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A54191 A perswasive to moderation to dissenting Christians in prudence and conscience humbly submitted to the King and his great council by one of the humblest and most dutiful of his dissenting subjects. Penn, William, 1644-1718. 1685 (1685) Wing P1337A; ESTC R28423 35,496 61

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maintain the Monarchy and Church against the Ambition and Faction of divers dissenting Parties But this is improbable at least For it were to say That it is an easier thing to change a whole Kingdom than with the Soveraign Power followed with Armies Navies Judges Clergy and all the Conformists of the Kingdom to secure the Government from the Ambition and Faction of Dissenters as differing in their Interests within themselves as in their Perswasions and 〈◊〉 they united have neither Power to awe nor Rewards to allure to their Party They can only be formidable when headed by the Soveraign They may stop a Gap or make by his Accession a Ballance Otherwise till 't is harder to fight broken and divided Troops than an entire Body of an Army it will be always easier to maintain the Government under a Toleration of Dissenters than in a total change of Religion and even then it self it has not fail'd to have been preserved But whether it be more or less easie is not our point if they are many the danger is of exasperating not of making them easie for the force of our Question is Whether such Indulgence be safe to the State And here we have the first and last the best and greatest Evidence for us which is Fact and Experience the Journal and Resolves of Time and Treasure of the Sage For First the Iews that had most to say for their Religion and whose Religion was Twin to their State both being joyn'd and sent with Wonders from Heaven Indulg'd Strangers in their Religious Dissents They requir'd but the belief of the Noachical Principles which were common to the World No Idolator and but a Moral Man and he had his Liberty ay and some Priviledges too for he had an apartment in the Temple and this without danger to the Government Thus Maimonides and others of their own Rabbles and Grotius out of them The Wisdom of the Gentiles was very admireable in this that though they had many Sects of Philosophers among them each dissenting from the other in their Principles as well as Discipline and that not only in Physical things but points Metaphysical in which some of the Fathers were not free the School-men deeply engaged and our present Accademies but too much perplext yet they indulged them and the best Livers with singular Kindness The greatest Statesmen and Captains often becoming Patrons of the Sects they best affected honouring their Readings with their Presence and Applause So far were those Ages which we have made as the original of Wisdom and Politeness from thinking Toleration an Error of State or dangerous to the Government Thus Plutrach Strabo Laertius and others To these Instances I may add the Latitude of old Rome that had almost as many Deities as Houses For Varro tells us of no less than thirty Thousand several Sacra or Religious Rites among her People and yet without a Quarrel Unhappy fate of Christianity the best of Religions and yet her Professors maintain less Charity than Idolators while it should be peculiar to them I fear it shews us to have but little of it at Heart But nearer home and in our own time we see the effects of a discret Indulgence even too Emulation Holland that Bogg of the World neither Sea nor dry Land now the Rival of tallest Monarchs not by Conquests Marriages or accession of Royal Blood the usual wayes to Empire but by her own superlative Clemency and Industry for the one was the effect of the other She cherisht her People whatsoever were their Opinions as the reasonable stock of the Country the Heads and Hands of her Trade and Wealth and making them easie in the main point their Conscience she became great by them This made her fill with People and they fill'd her with Riches and Strength And if it should be said She is upon her Declension for all that I Answer All States must know it nothing is here Immortal Where are the Babylonian Persian and Grecian Empires And are not Lacedemon Athens Rome and Carthage gone before her Kingdoms and Common-Wealths have their Births and Growths their Declensions and Deaths as well as private Families and Persons But 't is owing neither to the Armies of France nor Navies of England but her own Domestick Troubles Seventy Two sticks in her Bones yet The growing Power of the Prince of Orange must in some degree be an Ebb to that States Strength for they are not so unanimous and vigrous in their Interest as formerly But were they secure against the danger of their own Ambition and Jealousie any body might ensure their Glory at five per Cent. But some of their greatest men apprehending they are in their Climacterical Juncture give up the Ghost and care not if they must fall by what hand it is Others chuse a Stranger and think one afar off will give the best Terms and least annoy them whilest a considerable Party have chosen a Domestick Prince a Kin to their early Successes by the fore-Father's side the Gallantry of his Ancestors And that his own greatness and security are wrapt up in theirs and therefore modestly hope to find their Account in his Prosperity But this is a kind of Digresgression only before I leave it I dare venture to add that if the Prince of Orange changes not the Policies of that State he will not change her Fortune and he will mightily add to his own But perhaps I shall be told That no body doubts that Toleration is an agreeable thing to a Common-Wealth where every one thinks he has a share in the Government ay that the one is the consequence of the other and therefore most carefully to be avoided by all Monarchical States This indeed were shrowdly to the purpose in England if it were but true But I don't see how there can be one true Reason advanc'd in favour of this Objection Monarchies as well as Common-Wealths subsisting by the Preservation of the People under them But First if this were true it would follow by the Rule of Contraries that a Republick could not subsist with Vnity and Hierarchy which is Monarchy in the Church but it must from such Monarchy in Church come to Monarchy in State too But Venice Genova Lucca seven of the Cantons of Switzerland and Rome her self for she is an Aristocracy all under the the loftiest Hierarchy in Church and where is no Toleration show in fact that the contrary is true But Secondly this Objection makes a Common-Wealth the better Government of the two and so overthrows the thing it would establish This is effectually done if I know any thing since a Common-Wealth is hereby rendred a more copious powerful and beneficial Government to Mankind and is made better to answer Contingencies and Emergencies of State because this subsists either way but Monarchy not if the Objection be true The one prospers by Vnion in Worship and Discipline and by Toleration of dissenting Churches from the National The other only by