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revolt_n
starostaship_n after_o the_o death_n of_o those_o that_o enjoy_v they_o if_o the_o king_n chance_n to_o die_v before_o the_o queen_n have_v this_o reformation_n assign_v she_o than_o the_o republic_n give_v she_o a_o yearly_o pension_n out_o of_o the_o crown-revenue_n but_o this_o no_o long_o than_o she_o continue_v unmarried_a or_o stay_v in_o the_o realm_n for_o otherwise_o in_o both_o those_o case_n the_o queen_n regent_n get_v it_o or_o else_o it_o revert_v to_o the_o state_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o queen_n regent_n never_o come_v by_o it_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o diet_n and_o that_o be_v no_o ordinary_a expense_n to_o she_o to_o procure_v by_o purchase_v almost_o all_o the_o vote_n of_o that_o mercenary_a assembly_n this_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o present_a queen-dowager_n for_o when_o the_o queen_n her_o predecessor_n marry_v the_o duke_n of_o lorraine_n she_o observe_v that_o the_o settlement_n of_o her_o pension_n be_v like_a 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poland_n also_o have_v be_v so_o kind_a as_o to_o part_v with_o their_o prerogative_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n so_o that_o now_o they_o retain_v only_o the_o collation_n of_o benefice_n as_o for_o the_o foundation_n of_o monastery_n whatever_o power_n the_o king_n may_v have_v leave_v to_o erect_v they_o they_o must_v always_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o three_o order_n of_o the_o state_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n be_v likewise_o limit_v in_o divers_a other_o respect_n for_o he_o can_v neither_o increase_v nor_o diminish_v the_o number_n of_o officer_n either_o of_o his_o court_n or_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o name_v any_o stranger_n that_o be_v not_o naturalize_v to_o any_o charge_n or_o government_n only_o in_o the_o foot_n army_n and_o there_o too_o such_o a_o person_n can_v pretend_v to_o no_o more_o than_o to_o be_v a_o captain_n or_o at_o most_o a_o colonel_n this_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o example_n of_o stephen_n batori_n who_o have_v have_v considerable_a service_n do_v he_o 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estate_n throughout_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o poland_n power_n there_o be_v another_o inconvenience_n which_o very_o much_o prejudices_fw-la and_o limit_n the_o king_n power_n and_o the_o public_a interest_n of_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n for_o wherever_o a_o noble_a pole_n be_v once_o name_v to_o a_o preferment_n and_o be_v in_o actual_a possession_n of_o it_o let_v he_o commit_v never_o so_o many_o crime_n against_o the_o crown_n or_o state_n he_o can_v never_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o employ_v or_o turn_v out_o of_o it_o without_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o the_o diet_n but_o shall_v continue_v in_o the_o same_o for_o life_n even_o against_o a_o the_o will_n of_o the_o diet_n if_o he_o have_v but_o one_o member_n on_o his_o side_n who_o will_v protest_v against_o the_o proceed_n for_o the_o negative_a voice_n of_o a_o member_n of_o the_o diet_n of_o poland_n have_v the_o same_o force_n with_o a_o negative_a of_o a_o king_n of_o england_n in_o 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great_a privilege_n of_o the_o ofcer_n make_v they_o pay_v more_o than_o ordinary_a respect_n to_o the_o king_n before_o they_o be_v dignify_v and_o court_v he_o to_o give_v they_o a_o charge_v which_o he_o can_v never_o afterward_o take_v away_o moreover_o this_o power_n of_o the_o king_n be_v to_o name_n such_o of_o the_o qualify_v nobility_n as_o best_o please_v he_o to_o these_o important_a employment_n keep_v all_o the_o gentry_n in_o a_o great_a dependence_n on_o he_o for_o the_o design_n of_o the_o republic_n in_o lodging_n the_o nomination_n of_o officer_n in_o the_o king_n hand_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v take_v care_n to_o confer_v they_o on_o those_o that_o have_v best_o deserve_v they_o by_o their_o service_n either_o in_o peace_n or_o war_n and_o exclude_v such_o from_o they_o as_o have_v be_v stubborn_a mutinous_a and_o unserviceable_a to_o the_o state_n another_o reason_n that_o make_v the_o king_n respect_v be_v the_o natural_a ambition_n
the_o church_n and_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n be_v oblige_v to_o be_v assist_v to_o they_o in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o sentence_n as_o often_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v so_o require_v nunciature_n to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n belong_v the_o court_n of_o nunciature_n hold_v by_o the_o pope_n nuncio_n for_o that_o purpose_n always_o reside_v in_o poland_n however_o before_o he_o can_v have_v any_o jurisdiction_n he_o must_v have_v present_v the_o king_n and_o the_o principal_a minister_n of_o state_n with_o the_o apostolic_a brief_n of_o his_o nunciature_n court_n the_o civil_a jurisdiction_n be_v divide_v among_o divers_a sort_n of_o judge_n and_o belong_v to_o the_o commonalty_n as_o well_o as_o gentry_n some_o of_o these_o determine_v cause_n exempt_a from_o appeal_n and_o other_o can_v tribunal_n those_o from_o who_o there_o lie_v no_o appeal_n be_v the_o three_o hightribunal_n institute_v by_o stephen_n batori_n the_o judge_n whereof_o be_v all_o gentry_n two_o of_o these_o tribunal_n be_v for_o the_o kingdom_n and_o one_o for_o the_o great_a duchy_n those_o for_o the_o kingdom_n keep_v their_o session_n six_o month_n at_o petricovia_n in_o low_a poland_n and_o the_o other_o six_o at_o lublin_n in_o high_a poland_n that_o for_o the_o great_a duchy_n be_v alternative_o one_o year_n at_o vilna_n and_o another_o either_o at_o novogrodec_n or_o minski_n they_o all_o consist_v of_o so_o many_o judge_n both_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a choose_v out_o of_o every_o palatinate_n the_o former_a once_o in_o four_o year_n and_o the_o latter_a once_o in_o two_o judgement_n be_v pronounce_v here_o by_o plurality_n of_o voice_n but_o where_o matter_n be_v pure_o ecclesiastical_a there_o ought_v to_o be_v as_o many_o of_o the_o clergy_n as_o the_o laity_n the_o cause_n here_o be_v hear_v in_o order_n for_o three_o day_n be_v allow_v to_o enter_v all_o that_o come_v and_o whatever_o be_v not_o enter_v within_o that_o time_n can_v be_v adjudge_v that_o sit_v a_o man_n that_o have_v a_o trial_n in_o these_o court_n may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v all_o the_o nation_n for_o his_o judge_n deputy_n both_o ecclesiastical_a and_o temporal_a be_v send_v thither_o for_o that_o purpose_n from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n green-cloth_n the_o senate_n also_o judge_n of_o civil_a or_o criminal_a matter_n without_o appeal_n as_o do_v likewise_o the_o great_a marshal_n in_o all_o case_n relate_v to_o the_o king_n officer_n and_o the_o great_a chancellor_n in_o matter_n of_o appeal_n to_o the_o court_n which_o they_o have_v only_a cognisance_n of_o but_o the_o marshal_n jurisdiction_n extend_v over_o all_o merchant_n and_o stranger_n both_o who_o find_v but_o little_a justice_n do_v they_o in_o poland_n when_o they_o have_v occasion_n for_o it_o court_v also_o there_o be_v two_o exchequer_n court_v for_o the_o revenue_n one_o hold_v at_o radom_n in_o high_a poland_n and_o the_o other_o at_o vilna_n these_o court_n seldom_o sit_v above_o a_o fortnight_n or_o three_o week_n appeal_n those_o that_o be_v not_o exempt_a from_o appeal_n be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o gentry_n and_o commonalty_n in_o every_o palatinate_n which_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o have_v any_o of_o the_o clergy_n for_o judge_n those_o for_o the_o gentry_n be_v either_o the_o court_n of_o land-judicature_n or_o those_o of_o the_o starostas_n and_o be_v more_o or_o few_o in_o number_n according_a to_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o palatinate_n where_o they_o be_v hold_v judge_n the_o court_n of_o land-judicature_n have_v one_o judge_n a_o associate_n and_o a_o natory_n or_o head-clerk_n to_o try_v cause_n and_o administer_v all_o civil_a justice_n in_o some_o place_n four_o in_o other_o six_o time_n a_o year_n and_o in_o other_o once_o a_o month._n the_o courseof_o these_o court_n can_v only_o be_v interrupt_v by_o the_o death_n of_o any_o of_o their_o judge_n by_o the_o diet_n or_o by_o the_o general_a meeting_n of_o the_o palatine_n and_o magistrate_n which_o last_o be_v every_o autumn_n to_o hear_v appeal_n from_o inferior_a court_n the_o town_n where_o the_o gentry_n sit_v be_v in_o great_a number_n and_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o none_o who_o have_v land_n or_o good_n within_o each_o jurisdiction_n can_v be_v make_v to_o appear_v at_o a_o court_n where_o they_o have_v none_o court_n the_o immediate_a appeal_n from_o these_o court_n be_v to_o the_o vice-chamberlain_n of_o the_o palatinate_n who_o either_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o deputy_n the_o chamberlain_n of_o that_o district_n restore_v all_o that_o have_v be_v dispossess_v and_o ascertain_v all_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o land_n this_o be_v as_o it_o be_v his_o whole_a jurisdiction_n but_o where_o there_o be_v any_o contest_v between_o the_o king_n and_o any_o of_o the_o gentry_n in_o this_o kind_a then_o at_o their_o request_n appeal_n commissioner_n be_v appoint_v out_o of_o the_o senate_n to_o inspect_v the_o matter_n dispute_v and_o to_o do_v justice_n therein_o likewise_o where_o the_o difference_n be_v between_o the_o king_n and_o a_o clergyman_n commissioner_n be_v order_v but_o there_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n claim_v the_o nomination_n of_o one_o or_o more_o of_o they_o when_o any_o of_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n of_o land-judicature_n die_v the_o king_n can_v name_v other_o till_o the_o district_n to_o which_o they_o belong_v have_v choose_v four_o out_o of_o the_o housekeeper_n but_o then_o he_o may_v pitch_v upon_o one_o for_o each_o election_n this_o office_n be_v once_o obtain_v it_o can_v be_v forfeit_v but_o by_o a_o high_a promotion_n or_o male_a administration_n court_n the_o other_o court_n for_o the_o gentry_n be_v those_o that_o take_v cognizance_n of_o criminal_a case_n whereof_o there_o be_v one_o only_o in_o every_o starostaship_n call_v sudy_a grodskie_n where_o either_o the_o starosta_n himself_o or_o his_o lieutenant-criminal_a administer_v justice_n in_o his_o castle_n or_o some_o other_o public_a place_n at_o least_o every_o six_o week_n he_o likewise_o have_v cognisance_n of_o civil_a cause_n between_o such_o as_o have_v no_o land_n and_o such_o foreigner_n as_o come_v to_o trade_n here_o process_n in_o criminal_a case_n be_v to_o be_v serve_v here_o a_o fortnight_n and_o in_o civil_a a_o week_n before_o the_o court_n sit_v office_n he_o be_v also_o the_o executive_a minister_n of_o all_o sentence_n pronounce_v and_o likewise_o a_o sole_a conservator_n of_o the_o peace_n within_o his_o territory_n he_o be_v oblige_v by_o himself_o or_o his_o officer_n to_o see_v all_o public_a execution_n perform_v the_o court_n of_o the_o commonalty_n be_v either_o in_o city_n or_o village_n city_n in_o city_n justice_n be_v administer_v by_o the_o scabin_n town-hall_n or_o judg-advocate_n the_o scabin_n have_v cognisance_n of_o all_o capital_a offence_n and_o criminal_a matter_n the_o town-hall_n of_o all_o civil_a case_n to_o which_o likewise_o the_o gentry_n be_v subject_a and_o the_o judg-advocate_n of_o offence_n commit_v by_o soldier_n civil_a matter_n of_o small_a moment_n be_v determine_v sole_o by_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n but_o which_o be_v subject_a to_o appeal_v to_o the_o town-hall_n and_o thence_o to_o the_o king_n village_n in_o village_n the_o commonalty_n be_v subject_a to_o scabin_n be_v the_o king_n officer_n and_o to_o scultet_n or_o peculiar_a lord_n from_o which_o last_o lie_v no_o appeal_n here_o justice_n be_v almost_o arbitrary_a except_o in_o criminal_a case_n the_o scultet_n be_v hereditary_a judge_n the_o execution_n of_o all_o sentence_n in_o city_n and_o town_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o its_o own_o magistrate_n though_o in_o some_o case_n they_o be_v force_v to_o beg_v assistance_n from_o the_o starostas_fw-la court_v the_o officer_n and_o magistrate_n of_o the_o plebeian_n court_n be_v some_o name_v by_o their_o peculiar_a lord_n and_o some_o elect_v by_o their_o fellow_n citizen_n except_o in_o cracow_n only_o where_o the_o palatine_a have_v a_o right_a of_o choose_v the_o magistrate_n though_o he_o have_v not_o the_o same_o power_n to_o dis-place_n they_o after_o they_o be_v once_o choose_v for_o they_o be_v to_o continue_v their_o office_n for_o life_n unless_o they_o forfeit_v it_o by_o infamy_n or_o inability_n out_o of_o the_o xxiv_o compose_v the_o council_n or_o senate_n of_o cracow_n the_o palatine_a every_o year_n depute_v eight_o with_o the_o title_n and_o power_n of_o president_n he_o also_o name_v the_o judge_n and_o scabins_n by_o the_o magdeburg_n law_n though_o these_o in_o other_o city_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o council_n the_o scultet_n or_o hereditary_a judge_n can_v be_v remove_v but_o in_o extraordinary_a case_n profit_n the_o profit_n of_o all_o office_n be_v but_o very_o small_a and_o scarce_o any_o certain_a the_o pole_n esteem_v the_o honour_n of_o enjoy_v they_o sufficient_a recompense_n nevertheless_o they_o have_v all_o salary_n and_o perquisites_n though_o inconsiderable_a jurisdiction_n the_o military_a
