favour_n of_o those_o that_o love_n to_o reason_n on_o philosophical_a matter_n the_o siamese_n do_v not_o give_v many_o form_n to_o their_o land_n reap_v the_o time_n of_o plough_v and_o reap_v they_o till_o they_o and_o sow_v they_o when_o the_o rain_n have_v sufficient_o soften_v they_o and_o they_o gather_v their_o harvest_n when_o the_o water_n be_v retire_v and_o sometime_o when_o they_o be_v yet_o remain_v on_o the_o ground_n and_o they_o can_v go_v only_o by_o boat_n all_o the_o land_n that_o be_v overflow_v be_v good_a for_o rice_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o ear_n always_o surmount_v the_o water_n and_o that_o if_o they_o increase_v a_o foot_n in_o twenty_o four_o hour_n the_o rice_n grow_v a_o foot_n also_o in_o twenty_o four_o hour_n but_o though_o it_o be_v aver_v that_o this_o happen_v sometime_o i_o can_v without_o much_o difficulty_n believe_v it_o in_o so_o vast_a a_o inundation_n and_o i_o rather_o conceive_v that_o when_o the_o inundation_n surmount_v the_o rice_n at_o any_o time_n it_o rot_v it_o they_o gather_v rice_n also_o in_o divers_a canton_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o the_o rain_n do_v not_o overflow_v and_o this_o be_v more_o substantial_a better_o relish_v and_o keep_v long_o rice_n another_o sort_n of_o rice_n when_o it_o have_v grow_v long_o enough_o in_o the_o land_n where_o it_o be_v sow_o it_o be_v transplant_v into_o another_o which_o be_v prepare_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o overflow_v it_o as_o we_o do_v the_o salt_n marsh_n until_o it_o be_v thorough_o soft_a and_o for_o this_o purpose_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o have_v high_a cistern_n or_o rather_o to_o keep_v the_o rain-water_n in_o the_o field_n itself_o by_o little_a bank_n make_v all_o round_a then_o they_o let_v the_o water_n go_v to_o feed_v the_o land_n level_v it_o and_o in_o fine_a transplant_v the_o rice-root_n one_o after_o the_o other_o by_o thrust_v they_o in_o with_o the_o thumb_n i_o be_o great_o incline_v to_o believe_v siamese_n the_o original_n of_o agriculture_n with_o the_o siamese_n that_o the_o ancient_a siamese_n live_v only_o upon_o fruit_n and_o fish_n as_o still_o do_v several_a people_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n and_o that_o in_o process_n of_o time_n husbandry_n have_v be_v teach_v they_o by_o the_o chinese_n we_o read_v in_o the_o history_n of_o china_n that_o it_o be_v ancient_o the_o king_n himself_o that_o annual_o first_o set_v his_o hand_n to_o the_o plough_n in_o this_o great_a kingdom_n and_o that_o of_o the_o crop_n which_o his_o labour_n yield_v he_o he_o make_v the_o bread_n for_o the_o sacrifice_n the_o lawful_a king_n of_o tonquin_n and_o cochinchina_n together_o who_o be_v call_v the_o buado_n likewise_o observe_v this_o custom_n of_o first_o break_v up_o the_o land_n every_o year_n and_o of_o all_o the_o royal_a function_n this_o be_v almost_o the_o only_a one_o remain_v to_o he_o the_o most_o important_a be_v exercise_v by_o two_o hereditary_a governor_n the_o one_o of_o tonquin_n and_o the_o other_o of_o cochinchina_n who_o wage_n war_n and_o who_o be_v the_o true_a sovereign_n although_o they_o profess_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o bua_n which_o be_v at_o tonquin_n for_o their_o sovereign_n agriculture_n the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o siamese_n touch_v agriculture_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n do_v former_o also_o set_v his_o hand_n to_o the_o plough_n on_o a_o certain_a day_n of_o the_o year_n for_o about_o a_o age_n since_o and_o upon_o some_o superstitious_a observation_n of_o a_o bad_a omen_n he_o labour_v no_o more_o but_o leave_v this_o ceremony_n to_o a_o imaginary_a king_n which_o be_v purposely_o create_v every_o year_n yet_o they_o will_v not_o permit_v he_o to_o bear_v the_o title_n of_o king_n but_o that_o of_o oc-ya-kaou_a or_o ocya_a of_o the_o rice_n he_o be_v mount_v upon_o a_o ox_n and_o ride_v to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o must_v plough_v attend_v with_o a_o great_a train_n of_o officer_n that_o be_v obedient_a to_o he_o this_o masquerade_n for_o one_o day_n get_v he_o wherewithal_o to_o live_v on_o the_o whole_a year_n and_o by_o the_o same_o superstition_n have_v deter_v the_o king_n themselves_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o ominous_a and_o unlucky_a to_o the_o person_n i_o suspect_v therefore_o that_o this_o custom_n of_o cause_v the_o land_n to_o be_v plough_v by_o the_o prince_n come_v from_o china_n to_o tonquin_n and_o siam_n with_o the_o art_n of_o husbandry_n together_o it_o be_v politic_a and_o superstitious_a both_o together_o it_o may_v perhaps_o have_v be_v invent_v only_o to_o gain_v credit_n to_o husbandry_n by_o the_o example_n of_o king_n themselves_o but_o it_o be_v intermix_v with_o a_o great_a many_o superstition_n to_o supplicate_v the_o good_a and_o evil_a spirit_n who_o they_o think_v able_a to_o help_v or_o hurt_v the_o good_n of_o the_o earth_n among_o other_o thing_n the_o oc-ya-kaou_a offer_v they_o a_o sacrifice_n in_o the_o open_a field_n of_o a_o heap_n of_o rice-sheave_n whereunto_o he_o set_v fire_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o garden_n of_o the_o siamese_n and_o occasional_o of_o their_o liquor_n potato_n their_o pulse_n and_o root_n the_o potato_n the_o siamese_n be_v not_o less_o addict_v to_o the_o manure_n of_o garden_n than_o to_o the_o plough_v of_o arable_a land_n they_o have_v pulse_n and_o root_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n different_a from_o we_o among_o the_o root_n the_o potato_n deserve_v a_o parcular_a mention_n it_o be_v of_o the_o form_n and_o size_n almost_o of_o a_o parsenep_n and_o the_o inside_n thereof_o be_v sometime_o white_a sometime_o red_a sometime_o purple_a but_o i_o never_o see_v any_o but_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v roast_v under_o the_o ash_n it_o eat_v like_o the_o chestnut_n the_o isle_n of_o america_n make_v it_o know_v to_o we_o it_o there_o frequent_o supply_v as_o some_o report_n the_o place_n of_o bread_n at_o siam_n i_o have_v see_v chibbol_n and_o no_o onion_n garlic_n turnip_n cucumber_n citrul_n water-melon_n parsley_n bawm_n sorrel_n they_o have_v no_o true_a melon_n nor_o strawberry_n nor_o raspberry_n nor_o artichoke_n but_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o asparagus_n of_o which_o they_o do_v not_o eat_v they_o have_v neither_o sallory_n nor_o beet_n nor_o colewort_n nor_o coleflore_v nor_o turnip_n nor_o parsenep_n nor_o carrot_n nor_o leek_n nor_o lettuce_n nor_o chervil_a nor_o most_o of_o the_o herb_n whereof_o we_o compose_v our_o salad_n yet_o the_o dutch_a have_v most_o of_o all_o these_o plant_n at_o batavia_n which_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o soil_n of_o siam_n will_v be_v proper_a thereunto_o it_o bear_v large_a mushroom_n but_o few_o and_o ill_o taste_v it_o yield_v no_o truffle_n not_o so_o much_o as_o that_o insipid_a and_o scentless_a kind_n which_o the_o spaniard_n do_v call_v criadillas_n de_fw-fr tierra_fw-es and_o which_o they_o put_v into_o their_o pot_n radish_n cucumber_n chibbol_n garlic_n radish_n the_o siamese_n do_v eat_v cucumber_n raw_a as_o they_o do_v throughout_o the_o east_n and_o also_o in_o spain_n and_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a but_o their_o cucumber_n may_v be_v more_o wholesome_a than_o we_o see_v that_o vinegar_n do_v not_o harden_v they_o they_o look_v upon_o they_o and_o call_v they_o a_o kind_n of_o water-melon_n mr._n vincent_n inform_v i_o that_o a_o persian_a will_v eat_v 36_o pound_n weight_n of_o melon_n or_o cucumber_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o season_n of_o these_o fruit_n to_o purge_v himself_o the_o chibbol_n garlic_n and_o radish_n have_v a_o sweet_a taste_n at_o siam_n than_o in_o this_o country_n these_o sort_n of_o plant_n do_v lose_v their_o rankness_n by_o the_o great_a heat_n and_o i_o easy_o believe_v what_o those_o who_o have_v experience_v it_o have_v assure_v i_o that_o nothing_o be_v more_o pleasant_a than_o the_o onion_n of_o egypt_n which_o the_o israelite_n so_o exceed_o regret_v flower_n flower_n i_o have_v see_v a_o great_a many_o tuberose_n in_o the_o garden_n of_o siam_n and_o no_o rose_n nor_o gillyflower_n but_o it_o be_v say_v there_o be_v plenty_n of_o gillyflower_n and_o few_o rose_n and_o that_o these_o flower_n have_v less_o scent_n here_o than_o in_o europe_n so_o that_o the_o rose_n have_v hardly_o any_o the_o jasmine_n be_v likewise_o so_o rare_a that_o it_o be_v say_v there_o be_v none_o but_o at_o the_o king_n house_n we_o be_v present_v with_o two_o or_o three_o flower_n as_o a_o wonder_n they_o have_v a_o great_a many_o amaranthus_n and_o tricolors_n except_o these_o most_o of_o the_o flower_n and_o plant_n which_o adorn_v our_o garden_n be_v unknown_a to_o they_o but_o in_o their_o stead_n they_o have_v other_o which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o they_o and_o which_o be_v very_o agreeable_a for_o their_o beauty_n and_o odour_n i_o have_v remark_v of_o some_o that_o they_o smell_v only_o in_o the_o night_n by_o
have_v also_o other_o dignity_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o they_o contain_v but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o believe_v that_o these_o city_n have_v ever_o be_v so_o populous_a as_o the_o title_n of_o their_o governor_n import_n by_o reason_n as_o i_o have_v often_o allege_v that_o these_o people_n be_v very_o proud_a in_o title_n only_o the_o great_a title_n be_v give_v to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o big_a city_n and_o the_o least_o title_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n less_o inhabit_v thus_o the_o city_n of_o metac_a of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v at_o the_o beginning_n have_v a_o governor_n call_v pa-ya-tac_a and_o the_o word_n i_o which_o signify_v mother_n and_o which_o be_v join_v to_o tac_n seem_v to_o intimate_v that_o the_o city_n of_o metac_a be_v very_o great_a the_o city_n of_o porselouc_n have_v also_o a_o pa-ya_a tenasserim_n ligor_fw-la corazema_fw-la and_o other_o have_v still_o some_o ocya_a lesser_a city_n as_o pipeli_n and_o bancock_n have_v the_o oc-pra_a other_o have_v the_o oc-lovang_a or_o the_o oc-counnes_a and_o the_o least_o of_o all_o have_v the_o oc-meving_a the_o portuguese_n have_v translate_v these_o title_n according_a to_o their_o fancy_n by_o those_o of_o king_n viceroy_n duke_n marquis_n earl_n etc._n etc._n they_o have_v give_v the_o title_n of_o kingdom_n to_o metac_n tenassarim_n porselouc_n ligor_fw-la and_o pipeli_n either_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o hereditary_a governor_n or_o for_o have_v be_v like_o pipeli_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n and_o to_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n they_o have_v give_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n because_o the_o spaniard_n have_v ever_o think_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o king_n that_o have_v other_o king_n for_o feudatary_n so_o that_o upon_o this_o single_a reason_n some_o king_n of_o castille_n have_v bear_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n give_v to_o their_o child_n the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o the_o several_a kingdom_n which_o be_v unite_v to_o their_o crown_n province_n the_o dignity_n of_o the_o siamese_n be_v not_o annex_v to_o the_o single_a government_n of_o city_n or_o province_n to_o return_v to_o the_o title_n of_o the_o siamese_n they_o be_v give_v not_o only_o to_o the_o governor_n but_o to_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n because_o that_o they_o be_v all_o nai_n and_o the_o same_o title_n be_v not_o always_o join_v to_o the_o same_o office_n the_o barcalon_n for_o example_n have_v sometime_o have_v that_o of_o pa-ya_a as_o some_o have_v inform_v i_o and_o now_o he_o have_v only_o that_o of_o ocya_a but_o if_o a_o man_n have_v two_o office_n he_o may_v have_v two_o different_a title_n in_o respect_n to_o his_o two_o office_n and_o it_o be_v not_o rare_a that_o one_o man_n have_v two_o office_n one_o in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o other_o in_o the_o province_n or_o rather_o one_o in_o title_n and_o the_o other_o by_o commission_n thus_o ocya_a prasedet_a who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o city_n of_o siam_n in_o title_n be_v now_o ocya_a barcalon_n by_o commission_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n find_v it_o his_o interest_n because_o that_o upon_o this_o account_n he_o give_v not_o to_o one_o officer_n a_o double_a salary_n relation_n the_o equivocation_n which_o this_o cause_n in_o relation_n but_o this_o multiplication_n of_o office_n on_o the_o same_o head_n cause_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o obscurity_n and_o equivocation_n in_o the_o ancient_a relation_n of_o siam_n because_o that_o when_o a_o man_n have_v two_o office_n he_o have_v two_o title_n and_o two_o name_n and_o when_o the_o relation_n import_v that_o such_o a_o ocya_a for_o example_n be_v concern_v in_o such_o a_o thing_n one_o be_v incline_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o relation_n have_v style_v this_o ocya_a by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o function_n which_o it_o attribute_n to_o he_o and_o frequent_o it_o have_v name_v he_o by_o the_o title_n of_o another_o office_n thus_o if_o a_o relation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n make_v by_o a_o siamese_n shall_v intimate_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o mayne_n be_v general_n of_o the_o swiss_n the_o siamese_n may_v groundless_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o every_o general_n of_o the_o swiss_n bear_v the_o title_n of_o duke_n of_o mayne_n and_o this_o be_v what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v touch_v the_o people_n of_o siam_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n in_o general_n mandarin_n the_o proper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n mandarin_n the_o portuguese_n have_v general_o call_v all_o the_o officer_n throughout_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o the_o east_n mandarin_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o they_o have_v form_v this_o word_n from_o that_o of_o mandar_fw-la which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v to_o command_v navarette_n who_o i_o have_v already_o cite_v be_v of_o this_o opinion_n and_o we_o may_v confirm_v it_o because_o that_o the_o arabian_a word_n emir_n which_o be_v use_v at_o the_o court_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n and_o in_o several_a other_o mahometan_a court_n of_o the_o indies_n to_o signify_v the_o officer_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o arabian_a verb_n amara_fw-la which_o signify_v to_o command_v the_o word_n mandarin_n extend_v also_o to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o principal_a officer_n which_o be_v consider_v as_o child_n of_o quality_n call_v mon_n in_o siamese_n but_o i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o the_o word_n mandarin_n only_o to_o signify_v the_o officer_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n therefore_o make_v no_o considerable_a mandarin_n mandarin_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n give_v name_n to_o the_o considerable_a mandarin_n but_o he_o give_v he_o a_o new_a name_n a_o custom_n establish_v also_o at_o china_n and_o in_o other_o state_n of_o the_o east_n this_o name_n be_v always_o a_o elogium_fw-la sometime_o it_o be_v purposely_o invent_v like_o that_o which_o he_o give_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o metelpolis_n and_o like_o those_o which_o he_o give_v to_o the_o foreigner_n that_o be_v at_o his_o court_n but_o oftentimes_o these_o name_n be_v ancient_a and_o know_v for_o have_v be_v former_o give_v to_o other_o and_o those_o be_v the_o most_o honourable_a which_o have_v be_v heretofore_o bear_v by_o person_n very_o high_o advance_v in_o dignity_n or_o by_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n and_o although_o such_o name_n be_v not_o always_o accompany_v with_o office_n and_o authority_n they_o cease_v not_o to_o be_v a_o great_a mark_n of_o favour_n it_o likewise_o happen_v that_o the_o same_o name_n be_v give_v to_o several_a person_n of_o different_a dignity_n so_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o one_o for_o example_n will_v call_v himself_o oc-pra_a pipitcharatcha_n and_o the_o other_o oc-counne_a pipitcharatcha_n these_o name_n of_o which_o the_o first_o word_n be_v only_o speak_v and_o which_o do_v every_o one_o make_v a_o period_n be_v take_v almost_o all_o entire_a out_o of_o the_o baly_n tongue_n and_o be_v not_o always_o well_o understand_v but_o this_o and_o the_o style_n of_o the_o law_n which_o participate_v very_o much_o of_o the_o baly_n and_o the_o book_n of_o religion_n which_o be_v baly_n be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n ought_v not_o to_o ignore_v this_o tongue_n forasmuch_o as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o say_v it_o lend_v all_o its_o ornament_n to_o the_o siamese_n and_o that_o oftentimes_o they_o do_v elegant_o intermix_v they_o either_o in_o speak_v or_o in_o writing_n the_o law_n of_o the_o state_n be_v that_o all_o office_n shall_v be_v hereditary_a hereditary_a all_o office_n be_v hereditary_a and_o the_o same_o law_n be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o laos_n and_o be_v ancient_o at_o china_n but_o the_o sell_n of_o office_n be_v not_o there_o permit_v and_o moreover_o the_o least_o fault_n of_o the_o patent_n or_o the_o capricious_a humour_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o dotage_n of_o the_o inheritor_n may_v take_v away_o the_o office_n from_o the_o family_n and_o when_o this_o happen_v it_o be_v always_o without_o recompense_n very_o few_o family_n do_v long_o maintain_v themselves_o therein_o especial_o in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o court_n which_o be_v more_o than_o the_o rest_n under_o the_o master_n power_n moreover_o no_o officer_n at_o siam_n have_v any_o salary_n the_o prince_n lodge_v they_o office_n the_o profit_n of_o the_o office_n which_o be_v no_o great_a matter_n and_o give_v they_o some_o moveable_n as_o box_n of_o glod_n or_o silver_n for_o betel_n some_o arm_n and_o a_o balloon_n some_o beast_n as_o elephant_n horse_n and_o buffalo_n some_o service_n slave_n and_o in_o fine_a some_o arable_a land_n all_o which_o return_v to_o the_o king_n with_o the_o office_n and_o which_o do_v principal_o make_v the_o king_n to_o be_v the_o heir_n of_o his_o officer_n but_o the_o principal_a gain_n of_o the_o office_n
