executor_n except_o it_o be_v leave_v full_o and_o absolute_o to_o the_o executor_n to_o dispose_v and_o put_v out_o money_n at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o executor_n for_o the_o profit_n and_o loss_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o orphan_n and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o leave_v to_o the_o exccutors_n discretion_n they_o may_v improve_v the_o money_n leave_v they_o in_o trade_n or_o purchase_v of_o land_n and_o lease_n as_o well_o as_o by_o interest_n or_o when_o not_o the_o damage_n such_o heir_n and_o orphan_n will_v sustain_v in_o their_o minority_n be_v but_o two_o per_fw-la cent_n be_v inconsiderable_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o great_a advantage_n will_v accrue_v to_o the_o nation_n in_o generel_n by_o such_o abatement_n of_o â—nterest_n beside_o when_o such_o a_o law_n be_v make_v and_o in_o use_n all_o man_n will_v so_o take_v care_n in_o their_o life_n to_o provide_v for_o and_o educate_v their_o child_n and_o instruct_v their_o wife_n as_o that_o no_o prejudice_n can_v happen_v thereby_o as_o we_o see_v there_o do_v not_o in_o holland_n and_o italy_n and_o other_o place_n where_o interest_n be_v so_o low_a have_v now_o offer_v my_o thought_n in_o answer_n to_o the_o aforesaid_a objection_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o that_o we_o inquire_v who_o will_v be_v advantage_v and_o who_o will_v receive_v prejudice_n in_o case_n such_o a_o law_n be_v make_v first_o his_o majesty_n as_o have_v be_v say_v in_o answer_n to_o that_o objection_n will_n when_o he_o have_v occasion_n take_v up_o money_n on_o better_a term_n beside_o which_o he_o will_v receive_v a_o great_a augmentation_n to_o his_o revenue_n thereby_o all_o his_o land_n be_v immediate_o worth_a after_o the_o make_v such_o a_o law_n double_a to_o what_o they_o be_v before_o his_o custom_n will_v be_v much_o increase_v by_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n which_o must_v necessary_o ensue_v upon_o the_o make_v such_o a_o law_n the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n who_o estate_n lie_v most_o in_o land_n may_v present_o upon_o all_o they_o have_v instead_o of_o fifty_o write_v one_o hundred_o the_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n who_o bear_v the_o heat_n and_o burden_n of_o the_o day_n most_o of_o our_o trade_n be_v carry_v on_o by_o young_a man_n that_o take_v up_o money_n at_o interest_n will_v find_v their_o yoke_n sit_v light_a upon_o their_o shoulder_n and_o be_v encourage_v to_o go_v on_o with_o great_a alacrity_n in_o their_o business_n our_o mariner_n shipwright_n porter_n cloathier_n packer_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o labour_a people_n that_o depend_v on_o trade_n will_v be_v more_o constant_o and_o full_o employ_v our_o farmer_n sell_v the_o product_n of_o their_o land_n at_o better_a rate_n and_o whereas_o our_o neighbour_n the_o netherlander_n who_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o largeness_n of_o their_o stock_n and_o experience_n the_o son_n continual_o succeed_v the_o father_n in_o trade_n to_o many_o generation_n we_o may_v not_o unfit_o in_o this_o case_n term_v son_n of_o anach_n and_o man_n of_o renown_n against_o who_o we_o sight_n dwarf_n and_o pigmy_n in_o stock_n and_o experience_n be_v young_a brother_n of_o gentleman_n that_o seldom_o have_v above_o one_o thousand_o â—ounds_n sometime_o not_o two_o hundred_o to_o begin_v the_o world_n with_o instead_o i_o say_v of_o such_o young_a man_n and_o small_a stock_n if_o this_o law_n pass_v we_o shall_v bring_v forth_o out_o sampson_n and_o goliahs_n in_o stock_n subtlety_n and_o experience_n in_o trade_n to_o cope_v with_o our_o potent_a adversary_n on_o the_o other_o side_n there_o be_v to_o every_o man_n knowledge_n that_o understand_v the_o exchange_n of_o london_n divers_a english_a merchant_n of_o large_a estate_n which_o have_v not_o much_o past_a their_o middle-age_n and_o yet_o have_v whole_o leave_v off_o their_o trade_n have_v find_v the_o sweetness_n of_o interest_n which_o if_o that_o shall_v abate_v must_v again_o set_v their_o hand_n to_o the_o plough_n which_o they_o be_v as_o able_a to_o hold_v and_o govern_v now_o as_o ever_o and_o also_o will_v engage_v they_o to_o train_v up_o their_o son_n in_o the_o same_o way_n because_o it_o will_v not_o be_v so_o easy_a to_o make_v they_o country-gentleman_n as_o now_o it_o be_v when_o land_n sell_v at_o thirty_o or_o forty_o year_n purchase_n for_o the_o sufferer_n by_o such_o a_o law_n i_o know_v none_o but_o idle_a person_n that_o live_v at_o as_o little_a expense_n as_o labour_n neither_o scatter_v by_o their_o expense_n so_o as_o the_o poor_a may_v glean_v any_o thing_n after_o they_o nor_o work_v with_o their_o hand_n or_o head_n to_o bring_v either_o wax_n or_o honey_n to_o the_o common_a hive_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o swell_v their_o own_o purse_n by_o the_o sweat_n of_o other_o man_n brow_n and_o the_o contrivance_n of_o other_o man_n brain_n and_o how_o unprofitable_a it_o be_v for_o any_o nation_n to_o suffer_v idleness_n to_o suck_v the_o breast_n of_o industry_n needs_o no_o demonstration_n and_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v i_o that_o these_o will_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o abatement_n of_o interest_n than_o i_o think_v it_o be_v out_o of_o doubt_n that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n do_v tend_v to_o the_o enrich_v of_o a_o nation_n and_o consequent_o have_v be_v one_o great_a cause_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o dutch_a and_o italian_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o our_o own_o kingdom_n in_o these_o last_o fifty_o year_n another_o argument_n to_o prove_v which_o we_o may_v draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o interest_n itself_o which_o be_v of_o so_o prodigious_a a_o multiply_v nature_n that_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n make_v the_o lender_n monstrous_a rich_a if_o they_o live_v at_o any_o moderate_a expense_n and_o the_o borrower_n extreme_a poor_a a_o memorial_n instance_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o old_a audley_n decease_v who_o do_v wise_o observe_v that_o one_o hundred_o pound_n only_o put_v out_o at_o interest_n at_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_n do_v in_o seventy_o year_n which_o be_v but_o the_o age_n of_o a_o man_n increase_v to_o above_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n and_o if_o the_o advantage_n be_v so_o great_a to_o the_o lender_n the_o loss_n must_v be_v great_a to_o the_o borrower_n who_o as_o have_v be_v say_v live_v at_o a_o much_o large_a expense_n and_o as_o it_o be_v between_o private_a person_n so_o between_o nation_n and_o nation_n that_o have_v communication_n one_o with_o another_o for_o whether_o the_o subject_n of_o one_o nation_n lend_v money_n to_o subject_n of_o another_o or_o trade_n with_o they_o for_o good_n the_o effect_n be_v the_o same_o as_o for_o example_n a_o dutch_a merchant_n that_o have_v but_o four_o or_o five_o thousand_o pound_n clear_a stock_n of_o his_o own_o can_v easy_o borrow_v and_o have_v credit_n for_o fifteen_o thousand_o pound_n more_o at_o three_o per_fw-la cent_n at_o home_n with_o which_o whether_o he_o trade_n or_o put_v it_o to_o use_v in_o england_n or_o any_o country_n where_o interest_n of_o money_n be_v high_a he_o must_v necessary_o without_o very_o evil_a accident_n attend_v he_o in_o a_o very_a few_o year_n treble_a his_o own_o capital_a this_o discover_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o the_o sugar-baker_n of_o holland_n can_v afford_v to_o give_v a_o great_a price_n for_o barbadoes_n sugar_n in_o london_n beside_o the_o second_o freight_n and_o charges_n upon_o they_o between_o england_n and_o holland_n and_o yet_o grow_v exceed_o rich_a upon_o their_o trade_n whereas_o our_o sugar-baker_n in_o london_n that_o buy_v sugar_n here_o at_o their_o own_o door_n before_o such_o additional_a freight_n and_o charges_n come_v upon_o they_o can_v scarce_o live_v upon_o their_o calling_n we_o here_o pay_v for_o a_o good_a share_n of_o their_o stock_n six_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o few_o of_o they_o employ_v in_o their_o sugar-work_n above_o six_o to_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n at_o most_o whereas_o in_o holland_n they_o employ_v twenty_o thirty_o to_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n stock_n in_o a_o sugar-house_n pay_v but_o three_o per_fw-la cent_n at_o most_o for_o what_o they_o take_v up_o at_o interest_n to_o fill_v up_o their_o say_a stock_n which_o be_v sometime_o half_a sometime_o three_o quarter_n of_o their_o whole_a stock_n and_o as_o it_o be_v with_o this_o trade_n the_o same_o rule_n hold_v throughout_o all_o other_o trade_n whatsoever_o and_o for_o we_o to_o say_v if_o the_o dutch_a put_v their_o money_n to_o interest_n among_o we_o we_o shall_v have_v the_o advantage_n by_o be_v full_a and_o flush_o of_o coin_n at_o home_n it_o be_v a_o mear_v chimaera_n and_o so_o far_o from_o a_o advantage_n that_o it_o be_v a_o extreme_a loss_n render_v we_o only_o in_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o young_a gallant_a that_o have_v new_o mortgage_v his_o land_n and_o with_o the_o money_n thereby_o raise_v stuff_v his_o pocket_n and_o look_v big_a
not_o the_o â—ffect_n of_o riches_n in_o holland_n they_o may_v take_v as_o much_o vse-money_n as_o they_o can_v get_v there_o be_v no_o law_n against_o it_o i_o answer_v there_o be_v former_o law_n in_o holland_n that_o reduce_v interest_n to_o 8_o and_o 6_o and_o afterward_o to_o 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z anno_fw-la 1640._o and_o since_o in_o the_o year_n 1655._o to_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z the_o placart_n for_o which_o i_o have_v see_v and_o have_v be_v tell_v and_o do_v believe_v they_o have_v since_o reduce_v it_o by_o placart_n to_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_z as_o to_o their_o cantor_n and_o all_o public_a receipt_n which_o in_o holland_n be_v as_o much_o in_o effect_n as_o if_o they_o have_v make_v a_o general_a law_n for_o it_o because_o the_o most_o of_o their_o receipt_n and_o payment_n be_v make_v in_o and_o out_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a public_a office_n or_o else_o into_o and_o out_o of_o their_o bank_n for_o which_o no_o use-money_n be_v allow_v which_o several_a gradual_a and_o successful_a abatement_n of_o interest_n do_v occasion_v their_o riches_n at_o first_o and_o bring_v their_o people_n to_o that_o consistency_n of_o wealth_n that_o they_o have_v since_o wrought_v themselves_o into_o such_o a_o abundance_n that_o there_o be_v more_o lender_n now_o than_a borrower_n and_o so_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v be_v with_o we_o in_o a_o few_o year_n after_o the_o next_o abatement_n of_o interest_n be_v make_v by_o law_n which_o i_o have_v good_a reason_n to_o conclude_v not_o only_o from_o the_o visible_a operation_n of_o nature_n in_o all_o other_o thing_n and_o place_n but_o from_o fact_n and_o experience_n in_o this_o very_a case_n be_v certain_a that_o the_o goldsmith_n in_o london_n can_v have_v what_o money_n they_o will_v upon_o their_o servant_n note_n only_o at_o 4_o l._n and_o 4_o l._n 10_o s._n per_fw-la cent_z before_o the_o late_a emergency_n of_o state_n which_o i_o can_v demonstrate_v have_v very_o much_o obstruct_v the_o natural_a fall_n of_o interest_n with_o we_o something_o more_o i_o have_v say_v in_o answer_n to_o this_o in_o the_o addition_n to_o my_o former_a treatise_n and_o this_o may_v serve_v likewise_o for_o a_o answer_n to_o his_o three_o reason_n four_o he_o say_v that_o which_o i_o must_v prove_v to_o make_v good_a my_o assertion_n be_v that_o any_o