greatelye reioyce and glorye that he hathe opteined hys purpose When he shall see this countreye glyster and shyne in bryghte armoure and this citye set on fyre gyue lyghte Than shall hee preyse his inuencions and driftes and extoll his inuincible mynde and thynke he hathe sufficientlye reuenged hym selfe and his fore fathers for the contumelies and rebukes done to hym For he is wonte sometyme to saye that he is of the family and kinred of Tullius Hostilius kynge of the Volscians speciall ennemie to the people of Rome the whiche thynge is the onelye knowen occasion why vniuersallre the name of Romaines is hatefull vnto hym and he shall alway abhorre this common weale by whose dominion the house and family of his ancestours is dymmed and their empiere cleane subdued and ouerthrowen whiche thynge howe great cares it carieth into mennes mindes iudge ye your owne selues This I may only esteme of Cicero that as longe as that enuye of his fore fathers and those olde enmities of vnpacient mynde shall turmoile and vexe his braine he wolle neuer cesse from hys violence and madnes So greate is his vnmoderate luste and mynd to destroye this empiere And euen now truely the hole worlde beyng in peace so many kynges people and straunge nacions subdued all menne bothe by lande and see obeyinge vnto vs and nowe that there is no superior enemie of the people of Rome but doo approue our great puisance and noble actes And therfore he hath no hope to bringe this empiere to destruccion by outward hostilitie All thinges are in sure quiete vnder vs all men wyllinglye obey vnto vs. But for as muche as he greatly desireth to reuenge hym selfe and his ancestours and that his harde and cruell mynde wyll neuer cesse from that opinion he flyeth to those perturbacions with the which priuate enmities fyrst with me lastly he intendeth to greue the hole common weale And so first he accuseth Catline his ennemie and manye other felowes with hym in his conspiracie that they intend to inuade the common weale ouer runne theyr countreye deface the citie to burne houses temples aultares to rauyshe virgins to murther and slee the auncient men the peple and the nobles ne neuer stinte frome wrathe ne spare the sworde vntyll they haue vtterlye destroyed this moste beautifull cytie the soueraine princesse ouer all the world But I swere by the immortall goddes I wot not to what ende this vayne estimacion of men wol come that any mortall man shoulde beleue that there were any so vtterlie an hopelost or so ignorante of reason that dothe not pereriue a certayne zeale and tender loue towarde his cuntreye planted in hym the whyche alwaye throughe a certayne secrete and vehemente power of nature is powred in to mennes breastes Than what Romaine mynde wolde desire to brynge the common weale to so great calamitie For what moste cruell ennemye of the Romaines yea the verye Capitayne of Carthage Anniball coulde inuente and imagine greatter or the lyke hurtes to vs Wolde I inuade the common weale whiche haue for the common weale enterprised and susteyned so excedynge great perilles Shuld I be so bolde to deface the Senate and citie whiche haue adorned my lynage with so many most large benefites Shulde I burne the temples of Rome the which shew forthe so manye grauen images and tables of mine ancestoures Shuld I murder the noble men of bloud or Senatoures that am nowe in honoure and dignitie amonge them Shuld I wearyng the honorable robe defile the citie with other mischeuous dedes that which with all diligence haue withstand that other shoulde not defile it What hope what mynde what occasion shoulde driue me to do suche a deede Shoulde the luste and desire of dominion and rule whereof a lytle whyle ere Cicero reasoned haue I not quietely opteyned the dignite aboue all haue not I as good hoope lefte me to excuse other dignities as it is lawful for any mortal man to require for I am both of the bloud of noble Senatours and haue opteined the dignitie of a Senatour and here after I may be consul or dictatour The whiche dignities are suche and so greate that not onlye in this moste noble citie but also they far excel the empiers and principalities of all people of all nacions that are in all the worlde What nedeth it then to seke that thinge in harde warre whiche willingelye in peace is prepared for me But peraduenture as Cicero sayde enuie styrred me great dette pouertie immoderate boldenesse to beare a rule But this shuld be estemed of a man that is wylful rashe and brainesicke or of any other the which in hope to wynne and gette goodes maye vnwyselye make soo great a sedicion amonge the people of Rome and not of a man of the noblest bloud borne and in a citie aboundynge in welthe For shuld he that is honestly furnished with riches doubte that he shulde at â—nye tyme wante for so muche lucre and wynning doth euen offer it selfe and suche profite cometh of the common treasure that if a man shulde a lytle decaye and in no wyse obeye vnto honestie it is incredible howe easelye he maye be laded wyth aboundance of riches And to let passe other thinges thou Cicero arte an example vnto me whyche in a maner the other daye entredst into this citye bare nedy of al thynges after thou gottest thee once in office thou gatheredst sodeinly together so great a heap of ryches that all the townes belonginge to Rome as it semed were scasely sufficient for thy factoures Wherfore thou doste but folyshely to laye couetousenes pouertie and greate det vnto my charge All whiche thynges I coulde by a more sure maye appease then to disturbe the common weale to take the vncerteine for certeyne for a lytle commoditie to enterprise exceadynge greate peryls Neither I as touchinge suche thynges as I am accused of wolde for any priuate debate haue goone in hande with so horrible a dede There is no man in thys common weale that I reken to be myne ennemie onlye Cicero is agreued with me because I coulde not cloke his vices whyche he dyd secretlye whose folyshe and trifling toyes if I sholde haue exchewed and put from me I had many wayes to reuenge my selfe wythoute publike peryll Nor I neded no refuge to the hurt of the common weale seynge there was neither drede nor ieopardy to withstande or let me for if he were rydde oute of this lyfe there shulde remaine no man that wold not onely reuenge hym but also mourne at his funerall But god forbydde that I shulde dishoneste my selfe for hys fole hardynes For it is no laude for noble men to be reuenged on abiecte persons yet perchance if I wold haue desired it it shuld not be imputed worthy citizens but that I if I had gone about it at that tyme myghte haue had muche more oportunitie than he shulde haue had Surely if I fortified myne house wyth strength of men of armes broughte in my
