Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	great_a	keep_v	king_n	2,594	5	3.5237	3	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A47627	An historical account of the divisions in Poland, from the death of K. John Sobieski, to the settlement of the present king on the throne containing a particular relation of the late king's death, and of all the intrigues of the several candidates, till the coronation of the Elector of Saxony / translated from the French original ; written by M. de la Biazdiere.; Histoire de la scission ou division arrivée en Pologne le 27 juin 1697 au sujet de l'election d'un roy. English	La Bizardière, M. de (Michel-David)	1700 (1700)	Wing L101; ESTC R9721	106,719	234

to any of his Arguments On the 10th of September that Matter came under Debate The Marshal of the Diet made a Speech in the Senate and spoke by an innuendo against the Interests of that Princess with so much warmth that the Cardinal who had too openly declared himself in her Favour thought himself obliged to interrupt him This seemed so much the greater an Affront to the Marshal because the Law forbids such Interruptions He had said that they ought Mediam tenere viam inter praefractam contumaciam deforme obsequium The Primat had desired him to explain what he meant by those Words and Hamiecki asked him the reason of the Affront which in his Person he had offered to the whole Body of Gentry The Deputies took his Part and being of the Mind that the Queen should withdraw during the Sitting of the Diet they most of 'em went out and were follow'd by the greatest part of the Senators Their pretence was that the Arch-Bishop had abus'd the Mareschal They were very glad of giving him this Mortification purely because they thought him too much wedded to the Queen's Interest and the Bishop of Cujavia out of Envy to the Primate fomented the Division that so he might sit as President in the Diets This Difference lasted four days but was adjusted by the Prudence of the Bishops who offer'd themselves as Mediators The Deputies met again on the nineteenth Several Bishops and Senators waited upon them at their Chamber where the Bishop of Cujavia declared that the Queen in compliance with the repeated Instances of the Primate Bishops and himself and to remove all occasion of complaint had resolv'd to retire She kept her word and the same say set out for Bialana near Warsaw after she had received the sad News from Leopold that the Confederate Army had committed great Outrages upon her Lands and upon those that belong'd to the late King that it had exacted very large Contributions from the Inhabitants and even threatned to seize upon the whole if they were not speedily satisfied They committed the same Disorders on the States of the Clergy and Gentry The Misfortune was Universal and every Day they expected fresh News of more Disasters The Turks and Tartars by their Preparations continually alarmed them and the Muscovite who used to make an Advantage of the Misfortunes of his Neighbours seemed to be willing to break with the Crown His Resident had some Days before presented a Letter to the Senate wherein the Czar his Master demanded of the Republick that the King they chose should maintain the Treaties concluded with Muscovy and should no longer take upon him the Titles of the Provinces of Smolensko Kiovia and Czernichovia which he pretended had been granted to him in the last Treaty of Leopold They were neither surpized nor daunted at this Demand for they all knew that the Muscovites are as insolent in Prosperity as they are abject in Adversity Besides the Czar had too much Business upon his Hands with the Turks and Tartars against whom he had declared War for no other Reason but because he saw them attack'd by the Empire Poland and the Republick of Venice against whom those Infidels had made but a weak Defence ever since the Confederacy which these three great States had concluded betwixt themselves The Czar John died in Jan. 1696. not at all lamented by his Subjects who had so great a Contempt for him that contrary to the Custom of the Nation they obliged him to make his younger Brother Collegue in the Throne The Czar Peter invested with the Authority which he had unjustly usurped from his eldest Brother was willing to let his Subjects see that he was not unworthy of the Favours they had bestowed upon him He laid Siege to the City of Asoph a second time and was more successful in it than the first This Place was surrendred to him on the 28th of July and had obtained as honourable Conditions as they could have hoped for from a Nation that makes use of the very least Advantages The Garrison went out on the 29th being 3000 Turks with their Arms Bag and Baggage and were transported ten Leagues by the Czar's Gallies The Muscovites had lost at this Siege the very best of their Troops and two or three such Victories more would undoubtedly ruine their Empire The Poles were well satisfied that the Haughtiness of the Muscovite was not so much raised by the taking of Asoph as by the vain Promises which the Germans had made him of causing a powerful Diversion and of putting the Czar into a Capacity of conquering Tartary whilst the Imperialists drove the Turks out of Europe The Muscovites thought it a noble Project whilst the Poles who knew the State of the Affairs of Germany looked upon it as Impracticable so that they returned Answer to the Czar's Resident That the King who should be chose should advise with the Republick whether it was proper for the Welfare of the State to give him Satisfaction as to his Demands or to retake by force the Provinces which his Master had unjustly usurped The Proposal of the Muscovite did not so much alarm the Poles as the Confederate Army did whose Deputies demanded Pay for ten Years past and threatned Military Execution if the Republick did not give them speedy Satisfaction It was hard for the Diet to get out of these Troubles they were all for paying off the Army tho' none of them were for contributing the least Penny toward it The Publick Treasure was exhausted by the Mismanagement of those who had the Care of the Finances Several Persons disaffected to the late Government were on this urgent Occasion for making use of the Money which the late King had heaped up They remonstrated that since those vast Riches were gotten out of the State it was but just to apply them to its present Necessities and to the Discharge of its Debts The Queen and the Princes of the Blood had still some Friends left who opposed this Design and even when the Interest of the Royal Family was sinking Horodenski Deputy of the Palatinate of Czereniechovia left the Diet about the end of September after he had protested against all that should be resolved upon in his Absence Such a Protestation as this is enough in Poland to break up a Diet. The Republick could not conquer the stubbornness of the Deputy Whereupon according to Custom in the like Case they made a General Confederacy whereby it was ordered That the Diet of Election should be in the open Field by the Convention of all the Gentry and it was further added That those who should propose a Piasto or a Pole by Birth should be looked upon as Enemies to their Country But to the great Surprize of the Royal Family whose Interest it was that the Diet should be held before Winter that so all Foreign Competitors might be prevented the opening of it was fixed for the 15th of May in the Year next ensuing which

