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B14999 An houre glasse of Indian newes. Or A true and tragicall discourse, shewing the most lamentable miseries, and distressed calamities indured by 67 Englishmen, which were sent for a supply to the planting in Guiana in the yeare. 1605 VVho not finding the saide place, were for want of victuall, left a shore in Saint Lucia, an island of caniballs, or men-eaters in the West-Indyes, vnder the conduct of Captain Sen-Iohns, of all which said number, onely a 11. are supposed to be still liuing, whereof 4. are lately returnd into England. Written by Iohn Nicholl, one of the aforesaid company. Nicholl, John, emigrant to Guiana. 1607 (1607) STC 18532; ESTC S110152 24,474 44

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a Grater which he made of small sharpe flint stones beaten into a broade boord to grate our Cassada on whereof we made our breade and hee tolde vs that Anthonio would cut our throates and therefore bid vs kill him This made vs doubtfull which to trust to We had certaine Articles drawne which were to bée obserued wherein Captaine Nicholas Sen-Iohns was Captaine his brother Alexander Lieutenant Miles Pet and Philip Glascock were commaunders for the appoynting of our Watch Iohn Rogers was our interpreter for the Spanish tongue and was to buy and bargaine with the Indians for all the companie both for commodities and victuals Maister Garret Master Tench Francis Brace and my selfe were appointed to order the domesticall matters Carebie signifies in their language A valiant man All the occasions that we made whereby the Carrebyes should fall out with vs was that one of our companie did sell a sworde vnto Captaine Anthonio which was contrarie to the Articles wee had set downe for none was vpon paine of seuere punishment to sel either Sworde Dagger or Hedge-bill which when we knew Alexander Sen-Iohns with a dozen more went to his house and found him in his bed which they call an Hamaco with a little fire vnder him because hs was not well and the Sword standing by him which yong Sen-Iohns tooke and brought forth to vs. This droue him into a great rage against vs for neuer after that would he be familiar with vs. The Carrebyes did weare for an ornament vpon the small of their naked aimes a foure-square plate which maister Browne a Gold-finer told Captaine Sen-Iohns had three partes of it Golde who asked the Carrebyes where they got it who presently pointed vs to a great Mountaine on the North-west part of the Island whose toppe we might see from the place where wee dwelt but Anthonio saide there was none These contrarie tales made vs suspect some villanie and that it was but a pollicie to drawe some of our companie thither whereby they might the better deale with vs for at home they d●rst not attempt any thing against vs both for feare of our great Peece and also wee would not suffer them to bring their bowes and arrowes within our Centinell Yet our Captaine would not bee content till wee consented that hee should goe to the Mountaine and tooke with him all sortes of commodities to bargaine with the Indians for Cloath and he tooke old Browne the Gold-finer and his sonne George Browne Iohn Rogers Maister Looking the three sailers whose names were Iohn Fleming Thomas Butler Owen a Welchman Iames Garret one Ioseph and Christopher two Grocers and one Maister Euans with diuerse more to the number of sixtéene And vpon A Monday they all imbarked in the Boat taking eight dayes victuall with them promising to return betwixt that and the next Monday leauing his brother Miles Pet Philip Glascock M. Garret M. Tench and my selfe to rule at home Vpon Tuesday Wednesday the Indians did not come vnto vs with victuals as they had wōt which made vs after suspect that they were at the slaughter of our men at the Mount vpon Wednesday my selfe with 3. more went to Anthonios house where we found a great number of women but not passing halfe a score men making great preparation of victuals some baking of Cassada others roasting and boyling of great fishes and Turtles I offred to buy some of them but they refused and would not neither would they looke of any commoditie we had which made vs much maruell for before that time they neuer denied vs so we departed by the way we light of a narrow path wherein we trauelled a little and all along the way did growe aboundance of Guiaua trees whose fruit is as big as an Apple and verie pleasant to eate the greene ones are wholesome for the bloodie flixe Wee had not trauayled a Mile but wee entered downe by a Thicket into a most pleasant Garden of Potatoes which droue vs into greate admiration to beholde the manner of it for it was made round like a Bower encompassed with a greene Banke so equally that made vs thinke some Christians had made it for a strength to saue them from the Indians and vppon the toppe thereof did growe a companie of the moste tallest Trées that euer I behelde which did naturally growe so neere one to another and so thicke from the roote to the toppe that wee could not perceyue the skie through them But following the path wee perceyued it to passe through