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meaning_n be_v not_o in_o this_o treatise_n to_o handle_v the_o nature_n and_o propiety_n of_o these_o two_o element_n water_n &_o earth_n far_o than_o may_v seem_v necessary_a for_o the_o geographical_a constitution_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n leave_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o natural_a philosopher_n because_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o few_o man_n undertake_v the_o study_n of_o this_o science_n without_o some_o insight_n in_o the_o other_o and_o to_o speak_v truth_n this_o begin_v where_o the_o natural_a philosopher_n end_v yet_o because_o some_o light_n in_o each_o learning_n be_v necessary_o require_v â—nd_v all_o man_n be_v not_o willing_a to_o seek_v far_o into_o the_o ground_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n it_o will_v not_o seem_v altogether_o impertinent_a to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n far_o off_o that_o the_o build_n thereon_o erect_v may_v stand_v sure_a and_o strong_a wherefore_o take_v some_o beginning_n from_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o earthly_a globe_n we_o have_v 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contain_v itself_o within_o its_o own_o bound_n or_o limit_n as_o aristotle_n teach_v we_o must_v needs_o require_v a_o hard_a and_o solid_a body_n whereon_o to_o support_v itself_o which_o body_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v great_a in_o quantity_n 2_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n together_o make_v one_o sphere_n it_o may_v be_v probable_o collect_v from_o sundry_a place_n of_o holy_a scripture_n that_o in_o the_o first_o creation_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v round_o and_o uniform_a be_v overwhelm_v and_o compass_v round_o with_o water_n as_o yet_o unfurnished_a of_o live_a creature_n second_o it_o appear_v that_o almighty_a god_n afterward_o make_v a_o separation_n betwixt_o the_o water_n and_o dry-land_n this_o separation_n aâ—_n far_o as_o reason_n may_v be_v admit_v as_o judge_n seem_v to_o be_v effect_v one_o of_o these_o two_o way_n either_o by_o give_v supernatural_a bound_n and_o limit_n unto_o the_o water_n not_o suffer_v they_o to_o invade_v the_o dry-land_n or_o else_o by_o alter_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n cast_v it_o into_o inequal_a part_n so_o that_o somewhere_o some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v take_v away_o empty_a channel_n or_o concavity_n may_v be_v leave_v to_o receive_v the_o water_n otherwhere_a by_o heap_v up_o the_o part_n so_o take_v away_o whence_o be_v cause_v mountain_n and_o eminent_a place_n on_o the_o earth_n the_o former_a of_o these_o way_n seem_v altogether_o improbable_a forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v very_o unlikely_a to_o imagine_v that_o god_n in_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o nature_n shall_v impose_v a_o perpetual_a violence_n upon_o nature_n as_o hereafter_o in_o place_n more_o convenient_a shall_v be_v demonstrate_v wherefore_o take_v the_o late_a as_o more_o consonant_n to_o reason_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o water_n &_o the_o earth_n separate_v and_o divide_v make_v not_o two_o separate_a and_o distinct_a 〈◊〉_d globe_n but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o sphere_n forasmuch_o as_o
southpart_n be_v diminish_v the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o magnet_n have_v eminent_o in_o it_o the_o circle_n which_o be_v in_o the_o earth_n be_v separate_v or_o divide_v by_o a_o middle_a line_n or_o aequator_fw-la from_o which_o middle_a space_n the_o virtue_n be_v convey_v towards_o either_o pole_n as_o we_o have_v before_o show_v now_o any_o part_n be_v take_v away_o from_o the_o north_n or_o south_n part_n this_o aequator_fw-la or_o middle_a line_n be_v remove_v from_o his_o former_a place_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o portion_n which_o be_v leave_v and_o so_o consequent_o both_o part_n be_v less_o than_o before_o for_o although_o these_o two_o end_n seem_v opposite_a yet_o be_v one_o comfort_v and_o increase_v by_o the_o other_o 9_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o coition_n and_o direction_n we_o have_v handle_v it_o follow_v that_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o second_o order_n to_o wit_n variation_n and_o declination_n 10_o variation_n be_v the_o deviation_n or_o turn_v aside_o of_o the_o directory_n magnetical_a needle_n from_o the_o true_a point_n of_o north_n or_o the_o true_a meridian_n towards_o east_n or_o west_n in_o the_o discourse_n immediate_o go_v before_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o magnetical_a body_n we_o have_v imagine_v it_o to_o be_v true_a and_o point_v out_o the_o true_a north_n and_o south_n point_v of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n which_o certain_o will_v be_v so_o if_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o earthly_a globe_n be_v in_o all_o part_n and_o place_n alike_o equal_o partake_v the_o magnetical_a virtue_n as_o some_o round_a loadstone_n neither_o shall_v we_o find_v any_o variation_n or_o deviation_n at_o all_o from_o the_o true_a meridian_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o because_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v find_v by_o navigatour_n to_o be_v unequal_o mix_v with_o many_o material_n which_o differ_v from_o the_o magnetical_a substance_n as_o furnish_v with_o rocky_a hill_n or_o large_a valley_n continent_n &_o land_n 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betwixt_o the_o common_a intersection_n with_o the_o true_a meridian_n and_o his_o deviation_n this_o effect_n proceed_v from_o the_o inequality_n of_o magnetical_a virtue_n scatter_v in_o the_o earth_n some_o have_v ascribe_v to_o certain_a rock_n or_o mountain_n of_o loadstone_n distant_a some_o degree_n from_o the_o true_a pole_n of_o the_o world_n which_o rock_n they_o have_v term_v the_o pole_n of_o the_o loadstone_n as_o that_o whereunto_o the_o magnet_n shall_v dispose_v and_o conform_v itself_o which_o conceit_n long_o ago_o invent_v be_v afterward_o enlarge_v and_o trim_v over_o by_o fracastorius_fw-la but_o this_o opinion_n be_v a_o mere_a conjecture_n without_o ground_n for_o what_o navigatour_n can_v he_o ever_o produce_v that_o be_v eye-witness_n of_o this_o mystery_n or_o how_o can_v he_o induce_v any_o judicious_a man_n to_o believe_v that_o which_o himself_o nor_o any_o to_o his_o knowledge_n ever_o see_v the_o relation_n that_o the_o friar_n of_o noruegia_n make_v of_o the_o friar_n of_o oxford_n discovery_n record_v by_o james_n cnoien_n in_o the_o book_n of_o his_o travel_n where_o he_o speak_v of_o these_o matter_n be_v common_o reject_v as_o fabulous_a and_o ridiculous_a for_o have_v there_o be_v any_o such_o matter_n it_o be_v likely_a he_o will_v have_v leave_v some_o monument_n of_o it_o in_o the_o record_n of_o his_o own_o university_n rather_o than_o to_o have_v communicate_v it_o to_o a_o friend_n as_o far_o off_o as_o noruegia_n moreover_o the_o disproportion_n in_o the_o degree_n of_o variation_n in_o place_n of_o equal_a distance_n will_v easy_o correct_v this_o error_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o due_a place_n more_o vain_a and_o frivolous_a be_v all_o the_o opinion_n of_o other_o concern_v this_o magnetical_a variation_n as_o that_o of_o cortesius_n of_o a_o certain_a motive_n virtue_n or_o power_n without_o the_o heaven_n that_o of_o marsilius_n ficiâ—us_n of_o a_o star_n in_o the_o bear_n that_o of_o petrus_n peregrinus_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n that_o of_o cardan_n of_o the_o rise_n of_o a_o star_n in_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o bear_n that_o of_o bestardus_fw-la gallus_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o zodiac_n that_o of_o livius_n sanutus_n of_o a_o certain_a magnetical_a meridian_n of_o francis_n maurolycus_n of_o a_o magnetical_a island_n of_o scaliger_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o mountain_n of_o robert_n norman_n of_o a_o respective_a point_n or_o place_n all_o which_o writer_n seek_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o variation_n have_v find_v it_o no_o further_o off_o then_o their_o own_o fancy_n more_o probable_a by_o far_o and_o consonant_a to_o experience_n shall_v we_o find_v their_o opinion_n which_o will_v have_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o variation_n be_v in_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o magnetical_a eminency_n scatter_v in_o the_o earth_n this_o inequality_n may_v be_v perceive_v to_o be_v twofold_a 1_o in_o that_o some_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v the_o magnetical_a mineral_n more_o than_o other_o part_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o superficies_n of_o some_o part_n be_v solid_a earth_n as_o in_o great_a continent_n 2_o because_o although_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v magnetical_a especial_o in_o the_o internal_a and_o profound_a part_n yet_o the_o magnetical_a virtue_n belong_v to_o those_o part_n be_v not_o always_o so_o vigorous_a and_o eminent_a as_o in_o some_o other_o part_n as_o we_o see_v one_o loadstone_n to_o be_v strong_a or_o weak_a than_o another_o in_o virtue_n and_o power_n but_o of_o those_o two_o the_o former_a be_v more_o remarkable_a which_o may_v be_v show_v by_o experience_n of_o such_o as_o have_v sail_v along_o many_o seacoa-stes_a for_o if_o a_o sea-iourney_n be_v make_v from_o the_o shore_n of_o guinea_n by_o cape_n verde_n by_o the_o canary_n land_n the_o bound_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n from_o thence_o by_o the_o confine_n of_o spain_n france_n england_n belgia_n germany_n denmark_n 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space_n near_o the_o canary_n land_n the_o directory_n needle_n respect_v the_o true_a pole_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n or_o at_o least_o show_v very_o little_a variation_n not_o for_o the_o agreement_n of_o the_o magnetical_a meridian_n of_o that_o place_n with_o the_o true_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o rock_n of_o loadstone_n as_o some_o have_v imagine_v because_o in_o the_o same_o meridian_n pass_v by_o brasile_n it_o fall_v out_o far_o otherwise_o but_o rather_o because_o of_o the_o terrestrial_a continent_n on_o both_o side_n which_o almost_o divide_v the_o magnetical_a vigour_n so_o that_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n be_v not_o force_v one_o way_n more_o than_o another_o the_o manner_n whereof_o we_o shall_v find_v in_o d._n gilbert_n express_v in_o a_o apt_a figure_n to_o who_o for_o further_a satisfaction_n i_o refer_v the_o reader_n 1_o the_o magnetical_a variation_n have_v no_o certain_a pole_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n it_o be_v but_o a_o common_a
