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author_n of_o that_o book_n say_v that_o against_o a_o erroneous_a judgement_n all_o remedy_n be_v by_o this_o statute_n take_v away_o and_o though_o neither_o reason_n nor_o the_o office_n of_o a_o king_n nor_o any_o law_n positive_a can_v prohibit_v the_o remedy_n of_o any_o injury_n much_o less_o of_o a_o unjust_a sentence_n yet_o he_o show_v many_o statute_n wherein_o a_o man_n conscience_n ought_v to_o prevail_v above_o the_o law_n ph._n upon_o what_o ground_n can_v he_o pretend_v that_o all_o remedy_n in_o this_o case_n be_v by_o this_o statute_n prohibit_v la._n he_o say_v it_o be_v thereby_o enact_v that_o judgement_n give_v by_o the_o king_n court_n shall_v not_o be_v examine_v in_o the_o chancery_n parliament_n nor_o elsewhere_o ph._n be_v there_o any_o mention_n of_o chancery_n in_o this_o act_n it_o can_v be_v examine_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n nor_o before_o the_o parliament_n but_o you_o see_v that_o before_o the_o statute_n it_o be_v examine_v 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conscience_n to_o pay_v he_o ph._n here_o be_v no_o prefer_v that_o i_o see_v of_o the_o law_n above_o conscience_n or_o equity_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o this_o case_n lose_v not_o his_o debt_n for_o want_n either_o of_o law_n or_o equity_n but_o for_o want_v of_o proof_n for_o neither_o law_n nor_o equity_n can_v give_v a_o man_n his_o right_n unless_o he_o prove_v it_o la._n also_o if_o the_o grand-jury_n in_o attaint_n affirm_v a_o false_a verdict_n give_v by_o the_o petty-jury_n there_o be_v no_o far_a remedy_n but_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o party_n ph._n here_o again_o the_o want_n of_o proof_n be_v the_o want_n of_o remedy_n for_o if_o he_o can_v prove_v that_o the_o verdict_n give_v be_v false_a the_o king_n can_v give_v he_o remedy_v such_o way_n as_o himself_o shall_v think_v best_a and_o aught_o to_o do_v it_o in_o case_n the_o party_n shall_v find_v surety_n if_o the_o same_o verdict_n be_v again_o affirm_v to_o satisfy_v his_o adversary_n for_o the_o damage_n and_o vexation_n he_o put_v he_o to_o la._n but_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n make_v since_o viz._n 27_o eliz._n c._n 8._o by_o which_o that_o statute_n of_o hen._n 4._o 23._o be_v in_o part_n take_v away_o for_o by_o that_o statute_n erroneous_a judgement_n give_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n be_v by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o be_v examine_v in_o the_o exchequer-chamber_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common-bench_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o by_o the_o preamble_n of_o this_o act_n it_o appear_v that_o erroneous_a judgement_n be_v only_o to_o be_v reform_v by_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n ph._n but_o here_o be_v no_o mention_n that_o the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n shall_v be_v bring_v in_o to_o be_v examine_v in_o the_o exchequer-chamber_n why_o therefore_o may_v not_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n
little_a worth_n if_o they_o tend_v not_o to_o the_o preservation_n and_o improvement_n of_o man_n life_n see_v then_o without_o humane_a law_n all_o thing_n will_v be_v common_a and_o this_o community_n a_o cause_n of_o encroachment_n envy_n slaughter_n and_o continual_a war_n of_o one_o upon_o another_o the_o same_o law_n of_o reason_n dictate_v to_o mankind_n for_o their_o own_o preservation_n a_o distribution_n of_o land_n and_o good_n that_o each_o man_n may_v know_v what_o be_v proper_a to_o he_o so_o as_o none_o other_o may_v pretend_v a_o right_a thereunto_o or_o disturb_v he_o in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o same_o this_o distribution_n be_v justice_n and_o this_o proper_o be_v the_o same_o which_o we_o say_v be_v one_o own_v by_o which_o you_o may_v see_v the_o great_a necessity_n there_o be_v of_o statute_n law_n for_o preservation_n of_o all_o mankind_n it_o be_v also_o a_o dictate_v of_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n that_o statute_n law_n be_v a_o necessary_a mean_n of_o the_o 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can_v make_v his_o law_n effectual_a nor_o defend_v his_o people_n against_o their_o enemy_n without_o a_o power_n to_o levy_v soldier_n and_o consequent_o that_o he_o may_v lawful_o as_o oft_o as_o he_o shall_v real_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o raise_v a_o army_n which_o in_o some_o occasion_n be_v very_o great_a i_o say_v raise_v it_o and_o money_n to_o maintain_v it_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o you_o will_v allow_v this_o to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n at_o least_o of_o reason_n la._n for_o my_o part_n i_o allow_v it_o but_o you_o have_v hear_v how_o in_o and_o before_o the_o late_a trouble_v the_o people_n be_v of_o another_o mind_n shall_v the_o king_n say_v they_o take_v from_o we_o what_o he_o please_v upon_o pretence_n of_o a_o necessity_n whereof_o he_o make_v himself_o the_o judge_n what_o worse_a condition_n can_v we_o be_v in_o from_o a_o enemy_n what_o can_v they_o take_v from_o we_o more_o than_o what_o they_o list_v ph._n the_o people_n reason_n ill_a they_o do_v not_o know_v in_o what_o condition_n we_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conqueror_n when_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n to_o be_v a_o englishman_n who_o if_o he_o grumble_v at_o the_o base_a office_n he_o be_v put_v to_o by_o his_o norman_a master_n receive_v no_o other_o answer_n but_o this_o thou_o be_v but_o a_o englishman_n nor_o can_v the_o people_n nor_o any_o man_n that_o humour_n they_o in_o their_o disobedience_n produce_v any_o example_n of_o a_o king_n that_o ever_o raise_v any_o excessive_a summ_n either_o by_o himself_o or_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parliament_n but_o when_o they_o have_v great_a need_n thereof_o nor_o can_v show_v any_o reason_n that_o may_v move_v any_o of_o they_o so_o to_o do_v the_o great_a complaint_n by_o they_o make_v against_o the_o unthriftiness_n of_o their_o king_n be_v for_o the_o enrich_n now_o and_o then_o a_o favourite_n which_o to_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v inconsiderable_a and_o the_o complaint_n but_o envy_n but_o in_o this_o point_n of_o raise_v soldier_n what_o be_v i_o pray_v you_o the_o statute_n law_n la._n the_o last_o statute_n concern_v it_o be_v 13_o car._n 2._o c._n 6._o by_o which_o the_o supreme_a government_n command_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o militia_n of_o england_n be_v deliver_v to_o be_v and_o always_o to_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o same_o act_n a_o proviso_n that_o this_o shall_v not_o be_v construe_v for_o a_o declaration_n that_o the_o king_n may_v transport_v his_o subject_n or_o compel_v they_o to_o march_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o be_v it_o on_o the_o contrary_n declare_v to_o be_v unlawful_a ph._n why_o be_v not_o that_o also_o determine_v la._n i_o can_v imagine_v cause_n enough_o for_o it_o though_o i_o may_v be_v deceive_v we_o love_v to_o have_v our_o king_n among_o we_o and_o not_o be_v govern_v by_o deputy_n either_o of_o our_o own_o or_o another_o nation_n but_o this_o i_o very_o believe_v that_o if_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n shall_v either_o invade_v we_o or_o put_v himself_o in_o it_o a_o readiness_n to_o invade_v either_o england_n ireland_n or_o scotland_n no_o parliament_n then_o sit_v and_o the_o king_n send_v english_a soldier_n thither_o the_o parliament_n will_v give_v he_o thanks_o for_o it_o the_o subject_n of_o those_o king_n who_o affect_v the_o glory_n and_o imitate_v the_o action_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a have_v not_o always_o the_o most_o comfortable_a life_n nor_o do_v such_o king_n usual_o very_o long_o enjoy_v their_o conquest_n they_o march_z to_z and_o fro_o perpetual_o as_o upon_o a_o plank_n sustain_v only_o in_o the_o midst_n and_o when_o one_o end_n rise_v down_o go_v the_o other_o ph._n it_o be_v well_o but_o where_o soldier_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n conscience_n be_v indeed_o necessary_a as_o in_o a_o insurrection_n or_o rebellion_n at_o home_n how_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n be_v preserve_v without_o a_o considerable_a army_n ready_a and_o in_o pay_v how_o shall_v money_n be_v raise_v for_o this_o army_n especial_o when_o the_o want_n of_o public_a treasure_n invit_v neighbour_n king_n to_o encroach_v and_o unruly_a subject_n to_o rebel_n la_fw-fr i_o can_v tell_v it_o be_v matter_n of_o polity_n not_o of_o law_n but_o i_o know_v that_o there_o be_v statute_n express_v whereby_o the_o king_n have_v oblige_v himself_o never_o to_o levy_v money_n upon_o his_o subject_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parliament_n one_o of_o which_o statute_n be_v 25_o ed._n 1._o c._n 6._o in_o these_o word_n we_o have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n as_o well_o to_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o folk_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n as_o also_o earl_n baron_n and_o to_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o land_n that_o for_o no_o business_n from_o henceforth_o we_o shall_v take_v such_o aid_n tax_n or_o prize_n but_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v also_o another_o statute_n of_o ed._n 1._o in_o these_o word_n no_o tax_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o levey_v by_o we_o or_o our_o heir_n in_o our_o realm_n without_o the_o good_a will_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n knight_n burgess_n and_o other_o freeman_n of_o the_o land_n which_o statute_n have_v be_v since_o that_o time_n confirm_v by_o divers_a other_o king_n and_o last_o by_o the_o king_n that_o now_o reign_v ph._n all_o this_o i_o know_v and_o be_o not_o satisfy_v i_o be_o one_o of_o the_o common_a people_n and_o one_o of_o that_o almost_o infinite_a number_n of_o man_n for_o who_o welfare_n king_n and_o other_o sovereign_n be_v by_o god_n ordain_v for_o
