat_n which_o be_v so_o plentiful_a there_o be_v principal_a account_n make_v of_o that_o which_o branch_n as_o also_o of_o another_o which_o man_n call_v centigranum_fw-la i._o the_o wheat_n that_o bear_v 100_o grain_n to_o leave_v this_o kind_n of_o grain_n and_o to_o come_v to_o pulse_n there_o have_v be_v find_v in_o italy_n and_o go_v no_o far_o one_o bean_n stalk_v lade_v with_o a_o hundred_o bean_n touch_v summer_n corn_n to_o wit_n sesame_n millet_n and_o panic_n we_o have_v already_o speak_v as_o for_o sesame_n it_o come_v from_o the_o indian_n whereof_o they_o make_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o oil_n the_o colour_n of_o this_o grain_n be_v white_a like_o unto_o it_o there_o be_v another_o grain_n call_v erysinum_fw-la which_o be_v rife_o in_o asia_n &_o greece_n and_o i_o will_v say_v it_o be_v the_o very_a same_o that_o with_o we_o in_o latin_a be_v name_v irio_n but_o that_o it_o be_v more_o oileous_a and_o fatty_a and_o indeed_o to_o be_v count_v a_o medicinable_a or_o physical_a plant_n rather_o than_o a_o kind_n of_o corn_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n be_v that_o which_o the_o greek_n call_v hormium_fw-la it_o resemble_v cumin_n ae_v be_v usual_o sow_v with_o sesame_n how_o beit_v no_o beast_n will_v eat_v thereof_o while_o it_o be_v green_a no_o more_o than_o they_o do_v of_o irio_n a_o foresay_a to_o come_v now_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o husking_a and_o cleanse_v of_o corn_n the_o feat_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o do_v in_o all_o as_o in_o some_o for_o in_o tuscan_a they_o take_v the_o ear_n of_o their_o red_a wheat_n call_v far_o when_o they_o be_v parch_v and_o dry_v at_o the_o fire_n they_o pound_n or_o bray_v they_o with_o a_o pestle_n head_v at_o the_o nether_a end_n with_o iron_n or_o else_o fistulous_a and_o hollow_a within_o yet_o bind_v about_o with_o a_o hoop_n or_o ring_n of_o iron_n and_o the_o same_o within_o forth_o tooth_v in_o manner_n of_o a_o star_n so_o as_o if_o they_o be_v not_o heed_n full_a in_o the_o stamp_v the_o yron-work_n at_o the_o pestle_n end_n will_v either_o cut_v the_o corn_n in_o two_o or_o else_o bruise_v and_o break_v they_o clean_o in_o italy_n for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o use_v a_o reed_n or_o plain_a pestle_n not_o head_v with_o iron_n to_o husk_n and_o dress_v their_o corn_n or_o else_o certain_a wheel_n that_o be_v turn_v and_o drive_v apace_o with_o water_n which_o go_v very_o swift_a do_v also_o grind_v the_o say_a corn_n but_o since_o we_o be_v fall_v into_o this_o treatise_n concern_v husking_a and_o grind_a of_o corn_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o for_o to_o set_v down_o the_o opinion_n and_o resolution_n of_o mago_n in_o this_o behalf_n first_o for_o common_a wheat_n he_o give_v order_n that_o it_o be_v well_o steep_v and_o soak_a in_o good_a store_n of_o water_n afterward_o to_o berid_fw-la from_o the_o hull_n and_o eile_n that_o it_o have_v in_o a_o mortar_n which_o do_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v dry_v in_o the_o sun_n and_o follow_v a_o second_o time_n with_o a_o pestle_n in_o like_a manner_n say_v he_o shall_v barley_n be_v use_v how_o beit_n two_o sextar_n or_o quart_n of_o water_n will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o besprinkle_v and_o wet_v twenty_o sextar_n of_o barley_n as_o for_o lentil_o he_o will_v have_v they_o first_o parch_v and_o dry_v and_o then_o light_o pun_v or_o stamp_v together_o with_o brans_fw-la or_o else_o to_o put_v unto_o twenty_o sextar_n thereof_o a_o fragment_n or_o piece_n of_o a_o break_a semeld_a brick_n and_o half_a a_o modius_n or_o peck_n of_o sand_n eruile_a will_v be_v cleanse_v or_o husk_v as_o lentil_o be_v but_o sesame_n after_o it_o have_v be_v infuse_v or_o soak_a in_o hot_a water_n he_o say_v aught_o to_o be_v lay_v abroad_o a_o sun_v then_o to_o be_v rub_v hard_o together_o and_o afterward_o to_o be_v put_v into_o cold_a water_n and_o therewith_o cover_v so_o as_o the_o hul_n or_o chaffe_n do_v float_v and_o swim_v aloft_o which_o do_v to_o be_v lay_v forth_o a_o second_o time_n in_o the_o sun_n upon_o linen_n clothes_n for_o to_o dry_v now_o if_o all_o this_o be_v not_o do_v one_o thing_n after_o another_o and_o dispatch_v with_o the_o more_o speed_n and_o haste_n it_o will_v soon_o vinew_v or_o catch_v a_o mouldiness_n and_o beside_o lose_v the_o bright_a native_a hue_n and_o look_v wan_a and_o of_o a_o leaden_a colour_n now_o say_v that_o corn_n be_v cleanse_v and_o husk_v some_o one_o way_n and_o some_o another_o it_o be_v ground_n afterward_o in_o diverse_a sort_n if_o the_o ear_n be_v bolt_v by_o themselves_o alone_o for_o goldsmith_n work_n the_o chaff_n come_v thereof_o be_v call_v in_o latin_a acus_fw-la but_o if_o it_o be_v thresh_v and_o beat_v upon_o a_o pave_a floor_n ear_n straw_n and_o altogether_o as_o in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n they_o use_v to_o do_v for_o to_o fodder_n cattle_n and_o to_o give_v in_o provender_n to_o horse_n than_o it_o be_v term_v palâ—…a_n but_o the_o refuse_n or_o chaff_n remain_v after_o that_o panic_n or_o sesame_n be_v cleanse_v they_o call_v in_o latin_a appluda_n how_o soever_o in_o other_o country_n it_o be_v otherwise_o name_v to_o speak_v more_o particular_o of_o millet_n there_o be_v great_a store_n thereof_o in_o campaine_n and_o there_o they_o set_v much_o by_o it_o for_o of_o it_o they_o make_v a_o kind_n of_o white_a grewel_n or_o pottage_n also_o the_o bread_n thereof_o be_v pass_v savoury_a and_o sweet_a the_o tartarian_n also_o &_o nation_n in_o sarmatia_n feed_v most_o of_o this_o water_n gruel_n make_v with_o millet_n as_o also_o with_o the_o crude_a and_o raw_a meal_n thereof_o unsodden_v and_o unbaked_a temper_v with_o mare_n milk_n or_o else_o with_o horse-bloud_n that_o run_v out_o of_o their_o master_n leg-vain_n by_o way_n of_o incision_n make_v for_o the_o purpose_n with_o the_o phlegm_n as_o for_o the_o aethiopian_n they_o know_v no_o other_o corn_n but_o millet_n
throw_v in_o their_o seed_n and_o mould_n or_o cover_v it_o afterward_o with_o yron-toothed_n harrow_n draw_v aloft_o land_n in_o this_o manner_n sow_v need_v no_o other_o rake_v or_o weed_n for_o common_o they_o make_v not_o past_o two_o or_o three_o bout_n in_o a_o land_n and_o as_o many_o ridge_n final_o it_o be_v think_v that_o in_o this_o manner_n there_o may_v be_v sow_v in_o one_o year_n by_o the_o help_n of_o one_o yoke_n of_o ox_n 40_o arpen_v or_o acre_n of_o land_n ordinary_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v gentle_a and_o easy_a to_o be_v ear_v but_o if_o it_o be_v stiff_a and_o stubborn_a they_o shall_v have_v work_n enough_o to_o go_v through_o thirty_o chap._n xix_o ¶_o the_o season_n that_o be_v proper_a for_o till_v the_o ground_n also_o the_o manner_n of_o couple_a ox_n in_o yoke_n in_o this_o operation_n of_o plough_v ground_n i_o be_o of_o mind_n to_o follow_v that_o oracle_n or_o aphorism_n of_o cato_n who_o be_v ask_v which_o be_v the_o first_o and_o principal_a point_n of_o agriculture_n answer_v thus_o even_o to_o husband_n order_n and_o tend_v ground_n well_o be_v demand_v again_o what_o be_v the_o second_o he_o colâ—…re_fw-la make_v answer_v to_o plough_v well_o and_o when_o the_o question_n be_v propound_v concern_v the_o three_o point_n arare_fw-la of_o husbandry_n he_o say_v that_o it_o consist_v in_o manure_v and_o dung_v it_o well_o there_o be_v other_o necessary_a rule_n beside_o set_v down_o by_o he_o as_o touch_v this_o matter_n namely_o make_v no_o unequal_a furrow_n in_o stercorare_fw-la plough_v but_o lay_v they_o alike_o with_o one_o and_o the_o same_o plough_n pass_v not_o the_o kindly_a season_n but_o care_v the_o ground_n in_o due_a time_n in_o the_o warm_a country_n land_n will_v be_v break_v up_o and_o fallows_n make_v immediate_o after_o the_o winter_n solstice_n or_o sunstead_n in_o cold_a region_n touch_v they_o not_o before_o the_o spring_n aequinox_n or_o mid-march_a in_o a_o dry_a quarter_n plough_v more_o early_o than_o in_o a_o moist_a soon_o also_o in_o a_o fast_n and_o compact_a soil_n than_o in_o a_o loose_a and_o light_a ground_n in_o a_o fat_a and_o rich_a field_n than_o in_o a_o lean_a and_o poor_a land_n look_v in_o what_o climate_n the_o summer_n be_v ordinary_o dry_a and_o hot_a it_o be_v think_v more_o profitable_a to_o ear_n up_o a_o chalky_a or_o a_o light_n and_o lean_a ground_n between_o the_o summer_n sunstead_n and_o the_o aequinoctial_a in_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o leaf_n if_o the_o climate_n be_v such_o as_o yield_v but_o little_a heat_n in_o summer_n and_o therewith_o many_o shower_n of_o rain_n where_o the_o soil_n also_o be_v fat_a and_o bear_v a_o thick_a green-sourd_a it_o be_v better_a to_o break_v up_o ground_n and_o fallow_a in_o the_o hot_a season_n where_o the_o soil_n be_v heavy_a gross_a and_o fat_a and_o wherein_o a_o man_n may_v tread_v deep_a i_o like_v well_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v till_v and_o stir_v in_o winter_n but_o in_o case_n it_o be_v very_o light_a and_o dry_a withal_o it_o will_v not_o be_v meddle_v with_o but_o a_o little_a before_o spring_n seednes_n here_o also_o be_v other_o proper_a rule_v set_v down_o by_o cato_n pertinent_a to_o agriculture_n touch_v not_o qd_n he_o in_o any_o hand_n a_o piece_n of_o ground_n that_o soon_o will_v turn_v to_o dust_n and_o mire_n when_o thou_o do_v plough_v indeed_o for_o to_o sow_v employ_v thy_o whole_a strength_n thereto_o but_o before_o thou_o take_v a_o deep_a stitch_n for_o all_o give_v it_o a_o pin-fallow_a before_o this_o commodity_n come_v thereof_o that_o by_o turn_v up_o the_o turf_n with_o the_o bottom_n upward_o the_o root_n of_o weed_n be_v kill_v some_o be_v of_o this_o opinion_n that_o howsoever_o we_o do_v else_o a_o ground_n shall_v have_v the_o first_o brâ—…aking_v up_o about_o the_o springe_n â—…inox_n a_o land_n that_o thus_o haâ—…h_o be_v once_o plough_v in_o the_o spring_n be_v call_v in_o latin_a vervactum_fw-la &_o have_v that_o name_n of_o the_o foresay_a time_n ver_n i._n spring_n indeed_o ley_fw-fr ground_n &_o such_o as_o rest_v each_o other_o year_n must_v be_v in_o this_o wise_a follow_v now_o if_o you_o will_v know_v what_o the_o latin_n mean_v by_o novale_n they_o take_v it_o for_o a_o field_n sow_v everysecond_v year_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o land_n to_o come_v now_o unto_o our_o draught_n ox_n that_o must_v labour_v at_o the_o plough_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v couple_v in_o yoke_n as_o close_v together_o &_o as_o straight_o as_o be_v possible_a to_o the_o end_n that_o whilst_o they_o be_v at_o work_n and_o plough_v they_o may_v bear_v up_o their_o head_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o lest_o do_v gall_n or_o bruise_v their_o neck_n if_o they_o chance_v to_o go_v to_o plough_v among_o tree_n and_o vine_n they_o must_v be_v muzzle_v with_o some_o frail_n or_o device_n make_v of_o twig_n to_o the_o end_n they_o shall_v not_o brouse_a and_o crop_v off_o the_o young_a spring_n and_o soft_a tendril_n moreover_o there_o ought_v a_o little_a hatchet_n to_o hang_v evermore_o fast_o to_o the_o plough_n beam_n before_o therewith_o to_o cut_v through_o root_n within_o the_o ground_n that_o may_v break_v or_o stay_v the_o plough_n for_o better_a be_v it_o so_o to_o do_v than_o to_o put_v the_o plough_n to_o it_o to_o keep_v a_o pluck_n at_o they_o or_o to_o force_v the_o poor_a ox_n to_o lie_v tug_v &_o wrestle_v with_o they_o also_o in_o plough_v this_o order_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v that_o when_o the_o ox_n be_v peragi_fw-la go_v down_o with_o one_o furrow_n to_o the_o land_n end_n they_o turn_v and_o go_v up_o again_o with_o another_o so_o that_o in_o plough_v of_o a_o land_n they_o stigare_fw-la rest_v between_o while_n as_o little_a as_o may_v be_v but_o evermore_o go_v forward_o in_o their_o labour_n until_o they_o have_v make_v a_o end_n of_o their_o acâ—…_n half_a acre_n or_o half_a day_n work_v and_o very_o it_o be_v think_v sufficient_a for_o a_o time_fw-mi of_o ox_n to_o break_v up_o at_o the_o first_o tilth_n in_o one_o day_n of_o resty_a or_o ley_fw-fr ground_n one_o acre_n take_v a_o furrow_n or_o stitch_n of_o nine_o inch_n but_o at_o the_o second_o tilth_n or_o stir_v a_o acre_n and_o a_o half_a which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o easy_a and_o mellow_a soil_n to_o be_v wrought_v for_o if_o it_o be_v tough_a and_o churlish_a it_o be_v well_o if_o they_o ear_n up_o at_o the_o first_o half_o a_o acre_n and_o at_o the_o next_o time_n they_o may_v go_v through_o with_o one_o whole_a acre_n how_o hard_o soever_o the_o ground_n be_v for_o thus_o have_v poor_a beast_n their_o task_n set_v and_o their_o labour_n limit_v by_o nature_n lore_n and_o appointment_n every_o field_n to_o be_v sow_v must_v be_v ear_v at_o first_o with_o straight_a &_o direct_a furrow_n but_o those_o that_o follow_v after_o aught_o to_o go_v bias_n and_o wind_a if_o a_o ground_n upon_o the_o pendant_n or_o hang_v of_o the_o hill_n be_v to_o be_v break_v up_o the_o furrow_n must_v go_v cross_a and_o overthwart_a howbeit_o the_o point_n and_o beak_n of_o the_o ploughshare_n must_v be_v so_o guide_v that_o one_o while_o it_o bear_v hard_o above_o on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o another_o while_n beneath_o on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o very_o in_o this_o mountain_n work_n the_o ploughman_n that_o hold_v the_o plough_n have_v toil_n enough_o and_o labour_v at_o it_o as_o hard_a as_o the_o ox_n do_v certes_o there_o be_v some_o mountain_n that_o have_v no_o use_n at_o all_o of_o this_o beast_n but_o they_o ear_n their_o ground_n with_o rake_v and_o scrape_v hook_n only_o the_o ploughman_n unless_o he_o bend_v and_o stoop_v forward_o with_o his_o body_n must_v needs_o make_v sleight_n work_v and_o leave_n much_o undo_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o fault_n which_o in_o latin_a we_o call_v prevarication_n and_o this_o term_v appropriate_a unto_o husbandry_n be_v borrow_v from_o thence_o by_o lawyer_n and_o translate_v by_o they_o into_o their_o court_n and_o hall_n of_o plea_n if_o it_o be_v then_o a_o reproachful_a crime_n for_o lawyer_n to_o abuse_v their_o client_n by_o way_n of_o collusion_n we_o ought_v to_o take_v heed_n how_o we_o deceive_v and_o mock_v the_o ground_n where_o this_o fault_n be_v first_o find_v and_o discover_v to_o proceed_v the_o ploughman_n ever_o and_o anon_o have_v need_n to_o cleanse_v the_o coulter_n and_o the_o share_n with_o his_o staff_n tip_v and_o point_v at_o the_o end_n like_o a_o thistle-spade_n he_o must_v beware_v that_o between_o two_o furrow_n he_o leave_v no_o naked_a balk_n raw_a and_o untilled_a also_o that_o the_o clot_n ride_v not_o one_o upon_o another_o back_n bad_o be_v that_o land_n plough_v which_o after_o the_o corn_n be_v