some put to shameful death of gybet galous or crosse wyth most cruel tourmēt some be casten to wylde and rauenous beastes to be deuoured of thē A fewe which ar left with theyr lyues ar closed ī dongions darkenes passīg theyr miserable liues with mournīg wayling more greuous thā dethe Thus am I inuironed with anguish on euery side But if it were so that all these socours whiche I haue lost by crueltie of Jugurth or if all thinges which be turned to me frō prosperite to aduersite remained to this hour hole with oute detriment or dāmage lyke as they were in my best estate yet certainly noble senatours if any yll or misfortune prouided shuld happen to me I durst be bolde to call your ayde and conforte Bycause it semeth you to haue cure of right and wrong belongyng to euery man consydryng the excellent magnitude gretnes of your empire and to suffer no vertue vnrewarded or vice vnpunished and finally no wretch oppressed to cōtinue vndefended But now moost of all syth I am exulate frō my natife countrey frome the kyngdome which my father ruled vnder you and from my owne house dwellynge place also nedy and poore of all thinges belongynge to myne estate and alone without company or defence to whome or to what place may I resorte or in whom may I cal for ayde or conforte in these my manifolde miseries Shall I resorte or call for socours of nations or of kynges adiacent and aboute the lande of Numidy alas I shulde lytell preuayle or nought at al. Sith al they for your amite ioyned with you be mortal ennemies to vs so oure linage maye I resorte to any contrey aboute vs but that I shulde fynde there many tokens of cruelte of warre which my fathers haue don in theyr times passed in your causes Whether shall any of them whiche haue bene olde ennemies haue mercy or compassion on vs nowe in this extremite But finally most noble senatours my father Micipsa thus ordred vs at his departinge and gaue vs in commaundement that we shulde obserue nor mentayne the frendeshyppe of none other king nor people saue onely of the people of Rome and that we shuld seke no new felowshype nor newe confederacions or bondes of concorde sayeng that in your frendshyp and helpe we shulde find great-socours ayde and that largely But if it shulde fortune that the welth of this your empire shuld fall into ruyne or change from this excellence which the goddes defende than sayde he that we and our kingdome of necessite shulde also decay togyther with you But nowe landed be the goddes by whose helpe and fauour and by your owne strength vertue ye be at this tyme myghty and riche al thyng to you is prosperous and to your cōmaundement obeyng Wherfore it is so moche more laufull easy and conueniente to you to take cure charge in redressynge thiniuries done to youre frendes and felowes I am onely in drede and dout of this one thyng lest the frendshipe and singuler fauoure of Iugurth not parfetly knowen as he is worthy do induce the mindes of some so parcialite against Iustice right I here vnderstande that suche laboure with all theyr myght for fauour of Iugurth goynge aboute from mā to man praing and intreating with moche solicitude many of you aparte by one and one desirynge and requyring you to determine nothyng against Iugurth while he is absent and the matter and cause not knowen perfetly I here suche persons corrupt with parcialitie and fauour obiectinge secretly agaynst me and sayeng that I fayne and ymagine these wordes to accuse Iugurth vndeseruyngly and that I fayne to be chased forthe of my lande by hym where as I might surelye ynoughe haue remayned within the kyngdome of Numidy That wold god I might se once the cursed vnkind kinsman of mine Iugurth by whose vnmerciful cruel dedes I am castē in these miseries in such case that he wer faining the same thinges vnder like maner as I faine thē at this time wold god I might ones se hī as truely without fayning driuen out the land of Numidy as I am now chased frō the same by his cruelty wold god that at last other ye or els the immortall goddes wold so care for the businesses troubles of vs miserable mē in erth that the same Iugurth which now bereth himselfe proud of his sīfull dedes shewinge himselfe coūting hī noble onely bicause he escapeth vnpunished for his sinne cruelte might therfore suffer greuous punishmēt with all my miseries other mischeues yls accordīg to his deseruing for his vnmerciful cruelte shewed against our father Micipsa ī murdrīg of my dere brother Hiempsal chasīg me forth of my natife coūtre thus oppressed with al miseries ī extreme necessite O my brother my brother Hiēpsal most dere to my hart of al creatures how be it nowe thy life is berefte that in thy flourīg youth lōg before thy natural hour of deth and that by cruelte of him whō it semed not of al mē so to haue done neuertheles me thīketh ī my mind this chaūce of thy deth more to be ioyed of thā to be sorowed For thou hast not onely lost thy life thy kingdom but also thou hast escaped this chasīg this flight this exile this ned this pouerty with al other wretchednesses miseries which oppresseth me wtout confort or socours But I vnhappy miserable exulate thus throwē downe frō my fathers kingdome into so many yls so greate myseries may wel be an example spectacle to al the world of the mutable courses wherein fortune turneth mankinde O my dere brother vncertayne am I what I doo whyther I thus distitute of socour ayde maye persecute and reuenge thy iniuries and thy deth or els whether I may prouide seke socours for recoueringe of the land of Numidy I am in that case that my life deth dependeth in the socour of other men wold god I were dead out of hande yf death mighte be an honeste conclusion of these my miserable misfortunes rather than to be counted as contente pleased to lyue in rebuke and shame as an exulate weryed and ouercome with iniures and giuenge place to the iniust cruelte of tyrannous persecucion and not able nor bolde to resiste the same But nowe certaynly it is against my wyl that I liue for in my life I haue no likinge nor pleasure yet can I not dye without disshonour Wherfore moost prudente fathers and noble senatours these premisses cōsidered I obtest and humbly requyre you in honour of the goddes immortall for the aunciente amite bytwene you my forefathers for the naturall loue which ye haue against your children and parentes and by the magestie of the people of Rome this your most excellēt empire haue pite of my manifold calamites socour this my miserie Resist this tirānous dealyng iniury of Iugurth cōmitted not onelye against my