court_n of_o equity_n in_o that_o to_o which_o belong_v such_o cause_n as_o be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o equity_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n ph._n you_o see_v then_o that_o the_o difference_n between_o injustice_n and_o iniquity_n be_v this_o that_o injustice_n be_v the_o transgression_n of_o a_o statute-law_n and_o iniquity_n the_o transgression_n of_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n and_o that_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o law_n be_v court_n of_o justice_n because_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o statute-law_n be_v iniquity_n and_o injustice_n also_o but_o perhaps_o you_o mean_v by_o common-law_n not_o the_o law_n itself_o but_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v in_o the_o law_n as_o to_o matter_n of_o fact_n by_o 12_o man_n freeholder_n though_o those_o 12_o man_n be_v no_o court_n of_o equity_n nor_o of_o justice_n because_o they_o determine_v not_o what_o be_v just_a or_o unjust_a but_o only_o whether_o it_o be_v do_v or_o not_o do_v and_o their_o judgement_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o confirmation_n of_o that_o which_o be_v proper_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o witness_n for_o to_o speak_v exact_o there_o can_v possible_o be_v any_o judge_n of_o fact_n beside_o the_o witness_n la._n how_o will_v you_o have_v a_o law_n define_v ph._n thus_o a_o law_n be_v the_o command_n of_o he_o or_o they_o that_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n give_v to_o those_o that_o be_v he_o or_o their_o subject_n declare_v public_o and_o plain_o what_o every_o of_o they_o may_v do_v and_o what_o they_o must_v forbear_v to_o do_v la._n see_v all_o judge_n in_o all_o court_v aught_o to_o judge_n according_a to_o equity_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n a_o distinct_a court_n of_o equity_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v unnecessary_a and_o but_o a_o burden_n to_o the_o people_n since_o common-law_n and_o equity_n be_v the_o same_o law_n ph._n it_o be_v so_o indeed_o if_o judge_n can_v not_o err_v but_o since_o they_o may_v err_v and_o that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o any_o other_o law_n but_o that_o of_o equity_n it_o belong_v to_o he_o alone_o to_o give_v remedy_n to_o they_o that_o by_o the_o ignorance_n or_o corruption_n of_o a_o judge_n shall_v suffer_v damage_n la._n by_o your_o definition_n of_o a_o law_n the_o king_n proclamation_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n be_v a_o law_n for_o it_o be_v a_o command_n and_o public_a and_o of_o the_o sovereign_n to_o his_o subject_n ph._n why_o not_o if_o he_o think_v it_o necessary_a for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o subject_n for_o this_o be_v a_o maxim_n at_o the_o common-law_n allege_v by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n himself_o 1_o inst._n sect._n 306._o quando_fw-la lex_fw-la aliquid_fw-la concedit_fw-la concedere_fw-la videtur_fw-la &_o id_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la devenitur_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la and_o you_o know_v out_o of_o the_o same_o author_n that_o divers_a king_n of_o â—ngland_n have_v often_o to_o the_o petition_n in_o parliament_n which_o they_o grant_v annex_v such_o exception_n as_o these_o unless_o there_o be_v necessity_n save_v our_o regality_n which_o i_o think_v shall_v be_v always_o understand_v though_o they_o be_v not_o express_v and_o be_v understand_v so_o by_o common_a lawyer_n who_o agree_v that_o the_o king_n may_v recall_v any_o grant_n wherein_o he_o be_v deceive_v la._n again_o whereas_o you_o make_v it_o of_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o law_n to_o be_v public_o and_o plain_o declare_v to_o the_o people_n i_o see_v no_o necessity_n for_o that_o be_v not_o all_o subject_n bind_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o all_o act_n of_o parliament_n when_o no_o act_n can_v pass_v without_o their_o consent_n ph._n if_o you_o have_v say_v that_o no_o act_n can_v pass_v without_o their_o knowledge_n than_o indeed_o they_o have_v be_v bind_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o but_o none_o can_v have_v knowledge_n of_o they_o but_o the_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n therefore_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n be_v excuse_v or_o else_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o furnish_v people_n with_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o copy_n at_o the_o people_n charge_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n at_o their_o return_n into_o the_o country_n that_o every_o man_n may_v resort_v to_o they_o and_o by_o themselves_o or_o friend_n take_v notice_n of_o what_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o for_o otherwise_o it_o be_v impossible_a they_o shall_v be_v obey_v and_o that_o no_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o do_v a_o thing_n impossible_a be_v one_o of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n maxim_n at_o the_o common-law_n i_o know_v that_o most_o of_o the_o statute_n be_v print_v but_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o every_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o buy_v the_o book_n of_o statute_n nor_o to_o search_v for_o they_o at_o westminster_n or_o at_o the_o tower_n nor_o to_o understand_v the_o language_n wherein_o they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n write_v la._n i_o grant_v it_o proceed_v from_o their_o own_o fault_n but_o no_o man_n can_v be_v excuse_v by_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o ignorance_n of_o the_o common-law_n except_o child_n madman_n and_o idiot_n but_o you_o exact_v such_o a_o notice_n of_o the_o statute-law_n as_o be_v almost_o impossible_a be_v it_o not_o enough_o that_o they_o in_o all_o place_n have_v a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o the_o penal_a statute_n ph._n yes_o if_o they_o have_v those_o penal_a statute_n near_o they_o but_o what_o reason_n can_v you_o give_v i_o why_o there_o shall_v not_o be_v as_o many_o copy_n abroad_o of_o the_o statute_n as_o there_o be_v of_o the_o bible_n la._n i_o think_v it_o be_v well_o that_o every_o man_n that_o can_v read_v have_v a_o statute-book_n for_o certain_o no_o knowledge_n of_o those_o law_n by_o which_o man_n life_n and_o fortune_n can_v be_v bring_v into_o danger_n can_v be_v too_o much_o i_o find_v a_o great_a fault_n in_o your_o definition_n of_o law_n which_o be_v that_o every_o law_n either_o forbid_v or_o command_v something_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o moral-law_n be_v always_o a_o command_n or_o a_o prohibition_n or_o at_o least_o imply_v it_o but_o in_o the_o levitical-law_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o that_o steal_v a_o sheep_n shall_v restore_v four_o fold_n what_o command_n or_o prohibition_n lie_v in_o these_o word_n ph._n such_o sentence_n as_o that_o be_v not_o in_o themselves_o general_n but_o judgement_n nevertheless_o there_o be_v in_o those_o word_n imply_v a_o commandment_n to_o the_o judge_n to_o cause_v to_o be_v make_v a_o fourfold_a restitution_n la._n that_o be_v right_a ph._n now_o define_v what_o justice_n be_v and_o what_o action_n and_o man_n be_v to_o be_v call_v just._n la._n justice_n be_v the_o constant_a will_n of_o give_v to_o every_o man_n his_o own_o that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o give_v to_o every_o man_n that_o which_o be_v his_o right_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o to_o exclude_v the_o right_n of_o all_o man_n else_o to_o the_o same_o thing_n a_o just_a action_n be_v that_o which_o be_v not_o against_o the_o law_n a_o just_a man_n be_v he_o that_o have_v a_o constant_a will_n to_o live_v just_o if_o you_o require_v more_o i_o doubt_v there_o will_v no_o man_n live_v be_v comprehend_v within_o the_o definition_n ph._n see_v then_o that_o a_o just_a action_n according_a to_o your_o definition_n be_v that_o which_o be_v not_o against_o the_o law_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o before_o there_o be_v a_o law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o injustice_n and_o therefore_o law_n be_v in_o their_o nature_n antecedent_n to_o justice_n and_o injustice_n and_o you_o can_v deny_v but_o there_o must_v be_v lawmaker_n before_o there_o be_v any_o law_n and_o consequent_o before_o there_o be_v any_o justice_n i_o speak_v of_o humane_a justice_n and_o that_o lawmaker_n be_v before_o that_o which_o you_o call_v own_o or_o property_n of_o good_n or_o land_n distinguish_v by_o meum_fw-la tuum_fw-la alienum_fw-la la._n that_o must_v be_v grant_v for_o without_o statute-law_n all_o man_n have_v right_o to_o all_o thing_n and_o we_o have_v have_v experience_n when_o our_o law_n be_v silence_v by_o civil_a war_n there_o be_v not_o a_o man_n that_o of_o any_o good_n can_v say_v assure_o they_o be_v his_o own_o ph._n you_o see_v then_o that_o no_o private_a man_n can_v claim_v a_o propriety_n in_o any_o land_n or_o other_o good_n from_o any_o title_n from_o any_o man_n but_o the_o king_n or_o they_o that_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n because_o it_o be_v in_o virtue_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n that_o every_o man_n may_v not_o enter_v into_o and_o possess_v what_o he_o please_v and_o consequent_o to_o deny_v the_o sovereign_a any_o thing_n necessary_a to_o