a narrow cut in the banke where wee traueyled two or three miles further passing through many goodly Gardens wherein was aboundance of Cassada Potatoes Tobacco Cotten-wool-trees and Guiaua trees in diuerse places as wee trauayled wee did maruaile to see the huge and great trées that were there for most of them were fiue or sixe fathoms about and fearing that wee shoulde bee benighted wee returned the same way againe with as much greene Tobacco Potatoes and Cassada as wee could carrie which did much content our men at home for the Indians had not brought any victuals in three dayes before At night sixe of our men went to seeke for Turtles and founde two verie great ones but could not bring them home For when they had turned them on their backes it beganne to raine thunder and lighten so extreamly that they had much a doe to get home themselues and so it continued all night with the moste horriblest thunder-claps that euer I heard with lightning and raine as light as day which caused vs to awake and after prayers to fit all night by greate Fiers drinking of Tobacc with extraordinarie myrth amongest our selues little foreseeing the daunger that befell to vs the next day Earely the next Morning wee went to bring home our Turtles and there wee founde a great number of Carrebyes on the shore and three or foure Boates by them roasting of lande Crabbes for what purpose they were so gathered together wee know not but least we should suspect them of any bad intent towardes vs they willed vs to eate with them and brought home our Turtles to our houses All that fore-noone wee kept good watch for there was verie many which came both by Sea and land and Augraumart and his father came with a great number of Indians and brought in his hande a quarter of a Turtle and a hundred Egges and gaue them to young Sen-Iohns and tolde him that if hee would goe to his Brother Anthonius house hee should haue greate store of victualls and that hee should see his wife and the more to perswade vs to goe hee promised that wee should haue Hamacas for to sleepe in which is the beds they vse Their Women dooth make them of Cotten that growes naturallye on the Trees wereof they haue aboundance Wee manye times made s●te vnto them for their Hamacas because they would bee a meanes to saue vs from the Stings of curtaine Flor called a Musketo the
our owne selues being we made most assured accompt to drinke of the same Cuppe But this was the least of our feares and not the greatest of our miseries For being now for a time rid of our bloud-thirsty * Which departed in their Periagos enemies our prouision of victuals being al wasted spent and spoyled and hauing no meanes to get any more it would haue mooued the heart of the cruellest Tirant in the world to compassion But in the midst of all this vnendurable misery it pleased God contrary to our expectatiō in some sort to relieue vs euen by our enemyes For when all the rest were out of sight one Periago returned very well prouided of victual and thrée or foure came on land with as much as they were able to carry of Cassada Potatos Plantons and cryed vnto vs to exchange with thē first holding vp their Bowes and after laying them on the ground againe in signe of peace which we perceiuing sent out three likewise to bargain without weapons carrying Kniues Beades and other trifles Which being done they departed and we returned giuing prayse to God thus miraculously for to feede vs for wée had no meanes of our selues to get any Then the Nette with the which we had wont get asmuch fish of all sorts as would suffise vs all for a day the Indians tooke from vs. Thus for the space of 6. or 7. dayes euery day fighting for the space of thrée or foure houres and then our victuall began to faile againe which caused vs to hold out a Flag of truce which the Indians perceiuing came in peaceable maner vnto vs Then one Francis Brace by meane of his French tongue made them vnderstand that our desire was to giue them all that wee had if they would let vs haue a Periago to carry vs away which one Captain Antonio willingly consented vnto and the next day after brought her drawing her ashore within the compasse of our Fortes we giuing them of Hatchets Kniues and Beads vntyll they were contented And to please them the more we gaue them euery one a Shouell or a Spade and so they departed And then wee went all to worke some to make the Sayle which wee made of very good Roane-cloath and some to make the Mast and euery one did labour all that he could to bee ready against night for Antonio told vs that his Brother Angrauemart would come the next day from S. Vincent with twelue Perriagos all laden with men and Arrowes whose words we alway found true for he could not dissemble And wee concluded rather then wee would stay and dye so miserably at the Carrabies hands who thirsted for nothing but to eate our flesh and drinke our blood as they had done with many other of our fellowes wee promised vnto the LORD who had all this tyme fought for vs to betake our selues vnto his mercy and doubted not but that hee would guide vs safely to some Christian Harbour And vpon the xxvi of