this_o be_v thus_o practise_v in_o all_o the_o court_n of_o asia_n but_o it_o be_v not_o true_a neither_o at_o siam_n nor_o perhaps_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o east_n that_o the_o queen_n have_v any_o province_n to_o govern_v it_o be_v easy_a also_o to_o comprehend_v that_o if_o the_o king_n love_v any_o of_o his_o lady_n more_o than_o the_o rest_n he_o cause_v she_o to_o remove_v from_o the_o jealousy_n and_o harsh_a usage_n of_o the_o queen_n at_o siam_n they_o continual_o take_v lady_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o vang_z please_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n take_v the_o daughter_n of_o his_o subject_n for_o his_o palace_n when_o he_o please_v or_o to_o be_v concubine_n to_o the_o king_n if_o this_o prince_n make_v use_v thereof_o but_o the_o siamese_n deliver_v up_o their_o daughter_n only_o by_o force_n because_o it_o be_v never_o to_o see_v they_o again_o and_o they_o redeem_v they_o so_o long_o as_o they_o can_v for_o money_n so_o that_o this_o become_v a_o kind_n of_o extortion_n for_o they_o design_o take_v a_o great_a many_o virgin_n mere_o to_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o parent_n who_o redeem_v they_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v few_o mistress_n that_o be_v to_o say_v eight_o or_o ten_o in_o all_o ministress_n he_o have_v few_o ministress_n not_o out_o of_o continency_n but_o parsimony_n i_o have_v already_o declare_v that_o to_o have_v a_o great_a many_o wife_n be_v in_o this_o country_n rather_o magnificence_n than_o debauchery_n wherefore_o they_o be_v very_o much_o surprise_v to_o hear_v that_o so_o great_a a_o king_n as_o we_o have_v no_o more_o than_o one_o wife_n that_o he_o have_v no_o elephant_n and_o that_o his_o land_n bear_v no_o rice_n as_o we_o may_v be_v when_o it_o be_v tell_v we_o that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v no_o horse_n nor_o stand_a force_n and_o that_o his_o country_n bear_v no_o corn_n nor_o grape_n although_o all_o the_o relation_n do_v so_o high_o extol_v the_o riches_n and_o power_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n the_o queen_n have_v her_o elephant_n and_o her_o balon_n house_n the_o queen_n house_n and_o some_o officer_n to_o take_v care_n of_o she_o and_o accompany_v she_o when_o she_o go_v abroad_o but_o none_o but_o her_o woman_n and_o eunuch_n do_v see_v she_o she_o be_v conceal_v from_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n and_o when_o she_o go_v out_o either_o on_o a_o elephant_n or_o in_o a_o balloon_n it_o be_v in_o a_o chair_n make_v up_o with_o curtain_n which_o permit_v she_o to_o see_v what_o she_o please_v and_o do_v prevent_v she_o be_v see_v and_o respect_v command_n that_o if_o they_o can_v avoid_v she_o they_o shall_v turn_v their_o back_n to_o she_o by_o prostrate_v themselves_o when_o she_o pass_v along_o beside_o this_o she_o have_v her_o magazine_n her_o ship_n and_o her_o treasure_n ship_n her_o magazine_n and_o her_o ship_n she_o exercise_v commerce_n and_o when_o we_o arrive_v in_o this_o country_n the_o princess_n who_o i_o have_v report_v to_o be_v treat_v like_o a_o queen_n be_v exceed_o embroil_v with_o the_o king_n her_o father_n because_o that_o he_o reserve_v to_o himself_o alone_o almost_o all_o the_o foreign_a trade_n and_o that_o thereby_o she_o find_v herself_o deprive_v thereof_o contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n daughter_n succeed_v not_o to_o the_o crown_n they_o be_v hardly_o look_v upon_o as_o free_v uncertain_a of_o the_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o cause_n which_o render_v it_o uncertain_a it_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o queen_n that_o ought_v always_o to_o succeed_v by_o the_o law_n nevertheless_o because_o that_o the_o siamese_n can_v hardly_o conceive_v that_o among_o prince_n of_o near_a the_o same_o rank_n the_o most_o aged_a shall_v prostrate_v himself_o before_o the_o young_a it_o frequent_o happen_v that_o among_o brethren_n though_o they_o be_v not_o all_o son_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o that_o among_o uncle_n and_o nephew_n the_o most_o advance_a in_o age_n be_v prefer_v or_o rather_o it_o be_v force_v which_o always_o decide_v it_o the_o king_n themselves_o contribute_v to_o render_v the_o royal_a succession_n uncertain_a because_o that_o instead_o of_o choose_v for_o their_o successor_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o queen_n they_o most_o frequent_o follow_v the_o inclination_n which_o they_o have_v for_o the_o son_n of_o some_o one_o of_o their_o concubine_n with_o who_o they_o be_v enamour_a bantam_n the_o occasion_n which_o tender_v the_o hollander_n master_n of_o bantam_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o king_n of_o bantam_n for_o example_n have_v lose_v his_o crown_n and_o his_o liberty_n he_o endeavour_v to_o get_v one_o of_o his_o son_n who_o he_o have_v by_o one_o of_o his_o concubine_n to_o be_v acknowledge_v for_o his_o successor_n before_o his_o death_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n which_o he_o have_v by_o the_o queen_n put_v himself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o hollander_n they_o set_v he_o upon_o the_o throne_n after_o have_v vanquish_v his_o father_n who_o they_o still_o keep_v in_o prison_n if_o he_o be_v not_o dead_a but_o for_o the_o reward_n of_o this_o service_n they_o remain_v master_n of_o the_o port_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a commerce_n of_o bantam_n china_n of_o the_o succession_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n the_o succession_n be_v not_o better_o regulate_v at_o china_n though_o there_o be_v a_o express_a and_o very_a ancient_a law_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o queen_n but_o what_o rule_n can_v there_o be_v in_o a_o thing_n how_o important_a soever_o it_o be_v when_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o king_n do_v always_o seek_v to_o imbroil_v it_o all_o the_o oriental_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o a_o governor_n adhere_v most_o to_o the_o royal_a family_n and_o not_o to_o a_o certain_a prince_n of_o the_o royal_a family_n uncertain_a in_o the_o sole_a thing_n wherein_o all_o the_o european_n be_v not_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n we_o vary_v every_o day_n and_o they_o never_o do_v always_o the_o same_o manner_n among_o they_o always_o the_o same_o law_n the_o same_o religion_n the_o same_o worship_n as_o may_v be_v judge_v by_o compare_v what_o the_o ancient_n have_v write_v concern_v the_o indian_n with_o what_o we_o do_v now_o see_v wardrobe_n of_o the_o king_n of_o siams_n wardrobe_n i_o have_v say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o woman_n of_o the_o palace_n which_o dress_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n but_o they_o have_v no_o charge_n of_o his_o wardrobe_n he_o have_v officer_n on_o purpose_n the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o be_v he_o that_o touch_v his_o bonnet_n although_o he_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o put_v it_o upon_o the_o head_n of_o the_o king_n his_o master_n it_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n of_o camboya_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n boast_v in_o be_v thence_o descend_v not_o be_v able_a to_o vaunt_v in_o be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o king_n his_o predecessor_n the_o title_n of_o this_o master_n of_o the_o wardrobe_n be_v ocya_a out_o haya_n tan_v which_o sufficient_o evince_v that_o the_o title_n of_o pa-ya_a do_v not_o signify_v prince_n see_v that_o this_o prince_n wear_v it_o not_o under_o he_o oc-pra_a rayja_n vounsa_n have_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o clothes_n rayja_n or_o raja_n or_o ragi_n or_o ratcha_n be_v only_o a_o indian_a term_n various_o pronounce_v which_o signify_v king_n or_o royal_a and_o which_o enter_v into_o the_o composition_n of_o several_a name_n among_o the_o indian_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o court_n of_o siam_n and_o of_o the_o policy_n of_o its_o king_n council_n the_o hour_n of_o council_n the_o common_a usage_n of_o the_o court_n of_o siam_n be_v to_o hold_v a_o council_n twice_o a_o day_n about_o ten_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n and_o about_o ten_o in_o the_o evening_n reckon_v the_o hour_n after_o our_o fashion_n siamese_n the_o division_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n according_a to_o the_o siamese_n as_o for_o they_o they_o divide_v the_o day_n into_o twelve_o hour_n from_o the_o morning_n to_o the_o night_n the_o hour_n they_o call_v among_o they_o reckon_v they_o like_o we_o and_o give_v they_o not_o a_o particular_a name_n to_o each_o as_o the_o chineses_n do_v as_o for_o the_o night_n they_o divide_v it_o into_o four_o watch_n which_o they_o call_v tgiam_fw-la and_o it_o be_v always_o broad_a day_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o four_o the_o latin_n greek_n jew_n and_o other_o people_n have_v divide_v the_o day_n and_o night_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n clock_n their_o clock_n the_o people_n of_o siam_n have_v no_o clock_n but_o as_o the_o day_n be_v almost_o equal_a there_o all_o the_o year_n it_o be_v easy_a for_o they_o to_o know_v what_o hour_n it_o be_v by_o
indian_n have_v add_v to_o these_o error_n the_o indian_n do_v now_o believe_v like_o the_o ancient_a chineses_n some_o soul_n as_o well_o good_a as_o bad_a diffuse_v every_o where_o to_o which_o they_o have_v distribute_v the_o divine_a omnipotence_n and_o there_o be_v yet_o find_v some_o remains_o of_o this_o very_a opinion_n among_o the_o indian_n which_o have_v embrace_v mahumetanism_n but_o by_o a_o new_a error_n the_o pagan_n of_o the_o indies_n have_v think_v all_o these_o soul_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o they_o have_v make_v they_o all_o to_o roll_v from_o one_o body_n to_o another_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o heaven_n of_o the_o ancient_a chineses_n have_v some_o air_n of_o divinity_n it_o be_v i_o think_v immortal_a and_o not_o subject_a to_o wax_v old_a and_o to_o die_v and_o to_o leave_v its_o place_n to_o a_o successor_n but_o in_o the_o indian_a doctrine_n of_o the_o metempsychosis_n the_o soul_n be_v fix_v no_o where_o and_o succeed_v one_o another_o every_o where_o they_o be_v not_o one_o better_a than_o another_o by_o their_o nature_n they_o be_v only_o design_v to_o high_a or_o low_a function_n in_o nature_n according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o their_o work_n china_n why_o the_o indian_n have_v consecrate_v no_o temple_n to_o the_o spirit_n not_o even_o to_o that_o of_o heaven_n the_o ancient_a chineses_n have_v divide_v the_o justice_n of_o god_n the_o justice_n of_o heaven_n be_v principal_o busy_v in_o punish_v the_o fault_n of_o the_o king_n of_o china_n thus_o the_o indian_n have_v consecrate_v no_o temple_n to_o the_o spirit_n not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o that_o of_o heaven_n because_o they_o believe_v they_o all_o soul_n like_o all_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v still_o in_o the_o course_n of_o transmigration_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o sin_n and_o in_o the_o torment_n of_o different_a sort_n of_o life_n and_o consequent_o unworthy_a of_o have_v altar_n but_o if_o the_o ancient_a chineses_n have_v as_o i_o may_v say_v reduce_v the_o providence_n and_o omnipotence_n of_o god_n into_o piece-meal_n they_o have_v not_o less_o divide_v his_o justice_n they_o assert_v that_o the_o spirit_n like_o conceal_a minister_n be_v principal_o busy_v in_o punish_v the_o hide_a fault_n of_o man_n that_o the_o spirit_n of_o heaven_n punish_v the_o fault_n of_o the_o king_n the_o minister_a spirit_n of_o heaven_n the_o fault_n of_o the_o king_n minister_n and_o so_o of_o other_o spirit_n in_o regard_n of_o other_o man_n on_o this_o foundation_n they_o say_v to_o their_o king_n that_o though_o he_o be_v the_o adoptive_a son_n of_o heaven_n yet_o the_o heaven_n will_v not_o have_v any_o regard_n to_o he_o by_o any_o sort_n of_o affliction_n but_o by_o the_o sole_a consideration_n of_o the_o good_a or_o evil_n that_o he_o shall_v do_v in_o the_o government_n of_o his_o kingdom_n they_o call_v the_o chinese_n empire_n the_o celestial_a command_n because_o say_v they_o a_o king_n of_o china_n ought_v to_o govern_v his_o state_n as_o heaven_n govern_v nature_n and_o that_o it_o be_v to_o heaven_n that_o he_o ought_v to_o seek_v the_o science_n of_o govern_v they_o acknowledge_v that_o not_o only_o the_o art_n of_o ruling_n be_v a_o present_a from_o heaven_n but_o that_o regality_n itself_o be_v give_v by_o heaven_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o present_a difficult_a to_o keep_v because_o that_o they_o suppose_v that_o king_n can_v not_o maintain_v themselves_o on_o the_o throne_n without_o the_o savour_n of_o heaven_n nor_o please_v heaven_n but_o by_o virtue_n subject_n how_o they_o believe_v their_o king_n responsable_a to_o heaven_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o subject_n they_o carry_v this_o doctrine_n so_o far_o that_o they_o pretend_v that_o the_o sole_a virtue_n of_o king_n may_v render_v their_o subject_n virtuous_a and_o that_o thereby_o the_o king_n be_v first_o responsible_a to_o heaven_n for_o the_o wicked_a manner_n of_o their_o kingdom_n the_o virtue_n of_o king_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o art_n of_o ruling_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o china_n be_v in_o their_o opinion_n a_o donative_n from_o heaven_n which_o they_o call_v celestial_a reason_n or_o reason_n give_v by_o heaven_n and_o like_a to_o that_o of_o heaven_n the_o virtue_n of_o subject_n according_a to_o they_o the_o regard_v of_o the_o citizen_n as_o well_o from_o one_o to_o another_o as_o from_o all_o towards_o their_o prince_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o china_n be_v the_o work_n of_o good_a king_n it_o be_v a_o small_a matter_n say_v they_o to_o punish_v crime_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o a_o king_n prevent_v they_o by_o his_o virtue_n they_o extol_v one_o of_o their_o king_n for_o have_v reign_v twenty_o two_o year_n the_o people_n not_o perceive_v that_o be_v to_o say_v not_o feel_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o royal_a authority_n no_o more_o than_o the_o force_n which_o move_v nature_n and_o which_o they_o attribute_v to_o heaven_n they_o report_v then_o that_o for_o these_o twenty_o two_o year_n there_o be_v not_o one_o single_a process_n in_o all_o china_n nor_o one_o single_a execution_n of_o justice_n a_o wonder_n which_o they_o call_v to_o govern_v imperceptable_o like_o the_o heaven_n and_o which_o alone_o may_v cause_v a_o doubt_n of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o their_o history_n another_o of_o their_o king_n meeting_n as_o they_o say_v a_o criminal_a which_o be_v lead_v to_o punishment_n take_v it_o upon_o himself_o for_o that_o under_o his_o reign_n he_o commit_v crime_n worthy_a of_o death_n and_o another_o see_a china_n afflict_v with_o sterility_n for_o seven_o year_n condemn_v himself_o if_o their_o history_n may_v be_v credit_v to_o bear_v the_o crime_n of_o his_o people_n as_o think_v himself_o only_o culpable_a and_o resolve_v to_o devote_v himself_o to_o death_n and_o to_o sacrifice_v himself_o to_o the_o spirit_n of_o heaven_n the_o revenger_n of_o the_o crime_n of_o king_n but_o their_o history_n add_v that_o heaven_n satisfy_v with_o the_o piety_n of_o that_o prince_n exempt_v he_o from_o that_o sacrifice_n and_o restore_v fertility_n to_o the_o land_n by_o a_o sudden_a and_o plentiful_a rain_n as_o the_o heaven_n therefore_o execute_v justice_n only_o upon_o the_o king_n and_o that_o it_o inflict_v it_o only_o upon_o the_o king_n for_o what_o it_o see_v punishable_a in_o the_o people_n the_o minister_n of_o heaven_n do_v execute_v justice_n on_o the_o secret_a fault_n which_o the_o king_n minister_n commit_v and_o all_o the_o officer_n which_o depend_v upon_o they_o and_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o other_o spirit_n do_v watch_v over_o the_o action_n of_o the_o man_n that_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n have_v a_o rank_n equal_a to_o that_o which_o these_o spirit_n do_v possess_v in_o the_o invincible_a monarchy_n of_o nature_n whereof_o the_o spirit_n of_o heaven_n be_v king_n beside_o this_o the_o natural_a honour_n which_o most_o man_n have_v of_o the_o dead_a parent_n the_o chineses_n fear_v their_o dead_a parent_n who_o they_o know_v very_o well_o in_o their_o life-time_n and_o the_o opinion_n which_o several_a have_v of_o have_v see_v they_o appear_v to_o they_o whether_o by_o a_o effect_n of_o this_o natural_a honour_n which_o represent_v they_o to_o they_o or_o by_o dream_n so_o lively_a that_o they_o resemble_v the_o truth_n do_v induce_v the_o ancient_a chineses_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o soul_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o they_o judge_v to_o be_v of_o very_o subtle_a matter_n please_v themselves_o in_o continue_v about_o their_o posterity_n and_o that_o they_o may_v though_o after_o their_o death_n chastise_v the_o fault_n of_o their_o child_n the_o chinese_n people_n still_o continue_v in_o these_o opinion_n of_o the_o temporal_a punishment_n and_o reward_n which_o come_v from_o the_o soul_n of_o heaven_n and_o from_o all_o the_o other_o soul_n though_o moreover_o for_o the_o great_a part_n they_o have_v embrace_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o metempsychosis_n unknown_a to_o their_o ancestor_n but_o by_o little_a and_o little_a the_o man_n of_o letter_n that_o be_v to_o say_v learning_n the_o impiety_n of_o the_o present_a chineses_n which_o be_v man_n of_o learning_n those_o that_o have_v some_o degree_n of_o literature_n and_o who_o alone_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o the_o government_n be_v become_v altogether_o impious_a and_o yet_o have_v alter_v nothing_o in_o the_o language_n of_o their_o predecessor_n have_v make_v of_o the_o soul_n of_o heaven_n and_o of_o all_o the_o other_o soul_n i_o know_v not_o what_o aerial_a substance_n vuprovided_a of_o intelligence_n and_o for_o the_o judge_n of_o our_o work_n they_o have_v establish_v a_o blind_a fatality_n which_o in_o their_o opinion_n make_v that_o which_o may_v exercise_v a_o omnipotent_a and_o illuminate_v justice_n how_o ancient_a this_o impiety_n be_v at_o china_n belong_v not_o to_o i_o to_o determine_v father_n de_fw-fr rhodes_n in_o his_o