receive_a error_n as_o we_o have_v mention_v that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a rock_n or_o pole_n of_o loadstone_n some_o degree_n distant_a from_o the_o true_a pole_n of_o the_o world_n which_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n in_o its_o variation_n shall_v respect_v this_o pole_n they_o have_v imagine_v to_o be_v in_o the_o same_o meridian_n with_o that_o which_o pass_v by_o the_o azore_n whence_o they_o have_v labour_v to_o show_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o compass_n shall_v not_o vary_v in_o that_o place_n which_o they_o explain_v by_o this_o figure_n let_v there_o be_v a_o circle_n describe_v the_o sphere_n e_o of_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o arctic_a pole_n a_o the_o antarctic_a â—_o the_o pole_n or_o rock_n of_o loadstone_n place_v out_o of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n b._n let_v there_o be_v place_v a_o magnetical_a directory_n needle_n in_o h_n it_o will_v according_a to_o their_o assertion_n tend_v to_o the_o point_n b_o by_o the_o magnetical_a meridian_n h_n b_o which_o because_o it_o concurre_v with_o the_o true_a meridian_n b_o a_o or_o h_n a_o there_o will_v be_v no_o variation_n at_o all_o but_o a_o true_a direction_n to_o the_o north_n pole_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o let_v this_o magnetical_a needle_n be_v place_v in_o the_o point_n d_o it_o be_v certain_a according_a to_o this_o opinion_n that_o it_o will_v tend_v to_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o loadstone_n b_o by_o the_o magnetical_a meridian_n d_o b._n wherefore_o it_o will_v not_o point_v out_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n a_o but_o rather_o the_o point_n c_o because_o these_o two_o meridian_n come_v not_o into_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_o hence_o they_o have_v labour_v with_o more_o hope_n than_o success_n â—o_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n of_o any_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n without_o any_o observation_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o i_o confess_v may_v easy_o be_v effect_v if_o this_o conjecture_n may_v stand_v with_o true_a observation_n but_o how_o far_o this_o conceit_n swerve_v from_o the_o experience_n of_o navigatour_n one_o or_o two_o instance_n will_v serve_v to_o demonstrate_v for_o if_o the_o variation_n have_v any_o such_o certain_a pole_n as_o they_o imagine_v than_o will_v the_o arch_n of_o variation_n be_v increase_v or_o diminish_v proportional_o according_a to_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n as_o for_o example_n if_o in_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o hundred_o mile_n the_o compass_n be_v vary_v one_o degree_n then_o in_o the_o next_o hundred_o mile_n it_o will_v vary_v another_o degree_n which_o will_v make_v two_o degree_n but_o this_o have_v often_o be_v prove_v otherwise_o by_o diverse_a experiment_n of_o navigation_n mention_v by_o gilbert_n and_o f._n wright_n i_o will_v only_o produce_v one_o or_o two_o if_o a_o ship_n sail_n from_o the_o sorlinge_n to_o newfoundland_n they_o have_v observe_v that_o when_o they_o come_v so_o far_o as_o to_o find_v the_o compass_n to_o point_v direct_o north_n without_o any_o variation_n at_o all_o then_o pass_v onward_o there_o will_v be_v a_o variation_n towards_o the_o north-east_n but_o obscure_a and_o little_a then_o afterward_o will_v the_o arch_n of_o this_o variation_n increase_v with_o like_a space_n in_o a_o great_a proportion_n until_o they_o approach_v near_o the_o continent_n where_o they_o shall_v find_v a_o very_a great_a variation_n yet_o before_o they_o come_v a_o shore_n this_o variation_n will_v decrease_v again_o from_o which_o one_o instance_n if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o arch_n of_o variation_n be_v not_o always_o proportionable_a to_o the_o distance_n which_o grant_v quite_o overthrow_v that_o conceit_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o variation_n beside_o this_o if_o there_o be_v two_o such_o magnetical_a pole_n there_o can_v be_v but_o one_o common_a meridian_n pass_v by_o they_o and_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earthly_a globe_n but_o by_o many_o observation_n collect_v and_o observe_v by_o ed._n wright_n and_o other_o there_o shall_v be_v many_o magnetical_a meridian_n pass_v by_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n as_o in_o the_o meridian_n about_o trinidado_n and_o bermuda_n the_o meridian_n about_o the_o westermost_a of_o the_o azore_n last_o the_o meridian_n run_v among_o the_o east_n indian_a land_n a_o little_a beyond_o java_n maior_n the_o magnetical_a and_o true_a meridian_n must_v needs_o agree_v in_o one_o now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o these_o magnetical_a meridian_n pass_n by_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o can_v no_o cause_n be_v assign_v why_o the_o magnetical_a pole_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o one_o rather_o than_o another_o and_o if_o in_o any_o then_o in_o all_o whence_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o as_o many_o magnetical_a meridian_n as_n you_o have_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o true_a pole_n of_o the_o world_n so_o many_o pair_n of_o magnetical_a pole_n must_v you_o have_v which_o will_v be_v opposite_a to_o all_o reason_n and_o experience_n 1_o the_o point_n of_o variation_n as_o of_o direction_n be_v only_o respective_a not_o attractive_a it_o be_v suppose_v by_o the_o ancient_n that_o the_o direction_n and_o variation_n of_o the_o loadstone_n be_v cause_v by_o a_o attractive_a point_n which_o draw_v and_o enforce_v the_o lily_n of_o the_o compass_n that_o way_n which_o error_n take_v place_n from_o another_o common-received_n opinion_n that_o all_o the_o other_o motion_n of_o the_o magnet_n be_v reduce_v to_o the_o attractive_a operation_n but_o the_o error_n be_v correct_v by_o one_o robert_n norman_n a_o englishman_n who_o find_v this_o point_n to_o be_v respective_a and_o no_o way_n attractive_a who_o reason_n or_o demonstration_n be_v not_o disapprove_v by_o dr_n gilbert_n although_o in_o other_o matter_n he_o sharp_o tax_v he_o his_o experiment_n be_v thus_o let_v there_o be_v a_o round_a vessel_n as_o we_o have_v describe_v full_o of_o water_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o water-place_n a_o iron-wier_n in_o a_o convenient_a round_a cork_n or_o boat_n that_o it_o may_v swim_v upon_o the_o water_n even_o poyze_v let_v this_o iron-wire_n be_v first_o touch_v with_o the_o loadstone_n that_o it_o may_v more_o strong_o show_v the_o point_n of_o variation_n let_v this_o point_n of_o variation_n be_v d_o let_v this_o iron-wire_n rest_n upon_o the_o water_n in_o the_o cork_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n it_o be_v certain_o true_a that_o this_o iron-wire_n in_o the_o cork_n will_v not_o move_v itself_o to_o the_o margin_n or_o brink_n of_o the_o vessel_n d_o which_o certain_o it_o will_v do_v if_o the_o point_n d_o be_v a_o attractive_a point_n 3_o the_o variation_n of_o every_o place_n be_v constant_a and_o not_o variable_a this_o have_v be_v ratify_v by_o the_o experience_n of_o navigatour_n which_o in_o the_o selfsame_o region_n have_v never_o miss_v the_o true_a variation_n which_o they_o have_v assign_v they_o before_o if_o any_o difference_n be_v assign_v in_o variation_n to_o the_o same_o region_n we_o may_v impute_v it_o to_o their_o error_n which_o observe_v it_o arise_v either_o from_o want_n of_o skill_n or_o convenient_a instrument_n neither_o can_v this_o ever_o be_v change_v except_o some_o great_a deluge_n or_o dissolution_n happen_v of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o land_n as_o plato_n record_v of_o his_o atlantic_a land_n 4_o the_o variation_n be_v great_a in_o place_n near_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n this_o proportion_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v universal_o but_o common_o for_o the_o most_o part_n yet_o will_v it_o have_v truth_n in_o all_o place_n if_o all_o other_o thing_n be_v correspondent_a it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o variation_n be_v great_a on_o the_o coast_n of_o norway_n and_o the_o low-countries_n then_o at_o morocco_n or_o guinea_n for_o at_o guinea_n the_o magnetical_a needle_n incline_v to_o the_o east_n a_o three_o part_n of_o one_o rumbe_n of_o the_o compass_n in_o the_o land_n of_o cape-verde_a half_a in_o the_o coast_n of_o morocco_n two_o three_o part_n in_o england_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o thames_n according_a to_o the_o observation_n of_o d._n gilbert_n and_o ed._n wright_n though_o some_o deny_v it_o one_o whole_a rumbe_n in_o london_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o it_o eleven_o degree_n and_o more_o which_o we_o also_o find_v or_o thereabouts_o in_o oxford_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o magnetical_a motive_n virtue_n be_v strong_a in_o the_o great_a latitude_n increase_v towards_o the_o pole_n and_o the_o large_a region_n of_o land_n lie_v towards_o the_o pole_n prevail_v more_o than_o those_o which_o be_v situate_v far_o off_o 12_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o variation_n the_o declination_n be_v a_o magnetical_a motion_n whereby_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n convert_v itself_o under_o the_o horizontall_a plain_a towards_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n what_o we_o have_v hitherto_o speak_v of_o direction_n and_o variation_n magnetical_a be_v such_o as_o may_v be_v
cause_v common_o two_o way_n either_o by_o contagion_n natural_o incident_a to_o diverse_a place_n or_o by_o hostile_a invasion_n and_o devastation_n of_o this_o latter_a arise_v two_o main_a effect_n the_o first_o be_v the_o want_n and_o scarcity_n of_o inhabitant_n which_o shall_v dress_v and_o manure_v the_o ground_n to_o make_v it_o more_o fruitful_a and_o accommodate_v to_o man_n use_n the_o second_o be_v their_o poverty_n and_o captivity_n whereof_o the_o one_o make_v they_o unable_a the_o second_o unwilling_a to_o effect_v any_o great_a matter_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o land_n a_o good_a instance_n whereof_o we_o may_v find_v in_o the_o land_n of_o palestine_n which_o in_o time_n pass_v by_o god_n himself_o be_v call_v a_o land_n flow_v with_o milk_n and_o honey_n for_o the_o admirable_a pleasantness_n and_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n yet_o at_o this_o day_n if_o we_o will_v credit_v traveller_n report_v a_o most_o barren_a region_n devoid_a almost_o of_o all_o good_a commodity_n fit_a for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n in_o the_o ruin_n of_o which_o sometime_o famous_a kingdom_n every_o bleere-eyed_n judgement_n may_v easy_o read_v god_n curse_v long_o since_o denounce_v which_o strange_a alteration_n next_o unto_o god_n anger_n we_o can_v ascribe_v to_o no_o other_o cause_n then_o the_o hostile_a invasion_n of_o foreign_a enemy_n which_o have_v almost_o lâ—ft_a the_o land_n waste_n without_o the_o native_a inhabitant_n whence_o it_o can_v not_o choose_v in_o a_o short_a time_n but_o degenerate_a from_o the_o ancient_a fruitfulness_n the_o like_a may_v we_o find_v in_o all_o those_o miserable_a region_n which_o groan_n at_o this_o day_n under_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o usurp_a turk_n whence_o a_o proverb_n run_v currant_n among_o they_o that_o where_o the_o turk_n horse_n have_v once_o graze_v no_o grass_n will_v ever_o aftâ—r_o grow_v which_o signify_v no_o other_o than_o the_o barbarous_a manner_n of_o the_o turk_n have_v once_o conquer_v a_o land_n to_o lay_v it_o open_v ever_o after_o to_o devastation_n for_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n warlike_a man_n train_v up_o in_o martial_a discipline_n they_o little_a or_o nothing_o at_o all_o regard_n the_o use_n of_o husbandry_n whence_o in_o short_a time_n a_o country_n must_v needs_o turn_n wild_a and_o unfruitful_a to_o these_o cause_n we_o may_v add_v the_o influence_n of_o heavenly_a constellation_n which_o be_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o time_n produce_v no_o small_a effect_n in_o the_o change_n and_o alteration_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o diverse_a alteration_n in_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o be_v our_o second_o point_n we_o have_v referâ—â—ed_v to_o another_o place_n near_o the_o end_n of_o this_o tract_n to_o which_o be_v proper_o appertain_v 3_o place_n have_v long_o continue_v without_o habitation_n be_v seldom_o so_o healthy_a and_o fit_a for_o dwell_v as_o those_o which_o have_v be_v inhabit_v this_o proposition_n i_o have_v know_v to_o be_v warrant_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o many_o experience_a navigator_n in_o so_o much_o as_o i_o presume_v few_o man_n can_v doubt_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o who_o have_v either_o be_v a_o travaller_n himself_o into_o far_a country_n or_o at_o least_o have_v read_v other_o man_n discovery_n the_o only_a matter_n therefore_o we_o here_o intend_v be_v to_o produce_v certain_a cause_n of_o this_o effect_n to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o such_o as_o make_v a_o distinction_n betwixt_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o effect_n and_o inquiry_n of_o the_o cause_n the_o first_o cause_n which_o i_o can_v allege_v be_v the_o industry_n of_o mankind_n inhabit_v any_o country_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a theorem_a out_o of_o which_o arise_v a_o twofold_a effect_n 1_o the_o improve_v of_o the_o soil_n by_o remove_v all_o such_o