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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A66951	The surgeons mate or Military & domestique surgery Discouering faithfully & plainly ye method and order of ye surgeons chest, ye uses of the instruments, the vertues and operations of ye medicines, with ye exact cures of wounds made by gunshott, and otherwise as namely: wounds, apos fumes, ulcers, fistula's, fractures, dislocations, with ye most easie & safest wayes of amputation or dismembring. The cures of the scuruey, of ye fluxes of ye belly, of ye collicke and iliaca passio, of tenasmus and exitus ani, and of the calenture, with A treatise of ye cure of ye plague. Published for the service of his Ma. tie and of the com:wealth. By John Woodall Mr. in chyrurgerie.; Surgions mate, or A treatise discouering faithfully and plainely the due contents of the surgions chest	Woodall, John, 1556?-1643.; Woodall, John, 1556?-1643. Treatise faithfully and plainly declaring the way of preventing, preserving from, and curing of that most fearful and contagious disease called the plague.; Woodall, John, 1556?-1643. Treatise of gangrena, and sphacelos.	1617 (1617)	Wing W3421; ESTC R221201	349,679	432

whole cure of the Scurvy to the herb Spoon-wort One Olivar as a Sweden writer in his fifteenth book and fifty one Chapter intreating of this grief attributeth the whole cure thereof to be in Absinthi● or worm-wood namely to drink much of the infusion thereof and also of the salt of the fame and one chief part of the cure of the Scurvy saith he consists in good diet but the sea-men are injoyned to that onely the Ship affordeth which the better and sounder their provisions of victuals are the more their men stand to health and the contrary not onely bringeth many diseases but maketh the diseases which happen very hard to be cured therefore I may spare labour in writing what broths or herbs serve best where no fresh food can be The Chirurgions duty in this disease at Sea gotten the Surgeon and his Mate must therefore seeing he is at sea deprived of one principal help in that cure namely fresh meat and good drink be diligent to call for such for comfortable things as are by the great care and bounty of the Marchants provided for sick men or those which incline thereunto whereof in each Ship is a good I mean in the Kings service or of the East India Company proportion both of wine sugar spices and other comfortable things and to see they have it in due time and measure and likewise to complain to the Governours if they be withheld from the same or if any man abuse himself by mis-dyet yea and the Chirurgion ought morning and evening to seek for weak and poor men in their Cabins or so soon as they are missing at their messes to inquire for them and to see their Cabins be sweet and their provisions according or to move and intreat the Master or Governour of the Ship for redresse in such cases for fear of a general infection And whereas the first part of this Cure is in the opening of obstructions it is therefore fit in the beginning of the grief to give a lenitive glyster then the next day if the party be strong open a vein but beware as is said of taking too much blood away at once especially where the Liver is weak or stopped and where men want good nutriment for many evils ensue thereby The next day following his bleeding if he can bear it and if that his disease be with a swelling or fulnesse give him a doss of the pills of Euphorbium or otherwise of pibula ruffi or of Cambogia and make him some comfortable spoon meat such as you can make at sea namely an Oatmeal caudle would not be amiss of a little beer or wine with the yolk of an egge and a little Sugar made warm and given him to drink or any comfortable broth made with Currants and other fruit or Spices moderately taken or with Sugar or as the Ship can afford a Barley water for his ordinary drink were not amiss with some few drops of Cinnamon water therein and also some juice or Syrupe of Lemons therein or a few drops of oyl of Vitriol and some Sugar and give him in his drink by way of infusion dryed Wormwood good store for it is very wholesome Further the Chirurgion or his Mate must not fail to perswade the Governor or Purser in all places where they touch in the Indies and may have it to provide themselves of juice of Oranges limes or lemons and at Banthame of Tamarinds Also sometime though a man be well a comfortable caudle made with some Wine Spices Sugar and the yolk of an egge were very good for these are helps in that case as well to prevent the disease as also to help it when it comes The excellency of the juyce of Lemons Limes Oranges and Tamarinds And further experience teacheth which I have oft found true that where a disease most raigneth even there God hath appointed the best remedies for the same grief if it be his will they should be discovered and used and note for substance the Lemmons Limes Tamarinds Oranges and other choice of good helps in the Indies which you shall finde there do farre exceed any that can be carried thither from England and yet there is a good quantitie of juice of Lemmons sent in each ship out of England by the great care of the Merchants and The Merchants care for Sea-men intended onely for the relief of every poore man in his need which is an admirable comfort to poore men in that disease also I finde we have manygood things that heal the Scurvie well at land but the Sea Land medicines for the Scurvy ●●ad sea medicines Chirurgion shall doe little good at Sea with them neither will they indure The use of the juice of Lemmons is a precious medicine and well tried being sound and good let it have the chief place for it will deserve it the use whereof is It is to be taken each morning two or three spoonfuls and fast after it two hours and if you add one spoonfull of Aqua vitae thereto to a cold stomack it is the better Also if you take a little thereof at