sow_v needs_o the_o great_a harrow_n and_o clot_v contrariwise_o a_o man_n may_v know_v where_o there_o be_v good_a work_n namely_o if_o the_o turf_n be_v so_o close_o couch_v that_o there_o be_v no_o seam_n to_o be_v see_v where_o the_o ploughshare_n go_v final_o it_o be_v a_o profitable_a point_n of_o husbandry_n and_o much_o practise_v where_o the_o ground_n do_v both_o bear_n and_o require_v it_o for_o to_o draw_v here_o and_o there_o broad_a gutter_n or_o furrow_n to_o drain_v away_o the_o water_n into_o ditch_n and_o trench_n cast_v for_o the_o nonce_n between_o the_o land_n that_o otherwise_o will_v stand_v within_o and_o drown_v the_o corn_n chap._n xx._n ¶_o of_o harrow_n and_o break_v clod_n of_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o plough_v use_v in_o old_a time_n of_o the_o second_o tilth_n or_o fallow_a call_v stir_a and_o of_o cut_v after_o the_o second_o fallow_a call_v stir_a do_v with_o cross_n and_o overthwart_a furrow_n to_o the_o first_o then_o follow_v clod_v if_o need_v be_v either_o with_o rake_n or_o great_a harrow_n upon_o which_o ensue_v sow_v and_o when_o the_o seed_n be_v in_o the_o ground_n harrow_n a_o second_o time_n with_o the_o small_a harrow_n in_o some_o place_n where_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o country_n do_v so_o require_v this_o be_v perform_v with_o a_o tined_a or_o tooth_a harrow_n or_o else_o with_o a_o broad_a plank_n fasten_v unto_o the_o plough_n tail_n which_o do_v hide_v and_o cover_v the_o seed_n new_o sow_v and_o in_o this_o manner_n to_o rake_v or_o harrow_n be_v call_v in_o latin_a lirare_fw-la from_o whence_o come_v first_o the_o word_n delirare_fw-la which_o be_v to_o leave_v bare_a balk_n uncover_v and_o by_o a_o metaphor_n and_o borrow_a speech_n to_o rave_v and_o speak_v idle_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o sensit_fw-la virgil_n prescribe_v that_o the_o ground_n shall_v have_v four_o tilthe_n in_o all_o by_o these_o word_n when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o corn_n be_v best_a which_o have_v two_o summer_n and_o two_o winter_n but_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v strong_a and_o tough_a as_o in_o most_o part_n of_o italy_n there_o need_v a_o down_o five_o tilth_n before_o sow_v and_o in_o tuscan_a very_o they_o give_v their_o ground_n otherwhiles_o no_o few_o than_o nine_o fallows_n before_o it_o be_v bring_v into_o tillage_n as_o for_o bean_n and_o vetch_n they_o may_v be_v sow_v under_o furrow_n without_o break_v up_o the_o ground_n before_o for_o this_o be_v a_o ready_a way_n gain_v time_n save_v charge_n &_o spare_v labour_n and_o here_o i_o can_v overpasse_v one_o invention_n more_o as_o touch_v ear_n and_o plough_v the_o ground_n devise_v in_o piedmont_n and_o those_o part_n beyond_o the_o po_n by_o occasion_n of_o some_o hard_a measure_n and_o wrong_v offer_v to_o the_o people_n and_o peisant_n of_o that_o country_n during_o the_o war_n and_o thus_o stand_v the_o case_n the_o salassians_n make_v road_n into_o the_o vale_n lie_v under_o the_o alps_n as_o they_o forray_v and_o harry_v the_o country_n all_o over_o assay_v also_o to_o overrun_v their_o field_n of_o panic_n and_o millet_n be_v now_o come_v up_o and_o well_o grow_v mean_v thereby_o to_o destroy_v it_o but_o see_v the_o nature_n of_o that_o grain_n to_o be_v such_o as_o to_o rise_v again_o and_o to_o check_v this_o injury_n they_o set_v plough_n into_o it_o and_o turn_v all_o under_o furrow_n imagine_v by_o that_o mean_n to_o spoil_v it_o for_o ever_o but_o see_v what_o ensue_v thereupon_o those_o field_n thus_o misuse_v in_o their_o conceit_n bear_v a_o twofold_a crop_n in_o proportion_n to_o other_o year_n &_o yield_v so_o plentiful_a a_o harvest_n as_o that_o thereby_o the_o peisant_n aforesaid_a learn_v the_o devise_n of_o turn_v corn_n in_o the_o blade_n into_o the_o ground_n which_o i_o suppose_v in_o those_o day_n when_o it_o new_a come_v up_o they_o call_v aratrare_fw-la and_o this_o point_n of_o husbandry_n they_o put_v in_o practice_n when_o the_o corn_n begin_v to_o gather_v and_o show_v the_o stem_n or_o straw_n to_o wit_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o have_v put_v forth_o two_o or_o three_o leaf_n and_o no_o more_o neither_o will_v i_o conceal_v from_o you_o another_o new_a devise_n practise_v and_o invent_v first_o not_o above_o three_o year_n pass_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o trevier_n near_o to_o ferrara_n for_o at_o what_o time_n as_o their_o corn_n field_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o extreme_a cold_a winter_n seem_v to_o be_v frostbite_a and_o spoil_v they_o sow_v the_o same_o again_o in_o the_o month_n of_o march_n rake_v and_o scrape_v the_o upper_a coat_n of_o the_o ground_n only_o without_o more_o ado_n and_o never_o in_o their_o life_n have_v they_o the_o like_a increase_n when_o harvest_n come_v now_o as_o touch_v all_o other_o tillage_n and_o husbandry_n meet_v for_o the_o ground_n i_o will_v write_v thereof_o respective_o to_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o corn_n chap._n xxi_o ¶_o of_o the_o tillage_n and_o order_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o fine_a wheat_n siligo_fw-la the_o red_a beard_a wheat_n far_o and_o the_o common_a wheat_n triticum_fw-la spell_v or_o zea_n general_o call_v seed_n and_o barley_n when_o they_o be_v new_o sow_v will_v be_v well_o clot_v and_o cover_v first_o harrow_v afterward_o &_o weed_v at_o the_o last_o to_o the_o very_a root_n all_o at_o such_o season_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v hereafter_o and_o to_o say_v a_o truth_n every_o one_o of_o these_o be_v a_o sufficient_a work_n for_o one_o man_n to_o do_v in_o a_o day_n throughout_o a_o acre_n as_o for_o the_o sarcle_a or_o second_o harrow_n it_o do_v much_o good_a to_o corn_n for_o by_o loosen_a the_o ground_n about_o it_o which_o by_o the_o winter_n cold_a be_v harden_v clunge_v and_o as_o it_o be_v hide_v bind_v it_o be_v somewhat_o enlarge_a and_o at_o liberty_n against_o the_o spring_n tide_n and_o full_a glad_o admit_v and_o receive_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o fresh_a and_o new_o come_v sunshine_n day_n let_v he_o take_v heed_n who_o thus_o sarcle_n or_o rake_n the_o ground_n that_o he_o neither_o undermine_v the_o root_n of_o the_o corn_n nor_o yet_o race_n or_o disquiet_v &_o loosen_v they_o the_o common_a wheat_n barley_n the_o seed_n zea_n i_o spelt_n and_o bean_n will_v do_v the_o better_a if_o they_o be_v thus_o sarcle_v and_o the_o earth_n lay_v loose_a about_o they_o twice_o the_o grub_v up_o of_o weed_n by_o the_o root_n at_o what_o time_n as_o the_o corn_n be_v joint_v namely_o when_o the_o unprofitable_a and_o hurtful_a herb_n be_v pluck_v forth_o and_o rid_v out_o of_o the_o way_n much_o help_v the_o root_n of_o the_o corn_n discharge_v it_o from_o noisome_a weed_n procure_v it_o more_o nutriment_n and_o sever_a it_o apart_o from_o the_o other_o green_a sourd_n of_o common_a grass_n of_o all_o pulse_n the_o cich_a pease_n ask_v the_o same_o dress_n and_o order_v as_o the_o red_a wheat_n far._n as_o for_o bean_n they_o pass_v not_o at_o all_o for_o weed_n and_o why_o they_o overgrow_v all_o the_o weed_n about_o and_o choke_v they_o the_o lupin_n require_v nought_o else_o to_o be_v do_v to_o they_o but_o only_o weed_n millet_n and_o panic_n must_v be_v clot_v and_o once_o harrow_v until_o they_o be_v cover_v they_o call_v not_o for_o a_o second_o rake_v &_o scrape_v about_o they_o for_o to_o loosen_v the_o earth_n and_o to_o lay_v fresh_a mould_n unto_o they_o much_o less_o to_o be_v weed_v as_o for_o silicia_n or_o siliqua_fw-la i._n book_n fenigreeke_n and_o fasel_n i_o kidney-bean_n they_o care_v only_o for_o clod_v &_o there_o a_o end_n moreover_o there_o be_v certain_a ground_n so_o fertile_a that_o the_o corn_n come_v up_o so_o thick_a &_o rank_n in_o the_o blade_n ought_v then_o to_o be_v kemb_v as_o it_o be_v &_o rake_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o harrow_n set_v with_o tooth_n or_o spike_n of_o iron_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o they_o must_v be_v grased_a or_o eat_v down_o beside_o nevertheless_o with_o sheep_n now_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o after_o such_o cattle_n have_v go_v over_o it_o with_o their_o tooth_n the_o same_o corn_n thus_o eat_v down_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v sarcle_v and_o the_o earth_n light_o rake_v and_o raise_v up_o fresh_a again_o howbeit_o in_o bactriana_n africa_n and_o cyrene_n there_o need_v no_o such_o hand_n at_o all_o for_o the_o climate_n be_v so_o good_a so_o kind_a and_o beneficial_a that_o none_o of_o all_o this_o pain_n be_v require_v for_o after_o the_o seed_n be_v once_o sow_v they_o never_o visit_v it_o but_o once_o for_o all_o at_o nine_o month_n end_n at_o what_o time_n they_o return_v to_o cut_v it_o down_o and_o lay_v it_o upon_o their_o thrash_a floor_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o drought_n keep_v down_o all_o weed_n and_o the_o dew_n that_o fall_v by_o
so_o soon_o as_o the_o seed_n be_v in_o the_o ground_n that_o it_o may_v be_v harrow_v in_o with_o the_o corn_n but_o in_o case_n this_o manner_n of_o dung_v be_v neglect_v it_o follow_v then_o before_o that_o you_o do_v harrow_n to_o strew_v the_o short_a small_a dung_n in_o manner_n of_o dust_n gather_v out_o of_o coupes_z mues_n and_o barton_n where_o foul_a be_v feed_v or_o else_o to_o cast_v goat_n treddle_v upon_o the_o land_n as_o if_o you_o will_v sow_v seed_n and_o then_o with_o rake_n and_o harrow_n to_o mingle_v it_o with_o the_o soil_n to_o the_o end_n now_o that_o we_o may_v determine_v full_o as_o touch_v this_o care_n also_o belong_v to_o dung_n every_o sheep_n or_o goat_n and_o such_o small_a cattle_n shall_v by_o right_o yield_v ordinary_o in_o dung_n one_o load_n in_o day_n ten_o day_n and_o every_o head_n of_o big_a beast_n ten_o load_n for_o unless_o this_o proportion_n and_o quantity_n of_o muck_n be_v gather_v plain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o granger_n or_o master_n of_o husbandry_n have_v not_o do_v his_o part_n but_o fail_v in_o litering_a of_o his_o cattle_n some_o hold_n opinion_n that_o the_o best_a way_n of_o muck_v a_o land_n be_v to_o fold_v sheep_n and_o such_o like_a small_a cattle_n thereupon_o even_o in_o the_o broad_a open_a field_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n they_o enclose_v or_o impark_v they_o within_o hurdle_n in_o a_o word_n a_o ground_n not_o dung_v at_o all_o grow_v to_o be_v cold_a and_o again_o if_o it_o be_v overmuch_o dung_v the_o heart_n thereof_o be_v burn_v away_o and_o therefore_o the_o better_a and_o safe_a way_n be_v to_o muck_n by_o little_a at_o once_o and_o often_o rather_o than_o to_o overdo_v it_o at_o once_o the_o hot_a that_o a_o soil_n be_v it_o stand_v by_o good_a reason_n that_o the_o less_o compost_n it_o require_v chap._n xxiiii_o ¶_o of_o good_a seed-corne_n the_o manner_n of_o sow_v ground_n well_o how_o much_o seed_n of_o every_o kind_n of_o grain_n a_o acre_n will_v take_v the_o due_a season_n of_o seednesse_n the_o best_a corn_n or_o zea_n for_o seed_n be_v of_o one_o year_n age_n two_o year_n old_a be_v not_o so_o good_a that_o of_o three_o be_v worst_a of_o all_o for_o beyond_o that_o time_n the_o heart_n be_v dead_a and_o such_o corn_n will_v never_o spurt_v and_o very_o this_o that_o be_v say_v of_o one_o sort_n may_v be_v verify_v of_o all_o kind_n the_o corn_n that_o settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o mowgh_n in_o a_o barn_n towards_o the_o floor_n be_v ever_o to_o be_v reserve_v for_o seed_n and_o that_o must_v needs_o be_v best_a because_o it_o be_v weighty_a for_o therein_o lie_v the_o goodness_n neither_o be_v there_o a_o better_a way_n to_o discern_v and_o distinguish_v good_a corn_n from_o other_o if_o you_o see_v a_o ear_n of_o corn_n have_v grain_n in_o it_o