September 1605. at one a clocke after midnight we embarqued all xix in that little Vessell or Boate which the Indians had made all of one trée shee was not so broade as a Wherry but it was almost as long agayne Our Roapes for our Sayle were our Garters and our Yard a Lance Shée had a little Rother or Helme but not one of our company had skyll howe to vse it neyther had wee Compasse to direct vs but sayling by the Sunne in the day and by the Starres in the night kéeping alwayes betwixt South-west and West for wee imagined the maine Land of the West-Indies lay so The Victuals that wee had were not sufficïent to serue that company three dayes for we had not aboue twentie Biskets three Cassada Cakes a dosen Plantons and some thirty Potatos and of Water some foure or fiue Gallons a little Barrell halfe full of Rice which Master Garrard had giuen him to serue in the Country of Guyana if we had gotten thyther And as it pleased the Lord hee had saued it vntill this our great necessitie for the preseruation of our liues for all our other victuall was gone in two dayes our water in three daies then Richard Garrard gaue to euery two of vs a Porindish of his Rice twice a day which wee washed in salt water so eate it rawt Thus wee continued at Sea seeking for land for the space of tenne dayes where wee indured one great tempest although to our great perill looking alwayes when wee should bee swallowed vp in the huge waues the storme continewing for the space of foure and twentie houres both boysterous for winde and rayne for all the Sea was in a white foome which was vnto vs in the midst of our danger a great comfort for wee saued the rayne water and druncke it gladly thanking God for that good refreshing who likewise sent the very fowles of that ayre to léede vs for they being wery of their flight would rest them on the side of our boate so that wee tooke them and dried them in the Sunne with a little Gunpowder and eate them Our boate was so neere the water that euery waue came ouer her reddie to sinke her but that foure of vs did nothing but laue it out againe by courses To speake of the misery we indured there it is vnpossible for I cannot expresse it Vpon the tenth day after our comming foorth of S. Lucea beyng the fifth of October one Thomas Morgane died not being able to liue of that small allowance And at twelue a clocke at noone wee threwe him ouer-boord and within an houre after it pleased God to glad vs with a ioyfull sight of the land then wee boisted vp our sayle fell to rowe with all the force wee could making to the néerest place imagining all dangers were past But the winde béeing calme we were benighted before wée could come at it and so wanting the light of the day wee were vpon the Rockes before wee were aware and by reason that the breach of the waue was so great and violent we could not holde her off but forceably ranne against the Rockes and there split our Boate to the very middest and all our men turned out I onely holding the Helme thinking the next Waue would heaue her ouer the Rockes not knowing her to bée split But the Breach was so great that it turned mée vnder putting mee in great danger to bee grated to peeces with her weyght aboue mee against the great Rockes And at the last wee all recouered our selues some sitting vpon great Rockes others on the rootes of great Trées thynking there to saue our selues tyll the morning And I finding a long Poale which fell out of our Beate tooke it and asked if any would venture to the shoare with mee which Francis Brace perceyuing tooke the other-ende So we two waded to the Land and then the rest all followed and some brought Perrywinckles in their handes and broke them out of
the shelles and did eate them rawe then euery one cryed out for fresh Water So William Pickes and my selfe went to séeke for water but we had not gone halfe an houre but wee came to our Fellowes agayne without finding of any Water to comfort vs withall So the place where we landed prooued to be a broken Island incompassed with the Sea about a league from the Mayne As soone as it was Day wee ●igged pit●es in the ground for fresh water but could finde none that was to bee drunke some went to the Boate to saue such commodyties as were left vndriuen away with the Sea Others found Perrywinckles on the Rockes which was all the victuall wee had to eate but our stomacks were so weake we could not eate aboue two or thrée a day Thus not knowing what course to take to saue our liues from famine one Myles Pet William Pickes and my selfe went and haled the Boat out of the rockes to the shore which was split to the very midst and so far with our swords we cut off put in a head in the midst and fastned it with our Daggers Kniues and Bodkins stopping all the leakes with our shirtes So fiue of our company ventered in her to the maine land their names were Myles Pett William Kettlebie William Pickes Francis Brace and William Butcher leauing Richard Garrard Philip Glascocke Iohn Coxford and my selfe with the rest in this hungry and desolate Island And at last it pleased God to bring them to the maine land they haled their Boate alongst the shore