night it is good to mixe therewith some sugar or to take of the syrup thereof is not amisse Further note it is good to be put into each purge you give in that disease Some Chirurgeons also give of this juice daily to the men in health as a preservative The iuice of Lemmons a good preservative which course is good if they have store or otherwise it were best to keep it for need I dare not write how good a sauce it is at meat lest the chief in the ships waste it in their great Cabins to save vineger In want whereof use of the juice of Limes Oranges or Citrons or the pulp of Tamarinds and in want of all these use oyl of Vitriol as many drops as may make a cup of beere water or rather wine if it may be had only a very little as it were sower to which you may also adde sugar if you please or some syrups according to your store and the necessitie of that disease for of my experience I can affirm that good oyl of Vitriol is an especial good medicine in the cure of the Scurvie as also in many other griefs the which in another place is noted Further a decoction of Bisket and therein Almonds ground adding Cinamon and Rose-water a little and some sugar were very comfortable now and then to be taken to refresh the stomack And as touching the Tamarinds brought from the Indies they are to be eaten of themselves as the substance of them is namely to eat them as you would prunes and being made into conserves eat them as other conserves on the point of a knife sucking out the substance and putting forth the stalkes or stones thereof some dissolve them in wine or water and work out the substance of them therein and cast away the rest taking onely that which is pure one may

Dysenteria Galen s rule if the Dysenteria proceed from humours proceeds of mauy humours or having and ill quality the cure as Galen witnesseth hath one chief and most common intention to that which is contrary to the disposition to be taken away Therefore let there be given Myrabolans which in this case are most excellent for they correct the acrimony of the humours and strengthen the ventricle and the intestines in want whereof Rubarb may be as well given being dried a little But if the flux be pestilential let the matter be purged presently by sweating as is said not respecting the concoction of humours Of Laudanum Opiat Paracelsi and the Vertues thereof THere are many diseases which can hardly be cured without Anodine medicines therefore in the Cure of such diseases I mean where want of rest through extream pain or other the great disquiet of nature doth foretel an imminent danger of death if rest be not speedily procured in all such cases Anodine medicines may doubtless with great reason and good warrant be inwardly given To procure therefore safe and quiet rest sheweth great skill in the Artist and to the Patient is more precious in his grievous infirmitie then much treasure but in no one infirmitie have such medicine more shewed their admirable vertues then that noble medicine The chief vertue of Laudanum called Laudanum Opiat Paracelsi hath done in the cure of that lamentable disease called Dysenterie or the bloudy Fluxe as witnesseth divers of our Nation coming from the East Indies upon good proofe as also being no lesse approved of not onely by ancient and modern Writers but by every expert Chirurgion coming from those countries of their own too many experiences thereof have been made The vertues of this precious Anodine to be I mean here recited as they are noted and set down very learnedly by that famous Writer Oswaldus Crollius late Physitian to Matthias the third Emperour of Ozwaldus 〈◊〉 Crossi●e 〈◊〉 of the vertues of Laudanum Germany in his book called Bazilica Chymica and not by him onely but also by divers good Authors of credit which have written of the same medicine before which vertues being very many may seem almost incredible though many of them my self am witness of to be true out of my daily practise onely they are meant by the true composition according as Theophrastus Paracelsus hath prescribed it and is the same composition which the said Writer mentioneth Touching the virtues of the Medicine Ozwaldus concerning Laudanum THis Laudable medicine saith Ozwaldus Crollius deserveth rightly his name although thou call it Laudanum for in all sharp pains whatsoever hot or cold within the body or without the body yea even when through extreamitie of pain the parties are at deaths doore or almost mad with the vehemencie of the same this precious medicine giveth ease presently yea and quiet sleep and that Laudanum more effic●cious if the body be soluble safely but much better the body being first soluble either by nature or Art and you may give it safely provoking first onely one stool● by a suppositorie or a glister were better in the collick with Mint-water it easeth the gripings forthwith In the pains and gravel of the kidnies likewise it giveth present ease In the plurisie it presently and safely giveth ease In pains of the joints it is verie good In the staying of rheumes as tooth-ache and other like defluxions in the beginnings it is a singular good medicine as namely in the tooth-ache dissolve foure graines thereof in Plantane water and put it into the eare on the aking side and take three grains into the body and lie to rest it is a sure help In all fluxes of the belly whether they proceed of sharp or slipperie humours or whatsoever else offending cause taken with mastick Terra Sigillata fine Bole or with any other appropriate good medicine it is exceeding sure for it fortifieth the other medicines and doubleth their forces adding his own also thereto In extream watchings and want of rest either inwardly or outwardly taken it is profitable if outwardly you would use it take foure or six grains with three drops of oyl of Nutmeggs which is pressed out mixed together and binde it in two little clouts and put it into the nostrils it will marvellously asswage pains in the