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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A05067	A treatise against the proclamation published by the King of Spayne, by which he proscribed the late Prince of Orange wherby shall appeare the sclaunders and falce accusations conteyned in the sayd proscription, which is annexed to the ende of this treatise. Presented to My Lords the Estates generall in the Low Countries. Together with the sayd proclamation or proscription. Printed in French and all other languages.; Apologia. English	Loyseleur, Pierre, ca. 1530-1590.; Languet, Hubert, 1518-1581.; William I, Prince of Orange, 1533-1584.	1584 (1584)	STC 15208; ESTC S106849	105,192	136

the learned Orations of Master Peter Coignieres and a resolute King who caused his foolehood for so the King called him in his letters to be taken at Anania by one of the Lordes King Philip the faire be ginneth his letter vvith theis words Sciat fatuitas vestra that is let your follie or foolehood know and he the eldest of the noble house of Colonnes and by a gentleman of Languedoc named Nogaret who brought him to Rome where also they put him to death as he had most iustlie deserued the same But as I haue saide I will not staye my selfe vpon these foundations but minde to come to the mutuall bondes which are betweene him and vs. Let vs thē put the case that al this were neither so nor so Doth not he verie wel know that if he be Duke of Brabant I by reason of my Baronneis am one of the principal members of Brabant Doth he not know wherein he is bound to me my brethren and companions and the good townes of the countrey Hath he forgottē vpon what cōditions he keepeth this estate The iustifying of the taking of armes by the Estates against Philip Duke of Brabant Countie of Flaunders Doth he no longer remember his othe O if he thincke vpō it doth he so litle regard that which he hath promised to God and the countrey and that vpon conditions tied to his Dukes hatt or garland It is not needfull my Lordes that I should here set out vnto you that which he hath promised vs before that we tooke any othe vnto him for sundrie amongest you know the same But because that others shall see this my defence I was very willing to call to your remembraunce the summe of his othe You knowe my Lordes wherevnto he is bound and that it is not in his dispositiō to do whatsoeuer he liketh of as he doth in the Indies for he cannot here amongst vs by violence inforce one of his subiectes onely The summe of the priuiledges of Brabant to any thing whatsoeuer vnlesse that the custome of the benche of the iustices where they dwell permit the same He may not by anie ordinaunce or decree alter or chaunge after anie sorte whatsoeuer the estate of the countrey He must content him selfe with his ordinarie and common reuenewes he may not cause to be leuied nor yet exact any impositions or taxes without the good will and expresse consent of the countrey and according to the priuiledges thereof He can not bring souldiers into the Countrey without the consent thereof He maie not touche nor deale with the decrying or imbasing of money without the consent of the Estates of the Countrey He can not cause anie subiect to be apprehended without information made and knowledge first giuen by the Magistrate of the place Hauing anie for a prisoner he cannot send him out of the Countrey I beseeche you my Lordes do you not see hearing only this sūme rehearsed if the Barons and Nobles of the coūtrey who by reason of the preheminēces the charge of the armies do not oppose them selues I say not only when these articles are violated but whē they are tyrannously trodē vnder foote when not one article but all that not once but a thousand thousand times are broken corrupted not by the Duke onely but by barbarous and sauage people Do you not see I saye that if the Nobles according to their othe and bonde do not inforce the Duke to yeelde equitie and iustice to the Countrey that they them selues should be condemned of periurie vnfaithfulnesse and rebellion against the Estates of the Countrey And as concerning my selfe I haue in deede a particular reason and which toucheth me yet more nighe that is that contrarie vnto all the saide priuiledges I was depriued of all my goodes without obseruing any forme or order of iustice therein But that which fell out in the person of my Sonne the Countie of Bueren is so euident a testimonie of the enemies disloyaultie and vnfaithfulnes of the transgression or breache of the priuiledges that no man can with any good reason doubt why I haue taken vp armes And in that I was not able at the first time to take fast footing in the countrey which he vpbraideth me withall what newe thing hath betithed vnto me The first armie of the L. Prince which hath not fallen out vnto rhe greatest Captaines of the worlde Yea euen vnto him him selse who hath so oftentimes entered and that with so great and mightie armies into Holland and Zealand and yet with a handfull of people and by the ayde of my Lordes the Estates of the saide prouinces he hath bin shamefully driuen out of the saide countrey and that great Captaine the Duke of Alua and his successours without hauing at this day in the said countreis one foote of lande vnder his disposition and gouernement as by your good ayde I hope that shortly he shall not haue any in all the rest of the countrey To be short by his othe he