a_o new_a historical_a relation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n by_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr loubere_fw-la envoy_n extraordinary_a from_o the_o french_z king_n to_z the_o king_n of_o siam_n in_o the_o year_n 1687_o and_o 1688._o wherein_o a_o full_a and_o curious_a account_n be_v give_v of_o the_o chinese_n way_n of_o arithmetic_n and_o mathematic_a learning_n in_o two_o tome_n illustrate_v with_o sculpture_n do_v out_o of_o french_a by_o a._n p._n gen._n r._n s.s._n london_n print_v by_o f._n l._n for_o tho._n horn_n at_o the_o royal_a exchange_n francis_n saunders_n at_o the_o new_a exchange_n and_o tho._n bennet_n at_o the_o half-moon_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n mdcxciii_o a_o table_n of_o the_o chapter_n the_o occasion_n and_o design_n of_o this_o work_n part_n i._o of_o the_o country_n of_o siam_n chap._n i._n it_o be_v geographical_a description_n page_n 3_o chap._n ii_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o geographical_a description_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n with_o a_o account_n of_o its_o metropolis_n page_z 6_o chap._n iii_o concern_v the_o history_n and_o origine_fw-la of_o the_o siamese_n page_z 8_o chap._n iv_o of_o the_o production_n of_o siam_n and_o first_o of_o the_o wood_n page_z 11_o chap._n v._o concern_v the_o mine_n of_o siam_n page_n 13_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o cultivated_a land_n and_o their_o fertility_n page_n 15_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o grain_n of_o siam_n page_n 17_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o husbandry_n and_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o season_n page_n 18_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o garden_n of_o the_o siamese_n and_o occasional_o of_o their_o liquor_n page_n 20_o part_n ii_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o siamese_n in_o general_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o habit_n and_o mien_n of_o the_o siamese_n page_n 25_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o siamese_n and_o of_o their_o architecture_n in_o public_a building_n page_n 29_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o furniture_n of_o the_o siamese_n page_n 34_o chap._n iv_o concern_v the_o table_n of_o the_o siamese_n page_n 35_o chap._n v._o concern_v the_o carriage_n and_o equipage_n of_o the_o siamese_n in_o general_n page_n 39_o chap._n vi_o concern_v the_o show_n and_o other_o diversion_n of_o the_o siamese_n page_n 44_o chap._n vii_o concern_v the_o marriage_n and_o divorce_n of_o the_o siamese_n page_n 51_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o education_n of_o the_o siamese_n child_n and_o first_o of_o their_o civility_n page_n 54_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o study_n of_o the_o siamese_n page_n 58_o chap._n x._o what_o the_o siamese_n do_v know_v in_o medicine_n and_o chemistry_n page_n 62_o chap._n xi_o what_o the_o siamese_n do_v know_v of_o the_o mathematics_n page_n 64_o chap._n xii_o concern_v music_n and_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o body_n page_n 68_o xiii_o of_o the_o art_n exercise_v by_o the_o siamese_n page_n 69_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o traffic_n among_o the_o siamese_n page_n 71_o chap._n xv._o a_o character_n of_o the_o siamese_n in_o general_n page_n 73_o part_n iii_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o siamese_n according_a to_o their_o several_a condition_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o several_a condition_n among_o the_o siamese_n page_n 77_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o siamese_n people_n page_n 78_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n in_o general_n page_n 80_o chap._n iv_o concern_v the_o office_n of_o judicatory_a page_n 82_o chap._n v._o of_o the_o judiciary_n stile_n or_o form_n of_o plead_v page_n 85_o chap._n vi_o the_o function_n of_o governor_n and_o judge_n in_o the_o metropolis_n page_n 88_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o state_n officer_n and_o particular_o of_o the_o tchacry_n calla-hom_o and_o of_o the_o general_n of_o the_o elephant_n page_n 89_o chap._n viii_o concern_v the_o art_n of_o war_n among_o the_o siamese_n and_o of_o their_o force_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n page_n 90_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o barcalon_n and_o of_o the_o revenue_n page_n 93_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o royal_a seal_n and_o of_o the_o maha_n oborat_n page_n 95_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o palace_n and_o of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n guard_n page_n 96_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o officer_n which_o near_o approach_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n person_n page_n 99_o chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o woman_n of_o the_o palace_n and_o of_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o wardrobe_n page_n 100_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o court_n of_o siam_n and_o of_o the_o policy_n of_o its_o king_n page_n 102_o chap._n xv._o concern_v the_o form_n of_o embassy_n at_o siam_n page_n 108_o chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o foreigner_n of_o different_a nation_n flee_v to_o and_o settle_v at_o siam_n page_n 112_o chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o talapoin_n and_o their_o convent_v page_n 113_o chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o election_n of_o the_o superior_a and_o of_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o talapoin_n and_o talapoiness_n page_n 118_o chap._n xix_o concern_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o talapoin_n page_n 119_o chap._n xx._n of_o the_o burial_n of_o the_o chinese_n and_o siamese_n page_n 122_o chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o indian_a moral_a law_n page_n 126_o chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o supreme_a felicity_n and_o extreme_a infelicity_n among_o the_o siamese_n page_n 129_o chap._n xxiii_o concern_v the_o origin_n of_o the_o talapoin_n and_o of_o their_o opinion_n page_n 130_o chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o fabulous_a story_n which_o the_o talapoin_n and_o their_o brethren_n have_v frame_v on_o their_o doctrine_n page_n 135_o chap._n xxv_o diverse_a observation_n to_o be_v make_v in_o preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o the_o oriental_n page_n 140_o a_o new_a historical_a relation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n the_o occasion_n and_o design_n of_o this_o work_n at_o my_o return_n from_o the_o voyage_n i_o make_v to_o siam_n work_n the_o occasion_n of_o this_o work_n in_o quality_n of_o his_o most_o christian_n majesty_n envoy_n extraordinary_a they_o who_o right_a it_o be_v to_o command_v require_v i_o to_o render_v they_o a_o exact_a account_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o i_o have_v see_v or_o learn_v in_o that_o country_n which_o will_v be_v the_o whole_a matter_n of_o this_o work_n other_o have_v sufficient_o inform_v the_o public_a of_o the_o circumstance_n of_o this_o long_a voyage_n but_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o description_n of_o a_o country_n we_o can_v have_v too_o many_o relation_n if_o we_o will_v perfect_o know_v it_o the_o last_o always_o illustrate_v the_o former_a but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v know_v from_o what_o time_n i_o write_v i_o shall_v declare_v only_o that_o we_o set_v sail_n from_o breast_n on_o the_o first_o of_o march_n anno_fw-la 1687._o that_o we_o cast_v anchor_n in_o the_o road_n of_o siam_n the_o 27_o of_o september_n in_o the_o same_o year_n that_o we_o depart_v thence_o for_o our_o return_n the_o 3d_o of_o january_n 1688._o and_o that_o we_o land_v at_o breast_n the_o 27_o of_o july_n follow_v my_o design_n be_v therefore_o to_o treat_v first_o of_o the_o country_n of_o siam_n its_o extent_n work_n the_o design_n of_o this_o work_n fertility_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o its_o soil_n and_o climate_n second_o i_o will_v explain_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o siamese_n in_o general_a and_o then_o their_o particular_a custom_n according_a to_o their_o various_a quality_n their_o government_n and_o religion_n shall_v be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o last_o part_n and_o i_o flatter_v myself_o that_o the_o far_o the_o reader_n shall_v advance_v in_o the_o perusal_n of_o this_o work_n the_o more_o he_o will_v find_v it_o worthy_a of_o curiosity_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o nature_n and_o genius_n of_o the_o siamese_n which_o i_o have_v every_o where_o endeavour_v to_o penetrate_v into_o will_v be_v discover_v more_o and_o more_o in_o fine_a not_o to_o stay_v on_o thing_n which_o will_v not_o please_v every_o one_o or_o which_o will_v interrupt_v my_o narrative_a too_o much_o i_o will_v at_o the_o end_n insert_v several_a memoir_n which_o i_o bring_v from_o this_o country_n and_o which_o i_o can_v suppress_v without_o injure_v the_o curiosity_n of_o the_o public_a but_o if_o notwithstanding_o this_o precaution_n i_o do_v yet_o enlarge_v on_o certain_a matter_n beyond_o the_o relish_n of_o some_o i_o entreat_v they_o to_o consider_v that_o general_a expression_n do_v never_o afford_v just_a idea_n and_o that_o this_o be_v to_o proceed_v no_o far_o than_o the_o superficial_a knowledge_n of_o thing_n it_o be_v out_o of_o this_o desire_n of_o make_v the_o siamese_n perfect_o know_v that_o i_o give_v several_a notice_n of_o the_o other_o kingdom_n of_o the_o indies_n and_o of_o china_n for_o though_o rigorous_o take_v all_o this_o may_v appear_v foreign_a to_o my_o subject_n yet_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o comparison_n of_o the_o thing_n of_o neighbour_a country_n with_o each_o
the_o city_n of_o merguy_a lie_n on_o the_o north-west_n point_v of_o a_o great_a and_o populous_a island_n which_o at_o the_o extremity_n of_o its_o course_n form_v a_o very_a excellent_a river_n which_o the_o european_n have_v call_v tenasserim_n from_o the_o name_n of_o a_o city_n seat_v on_o its_o bank_n about_o 15_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n this_o river_n come_v from_o the_o north_n and_o after_o have_v pass_v through_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ava_n and_o pegu_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o land_n under_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n jurisdiction_n it_o discharge_v itself_o by_o three_o channel_n into_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengal_n and_o form_n the_o island_n i_o have_v mention_v the_o port_n of_o merguy_a which_o some_o report_n to_o be_v the_o best_a in_o all_o india_n be_v between_o this_o isle_n and_o another_o that_o be_v inhabit_v and_o lie_v opposite_a and_o to_o the_o west_n of_o this_o wherein_o merguy_a be_v situate_v chap._n iii_o concern_v the_o history_n and_o origine_fw-la of_o the_o siamese_n history_n the_o siamese_n little_a curious_a of_o their_o history_n the_o siamese_n history_n be_v full_a of_o fable_n the_o book_n thereof_o be_v very_o scarce_o by_o reason_n the_o siamese_n have_v not_o the_o use_n of_o print_v for_o upon_o other_o account_n i_o doubt_v of_o the_o report_n that_o they_o affect_v to_o conceal_v their_o history_n see_v that_o the_o chinese_n who_o in_o many_o thing_n they_o imitate_v be_v not_o so_o jealous_a of_o they_o however_o that_o matter_n be_v notwithstanding_o this_o pretend_a jealousy_n of_o the_o siamese_n they_o who_o have_v attain_v to_o read_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o history_n of_o siam_n assert_v that_o it_o ascend_v not_o very_o high_a with_o any_o character_n of_o truth_n siamese_n the_o epocha_n of_o the_o siamese_n behold_v a_o very_a dry_a and_o insipid_a chronological_a abridgement_n which_o the_o siamese_n have_v give_v thereof_o but_o before_o we_o proceed_v it_o be_v necessary_a to_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o current_a year_n 1689_o begin_v it_o in_o the_o month_n of_o december_n 1688_o be_v the_o 2233_o of_o their_o aera_fw-la from_o which_o they_o date_n the_o epocha_n or_o beginning_n as_o they_o say_v from_o sommona-codom's_a death_n but_o i_o be_o persuade_v that_o this_o epocha_n have_v quite_o another_o foundation_n which_o i_o shall_v afterward_o explain_v king_n their_o king_n their_o first_o king_n be_v name_v pra_fw-la poat_n honne_v sourittep-pennaratui_a sonanne_n bopitra_fw-la the_o chief_a place_n where_o he_o keep_v his_o court_n be_v call_v tchai_n pap_n mahanacon_n the_o situation_n of_o which_o i_o ignore_v and_o he_o begin_v to_o reign_v an._n 1300._o compute_v after_o their_o epocha_n ten_o other_o king_n succeed_v he_o the_o last_o of_o which_o name_v ipoja_n sanne_z thora_n thesma_n teperat_v remove_v his_o royal_a seat_n to_o the_o city_n of_o tasco_n nacora_n lovang_n which_o he_o have_v build_v the_o situation_n of_o which_o be_v also_o unknown_a to_o i_o the_o twelve_o king_n after_o he_o who_o name_n be_v pra_fw-la poa_n noome_n thele_n seri_fw-la oblige_v all_o his_o people_n in_o 1731_o to_o follow_v he_o to_o locintai_n a_o city_n seat_v on_o a_o river_n which_o descend_v from_o the_o mountain_n of_o laos_n and_o run_v into_o the_o menam_fw-la a_o little_a above_o porselouc_n from_o which_o locontai_n be_v between_o 40_o and_o 50_o league_n distant_a but_o this_o prince_n reside_v not_o always_o at_o locontai_n for_o he_o come_v and_o build_v and_o inhabit_v the_o city_n of_o pipeli_n on_o a_o river_n the_o mouth_n of_o which_o be_v about_o two_o league_n to_o the_o west_n of_o the_o most_o occidental_a mouth_n of_o menam_n four_o other_o king_n succeed_v he_o of_o which_o rhamatilondi_n the_o last_o of_o the_o four_o begin_v to_o build_v the_o city_n of_o siam_n in_o 1894_o and_o there_o establish_v his_o court._n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o they_o allow_v to_o the_o city_n of_o siam_n the_o antiquity_n of_o 338_o year_n the_o king_n regent_n be_v the_o twenty_o five_o from_o rhamatilondi_n and_o this_o year_n 1689_o be_v the_o 56_o or_o 57_o year_n of_o his_o age_n thus_o do_v they_o reckon_v 52_o king_n in_o the_o space_n of_o 934_o year_n but_o not_o all_o of_o the_o same_o blood_n king_n the_o race_n of_o the_o present_a king_n mr._n gervaise_fw-fr in_o his_o natural_a and_o political_a history_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n give_v we_o the_o history_n of_o the_o now_o regent_n king_n father_n and_o van_n vliet_n give_v it_o we_o much_o more_o circumstanciate_v in_o his_o historical_a relation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n print_v at_o the_o end_n of_o sir_n thomas_n herbert_n travel_n into_o persia_n i_o refer_v the_o reader_n thither_o to_o see_v a_o example_n of_o the_o revolution_n which_o be_v common_a at_o siam_n for_o this_o king_n who_o be_v not_o of_o the_o royal_a race_n though_o vliet_n assert_v the_o contrary_a take_v away_o the_o sceptre_n and_o life_n of_o his_o natural_a lord_n and_o put_v to_o death_n all_o the_o prince_n of_o their_o blood_n except_o two_o which_o be_v alive_a when_o vliet_n write_v but_o of_o who_o i_o can_v not_o learn_v any_o news_n without_o all_o doubt_n this_o usurper_n put_v they_o to_o death_n like_o the_o rest_n and_o in_o truth_n john_n struys_n in_o the_o first_o tome_n of_o his_o voyage_n assert_n that_o this_o be_v the_o fate_n of_o the_o last_o of_o these_o two_o prince_n who_o be_v alive_a in_o the_o year_n 1650_o and_o be_v then_o 20_o year_n old_a the_o tyrant_n put_v he_o to_o death_n that_o very_a year_n with_o one_o of_o his_o sister_n upon_o a_o accusation_n notorious_o false_a but_o a_o remarkable_a circumstance_n of_o the_o history_n of_o his_o usurpation_n be_v that_o enter_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n into_o the_o palace_n he_o force_v the_o king_n to_o quit_v it_o and_o fly_v into_o a_o temple_n for_o refuge_n and_o have_v drag_v this_o unfortunate_a prince_n out_o of_o this_o temple_n and_o carry_v he_o back_o a_o