the_o sustain_n of_o his_o sovereign_a power_n be_v to_o destroy_v the_o propriety_n he_o pretend_v to_o the_o next_o thing_n i_o will_v ask_v you_o be_v how_o you_o distinguish_v between_o law_n and_o right_n or_o lex_fw-la and_o jus._n la._n sir_n ed._n coke_n in_o divers_a place_n make_v lex_n and_o jus_n to_o be_v the_o same_o and_o so_o lex_fw-la communis_fw-la and_o jus_fw-la communis_fw-la to_o be_v all_o one_o nor_o do_v i_o find_v that_o he_o do_v in_o any_o place_n distinguish_v they_o ph._n then_o will_v i_o distinguish_v they_o and_o make_v you_o judge_v whether_o my_o distinction_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o be_v know_v by_o every_o author_n of_o the_o common_a law_n for_o law_n oblige_v i_o to_o do_v or_o forbear_v the_o do_v of_o something_o and_o therefore_o it_o lie_v upon_o i_o a_o obligation_n but_o my_o right_n be_v a_o liberty_n leave_v i_o by_o the_o law_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n which_o the_o law_n forbid_v i_o not_o and_o to_o leave_v undo_v any_o thing_n which_o the_o law_n command_v i_o not_o do_v sir_n ed._n coke_n see_v no_o difference_n between_o be_v bind_v and_o be_v free_a la._n i_o know_v not_o what_o he_o be_v but_o he_o have_v not_o mention_v it_o though_o a_o man_n may_v dispense_v with_o his_o own_o liberty_n that_o can_v do_v so_o with_o the_o law_n ph._n but_o what_o be_v you_o better_o for_o your_o right_n if_o a_o rebellious_a company_n at_o home_n or_o a_o enemy_n from_o abroad_o take_v away_o the_o good_n or_o dispossess_v you_o of_o the_o land_n you_o have_v a_o right_n to_o can_v you_o be_v defend_v or_o repair_v but_o by_o the_o strength_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n what_o reason_n therefore_o can_v be_v give_v by_o a_o man_n that_o endeavour_n to_o preserve_v his_o propriety_n why_o he_o shall_v deny_v or_o malign_o contribute_v to_o the_o strength_n that_o shall_v defend_v he_o or_o repair_v he_o let_v we_o see_v now_o what_o your_o book_n say_v to_o this_o point_n and_o other_o point_n of_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n bracton_n the_o most_o authentic_a author_n of_o the_o common_a law_n fol._n 55._o say_v thus_o ipse_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la habet_fw-la omne_fw-la jura_n in_fw-la manu_fw-la suâ_fw-la est_fw-la dei_fw-la vicarius_fw-la habet_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la pacis_fw-la habet_fw-la etiam_fw-la coercionem_fw-la ut_fw-la delinquentes_fw-la puniat_fw-la habet_fw-la in_o potestate_fw-la suâ_fw-la leges_fw-la nihil_fw-la enim_fw-la prodest_fw-la jura_n condere_fw-la nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la qui_fw-la jura_n tueatur_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v our_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v all_o right_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n be_v god_n vicar_n he_o have_v all_o that_o concern_v the_o peace_n he_o have_v the_o power_n to_o punish_v delinquent_n all_o the_o law_n be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o make_v law_n be_v to_o no_o purpose_n unless_o there_o be_v somebody_o to_o make_v they_o obey_v if_o bracton_n law_n be_v reason_n as_o i_o and_o you_o think_v it_o be_v what_o temporal_a power_n be_v there_o which_o the_o king_n have_v not_o see_v that_o at_o this_o day_n all_o the_o power_n spiritual_n which_o bracton_n allow_v the_o pope_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o crown_n what_o be_v there_o that_o the_o king_n can_v do_v except_v sin_n against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o same_o bracton_n lib._n 21._o c._n 8._o say_v thus_o si_fw-la autem_fw-la a_o rege_fw-la petitur_fw-la cum_fw-la breve_fw-la non_fw-la curret_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la locus_fw-la erit_fw-la supplicationi_fw-la quod_fw-la factum_fw-la suum_fw-la corrigat_fw-la &_o emendet_fw-la quod_fw-la quidem_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la fecerit_fw-la satis_fw-la sufficit_fw-la ad_fw-la poenam_fw-la quod_fw-la dominum_fw-la expectet_fw-la vltorem_fw-la nemo_fw-la quidem_fw-la de_fw-la factis_fw-la ejus_fw-la praesumat_fw-la disputare_fw-la multo_fw-la fortius_fw-la contra_fw-la factum_fw-la ejus_fw-la venire_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o any_o thing_n be_v demand_v of_o the_o king_n see_v a_o writ_n lie_v not_o against_o he_o he_o be_v put_v to_o his_o petition_n pray_v he_o to_o correct_v and_o amend_v his_o own_o fact_n which_o if_o he_o will_v not_o do_v it_o be_v a_o sufficient_a penalty_n for_o he_o that_o he_o be_v to_o expect_v a_o punishment_n from_o the_o lord_n no_o man_n may_v presume_v to_o dispute_v of_o what_o he_o do_v much_o less_o to_o resist_v he_o you_o see_v by_o this_o that_o this_o doctrine_n concern_v the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n so_o much_o cry_v down_o by_o the_o long_a parliament_n be_v the_o ancient_a common-law_n and_o that_o the_o only_a bridle_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n aught_o to_o be_v the_o fear_n of_o god_n and_o again_o bracton_n c._n 24._o of_o the_o second_o book_n say_v that_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n can_v be_v grant_v away_o ea_fw-la vero_fw-la quae_fw-la jurisdictionis_fw-la &_o pacis_fw-la &_o ea_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la justitiae_fw-la &_o paci_n annexa_fw-la ad_fw-la nullum_fw-la pertinent_a nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la regiam_fw-la nec_fw-la a_o corona_n separari_fw-la possunt_fw-la nec_fw-la a_o privata_fw-la persona_fw-la possideri_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v those_o thing_n which_o belong_v to_o jurisdiction_n and_o peace_n and_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v annex_v to_o justice_n and_o peace_n appertain_v to_o none_o but_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o king_n nor_o can_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o crown_n nor_o be_v possess_v by_o a_o private_a person_n again_o you_o will_v find_v in_o fleta_n a_o law-book_n write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 2._o that_o liberty_n though_o grant_v by_o the_o king_n if_o they_o tend_v to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o justice_n or_o subversion_n of_o the_o regal_a power_n be_v not_o to_o be_v use_v nor_o allow_v for_o in_o that_o book_n c._n 20._o concern_v article_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a be_v to_o inquire_v of_o the_o 54th_o article_n be_v this_o you_o shall_v inquire_v de_fw-fr libertatibus_fw-la concessis_fw-la quae_fw-la impediunt_fw-la communem_fw-la jâ—stitiam_fw-la &_o regiam_fw-la potestatem_fw-la subvertunt_fw-la now_o what_o be_v a_o great_a hindrance_n to_o common_a justice_n or_o a_o great_a subversion_n of_o the_o regal_a power_n than_o a_o liberty_n in_o subject_n to_o hinder_v the_o king_n from_o raise_v money_n necessary_a to_o suppress_v or_o prevent_v rebellion_n which_o do_v destroy_v justice_n and_o subvert_v the_o power_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n moreover_o when_o a_o charter_n be_v grant_v by_o a_o king_n in_o these_o word_n dedita_fw-la &_o coram_fw-la pro_fw-la i_n &_o haeredibus_fw-la meis_fw-la the_o grantor_n by_o the_o common-law_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v in_o his_o commentary_n on_o littleton_n be_v to_o warrant_v his_o gift_n and_o i_o think_v it_o reason_n especial_o if_o the_o gift_n be_v upon_o consideration_n of_o a_o price_n paid_n suppose_v a_o foreign_a state_n shall_v say_v claim_n to_o this_o kingdom_n it_o 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against_o his_o person_n as_o the_o crime_n of_o treason_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v determine_v before_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o if_o it_o be_v against_o a_o private_a person_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o justice_n assign_v that_o be_v to_o say_v before_o commissioner_n it_o seem_v by_o this_o that_o heretofore_o king_n do_v hear_v and_o determine_v plea_n of_o treason_n against_o themselves_o by_o their_o own_o person_n but_o it_o have_v be_v otherwise_o a_o long_a time_n and_o be_v now_o for_o it_o be_v now_o the_o office_n of_o the_o lord_n steward_n of_o england_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o peer_n to_o hold_v that_o plea_n by_o a_o commission_n especial_o for_o the_o same_o in_o cause_n concern_v meum_fw-la and_o tuum_fw-la the_o king_n may_v sue_v either_o in_o the_o kings-bench_n or_o in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o fitzherbert_n in_o his_o natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la at_o the_o writ_n of_o escheat_n ph._n a_o king_n perhaps_o will_v not_o sit_v to_o determine_v of_o cause_n of_o treason_n against_o his_o person_n lest_o he_o shall_v seem_v to_o make_v himself_o judge_n in_o his_o own_o cause_n