Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	little_a	sea_n	see_v	1,312	5	3.4874	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A44885	A learned treatise of globes, both cœlestiall and terrestriall with their several uses / written first in Latine, by Mr. Robert Hues, and by him so published ; afterward illustrated with notes by Jo. Isa. Pontanus ; and now lastly made English ... by John Chilmead ...; Tractatus de globis et eorum usu. English	Hues, Robert, 1553-1632.; Chilmead, Edmund, 1610-1654.; Pontanus, Johannes Isacius, 1571-1639.; Molyneux, Emery.	1659 (1659)	Wing H3298; ESTC R1097	145,949	311

a Cubic all and some a Pyramidall forme yet this opinion of it's Roundnesse with greatest consent of reason at length prevailed the rest being all exploded Now wee affirme it to be round yet so as that wee also admit of it's inequalities by reason of those so great eminences of hills and depression of vallies Eratosthenes as hee is cited by Strabo in his first book saith that the fashion of the Earth is like that of a Globe not so exactly round as an artificiall Globe is but that it hath certain inequalities The earth cannot be said to be of an exact orbicular forme by reason of somany high hilles and low plaines as Pliny rightly observes And Strabo also in his first book of his Geography saith that the Earth and the water together make up one sphaericall body not of so exact a forme as that of the Heavens although not much unlike it This assertion of the roundnesse of the Earth with the intervening Sea is confirmed also by these reasons For first that it is round from East to West is proved by the Sun Moon and the other Stars which are seen to rise and set first with those that inhabit more Eastwardly and afterward with them that are farther West The Sun riseth with the Persians that dwell in the Easterne parts foure hours soonner then it doth with those that dwell in Spaine more Westward as Cleomedes affirmes The same is also proved by the observing of Eclipses especially those of the Moon which although they happen at the same time are not yet observed in all places at the same houre of the day or night but the hour of their appearing is later with them that inhabite Eastward then it is with the more Westerne people An Eclipse of the Moon which Ptolomy reports lib. 1 Geogr. cap. 4. To have been seen in Arbela a town in Assyria at the fift houre of the night the same was observed at Carthage at the second houre In like manner an Eclipse of the Sun which was observed in Campania to be betwixt 7. and 8. of the Clock was seen by Co●…bulo a Captain in Armenia betwixt 10●… and 11. as it is related by Pliny Now that it is also of a sphaericall figure from North to South may be clearly demonstrated by the risings settings elevations and depressions of the Stars and Poles The bright Star that shines so resplendently in the upper part of the sterne of the Ship Argo and is called by the Greeeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is scarcely to bee seen at all in Rhodes unlesse it bee from some eminent high place yet the same is seen very plainly in Alexandria as being elevated above the Horizon about the fourth part of a signe as Proclus affirms in the end of his book de Sphaera For I read it Conspicuè cernitur not as it is commonly Prorsus non cernitur notwithst anding that both the Greek text and also the Latine translation are against it Another argument may bee taken from the figure of the shadow in the Eclipse of the Moon caused by the interposition of the Earths opacous body Which shadow being Sphaericall cannot proceed from any other then a round Globous body as it is demonstrated unto us out of Opticall principles But this one reason is beyond all exception that those that make toward the Land at the Sea shal first of all descry the tops of the hilles onely a●…d afterwards as they draw nearer to shore they see the lower parts of the same by little and little Which cannot proceed from any other cause then the gibbosity of the Earths superficies As for those other opinions of the hollow Cubicall Pyramidall and plaine figure of the Earth you have them all largely examined both in Theon Ptolomies Interpreter Cleomedes and almost in all our ordinary Authours of the Sphaere together with the reasons why they are rejected Yet that old conceit of the plainnesse of the Earths superficies is again now at last tanquam Crambe recocta set forth in a new dresse and thrust upon us by Franciscus Patricius who by some few eold arguments and misunderstood experiments endeavours to confirme his own and consequently to overthrow that other