meaneth that in the case of gainestanding him we should be no longer bounde vnto him neyther yeelde him any seruice or obedience as appeareth by the last article If then I be not bounde vnto him If I owe him not any more seruice or obedience why is he so rashe as to saie that I haue taken vp armes against my Lord Certainly betweene al Lords and Vassailes there is a mutuall bonde and this saying of a certaine Senator to a Consull shal be alwayes praysed If thou doest not account me for a Senator I wil not account thee for a Consull But betweene Vassals there is verie great difference some remayning without comparison in farre greater libertie than other some as we are in Brabant hauing such large priuiledges and rightes that we may freelie make giue graūts in our landes so that excepting the homage which we owe we cannot haue any thing more than we haue And amongest other rightes and priuiledges we haue this to stande our Dukes in that steede that the Ephori at Sparta did their Kinges that is to saie to keepe the Kingdome sure in the power of a good Prince and to cause him to yeelde equitie which stood against his othe But some will say that there is a condition annexed that is that we shal be so long freed from our othe An obiection till he haue amended the faulte But what if he will neuer amende it If after the Emperour Maximilian and the Princes of the Empire entreat him and make intercession for vs that it woulde please him to vnburden the countrey for a ful aunswere some would saie vnto them that they should meddle with their owne matters and that the King knoweth wel inough how to gouerne his subiectes If after infinite declarations by the message of verie noble Lordes of this countrey we do request him to do vs iustice he proudly reiect our requestes and put to death the saide Lordes and

innocencie is and howe weake and ruinous their foundations and groundworkes are But seeing that to make me odious they haue better liked to set euen at the entraunce before the eyes of all the worlde a heape of iniuries and in the course of this speache without purpose to interlace them speaking so shamelessely of me I suppose that it is necessary yea in deed most iust that I aunswere to such slaunders to the ende that some being mooued or perswaded by such words may not yet receiue this my defence with a harte more estraunged from me than the lawe allowed amongest people and iustice it selfe requireth As concerning then this heape of iniuries by which I am so shamelesly rent in peeces and which being taken out of this Proscription nothing shall remaine therein but a smoke you see my Lordes howe plaine and without painting coulours the defence is that I vse If you knome me to be such a one as myne enemies publishe me to be if I carrie either in my bodie or in my soule such coulours as the forger of this writing saith that he hath painted me out withall for my Lordes ye haue knowne me from my youth and I haue not spent my age els where but with you shut immediatly your eares and refuse to heare or vnderstande so much as one worde comming out of my mouth But if on the other side I haue all my lyfe thorowe bin more honest more sounde more continent and lesse couetous than the authors of this slaunderous writing and then he which hath published the same to witt the Prince of Parma and his predecessors whose factes are ouerwell knowne by histories if I saie you haue knowne me and mine auncestors more vertuous people than these for I speake not as yet of the King and their auncestors then beleeue that as they falsely slaunder at the verie entrance so they shal be no more meete to be beleeued in all the rest of their shamelesse accusations For to what ende I pray you serueth this recitall of so many iniuries but onely to shewe vnto the worlde that my enemies are skilfull to slaunder and backbite and that he whom yet thorowe Gods goodnes they haue not bin able to murther neither by poyson nor sword nor yet to deceaue by promises nor yet busie him with vaine and vncertaine hopes they do assay at the least to woūd him with the venim of their tongue accustomed euen from their youth to so infamous an occupation Of the good turnes vvhich som say the lord Prince hath receaued of the Emperor Charles They at the beginning make a recitall of many good turnes which I haue receyued fro the Emperour in respect of the succession of my late Lorde the Prince of Orange my cosen that the King made me of his order Lieutenaunt generall in the gouernement of Hollande Zeelande Vtrecht and Burgundie and one of the counsell of Estate To what ende are these things alleadged to declare that I am greatly bounde to the house of Spaine and that I can not shunne this but that I must be condemned of ingratitude and moreouer Accusation of ingratitude that by reason of the othe that I had taken and of the landes and Lordshippes that I holde in homage of the saide Lorde I am bound to procure the profitt and aduancement of his affaires and matters thinking to make me likewise culpable and faultie of vnfaithfulnes Accusation of vnthankfulnes Verely I confesse and agree with the King and the whole house of Spaine that nothing is so much to be cōdemned in this world as a man defiled with these two spottes staines to wit of vnthankfulnes vnfaithfulnes and he that hath spoken these two iniuries to a man he hath said as much to him against him as if he had charged him with all