head and cause quiet rest In the extream bleedings of the nose called Hemoragie it is an approved secret that sixteen grains thereof divided into two pils and thrust up into the nostrils into each nostril one part helpeth the same In all kinds of Fevers it is good to be given with water of Worm-wood or pill-wise alone and if the heat remain after sixe houres you may give it the second time and after that again in like time safely not exceeding the dose yet let your own experience lead you that where you see three grains will not cause rest in the next potion you give one grain more and so increase paulatim but increase not but upon good deliberation In burning Fevers it asswageth thirst and provoketh sleep chiefly in those Fevers in which the partie seemeth to have some shew of rest with tedious dreams and slumbrings mixed In the disease called Asthma and in the Tysick if it be used in water of Hyssope it will preserve the diseased Patient a long time It conserveth the natural heat strengthneth the spirits repaireth strength lost It is also effectual to be given to melancholy people which are void of reason and are troubled with the passions of the heart It is likewise used with good effect against vomiting and the Hickcock proceeding of wind faintnesse or debilitie of the Ventricle In the superfluous defluxions of the excremental or menstrual bloud it is an excellent remedy with Crocus Martis or red coral In phrensies and madnesse both in wardly and outwardly it is good mixed with Aqua vitae and the temples anointed therewith In the falling sicknesse with spirit of Vitriol or the quintessence of Camphire with also oyle of Almonds it is usually taken The dose of this opiate medicine is two or three or foure grains if there be loosnesse of the belly as is rehearsed it worketh much the better Note that in some parts of the world this medicine in the mentioned dose will doe no ease wherefore when you finde that by experience in the next Patient give more but not to the same Patient without great reason It is best given in any occasion accompanied with waters or The best way to administer it other medicines which are most appropriate to the diseases land parts diseased and yet may very well be given alone in a pill which I willingly do for that the Patient then is least troubled with the taste thereof A caution remarkable But beware you use not this medicine to any which are feeble through a great cough being oppressed with tough phlegme and shortnesse of breath for there it is not

in cementation is strewing of corroding powder or the like upon plates of metal by course Torrefaction like siccation but more violent is an operation drying speedily parching and scorching that which is to be dryed before or over the fire Transmutation is the mutation of a thing in substance colour or quality Transudation is when in descensory distillation the essence provoked sweateth through and is carried guttatim into the receiver Vitrification is Combustion converting Calk and Cineres into transparant glasse Ustion is a preparation of things for easier pulverization mutation of colour faculty c. by burning them in a crucible or in the fire The Epilogue Gentle Reader I Had intended much more in my love to young men to have written by way of instruction namely a Dispensatory touching the precedent particulars with somewhat also concerning the Cure of the French Disease with symptomes thereof namely the Gonorea the Bubo venerea the Hernia Humoralis c. But time hath overtaken me so that now I am forced to conclude having run through the cares of sixty nine years old age being an enemy to study for my sight being weakned my memory much impaired and my capacity utterly unable to perform so hard a task which will ask both large time and much study to fulfil and other occasions best known to my self and some speciall reasons elsewhere expressed in my precedent and subsequent work to which I refer you for the further satisfaction I rest ready to do good so long as the Almighty pleaseth willing to be Thine in the Lord J. W. FINIS VIATICUM BEING THE PATH-VVAY TO THE Surgeons Chest Containing Chirurgical Instructions for the younger sort of Surgeons imployed in the Service of his Majestie or for the COMMON-WEALTH upon any occasion whatsoever Intended chiefely for the better curing of Wounds made by GUNSHOT First published by Authority Anno 1628 and now revised and inlarged by the Authour JOHN WOODAL Mr. in SURGERY Omnia terrena per vices sunt aliena LONDON Printed by J. L. for Nicholas Bourne 1653. The PREFACE LOving Brethren for as much as in times of war as well as of peace men of our calling should be ready Ad omne quare for the service of their King and Countrey We and our Countrey have been long happy in a blessed peace and yet even now having rumors of warre it is not amisse to be prepared for the contrary Wherefore from the wise heathen Philosopher let us all learn as followeth Jam tua res agitur para cum proximus ardet Our neighbouring Nations are and have been long in combustion it is therefore wisedome for us to be ready and the rather we ought to take it into our better consideration because at the first composing and writing hereof namely in Iuly 1626. when as I published it there were then and now are rumours of Warres and our Company of Barber Surgeons were then commanded by His Majesties Authoritie forthwith to provide sixeteen of the best Surgeons as the then time afforded for his especial service by Land such as were men most expert in the healing of wounds made with Gunne-shot and generally for the most part by reason of that long and happy peace that our Nation had enioyed many good Surgeons being put to it at the first were likely to have been found somewhat to seek therein how much more then our younger men wherefore the charge of providing preparing and fitting His Maiesties whole service by land and sea being by his Highness referred to our Corporation