country_n but_o here_o the_o citizen_n in_o prussia_n be_v except_v for_o they_o may_v possess_v land_n of_o what_o extent_n soever_o out_o of_o their_o city_n also_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o cracow_n may_v purchase_v and_o enjoy_v land_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n likewise_o the_o magistrate_n of_o vilna_n have_v a_o power_n to_o possess_v land_n and_o the_o city_n of_o leopol_n in_o like_a manner_n have_v a_o privilege_n for_o its_o private_a citizen_n to_o hold_v land_n privilege_n a_o nobleman_n gentleman_z or_o one_o that_o be_v freeborn_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n every_o gentleman_n have_v his_o coat_n of_o arm_n grant_v he_o by_o the_o republic_n but_o then_o either_o he_o or_o some_o of_o his_o family_n must_v have_v possession_n in_o land_n there_o he_o can_v pretend_v to_o all_o the_o great_a employment_n and_o office_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o buy_v land_n where_o he_o please_v all_o over_o the_o dominion_n of_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n he_o have_v moreover_o a_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n if_o his_o credit_n and_o interest_n can_v procure_v it_o every_o gentleman_n be_v a_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o master_n in_o his_o own_o land_n for_o he_o have_v the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n over_o his_o tenant_n or_o as_o the_o pole_n term_v they_o his_o subject_n though_o i_o may_v better_o call_v they_o his_o slave_n for_o they_o have_v neither_o privilege_n nor_o law_n to_o protect_v they_o but_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v absolute_o by_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o their_o lord_n they_o dare_v not_o leave_v his_o land_n to_o go_v to_o another_o under_o pain_n of_o death_n unless_o he_o sell_v they_o to_o his_o neighbour_n as_o he_o have_v the_o power_n to_o do_v or_o have_v violate_v or_o ravish_v their_o wife_n or_o daughter_n insomuch_o that_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o some_o have_v wish_v to_o have_v have_v a_o fine_a wife_n or_o daughter_n that_o their_o lord_n may_v thereby_o have_v give_v they_o occasion_n to_o get_v rid_v of_o he_o convict_v if_o a_o gentleman_n kill_v another_o gentleman_n slave_n he_o be_v neither_o to_o be_v try_v nor_o punish_v for_o it_o and_o be_v only_o oblige_v to_o give_v that_o gentleman_n another_o slave_n in_o the_o room_n of_o he_o or_o as_o much_o money_n as_o will_v buy_v one_o and_o beside_o to_o maintain_v the_o family_n of_o the_o person_n that_o he_o have_v kill_v likewise_o if_o he_o kill_v one_o of_o his_o own_o slave_n he_o only_o pay_v a_o matter_n of_o fifty_o livre_n to_o be_v quit_v nay_o if_o one_o gentleman_n kill_v another_o he_o can_v be_v apprehend_v nor_o clap_v into_o prison_n for_o his_o crime_n nisi_fw-la jure_fw-la victus_fw-la unless_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n have_v first_o convict_v he_o which_o common_o give_v he_o time_n enough_o to_o escape_v for_o he_o must_v first_o be_v cite_v to_o appear_v and_o upon_o his_o neglect_n he_o be_v declare_v contumacious_a and_o consequent_o convict_v but_o it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v suppose_v that_o he_o who_o know_v himself_o guilty_a will_v not_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o appear_v nor_o venture_v the_o lose_n of_o his_o head_n this_o honour_n the_o pole_n likewise_o bestow_v on_o the_o common_a people_n hang_v being_n not_o the_o usual_a way_n of_o execution_n in_o their_o country_n exception_n however_o hartknoch_n have_v these_o exception_n from_o this_o privilege_n for_o say_v he_o if_o a_o nobleman_n be_v take_v in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o ravish_v burn_v of_o house_n theft_n robbery_n or_o the_o like_a he_o may_v be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o law_n likewise_o if_o he_o will_v not_o give_v sufficient_a caution_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o his_o offence_n or_o last_o if_o he_o be_v find_v in_o the_o register_n to_o have_v be_v thrice_o convict_v before_o notwithstanding_o this_o privilege_n of_o the_o nobility_n say_v hauteville_n i_o have_v know_v one_o instance_n to_o the_o contrary_a for_o those_o who_o assassinate_v gonczenski_n petty_a general_n of_o lithuania_n be_v seize_v without_o any_o formality_n and_o carry_v prisoner_n to_o elbing_n and_o be_v afterward_o condemn_v to_o be_v behead_v at_o the_o general_a diet_n at_o warsaw_n in_o the_o year_n 1664._o but_o then_o this_o crime_n of_o they_o be_v so_o notorious_a that_o the_o nobility_n may_v well_o have_v wave_v their_o privilege_n for_o these_o villain_n take_v that_o gentleman_n out_o of_o his_o bed_n at_o vilna_n and_o put_v he_o into_o a_o coach_n with_o a_o confessor_n carry_v he_o out_o of_o the_o city_n where_o they_o scarce_o allow_v he_o time_n to_o say_v his_o prayer_n before_o they_o shoot_v he_o dead_a with_o pistol_n consent_n a_o polish_v nobleman_n though_o he_o be_v proscribe_v and_o cite_v and_o find_v guilty_a can_v be_v execute_v without_o the_o king_n knowledge_n and_o consent_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o case_n of_o samuel_n zborowski_n who_o though_o he_o have_v be_v proscribe_v and_o condemn_v by_o the_o great_a chancellor_n and_o general_n of_o the_o army_n zamoiski_n yet_o will_v he_o not_o presume_v to_o behead_v he_o till_o he_o have_v know_v king_n stephen_n pleasure_n therein_o soldier_n the_o polish_v gentry_n also_o have_v another_o privilege_n which_o be_v that_o no_o soldier_n or_o officer_n of_o the_o army_n can_v be_v quarter_v upon_o they_o for_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v presume_v to_o attempt_v such_o a_o thing_n the_o diet_n will_v either_o condemn_v he_o to_o death_n or_o pronounce_v he_o infamous_a whereby_o he_o will_v be_v deprive_v of_o the_o power_n of_o give_v his_o vote_n in_o all_o assembly_n and_o moreover_o be_v render_v incapable_a of_o enjoy_v any_o office_n or_o employment_n in_o the_o state_n and_o this_o be_v as_o be_v degrade_v from_o his_o nobility_n whereupon_o i_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o a_o passage_n that_o happen_v at_o the_o diet_n of_o election_n of_o john_n iii_o and_o which_o do_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v towards_o his_o be_v choose_v the_o palatin_n of_o smolensko_n son_n go_v and_o quarter_v at_o the_o house_n of_o wiesnowiski_n without_o his_o leave_n as_o be_v report_v by_o order_n of_o the_o grand_a general_n patz_n which_o occasion_v the_o marshal_n who_o be_v judge_n in_o these_o case_n two_o day_n before_o the_o break_n up_o of_o the_o diet_n to_o deprive_v this_o palatin_n of_o his_o vote_n in_o the_o election_n whereby_o sobieski_n be_v free_v from_o a_o declare_a enemy_n and_o the_o austrian_a faction_n lose_v a_o profess_a friend_n gentry_n the_o king_n likewise_o can_v now_o lodge_v in_o any_o nobleman_n house_n against_o his_o will_n as_o he_o can_v before_o the_o year_n 1433._o also_o wherever_o any_o foreigner_n die_v without_o heir_n his_o estate_n escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o those_o land_n where_o he_o die_v and_o not_o to_o the_o king_n and_o where_o any_o polish_v gentleman_n die_v without_o heir_n the_o king_n can_v seize_v upon_o his_o estate_n by_o right_a of_o escheat_n if_o he_o have_v a_o relation_n leave_v of_o the_o eight_o degree_n inclusive_o the_o gentry_n also_o may_v have_v house_n in_o the_o king_n city_n and_o town_n but_o then_o they_o must_v not_o let_v such_o trade_n inhabit_v they_o as_o may_v prove_v obnoxious_a or_o a_o nuisance_n to_o the_o citizen_n and_o likewise_o these_o house_n ought_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o city_n but_o which_o however_o be_v seldom_o or_o never_o observe_v the_o house_n of_o a_o nobleman_n moreover_o be_v a_o kind_a of_o asylum_n for_o though_o delinquent_n may_v be_v arrest_v there_o with_o his_o consent_n yet_o can_v they_o be_v take_v thence_o by_o force_n diet._n not_o less_o be_v a_o nobleman_n privilege_n as_o to_o custom_n and_o tax_n for_o if_o he_o will_v swear_v his_o good_n be_v not_o buy_v but_o arise_v from_o his_o land_n he_o may_v send_v they_o any_o where_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v sell_v without_o pay_v duty_n and_o where_o he_o have_v once_o so_o swear_v his_o testimonial_n alone_o for_o the_o future_a will_v suffice_v to_o exempt_v they_o also_o his_o subject_n will_v have_v the_o same_o privilege_n wherever_o they_o trade_n in_o prussia_n the_o noble_n be_v not_o only_o free_a from_o custom_n but_o likewise_o all_o the_o other_o inhabitant_n by_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o culm_n but_o although_o the_o polish_v nobility_n be_v thus_o say_v to_o be_v free_a from_o tax_n yet_o upon_o emergent_a occasion_n and_o exigency_n the_o diet_n usual_o oblige_v they_o to_o pay_v they_o for_o a_o certain_a time_n preemption_n the_o nobility_n also_o have_v a_o privilege_n of_o preemption_n of_o salt_n for_o in_o the_o staple_n for_o that_o commodity_n there_o must_v be_v at_o least_o a_o month_n notice_n before_o any_o can_v be_v sell_v to_o any_o body_n else_o notwithstanding_o after_o all_o these_o privilege_n the_o polish_v nobility_n
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casimir_n iii_o king_n of_o poland_n surname_v the_o great_a regain_v it_o in_o 1454_o and_o grant_v very_o great_a privilege_n to_o the_o citizen_n who_o afterward_o declare_v for_o the_o auspurg-confession_n side_v with_o maximilian_n of_o austria_n against_o stephen_n batori_fw-la insomuch_o that_o the_o latter_a proscribe_v and_o even_o besiege_v they_o in_o 1577._o but_o however_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o other_o prince_n they_o be_v restore_v to_o their_o religion_n and_o liberty_n in_o 1597._o in_o 1656._o they_o vigorous_o repulse_v the_o suede_n and_o adhere_v to_o the_o interest_n of_o john_n casimir_n king_n of_o poland_n and_o at_o present_a they_o make_v one_o of_o the_o member_n of_o this_o state_n have_v be_v admit_v to_o a_o suffrage_n in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o polish_v monarch_n in_o the_o year_n 1632._o king_n this_o my_o lord_n be_v what_o i_o have_v be_v able_a to_o gather_v from_o dr._n connor_n memoir_n and_o the_o best_a author_n that_o have_v write_v 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leisure_n to_o accomplish_v it_o himself_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o urgency_n of_o his_o profession_n desire_v of_o i_o to_o address_v it_o for_o he_o but_o upon_o a_o just_a reflection_n on_o the_o meanness_n of_o my_o ability_n and_o a_o awful_a regard_n to_o your_o lordship_n grandeur_n i_o find_v i_o have_v more_o than_o ordinary_a reason_n to_o decline_v it_o yet_o however_o upon_o balance_v your_o goodness_n with_o your_o great_a quality_n and_o consider_v my_o well_o mean_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o my_o attempt_n i_o hope_v i_o may_v not_o be_v so_o unfortunate_a as_o to_o offend_v if_o i_o undertake_v it_o and_o the_o rather_o because_o of_o the_o great_a conformity_n which_o the_o subject_n i_o be_v to_o write_v of_o have_v with_o the_o hope_n which_o the_o nation_n have_v in_o you_o my_o lord_n order_n your_o lordship_n will_v here_o find_v that_o this_o order_n be_v first_o found_v to_o reward_n and_o encourage_v great_a action_n and_o that_o particular_o in_o the_o german_a nation_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o teutonic_n for_o when_o the_o emperor_n frederic_n barberossa_n have_v engage_v in_o the_o crusade_n for_o recovery_n of_o the_o holy-land_n a_o great_a number_n of_o german_a nobility_n and_o gentry_n join_v his_o army_n as_o volunteer_n of_o this_o crusade_n be_v several_a other_o great_a prince_n of_o europe_n such_o as_o philip_n king_n of_o france_n richard_n i._o king_n of_o england_n frederic_n duke_n of_o suabia_n the_o duke_n of_o austria_n and_o bavaria_n philip_n earl_n of_o flanders_n plorant_fw-la earl_n of_o holland_n etc._n etc._n after_o this_o emperor_n death_n the_o german_n be_v before_o acon_n or_o ptolemais_n which_o they_o then_o besiege_v choose_v for_o their_o leader_n frederick_n duke_n of_o suabia_n second_o son_n to_o the_o aforesaid_a emperor_n and_o henry_n duke_n of_o brabant_n under_o these_o general_n they_o behave_v themselves_o so_o well_o both_o at_o the_o take_n of_o acon_n jerusalem_n and_o other_o place_n of_o the_o holy-land_n that_o henry_n king_n of_o jerusalem_n the_o patriarch_n and_o several_a other_o prince_n think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o do_v something_o extraordinary_a in_o honour_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n hereupon_o they_o immediate_o resolve_v to_o erect_v a_o order_n of_o knight_n of_o that_o nation_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o st._n george_n but_o afterward_o they_o change_v that_o saint_n for_o the_o virgin_n mary_n by_o reason_n that_o she_o have_v a_o hospital_n already_o found_v on_o mount_n zion_n at_o jerusalem_n for_o the_o relief_n of_o german_a pilgrim_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o building_n which_o ashmole_n in_o his_o order_n of_o the_o garter_n give_v this_o follow_a account_n jerusalem_n he_o say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o holy-war_n a_o wealthy_a gentleman_n of_o germany_n who_o dwell_v at_o jerusalem_n commiserate_v the_o condition_n of_o his_o countryman_n come_v thither_o on_o devotion_n and_o neither_o understanding_n the_o language_n of_o that_o place_n nor_o know_v where_o to_o lodge_v receive_v they_o hospitable_o into_o his_o house_n and_o give_v they_o all_o manner_n of_o suitable_a entertainment_n afterward_o obtain_v leave_n of_o the_o patriarch_n he_o erect_v a_o chapel_n for_o they_o and_o dedicate_v it_o to_o the_o virgin_n mary_n whence_o the_o knight_n that_o be_v establish_v there_o afterward_o come_v to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o equites_fw-la mariani_n other_o german_a gentleman_n contribute_v large_o to_o the_o maintain_n and_o increase_n this_o charitable_a work_n insomuch_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n these_o knight_n become_v very_o numerous_a and_o wealthy_a and_o give_v themselves_o to_o military_a employment_n and_o to_o act_n of_o piety_n and_o charity_n title_n in_o the_o year_n 1190_o they_o elect_v their_o first_o great_a master_n henry_n walpot_n and_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v have_v their_o order_n confirm_v upon_o the_o request_n of_o
