of this Countrey we owe the invention of Astrologie Physicke Writing on Paper Their Kings names were Pharaoh toward the beginning Now what the Turke pleaseth 17 And this is as farre as we may travell by Land it remains that we loose out into the bordering Seas descry what Ilands we can neere those parts of Africa which we have here mentioned And these lye either Southward in the Aethiopicke Sea or else Westward in the Atlantick Ocean 18 The Aethiopicke Ilands are onely two 1 The Iland of S. Laurence or Magadassar four thousand miles in compasse and the length more then Italie rich in all Commodities almost that man can use The Inhabitants are very barbarous most of them blacke some white there are supposed to have been transplanted out of China 2 Zocatrina at the mouth of the Red Sea in length sixtie in bredth twenty five miles It lyeth open to sharpe Windes and by that meanes is extreame drie and barren Yet it hath good Drugges and from hence comes the Aloe Zocatrina The people are Christians and adore the Crosse most superstitiously and give themselves much to Inchantments 19 The Atlanticke Ilands are 1 Sir Thomas Iland and lyeth directly under the Aequator it was made habitable by the Portugalls which found it nothing but a wood It is full of Sugar little other commodities 2 Prince Iland betweene the Aequator and Tropicke of Capricorne It is rich enough for the owner though I finde no great report of it 3 The Gorgades of old the Gorgons where Medusa and her two sisters dwelt I forbeare the fable they are nine in number and because neere to Cape Virido in the Land of Negroes they have a second name of Insulae Capitis Viridis They abound with Goates and the chiefe of them is called Saint Iames. 4 The Canaris called for their fertilitie The fortunate Ilands and was the place of the first Meridian with the ancient Geographers to divide the world into the East and West and from thence to measure the earths Longitude but now it is removed into the next Ilands more North which are the Azoris and belong properly to Europe as lying neerer Spaine then any other Continent The number of the Canaris are seven The chiefe Canarie next Palus where our Shippes touch to refresh themselves in their voyage toward America Then Tanariffa which hath no water but from a cloud that hangs over a tree and at noone dissolves and so is conveyed into severall parts The other foure are Gomera Hieiro Lansarat and Fuerte ventura some few other not worth note or name The men lend their Wives like Horses or any other Commoditie 5 Lastly the Hesperides not farre from the Gorgades they are often mentioned by our ancient Poets in the fable of Atlas his Daughters It was supposed to be the seat of their blessed which they called the Elizian field And indeed it is a very happy soyle the weather continually fayre the seasons all temperate the ayre never extreame To conclude Africa affords not a sweeter place to rest in ¶ The Description of EVROPE EVROPE may perhaps thinke her selfe much injured to be thus cast back into the third place of my Division and reckoned the last of the old world but my promise shall be here made good to give her her due And though Chronologie will not allow the precedency yet compare her present estate with the rest and you may take her rank here to be ad Pompam as most commonly in our solemne Triumphs those of most worth are marshalled forth last Yet were she so minded to quarrell for Antiquitie she could not want abetters such as would have some parts of Europe flourish within thirty years after the confusion of tongues The originall of the Germane Kingdome is drawne by Aventinus Helcrâ—â— and others from Tuisco the sonne of Noâ—h and he began his raigne in the yeare 1787 after the Creation and that was but one hundred thirty one yeares after the Deluge not above thirty from the time that they were dispersed out of Babell But to passe by those uncertaine stories which may admit dispute we have to this day the Germane Triers a Citie standing from the time of Abraham and beares as yet the markes both of the art and ambition of the Babylonians As if here they strove to reach eternitie as they did before in the plaine of Shinar to top heaven 2 Sure I am what ever part of the world was first famous Europe soone got the start and tooke the Scepter of the earth into her hand she had the name with Plinie of Orbis domitorum genitrix and well she might if we but read her Storie since first she came in view In the Greek Monarchie Alexander was her Champion In the Latine Empire the Romanes bare the sway and scarce left a corner of the earth then knowne unconquered And to this day the Princes of Europe enlarge their Dominions upon the Regions of the other three A small portion as we are of this little I le in respect of their vast Continent yet have we a part too in America for our peculiar and hope still to bring more into our possessions that we may bring them unto Christ. 3 In respect of the two other quarters in the Easterne hemisphere Europe is partly West and partly North for she is situated North-ward betwixt the Tropike of Cancâ—r and the polare Articke and West-ward hath no Continent betwixt her and America but is bounded with the Atlantick Ocean On the East toward Asia she hath the Mare Aegeum which the Italians call Archipelagus and the Pontus Euxinus or Mare Magor And the Palus Meotis and the River Tanais Southward it hath the Mediterranean and Fretum Herculeum So that it is almost incompast with the Seas and hath the forme of a Peninsula whose Isthmus that joynes it to the rest of the Continent is to be reckoned that part which lyeth betwixt the branches of the River Tanais and the Mare Glaciale These are her out-bounds 4 If we view her within we shall find that Nature had not spent her store nor was she close handed when she allotted her portion And though Europe indeed be the least yet is she furnished in all points with the like varietie her Rivers as Commodious as those of Asia and Africa and her Mountains no lesse famous then Taurus or Atlas Her measure indeed is not comparable to any of the other three She beares in Longitude but 3800. miles from S. Vincent in Portugall to Constantinople And in Latitude at most 1200. and that too from the Aegean to the frozen Sea by some account not above 900. 5 But be her extent as it is small it addes to her glory that in Exiguo res numerosaiâ—cet that yet she exceeds those vaster Regions and bears the name of the most happy Countrey in the world both for plenty of Corne Plants Fruits for Rivers and Fountaines of admirable vertues for beauty as well of Cities Castles and
The Region thus limited was once as fertile pleasant and rich as any part of the whole Continent And by reason of her plenteous Rivers and commodious accesse for Shippes from almost all Coasts she could want no meanes to export her own overplus or import forraine merchandize from all parts of the knowne world If at this day it appeares not in that luster no marvaile Impius haec tam culta novalia miles habebat Barbarus has segetes 8 And besides the base misusage of the mis-beleeving Turke the very Natives themselves are fallen from the noble disposition of their predecessors into an incredible sottishnesse and those which before reckoned the rest of the earth Barbarous in comparison to their polite Common-wealth are now themselves sunk below the envie of the meanest Nation and become the most miserable object of pity living upon the earth Indeed they may hardly be said to live for that they take no farther care then barely to live They are lazy beyond beliefe and ignorant almost beyond recovery for they have now no means to bring their children either to learning or manners Not an Academie in all Greece Their carriage generally uncivill their feasts riotous and their mirth debaucht Their Wives are well favoured and so indeed they must be for they use them no longer as their wives then they continue to their liking when they once fade they are put to the house-drudgerie Their language is the same as heretofore but rudely corrupted though as Maginus reports it differs not so much as the Italian from the pure Latine The have no habite almost proper but those which serve the Turke weare their fashion the rest which are under the Venetian observe them in their apparell for they are slaves to both in their whole course 9 Yet they retaine still a shew of the Christian Religion which was here first settled by Timothie to whom Saint Paul wrote two Epistles and was after in the Primitive times professed by divers learned and reverend Divines of their own Nation which are with us received as Authentike Fathers of the Church Saint Chrysostome Basile the Gregories Nisene and Nazianzâ—n were all Grecians The government Ecclesiasticall is in power of foure Patriarkes 1 Of Constantinople and his extends over all Greece Moscovie Sclavonia Dacia part of Poland and all the Ilands of the Adriatike and Aegevn Seas 2 Of Alexandria and his over Aegypt and Arabia 3 Of Ierusalem and his over the Greekes in Palestine 4 Of Antioch and his over Syria Armenia and Cilicia 10 The people of this Countrey were heretofore distinguished by their principall dialects And those were the Attike Ionike Dorike and Aâ—olike A fift there was which was called a mixt or common dialect Each differed from other no more then we doe from our selves in severall parts of our Kingdome But this division will hardly reach the limits which bounds Greece according to our description we will adhere rather to that of our moderne Geographers which reckon to Greece sixe Provinces 1 Thrace 2 Macedonia 3 Albania 4 Epirus 5 Achaia 6 Peloponnesus And 7 the Ilands Eλλαs GREECE Reuised by Iohn Speed and are to be sold by Geo Humble 1626 Revised by Iohn Speed and are to be sold by Geo Humble 1626 12 Part of this Nation was heretofore perswaded that their ancestors did not at all die neither should they but passe onely out of this world into another to their supposed god Zalmoxis once a Scholler of Pythagoras who when he had perswaded them unto this Religion seemed wonderfully to vanish out of their sight and appeared not any more but left them fully possest that he was the Deity which must after a time entertaine them And this they expected with that great joy that as oft as one died in stead of mourning they set forth games and feasts to congratulate his freedome from the troubles of this earthly condition and the wife onely whom he loved best for they had many was thought worthy to be killed by her best friends at her husbands grave that she might beare him company in the other world the rest bewailed their neglect and the residue of their life was to them as a disgrace When a child was borne neighbours were called to bemone his entrance into a multitude of calamities and in course they reckoned up what he was to passe before he could go to their god Zalmoxis for they acknowledged no other but blasphemed and shot arrowes against the heavens as oft as they heard it thunder 13 Their Kings saith Quadus are chose by suffrage and those especially which are best knowne to be most milde not young nor yet a father of any children for they will not by any meanes admit that their government should become hereditary If the Prince himselfe offend he shall not escape their laws even to death yet no man may set a hand to his execution but by a common desertion he is allowed no necessaries to live and therefore must needs die Here once raigned Polymnestor which murdered Pryam's younger sonne Polydorus And Tereus and Diomedes c. 14 This Province is now called Romenia and takes that name from her chiefe City Constantinopolis or Roma nova heretofore Bizantium of great fame from her first building and that sixe hundred threescore and three yeares before the Incarnation her founder Pausanias a Lacedemonian She stands so commodiously and commands the Euxine Sea the Propontis Hellespont that there can hardly be any passage to or fro betwixt Europe and Asia in those parts without her leave And likely enough that for this cause Constantine the Great when he divided the Empire chose this for his Easterne seat and in the yeare three hundred fifteene enlarged it with magnificent buildings and deckt her in the apparrell of old Rome from whence he translated hither many ancient and costly monuments and faine would have removed her name but that his subjects out of their endeared affection to their Prince would heare no other then Constantinopolis the Citie of Constantine It is in compasse eighteene miles containes commonly seventie thousand Inhabitants though almost every third yeare she be visited with a great Pestilence The other eminent Cities of Thrace are Abdera Nicopolis Philopolis Hadrianopolis Traianopolis Phinopolis Pemithus c. The Chersonesus over against Troas in Asia is called Saint George his Arme and in it stands Sestos where the love passed betwixt Leander and Hero 15 Macedonia is on the West of Thrace East of Albania North of Epirus and Achaia and South of Misia superior It had this name from Macedo grand-child to Deucalion as Solinus gives him The land is fertile and pleasant rich with mines of gold and silver and the qualities of the Inhabitants were heretofore answerable Their disposition noble and free their lawes good and those their owne their attempts great and their Kings valiant and victorious The most renowned were Philip and the greatest one that ever the world knew Alexander his son
all into the River Albis yeeld excellent Salmon and plentie And if we wil beleeve report there is oft-times found in the sands lumps of pure gold which need no other refining and very pretious shels of great value 8 It seemes the water supplies that only defect which is to be found in their Land For it is to be observed to be full with Mines of all sorts of Metals Gold onely excepted Their Tinne was found out by an English-man of Cornwall in the yeare one thousand two hundred and forty one belike which had beene skilled in that worke in his owne Countrey for it is said that at that time there was no Tinne knowne else-where in Europe The earth gives good Corne and their pastures breed as good Cattell There is Wood good store as there are Woods which harbour multitudes of wild Beasts Foxes Beares Harts Bulls and others which afford them sport in the Hunting and meate for the best mans Tables Among the rest there is a wild Beast which they call Lomi armed by nature with a strange defence against the Hounds which follow her For they sâ—y she hath a kind of bladder hanging under her jawes which in the Hunting she fils with a scalding hot water and casts it upon the Dogs with that nimblenesse that they are not able to avoyd or pursue her but oft-times have their very haire fall oft as from a drest Pigge The Countrey is generally rich in Saffron and other Medicinall drugges Wine it hath too but not so kinde or pleasing as in other places in so much that the richer sort furnish themselves out of Austria Hungarie and the Regions about which they in lieu of it supply with excellent Beere For they are held very good at the art of brewing and not behind-hand at drinking when they have done It is said of the meaner sort I suppose that if once they set to a Vessell of good liquor they will not loose it till they have found it emptie BOHEMIA Newly described by Iohn Speed Anno Dom 1626 10 For matter of learning they have not beene very famous heretofore howbeit now the better parts are not now behind with the other parts of Germany The chiefe of note were Iohn Husso and Hierome of Prague two worthy members of the Church They were condemned for Heretiques in the Councel of Constance one thousand foure hundred and foure teene for attempting a reformation of such errours as they held not agreeable with the word of God But yet their sufferings could not dead the good seed which they had sowne in the true hearted It lives still among them in some measure though they have been often assayed by strange Impostures in Religion such as the heart of man could not conceive without a strong and extraordinary working of that great deceiver 11 I cannot passe the most wicked couzenage of Picardus who possest great multitudes of these silly people with an opinion that he could recall them to that perfect state in which Adam was created placed them in an Island for that purpose which he called Paradise caused them to walke naked and named this Sect Adamites Horrible sinnes were committed under that pretence promiscuous whoredome and incest at their very Divine Service It is feared that at this day there are many secret professors which live under ground meete at their solemnities have their prayers framed to their owne humour and when the Priest pronounceth the words of Genesis as his custome is Crescite multiplicamini replete terram the lights are suddenly popt out and without any respect had to alliance or kindred or reverence to their exercise they mingle like Beasts and when they have acted their wickednesse and are returned to their seats the Candles are againe lighted and they fall to their pretended prayers as if there had beene no harme done 12 The King is one of the seven Electors of the Emperour and in case the other sixe be equally divided he gives the suffrage which carrieth it It is to be thought that his power was conferred upon him not without great counsell and good reason For besides that the place it selfe is by nature strong the people too have a speciall inbred love to Germany and defence of her liberties At Coronation he is Cup-bearer and performes it himselfe in person if he be present His revenewes are cast up to be three millions of Crownes which are not gathered all within the compasse here limited but part out of other Principalities which are annexed to this Kingdome For there are foure Regions which make up his Title and are subject to his government 1 Bohemia it selfe as we have described it 2 Lusatia 3 Silesia 4 Moravia They were named in the Mappe of Germany as being parts of the whole Countrey but will admit here a more particular tract as belonging properly to this Kingdome 13 First then for Bohemia it selfe it containes about thirty Cities which are immediate subjects to the King as Quadus calls them besides many others which are held in possession of the chiefe Princes Primates Barons Counts and Nobles of the Countrey The Metropolis is Prague heretofore known by the names of Bubienum and Marobudum saith Maginus but rather I think by the situation it should be the same which Ptolemy calls Casurgis It was composed with a wall by Primaslaus their third King and received the name of Prague by the wife Lubussa a Limine which they say is called Prague in the Bohemian language It is indeed a very stately Citie seated in the middle of the Countrey on the River Multaria and compared by some to Florence It consists of three Cities which are called the old Towne the new Towne and the little Towne The old Towne is the chiefe and is adorned with many illustrious buildings The new Towne is divided from the old by a large ditch and the little Towne stands on the other side of the River Mulda but is joyned to the old Town by a stone-bridge of twenty-foure Arches It was made an Arch-bishops See by Charles the Emperour and King of Bohemia was once the chiefe Vniversitie but that now is removed to Lipsia in the Province of Misnia It is the Regall seat of Bohemia and here was the King and Queene when it was taken by the Imperialists 14 The other Cities of this Region which are worth the noting are 2 Egra It stands upon the River from whence it beares the name before it was called by Ptolemy Monosgada on the West end of Sylva Gabreta that part of the Hercinia which portends toward Franconia It was a City Imperial till the right was sold by Lodovicus Bavares to Iohn King of Bohemia It is a very strong City fortified as well by Nature as Art for the most part is built upon a Rock It is in compasse two miles within the walls and with the Suburbs three Not farre from it there is a fountaine of a kinde of sharpe water which the Inhabitants drinke in stead
But then perceiving that they availed nothing the water in this space rather increasing then any whit abating Now hopelesse of safety tyred and out-worne with labour watching and discomfort and desirous to refresh their enfeebled spirits with some little rest before their death they resolved to cease their labour and so by consequence permit their ship to sinke Sir George Sommers sitting day and night all this while upon the Poope to direct the Shippe as evenly as might be lest she should be over-turned or swallowed of the waves espied land and thereupon called the Company together and encouraged them again to pumping and casting out water by which meanes they kept her up from sinking and by Gods providence escaped the rocks till they gat within halfe a mile of the shoare where she stuck fast betweene two rocks The extremitie of the storme being then well qualified they had time to land all their men most part of their provision and to save much of their ships tacking and iron-worke before she sanke And thus it pleased God by this evill to bring to light a farre greater good agreeable to that saying Quae latet inque boniscess at non cognita rebus Apparet virtus arguiturque malis Having thus escaped the eminent danger of present death and all safely arrived We may well conceive their joy to have beene great especially when they found there in great abundance Fish Fowle Hogs and other things for the sustenance of man and which they most of all feared water but no people nor any kinde of cattell except those Hogs and a few wilde Cats which in likelihood had swoom a-shore out of some Ship cast away upon the coast and there encreased They abode there nine moneths during which time with help of such things as they saved of the Sea venture and of such as they found in the Countrey they built of Cedar and rigged fit for the Sea two Vessels a Ship and a Pinnace and upon the tenth of May 1610. departed toward Virginia leaving onely two men behind them and carrying with them store of provision for the reliefe of the people there Vpon the 24. of May they arrived safely there and shortly after some of them returned to the Sommer Ilands againe for a further supply in the same Ship which they had formerly built there where Sir George Sommers dying his men did not according to his last charge given unto them returne to Virginia but framed their course for England leaving behind them three men that stayed voluntarily who shortly after found in Somerset Iland which is part of Sandys Tribe a very great treasure in Amber-greece to the value of nine or ten thousand pound sterling there hath also beene found since divers times of the best sort This new discovery of the Sommer Ilands being thus made knowne in England to the Virginian Company by these men which returned they sold to some hundred and twenty persons of the same Company who obtained a Charter from his Majesty and so hold it And toward the latter end of Aprill 1612. sent thither a ship called the Plough with some sixty persons to inhabite appointing Governour one Master Richard Moore a man ingenious and carefull who since died in Sir Walter Rawleyes last voyage to Guiana a place as appeareth by our moderne Geographers very rich and spatious But as I say he arrived there about the beginning of Iuly and found the foresaid three men that stayed voluntarily very well Master Moore spent three yeares of his government for the most part in fortifying the Country and trayning the people in martial exercises which custome hath beene continued by his successours he built some nine or tenne Forts placing Ordinance and Munition in them In his time the Lord sent upon the Countrey a very grievous scourge and punishment threatning the utter ruine and desolation of it That it came from God I need not strive to prove especially considering it was generally so acknowledged by us at that time The causes and occasions of it I need not name being very well knowne to us all that then lived there which were about 600. persons though shortly after much diminished I will onely shew the thing it selfe which was a wonderfull annoyance by silly Rats These Rats comming at the first out of a Ship few in number increased in the space of two year or lesse so exceedingly that they filled not onely those places where they were first landed But swimming from place to place spread themselves into all parts of the Countrey In so much that there was no Iland though severed by the Sea from all other Lands and many miles distant from the Iles where the Rats had their originall but was pestered with them They had their nests almost in every tree and in all places their Burrowes in the ground like Conies to harbour in They spared not the fruits of Plants or Trees neither the Plants themselves but eat them up When we had set our Corne they would commonly come by troupes the night following or so soone as it began to grow and digge it up againe If by diligent watching any of it were preserved till it came to caring it should then very hardly scape them Yea it was a difficult matter after we had it in our houses to save it from them for they became noysome even to the persons of men We used all diligence for the destroying of them nourishing many Cats wilde and tame for that purpose we used Rats-bane and many times set fire on the Woods so as the fire might runne halfe a mile or more before it were extinct Every man in the Countrey was enjoyned to set twelve Traps and some of their owne accord set neere a hundred which they visited twice or thrice in a night We trayned up our Dogs to hunt them wherein they grew so expert that a good Dog in two or three houres space would kill fortie or fiftie Rattes and other meanes we used to destroy them but could not prevaile finding them still to encrease against us Mappa AESTIVARUM Insularum alias Bermudas dictarum ad ostia Mexicani aestuarij iacentium in Latitudine Graduum 32 minutorum 25. Ab Anglia Londino Scilicet versus Iâ—â— notum 3300 Miliaribus Anglicanis et a Roanoack qui locus est in Virginia versus Euro notum 500 Mil. accu 〈…〉 A Mapp of the SOMMER 〈…〉 nds once called the â—â—rmudas Lying at the mouth 〈◊〉 the bay of Mexico in the â—titude of 32. degr 25. mi â—â—â—tant from England viz from â—â—â—don toward the west southâ—â—st 3300. miles And from â—â—anoack in Virginia toâ—â—rd the east south east â—â—0 miles exactlie Surveyed About this time or immediately before came thither a company of Ravens which continued with us all the time of this mortalitie and then departed There were not before that time nor since so farre as I heare any more of them seene there And this with some other reasons of more moment moved many
King Harold further aggravated by a Law That if any Welshman were found with any weapon on this side that Ditch he should forthwith have his right hand cut off The second partition was of King Athelstans device who finding that the Britains did still inhabit those other Western parts from the Lands end of Cornwall even unto Excester in Devonshire he not onely thrust them out of that Citie fortifying the same with vast trenches and a strong wall of squared stone to prevent their attempts but further ordered that they should containe themselves within the River Tamar whence that Promontory came to be named Corn-wall of the shape thereof like a Horne which they call Corn and of the Inhabitants which the Saxons called ƿealsh signifying Strangers 3 The like may be said of the particular Kingdomes that they attained not to those their certaine bounds the Kingly Titles but by degrees the whole Saxons State being anciently divided not into Shires but into sundry small Regions and those againe into Hides a Hide being foure yeard land or as others thinke as much as a Plow can till in one yeere as by an ancien Fragment preserved divulged by two most judicious Antiquaries may be seene wherein all the land lying on this side Humber is thus parted HIDES Myrcna containeth 30000. hides Woken setna 7000. hides Westerna 7000. hides Pec-setna 1200. hides Elmed-setna 600. hides Lindes-farona 7000. hides Suth-Gyrwa 600. hides North-Gyrwa 600. hides Fast-Gyrwa 600. hides East-Wixna 300. hides West-Wixna 6000. hides Spalda 600. hides Wigesta 900. hides Heresinna 1200. hides Sweordora 300. hides Eyfla 300. hides Wicca 300. hides Wight-gora 600. hides Noxgaga 5000. Hides Oht-gaga 2000. hides Hwynca 7000. hides Ciltern-setna 4000. hides Hendrica 3000. hides Vnecung-ga 1200. hides Aroseatna 600. hides Fearfinga 3000. hides Belmiga 600. hides Witherigga 600. hides East-Willa 600. hides West-Willa 600. hides East-Angle 30000. hides East-Sexena 7000. hides Cant-Warena 15000. hides Suth-Sexena 7000. hides West-Sexena 100000. hides 4 But when that seven-fold Heptarchie was brought to a Monarchy and the Kings from Pagans to be Christian professors Elfred that mirrour of Kings for the setling of his Kingdome and subjects under a due and certain course of Iustice and Government did first distribute his Kingdome into severall Countries called Shires of the Saxon word Scyre to cut or divide and into other under-governments of which let us heare Malmesburie By occasion saith he and example of the barbarous he meaneth the Danes the natural Inhabitants also were addicted to robberies so that none could passe in safetie without weapons for defence Elfred therefore ordained Centuries which they terme Hundreds and Decimes which they call Tythings that so every Englishman living under law should be within some Hundred and Tything And if a man were accused of any transgression he should forthwith bring in some of that same Hundred Tything And is a man were accused of any transgression he should forthwith bring in some of that same Hundred Tything that would be pledges for his appearance to answer the Law and he that could not finde such a suretie should abide the severitie thereof But in case any man standing thus accused either before or after such suretiship did flie then all that Hundred and Tything incurred a mulct imposed by the King c. By this device he brought peace into the Country so as in the very high wayes he commanded Bracelets of Gold to be hanged up to mocke the greedy passengers whiles none was found so hardy as to take them away 5 This Custome King Elfred might borow from the use he saw in military Government where the Generals direction found easiest successe by help of under-rulers Centurions and Decurions or hee might have it from the Germanes who kept Courts of Iustice in every Territory having a hundred men out of the People as Assistants to performe their Law-dayes By which his Partition and industrious care Peace and true dealing so flourished that a Wayfaring man losing in his journey any summe of money might a moneth after returne to the place and have it againe BRITAIN AS IT WAS DEVIDED in the tyme of the Englishe Saxons especially during their Heptarchy 7 So that hereby we see both the Saxons distributing of this Country in their highest glory and also the government thereof from the King whom they called their Conning either of his skill or power to the lowest in the land Other intermediate Governours throughout the Land next unto the Kings Counsellors where it seemeth those which the Saxons callen then Eal Sepmen though a name now more humbled and the Danes Eorles the chiefe Magistrates in Cities the Port gerefan Portgreves and Burghƿaren Burgesses For touching the name of laford whence we contract Lord it may seeme rather a name of honour and reverence then of civill authoritie so likewise Þein a stile for men of the better ranke as under-Þein a note of service and Ceorle or Churle of their Yeomanly condition who were also called gemen the Yeomanry 8 Since that first most politique distribution of K. Elfred the number of the said Shires have found some change for what their number was An. 1016. in the reign of King Ethelred Malmesbury sheweth The Danes saith he at this time when there were reckoned in England thirty-two Shires invaded no lesse then sixteene of them yea and afterwards also there were no more in number at that time the Land received a new threefold distribution according to the three sorts of Lawes by which it was governed that is West-Saxons Law Danish and Mercian First to the West-Saxon Law were the Counties of Kent Sussex Suthrie Berkshire Hantshire Wiltshire Sommersetshire Dorcetshire and Devonshire nine in number To the Danish lawes were obedient fifteene other Yorkshire Darbyshire Nottinghamshire Leicestershire Lincolneshire Northamptonshire Bedfordshire Buckinghamshire Hertfordshire Essex Middlesex Norfolke Suffolke Cambridgeshire and Huntingtonshire The Mercian Lawes ruled the eight Counties remaining which were Gloucestershire Worcestershire Herefordshire Warwickshire Oxfordshire Chesseshire Shropshire and Staffordshire 9 But when William the Conquerour had got the English Diademe upon his head and taxed the Kingdome with a generall survey we finde in that publike record of the Domes-day Bocke thirty foure named besides those of Durham Lācashire Northumberland Westmorland and Cumberland the three last lay exposed to the Scots and the other two freed from taxe to maintaine the Borders which five Counties being added to the other their number ariseth to thirty-nine and the thirteene Shires of Wales added to both make fiftie two Counties as we have at this day 10 But the Author of Polychronicon upon what warrant I know not reckons thirty sixe Shires and an halfe at the Conquerours survey wherein saith he were found fiftie two thousand and fourescore Townes fortie five thousand and two Parish-Churches seventie five thousand Knights-Fees whereof
twenty eight thousand and fifteene were of Religious order and yet among these he accounteth no part of Cornwall But from this report it may well be that Rossus Warwicanus complaineth of the depopulation of the Land which with Towne-ships saith he anciently had stood so bestrewed as a goodly Garden every where garnished with faire flowers 11 King Elfred the first divider instituted a Prefect or Lieutenant in every of these Counties which then were called Custodes and â—fterwards Earles saith Higdon who kept the Countrey in obedience to the King and suppressed the outrages of notorious robbers But Canutus the Dane when successe had set him upon the English Throne divided the care of his Kingdomes affaires into a foure-fold subjection to wit West-Sex Mercia Northumbre and East-England himselfe taking charge of the first and the greatest making three Tetrarches of especiall trust over the rest namely Edrich over Mercia Yrtus over Northumbre and Turkill over East-England Wales neither in this division nor that of King Elfred was any waies liable it being cut as we have said from England by King Offa but those remnants of the ancient Britaines divided likewise that Westerne Province into Kingdomes Cantreds and Commots as more largely we will shew in the plot of that Principalitie And this shall suffice for the division of England under the Saxons who enjoyed it the space of 567. yeeres from their first entrance under Hengist unto the death of Edmund Ironside and againe under Edward Confessor the terme of twenty yeeres 12 Now if any shall be so minutely curious as to enquire the meaning of the Emblematicall compartments bordering the Mappe the right side containeth the first seven Kings of that sevenfold State their Names their Kingdomes their Escocheons their yeeres of first aspiring the left side doth portraict the like of the seven first kings in each of those Kingdomes which by Christian Baptisme aspired to the hope of a Kingdome eternall 1. Ethelbert of Kent receiving Austens instruction 2. Sebert the East-Saxon converting by advice of B. Miletus the Temples of Diana and Apollo now S. Pauls in London and S. Peters in Westminster to the service of Christ. 3. Erpenwald the East-Angle received Baptisme by exhortation of King Edwin the Northumbrian though as it seemeth Edwin himselfe for a time deferred his owne Baptisme and was therefore martyred by his Pagan Subjects 4. Edwine the Northumbrian stirred up by a vision both to expect the Kingdome and to receive the Faith which he did by the preaching of Paulinus whom he made Arch-bishop of Yorke 5. Kingill the West Saxon converted by the preaching of S. Berinus whom he made Bishop of Dorcester neere Oxford 6. Peada the Mercian receiving Christian Faith by perswasion of Oswy King of Northumbers was murdered by his owne mothers some say his wives procurement 7. Ethelwolfe the South-Saxon Baptized at Oxford by S. Berinus where Wulpherus King of Mercia was his God father at Font. 13 And sith these Saxons first gave to this Iland the name of England we will here affixe for a close of all an ancient Epigram touching both this Country and her Name the rather because of late a principall part and prayse therein is surreptitiously against Lex Plagiaria taken from England and ascribed as proper to France A certaine Author saith Bartholomeus de proprietatibus rerum thus in verse describeth England Anglia terra ferox fertilis Angulus Orbis Insula praedives quae toto vix eget Orbe Et cujus totus indiget Orbis ope Angliaplenajocis Gens Libera aptajocari Libera Gens cui libera mens libera lingua Sed linguâ melior liberiorque manus ENGLAND fierce Land Worlds Angle fertile art Rich I le thou needst no other Countries Mart Each other Country yet thy succour needs ENGLAND Ioyes Land be free and joyous long Free Race free Grace free Kind free Mind Tongue Yet Hands passe Tongues for free and glorious deeds THE TYPE OF THE FLORISHING KINGDOME OF ENGLAND VVITH THE GENERALL DESCRIPTION OF IT AS IT WAS FROM THE TIME OF THE NORMANS CHAPTER III. THE Saxons glory now neer to expire by his appointment who holdeth both times and Kingdomes in his all-ordering hand their owne swords being the instruments and the Danes the maules that beat their beautifull Diademe into pieces the Normans a stirring Nation neither expected nor much feared under the leading of William their Duke and encouragement of the Romane Bishop an usuall promoter hereof broken titles made hither sodainly into England who inone onely battell with the title of his sword and slaughter of Harold set the Emperiall Crown thereof upon his own head which no sooner was done but the English went downe and the Normans lording it became owners of those Cities which themselves never built possessed those Vineyards which they never planted dranke of those Wels which they never had digged and inhabited those houses filled With riches for which they never had laboured for they found it to be as the Land whereupon the Lord set his eye even from the beginning to the end of the yeer not onely drinking water of the raine of heaven but having also Rivers of waters and fountaines in her valleyes and without all scarcitie whose stones are yron and out of whose mountains is digged brasse This made them more resolute at first to settle themselves in this fairest and fruitfullest part of the Iland the Conquerour using all policy both Martial and Civill to plant his posterity here for ever How he found the Land governed we shewed in the Heptarchie but his restlesse thoughts were not contented with conquering the Nation and their Land unlesse he also overcame their very Customes Lawes and Language 2 Touching the distribution of the Kingdome whereas other kings before him made use of it chiefly for good of the people and better ministring of Iustice he made use of it to know the wealth of his Subjects and to enrich his Coffers for he caused a description to be made of all England how much land every one of his Barons possessed how many Knights fees how many Plow-lands how many in villanage how many head of beasts yea how much ready money every man from the greatest to the least did possesse and what rents might be made of every mans possession the Booke of which inquisition yet in the Exchequer was called Domes-day for the generalitie of that Iudgement on all the Land Whereunto we may adde his other distribution of this Land worse then any former when thrusting the English out of their possessions he distributed their inheritances to his Souldierâ— yet so that all should be held of the King as of the onely triâ— Lord and possessor 3 For the Lawes by which he meant to governe he held one excellent rule and purpose which was that a People ought to be ruled by Lawes written and certaine