the accusations slaunders that wyse people and fooles discreete and vndiscreete could rake togither and specially looke by how much a Lord is of a more noble and famous house by so much the more shall he be dishonored if he can be conuinced of these or such faultes and I refuse not to be hated of all the worlde to be rooted out of the earth and that the memorie of me myne should be withered for euer if I may be founde such a one But that shall be with this condition also that if I declare that there is no Prince in the worlde more vngratefull and vnkind towardes a poore Lorde than he that accused me and would condemne me is against me and mine that the vnfaithfulnes also which he hath vsed in respect of me for I wil not yet speak of the opē violating of his faith towards the coūtrie is incredible that then I say he also may be subiect to the like condition and state and may be holden for such a one as he is amongest all liuing people and all posteritie to come and I shall thinke the punishment more great in his behalfe than he thinketh any in myne as may appeare by that which he maketh shewe to seeke for by this tragical Proscription the which thorowe Gods grace and goodnes doeth no more astonishe me than a vaine vision or dreame First my Lords I protest that the remembraunce and memorie of the Emperour Charles shall alwayes be in an honorable account with me as well because of his actes as that it pleased him to shew me so much honor as to haue nourished me in his chāber by the space of nine yeeres to whom also I yeelded performed most faithfull and most willing seruice But if he who by reason is most bounde of all men to maintaine his renowne come to accuse me of ingratitude and vnthankfulnes as that I haue not acknowledged the good turnes which he saieth that I haue receaued of the Emperour I beseeche you to holde me excused if being cōstrayned for the defence of myne innocencie I declare in respect of good turnes alleadged that I haue not receaued any at all from him but that in doing him seruice I haue receaued most great losses as you shall plainely vnderstande if it please you to heare me patienly Nowe then he saith that in respect of the succession of the late Lord the Prince Rene my cosen An aunsvver to the accusation of ingratitude the Emperour handled me fauourably But wherein First there was neuer any Lorde as yet founde so euil aduised that would pretend right against me for succession in so much that if the Emperour hath not hindered me in that what hath he done for me that a iudge the greatest enemie I could haue would not haue done likewise Was there yet anie partie founde so rashe that durst offer him self to speak against it And though I had had aduerse parties if my right were so cleare and so well grounded that nothing was euer yet hetherto able to be alleadged against it which was able to darcken it or to shake it and that herevppon the Emperour had giuen

perceaue sundrie matters set out practised by the Spaniardes The natural dispositiō of the Spaniards vvas al vvais cruel but yet kept vnder for a time by the vvisdom of Charles the Einperour which I approued not as good and of which I did not sufficiently conceaue that the disease in processe of time might growe so farre that in the ende it should be verie necessarie to vse a strong and powerfull medicine and to purge the countrey from these pernitious and hurtfull Spanishe humours But because I was not able then by reason of myne age and the little experiēce I had to knowe the deepe malice of the Spaniardes and their adherentes I could hardlie perswade my selfe that we should be inforced to bring a whot yron to this cancker of Spaine or els to come so farre as to roote it out But after that together with my age I began to be of a more setled and sounde iudgement I had in in deede a contrarie opinion and deliuered the same to sundrie others which neuer knewe to thinke that the rage and crueltie of the Spaniardes could proceede so farre for nothing fell out by which I might haue verie particular knowledge of their cruell couetous and proude naturall disposition but I certainely and assuredly looked for the same long time before I will therefore let passe that time which cometh not also at anie hande to be compared in any manner of disorder and tyrānie with that which hath since fallen out in the time of the king his sonne not that the Spaniardes were then better than they are at this present for amongst the Indies and in other places where they commaunded absolutely they yeelded to euident a proofe of their peruerse naturall disposition and tyrannous affection and will But their ambition and pride was in some sorte restrained by the good affection that the Emperour bare to the subiectes of this countrey because also that these prouinces were full of braue Lords wise and valiaunt men sauoring of their auncient nobilitie and would to God they had children like vnto them whiche serued in steede of a bridle against their insolencie and of a countermure against their pride rashnes I will then come to the time which insued because also that he who was the heire of the goodes though not of the vertues of the Emperour is he that cometh to assault me after an order more than barbarous and tyrannicall The Emperour of most noble memorie and the Queene Marie seeing their affaires and businesses so impaired by the meanes of a cleane contrarie issue of the warres of