the_o pole_n have_v to_o aspire_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o by_o their_o constitution_n all_o the_o noble_n as_o they_o call_v they_o or_o freeborn_a of_o the_o land_n be_v equal_a as_o to_o their_o birth_n and_o none_o though_o never_o so_o poor_a owe_v precedence_n unless_o through_o a_o compliment_n to_o any_o ever_o so_o rich_a insomuch_o that_o preferment_n and_o honour_n be_v the_o only_a mean_n by_o which_o they_o attain_v to_o precedence_n which_o be_v annex_v thereto_o and_o ascertain_v by_o the_o statute_n and_o law_n now_o one_o will_v think_v that_o this_o mighty_a power_n which_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v to_o dispose_v of_o so_o many_o place_n of_o profit_n and_o trust_v so_o many_o land_n by_o royal_a tenure_n and_o so_o many_o benefice_n must_v needs_o gain_v he_o the_o love_n and_o affection_n of_o those_o on_o who_o they_o be_v confer_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o pole_n be_v none_o of_o the_o most_o grateful_a and_o know_v too_o well_o that_o the_o king_n can_v dispose_v of_o those_o preferment_n but_o to_o themselves_o they_o believe_v that_o when_o he_o grant_v they_o he_o only_o give_v back_o what_o of_o right_o belong_v to_o they_o and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o a_o act_n of_o grace_n in_o he_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o justice_n approach_n when_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n come_v to_o any_o city_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v oblige_v immediate_o to_o present_v he_o with_o the_o key_n and_o he_o can_v send_v his_o regiment_n of_o guard_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o gate_n the_o citizen_n of_o dantzick_n only_o have_v a_o privilege_n to_o keep_v their_o own_o key_n and_o to_o hinder_v all_o but_o a_o few_o troop_n from_o follow_v the_o king_n into_o the_o city_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o dantzick_n have_v more_o immunity_n and_o privilege_n than_o any_o other_o city_n of_o poland_n insomuch_o that_o it_o may_v be_v rather_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v a_o small_a republic_n of_o itself_o under_o protection_n of_o that_o kingdom_n than_o a_o city_n subject_a to_o it_o nay_o it_o have_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o the_o mark_n of_o a_o sovereign_a power_n for_o it_o can_v condemn_v to_o death_n without_o appeal_n even_o the_o polish_v gentry_n if_o they_o commit_v any_o crime_n within_o its_o territory_n and_o jurisdiction_n diet._n the_o king_n can_v raise_v no_o troop_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o diet_n and_o this_o for_o fear_v that_o he_o shall_v strengthen_v himself_o and_o entrench_v upon_o their_o liberty_n nevertheless_o vladislaus_n vii_o levy_v some_o with_o the_o portion_n of_o his_o queen_n mary_n ludovica_n but_o the_o senate_n so_o murmur_v that_o he_o be_v soon_o oblige_v to_o disband_v they_o the_o king_n can_v on_o any_o account_n whatever_o go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o diet_n for_o your_o grace_n may_v observe_v that_o king_n henry_n of_o valois_n be_v fain_o to_o steal_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n when_o he_o go_v into_o france_n sigismond_n iii_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n john_n king_n of_o sueden_n be_v force_v to_o call_v a_o diet_n at_o warsaw_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n 1592._o to_o obtain_v consent_n to_o return_v into_o sueden_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o his_o hereditary_a kingdom_n and_o that_o lewis_n king_n of_o hungary_n who_o be_v choose_v king_n of_o poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1370_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o return_v to_o his_o native_a kingdom_n desire_v leave_v of_o the_o senate_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o augment_v their_o privilege_n to_o obtain_v it_o respect_v the_o king_n child_n be_v more_o than_o ordinary_o respect_v though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n every_o private_a gentleman_n think_v himself_o as_o great_a as_o they_o by_o the_o law_n and_o to_o have_v as_o lawful_a a_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n yet_o be_v they_o nevertheless_o always_o treat_v as_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n royal._n his_o elder_a son_n have_v the_o title_n of_o prince_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o other_o bare_o that_o of_o prince_n add_v withal_o their_o christian_a name_n as_o prince_n alexander_n and_o prince_n constantin_n of_o poland_n the_o king_n elder_a daughter_n be_v call_v the_o princess_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o other_o only_a princess_n add_v thereto_o their_o name_n as_o princess_n mary_n of_o poland_n but_o it_o must_v be_v understand_v that_o when_o the_o king_n their_o father_n die_v and_o a_o new_a king_n of_o another_o or_o the_o same_o family_n succeed_v and_o have_v child_n then_o do_v they_o lose_v the_o title_n of_o prince_n and_o princess_n of_o poland_n and_o take_v only_o the_o name_n of_o their_o family_n or_o estate_n such_o as_o prince_n sobieski_n princess_n czartoriski_n yet_o however_o the_o senate_n always_o look_v upon_o themselves_o oblige_v to_o provide_v for_o they_o to_o give_v they_o pension_n and_o to_o match_v they_o equal_a to_o their_o dignity_n and_o birth_n which_o have_v ever_o hitherto_o be_v due_o observe_v nay_o the_o pole_n have_v all_o along_o show_v such_o esteem_n and_o affection_n to_o the_o royal_a family_n that_o although_o they_o have_v not_o allow_v they_o any_o hereditary_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o law_n yet_o have_v they_o always_o elect_v one_o of_o they_o king_n where_o there_o be_v any_o survive_v for_o i_o find_v from_o the_o time_n of_o their_o prince_n piastus_n even_o down_o to_o that_o of_o the_o election_n of_o the_o late_a king_n john_n sobieski_n which_o be_v from_o the_o year_n 830._o to_o the_o year_n 1674_o the_o crown_n have_v always_o continue_v in_o the_o same_o family_n in_o a_o direct_a line_n as_o your_o grace_n may_v observe_v in_o the_o first_o volume_n of_o my_o account_n of_o poland_n they_o have_v also_o not_o confine_v this_o affection_n of_o they_o to_o the_o king_n son_n only_o but_o have_v likewise_o extend_v it_o towards_o their_o daughter_n and_o even_o their_o widow_n as_o may_v be_v see_v at_o large_a in_o their_o history_n where_o your_o grace_n will_v find_v what_o strict_a regard_v the_o pole_n have_v to_o the_o royal_a race_n in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o princess_n hedwigis_fw-la who_o they_o wait_v for_o with_o great_a patience_n though_o all_o the_o while_o they_o suffer_v extreme_o by_o the_o insult_v of_o the_o duke_n of_o masovia_n who_o pretend_v a_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n as_o be_v a_o relation_n to_o casimir_n the_o great_a slight_v the_o king_n be_v natural_a son_n be_v extreme_o undervalue_v and_o be_v hardly_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v common_a gentleman_n for_o none_o of_o the_o gentry_n care_v to_o keep_v company_n with_o they_o nay_o one_o of_o the_o late_a king_n be_v a_o clerk_n in_o the_o salt_n customhouse_n at_o thorn_n a_o city_n in_o prussia_n where_o his_o place_n be_v not_o worth_n he_o above_o thirty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la all_o over_o the_o kingdom_n they_o usual_o have_v a_o very_a mean_a opinion_n of_o illegitimate_a child_n though_o nature_n endow_v they_o general_o with_o as_o many_o perfection_n and_o with_o as_o good_a quality_n as_o she_o do_v the_o lawful_o beget_v family_n the_o only_a way_n for_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n to_o continue_v the_o crown_n in_o his_o family_n be_v to_o be_v warlike_a to_o enlarge_v his_o dominion_n to_o gain_v the_o love_n and_o affection_n of_o his_o people_n by_o his_o own_o merit_n and_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o clergy_n to_o send_v his_o child_n early_o to_o the_o war_n to_o get_v credit_n and_o reputation_n in_o the_o army_n to_o spend_v liberal_o all_o his_o revenue_n and_o to_o die_v in_o debt_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o pole_n may_v be_v incline_v to_o elect_a his_o son_n to_o enable_v he_o to_o pay_v what_o his_o father_n owe_v but_o all_o this_o while_n he_o must_v never_o think_v to_o encroach_v on_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o nation_n nor_o endeavour_v by_o any_o mean_n to_o render_v the_o crown_n hereditary_n for_o whenever_o the_o pole_n begin_v to_o smell_v out_o any_o such_o private_a design_n they_o be_v present_o apt_a to_o stir_v up_o seditious_a tumult_n which_o will_v prove_v very_o pernicious_a to_o all_o the_o posterity_n of_o that_o king_n as_o the_o ill_a success_n the_o late_a king_n son_n have_v have_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v denmark_n it_o be_v altogether_o impossible_a for_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n to_o reduce_v his_o subject_n under_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n for_o the_o state_n of_o denmark_n be_v quite_o different_a then_o from_o what_o that_o of_o poland_n be_v now_o in_o denmark_n the_o king_n clergy_n and_o commonalty_n be_v under_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o the_o gentry_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o commonalty_n to_o side_n with_o the_o king_n to_o abate_v and_o depress_v the_o
of_o the_o great_a dutchy_n army_n and_o receive_v no_o manner_n of_o order_n from_o the_o crown-general_n except_o where_o both_o be_v joint_o engage_v in_o a_o battle_n power_n these_o great_a general_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n have_v the_o great_a power_n in_o the_o kingdom_n for_o they_o have_v then_o a_o supreme_a command_n in_o the_o army_n they_o give_v battle_n and_o besiege_v town_n without_o the_o king_n participation_n and_o settle_v winter-quarter_n where_o and_o upon_o what_o land_n they_o think_v fit_a this_o power_n of_o they_o be_v so_o extraordinary_a considerable_a that_o a_o great_a general_n be_v formidable_a to_o all_o the_o nobility_n duty_n their_o duty_n be_v to_o keep_v good_a order_n and_o discipline_n in_o the_o army_n to_o punish_v mutinous_a and_o seditious_a officer_n and_o soldier_n to_o settle_v the_o prize_n of_o all_o commodity_n and_o provision_n bring_v into_o the_o camp_n to_o give_v command_n or_o necessary_a order_n for_o a_o charge_n or_o retreat_n and_o in_o fine_a to_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o his_o majesty_n can_v be_v he_o present_a army_n it_o be_v therefore_o the_o interest_n of_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n always_o to_o head_n his_o army_n himself_o to_o have_v his_o son_n with_o he_o in_o the_o field_n and_o to_o give_v they_o opportunity_n to_o gain_v reputation_n and_o credit_n by_o their_o valour_n and_o conduct_n for_o the_o more_o the_o king_n increase_v his_o own_o fame_n or_o that_o of_o his_o son_n the_o more_o he_o diminish_v the_o credit_n and_o power_n of_o his_o general_n who_o be_v the_o only_a person_n in_o the_o kingdom_n that_o be_v most_o to_o be_v fear_v and_o who_o have_v the_o great_a power_n and_o influence_n over_o the_o gentry_n in_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n general_n the_o present_a great_a general_n of_o poland_n be_v the_o count_n jablonowski_n of_o the_o french_a faction_n and_o of_o lithuania_n prince_n sapieha_n suppose_v to_o be_v of_o the_o austrian_a faction_n successive_a when_o the_o office_n of_o great_a general_n be_v vacant_a the_o little_a or_o lieutenant-general_n have_v a_o right_a to_o succeed_v he_o office_n the_o two_o lieutenant-general_n of_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n be_v to_o preside_v in_o all_o court-marshal_n and_o to_o take_v care_n that_o guard_n be_v strict_o keep_v throughout_o the_o camp_n also_o they_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o all_o spy_n and_o scout_n be_v send_v out_o as_o often_o as_o occasion_n require_v and_o last_o to_o see_v that_o foreign_a soldier_n be_v due_o pay_v guard_n the_o business_n of_o the_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o king_n guard_n in_o the_o camp_n be_v to_o command_v sole_o those_o soldier_n who_o be_v assign_v to_o guard_v his_o majesty_n person_n in_o the_o camp_n but_o upon_o the_o king_n departure_n this_o officer_n power_n cease_v army_n there_o be_v several_a other_o officer_n of_o note_n in_o the_o army_n the_o most_o considerable_a of_o which_o be_v the_o great_a ensign_n or_o standard-bearer_n the_o great_a master_n of_o the_o artillery_n the_o camp_n notary_n and_o commander_n of_o the_o guard_n against_o incursion_n of_o which_o two_o last_v i_o shall_v only_o speak_v here_o camp-notary_n camp-notary_n be_v paymaster_n general_n for_o the_o army_n both_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n incursion_n the_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o guard_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n etc._n etc._n this_o officer_n be_v post_v on_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n towards_o crim-tartary_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o all_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n authority_n for_o the_o civil_a state-officer_n there_o be_v the_o two_o great_a secretary_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o duchy_n they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o privy-council_n and_o to_o take_v cognizance_n of_o what_o the_o chancellor_n and_o vice_n chancellor_n do_v they_o must_v both_o be_v ecclesiastic_n and_o their_o office_n be_v a_o great_a step_n to_o the_o chancellor_n dignity_n they_o have_v the_o keep_n of_o the_o king_n signet_n and_o be_v qualify_v for_o the_o high_a episcopal_a honour_n and_o have_v precedence_n before_o most_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n or_o kingdom_n office_n the_o master_n of_o request_n or_o referendary_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o great_a duchy_n their_o business_n be_v to_o receive_v petition_n make_v to_o the_o king_n and_o to_o give_v his_o majesty_n answer_n they_o have_v a_o place_n in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o justice_n these_o be_v in_o all_o four_o one_o ecclesiastical_a and_o one_o civil_a for_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o great_a office_n duchy_n two_o cupbearer_n for_o each_o nation_n for_o the_o same_o two_o carver_n and_o two_o sword-bearer_n the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o court_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o great_a duchy_n these_o supply_n either_o the_o absence_n or_o vacancy_n of_o the_o office_n of_o the_o great_a treasurer_n prussia_n the_o treasurer_n of_o prussia_n who_o business_n be_v to_o take_v all_o account_n of_o the_o collector_n of_o revenue_n in_o that_o province_n and_o to_o transmit_v they_o to_o the_o great_a treasurer_n judge_n associate_n to_o judge_n which_o be_v general_o such_o as_o reside_v in_o the_o king_n court_n viz._n the_o master_n of_o request_n vicechancellor_n etc._n etc._n notary_n two_o chief_a notary_n of_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o civil_a cause_n either_o of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o the_o great_a duchy_n inchancery_n two_o register_n in_o the_o chancery_n of_o both_o nation_n escheator_n a_o officer_n that_o look_v after_o the_o escheat_n call_v by_o we_o escheator_n he_o can_v either_o sue_v for_o or_o seize_v any_o such_o land_n or_o good_n as_o fall_v to_o the_o crown_n house_n the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o custom-house_n who_o give_v in_o their_o account_n as_o often_o as_o the_o great_a treasurer_n require_v they_o mine_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o silver_n lead_v and_o salt_n mine_n they_o exercise_v