prisoner_n to_o the_o palace_n he_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v declare_v unworthy_a of_o the_o crown_n and_o government_n for_o have_v desert_v the_o palace_n to_o this_o usurper_n who_o die_v in_o 1657_o after_o a_o reign_n of_o 30_o year_n succeed_v his_o brother_n because_o his_o son_n can_v not_o or_o dare_v not_o then_o to_o dispute_v the_o crown_n with_o he_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o secure_v his_o life_n he_o seek_v a_o sanctuary_n in_o a_o cloister_n and_o clothe_v himself_o with_o the_o inviolable_a habit_n of_o a_o talapoin_n but_o he_o afterward_o so_o politic_o take_v his_o measure_n that_o he_o dispossess_v his_o uncle_n who_o fly_v from_o the_o palace_n on_o his_o elephant_n be_v slay_v by_o a_o portuguese_a with_o a_o musket_n ferdinand_n mendez_n pinto_n relate_v that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n siam_n another_o example_n of_o the_o revolution_n of_o siam_n who_o reign_v in_o 1547_o and_o to_o who_o he_o give_v great_a praise_n be_v poison_v by_o the_o queen_n his_o wife_n at_o his_o return_n from_o a_o military_a expedition_n this_o princess_n deliberate_v thus_o to_o prevent_v the_o vengeance_n of_o her_o husband_n by_o reason_n that_o during_o his_o absence_n she_o have_v maintain_v a_o amorous_a commerce_n by_o which_o she_o prove_v with_o child_n and_o this_o author_n add_v that_o she_o soon_o after_o destroy_v the_o king_n she_o own_o son_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o have_v the_o credit_n to_o get_v the_o crown_n set_v upon_o her_o lover_n head_n the_o 11_o of_o november_n 1548._o but_o in_o january_n 1549_o they_o be_v both_o assassinate_v in_o a_o temple_n and_o a_o bastard_n prince_n the_o brother_n and_o uncle_n of_o the_o two_o last_o king_n be_v take_v out_o of_o a_o cloister_n to_o be_v advance_v on_o the_o throne_n the_o crown_n of_o asia_n be_v always_o instable_n and_o those_o of_o india_n china_n and_o japan_n much_o more_o than_o the_o other_o as_o for_o what_o concern_v the_o origine_fw-la of_o the_o siamese_n it_o will_v be_v difficult_a to_o judge_v whether_o they_o be_v only_o a_o single_a people_n siamese_n a_o doubt_v as_o to_o the_o origine_fw-la of_o the_o siamese_n direct_o descend_v from_o the_o first_o man_n that_o inhabit_v the_o country_n of_o siam_n or_o whether_o in_o process_n of_o time_n some_o other_o nation_n have_v not_o also_o settle_v there_o notwithstanding_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n the_o principal_a reason_n of_o this_o doubt_n proceed_v from_o the_o siamese_n understanding_n two_o language_n viz._n the_o vulgar_a which_o be_v a_o simple_a tongue_n siam_n two_o language_n at_o siam_n consist_v almost_o whole_o of_o monosyllable_n without_o conjugation_n or_o declension_n and_o another_o language_n which_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v of_o which_o to_o they_o be_v a_o dead_a tongue_n know_v only_o by_o the_o learned_a which_o be_v call_v the_o balie_n tongue_n and_o
since_o improve_v it_o from_o very_o plentiful_a mine_n and_o though_o not_o very_o skilful_a yet_o they_o cease_v not_o to_o get_v a_o considerable_a revenue_n by_o it_o this_o tin_n or_o calin_n as_o the_o portuguese_n report_n be_v sell_v through_o all_o india_n it_o be_v soft_a and_o base_o purify_v and_o a_o specimen_fw-la thereof_o be_v see_v in_o the_o common_a ten_o box_n or_o cannister_n which_o come_v from_o this_o country_n but_o to_o render_v it_o hard_o and_o white_a like_o that_o of_o the_o fine_a tea_n box_n they_o mix_v it_o with_o cadmia_n a_o sort_n of_o mineral_n easy_o reducible_a to_o powder_n which_o be_v melt_v with_o the_o copper_n make_v it_o yellow_a but_o it_o render_v both_o these_o metal_n more_o brittle_a and_o it_o be_v this_o white_a tin_n which_o they_o call_v tontinague_n this_o be_v what_o mr._n vincent_n relate_v on_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o mine_n of_o siam_n loadstone_n mine_n of_o loadstone_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o city_n of_o 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isle_n of_o sumatra_n do_v pass_v for_o the_o best_a of_o all_o as_o for_o the_o sabre_n a_o slave_n always_o carry_v it_o before_o his_o master_n on_o his_o right_a shoulder_n as_o we_o carry_v the_o musket_n on_o the_o left_a they_o have_v iron_n mine_n which_o they_o know_v how_o to_o melt_v iron_n iron_n and_o some_o have_v inform_v i_o that_o they_o have_v but_o little_a thereof_o beside_o they_o be_v bad_a forge-man_n for_o their_o galley_n they_o have_v only_o wooden_a anchor_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o these_o anchor_n may_v sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n they_o fasten_v stone_n unto_o they_o they_o have_v neither_o pin_n nor_o needle_n nor_o nail_n nor_o chisel_n nor_o saw_n they_o use_v not_o a_o nail_n in_o build_v their_o house_n although_o they_o be_v all_o of_o wood._n every_o one_o make_v pin_n of_o bambou_n even_o as_o our_o ancestor_n use_v thorn_n for_o this_o purpose_n to_o they_o there_o come_v padlock_n from_o japan_n some_o of_o iron_n which_o be_v good_a and_o other_o of_o copper_n which_o be_v very_o naught_o they_o do_v make_v very_o bad_a gunpowder_n the_o defect_n they_o say_v powder_n salt-petre_n and_o powder_n proceed_v from_o the_o salt-petre_n which_o they_o gather_v from_o their_o rock_n where_o it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o dung_n of_o batts_n animal_n which_o be_v exceed_o large_a and_o very_a plentiful_a throughout_o india_n but_o whether_o this_o salt-petre_n be_v good_a or_o bad_a the_o king_n of_o siam_n sell_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o it_o to_o stranger_n have_v describe_v the_o natural_a riches_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o forest_n of_o siam_n it_o will_v be_v proper_a in_o this_o place_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o elephant_n rhinoceros_n tiger_n and_o all_o other_o savage_a beast_n wherewith_o they_o be_v store_v yet_o see_v this_o matter_n have_v be_v sufficient_o explicate_v by_o a_o great_a many_o other_o i_o shall_v omit_v it_o to_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o inhabit_a and_o cultivate_v land_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o cultivated_a land_n and_o their_o fertility_n they_o be_v not_o stony_a it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o find_v a_o flint_n clayie_a the_o country_n of_o siam_n be_v clayie_a and_o this_o make_v i_o to_o believe_v of_o the_o country_n of_o siam_n what_o some_o have_v report_v of_o egypt_n that_o it_o have_v be_v gradual_o form_v of_o the_o clayish_a earth_n which_o the_o rain-water_n have_v carry_v down_o from_o the_o mountain_n before_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o menam_fw-la there_o be_v a_o bank_n of_o owse_n which_o in_o the_o sea-phrase_n be_v call_v the_o bar_n and_o which_o prohibit_v entrance_n to_o great_a ship_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o it_o will_v increase_v itself_o by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o will_v in_o time_n make_v a_o new_a shore_n to_o the_o firm_a land_n it_o be_v therefore_o this_o mud_n descend_v from_o the_o mountain_n siam_n the_o annual_a inundation_n fatten_v the_o land_n of_o siam_n that_o be_v the_o real_a cause_n of_o the_o fertility_n of_o siam_n 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only_o of_o a_o double_a cloth_n put_v into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o cup_n and_o cover_v over_o with_o this_o gum_n mix_v with_o a_o colour_n which_o we_o call_v lacca_n or_o chinese_n varnish_v as_o i_o have_v already_o declare_v these_o cup_n last_v not_o long_o when_o too_o hot_a liquor_n be_v put_v therein_o marin-govins_a the_o marin-govins_a to_o return_v to_o the_o infect_v which_o we_o have_v begin_v occasional_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o marin-govins_a be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o our_o gnat_n but_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o climate_n give_v they_o so_o much_o strength_n that_o chamois_n stocking_n defend_v not_o our_o leg_n against_o their_o sting_n nevertheless_o it_o seem_v possible_a to_o know_v how_o to_o deal_v with_o they_o for_o the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o european_n that_o have_v inhabit_v there_o for_o several_a year_n be_v not_o so_o mark_v with_o they_o as_o we_o be_v millepede_n the_o millepede_n the_o millepede_n or_o palmer_n be_v know_v at_o siam_n as_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o america_n this_o little_a reptile_n be_v so_o call_v because_o it_o have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o foot_n along_o its_o body_n all_o very_a short_a in_o proportion_n to_o its_o length_n which_o be_v about_o five_o or_o six_o inch_n what_o it_o have_v most_o singular_a beside_o the_o scale_n in_o form_n of_o ring_n which_o cover_v its_o body_n and_o which_o insert_v themselves_o one_o into_o the_o other_o in_o its_o motion_n be_v that_o it_o pinch_v equal_o with_o its_o head_n and_o tail_n but_o its_o sting_n though_o painful_a be_v not_o mortal_a a_o french_a man_n of_o that_o crew_n which_o go_v to_o siam_n with_o we_o and_o who_o we_o leave_v there_o in_o perfect_a health_n suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v sting_v in_o his_o bed_n above_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n without_o dare_v to_o lay_v hold_n on_o the_o worm_n to_o relieve_v himself_o the_o siamese_n report_n that_o the_o millepede_n have_v two_o head_n at_o the_o extremity_n of_o its_o body_n and_o that_o it_o guide_v itself_o six_o month_n in_o the_o year_n with_o the_o one_o and_o six_o month_n with_o the_o other_o natural_a the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o siamese_n in_o thing_n natural_a but_o their_o history_n of_o animal_n must_v not_o easy_o be_v credit_v they_o understand_v not_o body_n better_o than_o soul_n and_o in_o all_o matter_n their_o inclination_n be_v to_o imagine_v wonder_n and_o persuade_v themselves_o so_o much_o the_o more_o easy_o to_o believe_v they_o as_o they_o be_v more_o incredible_a what_o they_o report_v of_o a_o sort_n of_o lizard_n name_v toc-quay_a proceed_v from_o a_o ignorance_n and_o credulity_n very_o singular_a they_o imagine_v that_o this_o animal_n feel_v his_o liver_n grow_v too_o big_a make_v the_o cry_n which_o have_v impose_v on_o he_o the_o name_n of_o toc-quay_a to_o call_v another_o insect_n to_o its_o succour_n and_o that_o this_o other_o insect_n enter_v into_o his_o body_n at_o his_o mouth_n eat_v the_o overplus_n of_o the_o liver_n and_o after_o this_o repast_n retire_v out_o of_o the_o toc-quay's_a body_n by_o the_o same_o way_n that_o he_o enter_v therein_o fly_n shine_v fly_n the_o shine_a fly_n like_o locust_n have_v four_o wing_n which_o do_v all_o appear_v when_o the_o fly_n take_v a_o flight_n but_o the_o two_o thin_a of_o they_o be_v conceal_v under_o the_o strong_a when_o the_o fly_n be_v at_o repose_n we_o hardly_o see_v these_o little_a animal_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o rainy_a time_n be_v past_a when_o we_o land_v the_o north-wind_n which_o begin_v when_o the_o rain_n cease_v either_o kill_v they_o or_o drive_v they_o all_o away_o they_o have_v some_o light_n in_o their_o eye_n but_o their_o great_a splendour_n proceed_v from_o under_o their_o wing_n and_o glitter_v only_o in_o the_o air_n when_o the_o wing_n be_v display_v what_o some_o report_n therefore_o be_v not_o true_a that_o they_o may_v be_v use_v in_o the_o night_n instead_o of_o candle_n for_o though_o they_o have_v light_a 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low_a lip_n a_o small_a porcelain_n or_o china_n cup_n wherein_o be_v their_o portion_n of_o rice_n and_o hold_v it_o steady_a with_o their_o left_a hand_n they_o strike_v the_o rice_n into_o their_o mouth_n with_o the_o two_o stick_n which_o they_o hold_v in_o their_o right_a hand_n the_o levantine_n or_o eastern_a people_n milk_n or_o in_o milk_n do_v sometime_o boil_v rice_n with_o flesh_n and_o pepper_n and_o then_o put_v some_o saffron_n thereunto_o and_o this_o dish_n they_o call_v pilau_n this_o be_v not_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o siamese_n but_o general_o they_o boil_v the_o rice_n in_o clear_a water_n as_o i_o have_v say_v and_o sometime_o they_o boil_v it_o with_o milk_n as_o we_o do_v on_o fast_v day_n at_o siam_n in_o the_o land_n high_a enough_o to_o avoid_v the_o inundation_n wheat_n wheat_n there_o grow_v wheat_n they_o water_v they_o either_o with_o water_v pot_n like_o those_o in_o our_o garden_n or_o by_o overflow_a it_o with_o the_o rain-water_n which_o they_o 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window_n or_o a_o terrace_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n neither_o his_o subject_n nor_o stranger_n do_v ever_o see_v he_o on_o foot_n this_o honour_n be_v only_o reserve_v for_o his_o wife_n and_o eunuch_n when_o he_o be_v lock_v up_o within_o his_o palace_n sedan_n their_o sedan_n their_o chair_n or_o sedan_n be_v not_o like_o we_o they_o be_v square_a and_o flat_a seat_n more_o or_o less_o elevate_v which_o they_o place_n and_o fix_v on_o buyer_n four_o or_o eight_o man_n for_o the_o dignity_n herein_o consist_v in_o the_o number_n do_v carry_v they_o on_o their_o naked_a shoulder_n one_o or_o two_o to_o each_o staff_n and_o other_o man_n relieve_v these_o sometime_o these_o seat_n have_v a_o back_n and_o arm_n like_o our_o chair_n of_o state_n and_o sometime_o they_o be_v simple_o compass_v except_o before_o with_o a_o small_a ballister_n about_o half_a a_o foot_n high_a but_o the_o siamese_n do_v always_o place_v themselves_o cross-legged_a sometime_o these_o seat_n be_v open_a 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in_o its_o due_a place_n beside_o this_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o chirole_n be_v gild_v on_o the_o outside_n the_o breadth_n of_o three_o or_o four_o inch_n and_o some_o pretend_v that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o fashion_n of_o these_o gilding_n which_o be_v not_o plain_a but_o like_o embroidery_n that_o the_o mark_n of_o the_o mandarin_n dignity_n be_v there_o be_v also_o some_o chirole_n cover_v with_o stuff_n but_o they_o serve_v not_o for_o many_o weather_n he_o that_o command_v the_o equipage_n sometime_o cudgel_n but_o very_o rare_o those_o which_o row_v soft_o and_o out_o of_o measure_n place_n himself_o cross-legged_a before_o the_o mandarins_n seat_n on_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o table_n on_o which_o the_o seat_n be_v fix_v but_o if_o the_o
more_o uncertain_a but_o what_o they_o account_v most_o difficult_a be_v to_o get_v upon_o this_o wire_n by_o the_o part_n of_o that_o same_o wire_n which_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o to_o descend_v thence_o by_o one_o of_o the_o bambov'_v which_o be_v place_v like_o a_o st._n andrew_n cross_n to_o support_v it_o as_o also_o to_o sit_v on_o the_o wire_n cross-legged_a to_o hold_v there_o one_o of_o those_o band_n which_o serve_v they_o as_o a_o table_n to_o eat_v on_o it_o and_o to_o raise_v themselves_o on_o their_o foot_n they_o cease_v not_o likewise_o to_o ascend_v and_o dance_v upon_o a_o extend_a rope_n but_o without_o a_o counterpoise_n and_o with_o babouche_n or_o slipper_n on_o their_o foot_n and_o with_o sabres_fw-es and_o bucket_n of_o water_n fasten_v to_o their_o leg_n there_o be_v such_o who_o plant_v a_o very_a high_a ladder_n in_o the_o ground_n the_o two_o side_n of_o which_o be_v of_o bambou_n and_o the_o step_n of_o sabres_fw-es the_o edge_n of_o which_o be_v turn_v upward_o he_o go_v to_o the_o top_n of_o this_o ladder_n and_o stand_v and_o dance_v without_o any_o support_n on_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o sabre_n which_o make_v the_o last_o step_n thereof_o whilst_o the_o ladder_n have_v more_o motion_n than_o a_o tree_n shake_v by_o the_o wind_n then_o he_o descend_v head_n foremost_a and_o pass_v nimble_o wind_v between_o all_o the_o sabres_fw-es i_o see_v he_o descend_v but_o observe_v not_o when_o he_o be_v on_o the_o high_a sabre_n and_o i_o go_v not_o to_o examine_v whether_o the_o step_n be_v sabres_fw-es not_o reckon_v that_o the_o sabres_fw-es can_v be_v keen_a except_o perhaps_o the_o low_a because_o they_o be_v most_o expose_v to_o view_v i_o omit_v the_o rest_n of_o this_o matter_n as_o little_a important_a and_o because_o i_o have_v not_o sufficient_o observe_v it_o to_o support_v it_o with_o my_o testimony_n serpent_n tame_n serpent_n the_o emperor_n galba_n be_v in_o his_o praetorship_n exhibit_v to_o the_o roman_a people_n the_o sight_n of_o some_o elephant_n dance_v upon_o rope_n the_o elephant_n of_o siam_n be_v not_o so_o experience_v and_o the_o only_a animal_n that_o i_o know_v the_o siamese_n instruct_v be_v great_a serpent_n which_o they_o say_v be_v very_o dangerous_a these_o animal_n do_v move_v themselves_o at_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o instrument_n as_o if_o they_o will_v dance_v but_o this_o pass_v for_o magic_n because_o that_o always_o in_o that_o country_n as_o oftentimes_o in_o this_o those_o who_o have_v some_o extraordinary_a artifice_n do_v pretend_v that_o it_o consist_v in_o some_o mysterious_a word_n palace_n religious_a show_n a_o illumination_n on_o the_o water_n and_o another_o on_o the_o land_n and_o in_o the_o palace_n the_o siamese_n have_v also_o some_o religious_a show_n when_o the_o water_n begin_v to_o retreat_n the_o people_n return_v they_o thanks_o for_o several_a night_n together_o with_o a_o great_a illumination_n not_o only_o for_o that_o they_o be_v retire_v but_o for_o the_o fertility_n which_o they_o render_v to_o the_o land_n the_o whole_a river_n be_v then_o see_v cover_v with_o float_a lantern_n which_o pass_v with_o it_o there_o be_v of_o