here_o and_o there_o stare_v distant_a asunder_o be_v sure_o the_o corn_n be_v not_o good_a for_o this_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v cast_v aside_o the_o best_a grain_n look_v red_a and_o be_v break_v between_o one_o tooth_n retain_v still_o the_o same_o colour_n within_o the_o worse_a corn_n for_o seed_n be_v that_o which_o show_v more_o of_o the_o white_a flower_n within_o furthermore_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o some_o ground_n take_v more_o seed_n and_o some_o less_o and_o hereby_o very_o do_v husband_n man_n gather_v their_o first_o presage_n religious_o of_o a_o good_a or_o bad_a harvest_n for_o when_o they_o see_v the_o ground_n swallow_v more_o seed_n than_o ordinary_a they_o have_v a_o ceremony_n to_o say_v &_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v hungry_a and_o have_v greedy_o eat_v the_o seed_n when_o a_o man_n be_v to_o sow_v a_o moist_a ground_n good_a reason_n there_o be_v to_o make_v the_o quick_a dispatch_n and_o to_o do_v it_o betimes_o for_o fear_v lest_o rain_n come_v to_o rot_v it_o but_o contrariwise_o in_o dry_a place_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o to_o stay_v the_o late_a and_o attend_v till_o rain_v follow_v lest_o by_o lie_v long_o in_o the_o earth_n and_o not_o conceive_v for_o want_v of_o moisture_n it_o lose_v the_o heart_n &_o turn_n to_o nothing_o semblable_o when_o a_o man_n sow_v early_o he_o must_v bestow_v the_o more_o seed_n and_o sow_v thick_a because_o it_o be_v long_o ere_o it_o swell_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o chit_z but_o if_o he_o be_v late_a in_o his_o seednes_n he_o shall_v cast_v it_o thin_a into_o the_o ground_n for_o thick_o sow_v will_v choke_v and_o kill_v the_o seed_n moreover_o in_o this_o feat_n of_o sow_v there_o be_v a_o pretty_a skill_n and_o cunning_a namely_o to_o carry_v a_o even_a hand_n and_o cast_v the_o seed_n equal_o throughout_o the_o whole_a field_n the_o hand_n in_o any_o case_n of_o the_o seedsman_n must_v agree_v with_o his_o gate_n and_o march_n it_o ought_v always_o to_o go_v just_a with_o his_o right_a foot_n herein_o also_o this_o will_v not_o be_v forget_v that_o one_o be_v more_o fortunate_a and_o have_v a_o more_o lucky_a hand_n than_o another_o and_o the_o seed_n will_v prosper_v better_a and_o yield_v more_o increase_n that_o such_o a_o one_o sow_v a_o hide_a secret_n sure_o in_o nature_n and_o whereof_o we_o can_v yield_v no_o sound_a reason_n over_o and_o beside_o this_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o corn_n come_v from_o a_o cold_a soil_n must_v not_o be_v sow_v in_o a_o hot_a ground_n nor_o that_o which_o grow_v in_o a_o forward_a and_o hasty_a field_n aught_o to_o be_v transfer_v into_o lateward_n land_n howsoever_o some_o there_o be_v that_o have_v give_v rule_n clean_o contrary_a howbeit_o they_o have_v deceive_v themselves_o with_o all_o their_o foolish_a curiosity_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o quantity_n of_o seed_n that_o must_v be_v give_v according_a to_o the_o variety_n both_o of_o ground_n and_o grain_n these_o principle_n follow_v be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o a_o reasonable_a good_a ground_n of_o a_o mean_a temperature_n a_o acre_n in_o ordinary_a proportion_n will_v ask_v of_o common_a wheat_n triticum_fw-la or_o of_o the_o fine_a wheat_n siligo_fw-la 5_o modij_fw-la of_o the_o red_a wheat_n far_o or_o of_o spell_v seed_n for_o so_o we_o call_v a_o kind_n of_o bread_n corn_n ten_o modij_fw-la of_o barley_n six_o of_o bean_n as_o much_o as_o of_o common_a wheat_n and_o a_o five_o part_n or_o one_o modius_n over_o of_o vetch_n 12_o of_o cich_a pease_n the_o great_a cichling_n the_o less_o and_o of_o pease_n three_o of_o lupin_n ten_o of_o lentil_o 3_o as_o for_o these_o folk_n will_v have_v they_o sow_v together_o with_o dry_a dung_n of_o ervile_a six_o of_o silicia_n or_o feni-greek_n six_o of_o phaseol_n or_o kidny_n bean_n four_o of_o dradge_n or_o balimong_v for_o horse_n provender_n 20_o but_o of_o millet_n and_o panic_n 4_o sextar_n howbeit_o herein_o can_v be_v set_v down_o no_o just_a proportion_n for_o the_o soil_n may_v alter_v all_o and_o in_o one_o word_n a_o fat_a ground_n will_v receive_v more_o and_o a_o lean_a less_o beside_o there_o arise_v a_o difference_n another_o way_n in_o this_o manner_n if_o it_o be_v a_o massy_a fast_o chalky_a and_o moist_a ground_n you_o may_v bestow_v in_o one_o acre_n thereof_o six_o modij_fw-la either_o of_o common_a wheat_n or_o of_o fine_a siligo_fw-la but_o in_o case_n it_o be_v loose_a and_o light_n naked_a dry_a and_o yet_o in_o good_a heart_n and_o free_a it_o will_v ask_v but_o four_o for_o the_o lean_a that_o a_o ground_n be_v unless_o it_o be_v sow_v scant_o and_o the_o straw_n come_v up_o also_o thin_a the_o short_a ear_n will_v the_o corn_n have_v and_o the_o same_o light_n in_o the_o head_n and_o nothing_o therein_o be_v the_o ground_n rich_a and_o fat_a you_o shall_v see_v out_o of_o one_o root_n a_o number_n of_o stem_n to_o spring_n so_o that_o although_o the_o grain_n be_v thin_a sow_v yet_o will_v it_o come_v up_o thick_a and_o bear_v a_o fair_a and_o full_a ear_n and_o therefore_o in_o a_o acre_n of_o ground_n you_o shall_v not_o do_v amiss_o to_o keep_v a_o mean_a between_o four_o and_o six_o modij_fw-la have_v respect_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o yet_o some_o there_o be_v who_o will_v have_v of_o wheat_n five_o modij_fw-la sow_v at_o all_o adventure_n and_o neither_o more_o no_o less_o whatsoever_o the_o ground_n be_v to_o conclude_v if_o the_o ground_n be_v set_v with_o tree_n or_o lie_v on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o 〈◊〉_d all_o be_v one_o as_o if_o it_o be_v lean_a hungry_a and_o out_o of_o heart_n and_o hereto_o may_v be_v reduce_v that_o notable_a aphorism_n worthy_a to_o be_v keep_v and_o observe_v as_o a_o divine_a oracle_n take_v not_o too_o much_o of_o a_o land_n wear_v not_o out_o all_o the_o fatness_n but_o leave_v it_o in_o some_o heart_n over_o and_o
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the_o root_n of_o the_o herb_n patience_n or_o garden_n dock_n which_o be_v know_v to_o run_v down_o into_o the_o ground_n three_o cubit_n deep_a in_o the_o wild_a of_o this_o kind_n which_o be_v the_o common_a dock_n the_o root_n be_v small_a yet_o plump_a and_o swell_v whereby_o after_o they_o be_v dig_v up_o and_o lay_v above_o ground_n they_o will_v live_v a_o long_a time_n some_o there_o be_v of_o they_o that_o have_v hairy_a string_n or_o beard_n hang_v to_o the_o root_n as_o namely_o parsley_n or_o ache_n and_o mallow_n other_o there_o be_v again_o which_o have_v branch_a root_n as_o the_o basill_n as_o the_o root_n of_o some_o be_v carnous_a and_o flâ—…ie_a altogether_o and_o namely_o of_o the_o beet_n but_o especial_o of_o saffron_n so_o in_o other_o they_o consist_v of_o rind_n and_o carnositie_n both_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o radish_n and_o rape_n or_o turnip_n and_o you_o shall_v have_v of_o they_o that_o be_v knotty_a and_o full_a of_o joint_n as_o for_o example_n the_o 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shed_v their_o flower_n whereas_o basill_n put_v forth_o flower_n by_o parcel_n one_o after_o another_o begin_v first_o beneath_o and_o so_o go_v upward_o by_o leisure_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o of_o all_o other_o it_o be_v long_a in_o the_o flower_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o herb_n heliotropium_fw-la i._o rud_n or_o turnsol_n in_o some_o the_o flower_n be_v white_a in_o other_o yellow_a and_o in_o other_o purple_a as_o touch_v the_o leaf_n of_o herb_n some_o be_v apt_a to_o fall_v from_o their_o head_n or_o top_n as_o in_o origan_n and_o elecampane_n yea_o and_o otherwhiles_o in_o rue_n if_o some_o injury_n be_v do_v unto_o it_o of_o all_o other_o herb_n the_o blade_n of_o onion_n and_o gethyâ—…m_n chibbol_n be_v most_o hollow_a where_o by_o
scurf_n in_o the_o face_n and_o to_o scour_v away_o other_o spot_n and_o pimple_n arise_v upon_o the_o skin_n gentian_n and_o nymphaea_n call_v heraclea_n the_o root_n also_o of_o cyclamin_n rid_v all_o such_o cutanean_a speck_n and_o blemish_n the_o grain_n of_o wild_a caraway_n call_v cacalia_n incorporate_v in_o wax_n melt_v and_o make_v liquid_a lay_v the_o skin_n of_o the_o face_n plain_a and_o even_o and_o smooth_a all_o wrinkle_n the_o root_n of_o acorum_fw-la serve_v likewise_o to_o purify_v the_o skin_n from_o all_o outward_a deformity_n herb_n willow_n give_v the_o hair_n of_o the_o head_n a_o yellow_a colour_n hypericon_n which_o also_o be_v name_v corion_fw-la die_v it_o black_a likewise_o do_v ophrys_n a_o herb_n grow_v with_o two_o leaf_n and_o no_o more_o like_a unto_o jagged_a beet_n or_o colewoort_n also_o polemonia_n set_v a_o black_a colour_n upon_o hair_n if_o it_o be_v boil_v in_o oil_n as_o for_o depilatorie_a medicine_n which_o be_v to_o take_v away_o the_o hair_n from_o any_o part_n the_o proper_a place_n to_o treat_v of_o they_o be_v indeed_o among_o those_o that_o pertain_v especial_o to_o woman_n but_o now_o adays_o man_n also_o be_v come_v to_o it_o and_o use_v such_o device_n as_o well_o as_o woman_n the_o most_o effectual_a of_o all_o other_o be_v they_o accept_v that_o be_v make_v of_o the_o herb_n archezostis_fw-la the_o juice_n of_o tithymall_a be_v likewise_o very_o good_a to_o fetch_v off_o hair_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v some_o who_o pluck_v they_o out_o first_o with_o pinser_n and_o then_o with_o the_o say_a juice_n incorporat_a with_o oil_n rub_v the_o place_n often_o in_o the_o hot_a sun_n final_o hyssop_n temper_v with_o oil_n into_o a_o lineament_n be_v excellent_a to_o heal_v the_o mange_n or_o scab_n in_o fourfooted_a beast_n and_o sideritis_fw-la have_v a_o peculiar_a virtue_n for_o to_o cure_v swine_n of_o their_o squinsy_n or_o strangle_v now_o be_v it_o time_n to_o pursue_v all_o other_o kind_n of_o herb_n which_o remain_v behind_o the_o twenty_o seven_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o nature_n write_v by_o c._n plinius_n secundus_fw-la the_o proem_n chap._n i._n certes_o the_o far_a that_o i_o proceed_v in_o this_o discourse_n &_o history_n of_o i_o the_o more_o be_o i_o force_v to_o admire_v our_o forefather_n and_o man_n of_o old_a time_n for_o consider_v as_o i_o do_v what_o a_o number_n of_o simple_n there_o yet_o remain_v behind_o to_o be_v write_v of_o i_o can_v sufficient_o adore_v either_o their_o careful_a industry_n in_o search_v and_o find_v they_o out_o or_o their_o liberal_a bounty_n in_o impart_v they_o so_o friendly_a to_o posterity_n and_o very_o if_o this_o knowledge_n of_o herb_n have_v proceed_v from_o man_n invention_n doubtless_o i_o must_v needs_o have_v think_v that_o the_o munificence_n of_o those_o our_o ancestor_n have_v surpass_v the_o goodness_n of_o nature_n herself_o but_o now_o apparent_a and_o well_o know_v it_o be_v that_o the_o god_n be_v author_n of_o that_o skill_n and_o cunning_a or_o at_o leastwise_o there_o be_v some_o divinity_n and_o heavenly_a instinct_n therein_o even_o when_o it_o seem_v to_o come_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o head_n of_o man_n and_o to_o say_v a_o truth_n confess_v we_o must_v that_o nature_n the_o mother_n and_o nurse_n of_o all_o thing_n both_o in_o bring_v forth_o those_o simple_n and_o also_o in_o reveal_v they_o with_o their_o virtue_n to_o mankind_n have_v show_v her_o admirable_a power_n as_o much_o as_o in_o any_o other_o work_n of_o she_o whatsoever_o the_o herb_n scythica_n be_v bring_v hither_o at_o this_o day_n out_o of_o the_o great_a fen_n &_o meer_v of_o moeotis_n where_o it_o grow_v euphorbia_n come_v from_o the_o mountain_n atlas_n far_o beyond_o hercules_n pillar_n &_o the_o strait_n of_o gibraltar_n and_o those_o be_v the_o very_a utmost_a bound_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o another_o coast_n also_o the_o herb_n britannica_fw-la we_o have_v transport_v unto_o we_o out_o of_o britain_n and_o the_o island_n lie_v without_o the_o continent_n and_o divide_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n like_v as_o aethiopis_n out_o as_o far_o as_o aethyopia_n a_o climate_n direct_o under_o the_o sun_n and_o burn_v with_o continual_a heat_n thereof_o beside_o other_o plant_n and_o drug_n necessary_a for_o the_o life_n and_o health_n of_o man_n for_o which_o merchant_n pass_v from_o all_o part_n too_o and_o fro_o and_o by_o reciprocal_a commerce_n impart_v they_o to_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o all_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o that_o happy_a peace_n which_o through_o the_o infinite_a majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o earth_n enjoy_v in_o such_o sort_n as_o not_o only_a people_n of_o sundry_a land_n and_o nation_n have_v recourse_n oneunto_o another_o in_o their_o traffic_n &_o mutual_a trade_n but_o high_a mountain_n also_o &_o the_o cliff_n surpass_v the_o very_a cloud_n meet_v as_o it_o be_v together_o &_o have_v mean_n to_o communicate_v the_o commodity_n even_o the_o very_a herb_n which_o they_o yield_v one_o to_o the_o benefit_n of_o another_o long_o may_v this_o blessing_n hold_v i_o pray_v the_o god_n yea_o and_o continue_v world_n without_o end_n for_o sure_o it_o be_v their_o heavenly_a gift_n that_o the_o roman_n as_o a_o second_o sun_n shall_v give_v light_a and_o shine_v to_o the_o whole_a