for otherwise new Iudges would still bring new Iudgements and therefore he caused twelve to be chosen out of every Countie which should on their oath without inclining one way or other neither adding nor detracting open unto him all their ancient Laws and Customes By whose relation understanding that three sorts of Lawes formerly were in the Land Merchenlage West-Saxon-lage Dane-lage he had preferred these last himselfe and People being anciently derived from those Northern people had not all the Barons bewayling to the King how grievous it was for a Land to be iudged by those Lawes which they understood not altered his resolute purpose yet in bringing in the strange formes of Normas Processe and pleading in the French tongue which continued till Edward the thirds time that grievance was but slenderly prevented So likewise did he much alter the old Courts of Iustice where these Lawes should be ministred but whereas the ancient Kings of England according to Moses his example sate in person in the seate of Iustice to right the greater affaires of their Subjects as William Lambert sheweth in King Alfred Edgar Canutus c. and proves out of the Kings Oath out of Bracton Britain Saxon-Lawes c. King William not only continued this but besides erected some other Courts of Iustice as the Exchequer and certaine Courts and Sessions to be held foure times every yeere appointing both Iudges some to heare causes others to whom appeales should be made but none from them and also Prefects to looke to good orders Those last Polydore calleth Iustices of Peace but their institution seemes to be far later and no lesse is his errour on the other side in saying the Conquerour first instituted Sheriffes and the triall by twelve men which were both ancienter 4 And because the Conquerour for honour of Bishops caused them to remove from small obscure places to Cities of more renowne we have therefore reserved to this last place that division of this Kingdome which is according to Iurisdiction Episcopall Formerly in the yeer of salvation 636. Honorius the fift Archbishop of Canterbury first divided England into Parishes which at this day are contained under their severall Diocesans and these againe under their two Metropolitanes Canterbury and Yorke in manner following THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND YORKE Yorke Yorkshire Nottinghamshire 581. Chester Cheshire Richmondshire Cumberland part Lancashire 256. Carlile Cumberland part Westmorland 93. Durham Durham Northumberland 135. Sodor Man Iland 17. Totall Bishopricks 27. Parishes 9285. 5 To speake nothing of these twenty eight Flamins the Priests of Idolatry and the three Arch-Flamins whose seats were at London Caerlion and Yorke all of them converted by King Lucius into Christian Bishops Sees let us onely insist upon the three last by the same King appointed to be Metropolitanes over the rest among whom London is said to be chiefe whos 's first Christian Arch-bishop was Thean the builder of S. Peters Church in Cornehill for his Cathedrall as by an ancient Table there lately hanging was affirmed and tradition to this day doth hold Our British Historians doe bring a succession of fifteene Arch-bishops to have sate from his time unto the coming of the Saxons whose last was Vodius slaine by King Vortiger for reprehending his heathenish marriage with Rowen the daughter of Hengist At what time began the misery of the Land and of holy Religion both which they laid waste under their prophane feete untill Ethelbert of Kent the first Christian Saxon King advanced Christianity and Augustine to the Arch-bishoprick of Canterbury when London under Melitus became subject to that See 6 At Caerlion upon Vske in the time of great Arthur sate Dubritius a man excellently learned and of an holy conversation he had sate Bishop of Landaffe a long time and with Germanus and Lupus two French Bishops greatly impugned the Pelagian Heresie infecting at that time the Island very farre whose fame and integritie was such that he was made Arch-bishop of all Wales but growne very old he resigned the same unto David his Disciple a man of greater birth but greater austeritie of life who by consent of King Arthur removed his Arch-bishops See unto Menevia a place very solitary and meet for meditation the miracles of the man which are said to be many changed both the name of the place into his owne and robbed Caerlion of her Archiepiscopall seat This See of S. Davids as in an ancient Register belonging to that Church is recorded had seven Bishops Suffraganes subject unto it which were Exceter Bathe Hereford Landaffe Bangor S. Asaph and Fernes in Ireland Notwithstanding either for want of Pall carried into Britanny by Arch-bishop Sampson in a dangerous infection of sicknesse either by poverty or negligence it lost that Iurisdiction and in the dayes of King Henry the first became subject to the See of Canterbury 7 Yorke hath had better successe then either of the former in retaining her originall honour though much impaired in her circuit challenging to have beene sometime Metropolitane over all the Bishops in Scotland and although it was made equall in honour and power with Canterbury by Pope Gregory as Beda relateth and had twelve Suffragan Bishopricks that owed obedience onely foure now acknowledge Yorke their Metropolitane but Canterburie the Superiour for William the Conquerour thinking it dangerous to have two in like authoritie lest the one should set on his Crowne and the other strike it off left Yorke to be a Primate but Canterbury onely the Primate of all England 8 That Lichfield was made an Archiepiscopall See by Pope Hadrian the first at the suite of Offa the great King of Mercia is manifested by Matthew of Westminster unto whose Iurisdiction were assigned the Bishoprickes of Winchester Hereford Leicester Sidnacester Helmham and Dunwich and whose first and last Arch-bishop was Aldwin That Winchester also had intended an Archiepiscopall Pall the same Authour recordeth when Henry Bloys of the blood-royall greatly contended with the Arch-bishop of Canterburie for superiority under the pretence of being Cardinall de latere to him an Archiepiscopall Pall was sent with power and authority over seven Churches but he dying before that the designe was done the See of Winchester remained in subjection to Canterburie And that long before the See of Dorchester by Oxford had the Iurisdiction of an Arch-bishop is apparent by those Provinces that were under his Diocesse which were Winchester Oxford Lincolne Salisbury Bristow Wels Lichfield Chester and Excester and the first Bishop of this great Circuit Berinus was called the Apostle and Bishop of the West-Saxons which in his next successour was divided into two parts Winchester and Dorchester and not long after into Lichfield Sidnacester and Legecester and lastly the See removed from Dorchester to Lincolne as now it is And thus farre for the division of this Realme both Politicke and Ecclesiasticke as it hath stood and stands at this day 9 But the
have stood eight faire and strong Castles such were Addington Darking Starburg Rygate Guilford Farnham Goseford and Brenchingley but of greater State are Oking Otlands Non-such and Richmond his Majesties royall Mannors And for service to the Crowne or Common-wealths imployments this Counties division is into thirteene Hundreds wherein are seated eight Market-towns and one hundred and fortie Parish-Churches as in the Table following is inserted SURREY DESCRIBED AND DIVIDED INTO HUNDREDS HVNDREDS IN SURREY 1. CHertsey 2. Woking 3. Fernham 4. Godalming 5. Emley 6. Kingston 7. Brixton 8. Croydon 9. Tanridge 10. Reygate 11. Copthorne 12. Darking 13. Blackheath A Abinger Dark Abroke Emley Abscourt Emley Addington Croydon Adleston Chert Adscombe Croydon Albury Black S. Annes Hill Chert Anuvall Fern. Artingten Godal Ashe Woking Ashted Copthorne Awford Black B Badshott Fern. Bagshott Woking Bansted Croydon Barne Brix Barnelmes Brixt. Basingstone Woking Battersey Brixt. Baynardâ— Black Beachwâ—râ—h West Darking Beachworth East Reyg Bediâ—gton Croydon Binscombe Godalm Bisley Chert Bishops Court Tanr. Blackheath Woking Bletching Forrein Tanr. Bletchingleigh Tanr. Blockâ—ield Tanr. Bokham great Copthorne Bokham little Copthorne Bradley VVoking Bramley Black Brookham Reyg Brookwood Woking Buckham lane Chert Buckland Reyg Burgate Godal Burghouse Copth. Burphants Woking Burstow Reyg Burstow Parâ—e Tanr. Burstow lodge Tanr. Byflet Chert C Camerwell Brixt. Capell Dark Carshalton Croydon Caterham Tanr. Cattershull Godal Cawswaye Dark Chaldon Croydon Charte Fern. Chartwood Reyg Cheame Croydon Chellsham Tanr. Chergworth Emley Chertsey Chert Chesyington Copth. Chiddingfold Godal Chilworth Black Chipsteed Reyg Cleagate Kingstone Clandon West VVoking Clandon East VVoking Clapham Brixt. Cobham Emley Cobham Chert Cobham streat Emley Combe Parke Brix Combe Nevill King Cookham little Cop. Cookham great Cop. Colley Reyg Compton Fern. Compton Godal Consford Black Cranley Black Crowhurst Tanr. CROYDON Croyd. Culsdon Croyd. D DARKING Darking Deddington Croyd. Dovers Reyg Dulwich Brix Dunsfold Black Dytton thames Kingst Dytton long Kingst E Ebbesham Cop. Ebbesham Court Cop. Effingham Cop. Egham Chert Elsted Fern. Embhams Godal Enton Godal Esher Emley Esher parke Emley Eshing Godal Ewell Cop. Ewhurst Black Eywood Dark F Farley Tanr. Farnecome Godal FARNEHAM Fern. Fawell Cop. Fetcham Cop. Flanchford Reyg Frensham Fern. Frimley Chert G Gatton Reyg S. George Hill Emley Glashouse Black GODALMING Co. Godstone Tan. Goldwhurd Tan. GVILDFORD Wok. Guildford Manour Woking Gumshall Black H Hackstall Tan. Haling Croydon Ham Reyg Hambledon Godal Hamhaw Chert Hartmere Godal Hascombe Black Hasilmere Godal Hatcham Brixt. Haw Dark Hedley Cop. Henley Parke Woking Hindhead Godal Hodg Court Tan. Holmbury Black Holwoodborow Dar. Horley Reyg Horstell Chert Horsley West Woking Horsley East Woking Horton Cop. Hourne Tan. K Katerham Tan. Katern hill VVoking Kennington Brix Kewe Kingst Kings hill Brix KINGSTONE upon Thames King Kingfield Tan. Knole Black Kynnersley Reyg L Lagham Tan. Lambeith Brix Lambeith deane Brix Lambeith marsh Brix Lathesley Godal Laystrete Reyg Leighe Reyg Leth Dark Letherhead Cop. Lingfield Tan. Lingfield strete Reyg Littleton Godal Loxley Black Limsfield Tan. M Malden King Martin Nevill Brix Martins on the hill Black Mayfort Woking Merrowe Woking Merstham Reyg Mickleham Copt Milton Dark Mitcham Croydon Molsey West Emley Molsey East King Morden Croydon Morden Tan. Morehouse Fern. Mortclacke Brix Mounsted Black Mylford Godal N Newarke Woking Newchappell Tan. Newington Brix Newlodge Chert Non-such Croydon Norbury Cop. Nore Black Nudigate Reyg Nuttfield Reyg O Ockham Woking Ockley Dark Ognersh Black Okeley Dark Okested Tan. Okewood Black Otlands Emley Oxenford Godal P Peckham Brix Pecham Rye Brix Pensgreene Brix Pepperharrow Godal Pettersham King Pirford Chert Pittfall Godal Polsdon Cop. Polsted Godal Pophole Godal Potnol Chert Poundhill Tan. Poyle Fern. Preston Cop. Purbright Woking Purtenham Godal Putney Brix R Redrith Brixt. REYGATE Reyg Reygato Foren Reyg Reygate Church Reyg Richmond Kingst Ripleyff Wok. Robarns Wok. Rowhampton Brix Runfold Fern. Runwick alias Dipnel Fern. S Sanderste Croydon Salton upon Thamesis Emley Salton on the hill Cop. Sansted Cop. Scotsland Black Scale Fern. Send Wok Shakleford Godal Shalford Black Shellwood Reyg Shere Black Shipley bridge Tan. Shipley bridge Reyg Shooland Godal Shotover mill Godal Shine King Shine East Brix Sidlum Reyg Slyfield Cop. Smalefield Tan. South Parke Tan. SOVTHWARKE Brixt. Stanesborne King Starburg Tan. Stenestreete Dark Stockwell Brix Stoke Woking Stoke dauborne Emley Stowghton Wok Stretham Brix Stroud Chert Sutton Croydon Sydney Black T Tadwort Cop. Talworth Court King Tangley Black Tanridge Tan. Tatesfield Tan. Temple Dar. Thorpe Chert Thursley Godal Tilford Fern. Titting Woking Tittesley Tan. Tongham Fern. Towting graveney Brix Towting becke Brix Trotworth Chert V Vachery Black Vnsted Black W Walkamsted Tan. Wallington Croydon Walton Cop. Walton Emley Walworth Brix Wanborow Woking Wansworth Brix Warlingham Tan. Warmingfold Black Waverley Fern. Waybridge Emley Wescot Dark Weston Black Westwood Woking Wheler streete Godal Whitley Godal Wiggy Reyg The Wild Godal Willmore pound Cop. Willy Reyg Wimbledon Brix Windlesham Woking Winsham Chert Wisley Chert Witley Godal Wodham Chert Wodham lane Chert Woking Woking Woocote Croyd. Woodcocke bride Tan. Woodhatch Reyg Woodmanstone Croyd. Wooldingham Tan. Worplesdon Woking Worplesdon Woking Wotton Dark Wrecklesham Fern. Wyke Woking HANT-SHIRE by the Saxons written Handeschyr lying upon the West of England is bordered upon the North by Barke-shire upon the East with Surrey and Sussex upon the South with the British Seas and I le of Wight and upon the West with Dorset and Wilt-shire 2 The length thereof from Blackwater in the North upon Surrey unto Bascomb in the South upon the Sea extended in a right line is fifty foure English miles and the bredth drawn from Petersfield in the East unto Tidworth in the West and confines of Wilt-shire is little lesse then thirty miles the whole circumference about an hundred fifty five miles 3 The Ayre is temperate though somewhat thicke by reason of the Seas and the many Rivers that thorow the Shire doe fall whose plentie of fish and fruitfull increase doe manifoldly redeeme the harmes which they make 4 The Soile is rich for Corne and Cattle pleasant for pasturage and plenteous for Woods in a word in all commodities either for Sea or Land blessed and happy 5 Havens it hath and those commodious both to let in and to loose out ships of great burthen in trade of Merchandize or other imployments whereof Portsmouth Tichfield Hamble and South-hampton are chiefe besides many other creekes that open their bosomes into those Seas and the Coast strengthned with many strong Castles such as Hurst Calshot South-hampton Saint Andrewes Worth Porchester and the South Castle besides other Bulwarkes or Block-houses that secure the Countrey And further in the Land as Malwood Winchester and Odiam so strong that in the time of King Iohn thirteene English-men only defended the Fort for fifteene dayes against Lewis of France that with a great Hoast assaulted it most hotly 6 Anciently it was possest upon the North by the Segontians who yeelded
erected which are eighteene Stones placed round in compasse and pitched twelve foot each from others with another farre bigger in the very center These doe shew some Victory there attained either by the Romans or else King Athelstane At the foot of the Rocks neere unto S. Michaels Mount in the memory of our Fathers were digged up Speare-heads Axes and Swords of Brasse wrapped in linnen the weapons that the Cimbrians and ancient Britaines anciently used At Camelford likewise peeces of Armours both for horse and man are many times found in digging of the ground imputed to be the signes of that fight wherein Mordred was slaine and wherein great Arthur received his deaths wound And at Castle-Dennys are the Trenches wherin the Danes lodged when they first minded to subdue the Land In the Parish S. Clare two stones are pitched one of them inscribed with a strange Character and the other called the other halfe stone the formes whereof we have expressed in the Mappe The Hurlers also fabuled to be men metamorphosed into stones but in truth shew a note of some victorie or else are so set for Land-markes Bounders There also the Wring cheese doth shew it selfe which are huge Rocks heaped one upon another and the lowest of them the least fashioned like a Cheese lying pressed under the rest of those Hilles which seemeth very dangerous to be passed under But neere to Pensans and unto Mounts bay a farre more strange Rocke standeth namely Main Amber which lyeth mounted upon others of meaner size with so equall a counterpoize that a man may move it with the push of his finger but no strength remove it out of his place 10 Religious houses built and suppressed within the limits of Cornwall the fairest and greatest for account were Launston S. Neotes S. Buriens S. Michaels Mount and S. Germans a Bishops See so was Bodman also from whence King Edward the Confessor removed it unto the Cities of Excester 11 The division of this Shire is into nine Hundreds wherein are seated twentie-two Market-Townes and 161. Parish-Churches whose names are Alphabetically gathered in the Table of this Chapter annexed CORNWALL Hundreds in Cornwall 1. PEnwith 2. Kerrier 3. Pider 4. Powder 5. West 6. Lesnewth 7. Trigge 8. Stratton 9. East A Aborrows Kerrier Adven Lesnew. S. Agnis Pid S. Allan Powd Alan flu Trig. Allâ—â—combe strat Alternon Lesnew. Castle Andenas Pid Anowtham pen. Anstell powd Anthony powd Anthony East East Anthony West East S. Anthony in menege Ker. Ancron Kerrier Ardevora powd Arthurshall Trig. Arwanack Ker. Arwothall Ker. Asalt East Ashfield powd B Bake East Baâ—lyn Pid Barrete powd Bedeve Trig. Bedwyn Trig. Beedshaven strat Benaflock powd Benallock Kerry S. Benet Pid Benye Lesnew. Bere strat Beriobridge East Berose Trig. Besill Lesnew. Betonet East Bickton East Bindon beacon We. Binerton Kerry Blackbitille point West Blaise powd Blislond Trig. Blostenim East Bochym Kerry Boconock West Bodregan powd BODMAN Trig. Bodrigy Pen. Bolisto Pen. Bonython Kerry Borden strat Borrow strat Botadon East Botalleck pen. Botsboro strat Bolcastle Lesnew. Boskenna pen. Bossassill pen. Bosvergus pen. Boyton stratt Breage Kerry Breland I le pen. Brâ—nâ— pid S. Breock pid Breward Trig. Bridgrule strat Bâ—odocke West Brouagelly west Buckern Trig. Buckehy Trig. Budocke Kerry Burgus pid Burian pen. S. Burien pen. Burlace pid Burnere Trig. Byneth wood East Bynnawy strat C Calstocke East Camborne pen. CAMEâ—FORD Le. Canalegie pid Canyjeck pen. Caradon Beacon East Carantack pid Cardynbam West Cargallomb West Cargem East Carmyono Kerry Carnonbigh pen. Carnon pid Carock passage west Caraglowse pen. Cary bay powd Casthorne pen. Cayne West Cayne bridge West Chasfrench East Cheswring East Clayper bridge East Cleader Les. S. Cleere West S. Clement powd S. Clements I le pen. Clifton East Clowans pen. Cober Flu. Colan little pid COLUMB great pid Columb lesse pid Colquite powd Combe powd Constenton Ker. Corbullock Parke East Cornely powd Cortether West Coswyn penw Court powd Cousham bay East Crackington Les. Creed powd Crigmere pid Crocadon East Crosthole East Crowan pen. Cubye powd Curye Kerry Coswath ped Cuttcall East Cuttbert pid The ruines of a Castle pen. D Davidstone Les. S. Daye Kerry S. Dennis powd Denmer bridge Trid. Dewloe West S. Dominick East Dounstocke Le. Dosmery poole West Driffe pen. Duckpoole strat Dudman point powd Dulo West Dunacombe strat Dunhevid alias East Daunceston East Dyzarde les E S. Earth East S. Eartham pen. Edith Chappell Trig. Edgcombe East Estorde strat Eglosaile Trig. Egloskerry East Endellion Trig. Enis Kerry Enedor pid Erme powd Erne East Ervan pid Ethy West Eva powd Evall pid F Fawey â—lu Falmouth haven powd Fentongallon powd Feocke powd Forybery Les. Foy Well Les. FOYE powd Foye haven West Frisie Kerry G Garlyn pen. Gennis Les. S. Germans East Germow Kerry Gerrance powd Gillet Les. Gluvyns Kerry Glyman pid Glynford West Gnarnack powd Godolphyn Kerry Godolphyn Hall Ker. Golant powd Golden powd Goon hilly downes Kerry Golsury pen. Grade Kerry GRAMPOUND powd Greston East Gudreny Isle pen. Gulnall pen. Gullrock pen. Gunhaskyn pid Gunwalow Kerry Gunwallaw Mount Kerry Grendron Kerry S. Gurran powd Gwindrath Bay powd Gwinier pen. Gwithion pen. Gwyn Rocke powd Gwynap Kerry H Hacton East Halâ— Flu. Hall VVest Ham strat Harlyn pid Haye East Helegan Trig. Helford Haven Ker. Helland Trig. Helland bridge Trig. Hensbery powd Helset Les. HELSTONE Ker. Helstonford East Hillary pen. Hilston strat Hinckons downe East Hurlers East I Jacobstowe strat Ilcombe strat Illogan pen. S. Johns Kerry S. Johns East S. Islac pid S. ITHIES pen. S. Ithies bay pen. S. Ive East Kern Ivis pen. S. Just powd S. Just pen. K Karnusack pen. S. Keave west Kellington East Kennegy pen. Kenwyn powd Kergoe pid Kern bridge East Kernbray pen. Kerneth powd Karnmargh Beacon pen. Kernsew Kerry Kelstle Kerry Keswell Trig. S. Keverne Kerry S. Kewe Trig. Kibberd pid Kilguh pen. Killiow powd Kilkamton strat Kiliegath west Killigrew powd Kilmarr East Kickleo Ker. Kirthies pen. Armed pen. Knight pen. L Ladocke powd Uny pen. Lalant pen. Lalant pen. Lamchan west Lamorram powd Lamornye point pen. Labren pid Lanbrigan pid Ladew East Landewenak Kerry Landilpe East Lands end pen. Lancaste East Langdon strat Langford strat Langhadern powd Lanhidrocke pid Lanivett pid Lanlyverrye powd Lanno Trig. Lanrake East Lanrest west Lansarllos west Lanteglas Les. Lanteglos west Lanwarnock west Lounce powd Launcells strat LAUNSTON Ea. S. Laurence Trig. Lawannicke East Lawhitton East Lawreth west Lee strat Lean Castle East Lelant pen. Lepperry pid Lesante East Lesnewth Les. Lesterman powd Levan pen. Levethan Trig. Lezante â—ast Lezard Kerry Lezard point Kerry Linkynhorne East Liver Flu. Looburg East west The Lowe Kerry Loo Flu. Lowe East west LOWE West west Ludgnam pen. Luggan pen. Lugion pen. Luland Isle Trig. Port powd Luny powd Luxulian powd LYSKERD we LYSTWITHIEL powd M Mabe Kerry S. Mabyn Trig. Madern pen. Madern pen. Madern Well pen. Magdalen Chappell Kerry Maker East Malader powd Manacka Kerry
should arise 6 This County among the common calamities of the Land when it lay trampled under the feet of the Danes sustained a part and after that in the time of King Stephen when the Civill Warres thundred betwixt Maud the Empresse and himselfe the Shire-town was sore wasted with great slaughter of men so when the Barons forsooke their allegeance to King Iohn the Towne and Castle were rendred up unto their hands and lastly by King Henry the third laid levell even with the ground some ruinous wals appearing towards the Ouse but not a stone left upon the Mount where stood his foundation 7 This Towne by the Britaine 's was called Lettidur by the Saxons Bedanford and of us Bedford being the chiefest in the County from whom it taketh the name and is most fruitfull and pleasantly seated having the Ouse running thorow the Towne in the middest and a faire Stone-Bridge built over the same whereon are two Gates to locke and impeach the passage as occasion shall serve At the first entrance standeth S. Leonards Hospitall for Lazars and further inwards S. Iohns and S. Maries Churches within the Towne S. Pauls a most beautifull Church S. Cuthberts and S. Peters without the Towne standeth the Fryers S. Loyes Alhallowes and Caudwell Abbey not farre thence sometimes stood a Chappell upon the Banke of Ouse wherein as Florilegus affirmeth the body of Offa the great Mercian King was interred but by the over-swelling of that River was borne downe and swallowed up whose Tombe of Lead as it were some phantasticall thing appeared often to them that seeke it not but to them that seeke it saith Rosse it is invisible This Towne is governed yeerely by a Major two Bailiffes two Chamberlaines a Recorder a Town-Clerke and three Sergeants with Mases 8 A tale of vaine credit is reported of Dunstable that it was built to bridle the outragiousnesse of a theefe named Dun by King Henry the first but certaine it is the place was formerly held by the Romans whose Legions there lay as appeareth by the Coines there usually found which from Magintum are corruptly called Madning-money 9 Castles in this Shire are Woodhill Eaton Temsford and Amphill an honour now appertaining to the Crown And places of Religion built by devout persons but for Idolatrous abuses againe abolished were at Bedford Harwood Helenstow Newenham Chicksand Wardon Woburne and Dunstable All these with their like felt the hand of Henry the eight to lie so heavy upon them that they were not able to sustaine the weight but were crushed to pieces and fell to the ground 10 The Graduation of this Countie taken for the Shire-Towne is placed from the Equator in the degree of 52. and 30. minutes for Latitude and is removed from the first West point of Longitude 20. degrees and 16. minutes 11 Whos 's Princely Families that have borne the Titles both of Dukes and Earles within the Map it selfe by names and their Armes are inserted as thou seest and whose Counties division are into nine Hundreds wherein are seated ten Market-Townes and one hundred and sixteene Parish-Churches BEDFORD SHIRE AND THE SITUATION OF BEDFORD described with the armes of thos Honorable Familyes that have borne the titles of Dukes and Earls thereof ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Bedford-shire HVNDREDS in Bedford shire 1. STodden Hund. 2. Barford Hund. 3. Wylly Hund. 4. Wixamtree Hund. 5. Biggleswad Hund. 6. Redbornstoke Hu 7. Flitt Hund. 8. Clifton Hund. 9. Manshead Hund. A ANTHIL Redborne Arlesey Clift Ascotts Wixam. Aspley guise Mansh. Aswicke Biggle. B Barford Barford Barkmaw Parke Redbor Battledon Mansh. Beckring Parke Mansh. BEDFORD Wylly Beeston Wixam. Bletsoe Wylly Berkford Biggle. Berton Flitt BIGGLESWADE Big Billington Mans. Biscott Flitt Blunham Wixam. Bolnhurst Stod Brome Wixam. Brunham Wylly Bushmead Barford Byddenham Wylly C Caddington Flitt Calmworth Barford Cambleton Clift Cardington Wixam. Carleton Wylly Caysooe Stodden Chalgrave Mans. Chaulton Flitt Chellington Wylly Chicksend Wixam. Clapham Stodden Claphill Flitt Clifton Clifton Clipson Mans. Cranfield Redborne Crawley Husband Mans. Cuphull Wixam. D Deane over Stodden Deane nether Stodden DVNSTABLE Mans. Dunton Biggle. E Eaton Mans. Eaton Sotton Barford Edworth Biggle. Eggington Mans. Elmersham Wylly Elstowe Redborne Euerdon Biggle. Euersholt Mans. Eyworth Biggle. F Farndish Wylly Flitton Flitt Flitwick Redborne Faldo Flitt G Goldington Barford Gravenerstes Flitt Gravenhurst over Flitt Gravenhurst nether Flitt H Harwood Wylly Harlington Mans. Hatch Wixam. Hatley Port Biggle. Hatley Coking Biggle. Hawnes Flitt Haxton Flitt Heath Mans. Henlowe Clifton Hide East Flitt Hide West Flitt Higham goben Flitt Hill Wixam. Hockecliffe Mans. Holcott Mans. Holme Biggle. Houghton conquest Redborne Houghton Kings Mans. Howell Clifton K Kempfton Redborne Knotting Stodden L Lanford Biggle. Legenho Redborne LEIGHTON buzard Mans. Ligrave Flitt Limbene Flitt Littleton Redborne LVTON Flitt M Mauldon Redborne Margatt Man Melchborne Stodden Mepshall Clifton Merston morton Redborne Milbrooke Redborne Milhoe Biggle. Milton Briaw Mans. Mograrige Wixam. Miltonernes Stodden N Newnehame Wylly Norhill Wixam. O Ocley Wylly Ockley Stodden Ouse Flu. P Patenham Wylly Peggifton Flitt Pettenhull Stodden Poddington VVylly Potesgrave Mans. POTTON Biggle. Pullox hill Flitt R Radwell VVylly Ravensdon Barford Reynold Barford Ridgemond Redborne Rysely Stodden Rokkesdon Barford Ruche Mans. S Sandey Biggle. Sawford Mans. Scotfeild Clifton Segnowall Mans. Sharnbrocke VVylly Sharpenho Flitt SHEFFORD Clift Shelton Stodden Shidlington Clifton Shillington Flitt Silvisho Flitt Sondon Flitt Souldroppe VVylly Southill VVixam Stagden VVylly Stanbridge Mans. Standen over Clifton Standen nether Clifton Stanford VVixam Steppingley Redborne Steventon VVylly Stopseley Flitt Stoughton little Stodden Stratton Biggle. Stretley Flitt Studham Mans. Sundon Clifton Summers Flitt Sutton Biggle. T Taternall Mans. Tempsford Biggle. Tettworth Biggle. Tenkseke Redborne Thorncott VVixam Thurlye VVylly Tilesworth Mans. Tylbroke Stodden Tylworth Mans. Tyngrave Mans. TVDDINGTON M. Turvey VVylly W Werdon old VVixam Westning Mans. Whipsand Mans. Wildon Barford Wilshamstead Redborn Willington VVixam WOBORNE Mans. Woborne Abbey Man Wodhill VVylly Woodenden Mans. Wotton Redborne Womnleighton Biggl Wrast Flitt Wrestingworth Biggle. Wynyngton VVylly Y Yeldon Stodden BVCKINGHAM-SHIRE CHAPTER XXII BUCKINGHAM for the plenty of Beech trees there growing and those in the elder times of the Saxons called Bucken may well be supposed from them to have the Name as afterwards the whole Shire had hers from this Towne BUCKINGHAM 2 In forme it somewhat resembleth a Lion Rampant whose head or North-point toucheth the Counties of Northampton and Bedford whose backe or East-part is backed by Bedford and Hertford-shires his loynes or South-borders rest upon Barkeshire and his breast the West side is butted upon wholly by Oxford-shire The length thereof from Waisbury in the South to Bradfeld in her North are thirty nine miles the breadth at the broadest from Ashbridge in the East to Brenwood Forest in the West are eighteene the whole in circumference
Slaugh Slaughter the upper Slaugh Slimbride berk Snowshull Kist. Sodbury little Gromb. Sodbury old Gromb. Solars brad Southam Cleeve Southorpe brit Southweeke Tew Standish Whitst. Stanley Kings Whitst. Stanley Leonard Whitst. Stanley Poutlarge Kist. Stanton briav Staunton Kist. Stanway Church Tew Stanway Wood Tew Stapleton barton Starton Dirh. Steanbridge bisl. Stinchcombe berk Stoke Kist. Stoke Bishops Henb. Stoke Gifford Henb. Stoke Lodge Henb. Stoke Orchard Cleeve Stone berk Stone-house Whitst. STOW on the Wowld Slaugh Stowell brad Stowicke Henb. Streatton Croth STROUD bisl. Stroud Flu. Suddington Langley Croth Sutton Glocest. Sutton under brayles Westm. Suilliat Flu. Swell the higher Kist. Swell the lesser Slaugh Swindon Chelt Syde Raps Synwell berk Syston Pockle T Tadilthorpe Slaugh Teintons botl TETBURY Longt. TEWEKEâ—BURY Tew THORNBURY Thorn Thormarton brad Throngham bâ—sl Tibberton botl Titherington Thorneb Tockington Lâ—â—g Toddenâ—aâ— West Todenham Kist. Toddington Tew Todington Kist. Tormerton Gromb. Torworth Gromb. Tuddington Kist. Tuffley Dudst. Tunley bisl. Turkedean brad Turfeild Gromb. Twiggeworth Dudst. Twinning Kist. Twyning Tew Treacle Westb Treddington Tew Tresham Gromb. Tyddenham West Tyrley Dirh. Tyrley West V Uckington Dirh. S. Vincents Râ—cke bart Vineyard Westmin Uley berk Upleadon botl Upton Longt. Upton S. Leonard Duâ—st Urcote Swin W Walford Kist. Walland Lang. Walton Tew Washborne Worcest Cou. Tew Wapliegh Gromb. Wanswell berk Waynlode-hill Glocest. Weeke Pock Welford Dirh. Westall Chelt Westbury West Westbury upon Triâ—n Henb. Westcott Slaugh Westerleygh Pockle Westington Kist. Weston Birt Long. Weston Regis Henb. Weston Lawrence Men. Weston under edge Kist. Whaddon Dudst. Whetenburst Whitst. Whitfeild West Whiteley Parke berk Whitmyster Whitst. Whittington brad Wickrissington Slaugh WICKWARRE Grom Wickwick Lang. Widford Glocest. Willersey Kist. WINCHCOMB Kist. Windridge Slaugh Windrush Flu. Windrush Slaugh Winston brad Winston bisl. Wintesborne Lang. WITCOMBE GREAT Dudst. Witcombe little Dudst. Withibridge West Woodchester Longt. Woodmancott Cleeve Woodmancott berk Woodmercott Raps Woolaston West Woolston Dirh. Wormington little Kist. Wortly berk Wotton Dudst. WOTTON underedge Wot Wowlsworth Longt. Wye Flu. Wyke Puck Wythington brad Y Yate Henb. Yate Gromb. Yartelton Hill botl Yeonworth brad HEREFORD-SHIRE formerly accounted within the limits of Wales lyeth circulated upon the North with Worcester and Shrop-shire upon the East with Malverne Hils is parted from Glocester-shire upon the South is kept in with Monmouth-shire and upon the West in part with the Hatterall Hils is divided from Brecknok and the rest confined with Radnor shire 2 This Counties climate is most healthfull and temperate and soyle so fertile for Corn and Cattle that no place in England yeeldeth more or better conditioned sweet Rivers running as veynes in the body doe make the corne bearing grounds in some of her parts rightly to be termed the Gilden Vale and for Waters Wooll and Wheat doth contend with Nilus Colchos and Egypt such are Lemster and Irchenfeild the Banks of Wye Lug and Frome 3 The ancient people knowne to the Romanes whose power they well felt before they could subdue them were the Silurâ—s placed by Ptolemy in this Tract and branched further into Radnor Brecknok Monmouth and Glamorgan-shires at this day by us called South-Wales and by the Welsh Deheuharth Their Originall as Tacitus conjectureth by their site coloured countenances and curled haire was out of Spaine and as both he and Plinie describes them were fierce valiant and impatient of servitude which well they shewed under Caratacus their Captaine and nine yeeres scourge to the Romane assaulters for whose onely conquest and that made by treachery the Victor in Rome triumphed with more then a usuall Aspect and with so equall an hand bare the Scoale of Resistance that their owne Writers evermore terme it a dangerous Warre For the Legion of Marius Valens they put to flight and that with such havock of the Associates that Ostorius the Lieutenant of Britaine for very griefe gave up his ghost and Veranius under Nero assaulted them in vaine But when Vespasian was Emperour and expert Souldiers imployed into every Province Iulius Frontinus subdued those Silures unto the Romanes where continually some of their Legions afterward kept till all was abandoned in Valentinians time 4 The Saxons then made themselves Lords of this Land and this Province a part of their Mercians Kingdome yea and Sutton the Court of great Offa their King 5 But Hereford after raised of the ruines of old Artconium now Kenchester shaken in pieces by a violent earth-quake grew to great fame through a conceived sanctitie by the buriall of Ethelbert King of the East-Angles slaine at Sutton by Offa at what time he came thither to have espoused his Daughter whose grave was first made at Marden but afterwards canonized and removed to this City when in honour of him was built the Cathedrall Church by Milfrid a petty King of that Country which Grufsith Prince of South-Wales and Algar an Englishman rebelling against King Edward Confessor consumed with fire but by Bishop Reinelin was restored as now it is at what time the Towne was walled and is so remaining in good repaire having six gates for entrance and fifteen Watch-Towers for defence extending in compasse to fifteen hundred paces and whence the North-Pole is observed to be raised 52. deg 27. min in Latitude and is set from the first point of the West in Longitude 17. deg and 30. min. being yeerly governed by a Major chosen out of one and thirtie Citizens which are commonly called the Election and he ever after is known for an Alderman and clothed in Scarlet whereof foure of the eldest are Justices of Peace graced with a Sword-bearer a Recorder a Town-Clerke and foure Sergeants with Mace The greatest glory that this Citie received was in King Athelstans dayes where as Malmesbury doth report he caused the Lords of Wales by way of Tribute to pay yeerely besides Hawkes and Hounds twentie pound of Gold and three hundred pound of Silver by waight but how that was performed and continued I finde not 6 Things of rare note in this Shire are said to be Bone-well a spring not far from Richards Castle wherein are continually found little Fishes bones but not a fin seene and being wholly cleansed thereof will notwithstanding have againe the like whether naturally produced or in veynes thither brought no man knoweth 7 But more admirable was the work of the Omnipotent even in our own remembrances and yeere of Christ Jesus 1571. when the Marcley Hill in the East of this Shire rouzed it selfe out of a dead sleep with a roaring noise removed from the place where it stood and for three dayes together travelled from her first site to the great amazement and feare of the beholders It began to journey upon the seventh day of February being Saturday at six of the Clocke at night and by seven in the next morning had gone fortie paces carrying with it Sheepe in their coates hedge-rowes and trees whereof some were overturned and