impediment_n as_o otherwise_o will_v prove_v noisome_a to_o mankind_n for_o whereas_o all_o thing_n grow_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n be_v suffer_v to_o rot_v into_o the_o ground_n in_o like_a manner_n what_o other_o can_v we_o expect_v but_o fen_n fog_n and_o noisome_a vapour_n altogether_o hurtful_a to_o the_o welfare_n and_o life_n of_o man_n 2_o the_o profit_n of_o man_n industry_n be_v no_o less_o apparent_a in_o manure_v the_o ground_n and_o open_v the_o upper_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v compose_v of_o diverse_a substance_n send_v forth_o many_o time_n certain_a hot_a fume_n and_o vapour_n which_o in_o many_o cold_a country_n mollify_v the_o usual_a rigour_n of_o the_o air_n which_o most_o offend_v the_o inhabitant_n this_o reason_n be_v give_v by_o my_o countryman_n captain_n whitborne_n for_o the_o extreme_a cold_a which_o some_o man_n profess_v themselves_o to_o have_v try_v in_o newfoundland_n which_o nevertheless_o according_a to_o many_o man_n description_n be_v know_v to_o lie_v far_o more_o south_n than_o england_n for_o the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n drive_v into_o the_o north_n part_n by_o the_o european_n who_o usual_o trade_n there_o for_o fish_n and_o they_o themselves_o live_v altogether_o on_o fish_n from_o the_o sea_n or_o some_o wild_a beast_n on_o the_o land_n as_o bear_n dear_a and_o such_o like_a without_o any_o manure_n of_o the_o ground_n for_o herbage_n the_o soil_n by_o they_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n leave_v altogether_o unmanured_a so_o that_o neither_o the_o soil_n can_v be_v well_o cleanse_v from_o noisome_a vapour_n arise_v from_o the_o putrefaction_n of_o herbage_n rot_v as_o i_o say_v into_o the_o ground_n or_o leave_v free_a to_o send_v out_o such_o wholesome_a fume_n and_o vapour_n from_o its_o interior_a part_n which_o may_v warm_v the_o air_n and_o preserve_v mankind_n 3_o a_o three_o reason_n draw_v from_o man_n industry_n that_o those_o country_n which_o have_v enjoy_v inhabitant_n by_o the_o continual_a use_n of_o fire_n have_v their_o air_n more_o purge_v and_o refine_v from_o drossy_a and_o noisome_a vapour_n which_o usual_o arise_v out_o of_o a_o contagious_a soil_n daily_o infect_v by_o putrefaction_n for_o scarce_o any_o nation_n have_v be_v know_v so_o barbarous_a and_o ignorant_a which_o have_v not_o the_o invention_n and_o use_n of_o fire_n neither_o be_v any_o infection_n of_o the_o air_n so_o pestilent_a and_o opposite_a to_o humane_a constitution_n which_o the_o breath_n of_o fire_n will_v not_o in_o some_o sort_n dispel_v if_o any_o man_n object_n the_o distance_n of_o house_n and_o village_n wherein_o fire_n be_v use_v which_o seem_v to_o claim_v a_o small_a interest_n in_o the_o change_n of_o the_o air_n hang_v over_o a_o whole_a country_n let_v he_o well_o consider_v the_o quickness_n of_o motion_n and_o fluidity_n of_o the_o air_n pass_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o moment_n from_o one_o place_n to_o the_o other_o and_o he_o may_v soon_o answer_v his_o own_o objection_n all_o those_o reason_n hitherto_o mention_v a_o inhabit_a region_n owe_v to_o man_n industry_n which_o we_o general_o touch_v in_o the_o precedent_n theorem_a the_o second_o cause_n which_o be_v as_o a_o consequent_a of_o habitation_n be_v the_o necessity_n of_o breathe_v of_o people_n live_v in_o any_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n whereby_o may_v follow_v two_o effect_n 1_o a_o certain_a measure_n of_o heat_n impress_v into_o the_o air_n as_o we_o see_v in_o any_o room_n in_o a_o great_a throng_n of_o people_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o breathe_n together_o in_o one_o place_n 2_o the_o assimilation_n of_o the_o air_n to_o humane_a body_n by_o a_o continual_a respiration_n these_o alteration_n of_o the_o air_n may_v perhaps_o to_o common_a apprehension_n seem_v small_a and_o insensible_a but_o he_o that_o consider_v how_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o air_n be_v requisite_a for_o a_o man_n respiration_n and_o the_o space_n and_o extent_n of_o motion_n together_o with_o the_o multitude_n of_o inhabitant_n in_o a_o populous_a country_n will_v hold_v it_o no_o strange_a matter_n that_o the_o breathe_n of_o man_n shall_v breed_v such_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o air_n we_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o strong_a build_v house_n be_v leave_v tenantlesse_a will_v soon_o fall_v into_o decay_n not_o so_o much_o for_o want_v of_o reparation_n as_o the_o foggy_a vapour_n and_o moisture_n cause_v by_o want_n of_o respiration_n the_o like_a whereof_o in_o some_o proportion_n may_v we_o imagine_v to_o be_v in_o a_o region_n want_v inhabitant_n and_o deprive_v of_o this_o benefit_n of_o nature_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o general_n adjunct_n of_o place_n 1_o in_o a_o place_n topographical_o take_v two_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v 1._o the_o adjunct_n 2_o the_o description_n the_o adjunct_n be_v such_o propriety_n as_o agree_v to_o special_a place_n 2_o such_o adjunct_n agree_v to_o a_o place_n either_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o earth_n itself_o or_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n those_o which_o agree_v to_o a_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o
our_o eastern_a wind_n be_v find_v to_o be_v dry_a of_o all_o other_o whereof_o no_o other_o cause_n can_v be_v give_v then_o that_o it_o come_v over_o a_o great_a continent_n of_o land_n lie_v towards_o the_o east_n out_o of_o which_o many_o dry_a and_o earthly_a exhalation_n be_v draw_v so_o the_o western_a wind_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v very_o moist_a because_o it_o pass_v over_o the_o huge_a atlantic_a ocean_n which_o must_v needs_o cast_v forth_o many_o watery_a and_o moist_a vapour_n which_o beget_v rain_n and_o shower_n from_o the_o moisture_n of_o which_o western_a wind_n some_o have_v seek_v out_o a_o answer_n to_o that_o problem_n why_o hunt_v hound_n shall_v not_o send_v nor_o hunt_v so_o well_o the_o wind_n be_v in_o the_o west_n as_o at_o other_o time_n for_o say_v they_o it_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o moisture_n of_o it_o either_o in_o make_v hindrance_n to_o their_o leg_n in_o run_v or_o at_o least_o to_o their_o smell_n be_v very_o thick_a and_o foggy_a in_o this_o western_a wind_n we_o may_v also_o perceive_v much_o cold_a which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o quality_n of_o those_o watery_a vapour_n through_o which_o it_o pass_v which_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o water_n be_v natural_o cold_a in_o our_o south_n wind_n we_o shall_v find_v both_o heat_n and_o moisture_n whereof_o the_o former_a arise_v from_o the_o sun_n which_o in_o those_o southern_a region_n near_o the_o equatour_n be_v most_o predominant_a the_o latter_a from_o the_o natural_a disposition_n of_o the_o place_n because_o before_o it_o approach_v our_o coast_n it_o pass_v over_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n out_o of_o which_o the_o sun_n beget_v abundance_n of_o watery_a vapour_n which_o mix_v themselves_o with_o the_o wind_n final_o the_o northwind_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v cold_a and_o dry_a it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v cold_a because_o it_o be_v carry_v over_o diverse_a cold_a and_o snowy_a place_n most_o remote_a from_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v dry_a because_o it_o pass_v over_o many_o land_n and_o dry_a place_n send_v out_o store_n of_o dry_a exhalation_n as_o also_o because_o the_o sun_n be_v very_o remote_a from_o those_o region_n few_o exhalation_n be_v draw_v up_o which_o may_v infect_v it_o by_o impression_n of_o their_o watery_a quality_n these_o instance_n may_v serve_v to_o prove_v our_o assertion_n that_o meteor_n wherewith_o the_o air_n be_v usual_o charge_v and_o by_o consequence_n their_o quality_n impress_v into_o the_o air_n be_v depend_v from_o the_o earth_n out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v draw_v either_o direct_o from_o the_o same_o region_n which_o they_o affect_v or_o oblique_o from_o some_o other_o region_n remote_a from_o it_o howsoever_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o air_n depend_v from_o the_o soil_n we_o can_v altogether_o exclude_v the_o heaven_n as_o shall_v be_v teach_v hereafter_o in_o place_n convenient_a chap._n iii_o of_o the_o adjunct_n of_o a_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o heaven_n 1_o we_o have_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n speak_v of_o the_o adjunct_n of_o a_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o it_o self_n we_o be_v now_o to_o proceed_v to_o such_o accident_n as_o agree_v to_o a_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n 2_o the_o adjunct_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n either_o general_n or_o special_a general_n i_o call_v such_o as_o be_v abstract_v from_o any_o special_a quality_n or_o condition_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o any_o place_n in_o the_o earth_n these_o accident_n concern_v either_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n or_o the_o division_n of_o the_o place_n both_o which_o we_o have_v handle_v in_o our_o spherical_a part_n of_o geography_n the_o special_a be_v such_o as_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n not_o absolute_o but_o respect_v some_o special_a quality_n or_o property_n depend_v on_o such_o situation_n which_o more_o proper_o belong_v to_o this_o part_n for_o the_o unfold_n of_o which_o before_o we_o descend_v to_o particularity_n we_o will_v premise_v this_o one_o general_a theorem_a 1_o place_n according_a to_o their_o diverse_a situation_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v diverse_o affect_v in_o quality_n and_o constitution_n this_o proposition_n need_v no_o proof_n as_o be_v ground_v on_o ordinary_a experience_n for_o who_o find_v not_o betwixt_o the_o north_n and_o the_o south_n a_o manifest_a difference_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a moisture_n and_o drought_n with_o other_o quality_n thereon_o depend_v as_o well_o in_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o soil_n itself_o as_o the_o natural_a disposition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n only_o three_o point_n will_v here_o require_v a_o exposition_n first_o by_o what_o mean_n and_o instrument_n the_o heaven_n may_v be_v say_v to_o work_v on_o the_o earth_n second_o how_o far_o this_o operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n on_o the_o earth_n may_v extend_v and_o what_o limit_n it_o may_v suffer_v three_o how_o these_o operation_n be_v distinguish_v one_o from_o the_o other_o concern_v the_o first_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o our_o ordinary_a philosopher_n that_o the_o heaven_n work_n on_o inferior_a body_n by_o three_o instrument_n to_o wit_n light_n motion_n and_o influence_n by_o light_n as_o by_o a_o instrumental_a agent_n it_o engender_v heat_n in_o the_o air_n and_o earth_n not_o that_o the_o light_n be_v in_o a_o sort_n a_o immaterial_a quality_n can_v immediate_o of_o itself_o produce_v heat_n be_v material_a and_o elementary_a but_o by_o attrition_n and_o rarefaction_n whereby_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v make_v thin_a approach_v near_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o fire_n and_o so_o conceive_v heat_n this_o be_v again_o perform_v two_o way_n either_o by_o a_o simple_a or_o compo_fw-it und_v beam_n the_o simple_a ray_n be_v weak_a the_o compound_v infer_v a_o double_n of_o the_o ray_n by_o reflection_n be_v strong_a and_o of_o more_o validity_n in_o the_o operation_n and_o by_o consequence_n so_o much_o the_o more_o copious_a in_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n by_o how_o much_o more_o the_o reflection_n be_v great_a if_o we_o mere_o consider_v it_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o heaven_n without_o any_o consideration_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o motion_n the_o heaven_n may_v exercise_v their_o operation_n on_o the_o earth_n two_o way_n first_o by_o attenuate_v and_o rarefy_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o