world_n chap._n ii_o ¶_o of_o the_o poison_n aconite_n and_o the_o panther_n which_o be_v kill_v thereby_o aconite_n alone_a if_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o be_v sufficient_a to_o induce_v any_o man_n to_o a_o endless_a admiration_n and_o reverence_n of_o that_o infinite_a care_n and_o diligence_n which_o our_o ancients_n employ_v in_o search_v out_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n consider_v how_o by_o their_o mean_n we_o know_v there_o be_v no_o poison_n in_o the_o world_n so_o quick_a in_o operation_n as_o it_o insomuch_o as_o if_o the_o shap_n or_o nature_n of_o any_o live_a creature_n of_o female_a sex_n be_v but_o touch_v therewith_o it_o will_v not_o live_v after_o it_o one_o day_n to_o a_o end_n this_o be_v that_o poison_n wherewith_o calphurnius_fw-la bestia_fw-la kill_v two_o of_o his_o wife_n lie_v asleep_o by_o his_o side_n as_o appear_z by_o that_o challenge_n and_o declaration_n which_o m._n caecilius_n his_o accuser_n frame_v against_o he_o and_o hereupon_o it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o accusatory_a invective_n he_o conclude_v with_o this_o bitter_a speech_n that_o his_o wife_n die_v upon_o his_o finger_n the_o poet_n have_v feign_a a_o tale_n that_o this_o herb_n shall_v be_v engender_v first_o of_o the_o foam_n that_o the_o dog_n cerberus_n let_v fall_v upon_o the_o ground_n froth_v so_o as_o he_o do_v at_o the_o mouth_n for_o anger_v when_o hercules_n pluck_v he_o out_o of_o hell_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v forsooth_o that_o about_o heraclea_n in_o pontus_n where_o be_v to_o be_v see_v that_o hole_n which_o lead_v into_o hell_n there_o grow_v aconit_a in_o great_a plenty_n howbeit_o as_o deadly_a a_o bane_n as_o it_o be_v our_o forefather_n have_v devise_v mean_n to_o use_v it_o for_o good_a and_o even_o to_o save_v the_o life_n of_o man_n find_v they_o have_v by_o experience_n that_o be_v give_v in_o hot_a wine_n it_o be_v a_o counterpoison_v against_o the_o sting_n of_o scorpion_n for_o of_o this_o nature_n it_o be_v that_o if_o it_o meet_v not_o with_o some_o poison_n or_o other_o in_o man_n body_n for_o to_o kill_v it_o present_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o soon_o bring_v they_o to_o their_o end_n but_o if_o it_o encounter_v any_o such_o it_o wrestle_v with_o it_o alone_o as_o have_v find_v within_o a_o fit_a match_n to_o deal_v with_o neither_o enter_v it_o into_o this_o fight_n unless_o it_o find_v this_o enemy_n possess_v already_o of_o some_o noble_a and_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o then_o begin_v the_o combat_n a_o wonderful_a thing_n to_o observe_v that_o two_o poison_n both_o of_o they_o deadly_a of_o themselves_o and_o their_o own_o nature_n shall_v die_v one_o upon_o another_o within_o the_o body_n and_o the_o man_n by_o that_o mean_a only_a escape_n with_o life_n our_o ancestor_n in_o time_n past_o stay_a not_o thus_o but_o find_v out_o and_o deliver_v unto_o we_o proper_a remedy_n also_o for_o wild_a beast_n and_o not_o so_o content_v have_v show_v mean_n how_o those_o creature_n shall_v be_v heal_v which_o be_v venomous_a to_o other_o for_o who_o know_v not_o that_o scorpion_n if_o they_o be_v but_o touch_v with_o aconite_n present_o become_v pale_a benumb_a astonish_a and_o bind_v confess_v as_o it_o be_v themselves_o to_o be_v vanquish_v and_o prisoner_n contrariwise_o let_v they_o but_o touch_v the_o white_a ellebore_n they_o be_v unbound_v and_o at_o liberty_n again_o they_o recover_v i_o say_v their_o former_a vigour_n and_o virtue_n whereby_o we_o may_v see_v that_o
keep_v in_o salt_n give_v in_o wine_n to_o drink_v do_v stir_n and_o provoke_v the_o appetite_n unto_o venery_n moreover_o to_o feed_v upon_o the_o fish_n call_v erythrines_n ordinary_o at_o the_o table_n to_o hang_v about_o the_o neck_n the_o liver_n of_o the_o frog_n call_v diopetes_n or_o calamita_n within_o a_o little_a piece_n of_o a_o crane_n skin_n or_o the_o jaw_n tooth_n of_o a_o crocodile_n fasten_v to_o any_o arm_n either_o else_o the_o sea-horse_n or_o the_o sinew_n of_o a_o toad_n bind_v to_o the_o right_a arm_n incite_v great_o to_o wantonness_n and_o lechery_n put_v a_o toad_n within_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o sheep_n skin_n new_o flay_v and_o let_v one_o wear_v it_o tie_v fast_o about_o he_o he_o shall_v forget_v all_o love_n and_o amity_n for_o ever_o the_o broth_n of_o frog_n boil_v in_o water_n do_v extenuat_fw-la the_o scurvy_a thick_a roof_n in_o the_o farcin_n or_o mange_n of_o horse_n and_o make_v way_n that_o they_o may_v be_v bathe_v and_o anoint_v and_o very_o it_o be_v credible_o affirm_v that_o if_o they_o be_v cure_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o scab_n will_v never_o return_v again_o the_o expert_a midwife_n salpe_n affirm_v for_o certain_a that_o dog_n will_v not_o bark_v if_o there_o be_v give_v unto_o they_o in_o a_o morsel_n of_o bread_n or_o gobbet_n of_o flesh_n a_o live_a frog_n in_o this_o discourse_n of_o water_n and_o the_o thing_n concern_v it_o somewhat_o aught_o to_o be_v say_v as_o touch_v calamochnus_n which_o otherwise_o in_o latin_a be_v name_v adarca_n it_o grow_v about_o small_a cane_n or_o reed_n and_o be_v engender_v of_o the_o froth_n of_o sea_n water_n and_o fresh_a water_n together_o where_o they_o both_o meet_v and_o be_v intermingle_v a_o causticke_a quality_n it_o have_v in_o regard_n whereof_o it_o enter_v into_o the_o composition_n call_v acopa_n which_o serve_v for_o lassitude_n and_o those_o that_o be_v benumb_v with_o cold_a it_o be_v employ_v also_o in_o take_v away_o the_o pimple_n or_o spot_n in_o woman_n face_n like_v to_o lentil_o as_o for_o reed_n and_o cane_n this_o be_v their_o very_a proper_a place_n also_o wherein_o they_o shall_v be_v treat_v of_o and_o to_o begin_v with_o that_o reed_n or_o cane_n call_v phragmitis_n which_o be_v so_o good_a for_o mound_n &_o hedge_n the_o root_n thereof_o green_a gather_v and_o pun_v be_v singular_a for_o dislocation_n and_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o backebone_n if_o the_o place_n affect_v be_v anoint_v with_o it_o incorporat_a in_o vinegar_n but_o the_o rind_n of_o the_o cyprian_a cane_n which_o also_o be_v name_v donax_n burn_v into_o ash_n be_v singular_a for_o to_o recover_v hair_n again_o where_o it_o be_v shed_v by_o occasion_n of_o sickness_n and_o to_o heal_v old_a ulcer_n the_o leave_v also_o serve_v very_o well_o to_o draw_v forth_o any_o spill_v prick_n or_o arrow_n head_n that_o stick_v within_o the_o flesh_n yea_o and_o to_o extinguish_v s._n anthony_n fire_n as_o for_o the_o flower_n or_o down_o of_o their_o catkin_n if_o it_o chance_v to_o enter_v into_o the_o ear_n it_o cause_v deafness_n the_o black_a liquor_n resemble_v ink_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o cuttlefish_n be_v of_o that_o force_n that_o if_o it_o be_v put_v to_o the_o oil_n of_o a_o lamp_n burn_v anaxilaus_n say_v it_o will_v drown_v and_o put_v out_o the_o former_a clear_a light_n and_o make_v all_o those_o in_o the_o room_n to_o look_v like_o blackamoor_n or_o aethiopian_n the_o hedge_n frog_n otherwise_o call_v a_o toad_n boil_v in_o water_n and_o give_v to_o swine_n among_o other_o draff_n to_o drink_v cure_v all_o their_o disease_n and_o of_o the_o same_o effect_n be_v the_o ash_n of_o any_o other_o frog_n beside_o rub_v a_o piece_n of_o wood_n with_o the_o fish_n call_v pulmo_fw-la marinus_n it_o will_v seem_v as_o though_o it_o be_v on_o a_o light_a fire_n in_o so_o much_o as_o a_o staff_n so_o rub_v or_o besmear_v with_o it_o may_v serve_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o torch_n to_o give_v light_n before_o one_o chap._n xi_o ¶_o that_o there_o be_v of_o fish_n and_o other_o creature_n live_v in_o the_o sea_n one_o hundred_o seventie_o and_o six_o several_a and_o distinct_a kind_n have_v thus_o treat_v before_o sufficient_o of_o the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o fish_n and_o such_o creature_n as_o the_o water_n do_v yield_v it_o remain_v now_o for_o a_o final_a conclusion_n to_o present_v under_o one_o view_n all_o those_o fish_n name_v by_o name_n which_o be_v engender_v and_o nourish_v not_o only_o in_o those_o mediterranean_a and_o inland_n arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o for_o many_o a_o mile_n take_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o continent_n and_o firm_a land_n but_o also_o in_o that_o vast_a and_o wide_a ocean_n without_o the_o main_a bound_v as_o it_o be_v limit_v only_o by_o the_o compass_n and_o circumference_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o those_o namely_o as_o many_o as_o be_v know_v may_v be_v reduce_v all_o into_o 176_o kind_n a_o thing_n which_o can_v be_v do_v either_o in_o the_o beast_n of_o the_o land_n or_o fowl_n of_o the_o air_n for_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a to_o decipher_v &_o particularize_v the_o wild_a beast_n and_o fowl_n of_o india_n &_o aethyopia_n of_o the_o desert_n and_o of_o scythia_n which_o we_o be_v not_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o see_v we_o have_v find_v so_o many_o different_a sort_n in_o man_n of_o who_o we_o have_v some_o notice_n and_o intelligence_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o ta_o probane_n and_o other_o island_n lie_v within_o the_o ocean_n whereof_o so_o many_o fabulous_a report_n be_v deliver_v certes_o there_o be_v no_o man_n but_o he_o must_v needs_o confess_v and_o agree_v to_o this_o that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a in_o this_o history_n of_o nature_n to_o comprise_v all_o sort_n of_o creature_n which_o the_o earth_n &_o air_n do_v yield_v howbeit_o those_o that_o be_v breed_v in_o the_o ocean_n as_o huge_a and_o vast_a as_o it_o be_v may_v be_v comprehend_v under_o a_o certain_a number_n a_o wonderful_a matter_n that_o we_o shall_v be_v better_o acquaint_v with_o those_o consider_v how_o nature_n have_v plunge_v and_o hide_v they_o in_o the_o deep_a gulf_n of_o the_o main_a sea_n to_o begin_v then_o with_o the_o great_a monster_n and_o beast_n that_o this_o unruly_a element_n of_o the_o water_n do_v breed_v we_o find_v therein_o the_o sea-tree_n whirlpool_n great_a whale_n priest_n triton_n i._n sea_n trumpeter_n nereid_n i._o meremaid_n elephant_n sea_n man_n and_o woman_n wheel_n sea_n tun_n or_o pipe_n arietes_n ram_n and_o small_a whale_n accompany_v the_o big_a beside_o other_o call_v ram_n that_o resemble_v the_o ordinary_a shape_n of_o fish_n dolphin_n and_o the_o sea_n calf_n or_o seal_n whereof_o the_o poet_n homer_n write_v so_o much_o furthermore_o the_o sea_n tortoise_n which_o serve_v for_o marquetage_n roiot_n wantonness_n and_o excess_n the_o bever_n which_o be_v so_o much_o in_o request_n among_o castoreum_n physician_n as_o for_o the_o otter_n albeit_o a_o kind_n of_o bever_n they_o be_v yet_o because_o i_o never_o hear_v that_o they_o come_v into_o the_o salt_n water_n i_o make_v no_o great_a reckon_n of_o they_o for_o my_o purpose_n be_v to_o rehearse_v those_o only_o which_o inhabit_v or_o haunt_v the_o sea_n moreover_o the_o sea_n dog_n the_o currior_n post_n or_o lackey_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o horn_a fish_n the_o swordfish_n or_o emperor_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o sawfish_n over_o and_o beside_o those_o which_o live_v indifferent_o in_o the_o sea_n the_o land_n &_o the_o river_n to_o wit_n the_o water_n horse_n and_o the_o crocodile_n other_o again_o that_o ordinary_o keep_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o yet_o come_v up_o into_o the_o river_n but_o never_o land_n to_o wit_n the_o tunies_n as_o well_o the_o grow_v thunny_n as_o the_o young_a sort_n spawner_n thunnides_n or_o pelamides_n the_o siluri_n the_o black_a coracini_n and_o perch_n as_o touch_v those_o that_o never_o come_v forth_o of_o the_o sea_n the_o â—…ensar_n sturgeon_n the_o guilthead_n the_o cod_n the_o acarne_n aphya_n alopecias_n the_o yeel_n and_o eremite_n araneus_fw-la the_o billow_a fish_n box_n batis_n banchus_n mer._n barrachus_fw-la and_o belone_n with_o all_o the_o kind_n of_o those_o which_o we_o call_v needle_n fish_n and_o also_o balanus_n the_o sea_n raven_n corvus_n and_o â—…bot_n cytharus_fw-la all_o the_o sort_n of_o the_o chrombi_n the_o carpe_n chalcis_n and_o gougeon_n cobio_n callarius_fw-la of_o the_o cod_n kind_n but_o that_o it_o be_v less_o colias_n whether_o it_o be_v parianus_n of_o parium_n the_o colony_n or_o sexitanus_fw-la so_o call_v of_o a_o city_n in_o granado_n or_o baetica_n a_o fish_n read_v resemble_v lizard_n of_o which_o and_o of_o the_o young_a tunie_n pelamis_n both_o breed_v in_o moeotis_n be_v chap_v and_o cut_v into_o piece_n