country_n in_o the_o world_n from_o a_o poor_a and_o low_a condition_n while_o interest_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z be_v make_v rich_a by_o bring_v it_o to_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z or_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_z by_o a_o law_n i_o answer_v if_o the_o instance_n of_o holland_n and_o italy_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v he_o in_o this_o point_n yet_o that_o have_v prove_v which_o he_o can_v denâ—_n that_o our_o own_o kingdom_n have_v be_v enrich_v consequent_o constant_o and_o proportionable_o to_o and_o after_o our_o several_a abatement_n of_o interest_n by_o law_n from_o a_o unlimited_a rate_n to_o 10_o from_z 10_o to_z 3_o and_z from_z 8_o to_z 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z i_o think_v it_o may_v rational_o be_v conclude_v that_o another_o abatement_n of_o interest_n in_o england_n will_v cause_v a_o further_a increase_n of_o riches_n aâ—_n it_o have_v do_v in_o holland_n from_o italy_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o gain_v a_o certain_a account_n of_o their_o legal_a interest_n but_o be_o advise_v that_o no_o take_n of_o use-money_n be_v allow_v by_o their_o pontificial_a law_n the_o interest_n now_o take_v there_o which_o be_v general_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z be_v do_v only_o by_o dispensation_n of_o pope_n â—aul_v the_o five_o and_o that_o notwithstanding_o no_o man_n can_v recover_v interest_n of_o money_n there_o if_o the_o party_n who_o shall_v pay_v it_o can_v prove_v he_o have_v not_o gain_v the_o value_n of_o the_o interest_n demand_v now_o let_v the_o reader_n judge_n whether_o that_o practice_n of_o holland_n and_o this_o of_o italy_n where_o the_o romish_a churchman_n have_v so_o great_a power_n who_o be_v to_o take_v cognizance_n and_o may_v by_o their_o auricular_a confessor_n of_o all_o offence_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o law_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o money_n in_o those_o country_n be_v fontificial_a do_v not_o amount_v in_o effect_n to_o a_o low_a state_v interest_n by_o law_n in_o england_n but_o to_o deal_v more_o ingenuous_o with_o my_o opposer_n than_o he_o have_v do_v with_o i_o i_o will_v grant_v he_o that_o much_o riches_n will_v occasion_v in_o any_o kingdom_n a_o low_a rate_n of_o interest_n and_o yet_o tâ—at_a do_v not_o hinder_v but_o a_o low_a state_v interest_n by_o law_n may_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o riches_n for_o if_o trade_n be_v that_o which_o enrich_v any_o kingdom_n and_o lower_v of_o interest_n advance_v trade_n which_o i_o think_v be_v sufficient_o prove_v then_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n or_o more_o proper_o restrain_v of_o usury_n which_o the_o ancient_a roman_n and_o all_o other_o wise_a and_o rich_a people_n in_o the_o world_n do_v always_o drive_v at_o be_v doubtless_o a_o primary_n and_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o any_o naâ—ion_n it_o be_v not_o improper_a to_o say_v nor_o absurd_a to_o conceive_v that_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v both_o a_o cause_n and_o a_o effect_n peace_n beget_v plenty_n and_o plenty_n may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o preserve_v peace_n fear_n beget_v hatred_n and_o hatred_n fear_v the_o diligent_a hand_n make_v rich_a and_o riches_n make_v man_n diligent_a so_o true_a be_v the_o proverb_n creseit_n amor_fw-la nummi_fw-la quantum_fw-la ipsa_fw-la pecunia_fw-la erescit_fw-la love_n we_o say_v beget_v love_n the_o fertility_n of_o a_o country_n may_v cause_v the_o increase_n of_o people_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o people_n may_v cause_v the_o further_o and_o great_a fertility_n of_o a_o country_n liberty_n and_o property_n conduce_v to_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n and_o improvement_n of_o any_o country_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n and_o emprovement_n conduce_v to_o the_o procure_n as_o well_o as_o secure_n of_o liberty_n and_o property_n strength_n and_o health_n conduce_v to_o a_o good_a digestion_n and_o a_o good_a digestion_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o health_n and_o increase_n of_o strength_n and_o as_o a_o person_n of_o very_a great_a honour_n pertinent_o instance_a at_o a_o late_a debate_n upon_o this_o question_n a_o egg_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o hen_n and_o a_o hen_n the_o cause_n of_o a_o egg_n the_o incomparable_a lord_n bacon_n in_o his_o history_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o say_v pag._n 245_o of_o that_o prince_n as_o well_o as_o other_o man_n that_o his_o fortune_n work_v upon_o his_o nature_n &_o his_o nature_n upon_o his_o fortune_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o nation_n the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n cause_v a_o increase_n of_o wealth_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o wealth_n may_v cause_v a_o further_a abatement_n of_o interest_n but_o that_o be_v best_a do_v by_o the_o midwifery_n of_o good_a law_n which_o be_v what_o i_o plead_v for_o the_o corrupt_a nature_n of_o man_n be_v more_o apt_a to_o decline_v to_o vice_n then_o incline_v to_o virtue_n folio_n 15._o he_o affirm_v land_n be_v not_o rise_v in_o purchase_n nor_o rent_n improve_v since_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n that_o i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o to_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o gentleman_n who_o be_v the_o owner_n of_o land_n be_v the_o best_a judge_n of_o this_o case_n only_o i_o will_v entreat_v they_o not_o to_o depend_v upon_o their_o memory_n alone_o but_o to_o command_v particular_a account_n to_o be_v give_v they_o what_o sum_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n be_v give_v 40_o or_o 50_o year_n pass_v for_o any_o entire_a farm_n or_o manor_n they_o now_o know_v and_o i_o doubt_v â—ot_n but_o they_o will_v find_v that_o most_o of_o they_o will_v yield_v double_a the_o say_a sum_n of_o money_n now_o notwithstanding_o the_o present_a great_a pressure_n that_o land_n lie_v under_o which_o ought_v mature_o to_o be_v consider_v of_o when_o this_o judgement_n be_v make_v i_o rather_o desire_v the_o enquiry_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o gross_a sum_n of_o money_n pay_v than_o the_o year_n purchase_v as_o be_v less_o fallible_a because_o many_o farm_n have_v be_v of_o late_a year_n so_o rack_v up_o in_o rent_n that_o it_o may_v be_v they_o will_v not_o yield_v more_o year_n purchase_v now_o according_a to_o the_o present_a rent_n than_o they_o will_v many_o year_n past_a and_o yet_o may_v yield_v double_a the_o money_n they_o be_v then_o buy_v or_o sell_v for_o because_o the_o rent_n be_v much_o less_o then_o fol._n 15._o he_o impertinent_o quarrel_n at_o my_o instance_n of_o ireland_n say_v i_o quote_v it_o sometime_o to_o prove_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o low_a interest_n pag._n 8._o and_o sometime_o the_o mischief_n of_o high_a interest_n
before_o there_o be_v boat-keeper_n or_o planter_n at_o newfoundland_n fish_n be_v sell_v cheap_a than_o now_o it_o be_v by_o about_o 40_o per_fw-la cent_z and_o consequent_o more_o vent_v the_o reason_n whereof_o i_o take_v to_o be_v this_o the_o boat-keeper_n and_o planter_n be_v general_o at_o first_o able_a fisherman_n and_o be_v upon_o the_o place_n can_v doubtless_o afford_v their_o fish_n cheap_a than_o the_o fish_n ship_n from_o old_a england_n so_o doubtless_o they_o do_v at_o first_o as_o well_o at_o new-england_n as_o at_o newfoundland_n until_o they_o have_v beat_v the_o english_a ship_n out_o of_o the_o trade_n after_o which_o be_v free_v from_o that_o competition_n they_o become_v lazy_a as_o to_o that_o laborious_a employment_n have_v mean_n otherwise_o to_o live_v and_o employ_v themselves_o and_o thereupon_o enhance_a the_o price_n of_o their_o fish_n to_o such_o a_o excess_n as_o in_o effect_n prove_v the_o give_v away_o of_o that_o trade_n to_o the_o french_a who_o by_o our_o aforesaid_a impolitic_a management_n of_o that_o trade_n have_v of_o late_a year_n be_v able_a to_o under-sell_a we_o at_o all_o market_n abroad_o and_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o those_o that_o can_v sell_v cheap_a will_v have_v the_o trade_n 5._o this_o kingdom_n be_v a_o island_n it_o be_v our_o interest_n as_o well_o for_o our_o preservation_n as_o our_o profit_n not_o only_o to_o have_v many_o seaman_n but_o to_o have_v they_o as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v within_o call_v in_o a_o time_n of_o danger_n now_o the_o fish_n ship_n go_v out_o in_o march_n and_o return_v home_o for_o england_n in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n yearly_o and_o there_o be_v employ_v in_o that_o trade_n two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o ship_n which_o may_v carry_v about_o ten_o thousand_o seaman_n fisherman_n and_o shore_n man_n as_o they_o usual_o call_v the_o young_a person_n which_o be_v never_o before_o at_o sea_n i_o appeal_v to_o the_o reader_n whether_o such_o a_o yearly_a return_n of_o seaman_n abide_v at_o home_n with_o we_o all_o the_o winter_n and_o spend_v their_o money_n here_o which_o they_o get_v in_o their_o summer-fishery_a be_v not_o a_o great_a access_n of_o wealth_n and_o power_n to_o this_o kingdom_n and_o a_o ready_a supply_n for_o his_o majesty_n navy_n upon_o all_o emergency_n 6._o the_o fish_v ship_n yet_o be_v and_o always_o have_v be_v the_o breeder_n of_o seaman_n the_o planter_n and_o boat-keeper_n be_v general_o such_o as_o be_v breed_v and_o become_v expert_a at_o the_o cost_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o fish_v ship_n which_o planter_n and_o boat-keeper_n enter_v very_o few_o new_a or_o green_a man_n 7._o by_o the_o build_n fit_a victual_v and_o repair_v of_o fishing-ship_n multitude_n of_o english_a tradesman_n and_o artificer_n beside_o the_o owner_n and_o seaman_n gain_v their_o subsistence_n whereas_o by_o the_o boat_n which_o the_o planter_n and_o boat-keeper_n build_v or_o use_v at_o newfoundland_n england_n get_v nothing_o object_n but_o against_o all_o that_o i_o have_v say_v those_o that_o contend_v for_o a_o governor_n at_o newfoundland_n object_n 1._o that_o without_o a_o governor_n and_o government_n there_o that_o country_n will_v be_v always_o expose_v to_o the_o surprisal_n of_o the_o french_a or_o any_o foreigner_n that_o shall_v please_v to_o attack_v it_o 2._o that_o the_o disorder_n of_o the_o planter_n which_o i_o complain_v of_o and_o some_o other_o which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o have_v not_o mention_v can_v be_v remedy_v without_o a_o governor_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v first_o that_o when_o we_o can_v preserve_v our_o colony_n by_o our_o ship_n or_o so_o awe_v our_o neighbour_n by_o our_o fleet_n and_o ship_n of_o war_n that_o they_o dare_v not_o attempt_v they_o our_o case_n will_v be_v sad_a and_o our_o propriety_n will_v be_v lose_v or_o in_o eminent_a danger_n not_o only_o abroad_o but_o at_o home_o likewise_o 2_o dly_z all_o the_o fish_n that_o be_v kill_v at_o newfoundland_n in_o a_o summer_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o maintain_v strength_n enough_o on_o shore_n to_o defend_v two_o fish_v harbour_n against_o ten_o man_n of_o war_n whereas_o that_o country_n have_v more_o harbour_n to_o defend_v than_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o old_a england_n 3_o dly_z if_o a_o governor_n be_v establish_v the_o next_o consequence_n will_v be_v a_o tax_n upon_o the_o fish_n and_o the_o least_o tax_n will_v increase_v the_o price_n of_o fish_n and_o that_o unavoidable_o will_v give_v the_o trade_n away_o whole_o into_o the_o french_a hand_n 4_o thly_a a_o government_n there_o be_v