jurisdiction_n over_o the_o workman_n there_o but_o must_v nevertheless_o admit_v of_o appeal_n to_o court_n mint_n the_o governor_n or_o warden_n of_o the_o mint_n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n their_o business_n be_v to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o money_n there_o coin_v be_v of_o weight_n and_o value_n court-officer_n the_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o king_n court_n be_v treat_v of_o before_o in_o the_o letter_n to_o his_o grace_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n district_n the_o officer_n of_o district_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o sort_n civil_a and_o military_a the_o civil_a be_v office_n the_o vice-chamberlain_n who_o office_n be_v to_o decide_v all_o difference_n within_o his_o district_n about_o the_o bound_n of_o land_n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o he_o be_v swear_v he_o have_v several_a deputy_n under_o chamberlain_n he_o call_v chamberlain_n who_o he_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o gentry_n 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be_v only_o with_o honorary_a title_n and_o some_o few_o privilege_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v that_o when_o the_o king_n come_v into_o their_o palatinate_n his_o court-officer_n must_v leave_v to_o they_o the_o honour_n of_o serve_v he_o at_o table_n bear_v the_o sword_n before_o he_o etc._n etc._n district_n the_o military_a officer_n of_o a_o district_n be_v starostas_n with_o and_o without_o jurisdiction_n jurisdiction_n starostas_n with_o jurisdiction_n be_v governor_n of_o castle_n and_o royal_a city_n who_o sit_v and_o hear_v private_a cause_n of_o small_a moment_n once_o a_o fortnight_n and_o those_o of_o great_a concern_v every_o six_o week_n if_o nothing_o intervene_v to_o prevent_v they_o etc._n these_o have_v vice_n starostas_fw-la judge_n clerk_n and_o servant_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o sheriff_n officer_n to_o enforce_v justice_n in_o case_n of_o resistance_n starostas_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o these_o starostas_n extend_v not_o only_o over_o the_o commonalty_n but_o likewise_o over_o the_o gentry_n they_o have_v also_o a_o care_n of_o the_o
it_o be_v practise_v in_o the_o last_o election_n with_o as_o much_o brevity_n and_o succinctness_n as_o possible_a and_o which_o be_v as_o follow_v swear_v after_o the_o king_n have_v thus_o be_v conduct_v into_o the_o church_n the_o ceremony_n forthwith_o begin_v first_o the_o archbishop_n in_o a_o short_a oration_n exhort_v the_o king_n to_o continue_v steadfast_a in_o the_o roman_a communion_n to_o exercise_v all_o regal_a and_o princely_a virtue_n and_o last_o to_o remunerate_v his_o obligation_n to_o the_o republic_n by_o a_o just_a and_o inviolable_a administration_n of_o the_o government_n after_o which_o the_o archbishop_n ask_v he_o to_o this_o effect_n in_o latin_a will_v you_o support_v and_o maintain_v the_o holy_a catholic_n faith_n and_o uphold_v it_o by_o good_a work_n to_o which_o the_o king_n answer_v i_o will_n then_o the_o archbishop_n ask_v he_o again_o will_v you_o protect_v and_o defend_v the_o church_n and_o their_o minister_n answer_n i_o will_n then_o the_o 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lithuania_n we_o do_v moreover_o promise_v to_o maintain_v and_o acquiesce_v in_o whatever_o have_v be_v enact_v or_o establish_v in_o the_o diet_n of_o our_o election_n as_o we_o do_v likewise_o to_o what_o shall_v be_v agree_v upon_o in_o that_o of_o our_o coronation_n also_o that_o we_o will_v restore_v both_o to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n whatever_o have_v or_o shall_v be_v alien_v and_o dismember_a from_o their_o land_n or_o revenue_n moreover_o we_o promise_v not_o to_o lessen_v the_o bound_n of_o either_o the_o kingdom_n or_o great_a duchy_n but_o rather_o to_o defend_v and_o enlarge_v they_o we_o swear_v likewise_o to_o establish_v court_n of_o justice_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n and_o to_o see_v that_o justice_n be_v render_v every_o where_o without_o intermission_n or_o delay_n without_o any_o regard_n to_o or_o favour_n of_o person_n or_o thing_n and_o last_o we_o consent_v that_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v which_o god_n forbid_v that_o 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upper_a part_n of_o his_o clothes_n take_v off_o when_o the_o archbishop_n anoint_v his_o right_a hand_n and_o arm_n up_z to_z his_o elbow_z and_o shoulder_n with_o consecrate_a oil_n with_o these_o word_n i_o anoint_v thou_o king_n with_o consecrate_a oil_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n son_n and_o holy_a ghost_n amen_o and_o then_o he_o have_v his_o clothes_n put_v on_o again_o afterward_o the_o two_o bishop_n lead_v he_o to_o a_o chapel_n on_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o church_n where_o they_o habit_n he_o anew_o somewhat_o like_o a_o bishop_n after_o which_o he_o have_v other_o ornament_n put_v on_o by_o the_o two_o marshal_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n and_o then_o he_o be_v convey_v by_o the_o senator-officer_n the_o standard-bearer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n walk_v before_o to_o the_o throne_n raise_v for_o he_o in_o the_o middle_a of_o the_o church_n whence_o after_o have_v hear_v mass_n he_o be_v bring_v back_o to_o the_o altar_n where_o the_o archbishop_n deliver_v a_o draw_a sword_n into_o his_o right_a hand_n with_o these_o word_n receive_v this_o sword_n and_o cordial_o protect_v and_o defend_v the_o holy_a church_n against_o all_o unbeliever_n then_o the_o king_n deliver_v the_o sword_n to_o the_o great_a swordbearer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o have_v put_v it_o up_o in_o its_o scabbard_n return_v it_o to_o the_o archbishop_n who_o then_o gird_v it_o to_o the_o king_n side_n whereupon_o the_o king_n immediate_o rise_v and_o draw_v it_o again_o flourish_v it_o three_o time_n over_o his_o head_n to_o signify_v that_o he_o will_v defend_v the_o trinity_n and_o church_n against_o all_o unbeliever_n he_o this_o be_v do_v the_o king_n kneel_v again_o and_o the_o archbishop_n put_v the_o crown_n after_o a_o very_a solemn_a manner_n on_o his_o head_n which_o the_o two_o bishop_n bear_v up_o with_o their_o hand_n till_o the_o archbishop_n have_v say_v certain_a prayer_n after_o which_o the_o archbishop_n put_v the_o sceptre_n into_o the_o king_n right_a hand_n and_o the_o globe_n into_o his_o left_a when_o the_o king_n rise_v his_o sword_n be_v give_v again_o to_o the_o swordbearer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o bear_v before_o he_o enthrone_v after_o this_o his_o majesty_n be_v bring_v back_o between_o the_o archbishop_n and_o the_o two_o bishop_n to_o the_o throne_n wherein_o he_o be_v forthwith_o place_v by_o the_o archbishop_n with_o these_o word_n sit_v and_o maintain_v the_o place_n give_v you_o by_o god_n etc._n etc._n the_o king_n be_v thus_o seat_v the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n return_v to_o the_o altar_n where_o they_o sing_v te_fw-la deum_fw-la which_o be_v end_v and_o the_o archbishop_n sit_v down_o by_o the_o altar_n the_o king_n come_v and_o offer_v he_o gold_n kiss_v his_o hand_n and_o have_v make_v his_o confession_n to_o he_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n and_o benediction_n from_o he_o king_n thus_o the_o ceremony_n be_v at_o a_o end_n the_o archbishop_n rises_z and_o give_v his_o benediction_n to_o all_o present_a when_o the_o court-marshal_n with_o a_o loud_a voice_n cry_v out_o vivat_fw-la rex_fw-la vivat_fw-la rex_fw-la which_o signal_n be_v take_v from_o he_o by_o the_o people_n all_o the_o church_n soon_o ring_v with_o the_o same_o joyful_a note_n after_o which_o the_o great_a treasurer_n scatter_v a_o great_a number_n of_o coronation-medal_n among_o the_o people_n and_o the_o gun_n begin_v to_o roar_v out_o their_o satisfaction_n in_o what_o have_v be_v do_v when_o the_o king_n forthwith_o return_v to_o his_o court_n with_o great_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n thereupon_o the_o coronation_n be_v thus_o complete_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o day_n be_v spend_v in_o various_a kind_n of_o feast_n and_o rejoice_n among_o which_o there_o be_v one_o very_o particular_a in_o the_o king_n court_n where_o they_o roast_v three_o whole_a ox_n stuff_v and_o lard_v with_o divers_a kind_n of_n fatten_v wild_a beast_n when_o they_o also_o give_v a_o great_a many_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n and_o beer_n
mead_n metheglin_n and_o beer_n for_o they_o be_v want_v to_o quench_v several_a red-hot_a stone_n in_o it_o successive_o after_o it_o have_v be_v boil_v a_o whole_a night_n to_o make_v their_o belly_n soluble_a this_o drink_n they_o put_v into_o vessel_n make_v of_o bark_n of_o tree_n reward_v three_o they_o have_v a_o custom_n of_o reward_v a_o sturdy_a drinker_n by_o present_v he_o with_o a_o shirt_n frock_n handkerchief_n and_o the_o like_a four_o they_o live_v to_o a_o great_a age_n than_o ordinary_a in_o samogitia_n for_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n to_o see_v a_o person_n of_o a_o hundred_o or_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o year_n old_a there_o which_o may_v be_v partly_o manifest_v by_o a_o passage_n which_o happen_v while_o a_o monk_n be_v preach_v about_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n at_o the_o time_n of_o jagello_n expedition_n to_o convert_v hsi_a countryman_n age._n this_o man_n be_v a_o notorious_a liar_n say_v one_o of_o the_o pagan_n address_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n and_o interrupt_v the_o monk_n i_o and_o many_o more_o among_o we_o have_v live_v for_o above_o these_o hundred_o year_n and_o yet_o never_o remember_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o he_o speak_v of_o for_o even_o from_o the_o time_n that_o we_o be_v boy_n the_o same_o season_n and_o vicissitude_n have_v continue_v to_o which_o the_o king_n mild_o reply_v father_n you_o say_v true_a neither_o have_v the_o priest_n affirm_v a_o untruth_n for_o these_o thing_n he_o speak_v of_o happen_v many_o hundred_o year_n ago_o long_o before_o your_o time_n when_o the_o world_n be_v assure_o make_v out_o of_o nothing_o by_o a_o divine_a ordination_n and_o power_n i_o conceive_v my_o lord_n this_o may_v as_o well_o serve_v for_o a_o argument_n of_o their_o ignorance_n as_o of_o their_o longevity_n here_o five_o their_o character_n differ_v something_o from_o the_o lithuanian_n for_o they_o be_v general_o speak_v more_o robu_v bold_a and_o nimble_a and_o the_o defence_n and_o arm_n they_o use_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o coat_n of_o mail_n and_o a_o hunter_n javelin_n six_o no_o part_n of_o poland_n produce_v so_o much_o honey_n for_o here_o almost_o every_o tree_n contain_v a_o swarm_n of_o bee_n it_o be_v observable_a also_o that_o the_o honey_n of_o this_o country_n be_v more_o free_a from_o wax_n than_o elsewhere_o i_o shall_v now_o entertain_v your_o lordship_n with_o a_o few_o remarkable_a custom_n in_o husbandry_n peculiar_a to_o these_o two_o country_n and_o wherein_o i_o will_v be_v as_o brief_a as_o i_o be_o sensible_a that_o art_n be_v not_o much_o either_o know_v or_o esteem_v be_v appropriate_v chief_o to_o vulgar_a condition_n husbandry_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o these_o people_n plough_n sow_n and_o harrow_n all_o at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o that_o their_o ground_n have_v be_v but_o once_o fecundate_v with_o burn_v will_v bear_v great_a crop_n seven_o or_o eight_o year_n together_o without_o dung_v when_o they_o burn_v the_o wood_n on_o the_o land_n if_o they_o meet_v with_o high_a tree_n they_o do_v not_o cut_v they_o down_o but_o only_o prune_v off_o their_o side_n branch_n so_o that_o the_o sun_n may_v not_o be_v keep_v from_o the_o ground_n the_o manner_n of_o do_v which_o be_v uncommon_a for_o one_o peasant_n will_v prune_v above_o a_o thousand_o tree_n together_o without_o so_o much_o as_o once_o come_v down_o tree_n to_o effect_v this_o he_o provide_v himself_o of_o a_o seat_n of_o rope_n much_o like_o a_o stirrup_n the_o which_o he_o fasten_v to_o a_o long_a cord_n and_o have_v cast_v it_o over_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o tree_n a_o boy_n that_o be_v on_o the_o ground_n draw_v he_o up_o and_o down_o and_o when_o he_o have_v so_o do_v by_o help_n of_o another_o cord_n easy_o transfer_v he_o to_o the_o next_o tree_n this_o peasant_n have_v always_o a_o hook_n by_o his_o side_n with_o which_o he_o use_v to_o lop_v off_o the_o branch_n sow_v they_o have_v moreover_o another_o odd_a and_o peculiar_a way_n of_o sow_v in_o these_o country_n which_o be_v by_o mix_v two_o part_n of_o barley_n with_o one_o of_o wheat_n and_o put_v they_o into_o the_o ground_n together_o in_o the_o spring_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o barley_n may_v be_v mow_v on_o one_o harvest_n and_o the_o wheat_n reap_v the_o next_o this_o wheat_n be_v tread_v down_o by_o those_o that_o mow_v the_o barley_n the_o next_o harvest_n common_o come_v up_o so_o thick_a and_o high_a that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o pass_n through_o it_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v stifle_v corn._n in_o time_n of_o war_n these_o boor_n have_v a_o way_n of_o secure_v their_o corn_n etc._n etc._n by_o bury_v it_o in_o a_o place_n make_v up_o under_o ground_n with_o post_n and_o bark_n of_o tree_n for_o that_o purpose_n their_o way_n of_o order_v their_o corn_n be_v also_o extraordinary_a for_o they_o first_o dry_v it_o with_o smoke_n before_o they_o lay_v it_o up_o in_o their_o granery_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o will_v keep_v good_a for_o several_a year_n together_o prusia_n as_o for_o the_o prussian_n both_o gentry_n and_o commonalty_n they_o may_v likewise_o be_v consider_v by_o themselves_o in_o some_o respect_n for_o the_o former_a be_v not_o altogether_o so_o gaudy_a in_o their_o habit_n as_o the_o more_o southern_a part_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o latter_a differ_v something_o from_o the_o polish_v peasant_n in_o their_o habit_n wear_v sometime_o long_o strait_a coat_n of_o leather_n furniture_n former_o the_o prussian_n dwell_v in_o wagon_n or_o in_o hut_n make_v of_o bough_n twist_v together_o and_o at_o this_o day_n the_o commonalty_n be_v not_o much_o improve_v in_o architecture_n for_o they_o general_o live_v in_o hovel_z build_v with_o stake_n and_o raddle_v with_o rod_n have_v either_o earth_n or_o fern_n for_o their_o cover_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o great_a improvement_n in_o their_o