prince and soueraigne of all the worlde They sayde Cesar was driuen therto by reason that through his great and large liberalitie he owed aboue DCCC.xxx talentes Some saye that all these thynges were feyned and blowen abrode by their enemies and shoulde in no wyse be beleued that so noble men shoulde confederate them selues with Lentulus Catiline and Cethegus desperate caitiues What certeine knowledge I haue of eyther of them I wyl after in place conuenient declare But when these men that I haue rehersed were there assembled together Catiline tooke them a parte and thus he sayde ¶ The oracion of L Catiline to hys felowes of the conspiracie Cap. v. YOVRE incredible faythefulnes and the great fortitude and manhode that I haue alwaye perceiued in you dothe encourage my herte yea and putteth me in greate hope not onelye to recouer libertie but also to enlarge and augmente our olde dignitie For whan I loke and well beholde eche of you I se no man in this companye that hath not done some noble and worthye acte ne no man but that he derely tēdereth my welth ne no man but either he hath done me pleasure or els I him ne no man but that I am bounde to remembre for euer more his goodnes toward me And therfore now I haue no feare to disclose and open vnto you what I purpose and intende nor I haue no drede nor mistruste but that eche of you wil endeuour hym to the vttermoste of your power to accomplysshe and bringe to effecte that that I shall shewe you For the olde lawe of iuste and trewe amitie that of a longe time hath ben betwene vs is that frendes shulde alwaye wyll one thynge nor there is no bonde of frendshyppe more certayne and sure then the consent and societie of counsayll and wyll And therfore in this cause most specially your wyls and myne ought to be one for soo moche as ye shall well perceiue that those thinges that my harte so sore desyreth to bringe to passe are egally good and euyll bothe for you and me Oftentimes by my selfe thinking on the miseries that we many yeres haue benne wrapped in and as me semeth shall be styll onlesse your moste prudente wysedomes woll prouide remedy I am wonte to call to remembraunce what a wretched life we shal leade in time to come without we set our selfe at libertie For I nede not to reherse to you your selfe beare it well inoughe in in remembraunce howe many and dyuers hurtes and griefes we haue endured sithe the moste common wele through the crueltie of certayne vngratious persones was permitted and let slippe to be vnder the rule order and power of a fewe and suche as began to take more vpon them then all the rest besyde For I lettinge passe to reherse the mishappe and chaunce that ech of vs hath had you maye with one regarde beholde all vs that be here noble stronge and valiante men whiche often tymes for the common weale haue not eschewed perylles moste greate and greuous and hauynge neyther lande nor rent lefte as wretches nedy sorowfull and out castes haue as moche as we can do to defende our liues fame citie and goodes But they whiche violate vexe and trouble all together bothe the lawe of god and mā not onely walowinge in riches and welthe pleasantlye passe awaye theyr tyme where they luste but also euery thynge beinge done at theyr commaundement and wyl seke wayes and meanes to attrappe and destroye the moste noble and valiant men of our citie and they them selfe are in doubte of nothinge finallye theye haue and exercise a regall power I haue no word more greuous when I name this royal power but surely theyr power is greatter than a kinges What kingdome was there euer that had mo kynges at one tyme what kinge was there euer so mightie and soo stronge the whiche had a power to constitute and make kynges But these men haue full power to rule all prouinces and depriue free nacions of theyr landes and to geue and dispose other mennes royalmes and kyngedomes To these men all the whole world kynges princes and straunge nacions haue ben alwaies tributours And so they haue all the power fauoure ryches worshyp and honoure To the satisfiynge of the whole couetousenes surelye it semeth all the whole worlde is to lyttell and ouer straite But nowe if they wolde seeke only to haue the power riches and honoure they shulde be to vs greuous but yet they mought be suffered and borne But what is he that can endure and suffer that they hauynge abundance of cattell golde syluer iuorie ryche araye costlye howsholde stuffe and other thynges shulde daylye lye in awaite to catche vs in some snare that are nedy and want al these thynges and that are with their boastynges and bragges greuouslye wronged ye and beside that to goo aboute styl to depriue vs of this oure sorowfull and most wretched lyfe We are sore thretened and are in perpetuall peryll and dreede of them oure iudgementes and puttynge from all roumes and offices are prepared Whyche thynges howe longe wyll you most valiaunte and noble men pacientlye beare and suffer Were it not better for a man a thousande tymes to dye then to lyue in that citye where he is an abiecte contemned and despised of all other desperate and forsaken tremblynge and quakynge mistrustinge his owne affaires not so hardye to speke without lybertie without auctorite and wythout any shappe of free man Yea and to be subiecte to those the whiche if wee had a common weale wolde be in feare and dreede of vs. Wherfore moste hardy and valiant men let vs at laste shake of our stuggishenesse and let vs take suche hart and courage as besemeth noble Romaynes borne Our forefathers coulde not suffre the proude kynge Tarquimus and canne we suffer not one kynge but many moste cruell tyrantes Surely I will neuer leaue you I wyll monishe you I wyll teache and instructe you I wyll alwaye declare to you what I thynke beste to be done there shall no tyme escape me neyther night nor daye but that I woll minde and imagine what soo euer concerninge oure libertye ought to be thought on that thynge that oughte to be entreprised and done wyll not I make courtsye to doo but shall desyre and praye you to haue the doinge therof fynally I wyll do that that becometh a worthy Romayne to do that is for our libertie I wyll put my life in ieoperdy But I protest before god and man that the victorie is in our handes if we wyll playe the men We haue here at hande Syllas souldiours withe all theyr fauour strengthe and one assente redye to ayde vs by whose sodeyne commynge we shall shortelye haue a stronge and sure hoste of men With like diligence fauour and loue to recouer libertie the moste bolde and valiante men Gn. Piso and P. Siccinius Nucerius haue conspired with vs of the whiche the tone is in the hither Spayne with a great