Reign of John Sobieski III. which will compleat the Secret History of Poland from the beginning of that Prince's Reign to the Time that the Elector of Saxony their present Sovereign mounted the Throne It contains abundance of Original Letters writ by the Emperor K. of Poland Senate of Venice D. of Lorrain Count Teckley and other Great Persons and Generals during the Campaign of Vienna discovers many Intrigues of those Courts and others not hitherto made publick and contains Geographical Remarks on Poland Hungary Germany c. no less pleasant than profitable to the Reader AN Historical Account OF THE DIVISIONS IN POLAND From the Death of King JOHN SOBIESKI To the Settlement of the Present King on the Throne c. THE Death of any Prince is always attended with a Change in the State That of his Polish Majesty made but little Impression on the Republick they forgot his Merit which they supposed to have received a sufficient Reward and his Subjects who ought to have been affected with the Loss of their Sovereign to applaud his Piety and to esteem his Valor had their Eyes fixed on one single Fault which had tarnished his other excellent Qualifications They excused it in the Person of Sobieski Grand Marshal and Great General of the Crown but could not pardon it in John III. King of Poland It was his Opinion That in order to ensure the Crown to his Family it was requisite to make himself Master of large Treasures which being distributed just at the time of Election might gain his Son those Votes which he had acquired by his great Actions Had he been as good a Politician as he was a Commander he would have followed another sort of a Conduct he would have left less Money and more Friends to his Family who are more useful for the carrying on of great Designs The States of Poland which after the Defeat of the Turks at Choczin had seen their General make his Appearance at the Diet of Election with a Magnificence worthy of a King thought fit to reward the Vertue of a Gentleman who seemed to have been born to wear a Crown They granted to his Merit what they refused to the Birth Promises and Intrigues of so many Princes who were his Competitors He had the Glory of carrying the Day from them all and dyed in Hopes that the Prince Royal his Son would have been Heir to his Fortune He imagined that he had taken all the Precautions that Humane Prudence could direct without considering that this has often failed those who thought themselves to be the wisest of Men and that 't is Divine Providence which disposes of the Crowns as it thinks fit After the King had taken such Measures which were as false as he esteemed them safe he left the Execution of them to the Queen his Consort a Princess of a Genius far above those of her Sex and yet such as had its Faults She was for making more of the Post she was in than the King desired and had the Satisfaction for two and twenty Years together to see her Designs succeed which have since raised such Regrets in her as will last while she lives Her first Project was to preserve the King's Health and to prolong a Life that was so precious to her A Jew of Casal named Jonas was then in Poland and passed for a learned Man among those of his Religion and had neglected Trade and Usury which are so alluring to the Men of that Sect that he might wholly apply himself to the Study of Physic The Queen made this Man his Majesty's Physician in Ordinary whose Reputation was established and soon after increased more perhaps by the good Constitution of the King than by the Art or Skill of the Doctor The Success of Dr. Jonas drew a great many Jews to him in hopes of having a share in his Favour Among the rest he introduced one into the Queen's Acquaintance who may be look'd upon as one of the Occasions of the Misfortunes of her and her whole Family This Jew's Name was Bethsal born in Russia and had no other Qualification but what the Jews are all endowed with but understood his Talent so well that even whilst he practised Usury with the utmost Rigor he had the Address of appearing Magnificent and Disinterested This Man waited upon the Queen whose blind side every one was acquainted with He brought his Recommendation along with him being resolved to throw away a considerable Summ of Money which he foresaw he should make up again in a little time He proposed to take the King's Lands by Lease and offered one third for them above their real Value His Proposal was very well received and they engaged him to take his Majesty's other Demeans which he accepted of upon the same Conditions The King seemed so well satisfied with his Conduct that he began to bestow several Favours at his Request They waited upon Bethsal to buy those Offices that were vacant and he who bad most was always look'd upon as best qualified This buying and selling of Offices was not at first publickly known those who could not get into any imagin'd that this Jew was the Opposer of their Fortunes and resolved to assassinate him But his Prudence prevented the Effects of the Publick Odium he maintained thirty Poles for his Guard and paid them so well that he preserved a Life against which had not their Interest interposed they would perhaps have been the first that would have made any Attempt Bethsal looked upon himself rather as a Minister of State than a Farmer of the Kings Revenue All Offices several Starostas and other Dignities that rose not so high as Palatins and other great Dignities of the Crown were distributed to none but those who made their Application to and bargain with him The Poles cryed shame on their Prince's Blindness and the Author of this so vile a Mismanagement On the contrary the Jews looked upon Bethsal as another Mordecai and Sobieski a second Ahasuerus The K. of Poland could not be ignorant of the Artifice of this Man on whom he had too much relied The Poles to this Day accuse him of having heaped up so much Treasure by the Sale of Offices and such a Conduct so full of Self-Interest has made his Memory to stink among them He had the Misfortune during his Life never to be acquainted with the odiousness of this buying and selling of Places and this Disgrace happened to him by a Fate incident to Princes of having too many Flatterers but no True Friends about them The Poles whilst the King was living could not dissemble their hatred to Bethsal whom they accused of Extortion and Sacriledge The first Crime was easie to prove He was convicted of the second by all those who had entred Foreign Merchandises into the Kingdom This Jew who had farmed the Customs caused the Merchants to appear before him presented a Crucifix to them and after he had made them worship it took an