but_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v judge_v by_o judge_n of_o his_o own_o make_n can_v never_o be_v avoid_v which_o be_v also_o one_o as_o if_o he_o be_v judge_n himself_o la._n to_o the_o kings-bench_n also_o i_o think_v belong_v the_o hear_v and_o determine_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n whatsoever_o save_v always_o to_o the_o king_n that_o he_o may_v do_v the_o same_o when_o he_o please_v by_o commissioner_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o 3d_o and_o edward_n the_o one_a when_o bracton_n write_v the_o king_n do_v usual_o send_v down_o every_o seven_o year_n into_o the_o country_n commissioner_n call_v justice_n itinerant_a to_o hear_v and_o determine_v general_o all_o cause_n temporal_a both_o criminal_a and_o civil_a who_o place_n have_v be_v now_o a_o long_a time_n supply_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n with_o commission_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n and_o of_o goal-delivery_n ph._n but_o why_o may_v the_o king_n only_o sue_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n or_o court_n of_o common-plea_n which_o he_o will_v and_o no_o other_o person_n may_v do_v the_o same_o la._n there_o be_v no_o statute_n to_o the_o contrary_a but_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o common-law_n for_o sir_n edw._n coke_n 4_o inst._n set_v down_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n which_o he_o say_v have_v first_o jurisdiction_n in_o all_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n second_o the_o correct_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o error_n of_o other_o justice_n and_o judge_n both_o of_o judgement_n and_o process_n except_o of_o the_o court_n of_o exchequer_n which_o he_o say_v be_v to_o this_o court_n proprium_fw-la quarto_fw-la modo_fw-la three_o that_o it_o have_v power_n to_o correct_v all_o misdemeanour_n extrajudicial_a tend_v to_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n or_o oppression_n of_o the_o subject_n or_o raise_v of_o faction_n controversy_n debate_n or_o any_o other_o manner_n of_o misgovernment_n four_o it_o may_v hold_v plea_n by_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n of_o all_o trespass_n do_v vi_o &_o armis_fw-la five_o it_o have_v power_n to_o hold_v plea_n by_o bill_n for_o debt_n detinu_n covenant_n promise_v and_o all_o other_o personal_a action_n but_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o action_n real_a he_o say_v nothing_o save_v that_o if_o a_o writ_n in_o a_o real_a action_n be_v abate_v by_o judgement_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n and_o that_o the_o judgement_n be_v by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n reverse_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n than_o the_o kings-bench_n may_v proceed_v upon_o the_o writ_n ph._n but_o how_o be_v the_o practice_n la._n real_a action_n be_v common_o decide_v as_o well_o in_o the_o kings-bench_n as_o in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n ph._n when_o the_o kng_v by_o authority_n in_o write_v make_v a_o lord-chief-justice_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n do_v he_o not_o set_v down_o what_o he_o make_v he_o for_o la._n sir_n edw_n coke_n set_v down_o the_o letter_n patent_n whereby_o of_o ancient_a time_n the_o lord_n chief-justice_n be_v constitute_v wherein_o be_v express_v to_o what_o end_n he_o have_v his_o office_n viz._n pro_n conservatione_fw-la nostra_fw-la &_o tranquilitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la justitiam_fw-la universis_fw-la &_o singulis_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la exhibendam_fw-la constituimus_fw-la dilectum_fw-la &_o fidelem_fw-la nostrum_fw-la p._n b._n justitiarium_fw-la angliae_fw-la quamdiu_fw-la nobis_fw-la placuerit_fw-la capitalem_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v to_o say_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o of_o the_o peace_n of_o our_o realm_n and_o for_o the_o do_v of_o justice_n to_o all_o and_o singular_a our_o subject_n we_o have_v constitute_v our_o belove_a and_o faithful_a p._n b._n during_o our_o pleasure_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n ph._n methinks_v it_o be_v very_o plain_a by_o these_o letter_n patent_n that_o all_o cause_n temporal_a within_o the_o kingdom_n except_o the_o plea_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o exchequer_n shall_v be_v decidable_a by_o this_o lord-chief-justice_n for_o as_o for_o cause_n criminal_a and_o that_o concern_v the_o peace_n it_o be_v grant_v he_o in_o these_o word_n for_o the_o conservation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n wherein_o be_v contain_v all_o plea_n criminal_a and_o in_o the_o do_n of_o justice_n to_o all_o and_o singular_a the_o king_n subject_n be_v comprehend_v all_o plea_n civil_a and_o as_o to_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n it_o be_v manifest_v it_o may_v hold_v all_o manner_n of_o civil-plea_n except_o those_o of_o the_o exchequer_n by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 11._o so_o that_o all_o original_a writ_n concern_v civil-plea_n be_v returnable_a into_o either_o of_o the_o say_a court_n but_o how_o be_v the_o lord-chief-justice_n make_v now_o la._n by_o these_o
word_n in_o their_o letter_n patent_n constituimus_fw-la vos_fw-la justitiarium_fw-la nostrum_fw-la capitalem_fw-la ad_fw-la placita_fw-la coram_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenenda_fw-la durante_fw-la beneplacito_fw-la nostro_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v we_o have_v make_v you_o our_o chief-justice_n to_o hold_v plea_n before_o ourselves_o during_o our_o pleasure_n but_o this_o writ_n though_o it_o be_v short_a do_v not_o at_o all_o abridge_v the_o power_n they_o have_v by_o the_o former_a and_o for_o the_o letter_n patent_n for_o the_o chief-justice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n they_o go_v thus_o constituimus_fw-la dilectum_fw-la &_o fidelem_fw-la etc._n etc._n capitalem_fw-la justitiarium_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la banco_n habendum_fw-la etc._n etc._n quamdiu_fw-la nobis_fw-la placuerit_fw-la cum_fw-la vadiis_fw-la &_o foedis_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la debitis_fw-la &_o consuetis_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la we_o have_v constitute_v our_o belove_a and_o faithful_a etc._n etc._n chief-justice_n of_o the_o common-bench_n to_o have_v etc._n etc._n during_o our_o pleasure_n with_o the_o way_n and_o fee_n thereunto_o heretofore_o due_a and_o usual_a ph._n i_o find_v in_o history_n that_o there_o have_v be_v in_o england_n always_o a_o chancellor_n and_o a_o chief-justice_n of_o england_n but_o of_o a_o court_n of_o common-plea_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n before_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la common-plea_n there_o be_v ever_o both_o here_o and_o i_o think_v in_o all_o nation_n for_o common-plea_n and_o civil-plea_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o same_o la._n before_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la common-plea_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n grant_v 2_o inst._n p._n 21._o may_v have_v be_v hold_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n and_o that_o court_n be_v removable_a at_o the_o king_n will_v the_o return_v of_o writ_n be_v coram_fw-la nobis_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la fuerimus_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it whereby_o great_a trouble_n of_o juror_n ensue_v and_o great_a charge_n of_o the_o party_n and_o delay_n of_o justice_n and_o that_o for_o these_o cause_v it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o common-plea_n shall_v not_o follow_v the_o king_n but_o be_v hold_v in_o a_o place_n certain_a ph._n here_o sir_n edw._n coke_n declare_v his_o opinion_n that_o no_o common-plea_n can_v be_v hold_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o that_o he_o say_v they_o may_v have_v be_v hold_v then_o and_o yet_o this_o do_v not_o amount_v to_o any_o probable_a proof_n that_o there_o be_v any_o court_n of_o common-plea_n in_o england_n before_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la for_o this_o statute_n be_v to_o ease_v the_o juror_n and_o lessen_v the_o charge_n of_o party_n and_o for_o the_o expedition_n of_o justice_n have_v be_v in_o vain_a if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o court_n of_o common-plea_n then_o stand_v for_o such_o a_o court_n be_v not_o necessary_o to_o follow_v the_o king_n as_o be_v the_o chancery_n and_o the_o kings-bench_n beside_o unless_o the_o kings-bench_n wheresoever_o it_o be_v hold_v plea_n of_o civil_a cause_n the_o subject_n have_v not_o at_o all_o be_v ease_v by_o this_o statute_n for_o suppose_v the_o king_n at_o york_n have_v not_o the_o king_n subject_n about_o london_n juror_n and_o party_n as_o much_o trouble_n and_o charge_v to_o go_v to_o york_n as_o the_o people_n about_o york_n have_v before_o to_o go_v to_o london_n therefore_o i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n believe_v otherwise_o then_o that_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o that_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 11._o and_o before_o that_o time_n not_o existent_a though_o i_o think_v that_o for_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o suit_n in_o a_o great_a kingdom_n there_o be_v need_n of_o it_o la._n perhaps_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o