place Woods are not much wanted the Rivers serving Coale as the Moores Turffe for fuell 2 This Content wa as the whole Continent Forrest untill Canuâ—â—â— gave this Law of grace Vt quisque tam in agris quam in silvis excitet agiâ—â—â— seras Long were the hands of Kings to pull of old the Subjects right into Regall pleasure when Perambulation and Proclamation onely might make any mans land Forrest It is in the first Williams time a Phrase in Record not rare Silva hujus Manâ—rii FOâ—â—ST EST missa in Silvam Regis from which word of power Forrest may seeme not unaptly to be derived Câ—â— videbat Henricus primus tres Bissas fitting his Forrest of Lyâ—ield he caused Husculphus his Raunger to keepe them for his Game as the Record doth testifie Thus did the second of his name and the first Richard an many parts well therefore may the Exchequer Book call the Forrest Justice for Vert and Venison not Iustum absolute but 〈◊〉 secundum Legem Foresta That Foresta is defined Tuta scrarum statio may seeme to consine the Forresters Office onely to his Games care which of ancient was as well over Minerall and Maritimall revenew The office of Baldwine the great Forrester of Flanders Non agrum tantum spectabat sed Maris custodiam saith Tillius out of the old Charters of the French Kings And see how just this squares to our Legall practise for of Assarts Parpresiures Emprovement Greenhâ—gh Herbage Paunage Fowles Milâ— Honey Mine Quarries and 〈◊〉 at Sea did the â—â—nerall Justice of the Forrest here enquire His Subjects of this Shire Henry the second from servitude of his beasts whose Grand-father pro feris hominâ—s 〈◊〉 exhaâ—redâ—taâ—is matilavit trucidavit did pretend by Charter to enfranchise except Wabridge Staple Herthy his own Demaines But such was the succesie by encrochments under his two succeeding Sonnes that it drew on the oppressed people to importune anew the Soveraigne redresse which was by the great Charter of the third Henry fruitlesly effected His sonne in the 7. of his raigne by a Perambulation resuming back the fruit of his fathers goodnes and so retaining untill in his 29. yeare by Petition and purchase of his people for they gave him a sull â—â—fteene he confirmed the former Charter and by Jury View and Perambulation settled that Boundary of Forrest which contented the people became the square of universall Justice in this kinde and left in this Shire no more then the three former his own grounds Forrest 3 This Shire hath foure Centuriata or hundreds and had of old time five these so called Qâ—ia prima institutione ex Hiderum aliquot centenariis composita These are subdivided into 79. Parishes whereof five besides the Shire-Town have Markets These Parishes are measured by Hides and Carucks or Plough-lands more or lesse as either richnesse of Soâ—le or strength of the Lord strengthened or extended their limits the Masse in whole containing of the first sort 〈◊〉 and of the other 1136. These Hides the ancient and generall measure of land except in Kent where the account was by Solins or Lincolnshire Vbi non sunt Hidae sed pro Hidis siâ—â— Carucaâ—ae were esteemed one hundred Acres non Normanâ—â—o sed Angliâ—â— numero una Hida pro sexies viginti Aâ—ris duo pro duodâ—â—â—s viginti as in the Book of Domesday Caruca the Teame-land not Carucata for they be different was in quantitie of Acres proportioned to the qualitie of Soile but usually in this Shire reputed 60. The Virgata or Yard-land was a more or lesse part of the Hide as the Acres in number varied which I finde in this Countie from 18. to 42. but for the most part 30. which was the halfe Plough-land And the Bovata or Oxgang presumed in law for land in Granary was suited in number of Acres to that Yard-land of which it was a moitie Thus except in the â—ennes laid out per Loucas quarentenas miles and furlongs stands all a measurement of land in this Shire which containeth the Knights Fees 53. one half 2. fifts and a twentieth part And in full estimation of rent and worth rose in the time of the Conquerour to 912. l. 4. s. and now payeth in Fifteene to the King 371. l. 9. s. 7. d. ob and in tenth from the Clergie 142. l. 6. s. q. 5 This Countie in decision of Titles and administration of Justice did at the first as the Germans our Ancestors Iura per pago viâ—os reddere Every Township by their Friburgi or Teumentall as Triers and the Baron Thain or Head-lord there or the Decanus a good Freeholder his Deputie as Judge determining all civill causes a representation of this remaineth still in our Court-Leete Above this and held 12. times a year was our Hundred or Wapentake Quae super decem Decanos et centum Friburgos judicabat Here the Judges were the Aldermen and Barons or Freeholders of that Hundred Acgelwinus Aldermannus tenuit placitum cum toto Hundredo saith the book of Ely This Court had Cognoscence of Causes Ecclesiasticall as Temporall therefore the Judge or Alderman ought to be such as Dei leges et hominum jura stu lebat promoâ—ere thus it went although the Conquerour commanded Ne altquis de legibus Episcopalibus amplius in Hundredo placita teneret The next and highest in this Shire was Generale placitum Comitatus the Countie or Sheriffes Court to which were proper Placita Civilia ubi curiae Dominorum proâ—antur defecisse Et si placitum exurgat inter Vavasores duorum Dominorum tractetur in Comiâ—atu The Judge was the Earle or Sheriffe The Tryers Barones Comitatus Freeholders Qui liberas in eo terras habeâ—t not Civill onely but Probatâ— of Wils Questions of Tithes Et debita vera Christianitatis Iura were heard and first heard in this Court. Therefore Episcopus Presbyter Ecclesiae Quatuor de melioribus villae were adjuncts to the Sheriffe Qui dei leges secult negotia just a consideratâ—â—nâ— definirent The Lay part of this liveth in a sort in the Countie and Sheriffe Turne the Spirituall about the raigne of King Stephen by Soveraigne connivence suffered for the most into the quarterly Synode of the Clergie from whence in imitation of the Hundred Court part was remitted to the Rurall Deaneries of which this Shire had foure And these again have been since swallowed up by a more frequent and superiour Jurisdiction as some of our Civill Courts have been There being now left in use for the most in this Shire for Causes Criminall View of Frankpleg by grant or prescription A Session of the Peace quarterly and two Goale deliveries by the Soveraignes commission and for Civill Causes Courts of Manours or of the County monethly and twice by the Iudges of Assise yearely The Office of Execution and custody of this County is the Sheralfey of old inheritable untill Eustachius who by force and
bordering Neighbour Newely described ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Rutland-shire HVNDREDS in Rutland-shire 1. EAst Hund. 2. Allstoe Hund. 3. Okeham Sook 4. Martinsley Hund. 5. Wrangedyke Hund. A Ashgate Oke Ashwell Allst. Austhorpe All. Austhorpe grove All. Ayston Mart. B Barinsdale All. Barlythorp Oke Baroughdon hey Wrang Baroughdon VVrang Barrowe All. The Beacon hill Wrang Beamont Mart. Beehill Wrang Belmesthorp East Belton Oke Bittewell Oke S. Butulphe East Bayal-wood East Bradgate VVrang Braunstun Oke Brokemell wood East Brock Oke Burley All. Burley wood All. Bysbrooke Wrang C Caldecote VVrang Casterton little East Casterton bridge East The Vale of Catmouse Oke Catmouse mill Oke Chatter Flu. Clipsham Oke Coldlees Oke Cottesmore All. Cottesmore wood All. Creston Marâ— Crosse mill East D Deepedale Martin E Eastwood East Edgeton Oke Ediweston Mart. Ediweston wood Mart. Eleshare VVrang Empingham East Empingham wood East Exton All. Ezeden East F Fauldall wood East Fregthorp VVrang Frithwood East Five mile Crosse East G Geeson Wrang Glaiston VVrang Greetham All. Greetham wood All. Guash Flu. Gunthorpe Mart. H Hamleyton Mart. Hamleyton wood Mart. Hardwicke East Hermitage Oke Horne East Horne mill East I Ingthorpe East Iostors bridge East K Kelstone VVrang Kelthorpe VVrang Ketton East Kilpisham East Kings Road VVrang The Kings Lodge Oke L Lamley Lodge Oke Langham Oke Leefeld forest Oke Lee Lodge Oke Littlehall wood All. Lovedall All. North Luffenham VVrang South Luffenham VVrang Lyddington VVrang Lyddington parke VVrang Lynden Mart. M Manton Mart. Market overton All. Martinsthorpe Mart. Morecott Wrang Muley hill Oke N Newbottle VVrang Normanton Mart. O OKEHAM Oke Osburnall wood East P Pickworth East Preston Mart. Prisley hill VVrang Pylton VVrang R Rankesborow hils Oke Redgate VVrang Ridlington Mart. Ridlingtonparke Mart. Rullers stone East Rushpitt wood All. Ryall East S Snewton VVrang Seyton VVrang Stirwood Oke Stoâ—edrye VVrang Stretton All. Stretton wood All. T Tarringley wood All. Thisselton All. Tholthorpe East Thorpe VVrang Turne course wood East Tyckencote East Tyghe All. Tymwell East Tyxover VVrang V VPPINGHAM Mart. Vppingham parke Mart. W Wadeland Flu. Wadley Oke Weand Flu. Wâ—â—ton All. Westland wood All. Weston fees Oke Wâ—issenden All. Wâ—itwell All. Wâ—cheley heath East Wâ—nge Mart. The Wispe Oke Wolfoky wood All. Woodhead wood East LEICESTER-SHIRE lying bordred upon the North with Nottingham-shire upon the East with Lincoln and Rutland upon the South with North-hampton-shire and upon the West with Watling-street-way is parted from Warwick-shire the rest being bounded with the confines of Darby is a Countrey Champion abounding in corn but spary of woods especially in the South and East parts which are supplyed with Pit-coales plenteously gotten in the North of this Province and with abundance of Cattell bred in the hills beyond the River Wreack which is nothing so well inhabited as the rest 2 The aire is gentle mild and temperate and giveth appetite both to labour and rest wholsome it is and draweth mans life to a long age and that much without sicknesse at Carleton onely some defect of pronuntiation appeareth in their speech 3 The Soile thus consisting the commodities are raised accordingly of corn cattle and coals and in the rockes neere Bever are sometimes found the Astroites the Star-like precious Stone 4 The ancient people that inhabited this Countie were the Coritant who were spread further into other Shires but after that the Romanes had left the land to it self this with many more fell to be under the possession and government of the Mercians and their Kings from whom the English enjoyeth it at this day 5 In Circular wise almost the compasse of this Shire is drawn indifferently spacious but not very thick of Inclosures being from East to West in the broadest part not fully 30. miles from North to South but 24. the whole circumference about 196. miles whose principall Citie is set as the Center almost in the midst from whom the Pole is elevated 53. degrees and 4. minutes in Latitude and for Longitude 19. degrees 22. minutes 6 From this Towne the Shire hath the name though the name of her selfe is diversly written as Legecestria Leegora Legte-ceste by Ninius Caer-Lerion by Matthew of Westminster if we doe not mistake him Wirall and now lastly Leicester ancient enough if King Leir was her builder eight hundred forty and four years before the birth of our Saviour wherein he placed a Flamine to serve in the Temple of Ianus by himselfe there erected and where hee was buried if Geffrey ap Arthur say true but now certain it is that Ethelred the Mercian Monarch made it an Episcopall Sea in the yeare of Christ Iesus 680. wherein Sexwulph of his Election became the first Bishop which shortly after was thence translated and therewith the beauty of the Towne began to decay upon whose desolations that erectifying Lady Edalfled cast her eies of compassion and both rectified the buildings and compassed it about with a strong wall where in short time the Cities trade so increased that Matth. Paris in his lesser Story reporteth as followeth Legecester saith he is a right wealthy City and notably defended and had the wall a sure foundation were inferiour to no City whatsoever But this pride of prosperity long lasted not under the Normans for it was sore oppressed with a world of calamities when Robert Bossu the Crouch-back Earl of that Province rebelled against his Soveraigne Lord King Henry the second whereof hear the same Author Paris speake Through the obstinate stubbornes of Earle Robert saith he the noble City Leicester was besieged and throwne down by K. Henry and the wal that seemed indissoluble was utterly razed even to the ground The peeces of whose fragments so fallen downe remained in his daies like to hard rocks through the strength of the Morter cementing whole lumps together and at the Kings command the City was set on fire and burnt the Castle razed and a heavy imposition laid upon the Citizens who with great sums of money bought their own Banishments but were so used in their departure that for extreme feare many of them took Sanctuary both at S. Edmunds and S. Albanes In repentance of these mischiefes the author thereof Earle Robert built the Monastery of S. Mary de Pratis wherein himselfe became a Canon Regular and for fifteen yeeres continuance in sad laments served God in continuall prayers With the like devotion Henry the first Duke of Lancaster built an Hospitall for an hundred and ten poor people with a collegiate Church a Deane twelve Canons Prebendaries as many Vicars sufficiently provided for with revenewes wherein himselfe lieth buried and it was the greatest ornament of that Citie untill the hand of King Henry the eight lay over heavy upon the like foundations and laid their aspired tops at his own feet The fortunes of another Crouch-back K. Richard the Vsurper were no lesse remarkable in this Citie
fiftie pases so that the circumference cannot be great 3 The aire is not very good either for health or delight as being seated on those parts that are subject to extremitie of cold and greatly troubled with vapors and foggy mists that arise from the Seas 4 The soyle cannot be rich being rockie and full of stones and unfit for Corne and tillage It is neither commended for hils to feed sheepe nor pastures to fat cattle neither hath it vallies replenished with sweet springs or running rivellets onely one excepted descending from a standing pond The onely thing this Iland yeeldeth is a fit and accommodate aptitude for Fishing and Fowling 5 Notwithstanding this is very worthy of note concerning the same which Alcuin wrote in an Epistle to Egelred King of Northumberland namely that it was a place more venerable then all the places of Britaine and that after the departure of S. Paulinus from Yorke there Christian Religion began in their Nation though afterwards it there felt the first beginning of miserie and calamitie being left to the spoile of Pagans and Miscreants 6 It is also remembred of this Iland that sometimes there hath been in it an Episcopall See which Aidan the Scot instituted being called thither to preach the Christian Faith to the people of Northumberland being much delighted with the solitary situation thereof as a most fit place for retire But afterwards when the Danes rifled and robbed all the Sea-coasts the Episcopall See was translated to Durham 7 This Iland so small in account either for compasse or commoditie and so unpeopled and unprofitable cannot be numerous in Townes and Villages It hath in it onely one Towne with a Church and a Castle under which there is a commodious Haven defended with a Block-house situate upon an hill towards the South-East FARNE I LE THis I le South-Eastward seven miles from Holy Iland sheweth it selfe distant almost two miles from Bambrough Castle On the West and South it beareth upon Northumberland and on the North-East side it hath other smaller Ilands adjoyning to it as Wid-pens and Staple Iland which lie two miles off Brondsman and two lesser then these which are called the Wambes 2 The forme of this I le is round and no larger in compasse then may easily be ridden in one halfe of a day The bredth of it is but five miles and the length no more The whole circumference extends it selfe no further then to fifteene miles 3 The aire is very unwholesome and subject both to many Dysenteries and other diseases by reason of the mistie fogges and exhalations that are thereunto drawn up from the Ocean It is many times troubled with unusuall tempests of windes with boisterous fury of stormy raines and with severall and uncouth rages of the Sea 4 The soyle cannot be fertile being encircled about with craggy clifts neither hath it in it much matter either of pleasure or profit It can neither defend it selfe from cold lacking fuell as Wood Cole Turfs c. nor from famine wanting food as Corn Pastures Cattle c. The best commodity it yeelds is Fish and Fowle 5 This thing neverthelesse is worthy to be remembred of it which Beda writing of the life of Cuthbert Bishop of Lindisfarne that Tutelar Patron of the Northerne Englishmen reporteth namely that in this I le he built a Citie fitting his government and erected certaine houses in the same the whole building standing almost round in compasse reaching the space of foure or five pearches The wall about it he made higher then a mans height to with-hold and keepe in the wanton lasciviousnesse both of his thoughts eyes and to elevate the whole intention of his minde up to heavenly desires that he might wholly give himself to the service of God But these are all made the ruines of time as sithence many other Monuments have been of worthy antiquite 6 I cannot report that there are now many houses standing in it much lesse Townes or Villages Onely this that it hath a Tower or place of Fortification belonging unto it placed well neere in the middle part of the I le HOLY ILAND FARNE GARNSEY IARSEY GARNSEY THis Iland lyeth about five Leagues North-West from Iersey and is compassed like to her neighbour with the British Sea It lyeth in length from Plymouth Bay South-West to Lancrosse de Anckers North-East thirteene miles in bredth from Saint Martins point South-East to the Howe North-west nine miles and is in circuit thirtie sixe miles The Emperour Antonine having the rule and domination of France at that time called Gaule from whence the word Gallia is derived did name this Iland Sarnia which afterward by the change of Times and corruption of Languages was long since and is at this day called Garnsey 2 This I le in forme and fashion standeth in the Sea much like to a Parke that is incompassed round about with a Pale of Rocks being very defensible unto the Iland from the attempting Invasion of enemies 3 The Aire and Climate of this I le hath little or no difference in temper or qualitie from that of Iersey And this deserves to be remembred of it that in this I le is neither Toade Snake Adder or any other venemous creature and the other hath great plentie 4 It standeth for the most part upon a rocke very high in many places from the Sea Neverthelesse the Soile is very fruitfull yeelding forth great plentie of grasse for their Sheepe and other Cattell which they have to serve all uses Their fields in the Summer time are so naturally garnished with flowers of all sorts that a man being there might conceit himselfe to be in a pleasant artificiall garden 5 The Inhabitants are not so much given to tillage as they of Iersey though the soyle be as fruitfull They have of late taken great delight in planting and setting of trees of all sorts and especially of Apples by reason whereof they make much Cider Their commodities are alike and their helps from the Sea no lesse or rather more 6 In this I le are many great steepe rocks among which is found a hard stone called by the Frenchmen Smyris which we terme Emerill This stone is serviceable for many purposes and many Trades as Glasiers c. but especially for the Goldsmiths and Lapidaries to cut their precious stones 7 It hath a head of Land upon the North part thereof the passage into which is so narrow that a man would thinke that at every Tide the Sea beating strongly on both sides it were in a continuall danger to be sundred from the other part of the I le This place is called S. Michael in the Vale where in former times stood a Priory or a Covent of Religious persons the ruines whereof are at this day to be seene 8 The government of this I le in nature and forme resembles the other of Iersey of whom shall be said The people are in their Originall and Language alike also but
in their customes and conditions they come neerer the civill fashions of the English Other matters of moment I finde not worthy to be recorded It hath ten Parishes and one Market Towne being also a Haven and is called S. Peters Port built close by the Peere and Castle Cornet IERSEY THe two Ilands Iersey and Garnsey being the only remaines of the Dukedome of Normandie that in former times many yeers together was in the possession and under the command of the Kings of England annexing therunto a large territory and glorious title to the Crowne are both seated in the Sea called Mare Britannicum the Ocean parting them a good distant asunder and are now both adjuncts and within the circuit of Hampshire For the first being the Isle of Iersey it lyeth upon the British Sea having on the North parts the Coast of Hampshire and on the South the Countrie of Normandie 2 This Iland is long not much unlike the fashion of an egge It containes in length from Sentwon Poole upon the West to Mount Orguil Castle on the East ten miles and in bredth from Dubon Point to Plymount bay six miles the whole circuit of the Iland being thirtie eight miles It is distant from a little Iland called Alderney about foure leagues It was in old time called Caesarea whether from Iulius Octavius or any the other Caesars that followed is unknown But the French-men have by corruption of speech long time called it Iersey 3 It is a very delightsome and healthfull Iland and giveth a pleasant aspect unto the seas It lyeth South-ward not farre from a craggy ridge of rocks which is much feared of the Mariners and makes the passage that way very dangerous howbeit it serves for a forcible defence against Pirats or any strangers that attempt invasion and they are termed Casquets 4 The Soile is very fertile bringing forth store of Corn and Cattle but especially of Sheep that are of reasonable bignesse the most of them bearing foure hornes a peece Their wooll very fine and white of which the Inhabitants make their Jersey Stockings which are ordinarily to be had in most parts of England and yeeld a great commoditie unto the Iland 5 The first originall of the Inhabitants sprung either from the Normans or Britains or both They speake French though after a corrupt manner and have continued their names language customes and Countrey without any or little intermixture these many hundred yeers having been under the jurisdiction of the English ever since the untimely and unnaturall death of Robert Duke of Normandie eldest sonne to William the Conquerour 6 The people of this Countrey live very pleasantly as well by the profits of the Land as the helps and furtherances of the Sea that yeelds unto them and especially in Summer season great store of fish but principally Conger and Lobsters the greatest and fattest upon the coast of England Wood is very scant for their best fuell is Turfe some Coale they have brought unto them but it is very deare straw furre and ferne serving their ordinary uses The middle part of the Iland hath many prety Hils rising in it yeelding a delightfull object unto the vallies that receive from one another a mutuall pleasure 7 The Governour of the I le is the Captaine thereof who appointeth certaine Officers under him the principall of whom carrieth the name and title of a Bailiffe that in civill causes hath the assistance of twelve Jurats to determine of differences and minister Justice in criminall matters seven in matters of reason and conscience five Their twelve are chosen out of the twelve Parishes so that no man goeth further to complaine then to his own Jurate in ordinary controversies but matters of moment and difficultie are determined before the Bailiffe in a generall meeting 8 This I le hath two little Ilands adjacent the one S. Albons the other Hillary Iland It hath twelve Parishes and foure Castles No other Monuments of name or note THE SECOND BOOKE Containing THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES DELIVERING An exact Topographie of the COUNTIES Divisions of their CANTREVES and COMMOTS Descriptions of their CITIES and Shire-TOVVNES WITH A COMPENDIOVS RELATION OF THINGS MOST MEMORABLE IN EVERY OF THEM Performed BY JOHN SPEED LONDON Printed by Iohn Legatt for William Humble 1646. Cum Privilegio DIEV ET MON DROIT ✚ HONI ✚ SOIT ✚ QVI MAL ✚ Y ✚ PENSE ✚ A Catalogue of such Princes sprung from THE ROYALL STEMME OF THE ENGLISH KINGS AS HAVE BEENE Entituled PRINCES OF WALES since the time of that Countries last Conquest and first voluntary subjection under King EDVVARD the First 1 Edward Carnarvon named afterwards Edward 2. son to K. Edward 1. 2 Edward of Windsor afterwards Edward the third 3 Edward the Black Prince sonne to K. Edward 3. 4 Richard of Burdeux sonne to the Black Prince afterwards R. 2. 5 Henry of Monmouth sonne to Henry 4. afterwards H. 5. 6 Henry of Windsor the sonne of Henry 5. afterwards H. 6. 7 Edward of Westminster the sonne of K. H. 6. 8 Edward of Westminster the sonne of K. Edw. 4. 9 Edward the sonne of K. Richard the third 10 Arthur the sonne of K. Henry the seventh 11 Henry the sonne of K. H. 7. afterwards K. H. 8. 12 Edward the sonne of H. 8. afterwards K. Edw. 6. 13 Mary the daughter of K. H. 8. 14 Elizabeth the daughter of K. H. 8. 15 HENRY the sonne of K. IAMES our Soveraigne THE NAMES OF THE COVNTIES IN WALES AS THEY ARE NOVV NVMBRED AND ANNEXED VNTO THE ENGLISH Crowne in such order as we have described them 1 Pembroke-shire 2 Caermarden-shire 3 Glamorgan-shire 4 Brecknock-shire 5 Radnor-shire 6 Cardigan-shire 7 Mountgomery-shire 8 Merioneth-shire 9 Denbigh-shire 10 Flint-shire 11 Caernarvon-shire 12 Anglesey Isle THE GENERALL DESCRIPTION AND SEVERALL DIVISIONS OF THE PRINCIPALITIE OF WALES ANtiquitie hath avouched that the whole Isle of Britaine was divided into three parts The first and fairest lay contained within the French Seas the Rivers of Severne Dee and Humber called then Lhoyger which name it â—â—t retaineth in Weâ—sh in English called England The second part occupied all the Land North-ward from Humber to the Orkney Sea called by the Latines Mare Caleâ—nium or Deucalidonium now famously known by the name of Scotland The third part was this lying betwixt the Irish Seas the Rivers Severne and Dee and was called Cambria which name doth yet continue with them though we the English call it Wales as the people Welshmen which is strange and strangers for so at this day the dwellers of Tyroll in the higher Germany whence our Saxons are said to have come doe name the Italian their next neighbour a Welsh-man and his language Welsh 2 This opinion Verstegan doth altogether contradict rather judging by the ancient Teutonicke tongue which the Germans spake and wherein the G is pronounced for W that these Saxons called them Gallish from the Gaules whence their originall proceeded rather then Wallish from
but little wormes breeding on the roote of a Plant called Bibenella d This is that we call the prickled peare * There are only of these two last 〈◊〉 in the Sommer Ilands * You must understand it to be meant whilst the Figs are on the trees The principall motives of Writing Eccles. 1.9 Exod. 31. Exod. 25. Mark 12.42 Exod. 34. Things described upon a personall survey of all England and Wales Amos 2.13 What is performed in this Worke. Cities and Shire-townes Shire-divisions Tables to finde all names in the Maps Armes of the titular Nobles Places of great Battels Micah 4.3 The benefit made of this labour * Travell * Adulation The scope of this Worke. The distribution of the whâ—le Work The first Tome Chorographicall The second Tome Historicall * For some Ilands as Gersey and Gernsey we have left to their proper places Britaine the greatest Iland * Lib. de Consâ—an The Site of Britaine * Dereâ—â—a l. 6. * Buchanus so noteth against Humph. Lloyd The degrees of Britaines Site The Countries abutting upon Britaine All the Ilands about Britain counted British * Cambdens Britannia Britaines Eulogies * Lib. 18. c. 7. Psal. 16. * Spenâ—ers Fairie Queen l. 2. Can. 10. Stan 5. Britaine once no Isle * Or half Isle * Twine Versteâ—an Aeneid lib. 8. * Extremique huminum Morini * D. Cockes Epist l. 3 Report * Caâ—â— Iuda M. S. * Italie Britaine but slenderly knowne to Caesar. Epit. Liv l. 105. * Rebquam Iâ—silae partem in potestatem subâ—gâ—t * Epod. 7. Britaine had Kings in it in Caesars time * In Cambdens Bâ—itannia Britaines supposed divisiâ—n 〈◊〉 Brutes three 〈◊〉 * England * Wales * Scotland Gâ—ff of Monmouth father to Brutes three sonnes Britaine the Great and Lesse * Appiau Britaine the Higher and Lower Herâ—dian Britaine divided into three parts * Camb. p. 111. Sexius Rusus Dist. 80. cap. 1. Britannia prima Britannia secunda Maxima Caesariensis Britaine divided into five parts Valentia why called Amianus l. 28. Flavia why called The bounds of Britaines five parts 1 Britannia prima 2 Britannia secunda 3 Flavia Caesa. 4 Max. Caesar. 5 Valentia Lib 5 cap. 5. and 6. The Emperours respect of Britaines Conquest Their surnames hence Their residence here Their favours Their Triumphs Scotland vide lib. 3. Ireland vide lib. 4. How the Saxon Hâ—ptarchie began The seven Kingdomes of the Saxon Heptarchie The most Northerne limit of the Hâ—pâ—archie The Picts wal the Romanes onely partition Northward * A River in Cumberland The Saxons added two other bounds in the West 1 Offa-Dyke Io. Sarisbu in Polyâ—rat 2 The River Tamar * Marianus cals them Occidentales Britanes as Saxo victor Æ¿est Æ¿eales The Saxons dominiâ—â—ns dividâ—d into Hidâ—s * M. Taâ—â— * M. Clarenc p. 114. K. Elfred first divided the Land into Shires and why Ingulphus Malmesbury Tacitus Inguâ—phus Aldermen Earles * Cam. p. 20. but Lambert thinks it a Saxon title Peramb p. 502 Portgreves Burgesses Thean Vnderthaine * Lamb. p. 502. but Cam. p. 121. â—â—inkes it Danish Churle Yâ—omanry The number of the Shires 32. Malmes Polyc. li. 1. c. 19 A three-fold â—â—stibution Three sorts of Lawes and Shires subject to them In Wil Conq. time Shires 34. and more Shires 39. Shires 52. Polyclnon Shires 36. Towns in the Conquâ—rours time Parish-Churches Knights Fees Lieutenants Camd. Higdon A foure-fold division â—â—der Canutus theâ— Dane * Lib. 2. The continuance of the Saxons governement The compartments of the Map unfolded The first seven Kings The first seven Christian Kings 1 Lib. 7. c. 18. 2 Lib. 7. c. 8. §. 3 3 Li. 7. c. 11. §. 3. 4 Lib. 7. c. 9. §. 8. ib. c. 20. 5 Lib. 7. c. 7. §. 7. 6 Lib. 7. c. 10. § 5. 7 Lib. 7. c. ◠§. 3. * In Io. Hondius his Map of Gallia * L. 15. c. 14. he lived An. 1330 his Author perchance much ancienter * 〈◊〉 some read not so well because sertilus followeth * This verse Hondius inserts as peculiar to France * This verse Hondius inserts as peculiar to France Deut. 6. v. 10 11. Deut. 11. v. 11 12. Deut. 8. v. 7 9. Florentius Wigor p. 449. Gervas Tilb. Inguâ—phus Camb. in Norm Mat. West lib. 2. c. Gervas Tilb. de Scaccar Hoveden p. 243. where they are set downe Ibid p. 347. Ingulphus Lamberts Archaion Gervas Regis Caria in qua iâ—sâ— in propria persone jura dieâ—â—â—t Hâ—st Derob Polyd. Hist. Aâ—g lib. 1. * This David was the Vnclâ— of Arthuâ— and son of Princ Xâ—â—thus begoâ— on Mâ—leaâ—ia a Nunne Beda Histâ—â— Angliâ— lib. 1. cap. 2â— * Haâ—â—sâ—ald Lindaâ—â—rn c. An. Iom 765. Chron. Winton Hoâ—lienshed â— scrip Brit. p. 12 * In the Nort Riding of Yoâ—kshire M. Lamb. peramb The length of Kent The bredth The forme The name As M. William Lambard conjectureth The site of Kent The Soile The commodities Wil. Lambard fol. 248. Rivers of Kent The Cinque Ports Peramb of Kent fol. 148. Goodwin-sands Silvest Giraldus in his Itinerary of Wales Lamb. fol. 105. Hector Boetius Iohn Stowe The Inhabitants of Kent Caesar. Com. lib. 5. fol. 52. Lam. Peram in description of Dover fol. 158. Canterbury by King Rudhudibras Lam. Peram in description of Canterbury fol. 292. Ethelbert Edbald Lotharius Withred Edelbert 1 Sam 5.4 Herein King Iohn and his Queene were Crowned Rochester Civill dissentions in Kent The government of Kent Caes. Comment The Earles of Kent The division of Kent The name of SVSSEX The forme length and bredth The Ayre The Soile An. 478. The ancient Inhabitants of Sussex Sussex subdued to the Romans Chiefe places in Sussex Lewes An. 1263. A battell at Lewes battle Wil Newbery Basâ—â—â— Pensey Cimenshore Gromebridge Commodities Religious houses built and suppressed The Shires division The bounds of Surrey The forme The length The circumference The Ayre and Soyle The ancient Inhabitants Principall places in Surrey King Henry the sixth buried at Chertsey Cambden Battles before the Conquest in Surrey Some say this Victory was obtained at Fernham in Kent Iohn Stow. Religious houses erected and suppressed in Surrey The divisions of Surrey The length and bredth of Hampshire The ayre of Hampshire The soile Havens Creekes Castles Ninius in Catalog Civit. Doomsdayes booke Beda bist lib. 4. cap. 13. New Forrest Gualter Maps The City Winchester Lib. Notitiae Zosimus Wil. Malms Henry Hunting The Staple Kings buried in Winchester The situation of Winchester South-hampton Clausentium Silcester Ninius Ger. Canâ—u The chiefe religious houses in this County The ancient Name Ninius The occasion of naming it Guyth The length Bredth Ayre The Soyle The delectablenesse of it The commodities Ancient Inhabitants Richard Ridvers Newport the chiefe towne A showre of blood The strength of this Iland The Romane Governours The Mercian King Wilfrid Bishop of Winchester their Diocesan The ancient name of this Shire The bounds of limits The forme and measure of it The Aire The ancient inhabitants
Tuscaine The Signorie of Venice Verona and others of great fame For indeed the whole Countrey is of admirable fertilitie and called by good Authours the Paradise of the earth The Inhabitants grave and frugall yet hot and lascivious 14 Denmarke is joyned to Germany on the South and on the West hath the Mare Germanicum and so almost is invironed with Sea and is a Peninsula In the Continent are two Provinces of note Irglant and Holston The other are petty Ilands for the most part The chiefe Zealand and Loiland The Countrey breedeth goodly Horses and store of Cattell The people are good Souldiers and subject to one King 15 Hungaria hath part of Germany on the West on the East the River Tibiscus and Walachia on the North with Poland and on the South with the River Saure Southwest with Slavonia The great Danubius cuts her in the middle and names her parts Citerior and Vlterior The chiefe Provinces are 1 The Countrey of Soliense where the earth sends forth such a stench that it poysoneth the very Birds which fly over it 2 An Iland in Danubius exceeding fertile And so indeed is the whole Countrey The people are generally strong but shew their Ancientrie to be of the Scythians by their barbarous manner and neglect of learning Their Daughters portions are onely a new attire and their Sonnes equally inherit without priviledge of birth-right The Emperour of Germany and the Turke share it betwixt them 16 Polonia and Silesia a Province of Germany on the West on the East the River Boristhenes or Neiper on the North the Balticke Sea and Hungary on the South It is in compasse 2600. miles The chiefe Provinces which belong at least to Poland are Livonia Lituania Volinia Samogitia Podolia Russia nigra Mazaria Prussia Podlassia the Dukedomes of Optwittes and Zator Polonia propria The Land abounds with Honie Wax Mines of Copper and Iron It breeds store of Horses fit for service Their Religion is promiscuous of all kinds from the true worship to the very Atheist which acknowledgeth no God yet they are governed by one King which doth not succeed but is chosen by the Nobles 17 Slavonia hath Hungarie on the North on the South the Adriaticke Sea Greece on the Southeast and on the West part of Italy It is in length 480. miles in bredth 120. The people were called Sclavi and were by Conquest of the Venetians made their drudges It is now divided into Illyricum Dalmatia Croatia The mother tongue of this Nation is used through many Countreys both of Europe and Asia part of it belongs to the government of Hungarie some to the Turke some to the Austrians and a portion to the Venetian State 18 Greece is limited on the West with the Adriatique Sea on the East with the Aegean Hellespont Propontis North-ward with the Mountaine Haemus and Southward with the Mediterraneum It was once the seat of the worlds Empire and flourished farre beyond all other in every kind of humane learning which to this day is received by all civill Nations as their rule It was one of the first among the Gentiles that received the faith of Christ and bred many Fathers of our Church S. Chrysostome Basill S. Gregory and others But the Inhabitants are now curbed and kept low as well in knowledge as estate by the tyrannie of the Turke Their women are well favoured but not faire The common division is into these Regions Peloponnesus Achaia Epirus Albania Macedonia Migdonia Thracia They afford us Gold Silver Copras Colours Wines Velvet Stuffes c. 19 Dacia on the West hath Hungarie on the East the Euxine Seas on the South Greece on the North Sarmatia from which it is divided by the Carpathian Mountains It was heretofore Misia and was by Domitius parted into Misia superior and inferior Now the chiefe Regions are Transilvania Moldavia Walachia Servia Rasia Bulgaria Bosnia 20 Norwegia or Norway describes her situation in her very name which signifieth in the Germane tongue no other then North-way for so it is in respect of the rest of Europe incompassed almost round with Sea The length is 1300. miles The bredth about 600. The people were once valiant and spred their Conquests in most places of Europe Among the rest England hath her share and was forced to submit to Duke William and Ireland to Tancud But now themselves are under a forraigne government of the King of Denmarke and live simply enough possesse little worth the commending except honestie Theft is counted the greatest sinne among them Yet they have Cables Masts Furres good store and Stock-fish which the poore eat in stead of bread The Metropolitan Citie is Nidrosio besides this there is not above two of eminent note Bergla one of the Mart townes of Christendome and Asloia a Bishops See On the North and West stands the populous Province of Frimarke 21 Suevia or Sweden is on the East of Norway divided from it with the Dofrine Mountains On the North and South it is bounded with Seas at the East end it is joyned to Muscovia By reason of their neighbourhood they pertake much in their dispositions with the Norwegians Their Counntry is fertile and in some Provinces hath very great plenty of Corn Furres Mines of Gold and Silver Copper Lead and other excellent commodities from which they take their name For the first is Gotland as much as good land The second Finland quasi fine land The rest are Bodia Serick-firmia Lappland others The Inhabitants live to a great age of 140. and are much given to Witch-craft 22 Muscovia is the last Region of Europe towards the East and indeed stands a good part in Asia It is bounded on the West with Livonia some part of Swevia on the East with Tartary on the North with the frozen Seas and Southward with the Lituania The length of it is 3000. miles the bredth 3065. It is likewise knowne by the name of Russia alba The most parts of it are extreme cold But Nature for the help of the Inhabitants hath lined it with rich Furres Sables Martines white Foxe and the like and hath furnished it with other Commodities Corne Fruits and Cattell The whole Region is subject to the Emperour of Russia A vast Territorie and as wild a government For the people are very base contentious ignorant and sottishly superstitious They bury their dead upright with a staffe in his hand a penny in his purse and a letter to S. Nicholas to procure him entrance into heaven There are many Provinces of note The chief are 1 Muscovia where Mosco stands the prime Citie and seat of the Emperour 2 Permia where they eat stagsflesh in stead of bread 3 Rhesan so full of Corne that Horses cannot tread it down nor a Quaile passe through it But for this I am not very urgent to inforce beliefe upon my Reader Others there are which have their stories of as much wonder and as little credit But I must not passe too farre
