contradictio_fw-la in_o adjecto_fw-la a_o imparity_n in_o a_o parity_n three_o if_o the_o husband_n be_v ennoble_v the_o wife_n must_v be_v so_o but_o the_o wife_n of_o a_o bishop_n be_v not_o ennoble_v therefore_o the_o person_n of_o her_o husband_n be_v not_o for_o the_o wife_n and_o the_o husband_n be_v one_o four_o if_o a_o bishop_n be_v a_o peer_n he_o can_v in_o parliament_n time_n be_v try_v no_o where_o but_o in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n but_o matter_n of_o fact_n we_o find_v to_o be_v otherwise_o therefore_o i_o think_v i_o may_v safe_o conclude_v that_o bishop_n be_v no_o peer_n but_o before_o i_o leave_v this_o point_n i_o must_v answer_v one_o thing_n which_o be_v say_v they_o say_v they_o hold_v by_o baronage_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v baron_n as_o fitz_n stephen_n make_v the_o bishop_n in_o their_o altercation_n with_o the_o temporal_a lord_n about_o the_o pronunciation_n of_o the_o sentence_n against_o the_o archbishop_n say_v non_fw-la sedemus_fw-la hic_fw-la episcopi_fw-la say_v barones_n nos_n barones_n &_o vos_fw-fr barones_n pares_fw-la hic_fw-la sumus_fw-la we_o sit_v not_o here_o in_o parliament_n as_o bishop_n but_o as_o baron_n we_o be_v baron_n and_o you_o be_v baron_n here_o we_o be_v peer_n fitz-stephen_n authority_n signify_v nothing_o to_o i_o but_o this_o i_o know_v be_v say_v and_o believe_v by_o many_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v answer_v to_o disabuse_v many_o who_o may_v think_v that_o hold_v by_o barony_n create_v a_o baron_n which_o it_o do_v no_o more_o than_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n make_v a_o man_n a_o knight_n or_o hold_v by_o villanage_n make_v a_o man_n a_o villain_n which_o many_o do_v to_o this_o day_n even_o but_o here_o at_o east-barnet_n and_o yet_o be_v good_a freeman_n and_o no_o villain_n for_o it_o work_v not_o upon_o the_o person_n as_o fleta_n say_v l._n 3._o c._n 13._o the_o service_n they_o do_v be_v ratione_fw-la tenementi_fw-la non_fw-la personae_fw-la so_o the_o bishop_n hold_v per_fw-la baronagium_fw-la be_v thereby_o make_v subject_a to_o do_v the_o service_n of_o baron_n and_o to_o obey_v the_o king_n write_v of_o summons_n to_o attend_v the_o parliament_n which_o make_v they_o lord_n of_o parliament_n but_o affect_v not_o their_o person_n the_o bishop_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n be_v a_o bishop_n as_o well_o as_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n first_o institute_v by_o pope_n gregory_n the_o four_o as_o sir_n edward_n cook_n say_v but_o not_o hold_v by_o baronage_n have_v no_o place_n nor_o vote_n in_o parliament_n we_o must_v know_v that_o this_o tenure_n by_o baronage_n be_v first_o create_v by_o william_n the_o first_o of_o all_o the_o land_n which_o hold_v of_o the_o crown_n in_o capite_fw-la consist_v of_o so_o many_o knight_n fee_n these_o land_n be_v divide_v some_o to_o layman_n some_o to_o ecclesiastical_a person_n and_o these_o be_v all_o bind_v to_o certain_a service_n though_o not_o all_o to_o the_o same_o and_o among_o other_o all_o to_o attend_v in_o parliament_n whenever_o the_o king_n please_v to_o summon_v they_o and_o so_o become_v lord_n of_o parliament_n this_o continue_a so_o till_o king_n john_n time_n when_o the_o number_n of_o the_o temporal_a lord_n grow_v so_o great_a and_o numerous_a that_o king_n make_v some_o alteration_n which_o certain_o be_v settle_v and_o confirm_v by_o parliament_n but_o just_o the_o time_n when_o this_o be_v do_v be_v not_o know_v the_o record_n of_o it_o be_v lose_v the_o alteration_n be_v that_o none_o of_o the_o temporal_a lord_n shall_v come_v to_o parliament_n but_o such_o as_o receive_v the_o king_n writ_n a_o particular_a summons_n for_o it_o these_o be_v call_v barones_n majores_fw-la those_o who_o be_v not_o so_o summon_v and_o so_o do_v not_o come_v to_o parliament_n be_v style_v barones_n minores_fw-la and_o be_v still_o feodal_n baron_n as_o before_o and_o hold_v their_o land_n per_fw-la baronagium_fw-la but_o be_v not_o lord_n of_o parliament_n therefore_o it_o be_v not_o bare_o hold_v by_o barony_n which_o make_v the_o person_n a_o baron_n even_o in_o those_o time_n there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o king_n requisite_a even_o in_o the_o summon_v of_o he_o to_o parliament_n to_o make_v that_o honour_n to_o affect_v and_o ennoble_v the_o person_n and_o so_o to_o fix_v it_o and_o make_v it_o hereditary_a in_o the_o family_n which_o way_n of_o dignify_n a_o person_n continue_v till_o the_o eleven_o year_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o when_o john_n de_fw-fr beauchamp_n steward_n of_o the_o household_n be_v first_o create_v by_o patent_n baron_n of_o kiderminster_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v still_o be_v practise_v to_o make_v they_o all_o baron_n by_o patent_n but_o the_o bishop_n have_v still_o continue_v upon_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o be_v by_o their_o tenor_n oblige_v and_o according_o summon_v to_o attend_v in_o parliament_n which_o make_v they_o lord_n of_o parliament_n but_o not_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o now_o i_o come_v to_o his_o last_o point_n make_v they_o a_o three_o estate_n for_o which_o he_o cite_v the_o bill_n present_v to_o richard_n the_o three_o in_o his_o first_o parliament_n where_o they_o be_v make_v so_o and_o to_o this_o i_o can_v oppose_v other_o passage_n in_o parliament_n clean_o contrary_a as_o that_o 2_o h._n 4._o where_o the_o temporal_a lord_n and_o they_o together_o be_v make_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n and_o other_o instance_n may_v be_v give_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o let_v we_o a_o little_a consider_v how_o that_o bill_n be_v frame_v 1_o r._n 3._o it_o be_v first_o devise_v by_o certain_a lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o other_o noble_n and_o notable_a personage_n of_o the_o commons_o a_o party_n pick_v out_o and_o choose_v for_o that_o purpose_n who_o present_v it_o in_o the_o behalf_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o what_o be_v this_o to_o do_v to_o declare_v edward_n the_o four_o to_o have_v live_v in_o adultery_n with_o dame_n elizabeth_n grace_n who_o he_o have_v marry_v be_v precontract_v to_o dame_n ellianor_n bottile_o daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n and_o consequent_o all_o his_o child_n bastard_n edward_n the_o five_o a_o bastard_n and_o elizabeth_z his_o sister_n a_o bastard_n afterward_o marry_v to_o henry_n the_o seven_o which_o entitle_v he_o and_o his_o posterity_n to_o the_o crown_n set_v a_o end_n to_o all_o the_o forego_n competition_n and_o settle_v it_o as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n this_o bill_n as_o the_o record_n say_v be_v first_o present_v and_o deliver_v to_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n that_o be_v to_o r._n 3._o who_o they_o make_v so_o in_o the_o name_n and_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o say_v three_o estate_n out_o of_o parliament_n and_o now_o by_o the_o say_v three_o estate_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n ratify_v and_o confirm_v and_o true_o i_o must_v say_v this_o be_v not_o a_o authority_n to_o be_v brag_v of_o for_o make_v the_o bishop_n a_o three_o estate_n but_o then_o let_v we_o see_v if_o the_o bishop_n sit_v in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n have_v the_o necessary_a and_o essential_a qualification_n of_o be_v a_o three_o estate_n in_o parliament_n without_o which_o they_o can_v be_v a_o three_o estate_n there_o that_o the_o clergy_n be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o they_o the_o principal_a and_o chief_a of_o they_o no_o body_n deny_v and_o that_o they_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n as_o a_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o dignify_a clergy_n personal_o other_o of_o the_o inferior_a sort_n by_o their_o procurator_n and_o representative_n be_v likewise_o confess_v but_o not_o to_o have_v any_o part_n in_o make_v of_o law_n for_o the_o good_a government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o in_o matter_n mere_o concern_v the_o church_n but_o they_o may_v offer_v and_o propose_v and_o be_v consult_v with_o but_o whatever_o they_o agree_v upon_o must_v come_v to_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o receive_v the_o stamp_n of_o their_o authority_n before_o it_o can_v be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n to_o become_v a_o law_n and_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o people_n this_o be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o convocation_n which_o meet_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o the_o parliament_n and_o there_o be_v convene_v the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n where_o the_o bishop_n make_v the_o upper_a house_n and_o there_o sit_v as_o bishop_n according_a to_o their_o spirituality_n but_o their_o summons_n give_v they_o another_o capacity_n which_o be_v to_o meet_v in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n and_o there_o cum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la regni_fw-la de_fw-la arduis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la statum_n regni_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la
have_v then_o make_v his_o appeal_n neither_o to_o speak_v my_o mind_n free_o can_v i_o see_v how_o he_o can_v be_v accuse_v of_o treason_n for_o who_o be_v the_o accuser_n the_o king_n can_v not_o because_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o person_n no_o averment_n can_v be_v make_v against_o he_o neither_o can_v any_o man_n be_v try_v but_o by_o his_o peer_n now_o we_o hear_v of_o no_o article_n exhibit_v no_o jury_n summon_v nor_o no_o legal_a proceed_n in_o case_n it_o have_v be_v a_o parliament_n for_o though_o mag._n charta_n be_v not_o so_o perfect_a as_o in_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n yet_o all_o historian_n agree_v it_o be_v grant_v in_o henry_n the_o first_o be_v time_n of_o the_o chief_a point_n whereof_o stephen_n langton_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n bring_v a_o copy_n into_o 240._o the_o parliament_n in_o king_n john_n time_n a_o worthy_a prelate_n he_o be_v though_o a_o italian_a though_o it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n before_o and_o though_o the_o council_n of_o the_o king_n may_v in_o some_o misdemeanour_n proceed_v arbitrary_o yet_o in_o treason_n they_o can_v not_o as_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o mr._n selden_n priu._n of_o bar._n ca._n 4._o pa._n 10._o but_o they_o 10._o be_v in_o those_o case_n to_o be_v try_v by_o their_o equal_n co._n 2._o inst._n pag._n 50._o tell_v you_o it_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o william_n the_o first_o give_v you_o a_o example_n of_o roger_n earl_n of_o hereford_n so_o try_v in_o his_o time_n but_o we_o have_v not_o yet_o do_v with_o fitz-stephens_n for_o our_o author_n tell_v you_o that_o the_o king_n upon_o the_o proud_a 40._o answer_n of_o becket_n charge_v the_o bishop_n that_o together_o with_o the_o baron_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o allegiance_n they_o will_v give_v judgement_n upon_o the_o archbishop_n they_o excuse_v themselves_o the_o king_n press_v they_o fitz-steph_n word_n be_v rex_fw-la responso_fw-la archiep_n accepto_fw-la instat_fw-la episcopis_fw-la praecipiens_fw-la &_o obtestans_fw-la per_fw-la homagium_fw-la &_o fidelitatem_fw-la sibi_fw-la debitam_fw-la &_o juratam_fw-la ut_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la baronibus_fw-la de_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la sibi_fw-la dictent_fw-la sententiam_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o he_o translate_v that_o the_o bishop_n together_o with_o the_o baron_n will_v give_v judgement_n upon_o the_o archbishop_n this_o appear_v to_o be_v after_o his_o appeal_n when_o the_o give_v of_o judgement_n or_o meddle_v far_o in_o the_o business_n be_v refuse_v beside_o the_o undue_a translation_n of_o the_o word_n which_o signify_v no_o more_o but_o the_o desire_n of_o the_o king_n that_o they_o will_v tell_v he_o their_o opinion_n touch_v the_o archbishop_n i_o wish_v he_o will_v give_v i_o any_o good_a authority_n where_o dictare_fw-la regi_fw-la sententiam_fw-la for_o sibi_fw-la here_o be_v the_o same_o can_v signify_v give_v judgement_n upon_o a_o criminal_a as_o he_o translate_v they_o i_o know_v very_o well_o that_o dictare_fw-la judicium_fw-la may_v be_v take_v to_o deliver_v any_o sentence_n leisurely_o linw._n lib._n 3._o ne_fw-fr cler._n vel_fw-la mon._n where_o it_o be_v all_o one_o with_o dicere_fw-la or_o suggerere_fw-la sententiam_fw-la beside_o no_o such_o sense_n can_v be_v affix_v to_o these_o word_n for_o the_o king_n question_n refer_v to_o they_o all_o in_o general_n but_o certain_o the_o king_n do_v not_o mean_a they_o shall_v all_o pronounce_v sentence_n but_o only_o private_o tell_v he_o their_o thought_n yet_o from_o hence_o will_v our_o author_n infer_v that_o this_o be_v a_o parliament_n and_o that_o the_o bishop_n have_v power_n to_o give_v judgement_n in_o criminal_a case_n when_o he_o have_v prove_v neither_o because_o in_o truth_n this_o be_v only_o a_o attempt_n of_o the_o king_n be_v to_o draw_v they_o to_o his_o party_n have_v then_o intention_n to_o send_v to_o rome_n about_o this_o matter_n the_o word_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n which_o he_o speak_v to_o becket_n after_o his_o appeal_n to_o rome_n will_v do_v he_o as_o little_a service_n for_o they_o import_v no_o more_o than_o that_o the_o interdict_v lay_v upon_o he_o and_o the_o rest_n from_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o he_o during_o his_o absence_n hinder_v they_o from_o be_v present_a at_o such_o proceed_n against_o he_o as_o the_o king_n require_v from_o they_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o the_o king_n will_v have_v press_v they_o to_o deliver_v their_o opinion_n whither_o his_o appeal_n be_v treason_n or_o not_o what_o their_o judgement_n will_v have_v be_v no_o man_n know_v if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o parliament_n than_o summons_n must_v have_v be_v send_v out_o for_o his_o appearance_n and_o proceed_n by_o bill_n of_o attainder_n in_o a_o legislative_a way_n not_o arbitrary_a in_o case_n capital_a seld._n pri_fw-la bar._n cap._n 4._o pag._n 10._o as_o before_o note_v he_o close_v this_o head_n of_o discourse_n with_o a_o pretend_a confutation_n of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o tractate_n of_o peerage_n a_o book_n by_o some_o snarl_a at_o but_o by_o none_o answer_v but_o let_v we_o examine_v what_o they_o both_o say_v the_o author_n of_o the_o discourse_n of_o peerage_n tell_v you_o pag._n 14._o and_o back_n what_o he_o say_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o justice_n doddridge_n sir_n edward_n cook_n and_o supra_fw-la mr._n selden_n that_o these_o be_v only_o certain_a recapitulation_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n and_o the_o people_n right_a than_o seek_v to_o be_v infringe_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o clergy_n that_o these_o recapitulation_n be_v avite_n consuetudines_fw-la be_v confess_v and_o that_o that_o canon_n concern_v blood_n be_v as_o ancient_a in_o england_n as_o the_o conquest_n our_o author_n acknowledge_v that_o gervasius_n dorobernensis_n reckon_v this_o article_n among_o the_o law_n then_o establish_v from_o all_o which_o the_o discourser_n of_o peerage_n may_v very_o well_o argue_v that_o which_o be_v a_o custom_n in_o henry_n the_o first_o be_v time_n take_v notice_n and_o allow_v in_o henry_n the_o second_v time_n and_o of_o the_o beginning_n whereof_o there_o be_v no_o memorial_n extant_a nor_o account_n to_o be_v give_v ought_v reasonable_o to_o be_v esteem_v as_o part_v of_o the_o ancient_a custom_n which_o be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n all_o that_o the_o grand_a questionist_n 42_o think_v fit_a to_o reply_v to_o this_o be_v that_o it_o be_v little_a to_o his_o purpose_n because_o this_o clause_n in_o question_n be_v not_o a_o limitation_n of_o their_o power_n but_o a_o privilege_n and_o indulgence_n for_o their_o absence_n that_o this_o fancy_n be_v erroneous_a i_o have_v before_o show_v from_o the_o natural_a sense_n of_o that_o clause_n as_o also_o that_o long_o before_o these_o constitution_n they_o be_v both_o by_o their_o own_o canon_n law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o nation_n prohibit_v from_o be_v present_a in_o case_n and_o consultation_n of_o blood_n and_o that_o themselves_o admit_v not_o only_o the_o liberty_n but_o the_o obligation_n by_o their_o constant_a obedience_n give_v to_o that_o law_n and_o custom_n in_o absent_v themselves_o in_o those_o case_n as_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n have_v assert_v and_o shall_v by_o i_o be_v far_o clear_v in_o my_o answer_n to_o his_o precedent_n now_o i_o do_v not_o think_v that_o this_o author_n believe_v that_o these_o constitution_n give_v they_o a_o great_a liberty_n than_o they_o have_v before_o but_o if_o it_o find_v they_o bind_v that_o statute_n leave_v they_o so_o and_o be_v as_o all_o affirmative_a statute_n be_v though_o not_o introductory_n of_o a_o new_a law_n yet_o be_v they_o corroborative_n of_o the_o old_a and_o in_o their_o oath_n they_o swear_v obedience_n to_o this_o article_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o rest_n to_o wit_n that_o they_o will_v according_a to_o their_o duty_n be_v present_a in_o all_o proceed_n in_o parliament_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o baron_n except_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n in_o which_o they_o tell_v we_o afterward_o that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o be_v present_a at_o any_o hand_n so_o that_o upon_o their_o allowance_n there_o be_v more_o than_o a_o liberty_n for_o there_o be_v a_o law_n against_o they_o beside_o can_v this_o sense_n be_v allow_v it_o will_v no_o way_n serve_v to_o make_v good_a his_o main_a hypothesis_n that_o they_o may_v be_v present_a till_o the_o definitive_a sentence_n come_v to_o be_v give_v for_o if_o the_o law_n be_v obligatory_a as_o to_o any_o part_n why_o not_o to_o every_o part_n of_o it_o our_o aurhor_n be_v as_o little_a fortunate_a in_o his_o 42._o attempt_n to_o evade_v the_o authority_n of_o roger_n hoveden_n pag._n 40._o who_o say_v that_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o the_o synod_n at_o westminster_n that_o no_o clergyman_n shall_v agitare_fw-la judicium_fw-la sanguint_v he_o tell_v you_o this_o be_v part_n of_o a_o canon_n agree_v at_o toledo_n which_o