different_a size_n according_a to_o the_o devotion_n of_o every_o particular_a person_n the_o various_o paint_a paper_n whereof_o they_o be_v make_v augment_v the_o agreeable_a effect_n of_o so_o many_o light_n moreover_o to_o thank_v the_o earth_n for_o the_o harvest_n they_o do_v on_o the_o first_o day_n of_o their_o year_n make_v another_o magnificent_a illumination_n the_o first_o time_n we_o arrive_v at_o louvo_n be_v in_o the_o night_n and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o illumination_n and_o we_o see_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n adorn_v with_o light_a lantern_n at_o equal_a distance_n but_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o palace_n be_v much_o more_o pleasant_a to_o behold_v in_o the_o wall_n which_o do_v make_v the_o enclosure_n of_o the_o court_n there_o be_v contrive_v three_o row_n of_o small_a niche_n all_o round_a in_o every_o of_o which_o burn_v a_o lamp_n the_o window_n and_o door_n be_v likewise_o all_o adorn_v with_o several_a fire_n and_o several_a great_a and_o small_a lantern_n of_o different_a figure_n garnish_v with_o paper_n or_o canvas_n and_o different_o paint_v be_v hang_v up_o with_o a_o agreeable_a symmetry_n on_o the_o branch_n of_o tree_n or_o on_o post_n firework_n excellent_a artificial_a firework_n i_o see_v no_o firework_n in_o which_o nevertheless_o the_o chineses_n of_o siam_n do_v excel_v and_o they_o make_v some_o very_a curious_a during_o our_o residence_n at_o siam_n and_o louvo_n at_o china_n there_o be_v also_o make_v a_o solemn_a illumination_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o year_n and_o at_o another_o time_n another_o great_a festival_n on_o the_o water_n without_o any_o illumination_n the_o chineses_n agree_v not_o in_o the_o reason_n they_o give_v thereof_o but_o they_o give_v none_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o religion_n and_o those_o which_o they_o give_v be_v puerile_a and_o fabulous_a we_o must_v not_o omit_v the_o paper-kite_n in_o siamese_n vao_n paper-kite_n a_o paper-kite_n the_o amusement_n of_o all_o the_o court_n of_o the_o indies_n in_o winter_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o religion_n or_o not_o but_o the_o great_a mogul_n who_o be_v a_o mahometan_a and_o not_o a_o idolater_n delight_v himself_o also_o therein_o sometime_o they_o fasten_v fire_n thereunto_o which_o in_o the_o air_n appear_v like_o a_o planet_n and_o sometime_o they_o do_v there_o put_v a_o piece_n of_o gold_n which_o be_v for_o he_o that_o find_v the_o kite_n in_o case_n the_o string_n break_v or_o that_o the_o kite_n fall_v so_o far_o distant_a that_o it_o can_v be_v draw_v back_o again_o that_o of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n be_v in_o the_o air_n every_o night_n for_o the_o two_o winter-month_n and_o some_o mandarin_n be_v nominate_v to_o ease_v one_o another_o in_o hold_v the_o string_n the_o siamese_n have_v three_o sort_n of_o stage-play_n siamese_n three_o sort_n of_o stage-play_n among_o the_o siamese_n that_o which_o they_o call_v cone_n be_v a_o figure-dance_a to_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o violin_n and_o some_o other_o instrument_n the_o dancer_n be_v mask_v and_o arm_v and_o represent_v rather_o a_o combat_n than_o a_o dance_n and_o though_o every_o one_o run_v into_o high_a motion_n and_o extravagant_a posture_n they_o cease_v not_o continual_o to_o intermix_v some_o word_n most_o of_o their_o mask_n be_v hideous_a and_o represent_v either_o monstrous_a beast_n or_o kind_n of_o devil_n the_o show_n which_o they_o call_v lacone_n be_v a_o poem_n intermix_v with_o epic_a and_o dramatic_a which_o last_v three_o day_n from_o eight_o in_o the_o morning_n till_o seven_o at_o night_n they_o be_v history_n in_o verse_n serious_a and_o sing_v by_o several_a actor_n always_o present_a and_o which_o do_v only_o sing_v reciprocal_o one_o of_o they_o sing_v the_o historian_n part_n and_o the_o rest_n those_o of_o the_o personage_n which_o the_o history_n make_v to_o speak_v but_o they_o be_v all_o man_n that_o sing_v and_o no_o woman_n the_o rabam_fw-la be_v a_o double_a dance_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n which_o be_v not_o martial_a but_o gallant_a and_o they_o present_v unto_o we_o the_o diversion_n thereof_o with_o the_o other_o which_o i_o have_v before_o mention_v these_o dancer_n both_o man_n and_o woman_n have_v all_o false_a nail_n and_o very_o long_o one_o of_o copper_n they_o sing_v some_o word_n in_o their_o dance_n and_o they_o can_v perform_v it_o without_o much_o tire_v themselves_o because_o their_o way_n of_o dance_v be_v a_o simple_a march_n round_o very_o slow_a and_o without_o any_o high_a motion_n but_o with_o a_o great_a many_o slow_a contortion_n of_o the_o body_n and_o arm_n so_o they_o hold_v not_o one_o another_o mean_o while_o two_o man_n entertain_v the_o spectator_n with_o several_a foolery_n which_o the_o one_o utter_v in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o men-dancer_n and_o the_o other_o in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o women-dancer_n all_o these_o actor_n have_v nothing_o singular_a in_o their_o habit_n only_o those_o that_o dance_v in_o the_o rabam_fw-la and_o cone_n have_v gild_a paper-bonnet_n high_a and_o point_a like_o the_o mandarin_n cap_n of_o ceremony_n but_o which_o hang_v down_o at_o the_o side_n below_o their_o ear_n and_o which_o be_v adorn_v with_o counterfeit_a stone_n and_o with_o two_o pendant_n of_o gild_a wood_n the_o cone_n and_o the_o rabam_fw-la be_v always_o call_v at_o funeral_n and_o sometime_o on_o other_o occasion_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o these_o show_n contain_v nothing_o religious_a since_o the_o talapoin_n be_v prohibit_v to_o be_v present_a thereat_o the_o lacone_n serve_v principal_o to_o solemnize_v the_o feast_n of_o the_o dedication_n of_o a_o new_a temple_n when_o a_o new_a statue_n of_o
great_a wife_n and_o then_o for_o her_o child_n who_o inherit_v from_o their_o parent_n by_o equal_a portion_n the_o little_a wife_n and_o their_o child_n may_v be_v sell_v by_o the_o heir_n and_o they_o have_v only_o what_o the_o heir_n give_v they_o or_o what_o the_o father_n before_o his_o death_n have_v give_v they_o from_o hand_n to_o hand_n for_o the_o siamese_n know_v not_o the_o use_n of_o wi_n the_o daughter_n be_v bear_v of_o the_o little_a wife_n be_v sell_v to_o be_v themselves_o little_a wife_n and_o the_o most_o powerful_a purchase_v the_o handsome_a without_o have_v any_o regard_n to_o the_o parent_n from_o who_o they_o descend_v do_v after_o this_o manner_n make_v very_o unequal_a alliance_n and_o those_o with_o who_o they_o make_v they_o do_v not_o thereby_o acquire_v any_o more_o honour_n or_o protection_n siamese_n wherein_o consist_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o siamese_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o siamese_n consist_v chief_o in_o movable_n if_o they_o have_v land_n they_o have_v not_o much_o by_o reason_n they_o can_v obtain_v the_o full_a property_n thereof_o it_o belong_v always_o to_o their_o king_n who_o at_o his_o pleasure_n take_v away_o the_o land_n which_o he_o have_v sell_v to_o particular_a person_n and_o who_o frequent_o take_v they_o again_o without_o return_v the_o value_n nevertheless_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n be_v that_o land_n shall_v be_v hereditary_a in_o family_n and_o that_o particular_a person_n may_v sell_v they_o one_o to_o another_o but_o this_o prince_n have_v regard_n only_o to_o this_o law_n as_o far_o as_o it_o suit_v he_o because_o it_o can_v prejudice_v his_o demesne_n which_o general_o extend_v over_o all_o that_o his_o subject_n possess_v this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o they_o get_v as_o few_o immovables_n as_o they_o can_v and_o that_o they_o always_o endeavour_v to_o conceal_v their_o movable_n from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o king_n and_o because_o that_o diamond_n be_v movable_n the_o most_o easy_a to_o hide_v and_o transport_v they_o be_v mighty_o seek_v after_o at_o siam_n and_o in_o all_o india_n and_o they_o sell_v they_o very_o dear_a sometime_o the_o indian_a lord_n do_v at_o their_o death_n give_v part_n of_o their_o estate_n to_o the_o king_n their_o master_n to_o secure_v the_o rest_n to_o their_o family_n and_o this_o general_o succeed_v the_o family_n be_v almost_o all_o happy_a at_o siam_n divorce_n a_o divorce_n as_o may_v be_v judge_v by_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o wife_n in_o nourish_v their_o husband_n whilst_o he_o serve_v the_o king_n a_o service_n which_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o oppression_n last_v not_o only_o six_o month_n in_o a_o year_n but_o sometime_o one_o two_o and_o three_o year_n together_o but_o when_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n can_v support_v one_o another_o they_o have_v the_o remedy_n of_o divorce_n it_o be_v true_a that_o it_o be_v in_o practice_n only_o among_o the_o populace_n the_o rich_a who_o have_v several_a wife_n do_v equal_o keep_v those_o they_o love_v not_o and_o those_o they_o love_v the_o husband_n be_v natural_o the_o master_n of_o the_o divorce_n thereof_o what_o be_v the_o law_n thereof_o but_o he_o never_o refuse_v it_o to_o his_o wife_n when_o she_o absolute_o desire_v it_o he_o restore_v her_o portion_n to_o she_o and_o their_o child_n be_v divide_v among_o they_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o mother_n have_v the_o first_o the_o three_o the_o five_o and_o so_o all_o the_o odd_a one_o the_o father_n have_v the_o second_o four_o six_o and_o all_o the_o even_a one_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o if_o there_o be_v no_o more_o than_o one_o child_n it_o be_v for_o the_o mother_n and_o that_o if_o the_o number_n of_o child_n be_v unequal_a the_o mother_n have_v one_o more_o whether_o that_o they_o judge_v the_o mother_n will_v take_v more_o care_n thereof_o than_o the_o father_n or_o that_o have_v bear_v they_o in_o her_o womb_n or_o nourish_v they_o with_o her_o milk_n she_o seem_v to_o have_v a_o great_a right_o therein_o than_o the_o father_n or_o that_o be_v weak_a she_o have_v more_o need_n of_o the_o succour_n of_o her_o child_n than_o he_o after_o the_o divorce_n consequence_n and_o the_o consequence_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n to_o marry_v again_o with_o who_o they_o please_v and_o it_o be_v free_a for_o the_o woman_n to_o do_v it_o in_o the_o very_a day_n of_o the_o divorce_n they_o not_o trouble_v themselves_o with_o the_o doubt_n that_o may_v thence_o arise_v touch_v the_o father_n of_o the_o first_o child_n that_o may_v be_v bear_v after_o the_o second_o marriage_n they_o rely_v on_o what_o the_o wife_n say_v thereof_o a_o great_a sign_n of_o the_o little_a jealousy_n of_o this_o people_n but_o though_o the_o divorce_n be_v permit_v they_o yet_o they_o consider_v it_o as_o a_o very_a great_a evil_n and_o as_o the_o almost_o certain_a ruin_n of_o the_o child_n which_o be_v ordinary_o very_o ill_o treat_v in_o the_o second_o marriage_n of_o their_o parent_n so_o that_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o cause_n assign_v why_o the_o country_n be_v not_o populous_a although_o the_o siamese_n be_v fruitful_a and_o do_v very_o frequent_o bring_v twin_n the_o power_n of_o the_o husband_n be_v despotical_a in_o his_o family_n power_n of_o the_o paternal_a power_n even_o to_o the_o sell_v his_o child_n and_o wife_n his_o principal_a wife_n except_v who_o he_o can_v only_o repudiate_v the_o widow_n inherit_v the_o power_n of_o their_o husband_n with_o this_o restriction_n that_o they_o can_v sell_v the_o child_n which_o they_o have_v of_o the_o even_a number_n if_o the_o father_n relation_n oppose_v it_o for_o the_o child_n dare_v not_o after_o the_o divorce_n the_o father_n and_o mother_n may_v each_o sell_v the_o child_n which_o fall_v to_o they_o by_o lot_n according_a to_o the_o division_n i_o have_v mention_v but_o the_o parent_n can_v kill_v their_o child_n nor_o the_o husband_n his_o wife_n by_o reason_n that_o in_o general_a all_o murder_n be_v prohibit_v at_o siam_n the_o love_n of_o free_a person_n be_v not_o ignominious_a at_o least_o among_o the_o populace_n conversation_n amorous_n conversation_n it_o be_v there_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o marriage_n and_o incontinency_n as_o a_o divorce_n nevertheless_o the_o parent_n do_v careful_o watch_v their_o daughter_n as_o i_o have_v say_v and_o child_n be_v not_o where_o permit_v to_o dispose_v of_o themselves_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o paternal_a power_n which_o be_v the_o most_o natural_a of_o all_o law_n moreover_o the_o siamese_n be_v natural_o too_o proud_a easy_o to_o give_v themselves_o to_o foreigner_n or_o at_o least_o to_o invite_v they_o the_o peguin_n which_o be_v at_o siam_n as_o be_v stranger_n themselves_o do_v more_o high_o esteem_v of_o foreigner_n and_o do_v pass_v for_o debauch_a person_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o those_o who_o understand_v not_o that_o they_o seek_v a_o husband_n thus_o they_o continue_v faithful_a until_o they_o be_v abandon_v and_o if_o they_o prove_v big_a with_o child_n they_o be_v not_o less_o esteem_v among_o those_o of_o their_o nation_n and_o they_o do_v even_o glory_n in_o have_v have_v a_o white_a man_n for_o a_o husband_n it_o may_v be_v also_o that_o they_o be_v of_o a_o more_o amorous_a complexion_n than_o the_o siamese_n they_o have_v at_o least_o more_o spirit_n and_o briskness_n it_o be_v a_o establish_a opinion_n in_o the_o indies_n that_o the_o people_n have_v more_o or_o less_o vigour_n and_o spirit_n according_a as_o they_o be_v near_o or_o remote_a from_o pegu._n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o education_n of_o the_o siamese_n child_n and_o first_o of_o their_o civility_n parent_n the_o love_n of_o the_o siamese_n child_n for_o their_o parent_n the_o siamese_n child_n have_v docility_n and_o sweetness_n provide_v they_o be_v not_o discountenance_v their_o parent_n know_v how_o to_o make_v themselves_o extreme_o belove_v and_o respect_v and_o to_o inspire_v a_o extreme_a civility_n in_o they_o their_o instruction_n be_v marvellous_o assist_v by_o the_o despotic_a power_n which_o i_o have_v say_v they_o have_v in_o their_o family_n but_o the_o parent_n do_v also_o answer_v unto_o the_o prince_n for_o the_o fault_n of_o their_o child_n they_o share_v in_o their_o chastisement_n and_o more_o especial_o be_v oblige_v to_o deliver_v they_o up_o when_o they_o have_v offend_v and_o though_o the_o son_n be_v flee_v he_o never_o fail_v to_o return_v and_o surrender_v himself_o when_o the_o prince_n apprehend_v his_o father_n or_o his_o mother_n or_o his_o other_o collateral_a relation_n but_o old_a than_o himself_o and_o to_o who_o he_o owe_v respect_n and_o this_o be_v a_o great_a proof_n of_o the_o love_n of_o the_o siamese_n child_n to_o their_o parent_n siamese_n civility_n necessary_a to_o the_o siamese_n as_o to_o civility_n it_o be_v so_o great_a
country_n do_v care_n to_o purchase_v much_o land_n nor_o to_o meliorate_v it_o for_o fear_v of_o exciting_a a_o desire_n of_o it_o in_o one_o more_o powerful_a than_o himself_o and_o thus_o need_v no_o write_n of_o long_a continuance_n they_o have_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o have_v any_o notary_n as_o to_o the_o small_a trade_n they_o be_v almost_o all_o of_o so_o little_a consequence_n trade_n the_o small_a trade_n and_o fidelity_n be_v there_o so_o great_a that_o in_o the_o bazar_n or_o market_n the_o seller_n count_v not_o the_o money_n which_o he_o receive_v nor_o the_o buyer_n the_o commodity_n which_o he_o purchase_v by_o tale._n they_o be_v scandalize_v to_o see_v the_o french_a buy_v the_o least_o thing_n with_o more_o caution_n the_o hour_n of_o the_o market_n be_v from_o five_o in_o the_o evening_n to_o eight_o or_o nine_o ell._n they_o use_v no_o ell._n they_o use_v no_o ell_n by_o reason_n they_o buy_v muslin_n and_o other_o linen_n all_o in_o whole_a piece_n they_o be_v very_o poor_a and_o miserable_a in_o this_o country_n when_o they_o buy_v cloth_n by_o ken_n a_o term_n which_o signify_v the_o elbow_n and_o cubit_n both_o and_o for_o these_o they_o measure_v with_o their_o arm_n and_o not_o with_o any_o sort_n of_o ell._n road_n they_o have_v the_o fathom_n which_o they_o use_v in_o several_a thing_n and_o especial_o in_o measure_v the_o road_n nevertheless_o they_o have_v their_o fathom_n which_o equal_v the_o french_a toise_n within_o a_o inch._n they_o use_v it_o in_o building_n in_o survey_v of_o land_n and_o perhaps_o in_o other_o thing_n and_o especial_o in_o measure_v the_o road_n or_o channel_n through_o which_o the_o king_n general_o pass_v thus_o from_o siam_n to_o louvo_n every_o mile_n be_v mark_v with_o a_o post_n on_o which_o they_o have_v write_v the_o number_n of_o the_o mile_n the_o same_o thing_n be_v observe_v in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n where_o bernier_n report_v that_o they_o mark_v the_o koss_n or_o 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call_v canan_n in_o siamese_n choup_n in_o portuguese_n and_o it_o be_v according_a to_o these_o sort_n of_o measure_n that_o they_o make_v their_o market_n but_o for_o want_v of_o policy_n and_o a_o standard_n according_a to_o which_o the_o measure_n shall_v legal_o be_v regulate_v the_o buyer_n accept_v they_o only_o after_o have_v measure_v they_o with_o his_o coco_n the_o capacity_n of_o which_o he_o know_v by_o the_o coris_n and_o he_o use_v either_o water_n or_o rice_n according_a as_o he_o will_v measure_v either_o the_o canan_n or_o the_o sit_v with_o his_o coco_n in_o a_o word_n the_o quarter_n of_o the_o canan_n be_v call_v leeng_v and_o forty_o sat_n do_v make_v the_o seste_fw-fr and_o forty_o seste_n the_o cohi_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o