air_n next_o adjoin_v turn_v it_o into_o fire_n as_o some_o philosopher_n will_v have_v it_o whence_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o air_n communicate_v in_o this_o affection_n must_v needs_o partake_v some_o degree_n of_o heat_n but_o this_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o conceit_n ground_v only_o upon_o aristotle_n authority_n who_o suppose_v the_o heaven_n to_o be_v a_o solid_a compact_a body_n which_o will_v not_o so_o soon_o be_v grant_v of_o many_o more_o modern_a mathematician_n second_o the_o heavenly_a body_n may_v be_v say_v to_o work_v on_o inferior_a thing_n by_o motion_n in_o that_o by_o motion_n they_o be_v diverse_o dispose_v and_o order_v to_o diverse_a aspect_n and_o configuration_n of_o the_o star_n and_o planet_n whereby_o they_o may_v produce_v diverse_a effect_n so_o that_o in_o this_o sense_n the_o heaven_n be_v imagine_v as_o a_o disponent_fw-la cause_n which_o do_v not_o so_o much_o produce_v the_o effect_n themselves_o as_o vary_v the_o operation_n hereon_o be_v ground_v all_o astrology_n as_o that_o which_o out_o of_o diverse_a aspect_n and_o combination_n of_o the_o planet_n and_o sign_n foreshow_v diverse_a event_n the_o three_o instrument_n by_o which_o the_o heaven_n be_v say_v to_o work_v be_v the_o heavenly_a influence_n which_o be_v a_o hide_a and_o secret_a quality_n not_o subject_a to_o sense_n but_o only_o know_v and_o find_v out_o by_o the_o effect_n this_o three_o agent_n be_v by_o some_o question_v will_v hardly_o be_v believe_v but_o that_o a_o necessity_n in_o 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every_o region_n or_o country_n a_o special_a quality_n or_o temper_n although_o lie_v or_o situate_a under_o the_o same_o latitude_n but_o here_o exclude_v all_o concurrent_a cause_n which_o may_v vary_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o soil_n we_o consider_v the_o disposition_n of_o a_o place_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o depend_v on_o the_o heavenly_a influence_n oâ—_n operation_n in_o which_o sense_n we_o can_v deny_v to_o a_o place_n of_o like_a 〈◊〉_d a_o like_a nature_n for_o as_o philosopher_n use_v to_o speak_v simile_n qua_fw-la simile_n semper_fw-la aptum_fw-la natum_fw-la est_fw-la simile_n producere_fw-la like_a cause_n always_o produce_v like_o effect_n so_o the_o heaven_n in_o like_a distance_n be_v dispose_v alike_o as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o light_a as_o influence_n can_v but_o affect_v â—hose_v part_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o selfsame_o manner_n for_o the_o instrument_n by_o which_o the_o heaven_n work_n on_o inferior_a body_n as_o we_o have_v show_v be_v light_a 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in_o regard_n of_o the_o heaven_n as_o be_v teach_v in_o our_o former_a proposition_n except_o by_o some_o special_a constellation_n of_o the_o south_n which_o be_v full_a of_o uncertainty_n and_o as_o soon_o deny_v as_o affirm_v yet_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v by_o some_o hide_a property_n of_o the_o place_n themselves_o or_o at_o least_o some_o casual_a accident_n or_o other_o thaâ—_n these_o two_o hemisphere_n suffer_v a_o great_a and_o notable_a disparity_n for_o against_o the_o large_a and_o fertile_a territory_n of_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n contain_v in_o it_o whole_o europe_n and_o asia_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o america_n and_o africa_n we_o shall_v find_v beside_o some_o few_o scatter_a land_n only_a three_o continent_n to_o oppose_v to_o wit_n a_o small_a part_n of_o africa_n the_o great_a part_n of_o america_n perâ—ana_n contain_v in_o it_o peru_n brasile_n and_o the_o region_n of_o the_o pâ—ntagâ—nâ—s_n aâ—d_v the_o south_n continent_n call_v tâ—rra_n australiâ—_n incâ—gnita_fw-la and_o by_o some_o other_o the_o south_n indies_n for_o the_o former_a lie_v near_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n if_o we_o will_v credit_v the_o relation_n of_o our_o own_o merchant_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o air_n by_o reason_n of_o 〈◊〉_d very_o diâ—â—â—mpâ—rated_v situate_v betwixt_o the_o equatour_n and_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricâ—râ—â—_n the_o land_n very_o barren_a the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o brâ—tish_a disposition_n want_v aâ—_n it_o be_v all_o sense_n of_o science_n or_o religion_n bear_v heavy_a as_o yet_o the_o curse_n of_o noah_n the_o first_o father_n of_o that_o african_a nation_n for_o america_n peruana_n we_o shall_v find_v it_o perhaps_o more_o happy_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o soil_n although_o little_a better_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n yet_o for_o the_o plenty_n of_o gold-mine_n whereof_o they_o can_v chief_o vaunt_v we_o shall_v find_v it_o far_o surmount_v by_o the_o east_n indies_n or_o at_o least_o paralelled_a by_o 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spaniard_n giveâ—_n that_o occasion_n of_o complaint_n to_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr quiâ—_n the_o late_a discoverer_n of_o some_o of_o these_o part_n have_v not_o the_o spanish_a king_n think_v such_o a_o expedition_n either_o altogether_o fruitless_a or_o to_o little_a purpose_n for_o who_o know_v not_o the_o spâ—niard_n to_o be_v â—_o nâ—tion_n â—s_n covetous_a of_o richesse_n as_o ambitious_a to_o pursue_v 〈◊〉_d sovereignty_n as_o such_o who_o will_v more_o willing_o expoâ—â—_n the_o life_n of_o their_o own_o subject_n then_o loose_a the_o least_o title_n over_o other_o country_n this_o may_v be_v a_o probable_a argument_n that_o thâ—s_v continent_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o so_o well_o smile_v on_o the_o ambition_n of_o this_o proud_a nation_n as_o some_o other_o â—_z for_o political_a and_o martial_a affair_n how_o far_o short_a iâ—_n conâ—â—s_v of_o our_o northern_a hemisphere_n i_o shall_v speak_v in_o due_a place_n where_o i_o shall_v handle_v the_o 〈◊〉_d disposition_n of_o diverse_a inhabitant_n according_a to_o their_o situation_n to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o this_o diversity_n be_v very_o difficult_a to_o seekâ—_n a_o reason_n in_o some_o particular_a consteâ—â—ation_n and_o 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o heaven_n or_o some_o special_a disposition_n of_o the_o soyâ—â—_n be_v too_o general_a to_o give_v satisfaction_n and_o too_o uncertain_a to_o enforce_v credulity_n yet_o put_v these_o aside_o i_o can_v only_o guess_v at_o two_o reason_n which_o be_v accidental_a yet_o strengthen_v with_o good_a probability_n the_o first_o and_o great_a be_v that_o bitter_a curse_n casâ—_n on_o chaâ—_n and_o his_o posterity_n by_o his_o father_n noah_n which_o no_o doubt_n be_v second_v by_o god_n dipleasure_n take_v place_n in_o his_o habitation_n thâ—â—_n all_o these_o nation_n spring_v from_o cham_n â—_o darenot_v not_o confident_o avouch_v yet_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v probable_a they_o be_v of_o this_o race_n for_o the_o african_n it_o be_v out_o of_o â—_z as_o warrant_a by_o the_o
black_a lion_n which_o we_o can_v ascribe_v to_o no_o other_o cause_n then_o the_o excess_n of_o heat_n and_o not_o to_o any_o quality_n of_o the_o seed_n or_o any_o curse_n inflict_v on_o the_o place_n moreover_o it_o be_v report_v by_o ferdinando_n de_fw-fr quir_n in_o his_o late_a discovery_n of_o the_o south_n continent_n that_o he_o there_o also_o find_v some_o black_a people_n yet_o can_v we_o not_o imagine_v this_o land_n though_o stretch_v very_o far_o in_o quantity_n towards_o the_o equinoctial_a to_o come_v so_o far_o or_o much_o far_a than_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n these_o argument_n make_v it_o the_o more_o probable_a that_o the_o region_n situate_v under_o the_o tropic_n general_o exceed_v more_o in_o heat_n than_o those_o place_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o line_n 2_o in_o the_o other_o extreme_a section_n from_o 60_o degree_n towards_o the_o pole_n the_o first_o 15_o degree_n towards_o the_o equatour_n be_v more_o moderate_o cold_a the_o 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natural_a temper_n of_o the_o native_a inhabitant_n and_o at_o least_o at_o some_o time_n of_o the_o year_n admit_v a_o passage_n for_o foreign_a nation_n but_o the_o other_o region_n stretch_v northward_o from_o 75_o degree_n to_o the_o pole_n itself_o howsoever_o it_o may_v be_v probable_o think_v habitable_a yet_o afford_v it_o no_o convenient_a mean_n and_o sustenance_n for_o man_n life_n in_o respect_n of_o other_o place_n neither_o can_v the_o people_n of_o this_o climate_n enjoy_v any_o good_a complexion_n or_o temperament_n of_o the_o four_o quality_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o cold_a with_o they_o be_v so_o predominant_a that_o it_o choke_v and_o almost_o extinguish_v the_o natural_a hâ—at_n whence_o hypocrates_n say_v that_o they_o be_v dry_v up_o which_o be_v a_o cause_n of_o their_o swarthy_a colour_n and_o dwarfish_a stature_n which_o assertion_n of_o he_o can_v obtain_v no_o credit_n but_o of_o such_o northern_a people_n as_o live_v near_o the_o pole_n nevertheless_o we_o shall_v not_o find_v these_o poor_a northern_a nation_n so_o destitute_a altogether_o of_o vital_a aide_n but_o that_o their_o want_n be_v in_o some_o sort_n recompense_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o nature_n the_o chief_a comfort_n in_o this_o kind_n which_o we_o enjoy_v and_o they_o seem_v to_o want_v be_v heat_n and_o light_n the_o defect_n of_o heat_n be_v somewhat_o mollify_v 1_o by_o the_o sun_n stay_v so_o long_o above_o their_o horizon_n as_o 6_o month_n and_o by_o consequence_n impress_v into_o the_o air_n a_o great_a degree_n of_o heat_n 2_o by_o the_o natural_a custom_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n never_o acquaint_v with_o any_o other_o temperature_n both_o which_o reason_n we_o have_v former_o allege_v 3_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v teach_v by_o necessity_n to_o preserve_v themselves_o during_o the_o wintertime_n in_o cave_n stove_n and_o such_o like_a place_n heat_v with_o continual_a fire_n the_o defect_n of_o which_o providence_n be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o ruin_n of_o sr_n hugh_n willoughby_n intend_v a_o search_n of_o the_o north-east_n passage_n on_o the_o north_n of_o lapland_n and_o russia_n to_o recompense_v the_o defect_n of_o light_n nature_n have_v provide_v two_o way_n 1_o in_o that_o the_o sun_n in_o his_o parallel_n come_v near_a and_o near_o to_o the_o horizon_n give_v they_o a_o long_a time_n of_o glimmer_a light_n both_o before_o his_o rise_n and_o after_o his_o set_n which_o may_v serve_v they_o instead_o of_o day_n 2_o for_o that_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o refraction_n in_o a_o vaporous_a and_o foggy_a horizon_n appeâ—reâ—â—o_o theâ—_n sometime_o before_o he_o be_v true_o rise_v which_o cause_v the_o hollander_n nova_fw-la zombla_fw-fr to_o wonder_v why_o they_o shall_v see_v the_o sun_n diverse_a day_n before_o according_a to_o their_o account_n he_o be_v to_o rise_v above_o their_o horizon_n according_a to_o astronomical_a ground_n which_o problem_n have_v stagger_v all_o the_o 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of_o the_o red_a sea_n be_v by_o the_o perpendicular_a find_v high_a than_o in_o the_o mediterranean_a moreover_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o west_n part_n of_o america_n common_o call_v mare_n del_n zur_n be_v much_o high_a than_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n which_o border_v on_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o it_o which_o give_v way_n to_o the_o conjecture_n of_o some_o that_o the_o isthmus_n betwixt_o panama_n and_o nombre_n dâ—_n dios_n have_v be_v long_o since_o cut_v through_o to_o have_v make_v a_o passage_n into_o the_o pacifick_n sea_n without_o sail_v so_o â—arre_o about_o by_o the_o strait_n of_o magellane_n have_v not_o many_o inconvenience_n be_v fear_v out_o of_o the_o inequality_n in_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n the_o like_a inequality_n be_v observe_v by_o verstegan_n in_o the_o sea_n betwixt_o england_n and_o france_n for_o according_a to_o his_o conjecture_n france_n and_o england_n be_v one_o