already_o of_o ancient_a custom_n among_o the_o master_n of_o the_o fishing-ship_n to_o which_o the_o fisherman_n be_v enure_v and_o that_o free_a from_o oppression_n and_o adapt_v to_o the_o trade_n insomuch_o that_o although_o a_o better_a may_v be_v wish_v i_o never_o hope_v to_o see_v it_o xi_o that_o new-england_n be_v the_o most_o prejudical_a plantation_n to_o this_o kingdom_n i_o be_o now_o to_o write_v of_o a_o people_n who_o frugality_n industry_n and_o temperance_n and_o the_o happiness_n of_o who_o law_n and_o institution_n do_v promise_n to_o themselves_o long_o life_n with_o a_o wonderful_a increase_n of_o people_n riches_n and_o power_n and_o although_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o envy_v that_o virtue_n and_o wisdom_n in_o other_o which_o themselves_o either_o can_v or_o will_v not_o practise_v but_o rather_o to_o commend_v and_o admire_v it_o yet_o i_o think_v it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o every_o good_a man_n primary_o to_o respect_v the_o welfare_n of_o his_o native_a country_n and_o therefore_o though_o i_o may_v offend_v some_o who_o i_o will_v not_o willing_o displease_v i_o can_v omit_v in_o the_o progress_n of_o this_o discourse_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o some_o particular_n wherein_o old_a england_n suffer_v dimunition_n by_o the_o growth_n of_o those_o colony_n settle_v in_o new-england_n and_o how_o that_o plantation_n differ_v from_o those_o more_o southerly_a with_o respect_n to_o the_o gain_n or_o loss_n of_o this_o kingdom_n viz._n 1._o all_o our_o american_n plantation_n except_o that_o of_o new-england_n produce_v commodity_n of_o different_a nature_n from_o those_o of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o sugar_n tobacco_n cocoa_n wool_n ginger_n sundry_a sort_n of_o die_a wood_n etc._n etc._n whereas_o new-england_n produce_v general_o the_o same_o we_o have_v here_o viz._n corn_n and_o cattle_n some_o quantity_n of_o fish_n they_o do_v likewise_o kill_v but_o that_o be_v take_v &_o save_v altogether_o by_o their_o own_o inhabitant_n which_o prejudice_v our_o newfoundland_n trade_n where_o as_o have_v be_v say_v very_o few_o be_v or_o aught_o according_a to_o prudence_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o those_o fishery_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o old_a england_n the_o other_o commodity_n we_o have_v from_o they_o be_v some_o few_o great_a mast_n fur_n and_o train-oyl_n whereof_o the_o yearly_o value_n amount_v to_o very_o little_a the_o much_o great_a value_n of_o return_n from_o thence_o be_v make_v in_o sugar_n cotten_n wool_n tobacco_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n which_o they_o first_o receive_v from_o some_o other_o of_o his_o majesty_n plantation_n in_o barter_n for_o dry_a codfish_n salt_n mackerel_n beef_n pork_n bread_n beer_n flower_n pease_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o supply_v barbadoes_n jamaica_n etc._n etc._n with_o to_o the_o diminution_n of_o the_o vent_n of_o those_o commodity_n from_o this_o kingdom_n the_o great_a experience_n whereof_o in_o our_o own_o west-india_n plantation_n will_v soon_o be_v find_v in_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o value_n of_o our_o land_n in_o england_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o vast_a and_o almost_o incredible_a supply_n those_o colony_n have_v from_o new-england_n 2._o the_o people_n of_o new-england_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o primitive_a charter_n be_v not_o so_o strict_o tie_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n do_v sometime_o assume_v a_o liberty_n of_o trading_n contrary_a to_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n by_o reason_n whereof_o many_o of_o our_o american_n commodity_n especial_o tobacco_n and_o sugar_n be_v transport_v in_o new-english_a ship_n direct_o into_o spain_n and_o other_o foreign_a country_n without_o be_v land_a in_o england_n or_o pay_v any_o duty_n to_o his_o majesty_n which_o be_v not_o only_a loss_n to_o the_o king_n and_o a_o prejudice_n to_o the_o navigation_n of_o old_a england_n but_o also_o a_o total_a exclusion_n of_o the_o old_a english_a merchant_n from_o the_o vent_n of_o those_o commodity_n in_o those_o port_n where_o the_o new-english_a vessel_n trade_n because_o there_o be_v no_o custom_n pay_v on_o those_o commodity_n in_o new-england_n and_o a_o great_a custom_n pay_v upon_o they_o in_o old_a england_n it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o new-english_a merchant_n will_v be_v able_a to_o afford_v his_o commodity_n much_o cheap_a at_o the_o
be_v no_o gainful_a trade_n money_n itself_o go_v at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o but_o in_o the_o low-countries_n where_o money_n go_v at_o six_o the_o building_n of_o ship_n and_o hire_v they_o to_o other_o be_v a_o gainful_a trade_n and_o so_o the_o stock_n of_o rich_a man_n and_o the_o industry_n of_o beginner_n be_v well_o join_v for_o the_o public_a and_o yet_o that_o which_o be_v above_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o great_a sin_n against_o the_o land_n be_v that_o it_o make_v the_o land_n itself_o of_o small_a value_n near_a the_o rate_n of_o new-found_a land_n than_o of_o any_o other_o country_n where_o law_n government_n and_o peace_n have_v so_o long_o flourish_v for_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n make_v land_n sell_v so_o cheap_a and_o the_o cheap_a sale_n of_o land_n be_v the_o cause_n man_n seek_v no_o more_o by_o industry_n and_o cost_n to_o improve_v they_o and_o this_o be_v plain_a both_o by_o example_n and_o demonstration_n for_o we_o see_v in_o other_o country_n where_o the_o use_v of_o money_n be_v of_o a_o low_a rate_n land_n be_v general_o sell_v for_o thirty_o forty_o in_o some_o for_o fifty_o year_n purchase_v and_o we_o know_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o bargain_v that_o if_o the_o rate_n of_o use_n be_v not_o great_a here_o then_o in_o other_o country_n land_n be_v then_o as_o good_a a_o penny_n worth_a at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_v as_o they_o be_v now_o at_o sixteen_o for_o land_n be_v the_o best_a assurance_n and_o secure_a inheritance_n will_v still_o bâ—ar_v a_o rate_n above_o money_n now_o if_o land_n be_v at_o thirty_o year_n purchase_v or_o near_o it_o there_o be_v no_o so_o cheap_a purchase_n as_o the_o amendment_n of_o our_o own_o land_n for_o it_o will_v be_v much_o cheap_a to_o make_v one_o acre_n of_o land_n now_o worth_a five_o shilling_n by_o the_o year_n to_o be_v worth_a ten_o shilling_n or_o be_v worth_a ten_o to_o be_v worth_a twenty_o shilling_n and_o so_o in_o proportion_n then_o to_o purchase_v a_o other_o acre_n worth_a five_o or_o ten_o shilling_n and_o in_o every_o acre_n thus_o purchase_v to_o the_o owner_n by_o the_o amendment_n of_o his_o own_o there_o be_v another_o purchase_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o it_o be_v the_o blessing_n of_o god_n to_o this_o land_n that_o there_o be_v few_o place_n of_o it_o to_o which_o he_o have_v not_o give_v mean_n by_o reasonable_a cost_n and._n industry_n great_o to_o amend_v it_o in_o many_o to_o double_a the_o value_n so_o as_o in_o time_n if_o for_o their_o own_o good_a man_n industry_n be_v compel_v that_o way_n the_o riches_n and_o commodity_n of_o this_o land_n will_v near_o be_v double_v then_o will_v all_o the_o wet_a land_n in_o this_o kingdom_n soon_o be_v drain_v the_o barren_a land_n mend_v by_o marle_n sleech_n lime_n chalk_n sea-sand_n and_o other_o mean_n which_o for_o their_o profit_n man_n industry_n will_v find_v out_o we_o see_v with_o how_o great_a industry_n and_o charge_n our_o neighbour_n the_o dutch_a do_v drain_v and_o maintain_v their_o land_n against_o the_o sea_n which_o flow_v high_o above_o they_o than_o it_o do_v above_o the_o low_a part_n of_o our_o drown_a land_n i_o will_v admit_v a_o great_a deal_n to_o their_o industry_n but_o i_o shall_v very_o unwilling_o grant_v that_o they_o be_v so_o much_o more_o ingenuous_a and_o industrious_a than_o we_o as_o that_o all_o the_o odds_o be_v therein_o certain_o the_o main_a cause_n of_o it_o be_v that_o with_o we_o money_n be_v dear_a and_o land_n cheap_a with_o they_o land_n be_v dear_a and_o money_n cheap_a and_o consequent_o the_o improvement_n of_o their_o land_n at_o so_o great_a a_o charge_n with_o they_o be_v gainful_a to_o the_o owner_n which_o with_o we_o will_v be_v lossful_a for_o usury_n go_v at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o if_o a_o man_n borrow_v five_o pound_n and_o bestow_v it_o on_o a_o acre_n of_o ground_n the_o amendment_n stand_v he_o in_o ten_o shilling_n the_o year_n and_o be_v amend_v the_o land_n be_v not_o worth_a above_o fifteen_o year_n purchase_v but_o if_o the_o use_v of_o money_n go_v at_o no_o more_o with_o we_o then_o in_o other_o place_n than_o five_o pound_n bestow_v upon_o a_o acre_n of_o gound_o will_v stand_v a_o man_n but_o in_o five_o or_o six_o shilling_n a_o year_n and_o the_o acre_n of_o land_n so_o amend_v will_v be_v worth_a as_o have_v be_v show_v six_o and_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o year_n purchase_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o as_o the_o rate_n of_o use_v now_o go_v no_o man_n but_o where_o the_o land_n lie_v extraordinary_o happy_o for_o it_o can_v amend_v his_o land_n but_o to_o his_o own_o loss_n whereas_o if_o money_n be_v let_v as_o it_o be_v in_o other_o country_n he_o may_v bestow_v more_o than_o double_a so_o much_o as_o now_o he_o may_v and_o yet_o be_v a_o great_a gainer_n thereby_o and_o consequent_o as_o be_v before_o remember_v shall_v to_o his_o own_o benefit_n purchase_v land_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n neither_o will_v such_o purchase_n of_o land_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o benefit_n to_o the_o land_a man_n only_o the_o benefit_n will_v be_v as_o much_o to_o the_o poor_a labourer_n of_o the_o land_n for_o now_o when_o corn_n and_o other_o fruit_n of_o the_o land_n which_o grow_v by_o labour_n be_v cheap_a the_o plough_n and_o mattock_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o hedge_n there_o be_v little_a work_n for_o poor_a man_n and_o that_o at_o a_o low_a rate_n whereas_o if_o the_o mendment_n of_o their_o own_o land_n be_v the_o cheap_a purchase_n to_o the_o owner_n if_o there_o be_v many_o more_o people_n than_o there_o be_v they_o shall_v more_o ready_o be_v set_v a_o work_n at_o better_a rate_n than_o they_o now_o be_v and_o none_o that_o have_v their_o health_n and_o limb_n can_v be_v poor_a but_o by_o their_o extreme_a laziness_n and_o as_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n do_v embase_v lâ—nds_n so_o it_o be_v as_o great_a a_o hindrance_n to_o discovery_n plantation_n and_o all_o good_a undertake_n make_v it_o near_o double_a as_o chargeable_a to_o the_o adventurer_n money_n be_v at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o as_o it_o be_v in_o other_o country_n where_o the_o use_v of_o money_n be_v so_o much_o low_a now_o let_v we_o see_v by_o the_o contrary_a and_o conceive_v if_o usury_n be_v tolerate_v at_o fifteen_o or_o twenty_o in_o the_o hundred_o and_o i_o fear_v many_o borrower_n all_o thing_n consider_v pay_v above_o ten_o what_o the_o condition_n of_o thing_n will_v then_o be_v and_o if_o it_o appear_v how_o desperate_a the_o hurt_n will_v be_v which_o that_o will_v bring_v it_o may_v at_o least_o upon_o good_a reason_n persuade_v we_o how_o great_a the_o good_a will_v he_o of_o call_v it_o down_o certain_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n come_v to_o pass_v that_o all_o trade_n will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n decay_n for_o few_o or_o none_o and_o reckon_v the_o hazard_n at_o nothing_o yield_v so_o great_a a_o gain_n as_o twenty_o in_o the_o hundred_o and_o all_o