Mayre as his age serued him thoughe he were a newe gentylman yet hauynge truge in his vertuous demeanoure beganne to require the consulshyp For before that tyme the nobilitie kepte that dignitie with strength and wisedome to them selfe Nor there was no newe gentleman consull of a longe season before But of these .vij. Cassius Galba Cornificius and Licinius were slower in requiring the consulshyp then they made for But Catiline hauing great hope to be consull ranne frome tribe to tribe and called vpon and went in hande with all those that vsed at eleccion of the hyghe officers to deale money and gyue rewardes on the behalfe of the noble men and he despised M. Tully Cicero and denyed that a straunger myghte striue with hym before an egall iudge he tooke Antonius as his felowe in office and not as one that stroue with hym to be consull For they two were agreed together to shyfte Cicero beside the consulshyp throughe the assured helpe of M. Crassus and C. Ceaser Ambicion was extremely in vre in those dayes For Catiline and Antonius dyd all that they coulde wyth exceadinge greate gyftes and rewardes too come to the consulshyppe Wherefore throughe the perswasion that Cicero made there vpon in the senate house the Senatoures decreed that a newe lawe shulde be made againste ambicion and the penalte thereof augmented And because Q. Mutius Oressinus the profectour of the commontie wolde haue letted this decree to go forthe to the sore and greuouse displeasure of the Senatoures Cicero rose vp and ryghte sharpelye rebuked Q. Mutius and vehementlye inuehed againste L. Catiline and C. Antonius with manye and fauorable murmuracions of the hole senate therunto And in that same oracion spekynge vnto Catiline the whiche a fewe dayes before was by preuaricacion and falsehod quite of pelye theft he prophecied and saide O thou wretche that doste not perceiue that thou were not clerely quite and deliuered by that iudgemente but reserued to suffer a sharper and more greuous punyshment And at the very same tyme of eleccion a rumoure was spredde abrode amonge the commons that certaine citizens were confederate and agreed together to oppresse the common weale and to murther and slee the Senatours The ground and begynner of this rumoure was Q. Curius felowe and partener of all theire counsaylynges the whiche kepte paramoure one Fuluia not onely a ryghte noble but also a notable woman This man beynge hollye geuen to bodelye pleasure ydlenes and vanities to the intent he myghte throughe hope of the conspiracie allure her the better to loue and fauoure hym he tolde to her all the counsayles of the conspiratoures Nowe as the nature of women is the whych can neyther kepe in secrete thinges nor hyde priuities and rather wyll a womanne quenche flame in a burnynge mouthe than keepe counsayle So this Fuluia tolde vnto manye and diuers all that euer she herde of Curius withoute namynge anye of the conspiratoures This thynge holpe and greatlye furthered Cicero to bee consull For all that desyred to saue and defend the common weale from that myschief incontinent went and stacke to Cicero as to a man that naturally was inclined to reste and peace and that had the knoweledge of warfare and experience in all other kynde of businesse Thus than when it came to the election Cicero was chosen consul with suche sauour and affection of all the people as fewe of the nobilitie had ben but neuer no newe gentlemanne before him Antonius had a fewe mo Centurians than Catiline And all be it that he had an yll name for in Sillas victorye he behaued him selfe cruellye and spoyled and pilled the countrey of Achaia and beinge accused therof refused to come and make answere and was greatlye indetted to diuers men and finallye for his dishonestie was by the senatours remoued and put out of the Senate yet partly bycause the other desirers of the consulshyp waxed slacke as I saide before and partelye for the noble remembraunce and worthye renowne of his father he was better fauoured and had clerely moo handes then Catiline Also the plaies and enterludes furthered gretly Antonius towarde the opteynyng of the consulship the whiche he fyrste of al the Romaynes made moste magnificently and richely on syluer stages whome L Murena ensued the whiche the nexte yeare folowinge caused the playes to be made before the peple with most gay and gorgiouse apparayle and also with syluer stages Those playes maruaylously delyted the people And althoughe Cicero that moste excellent lerned man was far distant from the opinion of the common people whiche also made thre playes in the time of his edileship yet he sayde that he alsoo had a siluer stage that required to haue the consulshyp But the furye of Catyline althoughe his peticion tooke no place dimynished not but dayly made greate preparation he assayed and solicited manye thinges he appointed armoure in dyuers partes of Italye that were oportune for his purpose He sente C. Manlius a braynsycke bolde man of his band into Hetruria to styrre vp Sillas soludiours and to prepare 〈◊〉 armye and he commanded hym to be redy in armes 〈◊〉 daye of Nouembre And sayde that for as moche as fortune dyd ofte greately helpe in chosinge of the consuls he wolde yet ones againe the next yeare desire and make labour to be consull and in the meane tyme to laye awayt to attrappe Cicero to prepare to murther and sle the noble men of Rome And within a fewe monthes after L. Lucullus that most noble man that to speake in his cause was moste prompt and redye accused hym amonge the murtherers but through the helpe of manye noble men and by the sentence and iudgement of a greate nombre he was quite This is he the noble and myghtye man Lucullus that warred agaynste the moste puissante kinge Mithridates from the whiche warre he returninge home as conqueroure throughe detraction of his ennemies was let from his triumphe by the space of thre yeres but by the worthy ayde and diligence of Cicero in hys consulshyp he syttynge in a chare mooste noble and ryche was tryumphantly conueyed into the Capytoll And he was afterwarde mooste speciall ayde and helpe to Cicero to quenche this ferefull firebrande of conspiracye But after that Cicero had the firste daye of Ienuary taken on hym the rule and goueraaunce of the common weale the which through suspicion of the lawe Agraria was full of trouble and feare he delyuered the Senatoures and all other good honest men from drede ¶ Power that had ben gyuen of the Decemuiri by the law Agraria if Cicero had not resisted Cap. viii THERE were certaine of the Protectours of the commontie whiche indeuoured theim to haue the lawe Agraria of â—reatinge the Decemuiri with imperiall auctoritie to be publyshed to whome by that lawe it was permitted to goo throughe the hole worlde with mooste hyghe and souerayne auctoritie to depriue fre nacions of their landes to take kyngedomes frome whome they