declare_v the_o resemblance_n which_o measure_v so_o little_a exact_a have_v with_o we_o i_o have_v say_v moreover_o that_o a_o pound_n of_o rice_n a_o day_n suffice_v a_o man_n and_o that_o it_o be_v worth_a no_o more_o than_o a_o 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the_o same_o figure_n and_o strike_v with_o the_o same_o stamp_n only_o some_o be_v small_a than_o other_o they_o be_v of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o little_o cylinder_n or_o roll_v very_o short_a and_o bow_v quite_o at_o the_o middle_n so_o that_o both_o end_n of_o the_o cylinder_n touch_v one_o another_o their_o stamp_n for_o they_o have_v two_o on_o each_o piece_n strike_v one_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o other_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o cylinder_n and_o not_o at_o the_o end_n do_v represent_v nothing_o that_o we_o know_v and_o they_o have_v not_o explain_v they_o to_o i_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o money_n to_o we_o be_v that_o their_o tical_a which_o weigh_v no_o more_o than_o half_a a_o crown_n be_v yet_o worth_a three_o shilling_n and_o three_o halfpence_n i_o give_v the_o figure_n and_o size_n thereof_o and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o work_v you_o will_v find_v their_o measure_n for_o the_o length_n as_o well_o as_o their_o coin_n and_o their_o weight_n they_o have_v no_o gold_n nor_o copper-money_n gold_n be_v a_o merchandise_n among_o they_o and_o be_v twelve_o time_n the_o value_n of_o silver_n the_o purity_n be_v suppose_v equal_a in_o both_o the_o metal_n money_n the_o chinese_n money_n neither_o gold_n nor_o silver_n be_v money_n at_o china_n they_o cut_v these_o metal_n into_o ill_a shape_a piece_n with_o which_o they_o pay_v for_o other_o commodity_n and_o for_o this_o purpose_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o they_o always_o have_v a_o pair_n of_o gold_n scales_n and_o a_o touchstone_n in_o their_o hand_n their_o pair_n of_o gold_n scales_n be_v a_o little_a roman_a balance_n but_o among_o they_o there_o be_v such_o cheap_a live_n that_o for_o ordinary_a provision_n their_o own_o money_n which_o be_v only_a copper_n suffice_v they_o they_o thread_n it_o in_o a_o certain_a number_n on_o a_o cord_n for_o it_o be_v perforate_v in_o the_o middle_n and_o they_o count_v by_o string_n and_o not_o by_o piece_n a_o tical_a in_o its_o natural_a size_n view_v several_a way_n the_o stamp_n s_o of_o the_o tical_a grave_v at_o large_a cori_n a_o shell_n serue_v for_o money_n see_v several_a way_n in_o its_o natural_a size_n the_o size_n &_o figure_n of_o the_o coupan_n a_o gold_n coin_n in_o japan_n see_v on_o both_o side_n these_o stroke_n be_v not_o shadow_n but_o be_v make_v in_o the_o money_n to_o justify_v the_o weight_n thereof_o a_o prospect_n of_o the_o hall_n of_o audience_n in_o the_o palace_n of_o siam_n the_o japaneses_n have_v a_o flat_a gold_n coin_v somewhat_o long_o than_o broad_a japan_n the_o coupan_n the_o gold_n money_n of_o japan_n and_o round_v like_o a_o oval_n i_o give_v exact_o the_o size_n and_o figure_n thereof_o it_o be_v strike_v at_o several_a stamp_n with_o hatching_n it_o be_v weight_n be_v four_o dram_fw-la and_o a_o half_a and_o twelve_o grain_n and_o be_v at_o least_o twenty_o three_o carrat_n as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v judge_v thereof_o without_o melt_v it_o it_o be_v call_v coupan_n and_o its_o value_n be_v vulgar_o esteem_v ten_o crown_n a_o piece_n the_o base_a coin_n at_o siam_n be_v no_o other_o than_o those_o little_a shell_n i_o have_v already_o mention_v and_o of_o which_o i_o have_v likewise_o give_v the_o size_n and_o figure_n siam_n shell_n the_o base_a money_n of_o siam_n the_o european_n which_o be_v at_o siam_n do_v call_v they_o coris_n and_o the_o siamese_n bia._n they_o fish_v they_o up_o abundant_o at_o the_o maldives_n island_n and_o sometime_o at_o the_o phillipine_a isle_n but_o in_o very_o little_a quantity_n as_o some_o have_v inform_v i_o nevertheless_o navarrette_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o china_n pag._n 62._o speak_v thus_o concern_v the_o coris_n which_o he_o call_v seguejes_n it_o be_v import_v say_v he_o from_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n and_o manille_n
weakness_n perfidious_a their_o friendship_n be_v perfidious_a their_o manner_n of_o promise_v themselves_o a_o eternal_a amity_n be_v by_o drink_v of_o the_o same_o aqua_fw-la vitæ_fw-la in_o the_o same_o cup_n and_o when_o they_o will_v swear_v themselves_o more_o solemn_o they_o taste_v the_o blood_n one_o of_o another_o which_o lucian_n give_v we_o for_o a_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_a scythian_n and_o which_o be_v practise_v also_o by_o the_o chinese_n and_o by_o other_o nation_n but_o the_o siamese_n cease_v not_o sometime_o to_o betray_v after_o all_o these_o ceremony_n dull_a they_o be_v natural_o more_o moderate_a than_o we_o be_v because_o they_o be_v more_o dull_a in_o general_n they_o have_v more_o moderation_n than_o we_o their_o humour_n be_v as_o calm_v as_o their_o heaven_n which_o change_v only_o twice_o a_o year_n and_o insensible_o when_o it_o turn_v by_o little_a and_o little_a from_o rain_n to_o fair-weather_n and_o from_o fair-weather_n to_o rain_v they_o act_n only_o by_o necessity_n and_o do_v not_o like_v we_o place_n merit_n in_o action_n it_o seem_v not_o rational_a to_o they_o that_o labour_n and_o pain_n shall_v be_v the_o fruit_n and_o reward_n of_o virtue_n they_o have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o be_v bear_v philosopher_n and_o it_o may_v be_v that_o if_o they_o be_v not_o bear_v such_o they_o will_v not_o become_v so_o more_o than_o we_o i_o therefore_o willing_o believe_v what_o the_o ancient_n have_v report_v that_o philosophy_n come_v from_o the_o indies_n into_o europe_n and_o that_o we_o have_v be_v more_o concern_v at_o the_o insensibility_n of_o the_o indian_n than_o the_o indian_n have_v be_v at_o the_o wonder_n which_o our_o inquietude_n have_v produce_v in_o the_o discovery_n of_o so_o many_o different_a art_n whereof_o we_o flatter_v ourselves_o perhaps_o to_o no_o purpose_n that_o necessity_n be_v the_o mother_n but_o enough_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o siamese_n in_o general_a let_v we_o enter_v into_o the_o particular_n of_o their_o manner_n according_a to_o their_o various_a condition_n part_n iii_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o siamese_n according_a to_o their_o several_a condition_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o several_a condition_n among_o the_o siamese_n at_o siam_n all_o person_n be_v either_o freeman_n or_o slave_n siam_n of_o the_o slavery_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o siam_n the_o master_n have_v all_o power_n over_o the_o slave_n except_o that_o of_o kill_v he_o and_o though_o some_o may_v report_v that_o slave_n be_v severe_o beat_v there_o which_o be_v very_o probable_a in_o a_o country_n where_o free_a person_n be_v so_o rigid_o bastinado_v yet_o the_o slavery_n there_o be_v so_o gentile_a or_o if_o you_o will_v the_o liberty_n be_v so_o abject_a that_o it_o be_v become_v a_o proverb_n that_o the_o siamese_n sell_v it_o to_o eat_v of_o a_o fruit_n which_o they_o call_v durion_n i_o have_v already_o say_v that_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o enjoy_v it_o than_o to_o enjoy_v none_o at_o all_o it_o be_v certain_a also_o that_o they_o dread_v beggary_n more_o than_o slavery_n and_o this_o make_v i_o to_o think_v that_o beggary_n be_v there_o as_o painful_a as_o ignominious_a and_o that_o the_o siamese_n who_o express_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o charity_n for_o beast_n even_o to_o the_o relieve_v they_o if_o they_o find_v any_o sick_a in_o the_o field_n have_v very_o little_a for_o the_o men._n they_o employ_v their_o slave_n in_o cultivate_v their_o land_n and_o garden_n employ_v in_o what_o the_o slave_n be_v employ_v and_o in_o some_o domestic_a service_n or_o rather_o they_o permit_v they_o to_o work_v to_o gain_v their_o livelihood_n under_o a_o tribute_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o four_o to_o eight_o ticals_n a_o year_n that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o seven_o livre_n ten_o sol_n to_o fifteen_o livre_n one_o may_v be_v bear_v or_o become_v a_o slave_n one_o become_v so_o either_o for_o debt_n slave_n a_o siamese_n may_v be_v bear_v or_o become_v a_o slave_n as_o i_o have_v say_v or_o for_o have_v be_v take_v captive_a in_o war_n or_o for_o have_v be_v confiscate_v by_o justice_n when_o one_o be_v make_v a_o slave_n for_o debt_n his_o liberty_n return_v again_o by_o make_v satisfaction_n but_o the_o child_n bear_v during_o this_o slavery_n though_o it_o be_v but_o for_o a_o time_n continue_v slave_n one_o be_v bear_v a_o slave_n when_o bear_v of_o a_o mother-slave_n and_o in_o the_o slavery_n belong_v how_o he_o be_v bear_v a_o slave_n and_o to_o who_o he_o belong_v the_o child_n be_v divide_v as_o in_o the_o divorce_n the_o first_o three_o five_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o odd_a number_n belong_v to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o second_o four_o and_o all_o the_o other_o in_o the_o even_a rank_n belong_v to_o the_o father_n if_o he_o be_v free_a or_o to_o his_o master_n if_o he_o be_v a_o slave_n it_o be_v true_a that_o it_o be_v necessary_a upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o father_n and_o mother_n shall_v have_v have_v commerce_n together_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o mother_n for_o otherwise_o all_o the_o child_n will_v belong_v to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n slave_n from_o his_o subject_n of_o free_a condition_n be_v that_o he_o continual_o employ_v his_o slave_n in_o personal_a labour_n nobility_n the_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n slave_n and_o his_o other_o subject_n the_o slave_n of_o private_a man_n owe_v not_o any_o service_n to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o siamese_n nobility_n and_o maintain_v they_o whereas_o his_o free_a subject_n only_o owe_v he_o six_o month_n service_n every_o year_n but_o at_o their_o own_o expense_n in_o a_o word_n the_o slave_n of_o particular_a man_n owe_v not_o any_o service_n to_o that_o prince_n and_o though_o for_o this_o reason_n he_o lose_v a_o freeman_n when_o this_o man_n fall_v into_o slavery_n either_o for_o debt_n or_o to_o avoid_v beggary_n yet_o this_o prince_n oppose_v it_o not_o neither_o pretend_v any_o indemnity_n upon_o this_o account_n proper_o speak_v there_o be_v not_o two_o sort_n of_o condition_n among_o free_a person_n nobility_n be_v no_o other_o thing_n than_o the_o actual_a possession_n of_o office_n the_o family_n which_o do_v long_o maintain_v themselves_o therein_o do_v become_v doubtless_o more_o illustrious_a and_o more_o powerful_a but_o they_o be_v rare_a and_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v lose_v their_o office_n they_o have_v nothing_o which_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o common_a people_n there_o be_v frequent_o see_v at_o the_o pagaye_o the_o grandson_n of_o a_o man_n who_o die_v a_o great_a lord_n and_o sometime_o his_o own_o son_n talapoin_n of_o the_o priest_n or_o talapoin_n the_o distinction_n between_o the_o people_n and_o the_o priest_n be_v only_o a_o uncertain_a distinction_n see_v that_o one_o may_v continual_o pass_v from_o one_o of_o these_o state_n to_o the_o other_o the_o priest_n be_v the_o talapoin_n of_o who_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o the_o sequel_n under_o the_o name_n of_o people_n i_o comprehend_v whatever_o be_v not_o a_o priest_n viz._n the_o king_n officer_n and_o people_n of_o who_o we_o now_o proceed_v to_o speak_v chap._n ii_o of_o the_o siamese_n people_n militia_n the_o siamese_n people_n be_v a_o militia_n the_o siamese_n people_n be_v a_o militia_n where_o every_o particular_a person_n be_v register_v they_o be_v all_o soldier_n in_o siamese_n taban_n and_o do_v all_o owe_v six_o month_n service_n annual_o to_o their_o prince_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o prince_n to_o arm_v they_o and_o give_v they_o elephant_n or_o horse_n if_o he_o will_v have_v they_o serve_v either_o on_o elephant_n or_o on_o horseback_n but_o it_o belong_v to_o they_o to_o clothe_v and_o to_o maintain_v themselves_o and_o as_o the_o prince_n never_o employ_v all_o his_o subject_n in_o his_o army_n and_o that_o oftentimes_o he_o send_v no_o army_n into_o the_o field_n though_o he_o be_v at_o war_n with_o some_o of_o his_o neighbour_n yet_o for_o six_o month_n in_o the_o year_n he_o employ_v in_o such_o a_o work_n or_o in_o such_o a_o service_n as_o please_v he_o those_o subject_n which_o he_o employ_v not_o in_o the_o war._n left_a be_v count_v and_o divide_v into_o man_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o on_o the_o left_a wherefore_o to_o the_o end_n that_o no_o person_n may_v escape_v the_o personal_a service_n of_o the_o prince_n there_o be_v keep_v a_o exact_a account_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o man_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o man_n on_o the_o left_a to_o the_o end_n that_o every_o one_o may_v know_v on_o what_o side_n he_o ought_v to_o range_v himself_o in_o his_o function_n band_n and_o by_o band_n and_o beside_o this_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o band_n each_o of_o which_o
after_o have_v be_v a_o servant_n of_o the_o mission_n of_o st._n lazarus_n at_o paris_n have_v pass_v to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o foreign_a mission_n and_o be_v go_v to_o siam_n brother_n rene_n who_o by_o his_o industry_n know_v how_o to_o let_v blood_n and_o give_v a_o remedy_n to_o a_o sick_a person_n for_o it_o be_v by_o such_o like_a charitable_a employment_n and_o by_o some_o present_n that_o the_o missionary_n be_v permit_v and_o love_v in_o this_o country_n defend_v himself_o as_o much_o as_o he_o can_v from_o make_v this_o fort_n protest_v that_o he_o be_v not_o capable_a but_o in_o short_a he_o can_v not_o prevent_v render_v obedience_n when_o it_o be_v signify_v to_o he_o that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n absolute_o require_v it_o he_o be_v afterward_o three_o or_o four_o year_n governor_n of_o jonsalam_n by_o commission_n and_o with_o great_a approbation_n and_o because_o he_o desire_v to_o return_v to_o the_o city_n of_o siam_n to_o his_o wife_n relation_n which_o be_v portuguese_n mr._n billi_n the_o master_n of_o mr._n de_fw-fr chaumont_n palace_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o employment_n of_o jonsalam_n the_o siamese_n have_v not_o much_o artillery_n a_o portuguese_n of_o macao_n artillery_n of_o their_o artillery_n who_o die_v in_o their_o service_n cast_v they_o some_o piece_n of_o cannon_n but_o as_o for_o they_o i_o question_v whether_o they_o know_v how_o to_o make_v any_o moderate_o good_a though_o some_o have_v inform_v i_o that_o they_o have_v hammer_v some_o out_o of_o cold_a iron_n as_o they_o have_v no_o horse_n for_o what_o be_v two_o thousand_o horse_n at_o most_o consist_v in_o what_o their_o army_n consist_v which_o it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n keep_v their_o army_n consist_v only_o in_o elephant_n and_o in_o infantry_n naked_a and_o ill_o arm_v after_o the_o mode_n of_o the_o country_n their_o order_n of_o battle_n and_o encampment_n be_v thus_o they_o range_v themselves_o in_o three_o line_n encampment_n what_o 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constancy_n enough_o to_o come_v to_o a_o close_a fight_n rally_v the_o siamese_n easy_a to_o break_v and_o to_o rally_v they_o break_v themselves_o and_o fly_v into_o wood_n but_o ordinary_o they_o rally_v with_o the_o same_o facility_n as_o they_o be_v break_v and_o if_o on_o some_o occasion_n as_o in_o the_o last_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o macassar_n it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o stand_v firm_a they_o can_v promise_v themselves_o to_o retain_v the_o soldier_n only_o by_o place_v some_o officer_n behind_o to_o kill_v those_o that_o shall_v fly_v i_o have_v elsewhere_o relate_v how_o these_o macassar_n make_v use_v of_o opium_n to_o endow_v themselves_o with_o courage_n it_o be_v a_o custom_n practise_v principal_o by_o the_o ragipout_n and_o the_o melay_n but_o not_o by_o the_o siamese_n the_o siamese_n will_v be_v afraid_a to_o become_v too_o courageous_a war._n elephant_n not_o proper_a for_o war._n they_o very_o much_o rely_v upon_o the_o elephant_n in_o combat_n though_o this_o animal_n for_o want_n of_o bite_v or_o bridle_n can_v be_v secure_o govern_v and_o he_o frequent_o return_v upon_o his_o own_o master_n when_o he_o be_v wound_v moreover_o he_o so_o exceed_o dread_v the_o fire_n that_o he_o be_v never_o almost_o accustom_v thereunto_o yet_o they_o exercise_v they_o to_o carry_v and_o to_o see_v fire_v from_o their_o back_n little_a piece_n about_o three_o foot_n long_o and_o about_o a_o pound_n of_o ball_n and_o bernier_n report_v that_o this_o very_a practice_n be_v observe_v in_o the_o mogul_n country_n sieges_n the_o siamese_n incapable_a of_o sieges_n as_o for_o sieges_n they_o be_v whole_o incapable_a thereof_o for_o man_n that_o dare_v not_o set_v upon_o the_o enemy_n when_o in_o view_n will_v not_o vigorous_o attack_v a_o place_n never_o so_o little_o fortify_v but_o only_o by_o treachery_n in_o which_o they_o be_v very_o cunning_a or_o by_o famine_n if_o the_o besiege_a can_v have_v provision_n sea_n their_o weakness_n by_o sea_n they_o be_v yet_o more_o seeble_a by_o sea_n than_o by_o land_n not_o without_o much_o ado_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v five_o or_o six_o very_a small_a ship_n which_o he_o principal_o make_v use_v of_o for_o merchandise_n and_o sometime_o