other_o nation_n may_v with_o so_o great_a gain_n out-trade_n and_o under-sell_a we_o that_o more_o than_o the_o earth_n will_v of_o herself_o bring_v forth_o we_o shall_v scarce_o raise_v any_o thing_n from_o it_o even_o for_o our_o own_o use_n within_o the_o land_n and_o land_n will_v be_v so_o much_o embase_v as_o man_n may_v afford_v without_o loss_n to_o themselves_o to_o carry_v the_o compost_n out_o of_o their_o close_n upon_o their_o next_o adjoin_v land_n to_o mend_v they_o so_o far_o shall_v we_o be_v from_o marling_n liming_n draining_n plant_v and_o any_o other_o work_v of_o cost_n or_o industry_n by_o which_o land_n be_v purchase_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n so_o far_o from_o building_n make_v of_o havens_n discovery_n new_a plantation_n or_o any_o other_o action_n of_o virtue_n and_o glory_n to_o the_o state_n for_o private_a gain_n be_v the_o compass_n man_n general_o sail_v by_o and_o since_o we_o can_v without_o extraordinary_a diligence_n plant_v build_v drain_n or_o any_o other_o way_n amend_v our_o land_n but_o it_o will_v be_v dear_a to_o we_o than_o the_o purchase_n of_o other_o money_n be_v at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o if_o money_n than_o shall_v go_v at_o twenty_o in_o the_o hundred_o the_o charge_n of_o mend_v our_o land_n will_v be_v double_v and_o the_o land_n abase_v to_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n purchase_v and_o consequent_o all_o work_n of_o industry_n and_o charge_n for_o improve_n of_o land_n will_v be_v quite_o neglect_v and_o give_v over_o we_o shall_v only_o eat_v upon_o one_o another_o with_o usury_n have_v our_o commodity_n from_o other_o nation_n let_v the_o land_n grow_v barren_a and_o unmanured_a and_o the_o whole_a state_n in_o short_a time_n come_v to_o beggary_n against_o this_o
last_o the_o lowness_n of_o interest_n of_o money_n with_o they_o which_o in_o peaceable_a time_n exceed_v not_o three_o per_n cent_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o be_v now_o during_o this_o war_n with_o england_n not_o above_o four_o per_fw-la cent_n at_o most_o some_o more_o particular_n may_v be_v add_v and_o those_o aforesaid_a further_o improve_v be_v it_o my_o purpose_n to_o discourse_v at_o large_a of_o trade_n but_o see_v most_o of_o the_o former_a particular_n be_v observe_v and_o grant_v by_o all_o man_n that_o make_v it_o any_o part_n of_o their_o business_n to_o inspect_v the_o true_a nature_n and_o principle_n of_o trade_n but_o the_o last_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o the_o most_o ingenious_a to_o be_v any_o cause_n of_o the_o great_a increase_n of_o the_o riches_n and_o commerce_n of_o that_o people_n i_o shall_v therefore_o in_o this_o paper_n confine_v myself_o to_o write_v principal_o my_o observation_n touch_v that_o viz._n the_o profit_n that_o people_n have_v receive_v and_o any_o other_o may_v receive_v by_o reduce_v the_o interest_n of_o money_n to_o a_o very_a low_a rate_n this_o in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n be_v the_o causa_fw-la causans_fw-la of_o all_o the_o other_o cause_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o that_o people_n and_o that_o if_o interest_n of_o money_n be_v with_o we_o reduce_v to_o the_o same_o rate_n it_o be_v with_o they_o it_o will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n render_v we_o as_o rich_a and_o considerable_a in_o trade_n as_o they_o now_o be_v and_o consequent_o be_v of_o great_a damage_n to_o they_o and_o advantage_n to_o we_o then_o can_v happen_v by_o the_o issue_n of_o this_o present_a war_n though_o the_o success_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v as_o good_a as_o we_o can_v wish_v except_o it_o end_v in_o theâ—r_n total_a ruin_n and_o extirpation_n to_o illustrate_v this_o let_v we_o impartial_o search_v our_o book_n and_o inquire_v what_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v as_o to_o trade_n and_o riches_n before_o any_o law_n concern_v interest_n of_o money_n be_v make_v the_o first_o whereof_o that_o i_o can_v find_v be_v anno_fw-la 1545._o and_o we_o shall_v be_v inform_v that_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n then_o be_v inconsiderable_a and_o the_o merchant_n very_o mean_a and_o few_o and_o that_o afterward_o viz._n anno_fw-la 1635._o within_o ten_o year_n after_o interest_n be_v bring_v down_o to_o eight_o per_fw-la cent_z there_o be_v more_o merchant_n to_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o exchange_n worth_n each_o one_o thousand_o pound_n and_o upward_o than_o be_v in_o the_o former_a day_n viz._n before_o the_o year_n 1600._o to_o be_v find_v worth_n one_o hundred_o pound_n each_o and_o now_o since_o interest_n have_v be_v for_o about_o twenty_o year_n at_o six_o per_fw-la cent_z notwithstanding_o our_o long_a civil_a war_n and_o the_o great_a complaint_n of_o the_o deadness_n of_o trade_n there_o be_v more_o man_n to_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o exchange_n now_o worth_a ten_o thousand_o pound_n estate_n than_o be_v then_o of_o one_o thousand_o pound_n and_o if_o this_o be_v doubt_v let_v we_o ask_v the_o age_a whether_o five_o hundred_o pound_n portion_n with_o a_o daughter_n sixty_o year_n ago_o be_v not_o esteem_v a_o large_a proportion_n than_o two_o thousand_o pound_n be_v now_o and_o whether_o gentlewoman_n in_o those_o day_n will_v not_o esteem_v themselves_o well_o clothe_v in_o a_o serge_n gown_n which_o a_o chambermaid_n now_o will_v be_v ashamed_a to_o be_v seâ—n_v in_o whether_o our_o citizen_n and_o middle_a sort_n of_o gentry_n now_o be_v not_o more_o rich_a in_o clothes_n plate_n jewel_n and_o household-good_n etc._n etc._n then_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o knight_n and_o gentry_n be_v in_o those_o day_n and_o whether_o our_o best_a sort_n of_o knight_n and_o gentry_n now_o do_v not_o exceed_v by_o much_o in_o those_o thing_n the_o nobility_n of_o england_n sixty_o year_n past_a many_o of_o who_o then_o will_v not_o go_v to_o the_o price_n of_o a_o whole_a sattin-doublet_n the_o embroiderer_n be_v yet_o live_v who_o have_v assure_v i_o he_o have_v make_v many_o hundred_o of_o they_o for_o the_o nobility_n with_o canvas_n back_n which_o way_n ever_o we_o take_v our_o measure_n to_o i_o it_o seem_v evident_a that_o since_o our_o first_o abatement_n of_o interest_n the_o riches_n and_o splendour_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v increase_v to_o above_o four_o i_o may_v say_v above_o six_o time_o so_o much_o as_o it_o be_v we_o have_v now_o almost_o one_o hundred_o coach_n for_o one_o we_o have_v former_o we_o with_o ease_n can_v pay_v a_o great_a tax_n now_o in_o one_o year_n than_o our_o fore_n father_n can_v in_o twenty_o our_o custom_n be_v very_o much_o improve_v i_o believe_v above_o the_o proportion_n aforesaid_a of_o six_o to_o one_o which_o be_v not_o so_o much_o in_o advance_v of_o the_o rate_n of_o good_n as_o by_o increase_n of_o the_o bulk_n of_o trade_n for_o though_o some_o foreign_a commodity_n be_v advance_v other_o of_o our_o native_a commodity_n and_o manufacture_n be_v considerable_o abate_v by_o the_o last_o book_n of_o rate_n i_o can_v myself_o remember_v since_o there_o be_v not_o in_o london_n use_v so_o many_o wharf_n or_o key_n for_o the_o land_n of_o merchant_n good_n by_o at_o least_o one_o three_o part_n as_o now_o there_o be_v and_o those_o that_o be_v then_o can_v scarce_o have_v employment_n for_o half_a what_o they_o can_v do_v and_o now_o notwithstanding_o one_o three_o more_o use_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n they_o be_v all_o too_o little_a in_o a_o time_n of_o peace_n to_o land_n the_o good_n at_o that_o come_v to_o london_n if_o we_o look_v into_o the_o country_n we_o shall_v find_v land_n as_o much_o improve_v since_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n as_o trade_n etc._n etc._n in_o city_n that_o now_o yield_v twenty_o year_n purchase_v which_o then_o will_v not_o have_v sell_v for_o above_o eight_o or_o ten_o at_o most_o beside_o the_o rent_n of_o farm_n have_v be_v for_o these_o last_o thirty_o year_n much_o advance_v and_o although_o they_o have_v for_o these_o thâ—ee_o or_o four_o last_o year_n fall_v that_o have_v no_o respect_n at_o all_o to_o the_o lowness_n of_o interest_n at_o present_a nor_o to_o the_o other_o mistake_v reason_n which_o be_v common_o assign_v for_o it_o but_o principal_o to_o the_o vast_a improvement_n of_o â—reland_n since_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v late_o possess_v by_o the_o industrous_a english_a who_o be_v soldier_n in_o the_o late_a aâ—my_n and_o the_o late_a great_a land-tax_n more_o may_v be_v say_v but_o the_o premise_n be_v consider_v i_o judge_v will_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v how_o great_o this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n have_v be_v advance_v in_o all_o respect_n for_o these_o last_o fifty_o year_n and_o that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o to_o i_o seem_v most_o probable_a because_o as_o it_o appear_v it_o have_v be_v in_o england_n so_o i_o find_v it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n in_o all_o europe_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n insomuch_o that_o to_o know_v whether_o any_o country_n be_v rich_a or_o poor_a or_o in_o what_o proportion_n it_o be_v so_o no_o other_o question_n nee_v to_o be_v resolve_v but_o this_o viz._n what_o interest_n do_v they_o pay_v for_o money_n near_o home_o we_o see_v it_o evident_o in_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n where_o ten_o and_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_z be_v pay_v for_o interest_n the_o people_n be_v poor_a and_o despicable_a their_o person_n ill_o clothe_v their_o house_n worse_o provide_v and_o money_n intolerable_o scarce_o notwithstanding_o they_o have_v great_a plenty_n of_o all_o provision_n nor_o will_v their_o land_n yield_v above_o eight_o or_o ten_o year_n purchase_v at_o most_o in_o france_n where_o money_n be_v at_o seven_o per_fw-mi cent_z their_o land_n will_v yield_v about_o eighteen_o year_n purchase_v and_o the_o gentry_n who_o may_v possess_v land_n live_v in_o good_a condition_n though_o the_o peasant_n be_v little_o better_o than_o slave_n because_o they_o can_v possess_v nothing_o but_o at_o the_o will_n of_o other_o in_o italy_n money_n will_v not_o yield_v above_o three_o per_fw-la cent_z to_o be_v let_v out_o upon_o real_a security_n there_o the_o people_n be_v rich_a full_a of_o trade_n well_o attire_v and_o their_o land_n will_v sell_v at_o thirty_o five_o to_o forty_o year_n purchase_v and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o or_o better_a with_o they_o in_o holland_n be_v too_o manifest_a in_o spain_n the_o usual_a interest_n be_v ten_o and_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_z and_o there_o notwithstanding_o they_o have_v the_o only_a trade_n in_o the_o world_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n money_n be_v no_o where_n more_o scarce_o the_o people_n poor_a despicable_a and_o void_a of_o commerce_n other_o than_o such_o as_o