furniture_n for_o the_o old_a prussian_a sleep_v on_o the_o ground_n or_o on_o skin_n of_o beast_n and_o these_o lie_n upon_o the_o straw_n drink_n they_o be_v natural_o content_a with_o spare_a diet_n and_o addict_v more_o to_o sloth_n than_o gluttony_n yet_o like_o the_o pole_n and_o lithuanian_n no_o ordinary_n do_v of_o drink_n suffice_v they_o especial_o at_o feast_n where_o they_o will_v frequent_o get_v very_o drink_v heretofore_o their_o drink_n be_v water_n or_o mare_n milk_n mix_v sometime_o with_o blood_n and_o now_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v mead_n or_o beer_n their_o ordinary_a food_n be_v fish_n and_o they_o never_o know_v the_o use_n of_o root_n before_o the_o teutonick_n order_n come_v among_o they_o though_o now_o among_o the_o peasant_n it_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o their_o dainty_n i_o speak_v most_o of_o this_o of_o the_o peasant_n of_o prussia_n for_o the_o gentry_n general_o agree_v in_o their_o custom_n and_o manner_n with_o the_o pole_n these_o my_o lord_n be_v all_o the_o particular_n i_o can_v possible_o meet_v with_o relate_v to_o the_o several_a subject_n propose_v to_o be_v address_v to_o your_o lordship_n and_o which_o i_o must_v humble_o acknowledge_v i_o have_v hasty_o put_v together_o without_o that_o due_a order_n and_o method_n which_o i_o ought_v to_o have_v do_v yet_o in_o regard_n my_o help_n be_v not_o a_o little_a confuse_a i_o hope_v your_o lordship_n will_v be_v please_v to_o pardon_v the_o ill_a performance_n as_o well_o as_o the_o presumption_n of_o inscribe_v they_o to_o you_o grant_v i_o the_o honour_n to_o subscribe_v myself_o my_o lord_n your_o lordship_n be_v most_o humble_a and_o most_o obedient_a servant_n j._n s._n letter_n vi._n to_o his_o grace_n james_n duke_n of_o ormond_n one_o of_o his_o majesty_n lieutenant-general_n of_o the_o army_n castle_n fort_n and_o other_o military_a affair_n in_o poland_n my_o lord_n your_o constant_a fatigue_n and_o vast_a expense_n during_o the_o late_a bloody_a war_n discover_v both_o a_o undoubted_a zeal_n to_o serve_v your_o country_n and_o a_o natural_a inclination_n like_o that_o of_o your_o noble_a ancestor_n to_o warlike_a atchivement_n wherefore_o be_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o military_a affair_n in_o poland_n i_o think_v no_o person_n more_o proper_a to_o address_v my_o account_n to_o than_o your_o grace_n though_o i_o be_v well_o assure_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o it_o be_v most_o impossible_a to_o give_v you_o any_o tolerable_a satisfaction_n therein_o unless_o i_o myself_o have_v more_o experience_n in_o those_o matter_n or_o the_o pole_n have_v a_o better_a discipline_n in_o their_o army_n but_o since_o they_o must_v own_v their_o defect_n in_o the_o one_o as_o i_o do_v ingenuous_o confess_v my_o ignorance_n in_o the_o other_o i_o hope_v your_o grace_n will_v be_v please_v to_o accept_v this_o letter_n rather_o as_o a_o proof_n of_o my_o endeavour_n to_o entertain_v your_o leisure_n than_o of_o
any_o presumption_n i_o have_v to_o lay_v down_o any_o thing_n which_o may_v in_o the_o least_o contribute_v or_o add_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o general_n officer_n of_o your_o experience_n my_o lord_n militia_n in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o polish_v empire_n the_o pole_n be_v rather_o force_v by_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n than_o command_v by_o indulgent_a law_n to_o defend_v their_o country_n and_o extend_v its_o limit_n but_o since_o christianity_n have_v be_v receive_v among_o they_o bolestaus_fw-la chrobry_n their_o first_o king_n ordain_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o horse_n out_o of_o every_o palatinate_n and_o district_n and_o a_o set_a company_n of_o foot_n out_o of_o every_o city_n and_o town_n to_o be_v ready_a at_o a_o short_a warning_n and_o to_o bring_v their_o provision_n and_o ammunition_n along_o with_o they_o this_o be_v what_o they_o call_v their_o pospolite_n ruszenie_v or_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o militia_n of_o the_o kingdom_n gather_v together_o under_o one_o head_n or_o general_n at_o a_o place_n and_o time_n appoint_v by_o the_o king_n and_o those_o of_o the_o senate_n that_o be_v always_o to_o attend_v he_o as_o his_o privy-council_n horse_n to_o this_o general_a expedition_n first_o all_o land_a gentry_n as_o well_o public_a as_o private_a a_o few_o only_o except_v which_o i_o shall_v name_v hereafter_o be_v oblige_v to_o come_v 2._o all_o gentry_n that_o live_v in_o city_n or_o town_n upon_o usury_n or_o otherwise_o 3._o all_o citizen_n that_o enjoy_v land_n or_o tenement_n these_o beside_o all_o in_o prussia_n be_v those_o of_o cracow_n vilna_n and_o leopol_n 4._o all_o tenant_n that_o have_v hire_v land_n be_v to_o go_v themselves_o or_o to_o send_v out_o other_o 5._o the_o king_n tenant_n 6._o ecclesiastical_a scultet_n or_o advocate_n 7._o in_o case_n of_o imminent_a danger_n all_o citizen_n in_o general_n be_v order_v either_o to_o send_v or_o go_v themselves_o 8._o even_o those_o gentry_n that_o be_v clap_v up_o in_o jail_n for_o heinous_a crime_n be_v to_o be_v let_v out_o to_o assist_v at_o the_o pospolite_n yet_o when_o that_o be_v once_o over_o they_o be_v to_o return_v to_o prison_n again_o to_o expiate_v the_o whole_a extent_n of_o their_o sentence_n both_o all_o these_o be_v to_o be_v horse_n well_o accoutre_v but_o as_o a_o army_n can_v be_v complete_a without_o some_o foot_n this_o pospolite_n also_o do_v consist_v former_o of_o the_o 20_o boor_n out_o of_o every_o village_n or_o rather_o farm_n who_o be_v to_o be_v arm_v with_o a_o scymitar_n long_a gun_n and_o pole-ax_n but_o which_o be_v often_o now_o change_v to_o a_o mulct_n to_o hire_v foreigner_n yet_o there_o be_v still_o some_o polish_v foot_n though_o of_o small_a esteem_n every_o citizen_n that_o be_v now_o worth_a 8000_o florence_o be_v to_o find_v a_o horse_n and_o he_o that_o have_v only_o 4000_o be_v to_o set_v out_o a_o foot-soldier_n well_o provide_v the_o boor_n also_o be_v to_o fit_v out_o one_o among_o 28_o family_n and_o to_o furnish_v he_o with_o provision_n sufficient_a for_o half_a a_o year_n the_o pole_n term_v both_o these_o wybrancy_n that_o be_v pick_v or_o select_v man_n so_o that_o wybraniecka_n piechota_n be_v a_o pick_v soldier_n if_o any_o of_o all_o these_o refuse_v to_o appear_v upon_o the_o three_o summons_n their_o land_n or_o good_n be_v immediate_o confiscate_v to_o the_o king_n use_n serve_v those_o gentry_n that_o be_v excuse_v from_o appear_v at_o the_o pospolite_n be_v 1._o such_o as_o may_v depute_v other_o in_o their_o room_n viz._n superannuated_a or_o sick_a person_n widow_n orphan_n minor_n and_o last_o the_o clergy_n for_o their_o temporality_n when_o any_o public_a or_o private_a nobleman_n be_v sick_a he_o must_v notisie_n and_o attest_v it_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o several_a sufficient_a witness_n also_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o in_o lithuania_n a_o clergy_n man_n must_v send_v out_o both_o for_o his_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a estate_n as_o likewise_o in_o poland_n where_o there_o be_v any_o temporal_a land_n annex_v to_o his_o benefice_n 2._o those_o that_o have_v estate_n in_o several_a palatinate_n or_o district_n be_v oblige_v but_o to_o appear_v for_o one_o 3._o the_o poor_a sort_n of_o gentry_n be_v ease_v in_o some_o measure_n for_o several_a of_o they_o may_v join_v in_o the_o fit_v out_o of_o one_o horse_n which_o be_v practise_v especial_o in_o masovia_n also_o brother_n that_o be_v joint-tenant_n may_v depute_v one_o to_o appear_v for_o all_o 4._o the_o king_n court_n and_o retinue_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o muster_n under_o the_o palatine_n and_o where_o the_o king_n do_v not_o go_v into_o the_o field_n in_o person_n they_o be_v to_o be_v total_o excuse_v 5._o about_o 30_o of_o the_o gentry_n of_o the_o queen_n court_n be_v exempt_a 6._o about_o 12_o of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n court_n and_o oftentimes_o some_o officer_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o cracow_n and_o other_o bishop_n court_n especial_o where_o their_o attendance_n be_v otherwise_o require_v by_o the_o republic_n 7._o all_o minister_n to_o foreign_a court_n together_o with_o their_o domestic_n be_v absolute_o to_o be_v dispense_v with_o 8._o all_o starosta_n that_o be_v leave_v in_o garrison_n and_o their_o tribune_n and_o last_o the_o great_a constable_n or_o governor_n of_o cracow_n castle_n with_o his_o deputy_n the_o burgraves_n and_o two_o captain_n of_o foot_n be_v to_o be_v excuse_v several_a province_n and_o palatinate_v likewise_o have_v peculiar_a privilege_n relate_v to_o this_o general_a meeting_n for_o in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o masovia_n and_o plockzko_n six_o brother_n although_o they_o have_v distinct_a estate_n send_v but_o one_o horseman_n in_o podlachia_n out_o of_o ten_o farm_n they_o send_v but_o one_o light-horse_n and_o out_o of_o twenty_o but_o one_o cuirassier_n the_o palatinate_v of_o kiovia_n and_o braclaw_n have_v likewise_o peculiar_a privilege_n in_o a_o general_a expedition_n the_o gentry_n of_o podolia_n be_v to_o continue_v in_o garrison_n at_o caminiec_n while_o the_o pole_n have_v that_o city_n in_o possession_n the_o prussian_n also_o need_v not_o march_v beyond_o the_o river_n vistula_n ossa_n and_o drebnicz_n and_o last_o lithuanian_n be_v not_o to_o go_v beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o their_o great_a duchy_n now_o as_o to_o the_o great_a number_n assemble_v at_o this_o pospolite_n basko_n a_o polish_v writer_n say_v that_o only_o in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o lenschet_fw-mi in_o the_o time_n of_o boleslaus_n chrobry_n 2000_o cuirassier_n and_o 4000_o light-horse_n be_v raise_v at_o one_o time_n starovolscius_fw-la say_v that_o uladislaus_n have_v 100000_o horse_n against_o the_o prussian_a knight_n over_z and_o above_o what_o he_o have_v leave_v to_o defend_v the_o province_n i_o may_v observe_v several_a other_o prodigious_a lustration_n out_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a author_n but_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o omit_v they_o only_o i_o may_v affirm_v with_o boterus_n in_o his_o description_n of_o poland_n that_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n the_o pole_n can_v raise_v upward_o of_o 100000_o horse_n and_o the_o lithuanian_n 70000_o but_o starovolscius_fw-la be_v of_o opinion_n they_o can_v both_o raise_v above_o 200000_o horse_n without_o expense_n also_o fredro_n think_v that_o the_o pole_n can_v raise_v above_o 200000_o horse_n the_o number_n of_o polish_v foot_n be_v uncertain_a they_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o appear_v or_o to_o be_v excuse_v for_o money_n starovolscius_fw-la say_v that_o in_o his_o time_n they_o do_v not_o amount_v to_o many_o hundred_o be_v discourage_v by_o the_o rigour_n of_o their_o starosta_n and_o whole_o confine_v to_o their_o rustic_a drudgery_n though_o continue_v he_o they_o be_v more_o able_a to_o sustain_v the_o hardship_n of_o war_n then_o either_o the_o german_n or_o hungarian_n who_o can_v scarce_o live_v in_o the_o polish_v air._n he_o also_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o polish_v infantry_n if_o encourage_v may_v amount_v to_o a_o considerable_a number_n and_o be_v not_o a_o little_a serviceable_a the_o foreign_a hire_a foot_n have_v sometime_o exceed_v 30000_o when_o the_o cosack_v serve_v the_o pole_n but_o they_o fight_v also_o on_o horseback_n and_o king_n stephen_n in_o his_o expedition_n against_o the_o suede_n in_o livonia_n have_v above_o 16000_o german_a and_o hungarian_a foot_n in_o his_o pay_n muster_v now_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o present_v your_o grace_n with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o raise_v and_o muster_v this_o vast_a body_n of_o men._n when_o a_o pospolite_n be_v once_o agree_v by_o the_o general_n diet_n to_o be_v summon_v the_o king_n after_o the_o ancient_a manner_n send_v out_o his_o writ_n or_o letter_n into_o all_o the_o palatinate_v or_o district_v of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o inferior_a officer_n they_o be_v fasten_v by_o a_o small_a cord_n to_o a_o long_a pole_n whence_o they_o be_v call_v
and_o be_v arm_v with_o dart_n and_o sabres_fw-es and_o if_o they_o please_v they_o may_v wear_v wing_n and_o feather_n those_o out_o of_o armour_n which_o be_v the_o four_o sort_n of_o horse_n wear_v a_o burka_n or_o rough_a mantle_n about_o their_o neck_n and_o have_v for_o arm_n a_o bow_n and_o arrow_n with_o a_o sabre_n these_o be_v the_o most_o numerous_a of_o all_o and_o compose_v the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o army_n call_z d_o by_o the_o pole_n woysko_n the_o number_n of_o these_o be_v always_o determine_v by_o the_o diet._n neither_o these_o nor_o the_o other_o ever_o wear_v livery_n as_o in_o most_o country_n because_o they_o be_v all_o polish_v gentleman_n these_o be_v they_o better_a discipline_v and_o better_o pay_v will_v perhaps_o be_v the_o fine_a cavalry_n in_o the_o world_n foot_n as_o for_o the_o foot_n they_o be_v either_o pole_n and_o lithuanian_n or_o foreigner_n levy_v chief_o in_o germany_n and_o hungary_n the_o zaporohensian_a cosack_n former_o serve_v the_o pole_n as_o volunteer_n for_o very_o small_a pay_n they_o sometime_o come_v in_o 30000_o strong_a arm_v with_o hook_a lance_n scymitar_n and_o long_a gun_n and_o each_o have_v his_o horse_n they_o fight_v either_o mount_v or_o on_o foot_n they_o use_v their_o own_o discipline_n and_o choose_v all_o their_o commander_n out_o of_o their_o own_o body_n and_o will_v frequent_o depose_v even_o their_o general_n without_o any_o reason_n if_o he_o be_v not_o successful_a i_o have_v observe_v some_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o these_o cosack_n in_o the_o first_o volume_n of_o this_o history_n and_o here_o it_o may_v not_o be_v a-miss_a by_o way_n of_o digression_n to_o say_v something_o more_o of_o they_o especial_o in_o what_o relate_v to_o war_n wherein_o i_o shall_v be_v as_o brief_a as_o i_o ought_v in_o reason_n cosack_n they_o have_v their_o name_n of_o zaporohensian_a from_o the_o russian_n call_v they_o porohi_n import_v that_o they_o live_v beyond_o the_o border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n he_o that_o govern_v they_o at_o present_a be_v their_o general_n who_o instead_o of_o a_o sceptre_n bear_v only_o a_o commander_n staff_n make_v of_o cane_n as_o this_o person_n be_v not_o elect_v by_o vote_n but_o by_o tumultuary_a acclamation_n and_o throw_v up_o of_o cap_n so_o he_o be_v frequent_o