our Company having for that time made choice of my selfe and deputed me to the worke I held my selfe in conscience and dutie tied to do somewhat although I confes it was little to the better enabling and encouraging of younger men unto their duties in that point But here under favour I must desire pardon for a little digression namely that before my entrance unto any further discourse I acquaint the yonger sort of Surgeons my Brethren with those especial favours which it then pleased our most gracious King Charles to bestow upon our Corporation in particular above and beyond his ever blessed Ancestors for the good of his Souldiers and Sea-men and our encouragements thereby to animate and inable us the more heartfully to serve him And namely First his Highness was graciously pleased when also he increased the sea-mens wages to augment the monthly wages of each Surgeon and Surgeons Mate in his service by sea and land to above a third penny from former custom namely from nineteen shillings four pence a moneth to thirty shillings He hath also bin graciously pleased to give a free benevolence to the Surgeons in all his sea services which never was given them by any of the former Kings nor Queens of this land before as followeth viz. To all Surgions that serve in his Highness own ships I mean towards the furnishing of their Surgions Chests with Physical drugs and medicaments I say for each of them ten pounds and to each Merchants ship five pounds and to each Newcastle-ship or Colliarsship serving in his Highness his affairs three pounds And nevertheless all the Surgions in his Highness service have as formerly by the head of all men that are in pay in any of his ships or land-service two pence of each man by the moneth And for the surgeons in his Land service he alloweth to the Surgeon Major of the whole Camp five shillings a day and for his two Mates or servants four shillings a day Also his Majestie alloweth to each Surgion two shillings and six pence the day which is three pounds and fifteen shillings the moneth and to each Mate three pound a moneth and more over allowed and gave to each Surgeon appointed to 250. men a surgery Chest of 17. pounds valew free of account And moreover his Majestie alloweth to the Surgeon Major a store Chest or Magazeen Chest of 48. pounds value for a supply to furnish upon all wants and occasions And His Highness was yet further well pleased to give authority unto the Masters and Governors of our Society for to have the making compounding fitting and ordering of all the medicines as well Physicall as Chirurgicall together with all other provisions belonging to the Surgeons chest And further His Highness hath referred to the ancient Masters and the Governours of our Society the pressing of all Surgeons and Surgeons Mates or servants to Surgeons and Barbers with also the taking up of any instruments chests or ready made medicines in His Highness name for his service if occasion be not otherwise These favours and priviledges our Corporation have received from His Highness together with a new Charter wherein he hath likewise gratiously been pleased to confirm all our priviledges formerly granted unto us and hath given us divers new priviledges for the better subsistance of our said Corporation in future times as also we had never been denied as formerly to have monies imprested before hand for the

Sea-Surgeon himself in mind of his charge by admonishing him of some errors too grosse which I have observed to have been committed by some that he might avoid the like in himself The first errour some yong Surgeons are possest with from which infinite others grow is the want of the service of God the example whereof to their Mates is very infectious and this bringeth with it a blaspheming the name of the Almightie a general deboist and base kind of habit on them ready for all unprofitable idle and unseemly actions and unapt for to prosecute any good thing either in their callings or otherwise and if they seem to be any thing it is in bosting and brave phrases censuring other men in many things but not perceiving their own wretchedness at all Being given and dedicated to the Pot and tobacco-pipe in such an unreasonable measure that thereby they become in themselves base despising vertue and commending vice and to their Mates they shew themselves most unkind keeping that little knowledge they have from them not instructing them at all in their Science and holding them in more base subiection then their masters ever did in their apprentiship Also of a proud lasie disposition commanding them without due instructions to do the whole business when indeed themselves ought to put their hands even to those parts of Surgery which they esteem basest for the most lamentable diseases of poor men require the most care of the Surgeon as for example the ulcerations and slidings downof Ani or the Ars-gut which some in disdaining to do their office of fomenting comforting and restoring thereof to the due place most inhumanely have cut it off when with as good a conscience they might have cut their Patients his throat and the same I say to him that is negligent and suffereth such to perish in their infirmities without doing his utmost diligence I could name some of the parties who have much disgraced themselves and the noble Science but I will be charitable hoping they will amend and conclude with an old Grammer vers worthy the remembrance of al men Foelix quem faciunt aliena pericula cautum Thine J. W. TO THE CHIRVRGICALL READER Loving Brethren IF you please to take notice thereof within this Volume you may easily discover the Surgeons Chest three times to be repeated or rather three severall proportions or explainings of a Surgeons Chest or of Surgery provisions for Military uses The first whereof puts the Reader onely in mind by way of inference of particular Medicines Instruments and other materials and needfull additaments usefull