a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 2._o whatever_o do_v improve_v the_o rent_n of_o farm_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 3._o whatever_o do_v increase_v the_o bulk_n of_o foreign_a trade_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 4._o whatever_o do_v multiply_v domestic_a artificer_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 5._o whatever_o do_v incline_v the_o nation_n to_o thriftiness_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 6._o whatever_o do_v employ_v the_o poor_a must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 7._o whatever_o do_v increase_v the_o stock_n of_o people_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n now_o that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n will_v advance_v the_o value_n of_o land_n i_o prove_v first_o by_o experience_n for_o certain_o anno_fw-la 1621._o the_o currant_n price_n of_o our_o land_n in_o england_n be_v twelve_o year_n purchase_v and_o so_o i_o have_v be_v assure_v by_o many_o ancient_a man_n who_o i_o have_v query_v particular_o as_o to_o this_o matter_n and_o i_o find_v it_o so_o by_o purchase_n make_v about_o that_o time_n by_o my_o own_o relation_n and_o acquaintance_n and_o i_o presume_v that_o any_o nobleman_n or_o gentleman_n of_o england_n by_o only_o command_v the_o steward_n of_o their_o manor_n to_o give_v they_o list_n out_o of_o the_o record_n of_o any_o manor_n or_o farm_n that_o their_o grandfather_n or_o father_n buy_v or_o sell_v fifty_o year_n past_a will_v find_v that_o the_o same_o farm_n to_o be_v now_o sell_v will_v yield_v one_o with_o another_o at_o least_o treble_a the_o money_n and_o in_o some_o case_n six_o time_n the_o money_n they_o be_v then_o buy_v and_o sell_v for_o which_o i_o submit_v still_o to_o the_o single_a and_o joint_a judgement_n of_o the_o honourable_a member_n of_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n who_o be_v the_o great_a owner_n of_o our_o territory_n be_v in_o their_o private_a as_o well_o as_o in_o their_o politic_a capacity_n the_o most_o proper_a and_o experimental_a judge_n of_o â—his_fw-la case_n if_o the_o ancient_n of_o they_o will_v please_v to_o recollect_v their_o memory_n and_o the_o young_a will_v please_v to_o be_v inform_v by_o their_o elder_a servant_n and_o if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n by_o a_o law_n have_v great_o advance_v land_n in_o purchase_n as_o well_o as_o improve_v rent_n by_o meliorate_n the_o land_n themselves_o those_o improvement_n by_o marling_n lime_a drain_n etc._n etc._n have_v be_v make_v since_o money_n be_v at_o 8_o and_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o 10_o per_fw-la cent_n can_v not_o bear_v and_o to_o prove_v that_o land_n be_v then_o at_o twelve_o year_n purchase_v i_o have_v the_o write_a testimony_n of_o that_o incomparable_a worthy_a person_n sir_n thomas_n culpepper_n senior_n who_o page_z 11._o of_o his_o first_o treatise_n express_o affirm_v that_o land_n be_v then_o at_o twelve_o yeaâ—s_n purchase_v who_o be_v himself_o a_o grave_n and_o ancient_a parliament_n man_n and_o dedicate_a his_o book_n to_o the_o then_o parliament_n whereof_o he_o be_v then_o a_o member_n can_v without_o horrible_a uncharitableness_n be_v presume_v to_o impose_v upon_o his_o country_n and_o now_o that_o our_o interest_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n as_o the_o same_o worthy_a author_n do_v wise_o foresee_v i_o appeal_v to_o the_o judgement_n and_o experience_n of_o my_o country_n man_n whether_o the_o genuine_a price_n of_o our_o land_n in_o england_n now_o will_v not_o be_v 20_o year_n purchase_v be_v it_o not_o for_o accidental_a pressure_n under_o which_o it_o labour_v at_o present_a such_o as_o these_o 1._o our_o late_a great_a land_n tax_n 2._o and_o principal_o the_o late_a great_a improvement_n of_o ireland_n mention_v in_o my_o former_a treatise_n the_o consequence_n whereof_o be_v that_o that_o country_n now_o supply_v foreign_a market_n as_o well_o as_o our_o own_o plantation_n in_o america_n with_o beef_n pork_n hides_n tallow_n bread_n beer_n wool_n and_o corn_n at_o cheap_a rate_n than_o we_o can_v afford_v to_o the_o beat_v we_o out_o of_o those_o trade_n whereas_o former_o viz._n present_o after_o the_o late_a irish_a war_n many_o man_n get_v good_a estate_n by_o transport_v english_a cattle_n thither_o and_o that_o the_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n be_v the_o principal_a cause_n why_o our_o land_n in_o purchase_n rise_v not_o as_o natural_o they_o shall_v with_o the_o fall_n of_o our_o interest_n appear_v evident_o from_o the_o effect_n the_o fall_n of_o interest_n have_v have_v upon_o house_n in_o london_n where_o the_o growth_n of_o ireland_n can_v have_v no_o such_o destructive_a influence_n which_o have_v be_v so_o considerable_a that_o whosoever_o will_v please_v to_o inform_v themselves_o by_o old_a scrivener_n or_o ancient_a deed_n shall_v find_v that_o a_o house_n in_o london_n about_o fifty_o year_n past_a that_o will_v sell_v but_o for_o 300_o l._n at_o most_o will_v ready_o sell_v within_o a_o short_a time_n after_o interest_n be_v bring_v to_o 8_o per_fw-la cent_n at_o 5_o or_o 600_o l._n and_o the_o same_o house_n to_o be_v sell_v sometime_o after_o interest_n be_v bring_v to_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n viz._n before_o and_o after_o the_o late_a dutch_a war_n will_v have_v yield_v without_o scruple_n 1000_o or_o 1200_o l._n the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n have_v have_v a_o double_a effect_n upon_o house_n by_o increase_a trade_n and_o consequent_o raise_v rent_n as_o well_o as_o increase_n the_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_v 3._o a_o three_o reason_n why_o land_n do_v not_o at_o present_a bear_v a_o exact_a proportion_n to_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o shall_v natural_o be_v twenty_o year_n be_v the_o late_a plague_n which_o do_v much_o depopulate_v this_o kingdom_n 4._o the_o late_a fire_n in_o london_n which_o have_v engage_v man_n in_o building_n in_o the_o city_n who_o otherwise_o will_v have_v be_v purchase_v in_o the_o country_n 5._o the_o unusual_a plenty_n of_o corn_n which_o have_v be_v for_o these_o three_o or_o four_o year_n pass_v in_o most_o part_n of_o christendom_n the_o like_a whereof_o have_v be_v seldom_o know_v it_o happen_v most_o common_o that_o when_o one_o country_n have_v have_v great_a plenty_n other_o have_v have_v great_a scarcity_n 6._o the_o rack_a up_o of_o rent_n in_o the_o year_n 1651._o and_o 1652._o which_o be_v present_o after_o the_o last_o abatement_n of_o interest_n a_o seven_o accidental_a reason_n why_o land_n do_v not_o sell_v at_o present_a at_o the_o rate_n it_o natural_o shall_v in_o proportion_n to_o the_o legal_a interest_n be_v that_o innovate_v practice_n of_o banker_n in_o london_n which_o have_v more_o effect_n attend_v it_o then_o most_o i_o converse_v with_o have_v yet_o observe_v but_o i_o shall_v here_o take_v notice_n of_o that_o only_a which_o be_v to_o my_o present_a purpose_n viz._n the_o gentleman_n that_o be_v banker_n have_v a_o large_a interest_n from_o his_o majesty_n for_o what_o they_o advance_v upon_o his_o majesty_n revenue_n can_v afford_v to_o give_v the_o full_a legal_a interest_n to_o all_o person_n that_o put_v money_n into_o their_o hand_n though_o for_o never_o so_o short_a or_o long_o a_o time_n which_o make_v the_o trade_n of_o usury_n so_o easy_a and_o hitherto_o safe_a that_o few_o after_o have_v find_v the_o sweetness_n of_o this_o lazy_a way_n of_o improvement_n be_v by_o continuance_n and_o success_n grow_v to_o fancy_n themselves_o secure_a in_o it_o can_v be_v lead_v there_o be_v neither_o ease_n nor_o profit_n to_o invite_v they_o to_o lay_v out_o their_o money_n in_o land_n though_o at_o 15_o year_n purchase_v whereas_o before_o this_o way_n of_o private_a banker_a come_n up_o man_n that_o have_v money_n be_v force_v ofttimes_o to_o let_v it_o lie_v dead_a by_o they_o until_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o security_n to_o their_o mind_n and_o if_o the_o like_a necessity_n be_v now_o of_o money_n lie_v dead_a the_o loss_n of_o use_n for_o the_o dead_a time_n be_v deduct_v from_o the_o profit_n of_o 6_o l._n per_fw-la cent_z communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la will_v in_o effect_n take_v off_o 1_o l._n per_fw-la cent_z per_fw-la annum_fw-la of_o the_o profit_n of_o usury_n and_o consequent_o incline_v man_n more_o to_o purchase_v land_n in_o regard_n the_o difference_n between_o usury_n and_o purchase_n will_v not_o in_o point_n of_o profit_n be_v so_o great_a as_o now_o it_o be_v this_o new_a invention_n of_o casheâ—ing_n have_v in_o my_o opinion_n clear_o better_v the_o usurer_n trade_n 1_o or_o 2_o per_fw-la cent_z per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o that_o this_o way_n of_o leave_v money_n with_o goldsmith_n have_v have_v the_o aforesaid_a effect_n seem_v evident_a to_o i_o from_o the_o scarcity_n it_o make_v of_o money_n in_o the_o country_n for_o the_o trade_n of_o banker_n be_v only_o in_o london_n
do_v very_o much_o drain_v the_o ready_a money_n from_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o second_o point_n i_o be_o to_o prove_v be_v that_o it_o will_v advance_v the_o rent_n of_o farm_n to_o prove_v that_o it_o do_v so_o in_o fact_n depend_v on_o memory_n and_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o and_o most_o other_o i_o converse_v with_o do_v perfect_o remember_v that_o rent_n do_v general_o rise_v after_o the_o late_a abatement_n of_o interest_n viz._n in_o the_o year_n 1651._o and_o 1652._o the_o reason_n why_o they_o do_v so_o be_v from_o the_o encouragement_n which_o that_o abatement_n of_o interest_n give_v to_o landlord_n and_o tenant_n to_o improve_v by_o draining_n marling_n lime_a etc._n etc._n excellent_o make_v out_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a two_o worthy_a author_n so_o that_o i_o do_v i_o think_v with_o good_a reason_n conclude_v that_o the_o present_a fall_n of_o rent_n be_v not_o natural_a but_o accidental_a and_o to_o be_v ascribe_v principal_o to_o the_o foregoing_a reason_n give_v for_o the_o present_a abatement_n of_o land_n in_o purchase_n and_o especial_o to_o the_o late_a improvement_n of_o ireland_n the_o three_o thing_n i_o be_o to_o prove_v be_v that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n will_v increase_v the_o bulk_n of_o foreign_a trade_n which_o i_o do_v thus_o by_o evidence_n of_o fact_n it_o have_v be_v so_o in_o england_n the_o increase_n of_o our_o trade_n have_v always_o follow_v the_o abatement_n of_o our_o interest_n by_o law_n i_o say_v not_o precede_v but_o follow_v it_o and_o the_o cause_n do_v always_o go_v before_o the_o effect_n which_o i_o think_v i_o have_v evident_o demonstrate_v in_o my_o former_a treatise_n if_o any_o doubt_n of_o this_o and_o will_v be_v at_o the_o pain_n to_o examine_v the_o custom-house_n book_n they_o may_v soon_o be_v resolve_v 2._o by_o authority_n not_o only_o of_o that_o ancient_a gentleman_n sir_n thomas_n culpepper_n in_o his_o second_o treatise_n and_o therein_o of_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o french_a king_n and_o court_n in_o a_o edict_n there_o recite_v but_o likewise_o of_o a_o parliament_n of_o england_n king_n lord_n &_o commons_o in_o the_o act_n for_o reduce_v it_o to_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z in_o the_o preamble_n whereof_o be_v these_o word_n viz._n forasmuch_o as_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n from_o 10_o in_o the_o hundred_o in_o former_a time_n have_v be_v find_v by_o notable_a experience_n beneficial_a to_o the_o advancement_n of_o trade_n and_o improvement_n of_o land_n by_o good_a husbandry_n with_o many_o other_o considerable_a advantage_n to_o this_o nation_n especial_o the_o reduce_n of_o it_o to_o a_o near_a proportion_n with_o foreign_a state_n with_o who_o we_o traffic_n and_o whereas_o in_o fresh_a memory_n the_o like_a fall_n from_o 8_o to_o 6_o in_o the_o hundred_o by_o a_o late_a constant_a practice_n have_v find_v the_o like_a success_n to_o the_o general_a contentment_n of_o this_o nation_n as_o be_v visible_a by_o several_a improvement_n etc._n etc._n 3._o by_o necessary_a consequence_n when_o interest_n be_v abate_v they_o who_o call_v in_o their_o money_n must_v either_o buy_v land_n or_o trade_n with_o it_o if_o they_o buy_v land_n the_o many_o buyer_n will_v raise_v the_o price_n of_o land_n if_o they_o trade_v they_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o trader_n and_o consequent_o the_o bulk_n of_o trade_n