depose_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n by_o the_o inconstant_a suffrage_n of_o the_o populace_n but_o however_o while_o he_o enjoy_v his_o supremacy_n he_o have_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n over_o life_n and_o death_n next_o to_o he_o be_v the_o 4_o counsellor_n of_o war_n call_v by_o they_o assavuli_fw-la and_o the_o lieutenant-general_n after_o these_o be_v the_o several_a prefect_n and_o other_o sub-commander_n war_n in_o their_o counsel_n of_o war_n the_o general_n have_v cause_v all_o the_o people_n to_o be_v convene_v and_o stand_v under_o a_o canopy_n bear_v head_v together_o with_o the_o counsellor_n and_o lieutenant-general_n after_o make_v a_o small_a reverence_n to_o the_o multitude_n who_o be_v sit_v all_o the_o while_n propose_v to_o they_o what_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v debate_v at_o that_o session_n then_o be_v also_o his_o time_n to_o clear_v any_o accusation_n make_v against_o he_o or_o to_o request_v any_o favour_n of_o the_o public_a which_o he_o always_o do_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o submission_n and_o respect_n while_o the_o general_n be_v speak_v the_o people_n all_o hearken_v with_o profound_a silence_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v do_v they_o pronounce_v their_o pleasure_n with_o no_o less_o noise_n and_o vocifieration_n bo_n by_o land_n like_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n they_o fortify_v their_o camp_n with_o their_o carriage_n and_o at_o sea_n they_o be_v wont_n to_o defend_v their_o little_a boat_n against_o the_o fury_n of_o tempest_n by_o fence_v they_o all_o round_a and_o over_o head_n with_o reed_n radle_v together_o not_o unlike_o our_o arbour_n of_o these_o cosack_n amurath_n the_o great_a emperor_n of_o turkey_n use_v to_o say_v that_o in_o spite_n of_o the_o other_o potentate_n of_o europe_n he_o can_v sleep_v on_o both_o ear_n a_o turkish_a expression_n but_o that_o these_o gadflies_a will_v scarce_o suffer_v he_o to_o sleep_v on_o either_o power_n we_o may_v guess_v at_o the_o power_n of_o the_o cosack_n by_o observe_v that_o at_o one_o time_n they_o have_v above_o 200000_o man_n in_o the_o field_n in_o their_o rebellion_n against_o poland_n but_o then_o indeed_o they_o have_v assistance_n from_o the_o russian_n who_o rebel_v likewise_o at_o present_a they_o have_v pretty_a good_a intelligence_n with_o the_o pole_n be_v very_o uneasy_a under_o the_o turkish_a and_o muscovitish_a yoke_n and_o they_o do_v the_o late_a king_n john_n sobieski_n no_o small_a service_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o former_a employ_v to_o return_v to_o the_o polish_v foot_n as_o i_o say_v before_o they_o be_v either_o native_n or_o foreigner_n how_o the_o native_n be_v raise_v i_o show_v before_o they_o be_v 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not_o oblige_v to_o go_v beyond_o the_o frontier_n above_o five_o mile_n nor_o to_o continue_v above_o six_o week_n in_o the_o field_n and_o if_o they_o be_v compel_v by_o a_o unanimous_a agreement_n of_o the_o diet_n which_o never_o happen_v but_o upon_o very_o extraordinary_a occasion_n then_o either_o the_o king_n or_o state_n be_v to_o bear_v their_o charge_n and_o make_v good_a their_o damage_n when_o the_o gentry_n take_v any_o prisoner_n they_o be_v to_o present_v they_o to_o the_o king_n and_o he_o be_v to_o make_v they_o some_o return_n by_o custom_n but_o when_o they_o be_v take_v themselves_o they_o be_v to_o be_v ransom_v out_o of_o the_o public_a treasury_n for_o foreign_a expedition_n the_o pole_n make_v use_v of_o stipendiary_a soldier_n provide_v the_o enemy_n be_v not_o extraordinary_a strong_a for_o in_o such_o case_n the_o nobility_n by_o a_o decree_n of_o
commonwealth_n after_o a_o great_a many_o debate_n pro_n and_o con_n these_o last_o get_v the_o better_a and_o prevail_v to_o have_v the_o army_n continue_v in_o the_o same_o disorder_n as_o before_o example_n notwithstanding_o all_o these_o inconvenience_n that_o the_o polish_v government_n lie_v under_o as_o to_o military_a affair_n yet_o in_o time_n of_o action_n their_o cavalry_n especial_o have_v effect_v wonder_n a_o few_o example_n of_o which_o it_o may_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o entertain_v your_o grace_n with_o out_o of_o starovolscius_fw-la he_o begin_v with_o the_o reign_n of_o sigismond_n i._o and_o say_v that_o the_o general_n lesniovius_n with_o not_o above_o 1500_o spear-man_n rout_v above_o 40000_o moscovite_n kill_v upward_o of_o 9000_o on_o the_o spot_n in_o like_a manner_n another_o general_n boratinius_n with_o 2000_o horse_n defeat_v 30000_o moscovite_n kill_v 7000_o of_o they_o and_o bring_v away_o all_o their_o cannon_n in_o the_o same_o reign_n likewise_o 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long_o than_o the_o imposition_n he_o be_v to_o collect_v what_o as_o to_o provision_n there_o be_v no_o sutler_n in_o the_o polish_v army_n for_o two_o reason_n first_o because_o they_o will_v never_o be_v pay_v for_o what_o they_o sell_v and_o then_o though_o they_o dare_v venture_v yet_o they_o will_v run_v no_o ordinary_a risk_a to_o be_v plunder_v before_o they_o reach_v the_o camp_n and_o this_o especial_o by_o the_o lithuanian_n who_o be_v general_o more_o give_v that_o way_n than_o the_o pole_n there_o be_v likewise_o no_o magazine_n as_o in_o other_o country_n so_o that_o the_o officer_n especial_o be_v oblige_v to_o have_v great_a equipage_n and_o many_o carriage_n to_o convey_v their_o necessary_n along_o with_o they_o wherever_o they_o march_v among_o these_o their_o tent_n be_v extraordinary_a fine_a though_o very_o heavy_a also_o neither_o the_o king_n nor_o republic_n of_o poland_n have_v any_o public_a armoury_n or_o arsenal_n though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o 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heavy_a sort_n of_o arm_n insomuch_o that_o when_o boleslaus_n ii_o in_o his_o expedition_n against_o the_o prussian_n wade_v with_o his_o army_n through_o the_o river_n ossa_n many_o of_o his_o soldier_n be_v drown_v mere_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o arms._n fortification_n for_o castle_n poland_n have_v a_o great_a number_n scarce_o any_o considerable_a city_n or_o town_n be_v without_o one_o yet_o which_o be_v now_o of_o little_a or_o no_o use_n except_o some_o few_o which_o be_v still_o keep_v up_o the_o rest_n be_v suffer_v to_o decay_v by_o the_o noble_n that_o have_v get_v possession_n of_o they_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o first_o fortification_n in_o poland_n be_v on_o account_n of_o the_o frequent_a incursion_n of_o its_o neighbour_n though_o now_o say_v starovolscius_fw-la speak_v of_o himself_o and_o his_o country_n man_n be_v not_o desirous_a of_o invade_v other_o we_o find_v that_o we_o be_v sufficient_o capable_a to_o defend_v ourselves_o with_o our_o body_n though_o 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kingdom_n have_v a_o right_n to_o any_o of_o these_o mine_n as_o likewise_o to_o those_o of_o any_o metal_n find_v upon_o their_o land_n there_o be_v by_o the_o constitution_n no_o royal_a mine_n in_o poland_n except_o those_o of_o white_a salt_n only_o which_o belong_v peculiar_o to_o the_o king_n papermill_n throughout_o all_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o corn_n and_o cachat-mill_n but_o scarce_o any_o for_o full_v or_o paper_n yet_o which_o they_o may_v very_o well_o have_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a number_n of_o rapid_a stream_n in_o this_o and_o in_o other_o respect_n the_o pole_n be_v very_o negligent_a of_o their_o own_o interest_n be_v content_a to_o pay_v great_a rate_n for_o cloth_n and_o paper_n when_o they_o may_v easy_o have_v both_o of_o their_o own_o manufacture_n fish_n as_o for_o leather_n though_o no_o people_n use_v it_o more_o have_v almost_o all_o boot_n and_o chariot_n which_o they_o call_v ridevans_n yet_o do_v they_o not_o 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to_o the_o first_o large_a open_n when_o the_o two_o end_n of_o the_o net_n be_v bring_v together_o they_o pull_v they_o up_o and_o bring_v out_o with_o they_o all_o the_o fish_n that_o happen_v to_o be_v within_o the_o space_n of_o water_n through_o which_o the_o net_n be_v draw_v for_o they_o can_v possible_o leap_v over_o they_o because_o of_o the_o ice_n produce_v throughout_o all_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n there_o be_v huge_a quantity_n of_o honey_n to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o wood_n either_o in_o hollow_a tree_n hole_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o any_o where_o else_o that_o the_o bee_n can_v find_v to_o settle_v in_o of_o this_o honey_n as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o people_n make_v several_a sort_n of_o mead_n with_o which_o and_o the_o wax_n that_o come_v from_o it_o they_o trade_v very_o much_o into_o the_o neighbour_a country_n now_o be_v it_o not_o a_o great_a wonder_n that_o these_o bee_n can_v produce_v so_o great_a plenty_n of_o honey_n in_o so_o cold_a a_o climate_n but_o it_o seem_v they_o find_v something_o in_o the_o fir-tree_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a number_n in_o every_o wood_n that_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o flower_n which_o they_o suck_v their_o material_n from_o in_o other_o country_n prussia_n before_o i_o proceed_v to_o give_v your_o excellency_n a_o description_n of_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o dantzic_n i_o must_v take_v some_o cursory_a notice_n of_o the_o former_a trade_n of_o prussia_n before_o its_o inhabitant_n come_v to_o have_v the_o use_n of_o money_n in_o the_o xiiith_o century_n the_o teutonic_n knight_n come_v out_o of_o germany_n into_o prussia_n bring_v along_o with_o they_o the_o coin_n of_o their_o country_n for_o before_o that_o time_n the_o prussian_n only_o barter_v commodity_n with_o their_o neighbour_n their_o chief_a trade_n than_o lie_v in_o electrum_n or_o amber_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o which_o hartman_n a_o late_a german_a author_n give_v this_o account_n he_o say_v that_o since_o it_o can_v neither_o be_v melt_v down_o nor_o be_v malleable_a it_o be_v impossible_a it_o shall_v be_v metal_n and_o because_o it_o be_v too_o solid_a a_o body_n to_o come_v under_o the_o species_n of_o sulphur_n or_o bitumen_n it_o must_v necessary_o be_v rank_v among_o the_o precious_a stone_n this_o amber_n be_v of_o divers_a colour_n and_o notwithstanding_o hartman_n insinuate_v it_o to_o be_v always_o solid_a yet_o be_v it_o certain_a that_o sometime_o it_o be_v as_o liquid_a as_o oil_n there_o be_v a_o black_a sort_n of_o it_o which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o what_o we_o call_v jet_n a_o description_n of_o the_o city_n of_o dantzic_n siâ—ate_a to_o come_v to_o the_o description_n of_o dantzic_n in_o latin_a dantiscum_n or_o gedanum_n your_o excellency_n may_v be_v please_v to_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v the_o capital_a and_o largest_n city_n in_o royal_a prussia_n and_o lie_v in_o 41_o degree_n and_o 30_o minute_n of_o longitude_n and_o in_o 54_o degree_n and_o 20_o minute_n of_o latitude_n it_o be_v situate_a in_o one_o of_o the_o three_o island_n of_o which_o regal_a prussia_n consist_v call_v by_o the_o germane_a der_fw-mi dantzicher_n werder_n the_o other_o two_o have_v the_o name_n of_o der_fw-mi marienbursche_n werder_n and_o der_fw-mi elbingsâ—her_n werder_n this_o name_n der_fw-mi werder_n imply_v proper_o so_o many_o piece_n of_o solid_a ground_n encompass_v by_o fen_n and_o bog_n call_v by_o who_o this_o city_n be_v first_o build_v remain_v as_o yet_o undetermined_a becanus_n will_v have_v the_o dane_n to_o have_v be_v the_o founder_n of_o it_o and_o from_o they_o to_o have_v be_v call_v danes-wick_n i._n e._n danes-town_n but_o this_o derivation_n seem_v to_o have_v too_o much_o dutch_a in_o it_o therefore_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o to_o the_o word_n dan_fw-mi cdan_n or_o gdan_n be_v add_v the_o sclavonian_a term_n scke_n signify_v a_o town_n which_o make_v it_o danscke_o cdanscke_n or_o gdanscke_n and_o which_o may_v very_o reasonable_o be_v suppose_v afterward_o for_o better_a pronunciation_n sake_n to_o be_v change_v into_o dantzig_n or_o dantzic_n place_n it_o be_v distant_a about_o 80_o polish_v miles_n from_o cracow_n 40_o from_o posnan_n 50_o from_o warsaw_n 30_o from_o gnesna_n 22_o from_o throne_n 24_o from_o koningsberg_n 8_o from_o elbing_n 6_o from_o marienburg_n and_o near_o 4_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o be_v build_v on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o vistula_n on_o the_o north-west_n side_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a island_n strength_n the_o town_n itself_o be_v water_v by_o the_o river_n rodawn_n and_o motlaw_n and_o divide_v by_o the_o former_a into_o two_o part_n the_o old_a and_o the_o new_a on_o the_o southern_a and_o western_a side_n it_o be_v surround_v with_o high_a mountain_n and_o be_v well_o fortify_v with_o bulwark_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o swede_n in_o the_o year_n 1656._o it_o have_v a_o large_a and_o high_a wall_n so_o broad_a that_o coach_n easy_o go_v round_a the_o rampart_n and_o so_o large_a in_o compass_n that_o it_o be_v three_o hour_n journey_n round_o which_o i_o may_v very_o well_o compute_v at_o six_o english_a mile_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o rodawn_n on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o have_v a_o strong_a fort_n wherein_o there_o be_v common_o keep_v a_o garrison_n of_o 1000_o soldier_n it_o be_v impossible_a this_o city_n shall_v be_v bombard_v from_o the_o sea_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o distance_n from_o it_o but_o from_o the_o neighbour_a hill_n it_o may_v and_o therefore_o some_o work_n be_v raise_v there_o and_o always_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o soldier_n with_o store_n of_o cannon_n and_o ammunition_n place_v in_o they_o for_o its_o great_a security_n town_n this_o city_n be_v at_o present_a a_o famous_a mart_n and_o one_o of_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o hanse-town_n be_v altogether_o govern_v by_o its_o own_o law_n though_o under_o protection_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n from_o which_o it_o have_v a_o castellan_n appoint_v over_o it_o half_a of_o the_o suburb_n belong_v to_o that_o crown_n and_o the_o other_o half_a to_o the_o city_n for_o in_o some_o part_n the_o crown-land_n reach_v to_o the_o suburb_n but_o in_o other_o the_o city-land_n go_v several_a miles_n together_o into_o the_o country_n garden_n there_o be_v twenty_o parish_n in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o suburb_n the_o house_n be_v general_o of_o brick_n and_o the_o street_n most_o common_o very_o large_a and_o well_o pave_v though_o somewhat_o dirty_a in_o winter_n as_o most_o of_o the_o town_n in_o poland_n be_v the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o city_n call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n die_v rechte_v stadt_n be_v build_v by_o conrade_n wallenrodt_n master_n of_o the_o teutonick_n order_n about_o the_o year_n 1388._o there_o be_v no_o garden_n in_o the_o city_n but_o nevertheless_o several_a very_a fine_a and_o large_a