for a Surgeons Chest for Sea or Land to be provided with as also such necessaries as by the ship Barbers are fit to be had in readinesse In the second view of the Surgery Chest is described and as it were set open to be viewed a Chest fitted for a great Ship upon a long Voyage for Sea service as suppose for an East India Voyage And wherein this second is not sufficiently explained the first if you please to repair unto it shall give you further satisfaction As for the third proportion it is a Surgeons Chest epitomized or a sparing proportion as suppose chiefly ordained for the curing of wounds either with Gun-shot or other casualties and accidents in his Majesties service for a Voyage on a sudden to serve upon or near our own Coast where additions if occasion be cannot be wanting in every Port Town Unto all which proportions as each occasion of use shall urge relation may be had in regard each one of them differ in many and divers respects from the other In which my indeavours if any of the more sharp witted sparks of the time I mean any of my younger brethren shall shew his greater skill and say I can yet adde many more needfull particulars which the Author hath in his nescience omitted as an acute verball youth did not long since in my hearing he not knowing me to be the Author to whom I made a short though it may be not a respective answer that a fool could doe as much For who that hath wit and is expert in Surgery can be ignorant that all medicines that Art hath ever devised or invented from the beginning of times for the health of mankind or can any way be produced for the healing of the bodies of men the same may be found usefull in a Surgeons Chest whether the medicine be composed by a Chymicall Methodicall or Empericall Surgeon and whether made of an Animall Vegetable or a Minerall substance the Artist may doubtlesse make good use thereof for Sea or Land service in his Chest but neverthelesse the Author by way of introduction held it fittest for him to expresse partem pro toto a part for the whole Nam verbum sat sapienti leaving just libertie with room sufficient for succeeding times to shew their inventions and excellencies as alluding to the wise saying of Hippocrates in his first and second Aphorismes Vita brevis est Mans life is short Ars long● est Art is long In which regard the discreet young Artist that hath time enough before him is hereby desired to forbear his censure of the weak endeavours of the Author untill he have effected a better of his own and more usefull in Surgery for the Common-wealth A note of particular ingrediences for a Surgeons Chest and of other necessary Appendixes serving for Chirurgicall uses whereof these next recited may be placed on the lidd of the Chest to open view to manifest he hath them if the Surgeon will have it so or he that is to pay for them desire to seethem in vie w. INcision knives Dismembring knives Catlings Rasours Trapans Trafine Lavatories Head sawes Dismembring sawes Dismembring Nippers Mallet and chizel Speculum Oris Speculum Oris with a screw Speculum Linguae Speculum Ani. Cauterizing irons Storks bills Ravens bills Crowes bils Terebellum Incision sheers Probes or flamules Spatulaes great and small Spatulum Mondani For teeth Paces Pullicans Forcers or punches Crowes bills Flegmes Gravers Small files One bundle of small German instruments Glister sirings Small sirings Cathetor Wax Lights These for the lidd of the Surgeons Chest till the Surgeon see cause to remove them The rest that follow are no lesse necessary then the former for their particular uses namely The salvatory furnished with such Vnguents as hereafter in their places are named The Plaster box furnished with the due instruments and medicines thereunto belonging The instruments for the Plaster box are as followeth ordinarily Scissers Forceps Spatula A capitall instrument Probe Stitching quil ●nd needles Lancet Burras pipe Lavatory Vvula spoone c. Cupping glasses Brasse bason Bloud porringers Diet pot Skillet Chafing-dish Glister pot Funnel Cups to give potions in One board to spread plaisters Morter and pestel Weights and scales Sieves Searces Strainers Splints Juncks Tape Towe Spunges Clouts Rowlers Gray paper White paper Empty pots Glasses Thred and needles Wax lights Lanthorn

purge water very much both by stool and urine and because as is said extreme costivenes is great hurt to the body the Chirurgion must by his best care to the Patient seek to prevent it both by teaching him to doe his best for his own health and to amend the same by observing good customes and diet by customes namely that he fail not daily once a day at the least to offer himself to stoole and doe his best to urge some excrement to come and somewhat to force his body thereunto if occasion be and to keep one and the same houre daily as near as he can I know by proofe it helpeth much and for diet to use also as near as he can those things which he findeth procure an inward slipperines and loosness in the guts pease oatmeal and rice do somewhat thereunto provided A caution they be very well boyled and the adding currants thereto is the better and oyle and butter are good helps but at land where The third rule ceaseth the Marrin●r ●● shore it may be had all kinds of fresh diet almost are good in that case for by the leaving onely Sea diet the body refresheth it selfe suddenly through benefit of nature and the fresh Aire and easily becommeth naturally loose and then the difficultie is ended The eating of East India Tamarinds is likewise a good thing in that case What I have written here plainly touching mean and simple glisters I would not be mistaken as if I did it out of ignorance or disdain of better medicines for I were worse then foolish if I would reject detract or disswade from the good use of decoctions of hearbs seeds c. with the additions of Electuaries Laxative Syrups and the like which I have in dayly use at home upon each just occasion yet