need_v of_o it_o as_o you_o think_v for_o in_o those_o time_n the_o law_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v in_o settle_v rather_o than_o settle_v and_o the_o old_a saxon_a law_n concern_v inheritance_n be_v then_o practise_v by_o which_o law_n speedy_a justice_n be_v execute_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n in_o the_o court_n of_o baron_n which_o be_v landlord_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o freeholder_n and_o suit_n of_o baron_n in_o county-court_n and_o but_o few_o suit_n in_o the_o king_n court_n but_o when_o justice_n can_v not_o be_v have_v in_o those_o inferior_a court_n but_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v more_o suit_n in_o the_o king_n court_n than_o any_o one_o court_n can_v dispatch_v ph._n why_o shall_v there_o be_v more_o suit_n now_o than_o former_o for_o i_o believe_v this_o kingdom_n be_v as_o well_o people_v then_o as_o now_o la._n sir_n edw._n coke_n 4_o inst._n p._n 76._o assign_v for_o it_o six_o cause_n 1._o peace_n 2._o plenty_n 3._o the_o dissolution_n of_o religious_a house_n and_o disperse_v of_o their_o land_n among_o so_o many_o several_a person_n 4._o the_o multitude_n of_o informer_n 5._o the_o number_n of_o concealer_n 6._o the_o multitude_n of_o attorney_n ph._n i_o see_v sir_n edw._n 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examinâ—â—_n judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n la._n you_o deny_v not_o but_o by_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n the_o kings-bench_n may_v examine_v the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n ph._n it_o be_v true_a but_o why_o may_v not_o also_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n do_v the_o same_o especial_o if_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o judgement_n be_v against_o equity_n and_o not_o against_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o law_n la._n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o that_o for_o the_o same_o court_n may_v examine_v both_o the_o letter_n and_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o statute_n ph._n you_o see_v by_o this_o that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n can_v easy_o be_v distinguish_v but_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o his_o parliament_n the_o lawyer_n themselves_o can_v do_v it_o for_o you_o see_v what_o contention_n there_o be_v between_o court_n as_o well_o as_o between_o particular_a men._n and_o whereas_o you_o say_v that_o law_n of_o 4_o 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bishop_n and_o right_o of_o advowsan_n and_o presentation_n belong_v to_o himself_o and_o to_o the_o nobility_n that_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o such_o bishopric_n abbey_n and_o other_o benefice_n and_o he_o enact_v far_o that_o if_o any_o clerk_n which_o he_o or_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n shall_v present_v shall_v be_v disturb_v by_o any_o such_o provisor_n that_o such_o provisor_n or_o disturber_n shall_v be_v attach_v by_o his_o body_n and_o if_o convict_a lie_v in_o prison_n till_o he_o be_v ransom_v at_o the_o king_n will_v and_o have_v satisfy_v the_o party_n grieve_v renouced_a his_o title_n and_o sound_a surety_n not_o to_o sue_v for_o it_o any_o far_o and_o that_o if_o they_o can_v not_o be_v find_v than_o exigent_n shall_v go_v forth_o to_o outlawrie_n and_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o benefice_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v take_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o the_o same_o statute_n be_v confirm_v in_o the_o 27_o year_n of_o king_n ed._n the_o 3d_o which_o statute_n 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out_o of_o the_o realm_n in_o plea_n whereof_o the_o cognizance_n pertain_v to_o the_o king_n court_n or_o of_o thing_n whereof_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o king_n court_n be_v within_o the_o case_n of_o praemunire_n but_o what_o if_o one_o man_n draw_v another_o to_o lambeth_n in_o plea_n whereof_o judgement_n be_v already_o give_v at_o westminster_n be_v he_o by_o this_o clause_n involve_v in_o a_o praemunire_n la._n yes_o for_o though_o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n yet_o it_o be_v within_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n because_o the_o pope_n court_n not_o the_o king_n court_n be_v then_o perhaps_o at_o lambeth_n ph._n but_o in_o sir_n edw._n coke_n time_n the_o king_n court_n be_v at_o lambeth_n and_o not_o the_o pope_n la._n you_o know_v well_o enough_o that_o the_o spiritual-court_n have_v no_o power_n to_o hold_v plea_n of_o common-law_n ph._n i_o do_v so_o but_o i_o know_v not_o for_o what_o cause_n any_o simple_a man_n that_o mistake_v his_o right_a court_n shall_v be_v out_o of_o the_o king_n protection_n lose_v his_o inheritance_n and_o all_o his_o good_n personal_a and_o real_a and_o if_o take_v be_v keep_v in_o prison_n all_o his_o life_n this_o statute_n can_v be_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n torture_v make_v to_o say_v it_o beside_o such_o man_n be_v ignorant_a in_o what_o court_v they_o be_v to_o seek_v their_o remedy_n and_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n confirm_v by_o perpetual_a usage_n that_o such_o ignorant_a man_n shall_v be_v guide_v by_o their_o council_n at_o law_n it_o be_v manifest_a therefore_o that_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o statute_n intend_v not_o to_o prohibit_v man_n from_o their_o sue_n for_o their_o right_n neither_o in_o the_o chancery_n nor_o in_o the_o admiralty_n nor_o in_o any_o other_o court_n except_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n which_o have_v their_o jurisdiction_n from_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n again_o where_o the_o statute_n say_v which_o do_v sue_v in_o any_o other_o court_n or_o defeat_v a_o judgement_n in_o the_o king_n court_n what_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o another_o court_n another_o court_n than_o what_o be_v it_o here_o mean_v the_o kings-bench_n or_o court_n of_o common-plea_n do_v a_o praemunire_n lie_v for_o every_o man_n that_o sue_v in_o chancery_n for_o that_o which_o may_v be_v remedy_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n or_o can_v a_o praemunire_n lie_v by_o this_o statute_n against_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n the_o statute_n lay_v it_o only_o on_o the_o party_n that_o sue_v not_o upon_o the_o judge_n which_o hold_v the_o plea_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v lay_v neither_o by_o this_o statute_n nor_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 16_o rich._n 2._o upon_o the_o judge_n which_o be_v then_o punishable_a only_o by_o the_o pope_n authority_n see_v then_o the_o party_n sue_v have_v a_o just_a excuse_n upon_o the_o council_n of_o his_o lawyer_n and_o the_o temporal_a judge_n and_o the_o lawyer_n both_o be_v out_o of_o the_o statute_n the_o punishment_n of_o the_o praemunire_n can_v light_v upon_o no_o body_n la._n but_o sir_n edw._n coke_n in_o this_o same_o chapter_n bring_v two_o precedent_n to_o prove_v that_o though_o the_o spiritual-court_n in_o england_n be_v now_o the_o king_n court_n yet_o whosoever_o sue_v in_o they_o for_o any_o thing_n tryable_a by_o the_o common-law_n shall_v fall_v into_o a_o praemunire_n one_o be_v that_o whereas_o in_o the_o 22d_o of_o hen._n 8._o all_o the_o clergy_n of_o england_n in_o a_o convocation_n by_o public_a instrument_n acknowledge_v the_o king_n to_o be_v supreme_a head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n yet_o after_o this_o viz._n 24_o of_o h._n 8._o this_o statute_n be_v in_o force_n ph._n why_o not_o a_o convocation_n of_o the_o clergy_n can_v not_o alter_v the_o right_n of_o supremacy_n their_o court_n be_v still_o the_o pope_n court_n the_o other_o precedent_n in_o the_o 25_o of_o hen._n 8._o of_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n may_v have_v the_o same_o answer_n for_o the_o king_n be_v not_o declare_v head_n of_o the_o church_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n till_o the_o 26_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n if_o he_o have_v not_o mistrust_v his_o own_o law_n he_o will_v not_o have_v lay_v hold_v on_o so_o weak_a a_o proof_n as_o these_o precedent_n and_o as_o to_o the_o sentence_n of_o praemunire_n upon_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n neither_o do_v this_o statute_n nor_o that_o other_o of_o r._n 2._o warrant_v it_o he_o be_v sentence_v for_o threaten_v to_o excommunicate_v a_o man_n which_o have_v sue_v another_o before_o the_o mayor_n but_o this_o statute_n forbid_v not_o that_o but_o forbid_v the_o bring_n in_o or_o publish_v of_o excommunication_n or_o other_o process_n from_o rome_n or_o any_o other_o place_n before_o the_o 26_o hen._n 8._o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o for_o a_o