of_o settle_a prerogative_n be_v not_o take_v away_o from_o the_o king_n he_o not_o be_v name_v in_o the_o statute_n 67._o by_o that_o statute_n indeed_o if_o a_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la alien_v with_o licence_n the_o alience_n become_v tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o the_o statute_n divide_v the_o signiory_n but_o how_o it_o can_v be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n in_o any_o other_o case_n than_o that_o of_o copartner_n who_o be_v but_o as_o one_o heir_n and_o place_v in_o the_o same_o relation_n to_o the_o lord_n i_o can_v imagine_v i_o find_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o ireland_n this_o of_o copartner_n be_v mention_v as_o the_o law_n of_o england_n in_o regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la angliae_fw-la talis_fw-la est_fw-la lex_fw-la &_o a._n consuetudo_fw-la quod_fw-la siquis_fw-la tenuerit_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la &_o habuerit_fw-la filias_fw-la haeredes_fw-la ipso_fw-la patre_fw-la defuncto_fw-la antecessores_fw-la nostri_fw-la habuerunt_fw-la &_o semper_fw-la nos_fw-la habuimus_fw-la &_o cepimus_fw-la homagium_fw-la de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la filiabus_fw-la &_o singulae_fw-la earum_fw-la tenerent_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la casu_fw-la which_o show_v that_o the_o case_n of_o copartner_n be_v a_o single_a instance_n of_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o same_o immediate_a service_n notwithstanding_o the_o division_n of_o the_o fee_n be_v a_o exception_n out_o of_o a_o general_a rule_n but_o i_o dare_v say_v no_o body_n that_o understand_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n as_o it_o have_v be_v receive_v in_o this_o or_o other_o nation_n will_v be_v of_o mr._n hunt_n opinion_n in_o this_o particular_a three_o mr._n h._n will_v have_v do_v well_o to_o have_v answer_v the_o objection_n against_o the_o suppose_a conquest_n before_o he_o conclude_v for_o it_o and_o i_o shall_v take_v it_o for_o grant_v it_o be_v a_o question_n hearty_o beg_v till_o i_o find_v a_o answer_n to_o these_o argument_n in_o ius_n anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la 1._o that_o the_o history_n of_o those_o time_n lib._n prove_v undeniable_o that_o william_n the_o first_o come_v in_o upon_o term_n which_o he_o swear_v to_o at_o his_o coronation_n and_o solemn_o confirm_v afterward_o this_o indeed_o be_v a_o conquest_n in_o the_o language_n of_o those_o time_n as_o it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o a_o hereditary_a right_n but_o no_o otherwise_o thus_o in_o king_n john_n time_n a_o man_n plead_v that_o his_o father_n have_v such_o a_o thing_n de_fw-fr conquestâ—…_n svo_fw-la viz._n by_o his_o own_o purchase_n or_o acquisition_n 2._o that_o dooms-day-book_n itself_o demonstrate_v that_o man_n enjoy_v their_o land_n under_o 100_o their_o old_a title_n and_o those_o law_n of_o st._n edw._n which_o the_o history_n assure_v we_o be_v confirm_v by_o compact_a with_o william_n the_o first_o without_o particular_a confirmation_n of_o their_o estate_n 3._o that_o we_o have_v late_a record_n of_o the_o allowance_n of_o title_n derive_v from_o before_o the_o norman_a acquisition_n nay_o even_o of_o the_o 117._o whole_a palatinate_n of_o chester_n the_o title_n to_o which_o be_v lay_v only_o in_o descent_n even_o after_o king_n william_n confirmation_n 4._o that_o ancient_a historian_n and_o dooms-day-book_n confirm_v the_o opinion_n of_o that_o 106._o judge_n in_o edw._n iii_o time_n who_o inform_v we_o that_o william_n the_o first_o disseize_v only_o they_o that_o be_v in_o arm_n against_o he_o and_o forfeit_v by_o 130._o oppose_v that_o title_n which_o the_o nation_n receive_v till_o mr._n hunt_n have_v answer_v these_o argument_n among_o other_o in_o ius_n anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la i_o hope_v he_o will_v not_o be_v angry_a that_o some_o be_v so_o critical_a that_o they_o will_v not_o call_v the_o first_o william_n conqueror_n especial_o since_o conquestor_n and_o conquestus_fw-la can_v now_o be_v reduce_v to_o their_o old_a peaceable_a signification_n and_o therefore_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v admit_v unless_o we_o take_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o judicious_a lord_n clarendon_n who_o rebuke_n mr._n hobbs_n for_o insist_v upon_o william_n the_o first_o his_o title_n by_o conquest_n as_o be_v what_o he_o himself_o renounce_v and_o abdicate_v if_o he_o ever_o have_v it_o if_o mr._n hobbs_n say_v that_o unhappy_a great_a 109._o man_n have_v take_v the_o pain_n and_o know_v where_o to_o have_v be_v inform_v of_o the_o proceed_n and_o transaction_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n he_o will_v have_v find_v cause_n to_o believe_v that_o that_o great_a king_n do_v ever_o dexterous_o endeavour_v from_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v assure_v that_o his_o possession_n will_v not_o be_v disturb_v to_o divest_v himself_o of_o the_o title_n of_o a_o conqueror_n and_o make_v his_o legal_a claim_n to_o what_o he_o have_v get_v by_o the_o will_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o name_n be_v precious_a to_o the_o nation_n and_o who_o be_v know_v to_o have_v a_o great_a friendship_n for_o that_o prince_n who_o have_v now_o recover_v what_o have_v be_v he_o and_o he_o know_v so_o well_o the_o ill_a consequence_n which_o must_v attend_v the_o very_a imagination_n that_o the_o nation_n have_v lose_v its_o propriety_n that_o he_o make_v haste_n to_o grant_v they_o a_o assurance_n that_o they_o shall_v still_o enjoy_v all_o the_o benefit_n and_o privilege_n which_o be_v due_a to_o they_o by_o their_o own_o law_n and_o custom_n by_o which_o they_o shall_v be_v still_o govern_v as_o they_o be_v during_o that_o king_n whole_a reign_n who_o have_v enough_o of_o the_o unquestionable_a demesne_n and_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o which_o he_o be_v then_o possess_v without_o a_o rival_n and_o belong_v to_o those_o great_a man_n who_o have_v perish_v with_o their_o posterity_n in_o the_o battle_n with_o harold_n to_o distribute_v to_o those_o who_o have_v bear_v such_o share_n and_o run_v such_o hazard_n in_o his_o prosperous_a adventure_n and_o those_o law_n and_o custom_n which_o be_v before_o the_o conquest_n be_v the_o same_o which_o the_o nation_n and_o kingdom_n have_v be_v since_o govern_v by_o to_o this_o day_n with_o the_o addition_n of_o those_o statute_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o the_o successive_a king_n with_o which_o they_o have_v gratify_v their_o subject_n in_o provide_v such_o new_a security_n for_o they_o and_o advantage_n to_o the_o public_a as_o upon_o the_o experience_n and_o observation_n of_o the_o age_n and_o time_n when_o they_o be_v make_v contribute_v to_o the_o honour_n and_o glory_n of_o the_o king_n as_o well_o as_o happiness_n of_o the_o people_n many_o of_o which_o be_v but_o the_o copy_n and_o transcript_n of_o ancient_a landmark_n make_v the_o character_n more_o plain_a and_o legible_a of_o what_o have_v be_v practise_v and_o understand_v in_o the_o precede_a age_n and_o the_o observation_n thereof_o be_v of_o the_o same_o profit_n and_o convenience_n to_o the_o king_n and_o people_n and_o upon_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o supposition_n that_o william_n the_o first_o at_o his_o reception_n have_v dispense_v with_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o ecclesiastic_n by_o the_o oath_n he_o take_v not_o to_o infringe_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n the_o lord_n clarendon_n have_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n with_o the_o former_a or_o rather_o as_o evidence_n that_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n of_o a_o conquest_n these_o word_n they_o who_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o that_o 148._o time_n know_v that_o the_o oath_n he_o take_v be_v the_o same_o and_o without_o any_o alteration_n that_o all_o the_o former_a king_n since_o the_o crown_n have_v rest_v on_o a_o single_a head_n have_v take_v which_o be_v at_o his_o coronation_n after_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o baron_n have_v take_v their_o oath_n to_o be_v his_o true_a and_o faithful_a subject_n the_o archbishop_n who_o crown_v he_o present_v that_o oath_n to_o he_o which_o he_o be_v to_o take_v himself_o which_o he_o willing_o do_v to_o defend_v the_o holy_a church_n of_o god_n and_o the_o rector_n of_o the_o same_o to_o govern_v the_o universal_a people_n subject_n to_o he_o just_o to_o establish_v equal_a law_n and_o to_o see_v they_o just_o execute_v nor_o be_v he_o more_o wary_a in_o any_o thing_n than_o as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o that_o the_o people_n may_v imagine_v that_o he_o pretend_v any_o other_o title_n to_o the_o government_n than_o by_o the_o confessor_n though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o he_o do_v by_o degree_n introduce_v many_o of_o the_o norman_a custom_n which_o be_v find_v very_o useful_a or_o convenient_a and_o agreeable_a enough_o if_o not_o the_o same_o with_o what_o have_v be_v former_o practise_v and_o the_o common_a reproach_n of_o the_o law_n be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n put_v into_o french_a carry_v no_o weight_n with_o it_o for_o there_o be_v before_o that_o time_n so_o rude_a a_o collection_n of_o the_o law_n and_o in_o language_n so_o forriegn_n to_o
of_o charge_v or_o at_o least_o as_o to_o the_o proportion_n but_o they_o have_v be_v at_o parliament_n 26_o e._n 1._o which_o be_v but_o eight_o year_n regist._n before_o by_o representative_n of_o their_o own_o not_o of_o the_o county_n in_o general_n it_o show_v how_o they_o have_v be_v tax_v totis_fw-la retroactis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la but_o beside_o the_o charter_n of_o count_n palatine_n erect_v corporation_n there_o be_v other_o grant_v by_o some_o who_o be_v particular_o impower_v to_o that_o purpose_n or_o however_o they_o may_v have_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o king_n afterward_o but_o i_o shall_v give_v a_o example_n of_o a_o corporation_n raise_v by_o virtne_n of_o such_o a_o power_n give_v by_o the_o king_n and_o confirm_v afterward_o thurstinus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la sciatis_fw-la i_o dedisse_fw-la &_o 18._o concessisse_fw-la &_o concilio_n capituli_fw-la eborac_n &_o beverlac_n &_o concilio_n meorum_fw-la faronum_fw-la meâ_fw-la cartâ_fw-la confirmasse_fw-la hominibus_fw-la de_fw-fr beverlaco_fw-it omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la iisdem_fw-la legibus_fw-la quibus_fw-la ulli_fw-la de_fw-la eborac_n habent_fw-la in_o suâ_fw-la civitate_fw-la praeterea_fw-la enim_fw-la non_fw-la lateat_fw-la vos_fw-la quòd_fw-la dominus_fw-la h._n rex_fw-la noster_fw-la concessit_fw-la i._n nobis_fw-la potestatem_fw-la faciendi_fw-la de_fw-la bonâ_fw-la voluntate_fw-la suâ_fw-la &_o sua_fw-la chartâ_fw-la confirmavit_fw-la statuta_fw-la nostra_fw-la &_o leges_fw-la nostras_fw-la juxta_fw-la formam_fw-la burgensium_fw-la de_fw-fr eborac_n etc._n etc._n h._n rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n sciatis_fw-la i_o concessisse_fw-la 15._o &_o dedisse_fw-la &_o hâc_fw-la chartâ_fw-la mea_fw-la confirmasse_fw-la hominibus_fw-la de_fw-fr beverlaco_fw-it liberum_fw-la burgagium_fw-la secundum_fw-la libertates_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la burgen_n de_fw-fr eboraco_n &_o svam_fw-la gildam_fw-la mercatorum_fw-la cum_fw-la placitis_fw-la suis_fw-la &_o feloneo_n &_o cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la liberis_fw-la consuetudinibus_fw-la &_o libertatibus_fw-la suis_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la rebus_fw-la sicut_fw-la thurstinus_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la ea_fw-la iis_fw-la dedit_fw-la etc._n etc._n there_o be_v another_o confirmation_n by_o king_n henry_n of_o the_o charter_n by_o thurstan_n and_o also_o 16._o william_n archbishop_n of_o york_n to_o the_o same_o free-borough_n and_o also_o another_o of_o king_n richard_n i._n wherein_o he_o mention_n the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o bishop_n charter_n by_o his_o grandfather_n tenentes_fw-la de_fw-la villâ_fw-la beverlaci_n in_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la tam_fw-la coventry_n regi_fw-la quam_fw-la primogenitoribus_fw-la cum_fw-la communitate_fw-la predict_v comitatus_fw-la semper_fw-la hactenus_fw-la &_o non_fw-la cum_fw-la communitate_fw-la civitatum_fw-la &_o burgorum_n taxari_fw-la &_o contribuere_fw-la consuevisse_fw-la i_o need_v not_o go_v to_o prove_v that_o these_o come_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o property_n in_o land_n they_o be_v either_o the_o king_n tenant_n or_o the_o tenant_n of_o subject_n and_o whatever_o privilege_n their_o interest_n may_v prevail_v with_o they_o to_o suffer_v to_o trader_n among_o they_o it_o be_v certain_a they_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o freeholders_n 2._o but_o then_o there_o be_v corporation_n by_o prescription_n where_o since_o now_o all_o the_o freeman_n choose_v it_o may_v seem_v more_o difficult_a to_o prove_v that_o they_o come_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o property_n in_o land_n many_o of_o these_o receive_a charter_n in_o confirmation_n of_o their_o privilege_n yet_o if_o they_o be_v take_v away_o will_v remain_v good_a corporation_n at_o the_o common_a law_n i_o may_v instance_n in_o london_n of_o which_o there_o be_v this_o memorable_a passage_n in_o the_o confessor_n law_n debet_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o london_n quae_fw-la caput_fw-la est_fw-la regni_fw-la heretachiis_fw-la &_o legum_fw-la semper_fw-la curia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la singulis_fw-la septimanis_fw-la die_fw-la lunae_fw-la hustingis_fw-la sedere_fw-la &_o teneri_fw-la and_o among_o other_o thing_n quae_fw-la huc_fw-la usque_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la unâ_fw-la semper_fw-la inviolabilitate_fw-la conservat_fw-la king_n john_n charter_n provide_v for_o the_o ancient_a liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o particular_a and_o of_o all_o other_o city_n burrough_n vill_n and_o port_n and_o some_o charter_n of_o other_o king_n may_v seem_v more_o like_a new_a grant_n than_o confirmation_n of_o the_o old_a privilege_n but_o thus_o much_o be_v certain_a that_o those_o city_n borough_n and_o vill_n which_o have_v their_o liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n confirm_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 9_o h._n 3._o which_o be_v in_o the_o same_o term_n as_o to_o that_o part_n with_o king_n john_n be_v city_n burrough_n and_o vill_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o we_o may_v frame_v a_o idea_n of_o these_o we_o must_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o old_a saxon_a law_n by_o they_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a equality_n among_o the_o master_n of_o family_n 52._o than_o afterward_o and_o the_o law_n of_o frank-pledge_n be_v well_o suit_v to_o such_o equality_n when_o no_o man_n be_v above_o give_v that_o security_n to_o the_o government_n upon_o which_o st._n edward_n law_n say_v est_fw-fr quaedam_fw-la summa_fw-la friborgis_n &_o maxima_fw-la securitas_fw-la per_fw-la quam_fw-la omnes_fw-la statu_fw-la firmissimo_fw-la sustinentur_fw-la ut_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la stabiliet_fw-la se_fw-la sub_fw-la fidejussionis_fw-la securitate_fw-la and_o as_o every_o city_n or_o burrough_n be_v a_o vill_n that_o be_v the_o genus_fw-la to_o both_o as_o well_o as_o friborg_n a_o inferior_a species_n the_o law_n provide_v quod_fw-la de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la villis_fw-la sub_fw-la decimali_fw-la fidejussione_n debebant_fw-la esse_fw-la universi_fw-la of_o these_o vill_n they_o that_o have_v special_a privilege_n market_n fair_n and_o the_o like_a be_v free_a burrough_n and_o as_o the_o vill_n so_o the_o burrough_n at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o freeman_n who_o property_n may_v extend_v far_o into_o the_o county_n these_o at_o first_o be_v under_o tything_n afterward_o as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 1._o property_n fall_v into_o more_o hand_n within_o aldermannus_n the_o same_o tract_n of_o land_n or_o precinct_n we_o find_v they_o answer_v for_o one_o another_o by_o twentys_n the_o headburrough_n be_v aldermannus_n or_o praepositus_fw-la villae_fw-la or_o burgi_n every_o one_o of_o these_o as_o a_o fidejussor_n i_o take_v it_o come_v ancient_o to_o the_o general_n council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o his_o own_o person_n if_o he_o please_v but_o very_o frequent_o they_o may_v intrust_v their_o aldermannus_n or_o headburrough_n to_o answer_v for_o they_o but_o the_o franck-pledge_n discontinue_v they_o may_v accustom_v themselves_o to_o elect_v of_o member_n sometime_o one_o sometime_o more_o upon_o every_o summons_n to_o parliament_n and_o thereupon_o in_o every_o burrow_n at_o the_o common_a law_n the_o election_n be_v by_o all_o the_o freeman_n which_o answer_n to_o the_o franck-pledge_n former_o except_o that_o it_o be_v likely_a of_o old_a all_o the_o franck-pledge_n be_v very_o considerable_a freeholders_n but_o still_o these_o burrough_n can_v not_o take_v in_o all_o the_o freeholders_n nor_o yet_o the_o vill_n as_o ancient_o consist_v of_o cluster_n of_o inhabitant_n but_o if_o any_o man_n grow_v wealthy_a he_o love_v to_o live_v by_o himself_o in_o some_o castle_n or_o large_a seat_n which_o he_o may_v build_v abroad_o in_o the_o country_n such_o look_v upon_o themselves_o to_o be_v too_o great_a to_o give_v surety_n for_o their_o good_a behaviour_n as_o those_o that_o live_v in_o cluster_n do_v and_o by_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n the_o first_o chivaler_n and_o their_o child_n and_o i_o take_v it_o every_o considerable_a freeholder_n be_v a_o chivaler_n or_o 48._o gentleman_n be_v exempt_v from_o the_o law_n of_o franck-pledge_n doubtless_o every_o one_o of_o these_o as_o the_o possessionati_n in_o poland_n come_v to_o the_o general_a council_n in_o person_n as_o the_o land_n be_v further_o improve_v and_o a_o free_a increase_n of_o nature_n store_n make_v man_n luxurious_a great_a man_n put_v themselves_o into_o strait_o and_o be_v often_o oblige_v to_o sell_v their_o inheritance_n and_o to_o manumit_v their_o 846._o servant_n or_o release_v servile_a tenor_n and_o the_o offspring_n of_o these_o who_o themselves_o be_v cheorl_n or_o peasant_n be_v according_a to_o the_o saxon_a law_n which_o probable_o enough_o continue_v long_o after_o the_o norman_n acquisition_n ennoble_v or_o become_v gentleman_n by_o the_o descent_n of_o five_o hide_n of_o land_n to_o the_o three_o or_o four_o generation_n thus_o together_o with_o the_o division_n of_o land_n among_o the_o several_a child_n of_o great_a proprietor_n and_o subdivision_n downward_o as_o the_o family_n branch_v out_o the_o number_n of_o freeholders_n become_v by_o king_n john_n time_n little_o less_o than_o infinite_a tota_fw-la regni_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la quasi_fw-la sub_fw-la numero_fw-la non_fw-la cadebat_fw-la and_o this_o sort_n of_o 246._o nobility_n for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o be_v sure_a look_v upon_o themselves_o to_o be_v above_o citizen_n or_o burgher_n and_o scorn_v to_o be_v