continent_n heretofore_o and_o join_v by_o a_o 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be_v a_o place_n where_o the_o water_n as_o it_o be_v embosom_v itself_o into_o the_o land_n have_v a_o â—ntrance_n large_a from_o the_o ocean_n and_o most_o common_o streytn_v inward_o but_o no_o passage_n through_o a_o creek_n again_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a under_o the_o former_a in_o a_o large_a sense_n may_v we_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a mediterranean_a sea_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o â—ea_n from_o the_o mainâ—_n atlantic_a ocean_n by_o a_o inlet_n be_v ingulf_v into_o it_o but_o find_v no_o passage_n out_o any_o other_o way_n howsoever_o it_o invade_v a_o large_a territory_n the_o lesser_a creek_n be_v again_o distinguish_v into_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a the_o chief_a creek_n find_v out_o towards_o the_o east_n be_v six_o in_o number_n 1._o sinus_n magnus_fw-la which_o lie_v betwixt_o mangus_n and_o india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la teach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o region_n of_o chalâ—iâ—_n 2._o sinus_n gangâ—ticus_n which_o be_v comprehend_v betwixt_o aurea_n chersonesus_n and_o india_n intra_fw-la gangem_fw-la 3_o sinus_n canthi_n common_o call_v canthi-colpus_a 4._o sinus_n persicus_n border_v on_o persia_n and_o call_v by_o plutarch_n the_o babylonian_a sea_n 5._o sinus_n arabicus_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o red_a sâ—a_n 6._o sinus_n barbaricus_n which_o by_o pliny_n be_v term_v sinus_n trâ—gloditicus_n &_o at_o this_o day_n golpho_n de_fw-fr melinde_n the_o creek_n lie_v westward_o be_v chief_o these_o first_o sinus_n sarmaticus_n lie_v towards_o the_o north_n between_o denmark_n and_o normay_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o sinus_n sinnicus_fw-la and_o bodiâ—us_fw-la which_o be_v call_v common_o the_o baltic_a sea_n 2_o sinus_n granuicus_fw-la divide_v the_o muscovite_n from_o the_o câ—relij_fw-la northward_o it_o be_v common_o call_v the_o white_a sea_n 3_o sinus_n mexicanus_n border_v on_o the_o city_n of_o mexico_n in_o america_n among_o these_o some_o will_v number_v mare_fw-la pacificum_fw-la or_o mare_n dâ—l_v zur_n but_o this_o we_o think_v fit_a to_o call_v a_o main_a sea_n than_o a_o creek_n be_v extraordinary_o large_a in_o quantity_n a_o strait_n be_v a_o narrow_a sea_n between_o two_o land_n of_o such_o strait_o these_o be_v ancient_o know_v to_o wit_n 1_o fretum_n graditanum_fw-la or_o the_o strait_o of_o gibraltar_n of_o 7_o mile_n distance_n divide_v spain_n from_o barbary_n 2_o fretum_n magellanniâ—un_v find_v out_o by_o magellane_n which_o divide_v aâ—erica_n pâ—ruana_n from_o the_o southern_a land_n 3_o fretum_n anian_n situate_v betwixt_o the_o western_a shore_n of_o america_n &_o the_o eastern_a border_n of_o tartary_n beside_o these_o there_o have_v be_v discover_v 3_o more_o to_o wit_n 1_o pretum_fw-la davis_n find_v out_o by_o captain_n davis_n in_o the_o year_n 1586_o which_o lie_v towards_o groenland_n â—_o fretum_n nâ—sovicum_n or_o way_n gate_n near_o nova_fw-la zembla_n discover_v by_o the_o hollander_n in_o the_o year_n 1614_o 3_o fretum_n de_fw-fr mayre_n find_v out_o by_o william_n schouteâ—_n a_o bavarian_a take_v his_o name_n from_o isaaâ—_n le_fw-fr mâ—yre_n by_o who_o advice_n and_o persuasion_n he_o undertake_v hiâ—_n voyage_n but_o some_o of_o these_o lattâ—â—_n streit_v here_o mention_v for_o aught_o i_o know_v may_v better_a be_v reckon_v among_o creek_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o find_v any_o passage_n through_o though_o with_o great_a loss_n and_o danger_n they_o have_v often_o attempt_v the_o discovery_n concern_v the_o bound_a of_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o land_n we_o will_v insert_v thâ—se_a theorem_n 1_o the_o water_n be_v so_o divide_v from_o the_o dry_a land_n that_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n be_v great_a in_o the_o south_n hemisphere_n of_o land_n in_o the_o northern_a that_o most_o part_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n be_v situate_a towards_o the_o north_n will_v easy_o appear_v by_o instance_n for_o towards_o the_o north_n be_v place_v the_o great_a continent_n of_o europe_n asia_n almost_o 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first_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o promise_v moreover_o we_o may_v further_o observe_v that_o those_o place_n which_o in_o the_o first_o discovery_n have_v be_v take_v for_o the_o main_a continent_n or_o at_o least_o for_o some_o great_a part_n of_o land_n have_v afterward_o upon_o more_o curious_a examination_n be_v find_v cleave_v into_o many_o lesser_a land_n as_o in_o america_n cuba_n in_o the_o time_n of_o columbus_n and_o california_n of_o late_a think_v to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n and_o so_o describe_v almost_o in_o all_o our_o map_n yet_o since_o by_o a_o spanish_a chart_n take_v by_o the_o hollander_n discover_v to_o be_v a_o island_n the_o like_a instance_n we_o have_v in_o terra_fw-la del_fw-it fuogâ—_n which_o since_o the_o time_n magellan_n be_v hold_v a_o part_n of_o the_o south_n continent_n till_o schouten_n by_o sail_v round_o about_o it_o find_v it_o divide_v from_o the_o main_a lâ—nd_n by_o frâ—â—um_fw-la de_fw-fr mayre_n
carry_v the_o name_n of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o his_o discovery_n neither_o be_v it_o much_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o in_o that_o large_a tract_n delineate_v out_o in_o the_o globe_n for_o the_o south-indy_n be_v contain_v many_o land_n divide_v one_o from_o the_o other_o by_o streite_n and_o narrow_a sea_n which_o must_v subtract_v much_o from_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n so_o that_o of_o necessity_n it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n take_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n as_o the_o other_o of_o the_o water_n wherefore_o that_o place_n of_o esdras_n where_o he_o say_v that_o almighty_a god_n allot_v 〈◊〉_d paris_n to_o the_o eâ—â—th_n and_o the_o 〈…〉_z water_n must_v râ—ther_o seem_v improbable_a or_o suffer_v another_o interpretation_n then_o that_o of_o the_o ancients_n for_o out_o of_o credible_a conjecture_n draw_v â—rom_o the_o view_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n we_o shall_v hardly_o collect_v sucâ—_n a_o proportion_n in_o this_o comparison_n of_o the_o northern_a hâ—mispheâ—â—â—_n with_o the_o southern_a we_o shall_v find_v â—_o kind_a of_o harmony_n betwixt_o the_o heaven_n and_o the_o earth_n for_o as_o traveller_n report_v thâ—_n northern_a part_n abound_v with_o more_o star_n and_o of_o great_a magnitude_n than_o the_o other_o towards_o the_o south_n so_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n discover_v unto_o we_o more_o continent_n great_a land_n and_o of_o more_o noâ—â—_n in_o the_o north_n then_o â—n_a the_o south_n 2_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v environ_v round_o from_o the_o east_n and_o the_o west_n with_o sea_n divide_v â—he_n north_n from_o the_o south_n to_o prove_v this_o theorem_a we_o need_v go_v no_o far_o than_o the_o famous_a voyage_n of_o magellane_n drake_n candish_n and_o schoâ—ten_o whereof_o the_o first_o attempt_v the_o first_o passage_n through_o fretum_n magelâ—anicum_n and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n though_o he_o can_v not_o outlive_a his_o intend_a journey_n the_o two_o next_o follow_v the_o same_o way_n and_o the_o last_o find_v out_o a_o new_a passage_n through_o fretum_n de_fw-fr mayre_n as_o we_o have_v former_o mention_v whence_o we_o may_v eaâ—â—ly_o deduce_v this_o corollary_n that_o the_o southern_a continent_n not_o yet_o perfect_o discover_v be_v either_o one_o or_o which_o be_v most_o probable_a â—any_n land_n forasmuch_o as_o by_o sail_v round_o about_o â—t_a they_o have_v find_v it_o every_o where_o compass_v round_o with_o sea_n the_o like_a may_v be_v conjecture_v of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n on_o the_o northern_a side_n whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o this_o next_o theorem_fw-la 3_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o earth_n be_v compass_v round_o with_o the_o water_n from_o north_n to_o south_n i_o know_v nothing_o which_o have_v exercise_v the_o wit_n and_o industry_n of_o the_o navigatour_n of_o our_o age_n more_o than_o the_o find_v out_o of_o a_o passage_n northward_o to_o cathay_n and_o so_o to_o the_o east-indies_n which_o controversy_n as_o yet_o remain_v altogether_o unanswered_a and_o await_v the_o happiness_n of_o some_o new_a discovery_n in_o which_o difficult_a passage_n wherein_o many_o have_v spend_v both_o their_o life_n and_o hope_n it_o may_v seem_v enough_o for_o i_o to_o go_v with_o their_o relation_n suffer_v my_o conjecture_n to_o fly_v no_o far_o than_o their_o sail_n the_o reason_n which_o i_o meet_v with_o in_o my_o slender_a read_n i_o will_v examine_v as_o i_o can_v without_o partiality_n and_o so_o leave_v every_o man_n to_o be_v his_o own_o judge_n first_o then_o we_o must_v consider_v that_o the_o voyage_n to_o the_o indies_n must_v be_v effect_v by_o either_o of_o these_o two_o way_n to_o wit_n northward_o or_o southward_o to_o begin_v with_o the_o south_n it_o must_v be_v perform_v two_o way_n either_o by_o some_o unknown_a passage_n through_o the_o south-continent_n near_o the_o antarctic_a pole_n or_o near_o the_o magellane-strait_n the_o former_a be_v most_o uncertain_a for_o want_v of_o discovery_n in_o those_o unknown_a and_o remote_a part_n and_o if_o any_o such_o passage_n be_v find_v out_o it_o be_v little_a advantage_n to_o our_o countryman_n who_o have_v already_o a_o short_a and_o near_a way_n yet_o no_o instance_n can_v be_v give_v to_o the_o contrary_a but_o that_o this_o part_n be_v cleave_v as_o it_o seem_v most_o probable_a into_o many_o lesser_a land_n may_v admit_v of_o such_o a_o passage_n but_o in_o such_o uncertainty_n it_o be_v as_o easy_a to_o deny_v as_o to_o affirm_v the_o second_o south-passage_n be_v find_v out_o by_o navigatour_n which_o be_v either_o by_o the_o strait_a of_o magellane_n itself_o or_o else_o through_o the_o straits_n of_o mayre_n beforementioned_a which_o this_o age_n of_o we_o have_v put_v out_o of_o doubt_n the_o three_o passage_n be_v southeast_n by_o the_o â—ape_n of_o good_a hope_n know_v unto_o our_o east-indian_a merchant_n and_o therefore_o as_o a_o matter_n unquestioned_a needs_o no_o further_a examination_n the_o only_a matter_n which_o trouble_v man_n in_o this_o agâ—_n be_v the_o find_v out_o of_o a_o passage_n northward_o to_o cathay_n either_o by_o the_o north-east_n or_o northwest_n wherein_o we_o will_v consider_v two_o thing_n 1_o whether_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o any_o such_o passage_n shall_v be_v at_o all_o 2_o whether_o this_o passage_n shall_v be_v perform_v by_o the_o north-east_n or_o north-west_n for_o the_o former_a many_o argument_n be_v urge_v which_o seem_v to_o cross_v this_o opinion_n of_o a_o way_n to_o the_o indies_n towards_o the_o north-part_n for_o the_o manifold_a attempt_n of_o the_o english_a and_o hollander_n both_o towards_o the_o north-east_n and_o north-west_n either_o altogether_o spend_v in_o pain_n or_o fail_v of_o their_o end_n seem_v to_o give_v large_a testimony_n if_o not_o of_o absolute_a impossibility_n yet_o at_o least_o of_o the_o unlikely-hoâ—d_a of_o any_o such_o discovery_n as_o be_v hope_v for_o what_o cost_n or_o danger_n will_v not_o almost_o all_o the_o mariner_n of_o our_o northern_a world_n undergo_v to_o find_v so_o near_o a_o cut_n to_o their_o golden_a indies_n and_o if_o by_o chance_n many_o of_o they_o mistake_v the_o right_a way_n yet_o will_v it_o seem_v improbable_a that_o latter_a navigatour_n correct_v by_o the_o former_a error_n shall_v not_o after_o so_o many_o trial_n and_o attempt_n at_o length_n hit_v the_o mark_n this_o reason_n savour_v of_o some_o probability_n yet_o compare_v this_o with_o diverse_a matter_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n will_v seem_v to_o be_v of_o no_o great_a force_n for_o the_o truth_n and_o right_n be_v only_o one_o and_o the_o same_o be_v oppose_v by_o infinite_a error_n so_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v easy_a