and_o that_o no_o depute_a judge_n can_v punish_v a_o offender_n but_o by_o force_n of_o some_o statute_n or_o by_o the_o word_n of_o some_o commission_n and_o not_o ex_fw-la officio_fw-la they_o may_v for_o a_o contempt_n of_o their_o court_n because_o it_o be_v a_o contempt_n of_o the_o king_n imprison_v a_o man_n during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n or_o fine_a he_o to_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o offence_n but_o all_o this_o amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o to_o leave_v he_o to_o the_o king_n judgement_n as_o for_o cut_v off_o of_o ear_n and_o for_o the_o pillory_n and_o the_o like_a corporal_a punishment_n usual_o inflict_v heretofore_o in_o the_o star-chamber_n they_o be_v warrant_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o hen._n 7._o that_o give_v they_o power_n to_o punish_v sometime_o by_o discretion_n and_o general_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o reason_n that_o every_o judge_n of_o crime_n in_o case_n the_o positive_a law_n appoint_v no_o punishment_n and_o he_o have_v no_o other_o command_n from_o the_o king_n then_o to_o consult_v the_o king_n before_o he_o pronounce_v sentence_n of_o any_o irreparable_a damage_n on_o the_o offender_n for_o otherwise_o he_o do_v not_o pronounce_v the_o law_n which_o be_v his_o office_n to_o do_v but_o make_v the_o law_n which_o be_v the_o office_n of_o the_o king_n and_o from_o this_o you_o may_v collect_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o punish_v such_o and_o such_o a_o crime_n in_o such_o and_o such_o a_o manner_n have_v not_o the_o force_n of_o law_n in_o itself_o but_o from_o a_o assure_a presumption_n that_o the_o original_a of_o the_o custom_n be_v the_o judgement_n of_o some_o former_a king_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n the_o judge_n ought_v not_o to_o run_v up_o for_o the_o custom_n by_o which_o they_o be_v warrant_v to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n nor_o to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conquest_n for_o the_o most_o immediate_a antecedent_n precedent_n be_v the_o fair_a warrant_n of_o their_o judgement_n as_o the_o most_o recent_a law_n have_v common_o the_o great_a vigour_n as_o be_v fresh_a in_o the_o memory_n of_o all_o man_n and_o tacit_o confirm_v because_o not_o disapprove_v by_o the_o sovereign_a legislator_n what_o can_v be_v say_v against_o this_o la._n sir_n edw._n coke_n 3_o inst._n p._n 210._o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o judgement_n and_o execution_n say_v that_o of_o judgement_n some_o be_v by_o the_o common-law_n some_o by_o statute-law_n and_o some_o by_o custom_n wherein_o he_o distinguish_v common-law_n both_o from_o statute-law_n and_o from_o custom_n ph._n but_o you_o know_v that_o in_o other_o place_n he_o make_v the_o common-law_n and_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n to_o be_v all_o one_o as_o indeed_o they_o be_v when_o by_o it_o be_v mean_v the_o king_n reason_n and_o then_o his_o meaning_n in_o this_o distinction_n must_v be_v that_o there_o be_v judgement_n by_o reason_n without_o statute-law_n and_o judgement_n neither_o by_o statute-law_n nor_o by_o reason_n but_o by_o custom_n without_o reason_n for_o if_o a_o custom_n be_v reasonable_a then_o both_o he_o and_o other_o learned_a lawyer_n say_v it_o be_v common-law_n and_o if_o unreasonable_a no_o law_n at_o all_o la._n i_o believe_v sir_n edw._n coke_n meaning_n be_v no_o other_o than_o you_o in_o this_o point_n but_o that_o he_o insert_v the_o word_n custom_n because_o there_o be_v not_o many_o that_o can_v distinguish_v between_o custom_n reasonable_a and_o unreasonable_a ph._n but_o custom_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o have_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n have_v more_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o statute_n than_o of_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n especial_o where_o the_o question_n be_v not_o of_o land_n and_o good_n but_o of_o punishment_n which_o be_v to_o be_v define_v only_o by_o authority_n now_o to_o come_v to_o particular_n what_o punishment_n be_v due_a by_o law_n for_o high_a treason_n la._n to_o be_v draw_v upon_o a_o hurdle_n from_o the_o prison_n to_o the_o gallow_n and_o there_o to_o be_v hang_v by_o the_o neck_n and_o lay_v upon_o the_o ground_n alive_a and_o have_v his_o bowel_n take_v out_o and_o burn_v whilst_o he_o be_v yet_o live_v to_o have_v his_o head_n cut_v off_o his_o body_n to_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n and_o his_o head_n and_o quarter_n to_o be_v place_v as_o the_o king_n shall_v assign_v ph._n see_v a_o judge_n ought_v to_o give_v judgement_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o that_o this_o judgement_n be_v not_o appoint_v by_o any_o statute_n how_o do_v sir_n edw._n coke_n warrant_v it_o by_o reason_n or_o how_o by_o custom_n la._n only_o thus_o reason_v it_o be_v that_o his_o body_n land_n good_n posterity_n etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v tear_v pull_v asunder_o and_o destroy_v that_o intend_v to_o destroy_v the_o majesty_n of_o government_n ph._n see_v how_o he_o avoid_v the_o say_n the_o majesty_n of_o the_o king_n but_o do_v not_o this_o reason_n make_v as_o much_o for_o punish_v a_o traitor_n as_o metius_n suffetius_n in_o old_a time_n be_v execute_v by_o tullus_n hostilius_n king_n of_o rome_n or_o as_o ravillac_n not_o many_o year_n ago_o in_o france_n who_o be_v tear_v in_o piece_n by_o four_o horse_n as_o it_o do_v for_o draw_v hang_v and_o quarter_a la._n i_o think_v it_o do_v but_o he_o confirm_v it_o also_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n by_o holy_a scripture_n thus_o joab_n for_o treason_n 1_o king_n 2._o 28._o be_v draw_v from_o the_o horn_n of_o the_o altar_n that_o be_v proof_n for_o draw_v upon_o a_o hurdle_n esth._n 2._o 22._o bithan_n for_o treason_n be_v hang_v there_o be_v for_o hang_v acts._n 1._o 18._o judas_n hang_v himself_o and_o his_o bowel_n be_v pour_v out_o there_o be_v for_o hanging_n and_o embowel_v alive_a 2_o sam._n 18._o 14._o joab_n pierce_v absalom_n heart_n that_o be_v proof_n for_o pull_v out_o a_o traitor_n heart_n 2_o sam._n 20._o 22._o sheba_n the_o son_n of_o bichri_fw-la have_v his_o head_n cut_v off_o which_o be_v proof_n that_o a_o traitor_n head_n ought_v to_o be_v cut_v off_o 2_o sam._n 4._o 12._o they_o slay_v baanah_n and_o rechab_n and_o hang_v up_o their_o head_n over_o the_o pool_n of_o hebron_n this_o be_v for_o set_v up_o of_o quarter_n and_o last_o for_o forfeiture_n of_o land_n and_o good_n psal._n 109._o v_o 9_o 10._o etc._n etc._n let_v their_o child_n be_v drive_v out_o and_o beg_v and_o other_o man_n make_v spoil_v of_o their_o labour_n and_o let_v their_o memory_n be_v blot_v out_o of_o the_o land_n ph._n learned_o say_v and_o no_o record_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v of_o the_o judgement_n also_o the_o punishment_n divide_v between_o those_o traitor_n must_v be_v join_v in_o one_o judgement_n for_o a_o traitor_n here_o la._n he_o mean_v none_o of_o this_o but_o intend_v his_o hand_n be_v in_o to_o show_v his_o read_n or_o his_o chaplain_n in_o the_o bible_n ph._n see_v then_o for_o the_o specify_v of_o the_o punishment_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n he_o bring_v no_o argument_n from_o natural_a reason_n that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o general_a custom_n of_o the_o land_n the_o same_o be_v rare_o or_o never_o execute_v upon_o any_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o that_o the_o king_n may_v remit_v the_o whole_a penalty_n if_o he_o will_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o specify_v of_o the_o punishment_n depend_v mere_o upon_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n but_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o no_o judge_n ought_v to_o give_v other_o judgement_n than_o have_v be_v usual_o give_v and_o approve_v either_o by_o a_o statute_n or_o by_o consent_n express_v or_o employ_v of_o the_o sovereign_a power_n for_o otherwise_o it_o be_v not_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n but_o of_o a_o man_n subject_n to_o the_o law_n la._n in_o petit_fw-fr treason_n the_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v to_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n and_o hang_v by_o the_o neck_n or_o if_o it_o be_v a_o woman_n to_o be_v draw_v and_o burn_v ph._n can_v you_o imagine_v that_o this_o so_o nice_a a_o distinction_n can_v have_v any_o other_o foundation_n than_o the_o wit_n of_o a_o private_a man_n la._n sir_n edw._n coke_n upon_o this_o place_n say_v that_o she_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v behead_v or_o hang_v ph._n no_o not_o by_o the_o judge_n who_o ought_v to_o give_v no_o other_o judgement_n than_o the_o statute_n or_o the_o king_n appoint_v nor_o the_o sheriff_n to_o make_v other_o execution_n than_o the_o judge_n pronounce_v unless_o he_o have_v a_o special_a warrant_n from_o the_o king_n and_o this_o i_o shall_v have_v think_v he_o have_v mean_v have_v he_o not_o say_v before_o that_o the_o king_n have_v give_v away_o all_o his_o right_n of_o judicature_n to_o his_o court_n of_o