roset_n the_o rest_n be_v sad_a or_o duskish_a and_o as_o well_o the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o be_v all_o either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a among_o the_o natural_a of_o this_o sort_n to_o wit_n the_o sad_a colour_n i_o reckon_v the_o sincpis_fw-la common_a bowl_n armin_n rubrica_fw-la ruddel_n or_o red_a stone_n plastre_n paretonium_n chalk_n melinum_n white_a eretria_n and_o auripigmentum_fw-la orpin_n the_o rest_n of_o these_o kind_n be_v artificial_a &_o principal_o those_o which_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o treatise_n of_o mine_n moreover_o of_o the_o base_a sort_n be_v ochre_n and_o ruddel_n burn_a ceruse_n or_o spanish_a white_a sandix_n mineral_n and_o scyricum_n sandaracha_n vitriol_n or_o black_n as_o for_o sinopis_n or_o common_a bowl_n armin_n find_v out_o first_o it_o be_v at_o sinope_n a_o maritine_a town_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o pontus_n whereof_o it_o take_v that_o name_n it_o grow_v also_o in_o egypt_n the_o baleare_a island_n and_o africa_n but_o the_o best_a be_v find_v in_o the_o isle_n lemnos_n and_o in_o cappadocia_n dig_v out_o of_o certain_a cave_n and_o hole_n that_o which_o stick_v fast_o unto_o the_o rock_n excel_v all_o the_o rest_n the_o piece_n of_o this_o earth_n if_o a_o man_n do_v break_v show_v the_o own_o natural_a colour_n which_o be_v not_o mix_v without-forth_a they_o be_v spot_v and_o this_o earth_n in_o old_a time_n be_v use_v for_o to_o give_v a_o lustre_n unto_o other_o colour_n of_o this_o sinopis_n or_o bole_n armin_n common_a there_o be_v three_o kind_n the_o deep_a red_a the_o pale_a or_o weak_a red_n and_o the_o mean_a between_o both_o the_o best_a sinopis_n be_v esteem_v worth_n kind_n thirteen_o denarij_fw-la roman_n by_o the_o pound_n this_o may_v serve_v the_o painter_n pencil_n yea_o or_o in_o grosser_n work_n if_o a_o man_n list_v to_o colour_v post_n beam_n or_o wood_n as_o for_o that_o which_o come_v out_o of_o africa_n it_o be_v worth_a eight_o ass_n every_o pound_n and_o this_o they_o call_v cicirculum_fw-la that_o which_o be_v red_a than_o the_o rest_n serve_v better_a for_o paint_v of_o tablement_n as_o for_o that_o which_o be_v most_o brown_a and_o duskish_a call_v in_o latin_a pressior_fw-la it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o price_n that_o the_o other_o and_o employ_v in_o the_o base_n and_o foot_n of_o such_o tablement_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o use_n in_o paint_v touch_v physic_n and_o the_o medicinable_a property_n thereof_o mild_a it_o be_v of_o nature_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n of_o gentle_a operation_n whether_o it_o enter_v into_o hard_a emplaistre_n of_o a_o dry_a composition_n or_o into_o immolitive_a plaster_n that_o be_v more_o liquid_a and_o principal_o such_o as_o be_v devise_v for_o ulcer_n in_o any_o moist_a part_n as_o the_o mouth_n or_o fundament_n this_o earth_n if_o it_o be_v inject_v by_o a_o clistre_fw-mi stop_v a_o lask_z and_o be_v give_v to_o woman_n in_o drink_n to_o the_o weight_n of_o one_o denarius_fw-la i_o a_o dram_n it_o stay_v their_o immoderate_a flux_n of_o the_o matrice_n the_o same_o burn_a or_o calcine_v dry_v up_o the_o fret_a roughness_n of_o the_o eye_n principal_o if_o it_o be_v apply_v with_o vinegar_n this_o kind_n of_o red_a earth_n some_o will_v have_v to_o be_v count_v in_o a_o second_o degree_n of_o rubrica_fw-la for_o goodness_n for_o they_o always_o reckon_v that_o of_o leâ—…nos_n to_o be_v the_o chief_a &_o simple_o best_o as_o come_v next_o in_o price_n to_o minium_n i._n vermilion_n and_o in_o truth_n this_o terra_fw-la sigillata_fw-la or_o lemnia_n be_v high_o account_v of_o in_o old_a time_n like_v as_o the_o island_n lemnos_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v neither_o be_v it_o lawful_a to_o sell_v any_o of_o it_o before_o it_o be_v galen_n mark_v or_o seal_v &_o thereupon_o they_o use_v to_o call_v it_o sphragis_n the_o painter_n ordinary_o lay_v a_o ground_n of_o this_o under_o their_o vermilion_n and_o sophisticate_a it_o many_o way_n in_o physic_n it_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o sovereign_a thing_n for_o if_o the_o eye_n be_v anoint_v round_o about_o therewith_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o lineament_n it_o repress_v the_o flux_n of_o rheumatic_a humour_n and_o do_v mitigat_n the_o pain_n incident_a to_o they_o the_o fistulous_a sore_n likewise_o about_o the_o angle_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o eye_n it_o dry_v up_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o run_v as_o they_o use_v to_o do_v inward_o also_o it_o be_v common_o give_v in_o vinegar_n to_o such_o as_o cast_v up_o blood_n at_o the_o mouth_n it_o be_v take_v also_o in_o drink_n for_o the_o oppilation_n and_o other_o accident_n as_o well_o of_o the_o spleen_n as_o kidney_n and_o beside_o to_o stop_v the_o excessive_a flux_n that_o be_v incident_a to_o woman_n singular_a it_o be_v against_o any_o poison_n or_o venomous_a sting_n of_o serpent_n either_o upon_o land_n or_o sea_n and_o therefore_o be_v a_o familiar_a ingredient_n into_o all_o antidote_n or_o counterpoison_n of_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o red_a earth_n the_o ruddle_n of_o egypt_n and_o africa_n be_v fit_a for_o carpenter_n for_o if_o they_o strike_v their_o line_n upon_o timber_n with_o it_o they_o shall_v be_v sure_a that_o it_o will_v take_v colour_n and_o be_v mark_v very_o well_o moreover_o another_o sort_n there_o be_v of_o this_o red_a earth_n mineral_n find_v with_o iron_n over_o and_o the_o same_o be_v good_a also_o for_o painter_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o ruddle_n also_o make_v theophrast_n of_o ochre_n burn_v and_o calcine_v in_o new_a earthen_a pot_n well_o lute_v all_o over_o and_o the_o great_a fire_n that_o it_o meet_v withal_o in_o the_o furnace_n the_o better_a it_o be_v in_o general_n any_o ruddle_n whatsoever_o be_v exiccative_a in_o which_o regard_n it_o agree_v well_o with_o salve_n and_o heal_a plaster_n and_o be_v very_o proper_a for_o to_o repress_v shingles_n &_o such_o cutanean_a wildfire_n that_o will_v stand_v in_o drop_n take_v of_o sinopis_n or_o bolearmin_n common_a that_o come_v out_o of_o pontus_n libâ—…_n half_a a_o pound_n of_o bright_a silius_n or_o ochre_n 10_o pound_n of_o the_o greek_a white_a earth_n melinum_n 2_o pound_n pun_v they_o all_o together_o and_o mix_v they_o well_o so_o as_o they_o may_v ferment_n 12_o day_n together_o and_o hereof_o be_v make_v leucophorum_fw-la i._o a_o kind_n of_o gum_n or_o size_n to_o lay_v under_o goldfoile_n for_o to_o guild_v timber_n touch_v the_o white_a earth_n paraetonium_n it_o carry_v the_o name_n of_o a_o place_n in_o egypt_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v and_o many_o say_v that_o it_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o some_o of_o the_o sea_n incorporat_a and_o harden_v together_o with_o the_o slime_n &_o mud_n of_o the_o shore_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v winkle_n and_o such_o shell-fish_n find_v therewith_o it_o be_v engender_v also_o in_o the_o isle_n candy_n and_o the_o country_n of_o cyrenae_n at_o rome_n they_o have_v a_o devise_n to_o sophisticat_v it_o namely_o by_o boil_a fuller_n earth_n until_o it_o be_v of_o a_o fast_a &_o massy_a consistence_n the_o price_n of_o the_o best_a be_v after_o 6_o denier_n the_o pound_n of_o all_o white_a colour_n it_o be_v the_o fat_a and_o for_o that_o it_o run_v out_o smooth_a in_o the_o work_n it_o be_v the_o fast_o parget_n to_o overcast_v wall_n withal_o as_o for_o the_o earth_n melinum_n white_a it_o be_v likewise_o but_o the_o best_a be_v that_o which_o the_o isle_n melos_n do_v yield_v whereupon_o it_o take_v that_o name_n in_o samos_n also_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v but_o painter_n use_v it_o not_o because_o it_o be_v over_o clammy_a and_o unctuous_a the_o islander_n be_v wont_a to_o creep_v on_o all_o four_o and_o to_o lie_v along_o at_o their_o work_n when_o they_o dig_v it_o forth_o of_o the_o rock_n for_o search_v it_o they_o must_v among_o the_o vein_n that_o run_v therein_o the_o same_o blood_n operation_n it_o have_v in_o physic_n that_o the_o earth_n eretria_n also_o if_o a_o man_n touch_v it_o with_o the_o tongue_n he_o shall_v find_v it_o a_o stringent_a and_o dry_a howbeit_o a_o depilatory_a it_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n and_o fetch_v away_o hair_n or_o else_o cause_v it_o to_o grow_v thin_a a_o pound_n of_o it_o be_v worth_a a_o sesterce_n there_o be_v of_o white_a colour_n a_o three_o kind_n and_o that_o be_v cerussa_fw-la or_o white_a lead_n the_o reason_n &_o make_v whereof_o i_o have_v show_v in_o my_o discourse_n of_o mineral_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v find_v of_o it_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o very_a earth_n by_o itself_o at_o smyrna_n within_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o one_o theodotus_n wherewith_o in_o old_a time_n they_o use_v to_o colour_n and_o paint_v ship_n but_o in_o these_o day_n we_o have_v no_o other_o ceruse_n or_o spanish_a white_a but_o that_o which_o be_v artificial_a make_v of_o lead_n &_o
at_o rome_n for_o his_o own_o usâ—…_n pillar_n of_o marble_n bring_v from_o foreign_a land_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v allege_v for_o excuse_v of_o this_o toleration_n in_o scaurus_n that_o he_o take_v the_o vantage_n and_o spy_v his_o time_n when_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n be_v not_o ware_n of_o any_o such_o matter_n towards_o as_o have_v not_o be_v acquaint_v beforetime_o with_o the_o like_a and_o therefore_o he_o stale_a upon_o they_o with_o these_o superfluous_a pomp_n as_o doubt_v nothing_o less_o than_o such_o new_a device_n and_o therefore_o have_v no_o time_n to_o prevent_v and_o stay_v they_o for_o long_o before_o this_o l._n crassus_n that_o great_a orator_n who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o enrich_v his_o house_n within_o the_o same_o palatium_n with_o pillar_n of_o outlandish_a marble_n although_o they_o be_v but_o of_o the_o quarry_n in_o hymettus_n hill_n and_o neither_o more_o in_o number_n than_o six_o nor_o carry_v in_o length_n above_o 12_o foot_n apiece_o be_v reprove_v and_o reproach_v for_o this_o pride_n and_o vanity_n by_o m._n brutus_n who_o among_o other_o hot_a word_n and_o bite_a term_n that_o pass_v interchangeable_o between_o they_o taunt_v he_o by_o the_o name_n of_o venus_n palatina_n certes_o consider_v how_o all_o good_a order_n and_o custom_n otherwise_o be_v tread_v under_o foot_n wear_v to_o presume_v thus_o of_o our_o predecessor_n that_o when_o they_o see_v other_o injunction_n and_o prohibition_n as_o touch_v diverse_a abuse_n creep_v in_o take_v no_o effect_n but_o daily_o break_v they_o think_v it_o better_a policy_n to_o make_v no_o law_n at_o all_o for_o restraint_n of_o such_o column_n than_o to_o have_v they_o infringe_v or_o at_o leastwise_o not_o observe_v when_o they_o be_v make_v yet_o be_v we_o in_o these_o day_n in_o better_a order_n than_o so_o and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o age_n and_o generation_n follow_v will_v justify_v and_o approve_v of_o we_o in_o comparison_n of_o they_o for_o where_o be_v there_o one_o in_o rome_n at_o this_o day_n who_o have_v in_o the_o portaile_v or_o entry_n of_o his_o house_n any_o column_n that_o for_o bigness_n and_o pride_n come_v near_o to_o those_o of_o scaurus_n but_o before_o that_o i_o enter_v far_o into_o this_o discourse_n of_o marble_n and_o other_o rich_a stone_n it_o shall_v be_v good_a to_o speak_v somewhat_o of_o the_o man_n that_o have_v excel_v in_o the_o cut_n thereof_o and_o who_o workmanship_n have_v carry_v the_o great_a price_n first_o therefore_o i_o will_v go_v through_o with_o the_o artificer_n themselves_o chap._n four_o ¶_o the_o first_o imageurs_n that_o be_v in_o name_n for_o cut_v in_o marble_n and_o in_o what_o age_n they_o flourish_v the_o first_o that_o we_o read_v renown_v for_o grave_v and_o carve_v in_o marble_n be_v dipoenus_n and_o scyllis_n both_o candiot_n bear_v who_o during_o the_o empire_n and_o monarchy_n of_o the_o mede_n and_o before_o that_o cyrus_n begin_v his_o reign_n in_o persia_n live_v in_o great_a fame_n and_o that_o be_v in_o the_o fifty_o olympias_n or_o thereabouts_o these_o man_n go_v together_o unto_o sicyone_n a_o city_n which_o i_o may_v true_o say_v be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n the_o very_a native_a country_n that_o bring_v forth_o the_o excellent_a workman_n in_o all_o kind_n of_o metal_n and_o mineral_n it_o fortune_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o magistrate_n of_o sicyone_n have_v bargain_v with_o they_o for_o certain_a image_n of_o the_o god_n to_o be_v make_v at_o the_o public_a charge_n of_o the_o city_n but_o these_o artificer_n who_o have_v undertake_v the_o thing_n agrive_v at_o some_o wrong_n offer_v to_o they_o depart_v in_o aetolia_n before_o they_o have_v finish_v the_o say_v image_n and_o so_o leave_v they_o unperfect_a present_o upon_o this_o there_o ensue_v a_o great_a famine_n among_o the_o sicyonian_o by_o occasion_n that_o the_o earth_n fail_v to_o yield_v increase_n the_o citizen_n therefore_o full_a of_o sorrow_n and_o heaviness_n fear_v utter_a desolation_n have_v recourse_n to_o the_o oracle_n of_o apollo_n pythius_n to_o know_v what_o remedy_n for_o this_o calamity_n and_o this_o answer_n be_v deliver_v unto_o they_o from_o the_o say_a god_n that_o according_a to_o their_o petition_n they_o shall_v find_v mean_n for_o to_o be_v ease_v of_o this_o plague_n in_o case_n dipoenus_n and_o scyllis_n have_v once_o finish_v the_o image_n of_o the_o god_n which_o they_o begin_v and_o this_o be_v perform_v according_o but_o with_o much_o difficulty_n for_o they_o be_v fain_o to_o pay_v whatsoever_o they_o will_v demand_v they_o be_v glad_a also_o to_o pray_v unto_o they_o with_o cap_n in_o hand_n and_o what_o image_n may_v these_o be_v even_o apollo_n diana_n hercules_n and_o minerva_n and_o this_o last_o name_v