is Hallansâ—e 17 Blescida or Blicker is bounded on the East and South with the Balticke Ocean and on the North is parted from Scania by a little patch of the Sea It is a Region full of Rocks Woods and Mountains Her chiefe Citie and Castle is Culmaria a strong defence against the Swethlander and the next Towne of note is Malmogia the birth-place of Casparus Bartholinus a late approved VVriter in the Arts. 18 In the Sinus Codanus neere to the Cimbria Chersonesus there are numbred 35. Ilands The chiefe are 1 Zealand in length 64. miles in breadth 52. it containes in it 13. Cities 7. Castles with divers pretty townes and villages The Metropolis is Haffnia the single Vniversitie within the King of Denmarkes government And here is his chiefe place of residencie which by the Germans is called Koppenhagen the Merchants haven Her other Townes are Roschilt a Bish. See and heretofore a stong Fortresse well furnisht for warre and honored with the Sepulchres of some of their Kings but yet it is now at a lower ebbe and of little respect Elsnor or Helsinura is a Sea-Towne That in Helsinura is called Croneburgh well furnished with all provision The other in Scania Helsinburgh of equall strength to cause the best Shippe to cast Anchor and satisfie their King before they shall have the way open out of the Balticke into the Ocean 19 2 Fionia or Firnera is second to Zealand both in bignesse and plenty of rich Commodities It is in length 12. miles and 4. in bredth A pleasant Region fertile and fruitfull Here are in this Iland â— Cities the chiefe is Ottonium Odensch or Oesell in the very middle almost It was a Bish. See well built but ill fenced for it hath been oft times wasted and burnt by the Enemie The other Townes are upon the Sea-coast and their names are Neburgh Sinborch Feborgh Ascâ—ns Eorgena Middlefar and Kâ—rtemunde besides some Castles many villages and Noble-mens houses 20 3 Laglant 7. miles in length and hath in it many villages and faire buildings The Citie Rutheopinga and the Castle Trancura 4 Loilant neere Seelant It is so full of Hazels that they fraught Shippes with Nuts and traffique for them into many other Countries It hath 5. Townes Nistad Nasco Togrop Rothus and Marilus with some strong Castles pretty villages and Noble-mens houses 5 Falsteria in length foure miles Her Cities are Stubecopen Nicopen a pleasant and a faire one for which she is by some styled the Neopolis of Denmarke 6 Mâ—na or Mâ—â—n In this is the Citie Stecke and Elmelanda 7 Femera or Femeren Her chiefe Cities are Derborch and Petersborn and Stabull and here is the Castle Vraniburgh built by the great Mathematician Ticho Brahe which besides the fame of its owne artificiall structure is much celebrated for the admirable instruments which are there kept whereby the particular motion of the Heavens is excellently observed 21 8 And to this Kingdome belongs the Iland Boruhâ—lme which lies in the Balticke Seas called more particularly Mare Suâ—vicum betwixt Blicker and Pomerama It is a Region of excellent Pasture and feeds abundance of Cattell and therefore is full of Butter Cheese Wooll Hides c. and sends into other Countries much of their provision for victuals poudred and barrelled up for the longer keeping It hath some well peopled Townes the chiefe is Borâ—holme It had laine for fifty yeares together in pawne to the State of Lubecke but was redeemed by Fredericke the second 22 From these and those many other Northerne Ilands there have issued in severall ages an innumerable sort of Nations which like so many birds as Maginus calls them have flowne over the greatest part of our Christian world He concludes that ex his Insulis olim Gothi Ostrogothi Vestrogothi Vandali Franci Cimbri Gepidae Dani Hunni Suedi Herculi Rugi Alani Longobardi Alemani alii plures Danubio Rheno superatis omnem Europam praesâ—rtim ipsam Italiam altricem imperii dominam 400. et plus annis perpetuâ quadam regionum successione subiugarunt as Romani nominis gloriam ferè omnem extiâ—xerunt The Description of POLAND THE Kingdome of Poland borders upon the East side of Germanie and indeed as farre as the River Vistula it is accounted a part of the Empire and useth the same speech Religions and Customes as the other Territories admitting onely that variety which all of them have among themselves and must needs be found in so large compasse governed by so many severall free Princes Beyond the River as it shrinkes from the seat of Christianity so it begins to degenerate into a kind of Heathenish rudenesse which favours of their predecessors 2 For this Tract is a part of Sarmatia Europaea and the first Inhabitants were the Sauromatae a Scythian people as well for barbaâ—isme as by name It was next possest by the Vandalls an active Nation of whom we have had some inkling at least almost in every place which we have past For they have spread their victories through Europe and have left either name or story behind them in Spaine France Italy Germanie Thrace and where not Their most received pedegree is from Vandalus whâ—m Tacitus remembers the Tuscane King of the progenie of Tuisco first founder of the Germanes Yet Munster in his Cosmographie mentions a prâ—tty conjecture of some well wishers it seemes perhaps to their owne Countrey which give the originall of their name of Vandalls to one Vanda a Queene of Poland 3 Briefly were the Vandalls natives or were they invaders here they were found and ejected by the Sclavonians and these were the third Inhabitants of Polonia She was over runne at the same time and had the same fortune with Bohemia they were both lost to their old Lords and divided betwixt the two runagate brothers of Croatia Zechius and Lechius who being forced for a murder out of their own soyle brought on their crue into these parts about the yeare 550. and here have continued in their posteritie to this day They are as yet remembred in the very names of the people For the Bohemians in their proper language call themselves Zechians and in the grea Poland there is still extant a Territorie knowne by the title of Regnum Lechitorum Her Etymon signifieth no other then the sight of the Countrey as the Sclavonians first descried it For it was a Champian or plaine field and so is Pole-land interpreted out of the Sclavonish tongue It was before called Sarmatia and the people Sauromatae ab oculis Lacertarum Lizzards eyes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a propertie it seemes which gave name to all her Nations For this was divided from another Sarmatia by the River Tanais that on the one side was Asiatica for the most part wilde heathenish Idolaters and in the farthest parts of Scythia some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 this other is Europaea which being joyned with some parts of Germany West-ward to the River Odera Silesia
speedy flight and have them commonly strongly poysoned for the more sure mischiefe to the foe Their stratagems are down-right fraud and breach of truth for they keepe no faith with an enemie regard not any compact made upon termes of peace but follow their owne sense and commit what outrages they can with least danger to themselves 9 Their Religion is answerable to their vile customes Some are Pagans others Mahumetanes yet will not be called Turks but Bersemanni and their chiefe Priest Seyd whom they reverence more then their Maker and admit that none should touch his hand but their Kings and these too with an humble gesture their Dukes aspire not above his knee nor their Nobles higher then his feete the rest are happy if they can but reach at his garment his horse his any-thing so simple are they in their superstition and thus have they continued either Atheists or false Idolaters ever since their first entrance upon this Kingdome in the yeare 1187. Before they were not esteemed a Nation at all but wilde people without law or reason almost who lived in the open fields and conversed with no other then their own Heards of Cattle A NEWE MAPE OF TARTARY augmented by Iohn Speede. and are to be sold in pops head Alley by George Humble Anno. 1626. 11 The limits are now on the North the Scythian Ocean on the West the Muscovian Empire Sarmatia Europaea mare Caspium on the South Mount Caucasus the Kingdome of Persia and part of India and on the East partly the Easterne Seas and partly the Kingdome of China Thus divided she containes five Provinces 1 Tartaria minor 2 Asiatica 3 Antiqua 4 Zagathai intra Imaum 5 Cathai extra Imaum 12 Tartaria minor is called likewise Horda Precopensium a sort of Tartars which have their name from one Citie Precops but inhabit all those plaines which lye round about the Pontus Euxinus or Mare Magor and Palus Maeotis including the whole Taurica Chersonesus so that she extends her limits from the banks of the River Boristhenes as far as Tanais Her chiefe Province is the Chersonesus a Peninsula seventie miles in compasse which tooke the name of Taurica from Osyris who they say first plowed this land with a yoke of Bulls It was invaded by one Vlanus from whom the Inhabitants of this whole Region were sometimes called Vlani as they were after Crym Tartars from that city Crym once the Kings seat of this Peninsula though it stood not within her limits For her principall Towne was 1 Theodosia now Caffa where there was heretofore a Colony of Genoaes till they were dispossest by Mahomet the eighth Emperour of the Turks 2 Eupatoria 3 Parthenium c. The other Townes of this Tartaria Precopensis which stand without the Chersonesus are Oczacon which this people tooke from the Dukes of Lituania and Tanas which stands in the utmost part of this Tartaria above the mouth of the River Tanais some three miles distant It is called by the Inhabitant Azac and is a place of great traffique free accesse from many neighbouring Nations Neare this South-ward beginnes the Palus Maeotis reacheth as farre as the Taurica Chersonesus betwixt which the main land is the Bosphorus Cimmerius and on their South banks flowes their Pontus Euxinus which runnes into the Propontis but returnes not This Sea is in some places so deepe that the water appeares at top black and was therefore called Mare nigrum It might be thought that the people living so near the civill parts of Christendome were better mannered then the Asiatike Tartars But their stubborne rudenesse takes in foule scorne to be taught by any other Nation and therefore stands stifly to their old course of life in woods and wilde fields and cease not to commit continuall murders and rapines upon the Countries adjoyning with an inveterate hate to such as professe the Name of Christ in so much that they have engaged themselves to pay yearly three hundred Christians as tribute to the great Turk which number they draw out of Polonia Russia Lituania Walachia and part of Moscovia 13 Asiatica or Tartaria deserta et Moscoritica differs not much from the ancient Sarmatia Asiatica which in Ptolemies descriptions is bounded on the West with the River Tanais and Palus Maeotis on the East with Scythia intra Imaum on the North with the Montes Hyperborei and on the South with the mountains Coran Caucasus The Inhabitants live in Hordes as the rest do which remove often direct their wandring course by observing the Pole-starre In this too their Hordes have divisions and are known by severall names The chiefe is Zaucll which for the most part lies betwixt the rivers Volga Laych and in regard it is as it were the mother-Hord to the rest it was called magna Horda and her Emperour Vlacham magnus dominus for so he was and had full power of a Prince till they were subdued by the Precopenses in the yeare one thousand five hundred sixe and after by Basilius Duke of Moscoria Next to this are the Casanenses which have their chiefe Citie Casan upon the River Volga near the confines of Moscoria It was once an intire government to it selfe but in the yeare one thousand five hundred fifty one after many victories and revolts it was fully and irrecoverably vanquisht and made an addition to the Duke of Moscoria's title The Inhabitants here are somewhat more ingenuous then the Precopenses they till their ground and in some places build houses and practise Merchandise with the Turks and Moscorites Not much unlike to these are the Astrachanenses situate toward the mare Capium and have their name from their rich Metropolis Astrachan twenty Italian miles distant from the mouth of Volga both they and it were subdued in the yeare one thousand foure hundred ninety foure by the Duke of Moscoria Besides these there are many other wilde Hordes of Tartars Of the Nohaicenses Thumenenses Schibaschienses Casachienses Asâ—nichanenses Baschirdi Kirgessi Molgamozani These last strange Idolaters of the Sun and a piece of a red clout hung up before them upon a pole They live in Caves and feed for the most part upon such creatures as creep upon the ground some of them are Anthropophagi And hereabouts is the great lake called Kytay 14 Tartaria antiqua the ancient seat of the Tartars and Kingdome of Magog when both the first Inhabitant was placed by the sonne of Iapheth and when these last Tartars entred under the command of Chinchis It was the utmost portioÌ„ of the Tartarian Empire to the frozen Seas on her North the Scythian on the East and the mare de Annian for it containes many disperst Hordes all almost subject to the great Cham of Cathai In the most Northerne tract which strikes into the Sea beyond the polar circle dwell the Dani Neptalitae Mecriti c. more Southward the Kingdome of Tabor and the vast desert Caraecoranum and the mount Altay the place of buriall
to thinke that there were some other Ilands neare the Sommer-Ilands betweene Virginia and it and Master Moore in his time with some others of us went forth in a Boat so farre as then we could conveniently of purpose to discover it Since then it hath been endevoured by others and is yet as I heare to be further attempted And howsoever I am perswaded for certaine causes which I cannot here relate there is no such thing Yet would I not dis-animate any from this enterprise for if they finde any their labours will be well recompenced and though they finde none yet might they discover those parts so well that the passage to and from Virginia would be more safe and easie But to returne from whence we have digressed The extremitie of our distresse beganne to abate a little before Master Moores time of Government was expired partly by supplies out of England of victuall and provision for fishing and partly by that rest and libertie we then obtained the Countrey being fortified Yet the Rats encreased and continued almost to the end of Captaine Tuckers time although he was provident and industrious to destroy them but toward the end of his time it pleased God by what meanes it is not well knowne to take them away in so much that the wilde Cats and many Dogges which lived on them were famished and many of them leaving the woods came downe to the houses and to such places where they use to garbish their Fish and became tame Some have attributed this destruction of them to the encrease of wild Cats but that is not likely they should be so suddenly encreased rather at that time then in the foure yeares before And the chiefe occasion of this supposition was because they saw such companies of them leave the Woods and shew themselves for want of food Others have supposed it to come to passe by the coldnesse of the weather which notwithstanding is never so great there as with us in March nor scarce as it is in Aprill except it be in the winde besides the Rats wanted not feathers of young Birds and Chickens which they dayly killed and of Palmeto Mosse as we call it to build themselves warme nests out of the winde as usually they did Neither doth it appeare that the cold was so mortall to them seeing they would ordinarily swim from place to place and be very fat even in the midst of Winter It remaineth then that as we know God doth sometimes effect his will without subordinate and secondary causes and sometimes against them So we need not doubt but that in the speedy encrease and spreading of these Vermine as also in the preservation of so many of us by such weake meanes as we then enjoyed and especially in the sodain removall of this great annoyance there was joyned with and besides the ordinary and manifest meanes a more immediate and secret worke of God Now to proceed Master Moores time of government being expired Captaine Tucker succeeded arriving there about mid-May 1616. who likewise governed according to the custome three yeares which time he spent for the most part in husbanding the Countrey planting and nourishing all such things as were found either fit for Trade or for the sustentation and use of the Inhabitants wherein he travelled with much diligence and good successe sending to some parts of the Indies for Plants and Fruits he also added to the fortifications and made some inclosures In his time viz. in the yeare 1617. was sent a Ship and provision with men of skill for the killing of Whales but they arrived there too late to wit about the midst of Aprill so that before they could make ready their Shallops and fit themselves the principall season for Whale-fishing was past For the Whales come thither in Ianuarie and depart again toward the latter end of May yet they struck some but found them so lively swift and fierce after they were stricken that they could take none They yeeld great store of Oyle as appeared by one that drave to shoare on Sommerset Iland in Sandys Tribe and by another that we found not farre from thence dead upon a Rock I also received by Captaine Tucker directions from the Adventurers to divide the Countrey and to Assigne to each Adventurer his shares or portion of land and withall a description with notes touching the manner how they would have it done as they had formerly determined by lot Which thing I did with all faithfulnesse and diligence the manner of it doth above appeare and is more largely manifested in a Booke of the Survey of the Countrey exhibited to the Right Honourable his Majesties Councell and the Court of Adventurers for these parts And then began this which was before as it were an unsetled and confused Chaos I meane as touching a Plantation for considered onely as a Regiment it was otherwise to receive a convenient disposition forme and order and to become indeed a Plantation for though the Countrey was small yet they could not have beene conveniently disposed and well setled without a true description and Survey made of it and againe every man being setled where he might constantly abide they knew their businesse and fitted their household accordingly They built for themselves and their families not Tents or Cabins but more substantiall houses they cleared their grounds and planted not onely such things as would yeeld them their fruits in a yeare or halfe a yeare but all such too as would afford them profit after certaine yeares c. So that in short time after even before the expiration of Captaine Tuckers government the Countrey began to aspire and neerly to approach unto that happinesse and prosperitie wherein now is flourisheth For may it not justly be accounted happinesse and prosperitie for men to live where they enjoy the meanes of true religion and salvation to wit the sincere ministery of the Word and Sacraments where the government is good without rigour and oppression the place healthfull and temperate where they are freed from all extreme care and toyle where they have food in abundance and very good with other things needfull to the body and where they have commodities meete for Trade by which they may better and advance their estates all which and more is largely verified in the present estate of that Colony whatsoever some maliciously minded or to evill ends suborned may say to the contrary so that there may seeme to be a restauration of that golden age so much spoken of The Governour now there resident is one Captaine Butler for Captaine Tucker departing thence in December 1618. left in his place Captaine Kendall who also was one that supplied the same place in the interim betweene Master Moores time and Captaine Tuckers and hath spent some nine or ten years in the Countrey But in the yeare 1619. about Midsommer the Adventurers sent thither as Governour for three yeares according to the custome the said Captaine Butler and foure Ships
Crosse of Saint George the Royall Ensign of England and a Rose the Kings badge as his faithfull Souldier receiving his pay dayly for himselfe and followers according to their degrees and estates Neither were the atchievements of Land services crowned with more plumes of Victories in the Helmets of the English then were their Sea services defensive and offensive both at home and abroad Their Navie Royall rightly teâ—rmed the Lady of the Seas and their Sea-Captaines farre out-stripping Vlysses in their Travailes and Descriptions for twise in our time hath the Sea opened her passage through the Straights of Magellan for Drake in his Pellican and Candish in his Desire to passe into the South World and to incirculate the Globe of the whole Earth whereby themselves and Souldiers all English have in those great deepes seen the wonderfull workes of the LORD But upon this subject I could willingly insist were it not that the argument of this present Description intends rather to speake of the Domestick and Civill warres of England then of the forraine and farre-fetched victories that have adorned and attended the Trophies of the English From the prosecution of the former and promulgation of the latter how unwillingly my Penne is drawne the roughnesse of the style and the slender performance of the whole doth manifestly shew They being for the most part civill Battailes fought betweene meere English-men of one and the same Nation wherein the parties victorers besides the losse of their owne side procured on the other the fall and ruine of them that were all of his owne Countrey many of them of his owne acquaintance and alliance and most of them perhaps his owne friends in any other cause then that in which he contended for But from this generall argument to proceed to some particulars it shall not be amisse to make some division of them according to their severall qualities of the severall quarrels in them which are found to be divers and of three severall natures Whereof the first were the invasions attempted by forraine Princes and enemies against the Kings and people of this Realme The second were meere Rebellions of Subjects against their annointed Princes And the third dissentious factions betwixt Princes of the bloud Royall of these three all these effusions of bloud have consisted And to begin with the first battell in this plot which was the first beginning of government of this state as it yet continueth Such was the attempt of William Duke of Normandy against King Harold the sonne of Earle Goodwin who prevailed so against him in fight at Battaile in Sussex a place so called by this event as the said Duke was afterward King of this Land and brought the whole Nation under his obedience as it hath beene continued to his posteritie ever since Such was the arrivall of Lewes son and heire to Philip King of France against Iohn King of England who being carried by his owne ambition accompanied with French Forces and assisted by the rebellious Barons of this Realme after variable fortune of fight in severall skirmishes battels and assaults was forced in the end without all honour or hope to prevaile to make a very shamefull retreate into his owne Countrey Such was also the entry made by Iames the fourth King of Scots against King Henry the eight of famous memory his brother in law and sworne allie at that time absent in the wars of France who contrary to his oath and alliance formerly made entred the North frontiers of England with a mightie Armie had the same discomfited and overthrowne and was himselfe slain in the field by the English forces under the leading of the Earle of Surrey at that time Lieutenant generall for King Henry And especially such was the late enterprise remaining fresh in memory of Philip late King of Spaine against our dread Soveraigne Lady now raigning in the yeare of our Lord 1588. attempting by his invincible Navie as he thought and so termed under the conduct of the Duke of Medina Celi which with great pride and crueltie extended against us arrived on our coasts to Englands invasion and subversion had yet neverthelesse here in the narrow Seas the one part of his Fleete discomfited taken and drowned and the other part forced to their great shame in poore estate to make a fearefull and miserable â—light about the coast of Ireland homeward so that of 158. great ships furnished for war came to their own coast of Spaine but few and those so torne and beaten by the English Cannons that it was thought they were unserviceable for ever and eleven of their ensignes or banners of Idolatry prepared for triumph and pride in Conquest were contrariwise to their shame and dishonour shewed at Pauls-Crosse and in other places of this Realme to Gods glory our joy and their endlesse infamy The INVASIONS OF ENGLAND And IRELAND With al their Ciuill Wars Since the Conquest The second sort of quarrels in these warres were meere rebellions of subjects against their annointed Princes and Governours and of these some have beene private and some generall Of the first kind for private occasions was that of Thomas Earle of Lancaster against King Edward the second his cosin-germane upon mislike of the Spencers greatly favoured by the King and as much envied of him who having his forces defeated at Borrow-bridge was there taken prisoner and after beheaded at Pomfret Of the same kind was that of Henry Lord Piercie surnamed Hot-spurre and Thomas Piercie Earle of Worcester his Vncle against King Henry the fourth at Shrewesburie where the said Lord Henry was slaine and the other taken prisoner and after beheaded in the same Towne So was that of Michael Ioseph the Black-smith in Cornewall and his company against King Henry the seventh for a Subsidie granted in Parliament to the same King who gathered a head of Rebellion so strong that at Black-heath neare London they abode battell against their Soveraigne but were there taken and afterward drawne headed and quartered at Tiburne Also such was that of Robert Ket the Tanner of Windham in Norfolk against King Edward the sixt pretended against inclosures and liberty to the weale publike was at Norwich taken in the field and afterward hanged on the top of the Castle of the same Towne And lastly so was that of Sir Thomas Wiat and the Kentish-men against Queene Mary for the bringing in of Philip of Spaine they being cut off at S. Iames and himselfe yeelded at the Court. Of the latter sort of Rebellions being generall were those of the Barons against K. Iohn and King Henry the third his sonne in their severall Raignes Against the father in bringing in of forraine powers and working a resignation of the Crown and Diadem to the great blemish of their King and Kingdome And against the sonne so prosecuted their attempts that their warres to this day are called and knowne by the name of the Barons-warres which had so lamentable consequence as that after the overthrow and
consumption of sundry most noble and ancient houses of England and both parties wearied with warres the conclusions of peace which ensued are reported in regard of the precedent murders to be written with bloud The third sort of these quarrels in these Civill warres and dissentions were factious dissentions between Princes themselves of the bloud Royall ambitiously aspiring to the Crown of this Kingdome and titles of Kings thereof Of which kind there have beene two most notable knowne amongst us The first fell betwixt Stephen of Bloyse Earle of Bolloigne wrongfully succeeding his uncle King Henry the first in the Crown of England on the one partie and Maud the Empresse Daughter and sole heire to the said King Henry and Henry D. of Normandie his sonne and heyre who afterward succeeded the same King Stephen on the other part which was followed with such variable successe of fortune in many conflicts on both parts that K. Stephen himselfe was taken prisoner and laid in Irons with extremitie used and the Empresse to save her life dangerously adventured thorow the Scouts of the Enemy in the snow slenderly guarded and before that was driven to such distresse that faining to be dead she was laid as a livelesse coarse in a Coffin and so conveyed away in a Horse-litter But the second and last of these two being the greatest of all the rest was that which happened betweene the House of Yorke descended of Lioâ—ell of Andwerp D. of Clarence second sonne to K. Edward the third and the House of Lancaster issued of Iohn of Gaunt the third sonne living of the same King The occasion of a civill warre that raged most cruelly for a long time together but at that time most extreamely when there raigned two Kings of either Family one of Lancaster Henry the sixt another of Yorke Edward the fourth betweene whom with the favourers and followers there were twelve severall Battailes fought in little more then twelve yeares space In so much as one of our own Writers Edward Hall the great Chronicler saith that in these Civill warres betwixt these two Families it cost more English bloud then twice had done the winning of France and of forraine Writers Philip Comines Lord of Argentine in France reporteth that it consumed no lesse then fourescore Princes of the bloud Royall and Paulus Iovius a Bishop of Novo Como in Italy resembleth the state of these warres to the most tragicall story of the Citie Thebes So let these few examples shewed in these 3. generall heads suffice in this briefe Description instead of many that might be brought for by these we may judge of the rest Now the benefit that may be gathered by perusing the severall sorts of them shall be to consider in the first the blessing of God poured upon us in preserving our Countrey and Nation against the severall Invasions of forraine enemies notwithstanding their severall and many attempts In the second the fall and ruine of rebellious Subjects taking Armes against their annointed Kings Princes and Governours And in the third the power of God and his heavie punishments inâ—licted upon us for our sinnes in making the one partie the scourge or maule of the other with revenging murder by murder working the depopulation of our fruitfull Countrey and ruinating of our Cities at home with losse and revolting of the territories in subjection unto us by just title of inheritance and conquest abroad And in all of them representing unto us the lamentable Stories of the times fore-passed and gone to compare with the same the peaceable estate of the happy times possest and present wherein Martiall men have leisure to winne honour abroad the rest to live in quiet and wealth at home all factions forgotten and all rebellions surceased and repressed and for these blessings to yeeld due thankes unto Almightie God that hath provided for us such a Prince and so directed her in her governement over us that with ease and pleasure we may both behold the one and enjoy the other esoecially in these dangerous dayes of these latter times when all hostility and outrage of civill warres broiles and dissentions have seemed by the power of the Almightie hand of God stretched forth in our defence to have beene transported out of this Iland over the Seas into other Countries in so much as notwithstanding this calme securitie of our owne at home our neighbour-Nations of all sides abroad either through the licentious tyrannie of ungodly Princes that have laid persecution upon their Subjects or the mutinous dissentions of disobedient people that have raised Rebellions against their Princes have beene so turmoyled with garboyle of warres as they have been pitifully enforced to pray and seeke ayd at her Majesties hands and to submit themselves under the protection of her whom with us they acknowledge to be the very Deâ—endresse of the Christian Faith and Peace and the most naturall Nurse to the true Church of God By all loyall dutie therefore we are indebted to yeeld obedience unto her Majesty and to her Majesties most religious government by which we have received such peace as the world doth admire and following ages to her eternall fame shall record and with faithfull hearts pray that peace may ever dwell within her wals and prosperity abide within her Pallaces and that the abundance of her peace may continue as long as the Sunne and Moone endureth Cease civill broyles O Englands subject cease With streames of bloud staine this faire soyle no more As God so Kings must be obey'd with peace Yeeld thou thy due to them their right restore Wash with repentance these thine acts before Give loyall pledge with might resist her wrongs That raignes thy Prince to her thy Sword belongs 1 AT Battaile the 14 of October being Saturday the yeare of Christ 1066. William Duke of Normandy obtained this Land by Conquest and slew Harald King thereof with Gerth and Leofwin his brethren with 67974. Englishmen 2 Yorke burnt and 3000. of the Citizens and Normans slaine by the Danes under the leading of Harald and Canutus sonnes to Sweno King of Denmarke for the recovery of the Crowne to the Danish bloud 1069. W. C. reg 3. 3 Malcolme King of Scots invaded Tefidale Holdernesse and Cumberland charging his Souldiers to spare neither sex nor age of the English Nation Aâ— 1071. but the yeare following was himselfe forced to do homage to W. C. reg 5. 4 Elie surprised and wonne by the Conquerour the last part of this Land that stood out against the Normans under Hereward their most valiant Captain An. reg Conq. 7. 1073. 5 The first seating of the English in Wales through the dissention of their Princes who being called for partakers tooke from the Welch that which they could not againe recover 1090. reg 1. Ruf. 3. 6 At Alâ—wick Malcolme King of Scots invading Northumberland with his sonne Edward was slaine and all his boast discomfited by Rob. Mowbray Earle of North. reg Ruf. 5. 1029. 7
Northampton endammaged and the Countrey adjoyning spoyled through the civil dissention of the three brethren William Robert and Henry sons to the Conq. H. 1. An. 7. 1106. 8 Powes land invaded by King Henry 1. and resisted so by the Welch being strooke with an arrow on the breast that it had almost cost him his life An. reg 21. 1121. 9 At Cardigan a sore battell was fought in Octob. 1136. whereinmany thousands were slaine and men by women led away captives reg Steph. 1. 10 Bristow taken by Robert Earle of Glocester in the defence of his sister Maud the Empresse against K. Stephen reg 3. 1138. 11 David K. of Scots invading Northumberland made his spoyle as far as Alverton in Yorkeshire where being encountred by Thurstan Archbishop of Yorke William Earle of Albemarle Wa. Espeke Wil. Peverel and the two Lacies Aug. 22. was with his sonne Henry put to flight and ten thousand Scots slain 1139. Sep. 4. 12 Nottingham taken and burned by Rob. bastard Earle of Glocester in defence of his sister Maud the Empresse 1140. Steph. 5. 13 At Lincolne by Ranulph Earle of Chester and Rob. Earle of Glocester K. Stephen was taken prisoner had to Glocest. thence to Bristow and there laid in irons Feb. 2. 1141. reg 5. 14 From Winchester Maud the Empresse her Armies both of Scots and English dispersed overcome fled to Lutegarshall to Vies and thence to Glocester laid in a horse-litter fained to be her dead corps and her brother Rob. taken prisoner reg Step. 6. 1141. 15 From Oxford Maud the Empresse with five persons â—â—e apparelled in white sheets to deceive the Kings Scout-watch fled through the snow and so escaped that besieged Town An. 1142. Steph. 7. 16 At Edmundsbury Robert Earle of Leicester with Petronill his Countesse were taken prisoners and 20000. taken and slain by Richard Lucie L. chiefe Iustice and Humfrey dâ— Bohun high Constable of England Octob. 17. 1173. H. 2.19 17 At Aluwick W. King of Scots was taken prisoner by Rob. Scotvile Randulph Mandevile Barnard Bailiol W. Vescy Capt his army containing 80000. fighting men Iuly 7. 1174. he was sent to London and by K. Henry carried into Normandy imprisoned at Roan and ransomed at 4000. pounds 18 At Lincolne all the English Barons with 400. Knights that took part with Lewes were overthrown and taken May 19. 1217. and first of H. 3. 19 At Montgomery Llewellen Prince of Wales through the practise of a traiterous Monk overcame and slew many of the Kings power An. 1231. reg H. 3.15 20 At Chesterfield a conflict was done wherein Robert Ferrers Earle of Darby was taken and many slain An. H. 3.41 1256. 21 Northampton surprised by King Henry 3. agâ—inst his rebellious Barons April 4 1263. reg 48. 22 At Lewes May 12. 1264. King H. 3. by his unfaithfull Barons with his brother Richard King of Alman and his son Prince Edward were taken prisoners There were slain about 4500. by Simon Montfort Gil. Clare Earlâ— of Leicest Glocest. reg H. 3.48 23 At Evesham the 5. of Aug. 1265. a sore battell was fought wherein K. H. 3. prevailed against the Barons through their owne dissentions and most of them slain as Sim. Monfort Earl of Leicest and 17. Lords and Knights besides Humfrey Bohun and with him tenne men of great account taken prisoners and slaughter of all the Welch-men An. reg 48. 24 Berwick won and 25000. Scottish slain An. E. 1.24 1296. 25 At Bluith Leolin the last Prince that bare rule of the Britains coming from Snowdown by Rog. Strangb was slaine and his head crowned with Ivie set upon the Tower of London Edward 1.10 An. 1282. 26 At Mitton 3000. Yorkeshire men were slaine encountring with the Scots invading their Countrey called the white battell for that it consisted most of Clergieâ—men An. 1318. reg E. 2.12 27 Vnto Preston in Andernesse Rob. Bruse King of Scots invaded England burned the same Towne and haried the Countrey before him reg E. 2.14 An. 1322. 28 Borrowbridge battell fought betwixt E. 2. and his Barons Mar. 16. 1322. under the leading of Andr. Hercley Earle of Carlile where Tho. Earle of Lanc. was taken and with him 65. Lords and Knights Hum. Bohun being thrust into the fundament through a bridge was slaine An. reg 14. 29 At Blackamore the Scots following the English army took prisoners the Earle of Richm. and the French Ambassadour the King himselfe hardly escaped An. reg E. 2.15 1323. 30 At Glamorgan K. E. 2. by his unnaturall and cruell wife was taken November 16. 1326. and conveyed to Monmouth to Ledbery to Kenilworth to Corffe to Bristow thence to Barkley Castle and there lamentably murdered Septem 21. 31 At Stannop park the Scots intrenched themselves and against the English made rimes of disgrace as followeth An. Edw. 3.2 1328. Long beards heartlesse painted hoods witlesse Gay coates gracelesse make England thriftlesse 32 At Halidow-hill a great battell fought against the Scots wherein were slaine 8. Earles 1300. horse-men and common souldiers 35000. and their chiefe Champion Turnbul overcome by Rob. Venall Knight of Norfolke An. E. 3.7 1333. 33 Southampton sackt by Genoway Pirates under the leading of the King of Sicils son yet the Townes-men slâ—w 300. of them and their Captaine brained by a husbandmans club An. 1338. E. 3.12 34 Carleil Penreth and many Towns else burnt by the Scots under Wil. Dowglas yet lastly are overcome by the manhood and policy of Tho. Lucy Rob. Ogle the B. of that sea An. reg E. 3.19 1345. 35 At Nevils Crosse David Bruse King of Scots invading England with 60000. souldiers was taken prisoner by Io. Copland Esquire and conveyed to London with many of his Nobility besides many noble men slain in the field under the leading of Wil. Yong. Archb. of Yorke vicegerent the Lords Mowbray Percie and Nevill Q. Phillip in her owne person present encouraging her people to fight reg E. 3.20 1346. 36 The insurrection of the commons under the leading of Iack Straw Wat. Tiler and others after many rebellious acts done in Kent and Essex from Black-â—eath Mile-end and Smith-field were dispersed where the said Wat. Tiler was worthily slain by Wil. Walworth Maior of Lond. on Saturday Iun. 15. reg Rich. 2.4 An. 1381. 37 At North-Walsham the rebellious commons by the instigation of Io. Wraw who had gathered 50000. in Suffolke and under the leading of Iohn Litisar of Norwich Dyer calling himselfe King of the Commons were by Henry Spencer Bishop of that City overcome and their rusticall King drawn hanged and beheaded who had by violence carried with him the Lord Seales the Lord Morley Stephen Hales and Robert Sale Knights to serve at his Table and take his assayes Rich. 2.4 1381. 38 Neare Hatfield the rebellious commons of Essex were overcome and 500. of them slaine by Thomas Woodstock Duke of Glocest. An. 1382. Ric. 2.5 39 At Radcot-Bridge Tho. Duke of Glocester the Earls of Arundel Warwick Darby and Nottingham encountring