such_o judgement_n and_o then_o particular_o whether_o among_o the_o grantz_n of_o that_o parliament_n of_o 25_o e._n 3._o that_o affirm_v that_o judgement_n against_o thorp_n there_o be_v any_o bishop_n and_o i_o infer_v there_o be_v none_o because_o they_o tell_v the_o king_n that_o hereafter_o even_o out_o of_o parliament_n if_o any_o body_n else_o offend_v in_o like_a manner_n he_o may_v take_v any_o of_o they_o that_o be_v of_o those_o grantz_n that_o now_o give_v he_o this_o advice_n to_o join_v in_o condemn_v he_o and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n a_o bishop_n can_v not_o join_v therefore_o there_o be_v no_o bishop_n among_o they_o and_o that_o by_o the_o law_n bishop_n and_o all_o clergyman_n be_v prohibit_v appear_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o the_o second_o of_o that_o king_n which_o i_o mention_v before_o confirm_v one_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n make_v in_o edward_n the_o first_o be_v time_n that_o no_o clerk_n shall_v be_v a_o justice_n of_o gaol-delivery_n for_o trial_n of_o felon_n this_o i_o think_v be_v not_o petere_fw-la principium_fw-la to_o prove_v the_o true_a meaning_n of_o what_o be_v do_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n by_o what_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n have_v already_o establish_v which_o must_v regulate_v what_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n than_o do_v and_o do_v show_v there_o can_v be_v no_o bishop_n in_o the_o number_n of_o those_o grantz_n then_o for_o what_o he_o say_v of_o the_o commons_o charge_v michael_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr poole_n before_o the_o king_n prelate_n and_o lord_n which_o be_v in_o 10_o r._n 2._o and_o parallel_v his_o crime_n to_o that_o of_o sir_n william_n thorp_n who_o for_o it_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v upon_o which_o he_o will_v infer_v that_o michael_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr poole_n be_v charge_v with_o a_o capital_a crime_n and_o accuse_v of_o it_o by_o the_o commons_o before_o the_o prelate_n as_o well_o as_o before_o the_o other_o lord_n who_o give_v their_o judgement_n upon_o it_o he_o may_v examine_v the_o record_n and_o he_o will_v find_v that_o the_o impeachment_n be_v only_o for_o misdemeanour_n cozen_v the_o king_n in_o a_o exchange_n of_o land_n when_o he_o be_v chancellor_n and_o some_o other_o miscarriage_n of_o that_o nature_n and_o it_o be_v the_o impeachment_n which_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o indictment_n that_o govern_v the_o trial_n be_v the_o crime_n what_o it_o will_v as_o it_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o impeachment_n or_o the_o indictment_n it_o must_v be_v so_o find_v upon_o the_o trial_n at_o the_o least_o it_o can_v be_v find_v no_o high_o less_o haply_o it_o may_v be_v a_o man_n that_o be_v indict_v for_o a_o misdemeanour_n can_v be_v find_v capital_o guilty_a and_o though_o by_o a_o comparison_n by_o way_n of_o aggravation_n it_o be_v liken_v to_o thorp_n case_n michael_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr poole_n make_v it_o appear_v there_o be_v no_o resemblance_n between_o they_o and_o who_o will_v take_v pain_n to_o read_v the_o record_n of_o thorp_n which_o i_o dare_v say_v this_o trifler_n never_o do_v nor_o scarce_o any_o record_n will_v see_v that_o the_o ground_n of_o that_o judgement_n which_o make_v it_o capital_a be_v that_o himself_n have_v submit_v to_o such_o a_o condition_n when_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o office_n of_o chief_a justice_n the_o word_n be_v si_fw-mi sembla_fw-mi a_o eur_fw-fr le_fw-fr jugement_n sur_fw-fr ceo_fw-la rendu_fw-fr reasonable_a depuis_fw-fr qil_fw-fr se_fw-fr obligea_o mesme_n per_fw-la son_n serement_n a_o tiel_n penance_n fill_v feist_n alencontre_fw-fr the_o judgement_n give_v upon_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o to_o be_v agree_v to_o reason_n since_o he_o have_v bind_v himself_o by_o his_o oath_n unto_o such_o a_o punishment_n if_o he_o do_v contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n and_o i_o must_v say_v it_o will_v go_v hard_a with_o a_o great_a many_o if_o every_o one_o shall_v be_v hang_v that_o cozen_v the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v a_o pretty_a remark_n of_o he_o upon_o sir_n john_n lee_n case_n 42_o e._n 3._o that_o the_o record_n say_v that_o he_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o prelate_n duke_n earls_z baron_n and_o some_o of_o the_o commons_o etc._n etc._n he_o observe_v that_o if_o at_o this_o trial_n any_o thing_n have_v be_v object_v which_o have_v be_v capital_a the_o bishop_n be_v present_a at_o it_o and_o i_o say_v he_o may_v have_v make_v a_o true_a observation_n than_o that_o which_o be_v that_o they_o may_v be_v well_o assure_v that_o nothing_o capital_a be_v to_o be_v object_v because_o then_o the_o bishop_n will_v not_o have_v be_v present_a and_o one_o thing_n i_o be_o sure_a be_v observable_a which_o be_v that_o the_o bishop_n that_o be_v the_o prelate_n be_v here_o record_v to_o be_v present_a and_o to_o be_v rank_v before_o the_o duke_n earls_z etc._n etc._n we_o be_v sure_a if_o any_o be_v specify_v they_o be_v and_o still_o rank_v in_o the_o first_o place_n what_o my_o gentleman_n mean_v in_o what_o he_o say_v upon_o the_o trial_n 50_o e._n 3._o i_o understand_v not_o they_o be_v the_o case_n of_o richard_n lion_n the_o lord_n latimer_n william_n ellis_n the_o lord_n nevil_n and_o john_n peach_n all_o these_o be_v only_o charge_v with_o misdemeanour_n he_o say_v their_o crime_n be_v great_a and_o heinous_a and_o reckon_v the_o loss_n of_o fort_n among_o they_o which_o he_o say_v be_v a_o crime_n capital_a in_o gomenitz_n and_o weston_n 1_o r._n 2._o and_o that_o i_o acknowledge_v the_o bishop_n to_o have_v be_v present_a at_o those_o trial_n but_o still_o this_o learned_a gentleman_n who_o brag_v here_o that_o he_o will_v not_o suffer_v the_o world_n to_o be_v long_o amuse_v and_o impose_v upon_o by_o my_o notion_n do_v himself_o still_o mistake_v the_o business_n not_o well_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n he_o treat_v of_o otherwise_o he_o will_v consider_v that_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o criminal_a person_n must_v always_o be_v pursuant_n to_o his_o charge_n which_o be_v a_o point_n i_o have_v already_o speak_v to_o therefore_o i_o shall_v say_v little_a here_o only_o this_o that_o the_o impeachment_n of_o the_o commons_o against_o those_o person_n be_v only_o for_o misdemeanour_n their_o trial_n be_v according_o and_o the_o bishop_n be_v present_a and_o for_o what_o he_o say_v of_o gomenitz_n and_o weston_n be_v clean_o another_o case_n it_o be_v for_o betray_v those_o town_n which_o they_o have_v undertake_v to_o keep_v when_o the_o force_n upon_o they_o be_v not_o so_o great_a however_o it_o be_v not_o material_a what_o their_o crime_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v upon_o proof_n but_o what_o their_o charge_n be_v and_o that_o be_v capital_a then_o for_o what_o he_o add_v of_o the_o bishop_n be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a apellation_n of_o les_fw-fr signior_n du_fw-fr parliament_n the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n in_o several_a case_n which_o he_o there_o cite_v which_o he_o beat_v upon_o over_o and_o over_o again_o in_o so_o many_o several_a place_n of_o his_o pamphlet_n and_o set_v up_o like_o a_o man_n of_o straw_n of_o his_o own_o make_n to_o make_v sport_n with_o be_v what_o i_o never_o deny_v my_o position_n be_v that_o i_o have_v still_o observe_v in_o all_o trial_n of_o crime_n when_o bishop_n can_v be_v present_a it_o be_v so_o express_v that_o they_o be_v so_o as_o in_o all_o crime_n not_o capital_a and_o i_o do_v not_o think_v one_o instance_n can_v be_v give_v to_o the_o contrary_n and_o my_o other_o position_n which_o i_o affirm_v with_o more_o confidence_n be_v that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o other_o rank_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v mention_v the_o bishop_n be_v so_o likewise_o or_o else_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a argument_n that_o they_o be_v not_o there_o my_o gentleman_n be_v a_o little_a put_v to_o his_o trumpet_n in_o the_o case_n of_o gomenitz_n and_o weston_n 1_o r._n 2._o that_o be_v so_o plain_a first_o the_o commons_z coming_z and_o desire_v that_o such_o as_o have_v lose_v town_n and_o castle_n by_o their_o own_o default_n may_v be_v punish_v per_fw-la agard_fw-fr des_fw-fr signior_n &_o baronage_n by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o baronage_n whereupon_o those_o lord_n command_v gomenitz_n and_o weston_n to_o be_v bring_v before_o they_o and_o upon_o a_o long_a hear_n condemn_v they_o both_o to_o death_n and_o the_o lord_n be_v particular_o name_v the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n first_o and_o ten_o more_o earl_n and_o baron_n by_o name_n of_o who_o roger_n lord_n clifford_n be_v the_o last_o and_o then_o a_o general_a clause_n et_fw-la plusour_n autres_fw-fr setgneurs_fw-fr baron_n &_o bannerette_n and_o many_o other_o lord_n baron_n and_o banneret_n now_o this_o be_v so_o plain_a and_o exclusive_a of_o all_o prelate_n as_o my_o gentleman_n be_v force_v to_o confess_v that_o it_o seem_v
a_o capital_a crime_n high_a treason_n and_o a_o capital_a proceed_n upon_o it_o we_o see_v the_o sentence_n be_v far_o from_o capital_a and_o can_v not_o have_v be_v such_o as_o it_o be_v if_o the_o crime_n have_v be_v lay_v in_o the_o accusation_n to_o be_v high_a treason_n roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n in_o his_o relation_n of_o this_o business_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o treason_n he_o say_v that_o the_o king_n call_v a_o great_a council_n at_o northampton_n taedium_fw-la magnum_fw-la fecit_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la do_v a_o thing_n which_o much_o vex_v the_o archbishop_n which_o be_v that_o he_o cause_v his_o horse_n to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o arch_a bishop_n inn_n whereupon_o the_o archbishop_n send_v the_o king_n word_n that_o he_o will_v not_o come_v to_o the_o council_n till_o his_o inn_n be_v clear_v of_o those_o horse_n yet_o upon_o the_o second_o day_n of_o the_o meeting_n the_o arch_a bishop_n come_v into_o the_o chapel_n where_o the_o council_n sit_v and_o there_o desire_v the_o king_n leave_n that_o he_o may_v go_v over_o into_o france_n to_o visit_v pope_n alexander_n who_o be_v then_o there_o which_o the_o king_n deny_v he_o and_o say_v he_o shall_v first_o answer_v for_o the_o injustice_n he_o have_v do_v to_o john_n the_o marshal_n in_o his_o court_n this_o john_n have_v complain_v to_o the_o king_n that_o he_o have_v have_v a_o long_a suit_n in_o the_o arch_a bishop_n court_n for_o some_o land_n he_o hold_v of_o he_o and_o can_v have_v no_o justice_n and_o that_o thereupon_o curiam_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la sacramento_n fall_v ficaverat_fw-la secundum_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la regni_fw-la he_o have_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n upon_o oath_n charge_v the_o court_n with_o wrong_n do_v which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o protest_v against_o the_o proceed_n of_o that_o court_n and_o the_o judgement_n there_o give_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n the_o archbishop_n answer_v to_o this_o that_o john_n have_v no_o injustice_n do_v he_o and_o that_o he_o bring_v into_o the_o court_n a_o certain_a strange_a book_n and_o will_v swear_v upon_o that_o how_o for_o want_v of_o justice_n he_o leave_v my_o court_n which_o the_o officer_n that_o keep_v my_o court_n look_v upon_o as_o a_o injury_n do_v to_o i_o because_o it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n quod_fw-la qui_fw-la curiam_fw-la alterius_fw-la falsificare_fw-la voluerit_fw-la oportet_fw-la eum_fw-la jurare_fw-la super_fw-la sacrosancta_fw-la evangelia_n whoever_o will_v so_o charge_v a_o court_n with_o false_a deal_n must_v take_v his_o oath_n upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n notwithstanding_o this_o the_o king_n swear_v he_o will_v have_v justice_n do_v upon_o he_o et_fw-la barones_n curiae_fw-la and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o court_n give_v judgement_n on_o he_o to_o be_v at_o the_o king_n mercy_n which_o judgement_n the_o archbishop_n go_v about_o to_o reverse_v judicium_fw-la illud_fw-la falsificare_fw-la be_v the_o expression_n he_o be_v persuade_v by_o the_o baron_n to_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n mercy_n for_o a_o fine_a of_o five_o hundred_o pound_n here_o be_v nothing_o in_o all_o this_o that_o can_v possible_o infer_v any_o thing_n like_o treason_n and_o it_o be_v something_o observable_a what_o both_o these_o author_n say_v of_o the_o judgement_n give_v gervasius_n say_v curiali_fw-la judicio_fw-la &_o episcoporum_fw-la consensu_fw-la condemnatus_fw-la est_fw-la as_o if_o the_o part_n of_o the_o bishop_n in_o this_o judgement_n be_v something_o differ_v from_o the_o act_n of_o the_o court_n and_o not_o comprise_v in_o it_o hoveden_n say_v barones_n curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la judicaverunt_fw-la eum_fw-la as_o if_o the_o bishop_n have_v no_o hand_n in_o it_o at_o all_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la decanus_n londinensis_fw-la i_o suppose_v dean_n of_o paul_n who_o live_v in_o those_o time_n mention_n this_o business_n he_o say_v that_o the_o archbishop_n be_v question_v upon_o john_n the_o marshal_n complaint_n and_o fine_v 500_o l._n and_o that_o he_o be_v question_v likewise_o for_o money_n receive_v by_o he_o when_o he_o be_v chancellor_n for_o some_o bishopric_n and_o abbey_n of_o which_o he_o have_v receive_v the_o profit_n during_o their_o vacancy_n and_o that_o not_o find_v the_o bishop_n to_o be_v his_o friend_n he_o appeal_v from_o their_o judgement_n but_o then_o the_o proceres_fw-la the_o noble_n though_o he_o appeal_v from_o their_o judgement_n likewise_o yet_o they_o in_o eum_fw-la nec_fw-la confessum_fw-la nec_fw-la convictum_fw-la sententiam_fw-la intorserunt_fw-la they_o wrest_v a_o judgement_n against_o he_o though_o he_o confess_v nothing_o nor_o be_v at_o all_o convict_a you_o see_v here_o be_v not_o a_o word_n of_o treason_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n nor_o nothing_o capital_a or_o any_o thing_n towards_o it_o matthew_n paris_n tell_v you_o the_o same_o story_n and_o almost_o in_o the_o very_a same_o word_n now_o let_v any_o man_n judge_n whether_o all_o those_o historian_n concur_v or_o single_a fitz-stephen_n disagree_v deserve_v more_o credit_n and_o that_o which_o have_v great_a weight_n with_o i_o be_v the_o argument_n draw_v ex_fw-la natura_fw-la rei_fw-la the_o crime_n which_o all_o agree_v that_o the_o archbishop_n be_v charge_v with_o be_v his_o not_o appear_v upon_o the_o king_n summons_n which_o without_o a_o great_a and_o a_o very_a false_a multiplying-glass_n can_v appear_v to_o be_v any_o thing_n like_o treason_n so_o i_o must_v conclude_v that_o since_o the_o charge_n against_o he_o have_v nothing_o of_o capital_a in_o it_o the_o proceed_n upon_o it_o be_v not_o as_o against_o a_o capital_a offender_n not_o bring_v to_o trial_n as_o a_o prisoner_n but_o come_v in_o upon_o a_o bare_a summons_n and_o tarry_v there_o and_o return_v at_o full_a liberty_n the_o judgement_n neither_o of_o loss_n of_o life_n nor_o limb_n but_o mere_o pecuniary_a and_o as_o some_o of_o the_o author_n say_v compound_v with_o for_o five_o hundred_o pound_n i_o must_v i_o say_v conclude_v that_o this_o whole_a case_n be_v nothing_o to_o our_o purpose_n and_o neither_o the_o law_n nor_o usage_n of_o parliament_n do_v bar_v the_o bishop_n from_o be_v personal_o present_a at_o such_o a_o trial_n and_o now_o i_o come_v to_o the_o point_n of_o peerage_n which_o i_o have_v so_o full_o handle_v in_o my_o former_a letter_n as_o i_o think_v i_o need_v not_o say_v much_o in_o this_o our_o asserter_n bring_v three_o argument_n to_o prove_v they_o to_o be_v peer_n the_o first_o be_v that_o it_o be_v the_o general_a stile_n of_o all_o parliament_n from_o the_o beginning_n to_o be_v generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la cleri_fw-la &_o populi_n even_o before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n which_o no_o man_n deny_v the_o business_n of_o the_o church_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o civil_a state_n be_v there_o determine_v the_o writ_n of_o summons_n show_v it_o which_o say_v that_o the_o king_n intend_v to_o call_v a_o parliament_n pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la statum_n &_o defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la anglicanae_n concernentibus_fw-la bishop_n and_o temporal_a lord_n be_v summon_v and_o heretofore_o several_a other_o be_v summon_v as_o banneret_n and_o sometime_o other_o person_n of_o quality_n who_o likewise_o be_v not_o peer_n and_o yet_o be_v call_v to_o the_o parliament_n as_o please_v the_o king_n and_o the_o judge_n be_v so_o summon_v at_o this_o day_n super_fw-la dictis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la tractaturi_fw-la consilium_fw-la suum_fw-la impensuri_fw-la where_o the_o bishop_n act_n as_o bishop_n and_o what_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o practice_n and_o usage_n of_o parliament_n they_o ought_v to_o do_v that_o they_o do_v and_o may_v do_v the_o temporal_a lord_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o so_o likewise_o the_o judge_n every_o one_o act_n in_o his_o sphere_n but_o this_o neither_o give_v the_o bishop_n power_n to_o judge_v in_o capital_a cause_n if_o otherwise_o it_o be_v prohibit_v they_o nor_o do_v it_o make_v they_o peer_n no_o more_o than_o it_o do_v former_o the_o banneret_n and_o other_o for_o their_o be_v summon_v to_o sit_v and_o vote_n in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n we_o have_v the_o experience_n of_o this_o the_o last_o parliament_n a_o baron_n pretend_v to_o a_o much_o ancient_a station_n among_o the_o peer_n by_o prove_v that_o his_o ancestor_n have_v be_v summon_v by_o one_o of_o our_o former_a king_n to_o sit_v more_o than_o once_o in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n yet_o not_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o that_o favour_n have_v be_v still_o continue_v to_o he_o and_o it_o be_v make_v appear_v on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o several_a family_n in_o this_o kingdom_n will_v have_v the_o same_o pretence_n upon_o the_o like_a ground_n it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o house_n that_o he_o have_v no_o right_a to_o it_o and_o consequent_o that_o his_o ancestor_n be_v never_o acknowledge_v to_o