Whyche thynges beinge thus good souldyours I admonyshe you for the common whealthes sake than whiche nothynge ought to be derer vnto anye manne I exhorte you for my greate dylygence whiche ye knowe I haue practysed in warre faare and I beseeche youe for the greatnesse of the perylle that wee stande in thynke that all the ayde and succoure of the commone wealle all the state of the Cytye the wealthe and lybertie of all the Citisens is layde and faste fyxed to youre swordes poynted in this one battayle Other nations canne suffre seruytude and bondage Romaynes canne nat awaye therewith Therefore eyther it behouethe vs to conquere or elles let vs the princes of all the worlde and of all nations rather dye wyth glorye thanne to liue in seruitude with reproche ¶ Howe Petreius ordered hys battayles Cap. lxiii WHAN this oracion was done the souldiours myndes were merueilouselie kendled and soo lustie a courage and desire to fight tooke them that vneathe they wolde abide the sounde of the trumpet Petreius orderinge his armie in two batailes the aunciente cohortes of warriours in the vawarde and the resydue of his hoste behinde to ayde and souccoure them and all thinges diligentelye aduised and marked his souldiours instantelie requiringe and feruentelye desirynge it he blewe vp his trumpet At the sounde of the trumpet they on bothe partes so fierselye shewed their violence and so sodainelye and soo hastelye ranne together that they lefte no space to caste dartes at their ennemies but fought hande to hande wyth their swordes Catilines menne beynge in extreme hoope of healthe stacke fyerselye to it The aunciente warrioures inflamed with Petreius wordes and compelled wyth the glorie of their olde warrefare strongelye receyued the fierce brounte of their ennemies They foughte longe on bothe sydes mooste mannefullye and with a fierce courage the clamoure and noyse and the dynne of swordes myngled wyth gronynge was greate and hydeous Dysdaine and the glorye of warrefare encouraged the tone parte necessitie and desperacion stomacked the other ¶ Howe valiaunt a capytayne Catilyne was CATILINE in the meane whyle sent succours to suche of his menne as weere in daungier and their places that were wounded and wearie he furnyshed with freshe and lustie souldiours he ofte strake his ennemye and exhorted them that weere slowe to battayle hee retourned backe theym that fledde and rounynge hyther and thyther he soo dilygently prouyded for all thynges that it were harde to iudge whither he played the parte of a souldiour mooste valyant or of a capytayne moste politike But at the self same tyme he dydde bothe Wolde to god Catilyn had hadde as good a mynde to gouerne the cōmon weale as he had a body to make warre and wolde to god he had not consumed his excellent wytte in myschiefe Assuredly fewe citesynes wolde haue gouerned the common weale better than he But whan the immoderate luste to rule and haue the souerayntie had swalowed hym vp all these ornamentes whiche in hym were excedynge great with this myschief were obscured And whyle he coueted to be lyke L. Sylla and C. Marius he was founde to be moste vnlyke to his auncestours For Catilyne I wyll omytte his father and grandfather was the sonnes son of that M. Sergius whose prowesse soo many warrelyke preyses wytnessen Not withstandynge I redde of late certayne authors that say that Catilynes lynage came out of the house of the Scipions But nothyng can be spoken more contrary to lernyng But nowe let vs returne agayne to the batayle Than Catilynes souldyours by his knyghtely dedes beinge put in good hope and freshely encouraged fought so egerly that Antonius souldiours a lytell reculyd Whan Petreius perceyued that he sente the seconde battayle to ayde theym that were in peryll soo whan they that were fresshe and lustye were in the places of them that were werye and wounded Catilynes men coulde not susteyne their vyolence Than the Fesulane in goinge aboute to succour his souldyours is slayne Manlius oppressed with greate multitude of ennemies mooste manfullye fyghtynge is slayne with the moste parte of the souldiours ¶ Whan Catilyne sawe the mattier at such a mischief and that there was no succours that myght be sente to helpe them remembryng the lynage that he came of and myndynge also that an honest deathe oftentymes dothe exornate a shamefull lyfe despeyryng to escape gotte hym a monge the thyckest of his ennemies there sleinge many of them he compellyd the resydue a lytle to recule And whyle he fiersely preased vpon them all the multitude tourned agaynst hym there foughte he egerly hande to hand At length being oppressed with multitude of enemyes and receyuyng many greuous woundes that he coulde scarsely stande makynge a great slaughter aboute hym with hyghe laude if he had dyed for the cōmen weale he was slayne But the other ennemies beinge paste all hope to escape alyue shewed suche manlynesse that whan they that stoode before were ouerthrowen they that were nexte defended them valiantly and loke what place any of them toke being alyue they couered it beinge deade fewe saued theym selues by flyghte whome noo man folowinge they escaped easelie ¶ The warre that C. Promptinius made wyth the Delphinois Cap. lx THE same season certaine of the conspiratoures with greate promyses sturred the Delphinois to make warre to the Romaines whiche thinge I meruaile that Saluste whiche wrote thys conspiracie spake nothinge of Than to represse their violence an armie was sente forthe leddé by C. Promptinius whiche beynge Pretor with L. Flaccus toke the deteccions of the conspiracie who fought with them manie times prosperouselie And whan he had with many batailes weried the Delphinois and the common weale deliuerid from drede being in rest he determined to go no farther For alway tyll that time the Romaine capitaines thoughte better to resyst the frenche men by war than to prouoke them to it Nor there was none other nacion thoughte able to make warre to the Romaines All other businesses both by lande and sea for the most part by the prowes onelie of Gn. Pompeius were surelie pacified ¶ The other conspiratours condempned at Rome Cap. lxi AFter this at Rome greate and greuouse Iudgementes were geuen againste the conspyratoures L. Vergunteius a Senatour P. Antronius Seruius Sylla C. Cornelyus Marcus Lecca M. Fuluius nobilior and manie other weere condempned Yet manye of the partenars of the conspiracie escaped For whan the citye and almoste all Italy was infected with this myschiefe the Senate thoughte that by the punishment of a fewe the myndes of the other myghte be cured But thys thynge I wyl not leaue vnspoken for though the lawes wyll not that seruauntes shulde be rackte to accuse their masters yet concerninge this myscheful conspiracie they rackte them to disclose their masters And no wronge For the mooste prudente Senatours decreed that they that had enterprised so great a mischiefe ought to be bare and destitute of al helpe both of lawe and man Thus Catilynes warre the most