many of the ancient Artists of worthy memorie which I could rehearse have in former ages used for glisters onely water and salt with oyle and some other have added honey and it is manifest that new milk alone is a good comfortable glister with the yolke of an egge and a little course sugar added And you may also many times save a labour in giving a gli●ter by a suppositorie which is either to be made of a long piece of Allum scraped smooth or of a candles end or of a piece of hard sope or of honey and salt sodden till it be so hard that it will break being cold which being yet hot may be rolled and made up of the greatnesse of a finger and administred of any of these I say you may make a suppositorie as long and big as a finger or lesse and thrust it up into Ano and let the partie keep this medicine one houre at the least in his body if he possibly can Further note this general rule concerning glysters The quantitie of a glister to be regarded let a glyster never exceed the quantitie of one wine pint let it rather want one quarter especially when you give it to a costive body or a full body he shall be much the abler and the willinger to keep it the The true temper if the glister to be administred just time Further beware it be not too hot nor too cold for the guts are tender parts so hot as pisse new made or a very little rather warmer is the true temper But if you perceive the Intestinum rectum or Arse-gut to be excoriated or inflamed in such a case use no salt nor salt broaths nor strong Laxatives as Euphorbium Agaricum Hiera Pigra Col●quintida or the like If you find the Longanum or Arse-gut How to deliver a glister of the Long●num be stopped to be clung or hard stopped with excrement you may put a small greasie or oily clout on the end of your glister-pipe onely over the holes thereof when you put it into the body and thru●t it into the head of the pipe then draw back a little your hand and deliver in your medicine and if you see cause and that it will not easily deliver force it somewhat Also when your medicine is all in and that you would draw out your instrument again do it quickly and let the party turn him on his back and he shall keep the medicine in the better In cases of excoriations or inflammations of the intrails in glisters use A glister for inflammation and excoriation in the guts Deer suet ℥ ij for one glister and in want thereof Axungia ovini vel porcini I mean sheep or swines fat and let the decoction whereof the glister is made be onely of bran and without any other addition and give now and then such a glister I mean once a day for two or three daies after you may add thereto some sm●ll astringent medicines as Succus Acatiae ℥ j. or Gales ʒij or Balustians ℥ ss or Myrabolans ʒiij even as you see cause for these help to heal the guts well Of Lotions COncerning Lotions to the mouth and throat of the diseased they must be sharp and very astringent I mean them especially which concern the cure of the gums in the Scurvie if the gums therefore be swolne that they hang over the teeth stinke or be putrified they must be very well lanced or scarified and after hard rubbed with a The cure of the gums mu●h swoln st●nking and putrified linnen or wollen cloth wrapped about the fore finger and wet in some strong restringent or Stiptick Lotion very hot as is the ordinary Lotion of Allum Honey and Hearbs adding thereto a double quantity of Allum and a little Salt peter or gun-powder for a need is good and if it be not sufficiently strong make a stronger decoction of coperas in water adding Salt-peter with a little honey if you have it or Mel Rosarum with also a little strong vineger you may also put oyle of Vitriol a little thereto but that it hath one evil qualitie in hurting and softning the teeth wherefore beware of it and if you use it do but onely touch the gummes with it once and no more and it wil do much good and if you please also Aqua Fallopie is good but because it is made with sublimed Mercurie it is not without danger and is also a loathsome taste to smel and offendeth the stomack very much but I know it to be held by many for a great secret but as for my self for reasons rehearsed I us● it not but advise rather that which is strong either of the Coperas Allum or Salt-peter for they hurt not the teeth at all as doth the oyle of Vitriol and so doth Aq●a fortis very much or you may make a Lotion thus ℞ Coperas white green or blew ℥ ij water one pound or there about Hony one spoonful boyle these to the consumption of one third or half then take of Lapis Medicamentosus or Salt-peter ℥ ss and if you have no Honey take Sugar or juice of Licorice or Licorice boyled

unto God for his help and mercy and yet not to mistrust but to use all artificial means referring the successe to the Almighty Wherefore in this case I hold nothing better then a good purge of Rubarb and then to take three or four grains of Laudanum Paracelsi then after The cure of a flux through the contagion of the aire there may be given him one scruple of the best Treacle or Mithridate or London Treacle or meerly Laudanum alone You may give the party also a little Cinamon water or Aqua Theriaculis or Carduus water laying him to rest It were also to be confidered whether the body standeth in need of bleeding purging or a glyster but when as the disease proceeds from contagious and venomous aire and is fierce I hold it the safest course to forbear bleeding or purging for If the flux be fierce and sudden what to be done fear of drawing back the venome to the principal parts and rather to fly to Alexipharmacons or Preservatives as Venice Treacle Mithridate Diatesseron London Treacle or the like And presently after or immediately with it as is said give a dose of Laudanum which of it self is a perfect cordial and a good preservative Many learned writers are of opinion that this disease is infectious The flix through the aire is infectious and that the breath and