immediate_o but_o i_o mnst_a needs_o say_v this_o error_n of_o mr._n hunt_n be_v the_o most_o excusable_a of_o any_o i_o meet_v with_o in_o his_o book_n because_o the_o great_a lord_n cook_n lead_v he_o the_o way_n for_o he_o tell_v we_o and_o refer_v to_o the_o mirror_n 58._o for_o proof_n that_o by_o the_o law_n and_o ordinance_n of_o ancient_a king_n and_o especial_o of_o 10._o king_n alfred_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o first_o king_n of_o this_o realin_n have_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o demesne_fw-la and_o les_fw-fr grandes_fw-fr manor_n &_o royalty_n they_o reserve_v to_o themselves_o and_o of_o the_o remnant_n they_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n enfeoft_v the_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n with_o such_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o court_n baron_fw-fr now_o have_v and_o institute_v the_o freeholders_n to_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o court_n baron_fw-fr then_o he_o tell_v we_o in_o his_o second_o institutes_n that_o till_o the_o statute_n of_o 24._o e._n 3._o whereby_o 65._o it_o be_v provide_v that_o alienation_n of_o land_n make_v by_o tenant_n which_o hold_v of_o h._n 3._o or_o of_o other_o king_n before_o he_o to_o hold_v of_o themselves_o shall_v stand_v in_o force_n save_v to_o the_o king_n his_o prerogative_n of_o the_o time_n of_o his_o great_a grandfather_n his_o father_n and_o his_o own_o it_o be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o king_n tenant_n may_v have_v give_v part_n of_o the_o tenancy_n to_o hold_v of_o himself_o which_o be_v in_o effect_n the_o same_o with_o mr._n hunt_n notion_n of_o all_o the_o tenant_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a 1._o but_o it_o be_v obvious_a that_o by_o what_o the_o lord_n cook_n say_v of_o the_o law_n of_o king_n alfred_n and_o other_o whereby_o he_o suppose_v tenor_n be_v erect_v not_o only_o of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o his_o grantee_n who_o have_v their_o court_n baron_n his_o opinion_n be_v that_o the_o king_n tenant_n may_v have_v grant_v out_o to_o hold_v of_o himself_o for_o otherwise_o how_o can_v he_o have_v have_v his_o court_n of_o tenant_n 2._o whereas_o he_o suppose_v that_o the_o law_n of_o king_n alfred_n show_v that_o the_o king_n have_v all_o the_o land_n in_o demesne_n there_o be_v but_o one_o law_n of_o king_n alfred_n mention_v in_o the_o mirror_n and_o that_o be_v for_o the_o great_a council_n assemble_v at_o london_n twice_o a_o year_n or_o often_o if_o ibid._n need_v be_v not_o any_o thing_n of_o tenor_n 3._o but_o among_o the_o establishment_n make_v per_fw-mi cel_z estate_n per_fw-mi plusor_n roye_n by_o several_a king_n in_o parliament_n the_o mirror_n say_v assentus_fw-la 11._o fuist_n que_fw-fr les_fw-fr choses_fw-fr suivant_fw-fr serrent_fw-la appendant_a aux_fw-fr roys_n &_o all_o droit_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr corone_n sovereign_a jurisdiction_n la_o sovereign_a signory_n etc._n etc._n come_v franchise_n treasnre_o trove_v etc._n etc._n then_o it_o go_v on_o ceux_fw-fr droit_n retiendrent_fw-fr les_fw-fr primer_n roys_n &_o delremnant_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr enfefferont_fw-fr les_fw-fr countees_n baron_n etc._n etc._n here_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o no_o more_o than_o the_o right_n aforesaid_a among_o which_o chief_a city_n chief_a port_n and_o great_a manor_n be_v name_v not_o all_o the_o land_n be_v retain_v by_o the_o first_o king_n and_o though_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v enfeoff_v other_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o land_n to_o hold_v of_o they_o yet_o that_o do_v not_o necessary_o imply_v that_o they_o have_v all_o in_o they_o before_o nay_o the_o mirror_n show_v the_o contrary_a for_o it_o say_v that_o after_o god_n please_v to_o abate_v the_o 7._o british_a nobility_n who_o use_v force_v rather_o than_o law_n he_o leave_v the_o realm_n to_o the_o most_o humble_a and_o simple_a of_o all_o the_o adjacent_a country_n the_o saxon_n who_o come_v to_o conquer_v it_o from_o almain_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr quel_fw-fr gent_n il_fw-fr y_fw-fr eurent_fw-fr iesque_fw-la quarant_a sovereign_n que_fw-la tout_fw-fr soy_fw-fr tiendrent_fw-fr a_o companion_n among_o these_o forty_o prince_n be_v equal_a and_o independent_a here_o be_v no_o king_n till_o they_o come_v to_o make_v a_o choice_n and_o so_o the_o mirror_n tell_v we_o they_o do_v have_v feel_v the_o smart_n of_o their_o competition_n then_o eslierent_a de_fw-fr eux_fw-fr un_fw-fr roy_fw-fr a_o reigner_n sur_fw-fr eux_fw-fr &_o governer_n le_fw-fr people_n de_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr &_o a_o maintainer_n &_o defendre_fw-fr les_fw-fr person_n &_o les_fw-fr biens_fw-fr en_fw-fr quiet_a per_fw-mi les_fw-fr rule_n de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr this_o show_v they_o do_v not_o resign_v their_o property_n to_o the_o king_n for_o they_o choose_v he_o to_o defend_v they_o yet_o it_o seem_v they_o consent_v to_o take_v grant_n from_o the_o king_n by_o such_o service_n as_o be_v in_o common_a agree_v upon_o and_o though_o they_o be_v principal_o from_o he_o as_o procerum_fw-la head_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a yet_o any_o man_n that_o observe_v the_o form_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n grant_n will_v not_o think_v it_o a_o vain_a imagination_n that_o such_o as_o i_o speak_v of_o shall_v have_v be_v with_o universal_a consent_n 4._o but_o i_o can_v find_v any_o warrant_n to_o question_v the_o tenant_n power_n at_o the_o common_a law_n to_o grant_v out_o to_o hold_v of_o himself_o and_o i_o be_o sure_a there_o be_v a_o express_a resolution_n for_o it_o in_o dyer_n the_o word_n be_v thus_o in_o english_a a_o man_n seize_v of_o a_o manor_n in_o fee_n hold_v b._n of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la before_o the_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la enfeoff_n j._n s._n of_o part_n of_o the_o demean_n in_o fee_n without_o say_v more_o the_o feofee_n enfeoff_v another_o to_o hold_v of_o the_o feoffor_a and_o his_o heir_n by_o 26_o s._n and_o 8_o d._n rent_n for_o all_o service_n the_o land_n clear_o be_v not_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o the_o first_o mesnalty_n be_v not_o hold_v of_o the_o feoffor_a as_o of_o the_o manor_n by_o knight_n service_n the_o statute_n of_o 34_o e._n 3._o mention_v before_o by_o the_o lord_n cook_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o contrary_a to_o this_o for_o whereas_o before_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o king_n tenant_n may_v have_v alien_v as_o he_o please_v and_o magna_fw-la charta_n provision_n quod_fw-la nullus_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la det_fw-la de_fw-la caetero_fw-la 32._o amplius_fw-la alicui_fw-la vel_fw-la vendat_fw-la alicui_fw-la de_fw-la terrâ_fw-la suâ_fw-la quam_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la residuo_fw-la terrae_fw-la suae_fw-la possit_fw-la sufficienter_fw-la fieri_fw-la domino_fw-la feodi_fw-la servitium_fw-la ei_fw-la debitum_fw-la quod_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la feodum_fw-la illud_fw-la interpretative_o give_v a_o fine_a to_o the_o king_n when_o his_o tenant_n alien_v which_o be_v not_o due_a before_o that_o great_a charter_n be_v make_v the_o statute_n 34._o e._n 3._o give_v the_o king_n fines_n for_o alienation_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o any_o king_n even_o before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o charter_n the_o lord_n cook_n cite_v a_o answer_n to_o a_o petition_n in_o parliament_n 18._o e._n 1._o rex_fw-la non_fw-la vult_fw-la aliquem_fw-la medium_n which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o that_o he_o will_v not_o grant_v his_o tenant_n who_o then_o petition_v licence_n to_o alien_n however_o he_o have_v not_o forfeit_v his_o land_n if_o he_o have_v alien_v but_o the_o king_n may_v have_v enter_v and_o 66._o seize_v the_o land_n in_o the_o name_n of_o distress_n for_o a_o reasonable_a fine_a for_o the_o trespass_n which_o the_o lord_n cook_n take_v for_o the_o better_a opinion_n and_o if_o the_o land_n be_v forfeit_v to_o be_v sure_o the_o indivisible_a service_n can_v not_o have_v be_v multiply_v as_o mr._n hunt_n imagine_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o though_o at_o the_o common_a law_n the_o king_n or_o any_o other_o lord_n may_v have_v distrain_v for_o his_o service_n reserve_v upon_o the_o original_a grant_n in_o the_o land_n of_o any_o inferior_a grantee_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o 142._o land_n of_o his_o immediate_a tenant_n yet_o there_o be_v this_o inconvenience_n that_o the_o wardship_n and_o marriage_n be_v not_o so_o considerable_a when_o the_o land_n be_v parcele_v out_o and_o the_o land_n of_o the_o immediate_a tenant_n who_o only_o be_v to_o be_v in_o ward_n or_o to_o be_v marry_v by_o the_o first_o grantor_n be_v of_o less_o value_n therefore_o be_v that_o provision_n by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la by_o the_o interpretation_n of_o which_o the_o king_n be_v to_o have_v fine_n upon_o alienation_n but_o though_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o tenant_n alien_v to_o hold_v of_o themselves_o be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la 18_o edw._n 1._o which_o give_v tenant_n free_a power_n to_o alien_n their_o land_n and_o provide_v that_o the_o alienees_n shall_v hold_v of_o the_o alienor_n immediate_a lord_n with_o a_o apportionment_n of_o service_n yet_o licence_n of_o alienation_n be_v
demand_n for_o i_o do_v very_o well_o know_v what_o judgement_n the_o commons_o do_v then_o not_o intend_v which_o be_v all_o judgement_n in_o capital_a case_n for_o it_o be_v most_o clear_a by_o all_o record_n of_o parliament_n and_o all_o the_o vestigia_fw-la that_o remain_v with_o we_o of_o the_o usage_n and_o proceed_n of_o ancient_a parliament_n that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o colour_n for_o so_o much_o as_o a_o doubt_n or_o a_o suspicion_n that_o the_o prelate_n or_o lord_n spiritual_a can_v have_v any_o part_n in_o those_o judgement_n and_o we_o know_v on_o the_o other_o side_n what_o judgement_n they_o have_v their_o share_n in_o which_o be_v all_o judgement_n in_o such_o civil_a cause_n as_o come_v into_o the_o parliament_n and_o in_o criminal_a cause_n that_o be_v not_o capital_a and_o the_o commons_o than_o can_v intend_v none_o but_o these_o which_o be_v enough_o to_o satisfy_v i_o that_o this_o petition_n of_o they_o at_o that_o time_n be_v no_o way_n contrary_a or_o repugnant_a to_o what_o i_o maintain_v and_o by_o the_o way_n methinks_v it_o be_v worth_a observation_n the_o reason_n they_o give_v of_o their_o desire_n that_o the_o bishop_n will_v make_v a_o proctor_n not_o so_o much_o for_o that_o that_o their_o presence_n there_o be_v of_o so_o absolute_a necessity_n as_o that_o what_o be_v do_v without_o they_o be_v in_o itself_o null_a and_o void_a but_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o controversy_n which_o show_v the_o prelate_n have_v express_v some_o dissatisfaction_n and_o have_v get_v some_o thing_n which_o have_v be_v do_v in_o their_o absence_n to_o be_v undo_v and_o repeal_v which_o consider_v their_o power_n at_o that_o time_n and_o how_o all_o the_o laity_n be_v in_o awe_n of_o they_o will_v have_v a_o great_a effect_n upon_o man_n mind_n and_o make_v they_o do_v what_o else_o they_o will_v not_o have_v do_v and_o perhaps_o strain_v a_o point_n a_o little_a to_o satisfy_v they_o and_o still_o it_o show_v that_o notwithstanding_o their_o absence_n they_o be_v good_a and_o valid_a till_o the_o same_o power_n that_o have_v make_v they_o do_v repeal_v they_o and_o to_o show_v what_o a_o ascendant_n the_o prelate_n have_v over_o king_n and_o parliament_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n at_o that_o time_n see_v what_o they_o do_v but_o the_o year_n before_o 20_o r._n 2._o they_o declare_v unto_o the_o king_n in_o open_a parliament_n that_o they_o be_v swear_v to_o the_o pope_n and_o see_v of_o rome_n and_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v in_o parliament_n attempt_v in_o restraint_n of_o the_o same_o they_o will_v in_o no_o wise_a assent_n thereunto_o but_o will_v utter_o withstand_v the_o same_o and_o can_v we_o then_o wonder_v if_o the_o commons_o be_v not_o very_o loath_a to_o displease_v they_o and_o willing_a to_o comply_v with_o they_o much_o rather_o than_o have_v a_o controversy_n with_o they_o and_o perhaps_o be_v fain_o at_o last_o to_o undo_v what_o they_o have_v do_v his_o four_o postulatum_fw-la be_v upon_o the_o protestation_n of_o viscount_n beaumond_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a in_o the_o case_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr pole_n duke_n of_o suffolk_n which_o have_v be_v touch_v upon_o before_o wherein_o he_o now_o say_v i_o have_v leave_v out_o the_o most_o material_a word_n but_o what_o they_o be_v he_o express_v not_o nor_o can_v i_o imagine_v what_o he_o mean_v as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v i_o have_v be_v very_o particular_a in_o set_v down_o every_o circumstance_n of_o the_o whole_a proceed_n acknowledge_v the_o act_n of_o the_o prelate_n in_o it_o throughout_o as_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o temporal_a lord_n and_o then_o i_o say_v how_o upon_o the_o king_n give_v judgement_n upon_o the_o duke_n that_o viscount_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a make_v that_o protestation_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v nor_o turn_v in_o prejudice_n nor_o derogation_n of_o they_o their_o heir_n ne_o of_o their_o successor_n in_o time_n to_o come_v i_o think_v this_o be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v that_o i_o do_v acknowledge_v all_o that_o can_v be_v pretend_v to_o for_o the_o bishop_n judicature_n in_o that_o business_n and_o what_o this_o assertor_n will_v have_v more_o and_o wherein_o i_o have_v fail_v i_o can_v not_o imagine_v only_o i_o see_v he_o be_v a_o quick-sighted_a gentleman_n and_o can_v see_v further_o into_o a_o millstone_n than_o another_o man_n and_o spy_v a_o fault_n which_o another_o can_v see_v he_o have_v a_o five_o postulatum_fw-la to_o whichi_n can_v say_v nothing_o for_o i_o understand_v not_o what_o he_o will_v be_v at_o he_o speak_v of_o my_o accurateness_n in_o make_v a_o distinction_n between_o the_o matter_n andform_v of_o a_o law_n and_o then_o say_v he_o observe_v three_o thing_n though_o he_o express_v but_o two_o which_o he_o say_v he_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v use_n of_o hereafter_o when_o he_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o particular_a case_n and_o i_o must_v refer_v my_o answer_n to_o what_o i_o shall_v there_o find_v when_o i_o believe_v i_o shall_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o he_o make_v no_o great_a use_n of_o they_o nor_o of_o any_o other_o argument_n that_o he_o bring_v and_o now_o i_o come_v to_o the_o particular_a case_n the_o first_o be_v 4_o e._n 3._o of_o roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n be_v then_o condemn_v for_o treason_n here_o our_o asserter_n say_v that_o by_o 28_o e_z 3._o upon_o his_o cousin_n roger_n of_o wigmore_n petition_v to_o have_v this_o judgement_n and_o attainder_n reverse_v i_o acknowledge_v it_o to_o be_v a_o attainder_n if_o i_o say_v truth_n say_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n this_o be_v gentile_a language_n and_o which_o discover_v my_o gentleman_n ignorance_n as_o well_o as_o his_o rudeness_n his_o ignorance_n in_o conceive_v a_o attainder_n to_o be_v only_o by_o a_o law_n by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o which_o bishop_n may_v be_v present_a and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o so_o but_o do_v withdraw_v it_o be_v their_o own_o voluntary_a act_n and_o no_o diminution_n to_o their_o right_n i_o have_v already_o upon_o his_o second_o postulatum_fw-la handle_v this_o point_n so_o full_o and_o make_v i_o think_v both_o his_o error_n and_o the_o truth_n so_o clear_a as_o i_o need_v not_o say_v any_o thing_n more_o to_o it_o here_o then_o it_o be_v a_o pretty_a argument_n he_o bring_v against_o my_o say_n that_o the_o record_n be_v les_fw-fr queur_fw-fr count_n baron_n &_o piers_n les_fw-fr article_n per_fw-la eur_fw-fr eramine_fw-la rebindrent_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o earl_n baron_n and_o peer_n have_v examine_v the_o article_n return_v etc._n etc._n it_o must_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o bishop_n can_v be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o word_n peer_n since_o the_o baron_n be_v name_v first_o to_o this_o his_o answer_n be_v well_o but_o i_o find_v the_o contrary_a peer_n many_o time_n put_v before_o baron_n particular_o in_o mr._n selden_n baronage_n p._n 12._o than_o he_o cite_v a_o record_n of_o the_o judgement_n against_o john_n mautravers_n where_o it_o be_v say_v for_o which_o the_o say_a peer_n of_o the_o land_n and_o judge_n of_o parliament_n adjudge_v and_o award_v etc._n etc._n do_v this_o at_o all_o contradict_v my_o quotation_n of_o the_o record_n in_o roger_n of_o mortimer_n case_n but_o that_o it_o be_v as_o i_o say_v that_o the_o general_a word_n peer_n be_v there_o put_v after_o the_o baron_n and_o be_v so_o can_v comprehend_v bishop_n because_o in_o some_o other_o record_v that_o word_n be_v put_v before_o he_o talk_v of_o draw_v argument_n illogical_o i_o be_o sure_a this_o be_v so_o i_o will_v put_v he_o a_o case_n he_o bring_v his_o action_n of_o slander_n against_o one_o for_o that_o at_o such_o a_o time_n in_o such_o a_o place_n he_o have_v speak_v ill_o of_o he_o and_o say_v he_o be_v a_o lie_a knave_n and_o other_o word_n that_o will_v bear_v a_o action_n and_o prove_v it_o by_o witness_n that_o man_n prove_v by_o other_o witness_n that_o at_o another_o time_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o have_v speak_v very_o well_o of_o he_o and_o say_v he_o be_v a_o fine_a gentleman_n i_o ask_v now_o if_o he_o will_v be_v satisfy_v with_o this_o and_o not_o stand_v upon_o it_o that_o he_o have_v prove_v his_o plaint_n and_o expect_v a_o verdict_n and_o judgement_n upon_o it_o so_o may_v i_o say_v that_o my_o precedent_n stand_v good_a and_o prove_v what_o i_o allege_v it_o for_o and_o what_o he_o say_v be_v not_o to_o the_o purpose_n but_o i_o will_v go_v further_o and_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o even_o his_o precedent_n that_o he_o allege_v make_v all_o for_o i_o and_o against_o himself_o and_o though_o he_o charge_v i_o with_o not_o be_v so_o good_a as_o my_o word_n say_v that_o i_o