more nere to the sea of Affrike The GetuliaÌ„s iÌ„habited more nere to the sunne rising not far froÌ„ the ferueÌ„t cuntrey of Inde this peple anone had roumes dwelling places for the sea bitwene theÌ„ Spaine was but narow wherfore they agreed with the Spaniards to make exchaÌ„ges bargins of merchaÌ„dise with theÌ„ The LibieÌ„s corrupted their name by litle litle changing the same at last in sted of MedeaÌ„s named theÌ„ selfe MaurieÌ„s by barbarike ê“nuÌ„ciacion of their laÌ„gage But the welth riches of the PersieÌ„s in short tyme increased multiplied In somoch that after they had named theÌ„ selfe NumidiaÌ„s thei iÌ„creased in so gret multitude that theyr fyrst couÌ„trey was not able to noryshe theÌ„ al. So that after ward many of the yong lusty people departed in sonder froÌ„ theyr frindes left their cuntrey resorting to a cuntry nere the citie of Carthage vacaÌ„t at that tyme. In which cuÌ„trey they iÌ„habited theÌ„ selfe named it Numidy after their name Shortly after this both they which remayned stil in their first cuÌ„trei these which remoued theÌ„ce assisted one an other with al maner help socour In so much that what by strength what by feare they brought vnder theyr subieccioÌ„ dominioÌ„ suche other nacions as marched nere theÌ„ so that within short tyme they much inhauÌ„ced augmented their name and glory but namely they which inhabited the part of Affrike which is ouer against Italy nere the Italian sea these most iÌ„creased in welth honor For the Libiens were not so good men of war as the GetuliaÌ„s or NumidiaÌ„s And so al the inward part of Affrike was for the most parte in possession of the Numidians so much dyd they that al the nacions of theÌ„ subdued wer called Numidians after the name of ouercomers Now haue we declared how the Getulians LibieÌ„s wer first inhabitaÌ„tes of Affrike how the Perseans MedeaÌ„s Armeniens came afterward ioyned with theÌ„ How the Perseans named theÌ„selfe Numidians And the MedeaÌ„s Armeniens by corrupcioÌ„ of langage wer called Mauriens And now coÌ„sequently I shal declare what other peple came afterward inhabited the same land of Affrike After al these nacioÌ„s before rehersed out of the land of Phenice cam much peple to inhabit theÌ„ selfe in Affrike Some bicause theyr owne countrey was not sufficieÌ„t to sustaine so grete a multitude as werof theÌ„ And other some great men of birth desirous of lordship raised vp asseÌ„bled the nedy coÌ„men people left their owne cuÌ„trey in hope to fynd some other greter dominioÌ„ els where in proces of tyme ariued at the land of Affrike there builded thre cities vpon the sea cost named Hippona AbrumentuÌ„ Leptis with other diuers cyties but not so gret and famous as these were These cities in short tyme wer so augmeÌ„ted incresed that some of theÌ„ wer honour and some socour ayd to their original cuÌ„tries But of the citie of Carthage whiche also by theÌ„ was bylded afterward became the hed citie of Affrike I thinke it is better to pas ouer with silence thaÌ„ of it to speke a litel thaÌ„ to leue the matter in the myds vnperfet and also this my busines procedeth to an other purpose Neuertheles some what shal I touch the fyrst foundacioÌ„ of this citie of Carthage not folowing mine author Salust which wrteth nothing therof but folowing the opinioÌ„ of Virgil as he writeth in the first boke of Eneas ¶ The quene Dido doughter of Belus kyng of the land of Cipre wife to Sicheus king of Phenice fled wyth her shyps laded with gold other riches out of her owne cuÌ„trey dreding the cruelte of her brother PigmalioÌ„ whiche blinded by couetise and ambicion had slayne her husband Sicheus by tresoÌ„ This Dido at last ariued with her shyps coÌ„pani at the coast of Affrike wher reigned a king named Hierbas which moued with beaute of Dido desired her to wife But for loue whiche she had to her first husbaÌ„d Sicheus she wold not coÌ„sent therto by any meanes but desired to bie of the same kyng as much grouÌ„de as might be coÌ„pased about with the hide of a bul And after that it was grauÌ„ted she cut the hide of smal that with the same she coÌ„pased .iij. myle of grouÌ„de about In which space she buylded a citie which first was named Birsa after in ê“ces of tyme it was called Tiros last of al Carthage Vnder which name bi long coÌ„tinuauÌ„ce so amply it encreased in fame welth that it contained xxiiij miles in compasse But whaÌ„ it was in most excellence it was vtterly distroied bi the Romains Publius Scipio Affricanâ— the tyme being captayne of the Romaine armye Touching the foundacion of this famous citie of Carthage so moch haue I writteÌ„ more than mine authour Salust But now wil I returne to mine institute purpose concerning the discripcion of Affrike brefely bring it to coÌ„clusion The valey of whoÌ„ I spake before named in Affricke langage CathahathmoÌ„ deuided the couÌ„trey of Affrike froÌ„ Egipt on the side saue that an arme of the see is bitwene the first citie or habitacioÌ„ of Affrik toward this valey is called Cirene And nere to the same be other two cities the one named Tolonia the other ThercoÌ„ beiond these thre cities be two quicksaÌ„des bytwen both the saÌ„des a cite named Leptis Beyond this cite of Leptis is a place named of the Romains PhylenoruÌ„ in english the auters of two brethern called Philenis bicause these two brethern suffred theÌ„ selfe to be quicke buried in the same place for the commeÌ„ wele of their couÌ„tre wherof thistory herafter shal be writteÌ„ at more oportunite This place diuideth the dominioÌ„ of Carthage from Egipt on the side After this place on the side costs be other cities belonging to the dominioÌ„ of Punike Al the places from thens forth to Mauritany or land of the Mauriens be vnder subieccioÌ„ of the Numidians The Mauriens haue theyr habitacion nere to Hispaine But as we rede the Getulians haue theyr habitacioÌ„ beiond the NumidiaÌ„s some in pore lodgis some other more vilely wtout habitacioÌ„ wandring as vagabuÌ„des Beyonde these GetuliaÌ„s is the land of Ethiope froÌ„ thens forth be couÌ„treis so brent with feruour of the soÌ„ne that they be inhabitable But duriÌ„g this war bitwene the RomaiÌ„s Iugurth the Romains had iÌ„ their possessioÌ„ many townes of Punike much of the costes of theÌ„pire of Carthage ruled the same by officers vnder theÌ„ therto assigned A gret part of Numidy of the Getulians vnto a flode named MuluchaÌ„ was vnder the dominioÌ„ of Iugurth Ouer al the MauriaÌ„s raigned one kinge named Bocchus of whoÌ„ the RomaiÌ„s had no knowledge saue of his name only And before this bataile he was nother in peace nor in war acquainted nor knoweÌ„ of the Romains Of Affrik of thinhabitauÌ„tes of the same ynough is spoken