crossing many great riuers wherin they were pursued by diuers deuouring Serpents of the Sea as the Alligortos who are of such force that they will pull a horse vnder water and deuour him and will trauell more then two leagues from the water to séeke their prayes And also that greedy Sharke who hath thrée rankes of téeth set like a saw and will bite off a mans thigh at one snatch Yet God preserued them miraculously And when they were like to giue ouer trauelling being in despaire for euer to find any Spaniards for to succour them with foode God pittying their estates guided them to a place where they found a great Earthen pot full of wheat flower which they boyled with fresh water A pot of flower set in a Caue by some Indian and satisfied their hungry appetites with thankes to God for the same And within two dayes after they met with thrée Spaniards and with halfe a dozen Indians and Negros trauelling from Carraccas to Coro driuing horses and Mules loaden with Marchandize Who séeing their weakenesse for want of victual vnloaded their beasts to feed on the grasse whilest they fed our hungry men with plentie of their good cheare shewing them great courtesie suffering them to ●ide went themselues afoote two or thrée dayes till they came to a towne of ciuill Indians called Tocoya where they stayed to refresh them And there they let the Spaniards know in what miserable case they left vs in a desolate Island where wee indured the greatest misery that euer men did and liue for wee continued fiftéene dayes hauing no kinde of meat but Periwinckles or Whelkes Tobacco Salt-water which did nothing at all nourish vs yet it tooke away the desire of hunger and saued vs from eating one another In that fiftéene dayes fiue of our companie pined to death for hunger Their names were Iohn Perkins Edward Greene Ierome Swash Thomas Stubs and an olde man called Iohn Tobacco was the chiefe food I found to do me good and did preserue my lyfe and those which could take it downe did kéepe strongest but those which could not take it at all died first By noting one or two of our men to die wee knewe when any of vs drewe neere our death which was first they would swell very bigge and after fall to the very bones and then wanting natural strength in their backs to hold vp their heades it would fall downe and droupe in there bosomes and within twelue houres after they would die At the 15. daies end Francis Brace hauing more strength then the rest guided the three Spaniards to the Island where we were wee little expecting it for wee thought they had béene kilde eyther by wild beastes or Saluages and wee had giuen ouer looking for comfort but euery one particularly desiring God that himselfe might not be the last man of dying which conceit was worse then death it selfe vnto vs. But his returne did adde much comfort vnto vs in that dis●esse for they brought vs victuall which when wee had eate had almost kild vs by reason of the weaknesse of our stomackes beyng so farre spent that wee could not disgest it although we did eate it very sparingly The next day the Spaniards carried vs to the maine land where wee had horses brought vs and the goods we had they tooke it all for the King of Spaines vse and then they conuaied vs to Tocoya where we which were weake remained for fiftéene daies and those which were strong went to Coro fiftie leagues from Tocoya At the 15. daies end one of the three Spaniards whose name was Signior Carow Vallo came for vs with horses who shewed himselfe as carefull to vs as if wee had béene his owne Countrymen and friends in 5. daies brought vs to Coro to our fellowes where wee were brought before the Gouernour and by a Flemming which could speake a little English which had been prysoner there sixteene yeres we were examined of the cause of our comming on that coast who excused vs very well for he knew that if we confessed whither wee were determined to goe meaning Guiana they would eyther haue put vs to death or condemned vs to the Gallies to rowe But ●e told them that wee neuer purposed to come into the West Indies but that we were by misfortune and tempest driuen on that coast and told them of all the miseries and dangers we had indured and escaped which droue them into great admiratiō saying we were deuils and not men And the Fleming told vs the fathers of their churches said that if we had béene good Christians we deserued to be canonized for Saints but in regard we were Lutherans it was more by the deuils meanes then by the prouidence of God wee escaped those dangers So all the chiefe of the Towne being there euery man was desirous to take one of vs who did not vse vs like prysoners but were as carefull of vs as of their owne children not suffering vs to want any thing that was necessary for the procuring of our health My selfe beyng extreme sicke of the Callienturo one Captain Peroso who married his daughter with whom I dwelt whose name was Francisco Lopus hauing good skill in Phisicke came daily to my chamber there let mée blood purged and dieted me giuing his daughter in charge not to let me want any thing by whose courteous and tender vsage it pleased God