to_o commit_v a_o thousand_o error_n than_o once_o to_o hit_v the_o truth_n time_n and_o long_a trial_n beget_v many_o invention_n which_o afterward_o seem_v most_o easy_a insomuch_o that_o many_o man_n have_v afterward_o laugh_v at_o their_o own_o mistake_n moreover_o for_o aught_o i_o can_v find_v in_o the_o relation_n of_o most_o man_n discovery_n the_o passage_n which_o they_o seek_v be_v too_o far_o northward_o towards_o the_o pole_n where_o be_v infested_a with_o cold_a ice_n and_o other_o inconvenience_n they_o be_v enforce_v to_o return_v thence_o again_o have_v seldom_o have_v any_o opportunity_n to_o winter_n in_o those_o part_n for_o want_n of_o victual_n or_o extremity_n of_o cold_a a_o second_o reason_n against_o this_o north-passage_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o innumerable_a sort_n of_o beast_n wherewith_o america_n be_v store_v for_o admit_v this_o passage_n we_o must_v needs_o grant_v america_n to_o be_v a_o island_n now_o it_o be_v â—ertaine_a that_o noah_n ark_n be_v the_o store-house_n and_o seminary_n not_o only_o of_o mankind_n but_o of_o all_o other_o perfect_a live_a creature_n again_o it_o be_v evident_a out_o of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n that_o the_o first_o region_n whereon_o the_o ark_n be_v deliver_v of_o her_o burden_n be_v asia_n these_o ground_n lay_v i_o will_v demand_v how_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o beast_n of_o all_o sort_n shall_v be_v transport_v from_o asia_n to_o america_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o island_n and_o every_o where_o divide_v by_o the_o sea_n from_o other_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n can_v these_o silly_a creature_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n swim_v from_o one_o shore_n to_o another_o but_o alas_o the_o sea_n be_v too_o large_a and_o these_o beast_n too_o fearful_a to_o adventure_v on_o such_o a_o voyage_n and_o admit_v some_o by_o nature_n have_v be_v fit_v to_o such_o a_o action_n yet_o be_v it_o very_o strange_a to_o imagine_v the_o same_o effect_n of_o all_o be_v of_o many_o kind_n what_o then_o be_v they_o transport_v in_o ship_n but_o navigation_n in_o those_o day_n be_v a_o infant_n unfurnished_a of_o the_o chart_n
other_o but_o as_o yet_o not_o find_v out_o neither_o have_v it_o more_o trouble_v the_o industry_n of_o mariner_n than_o the_o wit_n of_o scholar_n which_o we_o shall_v find_v by_o discourse_n write_v of_o that_o subject_n the_o absolute_a decision_n of_o this_o controversy_n we_o must_v leave_v to_o time_n only_o such_o probability_n as_o i_o chance_v to_o meet_v with_o i_o will_v faithful_o set_v down_o to_o give_v encouragement_n to_o their_o deserve_a labour_n who_o shall_v farther_o attempt_v the_o search_n and_o full_a discovery_n of_o this_o northwest_n passage_n the_o reason_n i_o find_v urge_v i_o may_v well_o reduce_v to_o three_o head_n the_o first_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o testimony_n and_o opinion_n of_o ancient_a writer_n the_o second_v from_o the_o relation_n and_o discovery_n of_o late_a navigator_n from_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o till_o our_o age_n the_o three_o and_o last_o from_o the_o last_o and_o new_a adventure_n of_o man_n of_o our_o time_n either_o late_o dead_a or_o live_a to_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o we_o shall_v from_o the_o testimony_n of_o plato_n in_o timaeo_n as_o also_o in_o his_o dialogue_n callâ—â—_n critias_n draw_v a_o probable_a argument_n for_o there_o he_o makâ—s_v relation_n of_o a_o incomparable_a great_a island_n name_v atlantis_n of_o large_a extent_n than_o europe_n and_o asia_n which_o be_v situate_a westward_o from_o the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n and_o navigable_a round_a abouâ—_n the_o prince_n of_o this_o island_n according_a to_o plato_n report_n heretofore_o extend_v their_o government_n over_o a_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n and_o africa_n to_o second_v which_o opinion_n of_o plato_n we_o shall_v read_v in_o marinus_n siouâ—us_o his_o history_n of_o spain_n that_o in_o the_o american_n golden_a mine_n discover_v by_o columbus_n there_o have_v be_v find_v certain_a piece_n of_o coin_n engrave_v with_o the_o name_n and_o image_n of_o augustus_n caesâ—r_n which_o be_v afterward_o send_v to_o the_o pope_n by_o john_n rufus_n archbishop_n of_o consentium_n whence_o a_o probable_a conjecture_n seem_v to_o be_v ground_v that_o america_n in_o those_o day_n be_v both_o people_v and_o discover_v now_o it_o appear_v again_o noâ—_n only_o by_o plato_n but_o also_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o mansilius_fw-la â—icinus_fw-la crantor_n proclus_n and_o philo_n judaeus_fw-la be_v witness_v in_o their_o learned_a commentary_n on_o plato_n that_o this_o island_n call_v atlantis_n some_o 600_o year_n before_o plato_n time_n suffer_v a_o extraordinary_a inundation_n &_o be_v swallow_v up_o by_o water_n other_o like_a example_n whereof_o we_o shâ—l_v produce_v many_o hereafter_o in_o place_n convenient_a admit_v these_o testimony_n of_o antiquity_n whereof_o we_o ought_v to_o cherish_v a_o reverend_a esteem_n these_o consectary_n will_v seem_v to_o offer_v themselves_o by_o way_n of_o necessary_a consequence_n 1_o that_o this_o island_n atlantis_n be_v the_o same_o which_o afterward_o 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florentine_a and_o no_o
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say_v they_o work_v by_o little_a and_o little_a diminish_v or_o at_o least_o resist_v the_o water_n so_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o altogether_o overwhelm_v the_o land_n but_o this_o reason_n be_v altogether_o deficient_a in_o nature_n because_o drought_n and_o moisture_n be_v no_o such_o quality_n to_o have_v such_o a_o operation_n and_o if_o any_o such_o there_o be_v betwixt_o drought_n and_o moisture_n the_o drought_n as_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n will_v rather_o draw_v moisture_n unto_o it_o than_o any_o way_n expel_v it_o or_o drive_v it_o away_o whence_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o it_o be_v effect_v by_o no_o other_o mean_n then_o the_o immediate_a work_n and_o providence_n of_o god_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o live_a creature_n for_o before_o god_n say_v let_v the_o water_n be_v gather_v into_o one_o place_n the_o water_n be_v say_v to_o cover_v the_o whole_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o afterward_o at_o god_n appointment_n the_o water_n go_v back_o and_o show_v the_o dry-land_n but_o by_o what_o mean_v god_n separate_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o it_o be_v much_o controverse_v among_o divine_n and_o philosopher_n many_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v suffer_v to_o stand_v entire_a without_o alteration_n and_o that_o the_o water_n be_v elevate_v above_o it_o so_o that_o if_o they_o be_v suffer_v to_o flow_v abroad_o they_o may_v again_o cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o in_o the_o beginning_n but_o why_o the_o water_n shall_v be_v thus_o restrain_v be_v not_o agree_v among_o they_o for_o some_o thought_n that_o this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o miraculous_a power_n of_o god_n which_o restrain_v the_o flow_a abroad_o of_o the_o water_n beyond_o ordinary_a bound_n of_o which_o opinion_n be_v st_n jerome_n who_o ground_v his_o opinion_n as_o it_o seem_v on_o the_o authority_n of_o
the_o sea_n be_v dâ—uided_v into_o many_o part_n it_o will_v more_o easy_o dissolve_v and_o putrify_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v overthrow_v there_o want_v not_o reason_n to_o contradict_v first_o say_v one_o if_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o create_v salt_n then_o be_v there_o some_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v fresh_a to_o this_o i_o answer_v two_o way_n first_o that_o it_o may_v be_v create_v fresh_a yet_o be_v apt_a from_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o receive_v saltness_n it_o may_v almost_o at_o the_o first_o receive_v it_o second_o if_o i_o shall_v grant_v that_o it_o be_v a_o long_a time_n before_o it_o embrace_v this_o quality_n i_o know_v neither_o history_n to_o confute_v i_o or_o reason_n to_o convince_v i_o second_o it_o be_v urge_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o live_a creature_n in_o the_o sea_n that_o they_o can_v well_o live_v in_o fresh_a water_n and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v original_o salt_n and_o not_o by_o accident_n but_o this_o be_v of_o no_o great_a force_n first_o because_o experience_n show_v that_o many_o kind_n of_o fish_n live_v in_o both_o and_o many_o rather_o covet_v and_o desire_v the_o fresh_a water_n than_o the_o sea_n second_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o as_o the_o sea_n by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o by_o degree_n turn_v from_o freshness_n to_o saltness_n the_o temper_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o fish_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n change_v and_o alter_v whence_o it_o may_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o fish_n since_o breed_v and_o nourish_v in_o fresh_a water_n can_v so_o well_o endure_v the_o salt_n moreover_o who_o know_v whether_o all_o these_o several_a kind_n of_o fish_n now_o find_v in_o the_o sea_n be_v from_o the_o beginning_n since_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n that_o sundry_a kind_n of_o live_a creature_n daily_o arise_v out_o of_o putrefaction_n on_o the_o land_n which_o may_v with_o like_a probability_n or_o more_o be_v admit_v in_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v yet_o behind_o other_o reason_n of_o one_o patricius_n a_o platonist_n who_o will_v oppose_v aristotle_n in_o good_a earnest_n aristotle_n say_v he_o speak_v of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n water_n show_v not_o the_o cause_n for_o i_o will_v ask_v why_o that_o parcel_n of_o water_n from_o whence_o the_o thin_a part_n be_v extract_v shall_v remain_v salt_n be_v it_o so_o from_o the_o beginning_n or_o afterward_o impress_v be_v it_o inbred_a or_o accidental_a if_o he_o will_v have_v it_o a_o inbred_a quality_n from_o the_o beginning_n he_o vain_o go_v about_o to_o seek_v out_o the_o cause_n if_o the_o saltness_n be_v adventitious_a the_o cause_n be_v to_o be_v give_v but_o the_o cause_n give_v by_o he_o be_v not_o true_a for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o rather_o take_v away_o the_o saltness_n but_o to_o these_o objection_n of_o patricius_n spin_a out_o in_o many_o word_n we_o may_v answer_v two_o way_n either_o that_o the_o saltness_n be_v mere_o adventitious_a breed_v by_o a_o exhalation_n draw_v up_o by_o the_o sun_n and_o so_o distil_v down_o again_o or_o else_o because_o this_o answer_n seem_v not_o whole_o to_o satisfy_v for_o as_o much_o as_o rainy_a water_n be_v seldom_o salt_n and_o if_o it_o be_v can_v hardly_o flow_v in_o so_o great_a quantity_n to_o feed_v the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n i_o will_v answer_v second_o that_o the_o saltness_n be_v radical_o or_o original_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o water_n yet_o so_o as_o it_o can_v be_v draw_v out_o and_o sensible_o be_v perceive_v in_o the_o mixture_n of_o many_o sweet_a humour_n join_v with_o it_o without_o a_o separation_n first_o make_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o the_o thin_a part_n from_o the_o thick_a so_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v a_o disponent_fw-la though_o not_o a_o productive_a cause_n of_o this_o saltness_n in_o the_o sea_n 2_o sea_n absolute_o salt_n be_v never_o freeze_v this_o may_v seem_v a_o paradox_n to_o some_o man_n in_o regard_n that_o among_o our_o geographer_n we_o have_v so_o often_o mention_v make_v of_o mare_fw-la congelatum_fw-la take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o ice_n wherewith_o it_o be_v shut_v up_o from_o passage_n as_o also_o for_o that_o in_o the_o voyage_n of_o frobisher_n davis_n hudson_n and_o other_o late_a navigatour_n which_o have_v be_v employ_v in_o the_o search_n of_o the_o northwest_o passage_n we_o find_v such_o strange_a relation_n not_o only_o of_o sea_n close_v up_o with_o ice_n and_o