the South with Dorset and Hamp-shire and upon the West is confronted against partly by Gloucester and the rest by Somerset-shires 2 The forme thereof is both long and broad for from Inglesham upon Thamesis in the North to Burgat Damarum in the South are thirtie-nine miles the broadest part is from Buttermer Eastward to the Shire-stones in the West being twenty-nine the whole in circumference is one hundred thirty-nine miles 3 For aire it is seated in a temperate Climate both sweet pleasant and wholesome and for soyle saith Iohn of Sarisbury is exceeding fertile and plentifull yea and that with variety 4 The Northerne part which they call North-Wilt-shire riseth up into delectable hils attired with large woods and watered with cleare Rivers whereof Isis is one which soone becometh the most famous in the Land The South part is more even yeelding abundantly grasse and corne and is made the more fruitfull by the Rivers Wily Adder and Avon The midst of this County is most plaine and thereby is knowne and commonly called Salesbury-Plaines and lie so levell indeed that it doth limit the Horizon for hardly can a man see from the one side to the other These Plaines grase an infinite number of sheepe whose fleeces and flesh bring in an yearely revenew to their owners 5 Anciently this County was possessed by the Belgae who are seated by Ptolemy in Hamp-shire Somerset-shire and in this Tract and they as it seemeth by Caesar were of the Belgae in Gaul These as some hold were subdued by Vespasian Lieutenant of the second Legion under Claudius when the foundations of his future greatnesse were in these parts first laid by his many victories over the Britaines And herein surely the Romans seated for besides Yanesburie Trench by tradition held to be his in many other Forts in this Shire the Tract of their footing hath beene left and the stamped Coines of their Emperours found an apparent testimonie of their abode 6 After them the West-Saxons made it a part of their Kingdome whose border was Avon as witnesseth Athelward though the Mercians many times encroched upon them whereby many great battles as Malmsbury tels us betwixt them were fought when in the young yeares of their Heptarchie each sought to enlarge his by the lessening of the next but growne unto more ripenesse they assigned their limits by a great and long ditch crossing thorow the middest of these Plaines which for the wonder therof is supposed by the vulgar to be the worke of the Devil and is called of all Wansdike undoubtedly of Woden the Saxons Ancestor and great reputed God where a little village yet standeth and retaineth to name Wodens-burg At this place in Anno 590. Ceaulin the West-Saxon received such a foyle of the Britaines and his Country-men that he was forced to forsake his Kingdome and to end his dayes in exile becomming a pitifull spectacle even unto his enemies And in this place Ina the West-Saxon joyned Battle with Ceolred the Merciā whence both of them departed with equall losse The like was at Bradford by Kenilwach and Cuthred at Wilton betwixt Egbert and Beornwolfe at Edindon where K. Elfred was vanquisher of the Danes and at Wilton where the Danes wonne the day against him With as bloudy sucesse though not happening by sword was the issue of the Synod assembled at Calne a small Towne in this Countie in the yeare of Christ Jesus 977. where being hotly debating for the single life and against the marriages of the Clergie what wanted by the Word to prove their divorce was supplyed by a Stratagem and that very bloudy for suddenly the main timber brake and downe fell the floore with the Nobles and Prelates the Gentlemen and Commons whereby a great number were hurt and many more slain onely Dunstan the President and mouth for the Monks escaped untouched the Joist whereon his chaire stood remaining most firme which confirmed the sentence of their separations whom God had conjoyned and became the fall and snare of much incontinencie in both sexes 7 The chiefest Citie of this Shire is Salesbury removed from a higher but a far more convenient place whose want of water was not so great in the mother as is supplied and replenished in the daughter every street almost having a River running thorow her middest and for sumptuous and delicate buildings is inferiour to none The Cathedrall a most rich magnificent Church was begun by Richard Poore Bishop and with fourty yeares continuance was raised to her perfect beauty wherein are as many windowes as there are dayes in the yeare as many cast pillars of marble as there are houres in the yeare and as many gates for entrance as there are moneths in the yeare Neither doth this Citie retaine true honour to her selfe but imparteth hers and receiveth honour from others who are entituled Earles of Salesbury whereof eight noble Families have been dignified since the Normans Conquest and now is enjoyed by that most wise and loyall Counsellor Robert Cecill Lord high Treasurer of England and the worthy Patron of the place whereof my selfe am a member This Cities situation is in the degree of Latitude 51.10 minntes and from the first West point observed by Mercator 18. degrees and 31. minutes of Longitude 8 Over this old Salesbury sheweth it selfe where Kenrik overcame the Britains and where Canutus the Dane did great dammge by fire This formerly had been the seat of the Romans as likewise was Lecham as by their Coines digged up is apparant so were Brokenbridge and Cosham the Courts of the Saxon Kings But Fortune long since hath turned her face from all these as lately she did from many ancient and religious foundations planted in this Province whereof Malmesbury was the most famous I will not with Monmouth avouch the foundation thereof unto Mulmutius but by true records from Maidulph a Scot a man of great learning that therein built a Cell and led an Hermits life whereof Beda calleth it the Citie of Maidulph and we by contraction Malmsbury Adelme his disciple and successour built here a faire Monasterie which Athelstan the Monarch richly endowed and left his body after death there to rest Neither hath any graced this more then William her Monk in recording to posterities the Chronicles of our Land concerning both the Church and Common-weale wherein himselfe and wrote those Histories 9 Ambresbury for repute did second this built by Alfritha King Edgar his wife to expiate the sinne of murder which she committed upon young Edward her sonne in Law that hers might be King In this place Queene Eleanor widow to King Henry the third renounced all royall pompe and devoted her selfe unto God in the habit of a Nunne Other places erected for piety were at Salesburie Lacock Stanlege Wilton Ivichurch Farnleg Bradstocke Briopune and Bromhore These
was no place for Schollers to be in Warres loud Alarums ill consorting the Muses milde Harmonies Yet when the Normans had got the Garland on their heads these Danish stormes turned into Sun-shine dayes Gislebert the Monk with Odo Terricus and William all three of the like Monasticall Profession in the reigne of K. Henry the first resorted unto this place and in a publike Barne read the Lectures of Grammar Logick and Rhetoricke and Gistebert Divinitie upon the Sabbath and Festivall dayes From this little fountaine saith Peter Blessensis grew a great River which made all England fruitfull by the many Masters and Teachers proceeding out of Cambridge as out of a holy Paradise of God The first Colledge therein endowed with Possessions was Peter-house built by Hugh Balsham Bishop of Ely in the yeer of Grace 1284. whose godly example many others followed so that at this day there are sixteen most stately Colledges and Hals for building beautie endowments store of Students so replenished that unlesse it be in her other Sister Oxford the like are not found in all Europe But at what time it was made an Vniversitie let Robert de Remyngton tell you for me In the Reigne saith he of King Edward the First Grantbridge of a Schoole by the court of Rome was made an Vniversitie such as Oxford is Lastly the Meridian line cutting the Zenith over this Citie is distant from the furthest West-point according to Mercator 20. degrees 50. scruples and the Arch of the same Meridian lying betweene the Aequator and Verticall-point is 52. degrees 20. scruples 5 Another Citie formerly in great fame is Ely by the Saxons Eliâ— had in account for the repute and holinesse of Votary Nunnes there residing built first by Audrey wife to one Tombret a Prince in this Province who had this place as a part of her Dowrie she having departed from her second Husband Egbert King of Northumberland devoted herself to the service of God and built here a Monastery whereof she became the first Abbesse This in the Danish desolation was destroyed but soone after reedified by Ethelwâ—ld Bishop of Winchester who stored it with Monks unto whom King Edgar granted the jurisdiction over foure Hundreds and a halfe within these Fennes and the East-Angles limits which to this day are called The Liberties of S. Audrey after whose example many Nobles so enriched it with large Revenews that as Malmesbury saith the Abbot thereof laid up yeerely in his owne Coffers a thousand and foure hundred pounds And of latter times the Monks therof became so wealthy that their old decaied Church they renued with new most stately buildings which is now the Cathedrall of the Diocesse and for beauty giveth place to no other in the Land Eight other foundations set apart from secular use in this Province were at Thorney Charteres Denny Elsey Beach Barnwel Swasey and Shengey all which in the dayes of King Henry the Eight came to the period of their surpassing wealth and left their Lands to the dispose of his Will 6 The generall commoditie of this Shire is Corn which in the South and Champion part doth abundantly grow as also Saffron a very rich Spice Some Woods are there and Pasture both pleasant and profitable The North part thereof is Fenny but withall fruitfull whereof Henry of Hâ—ntington and William of Malmesbury thus do write This Fenny Country is passing rich and plenteous yea and beautifull also to behold wherein is so great store of fish that strangers doe wonder and water-fowle so cheape that five men may therewith be satisfied with lâ—sse then an halfe-penny 7 Places of ancient note in this Shire are these the Erminstreet-way which upoÌ„ the lower west parts of this Countie thorow Roiston runneth forthright unto Huntingdon And from Reach a Market-Towne standing neer to the River Came a great Ditch and Trench is cast all along New-Market-Heath which for the wonder conceived thereat is of the vulgar called The Devils ditch being in truth made for a defence against the Mercians by the East-Angles whose Kingdome is inverged The Gogmagog hils neere Cambridge retaine the remembrance of the Danish Station where as yet on their tops is seen a Rampire strengthned with a three-fold Trench whereof Gervase of Tilbury tels us many a prety Tale. 8 This Shire is divided into seventeen Hundreds wherein are seated eight Market-Towns and hath bin strengthened with seven Castles and God divinely honoured in 163. Parish-Churches CAMBRIDGSHIRE described with the deuision of the hundreds the Townes situation with the Armes of the Colleges of that famous Vniuersiti ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Cambridge-shire HVNDREDS in Cambridge-shire 1. VVIsbich 2. Wichford 3. Ely 4. Staplehoo 5. Chevelie 6. Stane 7. Northstoe 8. Papworth 9. Chesterton 10. Flendishe 11. Radfeild 12. Chilford 13. Whittlesford 14. Thryplow 15. Wetherley 16. Stowe 17. Armingford A Abington Arming Abington great Chil. Abington little Chil. Arrington Weth Ashley Cheu Aure VVich Audrey causey North. B Badburham Chil. Badlingham Staple Balsham Rad. Barrington VVeth Bartlowe Chil. Barton VVether Bassingborne Arm. Bedelthey Ely Brame Ely Brinckley Rad. Bottisham Stane Bourne Stowe Boxworth Pap. Burrow Rad. Burwells Staple C Cam Flu. Caldecott Stowe CAMBRIDGE Flend Castle Camps Chil. Shady Camps Chil. Carleton Rad. Catlidge Cheu Caxton Stowe The Chare VVich Chatteris VVich Chesterton Chest. Chetcham Ely Chevely Cheve Childerley Chest. Chippenham Stap. Clopton VVether Clowcrosse VVich Colham VVich Weston Colvill Rad. Comberton VVether Conyngton Pap. Copthall Ely Cottenham Chest. Cottenham North. Coveney VVich Crawden Arming Croxton Stowe D Ditton Flend Wood Ditton Cheve Dixford VVhittlesf Denny North. Doddington VVich Downham Ely Dowsdale VVis Drayton fenne Pap. Dry Drayton Chest. Dullingham Rad. E East great Stowe Eldernall VVich Elme VVis Elsworth Pap. Eltisley Stowe ELY Ely Erith causey VVich Eversden great Stowe Eversden little Stowe F Fordham Stap. Forton Thryp. Fowlmere Thryp. The Frith dike VVich Fulburne little Flend Fulburne great Flend G Gamlinghey Stowe Gaton Chest. Girton North. Gogmagog hils Flend Granceter VVether Gransden parva Stowe Gransden magna Stowe Graveley Pap. Gyherne VVis H Haddenham VVich Hardwick Stowe Harimere chap VVis Harlston Thryp. Harlton VVether Hastingfield VVeth Hatley East Arming Hatley S. George Stowe Hawxton Thryp. Hildersham Chil. Hinxton VVich Hobbes house VVis Hogginton North. Hormingsey Flend Horsheathe Chil. Cherry Hynton Flend Hystons Chest. I Ickleton VVic Impington North. Isellham Stap. K Kennitt Stap. Kingstone Stowe Knapwell Pap. Knesworth Arming Kyrtling Cheu L Landbeach North. Landwade Stap. New Leame VVic Watersey Leame VVis Leverington VVis Litlington Arming LITTLEPORT Ely Lowleworth North. LYNTON Chil. M Maddingley North. Maden lode Ely Maney VVich S. Maries Wis. Melborne Arming Melreth Arming Mepole Wich Mershe Wich Milton North. Gilden Morden Arming Steple Morden Arming N Newbernes Ely NEWMARKET Che. Newmarket-heath Che Newton Thryp. Newton Wis. Norney Ely O Ouse Flu. Owre
Hertford Hund. 8. Caisho Hund. A. Abbotsbury Edwinst. Assâ—ey Hitch S. ALBANS Caish. Aldbury Dacor Aldbury Edwinst. Aldbury Hall Edwinst. Aldenham Caish. Alswick Edwinst. Amwell little Hert. Amwell great Hert. Angabury Hitch Annables Dacor Anslye Edwinst. Ashwell Odsey Aspender Edwinst. Aston Brod. Ayott Laurence Brod. Ayott little Brod. B The Beacon Hert. The Beacon Brod. The Beacon Odsey BALDOCK Brod. BARKHAMSTED D. Barkhamsted Hert. BARKWAY Edwinst. Barley Edwinst. Bartrams Brang. The Base Hert. Beachams Edwinst. Beaches Edwinst. Beamonds Caish. Beche Wood Dacor Bedmont Caish. Bedwell Hert. Bedwell Parke Hert. Bell Bare Caish. Benington Brod. Benjoy Hert. HIGH BERNET Caish. Bernet East Caish. Bersted Dacor Berwick Brang. Bibswell Hitch Bleakswaye Brang. Bouington Dacor Bourne Hall Caish. Bourne end Dacor Box-wood Brod. Bradfield Odsey Bragherend Brod. Bramsifield Caish. Branfield Hert. Branghing Brang. Brickenden Hert. High Bridge Caish. Briggens Brang. Brodwater Brod. Brokell Hall Brod. Broxboume Wood Hert. Broxbome Hert. Buckland Edwinst. BVNTINGFORD Ed. Burley Brod. Burwells greene Brod. Bushey Hall Dacor Bushie Caish. Bygrave Odsey C Caddington Dacor Caishoe Caish. Caishoe Bridge Caish. Caishoburie Caish. Calkott Odsey Camberlow greene Odsey Cassulburie Brang. Chandose Dacor Cheisfield Brod. Chepperfield Dacor Cheston Hert. Cheston Parke Hert. Cheston Nunnery Hert. Clothall Odsey Coddicott Caish. Cokenhatch Edwinst. Colliers End Brang. Colshill Dacor Colney Caish. Colvestreet Caish. Coringley Edwinst. Corner Hall Dacor Cottered Odsey High Crosse Brang. Cudicott Hitch Cuhollgate Caish. D Dane End Dacor Dane End Brod. Darnels Brod. Datchworth Brod. Digswell Brod. Dogshed Edwinst. E Eastwicke Brang. Elstree Caish. Epalletts Hitch Essenden Hert. F Fincher end Brod. Flamsteed Dacor Flaunden Dacor Fresden Dacor Friers Brang. The Friers Dacor G Gabbins Hert. Gabbins Caish. Gadsden little Dacor Gadsden great Dacor Geldesden Brang. Gigging Edwinst. Gorehambury Caish. Graveley Brod. Gravesend Edwinst. Grove Caish. H Hadham great Edwinst. Hadham little Edwinst. Hadham nash Edwinst. Halmeley Brod. Haly Hert. Harding Dacor Harpsfield Hall Brod. HERTFORD Hert. Hartingfordbury Hert. Hatfield Wood Hert. HATFIELD Bishops Brod. Haulwicke Brod. Helshams Hall Edwinst. HEMPSTEED Dacor Henxworth Odsey Hexton Caish. Hide Hall Odsey Hidehall Brang. Highover Hitch Highstreet Dacor Hillend Caish. HITCHING Hitch HODDESDON Hert. Horkerell Brang. Holey Hert. Hormead great Edwinst. Hormead little Edwinst. How End Hitch Holwell Brod. Hunsdon Brang. Hyde Caish. I Ickleford Hitch Ilestrey Caish. K Kellshull Odsey Kempton Hitch Kensworth Dacor Kinswoodbury Odsey Kinsburne Dacor Knebworth Brod. L Ladwell Hitch Laiston Edwinst. No mans Land Caish. Kings Langley Dacor Langley Abby Caish. Langley Hitch The Lea Caish. Lechworth Brod. Lenmere Dacor Levesden Caish. Ludwell Hitch Ludwick Hall Brod. Lullie Hitch M Mallocks Brang. S. Margets Hert. Maiden Crosse Hitch Meesden Edwinst. Merden Hert. Merston long Dacor S Michael Caish. Milford Edwinst. Minhall Caish. Minsingbery Edwinst. Monden frewell Brod. Monden furnivall Brod. More Parke Caish. Morehouse Caish. North Myms N Nasthide Caish. Newbarne Caish. Newenham Caish. Newenham Odsey Newgatestreet Hert. Newhall Brang. New place Brang. Nimhall Northaw Caish. Northchurch Dacor Norton Caish. Norton Odsey Newsels Edwinst. Nuthamsted Edwinst. Nimhall Caish. O Odsey grange Odsey Owghton Head Hitch Owley Edwinst. P Pansanger Hert. Parkeward Caish. Patmer Hall Edwinst. Pelham burnt Edw. Pelham Furneux Edw. Pelham stocking Edw. Penley Dacor Periton Hitch Pessebery Brang. Potters crouch Caish. Pottrels bare Caish. Pottrels Caish. Popes Hert. The Pree Caish. Preston Hitch The Priorie Brod. PVCKERIDGE Bran. Punchin end Dacor Punsburne Hert. Putnam Dacor Putteridge Hitch Q Quenbery Edwinst. Quickswood Odsey R Radwell Odsey Redborne Caish. The Ree Brang. Reed Odsey Redgewells Edwinst. Reuels Brod. Reyford Hert. RICKMANSWORTH Caish. Ricknesse Brang. Ridge Caish. ROISTON Odsey Rose Hall Caish. Rushden Odsey S Sabsworth Brang. Salesbery Caish. Sandon Odsey Sarret Caish. Satridge Brang. Sauntridge Caish. Sawcombe Brod. The Scale Hert. Shenley Caish. Sheepehall Brod. Shepeshide Caish. Sâ—inglehall Brang. Sinkles Caish. Sleape Caish. Smalford Caish. Sopwell Caish. Spelbrooke Brang. Standen Brang. Stansted Abbots Brang. Stanthecle Brang. Stapleford Hert. S. Stephens Caish. Stevenage Brod. STORTFORD Bishops Brang. Studham Dacor Sullemaca Caish. T Tannis Edwinst. Tednambury Brang. Temple Brod. Temple dinsley Hitch Tewing Hert. Tharfield Odsey S. Thomas Chappell Hitch Thoreley Brang. Throcking Edwinst. Thundrick Brang. Thyobald Hert. Titten hanger Caish. Totteredge Brod. Totteredge Caish. TRING Dacor Tunwell Brod. Two waters Dacor V Vphall Brang. W Wadesmill Brang. Wakerley Edwinst. Walden S. Pauls Hitch Walden Kings Hitch Walkerne Brod. Wallington Odsey Waltham Crosse Hert. Walsworth Hitch Ware Parke Brang. WARâ— Brang. Watford Hall Hert. WATFORD Caish. Watton Brod. Waymer Castle Brang. Welbery Hitch Welde Caish. Wellwin Brod. Westhide Caish. Westmill Brang. Weston Brod. Westwich Caish. Wheathamsteed Dacor Whitebarnes Edwinst. Widboro hill Brang. Widford Brang. Wigginton Dacor Willesborne Dacor Willion Brod. Windridge Caish. Withiall Edwinst. Woodgreene Hert. Woodhall Brod. Wormeley Hert. Wulmer grene Brod. Wymley great Brod. Wimley little Brod. Y Yardley Odsey BEDFORD-SHIRE CHAPTER XXI BEDFORD-SHIRE seated in the South-East of this Iland is a plaine and Champion Countrey and lyeth bounded upon the North with Huntington-shire upon the East with Cambridge and Hartford-shires and upon the West with Buckingham and Northampton-shires 2 The forme thereof is somewhat ovall and not very large for from Tilbroke in the North unto Studham in the South are but twentie foure English miles and from Turny in the West unto Hatley Coking in the East are not fully foureteene the whole in circumference about seventie three miles 3 The Aire is temperate and the Soile bountious especially the North whose borders the fruitfull Ouse with her many windings watereth The South is more leane and with greater industry bringeth forth Barley no better else-where Generally this Countie is Champion though some places be sprinkled with Pasturage and Woods 4 The ancient Inhabitants knowne to the Romans that held in this Shire were part of the Cattieuchlani a stout and warre-stirring people and yet upon the report of Caesars proceeding sent him their subjection for peace But when that conquering Nation had brought Britaine into a Province under Rome their Legions lay at Sclanea and Magintum which are now Sandy and Dunstable places of memorable note in this Shire After them the Saxons coveting for so faire a Seat first dispossessed the Britaines under the leading of Cuthwulfe the West-Saxon about the yeere of Grace 572. who making it their owne was lastly enjoyed by the Mercians as a part of their Kingdome 5 In the yeere of Christs Incarnation 1399. immediately before those Civill Warres that rent in pieces the peace of this Land betwixt the Princes of Lancaster and Yorke the River Ouse neere unto Harwood stood suddenly still and refrained to passe any further so that forward men passed three miles together on foot in the very depth of her Channell and backward the waters swelled unto a great height which was observed by the judicious to foretell some unkind division that shortly
wig Pembridge Castle worm PEMBRIDGE Stret Pencombe Brox. Pencoyd worm Penrosse worm Penyard Castle Grey Pery Brox. Peterchurch web Peterstowe worm Piddleston wols Pixley Chapell Rad. Poston web Preston Brox. Preston web Putley Chapell Grey Putteley Grey Pype Grims R Castle Richards wols Risbury wols Rochford wols Rod wig ROSSE Grey Rosse Ferren Grey Rosemaund Brox. Rotheras web Rowlston Ewia. Rudhall Grey S Salers hope Grey Over Sappy Brox. Nether Sappy Brox. Sarnesfeild Stret Sarnesfeild Wols Sarnesfeild Coffen Stret Selleck worm Shellwicke Grims Shobden VVig Shobdon Stret Shorley VVig Snowdell Castle Ewia. Stanbache VVig Stanford Kings Brox. Stanford Bishops Bro. Staunton VVig Staunton upon Wyland Grims Stepleton Castle Wig. Stocklo Stret Stockton Wols Stogbach VVig Stogbach VVols Stoke VVols Stoke Edye Rad. Stoke Lacy Brox. Stoke Blish Brox. Stouton Stret Stretton Grims Stretton Rad. Stretford Wols Stretford Stret Suggas Grim. Suston Grey Sutton Brox. T Tadington Rad. Tedston Dalamer Brox. Tedston Wafer Brox. Teneraven Chapell Worm Thornbury Brox. Tregose Grey Tresek Worm Tretier Worm Trewin Ewia. Triago Worm Tripleton VVig Tupsley Grims Turnaston VVeb Twyford VVeb Tyberton Web. Tytley VVig V The golden Vale VVeb Vpton VVols Vpton Grey W Wackton Brox. Wadels Flu. Walderston Ewia. Walford VVig Walford Grey Warham Grims Warton VVols S. Waynards VVorm The Weares end VVor. WEBLEY Stret Wellington Grims Weobley Stret Weston Stret Weston beggar Rad. Weston subter Gre. Wethington Brox. Wheyle VVols Whitborne Brox. Whitchurch VVorm Whitney Stret Witney Hunl. Wicton VVols Wigmor Castle VVig Willersley Stret Wilton Castle worm Winforton Hunl. Winforton Stret Winkcot wols Winssey wols Winslowe Brox. Wolhope Grey The Worlds end Rad. Wormebridge web Wormsley Grim. Wonton Stret Wullferlow Brox. Wytton wig Y Yarcle Rad. Yarpoll wols Yasor Grims Yatton Grey Yetton wig WORCESTER-SHIRE by the English-Saxons called Wir-ceasder-scyre is a County both rich and populous and lyeth circulated upon the North with Stafford-shire upon the East with Warwicke and Oxford-shires upon the South with Glocester-shire and the West by Malverne hils is parted from Hereford-shire the rest lyeth confronted upon and in part divided from Shrop-shire by the River Dowles 2 The forme thereof is triangle but not of equall proportion for from North to South are thirtie two miles from South to North-west twentie two and from thence to her North-east point are twentie eight the whole in circumference is one hundred and twenty miles 3 The Aire in this Shire is of a favourable temperature that gives an appetite for labour diet and rest the Soile is fertile and to me seemed inferior to none other in this Land for besides the abundance of Corne in every place spread the Woods and Pasturage in her hils and plaines sweet Rivers that water the vallies below Cattle that cover the tops of higher ground the Fields Hedge-rowes and High-wayes are beset with fruitfull Peare-trees that yeeld great pleasure to sight commodious use for with their juyce they make a bastard kinde of wine called Peâ—rey which is both pleasant and good in taste Many Salt Springs also this County affordeth yea and more then are commonly in use such with the Germans our ancient Predecessors were esteemed most sacred and holy so that as Tacitus writeth to such they wontedly resorted to supplicate their Gods with their devout prayers as to places neerest the heaveÌ„s and therefore the sooner to be heard And Poets in their fainings will have the Nymphs residence in shady green groves and banks of sweet Springs if so then as Helicon this County affords both such are the Forrests of Wire and Feckenham the great woods of Norton and most faire Chase of Malverne And for waters to witnesse what I say is the Severne that cuts this Shire in the midst Teme Salwarp and Avon all of them making fruitfull their passage and stored with Fish of most delicious taste 4 The ancient people possessors of this Shire were the CORNAVII Inhabitants of Chesse-shire Shrop-shire Stafford and Warwicke-shires subdued by the Romanes in Claudius Caesars time and after their departure made a portion of the Mercian-Saxons Kingdome and in Bedaes time were called the Wicii whereof it may be this Shire had the name unlesse you will have it from the Salt-pits which in old English are named Wiches or from the famous Forrest of Wyre Howsoever true it is that the County doth hold her name from her chiefe Citie VVorcester 5 Which is most pleasantly seated passing well frequented and very richly inhabited This was the Branonium mentioned by Antonine and Ptolemie called by the Britains Caer-wrangon by Ninius Caer-Gourcon by the old Saxons Wire-ceasder and by the Latines Vigornia This Citie is seated upon the East banke of Severne and from the same is walled in triangle-wise about extending in circuit one thousand sixe hundred and fiftie paces thorow which seven Gates enter with five other Watch-Towers for defence It is thought the Romanes built this to restrain the Britaines that held all beyond Severne This City by Hardy Canute in the yeer of Christ 1041. was sorely endangered and set on fire and the Citizens slaine almost every one for that they had killed his Collector of the Danish Tribute yet was it presently repaired and peopled with many Burgesses and for fifteene Hides discharged it selfe to the Conquerour as in his Doomesdayes is to be seene But in the yeer 1113. a suddaine fire happened no man knew how which burnt the Castle and Cathedrall Church Likewise in the civill broiles of King Stephen it was twice lighted into a flame and the latter laid it hopelesse of recovery Notwithstanding from those dead Ashes a new Phenix arose and her building raised in a more stately proportion especially the Cathedrall dedicated to S. Mary first laid by Bishop Sexwolfe in Anno 680. since when it hath been augmented almost to the River In the midst of whose Quire from his many turmoiles resteth the body of King Iohn the great withstander of the Popes proceedings under a Monument of white Marble in Princely Vestures with his portraiture thereon according to life And in the South-side of the same Quire lyeth intombed Prince Arthur the eldest sonne to King Henry the Seventh his Monument is all black Jette without remembrance of him by Picture This City is governed by two Bailiffes two Aldermen two Chamberlaines and two Constables yeerely elected out of twenty-foure Burgesses clothed in Scarlet assisted with 48. other Citizens whom they call their Common Counsellors clad in Purple a Recorder Towne-Clerke and five Sergeants with Mace their Attendants Whose Geographicall Position is distant in Longitude from the West-Meridian 18. degrees 10. scruples having the North-Pole elevated in Latitude 52. degrees and 32. scruples 6 Places of further note for memorable antiquitie is Vpton of great account in the Romane time where some of their Legions kept as witnesse their monies there often found the admirable Ditch upon Malverne
blacke Channons of the Order of S. Augustine founded by thâ— Bigrames and at the Suppression valued at 62. l. 12. s. 3. d. ob It stood within the reach of the great Mannor Kimbolton once an Hundred which was the land of Earle Harold the Usurper after by Graunt it came with the Chase of Swinesheved to Fitz-Peter from whom by Magnavil to Bobum who in time of the tumultuous Barons built there a â—orcelet and so to Stafford by whose attainture forfeited it was given by Henry the eight to the Familie of Wingfield that now possesseth it At Bugden the See of Lincolne hath a seat and was Lord of Spaldwick and the Soke given in compensation from the Church of Ely when rent from them it was by the first Henry made a Bishopricke untill of late that Church gave up their interest in Spaldwicke to the Crowne Brampton was given by King Iohn at Mirabel to Earle David and by Ada his youngest Daughter fell to Hastings Earle of Pembroke and now is reverted to the King To the same Earle David by gift of the former King came Alcumesbury and by the bountie of Iohn Scot his sonne to Segrave and so to the Lord Barkley the late possessor To Serlo de Quiney Earle of Winchester was Keston by Henry the second given by whose Heire generall Ferrars it came to the late Earle of Essex and by exchange to the Crowne 10 TOULESLAND HUNDRED taketh name likewise of a Town therein situate In the out Angle of this to the memory of S. Neotus a Monke of Glastenbury but the supposed sonne to Ethelwolfe K. of the West-Saxons whose body from Neostâ—ck in Cornwall was transferred to Arnulphesbury then of Arnulphus a holy man now Eynesbury named Earle Alrick and Ethelâ—â—eda turned the Palace of Earle Elfred into a Monastery of blacke Monks which was razed by the Danes but out of the ashes of this Râ—isia wife to Richard the sonne of Earle Gilbert to God our Lady de Becco and S. Nâ—oâ— as a Cell to the Abbey of Becco in Normandy erected up of blacke Monks in the yeare 1113. the late Priory of S. Neâ—es suppressed by Henry the eight and valued at 256. l. 15. d. q. At Soâ—tho the Land of Eustachius the Sheriffe Lovetote made the seat of that Seignory on which in this Shire 13. Knights Fees and a halfe dependeâ— But from his line by gift of Veâ—don and Vesey drowned were these in the honour of Gloucester Near to this at Cretingsbury dwelt Sir Adam de Cretings famous in Edward the thirds warres of France whose Heire Generall Waâ—ton doth now possesse it Staunton given by the first William to Gilbert de Gaunt after the death issuelesse of De Rupes escheated to the King who gave it to Ioan his sister Queene of Scots She on the Abbey of Tarent bestowed paâ—t the rest reverting being given to Segraâ—e descended to the Barons of Berkly Godmâ—nchester or Gormonchester so named of that Daâ—e to whom Aelfred at his Conversion granted some regiment in these parts was the old land of the Crowne now the Inhabitants in â—ee-farme by grant of King Iohn pro Sexies viginti libris pondere numero It is flat seated by as fruitfull and flowrie Meadowes as any this Kingdome yeeldeth and is the most spacious of any one Parish in fertile tillage oft having waâ—ted on the Soveraigne Lords with ninescore Ploughes in a rurall pompe Some from the name Gunicester which this often beareth in record suppose it the Citie where Machutus placed his Bishops Chaire But for certaine it was that Roâ—ane Town Durosiâ—oâ—â— of the Bridges named so many hundred yeares untill the light of our Britaine Story overshone it forgotten Thus as this Citiâ— so the old â—amilies have been here with time outworne few onely of the many former now remaining whose Surnames before the raigne of the last Henry were in this Shire of any eminency But Non indignemur mortalia Nomina solvi Cernimus exemplis Oppida posse mori Let 's not repine that Men and Names doe dye Since Stone-built Cities dead and ruin'd lye This Description I received from a right worthy and learned Friend ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Huntington-shire THE HUNDREDS NOrman-Crosse Hurstingston Leightenstone Tosland A Abbottesley Tosl Agden mill Leigh Alerton Norm Alkmundbury wood Hurst Alkmundbury Leigh S. Andrews Chappell Norm B Barham Leigh Beggers bush Tosl Bigen Hurst Billingbrooke Norm Birtholme Lodge Leigh Bithorne Leigh Bluntsham hurst Botsey hurst Botulph Bridge Norm Brampton leigh Brinton leigh Brik-Mere Norm Broughton wood hurst Broughton hurst Bruc-Castle Norm Buckworth leigh Buckworth grove leigh Buckworth Beacon leigh Bugden Tosl Bury Hurst C Calâ—ot Norm Calfo wood leigh Canutus Dike or Sword Dyke Norm Great Catworth Leigh Little Catworth Leigh Catworth mili leigh The Chase hurst Chesterton Norm Colne hurst Conington Norm Conquest Loode Norm Copinford leigh Covington leigh Cretingesbery Tosl D Dantree Norm Denton Norm Denton and Calton â—enne Norm Diddington Tosl Durosiponte Tosl E Easton leigh Ellington leigh Elton Norm Elton-Parke Norm Elton-Mill Norm Erith hurst Ermin-streete Norm Everton Tosl Eynesbury Tosl F Farset Norm Farset Kings delâ—e Norm Fenton hurst Folkesworth Norm G Gramsey hurst Great Gidding leigh Little Gidding leigh Steeple Gidding leigh Glatton Norm Glatton Fenne Norm Godmanchester Tosl Great Grandsden Tosl Grasham leigh H Haddon Beacon Norm Haddon Norm Haddon Mill Norm Hamerton leigh Hamerton Mill leigh Haleweston Tosl Heathmangrove hurst Hemingford Abbey Tosl Hemingford Grey Tosl Herford hurst Highney Norm Highney-lodge Norm Hilton Tosl Hinchingbrooke hurst Holm-lood Norm Holy well hurst Holy well Fen hurst Horsey Bridge Norm Houghton hurst HVNTINGTON hurst I S. IVES hurst S. Ives street hurst K Keston leigh KIMBALTON leigh L Leighton Leigh Leighton Mill leigh Luddington Leigh Lutton Norm M Molesworth leigh Monkeswood hurst Morborn Norm The Moore Tosl Myddloâ— Tosl N Nedingworth hurst Neen flu Norm S. NEOT Tosl New-dike Norm New-parke leigh O Offord Cluny Tosl Offord Dacy Tosl Ogerston Norm Overton Longvill Norm Overton Watervill Norm Ould Hurst hurst P Papworth Agnes Tosl Little Paxton Tosl Great Paxton Tosl Pertenhall leigh Pidley hurst Pirry leigh Pits water Norm Portmed Tosl R Ramsey hurst Ramsey Meere hurst Ramsey Fenne hurst Ramsey Moore Norm Little Reveley hurst Great Reveley hurst Ripton Abbots hurst Ripton Parke Hurst Kings Ripton hurst Rowey hurst Romerstreeme lood Norm S Salom-wood leigh Saltrey-Mill Norm Saltrey Abâ—ey Norm Saltrey Grange Norm Saltrey Judith Norm Saltrey Moynes Norm Saltrey Beumes Norm Saply Parke hurst Sibthorpe leigh Small dike Norm Somersham fenne hurst Somersham parke hurst South-hoo Tosl Spaldwick-mill leigh Spaldwick leigh Fenny Stanton Tosl Stibinton Norm Stilton Norm Stilton Fen Norm Stilton mill Norm Stongate hole leigh Stonly leigh Stonly Priory leigh Great Stoughton Tosl Stow leigh Stranground Norm Little Stukeley hurst Great Stukeley hurst Swineshead leigh T Terwerth Tâ—â—l Thurning leigh Toseland