excrements of the sick man may easily infect a sound man affirming also that from putrified and diseased bowels infections vapours do ascend and descend and partly the rather by a kind of sympathy our bodies have each with other but lest that opinion of mine uttered may perhaps offend the courage of young Artists Infection should not daunt Chirurgions called lawsully to the cure of any disease whatsoever whom I seek by all possible means to embolden let them take this rule from me in the fear of God I hold no disease infectious to me in that I have a lawful calling and I am therefore bound to visit the diseased which who so neglecteth God will find him out with that disease or a worse Now a word or two of such medicines as are belonging to the chest found in the ship or at the utmost may be found in the East-Indies or that are likely to be found there I intend to set forth some instructions for the Chirurgions Mate and first The cure of Dysentery at sea of Lientery note I have cured many both in Dysentery and Lientery with burned Harts-horn or in want hereof I have found that onely the hard bones of Beef or Pork calcined or meerly burned till they be white for so they must be and it may easily be done in any wood or coal-fire being not a fire of sea-coal and then being powdered fine and given continually in the ordinary drinks during the time of the sicknesse it helpeth much and you may assure your self that if you take much or little of it it can do no harm to be taken and with some few drops of Cynamon water if it may be had it is the better or a little Nutmeg and Cynamon in powder therein also I have givenit sometime with Rosasolis and fair water mixed of each two spoonfuls and ʒj of the powder of bones Another secret which hath cured many of the flix ℞ Wheat flowre and thrust it veryclose together into an end ofa clout and so bind it up hard and close like a bullet and put it into boyling water and boil it three hours or more and you shall find it will be very dry and hard as chalk and powder it and give of this powder ʒij or more in any liquid substance fitting and it is a very good midicine for any flux of the belly either white or red this medicine hath been often proved and found sure at sea and land yet it helpeth the vertue of the medicine well if the vehicle or menstrum you give it in be also good namely if you give it with some liquid medicine proper to the grief also Crocus Martis ℈ i. given in red wine Aligant or French wine or with beer or water for a need adding certain drops of Cinamon water it is a very good medicine The same also is given with Venice Treacle or London Treacle or good Mithridate is likewise very good but to a weak person give it alone with Sugar it will please his tast better then with other strong medicines The cure if the disease proceed of worms But if you perceive the disease proceeds of worms as often it doth then give the patient a glyster of a decoction of Althea roots with a little worm-wood adding Coloquintidaʒij where there is no great acrimonious A glyster pains in the guts but where there is great dolour in the guts rather put some Bay-berries namely ʒ ss in your decoction which decoction you may alsomake meerly of the brain if you please and make it not too slimy I mean put not too much bran or roots therein then add if you have it of Aquilla Laxativa 12. grains Deer suet ℥ ii or three ounces and give it stirring well the powder therein The means to kill worms this Aquilla Laxativa certainly will kill any worms and give present ease also almost all bitter things kill worms as Aloes Agaricum Coloquintida Worm-wood and the like but principally Aquilla Laxativa doth it sure and is safe to be given the dose by way of glyster is to 10. grains Mr. Edwards his medicine for the flux ℞ red-rose water ij spoons full Cinamon ℥ ij Almonds of vallence ℥ iiij unblanched the Cinamon is to be bruised and boiled in iij. pounds of water till ii pounds be consumed then reserve that decoction and add three pounds more of fair water to the former Cinamon and boil it as afore reserve both the waters together then beat or rather grind well your Almonds and being well ground and beaten add thereto some little quantity of the water mentioned grinding the Almonds therewith and again beat the said Almonds and so often beat and strain them with more of the said liquor or water till all the substance of them be in the decoction which will be in the form of an Almond milk then add rose water ij spoonfuls and as much sugar as to sweeten the said drink give the Patient thereof to drink so oft as he please Gluttony a cause of the Flux Let such as fear the flix not overgorge themselves for the evercharging straining of the stomack of● bringeth this sicknesse chiefly when the body is weak as also if the food taken be crude or not well boyled or rosted and meerly fresh without any Salt Also the use of eating Tamarindes brought from Bantham if you use them overmuch by their acrimony may easily cause a flux although their vertues in preserving from the Scurvy are unreproveable and very good indeed The signs of the places aff●cted with the Flux The higher towards the stomach