he_o arm_v they_o as_o privateer_n against_o those_o of_o his_o neighbour_n with_o who_o he_o be_v at_o war._n but_o the_o officer_n and_o seaman_n on_o who_o he_o confide_v be_v foreigner_n and_o till_o these_o latter_a time_n he_o have_v choose_v english_a and_o portugese_n but_o within_o these_o few_o year_n he_o have_v employ_v some_o french_a the_o king_n of_o siam_n intention_n be_v that_o his_o corsair_n shall_v kill_v no_o person_n no_o more_o than_o his_o land_n force_n but_o that_o they_o use_v all_o the_o trick_n imaginable_a to_o take_v some_o prize_n in_o his_o war_n at_o sea_n he_o propose_v to_o himself_o only_o some_o reprizal_n from_o some_o of_o his_o neighbour_n from_o who_o he_o believe_v himself_o to_o have_v receive_v some_o injury_n in_o trade_n and_o the_o contrivance_n succeed_v whilst_o his_o enemy_n be_v not_o in_o any_o distrust_n beside_o this_o he_o have_v fifty_o or_o sixty_o galley_n who_o anchor_n i_o have_v say_v be_v of_o wood._n they_o be_v only_o moderate_a boat_n for_o a_o bridge_n which_o do_v every_o one_o carry_v fifty_o or_o sixty_o man_n to_o row_n and_o to_o fight_v these_o man_n do_v fight_v by_o turn_n as_o in_o every_o thing_n else_o there_o be_v only_o one_o to_o each_o oar_n and_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o row_n stand_v because_o the_o oar_n be_v so_o short_a for_o lightness_n sake_n that_o it_o will_v not_o touch_v the_o water_n if_o not_o hold_v almost_o perpendicular_a these_o galley_n only_a coast_n it_o along_o the_o gulf_n of_o siam_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o barcalon_n and_o of_o the_o revenue_n the_o pra-clang_n or_o by_o a_o corruption_n of_o the_o portuguese_n the_o barcalon_n barcalon_n of_o the_o barcalon_n be_v the_o officer_n which_o have_v the_o appointment_n of_o the_o commerce_n as_o well_o within_o as_o without_o the_o kingdom_n he_o be_v the_o superintendent_n of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n magazine_n or_o if_o you_o will_v his_o chief_a factor_n his_o name_n be_v compose_v of_o the_o balie_n word_n pra_z which_o i_o have_v so_o often_o discourse_v of_o and_o of_o the_o word_n clang_n which_o signify_v magazine_n he_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o the_o foreign_a affair_n because_o they_o almost_o all_o relate_v to_o commerce_n and_o it_o be_v to_o he_o that_o the_o fugitive_a nation_n at_o siam_n address_v themselves_o in_o their_o affair_n because_o it_o be_v only_o the_o liberty_n of_o trade_n that_o former_o invite_v they_o thither_o in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v the_o barcalon_n that_o receive_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o city_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n revenue_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n revenue_n of_o the_o city_n
source_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n revenue_n arise_v from_o two_o source_n and_o revenue_n of_o the_o country_n the_o country_n revenue_n be_v receive_v by_o oc_fw-la ya_fw-la pollatep_n according_a to_o some_o or_o vorethep_n according_a to_o mr._n gervase_n they_o be_v all_o reduce_v to_o the_o head_n follow_v 1._o on_o forty_o fathom_n square_a of_o cultivated_a land_n land_n his_o duty_n on_o cultivated_a land_n a_o mayon_n or_o quarter_n of_o a_o tical_a by_o year_n but_o this_o rent_n be_v divide_v with_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a where_o there_o be_v one_o and_o it_o be_v never_o well_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n on_o the_o frontier_n beside_o this_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v that_o whoever_o plough_v not_o his_o ground_n pay_v nothing_o though_o it_o be_v by_o his_o own_o negligence_n that_o he_o reap_v nothing_o but_o the_o present_a king_n of_o siam_n to_o force_v his_o subject_n to_o work_v have_v exact_v this_o duty_n from_o those_o that_o have_v possess_v land_n for_o 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duty_n be_v levy_v like_o a_o kind_n of_o custom_n at_o certain_a place_n of_o the_o river_n and_o among_o other_o at_o tchainat_n four_o league_n above_o siam_n where_o all_o the_o stream_n unite_v 3._o custom_n on_o whatever_o be_v import_v or_o export_v by_o sea_n beside_o which_o custom_n custom_n the_o body_n of_o the_o ship_n pay_v something_o in_o proportion_n to_o its_o capacity_n like_o the_o balon_n 4._o on_z arak_fw-mi or_o rice-brandy_n or_o rather_o on_o every_o furnace_n where_o it_o be_v make_v arak_fw-mi on_z arak_fw-mi which_o they_o call_v taou-laou_a the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n do_v pay_v a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la this_o duty_n have_v be_v double_v under_o this_o reign_n and_o be_v exact_v on_o the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n and_o on_o stranger_n alike_o it_o be_v likewise_o add_v that_o every_o seller_n of_o arak_fw-mi by_o re-tail_n shall_v pay_v a_o tical_a a_o year_n and_o every_o seller_n by_o wholesale_n a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o every_o great_a pot_n the_o size_n of_o which_o i_o find_v no_o otherwise_o describe_v in_o the_o note_n which_o be_v give_v i_o 5._o on_o the_o fruit_n call_v durion_n for_o every_o tree_n already_o bear_v durion_n on_o durion_n or_o not_o bear_v fruit_n two_o mayon_n or_o half_a a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la 6._o on_o every_o tree_n of_o betel_n a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la betel_n on_o betel_n 7._o on_o every_o areky_a they_n former_o pay_v three_o nut_n of_o arek_n in_o kind_n arek_n on_o the_o arek_n under_o this_o reign_n they_o pay_v six_o 8._o revenue_n entire_o new_a or_o establish_v under_o this_o reign_n impost_n new_a impost_n be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n a_o certain_a duty_n on_o a_o school_n of_o recreation_n permit_v at_o siam_n the_o tribute_n which_o the_o ocya_a mien_n pay_v be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o ancient_a than_o the_o former_a in_o the_o second_o place_n on_o every_o coco-tree_n half_o a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o three_o place_n on_o orange-tree_n mango-tree_n mangoustanier_n and_o pimentier_n for_o each_o a_o tical_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la there_o be_v no_o duty_n on_o pepper_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o king_n will_v have_v his_o subject_n addict_v themselves_o more_o to_o plant_v it_o king_n a_o demesn_a reserve_v to_o the_o king_n 9_o this_o prince_n have_v in_o several_a place_n of_o his_o state_n some_o garden_n and_o land_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v cultivate_v as_o his_o particular_a demesn_a as_o well_o by_o his_o slave_n as_o by_o the_o six_o month_n service_n he_o cause_v the_o fruit_n to_o be_v gather_v and_o keep_v on_o the_o place_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o house_n and_o for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o his_o slave_n his_o elephant_n his_o horse_n and_o other_o cattle_n and_o the_o rest_n he_o sell_v 10._o a_o casual_a revenue_n be_v the_o present_n which_o this_o prince_n receive_v as_o well_o as_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o his_o kingdom_n the_o legacy_n which_o the_o officer_n bequeath_v he_o at_o their_o death_n or_o which_o he_o take_v from_o their_o succession_n and_o in_o fine_a the_o extraordinary_a duty_n which_o he_o take_v from_o his_o subject_n on_o several_a occasion_n as_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o foreign_a ambassador_n to_o which_o the_o governor_n into_o who_o jurisdiction_n the_o ambassador_n do_v pass_v or_o sojourn_v be_v oblige_v to_o contribute_v and_o for_o the_o build_n of_o fort_n and_o other_o public_a work_n a_o expense_n which_o he_o levy_v on_o the_o people_n among_o who_o these_o work_n be_v make_v service_n confiscation_n and_o fines_n six_o month_n service_n 11._o the_o revenue_n of_o justice_n do_v donsi_v in_o confiscation_n and_o fines_n 12._o six_o month_n service_n of_o every_o one_o of_o his_o subject_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la a_o service_n which_o he_o or_o his_o officer_n frequent_o extend_v much_o further_a who_o alone_o discharge_v it_o from_o every_o thing_n and_o from_o which_o there_o remain_v to_o he_o a_o good_a increase_n for_o in_o certain_a place_n this_o service_n be_v convert_v into_o a_o payment_n make_v in_o rice_n or_o in_o sapan-wood_n or_o lignum-aloe_n or_o saltpetre_n or_o in_o elephant_n or_o in_o beast_n skin_n or_o in_o ivory_n or_o in_o other_o commodity_n and_o in_o fine_a this_o service_n be_v sometime_o esteem_v and_o pay_v in_o ready_a money_n and_o it_o be_v for_o the_o ready_a money_n that_o the_o rich_a be_v exempt_v ancient_o this_o service_n be_v esteem_v at_o a_o tical_a a_o month_n because_o that_o one_o tical_a be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v one_o man_n and_o this_o computation_n serve_v likewise_o as_o a_o assessment_n on_o the_o day_n labour_v of_o the_o workman_n which_o a_o particular_a person_n employ_v they_o amount_v to_o two_o ticals_n a_o month_n at_o least_o by_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v reckon_v that_o a_o workman_n must_v in_o 6_o month_n gain_v his_o maintenance_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n see_v that_o he_o can_v get_v nothing_o the_o other_o six_o month_n that_o he_o serve_v the_o prince_n the_o prince_n now_o extort_v two_o tical_n a_o month_n for_o the_o exemption_n from_o the_o six_o month_n service_n casual_a commerce_n a_o revenue_n extraordinary_a or_o casual_a 13._o his_o other_o revenue_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o commerce_n which_o he_o exercise_v with_o his_o subject_n and_o foreigner_n he_o have_v carry_v it_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n that_o merchandise_n be_v now_o no_o more_o the_o trade_n of_o particular_a person_n at_o siam_n he_o be_v not_o content_v with_o sell_v by_o wholesale_n he_o have_v some_o shop_n in_o the_o bazar_n or_o market_n to_o sell_v by_o re-tail_n cotton-cloath_n cotton-cloath_n the_o principal_a thing_n that_o he_o sell_v to_o his_o subject_n be_v cotton-cloath_n he_o send_v they_o into_o his_o magazine_n of_o the_o province_n heretofore_o his_o predecessor_n and_o he_o send_v they_o thither_o only_o every_o 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second_o ambassador_n who_o we_o see_v here_o yet_o it_o happen_v also_o that_o in_o this_o country_n they_o hang_v themselves_o in_o despair_n when_o they_o see_v themselves_o reduce_v from_o a_o high_a employment_n to_o a_o extreme_a poverty_n and_o to_o the_o six_o month_n service_n due_a to_o the_o prince_n though_o this_o fall_v be_v not_o shameful_a i_o have_v say_v in_o another_o place_n criminal_n other_o be_v include_v in_o the_o punishment_n with_o the_o criminal_n that_o a_o father_n share_v sometime_o in_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o son_n as_o be_v bind_v to_o answer_v for_o the_o education_n which_o he_o have_v give_v he_o at_o china_n a_o officer_n answer_v for_o the_o fault_n of_o all_o the_o person_n of_o his_o family_n because_o they_o pretend_v that_o he_o who_o know_v not_o how_o to_o govern_v his_o own_o family_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o any_o public_a function_n the_o fear_n therefore_o which_o particular_a person_n have_v of_o see_v their_o family_n turn_v out_o of_o the_o employment_n which_o do_v make_v the_o splendour_n and_o support_v thereof_o render_v they_o all_o wise_a as_o if_o they_o be_v all_o magistrate_n in_o like_a manner_n at_o siam_n and_o at_o china_n a_o officer_n be_v punish_v for_o the_o offence_n of_o another_o officer_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o his_o order_n by_o reason_n that_o he_o be_v to_o watch_v over_o he_o that_o depend_v on_o he_o and_o that_o have_v power_n to_o correct_v he_o he_o ought_v to_o answer_v for_o his_o conduct_n thus_o about_o three_o year_n since_o we_o see_v at_o siam_n for_o three_o day_n oc-pra-simo-ho-sot_n by_o nation_n a_o brame_n who_o be_v now_o in_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n council_n of_o state_n expose_v to_o the_o cangue_n with_o the_o head_n of_o a_o malefactor_n which_o they_o have_v put_v to_o death_n hang_v about_o his_o neck_n without_o be_v accuse_v of_o have_v have_v any_o other_o hand_n in_o the_o crime_n of_o he_o who_o head_n be_v hang_v to_o his_o neck_n than_o too_o great_a negligence_n in_o watch_v over_o a_o man_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o he_o after_o this_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n in_o my_o opinion_n that_o the_o bastinado_n shall_v be_v so_o frequent_a at_o siam_n sometime_o there_o may_v be_v see_v several_a officer_n at_o the_o cangue_n dispose_v in_o a_o circle_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o will_v be_v the_o head_n of_o a_o man_n which_o they_o have_v put_v to_o death_n and_o this_o head_n will_v hang_v by_o several_a string_n from_o the_o neck_n of_o every_o one_o of_o these_o officer_n punish_v the_o least_o pretence_n for_o a_o crime_n be_v punish_v the_o worst_a be_v that_o the_o least_o appearance_n of_o guilt_n render_v a_o action_n criminal_a to_o be_v accuse_v be_v almost_o sufficient_a to_o be_v culpable_a a_o action_n in_o itself_o innocent_a become_v bad_a so_o soon_o as_o any_o one_o think_v to_o make_v a_o crime_n thereof_o and_o from_o thence_o proceed_v the_o so_o frequent_a disgrace_n of_o the_o principal_a officer_n they_o know_v not_o how_o for_o instance_n to_o reckon_v up_o all_o the_o barcalon_n that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v have_v since_o he_o reign_v brethren_n the_o policy_n of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n cruel_a against_o all_o and_o against_o their_o own_o brethren_n the_o greatness_n of_o the_o king_n who_o authority_n be_v despotical_a be_v to_o exercise_v power_n over_o all_o and_o over_o their_o own_o brethren_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n do_v maim_n they_o in_o several_a way_n when_o they_o can_v they_o take_v away_o or_o debilitate_v their_o sight_n by_o fire_n they_o render_v they_o impotent_a by_o dislocation_n of_o member_n or_o sottish_a by_o drink_n secure_v themselves_o and_o their_o child_n against_o the_o erterprise_n of_o their_o brethren_n only_o by_o render_v they_o incapable_a of_o reign_v he_o that_o now_o reign_v have_v not_o treat_v his_o better_a this_o prince_n will_v not_o therefore_o envy_v our_o king_n the_o sweetness_n of_o be_v belove_v by_o his_o subject_n and_o the_o glory_n of_o be_v dread_v by_o his_o enemy_n the_o idea_n of_o a_o great_a king_n be_v not_o at_o siam_n that_o he_o shall_v render_v himself_o terrible_a to_o his_o neighbour_n provide_v he_o be_v so_o to_o his_o subject_n populace_n the_o government_n of_o siam_n more_o burdensome_a to_o the_o noble_n than_o to_o the_o populace_n yet_o there_o be_v this_o reflection_n to_o be_v make_v on_o this_o sort_n of_o government_n that_o the_o yoke_n thereof_o be_v less_o heavy_a if_o i_o may_v so_o say_v on_o the_o populace_n than_o on_o the_o noble_n ambition_n in_o this_o country_n lead_v to_o slavery_n liberty_n and_o the_o other_o enjoyment_n of_o life_n be_v for_o the_o vulgar_a condition_n the_o more_o one_o be_v unknown_a to_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o further_a from_o he_o the_o great_a ease_n he_o enjoy_v and_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o employment_n of_o the_o province_n be_v there_o consider_v as_o a_o recompense_n of_o the_o service_n do_v in_o the_o palace_n siam_n how_o tempestuous_a the_o ministry_n be_v at_o siam_n the_o ministry_n there_o be_v tempestuous_a not_o only_o through_o the_o natural_a inconstancy_n which_o may_v appear_v in_o the_o prince_n mind_n but_o because_o that_o the_o way_n be_v open_a for_o all_o person_n to_o carry_v complaint_n to_o the_o prince_n against_o his_o minister_n and_o though_o the_o minister_n and_o all_o the_o other_o officer_n do_v employ_v all_o their_o artifices_fw-la to_o render_v these_o way_n of_o complaint_n ineffectual_a whereby_o one_o may_v attack_v they_o all_o yet_o all_o complaint_n be_v dangerous_a and_o sometime_o it_o be_v the_o slight_a which_o hurt_v and_o which_o subvert_v the_o best_a establish_a favour_n these_o example_n which_o very_o frequent_o happen_v do_v edify_v the_o people_n and_o if_o the_o present_a king_n have_v not_o too_o far_o extend_v his_o exaction_n without_o any_o real_a necessity_n his_o government_n will_v as_o much_o please_v the_o populace_n as_o 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person_n or_o at_o most_o in_o a_o small_a number_n of_o domestic_n that_o fidelity_n or_o love_n which_o we_o have_v for_o our_o king_n the_o people_n which_o possess_v nothing_o in_o property_n and_o which_o do_v reckon_v only_o upon_o what_o they_o have_v bury_v in_o the_o ground_n as_o they_o have_v no_o solid_a establishment_n in_o their_o country_n so_o they_o have_v no_o obligation_n thereto_o be_v resolve_v to_o bear_v the_o same_o yoke_n under_o any_o prince_n whatever_o and_o have_v the_o assurance_n of_o not_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v a_o heavy_a they_o concern_v not_o themselves_o in_o the_o fortune_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o experience_n evince_n that_o upon_o the_o least_o trouble_n they_o let_v the_o crown_n go_v to_o who_o force_n or_o policy_n will_v give_v it_o a_o siamese_n a_o chinese_n a_o indian_a will_v easy_o die_v to_o exert_v a_o particular_a hatred_n or_o to_o avoid_v a_o miserable_a life_n or_o a_o too_o cruel_a death_n but_o to_o die_v for_o their_o prince_n and_o their_o country_n be_v not_o a_o virtue_n in_o their_o practice_n among_o they_o be_v not_o find_v the_o powerful_a motive_n by_o which_o our_o people_n animate_v themselves_o to_o a_o vigorous_a defence_n they_o have_v no_o inheritance_n to_o lose_v and_o liberty_n be_v oftentimes_o more_o burdensome_a to_o they_o than_o servitude_n the_o siamese_n which_o the_o king_n of_o pegu_n have_v take_v in_o war_n will_v live_v peaceable_a in_o pegu_n at_o twenty_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o frontier_n of_o siam_n and_o they_o will_v there_o cultivate_v the_o land_n which_o the_o king_n of_o pegu_n have_v give_v they_o no_o remembrance_n of_o their_o country_n make_v they_o to_o hate_v their_o new_a servitude_n and_o it_o be_v the_o same_o of_o the_o peguin_n which_o be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n the_o eastern_a king_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o