and_o let_v their_o money_n lie_v dead_a by_o they_o i_o think_v i_o have_v full_o prove_v they_o can_v in_o a_o addition_n publish_v to_o my_o first_o observation_n 4._o by_o reason_n for_o first_o whilst_o interest_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z no_o man_n will_v run_v a_o adventure_n to_o sea_n for_o the_o gain_n of_o 8_o or_o 9_o per_fw-mi cent_z which_o the_o dutch_a have_v money_n at_o 4_o or_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_z at_o interest_n be_v content_v with_o and_o therefore_o can_v and_o do_v follow_v a_o vast_a trade_n in_o salt_n from_o st_n vuall_a rochel_n and_o other_o part_n to_o the_o baltique_a sea_n and_o also_o their_o fish_n trade_n for_o herring_n and_o whale-fishing_a which_o we_o neglect_v as_o be_v not_o worth_a our_o trouble_n and_o hazard_n while_o we_o can_v make_v 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z of_o our_o money_n sleep_v for_o the_o measure_n of_o money_n employ_v in_o trade_n in_o any_o nation_n bear_v a_o exact_a proportion_n to_o thâ—_n interest_n pay_v for_o money_n as_o for_o instance_n when_o money_n be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z in_o england_n no_o man_n in_o his_o wit_n will_v follow_v any_o trade_n whereby_o he_o do_v not_o promise_v himself_o 14_o or_o 12_o per_fw-la cent_z gain_n at_o least_o when_o interest_n be_v at_o 8_o the_o hope_n of_o 12_o or_o 10_o at_o least_o be_v necessary_a as_o 8_o or_o 9_o per_fw-mi cent_z be_v now_o interest_n go_v at_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z the_o infallible_a consequence_n whereof_o be_v that_o the_o trade_n before_o recite_v as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o muscovy_n and_o greenland_n and_o so_o much_o at_o least_o of_o all_o other_o that_o will_v not_o afford_v we_o a_o clear_a profit_n of_o 8_o or_o 9_o per_fw-mi cent_z we_o careless_o give_v away_o to_o the_o dutch_a and_o must_v do_v so_o forever_o unless_o we_o bring_v our_o interest_n near_o to_o a_o par_fw-fr with_o they_o and_o hence_o in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n it_o follow_v very_o clear_o that_o if_o our_o interest_n be_v abate_v one_o three_o part_n it_o will_v occasion_v the_o employment_n of_o one_o three_o part_n more_o of_o man_n shp_v and_o stock_n in_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a trade_n this_o discover_v the_o vanity_n of_o all_o our_o attempt_n for_o gain_v of_o the_o white-herring_n fishing-trade_n of_o which_o the_o dutch_a as_o every_o body_n observe_v make_v wonderful_a great_a advantage_n though_o the_o fish_n be_v take_v upon_o our_o own_o coast_n i_o wish_v as_o many_o do_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o which_o therefore_o i_o shall_v say_v something_o of_o now_o though_o i_o have_v touch_v it_o in_o my_o former_a treatise_n the_o plain_a case_n be_v this_o a_o dutchman_n will_v be_v content_a to_o employ_v a_o stock_n of_o 5_o or_o 10000_o l._n in_o burse_v material_n for_o fish_v victual_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o this_o trade_n and_o if_o at_o the_o wind_a up_o of_o his_o account_n he_o find_v he_o have_v get_v clear_a communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la for_o his_o stock_n and_o adventure_n 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z per_fw-la annum_fw-la he_o thank_v god_n and_o tell_v his_o neighbour_n he_o have_v have_v a_o thrive_a trade_n now_o while_o every_o slothful_a ignorant_a man_n with_o we_o that_o have_v but_o wit_n enough_o to_o tell_v out_o his_o money_n to_o a_o gold_n smith_n can_v get_v 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z without_o pain_n or_o care_n be_v it_o not_o monstrous_a absurd_a to_o imagine_v that_o ever_o the_o english_a will_v do_v any_o good_a upon_o this_o trade_n till_o they_o begin_v at_o the_o right_a end_n which_o must_v be_v to_o reduce_v the_o interest_n of_o money_n second_o the_o deprave_a nature_n of_o man_n affect_v ease_n and_o pleasure_n while_o use_n of_o money_n run_v at_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z have_v always_o at_o hand_n a_o easy_a expedient_a to_o indulge_v that_o humour_n and_o reconcile_v it_o to_o another_o as_o considerable_a viz._n his_o covetousness_n by_o put_v his_o money_n to_o use_v and_o if_o a_o merchant_n through_o his_o youthful_a care_n and_o industry_n arrive_v to_o a_o estate_n of_o 20000_o l._n in_o twenty_o year_n trade_v whilst_o money_n be_v so_o high_a and_o land_n so_o low_a he_o can_v easy_o turn_v country_n gentleman_n or_o usurer_n which_o be_v interest_n of_o money_n at_o 4_o pâ—r_n cent_z he_o can_v not_o do_v and_o consequent_o must_v not_o only_o follow_v his_o trade_n himself_o but_o make_v his_o child_n trader_n also_o for_o to_o leave_v they_o money_n without_o skill_n to_o use_v it_o will_v advantage_v little_a and_o purchase_v of_o land_n less_o when_o the_o fall_n of_o interest_n shall_v raise_v they_o to_o twenty_o or_o thiâ—ty_o year_n purchase_v which_o i_o hope_v yet_o to_o live_v to_o see_v three_o from_o this_o necessity_n of_o merchant_n keep_v to_o their_o trade_n and_o child_n succeed_a their_o father_n therein_o will_v ensue_v to_o merchant_n great_a skill_n in_o trade_n more_o exact_a and_o certain_a correspondency_n sure_a &_o more_o trusty_a factor_n abroad_o &_o those_o better_o acquaint_v &_o concatinate_v together_o by_o the_o experimental_a link_n of_o each_o other_o humour_n style_n estate_n and_o business_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o a_o prudent_a man_n can_v do_v in_o ten_o year_n time_n after_o his_o settle_n in_o london_n to_o be_v exact_o well_o fit_v with_o factor_n in_o all_o part_n and_o those_o by_o correspondency_n bring_v into_o a_o mutual_a acquaintance_n of_o each_o other_o and_o honest_a workman_n
that_o even_o as_o the_o world_n now_o go_v dies_fw-la diem_fw-la docet_fw-la scarce_o a_o session_n of_o parliament_n pass_v without_o make_v some_o good_a act_n for_o the_o better_n of_o trade_n and_o pare_v off_o the_o extravagancy_n of_o the_o law_n for_o which_o end_v this_o last_o session_n produce_v three_o that_o about_o the_o silk-throwsters_a that_o about_o transportation_n of_o hides_n etc._n etc._n that_o about_o writ_n of_o error_n 8._o will_v not_o the_o full_a understanding_n of_o trade_n acquire_v by_o experience_n and_o never_o want_v to_o any_o people_n that_o make_v it_o their_o constant_a business_n to_o follow_v trade_n as_o we_o must_v do_v when_o interest_n shall_v be_v at_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z quick_o bring_v we_o to_o find_v our_o advantage_n in_o permit_v all_o â—_z to_o cohabit_n trade_n and_o purchase_v land_n among_o we_o upon_o as_o easy_a term_n as_o the_o dutch_a do_v will_v not_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o law_n by_o augment_v the_o value_n of_o land_n bring_v we_o in_o time_n to_o regular_a and_o just_a enclosement_n of_o our_o forest_n commons_o and_o waste_v and_o make_v our_o small_a river_n navigable_a the_o high_a improvement_n that_o this_o land_n be_v capable_a of_o and_o have_v not_o these_o last_o 50_o year_n since_o the_o several_a abatement_n of_o interest_n produce_v more_o of_o these_o profitable_a work_n then_o 200_o year_n before_o will_v not_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o law_n discover_v to_o we_o the_o vanity_n and_o opposition_n to_o â—rade_n that_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o mâ—ny_n of_o our_o statute_n yet_o in_o force_n such_o as_o these_o follow_v viz._n one_a the_o statute_n of_o bankrupt_a as_o they_o be_v now_o use_v in_o many_o case_n more_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o honest_a dealer_n than_o the_o bankrupt_a himself_o by_o compel_a man_n often_o timâ—s_a to_o refund_v money_n â—eceived_v of_o the_o bankrupt_a for_o ware_n just_o sell_v and_o deliver_v he_o long_o before_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o the_o seller_n to_o discover_v the_o buyer_n to_o be_v a_o brankrupt_a two_o such_o be_v our_o law_n limit_v the_o price_n of_o beer_n and_o ale_n to_o one_o penny_n per_fw-la quartfield_n which_o bâ—r_v we_o from_o all_o improvement_n and_o imitation_n of_o foreign_a liquor_n make_v of_o corn_n common_o call_v mom_o spruce-beer_n rosteker-beer_n which_o may_v and_o be_v make_v in_o england_n and_o will_v occasion_v the_o profitable_a consumption_n of_o a_o incredible_a quantity_n of_o our_o grain_n and_o prove_v a_o great_a aâ—dition_n to_o his_o majesty_n revenue_n of_o excise_n expend_v abundance_n of_o coal_n in_o long_a boil_a of_o those_o commodity_n employ_v many_o hand_n in_o thâ—_n manufacture_n of_o they_o as_o well_o as_o ship_n in_o transportation_n of_o they_o not_o only_o to_o all_o our_o own_o plantation_n in_o america_n but_o to_o many_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n three_o our_o law_n against_o engross_a corn_n and_o other_o commodity_n there_o be_v no_o person_n more_o beneficial_a to_o trade_n in_o a_o nation_n than_o engrosser_n which_o will_v be_v a_o worthy_a employment_n for_o our_o present_a usurer_n and_o render_v they_o true_o useful_a to_o their_o country_n four_o such_o be_v our_o law_n against_o exportation_n of_o bullion_n late_o repeal_v 5th_o such_o be_v the_o use_n of_o the_o law_n at_o present_a which_o take_v not_o only_o a_o custom_n but_o 15_o s._n per_fw-la tun_n excise_n on_o strong_a beer_n export_v be_v the_o same_o rate_v it_o pay_v when_o spend_v at_o home_n contrary_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o all_o trade_a country_n six_o such_o be_v our_o law_n which_o charge_v sea-coal_n or_o any_o of_o our_o native_a provision_n export_v with_o custom_n viz._n beef_n pork_n bread_n beer_n etc._n etc._n for_o which_o i_o think_v in_o prudence_n the_o door_n shall_v be_v open_v wide_a to_o let_v they_o out_o seven_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n be_v our_o law_n impose_v a_o great_a duty_n upon_o our_o horse_n mare_n and_o nag_n export_v 8._o such_o in_o my_o weak_a opinion_n be_v that_o branch_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o eliz._n that_o none_o shall_v use_v any_o manual_a occupation_n except_o he_o have_v be_v appretince_n to_o the_o same_o 9th_o such_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v the_o law_n which_o yet_o prohibit_v the_o exportation_n of_o our_o own_o coin_n for_o since_o it_o be_v now_o by_o consent_n of_o parliament_n agree_v and_o find_v by_o experience_n of_o all_o understand_a man_n to_o be_v advantageous_a for_o this_o kingdom_n to_o permit_v the_o free_a exportation_n of_o bullion_n i_o think_v it_o be_v better_o for_o we_o that_o our_o own_o coin_n may_v likewise_o be_v free_o export_v because_o by_o what_o of_o that_o go_v out_o we_o shall_v gain_v the_o manufacture_n the_o coin_v beside_o the_o great_a honour_n and_o note_n of_o magnificency_n it_o will_v be_v to_o his_o majesty_n and_o this_o kingdom_n to_o have_v his_o majesty_n coin_n currant_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o universe_n 10th_o such_o be_v all_o by-law_n use_v among_o the_o society_n of_o cooper_n &_o other_o artificer_n limit_v master_n to_o keep_v but_o one_o apprentice_n at_o a_o time_n whereas_o it_o be_v better_o for_o the_o public_a they_o be_v permit_v to_o keep_v ten_o if_o they_o can_v or_o will_v maintain_v or_o employ_v they_o 11th_o such_o seem_v to_o be_v many_o of_o our_o law_n relate_v to_o the_o poor_a especial_o those_o against_o inmate_n in_o city_n &_o trade_a town_n and_o those_o oblige_a parish_n to_o maintain_v their_o own_o poor_a only_o page_n 23._o and_o 24._o the_o gentleman_n make_v a_o large_a repetition_n of_o what_o he_o have_v say_v before_o wherein_o i_o observe_v nothing_o new_a but_o that_o he_o say_v the_o east-india-company_n have_v money_n at_o 4._o per_fw-la cent_n only_o because_o man_n may_v have_v their_o money_n