the_o livonian_a order_n and_o to_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o 1561._o this_o happen_v not_o long_a after_o luther_n reformation_n influence_v duke_n gothotre_v to_o become_v a_o protestant_n and_o to_o marry_o which_o none_o of_o his_o order_n have_v ever_o do_v before_o he_o this_o duke_n have_v two_o son_n ferderic_n and_o william_n whereof_o the_o elder_a 1587._o frederic_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o year_n 1587._o but_o at_o length_n die_v without_o issue_n these_o dukedom_n come_v to_o his_o brother_n 1602._o william_n who_o return_v from_o banishment_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o curlander_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o applause_n this_o duke_n have_v but_o one_o only_a son_n who_o be_v godson_n to_o our_o king_n james_n i._o after_o his_o death_n his_o son_n duke_n 1639._o james_n come_v to_o inherit_v the_o two_o dutchy_n of_o curland_n and_o semigallia_n it_o this_o prince_n be_v much_o give_v to_o building_n of_o ship_n have_v every_o thing_n in_o his_o country_n proper_a for_o that_o purpose_n by_o mean_n of_o ship_n he_o discover_v the_o river_n semigal_a in_o guinea_n and_o the_o island_n of_o tobago_n one_o of_o the_o caribbee_n island_n in_o america_n which_o then_o be_v altogether_o uninhabited_a here_o he_o build_v a_o fort_n call_v it_o by_o his_o own_o name_n james-fort_n and_o moreover_o be_v at_o vast_a expense_n in_o cultivate_a and_o fortify_v this_o island_n and_o which_o he_o enjoy_v without_o any_o interruption_n for_o many_o year_n together_o it_o at_o length_n one_o lambson_n a_o zealander_n and_o a_o very_a rich_a man_n as_o likewise_o one_o of_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n get_v into_o a_o corner_n of_o this_o island_n and_o after_o much_o dispute_n be_v suffer_v to_o plant_v there_o upon_o pay_v a_o yearly_a tribute_n to_o the_o duke_n he_o at_o last_o take_v advantage_n of_o the_o war_n between_o the_o suede_n and_o pole_n and_o of_o the_o duke_n imprisonment_n by_o the_o former_a to_o dispossess_v he_o of_o the_o say_a island_n which_o he_o effect_v after_o this_o manner_n he_o appear_v with_o some_o force_n before_o the_o aforesaid_a james-fort_n and_o persuade_v the_o garrison_n that_o the_o duke_n their_o protector_n be_v carry_v away_o prisoner_n by_o the_o suede_n can_v not_o possible_o relieve_v they_o and_o that_o therefore_o they_o must_v necessary_o perish_v unless_o they_o forthwith_o deliver_v up_o the_o fort_n and_o island_n to_o he_o the_o soldiers_z begin_v immediate_o to_o mutiny_n chain_v their_o governor_n and_o force_v he_o to_o capitulate_v and_o comply_v with_o the_o say_v lambson_n who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n engage_v himself_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o duke_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n to_o restore_v the_o island_n and_o what_o be_v leave_v there_o according_a to_o a_o inventory_n then_o take_v it_o the_o dutch_a be_v thus_o get_v into_o possession_n of_o this_o island_n the_o duke_n after_o many_o long_a and_o fruitless_a endeavour_n with_o the_o lambsons_n first_o and_o afterward_o with_o the_o state_n find_v that_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v enclinable_a to_o restitution_n apply_v himself_o to_o our_o king_n charles_n ii_o for_o assistance_n in_o recovery_n of_o his_o right_n submit_v the_o island_n altogether_o to_o the_o king_n protection_n as_o be_v willing_a to_o hold_v it_o subtitulo_n concessionis_fw-la or_o by_o a_o grant_n from_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n whereupon_o the_o ensue_a treaty_n be_v formal_o conclude_v which_o for_o a_o great_a eclaircisement_n of_o the_o matter_n i_o have_v think_v not_o improper_a to_o insert_v the_o agreement_n be_v in_o these_o word_n curland_n be_v it_o know_v unto_o all_o and_o singular_a person_n and_o person_n to_o who_o these_o present_n shall_v come_v that_o on_o the_o 17_o of_o the_o month_n of_o november_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1664._o by_o a_o double_a write_n of_o the_o same_o tenure_n and_o language_n it_o be_v agree_v between_o the_o most_o serene_a and_o most_o potent_a prince_n charles_n ii_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n defender_n of_o the_o faith_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o one_o part_n and_o the_o most_o illustrious_a prince_n james_z duke_z in_o livonia_n of_o curland_n and_o semigallia_n on_o the_o other_o part_n that_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n by_o these_o present_v do_v give_v and_o grant_v to_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o duke_n of_o curland_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n full_a liberty_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n for_o such_o ship_n as_o do_v proper_o belong_v to_o he_o or_o they_o but_o not_o such_o ship_n as_o belong_v to_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n in_o any_o river_n or_o havens_n within_o the_o dominion_n of_o his_o majesty_n on_o africa_n the_o coast_n of_o africa_n which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o guinea_n as_o also_o in_o any_o merchandise_n not_o exceed_v the_o value_n of_o twelve_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a yearly_a according_a to_o the_o price_n the_o say_v merchandize_n first_o be_v buy_v for_o on_o those_o coast_n and_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v export_v together_o with_o full_a liberty_n to_o build_v one_o or_o more_o warehouse_n or_o storehouse_n fit_a for_o lay_v up_o merchandize_n under_o the_o castle_n and_o fort_n which_o shall_v belong_v to_o his_o say_a majesty_n or_o his_o subject_n on_o those_o coast_n to_o hold_v and_o enjoy_v the_o say_v liberty_n as_o long_o as_o there_o do_v continue_v friendship_n amity_n and_o good_a understanding_n between_o the_o say_a king_n and_o the_o say_a duke_n and_o upon_o due_a consideration_n of_o the_o concession_n or_o grant_v thus_o make_v by_o his_o majesty_n the_o say_a duke_n of_o curland_n grant_n and_o make_v over_o unto_o his_o say_a majesty_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n the_o fort_n of_o st._n andrews_n in_o guinea_n and_o all_o other_o fort_n fortification_n and_o sconce_n there_o belong_v to_o the_o say_a duke_n together_o with_o all_o gun_n bullet_n and_o powder_n and_o other_o instrument_n of_o war_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o or_o any_o of_o those_o fort_n condition_n and_o the_o say_a duke_n of_o curland_n do_v agree_v and_o promise_v for_o himself_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n that_o they_o shall_v respective_o pay_v to_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n three_o in_o the_o hundred_o for_o custom_n of_o all_o good_n and_o merchandise_n in_o specie_fw-la as_o well_o into_o the_o port_n of_o his_o say_a majesty_n in_o guinea_n or_o thence_o export_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o that_o unto_o such_o officer_n or_o officer_n who_o or_o which_o his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n or_o successor_n shall_v establish_v or_o depute_v for_o the_o recover_n or_o receive_v of_o the_o say_a custom_n or_o duty_n tabago_n and_o moreover_o his_o say_a majesty_n by_o these_o present_v do_v give_v and_o grant_v to_o the_o say_a duke_n of_o curland_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n all_o and_o every_o that_o island_n call_v tobago_n situate_a about_o 12_o degree_n north-latitude_n and_o 316_o degree_n of_o longitude_n be_v one_o of_o those_o common_o call_v the_o caribbee_n island_n together_o with_o all_o the_o land_n havens_n creek_n river_n and_o profit_n to_o the_o same_o belong_v to_o be_v hold_v and_o enjoy_v under_o the_o king_n protection_n consideration_n provide_v always_o and_o under_o the_o condition_n that_o the_o say_a duke_n of_o curland_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n shall_v not_o suffer_v or_o permit_v any_o other_o whatsoever_o beside_o his_o own_o subject_n and_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n to_o abide_v in_o the_o say_a island_n to_o settle_v plantation_n or_o build_v house_n but_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n shall_v be_v always_o free_o permit_v to_o abide_v in_o the_o say_a island_n and_o to_o have_v plantation_n and_o house_n and_o to_o enjoy_v all_o such_o privilege_n liberty_n immunity_n and_o benefit_n as_o any_o of_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o say_a duke_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n shall_v or_o may_v have_v hold_v use_v or_o enjoy_v without_o any_o contradiction_n or_o opposition_n whatsoever_o neither_o shall_v they_o be_v compel_v to_o pay_v any_o other_o contribution_n or_o imposition_n whatsoever_o save_v such_o as_o be_v necessary_o require_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o say_a island_n and_o equal_o in_o the_o same_o proportion_n pay_v by_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o say_a duke_n moreover_o the_o say_a lord_n duke_n agree_v and_o promise_v that_o neither_o himself_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n nor_o any_o other_o for_o the_o use_n of_o he_o they_o or_o his_o subject_n shall_v export_v or_o import_n or_o suffer_v to_o be_v export_v or_o import_v any_o merchandise_n good_n or_o provision_n of_o the_o say_a island_n of_o tobago_n otherwise_o then_o out_o of_o or_o into_o some_o port_n belong_v to_o
general_n of_o the_o clergy_n how_o often_o and_o where_o convene_v 115._o minor_a clergy_n admit_v by_o deputy_n ib._n court_n of_o justice_n the_o kaptur_n what_o and_o its_o power_n 115._o ecclesiastical_a 116._o of_o nunciature_n ib._n high_a tribunal_n ib._n etc._n etc._n senate_n and_o green-cloth_n 117._o exchequer-court_n ib._n of_o land-judicature_n with_o its_o judge_n 118._o of_o the_o vice-chamberlain_n ib._n gentry_n criminal_a court_n 119._o commonalty-court_n in_o city_n ib._n in_o village_n 120._o where_o court_v of_o justice_n cease_v 129._o exception_n ib._n relate_v to_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o lithuania_n 224_o former_a judge_n there_o 225._o candidate_n for_o election_n what_o qualification_n require_v in_o he_o 140_o etc._n etc._n ceremony_n of_o the_o king_n swear_v to_o the_o pacta_fw-la conventa_fw-la 149_o etc._n etc._n of_o his_o enter_v cracow_n 154._o the_o interment_n of_o a_o decease_a king_n 155._o obsequy_n and_o procession_n 154._o procession_n at_o the_o coronation_n 156._o ceremony_n thereat_o ib._n farther_n particular_n ib._n etc._n etc._n coronation-oath_n 157._o word_n at_o kiss_v the_o book_n 159._o unction_n etc._n etc._n ib._n etc._n etc._n how_o pronounce_v king_n 161._o feast_n thereupon_o ibid._n ceremony_n of_o creation_n of_o teutonic_n knight_n 71._o *_o coronation_n king_n appoint_v the_o day_n 153._o place_n fix_v ib._n exception_n ib._n by_o who_o perform_v 155._o manner_n of_o crown_v 160._o enthron_v ibid._n curland_n bishop_n of_o vide_fw-la samogitia_n bishop_n of_o curland_n duchy_n its_o bound_n and_o extent_n 99_o *_o soil_v and_o former_a state_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o when_o whole_o conquer_v 100_o *_o convert_v by_o degree_n ib._n *_n its_o duke_n 105_o etc._n etc._n *_o duke_n vassal_n to_o poland_n 115_o *_o his_o privilege_n and_o power_n 116_o *_o revenue_n and_o court_n ibid._n *_o chief_z officer_n ibid._n *_o condition_n of_o gentry_n ib._n 117_o *_o geographical_a description_n 118_o *_o government_n 121_o *_o degree_n of_o demand_v justice_n 122_o *_o ecclesiastical_a court_n 123_o *_o city-court_n ibid._n *_o ministerial_a officer_n ibid._n *_o trade_n of_o curland_n ibid._n *_o corn_n in_o great_a request_n ibid._n *_o when_o curland_n be_v to_o revert_v to_o poland_n ibid._n *_o d._n diet_n grand_a of_o poland_n how_o resemble_v the_o english_a parliament_n 5._o what_o it_o be_v 6_o 83._o it_o be_v power_n ib._n by_o who_o call_v and_o where_o and_o how_o often_o meet_v ib._n manner_n of_o call_v it_o and_o proceed_n thereupon_o 84._o divide_v into_o three_o nation_n 91._o proceed_n at_o the_o open_n 95._o after_o the_o choice_n of_o a_o speaker_n ib._n proceed_n in_o the_o low_a house_n 96._o conference_n between_o the_o two_o house_n 95._o upper_a house_n how_o employ_v 96._o committee_n ib._n manner_n of_o break_v up_o session_n in_o the_o low_a house_n ib._n both_o house_n join_v ib._n diet_n session_n limit_v and_o wherefore_o 98_o etc._n etc._n matter_n general_o treat_v of_o 99_o great_a concourse_n there_o 101._o provision_n not_o scarce_o ib._n dangerous_a to_o be_v out_o a_o night_n 102._o visit_n unacceptable_a ib._n order_n of_o session_n in_o the_o diet_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n cause_n of_o disunion_n here_o 105._o by_o who_o soment_v ib._n great_a freedom_n of_o speech_n 108._o policy_n of_o conclude_a matter_n by_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n 110._o diet_n of_o convocation_n how_o summon_v 126._o proceed_v in_o little_a diet_n ib._n first_o proceed_n in_o this_o diet_n 128._o diet_n of_o election_n where_o hold_v etc._n etc._n 131_o etc._n etc._n first_o proceed_n there_o 133._o exorbitancy_n examine_v 135._o diet_n proceed_v to_o election_n 137_o etc._n etc._n farther_n particular_n thereof_o 138_o etc._n etc._n great_a concourse_n there_o and_o policy_n to_o bias_n they_o 139_o etc._n etc._n rule_n observe_v in_o election_n 141._o poland_n why_o preserve_v elective_a 142_o etc._n etc._n diet_n little_a where_o meet_v 84._o qualification_n for_o and_o manner_n of_o vote_v there_o 89._o proceed_n 90._o deputy_n representative_n of_o the_o gentry_n elect_v only_o by_o the_o gentry_n 6._o assume_v great_a liberty_n in_o the_o diet_n 34_o etc._n etc._n who_o and_o how_o many_o choose_a with_o their_o instruction_n 90._o how_o choose_v 91._o their_o number_n ib._n can_v be_v senator_n ib._n their_o salary_n ib._n when_o first_o send_v ib._n their_o power_n 95._o confirm_v and_o encourage_v ib._n their_o privilege_n 95_o etc._n etc._n how_o long_o sit_v 96._o have_v great_a guard_n at_o the_o diet_n 102._o awe_o the_o king_n and_o senate_n 104._o their_o business_n