no_o other_o than_o that_o which_o be_v at_o present_a call_v comori_fw-la or_o comorin_n which_o be_v also_o between_o the_o indus_n and_o ganges_n near_a than_o indus_n than_o the_o ganges_n over_o against_o this_o cape_n there_o be_v not_o at_o present_a so_o great_a a_o isle_n as_o taprobane_n which_o can_v be_v divide_v by_o the_o equinoxial_a and_o environ_v with_o 1378_o isle_n but_o there_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o little_a isle_n call_v maldivae_fw-la which_o the_o inhabitant_n report_v to_o be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 12_o thousand_o according_a to_o the_o relation_n of_o pirard_n who_o live_v there_o five_o year_n these_o isle_n have_v a_o king_n who_o assume_v to_o himself_o the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o 13_o province_n and_o 12_o thousand_o isle_n every_o one_o of_o these_o thirteen_o province_n be_v a_o heap_n of_o little_a isle_n each_o of_o which_o be_v environ_v with_o a_o great_a bank_n of_o stone_n which_o enclose_v it_o all_o round_a like_o a_o great_a wall_n 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the_o west_n and_o cause_v the_o continual_a rain_n which_o do_v there_o make_v the_o winter_n and_o at_o the_o other_o six_o month_n the_o wind_n be_v fix_v from_o the_o east_n and_o do_v bring_v a_o great_a heat_n without_o any_o rain_n which_o cause_v their_o summer_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o these_o channel_n there_o be_v great_a stone_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v use_v to_o build_v with_o and_o they_o be_v also_o store_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o bush_n which_o resemble_v coral_n which_o render_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o boat_n through_o these_o channel_n extreme_o difficult_a linscoten_n testify_v that_o according_a to_o the_o mallabar_n these_o little_a isle_n have_v former_o be_v join_v to_o the_o firm_a land_n and_o that_o by_o the_o succession_n of_o time_n they_o have_v be_v loose_v thence_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o lowness_n of_o the_o land_n it_o be_v therefore_o probable_a that_o the_o maldivae_fw-la be_v a_o remainder_n of_o the_o great_a island_n taprobane_n and_o of_o the_o 1378_o island_n which_o do_v encompass_v it_o which_o have_v be_v carry_v away_o or_o diminish_v by_o the_o current_n there_o remain_v nothing_o else_o but_o these_o rock_n which_o must_v former_o be_v the_o base_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o what_o remain_v in_o the_o enclosure_n of_o these_o rock_n where_o the_o sea_n dash_v so_o that_o it_o be_v capable_a only_o of_o divide_v but_o not_o of_o carry_v away_o the_o land_n which_o be_v include_v within_o their_o circuit_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o these_o isle_n have_v the_o same_o situation_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o equinoxial_a and_o promontory_n and_o of_o the_o river_n indus_n and_o ganges_n that_o ptolemy_n assign_v to_o several_a place_n of_o the_o isle_n taprobane_n the_o lord_n prayer_n and_o the_o ave_fw-la mary_n in_o siamese_n with_o the_o interlineary_a translation_n to_o be_v insert_v in_o page_n 180._o father_n our_o po_n raou_fw-la who_o art_n in_o heaven_n you_o savang_v the_o name_n of_o god_n scheu_fw-la pra_fw-la be_v glorify_v hai_fw-fr pra_fw-la kot_n in_o all_o place_n touk_fw-mi heng_fw-mi by_o people_n all_o kon_v tang_n tai_fw-fr offer_n to_o god_n praise_n tovai_fw-fr pra_fw-la upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n mevang_n pra_z i_o pray_v to_o find_v co_z hai_fw-fr day_n with_o we_o ke_v raou_fw-la to_o finish_v hai_fw-fr leou_fw-mi conformable_a ning_n to_o the_o heart_n of_o god_n tchai_fw-fr pra_fw-la in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mevang_n the_o earth_n pendin_n even_o as_o semo_fw-la of_o heaven_n savang_v the_o nourishment_n of_o we_o ahan_n raou_fw-la of_o all_o day_n touk_fw-mi van_fw-mi i_o pray_v co_fw-la to_o find_v hai_fw-fr day_n with_o we_o ke_v raou_fw-la in_o day_n van_fw-mi this_o ni_fw-fr ay_o pray_o co_fw-la to_o pardon_v prot_n the_o offence_n bap_n of_o we_o raou_fw-la even_o semo_fw-la as_o we_o raou_fw-la pardon_v prot_n person_n pou_v who_o do_v tam_fw-la offence_n bap_n to_o we_o ke_v raou_fw-la do_v not_o let_v ya_fw-mi hai_fw-fr we_o raou_fw-la fall_n tok_n into_o nai_fw-mi the_o cause_n kovan_n of_o sin_n bap_n deliver_v hai_fw-fr pound_n out_o of_o kiac_n evil_a anerai_fw-fr all_o tang-poang_a amen_n ave_fw-la maria_n full_a of_o grace_n ten_o anisong_n god_n be_v pra_z you_o in_o the_o heng_a place_n of_o you_o nang_v you_o just-good_a nang_n soum-bou_a more_o than_o yingkova_fw-mi all_o nang_fw-mi tang_n tai_fw-mi with_o tovi_fw-la son_n louk_v womb_n cutong_v in_o the_o place_n heng_fw-mi of_o you_o nang_v god_n pra_fw-la the_o person_n ongkiao_n of_o jesus_n yesu_n just_a charitable_a soum-bovi_a more_o than_o ie_v kova_fw-la all_o tang_n tai_fw-fr sancta_fw-la maria_n mother_n i_o of_o god_n pra_z assist_v thovi_fw-la by_o prayer_n ving_z to_o god_n von_fw-mi pra_z for_o pro_fw-la we_o raou_fw-la people_n kon_v of_o sin_n bap_n now_o teit-bat-ni_a and_o te_fw-la in_o the_o time_n mova_fw-mi of_o our_o die_a raou_fw-la tcha_fw-la tai_fw-la amen_o errata_fw-la page_n 20._o line_n 25._o read_v particular_a p._n 24._o l._n 34._o r._n a_o tree_n p._n 33._o l._n 8._o which_o be_v p._n 36._o l._n 36._o r._n oblige_v to_o honour_n p._n 39_o l._n 11._o r._n eresypeli_n l._n 16._o r._n be_v l._n 43._o r._n not_o bow_v to_o p._n 68_o l._n 38_o 39_o 43_o 46._o add_v bell_n p._n 73._o l._n 23._o r._n tical_a p._n 81._o l._n 33._o r._n gold_n p._n 87._o l._n 50._o r._n be_v evict_v p._n 103._o l._n 15._o 1._o certain_a p._n 104._o l._n 50._o r._n extinguish_v p._n 108._o l._n 37._o r._n return_n p._n 109._o l._n 2._o deal_n till_o p._n 120._o l._n 5._o r._n remain_v l._n 8._o r._n wound_v p._n 125._o l._n 18._o r._n prescribe_v l._n 58._o r._n fatality_n p._n 135._o l._n 17._o deal_n they_o p._n 136._o l._n 11._o r._n leaf_n of_o p._n 159._o l._n 1._o r._n missionary_n p._n 160._o l._n 9_o r._n take_v p._n 165._o l._n 46._o r._n ti-non_a p_o 166._o l._n 42._o r._n taovac_n l._n 45._o r._n tovai_o p._n 169._o l._n 50._o r._n sapsoc_n p._n 172._o l._n 23._o r._n which_o p._n 174._o l._n 23._o r._n at_o the_o side_n p._n 175._o l._n 35._o deal_n not_o p._n 175._o l._n 1._o deal_n '_o it_o be_v p._n 194._o l._n 32._o r._n the_o number_n l._n 20._o which_o be_v substract_v from_o the_o onglaa_n in_o the_o three_o p._n 198._o l._n 7._o r._n difference_n be_v only_o in_o l._n 8._o r._n in_o the_o 12_o p._n 201._o l._n 33._o deal_n the_o p._n 202._o l._n 43._o r._n unless_o these_o p._n 210._o l._n 28._o r._n agreement_n l._n 36._o r._n hipparcus_n p._n 212._o l._n 43._o deal_n the_o p._n 213._o l._n 19_o r._n anno_fw-la p._n 214._o l._n 15._o r._n for_o a_o lunar_a month_n to_o reduce_v the_o epact_n p._n 217._o l._n 18._o r._n how_o much_o p._n 221._o l._n 47._o r._n which_o form_n p._n 225._o in_o mark_fw-mi r._n 424._o p._n 230._o l._n 10._o r._n the_o former_a l._n 12._o r._n upright_o to_o p._n 231._o l._n 49._o r._n every_o p._n 236._o l._n 12._o r._n determine_v l._n 18._o r._n method_n p._n 238._o l._n 21._o r._n 9_o case_n p._n 244._o l_o 42._o deal_n not_o p._n 151._o l._n 12._o r._n cucum_a p._n 252._o l._n 45._o r._n the_o year_n begin_v p._n 253._o l._n 27._o r._n 10_o degree_n p._n 254._o l._n 7._o r._n ricci_n p._n 255._o l._n 36._o after_o deductae_fw-la add_v p._n 256._o l._n 16._o r._n these_o chinese_n l._n 22._o r._n and_o l._n 51._o r._n otherwise_o in_o one_o constellation_n finis_fw-la
consist_v in_o extorsion_n because_o that_o in_o this_o there_o be_v no_o justice_n for_o the_o weak_a all_o the_o officer_n do_v hold_v a_o correspondence_n in_o pillage_n and_o the_o corruption_n be_v great_a in_o those_o from_o whence_o the_o remedy_n ought_v to_o come_v the_o trade_n of_o present_n be_v public_a the_o least_o officer_n do_v give_v unto_o the_o great_a under_o a_o title_n of_o respect_n and_o a_o judge_n be_v not_o there_o punish_v for_o have_v receive_v present_n if_o otherwise_o he_o be_v not_o convict_v of_o injustice_n which_o be_v not_o very_o easy_a to_o do_v the_o form_n of_o the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n consist_v in_o swallow_v the_o water_n fidelity_n the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n over_o which_o the_o talapoin_n do_v pronounce_v some_o imprecation_n against_o he_o who_o be_v to_o drink_v it_o in_o case_n he_o fail_v in_o the_o fidelity_n which_o he_o owe_v to_o his_o king_n this_o prince_n dispense_v not_o with_o this_o oath_n to_o any_o person_n that_o engage_v themselves_o in_o his_o service_n of_o what_o religion_n or_o nation_n soever_o the_o public_a law_n of_o siam_n be_v write_v in_o three_o volume_n write_v the_o public_a law_n of_o siam_n be_v write_v the_o first_o be_v call_v pra_fw-la tam_fw-la ramires_n and_o contain_v the_o name_n function_n and_o prerogative_n of_o all_o the_o office_n the_o second_o be_v entitle_v pra_fw-la tam_fw-la non_fw-la and_o be_v a_o collection_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n and_o the_o three_o be_v the_o pra_fw-la rayja_n cammanot_n wherein_o be_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o now_o regent_n king_n father_n nothing_o will_v have_v be_v more_o necessary_a than_o a_o faithful_a extract_n of_o these_o three_o volume_n thereof_o the_o difficulty_n of_o procure_v the_o book_n thereof_o right_o to_o make_v know_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n but_o so_o far_o be_v i_o from_o be_v able_a to_o get_v a_o translation_n that_o i_o can_v not_o procure_v a_o copy_n thereof_o in_o siamese_n it_o will_v have_v be_v necessary_a upon_o this_o account_n to_o continue_v long_o at_o siam_n and_o with_o less_o business_n this_o be_v therefore_o what_o i_o can_v learn_v certain_o about_o this_o matter_n without_o the_o assistance_n of_o those_o book_n and_o in_o a_o country_n where_o every_o one_o be_v afraid_a to_o speak_v the_o great_a token_n of_o servitude_n of_o the_o siamese_n be_v that_o they_o dare_v not_o to_o open_v their_o mouth_n about_o any_o thing_n that_o relate_v to_o their_o country_n chap._n iu._n concern_v the_o office_n of_o judicatory_a province_n the_o division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n by_o province_n the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a the_o upper_a lie_n towards_o the_o north_n see_v that_o the_o river_n descend_v from_o thence_o and_o contain_v seven_o province_n which_o be_v name_v by_o their_o chief_a city_n porselouc_n sanquelouc_n lacontai_n campeng-pet_n coconrepina_n pechebonne_n and_o pitchai_n at_o porselouc_n do_v immediate_o arise_v ten_o jurisdiction_n at_o sanquelouc_n eight_o at_o lacontai_n seven_o at_o campeng-pet_n ten_o at_o coconrepina_n five_o at_o pechebonne_n two_o and_o at_o pitchai_n seven_o and_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v in_o the_o upper_a siam_n one_o and_o twenty_o other_o jurisdiction_n to_o which_o no_o other_o jurisdiction_n resort_v but_o which_o do_v resort_v to_o the_o court_n and_o be_v as_o so_o many_o little_a province_n in_o the_o low_a siam_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o reckon_v the_o province_n of_o jor_n patana_n ligor_fw-la tenasserim_n chantebonne_n petelong_v or_o bordelong_v and_o tchiai_n on_o jor_n do_v immediate_o depend_v seven_o jurisdiction_n on_o patana_n eight_o on_o ligor_fw-la twenty_o on_o tenasserim_n twelve_o on_o chantebonne_n seven_o on_z petelong_v eight_o and_o on_o tchiai_n two_o and_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v likewise_o in_o the_o low_a siam_n thirteen_o small_a jurisdiction_n which_o be_v as_o so_o many_o particular_a province_n which_o resort_v only_o to_o the_o court_n and_o to_o which_o no_o other_o jurisdiction_n resort_v the_o city_n of_o siam_n have_v its_o province_n apart_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o state_n between_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a siam_n judge_n the_o governor_n be_v the_o judge_n the_o whole_a tribunal_n of_o judicature_n consist_v proper_o only_a in_o a_o single_a officer_n see_v that_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a or_o precedent_n only_o that_o have_v the_o deliberate_a voice_n and_o that_o all_o the_o other_o officer_n have_v only_o a_o consultative_a voice_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n receive_v also_o at_o china_n and_o in_o the_o other_o neighbour_a state_n but_o the_o most_o important_a prerogative_n of_o the_o precedent_n be_v to_o be_v the_o governor_n of_o his_o whole_a jurisdiction_n and_o to_o command_v even_o the_o garrison_n if_o there_o be_v any_o unless_o the_o prince_n have_v otherwise_o dispose_v thereof_o by_o a_o express_a order_n so_o that_o as_o in_o other_o place_n these_o office_n be_v hereditary_a it_o be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n for_o some_o of_o these_o governor_n and_o especial_o the_o most_o powerful_a and_o for_o the_o most_o remote_a from_o court_n to_o withdraw_v themselves_o whole_o or_o in_o part_n from_o the_o royal_a authority_n siam_n jor_a belong_v no_o more_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o of_o siam_n thus_o the_o governor_n of_o jor_n render_v obedience_n no_o long_o and_o the_o portuguese_n give_v he_o the_o title_n of_o king_n and_o it_o may_v be_v he_o never_o intend_v to_o obey_v unless_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n shall_v extend_v itself_o as_o relation_n declare_v to_o the_o whole_a peninsula_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la jor_a be_v the_o most_o southern_a city_n thereof_o seat_v on_o a_o river_n which_o have_v its_o mouth_n at_o the_o cape_n of_o sincapura_n and_o which_o form_n a_o very_a excellent_a port._n patana_n nor_o patana_n the_o people_n of_o patana_n live_v like_o those_o of_o achem_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o sumatra_n under_o the_o domination_n of_o a_o woman_n who_o they_o always_o elect_v in_o the_o same_o family_n and_o always_o old_a to_o the_o end_n that_o she_o may_v have_v no_o occasion_n to_o marry_v and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o who_o the_o most_o trusty_a person_n do_v rule_v the_o portuguese_n have_v likewise_o give_v she_o the_o title_n of_o queen_n and_o for_o tribute_n she_o send_v to_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n every_o three_o year_n two_o small_a tree_n the_o one_o of_o gold_n the_o other_o of_o silver_n and_o both_o load_v with_o flower_n and_o fruit_n but_o she_o owe_v not_o any_o assistance_n to_o this_o prince_n in_o his_o war_n whether_o these_o gold_n and_o silver_n tree_n be_v a_o real_a homage_n or_o only_o a_o respect_n to_o maintain_v the_o liberty_n of_o commerce_n as_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n send_v present_v every_o three_o year_n to_o the_o king_n of_o china_n in_o consideration_n of_o trade_n only_o be_v what_o i_o can_v allege_v but_o as_o the_o king_n of_o china_n honour_v himself_o with_o these_o sort_n of_o present_n and_o take_v they_o for_o a_o kind_n of_o homage_n it_o may_v well_o be_v that_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n do_v not_o less_o value_v himself_o on_o the_o present_n he_o receive_v from_o the_o queen_n of_o patana_n although_o she_o be_v not_o perhaps_o his_o vassal_n the_o siamese_n do_v call_v a_o hereditary_a governor_n tchaou-mevang_a lord_n the_o governor_n be_v lord_n tchaou_fw-la signify_v lord_n and_o mevang_n a_o city_n or_o province_n and_o sometime_o a_o kingdom_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n have_v ruin_v and_o destroy_v the_o most_o potent_a tchaou-mevang_a as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v and_o have_v substitute_v in_o their_o place_n some_o triennial_n governor_n by_o commission_n these_o commission-governor_n be_v call_v pouran_n and_o pou_n signify_v a_o person_n beside_o the_o present_n which_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a may_v receive_v as_o i_o have_v declare_v tchaou-mevang_a the_o profit_n or_o right_n of_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a his_o other_o legal_a right_n be_v first_o equal_o to_o share_v with_o the_o king_n the_o rent_n that_o the_o arable_a land_n do_v yield_v which_o they_o call_v naa_n that_o be_v to_o say_v field_n and_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n these_o rent_n be_v a_o mayon_n or_o quarter_n part_n of_o a_o tical_a for_o forty_o fathom_n or_o two_o hundred_o foot_n square_a 2_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a have_v the_o profit_n of_o all_o confiscation_n of_o all_o the_o penalty_n to_o the_o exchequer_n and_o ten_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o all_o the_o fine_n to_o the_o party_n the_o confiscation_n be_v fix_v by_o law_n according_a to_o the_o case_n and_o be_v not_o always_o the_o whole_a estate_n not_o even_o in_o case_n of_o sentence_n of_o death_n but_o sometime_o also_o they_o extend_v to_o the_o body_n not_o only_o of_o the_o person_n condemn_v but_o of_o