be_v afterward_o smite_v and_o blast_v with_o fire_n from_o heaven_n chap._n v._n ¶_o of_o singular_a piece_n of_o work_n and_o excellent_a artificer_n in_o cut_v and_o grave_v marble_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 126._o of_o the_o white_a marble_n of_o paros_n and_o of_o the_o stately_a sepulchre_n call_v mausoleum_n long_a time_n before_o dipoenus_n and_o scyllis_n there_o have_v be_v in_o the_o island_n chios_n one_o melas_n a_o cutter_n and_o grave_a in_o marble_n after_o who_o his_o son_n micciades_n succeed_v and_o he_o likewise_o leave_v a_o son_n behind_o he_o name_v anthermus_n of_o the_o say_a isle_n a_o cunning_a workman_n who_o two_o son_n bupalus_n and_o anthermus_n prove_v also_o most_o skilful_a imageurs_fw-fr these_o flourish_v in_o the_o day_n of_o hipponax_n the_o poet_n who_o as_o it_o be_v well_o know_v live_v in_o the_o 60_o olympias_n now_o if_o a_o man_n will_v calculate_v the_o time_n according_a to_o the_o genealogy_n of_o these_o two_o last_o name_v and_o count_v backward_o in_o ascent_n no_o high_o than_o to_o their_o great_a grandsire_n he_o shall_v find_v by_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n that_o the_o art_n of_o cut_v and_o grave_v in_o stone_n be_v equal_a in_o antiquity_n to_o the_o original_n and_o beginning_n of_o the_o olympiades_n but_o to_o prove_v that_o these_o two_o bupalus_n and_o anthermus_n live_v in_o the_o day_n of_o hipponax_n above_o name_v record_v it_o be_v that_o the_o say_a poet_n have_v a_o pass_a soul_n &_o ill-favoured_n face_n of_o his_o own_o and_o these_o imageur_n can_v find_v no_o better_a sport_n than_o to_o counterfeit_v both_o he_o and_o his_o visage_n as_o lively_o as_o possible_o may_v be_v in_o stone_n and_o in_o a_o knavery_n to_o set_v the_o same_o up_o in_o open_a place_n where_o merry_a youth_n meet_v in_o knot_n together_o and_o so_o to_o propose_v he_o as_o a_o laugh_a stock_n to_o the_o whole_a world_n hipponax_n can_v not_o endure_v this_o indignity_n but_o for_o to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o these_o companion_n sharpen_v his_o style_n or_o pen_n against_o they_o and_o so_o course_v they_o with_o bitter_a rhyme_n &_o bite_a libel_n that_o as_o some_o do_v think_v and_o very_o believe_v be_v weary_a of_o their_o life_n they_o knit_v their_o neck_n in_o halter_n and_o so_o hang_v themselves_o but_o sure_a this_o can_v be_v true_a for_o they_o live_v many_o a_o fair_a day_n after_o yea_o and_o wrought_v a_o number_n of_o image_n in_o the_o island_n adjacent_a to_o chios_n and_o namely_o in_o delos_n under_o which_o piece_n of_o their_o work_n they_o subscribe_v certain_a arrogant_a verse_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o the_o island_n of_o chios_n be_v not_o only_o ennoble_v for_o the_o vine_n there_o grow_v which_o yield_v so_o good_a wine_n but_o renown_v as_o well_o for_o anthermus_n his_o two_o son_n who_o make_v so_o many_o fine_a â—…nd_n curious_a image_n the_o islander_n also_o of_o jasus_n have_v to_o show_v the_o image_n of_o diana_n their_o handiwork_n within_o the_o isle_n of_o chios_n their_o native_a country_n there_o be_v likewise_o another_o diana_n of_o their_o make_n whereof_o there_o go_v much_o talk_n and_o which_o stand_v aloft_o in_o a_o temple_n there_o the_o visage_n of_o which_o diana_n be_v so_o dispose_v that_o to_o as_o many_o as_o enter_v into_o the_o place_n it_o seem_v sad_a and_o heavy_a but_o to_o they_o that_o go_v forth_o it_o appear_v pleasant_a and_o merry_a and_o in_o very_a truth_n there_o be_v certain_a statue_n at_o rome_n of_o these_o man_n do_v to_o wit_n those_o which_o stand_v upon_o the_o lantern_n of_o apollo_n temple_n 〈◊〉_d the_o mount_n palatine_n and_o almost_o general_o in_o all_o those_o chapel_n which_o agustus_n caesar_n emperor_n â—…f_o glorious_a memory_n erect_v moreover_o their_o father_n anthermus_n leave_v behind_o he_o certain_a image_n both_o in_o delos_n and_o also_o in_o the_o island_n lesbos_n as_o for_o dipoenus_n his_o work_n be_v rife_o in_o ambracia_n arâ—…os_n and_o cleone_n in_o which_o city_n a_o man_n shall_v not_o see_v a_o corner_n without_o they_o
agrippa_n in_o his_o aedileship_n after_o he_o have_v be_v consul_n cause_v seven_o river_n to_o meet_v together_o under_o the_o city_n in_o one_o main_a channel_n and_o to_o run_v with_o such_o a_o swift_a stream_n and_o current_n that_o they_o take_v all_o afore_o they_o whatsoever_o be_v in_o the_o way_n and_o carry_v it_o down_o into_o tiber_n and_o be_v otherwhiles_o increase_v with_o sudden_a shower_n &_o land-floud_n they_o shake_v the_o pave_v under_o they_o they_o flank_v the_o side_n of_o the_o wall_n about_o they_o sometime_o also_o they_o receive_v the_o tiber_n water_n into_o they_o when_o he_o rise_v extraordinary_o so_o as_o a_o man_n shall_v perceive_v the_o stream_n of_o two_o contrary_a water_n affront_v and_o charge_v one_o another_o with_o great_a force_n and_o violence_n within_o under_o the_o ground_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o these_o water-work_n aforesaid_a yield_v not_o a_o jot_n but_o abide_v firm_a &_o fast_o without_o any_o sensible_a decay_n occasion_v thereby_o moreover_o these_o stream_n carry_v down_o eftsoons_o huge_a and_o heavy_a piece_n of_o stone_n within_o they_o mighty_a load_n be_v draw_v over_o they_o continual_o yet_o these_o arch_a conduit_n neither_o settle_v and_o stoop_v under_o the_o one_o nor_o be_v once_o shake_v with_o the_o other_o down_o many_o a_o house_n fall_v of_o itself_o and_o the_o ruin_n beat_v against_o these_o vault_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o those_o that_o tumble_v upon_o they_o with_o the_o violent_a force_n of_o skarefire_n ne_o yet_o of_o the_o terrible_a earthquake_n which_o shake_v the_o whole_a earth_n about_o they_o yet_o for_o all_o these_o injury_n they_o have_v continue_v since_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n almost_o eight_o hundred_o year_n inexpugnable_a and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n i_o will_v not_o conceal_v from_o you_o a_o memorable_a example_n which_o be_v come_v into_o my_o mind_n by_o occasion_n of_o this_o discourse_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o even_o the_o best_a &_o most_o renown_a chronicler_n who_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o pen_v our_o roman_a history_n have_v pass_v it_o over_o in_o silence_n when_o this_o k._n tarqvinius_n surname_v priscus_n cause_v their_o vault_n under_o the_o ground_n to_o be_v make_v and_o force_v the_o common_a people_n to_o labour_v hard_o thereat_o with_o their_o own_o hand_n it_o happen_v that_o many_o a_o good_a roman_a citizen_n be_v now_o over-toiled_n in_o this_o kind_n of_o work_n which_o whether_o it_o be_v more_o dangerous_a or_o tedious_a be_v hard_o to_o say_v choose_v rather_o to_o kill_v themselves_o for_o to_o be_v rid_v of_o their_o irksome_a and_o painful_a life_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o daily_o there_o be_v people_n miss_v and_o their_o body_n find_v after_o they_o be_v perish_v this_o king_n therefore_o to_o preveut_fw-fr far_a mischief_n and_o to_o provide_v that_o his_o work_n begin_v may_v be_v bring_v to_o a_o end_n devise_v a_o remedy_n which_o never_o be_v invent_v before_o nor_o practise_v rome_n afterward_o and_o that_o be_v this_o that_o the_o body_n of_o as_o many_o as_o be_v thus_o find_v dead_a shall_v be_v hang_v upon_o jebbet_n expose_v not_o only_o to_o the_o view_n of_o all_o their_o fellow_n citizen_n to_o be_v despise_v as_o curse_a creature_n but_o also_o to_o the_o wild_a and_o ravenous_a fowl_n of_o the_o air_n to_o be_v tear_v and_o devour_v the_o roman_n as_o they_o be_v the_o only_a nation_n under_o heaven_n impatient_a of_o any_o dishonour_n see_v this_o object_n present_v before_o their_o eye_n be_v mighty_o abash_v and_o as_o this_o mind_n of_o they_o have_v gain_v they_o victory_n many_o a_o time_n in_o desperate_a battle_n so_o at_o this_o present_a also_o it_o guide_v &_o direct_v they_o and_o be_v as_o they_o be_v dismay_v at_o this_o disgrace_n they_o make_v account_v no_o less_o to_o be_v ashamed_a of_o such_o a_o ignominy_n after_o death_n than_o they_o now_o blush_v thereat_o in_o their_o life_n but_o to_o return_v again_o unto_o these_o sink_n and_o water-work_n of_o we_o under_o the_o ground_n k._n tarquin_n abovenamed_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v make_v so_o large_a and_o of_o such_o capacity_n that_o a_o good_a wain_n load_v of_o hay_n may_v pass_v within_o they_o but_o all_o that_o ever_o i_o have_v say_v already_o be_v nothing_o or_o at_o leastwise_o very_o little_a in_o comparison_n of_o one_o wonderful_a thing_n which_o i_o be_o content_a to_o set_v down_o before_o i_o come_v to_o our_o new_a and_o modern_a building_n in_o that_o year_n when_o m._n lepidus_n and_o q._n catulus_n be_v consul_n at_o rome_n according_a as_o i_o find_v all_o the_o best_a writer_n to_o agree_v there_o be_v not_o a_o fair_a and_o more_o sumptuous_a house_n in_o all_o rome_n than_o that_o wherein_o lepidus_n himself_o dwell_v but_o very_o before_o five_o and_o thirty_o year_n be_v come_v and_o go_v there_o be_v a_o hundred_o house_n and_o more_o brave_a than_o it_o by_o many_o degree_n now_o if_o a_o man_n list_v by_o this_o reckon_n to_o make_v a_o estimat_fw-la of_o the_o infinite_a mass_n of_o marble_n as_o well_o in_o pillar_n as_o square_v ashler_n the_o rich_a and_o curious_a picture_n beside_o other_o sumptuous_a furniture_n meet_v indeed_o for_o a_o king_n which_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v employ_v in_o a_o hundred_o such_o house_n as_o may_v not_o only_o compare_v with_o that_o most_o beautiful_a and_o gorgeous_a house_n of_o lepidus_n but_o also_o exceed_v the_o same_o as_o also_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o other_o house_n afterward_o even_o until_o this_o day_n which_o have_v go_v beyond_o those_o hundred_o in_o sumptuosity_n what_o will_v he_o say_v and_o to_o what_o a_o unmeasurable_a proportion_n will_v all_o this_o arise_v certes_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o fire_n which_o burn_v many_o a_o stately_a palace_n do_v say_v well_o to_o the_o pluck_n down_o of_o man_n pride_n &_o punish_v such_o wasteful_a superfluity_n and_o yet_o these_o &_o such_o like_a example_n will_v not_o reform_v the_o abuse_n that_o reign_v in_o the_o world_n neither_o will_v this_o lesson_n enter_v into_o our_o head_n that_o there_o be_v aught_o under_o heaven_n more_o frail_a mortal_a and_o transitory_a than_o man_n himself_o but_o what_o do_v i_o stand_v upon_o those_o glorious_a edifice_n when_o two_o palace_n only_o have_v surpass_v they_o all_o in_o costlines_n and_o magnificence_n twice_o in_o our_o time_n we_o have_v see_v the_o whole_a pourprise_n of_o rome_n to_o be_v take_v up_o for_o to_o make_v the_o palace_n of_o two_o emperor_n c._n caligula_n and_o nero_n and_o as_o for_o that_o of_o nero_n because_o there_o may_v be_v nothing_o want_v of_o superfluity_n in_o the_o high_a degree_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v all_o guild_a and_o call_v it_o be_v the_o golden_a palace_n for_o why_o those_o noble_a roman_n who_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o this_o our_o empire_n dwell_v no_o doubt_n in_o such_o glorious_a and_o stately_a house_n those_o i_o mean_v who_o go_v from_o the_o very_a plough_n tail_n or_o else_o out_o of_o their_o country_n cabin_n where_o they_o be_v find_v at_o repast_n by_o the_o fire_n side_n to_o manage_v the_o war_n to_o atcheeve_v brave_a feat_n of_o arm_n to_o conquer_v mighty_a nation_n and_o to_o return_v with_o victory_n triumphant_a into_o the_o city_n such_o i_o say_v as_o have_v not_o so_o much_o free_a land_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n as_o will_v serve_v for_o one_o of_o the_o cellar_n of_o these_o prodigal_n and_o here_o i_o can_v but_o think_v with_o myself_o how_o little_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o magnificent_a building_n of_o these_o day_n be_v those_o plot_n of_o ground_n which_o in_o old_a time_n the_o whole_a state_n give_v unto_o those_o invincible_a captain_n by_o public_a degree_n for_o to_o build_v they_o house_n upon_o and_o how_o many_o of_o such_o place_n will_v go_v to_o one_o of_o these_o in_o out_o time_n and_o yet_o this_o be_v the_o great_a honour_n that_o they_o can_v devise_v to_o bestow_v upon_o those_o valiant_a and_o hardy_a knight_n as_o it_o may_v appear_v by_o livy_n l._n valcrius_fw-la publicola_n the_o first_o consul_n that_o ever_o be_v at_o rome_n and_o have_v companion_n with_o he_o in_o that_o government_n l._n brutus_n who_o have_v no_o other_o reward_n in_o recompense_n of_o his_o good_a service_n to_o the_o commonweal_n and_o so_o many_o demerit_n as_o also_o by_o his_o brother_n who_o in_o the_o same_o consulship_n defeat_v the_o samnite_n twice_o where_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o note_n that_o in_o the_o patent_n this_o branch_n go_v withal_o that_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o open_v the_o gate_n of_o their_o house_n outward_a so_o as_o the_o door_n may_v be_v cast_v to_o the_o street_n side_n this_o be_v in_o those_o day_n the_o most_o glorious_a and_o honourable_a show_n that_o such_o man_n house_n make_v even_o those_o who_o