i_o p._n 31._o tax_v i_o with_o represent_v those_o constitution_n very_o unfair_o which_o be_v a_o expression_n of_o one_o engage_v in_o a_o party_n and_o not_o of_o one_o that_o only_o seek_v for_o truth_n but_o to_o show_v his_o read_n and_o learn_v as_o i_o be_o afraid_a that_o author_n do_v who_o raise_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o dust_n mere_o to_o blind_a man_n eye_n and_o miss_v lead_v they_o into_o error_n and_o thus_o he_o commend_v himself_o for_o speak_v mild_o and_o much_o good_a may_v his_o mildness_n do_v he_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o clergy_n be_v then_o very_o high_a have_v get_v a_o great_a head_n by_o the_o favour_n they_o have_v find_v from_o the_o usurper_n king_n stephen_n where_o on_o both_o side_n they_o serve_v one_o another_o turn_n and_o henry_n the_o second_o to_o bring_v thing_n again_o into_o order_n call_v that_o great_a counsel_n at_o clarendon_n where_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o realm_n a_o recapitulation_n be_v make_v of_o part_n of_o the_o ancient_a custom_n and_o privilege_n under_o the_o former_a king_n and_o particular_o under_o his_o grandfather_n henry_n the_o first_o which_o for_o the_o future_a he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o thus_o propter_fw-la dissentiones_fw-la &_o discordias_fw-la saepe_fw-la immergentes_fw-la inter_fw-la clerum_fw-la &_o justiciarios_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o magnatum_fw-la regni_fw-la there_o be_v sixteen_o of_o those_o article_n the_o eleven_o be_v that_o they_o shall_v hold_v their_o possession_n of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la sicut_fw-la barcniam_fw-la and_o shall_v be_v answerable_a to_o the_o king_n for_o their_o service_n and_o shall_v as_o baron_n interest_n judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la quousque_fw-la perveniatur_fw-la ad_fw-la diminutionem_fw-la membrorum_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la here_o we_o see_v the_o occasion_n of_o that_o meeting_n at_o clarendon_n it_o be_v to_o remove_v all_o cause_n of_o difference_n between_o the_o great_a bishop_n and_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n let_v we_o now_o see_v what_o be_v most_o likely_a to_o displease_v they_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a it_o shall_v be_v for_o be_v reduce_v to_o stand_v upon_o even_a ground_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o if_o in_o any_o thing_n they_o be_v make_v less_o and_o abridge_v of_o the_o power_n which_o the_o other_o have_v it_o stand_v most_o with_o reason_n they_o shall_v be_v trouble_v at_o that_o and_o to_o be_v force_v to_o walk_v out_o of_o the_o judgement-hall_n after_o they_o have_v cry_v crucifige_fw-la be_v a_o great_a lessen_v of_o their_o figure_n i_o think_v more_o than_o if_o they_o have_v not_o at_o all_o meddle_v in_o it_o but_o this_o worthy_a author_n say_v i_o have_v make_v use_n of_o the_o most_o imperfect_a copy_n of_o matthew_n paris_n and_o say_v in_o the_o vatican_n copy_n and_o several_a mss._n it_o run_v thus_o debent_fw-la interest_n judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la cum_fw-la baronibus_fw-la donec_fw-la perveniatur_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la ad_fw-la diminutionem_fw-la membrorum_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la now_o in_o my_o opinion_n this_o make_v more_o against_o the_o sense_n he_o will_v put_v upon_o these_o word_n which_o be_v that_o they_o may_v stay_v and_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o manage_v the_o debate_n upon_o the_o evidence_n and_o agree_v upon_o the_o sentence_n but_o must_v be_v go_v when_o it_o be_v pronounce_v which_o as_o i_o say_v before_o i_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o great_a scorn_n put_v upon_o they_o as_o blesensis_n say_v quid_fw-la hac_fw-la simulatione_fw-la perniciosius_fw-la est_fw-la nunquid_fw-la discutere_fw-la &_o definire_fw-la licitum_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la licet_fw-la pronunciare_fw-la for_o i_o shall_v think_v that_o mention_v in_o judicio_fw-la in_o the_o second_o part_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o different_z constructionthan_fw-ge judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la in_o the_o first_o part_n for_o there_o the_o judicia_fw-la curiae_fw-la which_o they_o may_v be_v present_a at_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o whole_a proceed_n from_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o the_o charge_n against_o a_o criminal_a person_n to_o the_o pronounce_v of_o the_o sentence_n and_o can_v it_o be_v rational_o think_v that_o judicium_fw-la in_o the_o second_o place_n shall_v be_v mean_v only_o of_o the_o sentence_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a part_n and_o which_o the_o corruption_n of_o man_n nature_n do_v chief_o lead_v he_o unto_o the_o poet_n say_v qui_fw-la nolunt_fw-la occidere_fw-la quenquam_fw-la posse_fw-la volunt_fw-la this_o power_n of_o kill_v and_o slay_v potestas_fw-la juvandi_fw-la &_o nocendi_fw-la be_v a_o please_a thing_n and_o we_o be_v natural_o angry_a with_o what_o abridge_v we_o of_o it_o so_o i_o must_v conclude_v this_o point_n that_o it_o be_v most_o probable_a the_o bishop_n be_v most_o scandalize_v at_o this_o eleven_o article_n second_o let_v we_o consider_v how_o to_o arrive_v at_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o that_o constitution_n which_o must_v be_v by_o compare_v the_o passage_n of_o these_o time_n together_o whereby_o we_o shall_v see_v how_o they_o understand_v it_o yoyu_n have_v already_o hear_v what_o petrus_n blesensis_n judge_v of_o those_o who_o will_v retain_v that_o image_n of_o judicature_n how_o much_o he_o blame_v they_o and_o what_o menace_n of_o god_n judgement_n he_o denounce_v against_o they_o for_o the_o word_n of_o that_o constitution_n be_v not_o so_o clear_a and_o positive_a that_o it_o give_v not_o ansam_fw-la disputandi_fw-la to_o those_o who_o inclination_n lead_v they_o to_o turn_v it_o into_o another_o sense_n and_o content_v themselves_o to_o play_v at_o small_a game_n rather_o than_o sit_v out_o altogether_o so_o the_o wisdom_n of_o that_o time_n to_o make_v it_o yet_o more_o plain_a and_o take_v away_o all_o ambiguity_n move_v the_o king_n to_o call_v another_o great_a council_n at_o westminster_n in_o the_o year_n 1175._o eleven_o year_n after_o ad_fw-la emendationem_fw-la anglicanae_n ecclesiae_fw-la ex_fw-la assensu_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o primorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la regni_fw-la where_o the_o three_o article_n be_v his_o qui_fw-la in_o sacris_fw-la ordinibus_fw-la constituti_fw-la sunt_fw-la judicium_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la agitare_fw-la non_fw-la licet_fw-la unde_fw-la prohibemus_fw-la ne_fw-la aut_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la membrorum_fw-la truncationes_fw-la faciant_fw-la aut_fw-la inferendas_fw-la judicent_fw-la quod_fw-la siquis_fw-la tale_n fecerit_fw-la concessi_fw-la ordinis_fw-la privetur_fw-la officio_fw-la &_o loco_fw-la inhibemus_fw-la etiam_fw-la sub_fw-la interminatione_fw-la anathematis_fw-la ne_fw-la quis_fw-la sacerdos_n habeat_fw-la vicecomitum_fw-la aut_fw-la praepositâ—…_n secularis_fw-la officium_fw-la it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o those_o who_o be_v in_o holy_a order_n to_o act_v at_o all_o in_o judgement_n of_o blood_n wherefore_o we_o forbid_v they_o to_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v with_o take_v off_o man_n limb_n or_o to_o judge_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n and_o if_o any_o do_v such_o a_o thing_n he_o shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o the_o office_n and_o dignity_n of_o his_o order_n and_o we_o also_o forbid_v under_o the_o pain_n of_o be_v anathematise_v that_o no_o priest_n shall_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o office_n of_o a_o sheriff_n or_o of_o a_o secular_a judge_n this_o make_v it_o out_o plain_a what_o the_o sense_n of_o those_o time_n be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o act_v at_o all_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n as_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n or_o as_o any_o other_o statute_n law_n but_o our_o author_n p._n 42._o quarrel_n at_o this_o as_o only_o stand_v upon_o roger_n hoveden_n authority_n and_o wish_n he_o have_v produce_v the_o whole_a canon_n entire_a for_o it_o here_o you_o have_v two_o of_o our_o ancient_a historian_n that_o live_v in_o these_o time_n and_o agree_v in_o terminis_fw-la upon_o the_o relation_n of_o what_o there_o pass_v but_o our_o author_n be_v not_o satisfy_v tell_v we_o the_o council_n of_o toledo_n make_v a_o etc._n etc._n and_o leave_v out_o the_o prohibition_n which_o declare_v the_o meaning_n and_o extent_n of_o their_o canon_n he_o will_v have_v this_o prohibition_n and_o sanction_n of_o deprivation_n to_o attend_v only_o upon_o the_o latter_a part_n that_o be_v if_o they_o do_v join_v in_o pronounce_v the_o sentence_n but_o where_o do_v he_o find_v that_o distinction_n allow_v it_o be_v what_o the_o clergy_n have_v frame_v and_o imagine_v to_o themselves_o to_o give_v they_o some_o power_n admit_v we_o shall_v allow_v they_o that_o it_o make_v it_o not_o the_o more_o lawful_a for_o they_o there_o be_v still_o a_o non_fw-la licet_fw-la which_o be_v subject_a to_o punishment_n and_o though_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n do_v not_o go_v to_o that_o height_n to_o cut_v off_o a_o member_n deprive_v he_o ab_fw-la officio_fw-la &_o beneficio_fw-la yet_o it_o may_v go_v less_o in_o a_o low_a sentence_n
not_o that_o the_o thing_n be_v true_a or_o that_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n give_v he_o any_o cause_n to_o take_v up_o that_o fancy_n their_o affectation_n of_o omnipotency_n be_v not_o to_o be_v free_v from_o that_o part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v agreeable_a with_o the_o law_n of_o the_o church_n which_o they_o be_v content_a to_o submit_v to_o but_o their_o desire_n be_v to_o be_v free_v from_o those_o they_o think_v be_v against_o they_o to_o wit_n to_o do_v service_n to_o the_o king_n for_o their_o land_n to_o answer_v to_o his_o justice_n and_o minister_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o secular_a power_n for_o any_o crime_n they_o shall_v commit_v these_o be_v the_o thing_n they_o storm_v at_o and_o be_v the_o ecclesiastical_a bondage_n and_o the_o wicked_a constitution_n matt._n paris_n and_o other_o historian_n of_o his_o time_n so_o much_o exclaim_v against_o because_o they_o will_v have_v have_v all_o their_o affair_n transact_v in_o their_o own_o court_n so_o that_o our_o author_n need_v not_o have_v spend_v ten_o page_n to_o prove_v what_o no_o body_n affirm_v much_o of_o the_o contest_v between_o the_o king_n and_o clergy_n arise_v from_o the_o charter_n grant_v by_o k._n stephen_n anno_fw-la 1136._o that_o all_o person_n and_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a shall_v appertain_v only_o to_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n which_o charter_n whatever_o stir_v they_o make_v about_o it_o according_a to_o our_o author_n logic_n be_v void_a for_o maud_n the_o empress_n daughter_z to_z henry_n the_o first_o three_o son_n to_o william_n the_o first_o and_o so_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v then_o alive_a to_o who_o the_o bishop_n and_o people_n have_v swear_v obedience_n and_o therefore_o king_n stephen_n be_v as_o much_o a_o usurper_n as_o hen._n the_o four_o this_o charter_n be_v the_o latis_fw-la offendiculi_fw-la the_o stumble_a stone_n they_o can_v not_o escape_v and_o the_o mere_a restore_n now_o at_o clarendon_n the_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n confirm_v to_o the_o people_n by_o hen._n 1._o be_v what_o give_v they_o the_o great_a disturbance_n not_o that_o they_o affect_v any_o omnipotency_n of_o judicature_n at_o least_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n insomuch_o that_o our_o author_n have_v no_o reason_n to_o pin_v a_o sense_n upon_o the_o word_n of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n to_o which_o he_o have_v no_o inducement_n from_o any_o word_n of_o that_o author_n have_v do_v with_o the_o occasion_n we_o 30._o come_v now_o to_o his_o second_o enforcement_n of_o his_o opinion_n viz._n the_o plain_a meaning_n of_o the_o word_n first_o he_o quarrel_v with_o the_o copy_n the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n follow_v take_v out_o of_o matt._n paris_n and_o wendover_n who_o notwithstanding_o in_o mr._n selden_n opinion_n have_v best_a preserve_v the_o meaning_n of_o this_o constitution_n seld._n tit_n hon_fw-mi part_n 2._o pa._n 703._o 703._o 704._o though_o i_o do_v not_o grant_v his_o vatican_n copy_n follow_v as_o he_o say_v geru._n doroberniensis_n be_v better_a yet_o for_o once_o i_o be_o content_a to_o follow_v his_o copy_n and_o admit_v the_o word_n in_o judicio_fw-la to_o be_v insert_v which_o be_v leave_v out_o by_o matt._n paris_n yet_o i_o think_v necessary_o employ_v but_o shall_v never_o yield_v to_o his_o unwarrantable_a construction_n of_o they_o which_o in_o conclusion_n amount_v to_o this_o that_o the_o bishop_n be_v bind_v to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n court_n in_o all_o judgement_n till_o it_o come_v to_o sentence_n of_o loss_n of_o life_n and_o member_n and_o then_o they_o may_v go_v out_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n if_o 32._o they_o please_v to_o which_o they_o pretend_v themselves_o bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o give_v obedience_n and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o pope_n mark_v this_o constitution_n with_o a_o hoc_fw-la tolerandum_fw-la the_o other_o with_o hoc_fw-la improbandum_fw-la i_o confess_v i_o think_v the_o interpretation_n of_o these_o word_n contrary_a to_o their_o natural_a sense_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n and_o practice_n of_o former_a time_n who_o have_v always_o understand_v they_o to_o import_v that_o the_o clergy_n ought_v to_o be_v present_a in_o all_o trial_n in_o parliament_n except_o in_o trial_n of_o blood_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v to_o make_v good_a the_o true_a sense_n and_o translation_n of_o these_o word_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o explain_v the_o signification_n of_o some_o of_o they_o first_o quousque_fw-la usque_fw-la quo_fw-la dummodo_fw-la praeterquam_fw-la be_v often_o time_n indifferent_o take_v as_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o be_v limit_v restrain_v particle_n and_o use_v as_o exception_n to_o something_o which_o go_v before_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d till_o what_o time_n till_o when_o so_o far_o forth_o except_o when_o or_o the_o like_a second_o judicium_fw-la signify_v proper_o a_o trial_n at_o law_n a_o case_n a_o suit_n or_o process_n and_o be_v not_o take_v for_o a_o definitive_a sentence_n except_o when_o it_o be_v deliver_v as_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o court_n result_v upon_o a_o precedent_a trial_n have_v before_o other_o in_o which_o he_o that_o pronounce_v sentence_n have_v not_o or_o very_o rare_o more_o than_o a_o directive_n power_n and_o do_v not_o give_v his_o own_o single_a opinion_n but_o the_o sense_n of_o other_o in_o matter_n debate_v actiones_fw-la quarum_fw-la causa_fw-la in_o jus_o cuique_fw-la voco_fw-la quandoque_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la judicia_fw-la ut_fw-mi in_o l._n in_o bon_fw-fr fid_fw-we 13._o de_fw-la usuris_fw-la l._n 4._o c._n tit_n 32._o l._n mora_fw-la s._n in_o bo_z fid_fw-we theophilus_n refert_fw-la in_o s._n 1._o de_fw-fr act._n quas_fw-la athenienses_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d dicebant_fw-la &_o budaeus_fw-la notat_fw-la in_o communi_fw-la lingua_fw-la graeca_n per_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d generali_fw-la nomine_fw-la dicebant_fw-la litem_fw-la actionem_fw-la paenam_fw-la mulctam_fw-la &_o judicium_fw-la to_o wit_n the_o whole_a proceed_n judicium_fw-la est_fw-la legitima_fw-la disceptatio_fw-la duorum_fw-la aut_fw-la plurium_fw-la coram_fw-la judice_fw-la cale_n dict._n calv._n lex_fw-la juridcirca_fw-la finem_fw-la to_o the_o same_o purpose_n by_o these_o authority_n and_o many_o more_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o judicium_fw-la judgement_n comprehend_v the_o whole_a proceed_n in_o any_o cause_n and_o not_o the_o sentence_n only_o pervenio_n signify_v to_o arrive_v at_o or_o the_o accomplishment_n or_o bound_n of_o any_o thing_n as_o pervenire_fw-la ad_fw-la metam_fw-la be_v to_o arrive_v at_o or_o come_v to_o the_o goal_n ovid_n speak_v of_o the_o return_v make_v by_o the_o echo_n have_v these_o word_n verba_fw-la refert_fw-la aures_fw-la non_fw-la pervenientia_fw-la nostras_fw-la word_n that_o arrive_v not_o at_o our_o ear_n they_o come_v not_o to_o the_o term_n or_o bound_n design_v so_o pervenior_fw-la in_o the_o passive_a voice_n must_v signify_v to_o be_v arrive_v at_o or_o accomplish_v in_o that_o judicium_fw-la in_o our_o case_n must_v be_v take_v in_o the_o sense_n i_o have_v give_v i_o shall_v evince_v from_o the_o general_a opinion_n of_o lawyer_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o word_n there_o be_v judicium_fw-la parium_n and_o understand_v of_o a_o trial_n by_o his_o equal_n the_o question_n which_o be_v ask_v the_o prisoner_n after_o their_o plea_n be_v not_o who_o shall_v give_v sentence_n upon_o thou_o but_o how_o will_v thou_o be_v try_v and_o they_o that_o give_v sentence_n be_v not_o those_o that_o try_v they_o in_o criminal_a case_n nay_o their_o appeal_n to_o a_o trial_n by_o they_o be_v account_v a_o stand_a mute_n the_o next_o authority_n shall_v be_v from_o the_o council_n at_o westminster_n in_o the_o 22._o year_n of_o hen._n 2._o no_o more_o than_o twelve_o year_n after_o the_o assize_n of_o clarendon_n 1175._o and_o as_o hoveden_n say_v take_v out_o of_o the_o 11._o of_o toledo_n and_o summon_v as_o gervas_n of_o canterbury_n say_v in_o hoc_fw-la consilio_fw-la ad_fw-la emendationem_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la anglicanae_n ex_fw-la assensu_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o primorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la regni_fw-la haec_fw-la subscripta_fw-la promulgata_fw-la sunt_fw-la capitula_fw-la among_o which_o this_o be_v one_o his_o qui_fw-la in_o sacris_fw-la ordinibus_fw-la constituti_fw-la sunt_fw-la judicium_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la agitare_fw-la non_fw-la licet_fw-la unde_fw-la prohibemus_fw-la ne_fw-la aut_fw-la inconvenient_a per_fw-la se_fw-la membrorum_fw-la truncationes_fw-la faciant_fw-la aut_fw-la inferendas_fw-la judicent_fw-la that_o such_o as_o be_v in_o holy_a order_n shall_v not_o agitate_v or_o meddle_v in_o trial_n of_o blood_n as_o a_o thing_n unlawful_a for_o which_o reason_n they_o be_v prohibit_v from_o cut_v off_o any_o member_n themselves_o or_o from_o give_v their_o opinion_n or_o judgement_n that_o such_o punishment_n ought_v to_o be_v inflict_v this_o synod_n we_o see_v be_v not_o only_o a_o meeting_n of_o the_o clergy_n but_o with_o they_o of_o the_o primores_fw-la regni_fw-la