out_o when_o they_o please_v which_o be_v a_o mistake_n though_o a_o small_a one_o for_o the_o company_n seldom_o or_o never_o take_v up_o money_n but_o for_o a_o certain_a time_n though_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o generous_a company_n will_v and_o do_v at_o most_o time_n accommodate_v any_o person_n with_o his_o money_n before_o due_a that_o have_v occasion_n to_o require_v such_o a_o kindness_n of_o they_o although_o they_o oblige_v not_o themselves_o to_o do_v it_o in_o this_o ten_o particular_a at_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o page_n 24._o he_o say_v i_o be_o mistake_v in_o my_o assertion_n of_o the_o interest_n of_o scotland_n which_o upon_o further_a enquiry_n among_o the_o scotch_a merchant_n upon_o the_o exchange_n i_o be_o tell_v be_v his_o own_o mistake_n so_o i_o must_v leave_v that_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n to_o those_o that_o know_v that_o country_n and_o its_o law_n more_o and_o better_a then_o either_o of_o we_o last_o he_o conclude_v that_o whilst_o i_o say_v the_o matter_n in_o england_n be_v so_o natural_o prepare_v for_o a_o abatement_n of_o interest_n that_o it_o can_v be_v long_o obstruct_v i_o propound_v a_o law_n to_o anticipate_v nature_n which_o be_v against_o reason_n i_o answer_v it_o be_v the_o wisdom_n of_o our_o grandfather_n to_o bring_v it_o to_o what_o it_o will_v bear_v in_o their_o time_n and_o our_o father_n find_v the_o good_a effect_n of_o that_o and_o bring_v it_o low_o and_o the_o benefit_n thereof_o be_v since_o manifest_v to_o we_o by_o the_o success_n and_o therefore_o see_v the_o matter_n will_v now_o bear_v further_a abatement_n it_o be_v reasonable_a for_o we_o to_o follow_v that_o excellent_a example_n of_o our_o ancestor_n law_n against_o nature_n i_o grant_v will_v be_v ineffectual_a but_o i_o never_o hear_v before_o that_o law_n to_o help_v nature_n be_v against_o reason_n touch_v the_o gentleman_n personal_a reflection_n upon_o i_o i_o shall_v say_v little_a it_o appear_v sufficient_o by_o what_o i_o have_v write_v and_o his_o answer_n that_o i_o be_o a_o advocate_n for_o industry_n he_o for_o idleness_n it_o appear_v likewise_o to_o those_o that_o know_v i_o in_o london_n which_o be_v many_o that_o i_o be_o so_o far_o from_o design_v to_o engrose_v trade_n that_o i_o be_o hasten_v to_o convert_v what_o i_o can_v of_o my_o small_a estate_n that_o be_v personal_a into_o real_a suppose_v it_o to_o be_v my_o interest_n so_o to_o do_v before_o thâ—_n usâ—_n of_o money_n fall_v which_o i_o conclude_v can_v long_o suspend_v and_o that_o then_o land_n and_o house_n must_v rise_v and_o i_o doubt_v it_o will_v appear_v when_o this_o gentleman_n be_v as_o well_o know_v as_o i_o be_o that_o he_o be_v more_o a_o usurer_n than_o a_o owner_n of_o land_n or_o manager_n of_o trade_n at_o present_a my_o end_n have_v only_o be_v to_o serve_v my_o country_n which_o i_o can_v with_o a_o sincere_a heart_n declare_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o god_n and_o man_n and_o that_o nothing_o else_o can_v
not_o hurt_v we_o but_o we_o they_o be_v most_o apparent_a for_o in_o my_o time_n we_o have_v beat_v their_o muscovado_n and_o paneal_a sugar_n quite_o out_o of_o use_n in_o england_n and_o their_o whites_n we_o have_v bring_v down_o in_o all_o these_o part_n of_o europe_n in_o price_n from_o seven_o and_o eight_o pound_n per_fw-la l._n to_o fifty_o shilling_n and_o three_o pound_n per._n l._n and_o in_o quantity_n whereas_o former_o their_o brazeil-fleet_n consist_v of_o one_o hundred_o to_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o chest_n of_o sugar_n they_o be_v now_o reduce_v to_o about_o thirty_o thousand_o chest_n since_o the_o great_a increase_n of_o barbadoes_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o decay_n of_o the_o portugeeze_n production_n in_o brazeil_n be_v certain_o the_o better_a policy_n that_o our_o english_a plantatition_n be_v found_v upon_o that_o which_o principal_o dwarf_n the_o portugeeze_v plantation_n be_v the_o same_o beforementioned_a which_o hinder_v the_o spaniard_n viz._n extraordinary_a high_a custom_n at_o home_n high_a freight_n high_a interest_n of_o money_n ecclesiastical_a person_n etc._n etc._n from_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v plantation_n in_o general_a i_o draw_v these_o two_o principal_a conclusion_n 1_o st_o that_o our_o english_a plantation_n may_v thrive_v beyond_o any_o other_o plantation_n in_o the_o world_n though_o the_o trade_n of_o all_o of_o they_o be_v more_o severe_o limit_v by_o law_n and_o good_a execution_n of_o those_o law_n to_o their_o mother-kingdom_n of_o england_n exclusive_a to_o ireland_n and_o new-england_n 2_o that_o it_o be_v in_o his_o majesty_n power_n and_o the_o parliament_n if_o they_o please_v by_o take_v off_o all_o charge_n from_o sugar_n to_o make_v it_o more_o entire_o a_o english_a commodity_n than_o white-herring_n be_v a_o dutch_a commodity_n and_o to_o draw_v more_o profit_n to_o this_o kingdom_n thereby_o than_o the_o dutch_a do_v by_o that_o and_o that_o in_o consequence_n thereof_o all_o plantation_n of_o other_o nation_n must_v in_o a_o few_o year_n sink_v to_o little_a or_o nothing_o x._o that_o it_o be_v more_o for_o the_o advantage_n of_o england_n that_o new_a find_v land_n shall_v remain_v unplanted_a than_o that_o colony_n shall_v be_v send_v or_o permit_v to_o go_v thither_o to_o inhabit_v under_o a_o governor_n law_n etc._n etc._n i_o have_v before_o discourse_v of_o plantation_n in_o general_a most_o of_o the_o english_a be_v in_o their_o nature_n much_o a_o like_a except_o this_o of_o newfoundland_n and_o that_o of_o new-england_n which_o i_o intend_v next_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o advantage_n newfoundland_n have_v bring_v to_o this_o kingdom_n be_v only_o by_o the_o fishery_n there_o and_o of_o what_o vast_a concernment_n that_o be_v be_v well_o know_v to_o most_o gentleman_n and_o merchant_n especial_o those_o of_o the_o west_n part_n of_o england_n from_o whence_o especial_o this_o trade_n be_v drive_v it_o be_v well_o know_v upon_o undeniable_a poof_n tbat_n in_o the_o year_n 1605._o the_o english_a employ_v 250._o sail_v of_o ship_n small_a and_o great_a in_o fish_v upon_o that_o coast_n and_o it_o be_v now_o too_o apparent_a that_o we_o do_v not_o so_o employ_v from_o all_o part_n above_o eighty_o sail_n of_o ship_n it_o be_v likewise_o general_o know_v and_o confess_v that_o when_o we_o employ_v so_o many_o ship_n in_o that_o trade_n the_o current_a price_n of_o our_o fish_n in_o that_o country_n be_v communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la seventeen_o rial_n which_o be_v eight_o shilling_n six_o penny_n per_fw-la quintal_n and_o that_o since_o as_o we_o have_v lessen_v in_o that_o trade_n the_o french_a have_v increase_v in_o it_o and_o that_o we_o have_v annual_o proceed_v to_o raise_v our_o fish_n from_o seventeen_o rial_n to_o twenty_o four_o rial_n or_o twelve_o shilling_n communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la as_o it_o now_o sell_v in_o the_o country_n this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o england_n in_o relation_n to_o this_o trade_n it_o be_v certain_o worth_a the_o enquiery_a one_a how_o we_o come_v to_o decay_v in_o that_o trade_n two_o what_o mean_n may_v be_v use_v to_o recover_v our_o ancient_a greatness_n in_o that_o trade_n or_o at_o least_o to_o prevent_v our_o further_a diminution_n therein_o the_o decay_n of_o that_o trade_n i_o attribute_v first_o and_o principal_o to_o the_o grow_a liberty_n which_o be_v every_o year_n more_o and_o more_o use_v in_o romish_a country_n as_o well_o as_o other_o of_o eat_v flesh_n in_o lent_n and_o on_o fish-day_n 2._o to_o a_o late_a abuse_n creep_v into_o that_o trade_n which_o have_v much_o abate_v the_o expense_n within_o these_o twenty_o year_n of_o that_o commodity_n of_o send_v over_o private_a boat-keeper_n which_o have_v much_o diminish_v the_o number_n of_o the_o fishing-ship_n 3._o to_o the_o great_a increase_n of_o the_o french_a fishery_n of_o placentia_n and_o other_o port_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o newfoundland_n 4._o to_o the_o several_a war_n we_o have_v have_v at_o sea_n within_o these_o twenty_o year_n which_o have_v much_o empoverish_v the_o merchant_n of_o our_o western_a part_n and_o reduce_v they_o to_o carry_v on_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o trade_n at_o bottumry_n viz._n money_n take_v upon_o adventure_n of_o the_o ship_n at_o twenty_o per_fw-la cent_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la 2._o what_o mean_n may_v be_v use_v to_o recover_v our_o ancient_a greatness_n in_o that_o trade_n or_o at_o least_o to_o prevent_v our_o far_a diminution_n therein_o for_o this_o two_o contrary_a way_n have_v be_v propound_v 1._o to_o send_v a_o governor_n to_o reside_v there_o and_o to_o encourage_v people_n to_o inhabit_v there_o as_o well_o for_o defence_n of_o the_o country_n against_o invasion_n as_o to_o manage_v the_o fishery_n there_o by_o inhabitant_n upon_o the_o plâ—ce_n this_o have_v often_o be_v propound_v by_o the_o planter_n and_o some_o merchant_n of_o london_n 2._o the_o second_o way_n propound_v and_o which_o be_v direct_o contrary_a to_o the_o former_a be_v by_o the_o west-country_n merchant_n and_o owner_n of_o the_o fishing-ship_n and_o that_o be_v to_o have_v no_o governor_n nor_o inhabitant_n permit_v to_o reside_v at_o newfoundland_n nor_o any_o passenger_n or_o private_a boat-keeper_n suffer_v to_o fish_n at_o newfoundland_n this_o latter_a way_n propound_v be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o my_o proposition_n and_o if_o it_o can_v be_v effect_v i_o be_o persuade_v will_v revive_v the_o decay_a english-fishing-trade_n at_o newfoundland_n and_o be_v otherwise_o great_o for_o the_o advantage_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o that_o for_o these_o follow_a reason_n 1._o because_o most_o of_o the_o provision_n the_o planter_n which_o be_v settle_v at_o newfoundland_n do_v make_v use_n of_o viz._n bread_n beef_n pork_n butter_n cheese_n clothes_n and_o irish-bengal_n cloth_n linen_n and_o woollen_a ireish-stocking_n as_o also_o net_n hook_n and_o line_n etc._n etc._n they_o be_v supply_v with_o from_o new-england_n and_o ireland_n and_o with_o wine_n oil_n and_o linen_n by_o the_o sâ—lt_n ship_n from_o france_n and_o spain_n in_o consequence_n whereof_o the_o labour_n as_o well_o as_o the_o feed_v and_o clothe_v of_o so_o many_o man_n be_v lose_v to_o england_n 2._o the_o planter_n settle_v there_o be_v most_o loose_a vagrant_a people_n and_o without_o order_n and_o government_n do_v keep_v dissolute_a house_n which_o have_v debauch_a seaman_n and_o divert_v they_o from_o their_o laborious_a and_o industrious_a call_v whereas_o before_o there_o be_v settlement_n there_o the_o seaman_n have_v no_o other_o resort_n during_o the_o fish_n season_n be_v the_o time_n of_o their_o abode_n in_o that_o country_n but_o to_o their_o ship_n which_o afford_v they_o convenient_a food_n and_o repose_n without_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o excess_n 3_o if_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o all_o trade_n nation_n principal_o to_o encourage_v navigation_n and_o to_o promote_v especial_o those_o trade_n which_o employ_v most_o ship_n than_o which_o nothing_o be_v more_o true_a nor_o more_o regard_v by_o the_o wife_n dutch_n then_o certain_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o england_n to_o discountenance_v and_o abate_v the_o number_n of_o planter_n at_o newfoundland_n for_o if_o they_o shall_v increase_v it_o will_v in_o a_o few_o year_n happen_v to_o we_o in_o relation_n to_o that_o country_n as_o it_o have_v to_o the_o fishery_n at_o new-england_n which_o many_o year_n since_o be_v manage_v by_o english_a ship_n from_o the_o western_a port_n but_o as_o plantation_n there_o increase_v fall_v to_o be_v the_o sole_a employment_n of_o people_n settle_v there_o and_o nothing_o of_o that_o trade_n leave_v the_o poor_a old_a englishman_n but_o the_o liberty_n of_o carry_v now_o and_o then_o by_o courtesy_n or_o purchase_n a_o ship_n load_v of_o fish_n to_o bilvoa_n when_o their_o own_o nâ—w-english_a ship_n be_v better_a employ_v or_o not_o at_o leisure_n to_o do_v it_o 4._o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o