and_o leave_v they_o behind_o for_o the_o hunter_n see_v themselves_o in_o danger_n of_o death_n for_o they_o in_o the_o opal_n there_o be_v observe_v also_o diverse_a blemish_n and_o imperfection_n as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o stone_n namely_o if_o the_o colour_n resemble_v the_o flower_n of_o that_o herb_n which_o be_v call_v heliotropium_fw-la i._n turnsole_n also_o if_o it_o look_v like_a crystal_n or_o hail_n likewise_o if_o there_o be_v a_o spot_n come_v between_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o grain_n or_o kernel_n of_o salt_n if_o it_o be_v rough_a in_o handle_v or_o if_o there_o be_v certain_a small_a prick_n or_o spot_n represent_v to_o the_o eye_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o precious_a stone_n that_o the_o indian_n can_v counterfeit_v so_o well_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o glass_n as_o this_o insomuch_o as_o hardly_o a_o man_n shall_v discern_v the_o natural_a opal_n from_o the_o false_a when_o they_o have_v do_v withal_o but_o the_o only_a trial_n be_v by_o the_o sun_n for_o if_o a_o man_n hold_v a_o opal_n betwixt_o his_o thumb_n and_o finger_n against_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n if_o it_o be_v a_o counterfeit_n he_o shall_v find_v those_o diverse_a colour_n which_o show_v therein_o to_o run_v all_o into_o one_o and_o the_o same_o transparent_a colour_n and_o so_o to_o rest_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o stone_n whereas_o the_o brightness_n of_o the_o true_a opal_n eftsoons_o change_v and_o send_v forth_o the_o lustre_n to_o and_o fro_o more_o and_o less_o yea_o and_o the_o glitter_a of_o the_o light_n shine_v also_o upon_o the_o finger_n this_o gem_n for_o the_o rare_a and_o incomparable_a beauty_n and_o grace_n that_o be_v in_o it_o most_o writer_n have_v call_v paederos_n there_o be_v also_o another_o kind_n of_o opalos_n apart_o by_o itself_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o who_o say_v it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o indian_n sangenon_n it_o be_v say_v that_o that_o there_o be_v opal_n in_o egypt_n and_o in_o arabia_n like_v as_o in_o the_o kingdom_n also_o of_o pontus_n but_o such_o of_o all_o other_o bear_v the_o low_a price_n in_o galatia_n likewise_o and_o in_o the_o isle_n thrasos_n and_o cyprus_n for_o albeit_o they_o have_v the_o lovely_a beauty_n of_o the_o opalus_n yet_o their_o lustre_n be_v nothing_o so_o lively_a and_o lightsome_a and_o seldom_o shall_v you_o meet_v with_o any_o of_o they_o that_o be_v not_o rugged_a their_o chief_a colour_n stand_v much_o upon_o brass_n and_o purple_a the_o fresh_a verdure_n of_o the_o green_a emeraud_n be_v away_o which_o the_o true_a opal_n do_v participate_v this_o be_v general_o hold_v that_o they_o be_v more_o commendable_a which_o be_v shadow_v as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o colour_n of_o wine_n than_o delay_v with_o the_o clearness_n of_o water_n thus_o far_o forth_o have_v i_o write_v of_o gem_n and_o precious_a stone_n which_o be_v esteem_v principal_a and_o most_o rich_a according_a to_o the_o decree_n general_o set_v down_o and_o pronounce_v by_o our_o nice_a and_o costly_a dame_n for_o we_o may_v conclude_v upon_o this_o point_n more_o certain_o go_v by_o their_o sentence_n than_o ground_v upon_o the_o judgement_n of_o man_n for_o man_n king_n especial_o and_o great_a man_n make_v the_o price_n of_o each_o gem_n according_a to_o their_o several_a fancy_n claudius_n caesar_n the_o emperor_n make_v no_o reckon_n of_o any_o but_o the_o emeraud_n and_o the_o sardonyx_n and_o these_o ordinary_o he_o wear_v upon_o his_o finger_n but_o scipio_n africanus_n as_o say_v demostratus_n take_v a_o like_n to_o the_o sardonyx_n before_o he_o and_o be_v the_o first_o roman_n that_o use_v it_o and_o ever_o since_o this_o gem_n have_v be_v in_o great_a request_n at_o rome_n in_o regard_n of_o which_o credit_n i_o will_v range_v it_o next_o to_o the_o opal_n in_o old_a time_n the_o sardonyx_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o very_a name_n be_v take_v for_o the_o precious_a stone_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o sarda_n cornalline_a upon_o white_a that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o if_o the_o ground_n under_o a_o man_n nail_n be_v flesh_n and_o both_o together_o transparent_a and_o clear_a and_o in_o very_a truth_n the_o sardonyx_n of_o india_n be_v such_o according_a to_o ismentas_n demostratus_n zenathemis_n and_o sotacus_n as_o for_o these_o two_o last_o name_v they_o very_o do_v name_n all_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v not_o clear_a and_o show_v not_o through_o they_o blind_a sardonyches_n such_o as_o the_o arabian_a be_v and_o these_o have_v carry_v away_o the_o name_n of_o onyx_n without_o any_o mention_n or_o appearance_n at_o all_o of_o the_o sarda_n or_o cornalline_n and_o these_o stone_n have_v begin_v of_o late_a to_o be_v know_v and_o distinguish_v by_o their_o sundry_a colour_n for_o some_o of_o they_o have_v their_o ground_n black_a or_o much_o upon_o azure_n and_o the_o nail_n of_o a_o man_n hand_n for_o it_o have_v be_v general_o think_v and_o believe_v that_o such_o have_v a_o tincture_n of_o white_a and_o yet_o not_o without_o a_o show_n of_o purple_a as_o if_o the_o say_v white_a incline_v to_o a_o vermillion_a or_o amethyst_n zenathemis_n write_v that_o these_o stone_n be_v not_o set_v by_o among_o the_o indian_n notwithstanding_o otherwise_o they_o be_v so_o large_a and_o big_a as_o thereof_o they_o make_v ordinary_o sword_n handle_v and_o dagger_n haft_n and_o no_o marvel_n for_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o in_o those_o part_n land_n flood_n come_v down_o with_o a_o stream_n from_o the_o hill_n have_v discover_v such_o and_o bring_v they_o to_o light_v he_o say_v also_o that_o they_o be_v at_o the_o beginning_n high_o accept_v of_o in_o those_o part_n for_o that_o there_o be_v not_o in_o manner_n a_o stone_n engrave_v that_o will_v imprint_v the_o seal_n upon_o wax_n clean_o without_o pluck_v the_o wax_n away_o but_o it_o and_o through_o our_o persuasion_n the_o indian_n also_o grow_v into_o a_o good_a conceit_n of_o they_o and_o take_v pleasure_n in_o wear_v the_o same_o and_o very_o the_o common_a people_n of_o india_n make_v hole_n through_o they_o and_o so_o wear_v they_o enfiled_a as_o carkan_n and_o collar_n about_o their_o neck_n only_o and_o hereupon_o it_o come_v that_o those_o be_v take_v to_o be_v indian_a sardonyches_n or_o cornallines_n which_o be_v thus_o bore_v through_o as_o for_o the_o arabic_a excellent_a they_o be_v think_v to_o be_v which_o be_v environ_v with_o a_o white_a circle_n and_o the_o same_o very_a bright_a and_o most_o slender_a neither_o do_v this_o circle_n shine_v in_o the_o concavitie_n or_o in_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o gem_n but_o glitter_v only_o in_o the_o very_a boss_n and_o beside_o the_o very_a ground_n thereof_o be_v most_o black_a true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o ground_n of_o these_o sardoin_n be_v find_v in_o the_o indian_a stone_n to_o resemble_v wax_n or_o horn_n yea_o within_o the_o white_a circle_n in_o so_o much_o as_o there_o be_v a_o resemblace_n in_o some_o some_o sort_n of_o a_o rainbow_n by_o mean_n of_o certain_a cloudy_a vapour_n seem_v to_o proceed_v from_o they_o and_o very_o the_o superficial_a face_n of_o this_o stone_n be_v red_a than_o the_o shell_n of_o lobster_n as_o touch_v those_o that_o be_v in_o colour_n like_o to_o honey_n or_o lees_n for_o this_o be_v take_v to_o be_v a_o imperfection_n and_o fault_n in_o cornally_n they_o be_v all_o reject_v likewise_o if_o the_o white_a circle_n that_o gird_v it_o about_o spread_v and_o do_v not_o gather_v round_o and_o compact_a together_o semblable_o it_o be_v count_v a_o great_a blemish_n in_o this_o gem_n if_o it_o have_v a_o vein_n of_o any_o other_o colour_n but_o that_o which_o be_v natural_a grow_v out_o of_o square_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o stone_n be_v such_o like_v as_o of_o all_o thing_n else_o not_o to_o abide_v any_o strange_a thing_n to_o disturb_v the_o seat_n thereof_o there_o be_v also_o armeniacke_a cornallines_n which_o in_o all_o respect_n else_o be_v to_o be_v like_v but_o for_o the_o pale_a circle_n that_o clasp_v they_o by_o occasion_n of_o this_o stone_n sardonyx_n i_o be_o put_v in_o mind_n for_o the_o name_n sake_n to_o write_v of_o the_o gem_n onyx_n also_o for_o notwithstanding_o there_o be_v a_o stone_n so_o call_v in_o carmania_n which_o be_v the_o cassidoin_n yet_o there_o go_v also_o a_o gem_n under_o that_o name_n sudines_fw-la say_v that_o the_o precious_a stone_n onyx_n have_v a_o white_a in_o it_o resemble_v the_o nail_n of_o a_o man_n finger_n it_o have_v likewise_o quoth_v he_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o chrysolith_n otherwise_o call_v a_o topase_n of_o a_o cornalline_a also_o and_o a_o jasper_n zenathemis_n affirm_v that_o the_o indian_a onyx_n be_v of_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a colour_n to_o wit_n of_o a_o fiery_a red_a a_o black_a a_o cornallines_n horn_n grey_a have_v also_o otherwhiles_o certain_a
and_o vine_n can_v agree_v together_o 176._o g._n coulewort_n may_v not_o abide_v either_o origan_n or_o cyclamine_n ib._n countercharme_n or_o preseruative_n against_o sorcery_n witchcraft_n enchantment_n and_o magic_a 149_o c._n 195_o e._n 229_o d_o 300_o k._n 306_o m._n 310_o h._n 313_o b._n f._n 320_o k._n 322_o m._n 357_o a_o 364_o g._n 387_o a_o b._n 430_o g._n 431_o e._n 433_o f._n 370_o i_o 515_o e_fw-it f_z 589_o a._n 609_o a._n 619_o e._n counterpoison_n 38_o k._n 39_o a_o c._n 45_o e._n 56_o l._n 59_o b._n 71_o e._n 107_o c_o 144_o i_o 160_o k._n 164_o i_o 169_o c._n 172_o h_z k._n 174_o m._n 186_o i_o 190_o m._n 192_o g._n 193_o c._n 200_o l._n 202_o l._n 215_o c._n 227_o b_o 233_o b._n 246_o g._n 270_o i_o k_o 288_o i_o 306_o m._n 314_o g._n 316_o l._n 321_o c_o 323_o a_o b_o c_o d._n 356_o g._n 364._o g._n 631_o a_o c_o e._n 433_o e._n 434_o g_o i_o l_o 435_o b._n 437_o d._n 529_o b._n 610_o m._n poison_v how_o they_o become_v counterpoison_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o work_n 270._o h_o c_o r_o crabfish_n 435_o d._n their_o virtue_n medicinable_a ibid._n enemy_n they_o be_v to_o serpent_n 435_o e._n 436_o i_z crambe_z the_o best_a kind_n of_o coulewort_n 48_o k_o for_o cramp_n in_o foot_n or_o leg_n a_o remedy_n 305_o b_o for_o cramp_n in_o general_a convenient_a medicine_n 40_o k._n 41._o d._n e_o 44_o k._n 46_o i_o 48_o g._n 49_o e._n 50_o h_z k._n 52_o k._n 50_o e._n 60_o l._n 61_o a_o 63_o a._n 64_o k._n 67_o d._n 72_o l._n 74_o i_o 75_o b._n 77_o 〈◊〉_d 102_o g._n 104_o h_o 108_o k._n 119_o d._n 123_o a._n 128_o i_fw-it m._n 129_o b_o c_o f._n 134_o l._n 150_o g_o 154_o g._n 191_o c._n 162_o h._n 167_o f._n 168_o g._n 179_o f._n 180_o g._n 182_o l_o 183_o e._n 186_o k._n 191_o c._n 193_o c._n 194_o k._n 198_o i_o 199_o c._n 219_o d_o 226_o l._n 248_o h._n 259_o c._n 262_o l._n 264_o g._n 275_o e._n 283_o a_o e_fw-la 289_o c_o e._n 290_o i_o 312_o i_o 313_o c._n 320_o g._n 354_o l._n 422_o m._n 431_o a_o 432_o i_o 442_o g._n 599_o c._n crapula_n a_o mixture_n in_o heady_a wine_n 153._o f._n why_o so_o call_v ibid._n m._n crassus_n the_o rich_a roman_a that_o ever_o be_v but_o only_o sylla_n dictatour_n 479_o d._n his_o apothâ—…gme_n ibid._n his_o land_n what_o they_o be_v ibid._n surname_v optimus_fw-la for_o his_o wealth_n 479_o e._n his_o covetousness_n ibid._n crataegon_fw-la a_o herb_n 279._o e_fw-la crataeogonum_fw-la what_o herb_n 257._o d_o crataeogonos_n a_o herb_n 279._o b._n the_o description_n and_o virtue_n ibid._n e_o second_v kind_n caell_v thelygonos_n ibid._n craterite_n a_o precious_a stone_n 625._o d_o craterus_n a_o cunning_a painter_n and_o comedian_n both_o 549._o e_o cratevas_n a_o renown_a physician_n 129_o b._n he_o write_v of_o herb_n and_o set_v they_o forth_o in_o colour_n 210._o g_o crathis_n a_o river_n 403_o c._n the_o water_n of_o strange_a operation_n ibid._n creifish_n of_o the_o river_n how_o medicinable_a they_o be_v 435._o c_o creifish_n head_n dry_v vermin_n out_o of_o a_o garden_n 32._o l_o cress_n a_o herb_n 29._o a._n why_o call_v nasturtium_n ibid._n it_o help_v the_o wit_n and_o understanding_n ibid._n 56._o g._n two_o kind_n of_o it_o and_o their_o property_n ibid._n which_o be_v best_a ibid._n k_o crestmarine_n a_o herb_n see_v sampire_n cricket_n much_o esteem_v by_o magician_n 370_o h._n the_o reason_n wherefore_o ibid._n the_o manner_n of_o hunt_v and_o catch_v they_o ibid._n cricke_n in_o the_o nape_n or_o pole_n of_o the_o neck_n how_o to_o be_v ease_v 70._o g_o see_v more_o in_o cramp_n crier_n public_a at_o rome_n warerich_v coat_n embroider_v and_o stud_v with_o purple_a like_o as_o senator_n 459._o d_o crinas_n of_o marsiles_n a_o famous_a physician_n 345._o a._n by_o what_o mean_v he_o win_v credit_n 345._o a._n b._n a_o great_a mathematician_n and_o astrologer_n ibid._n a_o ceremonious_a observer_n of_o day_n and_o hour_n 345_o b._n a_o man_n of_o exceed_a wealth_n ibid._n crista_n galli_n what_o herb_n 275._o c_o crocallis_fw-la a_o precious_a stone_n 625._o d_o crocias_n a_o precious_a stone_n 630._o m_o crocinum_fw-la a_o sweet_a ointment_n 105._o b_o crocis_n a_o magical_a herb_n 204._o k._n the_o strange_a quality_n thereof_o ibid._n crocodile_n skare_v away_o by_o the_o voice_n only_o of_o the_o tentyrians_n 299._o a_o against_o the_o crocodile_n bit_n what_o