good Peatling great good Peckleton spar Pickering grange spar Pickwell gart Plungar fram Prestwold east Q Quarendon west Quenby east Quenyborowe east R Ragdale east Ratbye spar Ratcliffe culie spar Ratcliffe upon Wreake east Raunston in Darbysh west Rearsbie east Redmore spar Redmyle fram King Richards feild spar Rodeley west Rotherby east Rowlston gart S Saddington gart Saltbie fram Sapcote spar Saxbie fram Saxulbie east Scallford fram Scechesley spar Scraptoste gart Segrave east Sence flu Sewsterne fram Seyston east Shakerston spar Shankton gart Sharnford spar Shawell good Shaxton spar Sheepie little spar Sheepie great spar Shenton spar Sheepes head west Sheresbye good Shilton spar Shouldby east Sibston spar Skeffington east Slawston gart Smeeto gart Snarston spar Snibston west Snyte flu Sproxton fram Stanton spar Stanton harold west Stanton wyvell gart Stanton under Barton spar Stapleford fram Stapleton spar Stathorne fram Stoke golding spar Stokerston gart Stonesbie fram Stony Stanton spar Stoure flu Stowghton gart Stretton great gart Stretton little gart Sumerbee fram Sutton good Sutton chenney spar Swannington west Swebston west Swift flu Swinford good Swithland west Sylebye east Sysesore east Sysonbee fram T Temple spar Theddingworth gart Thornton spar Thorpacre west Thorpe good Thorpe Arnold fram Thorpe sachfeld east Thrinkston west Thurcaston west Thurlston spar Thurmaston east Thurnby gart Thussington east Tilton east Toly Parke spar Tonge west Trent flu Tugby east Thurlancton gart Twicrosse spar Twyford east V Vlvescrosse Abbey west Vllesthorne good Vlveston gart Vpton spar W Walcot good WALTHAM on the wowld fram Walton good Walton on the wowld east Wanlipp west Wartnabie east Welbie fram Welham gart Welland flu Welsborow spar Westerby gart Wetherlye spar Whalton long west Wheston good Whittington grange spar Whitwike west Wigston little good VVigston great good VVikeham fram VVikin spar VVilloughbye waterlesse good VVilston west VViston gart VVithcorke fram VViverby fram VVoodhouse west VVorthington west VVreake flu VVykin east VVymondham fram VVynaswold east Y Ybstocke spar LINCOLN-SHIRE CHAPTER XXXII THe County of Lincolne by the English-Saxons called Lincoll-scyre and by the Normans Nicolshire is confined on the North with Humber on the East with the Germane Ocean upon the South is parted from Cambridge and Northamptonshire by the River Nine and on the West from Nottingham and Yorke-shires by Dun and Trent 2 The length of this Province extended from Barton upon Humber in the North unto Stanford upon the River Nine in the South are miles by our English measure fifty-five and the bredth thereof from Newton in the VVest stretched unto Winthorp upon her East Sea containeth thirty five The whole in circumference about one hundred and eighty miles 3 The Ayre upon the East and South part is both thicke and foggy by reason of the Fennes and unsolute grounds but therewithall very moderate and pleasing Her graduation being removed from the Equator to the degree of 53. and the windes that are sent of her still working Seas doe disperse those vapours from all power of hurt 4 The forme of this Countie doth somewhat resemble the body of a Lute whose East coasts lye bowe-like into the Germane Ocean all along pestered with in-lets of salt waters and sands which are neither firme nor safe for travellers as those in the South proved unto K. Iohn who marching Northward from Northfolke against his disloyall Barons upon those washes lost all his furniture and carriage by the sudden returne of the Sea and softnesse of the Sands 5 Her Soile upon the West and North is abundantly fertile pleasant and rich stored with pasturage areable and meadowing grounds the East and South Fenny and blackish and for Corne barren but for Fowle and Fish exceeding any other in the Realme wherein at some times and seasons of the yeere hath beene taken in nets in August at one draught above three thousand Mallards and other Fowles of the like kinde 6 The Shires commodities consist chiefly in Corne Cattle Fish Fowle Flax and Alablaster as also in a Plaister much esteemed of by the Romans for their works of Imagerie and whereof Pliny in his naturall History maketh mention And the Astroites a precious stone Star-like pointed with five beames or rayes anciently esteemed for their vertue in victories upon the South-west of this County neere Bever are found not far thence in our Fathers memory at Harlaxton was ploughed up a brasen vessel wherein was inclosed a golden Helmet of an ancient fashion set with precious stones which was presented to Katharin of Spain Wife and Dowager to King Henry the Eight 7 This Shire triumpheth in the births of Beaucleark King Henry the First whom Selby brought forth and of King Henry the Fourth at Bullingbrooke born but may as justly lament for the death of King Iohn herein poysoned by Simon a Monk of Swynsted Abby and of Queene Eleanor wife to King Edward the First the mirrour of wedlocke and love to the Commons who at Hardby neere Bullingbrooke his birth-place ended her life 8 Trade and commerce for provision of life is vented thorow thirtie one Market-Townes in this Shire wherof Lincolne the Counties namer is chiefe by Ptolemie and Antonine called Lindum by Beda Linde-collina by the Saxons Linoo collyne and by the Normans Nichol. Very ancient it is and hath beene more magnificall as by her many over-turned ruines doth appeare and farre more populous as by Domesdayes book is seene where it is recorded that this Citie contained a thousand and seven Mansions and nine hundred Burgesses with twelve Lage-men having Sac and Soc. And in the Normans time saith Malmesburie it was one of the best peopled Cities of England being a place for trafficke of Merchandise for all commers by Land or Sea Herein King Edward the Third ordained his Staple for the Mart of Wools Leather and Lead and no lesse then fiftie Parish-Churches did beautifie the same but now containeth onely fifteen besides the Cathedrall Some ruines yet remaine both of Frieries and Nunneries who lye now buried in their owne ashes and the Citie conquered not by warre but by time and very age and yet hath she not escaped the calamitie of sword as in the time of the Saxons whence Arthur enforced their Hoâ—t the like also did Edmund to the destroying Danes by the Normans it suffered some dammage where King Stephen was vanquished and taken prisoner and againe by the Third Henry who assaulted and wan it from his rebellious Barons By fire likewise it was sore defaced wherein not onely the buildings were consumed but withall many men and women in the violence thereof perished as also by an Earthquake her foundation was much weakened and shaken wherein the faire Cathedral Church dedicated to the Virgin of Virgins was rent in pieces The government of this Citie is committed yeerely to a Maior two Sheriffes twelve Aldermen in Scarlet a Sword a Hat of estate a Recorder Sword-bearer and foure Sergeants with Maces
and strongly built with foure faire Gates opening into the fouâ—e winds besides three posternes and seven Watch-Towers extending in compasse one thousand nine hundred and forty paces On the South of this City is mounted a Strong and stately Castle round in forme and the base Court likewise inclosed with a circular wall In the North is the Minster first built by Earle Leofrike to the honour of Saint Werburga the Virgin and after most sumptuously repaired by Hugh the first Earle of Chester of the Normans now the Cathedrall of the Bishops See Therein lyeth interred as report doth relate the body of Henry the fourth Emperour of Almaine who leaving his Imperiall Estate led lastly therein an Hermites life This City hath formerly been sore defaced first by Egfrid King of Northumberland where he slew twelve hundred Christian Monkes resorted thither from Bangor to pray Againe by the Danes it was sore defaced when their destroying feet had trampled downe the beauty of the Land But was againe rebuilt by Ethelfleada the Mercian Lady who in this County and Forrest of Dilamer built Eadesburg and Finborow two fine Cities nothing of them now remaining besides the Chamber in the Forrest Chester in the dayes of King Edgar was in most flourishing estate wherein he had the homage of eight other Kings who rowed his Barge from S. Iohns to his Palace himselfe holding the Helm as their supreme This City was made a County incorporate of it selfe by King Henry the seventh and is yearly governed by a Major with Sword and Mace borne before him in State two Sheriffes twenty foure Aldermen a Recorder a Town-Clerke and a Sergeant of Peace foure Sergeants and six Yeomen It hath been accounted the Key into Ireland and great pity is it that the port should decay as it daily doth the Sea being stopped to scoure the River by a Causey that thwarteth Dee at her bridge Within the walls of this City are eight Parish-Churches S. Iohns the greater and lesser in the Suburbs are the White Fryers Blacke Fryers and Nunry now suppressed From which City the Pole is elevated unto the degree 53.58 minutes of Latitude and from the first point of the West in Longitude unto the 17. degree and 18. minutes 8 The Earledome whereof was possessed from the Conquerour till it fell lastly to the Crowne the last of whom though not with the least hopes is Prince Henry who to the Titles of Prince of Wales and Duke of Cornwall hath by Succession and right of inheritance the Earlddom of Chester annexed to his other most happy Stiles Vpon whose Person 〈…〉 of Iacobs God may ever attend to his 〈…〉 Britaine 's happinesse 9 If I should urge credit unto the report of certaine Trees floating in Bagmere onely against the deaths of the Heires of the Breretons thereby seated and after to sinke untill the next like occasion or inforce for truth the Prophecie which Leyland in a Poeticall fury fore-spake of Beeston Castle highly mounted upon a steepe hill I should forget my selfe and wonted opinion that can hardly beleeve any such vaine predictions though they be told from the mouths of credit as Bagmere Trees are or learned Leyland for Beeston who thus writeth The day will come when it againe shal mount his head aloft If I a Prophet may be heard from Seers that say so oft With eight other Castles this Shire hath been strengthened which were Old-Castle Shoclach Shotwitch Chester Poulefourd Dunham Frodesham and Haulten and by the prayers as then was taught of eight religious houses therein seated preserved which by King Henry the eight were suppressed namely Stanlow Ilbree Maxfeld Norton Bunbery Combermere Rud-heath and Vale-Royall besides the White and Blacke Fryers and the Nunnery in Chester This Counties division is into seven Hundreds wherein are seated thirteene Market-Townes eighty six Parish-Churches and thirty eight Chappels of ease THE COUNTYE PALATINE OF CHESTER With that most aNCIENT CITIE described Hundreds in Cheshire 1. Wyrehalo 2. Eddesbury 3. Broxton 4. Northwiche 5. Bucklow 6. Nantwiche 7. Macclesfeild A Acton Eddes Acton Nant. Acton Grange Buck. Adynton Mac. Aggeton Brox. Akedone Buck. Nether Alderleigh Mac. Over Alderleigh Mac. Aldelym Nant. Alford Brox. Aldresey Brox. Allostock North. Almare Hall Brox. Alpram Eddes Alsacher Nant. Alstanston Nant. Alton Eddes ALTRINGHAM B. Alvandeley Eddes Alvaston Nant. Anderton Buck. Appleton Buck. Arclydd North. Areley Buck. Armitage North. Arwe Wyre Ashefeild Wyre Assheley Buck. Asheton Eddes Assheton Buck. Aston Nant. Aston Grange Buck. Aston Chappell Buck. Ayton Eddes Ayton North. B Bache Brox. Backford Wyre Badileigh Nant. Baggeleigh Nant. Bagmere Mere North. The Baites Brox. Barkesford Nant. Barnshaw North. Barnston Wyre Little Barrow Eddes Great Barrow Eddes Barterton Buck. Bartherton Nant. Barthynton Buck. Barton Brox. Bartumleigh Nant. Bathynton Nant. Over Bebynton Wyre Nether Bebynton Wyre The Beacon Mac. Becheton Nant. Beeston Eddes Beeston Castle Eddes Bexton Buck. Bickerton Brox. Beleigh North. Birkin Flu. Blakenhall Wyre Blakenhall Nant. Bnyrton Brox. Bolyn Mac. Bollyn Flu. Bolynton Buck. Bolynton Mac. Boseleigh Mac. Bostock North. Boughtâ—n Brox. Bouthes Buck. Bowdon Buck. Bradford North. Bradley Brox. Bradley Buck. Bradwell North. Bredbury Mac. Brereton North. Briddesmeyre Nant. Brindeleigh Nant. Brinston Wyre Bromall Mac. Bromehall Nant. Bromley Nant. Broton hils Brox. Broxton Brox. Broxton hils Brox. Brunburgh Wyre Brunscath Wyre Brunynton Mac. Bucklow Buck. Budeston Wyre Budworth Eddes Great Budworth Buck. Buglawton North. Bukkeley Brox. Bunbury Eddes Bureton Nant. Burland Nant. Burton Eddes Burton Wyre Burton Brox. Burwardley Brox. Butteleigh Mac. Byrches North. Byrchelles Mac. C Caldey Wyre Great Caldey Wyre Caldecott Brox. Calveleigh Eddes Capenhurst Wyre Capensthorne Mac. Cardyn Brox. Caringham North. Carrynton Buck. Chalkyleigh Nant. Chad Chappell Brox. The Chamber in the Forrest Edde Chappell in the street Buck. Chedle Mac. Chelford Mac. WEST CHESTER Bro. Childer Thotron Wyre Cholmton Eddes Cholmundley Brox. Cholmundeston Nant. Chorleigh Nant. Chorleigh Mac. Chorleton Nant. Chorleton Brox. Chorleton Wyre Chowley Brox. Churchenheath Brox. Churton Brox. Chydlow Brox. Clareton Brox. Claughton Wyre Clifton Buck. Clotton Eddes Clutton Brox. Clyve North. Codynton Eddes Coddynton Brox. Coggeshall Buck. Coiley Nant. Combermere Nant. CONGLETON Nan. Conghull Brox. Church Copenhall Nant. Coton North. Coton Brox. Crabball Wyre Cranage North. Crauton Eddes Crew Nant. Crew Brox. Church Cristleton Brox. Little Cristleton Brox. Rowe Cristleton Brox. Croughton Wyre Croxton North. Cumberbache Buck. D Dane Flu. North. Dane Flu. Mack Dane Inche North. Dareley Eddes Darford Nant. Darnall Grange Eddes Davenham North. Davenport North. Delamere Forrest Edd. Deresbury Buck. Disteleigh Mack Dodcot Nant. Doddynton Nant. Dodleston brox Dodynton Brox. Dokenfeild Mack Dokynton Brox. Downes Mack Dunham Buc. Dunham Eddes Dudden Eddes Dutton Buc. E Eaten boat Brox. Ecchelles Mac. Eccleston Bro. Edlaston Nant. Edge Bro. Eggerton Bro. Elton Eddâ—â— Elton North. Erdley hall Mac. Estham Wyre F Fadisleigh Nant. Fallybrome Mac. Farndon Bro. The Ferye Wyre Finborow Eddes Flaxyards Eddes
Wynander-mere CVMBERLAND CHAPTER XLIIII CUMBERLAND the farthest North-west Province in this Realme of ENGLAND confronteth upon the South of Scotland and is divided from that Kingdome partly by the River Kirsop then crossing Eske by a Tract thorow Solome-Mosse untill it come to the Solwaye Frith by Ptolemie called the Itune Baye The North-west part is neighboured by Northumberland more East-ward with Westmerland the South with Lancashire and the West is wholly washed with the Irish Sea 2 The forme whereof is long and narrow pointing wedge-like into the South which part is altogether pestred with copped hils and therefore hath the name of Cop-land The middle is more levell and better inhabited yeelding sufficient for the sustenance of man but the North is wilde and solitary combred with hils as Cop-land is 3 The Ayre is piercing and of a sharpe temperature and would be more biting were it not that those high hils breake off the Northerne stormes and cold falling snowes 4 Notwithstanding rich is this Province and with great varieties thereof is replenished the hils though rough yet smile upon their beholders spread with sheepe and cattle the vallies stored with grasse and corne sufficient the sea affordeth great store of fish the land over-spread with varietie of fowles and the rivers feed a kinde of Muskle that bringeth forth Pearle where in the mouth of the Irt as they lie gaping and sucking in dew the Country people gather and sell to the Lapidaries to their owne little and the buyers great gaine But the Mines Royall of Copper whereof this Country yeeldeth much is for use the richest of all the place is at Keswick and Newland where likewise the Black Lead is gotten whose plentie maketh it of no great esteeme otherwise a commoditie that could hardly be missed 5 The ancient Inhabitants knowne to the Romans were the Brigantes whom Ptolemie disperseth into Westmerland Richmond Durham Yorke-shire and Lancashire But when the Saxons had over-borne the Britaines and forced them out of the best to seeke their resting amongst the vast Mountaines these by them were entred into where they held play with those enemies maugre their force and from them as Marianus doth witnesse the Land was called Cumber of those Kumri the Britaines But when the State of the Saxons was sore shaken by the Danes this Cumberland was accounted a Kingdome it self for so the flower-gatherer of Westminster recordeth King Edmund saith he with the helpe of Leoline Prince of South-Wales wasted all Cumberland and having put out the eyes of the two sonnes of Dunmail King of that Province granted that Kingdome unto Malcolm King of Scots whereof their eldest sonnes became Prefects This Province King Stephen to purchase favor with the Scots what time he stood in most need of aide confirmed by gift under their Crowne which Henry the Second notwithstanding made claime unto and got as Newbrigensis writeth and laid it againe in the Marches of England since when many bickerings betwixt these Nations herein have hapned but none so sore against the Scotish side as was that at Sollome-Mosse where their Nobilitie disdaining their Generall Oliver Sinclere gave over the Battle and yeelded themselves to the English which dishonour pierced so deeply into the heart of King Iames the fifth that for griefe thereof he shortly after died 6 Many memorable Antiquities remaine and have beene found in this County for it being the Confines of the Romans Possessions was continually secured by their Garrisons where remain at this day parts of that admirable wall built by Severus also an other Fortification from Werkinton to Elns Mouth upon the Sea-shore toward Ireland by Stilico raised when under Theodosius he suppressed the rage of the Picts and Irish and freed the Seas of the Saxons Pyrats Vpon Hardknot hill Moresby Old Carleil Papcastle along the Wall and in many other places their ruines remaine with Altars and Inscriptions of their Captaines and Colonies whereof many have beene found and more as yet lie hid 7 The chiefest Citie in this Shire is Carlile pleasantly seated betwixt the Rivers Eden Petterell and Caud by the Romans called Luguzallum by Beda Luell by Ptolemie Leucopibia by Ninius Caer-Lualid and by us Carlile This Citie flourishing under the Romans at their departure by the furious outrages of the Scots and Picts was dejected yet in the dayes of Egfrid King of Northumberland was walled about but again defaced by the over-running Danes lay buried in her owne ashes the space of two hundred yeers upon whose ruines at length Rufus set his compassionate eye and built there the Castle planting a Colony of Flemings to secure the Coasts from the Scots but upon better advisement removed them into Wales After him Henry his brother and successour ordained this Citie for an Episcopall See whose site is placed in the degree of Longitude from the first West part 17. and 2. scruples and the Pole thence elevated from the degree of Latitude 55. and 56. scruples 8 West from hence at Burgh upon the sand was the fatall end of our famous Monarch King Edward the First who there leaving his Warres unfinished against Scotland left his troubles and soone missed life to his untimely and soone lamented death 9 And at Salkelds upon the River Eden a Monument of seventie seven stones each of them ten foot high above ground and one of them at the entrance fifteene as a Trophie of Victory was erected These are by the By-dwellers called Long Megge and her Daughters 10 This County as it stood in the fronts of assaults so was it strengthned with 25. Castles and preserved with the prayers as then was thought of the Votaries in the houses erected at Carlile Lenecoft Wetherall Holme Daker and Saint Bees These with others were dissolved by King Henry the eight and their revenewes shadowed under his Crowne but the Province being freed from charge of subsidie is not therefore divided into Hundreds in the Parliament Rowles whence we have taken the divisions of the rest onely this is observed that therein are seated nine Market-Townes fiftie eight Parish-Churches besides many other Chappels of ease CUMBERLAND AND THE ANCIENT CITIE CARLILE DESCRIBED WITH MANY MEMORABLE AN TIQVITIES THEREIN FOUND OBSERVED A TABLE of all the Towns in Cumberland A Acton Aglionby Aldby Alhollowes Alne Flu. Alme Allonby Alonby Alwarby Ancautre Kirk Ander Anstable Arladon Armanthwat castle Armanthwat Armebath Artruth Askerton castle Aspatre Austermore B Kirk Banton Little Banton Bardsey hall Barrenwood Parke Basmthauate Beamont S. Bees head S. Bees Bekermond Bew-castle Birtby Black-band Black-hall Blek-hall Blencongey Blenge Flu. Blenkerne Blynroser Blenrake Bodell Bolton Borrodale Boulnesse Bowtell Brakenthwar Braken hill BRAMPTON Brathwate Brathwate S. Brides Bridgeham Bridekirk Brisco Brodwater Bronelston Brounrig Brumfeild Bucknes Burds wold Burgh kirke Burnes Bustwath hill C Cambek Flu. Kirk Cambok Cammerton Cander Canda Flu. Cannonby Cardew Cardronok Carlton Carleton Carleton CARLILE Castle
fairest possessions do imitate the people of Lancashire both in their honest cariage good hous-keeping Howbeit the common sort of people both in their language and manners come nighest unto the Irish although they somwhat relish and savour of the qualities of the Norwegians 7 Things not worthy to be buried in the grave of oblivion are that this Iland in the midst thereof riseth up with hills standing very thicke amongst which the highest is called Sceafull from which upon a cleare and faire day a man may easily see three Kingdoms at once that is England Scotland Ireland This I le prohibits the customary manner of begging from doore to doore detesting the disorders as well Civill as Ecclesiasticall of neighbour-Nations And last not least that deservs to be committed to memory is that the womeÌ„ of this Countrey wheresoever they go out of their doors gird themselves about with the winding-sheet that they purpose to be buryed in to shew themselves mindefull of their mortalitie and such of them as are at any time condemned to die are sowed within a sack and flung from a rock into the sea 8 The whole I le is divided into two parts South and North whereof the one resembleth the Scotish in speech the other the Irish. It is defended by two Castles and hath seventeen Parishes five Market-Townes and many Villages ¶ A Table of the Townes Villages Castles Rivers and Havens within the I le of Man Alphabetically gathered A Kirk Andrew The point of Aire B Baladoul Balalough Kirk Balalough Balicaken Balisaly Abbey Balisaly Town Friry Bewmakan Kirk Bridge Kirk Brodon C Caltregh The Calfe of Man Castle Town Bay Kirk Christ. Kirk Christ. Chappell Clanmoy flu Cobbe Borne Corte Cranston D Dauby point Dauby Town Douglas point DOUGLAS towne Douglas haven E Egnes F Fleshik G Glan-Brow Glan-Cam I Kirk Jarman Jeorby point Saint Johns Chappell K Saint Katherins Chappel Kirk Kerbrey L The point Lang-nouse Laxi-Bay Laxi-point LAXI TOWNE Kirk Lennon Loughe M Kirk Magh haul Kirk Magh-hauls head Malarlough Kirk Mali. Kirk Migh-hil Kirk Migh-hill flu Saint Migh-hills Island Min-hugh Kirk Mortown The Mull-hills N Neb flu The Nunnery O Kirk Onkon P Kirk Patriark Kirk Patriark of the Peel PEEL-Town Peel-Castle Polt Bash. Port Earn Portell Morrey Portwick R Ramsey RAMSEY Town Ramsey haven RUSHIN Castle S Scarthlat Shellack point Snafeld Solbe mouth Solbe flu Spalork The Stack Kirk Stanton V Vark W Watch-hill The white Water Black Water Whetston THE ISLE OF MAN Exactly desribed and into several Parishshes diuided with euery Towne Village Baye Creke and Riuer therein conteyned The bordringe Coasts wherewith it is circulated in their Situations self and by the Compase accordiÌ„gly shewed with their true distance from euery place vnto this Island by a seuerall scale obserued IT is here very pertinent to the purpose to insert a small History of this Iland that the atchievemeÌ„ts heretofore had may not be utterly buried although they are waxen very old almost torn from remeÌ„brance by the teeth of Time It is confessed by all that the Britains held this Iland as they did all Britain But when the Nations from the North over flâ—wed these South parts like violent tempests it became subiect to the Scots Afterwards the Norwegians who did most hurt from the Northern sea by their manifold robberies made this Iland and the Heâ—rides to be their haunt and erected Lords and petty Kings in the same as is expressed in this Chronicle Written as is reported by the Monkes of the Abbey of Russin A Chronicle of the Kings of MAN ANno Dom 1â—65 Edward of blessed memory King of England departed this life and Harald the sonne of Godwyn succeeded him in the Kingdome against whom Harald Harfager King of Norway came into the field and fought a battle at Stainford bridge but the English obtaining the victory put them all to fâ—ight Out of which chase Godred surnamed Crovan the son of Harald the Black of Iseland came unto Godred the sonne of Syrric who reigned then in Man and honourably received him 2 The same yeer William the Bastard conquered Enggland and Godred the sonne of Syrric died his sonne Fingall succeeding him 3 An. 1066. Godred Crovan assembled a great Fleet and came to Man and fought with the people of the Land but received the worst and was overcome The second time renewing his forces and his Fleet he sayled into Man joyned battell with the Manksmen but was vanquished as before and driven out of the field Howbeit what he could not at first bring to passe with power in those two severall Onsets he afterward effected by policie For the third time gathering a great multitude together he arrived by night in the haven called Ramsey and hid three hundred men in a Wood which stood upon the hanging hollow brow of an hill called Sceafull The Sun being risen the Manksmen put their people in order of battle and with a violent charge encountred with Godred The sight was hot for a time and stood in a doubtfull suspense till those three hundred men starting out of the Ambush behinde their backs began to foyl the Manksmen put them to the worst and forced them to flie Who seeing themselves thus discomfited and finding no place of refuge left them to escape with pitifull lamentation submitted themselves unto Godred and besought him not to put to the sword such poore remainder of them as was left alive Godred having compassion on their calamities for he had been nursed for a time and brought up among them founded a retreat and prohibited his host any longer pursuit He being thus possessed of the I le of Man dyed in the Iland that is called Ile when he had reigned sixteen yeers He left behinde him three sonnes Lagman Harald and Olave 4 Lagman the eldest taking upon him the Kingdome reigned seven yeares His brother Harald rebelled against him a great while but at length was taken prisoner by Lagman who caused his members of generation to be cut off and his eyes to be put out of his head which crueltie this Lagman afterwards repenting gave over the Kingdom of his own accord and wearing the badge of the Lords Crosse took a journey to Ierusalem in which he died 5 An. 1075. all the Lords and Nobles of the Ilands hearing of the death of Lagman dispatched Ambassadours to Murecard Oâ—brien King of Ireland and requested that he would send some worthy and industrious man of the Blood Royall to be their King till Olave the son of Godred came to full age The King yeelding to their request sent one Dopnald the son of Tade and charged him to govern the Kingdome which by right belonged to another with lenitie and gentlenesse But after he was come to the Crowne forgetting or not weighing the charge that his Lord and Master had given him swayed his place with great tyrannie committing many outrages and cruelties and so
reigned three yeers till all the princes of the Ilands agreeing together rose up against him and made him flie into Ireland 6 An. Do. 1111. Olave the son of Godred Crovan aforesaid began his reigne and reigned fourtie yeers a peaceable Prince He took to wife Affrica the daughter of Fergus of Galway of whom he begat Godred By his Concubines he had Raignald Lagman and Harald besides many daughters whereof one was married to Summerled Prince of Herergaidel who caused the ruine of the Kings of the Ilands On her he begat four sons Dungal Raignald Engus and Olave 7 An. Dom. 1144. Godred the son of Olave was created King of Man and reâ—gned thirty yeers In the third yeer of his reign the people of Dublin sent for him and made him their King Which Mure-card King of Ireland maligning raised war and sent Osibeley his half brother by the mothers side with 3000. men at Armes to Dublin who by Godred and the Dublinians was slaine and the rest all put to flight These atchievemeÌ„ts made Godred returned to Man and began to use tyranny turning the Noblemen out of their inheritances Whereupon one called Thorfin Otters sonne being mightier then the rest came to Summerled and made Dulgal Summerleds son king of the Ilands whereof Godred having intelligence prepared a Navie of 80. Ships to meet Summerled And in the yeer 1156 there was a battle fought at Sea on Twelfth day at night many slain on both sides But the next day they grew to a pacification and divided the Kingdome of the Ilands among themselves This was the cause of the overthrow of the Kingdom of the Iles. 8 An. 1158. Summerled came to Man with a Fleet of fiftie three sayle put Godred to flight and wasted the land Godred upon this crossed over to Norway for aide against Summerled But Summerled in the mean time arriving at Rhinfrin and having gathered together a fleet of a 160. ships coveting to subdue all Scotland by the just judgement of God was vanquished by a few and both himself and his son slain with an infinite number of people 9 The fourth day after Raignald began to reigne but Godred coming upon him out of Norway with a great multitude of armed men took his brother Raignald and bereft him both of his eyes and genitall members On the fourth Ides of November An. Dom. 1187. Godred King of the Ilands died and his body was translated to the I le of Ely He left behinde him three sons Raignald Olave and Yuar He ordained in his life time that Olave should succeed him because he onely was born legitimate But the people of Man seeing him to be scarce ten yeers old sent for Raignald and made him their King This caused great division and many turbulent attempts between the two Brethren for the space of thirty eight yeers which had no end till at a place called Tniguaâ—â—a there was a battle struck between them wherein Olave had the victory and Raignald was slaine The Monkes of Russin translated his body unto the Abbey of S. Mary de Fournes and there interred it in a place which himself had chosen for that purpose 10 An. 1230. Olave and Godred Don who was Raignalds sonne with the Norwegians came to Man and divided the Kingdom among themselves Olave held Man and Godred being gone unto the Ilands was slaine in the I le Lodhus So Olave obtained the Kingdome of the Iles. He dyed the twelfth Calends of Iune An. 1237. in S. Patricks Iland and was buryed in the Abbey of Russin 11 Harrold his sonne succeeded him being foureteene yeers of age and reigned twelve yeers In the yeer 1239. he went unto the King of Norway who after two yeares confirmed unto him his heyres and successours under his Seal all the Ilands which his Predecessours had possessed 12 An. Do. 1242. Harrold returned out of Norway and being by the inhabitants honourably received had peace with the Kings of England and of Scotland The same yeer he was sent for by the King of Norway and married his daughter In the yeer 1249. as he returned homeward with his wife he was drowned in a tempest neer unto the coasts of Radland 13 An. Dom. 1249. Raignald the sonne of Olave and brother to Harrold began his reign and on the thirtieth day thereof was slaine by one Yuar a Knight in a meadow neer unto the holy Trinity Church and lyeth buried in the Church of S. Mary of Russin 14 In the yeer 1252. Magnus the son of Olave came to Man and was made King The next yeer following he went to the King of Norway and stayed there a yeer 15 In the yeer 1265. Magnus Olaves son King of Man and of the Ilands departed this life at the Castle of Russin and was buryed in the Church of S. Mary of Russin 16 In the yeer 1266. the Kingdome of the Ilands was translated by reason of Alexander King of Scots who had gotten into his hands the western Ilands and brought the I le of Man under his dominion as one of that number 17 An. 1340. William Montacute Earl of Salisbury wrested it from the Scotish by strong hand and force of Armes and in the yeer 1393. as Thomas Walsingham saith he sold Man and the Crown thereof unto William Scroope for a great summe of money But he being beheaded for high Treason and his goods confiscate it came into the hands of Henry the fourth King of England who granted this Iland unto Henry Percy Earl of Northumberland But Henry Percy entring into open rebellion the fift yeer following the king sent Sir Iohn Stanley William Stanley to seize the I le and Castle of Man the inheritance whereof he granted afterwards to Sir Iohn Stanley his heirs by Letters patents with the Patronage of the Bishopricke c. So that his heires and successours who were honoured with the Title of Earles of Darby were commonly called Kings of Man HOLY ILAND THis Iland is called Lindisfarne by the River Lied that is opposite unto it on the Coast of Northumberland Beda tearmeth it a Demy Iland The Britaines name it Inis Medicante for that it twice every day suffereth an extraordinary inundation and over-flowng of the Ocean in manner of an Iland which twice likewise makes it continent to the Land and returning unto her watry habitation laies the Shoare bare again as before It is called in English Holy-Iland for that in ancient times many Monks have been accustomed to retire themselves thither and to make it their receptacle for solitude having on the West and South Northumberland and more South-Eastward the Iland Farne 2 The form of it is long and narrow the West side narrower then the East and are both conjoyned by a very small spang of Land that is left unto Conies The South is much broader then the rest It is from East to West about two thousand two hundred and fiftie pases and from North to South twelve hundred and
against but withall the unaccessible Mountaines wherewith this Shire is so over-pressed and burdened that many times I feared to looke downe from the hanging Rockes whereunder I passed into those deepe and darke dales seeming to me an entrance into Limbo Among these as say our Historians that hatefull Prince to God and Man Vortiger his Countries scourge and last Monarch of the British Bloud by fire from Heaven was consumed with his incestuous Wife for whom Ninius nameth the Countrey where in his Castle stood Guartiger-Maur of whose rubbish the Castle Guthremion was raised as some are of opinion Yet they of North-Wales will have his destruction and Castle to stand in their parts neere unto Beth-Kelleck whereof wee will further speake in the relation of his life Fatall was this place also to Llewellin the last Prince of the British race who being betrayed by the men of Buelth fled into those vast Mountaines of Radnor where by Adam Francton he was slaine and his head crowned with Ivy set upon the Tower of London 6 Places most worthy of note in this Shire are as ensueth The first is Radnor from whom the Countie receiveth her Name anciently Magi where the Commander of the Pascensian Regiment lay and thought to be the Magnos in Atonine the Emperors Survey This Towne is pleasantly seated under an Hill whereon standeth mounted a large and strong Castle from whose Bulwarke a Trench is drawn along the West of the Towne whereon a wall of stone was once raised as by the remaines in many places appeareth This Trench doth likewise inverge her West side so farre as the River but after is no more seene whose Graduation is observed to have the Pole elevated for Latitude 52. degrees and 45. minutes and for Longitude from the first point of the West set by Mercator 17. degrees and one minute Prestayn for beauteous building is the best in this Shire a Towne of Commerce wonderfully frequented and that very lately Next is Knighton a Market Towne likewise under which is seene the Clawdh-Offa or Offaes Ditch whose tract for a space I followed along the edge of the Mountaine which was a bound set to separate the Welsh from the English by the Mercian King Offa and by Egbert the Monarch a Law made by the instigation of his Wife that it should bee present death for the Welsh to passe over the same as Iohn Bever the Monke of Westminster reporteth and the like under Harald as Iohn of Salisbury writeth wherein it was ordained that what Welsh-man soever should bee found with any weapon on this side of that Limit which was Offaes Ditch should have his right hand cut off by the Kings Officers The fourth place for account is Raihadar Gowy who besides the great fall of Wye with a continuall noise hath her Markets there kept upon the Sabbath which I there observed and here note for an offence 7 Many Rivers arise and run thorow this Shire which were it not that the Hils so cluster together might make the soyle both fertill and fat Such are Teme Lug Ithon Clowdok Dulas Comarton Somegill Guithel Arro Machaway Edway Hawye Eland Clarwen and Wye besides other Loughs that stand betwixt the hills This Shire is divided into sixe Hundreds wherein are seated three Forrests foure Market-Townes sixe Castles and fifty two Parish-Churches as in the Table in the last Page of this Chapter Alphabetically are set and inserted THE COUNTIE OF RADNOR DESCRIBED AND THE SHYRETOWNES SITTUATIONE Anno 16â—8 ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Radnor-shire HVNDREDS in RADNOR-SHIRE 1 RAyader-Gowy 2 Knighton 3 Kevenllice 4 Radnor 5 Collowine 6 Painescastell A Aberdow Coll. Arro Flu. Augop Rad. B Banghwid Paines Bettas disserth Coll. Bigildi Knight BLETHVACH Keven Blethuach Forrest Keven Brongwine Paines Buttus Paines C Cascop Keven Castle Dynbod Knight Clarwen Flu. Clirow Paines Clowedoke Flu. Colwin Castle Coll. Colva Rad. Combehire Rayad. Comaron Flu. D Darnall Flu. Discodde Rad. Disserth Coll. Dullas Flu. E Ednall Rad. Edway Flu. Eland Flu. F Fuldibrok Rad. G Garthuagh Rayad. Glasbury Paines Glascomb Coll. Glastray alias Glawdiscre Rad. Glyngwin Rayad. Gwythell Flu. H Harton Rad. Hawye Flu. Hiop Knight I Ithon Flu. K Kevelles Castle Keven Kregrena Coll. Kinerton Rad. KNIGHTON Knight Knukles Forrest Knight Knukles Knight L Llanamro Knight Llanbaderney gareg Coll. Llanbaderne Keven Lanbadarne vynith Knight Llanbeder Paines Llanbester Knight Llandegley Keven Llandewy Knight Llandewy vach Paines Llandilo Paines Landrindod Keven Llanelweth Coll. Llangiallo Keven Llanihangell Keven Llanihangell yerholegan Rayad. Llanihangell Arro Paines Llanihangell Kevenllice Keven Llanihangell Nantmelan Rad. Llansanffred Coll. Llansanffred in Comotoieth Rayad. Llanstephan Paines Llanuereth Coll. Llanyere Rayad. Llowes Paines Lug Flu. Llynhoghlen Paines M Machway Keven Michaels Church Paines Monaghree Keven N Nantmell Rayad. Newcastle Rad. Newchurch Paines Norton Rad. P Painescastle Paines Pilim Keven PRESTEIGNE Rad. R Radnor old Rad. RADNOR new Rad. Radnor Forrest Rad. RAYADER-gowy Rayad. Rulen Coll. S S. Harmon alias Phistharmon Rayad. Standish Rad. Samegill Flu. T Teme Flu. W Whitten Keven Whitehall Knight Weston hall Keven Wye Flu. Y Ython Flu. CARDIGANS-SHIRE CHAPTER IX CARDIGAN-SHIRE in the Welsh called Sire Aber-Tivi is parted on the North from Merioneth-shire with the River Doui by the Plinillimon hils from Montgomery-shire in part of her East and the rest from Breknock-shire with the water Towy and with Tyvy altogether on the South from Caermarden-shire the West is wholly washed with the Irish Sea 2 The forme thereof is horne-like bowing compasse long and narrow and growing wider still towards the North so that from Cardigan the Shire-Towne and uttermost point in the South unto the River Doui her farthest North bounder are thirtie two miles and from the head of Clarwen in the East to Aberysthwyth on her West the broadest part in the Shire are onely fifteene the whole in circumference is one hundred and three miles 3 The Aire is open and somewhat piercing the soile is hilly and Wales-like uneven yet more plaine and champion toward the Sea then in the East or North of the Land For besides that great and high hill called Plinillimon a continuall range of lesser doth shoote along yeelding in their vallies both goodly rich Pastures and very large Pooles which being assisted with Springs from the Rocks doe branch themselves as veines in the body and make fruitfull their passages unto the Sea In Tyvy one of these as Giraldus hath written the Beaver hath been found a creature living both by land and water whose stones the Physitians hold in great price His fore-feet are like unto a dog but the hinder whole skinned as is the goose the dog-like serve him on shore for tto runne and the goose-like as Oares give him swift motion in swimming his taile broad and gristly he useth as a sterne wherewith on the sudden he can