received opinion of the sphaericall figure of the Earth I shall onely lightly touch at his chiefest arguments my present purpose and intention suffering mce not to insist long on the confutation of them And f●…rst of all the great beight of Hills and the depression of vallies so much disagreeing from the evennesse of the plain parts of the Earth scem to make very much against the roundnesse of the Earth Who can hear with patience saith hee that those huge high mountains of Norway or the mountaine Slotus which lies under the Pole and is the highest in the world should yet be thought to have the same superficies with ●…he Sealying beneath it This therefore being the chiefest reason that m●…y seem to overthrow the opinion of the Earth and Seas making up one sphaericall body let us examine it a little more nearly and consider how great this inequality may bee that seems to make so much against the evennessc of this Yerrestitall Globe Many strange and almost incredible things are reported by Aristotle Mela Pliny and Solinu●… of the unusuall height of Atho●… an Hill in Macedonia and of Casius in Syria as also of another of the same name in Arabia and of the monntaine Caucasus And among the rest one of the most miraculous things which they have observed of the mountain Athos is that whereas it is situate in Macedony it casts a shadow into the market place at Myrrhina a Town in the Island Lemnos from whence Athos is distant 86. miles But for as much as Athos lies Westward from Lemnos as may appeare out of Ptolomies Tables no marvail that it casts so large a shadow seeing that wee may observe by dayly experience that as well when the Sunriseth as when it sets the shadowes are always extraordinary long But that which Pliny and Solinus report of the same mountain I should rather account among the rest of their fabulous Stories where as they affirm it to be so high that it is thought to be above that region of the aire whence the rain is wont to fall And this opinion say they was first grounded upon a report that there goes that the ashes which are left upon the Altars on the top of this hill are never washed away but are found remaining in heapes upon the same To this may be added another testimony out of the Excerpts of the seventh booke of Strabo where it is said that those that inhabite the top of this mountain do see the Sun three hours sooner then those that live neare the Sea side The height of the mount●…in Caucasus is in like manner celebrated by Aris●…otle the top whereof is enlightned by the Suns b●…ames the third part of the night both morning and evening No lesle fabulous is that which is reported

Mela also after him This vast Island of the whole Earth they would have to be terminated on the North side with the frozen Sea which is called by Dionysius Mare Saturninum and M●…rtuum ●…n the East with the Eastern Sea which is also called Mare Se●… on the South with the Red Sea whi●…h Ptolomy calleth the Indian Sea and The AEthyopian and on the West with the Atlantick Ocean Out of this Ocean also there are foure particular gulfes as the Ancient Geographers conceived which embosomed themselves into the maine land Two of which derived their course out of the Erythraean or Red Sea to wit the Persian and Arabian gulfes From the West there is sent out of the Atlantick Ocean a vast gulfe which is called the Mediterranean Sea And out of the North they would have the Scythian Ocean to send in the Caspian Sea which is shut in almost on every side with high craggy rocks from whence the streames flow with su●…h violence that when they are come to the very fall they cast forth their water so farr into the Sea without so much as once touching upon the shore that the ground is left dry and passable for whole Armies under the banks the streames in the meane time being carried over t●…r head●…s as it is reported by Eudoxus in Strabo This Sea both Strabo Pliny Mela ●…nd Solinus will have to come out of the Scythian Ocean as we have said But this e●…rour of theirs b●…sides the experience of these later times is manifestly convinced by this one testimony of Antiquity which is that the water of this Sea is found to be fre●…h and sweet as was first observed by Alexander the Great and afterwards by Pompey as M. Varro in Solinus t●…stifieth who at that ●…ime himselfe served under Ptompey in his Warrs And this is the chiefest reason which Polycletus in Strabo●…lledged ●…lledged for the proofe of the same Now all this tract of land the Ancients devided at first into two parts only namely Asia and Europe to which succeeding times a●…ded a third which they call Africa and sometimes