Germanie which fell out otherwise then the Pope the Spaniardes had promised to them selues whilest that the Frenche king was ioyned in league with some of the chiefe Princes of Germanie The Emperor dischargeth himself of his kingdomes and Lordships cōmitteth them to his sonne his Maiestie I saie was inforced to agree with his enemie his affaires standing in such condition that despairing of his abilitie to keepe his owne countreis he purposed to withdrawe him selfe into Spaine and there to lead a priuate life after that he had veelded vp all his kingdomes Landes and Lordships and had laide them vpon the person of his sonne And albeit that the King because of the condition of his owne estate had neede to vpholde his subiectes in good will and affection towardes him of which thing also he had most expresse commaundement from his father seeing that of the meanes and valure that they had there did wholie depende the sauegard of the countrey and the maintenaunce of his owne honour yet whether it were by reason of the nourishement whiche he had in Spaine or by the counsell of those which then did and euen to this time haue possessed him I knowe not he hath alwaies fostered in his hearte a minde to make you subiect to a certaine simple and absolute bondage which they call a ful and whole obedience depriuing you altogether of your auncient priuiledges and liberties that they may dispose of yon your wiues and your children and handle you as his officers haue done the poore Indians or at the least as they do the people of Calabria Sicilia Naples and Millaine whilest they remember not that these countreis are not countreis atcheiued by conquest but come for the most parte by they way of patrimonie or els such as willingly gaue vp them selues vnto his predecessours vnder good and lawfull conditions But it is likely that he did it by the aduise of such as serued the Emperour his father and the King his great vncle in steede of a foundation the better to reare vp the building of the kingdomes and Lordshippes to which we see the house of Austriche hath atteined it being at this day without all controuersie the greatest the mightiest of all Christendome And this affection in him was not but to much made manifest immediatly after the departure of the Emperour The Kinges hart alvvais enemie to these countreis as if the Lordes that then liued did yet remaine amongst vs they could yeelde you sufficient testimonie thereof For euen so soone as he was cōstrained to enter into warr with the French king cōsidering the power of his enemie ad also the wise aduertisements of the Emperor if he had had but one only sparke of good sincere affection towardes these countreis he should at the least haue mainteined his subiects in good deuotion affectiō towards him But in the middest of his great affaires so disorderous vnruly was the desire he had to plaie the tyraūt he gaue forth a most plaine most certaine demonstration of his euill will The Emperor who my Lords knew better then any Prince or man of the world the arrogant and proude nature of the Spaniardes and it may be also the inclinatiō of the King his sōne The Empesrors counsel giuē to the King his sonne and on the other side the state of this countrey whatsoeuer might destroy preserue it did seriously aduertise his sonne that if he kept his pride of Spaine he should diligently foresee that he were not the cause of the vtter ruine and destruction of this estate which could not long suffer endure this same proude gouernement which the Spaniardes exercise in euery place where they can And he gaue him this exhortation in the presence of the late my Lord the Countie of Bossu the father of him that last deceassed and in my presence also and in the presence of sundrie other Lordes of his chamber of which some are yet at this day liuing But neither the authoritie and commaundement of his father nor the profit of his owne affaires nor iustice nor his othe whiche yet notwithstanding doth keepe in the most barbarous nations were able in anie thing to moderate and restraine the naturall disposition and affection that he had to tyrānise ouer vs but on the other side as though he had bin aboue all lawes priuiledges

caused him to consume three score thousande And whilest my Lordes he thus in this countrey lost his time his men and his money he lost likewise within two monethes the Kingdome of Tunis and the Goulette The shameful lostes of the kingdōe of Thunis the Goulette with the greatest shame and confusion that euer anie mightie Prince did yea though he were driuen out of his owne lande albeit some would laie the faulte hereof vppon the youth of Don Iohn vpon the whoredome of the Cardinall For whilest he did so ill imploye his forces here amōgst vs Sinam Basscha tooke from him that Kingdome and that fortresse which men supposed could neuer haue bin taken this he did in the sight of Spaine and of Sicilia without that euer anie of the Kings side durst so much as shewe his head to fight against him or onely to turne him aside And yet if he had no regarde to the good of Christendome which in deed he neuer had as witnesseth the painted league that he made which also cost the Venetians so much nor respect to his own honour at the least the memorie and name of the Emperour his father who did little or nothing regarde all his notable deedes and feates of armes in respect of that conquest ought to haue moued and