divert his swift floating course But this creature in these parts a long time hath not beene seene whose roome we may well say the Salmon hath possest who still coveting into fresh water Rivers at their down-right fals useth this policie He bendeth himselfe backward and taketh his taile in his mouth and with all his strength unloosing his circle on the sudden as a lath let goe mounteth up before the fall of the streame where upon such waterfals are called the Salmons Leape and in these Rivers many such Salmons are caught 4 The commodities of this Shire chiefly consist in Cattle Sea-folwe and Fish Corne sufficient but of Woods some scarcitie and at the head of Istwydh are certain veines of Lead a merchandize of no meane regard or wealth 5 The ancient people that possessed this Province were the Dimetae by Ptolomie branched thorow the Tracts of Caermarden Penbroke and this Shire who in their struglings against the Romanes did not a little relie upon Caractacus their most war-like King from whose name though unlikely some will have the Shire called Cardigan yet lastly felt the fortune of subjection with the rest when Iulius Frontinus warred with these Mountaines Scarce had the Normans setled their Kingdome in Britaine but that they assailed this County as well to enjoy so faire a Possession as to secure those Seas from any invasion against them so that Rufus first wrested from the Welsh-men the maritime Coasts and Henry the first gave the whole County to Gilbert de Clare 6 This Gilbert fortified Cardigan the Shire-Towne with a Wall and strong Castle whose aged lineaments doe to this day shew the industrie both of Nature and Art for the Towne is seated upon a steepe banke her South-side guarded with the deep River Tyvy and passable no way but by a bridge under the Castle The walles take the advantage of the rising Rockes and circulate the Towne even round about The Castle is higher built upon a Rock both spacious and faire had not stormes impaired her beauty and time left her carkasse a very Anatomie The walles range as thou seest and are indifferent for repaire having three wayes for entrance and containe in compasse sixe hundred and fourescore pases whose Position for Latitude is set in the degree 52.33 minutes from the North-pole and for Longitude from the first West-point by Mercator in the degree 15. and 10. minutes 7 This Shire as it is little in circuit so accordingly is besprinkled with Towne-ships whereof foure onely have the trade of Markets neither finde I other remembrance of religious foundations but at Cardigan Istradfleet and at Llan-Badern-Vaur where sometimes was seated an Episcopall See which as Hoveden writeth was decayed many yeers since when the people had wickedly slaine their Pastour And yet Llan-Deui-breui built and so called in memory of the most famous David Bishop of Menevia was in great esteeme where in a frequent Synod there holden he refuted the Pelagian Heresie sprung up againe in Britaine both by the authoritie of holy Scripture and also by miracle as is reported while the earth whereon he stood and preached rose up unto a certaine height under his feet 8 The Shires division for businesses belonging either to the Crowne or Common-wealth is into five Hundreds wherein are seated foure Market-Towns and sixty-foure Parish-Cburches for Gods divine and daily service whose names are further inserted in the Table following CARDIGAN SHYRE DESCRIBED with the due forme of the Shiretown as it was surveyed by I.S. Anno 16â—0 ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Cardigan-shire HVNDREDS in Cardigan-shire 1. LLanbadarn 2. LLanylar 3. Pennarth 4. Moythen 5. Tredroir A Aberporth Tred ABERYSTWYTH Llanb. Arthe Flu. Ayron Flu. B Bangor Tred Bettus Bledrus Moyth. Bettus Jevan Tred Bettus Moyth. Bidder Flu. Blayneporth Tred Blayne pennall Pen. Brennyng Flu. Brongwyn Tred C CARDIGAN Tred Cardigan Island Tred Capell Christ Moyth. Clarthye Flu. Clarwen Flu. Cletter Flu. Combeystoyche Llanb. D Dettor Flu. Douye Flu. Dyhewyll Moyth. Dyhewidd Isekerdyne Tred E Eynon Flu. F The Forest Moyth. G Capell Garthely Moyth. Gogirthan Llanb. Llyn Gonon Llany Gunros Llany H Heullandynye Tred Heueneroe Llany I Iscard Moyth. Istradfler Llany Istradfler Llany Istradmyrick Llany Istwyth Flu. K Kellan Moyth. Kelekenyn Llany Capell Kenan Tred Kery Flu. Kilie ayron Llany Capell Kiluellon Llanb. Kilwyn Tred Kinuer Flu. L Llanarche Moyth. Llanauon Llany Llanauon Llany Llanbadarn vawr Llanb. Llanbaddarn Llany Llanbadarne Llany Llanbadarne Odyne Pen. Llanbadarne Treuegloys Llany LLANBEDER Moyth. Llandeuroigge Tred Llandissilio Moyth. Llandissill Isekerdyne Tred Llandissill uchkerdyne Moyth. Llandogwy Tred Llanfra Capell Tred Capell Llanbridge Tred Llangoydmore Tred Llangranoge Moyth. Llangynllo Llanb. Llangybye Moyth. Llangythye Moyth. Llanrannok Tred Llangytho Tred Llangunelyn Llanb. Llanllohayrne Moyth. Llanllair Moyth. Llansanfrayde Llany Llanthewy aberarthe Llany Llanthewy breuye Pen. Llantisilued Capell Moyth. Llanthynoll Llany Llanuair treueligen Tred Llanuaieralloyne Tred Llanuayrgledoge Moyth. Llanuichangell Llany Llanunen Tred Llanunnes Llany Llanwenoge Moyth. Llanylar Llany Llanyna Moyth. Llanychayaron Moyth. Llanyhangle castle qualtor Llanb. Llanyhangle Yerothen Llany Llanyhangle Rostea Llany Llanyhangle Lledrod Llany Llanynay Moyth. Llanygrothen Llany Llanychayarne Llany Llarumsted Llany Llegenydd Moyth. Llyn Legnant Llany Lery Flu. Leuenant Flu. Lyky Moyth. M Massalak Flu. Mathern Flu. Mirik Flu. Mounte Tred N Nantegnulle Pen. O Oscoid Mortimer Tred P Penbryne Tred Penkemmas point Tred Penneralt Tred Pennobadath point Tred Pescotter Flu. Plinellimon hill Llanb. Preuethe Llanb. R Rescob forrest Pen. Rossefayre Llany Rydall Flu. S Salek Flu. Silien Moyth. Spittie ustroith Llany Spittye kinwen Llanb. T Talaserne Moyth. Tothea Flu. Towye Flu. Tredroir Tred TREGARON Pen. Tremayne Tred Treuilon Llany Treuygoid Tred Llyn Tyuy Llany Tyuy Flu. V Vchclawdd Pen. Verwicke Tred Llyn Verwyn Pen. Vmnrabowa Llanb. W Weray Flu. Wye head Llanb. MOUNTGOMERY-SHIRE CHAPTER X. MOUNTGOMERY-SHIRE in the British speech called Siretrefaldwin and that of the principall Towne Mountgomery lieth bounded upon the North with Denbigh-Shire upon the East with Shrop-Shire on the South with Radnor and Cardigan-Shires and on the West with Merioneth-Shire 2 In forme it som what resembleth a Peare or Pine-apple as it were growing out of the West and rising thence with many high Hilles and plentifull Springs which water and make fruitfull the Soyle every where whose searching rilles with a longing desire hast ever forward to finde an increase and to augment their growth into a bigger body whereof the Severne is the chiefe and the second River in the Land whose head rising from the spired Mountaine Plymllâ—mon runneth not farre without the receits of other riverets into her streame and with many windings doth sport her selfe thorow all the East part of this Shire 3 That this River tooke her name from Abren the beautifull base daughter of Locrinus begotten out of wedlocke upon Estâ—ldis
the daughter of Humber the Scythian King that invaded this Land and both of them drowned in this River by Guendolena King Locrinus surviving widow let Ieffrey relate and Poets enlarge whereof one among them in good account thus writeth In flumen praecipitatur Abren Nomen Abren fluvio de Virgine nomen eidens Nomine corrupto deinde Sabrina datur Into this streame faire Abren head-long cast Gave name of Abren to those waters wast Corruptly call'd Sabrina now at last 4 This River maketh the East part of this Shire for fruitfulnesse to bee compared with most of the Land and to exceed any other Shire in Wales the West side is more hilly and lesse inhabited yet surely those Mountaines breed innumerable Cattle especially of horses whose portraiture for making and incomparable swiftnesse Giraldus Cambrensis Archdeacon of Breknocke doth greatly commend 5 The ancient Inhabitants that were seated in Guineth and Powâ—ysland whereof this Shire was a part were to the Romans knowne by the name of ORDOVICES a puissant and courageous Nation whose hearts and hilles held them the longest free from the yoke of subjection either of the Romans or English for unto the dayes of Domitian they kept plea with the Romans and were not brought to the will of the English before the raigne of King Edward the first Those ORDOVICES inhabited the Counties of Mountgomery Merioneth Caernarvan Denbigh and Flint which are of us called now North-Wales a people generous and of affable conditions goodly for feature faire of complexion courageous of minde courteous to strangers and that which is most commendable most true and loyall to the English Crowne Townes for Trades and commerce in this County are sixe the chiefest thereof and Shire-Towne is Mountgomery very wholesome for ayre and pleasant for situation upon an easie ascent of an hill and upon another farre higher mounted stands a faire and well-repaired Castle from the East Rocke whereof the Towne hath been walled as by some part yet standing and the tract and trench of the rest even unto the North-side of the said Castle may evidently be seen whose Graduation for Latitude is placed in the degree 53. and for Longitude 17. the lines cutting each other in the site of this Towne This Towne hath lately received the honour and Title of an Earledome whereof Philip Herbert the second sonne of Henry Earle of Pembroke was created the first in Anno 1605. And the Shire divided into seven Hundreds wherein are seated sixe Market-Townes and forty seven Parish-Churches the names whereof are inserted in the Table annexed MONTGOMERY SHIRE ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all The Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Mountgomery Shire HVNDREDS in Mountgomery-shire 1 MEchavi 2 Kare Eynion 3 Ystrad Marchel 4 Kidriorn 5 Kery 6 Ykrostly 7 Kyfy Log. A Aberhafais Kidriorn Agaiere Ystrad Angle Flu. B Bacho Flu. Llyn Barre Ykrost Becham Flu. Llyn Begelyn Kyfy Beryw Kydriorn Berechlaid Ykrost Bettus Kidriorn Biga Flu. Brethen hill Ystrad Brughan Flu. Buttington Ystrad C Caerfuse Castle Ykrost Carlion Hill Ystrad Carno Flu. Churchstoke Ystrad Cregynog Hâ—ll Kidriorn Castle Engerrimon Kare D Dolevoren Castle Kidriorn Dornoll Flu. Dorowen Kyfy Dulâ—s Flu. Dâ—las Flu Dulas Flu. 3. Dungum Flu. F Chappell Fordyn Ystrad G Garth-beibio Kare Llyn Glastyn Kyfy Gnedall Flu. Gogh Castle Ystrad H Haus Flu. Heldray Ystrad Hirnant Mech Hyssinton Ystrad K Karno Ykrost Kegidfa Ystrad Kemes Kyfy Kerig Flu. Kery Kery L Llanbrim Maire Kyfy Llanddosilio Mech Llanddynam Ykrost Llandissil Kidriorn Llandrenio Ystrad Llanfair Kare LLANFILLYN Mech Llanfynhonwen ystrad Llangadfan Kare Llangirrich ykrost Llangunoth Mech Llangynyw Kare Llanllochaiarne Kidriorn Llanllygan Kidriorn Llanfauntfred yn Mecham Mech Llanuthin Mech Llanuaier ynghareynion kare Llanuyhangell ynghery kare Llanwryn kyfy. Llanwunog ykrost Llanwydelan kydriorn LLANYDLOES ykrost Llany Rewic kidriorn Llanyruill kare Lleding Flu. Lleighton ystrad Llevenant Flu. Lloyd Flu. Lloydyerd Mech M MACHENLLETH Kyf Maismaure ystrad Manafon kidriorn Mathavern kyfy. Mathravall Hall kare Meifod Mech Middleton Hall kery Moghtree kery MOVNTGOMERY Ystrad Moylnadion Hill kyfy. Mulle Flu. Penant Mylangell Mech N NEWTOWNE Kidriorn P Penegos kyfy. WELSH POOLE ystrad Penprice ykrost Penstrowed ykrost Plymllymon Hill kyfy. R Riader Flu. Rue Flu. S Severns head kyfy. Severne Flu. Severne Flu. T Tagarell Chappell ykrost Tanot Flu. Taramon Flu. Towynmyn Flu. Trefeglos ykrost Chappell Treflistin ystrad Tregynon kidriorn Turgh Flu. V Vurnuey Flu. W Wurway Flu. Wye Flu. Y Llanvihangell Ynghronfa Mech MERIONETH-SHIRE CHAPTER XI MERIONETH-SHIRE which the Britaines call Scire-Verioneth and in Latine Mervinia is bordered upon the North by Carnarvon and Denbigh-shires upon the East with Montgomery upon the South by the River Dowy is parted from Cardigan-shire and the West side altogether washed with the Irish-Seas whose rage with such vehemencie beateth against her Bankes that it is thought and said some quantity of the Land hath been swallowed up by those Seas 2 In forme this Shire somewhat resembleth a Welsh-Harpe though small is the Musicke that to her Inhabitants she makes being the roughest and most unpleasant to see to as Giraldus their owne Historian writeth in all Wales The Ayre for great pleasure nor Soile for great profit I cannot greatly commend unlesse it be for the many and mighty great windes that for the most part therein do rage and the spired hilles clustered together so neer and so high as the same Author affirmeth that Shepheards upon their tops falling at oddes in the morning and challenging the field for fight before they can come together to try out the quarrell the day will bee spent and the heat of their fury shut up with their sleepe 3 These Mountaines formerly did abound with Wolves for whose avoydance Edgar the peaceable did impose as Malmesbury writeth a yeerely Tribute of three hundred Wolves upon Ludwall Prince of that Countrey whereby in three yeers space they were quite destroyed and now their faces are covered with fruitfull flocks of Sheepe besides Neate and other Cattle that therein abundantly doe grase wherein the onely riches of this Shire doth consist for by reason of the unevennesse of the soyle and rockes so neere the face of the earth the Plough cannot bee drawne nor the Corne prosper which some have imputed to the idlenesse of the Inhabitants wherein they have beene greatly wronged 4 These people are a part of the Ordovices of whom we have spoken who by the advaÌ„tage of these mountaines held out with the longest against the Romanes and their necks not brought under the yoke of bondage before the dayes of King Edward the first since when they have attempted to cast off their subjection to the English upon some stirs raised by Owin Glendover who having been a favorite of King Richard the second and discontented by King Henry the fourth in a quarrell with the Lord Gray of Ruthin that intruded upon his demaines quarrelled with the King and entred into open rebellion and confederacie with all
the Land-lords prey till King Malcolme enacted that half a marked should be paid for redemption The residence of those fore-mentioned Kings was chiefly in Ila Bunals and Iona now Columbkill where as Donald Munro who travelled thorow these Ilands reporteth are three Tombes having the severall Inscriptions of the Kings of Scotland of Ireland and of Norway 19 Among these Westerne Ilands the Hebrides Skie Mula Ila and Arran are the greatest All of them plentifull of Corne Woods Salmons and Herrings as others of Conies Deere Horses and Sheepe where in some they are wilde and in others without any owners but the people uncivill and lacking Religion they rather live rudely in state of necessitie then as Lords of these portions which God hath allotted them and with a sufferable ease ignorant of ambition enjoy those contentments which some others though they no great summe doe more laboriously attaine unto by the Precepts of Philosophy for feeding themselves with competencie without any excesse they returne all the overplus unto their Lords as doe the Inhabitants of Hirta and Rona but alas Religion not knowne among them these penurious vertues are rather the curses of Cham then the followings of Christ who forbids us to be too carefull for the morrow 20 The Iles of Orkenay upon the North of Scotland lying in a most raging and tempestuous Sea are about three and thirtie in number whereof thirteene are inhabited and the other replenished with Cattle in these are no venemous Serpents nor other ugly vermine the aire sharpe and healthfull and the soyle apt to beare onely Oates and Barley but not a sticke of wood among these Pomonia is the greatest accounted and called the Maine-land affording sixe Minerals of Lead and Tinne and in her chiefe Towne a Bishops See wherein are seated twelve Parish-Churches one of them very Magnificent for so remote a Countrey 21 Of all the Romanes Iulius Agricola first discovered the Orkenayes yea and subdued them if we will beleeve Tacitus but Pomponius Mela that wrote thirtie yeers before him doth mention them and Invenal in Hadrians time after him tels us the Romanes had wonne them and lastly Claudian nameth Saxons that were slaine in them and so doth Ninius name Octha and Ebissus Saxon Commanders who in their roving Pinnaces wasted the Orkenayes These Ilands Donald Bune the usurper of the Scottish Crowne gave to the King of Norway for his assistance and by the Norwegians were they held the space of an hundred and sixtie yeers untill that Alexander the third King of Scotland with sword and composition got them from Magnus the fourth King of Norway which afterward King Haquin confirmed unto King Robert Bruce but lastly Christian the first King of Norway and Denmarke utterly renounced all his right to those Ilands when he gave his Daughter in marriage unto King Iames the third which deed was further ratified by the Pope who openeth the way to the possession of Kingdoms with his own key 22 More North and further then this Chart could well expresse lye the Isles of Shetland of some thought to be Thule and by the Commenter upon Horace the Fortunate Iland where as Tzetzes fabuleth the souls of good men are ferryed into those Elizian fields that ever grow greene and whence Iulius Caesar could hardly be drawne as Muretus hath written but their fictions intended onely that the vertâ—â—â—â—s souls of the dead passed the uttermost bounds of earthly abode and attained to an over-pleasing repose and ever-flourishing happinesse which whether they borrowed from the description of Paradise taken both for a faire Garden and the souls happie rest I cannot define but sure they would not have made those fields alwayes greene if they had seene how they lye ever covered with Ice and Snow being in the 36. degree of Latitude as Ptolemie hath placed it where for the most part is a continuall Winter but for proofe that this was the Thule besides Ptolemies Positure Saxo Grammaticus betwixt Norway and Scotland hath placed it and Solinuâ— two dayes sayling from the point of Caledonia and Tacitus saith that the Romanes kenned Thule afarre off as they sayled about Britaine by the Orcades and lastly Mela maketh it to face Berge a Citie in Norway THE FOVRTH BOOKE Containing THE KINGDOME OF IRELAND WITH AN EXACT CHOROGRAPHICALL DIMENSION OF THE PROVINCES THEREIN CONTAINED AND THOSE AGAINE DIVIDED INTO THEIR SEVERALL COVNTIES TOGETHER With a compendious Description of that NATION and ILANDS COMMODITIES BY IOHN SPEED LONDON Printed by Iohn Legatt for William Humble 1646. Cum Privilegio THE PARTICVLAR COVNTIES IN THE FOVRE SEVERALL PROVINCES OF IRELAND AS NOW THEY ARE DIVIDED AND LIMITED MOVNSTER Limmerick Kery Corke Waterford Desmond Holy Crosse in Typperary LEINSTER East Meath West Meath Kilkenny Caterlough Queenes Countie Kings Countie Kildare Weshford Dubline CONNAVGHT Clare or Towmund Gallaway Maio. Slego Letrim Roscoman VLSTER Dunghall or Tyr-connell Tyrone-upper Tyrone-nether Farmanagh Cavon Monaghan Colran Antrim Doun Armagh Lough DIEV ET MON DROIT ✚ HONI ✚ SOIT ✚ QVI MAL ✚ Y ✚ PENSE ✚ IRELAND AS IT VVAS AND IS INHABITED THE SITE AND COMMODITIES OF THE 1LAND DESCRIBED AND DECLARED THE Traditions of time have delivered unto us divers names whereby this famous Island is recorded to have been called yet none of more faire probabilitie then that of Orpheus Aristotle and Claudian by whom it is named Ierna by Iuvenall and Mela called Inverna by Diodorus Siculus Iris by Martian of Heraclea Ioyepnia by Eustachius Oyernia and Bernia by the native Inhabitants Erya by the Britaines Yuerdon the Welsh-bards in their Ballads Triuolas Totidanan and Banno and by the English Ireland But from whence these diversities were derived arise many opinions Doubtlesse it is that Hibernia Inverna and Overnia came from Ierna spoken of by Orpheus and Aristotle and the same Ierna as also Iris Iuerdhon and Ireland and Erin the terme that the Inhabitants now use From this Erin therefore a word proper to the Nation the originall is most likely to be deduced 2 Some derive Hibernia from Hiberno tempore that is from the Winter season some from Hiberus a Spaniard some from a Duke named Irnalph some againe from the ancient River Iberus and some from Hiere an Irish word which signifieth the West or a westerne coast whence Erin may also seeme to fetch the derivation for it lyeth furthest Westward of any Region in all Europe As also for that the River running in the most remote West part of this Iland is in Ptolemy called Iernus like as the furthest western Promontory in Spaine from whence our Irish men came is by Strabo called Ierne and the River next unto it by Mela Ierna yea and Spaine it selfe for the Westerne situation is called Hesperia the West-Cape of Africke Hesperium and in Germany Westrich and Westphanlen from their position have their names Postelius a man that rather followed his owne fancy then the judgement of others fetcheth the
originall of Ireland from the Hebrewes as if Irin should be as much as Iurin that is the Iewes land which opinion I hold no better then those that would have it from the Winter-like stormes although upon every winde the ayre is cold there 3 Festus Avienus in that little book which he intituled Orae maritimae calleth Ireland Sacram Insulam that is the holy Iland to which opinion the people are soone drawne by reason of the many Saints that the Iland is said to produce and the blessed soyle that affords no venemous creatures to retaine life It is thought that Plutarch meant Ireland by his Ogygia for her great antiquitie and of latter times by Isidore and Bede it was called Scotia of those Scots that inhabited it and that thence the name of Scotland together with the Scots themselves came into Britaine 4 For largenesse and circuit in times past this Iland challenged the third place in ranke of all the Iles of the then knowne world for thus have Geographers left us that the Indian Taproban for greatnesse was the first the I le of Britaine the next and this of Ireland the third and for that cause doth Ptolemy call it the little Britaine But howsoever Strabo hath extended the breadth as broad as the length and others have formed it in shape like an egge yet latter dimensions have found it far otherwise twice longer then broad and may be compared to the forelegge of a Beare if the Simile breed no offence Whose East side hath on it that tempestuous Sea that cutteth her channell betwixt England and this Ireland the West is washed with the westerne Ocean the North with the Deucaledonian and the South with the Verginian Sea 5 The ayre of this Iland is delectable and wholesome though neither so cleare nor subtile as is ours of England which as Mela saith is nothing favourable for the ripening of Corne but so gratefull to the ground that it causeth grasse to grow abundantly not onely fresh and long but withall very sweet for all Cattle and in winter is more subject to winde then snow and that I may use the words of Giraldus It is of all Countries most temperate neither forcing the Inhabitants to seek shade from the frying heat of Cancer nor the chilling cold of Capricorn to drive them to the fire but at all seasons most milde betwixt a sufferable cold and gentle warme heat 6 The soyle saith Cambreusis is uneven wooddy wilde waterish and boggie so full of Loghs and Meeres that great ponds of water are found upon the high Mountaines These indeed make the places somewhat dangerous unto all new commers by breeding of rheums dysenteries and fluxes whose usuall remedie is Vskebah a wholesome Aqua vitae that drieth more and enflameth lesse then many other hot confections 7 The commodities of this Kingdome chiefly consist in Cattle whose feed is so sweet and so ranke that they will soone graze to a surfeit if they may be suffered to feed as they will Their sheepe are many but beare not the best wooll which twice are shorne within one yeare Of these they make Mantles Caddowes and Coverlets vented from thence into forraine Countries Their Hobbies likewise are of great esteeme and are answerable to the Iennets of Spaine Bees there are in such abundance that hony is found in holes of old trees and in reâ—ts of the rocks No annoyance of hurtfull Snake or venemous creatures and to speake all in a word nothing wanting for profit or pleasure for so much doth Giraldus affirme in saying that Nature had cast into this Westerne Kingdome of Zephyrus a more gracious eye then was ordinary 8 Touching the originall peopling of this faire Iland if you will beleeve their records they make Antiquitie it selfe but young unto themselves affirming the damsell Caesarea and niece unto Noah to have found it out before the Floud and that three hundred yeares after when Iaphets posteritie tooke into these West-parts of the world one Bartholanus of his Progeny a Scythian by birth encouraged by the late successe of Nimrod who now had intruded upon the Monarchy of Syria wandred so farre West that Fortune at last cast him and his people upon the coast of Ireland There he setled with his three sonnes Languinna Salanus and Ruthurgus who searching through every creeke and corner of the land left their owne names by three notable places Languini Stragrus and Mount Salanga which the revolution of times hath since called by other names as S. Domincke-hill Ruthurgi and Stagnum Vnder the government of these three sonnes and their off-spring this Land was kept about three hundred yeares at which time there arrived also in Ireland a Giant-like kinde of people of Nimrods race who in bodily shape exceeded the proportion of usuall men using their strength to winne soveraignties and to oppresse with rapine and violence These growing to numbers accounted it necessary to prevent dominion lest the curse of slavery prophecied by Noah should light upon them to prevent the which they set up a King of their owne then quarrels bred daily either parties purposing to hold their interest by their swords against whom lastly a battle was fought and an infinite company of Giants slaine when also died most of those of the posteritie of Iapheth leaving them of Cham Lords of the Iland 9 Whereupon Nemethus a Scythian with his foure sonnes arrived in Ireland and by strong hand seated themselves among these Giants where for two hundred and sixty yeares they kept but then no longer able to hold out against them they left their standings and departed the Land 10 Soone after the five sonnes of Dela descended from the said Nemethus came into these coasts and with manly prowesse drove these miscreants out of Ireland whereby the seede of Cham was utterly expelled and these of Iapheth divided the Land into five parts whereof they became themselves Kings but falling at variance gave advantage unto others among whom the Britaines set in a foote THE KINGDOME OF IRLAND Devided into severall Provinces and theÌ„ againe devided into Counties Newly described 12 These by the direction sufferance and assistance of Gurguntius King of the Britaines after that Ireland had beene very much dispeopled by a contagious Pestilence seated themselves and from the eldest Hibernus called the Island Hibernia as some are of opinion these divided the whole into five Provinces famously known by the names of Mounster Leinster Connaught Vlster and Meath in their midst and from these the present Irish repute themselves to come Yet surely as I make no question but that this Island became inhabited even of old time when mankind againe over-spread the face of the earth so doubt I not but that our Britains passed thereinto themselves such infinite number of words in the Irish language yet in use such ancient
they inhabited for to this the very name is almost sufficient to perswade us 5 The Commodities of this Countrey do chiefly consist in Cattle Sea-fowle and Fish It breeds many excellent good horses called Irish Hobbies which have not the same pace that other horses have in their course but a soft and round amble setting very easily 6 This Country hath in it three Rivers of note termed in old time the three Sisters Shour Neor and Barraeo which issue out of the huge Mountaine called by Giraldus Bladinae Montes as out of their mothers wombe and from their rising tops descending with a down-fall into severall Channels before they empty themselves into the Ocean joyn hand in hand all together in a mutual league and combination 7 Places very dangerous for shipping are certaine slats and shallowes in the Sea that lye over against Holy-point which the Mariners call the Grounds Also the shelves of sand that lye a great way in length opposite to Newcastle which overlooketh them into the Sea from the top of an high hill adjoyning 8 In this Province are placed many faire and wealthy Townes as Kilkenny which for a Burrough Towne excels all the midland Burroughs in this Iland Kildare which is adorned with an Episcopall See and much graced in the first infancie of the Irish Church by reason of Saint Bridgid a venerable Virgin had in great account and estimation for her virginitie and devotion as who was the Disciple of Saint Patricke of so great fame renowne and antiquitie also Weisford a name given unto it by these Germans whom the Irish terme Oustmans a towne though inferiour to some yet as memorable as any for that it became the first Colony of the English and did first submit it selfe unto their protection being assaulted by Fitz-Stephen a Captaine worthily made famous for his valour and magnanimitie 9 But the Citie which fame may justly celebrate alone beyond all the Cities or Townes in Ireland is that which we call Divelin Ptolemie Eblana the Latinists Dublinium and Dublinia the West-Britaines Dinas Dulin the English-Saxons in times past Duplin and the Irish Balacleigh that is the Towne upon hurdles for it is reported that the place being fennish and moorish when it first began to be builded the foundation was laid upon hurdles 10 That it is ancient is perswaded by the authoritie of Ptolemie That it was grievously rent and dismembred in the tumultuous warres of the Danes and brought afterwards under the subjection of Eadgar King of England which his Charter also confirmeth wherein he calleth it the noble Citie of Ireland is written by Saxo Grammaticus That it was built by Harold of Norway which may seeme to be Harold Harfager when he had brought the greatest part of Ireland into an awfull obedience unto him we reade in the life of Griffeth ap Sinan Prince of Wales At length it yeelded unto the valour and protection of the English at their first arrivall into Ireland by whom it was manfully defended from the fierce assaults as well of Auscoulph Prince of the Dublinians as afterwards of Gottard King of the Isles since which time it hath still augmented her flourishing estate and given approved testimony of her faith and loyaltie to the Crowne of England in the times of any tumultuous straights and commotions 11 This is the royall seat of Ireland strong in her munition beautifull in her buildings and for the quantitie matchable to many other Cities frequent for traffique and intercourse of Merchants In the East Suburbs Henry the second King of England as Hoveden reporteth caused a royall Palace to be erected and Henry Loundres Archbishop of Divelin built a store-house about the yeer of Christ 1220. Not farre from it is the beautifull Colledge consecrated unto the name of the holy Trinitie which Queene Elizabeth of famous memorie dignified with the priviledges of an Vniversitie The Church of S. Patricke being much enlarged by King Iohn was by Iohn Comin Arch-bishop of Dubline borne at Euesham in England first ordained to be a Church of Prebends in the yeere 1191. It doth at this day maintaine a Deane a Chanter a Chancellor a Treasurer two Arch-Deacons and twenty-two Prebendaries This Citie in times past for the due administration of Civill Government had a Provost for the chiefe Magistrate But in the yeer of mans Redemption 1409. King Henry the fourth granted them libertie to choose every yeere a Maior and two Bailiffes and that the Maior should have a guilt sword carried before him for ever And King Edward the sixt to heape more honour upon this place changed the two Bailiffes afterwards into Sheriffes so that there is not any thing here wanting that may serve to make the estate of a Citie most flourishing 12 As the people of this Countie doe about the neighbouring parts of Divelin come neerest unto the civill conditions and orderly subjection of the English so in places farther off they are more tumultuous being at deadly feuds amongst themselves committing oft-times Man-slaughters one upon another and working their owne mischiefes by mutuall wrongs for so the Irish of Leinster wasted Leinster with many Townes in the same Province in the yeere 1294. And in the yeere 1301. the men of Leinster in like manner raised a warre in the winter season setting on fire the Town of Wykinlo Rathdon and others working their owne plague and punishment by burning up their sustenance and losing their Castle by depredation 13 Matter of observation and no lesse admiration among them is the Giants dance commonly so called and so much talked of which Merlin is said by Art Magick to have translated out of this Territory unto Salisburie Plain which how true it is I leave to the vaine beleevers of miracles and to the credulous observers of antiquitie 14 In this County have beene erected many famous Monasteries Abbies and religious houses consecrated to devout and holy purposes as the Monasterie of Saint Maries of Oustmanby founded for preaching Friers unto which of late dayes the Iudiciall Courts of the Kingdome have beene translated also the magnificent Abbey called S. Thomas Court at Dublin builded and endowed in times past with many large priviledges and revenewes of King Henry the second in expiation of the murther of Thomas Archbishop of Canterburie Likewise Tinteru Monastery or the notable Abbey which William Marshall Earle of Pembroke founded and called De voto for that he had vowed to God being tossed at Sea with many a fore and dangerous tempest to erect an Abbey wheresoever he came to land and being after shipwrack cast upon land in this place he made performance of his vow accordingly This Province containeth the Counties of Kilkenny Caterloge Queens County Kings County Kildare East Meath West Meath Weisford and Dublin to say nothing of Wicklo and Fernes which either be already or else are to be annexed unto it
Polly down Promontary ant R Ragh Iland down Ragha Iland Nether Tyr. Raghin Mon. The Raghlins ant Ramultan Castle dun Rane-had down Raynold down Bishop Reagh ant Reagh down Red bay Castle ant Red Castle dun Red-bay ant Red-haven dun Relly down Richard Lough Rinor Neth Tyr. Rock flu Col. Lough Rosse Monagh Castle Rosse Monagh Lough Rose Monagh Rosse dun The Rowte ant Lough Rush Col. Lough Ryle down S Lough Sade-fold Mon. Sarard Lough Salmon-leape ant The Salmon Fishing dun Savage down Sawell pit a Mew Col. Scatericke Down Scottes ant Mount Sendall ant Knock Serabah Do. Sergeants towne Ar. Sidney Iland Nether Tyr. Silver hill dun Shanan Lough Lough Shanahan down Sheap flu down Sheepe haven dun Shelton Lough Skee Ferm Skinne flu Col. Skirres Portrush Col. Skirris ant Skrine Neth Tyr. Smiths Castle down Sok-le-boy An. South-rock down Stokan Neth Tyr. Stone-over ant Strangford down Strangford haven dow Temple Stanhurst land down Streband Vpper Tyr. Lough Swilly haven dun Mac Swinne dogh dun Mac Swinne Banogh dun Mac Swinne Fannought dun Castle Swinne Ado dun T Tadog ant Talbot down Tallah Neth Tyr. Tallowen flu Nether Tyr. Tehevet ant Telyn dun Tenan arm Bay Teraine ant Terim flu Neth Tyr. Termon Vpper Tyr. Slue Tgore Col. Lough Tinan Monagh Bishop Togher down Toghraby Monagh Tallagh Corbet Mon. Tollogh Cast Lough Tolloghnest Ne. Tyr. Tome Fort Neth Tyr. Tome lagh dun Tor ant Tor Island ant Torre Island dun Toughagh arm Toune Lough Toune Castle ant Trigall Net Tyr. Slew Trim Vpper Tyr. Troghenghtro Mon. Owen ne Trough Nether Tyr. Trowis flu Tullagh Neth Tyr. Tullash down V Uragh flu W Wall Mon. Walley Bay dun Warren Castle Lough Warren flu Welsh Castle down Whithead bay ant Whithead Castle ant White Castle dun White Abbey ant White Land ant Whites Castle down White Island down Bishop Willy Castle dun THE FIRST INDEX OR ALPHABETICALL TABLE containing the principall matters in the Maps both of ENGLAND and IRELAND the first number noting the Page and the second the Section A Fol. Sect. ABer-Conwey Towne like a Citie 123 6 Aberfrawe the Prince of Wales his Court 99 8 Adelme founder of Malmesbury Monastery 25.8 Adulph reedisieth Peterborow Monastery upon what ocsion 55.7 Iul Agricola his Trench or Fortification limiting the Romane Province 6.9 Saint Albanes Isle 94.8 Saint Albanes Towne and Monastery 39.5 Alcluid i. Dunbritton 132.12 Alesbury wherefore much frequented 43.7 Alexander King of Scots King of the Western Ilands and of Man 92.16 Alfred or Elfred restoreth the Vniversitie of Oxford 45.7 Buildeth Colledges and placeth Readers there ibid. Almanac of Harvest men in Denbigh shire 119.3 Alney Iland 47.10 Amble-side or Amboglana 85 10 Ambresbury Abbey 17.6 25.9 Ancalites where seated 45.4 Anderida Citie 9.4 Andradswald 9.4 S. Annes-well at Buxstones 67.8 Anglesey Isle how confined 99.8 What Cantreds and Commots it hath 99.8 How named and why 125.1 The forme and dimension of it 2 The Aire and Commodities thereof 3 The seat of the Druids 5 How divided Ibid. By whom infested and subdued 9 Hundreds and Townes thereof 126 Antimonium See Stibium Antiquities in West Riding 79.7 Anwicke field 89.10 Appleby Towne and Castle in Westmoreland 85.8 Aquila prophsieth 17.6 Arch-bishops Sees in Britain three 2.14 Armagh an Archiepiscopall and Metropolitane See in Ireland 145.9 Arran Ilands neere Galway 143.6 Arthurs chair an high mountaine 109.4 King Arthurs round Table at Llansanan in Denbighshire 119.6 Prince Arthur keepeth his Court at Ludlow 71.7 Prince Arthur his MonumeÌ„t or Sepulchre 51.5 23.10 Arvon i. Cair-Narvon 99.7 Ashes making ground fruitfull 119.4 Ashbridge much renowned for a feigned Miracle 43.7 Saint Assaph in North-Wales an Episcopall See 99.11 121.9 Astroits the precious stone found at Slugbury in Warwick shire 53.7 Alsoneere Bever 61.3 Attrebatii where planted 27 5 Saint Andree foundresse of Ely 37.5 Saint Andrees Liberties Ibid. Angustine first Archbishop of Canterbury 6.5 Angustines Oke in Worcestershire 51.6 Anteri what people in Ireland 143.5 B Badbury the West-Saxon Kings Court 17.6 Brinbrig an ancient place 79.7 Bala Curi the Bishops Palace of the Isle of Man 91.5 Baldwine the great Forrester of Flaunders 57.2 Banchor or Bangor a Citie and the first Monasterie 121 9 The ruines thereof Ibid. A Bishops See 99.9 Brakley Castle where King Edward the 2. was murdered 47.10 Braklow hils in Essex 31.5 Bark-shire whence it tooke ramâ— 27.1 How it is bounded 27.1 The forme measure and ayre thereof 27.2.3.4 What coÌ„modities it yeeldeth 27.4 By whom anciently inhabited 27.5 What Religious houses it had 27.10 Hundreds and Townes in Barke-shire 28 Barnet field 29.9 Bartholanus his three sons planted in Ireland 137 8 Barwick 89.9 How governed Ibid. The graduation of it Ibid. Battle-bridge 81.7 Battaile-field 9.7 Battaile of Standard 81.7 Bathe in Sommerset-shire what names it had and why so called 23.7 Beault in Brecknock-shire 109 5. Beau-marish why so named See Bonover 125.8 Thomas Becket his Tombe 7.8 Bede a Monke of Weremouth where borne 83 6 Bedford-shire how bounded 41.1 The forme and dimension of it 41.2 The air soile and commodities of Bedford-shire 41.3 The ancient Inhabitants thereof 41.4 Hundreds and Townes therein 42 Bedford Towne and Castle 41.6.7 How described and how governed 41.7 The graduation of it 41 10 Of Beeston Castle a Prophesie 73.9 Belga where seated 13.6 15 6 23.5 25.5 Bellona's Temple in York 78 9 Bennones See Cleicester Benonium See Binchester Berinus the first Archbishop of Dorchester 6.8 His circuit Ibid. The Apostle and Bishop of the West-Saxons Ibid. Preacheth and baptizeth at Oxford 45.4 The Apostle also of the South-Saxons Ibid. Berry sometimes a famous Citie in Shrop-shire 71.9 Berth a Towne in Scotland destroyed by the inundation of Tai 132.16 Y. Bervedhwald the fourth part of North-Wales the bounds commodities cantreds and commots in it 99.11 Bever in Tivi River described 113.3 Beverley a Sanctuary 81.5 Saint Iohn of Beverley Ibid. Bibroces what people 25 5 Binbridge Isle 15.4 Binchester sometimes Benonium 83.9 Sir Richard Bingham his valour and wisedome in repressing Mac-Williams posteritie 143.7 Bishoprickes how many in England and Wales 6.4 Blany people in Ireland 141 4 Blond-raine 15.8 78.9 Charles Blunt Lord Mount-Ioy quenched the rebellion of Tirone 139.9 Bedman the middle Towne of Cornwall 21.8 the climate thereof Ibid. A Bishops See removed to Excester 21.10 Queene Boduo razeth Maldon 31.8 Bone-well in Herefordshire 49 6 Benover now Beau-marish 129 The government and graduation of it Ibid. Borders betweene Scotland and England 6.11 Now the middest of the Empire Ibid. Borow what it signifieth 3.6 Bors-holder or Tithingman 3.6 Bosham in Sussex 9.8 Boskenna Monument or Trophee 21.9 Bovata See Oxgang Bovium See Banâ—hor Bowes an ancient Towne in West-riding 79.7 Brasen armour digged up in Cornwall 21.9 Brasen nose Colledge in Stanford 59.8 Breake-speare See Hadrian the fourth Breertous death in Cheshire presignified 73.9 Brecknock-shire the nature of it 100.21 What Cantreves and Commots it hath