king_n after_o the_o report_n of_o the_o judge_n hear_v give_v the_o sheriff_n command_v to_o do_v it_o four_o that_o the_o general_a verdict_n of_o the_o king_n hinder_v not_o the_o king_n but_o that_o he_o may_v judge_v of_o it_o upon_o the_o special_a matter_n for_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o a_o ill-disposed_a person_n provoke_v a_o man_n with_o word_n or_o otherwise_o on_o purpose_n to_o make_v he_o draw_v his_o sword_n that_o he_o may_v kill_v he_o and_o pretend_v it_o do_v in_o his_o own_o defence_n which_o appear_v the_o king_n may_v without_o any_o offence_n to_o god_n punish_v he_o as_o the_o cause_n shall_v require_v last_o contrary_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n he_o may_v in_o his_o own_o person_n be_v judge_n in_o the_o case_n and_o annul_v the_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n which_o a_o depute_a judge_n can_v do_v la._n there_o be_v some_o case_n wherein_o a_o man_n though_o by_o the_o jury_n he_o be_v find_v not_o guilty_a shall_v nevertheless_o forfeit_v his_o good_n and_o chattel_n to_o the_o king_n for_o example_n a_o man_n be_v slay_v and_o one_o a._n hate_v b._n give_v out_o that_o it_o be_v b._n that_o slay_v he_o b._n hear_v thereof_o fear_v if_o he_o be_v try_v for_o it_o that_o through_o the_o great_a power_n of_o a._n and_o other_o that_o seek_v his_o hurt_n he_o shall_v be_v condemn_v fly_v and_o afterward_o be_v take_v and_o try_v and_o upon_o sufficient_a evidence_n be_v by_o the_o jury_n find_v not_o guilty_a yet_o because_o he_o flee_v he_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o good_n and_o chattel_n notwithstanding_o there_o be_v no_o such_o judgement_n give_v by_o the_o judge_n nor_o appoint_v by_o any_o statute_n but_o the_o law_n itself_o authorise_v the_o sheriff_n to_o seize_v they_o to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o king_n ph._n i_o see_v no_o reason_n which_o be_v common-law_n for_o it_o and_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v ground_v upon_o no_o statute_n la._n see_v sir_n edw._n coke_n inst._n 1._o sect._n 709._o and_o read_v ph._n if_o a_o man_n that_o be_v innocent_a be_v accuse_v of_o felony_n and_o for_o fear_n fly_v for_o the_o same_o albeit_o that_o he_o be_v judicial_o acquit_v of_o the_o felony_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o flee_v for_o the_o same_o he_o shall_v notwithstanding_o his_o innocence_n forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n debt_n and_o duty_n o_o unchristian_a and_o abominable_a doctrine_n which_o also_o he_o in_o his_o own_o word_n follow_v contradict_v for_o say_v he_o as_o to_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o they_o the_o law_n will_v admit_v no_o proof_n against_o the_o presumption_n of_o the_o law_n ground_v upon_o his_o flight_n and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o many_o other_o case_n but_o that_o the_o general_a rule_n be_v quod_fw-la stabitur_fw-la praesumptioni_fw-la donec_fw-la probetur_fw-la in_o contrarium_fw-la but_o you_o see_v it_o have_v many_o exception_n this_o general_a rule_n contradict_v what_o he_o say_v before_o for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o exception_n to_o a_o general_a rule_n in_o law_n that_o be_v not_o express_o make_v a_o exception_n by_o some_o statute_n and_o to_o a_o general_a rule_n of_o equity_n there_o can_v be_v no_o exception_n at_o all_o from_o the_o power_n of_o punish_v let_v we_o proceed_v to_o the_o power_n of_o pardon_v la._n touch_v the_o power_n of_o pardon_v sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v 3_o inst._n p._n 236._o that_o no_o man_n shall_v obtain_v charter_n of_o pardon_n out_o of_o parliament_n and_o cite_v for_o it_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o ed._n 3._o cap._n 2._o and_o say_v far_a that_o according_o in_o a_o parliament_n roll_v it_o be_v say_v that_o for_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o land_n it_o will_v help_v that_o no_o pardon_n be_v grant_v but_o by_o parliament_n ph._n what_o lawful_a power_n will_v he_o have_v leave_v to_o the_o king_n that_o thus_o disable_v he_o to_o practise_v mercy_n in_o the_o statute_n which_o he_o cit_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n ought_v not_o to_o grant_v charter_n of_o pardon_n but_o in_o parliament_n there_o be_v no_o such_o word_n as_o any_o man_n may_v see_v for_o that_o statute_n be_v in_o print_n and_o that_o which_o he_o say_v be_v in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n be_v but_o a_o wish_n of_o he_o tell_v not_o who_o and_o not_o a_o law_n and_o it_o be_v strange_a that_o a_o private_a wish_n shall_v be_v enrol_v among_o act_n of_o parliament_n if_o a_o man_n do_v you_o a_o injury_n to_o who_o think_v you_o belong_v the_o right_a of_o pardon_v it_o la._n doubtless_o to_o i_o alone_o if_o to_o i_o alone_o be_v do_v that_o injury_n and_o to_o the_o king_n alone_o if_o to_o he_o alone_o be_v do_v the_o injury_n and_o to_o both_o together_o if_o the_o injury_n be_v do_v to_o both_o ph._n what_o part_n then_o have_v any_o man_n in_o the_o grant_n of_o a_o pardon_n but_o the_o king_n and_o the_o party_n wrong_v if_o you_o offend_v no_o member_n of_o either_o house_n why_o shall_v you_o ask_v their_o pardon_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o a_o man_n may_v deserve_v a_o pardon_n or_o he_o may_v be_v such_o a_o one_o sometime_o as_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v need_n of_o may_v not_o the_o king_n pardon_v he_o though_o there_o be_v no_o parliament_n then_o sit_v sir_n edw._n coke_n law_n be_v too_o general_a in_o this_o point_n and_o i_o believe_v if_o he_o have_v think_v on_o it_o he_o will_v have_v except_v some_o person_n if_o not_o all_o the_o king_n child_n and_o his_o heir_n apparent_a and_o yet_o they_o be_v all_o his_o subject_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o law_n as_o other_o men._n la._n but_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v grant_v pardon_n of_o murder_n and_o felony_n of_o his_o own_o head_n there_o will_v be_v very_o little_a safety_n for_o any_o man_n either_o out_o of_o his_o house_n or_o in_o it_o either_o by_o night_n or_o by_o day_n and_o for_o that_o very_a cause_n there_o have_v be_v many_o good_a statute_n provide_v which_o forbid_v the_o justice_n to_o allow_v of_o such_o pardon_n as_o do_v not_o special_o name_v the_o crime_n ph._n those_o statute_n i_o confess_v be_v reasonable_a and_o very_o profitable_a which_o forbid_v the_o judge_n to_o pardon_v murder_n but_o what_o statute_n be_v there_o that_o forbid_v the_o king_n to_o do_v it_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n of_o 13_o rich._n 2._o c._n 1._o wherein_o the_o king_n promise_v not_o to_o pardon_v murder_n but_o there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o clause_n for_o the_o save_n of_o the_o king_n regality_n from_o which_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o grant_v away_o that_o power_n when_o he_o think_v good_a to_o use_v it_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n such_o statute_n be_v not_o law_n to_o the_o king_n but_o to_o his_o judge_n and_o though_o the_o judge_n be_v command_v by_o the_o king_n not_o to_o allow_v pardon_n in_o many_o case_n yet_o if_o the_o king_n by_o writing_n command_v the_o judge_n to_o allow_v they_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o i_o think_v if_o the_o king_n think_v in_o his_o conscience_n it_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o sin_v not_o in_o it_o but_o i_o hold_v not_o that_o the_o king_n may_v pardon_v he_o without_o sin_n if_o any_o other_o man_n be_v damnify_v by_o the_o crime_n commit_v unless_o he_o cause_v reparation_n to_o be_v make_v as_o far_o as_o the_o party_n offend_v can_v do_v it_o and_o howsoever_o be_v it_o sin_n or_o not_o sin_n there_o be_v no_o power_n in_o england_n that_o may_v resist_v he_o or_o speak_v evil_a of_o he_o lawful_o la._n sir_n edw._n coke_n deny_v not_o that_o and_o upon_o that_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n he_o say_v may_v pardon_v high_a treason_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o high_a treason_n but_o against_o the_o king_n ph._n that_o be_v well_o therefore_o he_o confess_v that_o whatsoever_o the_o offence_n be_v the_o king_n may_v pardon_v so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o be_v a_o injury_n to_o himself_o and_o that_o by_o his_o own_o right_n without_o breach_n of_o any_o law_n positive_a or_o natural_a or_o of_o any_o grant_n if_o his_o conscience_n tell_v he_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o the_o damage_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o you_o know_v that_o to_o judge_v of_o what_o be_v good_a or_o evil_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n only_o now_o tell_v i_o what_o it_o be_v which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v pardon_v la._n what_o can_v it_o be_v but_o only_o the_o offence_n if_o a_o man_n have_v do_v a_o murder_n and_o be_v pardon_v for_o the_o same_o be_v it_o not_o the_o murder_n that_o be_v pardon_v ph._n nay_o by_o your_o favour_n if_o a_o man_n be_v pardon_v for_o murder_n or_o any_o other_o offence_n it_o be_v the_o man_n that_o be_v