as muche as is requisite of necessite to the processe of this hystory Nowe wyll I make regression and prosecute my first purposed mater insuing mine authour Salust ¶ Howe Iugurth inuaded the kingdome of Adherball yet ones agayne and howe Adherball agayne was ouercome in batayle and put to flyght The .xiii. Chapter AFter the embassadours of Rome of whom I haue spokeÌ„ before had deuided the realme of Numidy bytwene Adherbal Iugurth wer departed out of Affricke toward Rome anone Iugurth reuoulued in mynd how he had escaped vnpunished for his crueltie otherwise thaÌ„ his mind feared before And how iÌ„ sted of punishemeÌ„t for his sine he was rewarded with the better part of the land of Numidy Now he considred that al was true which his freÌ„des had told him before whyle he was in Hispaine with the Romayne armie in the war of NumaÌ„ce that is to saye That nothing was so false iniust but that myghte be iustified at Rome for money for all thinge mighte be bought ther for money This coÌ„sideracioÌ„ inhauÌ„ced his mynde vnto esperauÌ„ce that not a litel Forthermore he was inflamed with the large promesses of theÌ„ whom he had acloied before with gyftes rewardes at Rome In somoch that agayne of newe he fixed his mind to inuade vsurpe the kingdoÌ„ of Adherbal by some poynt of prodicioÌ„ to take him in trape as he had done HieÌ„psal his brother Thus Iugurth was fierce sharpe apte to war wel inured with the same expert in feates therof but coÌ„trarely Adherbal whoÌ„ he assaied pursued was a mete maÌ„ oportune to take in iurye more fereful dreding other thaÌ„ to be dread of other Wherefore sodeÌ„ly without any prouisioÌ„ on party of Adherbal Iugurth inuaded the marches of hys kingdoÌ„ with a great power multitud of meÌ„ of armes many of thinhabitaÌ„tes he murdred many toke he prisoners with bestes al other maner of praies robbiÌ„g spoiling euery wher as for as his armie dispersed townes castels other edifices he brente beate downe many other places he assailed inuaded more inwardly iÌ„ the couÌ„trey by excourses of his horsemeÌ„ This done he returned into his couÌ„trey with al his multitude prayes and prisoners supposing the Adherbal moued wyth angre displeasure wold reuenge these iniuryes and the thing shuld be cause and occasion of open war bytwene theÌ„ But Adherbal aduised him selfe wel by remeÌ„brauÌ„ce of his first bataile had with Iugurth that he was not able to coÌ„tend with him in bataile nor with force of armes more ouer he had more confidence and trust in freÌ„dship of the Romains thaÌ„ in the incoÌ„stant NumidyaÌ„ whiche leaned more to his ennemy thaÌ„ to him These thynges coÌ„sidred he send embassadours to Iugurth to coÌ„playne of these iniures But these embassadours had noughte els of him but coÌ„tumelious proud and hastye wordes And so disposed of Iugurth returned agayne to theyr lorde Adherbal though such answers myght haue moued any coragious hert neuerthelesse Adherbal determined in mind to suffer al thiÌ„ges and to take manye in iures pacieÌ„tly rather thaÌ„ againe to begyn bataile wyth Iugurthe For as said is the bataile foughteÌ„ befoore bytwene theÌ„ was both disshonour also great daÌ„mage But for al this sufferauÌ„ce of Adherbal the mind of Iugurth was not more pacified nor lessed of his cruelte The pacience of Adherbal abated not the ire of Iugurth but it augmeÌ„ted For all redy he had coÌ„cluded in mind to inuade the hole kingdoÌ„ of Numidy Therfore he begaÌ„ againe of new not as before with a coÌ„pany of rouers but with a mighty and gret army asseÌ„bled togither demeaning opeÌ„ war and chalaÌ„ging openly the hole empire of Numidy and with such power proceded into the land of Adherball wasting the townes fyldes on euery syde driuing away praies of catel other riches and increasing corage to his men and dred to his ennemis Whan Adherbal saw it was come to that point that he must nedes other abandoÌ„ and giue ouer his kingdome or els maintayne it with force of armes as he which was coÌ„strayned by extreme necessite he asseÌ„bled empareiled an army aswel as he might with the same proceded forthe to mete Iugurth At last the two hostes of Adherbal of Iugurth approched rested nere togither beside a towne named Cirtha not fer distant from the see coost for asmoch as the day drew nere to night the bataile was not anone begon but either remained in theyr tentes Anone after moch of the night was ouerpassed and the starre lyght some what dimmed with obscurite of cloudes The soudiours of Iugurth raysed by the sound of trumpettes vnwarly sodenly inuaded and assailed the tentes and felde of Adherbal some they murdrâ—â— halfe slepinge and some other they slewe whyle they were in hand to arme them selfe On the part of Adherball was pityful murdre and on Iugurthes syde no mercy but obstinate persecucioÌ„ and vengeauÌ„ce so fiersly fought Iugurth his coÌ„panye the shortly Adherball fled to the towne of Cirtha acompaned with a few horsemeÌ„ But Iugurth pursued him so nerely that if the inhabitaÌ„tes of the towne of Cirtha in hast and with great multitude had not receyued Adherbal and with force of armes defended the walles and kept forth the soudiours of Iugurth whiche persued Adherbal the bataile bitwene theÌ„ both shulde haue begoÌ„ and ended that same daye and the to destruction of Adherbal But Iugurth perceiuinge the entre into the towne denied to him a none beseged it on euerye side with al maner ingines inuasiue to his ennemies defeÌ„siue to his coÌ„pany he caused hastely to be framed large pauaises and towers of timbre to be driuen vpoÌ„ whelis toward the walles of the towne And with these al maner other ingins wente in hand fiersly to assayle the towne somoch more hastely he sped him to thinteÌ„t to bring his purpose to effect before any embassadours shulde come froÌ„ Rome to resist his enterprise For asmoch as before this bataile he herd that Adherbal had seÌ„d embassadours to Rome to certifie the senatours of his miserable state ¶ How the fauourers of Iugurth at Rome laboured so in his cause that thre yong me inexperte without policy were send embassadours into Affâ—ike to cesse this strife bitwene the two kinges how these embassadours retourned to Rome without any thing done The .xiiii. Chap. BVt after Senatours at Rome herd tidinges of this battel they send into Affrike thre yonge gentilmeÌ„ embassad coÌ„maunding them to go to both the kinges to coÌ„maund theÌ„ in behalfe of the Senatours and of the hole people of Rome to cesse theyr warre and to shewe them that the senate and Romains wylled and vtterly commaunded them so to do And so doing they shulde do as it semed them and as of congruence they ought to do bothe for pleasure of the Romains and for theyr owne honour profite The embassadours with suche