thrust him forwarde with a noble and earnest desire wisely to haue mainteyned that which the Emperour his father had so valiauntly conquered for him and all Christendome But the rage and furie to destroye vs which caried him awaie tooke both his eyes from him that he could not see that euill and his vnderstanding also that he could not discerne it he louing ouermuch to make proofe rather of his weakenes against his owne proper people then of his forces against the common and vniuersall enemie of Christendome This my Lordes is that which he obiecteth against me which also fell out before our generall coniunction and ioyning together Wherevnto it may be it was not altogether necessarie to aunswere sauing that it is requisite not onely to satisfie you but also to stoppe their mouthes and to make all the worlde to vnderstande their impudencies and slaunders For if the question were but of that which cōcerneth your selues and those whiche heretofore were on our side who haue notwithstāding verie euelly and without any cause withdrawen them selues from vs you and those with you haue heretofore sufficiently declared that you had a farre better opinion of me For first the accorde treated of by you with me my Lordes of Hollande and Zealande at Gaunt hath sufficientlie iustified me seeing that if you had supposed me to be such a one as this infamous Proscription describeth me you neyther would nor could haue entered into treatie with me beside so many honorable embassages as you since that time haue sent vnto me to S. Gheertrudenberghe and euen yet to Antwerp both to cause me to come into Brabant and to cause me to come vnto you to Bruxelles that I might be assistaunt with you in Counsell and also that yee did honour me with the title of Lieutenaunt generall All these things I saye doo sufficiently declare what is the opinion and iudgement that yee haue had of all these false and friuoulous accusations whiche thing alone I suppose to be ouer sufficient and strong to confute them But let vs nowe see howe before that time they on their behalfes gouerned themselues with what pride insolencie and disdaine of our whole nation I will not repeate the periuries and deceites of the Dutchesse nor of the King in the behalfe of my Lordes the Counties of Egmount and of Horne nor the baites and allurementes which they prepared for me nor yet generally that which fel out before the cōming of the Duke of Alua but that onely whiche was done afterwardes vntill the time of our generall coniunction and ioyning together to the ende that as the remembraunce of the mischiefes and griefes past shall bring vnto you pleasure and contentement and the same as I hope vnto me who with some delite haue ayded you therin so that by the same you will more and more strengthen your selues in this resolution which is both holie and worthie of immortall prayse which you also haue taken vpon you that is to oppose and set your selues against the Spaniardes and their adherentes Nowe as well the saide Duke of Alua as those that commaunded vnder him and after him haue sufficiently made vs to vnderstande what was at all times the counsell of Spaine to wit to roote vs out and to bring vs into bondage For as Hanniball euen when he was but nine yeeres olde did sweare by the altar of his goddes that he would be al his life long an enemie to the Romanes so was this Duke of Alua from his childhood nourished and brought vp in an vnreconcilable hatred against this countrey The insupportable pride of the Duke of Alua other officers being Spaniardes which by so much blood as he hath spilt could as yet neuer be satisfied but so much the more hath he caused it to runne out on euerie side in all the Townes of this Countrey yea so farre forth that he hath caused to be put to death which thing also he him selfe bragged of eightene thousand poore innocent men and more and that by the handes of the hangman or tormentor and yet for all that that cruell lust of his could neuer be satisfied So that if any would knowe what are the priuie counsells of Spaine what is the Kings good wil and howe much he loueth vs he shall finde it all deciphered sett out in the bloodie deedes of the Duke of Alua as if it were set out before his eyes and liuely painted in a table of painters worke For there hath not bin any kinde of dissimulation treason and vnfaithfulnes which he hath not vsed that hee might bring vnder his subiection and seruice the principall Lordes of this Countrey and that by offers promises newe titles of Honour bestowed vpon them But the good vertuous people that he could get into his handes he hath cruelly put to death without any respect either to their innocencie or to the priuiledges of the countrey and yet nothing was done but by the Kings commaundement He committed the like against the Citezens and good Marchauntes so proudly treding vnder feete our auncient liberties and freedomes yea euery thing that was remayning amongest vs of the glorie of our auncestours that it seemed that he thought that you were at no hande worthie to be reckoned in the number of men And where is it that we can haue a more certaine and playne proofe and that so open that it is as it were in the sight and beholding of all Christendome concerning this matter the profane and proude erection of the Duke of Alua his image in the midst of the late Citadel at Antvverp and withall of his vnsupportable contempt and disdaine