hinder_v their_o passage_n towards_o the_o north_n but_o also_o of_o rock_n and_o land_n of_o ice_n of_o a_o incredible_a greatness_n the_o truth_n of_o these_o relation_n i_o no_o way_n disapprove_v but_o rather_o out_o of_o these_o testimony_n approve_v our_o former_a assertion_n that_o sea_n which_o be_v whole_o salt_n be_v never_o find_v to_o freeze_v for_o first_o whereas_o it_o be_v call_v mare_fw-la congelatum_fw-la it_o may_v bear_v the_o nâ—me_n well_o enough_o from_o the_o multitude_n of_o ice_n float_v on_o the_o water_n or_o collect_v into_o a_o rock_n or_o island_n this_o ice_n as_o it_o will_v easy_o appear_v be_v not_o produce_v out_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o salt_n water_n of_o the_o main_a ocean_n but_o rather_o carry_v into_o the_o sea_n by_o great_a river_n of_o fresh_a water_n run_v into_o the_o ocean_n for_o the_o river_n be_v not_o always_o freeze_v but_o sometime_o by_o a_o remission_n of_o the_o cold_a be_v thaw_v and_o the_o piece_n break_v a_o sunder_o and_o float_a into_o the_o sea_n in_o it_o oft_o time_n meet_v in_o great_a heap_n which_o may_v be_v prove_v 1_o in_o that_o these_o great_a râ—cks_n of_o ice_n melt_v with_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v dissolve_v into_o fountain_n of_o fresh_a water_n gush_v down_o in_o great_a abundance_n wherewith_o sometime_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n they_o have_v fraught_v their_o ship_n as_o we_o have_v testify_v by_o the_o forenamed_a navigatour_n 2_o because_o some_o part_n of_o the_o main_a sea_n situate_v perhaps_o more_o northern_a and_o in_o a_o cold_a climate_n suffer_v not_o this_o accident_n whereas_o place_n near_o the_o shore_n far_a south_n be_v almost_o always_o freeze_v the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o the_o sea_n near_o the_o shore_n be_v common_o mix_v with_o fresh_a water_n convey_v in_o either_o by_o great_a river_n or_o infinite_a secret_a passage_n under_o ground_n which_o we_o see_v not_o the_o reason_n why_o that_o salt_n water_n exclude_v this_o propriety_n incident_a or_o the_o fresh_a i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o hot-spirit_n hide_v in_o the_o salt_n humour_n which_o be_v more_o fervent_a and_o operative_a than_o those_o of_o the_o fresh_a water_n 9_o so_o much_o for_o the_o saltness_n the_o next_o be_v the_o thickness_n whereof_o we_o will_v set_v down_o this_o short_a theorem_a 1_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v thick_a than_o other_o water_n this_o proposition_n have_v its_o light_n from_o the_o former_a because_o thickness_n of_o water_n be_v a_o companion_n of_o the_o saltness_n as_o depend_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n to_o wit_n the_o exhalation_n and_o extraction_n of_o the_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o water_n there_o be_v many_o small_a cause_n give_v by_o patricius_n of_o this_o thickness_n of_o the_o sea-water_n fâ—â—st_o because_o the_o part_n of_o it_o shall_v more_o strong_o hold_v together_o and_o not_o cover_v and_o overflow_v the_o firm_a land_n but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v ground_v on_o a_o error_n that_o the_o water_n shall_v be_v above_o the_o land_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v contain_v itself_o within_o its_o own_o bound_n and_o limit_n which_o opinion_n we_o have_v elsewhere_o reject_v the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o apt_a to_o bear_v and_o carry_v ship_n and_o other_o great_a weight_n for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n three_o the_o water_n be_v thick_a may_v more_o easy_o be_v convert_v into_o salt_n out_o of_o which_o many_o saltish_a mineral_n in_o the_o earth_n be_v engender_v other_o cause_n be_v give_v by_o this_o author_n but_o less_o forceable_a which_o we_o will_v omit_v as_o refer_v they_o to_o the_o philosopher_n who_o proper_a task_n it_o be_v to_o seek_v they_o out_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n 1_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n whereof_o we_o be_v in_o this_o chapter_n to_o treat_v be_v either_o natural_a or_o violent_a the_o natural_a i_o call_v that_o which_o be_v partly_o incident_a to_o the_o natural_a disposition_n of_o the_o sea_n 2_o this_o again_o be_v twofold_n either_o general_n or_o special_a general_n be_v that_o which_o agree_v general_o to_o all_o or_o at_o least_o to_o most_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n such_o as_o be_v the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n we_o must_v here_o observe_v that_o the_o water_n
sort_n as_o they_o imagine_v for_o the_o only_a withdraw_n of_o that_o hand_n and_o let_v go_v of_o that_o bridle_n which_o give_v the_o water_n that_o restraint_n will_v have_v be_v â—ufficient_a to_o have_v overwhelm_v the_o whole_a earth_n the_o second_o reason_n be_v take_v from_o land_n in_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o part_n of_o the_o land_n raise_v up_o above_o the_o water_n three_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o a_o ship_n carry_v with_o the_o like_a wind_n be_v drive_v so_o swift_o from_o the_o port_n into_o the_o open_a sea_n as_o from_o the_o sea_n into_o the_o port_n which_o can_v not_o be_v do_v if_o the_o sea_n be_v high_a than_o the_o land_n for_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o a_o ship_n if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v carry_v to_o a_o high_a place_n shall_v be_v move_v slow_a than_o if_o it_o come_v from_o a_o high_a to_o a_o low_a four_o all_o river_n run_v into_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v a_o most_o evident_a sign_n that_o the_o land_n be_v high_a than_o the_o sea_n for_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o water_n to_o flow_v always_o to_o the_o low_a place_n whence_o we_o gather_v that_o the_o sea_n shore_n to_o which_o the_o water_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o land_n must_v needs_o be_v low_a otherwise_o the_o water_n in_o run_v thither_o shall_v not_o descend_v but_o ascend_v this_o opinion_n i_o hold_v far_o more_o probable_a as_o be_v back_v by_o reason_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o our_o best_a philosopher_n yet_o not_o altogether_o exact_o true_a as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o but_o bartholomew_n keckerman_n in_o a_o late_a german_a writer_n hold_v these_o 2_o former_a opposite_a opinion_n as_o it_o be_v in_o one_o equal_a balance_n labour_v a_o reconciliation_n in_o a_o diverse_a respect_n say_v he_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o sea_n be_v high_a and_o that_o it_o be_v low_a than_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v high_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o shore_n and_o border_n to_o which_o it_o so_o come_v that_o sensible_o it_o swell_v to_o a_o globe_n or_o a_o circumference_n and_o so_o at_o length_n in_o the_o middle_n raise_v up_o itself_o and_o obtain_v a_o great_a height_n then_o in_o those_o part_n where_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o decline_v towards_o the_o shore_n of_o which_o part_n the_o hight_a sufferâ—_n such_o a_o decrease_n that_o by_o how_o much_o near_o the_o shore_n they_o shall_v approach_v by_o so_o much_o the_o low_o they_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o shore_n in_o somuch_o that_o touch_v the_o shore_n itself_o it_o be_v much_o low_a than_o the_o earth_n for_o this_o opinion_n our_o author_n pretend_v a_o demonstration_n which_o he_o ground_n on_o the_o 4_o chapter_n of_o aristotle_n de_fw-fr caelum_fw-la in_o his_o second_o book_n where_o he_o put_v down_o these_o two_o position_n which_o he_o call_v hypothesis_n or_o supposition_n first_o that_o the_o water_n no_o less_o concur_v to_o the_o make_n of_o a_o globe_n or_o circle_n than_o the_o earth_n for_o it_o so_o descend_v natural_o that_o it_o do_v sensible_o gather_v itself_o together_o and_o make_v a_o swell_a as_o we_o see_v in_o small_a drop_n cast_v on_o the_o ground_n second_o the_o water_n make_v a_o circle_n which_o have_v the_o same_o centre_n with_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n out_o of_o these_o ground_n will_v our_o keckerman_n conclude_v the_o water_n in_o some_o place_n to_o be_v high_a in_o other_o place_n to_o be_v low_a than_o the_o earth_n and_o hence_o proceed_v he_o to_o give_v a_o answer_n to_o their_o reason_n who_o have_v affirm_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v high_a than_o the_o sea_n what_o to_o think_v of_o the_o proposition_n or_o conclusion_n we_o will_v show_v hereafter_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a space_n i_o hold_v this_o conclusion_n not_o right_o infer_v out_o of_o these_o premise_n for_o first_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o the_o water_n by_o nature_n be_v apt_a to_o gaher_n itself_o round_o into_o a_o 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sea_n have_v be_v observe_v for_o a_o great_a space_n to_o leave_v the_o land_n naked_a as_o verstegan_n conjecture_n of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o belgia_n which_o he_o say_v be_v in_o ancient_a time_n cover_v with_o water_n which_o beside_o many_o other_o argument_n he_o labour_v to_o prove_v out_o of_o the_o multitude_n of_o fish-shell_n and_o fish-bone_n find_v everywhere_a far_o under_o ground_n about_o holland_n and_o the_o coast_n thereabouts_o which_o be_v dig_v up_o in_o such_o abundance_n and_o from_o such_o depth_n can_v not_o say_v he_o proceed_v from_o any_o other_o cause_n then_o the_o sea_n which_o cover_v the_o whole_a country_n and_o strew_v it_o with_o fish_n last_o that_o the_o sea_n may_v seem_v as_o well_o to_o get_v as_o lose_v she_o have_v show_v her_o power_n in_o take_v away_o and_o swallow_v up_o some_o region_n and_o city_n which_o before_o be_v extant_a such_o fortune_n have_v pyrrha_n and_o antisâ—a_n about_o meotis_n
be_v perform_v by_o many_o strong_a and_o able_a man_n as_o it_o have_v be_v try_v sometime_o that_o a_o frantic_a man_n have_v break_v very_o strong_a chain_n wherewith_o he_o have_v be_v bind_v which_o many_o other_o man_n can_v not_o do_v neither_o on_o the_o other_o side_n can_v it_o seem_v strange_a that_o many_o and_o great_a exhalation_n vapour_n and_o spirit_n shall_v be_v engender_v under_o the_o earth_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o earth_n be_v heaâ—ed_v many_o way_n many_o way_n may_v be_v specify_v whence_o such_o fume_n shall_v arise_v as_o first_o from_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n second_o from_o the_o subterranean_a fire_n hide_v in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n three_o in_o the_o wintertime_n by_o a_o antiperistasis_n the_o heat_n collect_v itself_o downward_o to_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v before_o in_o the_o outward_a part_n of_o it_o the_o argument_n by_o which_o aristotle_n will_v confirm_v this_o opinion_n be_v draw_v as_o well_o 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in_o so_o little_a a_o space_n for_o then_o be_v almost_o choke_v it_o seek_v a_o way_n to_o fly_v forth_o second_o when_o the_o earth_n be_v condensated_a by_o cold_a and_o drive_v the_o exhalation_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o which_o fly_v hither_o and_o thither_o shake_v and_o strike_v the_o earth_n three_o when_o the_o exhalation_n the_o cold_a compass_n it_o round_o by_o a_o antiperistasis_n beget_v heat_n within_o it_o and_o so_o be_v rarify_v for_o so_o be_v unable_a any_o long_o to_o confine_v itself_o to_o its_o former_a place_n it_o break_v forth_o and_o so_o shake_v the_o earth_n we_o must_v here_o note_v by_o the_o way_n that_o not_o only_a exhalation_n be_v cause_n of_o the_o distemperature_n in_o the_o earth_n but_o also_o subterranean_a fire_n and_o wind_n all_o which_o by_o some_o be_v judge_v to_o be_v of_o equal_a force_n in_o this_o action_n for_o the_o division_n of_o earthquake_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o concern_v the_o difference_n of_o place_n we_o must_v understand_v that_o it_o may_v be_v either_o universal_a or_o particular_a a_o universal_a earthquake_n be_v that_o which_o shake_v all_o the_o whole_a earth_n in_o every_o part_n at_o least_o in_o the_o upper_a face_n whereof_o i_o suppose_v no_o natural_a cause_n can_v