friendes of the commen welth nowe I exhorte you for complement of all your honorable fame to remembre your old accostomed worthynes and suffer not thys excellente honour and glory whiche ye haue now optayned by boldenes to be quenched and decaye againe by ignominious cowardyse ¶ With such wordes many other like Metellus recōforted his cōpaynie and maruelousely kindled their corage to the desire of honour by valiant feates of armes But in the meane season the knowen gyle of Iugurthe went not frō his mynd therfore to exclude al danger of tresō he fente certaine of the Numidiās which betraying Iugurth had forsaken him fled to the Romains and also wyth them he sente forthe diuerse other of hys owne companie whiche were expert of the cuntrey and oportune to suche businesse to serche and espie amonge what people or in what place Iugurth helde hym selfe and wherein he was occupyed Whether he kepte hym with a smal company or whether he hadde an army reassembled for a newe batayle and how he behaued him selfe and where about he went sythe he was ouercome But Iugurth had conuaied him selfe into suche places as were ful of dyches valeis hylles trees bushes and dales defended of nature And there had he assembled agayne a newe armie of men mo in numbre than he had before But they were but vncrafty inexpert and dul to bataile and could better tyll the ground and kepe beastes then exercise the dedes of chiualrie For therto had they neuer ben vsed before but in the other seruyle occupacions and businesses had they ben occupied al their lyfe tyme without intermixtion of other occupacion It fortuned that Iugurth had non other souldiors but suche rurall people aboute hym at thys tyme namelye for this cause For whan he fled from the bataile foughten before with Metellus none of all his souldiors folowed hym except the horsemen of his gard For al the other souldiors departed where it lyked them best Nor this is not counted nor reputed for any fault or rebuke among the Numidian souldiours For suche is the costume of the cuntrey whan the captaine fleeth the hoste forsaketh hym ¶ What waste and destruccion Metellus made in the lande of Numidye after this fyrst batayle and flyght of Iugurth and of the gyle of Iugurth agaynste Metellus The .xxvi. Chapter WHan Metellus vnderstode by his espyes that the mynd of Iugurth cōtinued yet styl in his olde fiersenes crueltie thoughe he was lately ouercome in bataile And whan Metellus sawe that Iugurth renewed the warre againe and prepared a new bataile which could not be done but at the pleasure of Iugurthe bicause he had taken suche a place to abyde in that no man coulde conueniently contende with hym for difficultie thereof Metellus this knowing aduised himselfe of many thinges Namely he considred that they were not indifferēt and egall on both parties in executyng therof For al if that he had the vpper hand ouer Iugurth and had put him to flight yet lost he mo men and had more damage in ouercomyng hym then Iugurth had which was ouercome For this cōsideracion Metellus purposed no more to contend with him in plaine fildes nor in ordred bataile but by an other maner to execute war with him from thence forthe This determined Metellus with his hole host and ordinaunce went forth into the moste ryche and plentefull places of all Numidye and there wasted and destroied the fieldes and contrey on euerye side He toke without any resistence castles and townes not strongly defended with walles dyches nor garnyson And brente and beate them downe to the grounde All suche as came in his waye and were able to beare harnesse full growen to age and apte to batayle he slew and rydde out of hand Thinkyng that the mo he slew the fewer aduersaries and ennemies shulde he haue to contende againste hym He commaunded his souldiors to spare no robbery nor prayes but gaue all thynge hauocke amonge his souldiours ¶ For feare of this crueltie many of the Numidyens yelded themselfe to the Romains and gaue vnto them hostages vytaile soldyours and all other thinges necessary abundauntly In some townes whiche were taken Metellus sette defence and garnison where nede requyred and fortified them sufficiently This besinesse troubled the mind of Iugurth muche more than the bataile that was foughten before to his great damage and disconfort of his men For he lost more people by this way than by any other meane before Thus Iugurth whiche before put all his hope and trust in his flyght was nowe of necessite compelled to folowe and pursue his ennemies and he whiche could not defende his owne places whiche styll remianed in his possession was constrained nowe to warre in those coostes which Metellus had wonne of him to recouer them if fortune wolde suffre him Neuertheles of suche poore shyft and counsel as he had he toke the best which could be taken by his aduyse in such extreme necessite He commaūded his army for the most part to remayne styll in the same place where they were And he himselfe with a cōpany of horsemen whiche wer bolde and chosen men ensued Metellus priuely making his iourneis by night tyme by biwaies secrete valeys And at last sodeinly of vnwares he fel vpon a part of the Romaines which were dispersed abrode frō the host in foraging and spoyling Many of thē without armour wer slaine many takē None of thē al scaped clen nor fre without dāmage but ether wer slaine or els sore woūded Whē Iugurth had done this skirmy she anone he withdrue him selfe his cōpany into the hyls mountaines next to thē before anye socours or rescous myght come from Metellus to reuenge their treason and deathe of the Romaynes ¶ Of the great ioye that was demeaned at Rome for thys worthy behaue our of Metellus and how he guided hym selfe and hys army to contynue and augment this honour which he had gotten The .xxxiiii. Chapter WHile Metellus and Iugurthe striued thus together the one with manhode wisedom strēgth the other with treason crafte and gyle tydings were brought to Rome of this noble behaueour of Metellus Ouer all the citie was demeaned great ioye and gladnes for that Metellus behaued himself and gyded his army acordyng to the maner and ordinance of olde noble capitains of the Romains before his days And how be it he was in place aduerse contrary to him yet had he the vpper hande of his ennemies as victorie ouer thē And by his strength manhod he had in possession the countrey of his ennemies and had driuen thē from place to place Al these things cōsidred they much reioyced greatly cōmended Metellus namely for that he had caused Iugurth to put his trust of helth only in fleyng into the moūtaines wildernes which before was magnificent and proud by the feare cowardise of Aulus predecessor of Metellus Wherfore for these fortunat glorious dedes of Metellus the Senatours decreed