also Lybia And of these Asia is the greatest Africa the next but Europe the last of all according as Ptolomy determines it in the 7. book of his Geography Europe is divided on the East from Asia by the AEgaean Sea which is now called the Archipelago and the Euxine Sea which was at first as Strato in Strabo tho●…ght encompassed about on all sides in manner of a great lake till at last by the great accession of other River●… and waters it so farr encreased as that the banks being unable to containe it it violently made it's way into the Propontis and the Hellespont The Euxine Sea is now called Mare Maggiore It is also bounded on the same side by the like of Maeotis now called Mare dellezahacche the River Tanais commonly called Don and the Meridian which extends it selfe from thence to the Scythian or Frozen Sea On all other sides it is encompassed with the Sea For toward the South it is divided from Africa by the Straits of Gibraltar and part of the Mediterranean Sea The length of these 〈◊〉 is according to Strabo and Pliny 120. fu●…longs and the bredth of it according to the same Strabo 70. surlongs But Mela would have it to be 10. miles that is to say 80. Furlongs T. Livius and Cornelius Nep●…s make the latitude of it to be in the broadest place 10. miles or 80. furlongs and where it is narrowest 7. miles or 56. furlongs But Turannius Graccula who as Pliny reports was borne about those parts accounted it to be from Mellaria a town in Spaine unto that Premontory in Africa which is called Promontorium Album but 5. miles in all that is 40. Furlongs Eratosthenes was of opinion that Europe was sometime joyned to the Continent of Africa and it is reported by Pliny that the inhabitants of those parts have a Tradition that the Isthmus or neck of the land by which Europe and Africa were joyned together was cut through by Hercules Europe is terminated on the West with the Atlantick Ocean and on the North with the British Germane and frozen Seas PONT This Northern part of Europe began first to be discovered and known to the world in the raign or rather through the meanes and by the direction of Augustus Caesar. For as Pliny saith lib. 2. cap. 76. Septentrionalis Oceanus majore ex parte navigatus est c. The Northern Ocean for the greatest part was first searched by Augustus Coesar who sent forth a Navy which passing all along the Coasts of Germany came so far as the Promontory of the Cimbrians and thence passing on through a vast Sea which they h●…d only heard of before they went as far as the Coasts of Scythia In which place Pliny meaneth those Sea expeditions performed by Tiberius and Drusus Germanicus but especially that of Drusus as may appeare by those words of Tacitus where he saith thus Ipsum quin●…tiam Oceanum illa tentavimu●… c. Wee left not the Ocean unattempted that way also and it is a common fame that Hercules Pillars are yet remaining whether it be true indeed that H●…rcules ever went so ●…ar or else that ●…hat ever Magnificent thing is any where to be found we all conspire un●…nimusly to honour him therewith Neither was there wanting courage for the attempt to Drusus Germanicus only the Ocean would not suffer it self nor Hercules to be sarther inquired into After this no man att●…mpted it and is was thought a greater poynt of reverence and religion to believe the Actions of the gods then to know 〈◊〉 Thus he Now before this time all this tract of land lying towards the North the Romans called Novus Orbis Ignotus Orbis the new and unknown world as I remember I have seen it in a certain Elegy of Albinovus upon the death of the same 〈◊〉 And the Promontory of the Cimbria●…s which 〈◊〉 speakes of is now called Scagen and is the most northern point of Denmarke And as concerning these Pillars of Hercules mentioned by Tacitus Hadrianus Junius who sometimes saw these coasts r●…ferreth the same to that high rock or Promontory in Scandinavia Junius hath it No●…vegia but not rightly which is at this day called Col bath by the Natives and our Mariners also For in this place they have a superstitious custome that as Strabo reportes of the Gad tane Pilla●…s when any ships had arrived there as if they had attained the end of their labours and travaile they forthwith sacrificed to Hercules in like manner in this place they have a custome that if they have fresh men that never sailed tbose Northern Seas before they have certain Ceremonies with which they use to make them free of the Sea as I my self once saw done sailing by this Promontory for they ta●…k and bind them to the Mast of the ship and then taking the scoope and filling it with Sea water they make as it