be_v give_v but_o the_o immediate_a and_o miraculous_a power_n of_o god_n such_o a_o earthquake_n happen_v at_o the_o time_n of_o our_o saviour_n passion_n whereof_o dydimus_n a_o grave_n and_o ancient_a writer_n leave_v record_v but_o that_o which_o be_v say_v to_o have_v happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o valentinian_n mention_v by_o orosius_n in_o his_o 7_o book_n of_o history_n &_o 32_o chapter_n be_v think_v by_o grave_a author_n to_o be_v no_o universal_a earthquake_n howsoever_o for_o the_o large_a extent_n of_o it_o it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v general_a a_o particular_a earthquake_n be_v that_o which_o be_v bound_v in_o some_o one_o or_o more_o particular_a place_n which_o for_o the_o cause_n 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in_o his_o 2_o book_n and_o 18_o chapter_n and_o albertus_n magnus_n in_o his_o 3_o book_n of_o mâ—teours_n tract_n 2_o that_o place_n which_o be_v very_o hot_a as_o egypt_n be_v seldom_o trouble_v with_o this_o shake_n of_o the_o earth_n whereas_o place_n betwixt_o both_o which_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o more_o temperate_a climate_n find_v it_o not_o so_o strange_a 1_o hollow_a and_o spongy_a place_n be_v more_o subject_a to_o earthquake_n then_o solid_a and_o compact_a soil_n we_o must_v here_o understand_v that_o hollow_a place_n be_v either_o such_o as_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o air_n or_o be_v hollow_a only_o under_o and_o close_o upward_o the_o former_a sort_n be_v not_o at_o all_o subject_n to_o the_o molestation_n of_o earthquake_n because_o the_o exhalation_n fly_v out_o without_o impediment_n but_o the_o latter_a being_n more_o apt_a to_o engender_v and_o retain_v such_o matter_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v more_o trouble_v this_o be_v most_o plain_o observe_v in_o phrygia_n italia_n caria_n lydia_n wherein_o such_o motion_n be_v more_o frequent_a to_o confirm_v this_o a_o little_a far_o we_o observe_v that_o hilly_a and_o mountainous_a place_n suffer_v this_o violence_n often_o than_o other_o part_n because_o there_o most_o common_o cavern_n and_o concavity_n be_v more_o frequent_a than_o in_o plain_a country_n but_o here_o by_o the_o way_n may_v be_v object_v that_o sandy_a and_o slimy_a country_n be_v many_o time_n more_o free_a from_o earthquake_n then_o other_o place_n a_o instance_n whereof_o be_v give_v before_o in_o egypt_n wherein_o never_o any_o earthquake_n as_o most_o author_n affirm_v or_o at_o least_o but_o one_o as_o seneca_n have_v be_v observe_v the_o reason_n may_v be_v give_v that_o sandy_a place_n without_o any_o strife_n suffer_v the_o exhalation_n to_o disperse_v themselves_o that_o slimy_a place_n want_v sufficient_a receptacle_n to_o entertain_v they_o 3_o land_n be_v more_o often_o trouble_v with_o earthquake_n then_o the_o continent_n this_o have_v they_o find_v to_o be_v true_a in_o many_o land_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o other_o also_o chief_o in_o cyprus_n sicylia_n euboea_n tyrus_n angria_n lippora_n and_o the_o molucco_n land_n betwixt_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n the_o cause_n some_o will_v have_v to_o be_v the_o antiperistasis_n or_o circumstancy_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v apt_a to_o engender_v great_a store_n of_o exhalation_n in_o the_o earth_n but_o nevertheless_o that_o land_n be_v more_o subject_a to_o earthquake_n than_o continent_n i_o dare_v affirm_v no_o otherwise_o then_o probable_a because_o some_o place_n in_o the_o continent_n seem_v very_o much_o affect_v especial_o in_o europe_n above_o other_o place_n constantinople_n and_o basilaea_n if_o we_o credit_n author_n which_o have_v write_v of_o this_o matter_n in_o asia_n china_n and_o other_o region_n adjoin_v thereunto_o chap._n xiii_o 1_o the_o natural_a affection_n of_o the_o land_n have_v hitherto_o be_v declare_v we_o be_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o civil_a those_o we_o term_v civil_a which_o concern_v the_o inhabitant_n 2_o a_o inhabitant_n be_v a_o man_n dwell_v in_o a_o certain_a place_n the_o name_n of_o a_o inhabitant_n as_o we_o have_v before_o note_v may_v be_v take_v either_o general_o for_o any_o live_a creature_n reside_v in_o a_o certain_a place_n in_o which_o sense_n brute_n beast_n may_v be_v call_v inhabitant_n which_o signification_n be_v only_o metaphorical_a or_o else_o for_o a_o reasonable_a live_a creature_n who_o abode_n be_v settle_v in_o any_o place_n or_o region_n in_o which_o sense_n we_o here_o take_v it_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n we_o have_v reserve_v for_o this_o last_o treatise_n follow_v as_o well_o the_o method_n of_o the_o first_o creation_n as_o of_o moses_n in_o the_o narration_n for_o god_n proceed_v in_o the_o first_o creation_n according_a to_o the_o
peninsula_n the_o most_o famous_a be_v africa_n scandia_n taurica_n chersonesus_n peloponnesus_n and_o america_n peruana_n that_o little_a parcel_n of_o land_n which_o join_v this_o peninsula_n with_o the_o main_a land_n we_o call_v a_o isthmus_n which_o be_v a_o narrow_a neck_n of_o land_n betwixt_o two_o sea_n join_v two_o continent_n such_o as_o be_v isthmus_n corinthiacus_n and_o isthmus_n cimbricus_fw-la more_o famous_a be_v those_o two_o narrow_a land_n whereof_o the_o one_o lie_v betwixt_o peruana_n and_o mexico_n in_o america_n the_o other_o divide_v africa_n from_o asia_n a_o promontory_n be_v a_o great_a mountain_n stretch_v itself_o far_o into_o the_o sea_n who_o extremity_n be_v call_v a_o cape_n or_o head_n of_o which_o the_o most_o remarkable_a be_v the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n in_o africa_n 2._o the_o cape_n of_o s._n vincent_n in_o portugal_n 3._o the_o cape_n of_o comary_a in_o asia_n 4._o the_o cape_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr victoria_n in_o america_n our_o observation_n concern_v this_o distinction_n shall_v be_v comprise_v in_o this_o theorem_a 1_o peninsula_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n fret_v through_o the_o isthmus_n have_v oftentimes_o be_v turn_v into_o land_n and_o contrariwise_o sometime_o peninsula_n by_o diminution_n of_o the_o sea_n make_v of_o land_n this_o proposition_n be_v not_o hard_a to_o prove_v if_o any_o credit_n ought_v to_o be_v gruen_v to_o ancient_a writer_n for_o it_o be_v common_o relate_v that_o sicily_n be_v heretofore_o join_v to_o italy_n cyprus_n to_o syria_n euboea_n with_o boeotia_n besbicum_fw-la with_o bythinia_n all_o which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v land_n separate_v and_o divide_v from_o the_o continent_n the_o like_a have_v be_v conjecture_v of_o our_o britain_n which_o some_o imagine_v heretofore_o to_o have_v be_v join_v with_o the_o continent_n of_o france_n about_o dover_n and_o calais_n as_o may_v seem_v probable_o to_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o correspondency_n of_o the_o cliff_n whereof_o 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the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o land_n this_o we_o call_v a_o deluge_n or_o inundation_n the_o inundation_n which_o ever_o have_v be_v observe_v on_o the_o earth_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n either_o universal_a or_o particular_a a_o universal_a be_v that_o whereby_o the_o whole_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v cover_v with_o water_n whereof_o we_o have_v only_o two_o example_n the_o first_o be_v in_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n when_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o scripture_n the_o whole_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v round_o invelope_v with_o water_n which_o cover_v the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n till_o such_o time_n as_o god_n by_o a_o supernatural_a hand_n make_v a_o separation_n of_o the_o water_n from_o the_o dry_a land_n but_o this_o be_v improper_o call_v a_o inundation_n because_o the_o same_o proper_o take_v imply_v as_o much_o as_o a_o overflow_a of_o that_o which_o be_v dry_a land_n before_o the_o second_o as_o we_o read_v in_o genesis_n happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o noah_n when_o god_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o man_n drown_v the_o whole_a world_n break_v open_a the_o cataract_n of_o heaven_n and_o lose_v the_o spring_n of_o the_o deep_a particular_a inundation_n be_v such_o as_o be_v not_o over_o the_o whole_a earth_n but_o in_o some_o particular_a place_n or_o region_n such_o a_o deluge_n according_a to_o genebrardus_n happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o enos_n wherein_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v drown_v the_o like_a iâ—_n speak_v of_o ogygeâ—_n king_n of_o athens_n that_o in_o his_o time_n happen_v a_o very_a great_a inundation_n which_o drown_v all_o the_o confine_n and_o coast_n of_o attica_n and_o achaia_n even_o to_o the_o aegean_a sea_n in_o which_o time_n it_o be_v think_v that_o buras_n and_o helice_n city_n of_o achaia_n be_v swallow_v up_o whereof_o ovid_n in_o his_o metamorphosis_n speak_v thus_o si_fw-mi quaeras_fw-la helicen_n &_o buran_n achaidos_fw-la urbes_fw-la inuenies_fw-la sub_fw-la aquis_fw-la buras_n and_o helice_n on_o achaiâ—n_n ground_n be_v seek_v in_o vain_a but_o under_o sea_n be_v find_v as_o famous_a be_v the_o inundation_n of_o thessaly_n in_o deucalion_n time_n mention_v not_o only_o by_o profane_a writer_n and_o poet_n but_o also_o by_o s._n augustin_n jerom_n and_o eusebius_n which_o will_v have_v it_o to_o happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o cranaus_n who_o next_o after_o cecrops_n govern_v athens_n this_o inundation_n be_v exceed_v great_a extend_v itself_o not_o only_o over_o all_o thessaly_n and_o the_o region_n adjoin_v westward_o but_o overwhelm_v the_o great_a part_n of_o italy_n the_o same_o or_o other_o happen_v near_o the_o same_o time_n oppress_v egypt_n if_o eusebius_n may_v obtain_v credit_n hence_o some_o will_v have_v the_o people_n of_o italy_n to_o have_v be_v call_v vmbrij_fw-la as_o pliny_n and_o solinus_n report_n quia_fw-la ab_fw-la imbribus_fw-la dilwij_fw-la superfuissent_fw-la but_o this_o etymology_n seem_v too_o far_o fetch_v there_o be_v also_o two_o other_o notable_a inundation_n mention_v by_o ancient_a writer_n which_o fall_v out_o in_o egypt_n from_o the_o river_n of_o nilus_n whereof_o the_o first_o cover_v all_o the_o neither_o egypt_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o prometheus_n and_o hence_o as_o natalis_n come_v observe_v be_v the_o fable_n draw_v of_o the_o vulture_n light_v on_o prometheus_n liver_n afterward_o slay_v by_o hercules_n for_o as_o diodorus_n siculus_n observe_v the_o river_n nilus_n for_o the_o swiftness_n of_o his_o course_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n call_v a_o eagle_n this_o river_n afterward_o do_v hercules_n by_o his_o great_a skill_n and_o judgement_n streiten_fw-ge and_o bind_v reduce_v it_o into_o narrow_a channel_n whence_o some_o greek_a poet_n turn_v hercules_n labour_v into_o fable_n feign_a that_o hercules_n slay_v the_o eagle_n which_o say_v on_o prometheus_n breast_n mean_v that_o he_o deliver_v prometheus_n out_o of_o that_o sorrow_n and_o loss_n which_o he_o and_o his_o people_n sustain_v by_o that_o inundation_n the_o second_o of_o these_o egyptian_a flood_n happen_v about_o pharus_n in_o egypt_n where_o alexander_n the_o great_a build_v alexandria_n to_o these_o may_v be_v add_v many_o more_o of_o lesser_a moment_n as_o well_o in_o ancient_a time_n as_o in_o our_o day_n as_o that_o of_o belgia_n in_o some_o part_n mention_v before_o on_o another_o occasion_n and_o not_o many_o year_n since_o in_o some_o part_n of_o somersetshire_n with_o we_o in_o britanny_n 1_o no_o universal_a inundation_n of_o the_o earth_n can_v be_v natural_a the_o other_o may_v depend_v on_o some_o natural_a cause_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o inundation_n many_o dispute_n have_v be_v among_o natural_a philosopher_n some_o have_v trust_v so_o far_o to_o nature_n that_o they_o have_v ascribe_v not_o only_o particular_a inundation_n but_o that_o universal_a deluge_n in_o the_o time_n of_o noah_n to_o second_v cause_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v henricus_fw-la mecliensis_fw-la a_o scholar_n of_o