remedy_n 158_o h._n 315._o a_o 418_o k._n 419_o e._n 434_o h._n crocodile_n afford_v medicine_n from_o sundry_a part_n of_o their_o body_n ibid._n two_o kind_n of_o they_o ibid._n one_o kind_a live_a both_o in_o land_n and_o water_n ibid._n a_o second_o live_v only_o upon_o the_o land_n ibid._n i._n his_o dung_n be_v sweet_a and_o medicinable_a ibid._n the_o reason_n why_o ibid._n crocodile_n good_a meat_n all_o save_o head_n and_o foot_n ibid._n m_o crocodilea_n what_o it_o be_v ibid._n k_o how_o to_o be_v choose_v ibid._n how_o it_o be_v sopâ—…isticated_a ibid._n l._n the_o virtue_n thereof_o ibid._n k._n l_o crocodilian_n a_o herb_n 279_o c._n the_o description_n and_o virtue_n ibid._n crocomagma_n what_o it_o be_v and_o the_o use_n thereof_o 105_o b_o crâ—…sus_n rich_a in_o gold_n 464._o h_o cronius_n a_o cutter_n in_o precious_a stone_n 501._o d_o crowfoot_n what_o herb_n 239._o c._n the_o sundry_a kind_n ib._n their_o description_n ibid._n d._n why_o it_o be_v call_v sâ—…rumea_n ibid._n e_o crudana_n what_o vein_n it_o be_v of_o silver_n 472._o m_o crudity_n in_o the_o stomach_n how_o to_o be_v digest_v 64_o h._n 66_o i_o 67_o e_o see_v indigistion_n and_o digestion_n crush_v how_o to_o be_v cure_v 350._o i._n see_v bruise_n crystal_n 454._o i._n how_o it_o be_v engender_v 604_o i._n why_o so_o call_v ibid._n whereupon_o find_v ibid._n how_o to_o be_v use_v ibid._n l._n it_o grow_v natural_o six_o corner_a ibid._n one_o piece_n of_o crystal_n weigh_v fifty_o pound_n 604._o l_o crystal_n vessel_n of_o what_o capacity_n ibid._n m_o the_o imperfâ—…ctions_n and_o blemish_n in_o crystal_n 605._o a_o a_o crystal_n glass_n once_o break_v can_v be_v reunite_v ibid._n c_o crystall_n without_o fault_n and_o blemish_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d ib._n b_o crystallion_fw-la see_v 〈◊〉_d c_o t_n ctesias_n a_o writer_n 404._o i._n his_o opinion_n as_o touch_v amber_n 906._o l_o ctesidamus_fw-la a_o painter_n 549._o d_o ctesilas_n a_o fine_a imageur_n 501._o c._n his_o curious_a workmanship_n ibid._n ctesilaus_n a_o famous_a imageur_n 501._o e._n his_o work_n ibid._n ctesilochus_n a_o painter_n 549._o d._n his_o picture_n of_o jupiter_n in_o travel_n with_o bacchus_n etc._n etc._n ibid._n c_o five_o cuckoo_n meat_n a_o herb_n see_v oxys_n cucubalum_fw-la a_o herb_n 280._o g._n sundry_a name_n that_o it_o have_v ibid._n the_o virtue_n ibid._n cucumber_n of_o the_o garden_n a_o commendable_a meat_n 13._o d_o much_o affect_v by_o tiberius_n the_o emperor_n 14._o g._n how_o preserve_v grow_v upon_o the_o ground_n all_o winter_n ibid._n cucumber_n without_o seed_n 14._o l._n how_o to_o be_v preserve_v 15._o f_o cucumber_n seed_n how_o to_o be_v prepare_v and_o set_v in_o the_o ground_n 14._o h._n when_o to_o be_v sow_v or_o set_v 15._o a_o cucumber_n how_o they_o grow_v and_o in_o what_o form_n 14._o h._n they_o love_v water_n and_o hate_v oil_n ibid._n h._n i_o how_o cucumber_v plant_n may_v be_v keep_v fresh_a all_o the_o year_n long_o 14._o l._n cucumber_n a_o delicate_a salad_n 37._o d_o of_o cucumber_n three_o kind_n 14_o l._n how_o they_o bloume_n or_o flower_n 15._o c_o cucumber_n wild_a 35._o e._n f._n the_o fruit_n ibid._n where_o they_o best_o do_v grow_v 36._o k_o root_n of_o wild_a cucumber_n for_o what_o it_o be_v good_a ibid._n g_o cucumber_n serpentine_a or_o wander_a cucumber_n 36_o m._n the_o decoction_n thereof_o and_o the_o virtue_n ibid._n cudwort_n a_o herb_n 258._o l._n 283._o b_o cuit_n what_o medicinable_a property_n it_o have_v 148._o k_o cuit_n call_v sapa_fw-la the_o nature_n thereof_o 157._o c_o cumfrie_n of_o the_o rook_n a_o herb_n 275._o d_o cumin_n a_o herb_n 61._o c._n the_o description_n and_o virtue_n ibid._n where_o it_o love_v to_o grow_v and_o when_o to_o be_v sow_v 29._o f._n good_a to_o procure_v appetite_n ibid._n cumin_fw-la seed_n how_o to_o be_v sow_v 23._o d_o what_o cumin_n be_v best_a 30._o g_o cumin_n cause_v paleness_n of_o colour_n 61._o d_o cumin_n ethiopicke_n ibid._n f._n the_o property_n of_o it_o ibid._n cumin_fw-la of_o africa_n 62._o g._n the_o virtue_n thereof_o ibid._n cumin_fw-la wild_a and_o the_o virtue_n 248._o h_o cunila_n what_o herb_n 30._o i_o cunila_n bubula_fw-la 63._o b._n why_o call_v panax_fw-la ibid._n c_o use_v by_o tortoise_n as_o a_o defensitive_a against_o
time_n eat_v down_o the_o stand_a corn_n upon_o the_o ground_n chap._n four_o ¶_o which_o be_v the_o great_a fish_n in_o any_o coast_n of_o the_o ocean_n sea_n the_o big_a and_o most_o monstrous_a creature_n in_o the_o indish_a ocean_n be_v the_o whale_n call_v priest_n &_o balaena_fw-la in_o the_o french_a ocean_n there_o be_v discover_v a_o mighty_a fish_n call_v physeter_n i._o a_o whirlpool_n rise_v up_o aloft_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o column_n or_o pillar_n high_a than_o the_o very_a sail_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o then_o he_o spout_v and_o cast_v forth_o a_o mighty_a deal_n of_o water_n as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o a_o conduit_n enough_o to_o drown_v and_o sink_v a_o ship_n in_o the_o ocean_n of_o gades_n between_o portugal_n and_o andalusia_n there_o be_v a_o monstrous_a fish_n to_o be_v see_v like_o a_o mighty_a great_a tree_n spread_v abroad_o with_o so_o mighty_a arm_n that_o in_o regard_n thereof_o only_o it_o be_v think_v very_o it_o never_o enter_v into_o the_o straits_n or_o narrow_a sea_n there_o by_o of_o gibraltar_n there_o show_v themselves_o otherwhiles_o fish_n make_v like_o two_o great_a wheel_n and_o thereupon_o so_o they_o be_v call_v frame_v distinct_o with_o four_o arm_n represent_v as_o many_o spoke_n and_o with_o their_o eye_n they_o seem_v to_o cover_v close_o the_o nave_n from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o wherein_o the_o say_v spoke_n be_v fasten_v chap._n v._n ¶_o of_o triton_n nereid_n and_o sea-elephant_n and_o their_o form_n in_o the_o time_n that_o tiberius_n be_v emperor_n there_o come_v unto_o he_o a_o ambassador_n from_o vlissipon_n send_v of_o purpose_n to_o make_v relation_n that_o upon_o their_o sea-coast_n there_o be_v discover_v within_o a_o certain_a hole_n a_o certain_a sea_n goblin_n call_v triton_n sound_v a_o shell_n like_o a_o trumpet_n or_o cornet_n and_o that_o he_o be_v in_o form_n and_o shape_n like_o those_o that_o be_v common_o paint_v for_o triton_n and_o as_o for_o the_o meremaid_n call_v nereid_n it_o be_v no_o fabulous_a tale_n that_o go_v of_o they_o for_o look_v how_o painter_n draw_v they_o so_o they_o be_v indeed_o only_o their_o body_n be_v tough_a &_o scale_v all_o over_o even_o in_o those_o part_n wherein_o they_o resemble_v a_o woman_n for_o such_o a_o meremaid_n be_v see_v and_o behold_v plain_o upon_o the_o same_o coast_n near_o to_o the_o shore_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n dwell_v near_o hear_v it_o a_o far_o off_o when_o it_o be_v a_o die_a to_o make_v piteous_a moan_n cry_v &_o chatter_v very_o heavy_o moreover_o a_o lieutenant_n or_o governor_n under_o augustus_n caesar_n in_o gaul_n advertise_v he_o by_o his_o letter_n that_o many_o of_o these_o nereid_n or_o mearmaids_n be_v see_v cast_v upon_o the_o sand_n and_o lie_v dead_a i_o be_o able_a to_o bring_v forth_o for_o my_o author_n diverse_a knight_n of_o rome_n right_a worshipful_a person_n and_o of_o good_a credit_n who_o testify_v that_o in_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o spanish_a ocean_n near_o unto_o gades_n they_o have_v see_v a_o mere-man_n in_o every_o respect_n resemble_v a_o man_n as_o perfect_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o body_n as_o may_v be_v and_o they_o report_v moreover_o that_o in_o the_o night_n season_n he_o will_v come_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n aboard_o their_o ship_n but_o look_v upon_o what_o part_n soever_o he_o settle_v he_o weigh_v the_o same_o down_o &_o if_o he_o rest_v and_o continue_v there_o any_o long_a time_n he_o will_v sink_v it_o clean_o in_o the_o day_n of_o tiberius_n the_o emperor_n in_o a_o certain_a island_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o province_n of_o lion_n the_o sea_n after_o a_o ebb_n leave_v upon_o the_o bare_a sand_n 300_o sea-monster_n and_o above_o at_o one_o float_n together_o of_o a_o wonderful_a variety_n and_o bigness_n differ_v asunder_o and_o there_o be_v no_o few_o find_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o santones_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n there_o be_v sea-elephant_n and_o ram_n with_o tooth_n stand_v out_o &_o horn_n also_o like_v to_o those_o of_o the_o land_n but_o that_o they_o be_v white_a like_o as_o the_o foresaid_a tooth_n over_o &_o beside_o many_o meremaid_n turanius_n have_v report_v that_o a_o monster_n be_v drive_v and_o cast_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o gades_n between_o the_o two_o hindmost_a fin_n whereof_o in_o the_o tail_n be_v 16_o cubit_n it_o have_v 122_o tooth_n whereof_o the_o big_a be_v a_o span_n or_o nine_o inch_n in_o measure_n and_o the_o least_o half_a a_o foot_n m._n scaurus_n among_o other_o strange_a and_o wonderful_a sight_n that_o he_o exhibit_v to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n to_o do_v they_o peasure_n in_o his_o aedileship_n show_v open_o the_o bone_n of_o that_o sea-monster_n before_o which_o lady_n andromeda_n by_o report_n be_v cast_v to_o be_v devour_v which_o be_v bring_v to_o rome_n from_o joppe_n a_o town_n in_o judaea_n and_o they_o carry_v in_o length_n forty_o foot_n deep_o be_v the_o rib_n than_o any_o indian_a elephant_n be_v high_a and_o the_o ridge-bone_n a_o foot_n and_o half_a thick_a chap._n vi_o ¶_o of_o the_o balaene_n and_o orcae_n these_o monstrous_a whale_n name_v balaenae_fw-la otherwhiles_o come_v into_o our_o sea_n also_o they_o say_v that_o in_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o spanish_a ocean_n by_o gades_n they_o be_v not_o see_v before_o midwinter_n when_o the_o day_n be_v short_a for_o at_o their_o set_a time_n they_o lie_v close_o in_o a_o certain_a calm_a deep_a and_o large_a creek_n which_o they_o choose_v to_o cast_v their_o spawn_n in_o and_o their_o delight_n above_o all_o place_n to_o breed_v the_o orcae_n other_o monstrous_a fish_n know_v this_o full_a well_o and_o deadly_a enemy_n they_o be_v unto_o the_o foresay_a whale_n and_o very_o if_o i_o shall_v portrait_n they_o i_o can_v resemble_v they_o to_o nothing_o else_o but_o a_o mighty_a mass_n and_o lump_n of_o flesh_n without_o all_o fashion_n arm_v with_o most_o terrible_a sharp_a and_o cut_v tooth_n well_o these_o be_v ware_n that_o the_o whale_n be_v there_o break_v into_o this_o secret_a by-creek_n out_o of_o the_o way_n seek_v they_o out_o and_o if_o they_o meet_v either_o with_o the_o young_a one_o or_o the_o dam_n that_o have_v new_o spawn_v or_o yet_o great_a with_o spawn_n they_o all_o to_o cut_v &_o hack_v they_o with_o their_o trenchant_a tooth_n yea_o they_o run_v against_o they_o as_o iâ—…_n be_v a_o foist_n or_o ship_n of_o war_n arm_v with_o sharp_a brazen_a pike_n in_o the_o beakhead_n but_o contrariwise_o the_o balaene_n or_o whale_n aforesaid_a that_o can_v wind_v and_o turn_v aside_o for_o defence_n and_o much_o less_o make_v head_n and_o resist_v so_o unweldie_a as_o they_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o own_o weighty_a and_o heavy_a body_n and_o as_o than_o eithâ—…_n big_a belly_a or_o else_o weaken_v late_o with_o the_o pain_n of_o travel_n and_o call_a their_o young_a one_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n of_o help_n and_o succour_v but_o to_o shoot_v into_o the_o deep_a and_o gain_v sea-room_n to_o defend_v themselves_o from_o the_o enemy_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o orcâ—…_n labour_n to_o cut_v they_o short_a of_o their_o purpose_n to_o lie_v between_o they_o and_o home_o in_o their_o very_a way_n and_o otherwhiles_o kill_v they_o unaware_o in_o the_o straits_n or_o drive_v they_o upon_o the_o shelf_n and_o shallows_n or_o else_o force_v they_o against_o the_o very_a rock_n &_o so_o bruise_v they_o when_o these_o combat_n and_o fight_n be_v see_v the_o sea_n seem_v as_o if_o it_o be_v angry_a with_o itself_o for_o albeit_o no_o wind_n be_v up_o but_o all_o calm_a in_o that_o creek_n and_o gulf_n yet_o you_o shall_v have_v wave_n in_o that_o place_n where_o they_o encounter_v with_o the_o blast_n of_o their_o breath_n and_o the_o blow_v give_v by_o the_o assailant_n so_o great_a as_o no_o tempestuous_a whirl_n wind_n whatsoever_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v in_o the_o haven_n of_o ostia_n likewise_o there_o be_v discover_v one_o of_o these_o orcaes_n and_o the_o same_o assail_v by_o claudius_n the_o emperor_n it_o chance_v to_o come_v as_o he_o be_v make_v the_o say_a harbour_n or_o peer_n draw_v and_o train_v thither_o with_o the_o sweetness_n of_o certain_a beast_n hide_v that_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o gaul_n and_o be_v cast_v away_o and_o perish_v by_o the_o way_n of_o they_o for_o certain_a day_n she_o have_v feed_v and_o still_o follow_v they_o with_o the_o weight_n of_o her_o heavy_a body_n have_v make_v a_o furrow_n and_o channel_n as_o it_o be_v with_o her_o belly_n in_o the_o bottom_n among_o the_o shelf_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o flow_a of_o the_o sea_n she_o be_v so_o invest_v and_o compass_v in_o with_o the_o sand_n that_o by_o no_o mean_n possible_a she_o can_v turn_v about_o but_o