of_o the_o gentry_n of_o the_o land_n which_o make_v the_o number_n of_o borrower_n so_o great_a and_o the_o number_n of_o borrower_n must_v of_o necessity_n make_v money_n the_o hard_a to_o be_v borrow_v whereas_o if_o use_n for_o money_n be_v at_o a_o low_a rate_n land_n as_o have_v be_v show_v will_v be_v much_o quick_a to_o be_v sell_v and_o at_o dear_a rate_n and_o so_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n will_v soon_o be_v out_o of_o debt_n and_o consequent_o the_o few_o borrower_n and_o so_o to_o tradesman_n and_o merchant_n money_n easy_a to_o be_v have_v further_o let_v we_o consider_v if_o money_n be_v call_v down_o what_o usurer_n will_v do_v with_o their_o money_n they_o will_v not_o i_o suppose_v long_o be_v sullen_a and_o keep_v it_o a_o dead_a stock_n by_o they_o for_o that_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o safe_a way_n of_o keep_v it_o they_o must_v then_o either_o employ_v it_o in_o trade_n purchase_v land_n or_o lend_v for_o use_v at_o such_o rate_n as_o the_o law_n will_v tolerate_v if_o it_o quicken_v trade_n that_o be_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v desire_v for_o that_o will_v enrich_v the_o kingdom_n and_o so_o make_v money_n plentiful_a and_o yet_o need_v not_o any_o borrower_n fear_v that_o money_n will_v so_o be_v employ_v in_o trade_n as_o that_o there_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a of_o money_n to_o purchase_v land_n where_o the_o purchaser_n may_v have_v as_o much_o or_o near_o so_o much_o rend_v by_o the_o purchase_n of_o land_n as_o he_o can_v by_o put_v his_o money_n to_o use_v for_o a_o great_a number_n of_o gentleman_n and_o other_o in_o the_o country_n know_v not_o how_o to_o employ_v any_o stock_n in_o trade_n but_o with_o great_a uncertainty_n and_o less_o satisfaction_n to_o themselves_o than_o the_o let_v of_o their_o money_n at_o a_o low_a rate_n or_o purchase_v land_n at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_v or_o upward_o no_o doubt_n for_o the_o present_a there_o will_v be_v great_a buy_n and_o sell_v of_o land_n till_o man_n have_v clear_v themselves_o and_o pay_v their_o debt_n but_o in_o short_a time_n land_n as_o it_o be_v show_v before_o will_v sell_v at_o so_o dear_a a_o rate_n as_o money_n let_v at_o a_o low_a rate_n of_o use_n will_v bring_v in_o proportion_n as_o great_a a_o rate_n above_o the_o rent_n that_o will_v be_v make_v then_o by_o the_o purchase_n of_o land_n as_o the_o rate_n of_o money_n now_o be_v above_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n purchase_v at_o fourteen_o or_o fifteen_o year_n purchase_v and_o so_o by_o consequence_n money_n will_v then_o as_o easy_o be_v borrow_v as_o it_o be_v now_o and_o so_o much_o easy_a as_o it_o will_v be_v more_o plentiful_a and_o few_o borrower_n to_o the_o last_o and_o weak_a of_o objection_n that_o there_o be_v now_o much_o money_n of_o foreigner_n in_o the_o land_n to_o be_v manage_v at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o which_o if_o money_n shall_v be_v call_v down_o will_v be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o land_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n it_o be_v true_a but_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v whether_o any_o man_n think_v it_o better_o for_o the_o state_n that_o they_o shall_v now_o carry_v out_o one_o hundred_o pound_n or_o seven_o year_n hence_o two_o or_o fourteen_o year_n hence_o four_o or_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n hence_o eight_o for_o so_o in_o effect_n upon_o the_o multiply_a of_o interest_n they_o do_v it_o will_v seem_v incredible_a to_o such_o as_o have_v not_o consider_v it_o but_o to_o any_o that_o will_v but_o cast_v it_o up_o it_o be_v plain_o manifest_a that_o a_o hundred_o pound_n manage_v at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o in_o seventy_o year_n multiply_v itself_o to_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n so_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n of_o foreigner_n money_n now_o manage_v here_o at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o and_o that_o do_v seem_v no_o great_a matter_n that_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n in_o threescore_o and_o ten_o year_n which_o be_v but_o the_o age_n of_o a_o man_n will_v carry_v out_o ten_o million_o which_o i_o believe_v be_v more_o than_o all_o the_o coin_n at_o this_o present_a in_o the_o land_n i_o know_v we_o can_v conceive_v how_o any_o such_o sum_n shall_v be_v manage_v at_o interest_n yet_o this_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v we_o little_a to_o joy_n in_o foreigner_n money_n beside_o we_o must_v not_o conceive_v that_o the_o money_n of_o foreigner_n which_o be_v here_o manage_v at_o usury_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o land_n in_o ready_a coin_n or_o bullion_n the_o course_n be_v that_o merchant_n send_v over_o bill_n of_o exchange_n to_o their_o factor_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v our_o money_n here_o and_o this_o be_v the_o money_n they_o manage_v at_o interest_n and_o so_o they_o eat_v we_o out_o with_o our_o own_o money_n the_o old_a comparison_n which_o compare_v usury_n to_o the_o butler_n box_n deserve_v to_o be_v remember_v whilst_o man_n be_v at_o play_n they_o feel_v not_o what_o they_o give_v to_o the_o box_n but_o at_o the_o end_n of_o christmas_n it_o make_v all_o or_o near_o all_o gamester_n loser_n and_o i_o fear_v the_o comparison_n hold_v thus_o much_o far_o that_o there_o be_v as_o few_o escape_n that_o continue_v in_o usury_n as_o that_o continue_v gamester_n a_o man_n may_v play_v once_o or_o twice_o and_o leave_v a_o winner_n but_o the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v seldom_o without_o ruin_n now_o because_o i_o know_v man_n private_a interest_n do_v many_o time_n blind_v their_o judgement_n and_o lest_o any_o may_v be_v tempt_v for_o their_o own_o against_o the_o public_a good_a i_o will_v desire_v they_o to_o remember_v that_o if_o they_o have_v land_n as_o well_o as_o money_n that_o what_o they_o lose_v in_o their_o money_n they_o shall_v get_v it_o in_o their_o land_n for_o land_n and_o money_n be_v ever_o in_o balance_n one_o against_o the_o other_o and_o where_o money_n be_v dear_a land_n be_v cheap_a and_o where_o money_n be_v cheap_a land_n be_v dear_a and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o yet_o so_o hearty_a a_o wellwisher_a to_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o as_o that_o he_o still_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o be_v continue_v my_o wish_n be_v that_o he_o and_o his_o posterity_n may_v have_v the_o privilege_n to_o borrow_v but_o not_o to_o lend_v at_o that_o rate_n in_o the_o baginning_n of_o this_o treatise_n i_o do_v disclaim_v the_o proof_n of_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o usury_n leave_v they_o to_o divine_n this_o one_o only_a rise_v from_o the_o premise_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o all_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o set_v down_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o the_o divine_n that_o ever_o be_v without_o exception_n of_o any_o yea_o and_o by_o the_o usurer_n themselves_o that_o bite_a usury_n be_v unlawful_a now_o since_o it_o have_v be_v prove_v that_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o do_v bite_v the_o land_a man_n do_v bite_v the_o poor_a do_v bite_v trade_n do_v bite_v the_o king_n in_o his_o custom_n do_v bite_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o land_n and_o most_o of_o all_o the_o land_n itself_o do_v bite_v all_o work_n of_o piety_n of_o virtue_n and_o glory_n to_o the_o state_n no_o man_n can_v deny_v but_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o be_v absolute_o unlawful_a howsoever_o happy_o a_o lesser_a rate_n may_v be_v otherwise_o to_o the_o king_n increase_v of_o his_o custom_n to_o the_o kingdom_n increase_n of_o land_n by_o enrich_v of_o this_o to_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n deliverance_n from_o bondage_n and_o debt_n to_o merchant_n continuance_n and_o flourish_a in_o their_o trade_n to_o young_a beginner_n in_o trade_n and_o commerce_n the_o fruit_n of_o their_o own_o labour_n to_o labourer_n quick_a employment_n to_o usurer_n land_n for_o the_o money_n postscript_n since_o the_o foregoing_a paper_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o press_n mr_n henry_n daker_n merchant_n send_v i_o a_o most_o rational_a and_o admirable_a treatise_n concern_v trade_n call_v england_n interest_n and_o improvement_n write_v by_o samuel_n fortrey_n esq_n one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o majesty_n privy_a chamber_n in_o which_o he_o mention_n something_o concern_v the_o interest_n of_o money_n in_o the_o follow_a word_n pag._n 42._o viz._n in_o the_o last_o place_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o money_n which_o be_v the_o life_n and_o sinew_n of_o trade_n it_o have_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o that_o the_o great_a use_n be_v allow_v for_o money_n the_o more_o will_v be_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o public_a for_o that_o stranger_n find_v a_o great_a benefit_n to_o be_v make_v of_o their_o money_n here_o than_o other_o where_o will_v send_v it_o hither_o whereby_o money_n will_v be_v much_o more_o plentiful_a among_o we_o indeed_o i_o shall_v be_v of_o their_o opinion_n if_o as_o soon_o as_o by_o this_o mean_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v transport_v hither_o all_o their_o money_n shall_v be_v confiscate_v to_o the_o public_a but_o if_o otherwise_o sure_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o the_o great_a the_o use_n the_o more_o the_o profit_n to_o the_o usurer_n and_o loss_n to_o the_o debtor_n so_o as_o in_o a_o few_o year_n we_o shall_v find_v ourselves_o so_o little_o enrich_v thereby_o that_o when_o the_o principal_a shall_v be_v again_o recall_v we_o shall_v find_v but_o little_a money_n leave_v all_o our_o own_o be_v waste_v in_o use_n wherefore_o indeed_o the_o true_a benefit_n to_o the_o public_a be_v to_o set_v the_o use_n of_o money_n as_o low_a or_o rather_o low_a than_o in_o our_o neighbour_n country_n it_o be_v for_o than_o they_o will_v make_v no_o profit_n out_o of_o we_o by_o that_o mean_n but_o rather_o we_o on_o they_o and_o it_o be_v the_o clear_a profit_n that_o we_o get_v of_o our_o own_o that_o will_v make_v this_o nation_n rich_a and_o not_o the_o great_a sum_n we_o be_v indebt_v to_o other_o which_o i_o have_v here_o insert_v for_o such_o like_a reason_n first_o that_o the_o world_n may_v see_v i_o be_o not_o singular_a in_o this_o opinion_n although_o i_o think_v i_o have_v be_v so_o when_o first_o i_o write_v the_o aforesaid_a observation_n second_o for_o confirmation_n of_o the_o truth_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o person_n of_o such_o know_a ability_n three_o to_o give_v the_o author_n his_o due_a honour_n of_o be_v the_o first_o observer_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o be_o sorry_a i_o know_v not_o the_o ingenious_a author_n of_o the_o former_a tract_n that_o i_o may_v do_v right_a to_o his_o memory_n who_o have_v do_v more_o for_o his_o country_n than_o will_v have_v be_v the_o gift_n of_o some_o million_o of_o pound_n sterling_n into_o the_o public_a exchequer_n finis_fw-la