after_o diet_n of_o convocation_n 131._o dantzic_n privilege_n 23_o *_o where_o situate_a by_o who_o build_v and_o whence_o so_o call_v 42_o *_o how_o distant_a from_o other_o place_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o division_n and_o strength_n 43_o *_o one_o of_o the_o hanse-town_n ib._n *_n parish_n building_n street_n and_o garden_n 44_o *_o inhabitant_n their_o number_n and_o religion_n ib._n *_n church_n and_o town-house_n ib._n *_n magazine_n college_n exchange_n etc._n etc._n 45._o *_o jurisdiction_n and_o government_n ib._n *_n senator_n and_o their_o division_n ib._n *_n scabin_n syndic_n and_o burgrave_n 46_o *_o centum-viri_a and_o their_o power_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o city_n power_n and_o privilege_n 48_o *_o force_v by_o land_n and_o sea_n 49_o *_o how_o often_o take_v and_o regain_v 50_o *_o admit_v to_o vote_n in_o election_n of_o polish_v king_n 51_o *_o dutchy_n what_o in_o poland_n 174._o descent_n nature_n of_o they_o in_o poland_n 180._o child_n support_v their_o family_n however_o 181._o divine_n polish_v how_o far_o their_o learning_n extend_v 78._o *_o their_o divinity_n 79._o *_o e._n escheator_n his_o power_n 77._o ambassador_n send_v to_o the_o diet_n of_o election_n 129._o notify_v their_o arrival_n and_o how_o be_v receive_v ib._n etc._n etc._n 135_o etc._n etc._n other_o send_v from_o the_o republic_n 130._o caution_n to_o foreign_a minister_n ib._n etc._n etc._n what_o requisite_a in_o foreign_a minister_n 136._o what_o foreign_a ambassador_n be_v oblige_v to_o 179._o election_n decree_n of_o present_v the_o king_n 150._o exercise_n what_o practise_v in_o poland_n 202._o edibles_fw-fr what_o sort_v use_v among_o the_o pole_n 209._o odd_a dainty_n 210._o pottage_n and_o sauce_n 215._o crachat_n what_o and_o how_o make_v 216._o edibles_fw-fr among_o the_o rustic_n of_o lithuania_n 227._o meat_n and_o drink_n of_o the_o peasant_n in_o prussia_n 235._o f._n fast_n in_o poland_n how_o observe_v 51._o pole_n retain_v a_o rigid_a custom_n and_o wherefore_o 52._o faction_n foreign_a what_o promote_v they_o 106._o fashion_n present_v in_o poland_n 196._o what_o fur_n use_v ib._n some_o follow_v the_o french_a mode_n 197._o woman_n former_a and_o late_a fashion_n ib._n etc._n etc._n family_n polish_v what_o 202._o fowl_n sort_n in_o poland_n 211_o etc._n etc._n fish_n what_o kind_n the_o pole_n have_v 212._o feast_n custom_n thereat_o 216._o banquetting-hall_n ib._n etc._n etc._n particular_n of_o servant_n there_o 217._o feast_n make_v by_o turn_v 218._o foot_n polish_v what_o and_o how_o employ_v 13_o *_o hire_a and_o their_o condition_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o why_o so_o much_o use_v and_o arm_n and_o livery_n 14_o *_o hungarian_n when_o first_o hire_v 16_o *_o force_v polish_v cause_n that_o weaken_v it_o 18_o etc._n etc._n *_o other_o inconvenience_n that_o suppress_v it_o 21_o etc._n etc._n *_o mean_v to_o avoid_v these_o but_o overrule_v 24_o *_o g._n gentry_n polish_v court_v by_o european_a prince_n 3._o resolve_v thereupon_o 4._o equal_o noble_a 5._o seldom_o intermarry_v with_o commonalty_n ibid._n only_o capable_a of_o preferment_n 20_o 167._o have_v not_o equal_a claim_n to_o every_o preferment_n ib._n etc._n etc._n how_o keep_v in_o dependence_n on_o the_o king_n 22._o what_o prove_v equality_n among_o they_o 103._o no_o disgrace_n to_o be_v chastise_v 123._o their_o power_n and_o privilege_n 168._o can_v be_v apprehend_v till_o convict_v 168_o etc._n etc._n exception_n 169._o can_v be_v execute_v without_o the_o king_n consent_n 170._o need_v not_o quarter_v soldier_n ib._n etc._n etc._n other_o privilege_n 171._o need_v not_o pay_v tax_n till_o oblige_v by_o diet_n ib._n have_v pre-emption_a 172._o have_v one_o grievance_n ib._n how_o come_v by_o their_o privilege_n 172._o value_n no_o honour_n and_o why_o 173._o despise_v title_n of_o prince_n ib._n assume_v title_n when_o they_o travel_v 174._o further_a power_n 175._o what_o make_v they_o so_o great_a ib._n etc._n etc._n their_o excessive_a grandeur_n and_o magnificence_n 176._o gentry_n and_o citizen_n in_o lithuania_n 225._o gentry_n how_o far_o oblige_v to_o march_n 15_o *_o gentleman_n polish_v who_o 5._o gentlemen-pensioner_n 29._o a_o gentleman_n how_o make_v 188._o government_n mix_v establish_v in_o poland_n by_o what_o motive_n 6_o etc._n etc._n unhappy_a state_n of_o polish_v government_n 109._o a_o wonder_n how_o it_o can_v subsist_v 110._o
the_o gentry_n and_o citizen_n rustic_n and_o their_o condition_n work_v on_o sunday_n pay_v rigid_a duty_n etc._n etc._n their_o edible_n and_o custom_n at_o grind_a corn._n their_o habit_n carriage_n and_o how_o make_v house_n employment_n within_o and_o without_o door_n why_o little_a horse_n here_o qualification_n for_o marriage_n character_n of_o these_o rustic_n samogitia_n differ_v from_o lithuania_n sturdy_n drinker_n reward_v proof_n of_o great_a age._n people_z more_o robu_v here_o manner_n in_o husbandry_n strange_a way_n of_o prune_v tree_n peculiar_a manner_n of_o sow_v way_n of_o order_v corn._n peculiar_a custom_n in_o prusia_n habitation_n and_o furniture_n meat_n and_o drink_n the_o pospolite_n or_o polish_v militia_n who_o oblige_v to_o serve_v in_o the_o horse_n who_o in_o the_o foot_n and_o penalty_n for_o neglect_v in_o both_o who_o be_v excuse_v from_o serve_v the_o great_a number_n of_o the_o pospolife_o former_o and_o now_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o be_v raise_v and_o muster_v thing_n require_v in_o vain_a of_o the_o polish_v cavalry_n meet_v at_o the_o general_n rendezvous_n a_o division_n of_o the_o army_n and_o first_o of_o the_o horse_n heavy_a arm_v light_a horse_n a_o division_n of_o the_o foot_n a_o further_a account_n of_o the_o cosack_n proceed_n in_o their_o counsel_n of_o war_n way_n of_o fortify_v their_o camp_n and_o bo_n their_o power_n what_o the_o polish_v foot_n be_v and_o how_o employ_v hire_a foot_n and_o their_o condition_n why_o so_o much_o use_v and_o their_o arm_n and_o livery_n gentry_z how_o far_o oblige_v to_o march_n with_o other_o particular_n hungarian_a foot_n when_o first_o hire_v auxiliary_n what_o example_n quartarians_n what_o and_o whence_o so_o call_v volunteer_n what_o in_o poland_n example_n select_v out_o of_o the_o gentry_n cause_n that_o weaken_v the_o polish_v force_n four_o thing_n require_v to_o defend_v a_o state_n manner_n of_o pay_v the_o army_n the_o rokosz_n and_o its_o manner_n of_o proceed_v example_n other_o inconvenience_n which_o suppress_v the_o pole_n power_n mean_v propose_v to_o avoid_v these_o inconvenience_n but_o ever-ruâ—ed_a â—reat_a force_n of_o cavalry_n notwithstanding_o with_o example_n two_o quality_n necessary_a in_o war._n soldier_n pay_v from_o what_o it_o arise_v and_o how_o raise_v provision_n and_o ammunition_n what_o gun-founder_n foreign_a for_o fortification_n pretend_a advantage_n thereby_o general_n their_o power_n and_o duration_n lieutenant_z generals_z their_o power_n other_o general_n officer_n other_o officer_n of_o the_o army_n some_o few_o particular_n of_o the_o pole_n jus_fw-la belli_n pole_n not_o much_o incline_v to_o trade_n and_o why_o commidity_n export_v and_o import_v but_o little_a money_n and_o why_o coin_n most_o current_a in_o poland_n contribute_v to_o poverty_n other_o coin_n pole_n not_o very_o rich_a and_o why_o particular_n of_o trade_n concern_v salt_n no_o full_a or_o papermill_n concern_v leather_n and_o fish_n manner_n of_o fish_v honey_n and_o its_o produce_v former_a trade_n of_o prussia_n â—antzic_a here_o siâ—ate_a by_o who_o build_v and_o whence_o so_o call_v how_o distant_a from_o other_o place_n it_o be_v division_n and_o strength_n one_o of_o the_o hanse_fw-mi town_n parish_n building_n street_n and_o garden_n inhabitant_n their_o number_n and_o religion_n church_n town-house_n three_o magazine_n a_o college_n exchange_n etc._n etc._n jurisdiction_n and_o government_n senator_n and_o their_o division_n the_o twelve_o scabin_n and_o syndic_n burgrave_n to_o represent_v the_o king_n centumviri_n their_o power_n manner_n of_o elect_v and_o ordain_v priest_n four_o roman_a catholic_n church_n king_n power_n and_o revenue_n here_o city-power_n and_o privilege_n force_v by_o land_n and_o sea_n first_o coin_n in_o prussia_n present_a coin_n in_o dantzic_n how_o often_o take_v and_o regain_v admit_v to_o vote_n in_o election_n of_o polish_v king_n origin_n of_o teutonic_n order_n who_o build_v their_o hospital_n of_o jerusalem_n their_o order_n confirm_v and_o by_o what_o title_n another_o hospital_n with_o their_o removal_n into_o germany_n and_o prussia_n marienburg_n build_v for_o sake_n prussia_n and_o wherefore_o their_o statute_n habit_n number_n and_o manner_n be_v much_o favour_v by_o several_a prince_n great_a master_n in_o prussia_n i_o great_a master_n 1190._o two_o great_a master_n 1200._o iii_o great_a master_n 1206._o iv_o great_a master_n 1210._o v_o great_a master_n 1240._o vi_o great_a master_n 1252._o vii_o great_a master_n 1263._o viii_o great_a master_n 1275._o ix_o great_a master_n 1283._o x_o great_a master_n 1290._o xi_o great_a master_n 1297._o xii_o great_a master_n 1307._o xiii_o great_a master_n 1309._o fourteen_o great_a master_n 1322._o xv_o great_a master_n 1325._o xvi_o great_a master_n 1329._o xvii_o great_a master_n 1339._o xviii_o great_a master_n 1342._o xix_o great_a master_n 1348._o xx_o great_a master_n 1379._o xxi_o great_a master_n 1388._o xxii_o great_a master_n 1394._o xxiii_o great_a master_n 1404._o xxiv_o great_a master_n 1406._o xxv_o great_a master_n 1414._o xxvi_o great_a master_n 1323._o xxvii_o great_a master_n 1432._o xxviii_o great_a master_n 1450._o xxix_o great_a master_n 1467._o xxx_o great_a master_n 1468._o xxxi_o great_a master_n 1480._o xxxii_o great_a master_n 1489._o xxxiii_o great_a master_n 1498._o xxxiv_o great_a master_n 1512._o dantzic_n b_o siege_v by_o albert._n siege_n raise_v by_o the_o pole_n albert_n submit_v to_o sigismond_n great_a master_n in_o germany_n xxxv_o great_a master_n 1531._o xxxvi_o great_a master_n 1543._o xxxvii_o great_a master_n 1566._o xxxviii_o great_a master_n 1572._o thirty-nine_o great_a master_n 1587._o xl_o great_a master_n 1619._o xli_o great_a master_n 1624._o xlii_o great_a master_n 1627._o xliii_o great_a master_n 1644._o xliv_o great_a master_n 1664._o a_o prince_n of_o neubourg_n elect_v of_o the_o order_n ceremony_n of_o creation_n elect_v likewise_o coadjutor_n present_a state_n of_o teutonic_n order_n in_o germany_n two_o university_n chief_z study_v there_o learn_v former_o oriental_a language_n disregard_v present_a language_n in_o poland_n polish_v hard_a to_o pronounce_v reason_n why_o the_o pole_n affect_v latin_n have_v no_o solid_a learning_n how_o far_o that_o of_o divine_n extend_v their_o divinity_n lawyer_n their_o number_n and_o study_v who_o seldom_o go_v to_o law_n a_o suppose_a judgement_n on_o a_o lawyer_n physician_n and_o their_o ability_n not_o allow_v to_o study_v till_o qualify_v discourge_v learning_n natural_a observable_n and_o rarity_n of_o wood_n and_o earth_n strange_a water_n and_o their_o effect_n monstrous_a fish_n fowl_n of_o odd_a quality_n beast_n of_o strange_a kind_n rarity_n communicate_v to_o dr._n connor_n argentum_fw-la fulminans_fw-la make_v by_o chance_n other_o experiment_n dr._n bernitz'_v chsâ—t_v of_o rarity_n manner_n of_o make_v glass_n odd_a method_n of_o cure_v wound_n practise_v of_o physic_n what_o medicine_n use_v disease_n what_o venereal_a how_o cure_a by_o a_o quack_n surprise_v particular_n disease_n peculiar_a to_o the_o pole_n and_o first_o the_o plica_fw-la it_o be_v description_n unaccountableness_n symptom_n neither_o bleed_v nor_o be_v painful_a say_a to_o be_v contagious_a and_o hereditary_a common_a to_o man_n and_o beast_n superstition_n concern_v it_o and_o other_o case_n where_o most_o common_a it_o be_v cure_n by_o a_o jew_n cause_n assert_v but_o question_v another_o account_n of_o the_o plica_fw-la hair_n canular_a the_o rose_n and_o its_o cure_n present_a bound_n and_o extent_n of_o curland_n it_o be_v soil_n and_o former_a state_n when_o whole_o conquer_a convert_v to_o christianity_n by_o degree_n i_o bishop_n in_o livonia_n 1180._o two_o bp_o &_o abp_n of_o riga_n 1194._o iii_o abp_n of_o riga_n 1194._o i_o absolute_a master_n of_o livonian_a order_n 1205._o two_o absolute_a master_n 1223._o iii_o master_n 1238._o iv_o master_n 1240._o five_o master_n 1248._o vi_o master_n 1250._o vii_o master_n viii_o master_n ix_o master_n x_o master_n xi_o master_n xii_o master_n xiii_o master_n fourteen_o master_n xv_o mast_n r_o xvi_o master_n xvii_o master_n xviii_o master_n xix_o master_n 1488._o iii_o absclute_a master_n 1513._o iv._o abso-master_n v._o absolute_a master_n vi_o absolute_a master_n 1560._o residence_n of_o this_o order_n i._o duke_n of_o curland_n 1561._o ii_o duke_n 1587._o iii_o duke_n 1602._o iv._o duke_n 1639._o discover_v tobago_n and_o enjoy_v it_o be_v deprive_v of_o it_o proposes_n mean_v to_o recover_v it_o agreement_n between_o the_o k._n of_o england_n and_o d._n of_o curland_n grant_v of_o trade_n in_o africa_n upon_o what_o condition_n grant_v of_o the_o island_n tabago_n under_o what_o consideration_n duke_n oblige_v to_o aid_v the_o king_n in_o war._n a_o letter_n send_v hereupon_o but_o with_o little_a effect_n french_z beg_v the_o island_n of_o their_o king_n a_o second_o letter_n from_o k._n charles_n a_o letter_n intercept_v the_o duke_n send_v governor_n make_v a_o contract_n with_o a_o captain_n description_n of_o tobago_n why_o necessary_a to_o be_v english_a hand_n tobacco_n whence_o so_o call_v duke_n james_n marriage_n and_o issue_n vi_o duke_n his_o marriage_n and_o issue_n 1683._o vii_o duke_n 1698._o d._n of_o curland_n vassal_n to_o poland_n his_o privilege_n and_o power_n revenue_n and_o court_n chief_z officer_n qualification_n of_o supreme_a stagostas_n condition_n of_o gentry_n addition_n concern_v livonian_n order_n principal_a master_n how_o and_o where_o choose_v marshal_n of_o the_o order_n number_n of_o comendador_n number_n of_o advocates_n title_n habit_n and_o arm_n of_o this_o order_n geographical_a description_n of_o curland_n city_n and_o town_n of_o goldingen_n vinda_n residence_n of_o knight_n pilten_n rich_a gentry_n in_o curland_n mittaw_n it_o be_v castle_n street_n and_o house_n how_o distant_a from_o other_o place_n how_o often_o conquer_a bauske_n religion_n in_o curland_n two_o roman_a catholic_n church_n calvinâ—â—_n church_n at_o mittaw_n government_n of_o curland_n the_o parliament_n court_n of_o supreme_a councillor_n degree_n of_o demand_v justice_n ecclesiastical_a court_n city_n court_n ministerial_a officer_n trade_n of_o curland_n corn_n in_o great_a request_n and_o wherefore_o where_o curland_n be_v to_o rever_n to_o poland_n