bring_v in_o the_o chancellor_n and_o treasurer_n and_o such_o like_a officer_n and_o that_o all_o estate_n shall_v enjoy_v their_o liberty_n 15_o e._n 3._o n._n 6_o 7_o 8._o here_o be_v indeed_o a_o matter_n concern_v trial_n of_o nobleman_n have_v under_o consideration_n but_o never_o reduce_v to_o any_o law_n as_o the_o practice_n of_o subsequent_a time_n and_o the_o late_a bill_n of_o the_o lord_n about_o trial_n do_v enough_o manifest_v but_o do_v it_o not_o appear_v by_o this_o record_n that_o the_o bishop_n be_v not_o reckon_v nobles_z of_o the_o land_n when_o he_o find_v the_o chancellor_n and_o treasurer_n and_o such_o like_a officer_n attempt_v to_o be_v bring_v in_o at_o that_o time_n and_o so_o not_o to_o have_v have_v any_o right_n before_o but_o say_v our_o author_n it_o after_o follow_v that_o they_o may_v not_o lose_v their_o temporality_n land_n good_n and_o chattel_n now_o none_o be_v capable_a to_o lose_v their_o temporality_n but_o bishop_n therefore_o this_o law_n must_v have_v respect_n to_o they_o as_o well_o as_o other_o noble_n of_o the_o land_n the_o answer_n to_o this_o be_v very_o easy_a that_o the_o clergy_n who_o have_v then_o all_o power_n do_v endeavour_v to_o bring_v in_o their_o fellow_n the_o other_o great_a officer_n who_o be_v almost_o all_o churchman_n simon_n langham_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v chancellor_n william_n molso_o dean_n of_o st._n martin_n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr receiver_n and_o keeper_n of_o the_o king_n treasure_n and_o jewel_n with_o many_o other_o as_o you_o may_v find_v baker_n p._n 141._o these_o have_v temporality_n to_o lose_v and_o such_o officer_n the_o church_n always_o hope_v to_o have_v have_v of_o their_o own_o tribe_n but_o as_o i_o say_v before_o of_o this_o attempt_n come_v no_o other_o effect_n than_o to_o show_v their_o aspire_a thought_n and_o whatever_o opinion_n the_o author_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o 128._o the_o house_n of_o peer_n be_v of_o as_o to_o the_o roll_n of_o 4_o edw._n 3._o i_o believe_v the_o law_n at_o this_o day_n will_v not_o be_v so_o take_v that_o a_o chancellor_n be_v no_o peer_n shall_v be_v so_o try_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o office_n i_o be_o sure_a my_o lord_n keeper_n bridgman_n be_v no_o peer_n never_o vote_v in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n and_o the_o present_a lord_n chancellor_n when_o he_o give_v his_o vote_n go_v to_o his_o place_n as_o a_o baron_n see_v hakewell_n p._n 114._o ancient_a custom_n how_o these_o great_a officer_n be_v place_v in_o parliament_n when_o they_o be_v peer_n and_o when_o not_o and_o certain_o if_o their_o place_n be_v different_a their_o trial_n ought_v to_o be_v so_o too_o neither_o can_v it_o seem_v reasonable_a to_o any_o considerate_a man_n that_o a_o person_n though_o such_o a_o officer_n shall_v not_o be_v capacit_v to_o give_v his_o vote_n as_o a_o baron_n and_o yet_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o office_n shall_v be_v try_v by_o nobleman_n therefore_o i_o must_v take_v leave_n to_o deny_v what_o he_o affirm_v that_o they_o be_v peer_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o office_n or_o that_o they_o have_v right_o to_o be_v present_a in_o parliament_n in_o all_o case_n of_o judicature_n so_o as_o to_o concur_v in_o sentence_n with_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o land_n as_o our_o author_n affirm_v pag._n 132._o the_o king_n may_v make_v 132._o who_o he_o please_v chancellor_n and_o the_o statute_n assign_v his_o place_n but_o he_o can_v vote_v there_o without_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n to_o that_o purpose_n as_o i_o conceive_v see_v old_a modus_fw-la hakewell_n p._n 14._o i_o have_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o this_o treatise_n speak_v large_o to_o that_o point_n and_o show_v in_o what_o sense_n a_o bishop_n may_v be_v call_v peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o pag._n 90_o and_o 91._o have_v handle_v the_o matter_n of_o proxy_n therefore_o may_v pass_v over_o the_o case_n of_o archbishop_n arundel_n which_o our_o author_n propose_v pag._n 128._o to_o the_o case_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pool_n i_o have_v speak_v before_o only_o shall_v here_o observe_v that_o the_o submit_v his_o cause_n to_o the_o king_n be_v no_o waver_v of_o his_o peerage_n for_o the_o matter_n never_o come_v to_o any_o formal_a issue_n consider_v thâ—…_n case_n of_o nicholas_n segrave_n in_o 31_o edw._n 1._o 1_n ridley_n p._n 266._o who_o be_v accuse_v of_o many_o crime_n segrave_n be_v summon_v thereunto_o appear_v in_o full_a parliament_n confess_v the_o fact_n and_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n this_o be_v no_o waver_v of_o any_o legal_a trial_n by_o his_o peer_n nor_o any_o disrespect_n to_o the_o lord_n who_o may_v otherwise_o have_v order_v the_o summon_n a_o jury_n to_o try_v the_o fact_n but_o by_o the_o king_n pardon_n that_o labour_n be_v save_v the_o like_a may_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o that_o famous_a case_n between_o the_o earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o essex_n against_o the_o earl_n of_o glovester_n and_o hertford_n in_o 20_o edw._n 1._o riley_n p._n 74._o where_o upon_o a_o very_a long_o plead_v the_o case_n in_o effect_n prove_v to_o be_v but_o this_o the_o earl_n of_o hereford_n complain_v to_o the_o king_n of_o great_a robbery_n depredation_n and_o murder_v commit_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n in_o his_o land_n in_o brecknock_n after_o the_o king_n inhibition_n the_o king_n for_o remedy_n of_o this_o appoint_v the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n william_n of_o valence_n his_o uncle_n john_n mettingham_n and_o robert_n hertford_n to_o hear_v the_o complaint_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n and_o also_o the_o answer_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o his_o servant_n to_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o to_o summon_v a_o jury_n for_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o same_o and_o also_o command_v robert_n tiptoft_n justiciario_fw-la svo_fw-la de_fw-la westwell_n to_o be_v there_o present_a and_o to_o summon_v the_o say_v delinquent_n to_o be_v before_o the_o say_a commissioner_n and_o that_o enquiry_n shall_v be_v make_v per_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la tam_fw-la magnatnm_fw-la quam_fw-la aliorum_fw-la proborum_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o legalium_fw-la de_fw-la partibus_fw-la walliae_fw-la &_o comitat_fw-la glocest._n they_o that_o be_v the_o magnate_v which_o it_o seem_v be_v nobleman_n except_v against_o the_o take_n a_o oath_n and_o say_v it_o be_v unheard_a of_o and_o that_o they_o will_v do_v nothing_o sine_z consideratione_n parium_n suorum_fw-la the_o jury_n give_v in_o their_o verdict_n against_o gloucester_n the_o party_n all_o submit_v to_o the_o way_n king_n who_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o archbishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o who_o be_v of_o his_o counsel_n declare_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n have_v forfeit_v his_o liberty_n etc._n etc._n the_o word_n be_v videtur_fw-la tam_fw-la ipsi_fw-la dom._n regi_fw-la quam_fw-la caeteris_fw-la praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o reliquis_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la ejus_fw-la quoad_fw-la comitem_fw-la glocestriae_fw-la quod_fw-la libertas_n sua_fw-la praedicta_fw-la viz._n totum_fw-la regale_n in_fw-la terris_fw-la suis_fw-la praedictis_fw-la de_fw-fr mergannon_n cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la pro_fw-la se_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la foris_fw-la facta_fw-la est_fw-la ratione_fw-la delicti_fw-la praedicti_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o this_o record_n there_o be_v many_o thing_n observable_a first_o the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n here_o mention_v be_v not_o a_o judge_n in_o this_o case_n between_o the_o two_o earl_n but_o join_v in_o commission_n with_o other_o who_o be_v empower_v to_o summon_v a_o jury_n to_o inquire_v of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n not_o to_o condemn_v either_o party_n but_o be_v only_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o inquest_n or_o grand-jury_n in_o order_n to_o a_o trial._n 2._o that_o nobleman_n magnate_v such_o as_o refuse_v to_o take_v a_o oath_n be_v return_v of_o the_o jury_n 3._o that_o the_o verdict_n be_v give_v in_o to_o the_o commissioner_n notwithstanding_o some_o of_o the_o jury_n be_v not_o swear_v 4._o that_o the_o jury_n be_v summon_v out_o of_o several_a county_n viz._n glocestershire_n and_o wales_n last_o and_o that_o for_o which_o i_o have_v chief_o produce_v it_o that_o this_o submission_n of_o both_o party_n to_o the_o king_n be_v no_o waver_v of_o their_o peerage_n neither_o do_v it_o appear_v that_o this_o award_v make_v by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o those_o prelate_n earl_n etc._n etc._n be_v make_v in_o parliament_n though_o it_o be_v inter_fw-la placita_fw-la parliamentaria_fw-la but_o only_o by_o such_o private_a counselor_n as_o the_o king_n think_v fit_a to_o make_v use_n of_o in_o that_o affair_n that_o it_o be_v no_o parliamentary_a judgement_n be_v evident_a from_o these_o two_o reason_n first_o the_o put_v themselves_o to_o the_o reference_n of_o the_o king_n be_v no_o put_v themselves_o upon_o any_o trial_n by_o their_o peer_n because_o that_o shall_v have_v be_v do_v only_o
baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o land_n etc._n etc._n it_o do_v not_o from_o hence_o necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o commons_o be_v then_o present_a for_o the_o word_n and_o may_v be_v take_v 59_o exegetical_o and_o expositive_a and_o not_o introductive_a of_o any_o other_o person_n and_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la do_v many_o time_n extend_v to_o the_o prelate_n and_o baron_n therefore_o it_o be_v say_v si_fw-mi videatur_fw-la communitati_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la here_o lie_v the_o force_n of_o all_o the_o cavil_n upon_o the_o record_n mention_v other_o beside_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o mr._n hunt_n insist_o upon_o the_o same_o in_o effect_n with_o the_o very_a same_o instance_n i_o shall_v here_o chief_o 2._o apply_v myself_o to_o mr._n w._n and_o i_o can_v but_o observe_v that_o what_o i_o have_v here_o cite_v out_o of_o his_o book_n either_o contain_v a_o assertion_n without_o any_o manner_n of_o proof_n offer_v or_o else_o the_o latter_a part_n be_v use_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o other_o but_o sure_o it_o be_v a_o odd_a kind_n of_o proof_n that_o and_o may_v be_v use_v exegetical_o because_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la may_v extend_v to_o several_a particular_n and_o as_o well_o to_o prelate_n and_o baron_n as_o other_o when_o particular_o express_v along_o with_o it_o which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o that_o the_o other_o word_n be_v exegetical_a or_o expositive_a of_o communitas_fw-la not_o that_o comâ—…as_v or_o and_o join_v with_o it_o can_v be_v expositive_a of_o those_o other_o word_n wherefore_o the_o assertion_n that_o and_o may_v be_v use_v exegetical_o stand_v naked_a by_o itself_o without_o any_o colourable_a cover_n or_o support_v and_o i_o will_v glad_o see_v at_o least_o some_o colour_n for_o the_o belief_n that_o the_o conjunction_n and_o be_v ever_o use_v as_o expositive_a or_o exegetical_a of_o any_o word_n or_o word_n forego_v indeed_o when_o it_o be_v husband_n and_o wife_n they_o may_v notional_o be_v the_o same_o in_o affection_n and_o desire_n and_o become_v one_o flesh_n as_o body_n and_o soul_n make_v one_o man_n but_o i_o think_v no_o man_n will_v say_v that_o the_o wife_n be_v exegetical_a of_o the_o husband_n and_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v mention_v before_o when_o the_o husband_n be_v name_v nor_o will_v any_o but_o such_o as_o believe_v the_o mortality_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o that_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o temperament_n of_o the_o body_n or_o its_o animal_n spirit_n suppose_v the_o soul_n and_o body_n to_o be_v the_o same_o indeed_o if_o they_o be_v the_o body_n ought_v to_o stand_v by_o itself_o without_o mention_n of_o the_o soul_n with_o a_o distinctive_a and._n till_o some_o one_o instance_n can_v be_v produce_v in_o which_o mr._n w._n can_v make_v it_o out_o to_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o mankind_n that_o and_o aught_o to_o be_v use_v otherwise_o than_o as_o introductive_a of_o something_o not_o express_o mention_v before_o he_o must_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o think_v that_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o our_o dispute_n and_o be_v necessary_o introductive_a of_o some_o other_o person_n but_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o make_v and_o exegetical_a where_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o instance_n give_v in_o the_o record_n 48_o h._n 3._o si_fw-mi videatur_fw-la communitati_fw-la praelaturum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la et_fw-la mus_fw-la by_o plain_a consequence_n be_v exegetical_a of_o the_o praelati_fw-la and_o so_o the_o baron_n be_v only_o the_o community_n of_o or_o all_o the_o praelate_n i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v obvious_a that_fw-mi and_o of_o itself_o can_v never_o be_v expositive_a the_o question_n than_o will_v be_v what_o may_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v the_o exposition_n of_o word_n which_o single_o take_v be_v of_o more_o general_n or_o more_o restrain_a sense_n and_o how_o far_o they_o may_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v enlarge_v or_o restrain_v according_a to_o their_o position_n or_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o word_n which_o be_v use_v along_o with_o they_o and_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o interpretation_n that_o a_o word_n use_v in_o a_o general_a sense_n and_o as_o comprehend_v other_o shall_v explain_v those_o other_o particular_o set_v down_o as_o that_o communitas_fw-la which_o here_o mr._n w._n will_v have_v take_v in_o a_o general_a sense_n as_o not_o confine_v to_o one_o order_n shall_v explain_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o praelate_n peer_n and_o baron_n before_o particularise_v on_o the_o other_o side_n word_n of_o a_o particular_a explicit_a meaning_n come_v before_o or_o after_o one_o of_o more_o general_a import_n shall_v explain_v and_o restrain_v the_o general_a sense_n thus_o praelatorum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la either_o before_o or_o after_o communitar_n restrain_v that_o word_n communitas_fw-la to_o the_o community_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o baron_n and_o i_o dare_v say_v no_o one_o record_n can_v be_v show_v of_o the_o time_n either_o before_o or_o after_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o which_o will_v warrant_v a_o contrary_a exposition_n of_o such_o word_n and_o indeed_o there_o have_v no_o reason_n be_v pretend_v why_o communitas_fw-la or_o populus_fw-la join_v to_o some_o order_n of_o man_n express_v shall_v be_v the_o same_o with_o what_o go_v before_o but_o what_o be_v a_o manifest_a beg_n of_o the_o question_n and_o suppose_v that_o the_o commons_o be_v not_o present_a in_o the_o general_a council_n at_o the_o time_n the_o record_n mention_v and_o therefore_o that_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la or_o populus_fw-la be_v superfluous_a and_o refer_v to_o what_o be_v sufficient_o express_v before_o be_v comprehensive_a of_o the_o forego_n particular_n as_o mr._n hunt_n will_v have_v it_o this_o illogical_a petitio_fw-la 152._o principij_fw-la be_v a_o leaden_a vein_n which_o run_v through_o all_o doctor_n brady_n write_n but_o let_v we_o a_o little_a observe_v the_o penning_n of_o record_n which_o may_v give_v light_n to_o this_o matter_n you_o shall_v there_o find_v word_n of_o a_o restrain_a sense_n follow_v one_o of_o more_o general_n to_o be_v exegetical_a or_o explanatory_a of_o the_o general_a as_o the_o peer_n earl_n and_o baron_n baron_n there_o earl_n and_o baron_n denote_v what_o peer_n be_v mean_v because_o there_o may_v have_v be_v banneret_n a_o inferior_a order_n of_o peer_n then_o you_o shall_v find_v word_n of_o a_o limit_a sense_n go_v before_o to_o be_v restrictive_a of_o a_o word_n follow_v which_o otherwise_o will_v have_v have_v a_o more_o general_a sense_n as_o earl_n and_o baron_n the_o peer_n there_o the_o earl_n parl._n and_o baron_n be_v the_o only_a peer_n but_o where_o it_o be_v earl_n baron_n and_o peer_n there_o neither_o the_o first_o nor_o the_o last_o word_n can_v be_v expositive_a because_o and_n sever_v they_o and_o consequent_o make_v they_o to_o be_v of_o different_a sense_n wherefore_o and_n be_v necessary_o introductive_a of_o other_o person_n and_o the_o word_n peer_n which_o without_o and_o may_v have_v be_v a_o genus_fw-la to_o the_o several_a species_n of_o earl_n and_o baron_n must_v needs_o be_v a_o inferior_a species_n under_o a_o genus_fw-la not_o there_o mention_v but_o still_o peer_n can_v not_o have_v explain_v the_o earl_n and_o baron_n but_o earl_n and_o baron_n will_v be_v expositive_a of_o peer_n which_o be_v more_o comprehensive_a in_o its_o signification_n and_o thus_o where_o it_o be_v communitas_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la communitas_fw-la be_v the_o genus_fw-la to_o these_o two_o species_n and_o the_o more_o particular_a word_n restrain_v the_o communitas_fw-la to_o they_o wherefore_o it_o be_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o baron_n and_o none_o else_o but_o where_o it_o be_v praelati_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &_o populus_fw-la or_o &_o communitas_fw-la there_o the_o populus_fw-la or_o communitas_fw-la must_v be_v inferior_a to_o the_o rest_n particular_o mention_v be_v there_o be_v a_o descent_n from_o the_o high_a order_n still_o to_o the_o low_a if_o they_o begin_v at_o the_o bottom_n they_o end_v with_o the_o high_a at_o least_o that_o which_o be_v add_v at_o the_o last_o must_v be_v something_o distinct_a or_o different_a from_o or_o not_o paticular_o express_v in_o what_o go_v before_o which_o be_v enough_o for_o my_o purpose_n i_o shall_v close_v this_o with_o a_o few_o more_o example_n out_o of_o record_n in_o a_o general_n council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n hold_v in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o king_n john_n reign_n after_o he_o have_v marry_v his_o second_o wife_n have_v be_v divorce_v from_o the_o first_o the_o new_a queen_n be_v solemn_o crown_v unanimi_fw-la consensu_fw-la &_o concordi_fw-la voluntate_fw-la 33._o archiepiscoporum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la cleri_fw-la et_fw-la populi_n totius_fw-la regni_fw-la magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v confirm_v in_o a_o general_n council_n of_o the_o