old time 57.5 Cole in pits of what substance 83.4 Cole-pits in the Bishopricke of Durham 83.4 Cole in pits at Cole-Overton in Leicester-shire 61.1 Colchester by whom built 31 7 In Colchester Constantine the great borne 31.7 Colchester how fortified 31.7 whereof it taketh name 31 7 The civill government and graduation of Colchester ibid. Colledges which were first endowed with lands in all Christendome 45.7 Columbkill where the Kings of Scotland Ireland and Norway were entombed 132.18 Combat betweene Edmond Ironside and Canutus 47.10 Comius Attrebas or of Arras 27.5 Commodus the Emperour his Hercules-like Statue 79.7 Concani See Gangani Concha mother to Saint Patricke 101.7 132.12 Condercum See Chester in the Street Coning i. King why so called 4.7 Connaught Province how it is bounded 143.1 The forme and dimension thereof 143.2 The Aire and Bogghes ibid. 3 By whom inhabited in old time 143.5 Extream famine there 143.8 What religious houses there 143.9 Counties and Townes there 144 Constantius Chlorus the Emperour died at Yorke 78.9 His Sepulcher 78.11 Conwy river how named in old time 123.6 Iohn Cobland a famous and valiant Esquire In the Map of Durham Bishopricke Cobland a part of Cumberland 87.2 Copper-Mine at Wenlocke in Shropshire 71.9 In Cumberland 87.4 Corinaeus 22 Coritani where they inhabited 55.4 59.6 61.4 67.4 Corham or Coverham Abbey 79.8 Corke Countie in Ireland sometime a Kingdome 139 Corke Citie in Mounster how seated 139.6 An Episcopall See ibid. The marriage of the Citizens ibid. Cornavii what countries they held 51.4 53.4 69.5 71.5 73.5 Cornwall why so called 3.2 21.1 Of what temperature for aire it is 21.2 Almost an Isle 21.4 The soile 21.3 The dimension thereof 21.3 The ancient and moderne Inhabitants 21.5 It giveth title of Earle and Duke 21.6 What commodities it yeeldeth 21.7 Religious houses therein 21.10 Hundreds and Townes therein 22 Cottons Family of Coningham in Huntingtonshire 58.8 Coventry a well walled Citie 53.5 A Corporation and Countie by it selfe 53.5 Counsell of the Marches of Wales ordained 71.7 Counsell at Yorke erected 78 9 Courts of Iustice altered by King William Conquerour 5.3 Caway Stakes 29.6 Crediton or Kirton a Bishops See translated to Excester 19.6 Cretingsbury 58.10 Sir Adam de Cretings ibid. Robert Bossu Crouch-backe Earle of Leicester rebelleth 61.6 Buildeth the Abbey of St Maries de Pratls neere Leicester 61.6 Hee becommeth a Canon Regular 61.6 Cuba an Island 1.2 Cumberland how bounded 87.1 The form and aire of it 87 2.3 Whence it tooke name 87.5 Commodities thereof 87.4 The ancient Inhabitants 87.5 A Kingdome ibid. Antiquities therein 87.6 Townes therein 88 Cumri 99.2 Custodes See Lieutenants Cuthbert Bishop of Lindâ—ssarne 93 The tutelar Patron of Northerne English-men against the Scots 83.6 A Saint and much adored 83.6 His Tombe much visited by Kings in Pilgrimage ibid. D Lord Dalbney or Daubney with Cornish Rebels overthrown upon Black-heath 7.10 Danelage 5.3 Danish Law 4.8 Danmonii where placed Danewort hearb why so called 31.5 Darby-shire how bounded 67.1 The forme and dimension of it 67.2 The aire and soile thereof ibid. 3 The Inhabitants of it in old time 67.4 Commodities thereof 67 5 What Religious Houses therein 67.9 Hundreds Towns thereof 68 Darby Towne how named in times past 67.6 Alhallowes Steeple there by whom built ibid. The government and graduation thereof ibid. Darnii people of Ireland 145.5 David Disciple of Dubricius uncle to King Arthur Arch-bishop of Menevia 6.6 David 2. King of Scots prisosoner in Nottingham castle 65.6 Saint Davids Citie 101.7 A Nurcerie of holy men ibid. An Archiepiscopall See 101.6 The Cathedrall Church thereof ibid Saint David Bishop refuteth the Pelagians 113.7 Dee River glideth through Pimple meere without mixture 117.5 Deemsters in the Isle of Man 91.5 Deheubarth i. South Wales 110.15 Deirwand 81.8 Dela his five sonnes seated in Ireland 137.10 Demetia or Dimetia i. South-Wales 100.15 Demetiae what Nation and where planted 101.4 103.4 Or Dimetae 113.5 Denbigh Towne and Castle in North wales 99.11 119.7 An Earth-quake there without harme 119.7 How governed ibid. The graduation of it ibid. Denbigh-shire how limited 119.1 The forme and dimension thereof 119.2 The aire and soile thereof 119. 3.4 By whom inhabited in old time 119.5 The Commodities thereof 119.6 Hundreds and Townes thereof 120 Depopulation in England complained of 4.10 Derwent River 67.3 Earle of Desmonds Rebellion suppressed 139.9 Himselfe beheaded by a Souldier ibid. Deucalidonian sea 99.1 Devils arse in the Peake 67.8 Devils ditch 33.7 37.7 Devon-shire name whence derived 91.1 How bounded 91 1 The dimension thereof 19.2 The aire and soile of it 19.3 What Ports and Havens it hath 19.4 What commodities it yeeldeth 19.5 It giveth titles of Duke and Earle 19.8 What Religious houses in it 19.9 Hundreds Towns therein 20 Diamonds gotten in Cornewall 21.7 In Somerset-shire 23.6 Dyffrin Cluid 119.6 The fairest valley within Wales 99.11 Divelin or Dublin Countie destitute of wood 141.3 Divelin Citie the chief in Ireland why called in Irish Bala Cleigh 141.6 Loyall to the Crowne of England 141.10 How adorned ibid. 11 How governed ibid. Divet i. Pembroke-shire 100 17 Division of this whole worke or Theatre 1.1 A division of England fourefold in Canute his days 4.11 Division of England according to Iurisdiction Archiepiscopall 5.4 Dobuni where seated 45.4 47.4 Domesday booke why so called 5.8 Dopnald King of Man tyrannizeth and flieth into Ireland 92.5 Dorchester by Oxford an Episcopall See 45.4 Removed to Lincolne 6.9 Had Archiepiscopall jurisdiction 6.8 How seated 17.5 The civill government thereof 17.5 The graduation of it 17.6 Dorcester-shire whence it took name 17.1 How bounded ibid. The forme and measure of it 17.2 The aire and soile thereof 17.3 By whom possessed in old time 17.4 The commodities it yeeldeth 17.5 What memorable places there 17.6 What religious houses 17 7.8 What Castles 17.9 Divisions Hundreds and Townes therein 18 Dover the Locke and Key to England 7.5 Downes in Sussex 9.4 Sir Francis Drake compassed the Globe of the earth by Sea 19.4 Drax an Abbey 77.7 Dropping Well 78.11 Dubricius Arch-bishop of Caerlion 6.6 Dunstan against Priests marriage his supposed Stratagem 2â— 6 Duwich an Episcopall See 339 Durol rivae 58.8 Duro sipont See God-Manchester Durotriges where seated 17.4 Durham Bishopricke how bounded 83.1 The forme and dimension of it 83.2 The aire and soile 83.3 4 The ancient Inhabitants of it 83.5 Townes in the Bishopricke 84 Bishops their Royalties 83.6 Durham Citie a Bishops See Ibid. A Countie Palatine Ibid E Eadesburg where now the Chamber in the Forrest 73.7 King Eadgars triumph at Chester ibid. Ealdermen who in times past 4.7 East-England 4.11 East-Riding how bounded 81 East-Riding how seated 77.4 The aire soile and commodities 81.2 3 In East-Riding what Hundreds and Townes 82 Edelâ—fleda built Glocester Church 47.7 Edel-fleda beneficiall to Leicester 61.6 Edith a Saint 45.7 Edmund Earle of Richmond father to King
111.5 Lichfield Citie why so called 69.8 Lichfield Armes ibid. An Archiepiscopall See ibid. 6.8 What Bishops subject to it 6.8 The Minster built and new reared by whom ibid. Limericke the principall Citie in Mounster 139.6 An Episcopall See ibid. By whom possessed ibid. Fortified by whom ibid. The position thereof ibid. Lieutenant in every Countie called Custos or Earle 4.11 Lin. See Lenn Lincoln-shire how bounded 63.1 The dimension and ayre of it 63.2 Forme thereof 63.4 Full of Fish and Fowle 63.5 Other commodities thereof 63.6 Hundreds Wapentakes and Townes therein 64 Lincolne Citie what names it hath 63.8 How ancient and populous ibid. How governed ibid. The position and situation of it ibid. Full of Religious Houses 63.9 How divided 63.10 Lindisfarne Island why called the Holy Island 93.1 How it is situate ibid. The forme and dimension thereof 93.2 The Ayre and soyle of it 93.3 4 In it an Episcopall See 93.6 Lindsey a third part of Lincolne shire 63.10 Llinsavathan a strange Meere neere to Brecknock towne 109.4 Supposed to be Loventrium ibid. Liquorice growing at Workesop 65.4 Lithancraces 89.6 Little Chester in Darby-shire a Colony of Romans 67.6 Load-stone in Devon-shire 195 Longovicum See Lancaster Loughburrough 61.7 Lough-Lomund in Scotland most raging in calmest weather 132.15 Lhoyger i. England how it is bounded 99.1 Luceni ancient people in Ireland where planted 139 4 Lutterworth 61.7 London what names it had 29.7 Walled by Constantine the great ibid. London-stone a Mile-mark ibid. Churches therein ibid. Wards thereof ibid. How governed ibid. An Arch-bishops See 6.5 Made subject to Canterbury ibid. In what graduation 29 8 London-Bridge ibid. M Madagascar an Island 12 Madning-Money whence so called 41.8 Magi. See Radnor Towne 111.6 Magintum now Dunstable a Roman Station 41.4 Magnus sonne of Olave King of Man 92.14 His death and buriall 92 15 Maiatae 2.12 Maiden Castle neere Dorcester 17.5 Maiden Castle 79.7 Main-Amber a strange rock 21.9 Maio Countie what Commodities it yeeldeth 143 4 Malden in Essex the byall seat of King Kunobelin 31 8 Malmesburie Monastâ—e whence it tooke name 25 8 William of Malmesburiâ— Chronicler â—bid Malverne hills and the amirable ditch there 1.6 Man Isle granted to Fury Percy Earle of Northunerland 9â—7 Granted to the Stanlei and Earles of Darby Iâ—id What names it hath 91 1 How bounded â—â—id The forme and dimenâ—â—on 9.2 The ayre 9.3 The soile 9.4 The Commodities 94 5 How it is fortified ibâ—d The Inhabitants Religiouâ— 9â—6 Malefactors there how excuted ibâ—â— Castles Townes Parishe and Villages there 9 â— Chronicles of the Isle 9 Manchester in Lanca-shire 75. â— Mancunium See Manchester Manures where they inhabited 13. â— March Crosse upon Stanemoore 6 1â— March stone-Crosse upon Frith-bridge 6 â— March what Countrey 9â— Markeley Hill removed 4â—â— Marquesite stones where found 81.6 Marsland part of Norfolke 35.2 Mary Queene of Scotland where enterred 55.7 Mathravall i. Powis land 99 â—2 Maudbury a Trench 17.5 Meden and Medena 15.7 Medway a famous River in Kent 7 5 Melburne in Darby-sâ—ire famous for the Captivâ—tie of Iohn Duke of Burboâ— 67 7 Melitus Bishop of London 6 5 Menâ—pii people of Ireland 141.4 Menevia an Archbishops See 6.6 Called now Saint Davids ibid. What Suffragan Bishops it had ibid. Made subject to Canterbury ibid. Merchenlage 5.3 Merchet of Women 132 18 Mercia 4.11 Mercian Law 48 Merioneth-shire how â—ounded 99.10 117.1 Cantreves and Commots therein 99.10 The forme aire and soile of it 117.2 Full of spired and clustred hills 117.2 Hundreds and Townes in it 118 Merlin Silvester a Wizard 193.6 Borne in Caermarden Ibid His Prophecy of the Welshmens subjection 107 4 Merton in Surrey where King Kenulphe dyed 11.6 Metheglin what drinke 121 5 Metropolitanes in England two 5.4 In ancient time three 6 5 Mice in Essex spoile cattell and grasse 3.6 Saint Michaell in the â—ale 94 7 Michaell Ioseph overthrowne upon black-heath 7 10 Middlesex why so called and how it is bounded 29 1 The measure of it 29.2 The forme aire and soile thereof 29.3 The situation of it 29.4 What ancient Inhabitants 29 5 Hundreds and Townes 30 Middleton Monastery built in Dorset shire 17.7 Milesius his foure son come into Ireland 138.11 Milford haven 101.5 Milfrid a petty King bâ—lt Hereford Cathedrall Chuâ—ch 49 5 Mill-stones and Grinâ—-stones in Anglesey 125 Mindip-hills in Summâ—rset-shire 23.6 Why so called ibid. Minyd Morgan Monâ—ment â—05 8 Moillenlly hill 19.6 Mon i. Anglesey 99.7 Mon Man Cy what iâ— signifieth 125 Mona Caesaris i. the â—â—e of Man See Map of Mâ—n Monkes swarmed in Esâ—â—x 31 9 Monmouthshire part of â—ales now laid to England 100 2 How it is bound 107 1 The forme ayre and 〈◊〉 of it 107. 3 By whom inhabited iâ— old time â—07 4 Hundreds Townes aâ—d Rivers therein 108 Monmouth Towne wereof it tooke name 107.1 Their Castle the Birâ—â—place of King Henry thâ— fifth 107.4 The Towne how seaâ—ed Ibid How governed ibid. The position thereof ibid. Religious houses theâ—ein Ibid William Montacute Earle of Salisbury wrestetâ— Man-Isle out of the Scots hand 92.17 Selleth it and the Crowne thereof to William Scroop ibid. Montgomery-shire how bounded 115.1 The forme and soile of it 115.2 Their horses 115.4 Ancient Inhabitants 115.5 Mountgomery towne and Castle 115.5 The position of it ibid. It giveth title of an Earldome ibid. Hundreds and Townes there 116 Moores in Westmoreland 85 4 Mortimers hole 65.6 Motingham in Kent where the ground sunke 7.6 Mounster what names it beareth 139.1 How it is bounded ibid. The dimension thereof 139 2 The forme aire and soile 139.3 How divided 139.4 11 West-Mounster and South-Mounster how in old time inhabited 139.4 The Commodities of Mounster 139.5 Mounster addicted to superstitious vanities 139.8 Much wasted by Rebellions 139.9 Visited with sundry calamities of dearth 139 10 What Religious places there 139.11 How governed ibid. Murchard O Brien King of Ireland 92.2 Mussold or Mossewold heath 35.5 N Nagnatae what people in Ireland 143.5 Needles certaine Rocks 15 9 Nemethus and his four sonnes arrive in Ireland 137 9 Saint Neotus a Monke of Glastenbury 58.10 Saint Neots or Needes Priorie 58.10 Nessa a Lough in Scotland never freezeth in Winter 132 15 Nevils Crosse battell In the Map of Durham Bishop-ricke New-castle upon Tine 89.7 Whence so named 89.8 Called Monke-chester 89 7 A Countie and Corporation of it selfe 89.8 The graduation thereof ibid. New-forrest in Hant-shire fatall to William the Conquerour his Progenie 13.7 New-Market-heath 37.7 Newnham Regis medicinable waters 53 Newport in the Isle of Wight 15.7 Made a Corporation and Maior-towne ibid. Ninian converted the South-Picts to Christianitie 132 13 Normans-Crosse Hundred in Huntingdon-shire whence it tooke name 58.8 Northampton-shire how bounded 55.1 The forme and dimension thereof 55.2 By whom inhabited in old time 55.4 The commodities of it 55 5 Hundreds and Townes therein 56 Northampton Towne described 55.6 The dimension thereof ibid. How governed ibid. Norfolke an Island 35.1 How bounded
Morston Seray Mote Ayles Motingham Sutton Munchelsey Ayles Munford Seray Muttenden Ayles Mylhall Ayles N Nackington August Nash Seray Nash court August Sharpe Nasse Seray Shire Nasse Seray Peper Nasse August Swale Nasse Seray White Nasse August Faire Nasse August Shell Nasse August Natington August Nayland poynt August Nettlested Ayles Nethercourt August Nevenham August Newbridge Seray New church Shep. New eye Flu Shep. Newenden Seray Newenton Seray New haven August Newington Shep. Newâ—nham Seray Newhyth Ayles S. Nicholas August S. Nicholas at wood Aug. S. Nicholas Shep. Nokholt Sutton Noninton August Norborne August North forland August Norton Seray Nowre-heade Seray Nutsted Ayles O Oâ—sam Ayles Old wives lease Seray Ollantigh Seray Organsweke Shep. Orlaston Shep. Orlaston Shep. Orpinton Sutton Orpinton Seray Ospringe Seray Oslen hanger Shep. Otham Ayles Otham Abbey Ayles Otteford Sutton Otterdon Seray Otteringden Ayles Overland August Oure Seray Outmeston August Oxney Island Seray Oxney August Oxenhoath Ayles P Paddlesworth Shep. Paddlesworth Ayles Palmers bay August Panscray Sutton Patriksborne August Pecham East Ayles Pecham West Ayles Pedelsworth Ayle Pensherst Sutton Pepenbury Ayles Pipingley Ayles Pery Shep. Pet Seray S. Peters August Petham August Pevinton Seray Pierling Ayles Pluckley Seray Plumsted Sutton Popeshall August Postling Shep. Preston August Preston Seray Preston Ayles Priory Sheâ— Q Queenborow Seray Quekes August R Radignudes August Ramesgate August Raynam Seray Raveâ—borne Flu. Reculver August Reding Seray Rever August Richborow August Ridley Sutton Rieâ—sh Ayles Ringleton August Ripplel August Rivers August River-hill Ayles ROCHESTER Ayles Rockins staires August Rodmersham Seray Royden-hall Ayles Royton Seray Roking Shep. Rolling August Rolvinden Seray Romden Seray ROMNEY Shep. Romneyold Shep. Rookesley Sutton Rotheâ— Flu. Rucking Shep. Ruguâ—ethill Ayles Rusborne August Ryde Seray S All Saints August Saltwood Shep. Sandherst Seray Sandhill Seray Sandowne August Sandpit Seray SANDWICH Aug. Sargate Shep. Sard Seray Scadbery Sutton Scadbury Ayles Scale Sutton Scelling Shep. Scorney Seray Scots-hill Shep. Scabrooke Flu Shep. Scale Sutton Seasalter August Sednor Seray Selling Seray Sellingder Shep. SEVENOKE Sutton Sevington Seray Sewards Seray Shaddockherst Shep. Shaddockherst Seray Shaniford Seray Sharsted Seray Sheyborne ruscall Ayles Shelving August Shelwich Seray Sheppey Island Seray Shere Flu. Shene course Flu Shep. Shiborne Ayles Shepway crosse Shep. Shâ—d Flu. Sholden August 1. Shorland Seray 2. Shorland Seray Shone Ayles Shoram Sutton Shooters-Hill Shotenden Seray Shurte August Sibertswood August Sidbrooke Flu Shep. Sissingherst Seray SITI INBORNE Seray Sittinborne little Seray Smalbrooke Flu. Ayles Smalhead August Smalhythe Seray Smarden Seray 〈◊〉 Shep. Snagat Shep. Snave Shep. Snotheland Ayles Secombe Seray Southe Ayles Spelherst Ayles Spelmendon Ayles Spetingbrooke Flu Shep. Spilspill Seray Stallisfield Seray Stanford Shep. Stanford Seray Stanstead Ayles Stanstead Shep. Staple August Staplegate August Stapâ—therst Seray Stare August Starborow Sutton Stelling Shep. S. Stephens August Stitcbridge Ayles Storke Ayles Stodmaish August Stoke Ayles Stoakbury Ayles Stoakbeâ—y Seray Stone Sutton Stone Ayles Stone Shep. Stone-end Shep. Holine Stone Shep. Stone Seray Stone-bay August Stoner August Stoningley Ayles Stowmaish August Stowre Flu. Stouring Shep. Stroud Ayles Sturrey August Sturmouth August Sturtmarsh Seray Stutstall Shep. Sundrich Sutton Surrenden Seray Sutton August Sutton at bone Sutton Sutton East Ayles Sutton valance Ayles Swalecliffe August The East Swale Aug. Swanscombe Sutten Swingfield Shep. T Tannington August Taperegge Ayles Tenham Seray Tenterden Seray Teston Ayles Thanet Isle August Themote Ayles Thorneham Ayles Throwley Seray Tilmaston Seray Tilmeston August Tokingham Seray Tong Seray Torne Ayles Towne Seray Tremworth Seray Trottischise Ayles Tudesey Ayles Tudenham Seray TUNBRIDGE Ayles Tunford August Tunstall Seray Tutsham Ayles Turvey stayies August Twydall Ayles Twidley Ayles Twyford bridge Ayles The Twist Ayles Twytham August V Uddenham bridge Seray Vintners Ayles Ulcombe Seray Ulcombe Ayles Upchurch Seray Upnor Ayles W Watchorne Shep. Waldershare August Wallingford course Flu. Walmer August Waltham Shep. Waltham August Wantsume Flu. S. Warburg alias Hoo. Ayl Warddon Seray Warchorne Seray Watringbury Ayles Wayeâ—-end Shep. East Weare Shep. Weeke Ayles Well August Well-place Sutton Welles Seray Wellstreat Sutton Westhere August Westcliffe August West-court August West-gate August Westenhanger Shep. Westheath Shep. Westram Sutton Westre Ayles Westwell Seray Whetsted Ayles Whitestable August Whoornes place Ayles Witcheling Ayles Wickham East Sutton Wickham West Sutton Wickham brux August Wideâ—ton August Wigmeâ—e August Wigsell Seray Willesbrough Seray Wilmington Seray Wilmington Sutton Wimingswold August Wingham August Witham Ayles Witrap Shep. Wittresham Shep. Witrisham Seray Woldham Ayles Wolwich Sutton Wood August Woodchurch Seray Woodfalls Ayles Woodland Sutton Woodnesborow August Wotton August Woâ—th August Wormshâ—ll Ayles WROTHAM Ayles WYâ— Seray Wye Court Y Yaldam Ayles Yalding Ayles Yotes Ayles SVTH-SEX a word compounded of the side thereof Southward and of the Saxons whose Kingdome was the second in their Heptarchie is written by them Suðex and by us Sussex lieth stretched along the Brittish Seas The North confronts upon Surrey and Kent and the West butteth upon Hampshire 2 For forme it lieth long and narrow so that all her Rapes doe run quite thorow the Shire and containeth from Westbarting in the West to Kent ditch that divides it from Kent in the East sixtie foure Miles but in the broadest part little above twentie the whole in Circumference about one hundred fiftie eight Miles 3 The Aire is good though somwhat clouded with mists which arise from her South bordering Sea who is very prodigall unto her for Fish and Sea-fowle though as sparing for Harbours or Ships arrivage and those which she hath as uncertaine for continuance as dangerous for entrance 4 Rich is the Soile and yeeldeth great plentie of all things necessary but very ill for travellers especially in the winter the land lying low and the wayes very deepe whose middle tract is garnished with Meadows Pastures and Corn-fields the Sea-Coast with Hills which are called the Downs abundantly yeelding both Graine and Grasse and the North side overshadowed with pleasant Groves and thicke Woods where sometimes stood the famous Wood Andradswald containing no lesse then an hundred and twentie Miles in length and thirtie in bredth taking the name of Anderida a Citie adjoyning both which were won from the Britaine 's by Ella the first Saxon King of this Province and the place made fatall to Sigebert King of the West-Saxons who being deposed from his Royall Throne was met in this Wood by a Swine-herd and slaine in revenge of his Lord whom Sigebert had murdered 5 The ancient people in the Romans time were the Regni of whom we have spoken and who were subdued by Vespasian the Leader of the second Legion under Aulus Plautius Lieutenant in Britaine for Claudius the Emperour But after the departure of the Romans this with Surrey was made the South-Saxons Kingdom yet that giving place to the West-Saxons as they in time to the Normans it became a Province under the Conquerours power who gave to his followers much land in these parts
6 The place of most account in this Shire is Chichester by the Britaine 's called Caercei and by the Saxons Cissan-Ceasr a Citie beautifull and large and very well walled about first built by Cissa the second King of the South-Saxons wherein his Royall Palace was kept And when K. William the first had enacted that Bishops Seas should be translated out of small Townes unto places of greater resort the Residence of the Bishop untill then held at Selsey was removed to this Citie where Bishop Raulfe began a most goodly Cathedrall Church but before it was fully finished by a sudden mischance of fire was quite consumed Yet the same Bishop with the helping liberalitie of King Henry the first began it again and saw it wholly finished whose beauty and greatnes her fatall enemy still envying againe cast downe in the dayes of King Richard the first and by her raging flames consumed the buildings both of it and the Bishops Palace adjoyning which Seffrid the second Bishop of that name reedified and built anew And now to augment the honour of this place the Citie hath born the Title of an Earldome whereof they of Arundell were sometimes so stiled Whose Graduation for Latitude is removed from the Equator unto the degree fiftie fiftie five minutes and for Longitude observing the same point in the West whence Mercator hath measured are twentie degrees 7 With whom for frequencie bignesse and building the Towne Lewes seemeth to contend where King Athelstan appointed the mintage of his Moneyes and William de Warron built a strong Castle whereunto the disloyall Barons of King Henry the third in warlike manner resorted and fought a great Battle against their own Soveraigne and his sonne wherein the King had his horse slaine under him Richard King of the Romans surprized and taken in a Wind-mill and Prince Edward delivered unto them upon unequall conditions of Peace But a greater Battle was fought at Battle when the hazard of England was tried in one dayes sight and Harold the King gave place to his Conquerour by losing of his life among sixtie seven thousand nine hundred seventie foure Englishmen besides whose blood so spilt gave name to the place in French Sanguelac And the soyle naturally after raine becomming of a reddish colour caused William of Newbery untruly to write That if there fell any small sweet showers in the place where so great a slaughter of the Englishmen was made presently sweateth forth very fresh blood out of the carth as if the evidence thereof did plainely declare the voice of blood there shed and cryed still from the earth unto the Lord. 8 But places of other note in this Shire are these From Basham Earle Harold taking the Sea for his delight in a small boat was driven upon the coast of Normandie where by Duke William he was retained till he had sworne to make him King after Edward Confessors death which oath being broken the Bastard arrived at Pensey and with his sword revenged that Periurie At West-Wittering also Ella the Saxon before him had landed for the conquering of those parts and gave name to the shore from Cimen his son But with greater glory doth Gromebridge raise up her head where Charles Duke of Orleance father to Lewes the twelfth King of France taken prisoner at Agincourt was there a long time detained 9 The commodities of this Province are many and divers both in Corn Cattell Woods Iron Glasse which two last as they bring great gaine to their Possessors so doe they impoverish the Countie of Woods whose want will be found in ages to come if not at this present in some sort felt 10 Great have been the devotions of Religious persons in building and consecrating many houses unto the use and only service of Christ whose Bead men abusing the intents of their Founders have caused those foundations to lament their own ruines for in the tempestuous time of King Henry the Eight eighteene of them in this Countie were blowne down whose fruit fell into the lappes of some that never meant to restore them again to the like use This Country is principally divided into six Rapes every of them containing a River a Castle and Forrest in themselves besides the severall Hundreds whereunto they are parted that is the Rape of Chichester into seven of Arundell into five of Bramber into ten of Lewes into thirteene of Peuensey into seventeene and of Haslings into thirteene in all fiftie six wherein are seated ten Castles eighteene market Towns and three hundred and twelve Parish Churches as in the Table following appeareth SUSSEX Described and divided into Rapes with the fiâ—sation of Chichester the cheife citie thereof And the armes of such Nobles as have bene dignified with the title of Earles since the conquest and other accidents therein observed Hundreds and Rapes in SVSSEX Chichester Rape 〈…〉 hund 〈…〉 hund Dump or hund 〈…〉 Manbou◠〈◊〉 Bex and 〈…〉 hundred Alâ—weck hund Arundel Rape West A 〈…〉 Botherbridge 〈◊〉 Pâ—ling 〈◊〉 〈…〉 Bary 〈◊〉 Bramber Rape West 〈◊〉 hund 〈…〉 hund 〈◊〉 hund 〈◊〉 hund 〈…〉 〈…〉 Fisheâ—gatâ— hund Tipnoke hund 〈…〉 hund Sâ—ingleâ—â—â—sse hund Lewes Rape Barkâ—â—â— and Hamsey 〈◊〉 S 〈…〉 H 〈…〉 I 〈…〉 U 〈…〉 H 〈…〉 F 〈…〉 P 〈…〉 Battinghill North hund Battinghill South hund Wyncham hund 〈◊〉 North part Streat South part Peuensey Rape East griâ—â—teâ— hund H 〈◊〉 hund Rutherfield hund Foxâ—â—ald Kings hund Tinfield and Bucklie hun Ringomer hund Iâ—field hund Rushmonden hund Danchill horsteâ— hund Danchill Sheffeild hund Sheplake hund Dill hund Longbriâ—ge hund Willington hund Eastborne hund Alsiston hund Flexborow hund Hastings Rape Foxenall hund Dâ—nill hund Shewswell hund Goldespure hund Staple hund Hanksborough hund Nethersfeild hund Boxhill hund Baâ—sloc hund Gestling hund Gostrowe hund Nenvill hund Henhurst hund A ADrington Arund Alberton Bramb Alborne Bramb Adingborone Chich. Adrington â—ewes Almanington Chich. Aldfrisian Pâ—uâ—n Alsiston Peuen Amberlie Arund Amersham Chich. Angleton Lewes Angmering West Arund Angmering East Arund Angton Arund Anstye Lewes Apoledrum Chich. Apslâ—y Bramb Ardingleigh Lexes Arundell forrest Arund ARVNDEL Arund Arundel flu Ashburnham Hast. Ashefeuld Arund Athurst Bramb Assington bramb Aylworth chich B Badwâ—rth parke Arun. Balcombe Lâ—wâ—â— Balesdâ—ane lewes Balteslow Beacon hast Barcombe lewes Barlavington arund Barlugh archeâ— lewes Barnham arund BATTLE hast Bayles Court arund The Beach peuen. Beawbush bramb Beckley hast Bedingham peuen. Bedingstreat bramb Bentley peuen. Bepton Chich. Bersted South chich Bersted North chich Berwyke peuen. Bexill hast Bidlington bramb Bigmoâ—e arund Bignor arund Billinghurst arund Bilson arund Binderton chich Binsted arund Bishophurst bramb Blackdow Beacon chich Blackhouse peuen. Blackston bramb Bletchington lewes Bletchington peuen. Bogner â—ocks chich Bodgiham hast Bolbroke peuen. Bolney leâ—es Bonyâ—k bramb Borcham Chappâ—ll hast Bormer lewes Borsill hast Borstye lewes Boscham chich Bosgravâ— chich Bowes bramb Bowley chich Bramber bramb Bramble peuen. Brantsnap lewes Breed
hils drawne by Gilbert Clare Earle of Glocester to divide his lands from the Church of VVorcester the Saxons Augustynes-ace our Augustines Oke where he the English Apostle met with the British Bishops for the uniforme celebration of Easter from whence both parts departed with discontented mindes after many hot words and thwarting disputes 7 Neither is it without admiration to me that many places of this Shire lye farre within the Precincts of other Provinces as Auston Washbornes Cuttesden Paxford Hanging-Easton Northwicke Blockley Eurlode in Glocester-shire and Goldcote Aldermerston Newbold Treddenton Armiscote Blackwell Darlings-cote Shipton Tydminton Olbarrow in Warwick shire Dudley in Stafford-shire and Rochford in Hereford-shire whither I must referre the Reader to finde out these and the like in these Westerne Tracts 8 Religious places erected in this Shire and devoted unto God by devout persons were Bredon Brodlege Eutsholme Alnecester Cochell Fladbury Malverin Pershore Stodleg Westwoods and Worcester plenteously provided for and further secured by many priviledges both which they abused as were the inditements of all such in the dayes of King Henry the Eight at whose Barre himselfe being Judge they were found guilty and received sentence of their ends and destruction 9 Castles for defence built in this County ruinate or in strength were Hartlebury Holt Handlâ—â— Norton Elmeley and Worcester besides his Majesties Manour of Tichnell 10 This Shires division is into seven Hundreds wherein are seated ten Market-Towns and one hundred fiftie two Parish Churches as in the Table following is expressed WORCESTER SHIRE Described HUNDREDS IN Worcester-shire 1. HAlfe-shire Hund. 2. Doddington Hun. 3. Worcester Limits 4. Parshor Hund. 5. Blâ—kenhurst Hund. 6. Oswalderstowe Hund. 7. Upton Limits A Aberly Dodding Aberley hill Dod. Abberton Parsh Acton Beacham Wor. Aldermerston Parsh Aldington Blak Alechurch Blak Allchurch Wor. Alton Dod. Arelee nether Dod. Armiscott Oswald Arrowe Flu. Astley Dod. Aston great Oswald Aulston Oswald Ausricke Wor. B Badsey Blak Balton hall parke Wor. Barrowe Vpton Batten hall Wor. Bayton Dod. BEAWDLEY Dod. Belbroughton Half Bell I inn Hâ—lf Bengeworth Blak Bentley pantefore Half Beâ—rington Dod. Besford Parsh Beuley Wor. Birlingham Parsh Bishampton Osw. Blackmore Vpton Blackwell Osw. Blocklie home Osw. Blocklie Osw. Blockleton Dod. Chenchill Bradicott Wor. Bradlie Osw. Braughton Parsh Braunsford Wor. Breedon Osw. Breedon hill Osw. Bretforton Blak Bricklehampton Parsh Brodwas Wor. Brodwey Parsh Brome part of Staff Half BROMâ—SGROVE Half Bursley Wor. Bushley Vpton C Chaddesike Half Chadsley Half Canderton Osw. Chatleton Osw. Chattisley Vpton Church hill Half Claynch Wor. Cleave priors Osw. Clent part of Staff Half Clent hill part of Staff Half Cleve Blak Clevelod Vpton Clyfton upon Temde Dod. Comberton great Parsh Comberton litle Parsh Coston Half Cotheridge Wor. Cottenden Wor. Cowley Wor. Cradley Half Crome hill Vpton Crome Earles Vpton Crome younges Vpton Cropthorne Osw. Crowle Half Crowle Wor. Cuttesden Wor. Cudsoim Osw. Cuntswicke Dod. D Dailesford Osw. Darlingscott Osw. Defford Parsh Dichford higher Osw. Dichford middle Osw. Dodenham Dod. Doderhill Half Dormeston Parsh Doverdale Half Draicote Osw. DRAITWICHE Half Drove Osw. Dubbicott Vpton Dudley Half Dunklyn Half E Eastham Dod. Eckinton Parsh Eldâ—esfeild Vpton Ely part of Shrop-shire Half Elmbridge Half Elmeley lovet Half Elmlie Castle Osw. Emloade Osw. Estingten Vpton EVESHOLME Blak F Feckenham forrest Wor. Fecknam home Half Fladbury Osw. Flawell flyford Parsh Frankley Half G Goldcote parke Blak Grafton Half Grafton slyford Parsh Grimley Wor. H Hadsor Half Hagley Half Hallow Wor. Hales owen part of Shrop-shire Wor. Hampton lovet Half Hampton little Blak Hampton great Blak Hadbury Wor. Hanging Easton Osw. Hanley childes Dod. Hanley williams Dod. Hanley Castle Vpton Hardington Wor. Harkett Parsh Harkett Half Hartelbury Castle Wor. Harrington Osw. Heightington Dod. Henlip Wor. Hewell grange Parsh Himbleton Wor. Hobb lench Osw. Holme Dod. Holt Wor. Holtfast Vpton Church Honiboure Blak Hill Osw. Hyndlipp Wor. Hynton Osw. I Icambe Osw. Inckbarrowe Osw. S. Iohns in Bedwarden Wor. K Kemsey Wor. Kengwick Wor. Keyshend Vpton KIDDERMINSTER Half S. Kellams part of Shrop-shire Half Kidderminster forren Half Kingford Half Kings Norton Half Kington Half Knighton Dod. Kokesey Half Kyar little Dod. Kyar warde Dod. Kyneton Osw. L Church Lench Half Lench rouse Osw. Lenche atche Blak Lenche shrives Blak Lenche wicke Blak Lickey beacon Half Leigh Wor. Lindridge Dod. Littleton north Blak Littleton south Blak Littleton middle Blak Longdon Vpton Logdon Osw. Ludley Half Lulsey VVor. Lindon Dod. Lye VVor. M Madresfeild Vpton Malverne chase Vpton Malverne little Vpton Malverne great Vpton Mamble Dod. Martley Dod. Marten hongtree VVor. Mathon VVor. S. Michaels in Bedwarden VVor. Mitton Dod. Mitton Osw. Moore Osw. More Dod. Moreton Osw. Castle Morton Vpton Birch Morton Vpton Morton abbats Blak Mousley VVor. Mitton Half N Naunton beaucham Parsh Netherton Osw. Newbold Osw. Newland Wor. Northfeild Half Northwicke Osw. Northwood Dod. Norton Blak Norton Osw. Norton wood VVor. O Odingley Wor. Offenton Blak Oldswinford Half Ombersley VVor. Orlton Dod. Overbury Osw. Overburgh Osw. Overley Dod. Overton Osw. Overton Half P PARSHOR S CRVCE Parsh Parshor Saint Andrew Parsh Paxford Osw. Pedmore Half Pendock Vpton Pensham Parsh Pepoleton Parsh S. Peters Half Pidle Osw. Pidle north Parsh Pindsen Parsh Pirton Parsh Poicke Wor. Poole Vpton Q Queene hill Vpton R Rea Flu. Reddiche tarbig Half Redston passage Dod. Roche Dod. Russhock Half Russels Half Rybbesford Dod. Rydmerley Vpton Rydmerley Oliphers Dod. Rydmerley Adams Dod. Rypple Vpton S Salwarpe Half Salwarpe Flu. Sedgebarrow Osw. Severne Flu. Shraley Dod. Shelsey Kings Dod. Shelsey beaucham Dod. SHIPTON upon STOWER Osw. Sneade Dod. Speachley Wor. Stanford Dod. Staunton Vpton Stildon Dod. Stocke Osw. Stokton Dod. Stoke Wor. Stoke prioris Wor. Stoke Severne Wor. Stome Half Storton Dod. Stoulton Wor. Strensham Parsh STVRBRIDGE Half Suckley Wor. Sudbury Wor. Sutton sturmy Dod. T Tardbick Half Tenbury Dod. Tichnell Dod. Tidmington Osw. Throckmorton Osw. Totenham Wor. Tredington home Osw. Tybberton Wor. V Vffenham Blak Vpton warren Half Vpton snodesburie Parsh VPTON upon SEVERNE Vpton W Walcot Parsh Wallashull Parsh Wandon Wor. Wareley Half Warrenton Wor. Washbornes Osw. Welland Vpton Whitborne Wor. Whitlady aston VVor. Whittington Wor. Wichbold Half Wichenford Wor. Wicke Parsh Wicke VVor. Wickansord Blak Widverton Wor. Wire forrest Dod. Wier Osw. Witeley great Dod. Witeley little VVor. Withon Chappell VVor. Wolbarrowe VVor. Wolkershill Osw. Woluley VVor. North Wood Dod. Woodberry hill Dod. WORCESTER Wor. Y Yardley Wor. WARVVICK-SHIRE so called from her Shire-towne is bounded upon the North with the Countie of Stafford upon the East with Watling-street-way is parted from Leicester-shire and the rest bordered upon by North-hampton-shire the South part is butted by Oxford and Glocester-shires and all her West with the County of Worcester 2 The forme thereof is not much unlike to a Scallop-shell growing from her Western-head and spreading her body wider with many indents The length thereof from Newton in the North