Also amputation may be done safely in all such mortifications as proceed by contusions as also in all mortified members proce ding by wounds made with Gun-shot where a mortified place is circular or more then seem circular and that with comfort and good hope of the saving of life to the languishing Patient as by any other way And as touching the poor Souldier and Seaman after that he hath suffered terrible and unspakeable pain as also great losse of blood and spirits by his wounds it were then pity of all pities if any other remedy could be had or thought of to wound him a new in the whole part and thereby to endanger him yea and ten to one to kill him by Art namely by artificial amputation to deprive him of that national relict poor blood and feeble spirits yet reserved within him meerly to hold life and soul together whereof by consequent the said small portion of relict blood and spirits being taken away he must needs perish yea even as may be feared in the very act of amputation the contrary being a wonder Quasi unum è multis Amputation in mortified places by hemorrge s●f● Also amputation in the mortified parts may be done in mortifications that proceed by hemorrage in any wounds whatsoever that can be named if the patient be otherwise curable by any art of amputation he is then safer and more easier cured by this way Also in all mortifications that proceed by over-hard ligatures or by the violence of scaldings and burnings or by the extremity of corrosive medicines immoderately or unskilfully applyed Also in all mortified limbs by Dropsies Scorbutes the small Pox In places mortified by Dropsie or other diseases c. or like obstructions that can be said to be curable by amputating in the whole part and that with as much and more hope and farre more facility and ease to Surgeon and patient that work may be performed in a mortified place if there be a fit mortified place to do the work in Also mortifications happening by fractures or dislocations of legges or armes fingers or toes as also in all cases happening and proceeding by starving namely for want of food weaknesse and debility of nature either of children or of old folks the patient having no present Feavour at the time of the dismembring neither being in a Delirium besides many other mortifications for btevity omitted It followeth fitly also here that I set forth in what cases abscission Abscission in some cases not to be used cannot be well effected in the sphacelated or dead part wherein I do but open again to posterity in the parctick what the ancient Authors have declared in the theorick in general tearmes of amputation in the mortified part assuring the Artist that whensoever there is a circulat mortification with any hope of life in the Patient it may receive cure by this old new renovated practice of A renovated old practice ●n amputation mine even as well and better in the mortified part then in the living And although generally this knowledge and practice serveth well in times of peace yet it serveth most fitly in times of warre yea and at all times for such Surgeons as are imployed in military affaires by Sea or Land that they might take notice thereof and also inable themselves to make use of this manner of practice where occasion is offered for the comfort and more hopeful preserving the lives of the valiant Souldiers and brave hardy Sea-men as I have said who for the honour and defence of our King and Countrey very often are put to encounter with their and our enemies to their no small perils and grievous sufferings by fearful wounds made with Gun-shot and other fierce engines of warre and by the accidental harmes succouring them whereby they suffer great effusion of blood and spirits by their wounds so that thereby together with the want of good lodging and comfortable nourishment which to such good fellowes is for the most part but very mean and scant especially in ships and Camps their wounds after their most pittiful endurings and languishings as aforesaid commonly end in a Gangrena which granted all men may easily then judge how heavenly a thing and above all measure comfortable it is to the despairing patient if his life may be preserved and prolonged and he safely healed without the losse of any blood or spirits at all or any pain in the act of amputation and here as by the way I desire to put to the Chirurgica● Readers a case or two to be considered of concerning the curing of wounds made with Gun-shot A supposition and namely I will suppose or suggest a valiant well-deserving Souldier for the honour of his King and Countrey pressing forward in fight should receive a wound by a shot upon his legge having broken both the fossils and so contused and lacerated the parts adjacent as in any other place was suggested that it was manifest to the Surgeon that the legge for the surer saving of the Patients life were not convenient to be left on but rather to be taken off according The supposition answered to Art the aforesaid suggestion admitted what were to be done the Surgeon I suppose might fairly answer as followeth although the bones be broken the Muscles with their Nerves Veines Ateries c. lacerated contused and the like yet I will endeavour to reduce all what is fitt●ng to be reduced to their due and natural places formes and true posture or as much as may be and I will speedily haste to stay the flux the which done I will for the present and so for twenty foure houres at the least repose it to rest except a furtive flux convulsion or the like fearful accident constrain me to look upon it sooner and though the work be desperate yet I will not dismember it at the first but try further except any eminent occasion as namely mortification urge and beget new thoughts and then I will take it off in the sound part and Art warrants me so to do left any of the Gangrenated part being left untaken away as the common opinion is it should infect the whole and so I should lose my Patient and be blamed as for Malapraxis unwarrantable The second might alledge that the A second supposition answered former supposition granted namely that if the wounded member would be a burthen I therefore before the abiding of the time either of digestion or putrefaction of the aforesaid wounded parts would whilest my Patient were yet in strength for preventing Feavers furtive fluxes and other fearful accidents incident to such great wounds as Gangrene since I see the member is like though saved in part yet will be unserviceable and an eye-sore and burthen I will immediately take it off in the wounded and lacerated part before that woful Crisis of Gangrene seize upon my patient which commonly is accompanied with a Feavour and expence of vital spirits and