which_o he_o think_v he_o demonstrate_v whereas_o mr._n w._n take_v the_o curia_n to_o have_v be_v the_o only_a court_n where_o the_o tenant_n can_v pretend_v to_o come_v ex_fw-la debito_fw-la or_o ratione_fw-la tenurae_fw-la mr._n hunt_v will_v have_v it_o that_o they_o and_o they_o only_a come_v both_o to_o the_o curia_n and_o to_o parliament_n ex_fw-la debito_fw-la whatever_o other_o might_n sometime_o have_v be_v call_v ex_fw-la gratia_n but_o then_o he_o think_v that_o he_o have_v find_v a_o sure_a mean_n to_o distinguish_v which_o be_v a_o parliament_n and_o which_o be_v a_o curia_n by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o summons_n if_o it_o be_v to_o all_o tenant_n in_o chief_a by_o knight_n service_n general_o it_o make_v a_o curia_n if_o the_o great_a baron_n have_v special_a summons_n it_o be_v a_o parliament_n in_o his_o judgement_n to_o convince_v 1â—…8_n he_o of_o he_o mistake_v in_o this_o and_o other_o matter_n which_o he_o may_v have_v rectify_v if_o he_o have_v not_o undervalue_v the_o study_n of_o english_a antiquity_n will_v not_o be_v enough_o to_o he_o unless_o i_o likewise_o show_v how_o convenient_a it_o will_v have_v be_v for_o he_o to_o have_v have_v more_o regard_n to_o some_o of_o those_o matter_n of_o fact_n within_o that_o learning_n which_o i_o conceive_v i_o have_v make_v good_a against_o dr._n brady_n and_o which_o mr._n hunt_n have_v not_o yet_o vouchsafe_v to_o confute_v otherwise_o than_o by_o a_o ipse_fw-la dixit_fw-la first_o wherefore_o i_o shall_v first_o show_v he_o some_o mistake_v which_o i_o be_o concern_v to_o represent_v to_o he_o and_o that_o 1._o as_o to_o the_o matter_n in_o issue_n in_o relation_n to_o what_o our_o government_n be_v before_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o 2._o as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o summon_v the_o parliament_n or_o general_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o curia_n whereby_o he_o think_v he_o be_v able_a to_o distinguish_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o second_o i_o shall_v show_v the_o erroniousness_n of_o some_o supposition_n which_o may_v have_v contribute_v to_o mr._n hunt_n belief_n that_o the_o tenant_n in_o chief_a be_v the_o only_a member_n of_o the_o parliament_n till_o the_o 49th_o hen._n 3._o or_o that_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la only_o constitute_v both_o the_o curia_n and_o the_o parliament_n according_a to_o the_o fancy_a different_a summons_n three_o i_o shall_v show_v that_o he_o himself_o in_o effect_n grant_v that_o more_o than_o tenant_n in_o chief_a have_v right_a to_o come_v to_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o which_o the_o nation_n be_v right_n be_v involve_v four_o that_o even_o according_a to_o his_o own_o notion_n of_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la all_o proprietor_n of_o land_n as_o such_o have_v till_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o right_a to_o come_v to_o the_o general_n council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n five_o that_o whereas_o he_o will_v set_v aside_o the_o question_n of_o what_o the_o government_n be_v till_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o as_o impertinent_a 1._o his_o own_o notion_n by_o which_o he_o will_v supplant_v the_o labour_n of_o other_o destroy_n itself_o while_o i_o maintain_v what_o he_o aim_v at_o 2._o he_o put_v such_o matter_n in_o issue_n for_o assert_v the_o present_a government_n as_o can_v never_o be_v maintain_v 3._o he_o yield_v so_o much_o of_o the_o fact_n against_o i_o as_o set_v aside_o the_o whole_a foundation_n of_o his_o postscript_n and_o yet_o admit_v he_o answer_v all_o objection_n against_o his_o postscript_n the_o ground_n which_o i_o go_v upon_o be_v of_o the_o most_o general_a use_n 1._o the_o first_o of_o he_o mistake_v which_o i_o can_v but_o animadvert_v on_o seem_v to_o be_v wilful_a for_o he_o render_v the_o matter_n of_o late_o put_v in_o mistake_v issue_n as_o to_o what_o our_o government_n be_v before_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o to_o be_v whether_o the_o county_n in_o all_o this_o time_n have_v their_o representative_n in_o parliament_n by_o the_o formality_n 155._o of_o a_o choice_n and_o as_o if_o our_o government_n be_v according_a to_o the_o concession_n of_o they_o who_o have_v late_o appear_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o it_o to_o take_v its_o fate_n upon_o this_o issue_n viz._n whether_o our_o present_a house_n of_o commons_o in_o the_o 154._o same_o form_n as_o it_o be_v now_o constitute_v be_v not_o in_o be_v ever_o after_o the_o conquest_n and_o as_o if_o we_o shall_v yield_v that_o otherwise_o it_o be_v no_o essential_a part_n of_o our_o government_n i_o must_v confess_v according_a to_o his_o insinuation_n that_o whoever_o put_v it_o upon_o this_o point_n betray_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o government_n 154._o but_o he_o will_v do_v well_o to_o name_v the_o man_n who_o have_v do_v this_o disservice_n this_o i_o must_v confess_v i_o have_v insist_v upon_o that_o proprietor_n of_o land_n as_o such_o without_o consideration_n of_o tenure_n or_o collate_v dignity_n have_v from_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o first_o downward_o to_o the_o 49th_o of_o h._n 3._o enjoy_v a_o right_n of_o come_v to_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o can_v not_o be_v bind_v by_o any_o law_n to_o which_o they_o have_v not_o consent_v either_o in_o person_n or_o by_o representation_n yield_v to_o sometime_o before_o but_o not_o settle_v till_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o and_o mr._n petyt_n have_v satisfy_v mr._n hunt_v 179._o himself_o that_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n be_v represent_v in_o parliament_n from_o time_n beyond_o the_o account_n of_o record_n or_o history_n but_o this_o i_o desire_v may_v be_v consider_v that_o admit_v there_o be_v no_o representation_n of_o the_o freeholders_n of_o the_o county_n settle_v at_o any_o time_n within_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n iii_n or_o in_o any_o other_o king_n reignnow_n appear_v and_o far_o that_o it_o can_v be_v show_v that_o such_o freeholders_n ever_n come_v to_o the_o general_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o their_o own_o personal_a interest_n yet_o however_o if_o it_o appear_v that_o such_o as_o be_v now_o represent_v by_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o respective_a shire_n give_v their_o vote_n to_o parliamentary_a proceed_n by_o such_o as_o they_o particular_o appoint_v to_o that_o end_n before_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o the_o present_a constitution_n stand_v sufficient_o establish_v without_o the_o least_o imputation_n of_o novelty_n or_o usurpation_n and_o this_o be_v enough_o for_o my_o purpose_n 32._o but_o since_o many_o argument_n induce_v the_o belief_n that_o before_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o such_o ordinary_a freeholders_n often_o come_v to_o the_o general_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o special_a election_n and_o representation_n i_o shall_v have_v give_v too_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o underminer_n of_o common_a right_n if_o i_o shall_v have_v undertake_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o county_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o repute_a conquest_n downward_o always_o have_v their_o representative_n by_o the_o formality_n of_o a_o choice_n which_o mr._n hunt_v i_o thank_v he_o will_v put_v upon_o i_o to_o prove_v his_o second_o mistake_v as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o summon_v the_o great_a council_n and_o the_o curia_n wherein_o he_o think_v that_o there_o lie_v a_o essential_a difference_n between_o the_o two_o court_n be_v near_o conjoin_v to_o the_o first_o and_o if_o it_o be_v no_o mistake_n will_v overthrow_v my_o notion_n for_o if_o as_o he_o hold_v only_a tenant_n in_o chief_a make_v the_o general_n council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o well_o as_o the_o curia_n than_o my_o belief_n that_o other_o beside_o such_o tenant_n have_v right_a to_o come_v to_o the_o general_n council_n will_v be_v groundless_a and_o it_o may_v be_v probable_a that_o the_o different_a 149._o summons_n may_v distinguish_v the_o court_n but_o whereas_o he_o fancy_v it_o to_o have_v be_v a_o distinctive_a mark_n or_o certain_a diagnostic_n of_o a_o parliament_n where_o the_o summons_n be_v personal_a to_o the_o bishop_n earls_z and_o the_o great_a baron_n if_o he_o have_v be_v please_v to_o have_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o consult_v the_o record_n he_o will_v have_v find_v the_o summons_n to_o have_v be_v as_o personal_a to_o the_o war_n and_o consequent_o to_o the_o curia_n which_o beside_o other_o occasion_n for_o its_o sit_v be_v hold_v at_o the_o place_n of_o rendezvous_n to_o charge_v escuage_z upon_o the_o 240._o defaulter_n as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o general_n council_n which_o if_o i_o prove_v i_o hope_v it_o will_v be_v yield_v that_o the_o essential_a difference_n of_o those_o two_o court_n can_v not_o arise_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o summons_n to_o the_o king_n tenant_n whether_o all_o be_v call_v in_o general_a or_o some_o among_o the_o rest_n in_o particular_a but_o from_o the_o person_n summon_v whether_o only_a tenant_n in_o chief_a or_o other_o
yet_o he_o will_v not_o allow_v the_o legislative_a power_n to_o be_v in_o one_o here_o every_o government_n 28._o say_v he_o be_v the_o representative_a of_o the_o people_n in_o what_o they_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o it_o by_o their_o consent_n to_o it_o in_o the_o first_o erect_v thereof_o they_o do_v trust_v their_o governor_n 155._o with_o the_o rule_n and_o order_n of_o their_o life_n and_o estate_n for_o the_o common-weal_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v his_o meaning_n of_o material_o the_o same_o as_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o needful_a in_o order_n to_o the_o maintain_v the_o present_a right_n of_o the_o commons_o to_o show_v that_o the_o county_n in_o all_o this_o time_n have_v their_o representative_n in_o parliament_n by_o the_o formality_n of_o a_o choice_n which_o no_o man_n that_o i_o know_v of_o have_v of_o late_o labour_v to_o prove_v but_o if_o this_o be_v his_o meaning_n of_o material_o the_o same_o than_o all_o government_n be_v material_o the_o same_o whereas_o they_o may_v be_v so_o formal_o as_o found_v in_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n which_o he_o presuppose_v but_o if_o william_n the_o first_o be_v a_o absolute_a conqueror_n as_o he_o all_o along_o yield_v to_o dr._n brady_n where_o be_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n to_o his_o government_n and_o how_o can_v a_o government_n by_o consent_n now_o of_o constituent_a part_n different_z from_o what_o he_o think_v we_o be_v at_o the_o first_o erection_n by_o the_o conquest_n be_v either_o material_o or_o formal_o the_o same_o with_o such_o a_o government_n by_o conquest_n but_o we_o must_v seek_v further_o for_o his_o 148._o meaning_n in_o material_o the_o same_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o parliament_n and_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la be_v material_o the_o same_o that_o be_v as_o one_o will_v think_v there_o consist_v of_o the_o same_o member_n the_o only_a difference_n be_v lay_v to_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o summons_n and_o yet_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o ancient_a burrough_n send_v member_n 151._o to_o parliament_n but_o that_o such_o be_v not_o suitor_n to_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la how_o then_o be_v these_o material_o the_o same_o thus_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o he_o have_v lay_v no_o manner_n of_o foundation_n for_o our_o government_n by_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o or_o by_o king_n and_o three_o state_n which_o he_o take_v to_o have_v be_v the_o eâ—…entials_n of_o our_o government_n from_o the_o conquest_n but_o what_o himself_o undermine_v whereas_o what_o i_o go_v upon_o prevent_v all_o manner_n of_o pretence_n for_o unh_v of_o it_o and_o be_v the_o same_o in_o effect_n with_o what_o the_o great_a fortescue_n observe_v in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 6._o et_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la nationum_fw-la harum_fw-la &_o regum_fw-la b._n earum_fw-la temporibus_fw-la regnum_fw-la illud_fw-la eisdem_fw-la quibus_fw-la jam_fw-la regiter_fw-la consuetudinibus_fw-la continuè_fw-fr regulatum_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la optimae_fw-la extitissent_fw-la aliqui_fw-la illorum_fw-la justitiâ_fw-la ratione_fw-la vel_fw-la affectione_n concitati_fw-la eas_fw-la mut_n assent_n indeed_o this_o assertion_n of_o that_o famous_a chancellor_n have_v be_v much_o explode_v by_o those_o who_o think_v that_o the_o alter_n of_o some_o law_n or_o custom_n be_v a_o change_n of_o the_o government_n and_o therefore_o say_v that_o he_o be_v great_o mistake_v because_o many_o old_a custom_n have_v be_v abolish_v whereas_o he_o certain_o mean_v it_o of_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n which_o as_o far_o as_o ever_o i_o can_v learn_v be_v and_o be_v that_o every_o proprietor_n of_o land_n especial_o shall_v in_o the_o general_n council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n consent_n to_o the_o make_v those_o law_n under_o which_o they_o be_v to_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o confessor_n as_o appear_v in_o 1._o the_o transcript_n of_o his_o law_n there_o be_v a_o folcmote_a or_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o people_n of_o all_o the_o county_n of_o england_n which_o be_v to_o be_v hold_v once_o a_o year_n on_o the_o kalend_n of_o may_n to_o treat_v of_o all_o matter_n of_o state_n and_o public_a concern_v the_o very_a law_n for_o such_o assembly_n be_v receive_v and_o confirm_v in_o the_o four_o of_o william_n the_o first_o so_o that_o then_o by_o law_n and_o of_o right_n whatever_o be_v the_o fact_n the_o people_n of_o all_o the_o county_n of_o england_n that_o be_v all_o the_o member_n of_o the_o county_n court_v the_o freeholders_n be_v to_o meet_v in_o a_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n as_o we_o now_o call_v it_o admit_v that_o this_o be_v to_o be_v take_v of_o every_o county_n respective_o which_o be_v to_o make_v as_o many_o distinct_a government_n as_o county_n still_o the_o 3._o adunatio_fw-la conciliorum_fw-la or_o call_v hund._n together_o of_o the_o county_n and_o hundred_o as_o often_o as_o there_o be_v need_v which_o h._n the_o â—…st_o promise_a by_o his_o charter_n will_v come_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o that_o all_o the_o member_n of_o the_o several_a 32._o county_n court_v be_v member_n of_o the_o great_a or_o general_a council_n and_o come_v according_o if_o they_o please_v not_o to_o mention_v the_o several_a authority_n by_o i_o former_o insist_v on_o i_o conceive_v may_v appear_v by_o compare_v two_o author_n of_o undoubted_a credit_n and_o sufficient_a antiquity_n who_o show_v what_o the_o great_a council_n be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o in_o the_o 16_o of_o henry_n the_o second_o that_o king_n hold_v his_o easter_n court_n baron_n at_o windsor_n as_o bromton_n show_v we_o rer_fw-mi tenuit_fw-la curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la in_o solemnitate_fw-la paschali_fw-la thither_o indeed_o 1060._o be_v flock_v most_o of_o the_o nobility_n fere_n omnes_fw-la regni_fw-la anglae_fw-la episcopii_n &_o magnate_v but_o this_o be_v a_o curia_n de_fw-fr more_fw-it or_o a_o ordinary_a court_n which_o no_o more_o than_o tenant_n in_o chief_a be_v oblige_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o nothing_o of_o universal_a obligation_n can_v then_o be_v establish_v wherefore_o from_o hence_o the_o king_n go_v to_o london_n where_o as_o that_o historian_n say_v de_fw-fr coronatione_fw-la silij_fw-la svi_fw-la 1170._o henrici_fw-la majores_fw-la &_o regui_fw-la svi_fw-la statutis_fw-la magnum_fw-la celebravit_fw-la concilium_fw-la gervasius_n who_o 1412._o live_v in_o that_o very_a time_n acquaint_v we_o particular_o with_o the_o summons_n and_o appearance_n thereupon_o convenerunt_fw-la die_fw-la statuto_fw-la ex_fw-la mandato_fw-la regis_fw-la ad_fw-la londoniam_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la episcopi_fw-la abbates_n comites_fw-la barones_n vicecomites_a praepositi_fw-la aldermanni_n cum_fw-la fide-iussoribus_a suis._n there_o assemble_v at_o london_n according_a to_o the_o king_n summons_n the_o bishop_n abbot_n sheriff_n the_o head_n of_o hundred_o and_o of_o tything_n etiam_fw-la with_o all_o the_o frank-pledge_n throughout_o england_n unless_o the_o fidejussores_a answer_n to_o the_o manucaptores_fw-la of_o which_o immediate_o if_o this_o take_v not_o in_o all_o the_o freeholders_n aldermannus_n of_o england_n i_o know_v not_o what_o will_v for_o he_o that_o be_v within_o no_o free-pledge_a or_o be_v no_o fide-jussor_a be_v either_o a_o outlaw_n or_o not_o his_o own_o man_n but_o his_o that_o be_v to_o be_v answerable_a for_o he_o but_o every_o master_n of_o a_o family_n or_o 192._o freeholder_n that_o be_v within_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n be_v one_o of_o the_o frank-pledge_n and_o indeed_o bronton_n tell_v we_o in_o express_a term_n that_o all_o the_o libere_fw-la svi_fw-la regni_fw-la tenentes_fw-la all_o the_o freeholders_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v there_o for_o they_o all_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o the_o young_a king_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o father_n omnes_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &_o liberos_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la tenentes_fw-la devenire_fw-la homines_fw-la novi_fw-la regis_fw-la silij_fw-la svi_fw-la sibique_fw-la super_fw-la reliquias_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la ligeantias_n 10â—…1_n &_o fidelitates_fw-la jurare_fw-la fidelitate_fw-la semper_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la suâ_fw-la saluâ_fw-la but_o if_o the_o fidejussores_fw-la mention_v in_o gervasius_n nature_n be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o manucaptores_fw-la which_o use_v to_o answer_v for_o the_o appearance_n of_o they_o that_o be_v choose_v to_o represent_v the_o county_n city_n and_o borough_n in_o parliament_n than_o here_o be_v positive_a proof_n of_o such_o representation_n of_o the_o commons_o as_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n i._n edw._n ii_o and_o so_o downward_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o the_o pledge_n or_o manucaptor_n for_o the_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n choose_v to_o parliament_n be_v introduce_v long_o after_o this_o time_n instead_o of_o the_o fidejussor_n or_o frank-pledge_n when_o that_o admirable_a ancient_a polity_n about_o frank-pledge_n become_v impracticable_a and_o be_v discontinue_v or_o break_v through_o the_o pl._n general_a corruption_n of_o manner_n which_o render_v it_o impossible_a for_o whole_a neighbourhood_n to_o answer_v for_o