so_o nor_o do_v i_o see_v any_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a for_o the_o subject_n whether_o they_o come_v into_o the_o family_n have_v no_o title_n at_o all_o to_o demand_v any_o part_n of_o the_o land_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o security_n to_o which_o also_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o contribute_v their_o whole_a strength_n and_o if_o need_v be_v their_o whole_a fortune_n for_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v that_o any_o one_o man_n can_v protect_v all_o the_o rest_n with_o his_o own_o single_a strength_n and_o for_o the_o practice_n it_o be_v manifest_a in_o all_o conquest_n the_o land_n of_o the_o vanquish_a be_v in_o the_o sole_a power_n of_o the_o victor_n and_o at_o his_o disposal_n do_v not_o joshua_n and_o the_o high-priest_n divide_v the_o land_n of_o canaan_n in_o such_o sort_n among_o the_o tribe_n of_o israel_n as_o they_o please_v do_v not_o the_o roman_a and_o grecian_a prince_n and_o state_n according_a to_o their_o own_o discretion_n send_v out_o the_o colony_n to_o inhabit_v such_o province_n as_o they_o have_v conquer_a be_v there_o at_o this_o day_n among_o the_o turk_n any_o inheritor_n of_o land_n beside_o the_o sultan_n and_o be_v not_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n once_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n sir_n edw._n coke_n himself_o confess_v it_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o universal_a truth_n that_o all_o conquer_a land_n present_o after_o victory_n be_v the_o land_n of_o he_o that_o conquer_a they_o la._n but_o you_o know_v that_o all_o sovereign_n be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o double_a capacity_n viz._n a_o natural_a capacity_n as_o he_o be_v a_o man_n and_o a_o a_o politic_a capacity_n as_o a_o king_n in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n i_o grant_v you_o that_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n be_v the_o proper_a and_o only_a owner_n once_o of_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n but_o not_o in_o his_o natural_a capacity_n ph._n if_o he_o have_v they_o in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n than_o they_o be_v so_o his_o own_o as_o not_o to_o dispose_v of_o any_o part_n thereof_o but_o only_o to_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o people_n and_o that_o must_v be_v either_o by_o his_o own_o or_o by_o the_o people_n discretion_n that_o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o where_o do_v you_o find_v that_o the_o conqueror_n dispose_v of_o his_o land_n as_o he_o do_v some_o to_o englishman_n some_o to_o frenchman_n and_o some_o to_o norman_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o divers_a tenor_n as_o knight-service_n soccage_n etc._n etc._n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o that_o he_o ever_o call_v a_o parliament_n to_o have_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o england_n in_o dispose_v of_o those_o land_n he_o have_v take_v from_o they_o or_o for_o retain_v of_o such_o and_o such_o land_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n by_o the_o name_n of_o forest_n for_o his_o own_o recreation_n or_o magnificence_n you_o have_v hear_v perhaps_o that_o some_o lawyer_n or_o other_o man_n repute_v wise_a and_o good_a patriot_n have_v give_v out_o that_o all_o the_o land_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v possess_v have_v be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o people_n to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o shall_v therewith_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o their_o war_n and_o pay_v the_o wage_n of_o their_o minister_n and_o that_o those_o land_n be_v gain_v by_o the_o people_n money_n for_o that_o be_v pretend_v in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n when_o they_o take_v from_o the_o king_n his_o town_n of_o kingston_n upon_o hull_n but_o i_o know_v you_o do_v not_o think_v that_o the_o pretence_n be_v just_a it_o can_v therefore_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o land_n which_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n give_v away_o to_o englishman_n and_o other_o and_o which_o they_o now_o hold_v by_o his_o letter_n patent_n and_o other_o conveyance_n be_v proper_o and_o real_o his_o own_o or_o else_o the_o title_n of_o they_o that_o now_o hold_v they_o must_v be_v invalid_a la._n i_o assent_n as_o you_o have_v show_v i_o the_o begin_n of_o monarchy_n so_o let_v i_o hear_v your_o opinion_n concern_v their_o growth_n ph._n great_a monarchy_n have_v proceed_v from_o small_a family_n first_o by_o war_n wherein_o the_o victor_n not_o only_o enlarge_v his_o territory_n but_o also_o the_o number_n and_o riches_n of_o his_o subject_n as_o for_o other_o form_n of_o commonwealth_n they_o have_v be_v enlarge_v otherways_o first_o by_o a_o voluntary_a conjunction_n of_o many_o lord_n of_o family_n into_o one_o great_a aristocracy_n second_o by_o rebellion_n proceed_v first_o anarchy_n and_o from_o anarchy_n proceed_v any_o form_n that_o the_o calamity_n of_o they_o that_o live_v therein_o do_v prompt_v they_o to_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o they_o choose_v a_o hereditary_a king_n or_o a_o elective_a king_n for_o life_n or_o that_o they_o agree_v upon_o a_o council_n of_o certain_a person_n which_o be_v aristocracy_n or_o a_o council_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n to_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n which_o be_v democracy_n after_o the_o first_o manner_n which_o be_v by_o war_n grow_v up_o all_o the_o great_a kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n viz._n the_o egyptian_a assyrian_a persian_a and_o the_o macedonian_a monarchy_n and_o so_o do_v the_o great_a kingdom_n of_o england_n france_n and_o spain_n the_o second_o manner_n be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o venetian_a aristocracy_n by_o the_o three_o way_n which_o be_v rebellion_n grow_v up_o in_o divers_a great_a monarchy_n perpetual_o change_v from_o one_o form_n to_o another_o as_o in_o rome_n rebellion_n against_o king_n produce_v democracy_n upon_o which_o the_o senate_n usurp_v under_o sylla_n and_o the_o people_n again_o upon_o the_o senate_n under_o marius_n and_o the_o emperor_n usurp_v upon_o the_o people_n under_o caesar_n and_o his_o successor_n la._n do_v you_o think_v the_o distinction_n between_o natural_a and_o politic_a capacity_n be_v insignificant_a ph._n no_o if_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v in_o a_o assembly_n of_o man_n that_o assembly_n whether_o it_o be_v aristocratical_a or_o democratical_a may_v possess_v land_n but_o it_o be_v in_o their_o politic_a capacity_n because_o no_o natural_a man_n have_v any_o right_n to_o those_o land_n or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n they_o can_v command_v a_o act_n by_o plurality_n of_o command_n but_o the_o command_n of_o any_o one_o of_o they_o be_v of_o no_o effect_n but_o when_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v in_o one_o man_n the_o natural_a and_o politic_a capacity_n be_v in_o the_o same_o person_n and_o as_o to_o possession_n of_o land_n undistinguishable_a but_o as_o to_o the_o act_n and_o command_n they_o may_v be_v well_o distinguish_v in_o this_o manner_n whatsoever_o a_o monarch_n do_v command_v or_o do_v by_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n of_o his_o kingdom_n may_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n and_o whatsoever_o he_o command_v by_o word_n of_o mouth_n only_o or_o by_o letter_n sign_v with_o his_o hand_n or_o seal_v with_o any_o of_o his_o private_a seal_n be_v do_v in_o his_o natural_a capacity_n nevertheless_o his_o public_a command_n though_o they_o be_v make_v in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n have_v their_o original_n from_o his_o natural_a capacity_n for_o in_o the_o make_n of_o law_n which_o necessary_o require_v his_o assent_n his_o assent_n be_v natural_a also_o those_o act_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o king_n previous_o to_o the_o pass_v of_o they_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n either_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n or_o warrant_v under_o his_o signet_n or_o privy_a seal_n be_v do_v in_o his_o natural_a capacity_n but_o when_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o seal_n of_o england_n they_o be_v to_o be_v take_v as_o do_v in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n la._n i_o think_v very_o your_o distinction_n be_v good_a for_o natural_a capacity_n and_o politic_a capacity_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o private_a and_o public_a right_n therefore_o leave_v this_o argument_n let_v we_o consider_v in_o the_o next_o place_n as_o far_o as_o history_n will_v permit_v what_o be_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o our_o ancestor_n ph._n the_o saxon_n as_o also_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o germany_n not_o conquer_a by_o the_o roman_a emperor_n nor_o compel_v to_o use_v the_o imperial_a law_n be_v a_o savage_a and_o heathen_a people_n live_v only_o by_o war_n and_o rapine_n and_o as_o some_o learned_a man_n in_o the_o roman_a antiquity_n affirm_v have_v their_o name_n of_o german_n from_o that_o their_o ancient_a trade_n of_o life_n as_o if_o germane_a and_o hommes_fw-fr de_fw-fr guerre_fw-fr were_z all_o one_o their_o rule_n over_o their_o family_n servant_n and_o subject_n be_v absolute_a their_o law_n no_o other_o than_o natural_a equity_n write_v law_n they_o have_v little_a or_o none_o and_o very_o few_o there_o be_v in_o the_o time_n
king_n of_o those_o time_n have_v not_o mean_n enough_o and_o to_o spare_v if_o god_n be_v not_o their_o enemy_n to_o defend_v their_o people_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o also_o to_o compel_v they_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n among_o themselves_o ph._n and_o so_o have_v have_v the_o succeed_a king_n if_o they_o have_v never_o give_v their_o right_n away_o and_o their_o subject_n always_o keep_v their_o oath_n and_o promise_n in_o what_o manner_n proceed_v those_o ancient_a saxon_n and_o other_o nation_n of_o germany_n especial_o the_o northern_a part_n to_o the_o make_n of_o their_o law_n la._n sir_n edw._n coke_n out_o of_o divers_a saxon_a law_n gather_v and_o publish_v in_o saxon_n and_o latin_a by_o mr._n lambert_n infer_v that_o the_o saxon_a king_n for_o the_o make_n of_o their_o law_n call_v together_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v use_v at_o this_o day_n in_o england_n but_o by_o those_o law_n of_o the_o saxon_n publish_v by_o mr._n lambert_n 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