one_o another_o and_o through_o the_o pride_n and_o ambition_n of_o some_o who_o think_v themselves_o above_o that_o law_n and_o when_o the_o number_n of_o frank-pledge_n have_v that_o happy_a combination_n still_o be_v maintain_v will_v through_o the_o vast_a multiplication_n of_o proprietor_n have_v be_v too_o great_a to_o assemble_v together_o upon_o any_o occasion_n require_v counsel_n and_o serious_a debate_n there_o be_v one_o difficulty_n which_o arise_v upon_o the_o examine_v this_o point_n of_o antiquity_n that_o be_v since_o we_o rare_o meet_v with_o authority_n 76._o though_o some_o there_o be_v which_o particular_o describe_v such_o as_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n as_o summon_v to_o or_o present_v at_o the_o general_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n what_o shall_v we_o think_v of_o they_o to_o which_o i_o be_o bold_a to_o say_v that_o even_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n may_v have_v come_v under_o the_o consideration_n of_o freeholders_n inter_fw-la liberos_fw-la regni_fw-la tenentes_fw-la or_o barones_n baronagium_n barnagium_fw-la or_o the_o like_a for_o either_o they_o be_v 1._o corporation_n by_o charter_n or_o 2._o corporation_n by_o prescription_n liberis_fw-la and_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v probable_a at_o least_o that_o property_n in_o land_n the_o continuance_n of_o which_o in_o any_o family_n make_v nobility_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o they_o all_o and_o in_o such_o respect_n the_o freeman_n there_o be_v number_v among_o the_o noble_n though_o afterward_o when_o trade_n prevail_v among_o they_o the_o generality_n of_o they_o may_v be_v but_o quasi_fw-la optimates_fw-la and_o yet_o by_o custom_n they_o obtain_v the_o name_n of_o barones_n 122._o as_o in_o london_n warwick_n the_o five_o port_n etc._n etc._n and_o probable_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o first_o erection_n but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o talk_v whole_o at_o random_n i_o shall_v offer_v a_o scheme_n of_o the_o ancient_a polity_n in_o relation_n to_o they_o which_o at_o lest_o will_v not_o be_v disprove_v for_o the_o first_o the_o corporation_n by_o charter_n they_o be_v of_o two_o kind_n 1._o such_o as_o be_v incorporate_v by_o the_o king_n 2._o such_o as_o be_v incorporate_v by_o the_o subject_a 1._o of_o those_o that_o be_v incorporate_v by_o b._n the_o king_n there_o be_v city_n that_o be_v borough_n which_o have_v a_o bishop_n see_v or_o else_o borough_n only_o but_o the_o episcopal_n see_v make_v the_o only_a difference_n they_o fall_v not_o here_o under_o any_o different_a consideration_n i_o conceive_v that_o though_o to_o these_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o incorporation_n the_o king_n grant_v several_a franchise_n as_o market_n fair_n and_o the_o like_a yet_o he_o give_v no_o right_a of_o send_v member_n to_o parliament_n to_o they_o who_o have_v it_o not_o before_o but_o of_o they_o that_o be_v so_o incorporate_v some_o be_v minores_fw-la tenentes_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la inferior_a tenant_n in_o chief_a such_o as_o by_o king_n john_n charter_n be_v where_o not_o incorporate_v to_o be_v summon_v in_o general_a to_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la many_o of_o these_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o such_o immunity_n as_o belong_v to_o free_a borough_n consent_v to_o be_v incorporate_v and_o thereupon_o they_o be_v one_o entire_a body_n natural_o fall_v into_o a_o representation_n and_o answer_v together_o by_o their_o head-borough_n or_o any_o other_o that_o they_o choose_v as_o one_o tenant_n st._n alban_n i_o take_v it_o be_v of_o this_o kind_n the_o burgess_n of_o which_o plead_v that_o they_o hold_v the_o say_a vill_n of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la &_o ipsi_fw-la sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la burgenses_n regni_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamenta_fw-la 233._o regis_fw-la cum_fw-la ea_fw-la summoneri_fw-la contigerit_fw-la per_fw-la duos_fw-la comburgenses_fw-la suos_fw-la venire_fw-la debeant_fw-la prout_fw-la totis_fw-la retroactis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la venire_fw-la consueverunt_fw-la pro_fw-la omnibus_fw-la servitus_fw-la regi_fw-la faciendis_fw-la quae_fw-la quidem_fw-la servitia_fw-la iidem_fw-la burgenses_n &_o antecessores_fw-la svi_fw-la burgenses_n villae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la tam_fw-la tempore_fw-la domini_fw-la edwardi_fw-la nuper_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la patris_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o progenitorum_fw-la quam_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la nunc_fw-la semper_fw-la ante_fw-la instans_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la ut_fw-la pâ—…ittatur_fw-la 〈◊〉_d nomina_fw-la quorum_fw-la burgonsium_fw-la sic_fw-la praedictâ_fw-la villâ_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamenta_fw-la regis_fw-la veâ—…entium_fw-la in_o rotulis_fw-la cancellariae_fw-la semper_fw-la irrotulata_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la i_o before_o have_v occasion_n to_o examine_v dr._n brady_n interpretation_n of_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o â—…ea_n here_o the_o plea_n itself_o come_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o whereas_o he_o render_v pâ—…o_o oâ—…us_a servitus_fw-la in_o lieu_n of_o all_o service_n 78._o i_o conceive_v the_o sense_n to_o be_v no_o more_o than_o thus_o that_o they_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a and_o that_o as_o other_o burgess_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o be_v to_o be_v represent_v at_o the_o king_n parliament_n when_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v summon_v by_o two_o of_o their_o fellow-burgess_n as_o ever_o since_o they_o be_v incorporate_v they_o have_v use_v to_o come_v for_o the_o perform_n of_o any_o of_o their_o service_n and_o that_o they_o like_a have_v not_o forfeit_v their_o charter_n nor_o ought_v their_o corporation_n to_o be_v dissolve_v for_o that_o they_o have_v due_o perform_v all_o their_o service_n and_o for_o proof_n that_o to_z parliament_z especial_o they_o have_v all_o along_o come_v by_o representation_n they_o appeal_v to_o the_o roll_n of_o chancery_n certain_o no_o man_n before_o the_o doctor_n think_v that_o the_o come_n to_o parliament_n excuse_v any_o rent_n or_o other_o service_n which_o be_v incumbent_a upon_o they_o but_o thus_o much_o be_v obvious_a from_o this_o that_o here_o be_v minores_fw-la barones_n tenant_n in_o chief_a who_o tenure_n must_v have_v be_v create_v by_o charter_n who_o be_v fall_v into_o a_o representation_n and_o that_o this_o be_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o property_n in_o land_n which_o occasion_v their_o service_n and_o their_o be_v unite_v as_o one_o tenant_n but_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v tenant_n of_o honour_n or_o manor_n in_o the_o king_n hand_n or_o in_o the_o subject_n which_o be_v incorporate_v by_o the_o king_n charter_n and_o send_v their_o representative_n to_o parliament_n i_o shall_v instance_n only_o in_o a_o corporation_n hold_v of_o a_o subject_a but_o incorporate_v by_o the_o king_n charter_n king_n john_n by_o his_o charter_n to_o william_n writ_n brewer_n who_o in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o brugwater_n or_o bridgwater_n grant_v that_o brugwater_n shall_v be_v a_o free_a burrough_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v have_v market_n and_o fair_n and_o 26_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o when_o the_o first_o roll_n of_o burgess_n begin_v we_o find_v burgess_n for_o bridgwater_n enter_v among_o the_o rest_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o there_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v any_o charter_n give_v they_o the_o privilege_n of_o send_v burgess_n nor_o can_v such_o a_o privilege_n arise_v by_o implication_n wherefore_o they_o must_v necessary_o have_v come_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o property_n in_o land_n with_o no_o other_o alteration_n than_o that_o their_o divide_a interest_n be_v all_o conjoin_v in_o one_o 2._o but_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v some_o incorporate_v by_o subject_n of_o those_o who_o incorporate_v they_o some_z had_z regalia_z themselves_z as_o the_o count_n palatine_a of_o chester_n one_o of_o which_o leofrick_n brother_n to_o the_o confessor_n in_o his_o life-time_n incorporate_v coventry_n under_o the_o prior_n and_o monk_n of_o chester_n whereupon_o the_o burgher_n of_o coventry_n be_v represent_v in_o the_o general_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o one_o entire_a body_n we_o find_v that_o it_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n 26_o edw._n 1._o and_o from_o its_o first_o corporation_n must_v needs_o have_v do_v so_o according_a to_o its_o plea_n which_o be_v allow_v 34_o edw._n 1._o for_o it_o plead_v that_o it_o be_v neither_o civitas_n burgus_n nor_o dominicum_fw-la regis_fw-la that_o therefore_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v 241._o tax_v or_o taliate_v as_o such_o but_o be_v to_o be_v charge_v only_o when_o the_o whole_a county_n be_v charge_v or_o in_o the_o like_a proportion_n and_o they_o pray_v that_o the_o taxor_n and_o collector_n may_v not_o be_v suffer_v to_o distrain_v among_o they_o otherwise_o than_o it_o have_v be_v totis_fw-la retroactis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la in_o all_o time_n past_a since_o they_o large_a become_v one_o body_n that_o be_v that_o ever_o since_o they_o be_v a_o body_n they_o use_v not_o to_o be_v tax_v as_o the_o king_n demesne_n whether_o city_n borough_n ¶_o or_o manor_n which_o may_v be_v out_o of_o parliament_n and_o even_o when_o there_o be_v a_o parliament_n they_o bear_v the_o heavy_a burden_n but_o as_o the_o county_n as_o to_o the_o way_n
within_o frank-pledge_n and_o be_v bind_v with_o surety_n to_o their_o good_a behaviour_n which_o dr._n brady_n tell_v we_o 31._o and_o right_o enough_o if_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 1._o be_v only_o for_o the_o ordinary_a freeman_n or_o the_o bulk_n and_o multitude_n of_o the_o freeman_n or_o small_a freeholders_n all_o that_o look_v upon_o themselves_o as_o gentleman_n at_o the_o least_o be_v without_o any_o manner_n of_o representation_n and_o wherever_o they_o be_v interest_v appear_v in_o person_n and_o sometime_o in_o very_o disorderly_a multitude_n some_o sensible_a of_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o it_o and_o expense_n and_o trouble_n to_o themselves_o of_o their_o free_a choice_n become_v incorporate_v by_o charter_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v either_o the_o king_n tenant_n or_o some_o inferior_a lord_n or_o it_o may_v be_v the_o tenant_n of_o several_a manor_n join_v together_o and_o their_o come_n to_o parliament_n or_o as_o the_o burrow_n of_o st._n alban_n plead_v pro_fw-la omnibus_fw-la serviciis_fw-la faciendis_fw-la be_v a_o consequent_a upon_o their_o incorporation_n freehold_n i_o take_v it_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o all_o this_o though_o afterward_o trader_n may_v be_v admit_v to_o privilege_n among_o they_o the_o trader_n and_o freeholders_n within_o city_n or_o borough_n send_v their_o delegate_n whilst_o here_o as_o in_o poland_n the_o possessionati_n man_n live_v supra_fw-la upon_o their_o land_n in_o the_o county_n come_v to_o the_o general_a council_n in_o their_o own_o person_n 66._o thus_o it_o be_v here_o till_o the_o 49th_o of_o h._n the_o 3d_o as_o i_o think_v the_o authority_n former_o insist_v on_o by_o mr._n petyt_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n and_o by_o i_o for_o the_o possessionati_n in_o the_o county_n sufficient_o warrant_v wherefore_o the_o alteration_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o government_n in_o the_o 49th_o of_o h._n the_o 3d._n if_o any_o be_v then_o make_v be_v the_o call_n out_o some_o of_o these_o proprietor_n earones_n comitatus_fw-la to_o come_v in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o put_v a_o representation_n upon_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v most_o likely_a to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o persuasion_n and_o influence_n of_o the_o king_n though_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n and_o therefore_o 263._o i_o must_v say_v it_o be_v most_o probable_a that_o what_o be_v by_o mr._n cambden_n author_n transmit_v to_o we_o as_o do_v a_o little_a before_o the_o death_n 256._o of_o h._n the_o 3d_o must_v have_v be_v some_o year_n af-the_a 49th_o and_o the_o king_n victory_n at_o evesham_n over_o the_o great_a baron_n who_o he_o curb_v by_o the_o less_o the_o commons_o which_o prevail_v on_o his_o side_n by_o who_o assistance_n he_o deprive_v many_o great_a man_n of_o a_o judicial_a power_n in_o parliament_n and_o of_o the_o right_n to_o special_a summons_n while_o the_o commons_o have_v their_o power_n preserve_v in_o their_o representative_n they_o be_v all_o interest_v in_o the_o legislature_n as_o before_o but_o all_o the_o great_a baron_n have_v not_o their_o former_a interest_n in_o the_o supreme_a judicature_n and_o yet_o this_o variation_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n be_v no_o change_n of_o the_o outward_a frame_n of_o the_o government_n but_o only_o a_o diminution_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o some_o particular_a men._n and_o though_o the_o bring_n in_o representation_n where_o no_o representation_n be_v before_o alter_v the_o frame_n and_o appearance_n of_o the_o government_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o the_o constitution_n and_o fundamental_a interest_n of_o proprietor_n of_o land_n with_o who_o the_o balance_n of_o power_n have_v ever_o be_v in_o this_o nation_n the_o foundation_n be_v and_o be_v the_o same_o like_o the_o same_o soul_n animate_v the_o same_o body_n when_o it_o be_v great_a and_o when_o by_o reason_n of_o tumult_n and_o sedition_n as_o we_o may_v call_v they_o in_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v waste_v from_o its_o corpulency_n and_o thereby_o often_o bring_v to_o a_o more_o assure_a state_n of_o health_n than_o ever_o before_o this_o more_o healthful_a state_n in_o a_o contract_a body_n of_o proprietor_n of_o land_n i_o yield_v to_o have_v be_v settle_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o h._n the_o 3d._n it_o happen_v that_o there_o be_v writ_n to_o that_o purpose_n just_a in_o the_o 49th_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o then_o it_o be_v first_o begin_v whereas_o by_o the_o same_o argument_n it_o be_v in_o the_o 38th_o when_o two_o for_o every_o county_n be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n vice_n omnium_fw-la &_o singulorum_fw-la but_o if_o 12._o i_o shall_v confine_v myself_o to_o authority_n within_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o edward_n immediate_a successor_n to_o h._n the_o 3d_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o 244_o there_o be_v enough_o to_o satisfy_v any_o unbiased_a reader_n that_o the_o commons_o such_o as_o be_v now_o represent_v by_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n have_v before_o the_o 49th_o of_o h._n the_o 3d_o share_n or_o vote_n in_o make_v of_o law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o have_v communication_n in_o affair_n of_o state_n otherwise_o then_o as_o represent_v by_o the_o 2._o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la notwithstanding_o dr._n brady_n affirmation_n to_o the_o contrary_n in_o the_o 24_o of_o e._n 1._o the_o earl_n baron_n 3._o knight_n and_o other_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o other_o be_v then_o and_o afterward_o mean_v of_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n give_v a_o subsidy_n sicut_fw-la alias_o nobis_fw-la &_o progenitoribus_fw-la nostris_fw-la regibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o sure_a hen._n the_o 3d_o can_v be_v but_o one_o progenitor_n so_o that_o the_o farones_n minores_fw-la the_o freeholders_n of_o land_n which_o ever_o since_o the_o 49th_o or_o some_o other_o year_n of_o hen._n the_o 3d_v reign_v be_v represent_v by_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o county_n who_o be_v not_o in_o those_o time_n to_o be_v sure_o confine_v to_o knight_n by_o tenure_n or_o dub_a and_o the_o commons_o of_o city_n and_o burrough_n at_o the_o least_o from_o within_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n to_o who_o hen._n the_o 3d._n immediate_o succeed_v be_v member_n of_o parliament_n be_v party_n to_o grant_n there_o make_v and_o omit_v the_o prescription_n of_o the_o burrow_n of_o st._n alban_n from_o 30._o within_o the_o time_n of_o the_o progenitor_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o to_o use_v but_o one_o authority_n not_o mention_v in_o either_o of_o my_o tract_n in_o the_o 28_o of_o e._n 1._o the_o knight_n citizens_z dorso_fw-la and_o burgess_n have_v be_v summon_v to_o the_o parliament_n at_o westminster_n nobiscum_fw-la de_fw-la diversis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o populum_fw-la regni_fw-la specialiter_fw-la tangentibus_fw-la tractatur_fw-la and_o writ_n issue_v out_o for_o their_o reasonable_a expense_n prout_fw-la aliis_fw-la consuevit_fw-la in_o casu_fw-la consimili_fw-la 1._o upon_o which_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o de_fw-fr quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la which_o be_v now_o in_o use_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v restrain_v to_o a_o few_o great_a matter_n but_o extend_v to_o divers_a according_a to_o the_o different_a nature_n of_o matter_n bring_v before_o or_o appear_v to_o they_o 2._o that_o the_o commons_o have_v not_o only_o a_o assent_n without_o power_n of_o dissent_v but_o they_o be_v to_o treat_v as_o well_o as_o the_o peer_n 3._o that_o their_o come_n be_v not_o a_o new_a thing_n then_o as_o if_o begin_v but_o 35_o year_n ago_o in_o the_o 49th_o of_o h._n 3._o but_o it_o be_v of_o custom_n and_o legal_a prescription_n so_o far_o that_o it_o lay_v a_o obligation_n upon_o the_o subject_a to_o contribute_v to_o these_o expense_n and_o sure_o a_o usage_n of_o 35_o year_n will_v not_o be_v a_o sufficient_a charge_n in_o law_n 4._o that_o though_o there_o be_v no_o evidence_n that_o representation_n for_o county_n be_v settle_v before_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n 3._o yet_o the_o freeholder_n be_v often_o at_o parliament_n by_o representation_n and_o thence_o there_o be_v ground_n in_o reason_n to_o occasion_v the_o custom_n that_o they_o shall_v bear_v the_o charge_n of_o they_o that_o they_o choose_v nay_o if_o there_o be_v no_o actual_a choice_n there_o be_v tacit_n consent_v from_o which_o custom_n may_v arise_v that_o those_o who_o be_v willing_a and_o at_o leisure_n to_o be_v at_o council_n shall_v answer_v for_o and_o have_v contribution_n from_o the_o rest_n but_o let_v both_o dr._n brady_n and_o mr._n hunt_v consider_v the_o precedent_n above_o 149._o mention_v of_o coventry_n and_o bridgwater_n which_o do_v not_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o yet_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n and_o let_v they_o give_v a_o categorical_a answer_n whether_o they_o believe_v that_o the_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la and_o omnes_fw-la alij_fw-la hold_v in_o capite_fw-la mention_v in_o king_n john_n charter_n make_v